query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why do I immediately feel like I have to pee or poop when playing hide and seek? | [
"You're probably excited. People have to poop and pee when they get excited."
] | [
"It seems to come as a surprise to my dog, every time he farts the noise spooks him. Also do you go sit on the toilet or go outside every time you fart?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why the Electoral College is still necessary. | [
"The electoral college is written into our Constitution. It's a historical leftover, but to change it we'd have to amend the Constitution. This means that 2/3 of Congress would have to agree on something. It takes a lot of political willpower to get that to happen. My guess is too few Americans understand the E.C. ... | [
"Small Population, High Tax Rate, Reasonably Successful Companies and Economy, and a Socialist System. Socialism isn't bad, its expensive but it also takes care of you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do modern dress trousers have 2, 3 or more buttons or fasteners to close the waist? | [
"As far as I understand, it is mostly to distribute the stress on the button(s) evenly so it does not crinkle (like the fabric around buttons on jeans for example) and leaves everything looking smooth and nice."
] | [
"Depends on what you mean. 1. Some longer jackets have a zipper at the bottom that zips up so you can access your pants, which is good if you have to go to the bathroom (as a male) since you don't need to zip the jacket all the way open. 2. The jacket may have a removable lining and the second zipper is for the lin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
the US-Russia "proxy" war | [
"Syria is currently in a civil war. US wants the governing Assad regime to end. Russia wants it to continue. Russia is suspected of bombing rebels. If the US reacts by bombing the pro-government forces, Russia and the US will be indirectly fighting each other with Syrian casualties."
] | [
"Many reasons. A non complete list: US using middle east states as war buffer against Russian communism during cold war US supporting the israli's. US supporting rebellious free equality culture"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can water that feels pleasant to an adult be scalding to a baby? | [
"\"Pleasant\" is too imprecise. 70F water is not going to scald a baby. Babies take warm baths from the day they pop out of the vajayjay. Some adults find higher temperature water pleasant, but other adults would find the same temperature water to be painfully hot. A baby's skin is more sensitive than an adults, so... | [
"If it's hot enough to burn other parts of the body, it'll burn your mouth, too. In fact it'll probably burn your mouth easier than other parts of the body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can a psychological condition/state (like stress) cause physiological effects? | [
"Your mind is not independent from your body. You \"feel\" stressed because your body is releasing chemicals, raising your heart rate, etc. Every emotion you have does something to your body. In some cases, like fear, your body causes the emotion before you have time to think about it."
] | [
"Personality Disorders don't have any established underlying biological abnormalities or actual cognitive/emotional difficulties. For example, with a mental disease like ADHD, the brain has issues with uptake of dopamine in the frontal lobes, the result is a measurable inability to pay attention. With personality d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How en passant works in chess | [
"[If a pawn is to the side and two rows above an opponent's pawn that has not yet moved, and the opponent's pawn walks up two spaces, you can take the pawn by moving diagonally around it.] (_URL_0_)"
] | [
"1. Chess is really old, so it has a lot of time to gather followers, which made it popular. 2. Chess is a typical \"easy to learn, hard to master\" board game, which makes it both popular and \"better\" than many other board games. Edit: It's kind of funny people keep mentioning Go here offering both these qualiti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are online games like CoD or WoW able to coordinate information from so many different players so fast? | [
"I'm not sure if you're going to get a proper ELI5 answer to this: understanding why things run that fast requires understanding how computers are designed and the network architecture of the Internet - not exactly light reading. But to give more details about investors: yes, investment firms will pay out the nose... | [
"Many reasons. A good technological reason is latency. The less time it takes for information to travel from your computer to the server the faster you can react to things. People who a re geographically closer to a server tend to be able to communicate with it much more quickly. There is also the semi obvious prob... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do we sometimes see rainbows in oil spills? | [
"When a bit of oil or gasoline gets in a puddle of water it will create a very thin and even coating on top of the surface. This thin coat of oil will be enough for the light that passes through it to refract, bend, in different angles than it would have had the oil not been there. These variations in how the light... | [
"Truly evaporated water is invisible, it’s basically air. Think about the totally clear area right at the top of a boiling kettle. Clouds are tiny droplets if water, white and visible, like steam. The summer heat evaporates lots of water, but it only forms clouds in certain areas where it’s gets pushed up to colder... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Chemistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Chemistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Meteorology:"
} |
Why do different groups of animals have specific names (like pod of whales or murder of crows) is this scientifically useful? | [
"They're called Terms of Venery, and it all started in the middle ages when hunting for sport became popular. The English imitated the specialized vocabulary of French hunters, and developed more specialized words. [They did this largely because it was fashionable.](_URL_0_) All the really different names don't rea... | [
"In college I was told that certain kinds of monkeys make similar sounding screeches to warn others in their group. Not sure if that's true."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how does a vpn work? | [
"You and some of your friends are at your house playing a game. In this game you are all in different rooms, one in the bedroom, one in the kitchen and so on - the only rule is you can't leave the room you're in. You play the game by shouting messages from one room to the other, and it's all fun. But there's a prob... | [
"Download RES. It allows you to. The link is at the bottom under tools."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can't you eat salmon after it spawns? | [
"I think you can eat it, it's just that salmon that have spawned have not eaten for months and are essentially on their last breath. Their meat becomes mush when cooked traditionally. It is not very appetizing. It also loses much of its oil."
] | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If sound travels better through water, why is it always quiet under water ? | [
"While sound travels well underwater, sound does not change mediums well. Sounds made above water will sound muffled at best underwater. But sounds generated underwater such as tapping metal objects together or the sounds of aquatic mammals will travel very well."
] | [
"You can hear very well underwater if the sound originated in the water. Clank two coins underwater in a pool and you can hear it clearly on the other side. The difficulty is when the sound originates in air. A lot of the energy is lost/reflected when transitioning from air to water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is it illegal to pump your own gas in New Jersey? | [
"might have started out as a safety thing, but at this point, its just about the jobs. protected jobs for unskilled workers. They dont want the unemployment to go up."
] | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why isn't space junk constantly coliding with the ISS and how do they protect themself from it? | [
"Space is big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind- bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space. So there's no need to panic."
] | [
"They do collide with space junk. That's why they have to be built to withstand collisions with small objects flying at very high speeds. When explosions happen in space, there's no air resistance to slow down objects after they are thrown at such high velocities. So there are things orbiting earth at hundreds of m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Science and Technology:"
} |
What is the point of image-based Captchas if there are already lots of bots that can solve them? Do ticket-reselling websites have some secret OCR/high performance photo recognition software that Google doesn't? | [
"Captchas don't need to be perfect to be useful. If robots are making 5 accounts an hour then it's not really the end of the world, if they are making 5 accounts a second then a service quickly can get overwelmed. A speed bump can be as useful as a stop sign."
] | [
"It doesn't generally have to \"click\". Your browser sends a message to the server saying \"I want to buy this\" and then does some other messaging to send payment info. A bot could do these things without a browser. A second option is to write scripts in your browser to do it. A webpage has a structure that a pro... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Technology:"
} |
I live in a town with a paper mill. How come it smells worse at night then during the day. | [
"I’m not an expert on paper mills, but I know that sugar factories hire way mor employees and ramp up production at night because they can be louder, since there’s no traffic going by them during those hours. It could be the same deal there."
] | [
"Burn a candle all day in your house, the smell isn't as strong because you become used to it. Walk into a house with a candle burning and you smell it right away. Works the same with body odor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are gpus much bigger than cpus? | [
"A GPU is essentially a second motherboard. It contains the GPU chip architecture, along with RAM and other components."
] | [
"clock rate doesn't give the full picture of the performance think of it like the gas mileage of a car. Intel makes cars(processors) with higher mileage or in other words they are more efficient then AMD processors. You can have an Intel processor that's clocked lower than an equivalent AMD processor and still have... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do so many mobile phone manufacturers sell their devices in different regions of the world with different processors? | [
"It's typically a licensing or patent issue. If you're referring specifically to how Samsung uses either Exynos or Qualcomm, you can read about that more in depth here. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Phone software and hardware are typically designed for each other. Especially with iPhones, but also with the most popular Androids, the components of the phone are “standardized”; the developer of an app knows what the device running it is capable of, and can design it accordingly to run with minimal hiccups. On ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is football the only one of the four major American sports in which the referees give big speeches about penalties and such? | [
"The difference is that in football, a lot happens at once and the infraction can occur with any player. When a flag is thrown, it's often unclear why. With other sports, the action occurs with the ball or puck and events happen in sequence. The call is usually understandable with a single gesture. In baseball th... | [
"\"Because it pays\" is the short answer. If a player can convince the referee that an opposing player has committed a foul, his team gets an advantage: the opposing player can get a warning (yellow card) or his team gets a free kick or a penalty shot (if the \"foul\" happened in the penalty area). They get away wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are you slightly taller in the morning after you wake up? Can you also get slightly taller from a short nap? | [
"All the time you stand up gravity compresses your spinal column, so you slowly shrink during the day, when you lie down the compression is eased and you become taller again."
] | [
"Because you weren't moving and gripping things (at least not much) while you were asleep. So your muscles are colder and more stiff because of the lack of movement. However once you do start moving, and your muscles warm up, you'll be able to do things normally. This is the same reason as to why your legs or arms ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
the U.S. State Department and what they do. | [
"Wikipedia says it very clearly: > > The United States Department of State (often referred to as the State Department or DoS), is the United States federal executive department responsible for international relations of the United States, equivalent to the foreign ministries of other countries."
] | [
"Those within the company that own that stock."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do hippies and stoners love Joshua Tree? | [
"I like Achtung Baby more personally. \"One love... One blood... One life you got to do what you should...\""
] | [
"Why in God's name would a 5 year old want to know about Quantum Gravity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why are you not supposed to swallow or chew dissolvable pills? | [
"They are designed to dissolve at a certain speed. When you chew it up into smaller pieces, you break that designed dissolution threshold."
] | [
"The bad taste is intentional in many medications, in order to discourage kids from drinking the medicine accidentally."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are crayons considered children's toys, but nearly every other medium (ink, pencil, paint, etc.) is used in serious art? | [
"Crayons don't lend themselves to fine details. They also don't blend together very well. These two factors combine with the fact that they're generally cheap & don't age well to limit their usefulness in \"serious\" art, leaving you to mostly make \"simplistic\" and \"childlike\" drawings. Closely related to crayo... | [
"[This](_URL_0_) post sums up my thoughts on the subject pretty well; I think artists of the past were just as capable of drawing/painting as well as artists today can. Edit: Also, art supplies were a lot more difficult to get ahold of in the past; artists often had to make their own paints, canvases, paintbrushes,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Art and History:"
} |
Why do "rolling stretches" (ie rolling a lacrosse ball under your foot) hurt so good? | [
"This practice results in a “myofascial release”. Fascia is a thin layer of tissue that surrounds muscles, you may have come across a film-like substance around a chicken breast —not the skin. Muscles that are tight or contracted may be relieved through rolling on a lacrosse ball or stretching as you mention, incre... | [
"Instead of just stretching, try doing warm-up exercises first (jogging around for a while, etc). Also, as someone who has faced this issue up until a couple of months ago, it's really just something that your body has to build up to; I've found that strengthening my achilles (+ other tendons) and calves isn't a qu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do rotary aero engines work? | [
"[They work like this!](_URL_0_) The engine rotates around a fixed shaft, and the propeller is simply bolted to the front of the engine."
] | [
"They may be cooling fins. Electric motors lose some energy as heat from friction in bearings and electrical resistance in wires. Can you provide a better description of what you mean, or a picture?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why Don't Sponsors like Coca Cola Withdraw from the Qatar 2022 World Cup? | [
"Because they care more about reaching a global audience during the World Cup than they do about supporting human rights. They know exactly what the situation is, and they have an insufficient financial reason to care."
] | [
"Main ways: 1. Ticket Sales 2. Merchandise 3. Team wins of playoffs/superbowl 4. Licencing 5. TV/Radio Rights"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do we blackout when we drink a lot of alcohol? | [
"The alcohol inhibits the creation of new memories as far as I understand. That is, once you reach a certain toxicity level. So its not that you can't access the memories... They just don't exist."
] | [
"This is not an informed response but I get a burst of energy about an hour after drinking too much orange juice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If I drink 10oz of an 8%ABV beer and 16oz of a 5%ABV beer, which one will affect my BAC more quickly? | [
"Pharmacologist here, one of my lecturers in vascular pharmacology stated there is a optimal % of alcohol to get drunk in the smallest amount possible. Too high a % i.e vodka, absinthe etc and the body will treat it like a poison and limit absorption. Too low a % and it's not a very effective way of getting drunk.... | [
"As many have pointed out, drinking alcohol dehydrates you, so you shouldn't drink alcohol to hydrate yourself. But I think what you're getting at is the comparison between water content of different drinks. A 1.5 oz shot of vodka and a 12 oz beer have roughly the same alcohol content, but the beer has a lot more w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How game shows like The Price Is Right, for example, can afford to give away so much money and so many expensive prizes. | [
"I don't have any sources or anything on this, but I think it's correct. The prizes that are given away are generally donated by the companies that produce them, for example if it's a car the announcers will always say \"**This brand new 2012 Ford Focus SE**\", this means that Ford gets some very nice advertising f... | [
"Television and film make lots of money and the actors are the only people that the audience associates with the work. It is not uncommon for a tv show to return 100 dollars for every 1 invested. As such there is incredible interest in keeping the show going. Which allows actors to get extremely good salaries. Or A... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does internet bandwidth cost money | [
"The reason is that 1gb of data from Netflix will come way, way more often than 1gb from Facebook or Google. And it does cost more money, because when an ISP reaches the capacity of their bandwidth, they have to get more, which is very expensive -- new fiber optic lines and the like. Let's put this into a very plau... | [
"The weakest link in the chain applies here. Internet works like this (for most people): Your PC = > your modem = > your provider = > source of information your modem will be changing constantly if you share internet. How providers share bandwidth between costumers varies, but is in constant flux. The source you're... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Internet speed and service:"
} |
How is it possible to convert old and blurry film and videos from the past into high quality modern versions? | [
"If they were originally recorded on movie-quality film then the original resolution is actually extremely high. You can re-scan the original film at a much higher resolution for modern HD formats. The loss of image quality back in the 80s wasn't from the original film, but rather the conversion to lossy formats li... | [
"The originals were filmed in higher quality -- it had to be downgraded to fit the consumer technology available at the time. Older movies are the same."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can several cell phone providers claim to have THE largest mobile network in America? | [
"Largest Area Covered Most Phones On Network Most Employees Working for Network Highest Valued Company All examples of what the phrase \"largest mobile network\" could mean. Whilst most people would assume that they mean the second one, it's a vague enough phrase that it's difficult to disprove. I'm sure people ca... | [
"They probably offer lower end devices or different quality of service for Cricket to offset the price difference. Similar scenario with Sprint and Boost. Just trying to attract a different audience."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do I hear different sounds from each ear bud. | [
"It's called panning. Download a music program and give it a whirl, bud!"
] | [
"They use two Channels for the same instrument and turn one down while they turn the other one up. And you an hear only one channel per ear, so this so called stereo is easier to hear. On your soundsystem you normally hear both channels with both ears."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there anything in the natural world that is truly "random"? | [
"Radiation is random. We can measure the radioactivity of a radioactive source and determine its half-life, but according to the laws of quantum physics it is impossible to predict when any particular atom will decay and produce radiation. True randomness does not exist in classic physics, i.e. Newton's Laws. But ... | [
"Because what is beyond is unknown, and thus not mapped."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why Mint Helps an Upset Stomach | [
"From what I know, menthol (the chemical that gives mint some of its flavor and its \"cooling\" sensation) stops muscle spasms and acts as a counterirritant. It's likely a combination of those two properties that help with upset stomachs."
] | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can someone get pregnant with only one ovary and only one Fallopian tube on opposite sides of the body? | [
"They ovaries and tubes are not spread out on each side of the uterus like on the diagrams. They're each tucked behind a bit and contained in the \"sac of Douglas.\" One can ovulate out of either ovary and it will go through either tube, not necessarily right ovary right tube one month and left overt left tube the ... | [
"Short answer: It probably can be done, but easier methods are already available. Longer answer: The eggs are not fully developed until they are released from the ovaries and that only happens at a rate of 1 egg per month. The egg cells in the ovaries are underdeveloped and surrounded by all kinds of other tissue, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does USA elect their president based on who gets the most electoral votes and not by popular vote? | [
"These vids explain far better than I could: * _URL_0_ * _URL_1_ Enjoy."
] | [
"You vote in your state. Whichever side in your state gets the most votes, gets to pick their electors. If Dems win, the state picks electors for Hillary. If republican, the state picks electors for trump. The chosen electors cast their vote for their candidate in that state. The total of the electoral votes se... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is the general population becoming more or less religious as our understanding of the universe increases? | [
"The general population in the vast majority of countries doesn't actually have much access to the understanding of the universe, and is only marginally affected as the upper echelon of society gains this knowledge. Generally as people gain a deeper understanding of science and technology they will become less rel... | [
"It would be tantamount to what Thomas Kuhn termed a ‘paradigm shift.’ Basically, it would revolutionize the most basic conclusions scientists have had about the origins of life for hundreds of years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is considered 'fake' news, how does it differ from The Onion or a bias MSM? Also, what's the big deal? | [
"Fake news is an article posted on a web site designed to look like a legitimate newspaper or other news source that is In fact nothing but clickbait. Read [There is no such thing as the Denver Guardian](_URL_0_) for an example. A Denver resident might know that the Denver Guardian doesn't exist but a casual reader... | [
"It's not news its propaganda as RT is owned by the Russian government. I'm sure that if you posted Donald Trump press releases they would be removed for the same reason."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Media and Journalism:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Media and Journalism:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is having something stuck in your teeth so irritating and a relief to get out? | [
"When something is wedged between your teeth, it puts outward pressure on the teeth the object is touching, which does not feel good. Getting the wedge out relieves the pressure"
] | [
"Irritations come in many forms. Perhaps it's a grain of sand, or dirt. maybe a flake of skin. or just a loose hair that has moved or even brushed against your skin. Sometimes it's a new zit you \"happen to discover\" because it was irritating you subconsciously. insects are also common and itching is a way to brus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The Ellen Show keeps showing "psychics." What makes it all bullshit? | [
"The fact that psychics can't do what they say they can do is what makes it all bullshit."
] | [
"Because they know the whole thing is bullshit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Are planes in flight affected by the the earth rotation? | [
"From what I am learning in Science class, The Coriolis Effect, or the Earths rotation and its effect on winds, affects the flight paths of planes if they are flying just straight to the south. Sometimes just the rotation can affect flight paths. An example that I read in a Earth Science book: Imagine a rocket bein... | [
"Short answer; they don't. Longer answer; If they're lucky there are differing wind directions at various altitudes, so they can make a choice. However they are still at the mercy of the winds."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are more jobs better for an economy? | [
"More jobs means: more goods and services created, more wealth created. Money can be exchanged for goods and services. For government it means more money (from taxes) to provide services and less people to take care of (helping the unemployed). Edit: I'd like to add that our economy is mostly consumption driven. If... | [
"There is much greater adoption of public transportation in Europe than in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does James Bond change | [
"It's never brought up. There is a good fan theory that suggests that James Bond and 007 are merely code names given to a particular agent, but that's about the extent of it."
] | [
"OP, how about a short explanation about how you know this?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are cell phone carriers allowed to advertise "unlimited" plans that aren't actually unlimited? | [
"They lay it all out in the details, its fine. They literally tell you exactly what the plan is. It will be something like this: Our new Unlimited^1 data plan! Get it today ^1 Unlimited means up to 10 GBs of data at full speed, then speed may be reduced to 128 kbps. This is normal legal disclosures and such, and i... | [
"First off, unlimited has multiple definitions. It can literally mean without limits or it can mean infinite. When you see unlimited in marketing material, it can refer to either of these definitions. In regards to cell phone companies, they generally use the second definition. All companies that I know of that off... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Could a spacecraft fly through a gas planet like Saturn? | [
"Yes, it is gas, but it not all gases are equal. For example, the density of Earth's atmosphere (at sea level and 15 degrees C) is about 0.001225 g/cm^3 . By contrast, the average density of Saturn is 0.69 g/cm^3 . So while Saturn has the distinction of being the only planet less dense than water (on average) it is... | [
"There's no wind in space, but there's wind in Jupiter's atmosphere, just like there's wind here on Earth. The probe will reach Jupiter the same way that other probes have been sent to planets before."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Will we ever hit a point where athletic records simply become unbeatable? | [
"We already have them in long-living sports like baseball for various reasons: _URL_0_ You'll notice one of them is 2 grand slams in a SINGLE inning. That's already considered a freak accident, and since the only thing that could beat it would be 3 grand slams in a single inning, it'd take a lot to beat. You also ... | [
"That's a damn interesting question but impossible to answer because we do not know just how horribly inflated diamond prices are."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the differences between Singles, EP's, and Albums. | [
"Singles were created before the Internet, to get popular songs out quickly. The artist wouldn't have enough material or time to release something longer at the time. Traditionally, just an A-side (single) and the B-side. 2 songs. Nowadays, a few remixes. Somewhere around 6-15 minutes. EP stands for extended play, ... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What information is on the X Chromosome that isn't in the Y Chromosome? | [
"Pretty much all sex-linked diseases are coded for on the X chromosome; since men don't have a \"backup\" copy on the Y chromosome these diseases are more common in men than in women. Wikipedia gives a partial list of conditions: * ALD * Duchenne muscular dystrophy * Hunter syndrome * Menkes disease (kinky hair syn... | [
"Most of the baldness you see is caused by a gene on the X chromosome. If a man has the gene for baldness in his X chromosome then he will be bald. If a woman has the gene for baldness on an X chromosome, she has a second X chromosome that most likely will not have that gene so it is suppressed and she will not be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why did medieval people write in such ridiculous scripts? Did gothic or other letters have any advantages I don't know about? | [
"It was considered an art, the monks would primarily write what you've seen, and that was their only job, they were well aware that they would become historic texts so wanted to Present their culture in a certain way, so they made their writing art"
] | [
"It usually takes longer to spell out a signature than to just scratch it down. There are also many people out there who don't know how to write cursive and therefore don't know how to sign their name. Theoretically it would also be more difficult to forge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is happening on a molecular level when water puts out fire? | [
"Two things, first it separates the reactants: fire is a reaction between some material and oxygen in the air. By covering the material with water, the fire no longer has oxygen and it dies. Second, and more importantly, water is a superb conductor of heat, if there's something even slightly warmer than water, the... | [
"It's not air pollution. It has to do with the way light refracts on particles in our atmosphere."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why/how do accents develop? | [
"The evolution of language is just like the evolution of animals - put the same language in different places and it will slowly change over a long period of time in different ways depending on the environment. Different habits will appear in different groups of people. For instance in the southern US, people get ho... | [
"Follow up question, why do some moles grow hair?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do people think Obama is a socialist? | [
"During any election, the Democrats try to demonize the Republican candidates while the Republicans try to demonize the Democrat candidates. Since the Republicans wanted to win the presidential election, they spent time and money promoting the idea that Obama was bad. Specifically, since Obama made statements about... | [
"Canada here - Because our Prime Minister is a complete tool who's all about prohibition."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How to explain difference between Adding and "Timesing" to an actual 5 year old? | [
"Here is how I would explain multiplication to an actual five year old: \"Timesing\" IS \"plussing\" the same thing, over and over again, as many \"times\" as you need. That may work for you."
] | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does senior-itis occur? | [
"If you're going to college, your entire academic career up until that point has been to get accepted. You're now accepted. Your grades and efforts after this point are irrelevant outside of an extremely steep and sudden decline. You're no longer working for a purpose, so it all just seems meaningless."
] | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do current gen consoles have amazing graphics and VR games still look like they're from 10 years ago? | [
"VR Games have to keep the total latency (the time from you input a command -- such as moving your head -- until it is reflected in images rendered) *extremely* low in order to avoid VR sickness. If it takes too long for your head movement to have a visible effect, your brain gets confused and you can start feeling... | [
"> Why do PC's need to be upgraded for newer games They usually don't. If you want to run a brand spanking new game on hardware from 3 years ago, it will probably run, but it won't run on the highest settings. Console games simply don't have highest settings because the hardware is always the same. Console hardware... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about videogame development:"
} |
Why is the scroll lock key still included on modern keyboards? | [
"Habit mostly. They have asked the manufacturers, and they just said that it's a legacy function that doesn't cost any more to leave in, so why not"
] | [
"You know how most full sized keyboards have a separate keypad and cursor control keys (the arrows and the Ins-Del-Home-End-PgUp-PgDn cluster)? Early keyboards didn't, and used the numeric keypad for both. Numlock let you choose between them. Some people are used to using the keypad in this way, so they kept numloc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is keeping a dog or cat as a pet not the same as keeping animals in captivity? | [
"Some animals have been domesticated. They have been bred for years and years to live in harmony with humans. If I let this dog out to run through the streets of Chicago, he is going to die within hours. I am not keeping him here to punish him or to entertain myself, I am keeping him here so he does not die."
] | [
"I think this is more of an ethics and philosophy question, rather than a concept. What right does man have to interfere with nature? How can we be sure that our actions will not cause more harm than good? How do you define animal suffering? Where do we draw the line? Should all wild animals be kept in zoos? What a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is our age based on the day we are born instead of our date of conception? | [
"We cannot precisely pin down the day you were conceived in a legal sense, but we can for birth."
] | [
"It is 100% a bunch of nonsense. There is no way the positions of certain planets relative to Earth at the time of your birth could affect your personality."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What's the point of the laugh track in TV shows? | [
"How else would you know when Big Bang Theory was [supposed to be funny](_URL_0_)? I'm joking to an extent, but think about how much more you laugh in company than alone. It's easy to get used to it and stop noticing it, and then it gets subconsciously easier to laugh along."
] | [
"Because they're different. Why do UK late night talk shows only air once a week?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens when the lungs collapse? | [
"Ok, so in the chest cavity between the ribs and lungs there is space, which normally has lower than the atmospheric pressure. This allows the lungs to expand and fill with air when we open our airways and use our breathing muscles. If there is communication between this space and the outside (from a stab wound etc... | [
"It basically grows until it makes it difficult for other organs to function properly. If it continues growing the organs stop working completely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are meats like bratwurst and Italian sausages curved, and why isn't it the same case for hot dogs? | [
"natural sausages are made of ground meat and spices stuffed into an animal's intestine as the casing. the intestine is naturally curvy. hot dogs are ground (puree'd) meat and spices and extruded into shape. or sometimes put into a collagen casing"
] | [
"I think you're confusing all pork with ham or bacon, which has been cured with salt first. Raw pork products are usually sweet in flavor like other white meats. Sometimes they are injected with a brine, but not enough to make them inherently salty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does marijuana help people that are sick? | [
"I can start with a couple of things: It increases appetite. This will help someone who is chronically ill and needs to eat but has no desire to eat. It reduces anxiety. This will help psychologically where worrying less will generally lead to a stronger immune system and generally better outlook on life, despite t... | [
"No one has ever died from smoking marijuana, whereas 480,000 Americans die annually from cigarettes. We also have medical marijuana because it works to alleviate some forms of pain and symptoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Is this North Korea nuclear test scenario really that serious? | [
"Its always a bad thing when a country gets nukes. however, the real threat would not be to the countries that come to mind, like the US. They would be detected and intercepted. What would be in danger is closer countries, like China, and S. Korea."
] | [
"The difference with North Korea is that you can also listen to what the others countries are saying. Unless there is a big conspiracy involving every countries... the US is most likely not lying on that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
the differences between sociopath, psychopath and narcissist to me? | [
"A sociopath is a wolf in sheep's clothing. A psychopath is a rabid wolf in sheep's clothing -- or maybe only just a wool sweater. A narcissist is a sheep who thinks he's the shepherd -- and you can go to hell if you don't indulge him in his delusion."
] | [
"Depends on the disorder. For example, a person with OCD usually would, but a person with paranoid schizophrenia most likely wouldn't. People with personality disorders like borderline and narcissistic personality disorders are notorious for not realizing their behavior isn't normal as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do women seem to have a harder time losing weight than men? I've known several guys who said they cut out soda and lost 20-50+lbs, but I never hear stories like that from women, even on a smaller scale. | [
"My experience is that women in general are more aware of how many calories we're consuming in the first place because we're inundated with weight-loss information in the media that's targeted at us. I know a lot of guys who eat and drink a ton of calories that they're not even aware of, or think something like an ... | [
"Metabolic rates are absolute but \"fast\" and \"slow\" are relative terms. For that person's size, perhaps yes they have a fast metabolism. But actually, the more a person weighs the faster basal metabolic rate they will have. The more fat, and to a greater extent the more muscle you have, the faster your metaboli... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
my doctor said to eat less carbs and sugar, and to eat more fruit. Isn't fruit basically all carbs and sugar? | [
"for starters sugar is a carb. with that said, ignoring artificial sweeteners, there are only 2 \"sugars\" fructose and glucose. The same molecules are in fruits as is in that big bag of granulated sugar. different ratios of fructose and glucose, but even then, they all generally hover around 50/50. Both sugars ar... | [
"You eat too much refined grain and sugar. Eat more vegetables and lean meat and this won't happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How come the Falcons have won NFC East when Giants could potentially still tie with them? | [
"They didn't, because they're in the NFC south and are 7 games behind the Panthers. The Redskins clinched the NFCE and the Giants could theoretically tie, but in the case of a tie you go by conference record and the Redskins have them beat there."
] | [
"Denver is number one team out of the AFC, Seattle is the top out of the NFC. These two teams own the two best records in football this year. Denver boasts the number one offense (single season records galore) while Seattle boasts the number one defense. Peyton Manning, QB for Denver will be the biggest name in the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is milk made from nuts low in calories and the raw nuts themselves are high in calories? | [
"Because it's not actually milk. It's more of a tea or coffee. They pour hot water over ground up nuts. It's the same as saying that coffee is low calorie, but if you were to eat the bean, it would be substantially higher in calories."
] | [
"Fat isn't bad. We need to unlearn that bit of mid-90's wisdom. Natural fats, in moderation, are very good for you. Peanuts in particular contain many fats that are considered good for cardiovascular health. So what is about fats? Eating too many calories are bad, and fat has a lot of calories. Eating too much fat ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do bacteria that use metals for respiration work? | [
"Cell respiration requires moving electrons through something called the electron transport chain. After you are done using them, you need to get rid of those electrons. Since oxygen is easily available in the environment and good at accepting electrons, we use oxygen. Those bacteria need something that is good at ... | [
"They have no energy metabolism, they do not grow, they produce no waste products, and they do not respond to stimuli. They also don't reproduce independently but must replicate by invading living cells."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is Lobbying is seen as normal and , thus , accepted? | [
"You can lobby the government too. Call up your senator, that's lobbying. Professional lobbyists just happen to have more resources at their disposal then you. But if the majority of the population lobby their government then they'll usually give in."
] | [
"Small Population, High Tax Rate, Reasonably Successful Companies and Economy, and a Socialist System. Socialism isn't bad, its expensive but it also takes care of you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The most efficient way to utilize the 21 speeds on my bike. | [
"There is definitely going to be some overlap. I wound't worry about this too much. As long as your are pedaling comfortably, that's all that really matters. As a rule of thumb: * Don't change the front chainring too often - set it based on terrain (large ring for going downhill or downwind, small for going uphill ... | [
"Because there is more demand for the 20oz than the 2 liter."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't moons have moons? | [
"I recommend you repost this to /r/askscience. It's possible that an actual astrophysicist or someone with similar knowledge will give you a very credible answer there."
] | [
"The AP Stylebook (or your reading of it, I don't know the full context) is wrong in this case. When you say \"The Earth revolves around the Sun\", you need to capitalize \"Sun\" because it's being used as a proper noun. When you say \"The Moon causes our tides\", ditto. But not when you're saying \"Planets have mo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Can I die of laughing? | [
"Death from laughter is a rare form of death, usually resulting from cardiac arrest or asphyxiation, caused by a fit of laughter. Instances of death by laughter have been recorded from the times of ancient Greece to the modern day. As for what makes us laught for it to happen would depend on the sense of humour th... | [
"Correct me if I’m wrong but isn’t that cancer? Or tumors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do animals not respond to "bad" smells the same way we do? | [
"You're talking about instincts, millions of years of environmental conditioning that's different for every species. Humans are repulsed by the smells of human feces because contact with feces can cause disease. The difference is that dogs are a scavenger species, and have much stronger immune defenses for those ki... | [
"Apparently the body releases a certain odor that is undetectable to humans, but not to dogs right before some types of seizures."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
BAC gets hit with a $17B fine...and shares rise 4%? Is this a good thing? | [
"The 17 billion was actually a settlement with the u.s. government, so Bank of America agreed to it to cease the civil litigation. The bank would not have paid MORE money to settle the case than it would stand to lose at trial, so the bank must have had a higher risk of loss while the litigation was ongoing. With t... | [
"Ok, give me $1000 and then I won't pay it back. Does that sound good to you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is are the Geneva Conventions and what do they do? | [
"They were a series of negotiations amongst states that establish a common standard for treatment of people in wars who aren't fighting. Such as prisoners, priests, doctors, injured soldiers and so on. It also established the International Committee of the Red Cross. The first one was in 1864 and the last major re... | [
"It was the convention held in the United States which lead to the drafting of the Constitution. Do you have a more specific question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Military and International Law:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Military and International Law:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do you calibrate the speed of an electric motor? How does voltage vary from different motor sizes in relation to the speed they rotate? | [
"Well I can't speak about all motors but in the case of large industrial motors, DC motor speed is controlled by varying voltage and AC 3-phase motors are controlled by varying frequency."
] | [
"Simple. With a gearbox. _URL_0_ You hook up the slower spinning big gear connected to the wind facing turbine and a smaller gear to a generator and presto. The generator spins faster. You can repeat this with a series of gears and have the generator spin at an optimum rpm. The amount of energy you generate isn't d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
the difference between a singer and a vocalist. | [
"A singer is someone who sings. A vocalist is an umbrella term. It could be a singer, a rapper, or a screamer. You only say \"vocalist\" when you're referring to someone in a band or ensemble that involves other musicians. For example, it would be weird, but not incorrect, to say that Lady Gaga is a vocalist. She ... | [
"Usually: money Also usually: being a good screen actor does not equal being a good voice actor"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't we start a farm in America where we breed a bunch of Rhinos or other endangered animals. | [
"I'm going to point out the Giant Panda as an example. In zoos, they have a perfectly safe environment with some roam to roam, plenty of food and a few choices of potential mates. And they don't want to breed. Getting animals to breed in captivity is a hard task."
] | [
"Those of us who care and understand the tragedy live half a world away. Hard to save something so far away that lives in an extremely impoverished country whose citizens will earn top dollar for superstitious body parts of endangered wildlife."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Everyone agrees that health care prices in the US are rising. Who, in the end, is profiting from these higher prices? Insurance companies? pharmaceutical companies? | [
"Canadian here.. Could it be the horrible profit motive for healthcare..? Nawww couldn't be. I mean, it's not like the market doesn't fix any issues that arises right? Like if you have a rare, deadly disease, of course the pharmaceutical company, insurance company, and private hospital would be more than happy to n... | [
"A couple of reasons. (1) A lack of price transparency. It is almost impossible to compare the price of a procedure across hospitals, which means that there is no competition. If I need a colonoscopy, I can't call up local hospitals A, B and C and then select the cheapest option. (2) Many rates for the same proced... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why isn't it practical for everybody on a plane to have a parachute? | [
"It is practical if the plane is a fighter jet or a bomber, and they typically do. But for passenger aircraft, there are several reasons why not, including: * Almost nobody on an airplane is trained in the use of parachutes * Parachutes are heavy and bulky and would take space that could be used for paying passenge... | [
"I've been taught that the real actual reason is the period of time during takeoff and landing while the plane is below 10,000ft is the time when an accident is most likely to take place. Basically, they want you paying attention to what is happening rather than dicking around on your phone. Source: Studied aviatio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:"
} |
Why are stem cells so special and why are people against them? | [
"Stem cells are like blank discs. They haven't differentiated yet into brain cells or muscle cells or liver cells, so they are much more useful to research since scientists can theoretically teach them to grow into something in particular, such as growing a liver or growing nerve endings. People are largely against... | [
"Scientists use embryos and unborn(?) children because they contain Stem Cells. There's an ongoing debate whether this is cruel, some say it is because the baby is made once the egg is fertilized, others say the baby isn't a baby until they have a heart, brain etc. Stem Cells are cells that can change into any othe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does CPR work when the rescuer is breathing out CO2 but the victim needs oxygen? | [
"You're not exhaling pure CO2. In fact, you actually exhale a fair amount of oxygen when you breathe. It doesn't all go directly into your bloodstream with every breath. That being said, there are two important things to consider: 1. The chest compressions are BY FAR the most important component of CPR. 2. Professi... | [
"The compression on the chest squeezes the heart, pushing some blood out of it. When the compression stops the change in pressure allows the blood to fill the heart again, much as it does between heartbeats. The valves in the heart keep everything going in the right direction. The compressions also ventilate some ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and First Aid:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Health and First Aid:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do we eat only certain types of fish? | [
"Simply because it's inefficient to do so. They are relatively small and dispersed compared to say, Tuna or Cod. The amount of work involved with catching smaller / less common fish would increase the price of the fish, and have less to show for it."
] | [
"Thats really a first world/western thing. Most cultures eat the same type of food all day long."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Could a very large number of solar panels installed in the poor Sahel countries' desert (Chad, Mali, Niger) help their economies and people significantly? | [
"Not really. 1. There is just no other infrastructure for these to integrate into. It would just sit there not doing much. 2. This does not address the *human capital* problem. You cannot just *give* a schoolkid a nuclear power plant - they would have absolutely no idea what to do with it. Similarly, these countrie... | [
"When nearby parts of the Sahara are further submerged in water so that the temperature variation between night and day will not be so drastic. This will also allow the air around the Sahara to hold more moisture and help replenish potential flora on the Sahara. So yes, global warming could actually replenish Sahar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can a chemical agent be traced back to a specific country and how hard would it be to fake the traces of said chemical compound? | [
"I'm going to assume you're referring to the attempted poisoning of a Russian who spied for the British intelligence that happened in the UK some time ago. The nerve agent used in that case was identified to be a highly advanced neurotoxin that was developed in the Soviet Union. That, plus the assumption (whether t... | [
"Napalm is not a chemical weapon. It's an incendiary bomb. You are probably thinking of agent orange, which is also not a chemical weapon, but the chemicals used in it may have caused some side-effects on people affected by it. It's still debated whether agent orange was actually the specific reason for these issue... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does water have 0 calories? | [
"Calories are the amount of energy your body can extract from an item of food. Water does not provide energy."
] | [
"Imagine you wanted to pack as much energy into your little seed as possible so the plant baby gets the best head start possible. Fat = 9 calories per gram. Protein or Carbs = 4 calories per gram. Pretty much that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if all cotton candy is is sugar and food coloring, why does it have such a distinct "cotton candy" flavor? | [
"Because of flavoring in the sugar. That's why they're different colors."
] | [
"I think it is just texture and flavor. Not many people like to eat anything in pure powder form. That said, pixie sticks are basically just sugar with flavoring, so the texture might not be that big of a problem. Still, most people like sugar in different forms. If you take pure sugar, mix it with water, and boil ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why has public breastfeeding suddenly become this huge issue in the past few years? | [
"It's not really particularly huge now. It's always been a small controversy for the last sixty years or so. It flares up occasionally when something egregious happens like a mother gets thrown out of somewhere or threatened with arrest. We are in something of a feminist resurgence at the moment as well, which migh... | [
"It's not a modern phenomenon at all, what makes you think it's only been happening for the last 20 years?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Gentrification:"
} |
is Kim Jong-Un really that bad? | [
"He probably has no real power and does what he’s told by older guys."
] | [
"If the things North Korea did made sense, they wouldn't be North Korea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When you accidentally close a book, and then try to get back on the same page, how is it that you can "randomly" open the book and be +/- a few pages of the page you were on? | [
"You had some idea about where you were. You tried to open it there. The book also has a memory in that it was opened to a page. The bindings and paper had shifted."
] | [
"In the spirit of actually answering this like you are five years old... Imagine that someone took the pages from your book, ripped them out and randomly put them back into the book. You know you need to start reading from page one, so flip through until you find it and read the page. Okay great. Done with page one... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does my dog immediately know if whatever I throw at her is edible? Why can't I do that? | [
"Not an expert, just grew up with dogs. It seems like its all about texture and smell. If you notice they sometimes eat shit that is definitely not food (homework, toy stuffing, etc), so I think ArtIII is also correct. They don't always get it right lol."
] | [
"Based on the facts you have presented: 1. some mornings you wake up just fine. 2. you ate dinner the night before. 3. it only happens to you in the morning. 4. before you throw up you run to the kitchen to grab the first bit of food you can. 5. it doesn't matter what it is. 6. you cram it down your throat. ...you ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why is an aluminum sheet more likely to tear in a straight line than a sheet of paper? | [
"Paper is full of fibers or tiny \"strings\", which give it the combination of strength and flexibility we associate with paper. Any specific location in a sheet of paper is connected by this structure to other locations. The distance and direction of each fiber is somewhat random, giving it uneven strength. Tearin... | [
"If the glass fiber is 1/300 the thickness a sheet of glass, it can bend around a 300x tighter radius without breaking. The material on the outside of the bend has to stretch in order to stay lined up with the material on the inside of the bend. If the material is thinner, the difference in radius is smaller, so t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If humans just ignored global warming what exactly would happen to the Earth? Is it really that bad? Could we adapt? | [
"Just remember one thing: Everything about global warming isn't about \"the earth\". People don't care about that and ultimately it wouldn't matter. Fact is, humans could adapt somewhat. Maybe not if something else happens during the transition (vulcano, meteor whatever). Humans COULD all die. What would happen? Ea... | [
"How bad is it *right now*? Not that bad. But it's going to get a lot worse in the next hundred years or so. That's a big part of why it seems like nobody's working to fix it: the consequences aren't immediate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:"
} |
Why is Hitler considered the most evil person ever when there are other leaders who have killed more people? | [
"The difference between Hitler and other genocidal tyrants is that he didn't just kill people; He BUILT A FACTORY to kill people. He had bureaucrats with clipboards coming down to make sure that people were being killed fast enough."
] | [
"Other deadlier events? The Holocaust killed 12 million people in a very intentional and systematic manner. They weren't \"collateral damage\" or anything like that, their deaths weren't side effects of war, people were methodically rounded up, arrested and sent to extermination camps to be shot or gassed to death,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when you stop drinking water? What happens to a dehydrated body? | [
"It also causes a massive drop in blood pressure which causes confusion and delirium as the brain begins to become starved of blood, which reduces oxgenation. Your kidneys begin to fail, due to the lack of perfusion, and this kidneys failure then causes toxins to build up within the body, once they reach a critical... | [
"Alcohol blocks the signal that tells your kidneys to retain water. Without the signal, you pee out more water than you normally would. This is also why you get a hang over. You're dehydrated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How come we can smell over people's houses and jackets and things, but we can never smell our own houses? | [
"Your gradually become acclimated to your environment and develop sensory bias. In ELI5 terms: Consider the following - you grew up in New York City and your friend in Death Valley. If you guys were to switch places, immediately your friend would complain about the snow and you would complain about the 120F weather... | [
"It depends on your exposure to the smell and the memories you've associated with it. Over time you get used to the stink of a skunk, for example, and after you're desensitized to the bad qualities, the good ones rise up. Eventually you're stuck thinking skunky roadkill smells like freshly brewed coffee. Also for t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Science:"
} |
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