query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How can astronomrs accuratly predict the path of a sungrazing comet if they aren't sure how much mass it'll loose grazing the sun? (/r/AskAstronomy x-Post) | [
"In a resistance free environment, momentum and its direction will remain constant regardless of mass changes. Therefore, the object will continue on its previous path. Same principle as dropping an elephant and a penny from a height in an airtight environment for example. They will both accelerate at the same rate... | [
"The manmade satelites that aren't in a graveyard orbit will eventually reenter the atmosphere and burn up. Eventually the ones in the graveyard orbit will too but that will be quite a while. There isn't enough matter currently orbiting the earth to form rings comparable to our solar neighbours, save for the moon. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does hot water look cloudy sometimes? Why would hot water from a faucet be cloudy, even tho it's crystal clear when cold? | [
"There are more dissolved gasses in your hot water than in your cold water. The water is under pressure in your faucet, but the moment it comes out, the pressure drops to atmospheric pressure, and the gasses begin to bubble out of solution."
] | [
"It's not the temperature of the water that matters it's where it comes from. Cold water is usually brought straight from the main or well and is fresh and safe to drink. The hot water can sit sometimes for days in your hot water heater which although should be sanitary it's not always the case. Also hot water can... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do programming languages work? | [
"[Here](_URL_0_) are some more threads that may help."
] | [
"Which language do you think would be the best to switch to?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Computers removing files | [
"The computer has an index of which file is located in what place on the hard drive. So the index might say that the file \"mysong.mp3\" is located on \"platter 4, ring 22\". When you ask the computer to delete \"mysong.mp3\", it just goes and removes that file from its index. Note that the bytes for the file are s... | [
"The space allocated for the entire program, it just becomes unmarked and available for rewriting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
"Part of this balanced breakfast." | [
"No you're misunderstanding a basic use of imagery to describe something. They show you all that food as what is part of a balanced breakfast. All those items are part of a balanced breakfast. Nobody is expecting you to eat all that and drink full pitchers of milk as part of a balanced breakfast. Its for visual pur... | [
"I think you must mean 'development.' \"What was the most effective military development?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do hotels sell the same room for different prices? | [
"Generally the same rooms at the same time are the same price. The same rooms sold at different times are often different prices. Time is a component in selling hotel rooms Hotels may also list the same room on multiple online sources at different prices, depending on how the specific setup for that online retaile... | [
"...and they use dynamic pricing software that monitors supply and demand, as well as prior sales trending, and squeezes every last dollar out of every seat. That's why it seems no two people paid the same price for the same ticket from point a to point b."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are only certain areas of the body (Bottom of feet, Armpit, Ribs) ticklish, but others are not at all? | [
"I've heard it's a way to practice fighting. Those areas are vulnerable, and we need to know how to defend them."
] | [
"> is there a difference between pimples on the forehead or chin or cheeks? Not really. A pimple is pretty much a pimple, no matter where it is. There are certainly other kinds of skin lesion, to be sure, but those too are what they are no matter where they occur, e.g., blackheads aren't pimples, but a blackhead on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why is "You're Welcome" a response to someone saying thank you? | [
"\"Thank you for your kindness\" \"You are welcome to my kindness, good sir.\" What you're welcome to is whatever you're thanking them for."
] | [
"Someone told them what the answer is supposed to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
According to Wikipedia, the Iraqi Army has a massive 283 000 active personnel. Why then, can they not defeat ISIS? | [
"[De-Ba'athification]( _URL_0_) in the early stages of the Iraq war ended up firing many career officers in the military, some of whom had experience fighting the Iran-Iraq war, Kuwait, first and second gulf wars. So most of the officers themselves are inexperienced, the rank and file soldiers don't really want to... | [
"The entire campaign (over 10 years or so) in Iraq cost the us around $1.7 Trillion. $5.6 billion is comparatively small for a mission there. The troops are going to be sent in to help fight against ISIS (or IS, or ISIL, take your pick) which has taken over parts of Iraq."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about current affairs:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about current affairs:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do carbonated drinks explode in the freezer? | [
"All drinks will explode in the freezer if there isn't enough room for the water in them to expand when it turns to ice."
] | [
"Once carbonated water gets into your stomach it is just as regular water. The canonization process does not remove any minerals or anything. It just makes the water more acidic. The only effects this have apart from the fizz and the taste is that it damages your teeth and causes you to burp more. There is no other... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Damage to eye caused by arc welding sparks. | [
"Hot matter emits photons. This is known as [black body radiation](_URL_0_). The energy of the emitted radiation given off is a function of temperature. While most things will emit in the infrared at room temperature, as the temperature goes up, they start to emit in the visible range. That's why really hot things ... | [
"Adrenaline kicking in for flight or fight response."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The Broken windows theory | [
"The basic idea of Broken Windows theory is that little signs of disorder around the neighborhood (such as a literal 'broken window', trash on the streets etc.) lead to citizen fear (people start getting scared of being the victim of crime), which then leads to withdrawal of non-criminals (social withdrawal from co... | [
"Apologies for no actual explaination but [Island of Stability](_URL_0_) article on Wikipedia has an interesting take."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the sight of a rat repulse me, while squirrels, who have the same basic size and shape, don't bother me and are even cute? | [
"Well squirrels generally don't traffic in your filth, being mainly arboreal rodents. Also a lot of people get turned off by the naked tail vs. big fluffy tail"
] | [
"They are alien to us. We can't attempt to read their body language or facial expression like we can with other animals. They make no sounds, and they move in ways we are not familiar with. They can be small and fast, making them even harder to track. They also hide in the dark and other places where they can't be ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that when we get struck by lightning, the rubber in our shoes doesn't stop the current like the tires on a car do? | [
"Because the tires of a car don't stop the current. Lightning actually flows around the outside of a car, and the majority of the current jumps from the car's metal cage into the ground below."
] | [
"They are all standing on electrical insulators. This means the electricity can't move through them into the ground. The last guy wasn't insulated so the electricity started flowing through them all to the last guy into the ground."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the difference between schizophrenia and thinking to yourself? | [
"Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that is characterized by abnormal social behavior and an inability to distinguish what is real. Hallucinations are a symptom of schizophrenia but the two are not synonymous. Having thoughts is also not at all the same thing as hallucinating."
] | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Quasars and their role in the universe. | [
"a \"quasar\" refers to the center of a galaxy that releases a lot of energy. It's generally agreed is' an extremely bright area around a super massive black hole in the center of the galaxy. As stuff gets pulled into the black hole it heats up an immense amount and that's the light that we see before it falls in f... | [
"The expansion of the universe is not limited to the speed of light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about astronomy:"
} |
When babies learn to walk, do they simultaneously learn to walk backwards as well, or do they have to learn how to do each separately? | [
"Humans have a preferred direction of motion, which is forward. This is both most necessary and easiest for us. It's even easier than standing still. Babies will learn walking forward first and then gradually expand their abilities. It's not like even adults are that good at walking in other directions."
] | [
"Just like how we learn to walk by putting one foot in front of the other as babies/toddlers. Eventually your motor functions get so good at these \"menial\" tasks from repeating them so much that you don't need to think about every individual step, just where you want to end up. I'm no expert though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did science prove that homosexuality was normal and not a mental disorder, thus removing it from the DSM? | [
"To be a mental disorder it has to be inherently detrimental to someone. Homosexuality is not. It only becomes detrimental when you put artificial social constraints on a person."
] | [
"It's possible these disorders existed at a similar rate in the past but just never were diagnosed. There was not as large an emphasis on mental health in years past as there is today."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a reverse mortgage? How does it work? | [
"The bank sends you money every month, depending on the terms you work out and based on what your house is worth. Then, the bank owns the house when the last person on the contract moves out or dies. Then they can sell it and get their money back. Hope that helps. And this isn't universal, but it's my general under... | [
"Traditional vs Roth IRA. The difference is when you pay taxes on the money. In a Traditional IRA the money you put in is tax-deductible but when you take money out (when you're in retirement) you have to pay income tax on it. Essentially, you're delaying taxation. With a Roth IRA the money you put in is not tax-de... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
"Everything was better when I was a kid" | [
"Because when you were a kid, you were largely unaware of the problems of the time."
] | [
"According to my father, it was all the bad things I did when I was a kid."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why software companies can't create uncrackable software? | [
"Because it is an endless loop. Basically though no matter how hard you try the software still has to be useable to the people who bought it. This means there has to be a way through, and as long as one exists people will figure out ways to fool it."
] | [
"Reasons to develop open source: 1) Because other people can use it and therefore it is useful for human progress. 2) Because people can then customize it for their own use, and look through the source code to ensure that they are not being spied on by inbuilt spyware or nagware 3) To practice and showcase their sk... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What did Debbie Wasserman Schultz do that has a bunch of people calling for her resignation? | [
"I think [this article from 2014](_URL_0_) sums up the general opinion of many Democrats about DWS, and it's really only gotten worse since then. She's basically out there for herself and is willing to ride whatever wave she thinks she can to promote her own political prospects. She's managed to alienate pretty muc... | [
"He was invited, though, by Speaker of the House, Boehner. The fact that this was done entirely without informing the White House is part of the reason why the Democrats are so up in arms over it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how is information transmitted wirelessly? | [
"Wireless and Radio are the same, they're both transmitted through the air as radio waves. A radio wave is essentially a form of light, but the wave length is so long our eyes can't detect it. You may not know it but our eyes can only detect a tiny bit of the total spectrum of light. [This](_URL_0_) picture illust... | [
"Light and radiowaves are both forms of electromagnetic radiation. They can both be used to transmit information, Fibre optic cables, your infrared remote on the television and many other technologies use light as the communication medium."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Physics:"
} |
What would happen if an organism had two Y chromosomes? | [
"It would completely depend on the species since not all organisms have sex regulated the same way. In humans, the X chromosome contains some important genes that are not present on the Y chromosome. As a result, a YY human could not develop. However, it would be possible to have a XYY human. This could happen nat... | [
"A complete copy of you DNA is in the nucleus of each of you cells. There is a few exception like red blod cell that lack a nucleus and sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do network service dead spots work? | [
"Your specific example is most likely due to the construction of the house. Cell phones use radio waves which can be blocked or reduced by lots of different things. In a house, the most likely culprit is plumbing (since it it usually metal) but even things like walls/floors/roofing can block enough of the radio sig... | [
"It has to figure out the best frequency with the closest exchange point (the box down the road usually), if you're not on fibre, it needs to measure the speed of the packets (data) and the amount of packets it can send at that speed through your cable. It will be competing against your neighbours demand, and the d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
What happens when a person overstays their visa in a foreign country? | [
"Many places don't do anything until the next time you apply for a visa. They check to see if you've ever had one before, look up the dates, notice the overstay, and deny giving you another one."
] | [
"A passport lets you leave a country. A visa lets you stay in a country."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do bottles of soda bubble like crazy when the cap is on, but stops soon after the cap is screwed back on? | [
"The gas is in solution and can only escape the liquid if the pressure is lowered by giving it all the space it needs to expand. Putting the cap back on leaves the gas with no where to go."
] | [
"To let you know if the bottle has been opened. The ring is barely attached to the cap and it sits beneath the threads, so normally, it doesn't come off when you unscrew the cap. That way, if you grab a bottle at the store and see that the ring isn't attached, you know it's been opened."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What happens in our brains when we momentarily forget something then it pops back up later on? | [
"The best answer I can give you is a CS idea called stack overflow. Basically, the brain has a \"shelf\" of information called short-term memory, and you store things you need to remember on that shelf. But, that shelf isn't infinitely long, so if you try to put too many things onto it, it'll overflow off and you'l... | [
"Because we most often remember things we were dreaming when awakened suddenly, big things happen all the time in your dreams, you just don't remember most of them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What exactly did SpaceX do that was such huge news? | [
"Stage 1's cost a TON of money. Basically, the Stage 1 in all previous missions was destroyed and landed in a random position in the ocean, and that means things were VERY expensive and unorganized. It's like, if you were going to buy flights to another country, someone would have to rebuild the entire plane from s... | [
"Because Kazakhstan is where the USSR built its launch facilities. It was the USSR that compete in the space race, not Russia. Russia just uses the facilities that are already built. And it wasn't Kazakhstan that launched a success. It was a joint mission to send supplies to the ISS (headed by NASA and the Russian ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do they get the bubbles inside an Aero bar? | [
"When milk chocolate is hot enough it becomes a thick flowing liquid. The manufacturer then pumps it with bubbles of air and whisks it to keep the bubbles distributed. afterwards it is poured into a mold and quickly cooled to harden the chocolate. finally the bar receives an extra coating to give it a clean exterio... | [
"I would assume it's the same concept as adding Mentos to your Coke. All of the dissolved carbon dioxide forms bubbles in the microscopic holes on the surface of the ice. That's why you can't put Mentos in the same Coke or in a flat one. The fizz has already escaped."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Global Warming and the Green Zone(please read more than title) | [
"You're not uncovering land that has soil with the necessary nutrients and broken down soil that allows plants to grow. You're uncovering barren rocks and what soil there is doesn't have any nutrients. Also for the most part what you are doing is: 1) uncovering water that is blue-green and absorbs much more heat fr... | [
"End of the world: No End of civilized society: definitely End of mankind: 50/50 Its all speculation though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can Tequila lower blood sugar if there's sugar in it? | [
"Really, any alcohol can lower your blood sugar for 2 reasons... 1) Your liver is what processes alcohol in your body. Your liver is also what creates glucose (sugar) for your body. So, if your liver is spending time/energy processing the alcohol in your system, it is spending less time/energy creating more glucose... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are so many elevators operating in a seemingly inefficient algorithm manner? | [
"An elevator traveling from the top has the potential to pick people up along the way and it won't needs to send a second elevator up for them."
] | [
"Driving with only one foot largely prevents you from accidentally pressing both the gas and brakes at the same time, which would not be necessary in basically any imaginable scenario. It ensures you're only using one pedal at a time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a mobile phone vibrate? | [
"A small electric motor has a weight attached to its axle, the weight is [mounted to off center](_URL_0_) so that the motor will shake when turning quickly. Note: normally mechanical engineers try hard to balance turning masses accurately, because imbalanced masses cause vibrations that then cause additional wear a... | [
"If you encase your cellphone in a ziploc will you still be able to hear it ring inside? Waterproof does not mean soundproof."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does a feedback loop in the brain between neurons affect a person in real life? | [
"Feedback reduces or enhances a stimulus. Positive feedback enhances a stimulus, but will eventually come to an end. Child birth is a good example of positive feedback. The body creates conditions that would usually be considered abnormal, but are necessary for that particular action. An example of negative feedbac... | [
"It stimulates the circuits in the brain that are responsible of recognizing speech."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How can I avoid sounding like a total prick when I tell people they've been fooled by hoaxes etc. | [
"ELI5 why this is an ELI5 question not an askreddit question? What complex concept are you hoping to have put into simple terms?"
] | [
"I'm sure there's several reasons, but the one comes to mind is the case of someone potentially being coerced, blackmailed, forced, etc to vote for someone they don't want."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the little rock things that form near our eyes in the morning ? | [
"Throughout the day you get tiny bits of dust on your eyes. Your eyes produce mucus which is used to remove these bits of dust by coating them in layers. They get washed out of your eyes by your tears and deposited in the corners of your eyes to dry out."
] | [
"Not an expert, but it might have to do with touching the very tiny hair on the skin of your nose."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
When immigrating, how is your credit established? Do you need to start from scratch or is your credit history transferred with you? | [
"Your wealth will transfer with you assuming you can get the money/goods out of the country you are immigrating from, but unless the country you are moving to has some kind of economic deal with your previous one your credit will not transfer and you will have to start over. Now depending on your wealth and job tha... | [
"Legally? Nothing. Your US credit score is your US score. However, when applying for a visa, many other countries will check your debt history, if it looks like you're running from debt, they'll deny your visa."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't guns in most video games sound like guns in real life? | [
"1) people already have a expected \"gun noise\" from movies . 2) nobody wants to wear hearing protection / go deft from playing video games."
] | [
"It might not be necessary in certain countries, but with the number of firearms and violence in the U.S., it would be pure anarchy if our police forces did not have firearms. Don't bring a knife to a gun fight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I'm a recent college graduate (19) I know nothing about acquiring credit or paying off my student loans. Since my parents couldn't seem to, could someone please explain it to me like I'm five? | [
"Credit history basically shows the world that you are responsible, and able to pay bills. This is useful for if you want to buy a car or a house, and the bank wants to see if they're able to loan you $300,000 without worrying about you paying it back The primary concern is having a long history of never going late... | [
"If you don't have car insurance you have to have car insurance to drive a car or you could face serious trouble. If you want to eat cheaply/healthily then learning to cook is useful, or you could get involved with someone else who can do that. Your taxes will be taken out of your income automatically, or sent to y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why would you jail someone for not making child support payments, if they definitely can't make payments from jail? | [
"To punish them. If they're already not making payments, putting them in a situation where they're not going to pay isn't going to mean you lose anything. Any jail is hardly the first response; you really need to mess up, bad, to go to jail for this."
] | [
"If they cannot pay it all now their wages will be garnished from now until the point that the debt is paid. Not all debts can garnish your wages, but governmental debts and legal fines can. These types of debts cannot be discharged via bankruptcy either. Odds are they will be paying for this crime for the rest of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How Do People Die of Starvation? | [
"> Why is it even though they're consuming food after the hunger strike, they still die of \"starvation\"? This is caused by something called [refeeding syndrome](_URL_0_). In a nutshell, reintroducing food into your system after a long period of fasting causes your body to ramp up insulin production. This kicks o... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does intuition works? | [
"It is kind of like how you can train a chicken to play tic-tac-toe. The chicken doesn't really understand what it is doing, but it does know that certain behaviors lead to a good outcome. It picks the right squares, it gets fed, happy chicken. Humans are the same way. Through trial and error, we learn a street wit... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do we like certain phenotypes? | [
"Did you grow up in a neighborhood/school system that had a lot of Mediterranean women? Because I've heard that we become attracted to the kinds of people that we see as we undergo puberty. i.e. Michigan has a lot of German/Scandinavian descended women. I grew up there, so I find those women more attractive."
] | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Biology:"
} |
How do TV series and movies make money from viewers on Netflix? | [
"Netflix pays to have TV shows and movies on the service. This is why they come and go. When the owner of a show asks for too much money, or wants to do their own streaming service (like Comedy Central does), the shows get removed. This is a big reason why Netflix pushes their own programming. It doesn't cost them ... | [
"The BBC collects a license fee paid by all households. This supports the network without influence from corporate interests. Outside the UK, viewers don't pay this fee but still have access to BBC online or through affiliates. These are not covered by the license and do have ads or require paid subscription. They ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some words that don't begin with a vowel sometimes have an 'an' before them, like 'historical'? | [
"Regarding H. H is what is often considered an aspirated vowel. Basically a vowel with a breath in front of it. It originally comes from ancient Greek where many vowels were preceeded by an h sound so \"o\" was generally pronounced \"ho\". When you are referring to a specific letter, the difference between using a... | [
"The two pronunciations of the word \"the\", that is, sounding like 'tha' or 'thee,' follow the same rule as \"a\" vs. \"an.\" When the *the* follows a vowel sound, you use 'thee' (ex. The Apple). And if the doesn't, you use 'tha' (The car). They are both only one word, however."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it easier to read on paper vs. a screen? | [
"Here is a link to an article describing how a University of Stavanger (Norway) concluded reading comprehension was higher with paper-based text than with computer screen. Perhaps this also raises editing proficiency? _URL_0_"
] | [
"Because their eyes are generally pointed away from the screen. They don't necessarily see what's happening on the screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do white blood cells teach each other when identifying new threats? | [
"White blood cells don't really “teach” one another about threats. That's what the *thymus gland* does, and it's much bigger in young humans and other animals because it's still “teaching” the immune system about threats. It shrinks with age because there's less to teach."
] | [
"Your immune system takes bits of pathogens into your lymph nodes, which use them to produce specialized tools to combat and target those pathogens. The cells that specialize and act as little factories to churn out the right tools stick around after the infection, providing you with lasting immunity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Medical:"
} |
why trains that use maglev do not break the conservation of momentum principle? | [
"They don't break it. And yes, the Earth gets pushed in the opposite direction However, the Earth is massive and doesn't budge much. Maglev or not this makes no difference"
] | [
"Well just like another plane it uses electricity to run the motor. I don't see how this wouldn't work (besides the fact that you'd need a lot of power) why do you feel like it wouldn't break the sound barrier?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is Germany taking so many refuges? | [
"As is the case in most \"Western\" states, our population is shrinking, yes. But we're not planning on keeping them here, really. So mostly we just feel obligated to help refugees in general, as humans, as one the richest nations, also at least in part because our older generations, those people that are in power,... | [
"1) The educated and experienced do not need to use the exemptions that refugees get in order to immigrate to another country. They can use the normal immigration process. 2) Russia supports Assad who is the reason for many of the refugees fleeing in the first place. So a lot do not want to go there. 3) China has... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What happens to positive equity if a car gets repossed? | [
"I worked at a \"Big 3\" car finance company. Laws can vary from state to state (in some states repossession is not even legal), but in most cases the value is far less than the equity. But it is true that if there is positive equity, it would go to the customer. Vehicles are not \"flipped\" per se, they are usuall... | [
"The bank sends you money every month, depending on the terms you work out and based on what your house is worth. Then, the bank owns the house when the last person on the contract moves out or dies. Then they can sell it and get their money back. Hope that helps. And this isn't universal, but it's my general under... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is marijuana still illegal in the US? | [
"A combination of private prisons lobbying for continued prohibition (nothing like ruining lives over a little pot to make a buck), over reacting fundamentalists who buy into the propaganda, and an unwillingness of elected officials to appear soft on crime"
] | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does almost every person I see afford cell phones and service in columbia if the poverty is so high? | [
"Cell phone and internet service is often drastically cheaper in \"third-world\" countries. You can get a cell phone plan for ~$10 USD/mo. or less. They can be a great aid to business and personal life and as such are often treated as a priority."
] | [
"People don't realize that our \"quality of life\" is significantly better than during that era. Even 20 years ago, we didn't pay for cell phone, internet, cable. Cut that out? That's $200 a month minimum. Even 20-30 years ago, a lot of people had 1 or 2 pairs of shoes. 2 sets of clothes (daily clothes, church clot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How can companies like stub hub charge the buyer AND the seller fees for resale tickets | [
"StubHub states that this is how they operate so they're not lying or hiding anything, and they are providing benefits to both sides of the transaction, so why shouldn't they charge fees to both? No different than buying a stock... when you buy, somebody else is selling and both have to pay a commission to their br... | [
"I assume that Ticketaster purchases those tickets from the artist or venue and then resells them. When the original source of the tickets then runs out of tickets the show is Sold Out. But you can still purchase tickets from a third party vendor (Ticketmaster, StubHub, etc). Ticket scalping is another thing all to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- Activated carbon and its ability to absorb smells | [
"Activated charcoal or activated carbon (two names for the same thing) is carbon that is [filled with holes](_URL_0_), like a tiny sponge, which gives it a massive surface area for it's volume. The surface binds with many oder chemicals because of van der Walls force which is the same thing that allows geckos and s... | [
"It is extremely porous and has a large capacity for adsorption, meaning substances (often organic macromolecules in the situations you describe) can stick to its surface and be bound up. Its doesnt have as high a capacity as some other materials, but is cheap and can be made with varying pore sizes to suit the sub... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
the situation going on at Mizzou | [
"I second this question. I've heard the stories on NPR, and done cursory web searching, but I'm not seeing what the deal is. 1) Somebody allegedly yells racist comments. 2) Swastica in feces in a bathroom 3) ???? 4) President forced to resign I mean, it sounds like there's gotta be something else going on. Some... | [
"you might. a lot of that stuff get trashed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why we never hear about terrorists from the country with the highest population of Islamic people. | [
"_URL_0_ _URL_1_ _URL_2_ Because Indonesian terrorists are focused on terrorism in Indonesia. Aside from the Vietnam War, the US has remained relatively aloof from Southeast Asia, so groups in those areas have little motivation to stage an attack on the US. In contrast, the US (through Israel and Saudia Arabia) hav... | [
"Well you just gave a perfectly fine example of the fact that the real underlying reasons for the great western military prescence in the Middle East is not to fight Muslim extremists."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about current affairs:"
} |
How is India poised to be a superpower in the coming decades? | [
"India will overtake China in the next decade or so to become the most populous country in the world. At the moment, the population of India is close to that of China. The economy is going fast in India and already one can speak of a middle class of at least 100 million people. And unlike China, India still has a... | [
"Could the rebuilding of Japan after WWII be considered a partial colonization by the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Lego so expensive? | [
"Companies exist to make money. They sell things (as far as they can) at a price which maximises their profits. LEGO could sell their stuff at a lower price, but you can be very sure that the price they're selling it at is carefully tuned to maximise profit. Any more and sales would fall, any less and the increase ... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Bedouins cover their whole body with loose clothing to protect from the heat. Why dоn't tribes from sub-Saharan Africa, Australia and other hot places do the same? | [
"I live in Southern Arizona so I know about living in a desert. I would never wear shorts. Loose, light clothes protect the skin. Think sunscreen you wear instead of apply. If the fabric is light and loose, it doesn't stick to the skin or make you that much warmer. This works in hot but arid areas. Humidity is a co... | [
"Different amounts of melanin in skin. People who live close to the equator have dark skin, in order to resist getting too much sun exposure. People who live at extremes of the equator have pale skin, in order to soak up as much sun as possible to avoid a vitamin deficiency."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If the moon is held by the gravity of the earth, shouldn't everything between them also fall back down to earth? | [
"Yes. Even the Moon is falling down to Earth. However the Moon is also moving sideways in relation to the Earth so it is constantly missing. Think of it this way. If you somehow ended up over a small river you get pulled down by gravity and would expect to be wet. However if you got to this point by jumping from on... | [
"So you are not heavier as you dig under the Earth's surface because as you go deeper there is more mass behind you pulling you back. If you were able to get to the exact center of the Earth you would feel weightless."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do movies and games have a rating system(G-R18) while books do not? | [
"A lot of books actually do have age restrictions, but they aren't advertised very well. The age limit can usually be found (at least on hardbacks) on the inside of the cover flap. It'll say \"recommended for ages 15 and up\" or something similar in small writing. A few paperbacks will have it on the back underneat... | [
"The US doesn't set the ESRB ratings. ESRB stands for Entertainment Software Rating Board. It is part of the game industry, not the government. Its purpose is to keep the censor and rating of games withing the Game Industry instead of having outsiders do it. As far as how the ratings go, companies will send demos ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why has mobile pay taken off in China but not so much in Western Countries? | [
"Not an expert, but I believe a key part of this has been a few things * the Chinese government pushing banks and organizations to adopt the platforms They do this for a few reasons, they're pushing to be as high-tech as possible in the eyes of the world, and it means more financial data is immediately available to... | [
"There is much greater adoption of public transportation in Europe than in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does this cheap LCD calendar that doesn't connect to the internet get the weather? | [
"I have a similar one. It measures pressure and predicts rain when the pressure drops quickly, Cloudy when the pressure drops slowly an sunshine when the pressure is rising."
] | [
"It doesn't need a data connection. There's a tiny battery that allows a little chip in there to keep track of time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is the American Social Security system broken and is there a version of Social Security that will actually work? | [
"When it was established, people died at a much earlier age, so they didn't have to pay out as much. These days people are living a lot longer, therefore getting paid out a longer period of time instead of what they were when the system was put in place. That's my understanding of it."
] | [
"Finland has a population that thinks its a good idea and will vote for people who put it in place. Basic income is expensive (the equivalent plan in the US would cost about 6% of the current federal budget), but certainly not impossible. The key difference between Finland and countries that don't have a basic inco... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did people figure out what was and what was not an element? | [
"They didn't (not initially). There are lots of cases where non-elements are considered to be elements. (I think that they had both \"Calcium\" and \"Lime\", the former is an element, the latter is a compound). but they were reasonably accurate at determining if something was an element. This accuracy increased ove... | [
"It is 100% a bunch of nonsense. There is no way the positions of certain planets relative to Earth at the time of your birth could affect your personality."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why can't we die in our dreams? | [
"Your brain has no idea what death feels like."
] | [
"Isn't it just another way to take your mind off it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health:"
} |
In most machines and appliances, why does an engineer choose, for example, a Philips head screw for one component but a flathead or hex for another? One would think that what matters are the specs of the screw itself rather than the head. | [
"The philips head is designed so the screwdriver slips out if you put too much torque (twisting force) on it. So you can safely screw it on full speed with an electric screwdriver, with no risk of breaking anything. The hex bolt doesn't slip out, so it's useful if you need to screw it really, really tight, or if th... | [
"Actually each type has different applications. Wood screws have wider threads and are tapered . Machine screws have no taper and consistent threads. Sheet metal screws have extreme tapered thread with slight tightening thread pattern at top. Deck screws have two different threads of the same shaft. Drywall screws ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How I'm productive at the library as opposed to being lazy and drowsy at home? | [
"Less distractions I guess and simply the act of \"going to the library\" forces you to change the way you're thinking about how you are going to spend your time. I had a similar thing in regards to working out at home vs working out at a gym. Much more productive at a gym."
] | [
"You can't fall asleep at night because you nap in the afternoon. Stop napping, as hard as it may be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Sleep and boredom:"
} |
How dental health contributes to cardiac health. | [
"Assuming you're five : If you don't brush your teeth then icky little things grow on them. Sometimes those icky things can spread and make other parts of your body sick, including your heart. So please always remember to brush your teeth, it's important for many reasons! Also don't inject heroin or cocaine becaus... | [
"It leads to many health complications such as high blood pressure and diabetes..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do we know when to use "a" vs "an" before an acronym? | [
"If it starts with a vowel sound, you use an. While RPG doesn't have a vowel as the first letter, it is a vowel sound (ar-pee-jee). An example of the opposite is USB. Its pronounced with a consonant at the start (yoo-ess-bee), so its a USB, not an USB."
] | [
"There's a rule with adjectives in English about how to form the comparative and superlative. Any adjective with one syllable forms the comparative and superlatives by adding \"-er\" and \"-est\" respectively. Any adjective with three or more syllables forms the comparative and superlative with \"more\" and \"most\... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Language:"
} |
Why are wind turbines spread so far apart? Wouldn't it be more cost effective to have more turbines in a smaller area on a wind farm? | [
"The blades of the turbine create a small amount of turbulence in the airflow. You want to place the turbines far enough apart that this turbulence has room to dissipate and not interfere with the air passing over the blades of another turbine."
] | [
"Wind turbines are all about size, bigger is more economic, not more (edit: not more of them. If a manufacturer/operator could choose, they would pick bigger size over quantity), so they're not cost effective in a subdivision. They also make a lot of noise, require quite a bit of maintenance, and space, kill birds,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Whats happening in my body when I really need to take shit but have no option but to hold it in, and then eventually the desparation subsides? | [
"Have you use the search function? The ELI5 rules clearly mentioned several times that you have to. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Every time I hold in a sneeze (like when I'm in a very quiet place and don't want to draw attention) I almost shit my pants. I literally can picture the sneeze working in reverse and trying to come out the other end."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Would shooting a missile at an incoming nuke still cause the explosion? | [
"No, nukes are incredibly complicated and require a bunch of very intricate explosions to occur with very specific timings. Blowing it up would just result in a ton of radioactive debris, but no where near as bad if it actually detonated."
] | [
"The explosion could have occurred, there just wouldn't be a huge ball of fire and noise accompanying it. The real problem would be that when the asteroid would get blown to pieces, those pieces would still be on course to Earth. And still be huge. In other words the bomb wouldn't actually have been very helpful. T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do I often see "301+ views" on youtube videos? Why 301? | [
"It was actually supposed to be 300 views, but there was an off by one error in the coding, and it's just stayed that way. They do this because they have to do a lot more verifying once it starts getting lots more views. It is explained really well [here](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"I believe top comment is one that's just got more upvotes, where best has the better upvotes to downvotes ratio. Top: 1000 for, 500 against. Ratio: 2/1 Best: 400 for, 10 against. Ratio: 40/1 Edit: 10 years out of school really makes math hard"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How far back does human history go? | [
"Human history goes back about 5 to 6 thousand years ago with the invention of writing. Anything that happened before the invention of writing is known as prehistory. So how far back does this prehistory go? Over 2 million years. Our species, Homo sapiens, belongs to the genus Homo. Biologists generally consider al... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
When launching a rocket, does a nation have to notify other nations so as to not be regarded as a missile launch? | [
"Explaining like I'm 3 because I'm no expert. But from my understanding each nation has a specific distance upward that remains it's own airspace, and it can do whatever it pleases there. Once the missile crosses the national border or launches to a height above its soveirgn airspace, it can become an internationa... | [
"They could, but that might be interpreted as an escalation by North Korea. Also, if they were to shoot down a missile, they better not miss. This was not an actual attack, but if an interception missed, it would signal to North Korea that Japan's anti-missile technology was unreliable and might make North Korea ev... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Purchasing Power Parity and why some analysts prefer it over nominal GDP when talking about a country's strength? | [
"In short...nominal GDP is just a number, and doesn't take into account prices (ie inflation). Take country A, which has a nominal GDP of 10,000 but everything costs $1,000. Now you have country B with a nominal GDP of 500 but everything costs 10. On the surface, A is better off since its nominal GDP is 20x bigger ... | [
"Well first i'd like to point out that the post on r/worldnews which you are referencing is misleading. The U.S. is still the world's largest economy. China now has the largest Purchasing Power Parity. This by no means says that China has a larger economy than the U.S. In terms of GDP (which is the accepted common ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do you feel hungry after smoking marijuana? | [
"When you’re hungry, your body naturally produces anandamide. Weed causes your body to produce anandamide, so your brain says that you are hungry. [Source](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Your body is telling you to quit smoking. Listen to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why chefs wear fancy pants | [
"It is a uniform. You see checkered pants, you instantly know that that is one of the kitchen staff. Also, the tight check pattern hides stains pretty well"
] | [
"Why do priests wear their collars backwards? Why do businessmen wear a strip of fabric around their necks that have no function? Why do chefs wear that puffy hat (when any hat would work)? I think labeling something as \"ridiculous is a bit subjective"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
The American conceptualization of freedom | [
"Freedom is important to us for it's own sake. It's not because it leads to X. To suffer free is more desirable than to be taken cared for with added restrictions. If it comes between material comfort, safety, health or freedom the last is most important. Compare the French \"liberty, fraternity, equality\" with th... | [
"First of all the idea of \"professionalism\" is modern. Secondly, the fashion of conciseness and directness is also modern."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are there so few games developed for current generation consoles compared to in the days of PlayStation 2? | [
"Not an expert, but a gamer I believe this shift could be caused by more people having access to pc's and phones, especially phones. You would be hard pressed to find a phone without any games installed. Not only are games extremely common on phones, but they are also alot cheaper and easier to make over a AAA titl... | [
"It had to be optimized for PC and next gen consoles (xbox one/ps4). PC's and xbox one/ps4 have more power than xbox 360's and ps3's. The creators of the game wanted to take advantage of this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What's happening to my body when i don't eat for 24+ hours and i am suddenly not that hungry anymore | [
"Your body is like,\" fuck it, we're tired of waiting for food, let's rummage around in here and see what there is.\" EDIT:Meaning, of course, that your body starts breaking down bits of itself for sustenance but hey, your stuff is funnier."
] | [
"Am i the only one who looses their appetite after drinking ? I tend to not even want food until like 3 pm the next day"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Can an electrical engineer do everything an electrician can do? | [
"Electrical engineers know *theory* but they don't know the details of how to actually run wires or build things to code. They've probably never actually had their hands on 90% of the wiring inside the walls of a house. They're completely different skillsets with only a minor overlap."
] | [
"In most cases, you will know a bit of every type of engineering if you get an engineering degree. The name of the degree is what you will specialize in. * **Chemical:** You will learn more chemistry than other majors. * **Biomedical:** You will be a mechanical engineer who knows a ton about biology. * **Mechanical... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does camera read QR Codes so accurately? | [
"The three black-white-black squares in the corners are used as points of reference. Once you have points of reference and their size for scale, it's really very simple to read the code."
] | [
"A QR code is just a way of encoding data visually. All data in computers is made up of little switches that are on or off. So for example 0 is represented by a off switch, and 1 is represented by a On switch. 2 is represented by an on Switch On and a Off switch (10) The QR Code is made of little dots. If the Dot i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What would patenting human DNA do good or bad for people? | [
"First, in the US patenting the actual DNA sequence is not eligible for patent per the Supreme Court case of *Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.* Second, companies would love to be able to patent specific parts of the DNA sequence because it allows them to prevent competition during the ye... | [
"I don't think there's much medicinal information we have to gain anymore from dead bodies, at least compared to living bodies. Because, you know, diseases and psychology. So really, I doubt all bodies going to research would make much of a difference, if any at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do our noses get runny after eating spicy foods? | [
"Your body has a great defense system to ridding itself of toxins and other maladies. When you get sick-you sometimes are met with a runny nose as well. Your body is trying to evacuate whatever irritant or contaminant that is causing discomfort. It floods the nasal passages with mucus prompting you to expel it from... | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
With nearly 5 Billion donated to cancer research and treatment annually, why does chemo still cost as much as $30,000 a month? | [
"I'm assuming you're in America because it sure as shit doesn't cost anywhere as much as that here. Because they can charge it. Because your insurance company doesn't have any bargaining power and has to pay it."
] | [
"Because everyone needs healthcare at some point. You literally can't live without it. Also, it costs Americans collectively something like half a trillion dollars a year. That's a huge expense amounting to 20 percent of all money spent in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is the end goal behind a virus, what is their motivation? | [
"Viruses don't have motivation because they can't entirely be said to be alive, but the viruses that create more of themselves die less compared to their lesser counterparts, so the end goal of a virus is to have as many versions of it in the world as possible, so a virus killing the host is exactly what it dosen't... | [
"The answer you are looking for and the answer the others are ignoring is; yes, there is a psychological element to thirst satiation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The sound my speakers make when my cell phone is close to them. | [
"Basically, it is your cell phone talking back and forth with the cell phone tower nearby. If I were to explain this to a five year old, I would tell them that normally, your speakers receive a special music signal from your iPod/TV/whatever. When your speakers recognize this signal, it converts it into an audio s... | [
"There are signals that tell your device to turn up the volume, but you don't hear those. As for the sound you are hearing it is simply to get your attention"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What makes scientists think that there is more than three dimensions? | [
"It's based on math. You need two dimensions to determine the location on a piece of paper, or plane. You need three dimensions to determine the position in space. the fourth dimension you can determine the position in space at any given time. What will blow your mind is getting you head around the fact that some ... | [
"There isn't an eli5 answer to this question. When you say \"What physically forced them together\" the answer is gravity. There's not really an answer to the question of how or why."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:"
} |
What happens when I lose consciousness? | [
"Your brain is compartmentalized. Different bits of it handle different tasks. When you lose consciousness, the part that handles being awake slows down to a crawl while some other parts are still partying like it's 1999. When you get knocked out, it is because the base of your brain gets jarred badly enough to sma... | [
"If you do it a lot, it could affect your lung capacity. Probably best to give it up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why the air humidity in an airplane doesn't condense on its windows? | [
"There are two layers of windows with a gap between them, providing insulation so the coldness outside the plane doesn't transfer to the inside layer. There are also dehumidifying air scrubbers for the air in the plane."
] | [
"It's all about the moisture in the air, if you have very little water to freeze, then the water wont condense and freeze on the grass."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Save the animals/Kill the animals (Awesome games done quick / AGDQ) | [
"At the end of every AGDQ, super metroid is run. There is a section during an escape sequence near the end where there are some animals that you can either let free (saving them), or leave them (killing them). People can vote one way or the other to pick which one the runner does."
] | [
"/u/CptBuck on Belly Dancing, \"The Streets of Cairo\" and late 19th century world fairs will probably interest you: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If you can't legally give consent for certain things, how can you commit a crime when you're intoxicated? | [
"You're right that most serious crimes require that the defendant have \"intended\" the outcome or at least have been grossly negligent with respect to the possibility that it might occur. This is called a \"mental state\" requirement. In general, the fact that you were drunk can be used to demonstrate that you la... | [
"Because they've given consent to it as a sexual act. However, if they somehow did it against their own will, then they could potentially sue themselves. Even under the age of consent, they are doing it to themselves. Plus, the only people who could sue in the name of their kid would be the parents. But again, the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does our body actually lose weight. | [
"You breathed it out. You inhale O2, you exhale CO2. That extra C matters. When your body is metabolizing, besides what comes out in your urine, most of what you're losing is being breathed out."
] | [
"Your brain is telling your body to make room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How are the warnings on asphalt/gravel trucks valid? | [
"> I don't understand how this would make you not liable It doesn't. The *law* makes them not liable, and the sign is just a reminder of that. Though I should definitely clarify that what the signs are referring to, and what the law covers, is **road debris thrown up by the truck's tires**. They are absolutely resp... | [
"The term you are looking for is asphalt recovery. Google has lots of very detailed information but in a nutshell yes there are machines and processes for recovering parts of asphalt roads. There are also asphalt and concrete recycling facilities."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do TV shows now divide themselves into yearly "half seasons" instead of yearly seasons? | [
"Fall spring is divided into two because usually there is more holiday programming, and in the case of the US football heads into the playoffs, which decreases viewership of competing shows. And by splitting it into two, they can potentially create more viewers through reruns between and hold onto viewers through c... | [
"Network TV in the USA has a pretty regimented schedule, running from fall to spring, with around 23 episodes per program, year after year. With this sort of regularity, it makes sense to call it a season. In the UK, programming is more irregular. *Sherlock*, for example, only did three episodes a year, once every ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the difference between a therapist, a counselor, a psychologist, a psychiatrist, a psychotherapist, and any other similar job title? | [
"A Psychiatrist is an MD, he is the only one who can prescribe meds A Psychologist is a PhD, they are the only ones who can administer psychometric tests like the MMPI. The can also do psychotherapy. A counselor generally holds a Masters degree and is either a licensed clinical social worker or a marriage and f... | [
"Psychologists and psychiatrists normally work together, more or less. A counseling psychologist will refer a patient to a psychiatrist if they feel the patient needs help beyond what the counselor can provide. For instance, if a psychologist has a patient that's schizophrenic they would refer them to a psychiatris... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are rainbows always in the shape of an arch? | [
"you may like [this](_URL_2_) please like the video instead of upvoting this comment, he deserves the \"karma\" not me"
] | [
"A rainbow is not a physical object; it is a visual phenomenon caused by the refraction and reflection of sunlight through water droplets. The colour you see depends on the angle between the sun, the water droplet, and your eye. Red light is reflected at 42 degrees, violet at 40 degrees. Stand facing away from the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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