query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What is a gun show and how does it work? Why are people opposed to them? | [
"A gun show is where vendors pay a event coordinator money for tables to sell their wares. It takes place at fairgrounds, meeting halls, and pretty much any space where there is room. People are opposed to gun shows because they believe you can buy anything there, illegal or legal with no paperwork. This is both tr... | [
"They provide services that the public requires and their failure might mean bad things for society as a whole. That's the argument at least. Not sure if I agree with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do many people eventually turn into their parents when they grow older, despite some actively trying not to? | [
"It takes so much introspection to let go of the traits embedded in someone by their youth, and it's often more than anyone is willing to do. I've spent 4/5 years in therapy to make sure I didn't become my parents. My sister (a year older) is a carbon copy of my mom."
] | [
"I think it has more to do with psychology than physiology: adventure is more important to children than comfort. Our priorities shift as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do electric toothbrushes charge with plastic on plastic pieces? | [
"[Inductive charging](_URL_0_). Much like in a transformer, the charging station creates an electromagnetic field. The toothbrush then converts that back to electrical current."
] | [
"I currently use a Philips Sonicare. It cleans better than a cheap electric tooth brush and the vibrations are less course. So the difference between a cheaper and more expensive electric toothbrush is the method it uses move the bristles and the cheaper ones tend to be cruder. my dental hygienist noticed when I sw... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is a revealing outfit that doesn't quite bare all often so much more attractive than a completely nude body? | [
"For the same reason that things like burlesque and stripper shows are popular. It's about anticipation and tantalisation. While the body is covered up, your imagination is running wild. Even the most flawless body is still just a body. Your imagination is always more powerful. EDIT: general useless spelling."
] | [
"Women don't want the line of their underwear to be visible when they wear a dress that is going to be photographed six hundred times. They want to look perfect, have the media talking about how they \"owned\" the red carpet. Any imperfection means they get less attention. If they are going to be a disaster, they a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does the wind typically pick up during the middle of the day and die down in the evenings? | [
"Wind is the phenomenon caused by moving air. Air moves when there's a pressure differential in the atmosphere. One cause of pressure differential is the sun heating up the air and the ground that heats the air. Earth is mostly powered by the Sun."
] | [
"Because that's the definition of winter. If you're asking why the winter solstice isn't the coldest part of the year (i.e. why is winter colder than fall), it's because it takes time for the sun to warm things up, and it takes time for things to cool off. So just like why the hottest part of the day is a few hours... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- the Japanese writing system including kanji, hiragana and katakana | [
"Basically it goes like this: Hiragana is used to spell out Japanese words, just like the Latin alphabet. But instead the alphabet is strictly syllables, not consonant sounds. Katakana is used to sound out foreign words. Like hamburger = hanbaagaa. But acts just like hiragana. Kanji is the 2000 complex characters t... | [
"Chinese and Japanese both have a romanized alphabet (Pinyin/Romaji). Also Japanese have a alphabet similar to most Romanized alphabet, where there is a set amount of characters and combinations of them makes words, (Hiragana/Katakana) which Japanese school children use before they learn how to read Kanji. The Bra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why does THIS happen...? | [
"the comments were removed because they were off topic and not appropriate for the comment section of the post. Many many subreddits do this because they want to keep the comments section actually relevant to what the post is about. Like a post of cute kittens shouldn't be about how roast beef is properly cooked. t... | [
"\"Everybody knows\" ... I didn't know .. :("
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When saline or other medicine is given to patients through vein. Doesnt it dilute blood? If does, how body copes with it. If doesnt, why not ,what is the mechanism. | [
"Yes, it does dilute blood, but there are lots of factors in play. One very major point is that you don't just \"give\" fluids. They are only given when the patient needs them - i.e. they are dehydrated, tanking their blood pressure or unable to drink. So when given medically, you are replacing the water that woul... | [
"Usually it isnt. It's dissolved really quickly. That's why nurses in hospitals don't really care too much about it. It's only a problem when a large amount of air gets into the heart or brain. Then the air replaces the blood in various arteries very and can't be dissolved easily."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do Catholic schools, who teach about creation, also teach about evolution? | [
"The way it was taught to us was that the Bible was not supposed to be taken literally. There was overwhelming evidence in support of evolution that was simply not available during the time the bible was written."
] | [
"Which church? There's literally thousands of them. Assuming you're talking about the Catholic Church, they are on board with evolution, although I don't know the official stance on the size of the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is "bile duct growth" and how does it cause death? | [
"You have a liver. It looks like a tree inside. It's got a cool name called the \"biliary tree\". The branches are called \"bile ducts\". Unlike a tree, good stuff (bile) that helps you turn food into energy flows from the tips of the tree down to the branches into a big tube into your stomach. If the branches get ... | [
"It's called jaundice and it implies liver failure. It also occurs in babies under six months old because their liver hasn't fully developed before birth. It's not a serious condition in infants but it is one in adults often leading to needing a liver transplant. Jaundice in adults is caused by a number of illnesse... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How come after you successfully pull an all-nighter, after being exhausted the whole night, you regain full energy a few hours into the day? | [
"Because you're young. Enjoy it. In a few more years, it'll fuck you up for a couple days."
] | [
"Depends. What kind of waking up are you talking about? The one where you have no chance to go to sleep again (insomnia style) or more like waking up, realizing it’s still bed time, rolling to the side and going back to sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and fatigue:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Sleep and fatigue:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Biology:"
} |
When an update in any software states e.g. "Updated from: 3.6.2.1 to 3.6.3.0", what do different 'decimal places' mean? What is the scope of the change if a particular 'decimal space' is updated? | [
"It's really going to depend on the versioning methodology implemented by the software's author. One commonly used versioning scheme is known as [Semantic Versioning](_URL_0_): the leftmost digit refers to the Major version, the middle digit to the Minor version, and the third to the Patch level. The Major version ... | [
"The previous _released_ version was 10166. In between there were internal builds that might be either part of daily business (eg. builds for testing purposes) or got rejected for some other reason. In the company I work for, the build number usually counts the number of commits, though I would assume for Windows ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are two-way mirrors called TWO-way mirrors if the entire purpose of them is that they only let you see through them in one direction? | [
"They are sometimes called two way mirrors, because in truth you can see through either side, what matters is which side is brighter and which side is darker in terms of lighting. The dark side can see through to the bright side, but not the reverse. These mirrors are referred to as both two-way and one-way mirror... | [
"The glass is a partial mirror; the shiny finish on it reflects MOST of the light, but allows some of it to pass through. The trick is for the police or observers to stay in a dark room; if they turn on the lights the person on the other side will be able to see them, because the mirror lets some light through."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do both the federal government and state/local governments have laws governing marijuana use even though the tenth amendment prohibits it? | [
"AFAIK the controlled substances act is valid federal territory by way of the commerce clause (i.e. interstate commerce is regulated federally). You don't really see the DEA going and busting the guy selling drugs on the street. They target large operations that distribute drugs broadly and over borders, be they be... | [
"Marijuana is prohibited under federal law, but state law is an entirely different matter. If a state allows the prescribed use and regulated sale of marijuana, then it is not a crime in the eyes of any state official. Federal law enforcement agencies, however, are able to enforce federal anti-drug laws, but they m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The game of cricket, and how/why can the games go on for days | [
"You are talking about \"test match\" cricket. Which is the longest kind. They have one day cricket and 20-20 cricket which is more like the length of a sport we are more familiar with. In test match cricket each batter stays up until the other team takes their wicket. That is a little piece of wood balanced on so... | [
"With football, they're the best in the world at American football because nobody else plays it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do seniors find things like history, museums, etc. fascinating while younger people don't? | [
"Because they have perspective on how history has impacted them. They have lived a life. Therefore it is easier to grasp the importance of the bigger picture o how we got to where we are."
] | [
"Kids are more interested in playing/learning than they are in resting. It it was the other way around they'd rest all the time and never learn anything"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why can my city ban carry and concealed fire arms in public places when the states allows it? | [
"Because your state law allows municipalities to place those restrictions. Some states word their code so that municipalities cannot restrict concealed carry in this manner."
] | [
"its as simple as it sounds if its visible its open carry, if you're hiding it on you somewhere not visible its concealed most states allow open carry as long as you can legally own a gun most states require a permit of some sort to conceal it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
- What are your rights to protect yourself from obvious police brutality? | [
"(US) You essentially do not have any rights to defend yourself against police. In 99 % of situations if you do anything to resist or fight back against a police officer you will only get in further legal trouble. And that 1%, you are going to have a very long legal battle in court to prove that you were defending ... | [
"Poor and corrupt police and legal systems mean that people can get away with various types of fraud, like insurance fraud. People also are afraid of corrupt law enforcement. Having a video record of what happened prevents you falling victim."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In the US, why is mandating car insurance for all cars ok but mandating health insurance for humans not ok? | [
"Car insurance is only mandated if you want to drive, which is a voluntary activity. Don't want to buy car insurance? Get a bike. Walk. Get a segway. Take a taxi. Take the bus. Who cares. There are other ways you can get around. With health insurance, it is required if you are alive. That's it. Beyond the exemption... | [
"It's not really a giant health insurance plan, it's a bunch of reforms to the health care system, one of which being an online marketplace where you can buy private health insurance. The main issue that Republicans have is that one of the reforms is that having health insurance is now mandatory, and there will be ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do rims look like they're rotating backwards when a car is going fast? | [
"It's an optical illusion called the Wagon Wheel effect. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Looking at the segment as 1:10 I'd say that the camera is mounted on an arm which is connected to the snowboarders helment. Which can rotate freely. Inertia keeps the camera in the same position while the snowboarder spins around. Kind of like how if you stir liquid in a glass it will keep going after you've stopp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why/how alcoholism is considered a disease? | [
"Via Wikipedia: 'In humans, \"disease\" is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems for those in contact with the person.' Alcoholism absolutely causes dysfunction, distress, social problems, and... | [
"What we consider to be normal behavior or the normalization of behavior is usually very conscious and the result of effort. Remove inhibitions from the equation and personality differences become more exaggerated between individuals and less consistent within a particular individual. Source: My mom is an alcoholic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about alcohol and behavior:"
} |
Why are women seen as lesser beings in Muslim and Orthodox religions and certain cultures? | [
"The simplest answer is that they often stem from very patriachal societies, and being very conservative religions they do not change quickly (if at all) so that highly patriarchal part has stayed. Remember that the entire Western civilisation has been far more patriarchal than it is today and the cultural shift th... | [
"First of all, you have to realize that Saudi Arabia or ISIS don't represent the vast, varied, and complex religion that is Islam. Many women don't wear the hijab, or other veils. Of those that do, many choose to do so, and see it as empowering, rather than oppressive. With that said, in places like Saudi Arabia, i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do people need to sleep with blankets even if it's incredibly hot? | [
"It's simply a question of familiarity and the comfort of what you are used to."
] | [
"Your body temperature decreases to initiate sleep. The recommended temperature for a good night’s sleep is 60 to 67 degrees. That’s a lot lower than what I think most houses are at right now. So if your house feels too warm and you’re noticing it when you lay down for bed that’s probably why. I know the first sign... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the deepweb? What is the dark web? What is the difference? How does one access them and what is on there? | [
"The deep web is simply content hosted on the web that is not easily or publicly accessible (unless you login into an account or have a direct link). It basically refers to content on the web which is not indexed in search engines (e.g. your bank account information). The \"deep web\" comprises a very large percent... | [
"Technically, the deep web is anything that isn't directly indexed by a search engine. The summary of an article may be indexed and easy to read, but if the site then asks you to pay or register to read the full article, then that article is part of the \"deep web\", because you can't get to it directly. If you nee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a magnifying glass held under the sun cause a fire? | [
"The lenses focus the light from the sun to a small point. That point gets all the heat that would have been spread out over a large area. This causes it to heat up until it reaches the burning point."
] | [
"The lens in your eye focuses the light entering your pupil onto your retina. The intensity of the focused light hitting your retina is therefore much higher than the intensity of the light when it first enters your eye. This concentrated light can therefore burn and damage your retina. & #x200B; It's sort of like... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does the president or congress have more influence over balancing the US federal budget? Which party has a better track record of balancing it? | [
"Congress. Congress makes the budget and passes it. The President approves it and can make recommendations, but ultimately it's Congress that controls the budget. The last time the budget was balanced we had a Democrat as President and the Republicans controlled Congress."
] | [
"To put it in simple terms fiscal just has to do with government spending & revenue. You may hear or read the term 'fiscally conservative' which is the view on how the government should spend their money, which generally means reducing the government spending and basically reducing the national debt. Fiscal conserv... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
In professional wresting, how do they make the wrestlers "bleed"? | [
"Razor blades under the ring. They cut a \"dead spot\" just under the hairline. Dead spot meaning no nerves. Bleeds a lot but it's mostly superficial."
] | [
"When you go to the movies, you suspend disbelief in order to believe that Groot and Rocket are on a grande adventure. When folks watch Wrestling, they suspend disbelief in order to believe that those are superhuman wrestling champions. It's entertainment of the beat-em-up-take-em-down type."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do services like Google and Facebook deal with the gigabytes of new data they receive everyday? Is there a guy just ramming hard drives in servers all day? | [
"It's a lot bigger than 'a guy' ramming hard drives...but yes, I think they just keep expanding their storage. My current screen saver is a photo of room in one of Google's facilities. The room is just for the cooling and heating requirements of servers at the facility. _URL_0_"
] | [
"All the data you download requires a lot of behind-the-scenes support, and *someone* has to do that work. It's not as simple as just running a cable from your house to the Internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Why do so many spacestations on tv and movies have the same circular shape with a pod in the middle? Does this serve any real purpose? | [
"In order to easily create artificial gravity you can simply rotate the space station around the central axis (probably the center of the pod)."
] | [
"Let us compare a nautical ship with a space ship that is represented in sci-fi. * The ships are quite large, and travel through large distances of empty space. * The ships require a large amount of crew. Furthermore, each crew member has a specific duty, such as navigator, pilot, engineer, gunner, cook, etc. * T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What makes makes a swear word so offensive? What is offensive, for example, about the word "fuck"? | [
"From what I know, it seems to be a bunch of arbitrary elitist horse shit that dates back a few centuries. Consider the word \"vulgar\". Aside from its modern meaning, its original meaning was along the lines of \"common\", as in \"commoner\". \"Vulgarity\" was the way common people spoke, and as such, it became of... | [
"In my experience there is no difference in meaning. Any form of \"dammit\" is used to avoid actually writing the word \"damn\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Linguistics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Linguistics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does blowing on embers make them burn better, but blowing on candles puts them out? | [
"A candle wick doesn't actually burn (very much). That's why candles can burn for so long. What is burning is vaporized wax. The heat of the flame melts the candle wax, it is pulled up the wick, and it vaporizes due to the heat of the existing flame. When you blow rapidly on a candle, you blow most of the vapor ... | [
"They are coated with a petroleum or tar substance which is what burns. Here is a fun experiment: get a metal tray and some cotton balls. Try burning a cotton ball. Now dip one is rubbing alcohol and light it. Burns hot and fast, eh? Now smear some Vaseline on one and light it. Now it burns a long time. Kind of soo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
How are we able to perform experiments or gather data on things in the universe that are so far away? | [
"We can't perform direct experiments, but we *can* see things that are far away. And we can make predictions based on what we see, or combine that with other bits of science. For instance, we know that different elements have different emission and absorption spectra (that is, each elements will emit certain freque... | [
"The only way we could see an image of the past earth would be if it were reflected back to us. If there was some gigantic mirror out in space then we could look at it to see what the Earth looked like in the distant past. But, for many reasons, this isn't practical. But, we can't directly catch up with the image o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why Sketch artists are so important at court cases? | [
"In the UK, no cameras are allowed inside the courtroom. However TV news needs to have something to show while they talk about the case, so they use artists. The artists aren't actually allowed to draw inside court, they make notes and use their memory to draw the scene outside of the courtroom. This is the case f... | [
"Why does it cost money to get divorced? Because it's worth it!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why in the English language do we use different letters or combinations of them to make the same sound | [
"r/linguistics Whenever we talk about words in any language, we have to go study the etymology of the word to figure out why we pronounce, spell, or use that word in the modern fashion. As an example, the \"box/rocks\" question you've posed suggests two things. The first being different origin languages, and the se... | [
"Not all languages have the same grammatical constructs as English. Latin didn't have all the letters of modern day english, it was missing the J and W, and had the I and V in their place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What causes humans to imagine hearing names, or voices in general, while showering? | [
"It's definitely your brain. The human brain is made to recognize patterns very well. The shower is an environment with lots of ambient, meaningless noise that involves mindless activity. Given noise and a wandering mind, the brain will pick out information that isn't there, \"hearing\" a voice that isn't there."
] | [
"Voices in your head (just you thinking) aren't bound by a personality and you will be the one who controlls that voice. If you hear voices that aren't your own thought (Schizophrenia) you will be able to link a personality to those voices and the voice will sound like you heard it with your ears instead of hearing... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do filmmakers keep using the Wilhelm scream? It seems super unprofessional to me. | [
"It's a running in-joke for the industry. There is nothing \"unprofessional\" about it - many creators like to put little secrets (aka easter eggs) and nods to other works in their creations."
] | [
"It's a bad movie with a bad script and, somehow, actors usually considered good. It's lameness, coupled with the effort taken to actually produce and distribute the thing, make it a unique candidate for recognition on an Internet that likes laughing at people who try too hard. That's my take on it, any way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a real feminist? | [
"Technically, what you are encountering are individuals practicing misandry under the guise of feminism. Feminism itself is supposed to seek equality for all genders, but in particular for women. I tend to prefer the term humanist, as it holds no perceived gender bias, and also covers a more broad movement for equ... | [
"Why did you think this was the right sub?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is it theoretically possible for earth to be STD free in a generation if everyone stopped having unprotected sex? | [
"If everyone stopped having unprotected sex, the human race would end in a generation. So, from that perspective, yes, no more STDs."
] | [
"For women: Women are needed for reproduction and rebuilding of the human race. One male can impregnate a lot of females to ensure that life goes on. If there is only one female and hundreds of males, re-population isnt going anywhere fast. For children: They are the future of the human race and naturally have a lo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does rolling down only the back windows of a car cause a strange sound vibration throughout the car? | [
"It has to do with something called Helmholtz resonance. It's the same principle that a flute works under, or when you blow across a bottle. When you open a single rear window the air pressure from the car is escaping and then being pulled back into the same window. This creates the repetitive \"thumping\" noise th... | [
"The air inside the vehicle is moving as fast as the vehicle itself, otherwise you'd be feeling 90kph winds while driving down the highway with your windows closed. The air also moves the insect at the same speed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If Haribo sugarless gummy bears are as bad as most people say, why are they still in production, and who buys them? | [
"I'm a type 1 diabetic (Jonas Brothers or Jay Cutler, not Paula Deen) and try and avoid candy. I buy the Haribo sugarless gummies because they won't screw up my glucose levels like regular kinds do. I only eat like a handful at a time."
] | [
"Because people buy them. If everyone started following that recommendation and bought soft bristle brushes the others would disappear from shelves as companies stopped making them. What doctors and dentists recommend doesn't matter much to most people, if it did cigarettes, soda, and a ton of other things would ha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do advertisers on TV have different editions of commercials to air according to what happens in sporting events? | [
"Sure. I remember when the Patriots were going for their perfect season in... '07? '08? and there was some commercial that had a bunch of the '72 Miami dolphins in \"Perfect Season Land\" or something (the '72 miami dolphins are the only team to have a perfect season) and I saw two versions of the ad. One that incl... | [
"A TV networks main goal is to have people watch the ads in between their shows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the drinking age in america higher than other country's? | [
"Because in the 60s and 70s there was a rash of drunk driving fatalities caused by drunk teenage drivers. There were pretty much two choices available -- raise the drinking age, or raise the driving age. I think they made the right choice. And say what you want about the decisions, but the results are clear -- drun... | [
"21 goes back to English law in which one could then become a knight and vote and was considered to be \"of age\". The United States passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 which basically says that states have the ability to set the minimum drinking age, but if its below 21, they will lose a percentag... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If musical scales of the same type (e.g. the major scales) sound the same but a different pitch, why are complex scales used over the simplest one? | [
"When you call the other keys \"complex\" you have a piano keyboard in mind. Different instruments have different \"default\" keys, some don't have any (i.e. I play a guitar-like instrument with muted open strings, and there's absolutely no difference playing Bb major, C major and E major scales apart from shifting... | [
"An octave is divided into 12 equally spaced notes, and only after that do we pick out scales. Western music theory specifies scales with 7 notes with very specific spacings between them as sounding the best and most useful for making harmonically functional music. With these spacings, B can slide smoothly up to C ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
North/South Korea conflict and US intervention on it | [
"In the 19th century, Japan conquered and colonized Korea. After the second world war, the Allies determined that Korea should be independent of Japan. The Soviet Union occupied the northern part, the US the southern. Both the US and the Soviet Union started setting up (puppet) governements in their zones of contro... | [
"The Russians and Americans attitude to economics due to their different histories are fundamental to their approaches to the world in general and their attitude to each other at the start of the cold war in particular. For more information on this - _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do I know not to roll off my bed when I'm sleeping? | [
"Your reflexes are still active when you are asleep. If, while rolling over, you feel the edge of your bed, the reflexes that keep you from falling force you to move away from the edge. However, if you are, say, very drunk, this reflex may not kick in, and you could fall off the bed."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How can the US owe money to China and China owe money to the US at the same time? | [
"It is the residents of the countries which hold the debt. The debts have different terms. China firms probably have short term debt for purchases. This will be paid quickly, in a week or at most a few months. United States debts in the form of US treasury bonds is often listed as years. The bonds will mature years... | [
"Bonds are bought/sold/traded on the open market. The US issues bonds at auction on the open market and doesn't care who buys 'em. China actually only owns about $1.179trillion in US bonds, which is about 17% of our debt - a lot of money to be sure but nothing to worry about. If China started selling off US bonds i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If most Youtube Ads can be skipped after 5 seconds, why don't advertisers start making 5 second ads? | [
"Sometimes I watch the rest of the ad because the first five seconds caught my attention. So I don't know, but if you utilize your 5 seconds wisely you can drag people into your 30-second spot. Also, I've seen 4-minute ads. That's really…"
] | [
"Commercials are ads too, they're just a specific type of ad that happens to have a specific name. Calling them advertisements wouldn't be incorrect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do people and animals die from wild forest fires? Do they really spread that fast or just creep on you until it's too late? | [
"They can potentially spread very quickly ([this](_URL_0_) story has the fire advancing at up to 19 mph, which is much faster than a human can run). You also have the danger of sparks being blown by the wind and starting fires ahead of you, so you can end up with fire closing in on you from all sides."
] | [
"It's God punishing a state full of sinners. Just kidding. It never rains. Has long stretches of hot weather. And lots of trees. Wildfires are a natural occurrence. Before man they would happen, burn out all the undergrowth, and then life would continue on. Nature's way of recycling. Now, we try our hardest to exti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why haven't prions infected every living system/organism, around 1 billion / 500 million years ago? | [
"They maybe have infected everything already. The thing is we only notice the ones which are really bad. The limiting factor for such really bad prions is that they kill their host. If the host dies too quickly then the prion would see a decrease in its ability to spread. It's similar to the thin line which most pa... | [
"Because it's reasonable. _URL_0_ Estimate 100-400 billion stars in our galaxy, perhaps 100-500billion galaxies, means between 10 sextillion and 200 sextillion stars. Say 8000 grains of sand per cubic centimetre, estimate 700 million cubic meters of beach in earth, yields an estimate of 5 sextillion grains of san... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Science:"
} |
my work mate has a question about hydrogen cars so I posted it for him here. Thanks all. | [
"Nope, that's mostly not how it works at all. > Cars that run on hydrogen cells, make water as a byproduct, all the electrons are returned to the hydrogen molecules at that point. Yes, the electrons flow through the car and water is produced. > You make hydrogen cells by using a catalyst to separate the hydrogen... | [
"I do this a lot, too. I'm just here for an answer. Thanks for asking."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
If we face the hubble telescope to earth what would we be able to see? | [
"It's not in geosynchronous orbit, meaning it doesn't stay above the same piece of land as it moves around the Earth. Because of this, the Earth is whizzing around very fast beneath the telescope (more accurately, the telescope is whizzing around very fast above the Earth), and any pictures at this close of a range... | [
"Judging from the answers, I don't think I am able to get my point across, so my apologies. I get that what we see happened millions of light years ago and that we might be able to see the forming process of stats and galaxies etc. What I mean is this : Consider that there is a star just outside the observable univ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Physics:"
} |
Why is pi irrational when pi is a ratio of circumference to diameter? | [
"A rational number is a ratio of two integers. Pi is irrational which implies that you can’t have a circle with an integer diameter and circumference."
] | [
"My previous comment got removed by the automod for being to short, so I guess I will elaborate. 57.3 degrees = 1 radian. Degrees are a pretty arbitrary way of defining an angle. Radians are more useful in scientific contexts as they have an easy interpretation based on arc length. Take a circle of radius one. The... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
. Why all cell phone cameras make the 'shutter sound' and there is no option to turn it off? | [
"In some jurisdictions the shutter sound is a legal requirement to help prevent people from taking compromising pictures of unsuspecting persons without the victims knowing about it."
] | [
"I think the real reason is so that you can't turn the brightness down so low that you can't see the screen to turn it back up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The correct use of 'whom' | [
"If you can replace the word with “he”’ or “’she,” use who. If you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom. Or even easier, answer a question with those words. Who would like some ice cream? He would like some ice cream. To whom is that letter addressed? The letter is addressed to her. Who would like some ice ... | [
"For to/too, I say that if you're talking about someone doing a similar thing, it's too, and if you're talking about a destination/journey it's to. e.g. 'I'm going to the shops.' 'Me too.' For effect/affect, I use RAVEN (Remember, affect verb, effect noun). For who/whom, if you can replace it with 'he' or 'she' it'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
You brush with a brush. You comb with a comb. So why do you sweep with a broom? | [
"You actually can [broom with a broom](_URL_0_). And of course you can scrub with a brush or straighten your unkempt hair with a comb. Generally speaking, verbs tend to derive from nouns (think of \"to comb\" as kind of shorthand for \"to use a comb\"). Much like googling was derived from Google. In the case of a ... | [
"You need to exfoliate better. Or shower more often. Grab a wash cloth or loofa and wash, don't just use your hands."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is the sales tax designed to target the poor? | [
"You are correct that sale tax disproportionately affects those who spend a larger part of their income in a year. However, income tax is also a thing and it disproportionately affects those who earn more in a year (through salary at least). Similarly, property tax costs more for people who have more valuable real ... | [
"Protectionism. The law is meant to protect the jobs of gas station attendants."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why does the sky sometimes turn green when a storm is coming? | [
"It's really cold up high in the sky. If a storm is REALLY strong, the clouds will get so cold that they will freeze, like the ice cubes in your refrigerator. Ice takes the red light out of the sky, and what is left over is yellow light and blue light. Yellow+Blue=Green, and so strong storms (especially with hail) ... | [
"If there is a red sky in the morning, it means there is a lot of cloud reflecting the sun. A lot of cloud usually means bad weather heading your way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can Tardigrades survive in +100°C temperatures, but boiling water kills bacteria and other organisms? | [
"Tardigrades have to be hibernating first, which takes away a lot of their water. They also don't live very long in 100C temperatures, as opposed to some bacteria which can actually survive for a long time above 100C."
] | [
"They do not have specific adaptations for surviving radiation, but they are pretty tough little bugs that can survive injuries, starvation, etc. Insect biology just handles radiation damage better than mammals and things, mainly because they're much simpler than vertebrates. There are arthropods that can survive ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:"
} |
The whole "Plastic Snowball" thing that's going around. Should snow melt if tightly compressed or is there a scientific reason the snow isn't melting and turning black? | [
"The snowball isn't tuning black, the snowball is collecting soot from products of incomplete combustion. The soot further insulates the snowball from further melting, combined with the high specific heat of water which makes it hard to melt with a tiny heat source"
] | [
"Looking at the papers, we don't know yet. There are some theories, but none of them are backed or seem super credible, but the simplest one is that the \"soup\" that the caterpillar turns in to is less soupy than we thought, the neurons just stay lightly stuck together."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do magicians keep their big magic tricks secret? | [
"> Wouldn't they need a team of engineers to keep quiet about it? Yes, and they have those people sign documents promising not to tell how the trick works under penalty. Beyond that, an engineer who has a habit of disclosing client secrets won't get any work in the future. It is in their best interest to keep quiet... | [
"There's no real way to answer this one in ELI5, unfortunately, because every trick has a completely different explanation, and also because I'm not really one to reveal methods like that. One good way to look at it though, is this (paraphrasing Penn Jillette): You're willing to spend half an hour trying to figure ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What makes a country a third world vs a first? Are there second world countries? | [
"It started off being US, UK, France etc, the western Allies basically, the anti-Russians were called First world, Russia and soviet block countries, those in it's sphere of influence were 2nd world, and the rest were 3rd world. Now it refers to how developed the country is. Modern western countries are still 1st w... | [
"The United States are *not* the wealthiest or most advanced country on the planet. And what exactly do you mean by anxiety?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that -- even when the weather is consistently clear, sunny, and not windy -- it can still be 70 degrees one day and 90 degrees the next? | [
"Your answer is probably in the Jet stream, assuming you're in the US. It's a large, high level tunnel of air that while generally won't produce any surface level wind on its own, it does block colder or warmer air from passing it. so if the jet stream is in an area \"below\" you, especially this time of year, you'... | [
"Syrian living in Australia here. In Syria (northern hemisphere), in summer it is consistently 30-40°C outside and in winter it snows daily. In Australia (Victoria) there is absolutely no consistency. Half of our summer days can be rainy or even stormy, while half our winter days can be sunny. The inconsistency of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it whenever I talk to someone with an accent, I talk back to them with their accent? | [
"It's an intuitional thing to mimic others in conversation, usually with gestures, but also speech and in your case an accent. That shows that you harmonize well. If this happens a lot to you, you are probably are very social person."
] | [
"They would say some words in one accent and then other words in other accents. If the person who spoke in an Irish accent mostly talked about food with them, then food vocabulary would be spoken in an Irish accent. It's also quite possible that the child would speak with each person with the accent of the adult."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
You are given a drug to counteract anesthesia after an operation to wake you up. Why can't we create something to take to counter act the effects of alcohol and sober you up just as fast as you got drunk. | [
"I wanna know this too. I found two studies, ([here](_URL_1_) and [here](_URL_0_)) that tried to use amantadine and bromocriptine and then TRH and ORG 2766 hexapeptide to counter the inebriation, but both failed. From what I can gather, they tried to improve performance (reaction time, cognitive etc.) with the drug... | [
"Headaches from caffeine withdrawals suck, but caffeine use itself isn't particularly harmful unless you have certain other medical conditions. Also, you can still sleep and wake up while going through caffeine withdrawals, you'll just be a bit groggy and grumpy. Sleeping pill dependency can prevent you from sleepi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
Why do amphetamines (such as Adderall) cause me to lose my appetite? | [
"Amphetamines and other stimulants work by activating the sympathetic nervous system, commonly known as your fight or flight response. When the body gets the signal from this nervous system it gets ready to survive causing dilation of pupils, heightened alertness, increased heart rate, etc. It also shunts blood awa... | [
"It's almost entirely due to the nicotine. Being a stimulant, nicotine naturally increases your metabolism and decreases your appetite."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
For a non-American, why does the President pardon a turkey? | [
"It's seriously just a stupid tradition. There's literally no other reason behind it, and it has no political or legal effects at all. It's not even a binding pardon, as the turkey is an animal."
] | [
"More people shit on Americans than the French."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What does a Neutron Activation Specialist do exactly? | [
"Neutron activation analysis is a technique used to determine the distribution of elements in a sample, similar in a lot of ways to mass spectroscopy. You take a sample and bombard it with neutrons, which transforms its atoms into radioactive isotopes. Each one of those isotopes decays with a unique signature, whic... | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How come diesel engine have been praised in the past and now suddenly everyone seems to be against it? | [
"Different type of fuel and compression result in different products - diesels run in high compression and hot so they burn their fuel thoroughly, however it also causes atmospheric nitrogen to react with atmospheric oxygen, producing toxic nitrogen oxides. The recent diesel scandal was companies cheating with the ... | [
"Heavy, expensive, less mobility, unnecessary the majority of the time. I'm no expert, but those seem like logical reasons."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How are interviewers are allowed or trusted to interview criminals ? | [
"The criminals may or may not get a legal agreement signed by the interviewers. However, ultimately they have to trust the interviewers not to reveal secrets -- which would ruin the interviewers' reputation but might be much more harmful to the person with the secret identity."
] | [
"Typically yes, but they shouldn't be asking that question unless they're willing to defend the person in court regardless of what the answer is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are inmates kept on Death Row for so long? | [
"legal appeals. Many legal groups operating for free appeal their sentences, make re-sentencing happen, make retrials happen, and sometimes exonerate. Legal tactis can delay it for years. And really, there is no possible way to deny things like appeals, or say it goes on too long and put a hard limit. Because the f... | [
"People are innocent until proven guilty. A long time can pass between arrest and trial date, it is kind of unfair to keep people locked up for all that time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Law and Justice:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Law and Justice:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Law and Criminal Justice:"
} |
Why Does Catalonia Want to Secede from Spain? | [
"Historically, Catalonia has a different culture and language than Spain which led to a lot of nationalism. Now there's also an economic factor because Spain isn't doing well and to Catalonians (who are relatively wealthy compared to the rest of Spain) it seems like they are \"propping up\" the country."
] | [
"1. The First Salute by Barbara Tuchman 2. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee by Dee Brown 3. The Civil War by Shelby Foote 4. Reconstruction by Eric Foner 5. The Proud Tower by Barbara Tuchman 6. Parting the Waters by Taylor Branch 7. Brute Force: Allied Strategy and Tactics in the Second World War by John Ellis 8. The... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Does the moons orbit around earth, earth around the sun and the sun around the milky way galaxy use the same orbital mechanic? | [
"Yup! It's all about motion and gravity just on different scales. Also fun to think about, in all of these cases the \"point\" the orbit is centered around is not the center of the object we think of as being the center, but someone between the center of the two objects, as even the smaller object pulls in the larg... | [
"Nothing is keeping anything anchored. Anchoring is how we keep ships from drifting. All the nearby stars we see are in orbit around the gravitational center of the milky way which has an enormous black hole. Our Sun orbits around this milky way galaxy about every 250 thousand years. The reason stars do not collide... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Is the golden ratio the same as the fibonacci sequence? | [
"No, because a ratio and a sequence are two different things. The two are connected because if you take a term of the Fibonacci sequence and divide it by the previous term, the result will be approximately the golden ratio. It gets closer and closer as you get further in the sequence. This isn't unique to the Fibon... | [
"Pi the number is the circumference of half a circle in relation to the radius."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about mathematics:"
} |
Whats this Liam Fox story I keep seeing in British newspapers? | [
"MP allows friend who has no reason to be involved in his job along to government meetings and into offices where data/information could be compromised. In a nutshell."
] | [
"The Daily Mail is viewed by many in the UK who don't read it as a newspaper targetted at right-wing, older people who enjoy being angry. It is the UK newspaper equivalent of Fox News. There was a joke many years ago that I am misquoting here but it was along the lines of: Normal newspaper: Gang of thugs attack def... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it considered lame or not "tough" to flinch when something surprises you? Doesn't it just mean that you react quickly or have faster reflexes than those who don't flinch? | [
"It is typically considered \"cowardly\" because it supposedly means that you are either afraid of the opponent or that they have put you on edge, or not being ready for any pain. Like many, this connotation is completely illogical."
] | [
"Not 100% positive, but I'm pretty sure it's a defense mechanism. When you get poked in the ribs or stomach, your natural instinct is to jump or flinch because just under the ribs are all of your vital organs that need protection. This is also why you can't really tickle yourself, you don't need to defend yourself ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do we manufacture wood planks that are wider than a tree would allow? | [
"Plywood is made by rotating log and peeling a sheet of it at the same time with a blade. Kind of like when you sharpen pencil with pencil sharpener. These sheets then are glued together. I learned this from waching how it's made, look it up on youtube."
] | [
"Bamboo doesn't grow wide enough to make things like 2x4's or other structural beams used for house-sized construction. You can probably use bamboo after some processing (like you would pulp wood and compress it to make certain plywoods) but this would cost more time money equipment and effort than trimming down a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it better for Braille to be lines and dots instead of just being the actual letters of the word. | [
"Braille is just dots, no lines. [To answer your question](_URL_0_ not just use raised letters?): > Raised letters would have to be much larger than a fingertip. In addition, embossed dots are easier to recognize than the lines and curves of roman characters."
] | [
"Braille on signs is set at a standardized height and format. They learn through kinesthetic repetition where to \"look\" for said signs. It is the same process that you used to learn how to type without looking at the keyboard. For documents and such there are indicator symbols in Braille that tell you which end ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do athletes make money from sports games like FIFA or Madden? | [
"> Do they even make money at all since their face and name are used in the game? That's the answer to your question. In order to legally use someone's likeness you need their permission. Which they may or may not grant unless you pay them."
] | [
"In Korea gaming is often treated like a sport. There are groups that employ people to play videogames all day. They show it on TV like we do sporting events."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Can someone please explain recursion in programming? | [
"Go to this post _URL_0_ and read the first comment, until you understand recursion."
] | [
"Could you explain a bit more about your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do I have to turn off the transmitting functions on my electronic devices when I fly, despite that not doing so will cause no harm? | [
"It falls under the category of \"It's overwhelmingly unlikely that anything would happen, but better safe than dead.\""
] | [
"Almost certainly not. The problem is that it takes time and money to go from \"almost certainly\" to \"definitely\". The European aviation authorities have relatively recently allowed the use of mobile devices on aircraft, subject to each individual airline demonstrating to a satisfactory standard that the procedu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do headphones get tangled in your pocket even if you don't touch it too much? | [
"Cords get tangled because there is only one possible configuration of a cord that will not result in it tangling: being absolutely, perfectly straight. Any other configuration and it will tangle. a tiny bend ro wrinkle will get bigger with every minor motion. Not quickly, but it happens. This makes more similar im... | [
"Do you tend to bend or abuse the area where the wire connects to the headphone or the MP3/Audio player? a loose connection between the speakers in the headphones and the source are often a cause for loss of one or more channels in audio. That said, Black Friday - things get damaged during shipping, more so during ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can someone tell me what exactly the Teen who solved Newton's 300 year-old-riddle actually did? | [
"To explain in the simplest possible terms, what he did is (I believe, it's hard to tell from any of the news stories that I've read since they don't seem to be written for mathematically literate people) find a formula which gives the solution to a problem which previously was only solvable numerically. So, an ana... | [
"Can you better explain what you are asking about? My google searching doesn't exactly explain what \"The Three Liars Paradox\" is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
- the architecture of fortresses | [
"A star fort has the advantage of having no space along the outside of the walls where an attacker is safe from enemy fire. There is no point where some part of the walls won't be after to fire on attackers. This design was developed in the age of cannon and musket, and was useful through the nineteenth century, wh... | [
"The space allocated for the entire program, it just becomes unmarked and available for rewriting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What is the encrypted text that comprises a file? (editing a .jpg or .exe) | [
"It's not encrypted, it's encoded: When you open a text file, it expects the binary data to be encoded in ASCII or ANSI (or some other text format), which has binary data organized in a predefined order which can be interpreted as text. When you open up a JPEG file, the text-reading program, expecting the bits to ... | [
"The best thing to do is attach to the disk a device that will copy the whole thing while making no changes. You then examine the copy. Emails after delivery are just files. _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why after a few days do cold-cuts get "slimy" feeling? | [
"Wow this fucking thread is making me sick i always thought it was a fat or oil that just became more liquid..."
] | [
"Because it contains fat. It will leave a grease mark on anything it touches. When the bologna goes splat, the fat ruins the matte."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why can we have heaters but not coolers? | [
"To put it very simply, it's because heat is a thing whereas cold is a lack of a thing. You can generate heat through various processes of converting one energy type (electrical energy or chemical energy) into heat energy. You can't generate cold because cold is just a lack of heat. So the only way to make somethin... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do men only go bald on their heads and nowhere else? Their beards, for example. | [
"Testosterone gets converted to a chemical called DHT (Dihydrotestosterone). DHT is what causes hair loss, specifically in people who suffer from male pattern baldness. DHT is an Androgen (masculine hormone), so it's responsible for facial hair amongst other things. While it's present in women, it doesn't have a ro... | [
"It's just genetics. Some men get hair on their chest at 14, others don't get the until they're 30+."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
-How do we hear differences in sound besides volume and pitch? | [
"In a word, overtones. Overtones are higher frequencies that vibrate in sympathy with the fundamental frequency. These overtones are what give instruments their own sound, or timbre, and each instrument has their own overtones created by the construction of the instrument, the way it's played, and a whole bunch of ... | [
"This is where the other musical characteristics come into play. The middle C (261.6Hz) is the specific tone being played, no matter the instrument. Timbre is the specific sound of a unique instrument, and has a lot to do with the natural resonance of the instrument. Vibrato (steady and repeated change in pitch) c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How would I die if I fell from outer space to Earth, naked? | [
"Oxygen deprivation. After that you would freeze and then burn up."
] | [
"> How far would it go before it was sucked into the gravitational pull of our own planet or another object? That depends entirely on its trajectory. > If thrown hard enough, could it break away from the pull of our planet? Spacewalking astronaut is already in a stable orbit around Earth, so if he threw it away fr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is "productivity" at all time high? Doesn't the US produce less now with manufacturing gone? | [
"Productivity does not mean \"how much is produced\" It means \"how much is produced per hour of work by each worker\" So let's say we make widgets. 10 Years ago we made 100 widgets an hour with 10 employees. Today we make 1000 widgets, but only have 5 employees. We've increased our productivity by 2000% (10 per wo... | [
"> if the poor are unable to sustain What do you mean by this. Poor people aren't starving in the street, but they aren't becoming not poor. That a seems like \"sustaining\" to me. > What would be the outlook on the future of the USA if the working class was to collapse? You'd have to describe what that would mea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we need to take the SAT at 0800? | [
"That depends on what time zone your in but my understanding is the same test is given at the same time across the country to avoid people sharing answers and its done so early because those administrators have you know regular way jobs. So 8 it is so they can be home by 5. I mean honestly if you think 8am is early... | [
"In the USA, it depends on what State the school is in, the School District and wether the district/school is public or private. The ages are approximate, again depending on individual district cutoff dates. For example: My friend and I were born 11 days apart and were different years in school. He entered High Sch... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do we associate mint with cleanliness? | [
"Humans have been using mint leaves for thousands of years to create fresh breathe or the appearance of a clean mouth. When toothpaste started becoming popular there was probably a marketing company/agent that decided mint-flavored toothpaste would be the best. Fast forward 100 years and that's what we've come to e... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is FIFA Corrupt? | [
"Primarily bribe taking. The World Cup selection process has gotten to the point that if you want to host it, it's a very poorly kept secret that you're going to have to pay bribes to the people on the selection committee. You might not even win if you pay a bribe if you get outbid by someone else."
] | [
"Egypt: Arab Spring Break! Lybia: Wooo, Arab Spring Break! Syria: Arab Spring Br- Assad: No. Isis: Yes! Russia: No! Turkey: Yes! USA: ...maybe?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why do American political parties spread out state primary voting over a 4 month period? Doesn't this process create more discord and factionalism within a party as opposed to fitting all the states in one month. | [
"That the election process is a marathon and not a sprint is certainly tiresome to most, but the ability of a candidate to maintain and sustain a long political campaign is part of the vetting process. We the electorate see the candidate repeatedly face challenges, defeats have victories. It requires strategy, dipl... | [
"Flaws is a loaded question. The Electoral College is designed to protect the interests of smaller states from the interests of bigger states. Over time, all states have moved to popular voting for President. But this is confusing, because the voter isn't voting for a candidate, but actually a slate of electors to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about history:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about history:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why Japan Anime Shows Have Characters That Are White | [
"To a Japanese person, anime characters look Japanese. This sort of question gets asked fairly often, the reason that white people often perceive anime characters to be white is that anime characters usually don't have any obvious racial traits, and so most people assume they are whatever they consider to be the \... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does our body try to cool itself down when we have fever, even though the body heated itself up on purpose | [
"Your body has a internal thermostat, called the hypothalamus. This thermostat can be adjusted. Sweating occurs when your body temperature is above thermostat level to cool your body down. When you have a fever your thermostat is set higher than normal. This is why you can feel cold even though you have a fever, be... | [
"Heat is produced when parts of your body are functioning. When you move muscles, when your stomach digests stuff, when your liver processes stuff. All of this takes energy. As the energy is used heat is produced. When you drink alcohol your liver goes into overdrive to metabolize the alcohol. This produces a lot o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What happens when a computer crashes? | [
"A 'computer crashing' these days is a fairly generic term that could cover any type of 'not working' issue. The original term was coined, I believe, to describe what happened when a hard disk read head - which needs to be very close to but not touching the spinning platters - 'crashed' into the platter causing dam... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Underneath the surface layer of sand at the bottom of the ocean, is there more sand (or something) that is dry? | [
"Under the ocean floor sediments are some of the youngest rocks on earth. The rock is generated at the divergent plate boundaries (also called \"mid-ocean ridges\" or \"rift zones\"), from melted parts of the mantle. The rocks lie in a sequence, with different chemical composition and texture, but are probably what... | [
"Two-thirds of the Earth's surface is water. Most of its interior, past a rocky crust, is liquid rock. What makes you think you're not standing on a liquid planet?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about science:"
} |
Why do we pee so much when we drink alcohol? | [
"Alcohol inhibits the pituitary gland from producing anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is what tells your kidneys \"When you're done processing that waste, re-absorb most of the water\". So water goes right through your kidneys to your bladder and you have to pee a lot. By the by, a hangover makes you feel like crap... | [
"Alcohol is a diuretic: it makes you pee. You've probably noticed that. Even drinking something like beer, you pee out more than the water that was in the beer. So, you pee a lot, you get dehydration. Common symptoms of dehydration? Headache, nausea, muscle pain, exhaustion. Also known as a hangover. How do you tre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
can someone explain why there's so much energy from splitting an atom? | [
"Splitting *one* atom releases a very, very tiny amount of energy on the human scale; far too small to detect without very sensitive equipment. People talk about splitting 'the atom' as though you only break a single atom and an entire city goes up in a giant atomic fireball. This is absolutely not the case. It ta... | [
"To add to the question - does the number of protons an atom have affect the conversion to pure energy? So what would it take to convert iron to pure energy compared to helium?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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