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Why does sending group texts and pictures use up cellular data, when normal texts do not? And how does a text to an iMessage group text compare to a text to a non-iMessage group text in terms of how much data it uses?
|
[
"When you send a multiple messages in group text it counts as an MMS, depending on your plan and data limits you would be charged outside of that. Most plans cover Text+MMS but some companies do Text only. There is no real way to calculate the exact use beside checking data use tools in the iPhone - sincerely an Ex AT & T Tech agent"
] |
[
"The advantage of iMessage is that it is an integrated messaging app and SMS client installed by default. If the person you are messaging also has iMessage, the app automatically detects it (via the phone number or email) and uses the iMessage format by default. If they do not (or for some reason it can not send the message via iMessage) it will default automatically to SMS and send the message that way. Since it doesn't require a user to install a new app or juggle SMS vs. message app, it is highly adopted by iPhone users."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Why does the water in my bathtub always go down the drain in an anti-clockwise direction?
|
[
"The short answer is: \"no it doesn't!\". Think of it like a long pole standing without support: In which direction does it fall? The answer is: That direction where it is slightly tilted already. The water in the sink works similar: it will go down in a direction based on a small amount of movement present in the water. Only if the water is almost perfectly calm (almost never under everyday conditions) the Coriolis effect determines the direction of the circle. You can read about an experiment which eliminated other effects than the Coriolis effect in [this wikipedia article](_URL_0_)."
] |
[
"When air moves over something it creates low pressure, the faster it moves, the lower the pressure will get. Those pipes that stick up out of the roof are attached to the drainage system of the house so when you flush or run the tub, sink, washing machine, etc... the water will be able to go down the pipes and not be stuck like when you hold your finger on the top of a straw and lift it out of the drink. When wind blows over the house, it will create a lower pressure in the drain pipes and the water in the toilet will be pulled in/down just a little bit, and when the wind slows down the pressure goes back to normal and the water will come back up just a little. This can make the water appear to be sloshing or making itty-bitty waves/ripples as it goes up and down."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why do humans laugh? What physiological purpose does it serve and is there have an evolutionary reason behind laughter?
|
[
"This is what I always think about when it comes to laughter. It's simple, a neat explanation, and it's Calvin and Hobbes so it's cool as shit. _URL_0_"
] |
[
"The simple answer is that nobody really knows. Some think it's something like there not being enough oxygen in the air and it being instinctive. Others think that contagious yawning is social and evolutionarily helps to calm a group down after a stressful event. Some scientists say that it's the evolutionary backbone of empathy, and it is associated with the same parts of the brain as empathy is associated with. The interesting thing about contagious yawning is that babies don't do it. Most children don't do it until the age of 4 or 5. Children with developmental disorders may contagiously yawn less or start doing it later than normal children. Tl;dr: We really don't know much, but we think it's the basic evolutionary backbone of empathy. Edit: Added a couple facts."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are dogs so much more varied than cats?
|
[
"Dogs can work for us, so we spent a lot more time and effort trying to breed specific characteristics. Sometimes these characteristics involve appearance as well."
] |
[
"I would say it has to do with the length of time they have been domesticated by humans. Cats have been domesticated a much shorter length of time, and thus are not as used to it and this manifests itself as being more independent. Additionally, Cats are evil creatures seeking to take over the world..."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Does anything actually stop a foreign army from invading a 'Neutral' country?
|
[
"The same reason you already said: money. If any developed country gets invaded, other countries have everything to lose. Also, politics don't work that way in developed countries. Allies, treaties, UN. The UN might not do much, but the countries in the UN will have something to say about it. So, you can invade, but when you try and get carpet bombed repeatedly, over and over by every other country, your country will be in a lot worse position than originally. Not quite worth it."
] |
[
"A follow up & relevant question, how close did the CSA come to being recognized by a European Power?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
; "Crony-Capitalism"
|
[
"Capitalism, in its true form, finds efficient outcomes because it rewards the most efficient and effective operators, and punishes the worst by having them go bankrupt. Crony capitalism, also sometimes called lemon capitalism, refers to the practice of businesses forming personal relationships with politicians etc. to get them to give the business special treatments - they keep the profits when they do well, but the Government helps them when they fail."
] |
[
"This should help explain it Your Brain On Coffee: _URL_0_"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
What does the little ball inside a whistle do?
|
[
"The ball inside the whistle is not necessary for the whistle to work but serves a purpose. A whistle without a ball has a flat tone that may get \"lost\". In an American Whistle the ball rises and falls as it is pushed around by the turbulence. When the ball moves within the chamber, it creates variations within the pitch, or the trilling sound you associate with a quality whistle blast. [Source](_URL_0_)"
] |
[
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why bad habits are so easy to start and good ones are so hard.
|
[
"Most bad habits feel good instantly. Drinking, smoking, eating unhealthy food, drugs, whatever. That's not really the case with something like saving extra money or eating a more bland and healthy meal. The payoff for things like that are weeks/months away. Exercise is easy to start imo, provided you aren't very out of shape and have at least a decent amount motivation."
] |
[
"Genetics play a large role in weight. Your upbringing also plays a huge factor in weight. The type and quantity of food you ate as a kid, and the amount you exercised growing up conditioned your body. It may be tough, but it's not impossible to recondition your body. Just keep telling yourself that it is a lifestyle change, and not a fad. Eventually, it will get easier but it may take a long time. The journey is the goal, not a means to an end. Good luck."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is illegal immigration such a big deal?
|
[
"Here's a test for you: Next time you leave your house, leave the door unlocked. Then, let people know your door is unlocked. Then, come back and see what your house is like a few hours later."
] |
[
"Its the same reason so many people hated Bush and so many people hated Clinton. American politics have been extremely polarized for the last 20 years. This is not a new phenomenon."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are there so much rape in India?
|
[
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why there seems to be so much rape in India ](_URL_3_) 1. [ELI5: Why is there so much gang raping in India? ](_URL_0_) 1. [ELI5: Why are there so many men raping women in india? ](_URL_5_) 1. [ELI5 INDIA: Why is there so much rape in India????? ](_URL_4_) 1. [ELI5: Why is rape so common in India? ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: Why are men raping so many women in India? ](_URL_6_) 1. [[ELI5] What is there so much rape in India ](_URL_1_)"
] |
[
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Law and Entertainment:"
}
|
Do service dogs know that they are helping?
|
[
"They know they are doing what they are trained to do, and they know they get rewarded for it. I don't think that the concept of \"helpful\" is really fleshed out in a dog - they don't really understand those concepts like we do (though we like to anthropomorphise them) - but it doesn't really matter if they understand it. They do it, and it makes them happy (or whatever happy is for a dog)."
] |
[
"Assistance animals are taught to poop on command. And the owner has a schedule."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why is it I can perceive light better in my peripheral vision?
|
[
"This is due to the distribution of the photoreceptors in the retina (back of the eye). There are two types of receptors, cones and rods. Cones have color vision, but low sensitivity to light levels, whereas rods only \"see\" black and white, but are very sensitive to changes in light levels. Now look at this image: _URL_0_ It maps the receptor distribution along the retina. The fovea is the center. Notice how in the fovea (labelled as zero degrees), cones dominate while rods are non-existent - but rods are more prominent in the periphery. Hence the better ability to distinguish light in the peripheral vision."
] |
[
"They're not staring into empty space. They're using their peripheral vision. Their, and your, peripheral vision is more effective at seeing movement."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What causes the "zoom-in" feeling late at night, making it look like your room is 1/10th its size?
|
[
"It's known as Alice in wonderland syndrome and I was absolutely amazed when I discovered it happened to other people too!"
] |
[
"You're staring *into* the mirror. If you're staring at something 100 ft. behind you in the mirror, you'll have to adjust your eyes as if you were looking at something 100 ft. away."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Are infant deaths in hot cars on the rise, or is it this summer's "shark attack" news?
|
[
"It's getting a lot of airplay this summer, most likely in the wake of one such fatality that [prosecutors think was intentional](_URL_0_)."
] |
[
"The number of deaths has been embellished. Remember, they are lumping in drowning and other summer-related deaths with the heatwave mania. It's just typical media dramatization."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How were Integrals, Derivatives, Limits, and other calculus concepts originally discovered and applied?
|
[
"They were discovered thousands of years ago, but the methods for that were super complex. Someone ssked Newton how he knew that earth had an elliptical orbit and not circular. So he went home and invented Calculus to explain his reasoning."
] |
[
"As a mathematician I get this question a lot. One can say that there are two parts of mathematics. The first is applied mathematics, which is revolutionizing fields from biology to computer science to finance to social work. The second is pure mathematics, or the development of mathematical structure, theory, and proof. Why study pure mathematics? Consider that when Einstein wanted to describe general relativity he used Riemannian geometry from the 1800s. String theory? Uses functions studied by Euler in the 1700s. Mathematicians are developing the tools and knowledge upon which the discoveries of tomorrow are built."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do our bodies know to wake up right before an alarm or right before a bus/train stop?
|
[
"So your brain has lots of nerves all smashed together in the center of you brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus. It's a very accurate clock inside your brain! We naturally look for patterns all the time and so does the nucleus. So when you get in a pattern of sleeping and waking up at the same time the nucleus at those times release a chemical called cortisol and a few others to wake you up! An alarm clock actually causes a lot of stress, so your brain pushes those chemicals out before it thinks it will go off!"
] |
[
"It could be that after [x] amount of time asleep, your body is preparing to wake up (going into lighter sleep stages) and your cat hears the change in breathing. Whether my husband works days or nights our cat starts nuzzling him, whether or not an alarm is set."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are there so many claims of paranormal activities by people yet there had never been any evidence to support their claims ever in history.
|
[
"1. Because they're nice ideas. We die but we become ghosts, so it's a little like not dying at all, which terrifies us. 2. Because there are things we can't explain - like why do we sometimes get the chills ([Cracked did a great job](_URL_0_) explaining things that until very recently were inexplicable). Because we're inquisitive and intelligent creatures, we can't handle not knowing something, so we make something up. 3. Related to number 1, we just *want* to believe because wouldn't telepathy and aliens be cool and less boring than life?"
] |
[
"There have been. There have also been studies on people claiming to have supernatural powers. Literally none of them have ever had their effects confirmed scientifically."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Whats the difference between theoretical physics and philosophy?
|
[
"Science asks \"how\" and philosophy asks \"why.\" Essentially the scientists make observations, and construct theories to explain how the laws of nature interact, what those laws are, and how that explains the observations. The philosopher looks at the scientists' work and asks, why are the laws of physics the way they are? What does that mean for our society and help us cope with the human condition?"
] |
[
"No need to an ELI5 because there is no answer to this question. Science has plenty of hypothesis, but there is no answer yet. One of the great remaining mysteries in medicine."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do Americans pay for so much for healthcare, yet other countries are able to get by without paying nearly as much?
|
[
"It's not free in other countries. Those countries pay for medical services through higher taxes. That being said, the final cost of foreign procedures is usually only a fraction of the price. A large reason for this is because doctors and hospitals foreign countries with true universal coverage don't have to inflate their billings to cover those who don't pay and they don't have to deal with such large malpractice insurance."
] |
[
"It wasn't successful because when people saw how much it was going to cost, they balked. We have a really expensive healthcare system. Our system was not designed to minimize costs, it was designed to make sick people well regardless of the cost. When Vermonters saw what they'd have to pay to provide universal single-payer healthcare, a majority decided they'd rather not pay that much of their income."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Where does all the rock salt for keeping the roads clear go? Why haven't so many areas near roads become too salty for grass, trees etc. ?
|
[
"You're on the right track of thinking. The reason areas near roads don't become too salty right away is because when it rains most of that water enters a drainage system and makes its way towards rivers and lakes. That's where the biggest issues occur as you often see fish, algae, pretty much any aquatic organism get affected. Another factor to note is the frequency at which salt is being deposited. Salting the roads one time for a single snow storm won't have as much of an effect as areas further north (or south, depending) which require salting roads once a week or more. Some municipalities have started switching to beet juice for just this reason."
] |
[
"Basically, bacteria don't do their decomposition thing as well when it's so cold. Not to mention, all the water is trapped in ice if you completely freeze it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
The movie American Beauty
|
[
"Regular message: People are happiest doing the things that make them happy, even if those things are simple or weird or unambitious. Much of modern suburban, upper-middle class life is designed to make us forget that fact, and the people most committed to keeping up appearances are in fact the least happy and most damaged. Meta Message: If the acting is good enough, and you sexualize enough young people, audiences will pay a lot of money to watch a super-pretentious version of Office Space."
] |
[
"Better Artist who were a part of that team? That’s my guess"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
what is the point of the whole "fifth world" subreddits
|
[
"This question might get better responses in /r/OutOfTheLoop."
] |
[
"they push on other things or use little scales on their belly _URL_0_ props to asking a question which is literally answered on a \"kidzone\" website. this is truly ELI5-worthy."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:"
}
|
How does Winrar get companies to pay for it when they could do exactly what we are doing?
|
[
"Why does anyone still use WinRAR when we could all just use 7-zip?"
] |
[
"I think their original plan was for it to expire, but they smartened up and realized that if people couldn't use winrar for free, they would just switch to 7-Zip, which has always been free (and open-source). The reasoning behind the constant \"Winrar is not free!!!!\" pop-ups is probably because they still make a small amount of money on people who just want the window to stop popping up, or corporations that want to use winrar on all of their computers and don't mind paying the small fee for the software. I would also like to note that all of this is just my opinion, as this is not a question that you can just google. If you are unhappy with Winrar, seriously just switch to 7-Zip, it is open source and overall just better software than Winrar."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
When Windows first loads and everything is going extremely slowly for several minutes but task manager doesn't show anything taking up much CPU or RAM, what the hell is it doing?
|
[
"Look at your I/O (Disk usage), most of the time, that is what is slowing down your windows startup the most. That's why so many people buy SSDs, they are much faster than regular hard drives (but obviously more expensive)."
] |
[
"IT professional here: Can you please define \"slow\"? This word is thrown around often when it comes to computer complaints but details matter. Is it taking a long time to boot up? Is netflix choppy? Is it slow when you open a third powerpoint deck? Those can help me answer you better. The shorter answer is RAM, that helps keep things quick. Additionally, macs I have found are less inclined to have background processes initiated and installed silently. When you hit ctrl-alt-Dlt and go to task manager, then to the \"processes tab\" that shows you all of those things your computer is doing that you can't see. That list may be longer and thus taking up more of the computer's resources than it is on a mac."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
What makes super powers impossible?
|
[
"Most super powers violate the laws of physics. That's what makes them so \"super\", and it's also what makes them impossible. If there were possible, like the James Bond or Batman stuff, they wouldn't be super powers but just cool gadgets."
] |
[
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why do couples that are having trouble getting pregnant want a biological child so much when there are many children in need of adoption?
|
[
"It is the innate human drive to carry on the individuals own genetic heritage. If you adopt, you and your partners DNA is not passed to future generations. This also plays into an individuals want/need to be genetically immortal via its offspring."
] |
[
"Not all adoptions are expensive. If you go through local and state government agencies, adoption is actually inexpensive. It may cost $2-3k just for paperwork and followups and things, but that's offset by tax credits for adoptive parents. The perceived downside is that babies and kids that go through these systems aren't the most \"desirable\" - there is a inordinate number of minorities and older children and those with physical or mental issues. It's only private adoption agencies that cost so much. But if you want a white, blonde-haired, blue-eyed perfect newborn or an international child, you will pay for the privilege."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
You hear about top executives and CEOs reducing their salary to $1 a year. How is this not against minimum-wage laws? And if it isn't, why not just cut the dollar out?
|
[
"These wage laws do not apply to [exempt workers, only non-exempt](_URL_0_). And...cutting the dollar out _would_ raise red flags since there would be value exchange without compensation."
] |
[
"Back when I was a kid, making minimum wage of $3.25 an hour - I worked at a job for a year and got a 25 cent an hour raise. Minimum wage went from $3.25 to $3.50 an hour. I then became a minimum wage employee again. I'm sure that's exactly how it would happen again if minimum wage were raised. Otherwise, where do you draw the line? If someone is making double the minimum wage, do they continue to make double the new minimum wage?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
Why do people find PDA uncomfortable?
|
[
"Swapping mouth juices is kinda gross. Other forms of PDA are less gross, but still can be pretty gross, especially if the two people are ALL OVER each other. Also, sometimes envy or jealousy play into it. Also, sometimes certain pairings of people/genders make people uncomfortable."
] |
[
"They're topics that make certain people uncomfortable. It's usually not socially acceptable to willingly make people uncomfortable."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Where exactly does money from paid bails go to?
|
[
"If you show up for your trial, you get the money back. If you don't show up for your trial, it goes into the general fund for the courts."
] |
[
"Most police departments are taxpayer funded. Where do you think the money is going to come from?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Is alcoholism hereditary? If so, how?
|
[
"Alcoholism isn't hereditary so much as there is a gene that cause one to be prone to addiction. My dad was an alcoholic I never was, but i am a recovering meth addict. I have been clean for 4 years"
] |
[
"Depression the mood can be contagious: \"Dude, you're bumming me out.\" Depression the illness is a neurochemical imbalance that we don't fully understand but we think has a lot to do with serotonin levels, and as far as we know, is not contagious. That being said, it's believed that risk factors can be passed to offspring."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do people tend to get colds during the winter months, but not the summer months?
|
[
"Not exactly the cold, but there are some theories around flu transmission. Essentially the cold weather is believed to help the virus survive longer outside the host, while the lower humidity levels often found during winter may aid in aerosol transmission. Lower humidity also dries out the mucus membranes, possibly making them more susceptible to viral transmission as well as causing us to touch our noses more often."
] |
[
"It's your body putting out fluids to keep the air you're breathing at a safe level of humidity and moisture for your lungs. If the air is too dry, your lungs can get damaged and prone to infection. When it's cold, the air gets drier, so your nose may start running to help keep the air moist. Of course - colds are also more common in cold weather. Your nasal passages get dried out and damaged, which means viruses can get into your body more easily, causing colds. Additionally, you spend more time inside with the windows closed around other people who are more susceptible to colds. So, you may find you just get more colds - causing runny noses - in the winter as well."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How has Magic Johnson been able to live so long with HIV?
|
[
"HAART therapy combines a whole load of drugs that can reduce the rate at which HIV becomes aids. They target things like how the viruses genetic material becomes DNA, it can prevent binding of the virus to human cells, it can stop viral DNA from being integrated with our DNA so the building blocks of viruses can't be made and they can prevent those blocks from being put together. The virus evolves methods of beating these treatments though. Nowdays HIV suferers can have a life expectancy into their 70s. I am a microbiology student and have had this info drilled into me but this is ELI5 so i'll leave it at that."
] |
[
"If you take ARVs, don't drink or smoke and live healthily, and of course are wealthy enough to have access to whatever medicine and doctors you need, you probably can live out the rest of your life HIV Positive and die of other causes. Once you have AIDS, though, it is pretty bleak from there on out."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
The difference between Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Coke Life.
|
[
"Coca Cola uses lots of sugar, and hence has lots of calories Diet Coke replaces the sugar with sweeteners such as aspartame, which are calorie-free. Therefore the drink is calorie-free. (It actually has a couple of calories, but it's so low that the rules allow these calories to be ignored.) Some people think aspartame is unnatural and therefore like to avoid it. So they introduced Coke Life, which uses Stevia as a sweetener. Stevia can be quite bitter by itself, so it's mixed with a little bit of sugar. This means it is not calorie-free, but is much lower in calories than regular Coca Cola."
] |
[
"Diet Coke was produced as a diet cola. Coke Zero was produced to be a lower calorie Coca-Cola. Diet Coke was never intended to mirror the taste of Coca-Cola."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Why is CNN so widely disrespected?
|
[
"Because they pretend to a serious news station, yet pander to the lowest common denominator US-centric gossip masquerading as news. For example, in 2009, there were pro-democracy demonstrations in Iran at the same time as there was a coup in Honduras. CNN gave us a week of 24/7 coverage of Michael Jackson's death. They also gave Nancy Grace her own show, for that alone they can never be forgiven."
] |
[
"Can they? Sure. Will they be disbarred and imprisoned if found out? Absolutely."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Media and Journalism:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Media and Journalism:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How does the heart receives blod for its cells, I know it is a pump, and it seems inneficient to use the one it is pumping
|
[
"The heart pumps blood out to the aorta. From there, some of the blood actually routes back to the heart via 3 major arteries. If any of these 3 get blocked, that is a heart attack. I'm not sure what you mean by inefficient to use the one it's pumping"
] |
[
"Muscles are active when they get a signal via Nervs (or electric shocks ⚡️). These Neurons are connected to the 🧠. The heart however has it own Neuronsystem which are actually not even Neurons but specialised muscle fibres. Technically a heart could beat outside of the body because it can shock itself. So when you are brain dead your heart still beats. Neurons are bound to something which prevents them do get shocked to much on the other hand. We call it refractary time. While the heart muscle does that too (beating and pumping depends on that) the „heart brain“ does not need to have that rest time since it is shocked very differently"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How can scientists create measuring tools more accurate than the tools we already have? Doesn't the accuracy of new tools depend on the accuracy of the tools used to make it?
|
[
"There are methods for creating accurate without already having an accurate thing. Like finding the mid-point between two points. Attach a pencil to a string and attach a string to a needle that you stick at point A. As long as the string is more than half the distance to the second point, you can can draw a large arc with it. Then repeat the process from the other point. There will be two points at which the arcs intersect. If you draw a line between those points and draw another line between the two original points, you will have accurately determined the mid-point using \"in-accurate\" tools."
] |
[
"Industrialization. The primary limit on scientists isn't really their imagination so much as the instruments they have to collect, process and verify information about the natural world. The revolution of the 1800s was the rise of easily accessible, high-precision instruments and tools. Being able to apply consistent and predictable heat, being able to precisely measure mass, etc. - these allowed scientists to examine the world in ways they could not previously."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why were pants mainly for men and skirts for women back in the olden days?
|
[
"Victorian hoop skirts were intended to hide the woman's shape for modesty. Over time, the hoops went away and the hem line went up, so that now skirts serve the opposite purpose - to display the woman's body (relative to pants). But due to the Victorian legacy, skirts are somehow still considered modest in conservative/religious circles. The cognitive dissonance is most clear when these groups ask schoolgirls to wear skorts to gym instead of skirts."
] |
[
"It's pretty much completely arbitrary, and it changes over the years and between generations. Blue was feminine and pink was masculine prior to WW1 IIRC."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
If 0.1 amps can be lethal to a human, then why don't I die when touching the contacts of a phone battery, which is 3.8 V and 1500-3200 mA?
|
[
"When you touch the contacts of a battery, the current that flows through your body is governed by [Ohms law](_URL_0_). Because your body, and in particular your skin, has a high electrical resitance, the current that results from a 3.8 Volt potential difference is in the range of micro Amperes, which typically will not register with your nervous system. The number 1500-3200 that you mention is a measure for how much electrical energy can be stored in the battery, and it is usually expressed in milli Ampere hours (mAh). A capacity of 1500 mAh means that your battery is able to sustain a current of 1500 mA for the duration of one hour before it is depleted. Or 750 mA for a duration of two hours. Or 15 mA for a duration of 100 hours."
] |
[
"The wire will have nearly zero resistance, but the battery *also* has a resistance. The bigger your battery is the less resistance it will have, but a 9V battery is made of 6 internal cells that are each very small. Additionally, the battery chemistry matters, so your normal alkaline battery will have more resistance than a lithium polymer battery. Finally, the level to which the battery is charged will affect its internal resistance. A fresh alkaline 9V battery can be expected to have an internal resistance on the order of 1-2 Ohms, so you're looking at maybe 5-10 Amps. Plenty to heat up a wire, but not so much that it's going to explode in your face. A lead acid car battery may have only 0.04 ohms (varies, of course), so its 12 volts can push 300 Amps on a large enough wire."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
The universe either started at one point, or has always been there. How are either possible?
|
[
"> Point 1 seems illogical- it begs the question \"what allowed the universe into being\" You are approaching this from a standpoint of absolute reliance on causality. Our brains are wired and designed to think of everything in terms of cause and effect - if there is an effect then we assume there must be a cause. And indeed we constantly observe cause and effect everyday around us. But there is no fundamental logical reason why an effect *has* to have a cause. To say \"what caused time to start\" isn't a meaningful question as in order for something to *cause* something to start, time must exist."
] |
[
"Elements did not cause the big bang. The Big Bang is a term for a period of high density in the early universe, but does not actually describe how the universe itself was created. If you're asking how all of the material that this density was comprised of appeared in the first place, then the only answer presently is that we do not know."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
How does the UN General Assembly enforce its decisions?
|
[
"It doesn't. The power to enforce UN resolutions belongs to the UN Security Council, and any of the 5 permanent members (US, Russia, China, UK, and France) can veto any action the security council might take."
] |
[
"I may be wrong on this, but it's because that was a General Assembly Resolution. The US only has veto power on the Security Council."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What causes internet outages?
|
[
"From my personal experience as an internet tech support rep, there are several things that could go wrong. It could be a hardware issue at the central office, or hardware issue in one of the internet boxes for your neighbourhood (DSLAM), it could be the wiring running to your house, copper or fiber, being broken or worn down, it could be the box attached to your house that connects those wires to your modem, it could be your modem or router itself... lots of different issues. The most common issue would be the modem hasn't been restarted in awhile. Like any piece of smart technology, devices need to be restarted because over time bugs and error codes build up in the memory and bog it down. Restarting devices erases these bugs and gets the system working again. EDIT: for spelling and grammar."
] |
[
"YouTube has multiple servers that they can redirect traffic to while they are fixing a broken server. Reddit does have multiple servers, but not as many as any huge company such as Google, Apple, GoDaddy, etc. Edit: Clarity"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Technology:"
}
|
Why does the USA send billions of dollars to other countries when it's public schools are broke, healthcare is hurting, and infrastructure is crumbling?
|
[
"Because humanity is important as a whole. We might have crumbled roads, but some places have none."
] |
[
"They mean it is literally crumbling, our roads are covered in potholes, our levees break, our bridges collapse. We have a very large infrastructure, the problem is that it is extremely old and in severe disrepair."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about International relations:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about International relations:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What was Hitlers final goal? Was it to conquer all of Europe or just prove that Germany is a superpower not to be dealt with?
|
[
"More than anything, Nazi Germany wanted space, or \"living room\" (aka in German: Lebensraum which translates to living space, but living room I think is easier to understand) to expand the German culture, heritage, and power. From a practical perspective this meant controlling continental Europe, North Africa, the Caucuses, and Western Russia. All under a single *German* state. This would allow Germany, and Germans plenty of resources and space to spread out and be more productive, as well as cementing Germany as the major world power."
] |
[
"The Nazis viewed the Slavic people as racially inferior but also the Nazis never foresaw themselves fighting Britain or a lot of the west as they were also of the Aryan race and subsequently \"Übermensch\". The desired German Empire was taking inspiration from the British in India and Hitler was a little disappointed Britain didn't ally with the Germans."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do ATMs always dispense the crispiest of bills? Even if the bills are years old.
|
[
"They can dispense nice-looking bills because that's what they are filled with. ATMs are filled with money that comes from the bank, and the banks remove worn and damaged bills from circulation."
] |
[
"Have you ever seen the movie Mad Money? Basically, Fed regulates it. Banks around the country send them something called \"Mutilated\" money. These are the dollar bills that should never see the light of day again. They are just replaced with newer bills and destroyed."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Credit/debit card readers:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Credit/debit card readers:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
People who can see other people's aura's.
|
[
"Little mix of crazy, too much pot, and some scammers in the mix as well."
] |
[
"You do, you just don't remember them. Most people don't recall their dreams."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Can jury nullification work the other way too? As in, is it possible for a jury to purposely convict a provingly innocent person resulting in a legal conviction?
|
[
"No, not in the same way. When a jury rules a man innocent despite the evidence against him, the state can't do anything about it. The Constitution protects him from being tried again for the same crime. That is what creates the institution of \"jury nullification\"--the acquittal can't be second-guessed. But when a jury rules a man guilty despite the evidence, a judge *can* rule otherwise. If the jury could not reasonably have reached a guilty verdict given the evidence, it will not stand. Even if the trial judge decides against it, the convict has the opportunity to appeal. Jury verdicts are rarely overturned in this way, but the verdict has to have at least some relation to the evidence, unlike with nullification. To be sure, a biased jury or judge can do a lot of harm. There are plenty of cases where, to outsiders, the verdict is questionable. But there is an important conceptual difference."
] |
[
"The acquittal was valid. An acquittal doesn't mean 'You were found innocent', an acquittal means that you were found 'not guilty'. All that means is that the prosecution failed to prove that you were guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. As such, a subsequent confession doesn't override a previous criminal acquittal, and double jeopardy holds."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why did the Nazis house Jews and other minorities in concentration camps instead of simply killing them?
|
[
"Nazis housed them for experiments as well as free labor. Many camps also contained political prisoners or intellectuals that they could exploit for information. This also ties in with the Final Solution, by gathering these undesirables, it made it easier for the Nazi's to systematically execute all of them. They'd use less ammunition, less gas, and less resources than hunting them all in the streets."
] |
[
"Firstly the initial concentration camps were not extermination camps, that came later. In the first camps they were worked to death, given very little food and exploited for anything the Nazis could get out of them. When the concentration camps turned into extermination camps some people were killed virtually immediately others were used to dig grave pits, sort through clothes and belongings and other jobs that the guards didn't want to do. The transition from labour camp to death camp wasn't an overnight transformation the process gradually changed over time, with the numbers of people entering into the camps dramatically increasing and the life expectancy dramatically decreasing."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about History:",
"pos": "Represent the document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does Israel spy on the US?
|
[
"Everyone spies on everyone as much as they are able if they are smart. Making decisions requires information. If you don't have correct information then you are less capable of making the right decisions. Therefore if you value making the right decisions then you must also value pursuing accurate information, even if those people with the information don't really want you to know. You see, the people making the decisions swore an oath to their own people and owe it to them to make the right decisions, and they don't owe the people who want to keep secrets anything at all. This is why everyone has spies of varying ability, even if nobody wants to talk about it."
] |
[
"It's not our job to police the world, thats why the world hates us."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why does a bike balance while its moving?
|
[
"Bikes use multiple things that keep the bike up and prevent it from going left to right a lot. The way the front wheel is build it makes the bike turn when you drop towards a side. Now the bike went from falling to turning. And while turning the centrifugal force (which is basically the forward momentum/inertia you mentioned) starts to push you back up. What could happen is that you get pushed to the other side and start to wobble. The mentioned angular momentum ( which is basically inertia for turning things, they don't want to change the way they are turning ) dampens the wobble. Even though it won't stop the wobble it makes it easier to handle. And all the friction in the turning parts of the bike and between the wheel and the street will eventually stop it completely. (Or the bike slows down too much and all those effects stop working)"
] |
[
"For the same reason you can't switch a car tire while the car is still driving. Removing it would cause the car to crash."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Technology:"
}
|
There are always campaigns to "stop global warming". Can we actually stop global warming, or are we just delaying it?
|
[
"If everyone in the world was to cooperate, we absolutely could fix it. There's two things that need to happen. One is to replenish our carbon sinks which convert CO2 into oxygen. Basically this means re-planting the world's forests and cleaning up the oceans so the photosynthesizing plankton and algae can return. The second thing is to get off of fossil fuel energy sources, quickly. Even if we shut off every car and coal power plant in the world tomorrow, it still wouldn't be enough to prevent some pretty serious climate change (and God help us if we keep burning fossil fuels for much longer). This is why we need the carbon sinks, to give us that extra boost. But we need energy, and that's where renewable, clean energy comes in. Solar, wind, and tidal energy all need to be seriously increased and it needs to be done seriously fast."
] |
[
"Because there isn't any \"adapting\" to a runaway greenhouse effect feedback loop. Without care, we could turn Earth into another Venus. Most of the \"finger pointing\" is being done because *some* people try to deny mankind's influence on the climate and use that as an excuse to take no responsibility and not make changes in order to help stop the problem before it becomes completely irreversible."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How are diamonds made from coal?
|
[
"Diamonds aren't made from coal and pressure + coal does not make diamonds. They're both made from carbon but they are completely different. They don't even form in the same types of rock. Coal is dead plants turning into sedimentary rock whereas diamonds are from igneous rock and are formed in the mantle and brought up by volcanic eruptions."
] |
[
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why have elephants been tamed as war animals in the ancient world but never tamed for domestic things like farming?
|
[
"But they have. In certain areas, such as India and SE Asia, they are routinely used for logging in mountainous terrain. But they eat a whole lot, and the upkeep is prohibitively high relative to the increased power available. And considering their size, it is much easier for them to do a lot of damage to people, as well as harder to contain, in the event they do get out of control."
] |
[
"Mere exposure to humans does not cause animals to be domesticated. Domestication is something done by humans, not something that happens by itself. For lions, hippos and giraffes to be domesticated, it would mean that people want to domesticate them for some purpose. For example it would mean humans would want to domesticate lions to assist humans in hunting, hippos as beasts of burden and giraffes for, uh, something. Secondly, some species are just difficult to domesticate. Their natural behavior might be so at odds with human behavior, that we haven't gotten the chance to domesticate them. Hippos could be beasts of burden, but they are so aggressive that it has been difficult for humans to co-exist with them in harmony."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
How are things named?
|
[
"There are a lot of ways things get named. 1. Take its equivalent name in another language. This is what a lot of English is. Chair's origin was from the old french \"chaiere\". 2. Name it based on its function or origin. \"Fireplace\", \"compact disc\", \"computer\" are named based on their functions or appearances. \"Nylon\" (New York and London), \"Kleenex\", \"reddit\", etc. This is the typical approach with modern words or brand names, with one exception: 3. Be the first to call it something and let it catch on. People decide what a name is based on who propagates it. Companies market their brand name until it becomes synonymous with its product. Scientists coin new terms and name species and use it until it enters common parlance. Slang is invented and circulated until it becomes part of the local dialect. One thing's for sure, naming is not the responsibility of one person; everyone needs to know it for a name to work!"
] |
[
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How do I balance a checkbook?
|
[
"1) Start of the month - Figure out how much money is currently in your bank account 2) Through out the month - Keep track of every expense you use your bank account for (including withdrawals) 3) End of the Month - Figure out what your ending balance is and return to step 1. Your checkbook is now balanced."
] |
[
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why are we restricted by airport customs in the amount of cash we carry?
|
[
"There is no such limit. Above $10,000 you have to declare it to them and fill out a form. It is to fight money laundering; same as the reporting requirements for large cash transactions at banks."
] |
[
"What's getting left out is where the border guards ask to see your passport, ask what you're bringing in to the country, and so on."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
SPOILER ALERT: Why is "50 Shades of Grey" so controversial?
|
[
"It's a book based on a piece of *Twilight* fan fiction written by a random woman with no writing ability whatsoever. It's controversial because it displays a serious misunderstanding of S & M, consent, and healthy romantic relationships, while at the same time is directed at teen girls or younger and has the literary difficulty level of a 2nd graders book. In the book, Christian Grey (called Edward Cullen right up until release) is an stalker and rapist who takes a virgin and terrorizes her into continuing an abusive, one-sided relationship. He literally plants a tracking device on her without her consent and threatens her constantly if she ever disobeys him. In the end, she \"changes his mind\", is supposedly less creepy, and they live happily ever after."
] |
[
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
How does the government track people downloading illegal music?
|
[
"I am not aware of any evidence of any western governments tracking 'illegal' downloads. Most file-sharing is not 'illegal' in the sense of committing a crime that harms society in general (such as theft or assault). But it does breach copyright laws. Breach of copyright is a *tort*, a civil crime in which an individual who is wronged can sue for damages. In order to sue for damages, evidence that meets certain standards must be acquired. Large trade organisations, copyright enforcement groups and smaller security firms seeking to earn a quick buck monitor file-sharing downloads in order to obtain the details of participants."
] |
[
"It's not about the uploading or the downloading... It's about WHAT is being transferred. Box offices movies? Illegal. Pictures of your dog? Completely legal. If you're wondering about the differences law enforcement has regarding downloading/uploading, they usually go after uploaders because they are willingly providing the content for others. But this does not make it any better to download. As always, download at your own risk."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why do I feel tired after eating greasy food?
|
[
"More than likely it's just the sheer amount of food that you're eating, not necessarily what it's composed of. You don't feel sluggish after eating broccoli and carrots because you aren't going to eat nearly as much. Your body just wants you to calm down for a bit while it works on digesting the giant pile of food you just asked it to deal with."
] |
[
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why is altitude (in regards to aircraft) still measured in feet, rather than metres?
|
[
"Standardisation and inertia. The whole world basically agreed to the same sets of rules and measures and even language for flying. There's no real need to go to the expense and hassle of changing it. And no, there's no real benefit to measuring altitude in metres instead of feet. The benefit of the metric system is that the whole system is aligned. There's nothing special about a metre that makes it better than a foot. Kilofeet, centifeet etc. would work just as well if they'd been designed that way from scratch."
] |
[
"Follow-up: How would they have measured distances? Did they have units of measurement for large distances, like a mile or kilometer?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
If Netflix runs much better over VPN, why doesn't Netflix offer VPN service to their customers?
|
[
"If traffic is being throttled from your provider to netflix, it doesn't matter if it is VPN traffic, it will still be throttled. The point of using a VPN is that you are getting to netflix through a remote gateway on a provider that doesn't throttle netflix."
] |
[
"Just pay for a DNS service like unblock-us. $5 per month and you can choose which nation's Netflix service you want to watch. Brazil has a surprisingly good catalogue."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is it that when people shorten 'transgender,' they add an asterisk to it?
|
[
"This is a highly educated guess, but I believe it's because an * , in computer lingo, is also a \"wild card\", meaning that it can take the place of one, or several letters. In this case, the person could be talking about transGENDER or transSEXUAL people, so they shorten it, to trans*"
] |
[
"Because the word 'and' has a D on the end of it, which means you can say 'Dad' without having to change the position of your tongue/mouth."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
The possibility of the world's nuclear powered submarines surviving an asteroid that would end humanity.
|
[
"The strike, sure. The aftermath, like the loss of all higher life on the planet, not really. Where would they resupply? Where would they get more food? They would be fine, maybe for a year, but is that really \"winning\" this scenario?"
] |
[
"To be honest, no one really knows. We know there are enough nuclear weapons to take out the worlds major cities, but if countries like India, Brazil and South Africa weren't directly involved, they might survive with their populations intact They could emerge relatively unscathed at the worlds new superpowers, and humanity would not take too far of a step backwards in terms of development. We speculate that the smoke from the ensuing fires would result in reduce sunlight reaching the earth. That could result in anything from a few lean years to a complete agricultural collapse sending man kind back to the Dark Ages, or worth. There would also be nuclear fallout, and this could be made much worse if dirty bombs were involved. This could be the difference between land being resettled in a decade, or being uninhabitable for centuries. It would also impact how much poison enters into the overall ecosystem impacting all humans."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
When people become paralyzed, why does it seem common that they retain control of their eyes and eyelids?
|
[
"Facial muscles have their nerves connected directly to the brain. In Neurology you often do tests where you have the pasient make certain expressions, and this can be used to tell the location of the brain damage(to a certain degree)"
] |
[
"Because they're 2 separate muscles controlling your eyebrows. Apparently this skill can be learned, but basically it comes down to some people's brains are able to independently control the muscles under your eyebrows, and some people's brains can't do it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Medical Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Medical Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
}
|
what causes nail biting and why is it such a difficult habit to break?
|
[
"Someone correct me if I'm wrong, but I think the chewing action of the jaw (when biting nails) releases endorphins (not sure why), which causes a positive feeling in your brain - this mainly happens when you are anxious, so your body is trying to find a way to relieve or comfort itself. It's also why some people find chewing gum (or to extreme cases, overconsumption of food) helps them relax. This becomes addictive not only because of those endorphins, but because you chew your nails it causes them to have a very rugged, imperfect shape. Most people who commonly chew nails (not out of anxiety) tend to show some symptoms of OCD, which means that they want to keep their nails in a symmetrical pretty shape, which causes their \"perfectionism\" to not stop biting until the nails look decent (of course, when they grow back they are still rugged, so this cycle continues)."
] |
[
"I do the exact same thing except for I tend to pick and peel the skin on the inside of my mouth more often than a pimple or a scratch. I did some research and apparently it is called Dermatillomania which is a impulse control disorder. You can read up more on it and see if it is something you truly have but it definitely makes sense and gave me some comfort to know that I am not the only one in the world who picks at their own skin for the heck of it. (there is also a subreddit too!)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
}
|
Why are boneless wings even called wings?
|
[
"Because you can't walk into a restaurant and order 20 pieces of \"that bomb ass shit\"."
] |
[
"I can't explain it but thank God someone else noticed. Every time we go to the grocery store I get mocked by my gf because of my astonishment that there are probably 15 different kinds of freaking Cheez-its. Is this a great Country or what?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
How do people "fail" to commit suicide?
|
[
"Gun jams, rope snaps, they land into a truck of pillows and cake, etc."
] |
[
"Because people think they are the best. Do you want to enumerate your concerns?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
why is cursive writing the default writing style in Russia but phasing out in English?
|
[
"It is easier to write Cyrillic in cursive than in print. Д for example is annoying as fuck to write in print for example. Some people write in a mixed fashion with some parts cursive and some parts written. Source: Know a Cyrillic language."
] |
[
"It used to be that there was only one form of Chinese. Then the communist government of China decided to simplify the characters so that they were easier for people to read and write. In Taiwan, which has never been under the communist government, they didn't make that change, so they still use the traditional characters. That's all. Edit: I'm talking about written in Chinese, of course. Spoken Chinese is at completely different beast."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
why are these hot ass teachers hooking up with funny looking kids?
|
[
"Because they are pedophiles and mentally ill. They are turned on not by the looks of the student, but by the teacher's position of authority over the student, and the innocence, naïveté, or \"freshness\" of the sexuality of a young teen."
] |
[
"your dick aint sterile? neither are the bathroom fixtures."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
}
|
Why is everyone cautions about Salmonella, but sushi is okay?
|
[
"Raw fish in sushi, called *sashimi*, can indeed contain bacteria or parasites. To get rid of parasites, some countries have laws saying that you must freeze the fish at [253 K](_URL_0_) for many hours. Many parasites freeze to death at such low temperatures. However, other foods, like ground beef, often do not have such laws about freezing, so there can be bacteria or parasites that survive."
] |
[
"It's safe as long as the fish comes from safe sources. That is to say, it's safe as long as you are eating in a decent place. Raw fish is *not* safe as a concept, at least not safer than cooked fish. Some fishermen in Japan, who eat raw fish in the boat, get diseases from them."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why is noon 12PM rather than being 12AM?
|
[
"AM means ante meridiem or before midday. So 12am is 12 hours before midday. PM means post meridiem or after midday."
] |
[
"1000 is only 2 hours off of noon. 1700 is 5 hours off if noon. The morning equivalent of 1700 would be 0700."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
What is the difference between being intelligent and being intellectual?
|
[
"To be an intellectual you have to be interested in certain things: art, politics, philosophy, science. Plenty of smart people don't give a hoot about those things, but interest in them tends to track with intelligence."
] |
[
"There's a big difference between being good with words and having the talents required to write dictionaries."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Trying to understand vitamin D. There is a LOT of conflicting information out there. How many mins in sunlight do I need per day. Does it count if it comes in the window or if I am outside but in shade? I read somewhere that it washes off??? Please enlighten me!!!
|
[
"I cant answer your other questions, but you cant wash away vitamins absorbed by your skin. That would require some serious osmosis, and isnt achieved by a swim or a regular bath. No science to back up my claims. Always research trusted sources."
] |
[
"The vitamin D we get from food and supplements is D3. But our body actually needs to convert that to D2 to be useful. Sunlight helps that conversion. You can eat all the D3 you want, but unless your body makes the conversion, it's not going to do much good. At my worst, my D3 levels were 6.7 (they're supposed to be 30 or better.) I was given megadoses of D3 and instructions to get sunlight every day in order to bring me back to normal levels. Aaand I haven't taken it in a couple weeks. I think I figured out where my anxiety spikes came from... oops."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do most cartoon characters have four fingers on each hand instead of five?
|
[
"Easier and faster to draw, and because early animators (Disney, Warner Bros) dit it, it was adopted as the style. Some cartoons do not do this, most recently noted in the AdultSwim show \"Rick and Morty\" where characters sport all 5 normal digits. *EDIT: I accidentally a words there."
] |
[
"Follow up question, why do I have like three times as many hairs around my left nipple than my right one?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
How do you make/manufacture glitter?
|
[
"Colored foil and lots of little kids with scissors in china."
] |
[
"Why not just paint it with clear nail polish?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
If you got to build a machine that can throw coins the same way everytime, from the same height, in a controlled space, with no wind and with milimetric precission, would the coin always land the same face?
|
[
"A team at Stanford did exactly that while investigating how random a coin toss is, building a machine that tossed coins so that they always landed the way they started. Put the coin in the machine heads-up and it would land as heads 100% of the time (or at least in 100% of their tests). They also concluded that a normal coin toss by a human isn't quite fair, and will land the way it started 51% of the time."
] |
[
"Both hands can move to adjust for the catch, plus it's a very small distance. If you tried to toss something into a hand sized hole, you'd miss more than you realize"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why did my black goldfish turn orange?
|
[
"You could've just googled it, but here's my five cents. Source: Had lots of goldfish in my garden pond when I was younger. Goldfish hatch black and turn orange during the first years of their life. Some of them are \"early\" developers and turn gold within their second year, some of them take five years, occasionally even longer. And very few of them never turn gold. So that one fish of you just was a bit late, nothing wrong with that."
] |
[
"People tell me that this happens to mine as well. Green eyes if I'm wearing green, brown otherwise."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do special effects and CGI cost so much money?
|
[
"It's not just a program. It's the team of people needed to use those programs. Within the CG world, people tend to specialize. There are modelers, animators, texture and lighting people, compositors who put effects into footage, and so on. Each of those elements is hugely difficult and typically requires years of training to get to a professional level. Each of those people is a professional who receives a professional's salary for their expertise at what they do, and the long-ass hours they put in to do it. Plus, CG effects take a lot of processing power to properly render; you're looking at a lot of hardware, including huge render farms filled with computers tasked with taking those professionals' raw output and rendering it out as movie frames. There's a lot going on behind the effects you see in movies, even the short or simple ones that you don't even really notice. Source: SO is a 3D modeler. That shit's hard."
] |
[
"Because animation is a time-consuming, laborious process. Unlike live-action movies where camera crews can easily capture short clips which can be edited together, animators have to manually create each frame. For 2D animation, this means drawing 24-60 pictures for every second of footage. It's easy to see how that adds up. For 3D animation, it's the same thing. Create each frame. edit it so it looks good, and make sure that everything flows. Then they have to render everything, which takes forever. As HypotheticalDemarc mentioned before me, huge teams work on these movies because they require tons of effort to make, and studios definitely have to pay animators as long as they're working. Software licenses are expensive too. 3ds Max licenses cost thousands of dollars. That's actually pretty minor compared to the above reason, but it's something. Hope this explains somewhat. I'm not really awake enough to post a better answer."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why don't they make 2 liter soda bottles rectangular?
|
[
"Storage containers for items under pressure (soda, propane), are round because the items inside are pushing outward. Corners and seams are weak points, so a round shape minimizes those places, to help prevent blowouts."
] |
[
"Probably not what you're looking for, but I know that plastic bottles don't hold carbonation as well because of the way the molecules bond together compared to glass or aluminum cans."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
How do scratch and sniff stickers work
|
[
"An adhesive mixed with an ester (a chemical that can smell like various organic substances, such as strawberries) is stuck onto a piece of paper. Then, the smelly area is sprayed with an easily-scratched substance, which also blocks the scent until the smelly patch is uncovered."
] |
[
"There is a huge amount of science behind pressure sensitive adhesive release. And, yes, if does involve \"non Newtonian\" behavior. Also, the backing sheets for bumper stickers and mailing labels have sophisticated release coatings (usually silicone based) that allow the \" sticky\" to last indefinitely in storage, but when you finally get that 2006 Prius you be been dreaming of, you can slap that \"coexist\" sticker without any worry about it falling off before the end of the second Trump administration. So, if you guys ever wonder what an industrial chemist does for a living, it's designing and optimizing stuff like this."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
Why does sleeping feel so good shortly after waking up?
|
[
"During sleep, a horomone called melatonin is released throughout the night to induce a relaxing sensation throughout the body. Once the body is triggered to wake up (I.e. sunlight or an alarm clock) the body stops producing melatonin. The problem is that even though melatonin is not being produced anymore, the remaining melatonin in the body lingers for about 35-50 min which is the half-life of melatonin. Edit: since im the top post which is awesome sauce btw!, ill add some info Melatonin production is halted by blue light, thats why it is beneficial to use a program like f.lux to reduce blue light from electronic screens Melatonin has little to no role in depression, depression normally has to do with neurotransmitters in the CNS Source: Endocrine class I took"
] |
[
"Your body paralyzes itself so you don't flop all over while dreaming. This takes a while to completely wear off upon waking."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
A presidential pardon decades after death
|
[
"Basically it's just to officially acknowledge that the person was innocent. It brings some justice to the family"
] |
[
"That justice serves until death and can swing how the court interprets constitutionality, potentially impacting just about any statute the government passes."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
How can American Airlines file for bankruptcy but continue to buy brand new planes?
|
[
"They're in Chapter 11 bankruptcy. In a Chapter 11, a business continues to operate as usual, it just goes through a judicial proceeding to create a \"plan\" to restructure its debt. There are certain restrictions on what a business in Chapter 11 can or can't do, but for the most part it's business as usual."
] |
[
"As someone who flies American and Southwest frequently, every player in the airline business is doing more than surviving. The weak carriers (USAir for example) have been bought by the strong carriers. Your opinions don't seem to reflect the entirety of airline passenger spending, as both United and American sold a lot of tickets last year."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What is the science behind ICBMs?
|
[
"The B stands for Ballistic, which means that the missile is boosted by rockets to a high altitude, then falls back down unpowered at an extremely high speed - something like 7 km (4.3 miles) per *second*. The sheer speed, combined with the lack of flames out the back, makes an ICBM extremely hard to track and intercept, by design. So the missile itself is fairly simple in principle, but getting it all to work is harder. If the missile's trajectory is set correctly during the boost phase, it means little or no correction is required during the terminal phase. Modern ICBMs have multiple independently-targeted re-entry vehicles - MIRVs -which separate from the missile and have their own rockets and guidance systems. The sheer speed of re-entry can't be over-stated. At 7 km/s, that means the warhead goes from 14 km up - 46,000 ft, higher than any commercial airliner - to the ground, in *two seconds*."
] |
[
"How successful have you been with everything but YouTube?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why U.S. conservatives are so against abortion but generally the first to gripe about families with multiple children on welfare.
|
[
"It generally goes to a perception of responsibility. A key conservative principle is that people should be responsible for their own actions and behavior. And children are a part of this; if a woman becomes pregnant, she should carry the child to term and ensure for its future. If you have children, you should be able to support them. That is the key conservative view on this."
] |
[
"How is Trump the choice for evangelical Christians? Look his Howard Stern Interview in 2003 _URL_0_ Talking about how far the hot intern will go, promoting the premier of The Apprentice, defending Micheal Jackson, getting blow jobs in the hot tub, how sexy his daughter is, and how great unprotected sex was in the 70s. You can also look at school programs cutting their subsidized lunches for six year olds. No matter who that child's parents are, in this great Judeo-Christan nation, you have six year olds who will not eat three meals a day, but the biggest issue is stopping abortion, lowering taxes, and keeping guns. Honestly many people use religion to make themselves seem superior to others similar to many vegans."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
The theory that drinking *more* alcohol will cure a hangover.
|
[
"Hair of the Dog, as it's called. It's simple. You get drunk enough to not feel the pain of the hangover. Physically, your brain stem is still dehydrated. You've addressed the symptoms, but not the cause."
] |
[
"Most alcoholic drinks contain lots of sugar. eating a ton of sugar, and getting dehydrated at the same time, no matter how you accomplish it, will give you the same gut rumbles."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
How can states legalize marijuana when using/having it is a federal offence?
|
[
"Through the 10th amendment. Powers not expressly delegated to the federal government in the constitution are reserved for the states. The only way to (legally) grant the federal government additional powers is by constitutional amendment. States with marijuana initiatives are asserting that the federal drug laws are unconstitutional since there was never an amendment to the constitution (as there was with alcohol prohibition) and are reasserting their state sovereignty on that issue."
] |
[
"1. Marijuana is not actually legal in Texas yet. The bill has not passed, only the people who decide what lawmakers are allowed to vote on said that they could vote on it. 2. Four states have legalized Marijuana. 3. The move is driven by small-government conservatives who believe that it's not up to the state to decide if God made a mistake when he made marijuana. 4. The bill would put everyone in state jail for marijuana stuff on parole, effective immediately, with a parole officer watching them. 5. The bill will have it be illegal for minors to use the drug without parental supervision."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Law and Politics:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Law and Politics:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Why is so common in the NFL to make the Super Bowl or at least make the Playoffs without making the Playoffs the previous year as opposed to the NBA?
|
[
"1. Football is a more team oriented sport. A good Quarterback can't do much on his own, nor can a good Cornerback prevent an entire team from scoring. 2. You're only competing against 3 other teams for an \"easy\" playoff spot, since the top teams from each division automatically make it to the playoffs. And then you have two wildcard spots in the primary conferences. While a smaller percentage of teams get in (12 out of 32, vs 16 out of 30), you have less local competition. 3. There's only 16 games in a season (vs the 82 in the NBA), so each game counts for more. A few lucky wins for your team or bad losses for your rivals influences your playoff chances more."
] |
[
"His team lost the playoff. MVP's are usually awarded to the winning team's player who contributed most to the winning of all the games played in the series."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
If Radio waves are omni-directional, why does a station go from clear to garbled and back again in a matter of inches?
|
[
"The cause is **multipath interference**. Radio waves reflect off of things like buildings and the ground. As the waves expand out from the transmitter, part of the signal gets reflected and part travels directly to your receiver. The reflected part travels a longer path than the direct part so it when it arrives at the receiver it's out of phase with the direct part. Because the signal is a repeating wave, *sometimes* the reflected part is perfectly opposite phase as the direct part and it cancels the direct part out. Most of the time it's somewhere in between which doesn't totally cancel but interferes with it."
] |
[
"I don't know of any way that wind would affect your signal. Unless you are near a bunch of trees and the tree branches are moving in the wind, changing how the radio signal is being blocked/reflected. But rain certainly can. Rain can both block the radio signal and cause multiple reflections of the radio wave. Both of these can cause your reception to be degraded. With analog signals, this can result in static, poor quality, etc. With digital signals, it will tend to be either good quality or nonexistant. As the signal degrades, it can oscillate between the two possibilities, causing a choppy effect."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why are .jpg's so bad?
|
[
"Jpeg is good for for photographs or other things that have lots of subtly different color gradients, but aren't great for things like logos or line drawings, or other things with sharp color transitions, or things that require transparancy, which jpeg doesn't support. Use JPEG for photographs and PNG for logos or drawings."
] |
[
"What do you mean? High resolution is good. The movies have a big resolution SO they look good."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
why can't we bring in sealed beverages through TSA checkpoints but we can buy those same beverages on the other side at 200% markup?
|
[
"For the fear that you might have sealed the beverage yourself and it might actually contain gasoline or other dangerous substances instead of an actual can of coke."
] |
[
"Generally it is cheaper as since it's for export only there isn't any state/local taxes on it. Also if flying now and you want booze, you need to get it after the security check point which means about the only place you can get some to go home with is at the Duty Free."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How can we feel tense / bad atmospheres in certain places?
|
[
"It's a purely psychological effect. The \"atmosphere\" isn't real, but lots of symptoms are -- these can include an odd smell, an unusual quiet, the presence of nervous-acting people, or objects arranged in a manner that's unusually messed up or unusually tidied up."
] |
[
"It is probably due to you associating the peaceful/relaxed summer atmosphere to specific smells that arise from plants etc during the season."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
If drawing Mohammed is disliked in the muslim community because one should not attempt to capture god's work in such a way, how come it is ok for so many to name their children mohammed?
|
[
"Islam is very against idols. It is okay to name your child in hope that they will share similar attributes, but depiction leads to false idols. So Christianity with their statues of saints would be considered to be promoting gods other than god."
] |
[
"\"Muslim's\" don't. There's no specific prohibition of it in the Qu'ran and in many countries they're absolutely fine with it. Some muslims are of the *opinion* that it encourages idolatry and false worship, which *is* prohibited in Islam. Some of those some muslims are extremists who just want any excuse to commit acts of violence and find this one a convenient one they can try to bully people over then act against if they're not obeyed."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does Islam prohibit the consumption of pork?
|
[
"Pigs can pose a considerable health risk and are not always safe to eat. Officially they're unclean animals, but the more probable and sane reason behind banning the consumption would be to try to discourage people from eating things that'll make them sick. Undercooked pork can be very dangerous if the pig was carrying parasites like trichinosis, which can cause vomiting, nausea, diarrhea etc - things you don't want in arid climates. Moreover, pigs digest things VERY quickly and don't always properly get rid of toxins and other stuff we don't want in us. As far as I know the European climate didn't make these health risks as prominent for the Europeans so eating pork isn't forbidden in Christianity unlike it's two other Abrahamic counterparts."
] |
[
"They believe that the verse in the Bible telling you not to consume blood applies to getting transfusions as well."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
safest position to take in an electrical storm
|
[
"If there is no possibility of shelter, I believe the best advice is to crouch down, as low as possible, arms round knees so you're presenting a round profile. That prevents any narrow projections that concentrate charge. Remember that the leader goes upwards first. Feet together so there is only one small area of contact with the ground. If a strike hits nearby, there can be a charge gradient across the ground which would preferentially go through you if you had spaced out points of contact."
] |
[
"ambulances are extremely heavy and so are great on driving on bad roads compared to regular cars, but at some point with a bad enough storm the answer is 'you wait and maybe die\""
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What is the difference between the credit card choices (MasterCard, Visa, American Express?)
|
[
"One difference is: Visa starts with 4xxx MasterCard with 5xxx and Amex with 3xxx, usually 37xx"
] |
[
"They charge a swipe fee ( or Merchant fee) for each transaction using a Visa or Master card."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Finance:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Finance:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
If Anxiety is just the response to danger manifested by producing adrenaline (Epinephrine), why is it not possible to create drugs that stops production of Epinephrine?
|
[
"MD here. In general anxiety has lots of causes(genetic factors, substance abuse, injuty etc.) but all of them lead to neurotransmitters inbalance(norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine). To treat this imbalance we use mainly antidepressants(they inhibit destroy of neurotransmitters therefore bringing back the balance). We also use bensodiasepines for acute panic attacks to slow down our central nervous system by increasing GABA in CNS(that's a type of slowing neurotransmitter). Cognitive behavioral therapy is the third(and effective) option of treatment. For your question. There are drugs that block epi receptors in tissues(blood vessels, heart, uterus, bronchi). But these receptors are crucial for survival(speeding up the heart, constricting blood vessels, dilating bronchi) so blocking them in otherwise healthy human can cause them to even die. So that's not an option. Sorry for my English(not native language)."
] |
[
"Shaking in general (including voice) is because of adrenaline released as part of the fight or flight response. During intense anxiety, your body is flooded with adrenaline/epinephrine which causes the body to shake. In fact this happens even when people are injected with adrenaline."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why can authorities seize the .se ccTLD for The Pirate Bay but not the .org gTLD?
|
[
"Different TLDs follow different countries' rules. In both Sweden and the US, the government isn't allowed to arbitrarily seize domain names- they have to follow some procedure, probably involving the courts, to do so. Swedish law and legal procedure allowed the government to get an order to seize the .se domain. US laws did not allow them to seize the .org domain."
] |
[
"Let say you buy the domain _URL_0_ on Go Daddy : Part of the money goes to the registrar (Go Daddy), who will register the domain for you in the .nz domain. Part of the money goes to the owner of the .nz top-level domain (Probably some New Zealand governmental organism)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Fundamental differences that set us apart from other animals?
|
[
"Humans are the only species who can understand abstract information. For example I could point to a door and tell you what is on the other side of it. You would understand without having to open the door. You would know if it was safe to open the door. No other species has this ability, yet all human cultures have this ability. The only other exclusively human trait I can think of, is the ability to control fire."
] |
[
"I am not an expert, but my answer would be three words: high interest rates."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do people become workaholics?
|
[
"I have been working 60 hr weeks the last two months. Took a 4 day weekend and spent half the time on phone calls for work. I don't know why..."
] |
[
"Are you saying we should be more racist towards cats?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Theorems, Postulates, and Laws...what's the difference?
|
[
"And oh yes, as to properties. A property is a sort of \"truth;\" a sort of quality of an object or a mathematical formula or anything that makes that thing what it is; that makes it behave the way it does. As to \"the quadratic property,\" the answer is a little tricky. Perhaps you are thinking of the Quadratic Formula? Which is a mathematical statement that when you plug in certain values, gives you an answer to a quadratic equation, which itself is a certain format of an equation (ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where you're solving for x and a, b and c are just simple numbers). However, you sometimes hear the phrase \"quadratic properties\"--such as \"this graph has quadratic properties\" or \"this equation has quadratic properties\"--which means that the graph or equation in question has properties of a quadratic equation."
] |
[
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
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