query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What is that sound that start every concert and always give me chills | [
"That's the band/orchestra tuning up. [ Typically the concertmaster signals an oboe to play an A and that's what's used as the baseline for people to tune.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Working at a nightclub I loved how it sounded when the loud raucous music stopped. Kind of end of the night you're half deaf and people are talking, drunk, looking a little rough with the lights on. I doubt this is what he was after but I liked it. I also love different silence, at home silent is fairly loud stil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why 8 fl. oz. of water, frozen does not weigh equal 8 fl. oz. of liquid water (minus weigh of container) | [
"If you take 8 fluid ounces of water and weigh it, it should be 0.52 pounds. If you freeze that 8 fluid ounces of water and weigh it again, it should be 0.52 pounds. The *volume* will change because at normal pressure, because water expands when it freezes. \"ounces\" are sometimes weight, and sometimes volume. Tha... | [
"There are tables for calories per weight of the individual ingredients.. How those tables were created you ask? By burning those ingredients and measure the heat they produced. A calorie is the amount of energy required to raise 1g of water 1 degree celcius. 100 calories can either raise one litter of water by 0.1... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why does Argentina have a lot of Nazi artifacts? What's the relationship between the two countries | [
"Argentina is culturally connected to Germany: Many Argentines are of German descent. The Nazi regime made use of this to strengthen ties between the 2 countries. The Pèron government at the time admired the fascism of the Nazi government and shared their anti-Semitism. Sympathy was not the only reason for the regi... | [
"Just the US as far as I know. To the rest of the world he was just another dictator. Possibly something to do with the proximity of communism to the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Under the new rules recently passed, what information can be sold and who exactly may purchase it. Is it a giant free for all like people are making it out to be? | [
"Basically, nothing has changed. The bill passed shot down a not yet enacted rule that was going to require ISPs to get your consent before being able to sell metrics information- basically, anything that google or facebook already sells to advertisers, other ISPs already could sell, and will continue to be able to... | [
"They provide services that the public requires and their failure might mean bad things for society as a whole. That's the argument at least. Not sure if I agree with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do we have two of some organs (e.g. lungs, kidneys, etc.) but not of others (e.g. liver, pancreas, etc.)? | [
"Surface area. Our body is constantly filtering via the kidneys and exchanging gas via the lungs. Having twice the amount of alveoli and twice the amount of nephrons helps our body keep up with the amount of absorption, secretion, and exchange necessary to maintain homeostasis. You can technically live without one ... | [
"There is not (with the exception of hair and fingernails). If a part of your body contains living cells, those cells can turn cancerous. You can get cancer of the bone, skin, muscles, blood, cartilage, nerves, etc etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How come there are fireplaces in the woods? Why not tear them down when tearing the house down? | [
"The fireplace is immune to both rot and fire. So if either of those destroyed the rest of the house the fireplace will still be there."
] | [
"At this rate, we'll end up... sending trash into space. Joking aside, once the holes are filled, they pour some dirt, put some grass and trees above it and often it becomes a park. There's one near where I live, it used to be a gigantic garbage dump, now it's a gigantic park. There are well hidden tubes coming out... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
- Why is it so hard to artificially replenish the ozone layer? | [
"Volume, the amount of Ozone we'd have to create is extremely high and would have to placed in high atmosphere."
] | [
"There are chemicals in your eyes that are bleached in the presence of light. A bunch of light temporarily overwhelmed your supply, so you are deficient for a short while until they are replenished."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why exactly is it considered racist for white people to be proud of their heritage, but not any other race? | [
"There are plenty of non-racist white pride celebrations, they're just more defined. My Irish and German heritage is celebrated by plenty of Americans with St. Patty's Day and Oktoberfest."
] | [
"It's a \"politically correct\" term. It can be, ironically, offensive to non-Americans of African descent with darker skin or Americans with darker skin that do not consider themselves African at all. Generally speaking, you are just fine saying \"Black\" in America and few will be offended by it. Similarly, few g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How come indigenous people have historically been affected by invaders diseases but the invaders weren't affected by some random disease that the natives had? | [
"It's not always one way. Syphilis was one example of a new world disease that was definitely problematic for Europeans. But often times the larger populations of more developed nations meant that there were larger infection pools, over time only the most infectious of diseases would be able to propagate. Also ma... | [
"> How did people in the Stone Age deal with diseases and mental disorders? They either got over it, lived with it, or died. People died a lot back then. > Wouldn't they have died out at a certain time? Individuals did but overall they reproduced more. > Considering countries today are very developed and still th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
...If aliens put a satellite into earth orbit to observe us, would we even notice with all the other satellites up there? | [
"Yes. Astronomers carefully track all sattelites - as do some world governments. Even space junk is tracked. Astronomers need to know where sattelites and debris are so it does not interfere with looking at stars. Governments want to know where spy sattelites are and who is looking at what. NASA and other space ... | [
"Nope The US Space Surveillance Network is tasked with tracking satellites(active or inactive), spent rockets, debris, and anything else orbiting Earth. There are public ones that exist as well that track most satellites in orbit. If a missile comes from space it'd be pretty easy to track it back to which satellite... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What would have happened in China if you got pregnant with a second child? | [
"You would pay a one time fine at the birth of your child (or when it was discovered) and you would pay extra taxes."
] | [
"Considering what happened to the Japanese Americans in World War II, I'm kinda curious what would happen to the Chinese Americans."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the point of the "objection" part of a wedding? | [
"It doesn't have a point anymore. Which is why lots of people are choosing to leave it out. Nowadays, when you want to get married, you need to arrange the legal stuff beforehand - proof that you are legally able to marry this man or woman. Which generally comes down to showing that you are not blood related / that... | [
"Would it be against the rules for me to ask for clarification on the term \"realignment elections?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The whole world has been pumping trillions of dollars into Africa as charity since decades now. Why are malnutrition, poverty, etc. still an issue there? | [
"It's a political problem. Large parts of sub-Saharan Africa are basically kleptocracies ruled by thieving dictators who only seek to enrich themselves and build prestige."
] | [
"The world is much better off in most cases. People are richer, hunger levels are lower, war deaths are fewer, crime rate is down. There are a few regional exceptions obviously (it still sucks to be in North Korea for example), but for the world as a whole, life is much better than it was a century ago, or even 50 ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Social Issues:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Social Issues:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If I just drew up some random contract on a piece of paper torn from a notebook and it was signed by someone else would its contents be binding? | [
"If it meets the requirements of a contract, sure: 1. All parties in the contract must be giving something. You can't just write \"You will give me $100\" and think it's a binding contract if I sign it. If you're not agreeing to do something for that $100, it isn't a contract. 2. The offers and acceptance must be c... | [
"If I borrow $100 from you, and you have nothing but my and your word that I borrowed that money from you, and later on I claim I never borrowed money from you. How do you prove that a loan had taken place? My word vs your word. If you get a promissory note, with my signature documenting that I borrowed $100 from ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is it when a US service member dies on active duty the family receives at most $400k, but when young man is murdered by police and the family receives $5mil. | [
"Well, a service member expected to put their life on the line but a civilian doesn't expect to die at the hands of the people who should be protecting them."
] | [
"UN law does not supersede US law as far as the US Government is concerned. The 2001 treaty you are referring to was never ratified by the US Government, or any permanent member of the UN's security council for that matter. As to why former military members want to do it, it pays A LOT. Back in Iraq's hay day in th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does odd meter in music (e.g., time signatures in 9/8, 7/4, etc.) sound and feel so unnatural? | [
"Music is much more acquired than you think. What sounds 'good' or 'normal' to you is the scales and the meters that you grew up listening to. The reason odd meter sounds weird to western ears is because...we don't hear it that often. 3/4 is an odd meter that we hear a lot so it sounds completely normal. You'll fin... | [
"They describe how many beats are in a measure. 4/4 and 3/4 are the most common. Each 4 is a quarter note, so one beat. 4/4 would be counted 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4. 3/4 would be counted 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3. There are others, like 2/4, or 6/8, which may help in organizing a piece, but to an untrained ear almost everyth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do archaeologists know what noses look like? | [
"The bone parts around the nose provide indicators of nose shape that they can use to create reasonable deductions of noses."
] | [
"Because we are lucky enough to have found some fossils that have impressions of the skin. It's the same way we know that some dinosaurs had feathers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Conservatism, Socialism and Liberalism | [
"This is probably beyond the scope of ELI5, and is going to have a lot of loaded answers. There are as many definitions as people who care enough to have them. My personal opinion: Conservatives tend to believe that tradition and the past are very valuable and deserving of respect. Socialists believe that people sh... | [
"In the US. Left = Democratic Party. Alt-Left = Liberals not falling inline with the Democratic Party policies. Right = Republican Party. Alt-Right = Conservatives not falling in line with the Republican Party policies. Regressive = Authoritarian Progressives. Progressive = Socialist."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How come there can only be two sith but loads of Jedi | [
"* Expanded universe history. The Sith fought a massive war with themselves long ago and the last Sith standing decreed the current system to keep them from destroying themselves again. * Its a lie. Palpitate clearly keeps multiple force capable individuals under him through the series and expanded universe books a... | [
"Remember that relative to the proportion of people in galaxy, only a tiny, insignificant amount wield the Force, even during the height of the Republic before the Clone Wars. Now imagine after Vader killed most of them off. Even if they were alive before the Clone Wars, chances are most have never encountered a Je... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Tai Lopez considered a scum bag for his "knowledge" videos? | [
"The popular YouTube channel H3H3 made [this video](_URL_0_) describing it really well. Essentially, his \"motivational\" videos are clearly disingenuous and fake. This, tacked on to his annoying voice and arrogant attitude, makes him pretty fuckin' scummy"
] | [
"Creating content other people enjoy? Why are movies a thing? What do the creators get out of it? Why is youtube a thing? What do the creators get out it? Why (was) vine a thing? That's probably the more direct western analogue."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do civil engineers calculate how much weight a bridge can hold? | [
"There's a class in college called \"statics\" and \"dynamics\". Where you learn about how much weight various materials can support and what happens if the weight is applied at an angle and how you can add support with cables and such."
] | [
"Well compared to all the steel beams, electrical cables, concrete, a pool full of water really doesn't weigh all that much. And as long as the bottom of the pool is reinforced and supported properly, it really doesn't make a huge difference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If Gandalf knew Bilbo has the ring, why did he let him keep it? | [
"He didn't know it was The One Ring - it was thought to be destroyed. In The Hobbit the ring was nothing special (other than the invisibility), and in the Lord of the Rings books it took Gandalf 17 years from Bilbo's farewell party to discover that it was in fact Sauron's ring."
] | [
"I take it you know your Hobbit story from the movies. If so then what you won't know is that the story in The Hobbit is a lot smaller and more focused. It basically follows Bilbo all the way. Gandalf disappears in the middle and comes back at the end but I don't think the book says anything about where he goes or ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why newlyweds should get blood tests | [
"I'm sure someone can explain this better than I can, but its basically to see if they can have children and what their children's immunities and what not would closely correlate too. Again... I'm sure someone can explain this better than I, but it has more to do with the children they might have than an aids test,... | [
"Well if you and your partner are going to have a baby I would assume both of you would know if you have any STI/STD. If you are unsure you both can get tested at a clinic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If heat sanitises, why can getting a burn cause an infection? | [
"Burning leads to an open wound. Your skin protects you from nasty things entering through your flesh, so if it's burned off it can no longer protect you."
] | [
"Bacteria and viruses don't survive as long on cold surfaces. Making it a bit chilly saves lives from infection."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does encryption work? | [
"Most simple explanation: * I put a key (key A) in a box, and lock this box with my padlock using my other key (key B). * I send this locked box to you. The \"man in the middle\" is unable to see this Key A. I never send Key B, so that key also stays secret. * You put a second padlock on the box, using your key (ke... | [
"> Is there anything more to it? Turn left."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do I create shirts based on existing properties without getting in trouble for copyright infringement? | [
"You either don't do it, or change the source enough that you can claim it's a parody. Selling merchandise using copyrighted characters you do not own is an incredibly clear violation, and there isn't a court in the country that would rule in your favor."
] | [
"It depends on what you actually do with the artwork. If you attempt to pass the artwork off as your own for any reason, its plagiarism. If you attempt to sell your copy claiming it is the original, then it is forgery. If you attempt to profit in anyway using copies of the artwork, then it is a copyright violation.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does water bother our eyes so much? | [
"This is dependent on the source obviously, but most water is not \"clean\", meaning it has particles of other things in it. Water in outdoor environments can have contaminants from farm runoff, dirt, algae, etc. Pool water can have chlorine, bromine, and salts that can cause irritation, and virtually all water, fr... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it that Asians who come to America not knowing English do better, within a few years , than most Americans who lived here their whole life? | [
"because the Asian immigrants that come here, at least the highly visible ones to mainstream american society, tend to be wealthy, highly educated, and highly motivated. If you compare them to the broad swathe of the American populace, then yeah, they seem to be doing better. If you compare them to American born p... | [
"It's sort of like, but not exactly like a poor black person living in the projects in the 9th ward of New Orleans. By the time they are an adult, they have a certain accent, speaking style and culture, plus disadvantages of having gone to school that might not be as good as an affluent white neighborhood in Connec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do boobs from the 60's/70's look so much different than present day boobs? | [
"As someone who has seen thirty year of boobs, the boobs themselves don't change. It is the boobs you see that do. I am assuming you are talking about the boobs you see in movies and on websites. Back in the 60's and 70's what a filmmaker saw as a perfect set of boobs was different than what you would see as a perf... | [
"Really all you have to do is look at societies that are still in the preindustrial stage such as tribes in south america etc. They have just as wide a range of breast sizes as we do so no we haven't recently evolved large breasts. I think large breasts as something to aspire to with surgery is very new just like b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is the appeal of social networking services such as Snapchat or Instagram? | [
"Snapchat and Instagram both allow text to be added as captions. For the sake of conversations, they have a similar appeal that a Skype video call has over a normal one - seeing the person's face. Instagram is more like a Facebook newsfeed than a conversation tool. It's more to show off meals eaten, clothes bought... | [
"It is a competitor to Facebook. It works in essentially the same way as Facebook, and you do the same things with it that you do with Facebook. Its primary distinguishing feature is the heavy emphasis on 'circles', which are groups of friends. You could have a Co-workers circle, a Family circle, a Close Friends c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do fake phone numbers start with 555? | [
"Because no real phone number start with that prefix. This means shows can use a number without accidentally giving out a real person's number - 8675309."
] | [
"Why have a $1 when you can have $10000000000000000000?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I see ads for the drug Humira on TV all the time, and it seems like every time I see a commercial for it, the drug is being advertised to treat a different disease whether it be depression, RA, plaque psoriasis, Crohn's Disease, etc.. How can one drug treat so many ailments? | [
"Humira is a drug that reduces inflammation. Because Humira treats a symptom, rather than the root cause of a disease, it's useful in treating a wide range of diseases that share that symptom. I don't think Humira is advertised as a treatment for depression, all I found online was people asking if depression was a ... | [
"It impairs cognitive ability, but only short-term. Any negative effects on cognition appear to dissipate within 25 days. There does not appear to be long-term effects on cognition/memory. For your body, smoking it increases the risk of developing lung cancer. It appears to cause lung cancer about equivalent to smo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about health:"
} |
The Salem Witch Trials. | [
"If you want a really good depiction of it I'd say check out the crucible. It is also an allegory for the red scare but it still does justice to the trials themselves."
] | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the colour black attract and store heat? | [
"You've got it slightly wrong. The reason why an object is even black in the first place is because it absorbs all the light. In other words, the color of an object depends on how it absorbs, reflects and refracts light. When an objects absorbs a lot of light, it will, by definition, be a dark color."
] | [
"Why would you think you would be able to walk through it. It's still mass it simply lets some light through. The only difference between glass and other substances is that it doesn't absorb or reflect much light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:"
} |
Why are some people smarter than others? | [
"There is no single determining factor. Size of the brain makes a big difference but doesn't always have a direct correlation. You also have to remember that \"smarter\" is a very vague term. There is \"artistic\" intelligence, \"mathematic\" intelligence etc etc. Some people are great artists but can't do simple A... | [
"Also, why are some people not ticklish at all?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is death by firing squad so bad? | [
"I would think any experts would be unavailable for comment. Coming up with a best way to die is like debating what kind of dog crap tastes best. I think the anticipation would be the worst. A shot to the heart would cause shock (feel no pain) and unconsciousness within seconds. Death would happen within minutes. I... | [
"What's so bad about having something made in Israel?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
In the hypothetical Gray Goo doomsday scenario, wouldn't an EMP sort the problem? | [
"If hypothetically we were to create a device that's not a nuke that was capable of generating a large EMP, then it would likely be able to destroy the hypothetical grey goo assuming your hypothetical nanobots worked in any way similarly to modern electronics. But since we have neither nanobots nor EMPs, speculatin... | [
"Grey goo is looking at the effects of nanotechnology/self-replication rather than AI. In grey goo, self-replicating robots consume matter and replicate themselves. If this is allowed to continue unchecked, the robots will rapidly multiply and theoretically consume all available matter to do so, until there are on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is reddit hivemind considered left and not center? | [
"Young people are generally more left leaning, where older people are generally more right leaning. Young people are also more likely to be on an Internet forum such as reddit."
] | [
"No it's really not, but since reddit has to feel superior to something, there you go. There's as much shit on there that there is on reddit, people around here just chose to concentrate on the bad. And you follow what you want to follow so it's not like they're throwing that in your face really. Imagine if reddit ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Aside from tradition or belief, what are the benefits/drawbacks to female circumcision? | [
"There are no known health benefits to female circumcision. Drawbacks include recurrent infections, chronic pain, cysts, an inability to get pregnant, complications during childbirth, and fatal bleeding."
] | [
"I think it’s because the religion can be controlling by modern standards. Some examples include the refusal of certain medical procedures involving blood transfusions and forbidding most mainstream cultural celebrations like birthday parties. I’m sure that like most religions there exist a variety of interpretatio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
So how did cows, chickens and pigs become the standard protein to consume? | [
"Cows are large and don't fight back. They also provide milk daily. Chickens can't fly, and lay eggs. Pigs reproduce FAST, and will eat damn near anything."
] | [
"We can. A horsewhipping is not just an expression. The other animals are food animals. While horses are eaten, they were a delicacy for stone age people, horses are not meat animals the way the others are. The other hides are products of food production. Most likely an old horse is an old friend and just buried."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are there no navy battleships with multiple large cannons in the US Navy anymore? | [
"Because they're obsolete. They have been replaced by aircraft carriers and guided missile cruisers. Both of which can attack ships and land targets over-the-horizon more effectively than a gigantic artillery on a battleship."
] | [
"*USS Missouri* and *Wisconsin* served in Desert Storm. At the time they were armed with their 16in guns, and what was left of their dual purpose 5in gun batteries after being retrofitted with tomahawk missiles. Other than that, lots of small arms. South American militaries tended to operate WWII surplus during th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Instead of trying to be emotionless, why poker players don't exaggerate fake emotions to confuse the opponent? | [
"Doing nothing all the time gives away nothing. Exaggerating fake emotions is you doing something, doing something can be tracked. In the case of poker where there are so many hands, you trying to mimic exaggerated movements will eventually lead to inaccuracies where your \"tells\" will become known. This technique... | [
"It's supposed to make them vulnerable and weaker than you in the mind's eye so they're less intimidating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do you gain weight when you quit smoking? | [
"Nicotine is an [appetite suppressant ](_URL_0_) , so it follows that people will want to eat more when they stop nicotine. Another side effect of nicotine withdrawal is anxiety, which causes some people to turn to food for comfort. Some people turn to snacking to stave off nicotine cravings as well, because it's a... | [
"Your body is telling you to quit smoking. Listen to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do employers set up their application processes the way they do? | [
"The resume thing is so a bot can scan and look for pertinent information, then, if the application is approved it's forwarded to a real person."
] | [
"More money is always the answer, but that's not the question. Why this particular job instead of the thousands of other jobs on the job listing site? Why did you apply for this job, what about this job or company interests you? Why are you qualified enough to get this job. etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the Holy See? And why is it in the UN? | [
"It is essentially the leadership of the Catholic Church, and is responsible for the governance of the church worldwide. It's regarded as a sovereign entity, akin to a nation state. For most of history the Catholic Church has controlled territory, however between 1870 and 1929 it had no territory but nonetheless co... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are fedoras considered "uncool?" | [
"Layman speculation, but I think it may be because fedoras have started to become synonymous with nerdy kids trying to look cool. *Generally* the nerdy kids who wear them aren't textbook definition \"attractive\", and they'll often wear fedoras with jeans, t-shirts, and things that fedoras generally don't go with. ... | [
"A fedora can look good when certain conditions are fulfilled: * You are outdoors * You wearing a suit * You are in a situation where wearing a suit is appropriate Fedoras are not that common anymore. It's no longer the custom for men to wear hats in public, and so fedoras (and other formal hats) have fallen out of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What the heck is happening with this banana? 0_o | [
"You can't reverse something from being rotten, to edible. The title is misleading. It's not a rotten banana, it's just a little bruised. If I ha to guess, I'd say all he's doing is removing the bruised look of the banana, but the taste and texture of the banana would likely remain the same. Softer and mushier than... | [
"#1 Wouldn't it piss the Americans off? Yes #2 What benefit do they get? See #1"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can antidepressants increase suicidal thoughts? | [
"/u/audigex has good answer, but it's a little long. Short version: Before drugs; bad thoughts but zero energy. With drugs, enough energy to act on bad thoughts."
] | [
"Suicide. Chronic depression, especially when combined with other mental illness, drastically increases a person's chances of attempting suicide."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
In Asian countries it's customary to remove ones shoes before entering the house. It's seems like a very common sense and practical thing to do. And yet in America most people wear their shoes in their home. Why? | [
"It stems from classical Asian (particularly Chinese) thought and perceptions on order. \"Inside\" is separate from \"outside.\" \"Inside\" is clean and orderly while \"outside\" is dirty (this also helps explain why it's viewed as OK in many Asian city for small children to go the bathroom in the gutter, for adult... | [
"It's a personal choice and as such varies from house to house. I don't take my shoes off in my own home unless they are abnormally dirty. If someone has wall to wall carpeting then it's typically considered polite to offer to take off your shoes, but then it's also typically polite for the host to give you the o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it feel so much better when another person massages your head as opposed to when you use your own hand to massage your head? | [
"This is based on my own experience, not scientifically-proved. But as someone who loves massaging very much, when massaged by others, I cannot predict which part of my organ (like head, feet) is going to be massaged and I feel really pleased. I guess this can also answer why you cannot tickle yourself, as your bra... | [
"You do it because when you're mad or stressed you usually tighten up the muscles in your face. Massaging it gives you a little relief. Women definitely do it too. Also stress/anger can give you a headache. Rubbing your head can relieve some of that pain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are some humans inherently more intelligent than others, or do we all pretty much have the same potential for brilliance if we work our brains out enough? (ignoring birth defects) | [
"Most of the things that people think of as indicating \"intelligence\" can be trained. People will have different \"natural\" levels of them, and will then also have different natural inclination to do the things that exercise them. The result is that people develop those skills by different amounts. Few people ev... | [
"It definitely is, though researchers have been unable to agree on a number in the nature vs nurture debate. Twins that have been separated at birth tend to end up largely similar in intelligence regardless of upbringing, kids that are adopted at birth are more likely to score around the same as their biological pa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do spiders walk on walls and pretty much any other surface? | [
"They use the force, specifically the [van der waal force](_URL_0_). Like geckos, the bottom of a spiders foot branches out into ever finer little hairs until they are so fine they are able to interact with the surface they are walking on at a molecular level, loosely bonding with it to the point that they almost b... | [
"Objects that appear smooth to us are actually covered in pits and fissures and ridges, far too small for us to see. The insects feet are covered in bristles or hairs that can interact with these little fissures, allowing them to cling on to and move along seemingly smooth things, even upside down. Here's a drawing... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why is it that the age a person can legally appear in porn is universally at least 18 (in some countries older) but age of consent varies so much? | [
"Just a guess I would think that we hold a child at a sexually mature age competent to engage in an intimate relationship. We do not see them competent to understand the ramifications of what appearing in porn can do to you in the future"
] | [
"It's not everywhere and wasn't always. It's just about people going 'that sounds about right' for when most people are emotionally mature enough to handle most adult things and you need a cutoff at some point. Some places it's 16, some it's 21 etc, some places gradually give you more responsibilities as with sever... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do arguments involving racial bias in the US rarely take into account the fact that the white population is much higher than people of color? | [
"These things are often taken into account, but even when you take that into account it still turns out that white people are over represented. The US Census says that non-Hispanic white people are about 62% of the US population. However, more than 62% of actors on major TV shows are white (from my experience. I ha... | [
"Heavily debated (sometimes by less than reputable people) but the general consensus is no, it has more to do with the fact that the majority of black people and Arabs live in poor regions of the world with sub-par education which leads to lower average intelligence from a global point of view."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Social Issues:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Social Issues:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do TV programmes like The Simpsons make money from being aired? | [
"Fox pays the creators of The Simpsons to create 1 or more seasons (depending on the contract). They use this money to pay the writers, animators, voice actors, creative staff, and everyone else involved with making the actual show. Fox is paying the creators because a certain number of viewers will watch the show... | [
"The shows attract more viewers to the service. Also, Netflix can sell DVDs of the show."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
pushing a car to start it? | [
"If the car is in gear and you're pushing it, then the rotation of the wheels will rotate the drive shaft (transmission, which then rotates the piston shaft (engine) (none of that is accurate terminology, by the way). If you get the piston shaft rotating, it can help you start the car because it will expand and com... | [
"Nobody. after 2000 years it becomes public domain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are memory storage options set up on increments based on the power of two (16gb, 32gb, 64gb etc...)? | [
"When you store something in a memory, you have to remember where you saved it, i.e. the index of the starting byte. E.g. you save a file, it is at index 1000. And remember you need to store that index somewhere, so that next time you are looking for yoir your file you can find it. Computer saves the address in mem... | [
"Because they lie. If you look on the box it probably says something like \"1TB = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes\", but that's not how it actually works. In computers 1kb=1024 bytes. This is because everything in a computer is basically factors of 2. So if you start doubling 1 it goes... 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do Republican candidates want to defund planned parenthood? | [
"1. Being against abortion is a winning strategy for Republicans wanting other Republicans to vote for them. Planned Parenthood is an abortion provider. 2. Republicans want to control women's sexuality and Planned Parenthood provides basic health care for women by providing birth control advice, contraceptives, cer... | [
"How is Trump the choice for evangelical Christians? Look his Howard Stern Interview in 2003 _URL_0_ Talking about how far the hot intern will go, promoting the premier of The Apprentice, defending Micheal Jackson, getting blow jobs in the hot tub, how sexy his daughter is, and how great unprotected sex was in the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why did commanders throughout history fight in the front lines? | [
"Because they were often the the most effective fighting force in the field of battle. Your typical commander was a noble, which meant: * they had ample food and medical care as a child, making them bigger and stronger than most men * they were trained in sword and horse almost from birth * they had the best equipm... | [
"It's to accomplish the same thing as radios and computers in today's modern armies. Communication. Imagine a battlefield filled with thousands of people, many wearing the same uniform. But each small unit with a different mission. The flag or more precisely guidon is a point of rally for those in the small unit as... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can companies give away free products and still make money? | [
"Generally, people are risk ~~adverse~~ averse. If you need to make a purchase of something, you will generally go with something you know (or heard of) is decent versus something unknown. Free products help people \"know\" what is out there so in the future, they will purchase something they have tried and liked b... | [
"A company wants to earn as much money as possible, so they change their website, selection etc. to earn as much money as possible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Everyone wants to cut the defense budget, but what would actually happen if USA removed half of its defenses around the world? | [
"If that actually happened, there would probably be a lot of geopolitical chaos, but it's not that simple. The US wastes billions of dollars in wasteful spending contracts that ends up in the pockets of CEO's of military supply companies, rather than actually going toward defense. So cutting the defense budget and... | [
"1. Most Americans are easily convinced that a strong military is worth any cost 2. Defense contractors lobby to make more money. They spread out their production, for example a fighter jet's engines are made in one congressional district, the ejection seat in another, the airframe in a third, etc. until a lot of c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do screens that you can only see when facing them from straight on work? | [
"Polarizing filters. Think of shining a flashlight beam. It comes off like a cone, right? A polarizing filter only allows certain light rays through. So picture a piece of cardboard with a narrow slit cut in it. Shine the flashlight through that. Only a little bit of the light comes out, straight through. A privac... | [
"If you put a camera in front of a mirror and watch someone's reflection through the camera feed, then you can see their reflection and they can't see yours."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does the stream of water from a faucet get thinner as it gets lower? | [
"The rate of flow (liters per minute or whatever) depends on the width of the flow and its speed: a high-speed narrow stream can carry the same volume as a slow wide one. Gravity causes the speed to increase as the water falls, so it must get narrower in order to maintain the same flow rate everywhere along the str... | [
"There is always water in the pipes that is under constant pressure (either from a pump or because it is coming from a water tower, so more water is above the pipe and kind of presses down, creating pressure). So when you open the tap, the water immediately gets pushed out due to the pressure inside the pipes. The... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do so many of my local (Californian) marijuana dispensaries get shut down if marijuana is legal through a Dr's. Reccomendation? | [
"The state has decreed they are legal, the federal government has not. So the feds can still raid/shut down these dispensaries."
] | [
"Retail stores are set to open in places like Colorado within a year or two. In other places people still rely on their network of dealers or use medical marijuana facilities in the meantime. In places like California the ease of access to medical marijuana has pretty effectively hurt low level street dealers. At t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does percentage grade work in regards to terrain? | [
"It means that for every 100 feet you travel horizontally, you move up 20 feet vertically. The percentage change is the percent increase in elevation as you move horizontally"
] | [
"There are two different values that you derive using the formula. One by adding, one by subtracting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If the human race originated from Africa and spread across the world, how do we all have different complexions and facial features compared to our African counterparts? | [
"Basically, what you have is natural selection producing different traits: for example, if you live in Northern Europe, and you have dark skin, you may not get enough Vitamin D, and you won't live to produce offspring. Thus, in Northern Europe, having paler skin, and less natural protection from Vitamin D productio... | [
"We don't. What we do know is that every person with blue eyes has genetic material that shows they are descended from a single human that lived about that time ago. So there may well have been other blue-eyed people around at that time, or earlier, but none of their descendants survived to the modern day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why doesn't America, Britain or "the free world" send an army to just take ISIS out? | [
"Let's assume we did this. Who do we target ? How do you tell an ISIS member from a local ? Answer is you can't unless they do something. We could probably enforce martial law but then we are an occupying force in a country (Mostly Syria) that hasn't asked for us. That's a recipe for guerrilla warfare - something t... | [
"ISIS and al Queda are not \"major military foes\" of the US. Perhaps they are military foes of the Syrian government, but that's probably not true. When the US fights a major foe, you're going to see a full-scale mobilization. The last time was against the Axis in WWII. This is a situation where the US might actua... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about current affairs:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about current affairs:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about current affairs:"
} |
Why do you feel like you're burning when in contact with something extremely cold? | [
"The extreme cold is sending your pain receptors into overdrive. At the end of the day tissue death feels horrible whether by heat or cold. Fire is generally much hot than the cold we feel is cold. So the \"burning\" feeling is not really a literal burning feeling but most associated with extreme heat applied to ti... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does investing in a startup work? And how do you make a profit as an investor? | [
"It just depends on the deal you make with the business you are investing in. You could, for example, invest some start up money, and buy a share in the business. you will then make what ever % you decided on of the profits the business makes. So, for example, you invest $10,000 and own 40% of the business and wil... | [
"A private company can have stock. The difference is that with a public company, you can just buy their stock at a stock exchange. With a private company, you'd have to acquire stock directly from a current stockholder. The price is determined in exactly the same way anything else is: whatever the seller and buyer ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how are plants related to animals? Which evolved first? | [
"A lot of different sorts of life evolved before either plants or animals even existed. At some point way back when, the Tree of Life split into two groups. Group A comprises organisms we now call \"Bacteria,\" while Group B includes everything else: lots of single-celled stuff, algae, plants, fungi, animals, and o... | [
"Living organisms exhibit: 1. Respiration 2. Movement 3. Excretion 4. Reproduction 5. Growth 6. Reaction or response to surrounding environment 7. They are made of cells Bacteria meet all of the above criteria. A virus is unable to grow or reproduce outside a host cell. Because of this it doesn't fit traditional de... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do plants that don't have seeds reproduce? | [
"Naturally Roses do reproduce with seeds, but many plants also reproduce vegetatively, this means they can spread through the soil with roots, or over the ground rather than spread through the air. If you take a cutting, many plants can detect that they could grow roots by having contact with soil and not light on ... | [
"They have no energy metabolism, they do not grow, they produce no waste products, and they do not respond to stimuli. They also don't reproduce independently but must replicate by invading living cells."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What did Rick Perry actually do? | [
"He told a person that she should resign. She said, no, she didn't want to resign. He said that if she didn't resign, he would veto all funding to her office. She didn't. He did. He was indicted for using his veto power inappropriately and coercively."
] | [
"What's a Tory, and why do so many people seem to hate them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we hear where sound comes from? | [
"Several ways. First, we have two ears and the closest one which is pointing toward a sound will perceive it as being slightly louder. There is also a travel time for sound and it will arrive at one ear slightly before the other, and our brains can detect that and translate it to approximate direction. Another fact... | [
"How can you sing along mentally the first time?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Other than going splat, what are some potential health risks to Skydiving? | [
"Similar risks to riding a roller coaster- the excitement could mix poorly with certain health conditions. Heart conditions in particular come to mind- your heart will probably beat like crazy. It's also possible to injure yourself on the landing even with a fully deployed parachute."
] | [
"I'm just going out on a limb here but i'm gonna guess that this would have something to do with increased awareness of Lyme disease in the 80s."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is amateur acting (like films made by students for a class presentation or something) so unnatural, awkward, and different from movies/tv shows? | [
"The quality of acting gets better with experience, and often times the editing and scheduling does as well. An amateur film for a class presentation might have two or three people working on it for a few weeks...and they're splitting their time between filming and the rest of their life. A \"real\" show has teams ... | [
"Everything about soap operas is terrible: * terrible writing - at 200+ episodes a year, there is just no way to keep up anything resembling quality * terrible preparation - actors typically only get a few hours to remember their lines before filming * terrible directing - episodes are typically filmed straight thr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If marriage is a spiritual Union, why does the government offer benefits if there's separation of church/state? | [
"because not all marriages are a spiritual union. My first marriage, when i was more of an atheist, was to another more or less atheist done at city hall with no mention of god. and it was still a marriage. The problem i have with the \"spiritual union\" claim about marriage is that that is just what SOME people, ... | [
"The reason they ask is that marriage is a legal status that may affect what benefits you are eligible to receive and what taxes you owe. You don't have to define your relationship status. You only have to answer questions regarding the legal status of your marriage, if any. It's not like the government wants to kn... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there anywhere on the planet that naturally desalinates ocean water besides evaporation and formation of icebergs? | [
"Many living organisms are able to separate water from its solutes on the cellular level through osmosis."
] | [
"rivers and other fresh water sources will pick up mineral and rock salts from underneath the river bed as it flows into the ocean. However due to the elevation differences, the primary cause for ocean to lose water would be due to evaporation. Evaporated water rain/snow back onto the fresh water source and repeat ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Geology:"
} |
How does "shadow banning" work? | [
"So it's kinda like I'm back in high school then?"
] | [
"They gathered proof that the accounts in question were violating Twitter's Terms of Service and reported them to Twitter. Twitter then suspended the accounts. Does that answer your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do medically induced coma's work. | [
"The Doctor's essentially give you anesthesia to make you go to sleep and keep you asleep. This is generally done for people who have suffered severe trauma; such as severe burns, several broken bones, head injuries, etc. In order to reduce pain, aid healing and just make everything more smooth. There are many of t... | [
"Follow-up question: would suppressing your immune system with sleep deprivation and binge drinking improve your symptoms?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why don't PGA professionals repair their divots? | [
"You do see caddies do it occasionally, but frankly it's a waste unless it's the right kind of grass. (You don't replace certain kinds of divots because it's more effective to use sand to level the surface and allow the surrounding grass to knit together.) The proper repair, in any case, is done by the huge grounds... | [
"I would like to see them wear patches on their clothes like NASCAR drivers showing who their sponsors are."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the rapist from the front page not waiting in jail for a trial? | [
"I treat 2x posts like that as victimization fanfiction. You could probably post a summary of a lifetime original movie there and get 1000 karma. Not saying this story in particular is fabricated, but it's unverifiable, and some have to be. EDIT: just read the update and I definitely don't believe OP."
] | [
"I don't believe he had been in jail for shoplifting for the entire 7 years, it was just the beginning of his cycle of going in and out of the system. He was arrested with Chris, after all, who is not being released from jail after the jump forward, and is in a wheelchair from a gunshot wound, which likely didn't h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why has California not legalized pot beyond medicinal use? | [
"Some of the most well funded anti-legalization lobbies in the state are sponsored by the legal dispensaries and co-ops. They would hate to have inexpensive, high-quality, locally and responsibly sourced cannabis flood the market and ruin their racket."
] | [
"Yes. People in jail for marijuana posession etc are still in jail in the states that legalized it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Phil Spector's Wall of Sound Technique | [
"He would record several of the same instruments playing in unison. The effect creates a layered and large sound, hence \"wall of sound\". The purpose was to create something that sounded better on radio."
] | [
"Star Wars Episode VII: The Jar Jar Binks Adventures"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Through the laws of probability, how are no one's fingerprints alike? | [
"It's 11pm and I'm on my second glass of wine, so I can't be bothered to do the math. There are three types of fingerprints: whorl, loop and arch. Most people have 10 fingers, and can have any combination of those three fingerprints. There are also three different ways you can take a fingerprint: flat, slap or roll... | [
"We really don't know. We base it on simple math and probability. It's so unlikely that we can say with high probability that every one of them is different."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does adding a third polarizing filter allow more light to pass through, not less? | [
"The polarizing filter doesn't only block the wrong-polarized light, but it also forces all the light that passes through it to now be polarized in the direction of the filter. Also as you've noticed, polarizing filters will let through some differently-polarized light depending on *how* different the polarization ... | [
"Your laptop utilizes a liquid crystal display, or LCD screen. Quick physics recap. Light is a wave. This wave can go up or down, or left or right, or any combination. An LCD screen works by first filtering the light so that all light goes up/down. Then, the light is send through liquid crystals. These have the int... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is there an absolute zero, but not really an exact maximum temperature? | [
"At Absolute Zero, molecular motion comes to a complete stop. You can't get lower than that. A maximum amount of molecular motion has yet to be established, so no maximum temperature has yet been determined.."
] | [
"Where did you hear that it's been calculated, or has a value? It's a philosophical concept, there isn't really math involved as far as I know. Are you referring to the singularity? I can see how someone could say that the singularity has a value of \"1\" in a weird sense."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If alcohol is considered a drug why do people call it being drunk instead of being high? | [
"I am not sure but I do know that if you go back to at least the 50's calling someone high was synonymous with drunk. Same with \"Stoned\" but I think over time society takes broader terms for inebriation and stick them to a specific method."
] | [
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why does it feel so warm when you sit where someone else has been sitting, versus sitting back in your own seat? | [
"It feels warm to sit where anyone else was sitting, including where you were sitting, if your butt is colder than the seat. But if you were just sitting there, then your butt is the same temperature as the seat, so it won't feel warm. However, if you were standing, your butt gets a bit colder because you're not si... | [
"The prank is, you put the sleeping person's hand in warm water, then pee on them, and when they wake up you tell them they pissed themselves. Just putting a sleeping person's hand in water does nothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Some people say calories are all that matter so what would happen to someone if they ate a diet of only 2000 calories of refined sugar? | [
"The \"calories are all that matter\" is in reference to weight gain/loss. You still need vitamins and minerals in your diet. And fiber is good for keeping your GI track healthy. If you only ate empty calories for an extended amount of time, you would star to suffer various vitamin deficiencies."
] | [
"When we're talking about calories, this is just energy. So from an energy perspective, 200 calories of cake and 200 calories of banana are the same. Humans can't run on energy alone. The rest of our bodily processes need other nutrients to work properly. If this is the context, then that 200 calorie sip of a smoot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do we yawn when others yawn near us? | [
"A few people think differently about why this happens. One idea is that when we see another person yawn, our brain tells our body that the area we are in has a low oxygen level. Another is the relationship of being tired, we see another person yawn and then become tired as a result. Lastly, there is an idea that y... | [
"Mirror neurons? The same reason happy movies make us happy, and the same reason we are more likely to yawn when we see others yawn, or feel sad when we see others cry. We empathize with the characters in horror movies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When I get zapped/electrocuted for a fraction of a second, but feel the tingle for much longer, what is happening? | [
"Shock can result in muscular spasms and tissue death from overheating, both of which can result in physical sensation. Somewhat unrelated, but 'electrocution' is actually a portmanteau of electric and execution, and refers explicitly to a fatal scenario, a non-lethal experience would be more properly called an el... | [
"Sometimes, one of my ears will go deaf for a few minutes and all I can hear is ringing (think being too close to a grenade in Half-Life 2 when it goes off). This is different from tinnitus, because I have both. What's going on there? Also there is no trigger. I'm thinking perhaps sudden drop of blood pressure to o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
What's with all the hype with Raspberry Pi? | [
"it's a charitable organization that makes a barebones computer that is the size of a deck of cards, yet has the power and capabilities or processing and outputting 1080p video all for $35. What's not to like?"
] | [
"Are all of your electronic made by Apple?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is NASA using the Delta IV Heavy instead of building more Saturn V's? | [
"Its costs. We don't need the power of a Saturn V for most launches. Most of the fuel burned in a launch is used to lift fuel. A Saturn V that holds a significantly more fuel than a Delta IV (6,540,000 lbs vs 1,616,000 lb most of which is fuel). If the payload doesn't require that much thrust to lift off why spend ... | [
"We can't get enough mass into orbit. Your fuel scales significantly with increased payload and right now Curiosity and accompanying equipment is one of the heaviest things we have sent from Earth since the Saturn V rocket stopped launching with only Cassini having been heavier The Mars Science Laboratory had a mas... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does the FCC choose which words/phrases to censor? | [
"> Comedy Central The FCC has zero control over content on Comedy Central. They only have control of content for over the air broadcasts (such has CBS,NBC, etc.) NOT cable. The network's own censors aka \"standard's and practices\" decide what they want to censor, generally to appease their sponsors/advertisers"
] | [
"As far as words, the US Supreme Court has ruled that broadcasters have a right to broadcast *indecent* material between the hours of 10PM and 6AM but never *obscene* material. Neither of the instances you describe (I think) could be considered legally indecent. Far more content revision/censorship is done by the b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Does the velocity of light compound on top of the velocity of of our galaxy's movement? | [
"No, it does not compound. The special thing about light speed is that it is absolutely constant. No matter how you launch it, and no matter how you look at it."
] | [
"I'm not sure what you mean about \"real time\" and \"slowed down\". We would see it over one second later because of the speed of light. The fastest known comet moves at 536 km/s, which is 0.1% of the speed of light. At these speeds you can observe color (and electromagnetic wavelength/frequency) shifts if you stu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
In American football the ball is held in a players' hand for most of the game, then why is it called football? | [
"All the codes of football - American, association (soccer), Australian, rugby, Gaelic - descend from the same sport (called football). Well, it wasn't really a single sport, it was a game that'd have slightly different rules from town to town, some which allowed people to carry the ball and others that didn't, but... | [
"Blocking. It is legal in NFL, it is not legal in Rugby. In NFL and other American Gridiron leagues, every player on the field is a valid target for a hit. Everyone is always running full speed into everyone else. In rugby, only the person who is currently in posession of the ball can be hit. It is a foul to touch... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When rock climbers use the hardware to climb and they nail them into the side of the mountain, are they retrievable or lost after use? | [
"There are three main types of hardware used. **Pitons** are hammered in, and left there. You can't re-use old pitons that you find, because they suck, and may have started to work their way out from freeze-thaw. In any case, almost nobody uses them anymore. **Bolts** (with hangers) are permanent fixtures. They are... | [
"I think how it works is that as you climb up, you attach anchors in the rock at the point that you're at, but you need to climb above the anchors that you've put in in order to place more, meaning that if you do fall, you're starting above your last anchor, and when you hit the end of the rope it's probably going ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
A Women's Studies degree. (Seriously replies only) | [
"As far as I'm aware it's essentially a specialized history (possibly also political science) degree. Like many degrees (history in general, political science, art, theater, sociology) there isn't a huge market looking explicitly for it, but simply completing a degree that requires research and writing (like this o... | [
"Donate money to a good history department of a university. (Serious answer)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Education:"
} |
Why do some viruses look like robots? | [
"Are you talking about the ones that look like spiders? The \"claws\" attach them to the cell and the \"head\" contains the infectious nucleic acids. The \"mouth\" injects the infectious material into the cell."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does water get from its source to coming out of my taps? | [
"Here is how it is done where I'm from. Pumps pull water from wells around the region, we have about 10 to serve a population of about 18k. As the water comes out of the wells it is mixed with chlorine to help clean it. The pressure from these pumps feeds the water to what's called a Lift Station. These lift statio... | [
"How much water is in the bath? How much is in the kettle? How hot is the bath water?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
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