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What is the science behind TNT Pop-Its (Snap Bags)? What makes them explode when you throw them at something?
|
[
"Inside the tiny bag is ~99.99% gravel or sand, the other 0.01% is a chemical called silver fulminate. It's a highly unstable chemical that ignites under any sort of friction ( by dropping, squeezing, or stepping on it). When the chemical ignites it creates a shockwave that travels faster than the speed of sound and that's where the \"snap\" sound comes from (kind of like how a whip makes its noise). This shockwave is extremely weak and that's why you can pop one in your hand and it wont hurt."
] |
[
"Water inside the kernel boils and the hot steam expands, causing the kernel to explode. Other seeds such as rice ( Rice Crispy Treats, anyone? ) can pop, among others."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
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Why Israel does not like the Iran nuclear deal?
|
[
"It's simple: they know Iran is full of shit."
] |
[
"Why is the US so upset over the labeling of US treatment of Native Americans as a genocide?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
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The weird noise your eyes make sometimes when you blink, what is it?
|
[
"It’s the tensor tympani muscle in your middle ear contracting. It’s sort of like the muscle pressing against the hearing bones in your ear creating a whooshing or rumbling sound"
] |
[
"Well. Vibrations in your middle ear send Nerve signals to your brain which then tries to decipher the cause behind it only to shortly realize it's your shitty alarm going off. That and what the dude above me just said."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Physiology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Physiology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
}
|
Why does time asleep feel the exact same whether it's four or eight or ten hours?
|
[
"I believe it has something to do with the fact that you are not conciscious when asleep, and thus any kind of recollection of elapsed time is beyond what you're brain had been doing while asleep."
] |
[
"It's probably because you woke up within one of your sleep cycles. When you sleep, you go through REM cycles. (Rapid eye movement). This time period is when you're actually resting. And these cycles get longer the longer you're asleep. When you first fall asleep, the first cycle is like 25 minutes, then if you wake up right after the cycle is over, you'll feel great. That's where the whole 30 minute power map thing came from. But the next cycle will be more like 50 minutes. Then an hour 25, and keeps going. Waking up in the middle of one of those cycles, no matter how much you're sleeping, will make you feel groggy. Which is why around 8 hours of sleep is recommended, that's approx around when a cycle ends."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
}
|
Red Cross told me my blood is super special because I am O-Negative, and CMV-Negative, and my 5 units of blood helped save premature babies, what is CMV-Negative, and why does it help premature babies?
|
[
"Cytomegalovirus negative. It's a very common viral infection that normally doesn't produce any symptoms. However, it can be dangerous towards immunocompromised patients and can cause liver failure. By not having it you can't expose it to the premature babies, which have weakened immune systems. This reduces their chances of infection, which is good for obvious reasons."
] |
[
"Blood typing is figured out by looking at what antigens they have. An A type has A antigens, B type has B antigens, AB has A and B antigens, and O type has no antigens. When an antigen is put into blood that does not have that antigen, it causes problems. That is why AB can accept A or B or AB or O, why A can accept A or O, and why O can only accept O. Just think of RH as another antigen. If blood already has it, it can accept it. Otherwise, it causes problems. If a blood type is RH+, it can take RH+ blood or RH- blood. If it is RH-, it can only take RH- blood. That was the ELI5 version, if you want technical details, maybe try wikipedia."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
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How does Reddit make money?
|
[
"Advertisement (as AlxeYo pointed out, you might have an ad-blocker on), sponsored links, and reddit gold."
] |
[
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
why we can secure banking/investment accts online but we can't secure voting
|
[
"The requirements are different. Most importantly, banking information needs to be tied to the person making the transaction. If any inconsistencies come up they need to be able to make sure they have enough identification information to trace the transactions back to the person who made them. This is exactly the opposite in voting. Voting has to be anonymous. Having anonymous voting but still being able to trace the inconsistencies back is a trickier problem. It's not impossible tho. The real big issue is that an election screwing up and a country having a tyrant running it who is willing to fix an election to win is far, far worse than any loss of money a bank might suffer. Electronic elections software has way more riding on it than banking software."
] |
[
"1. fees. do you really want to subsidize amex or visa with dollars intended for roads and bridges? 2. transaction processing / approval times are too slow - causes traffic."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
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If Stephen Colbert is so marketable and millions of people watch Jimmy Fallon clips on YouTube, then why don't the networks move their shows to prime time?
|
[
"these shows win against nothing. would people tune in every night when its up against football, voice, ncis, ect ect? I think they would struggle to garner as many viewers in primetime."
] |
[
"A show like Jimmy Kimmel isn't on YouTube for the revenue, they're on YouTube because it's free advertising. They don't want you to watch all the back-episodes, they want you to tune in and watch the show *as it's airing*."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
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Christopher Nolan's movie, "The Prestige"
|
[
"Eek - this is a tough one... I had to watch the movie twice to have it make sense... The Christian Bale character was actually a set of twins, but no one ever knew it - not even his wife. They take turns dressing as the assistant throughout the entire movie. One of the twins was in love with the wife, the other was in love with Scarlett Johansen's character. Hugh Jackman spends the entire movie trying to figure out how to copy Bale's signature move, and eventually turns to \"science\" as a way to do that. Eventually, he gets it to work, and kills off one of his clones every night. Besides trying to figure that out, he also blames Bale's character for the death of his wife, and all of the trauma drives him insane. In the end, he uses the clone machine to frame Bale's character for his murder. He then goes on a mission to destroy his life, and Bale's character is hanged for murder. The end shows the assistant leaving with the little girl, but he is actually one of the twins."
] |
[
"In Pulp Fiction, Mia Wallace (played by Uma Thurman) tells Vincent that she was an actress on the pilot episode of a TV show called Fox Force Five. The characters she describes in the TV show reappear in Kill Bill, which she also stars in. _URL_0_"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
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How is that the colors we see organize into a repetitive pattern (ROYGBIVROY...) while their physical wavelengths are linear (390-700nm)?
|
[
"The issue is wavelength doesn't define color. Photons can be any single wavelength, but our eyes sense the number of red, blue and green photons (there is lots of overlap), so a single wavelength light will be one color, such as red, green or blue, that doesn't cover what you get when you have two different wavelengths at the same time. So Red and Green light added together is yellow, and your eye can't tell the difference between that and single wavelength yellow (since both cases are just equal amounts of red and green excitation of your eye. The special case is purple, that is red and blue without green, on the EM spectrum halfway between red and blue is green, but if you actually mix red and blue you see [purple](_URL_1_), this color is not on the EM spectrum and does not correspond to any single wavelength. It is different because your eye can distinguish red+blue+green and red+blue without green. To cover all the colors a human can see you need a [2D plane](_URL_0_), they don't map to a line."
] |
[
"They are all electromagnetic radiation, and as such are all photons with different wavelengths.[ I assume you've seen the color spectrum for visible light](_URL_0_): the other waves such as x-rays or Wi-Fi /Radio are also on that spectrum, just outside the range we can see."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
}
|
Why can we see the xenon atoms in the IBM logo but not the atoms of the surface they're on?
|
[
"For the same reason that you can't clearly see objects far behind the subject of a photograph. The background is not in focus. That is a simplified explanation, but basically still true."
] |
[
"We can't see them because there's no light reflecting from them. We can observe their effects on the surrounding space."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
What would happen to the United States if China called the debt to be paid in full within 12 months?
|
[
"the debt is in bonds. which have a set maturity schedule. the bond holder doesn't get to dictate the terms. only the bond creator does."
] |
[
"Their GDP dropped to the point that investors did not believe the government would be able to pay its debts on time. Thus the rating on their government bonds plummetted. To prevent a government default, they received bailout money from other countries."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
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What exactly happens to your debt when you die. Who is left unpaid?
|
[
"All assets are usually frozen. The executor to the estate that is assigned by the state (usually identified in the will) must, by law, pay off all debt before any inheritance is given out. If no money or assets are left in the estate, the unpaid folks are out of luck !"
] |
[
"Any assets of the person or company will be sold where possible. After that, whatever money there is will be split between the various people that are owed money. In most countries, there is some kind of order of priority, for example the taxman might be paid before everyone else. After that, any remaining debt is written off. What does that mean? Well, imagine you lent me £10, and I promise to repay you next weekend. But next weekend I don't have the money. Nor the weekend after. Eventually, you realise you'll never see that money again. You write the debt off. That's what happens when someone declares bankruptcy and there aren't enough assets to settle all the debts."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
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Why hasn't NSA's "Prism" database been hacked?
|
[
"A common feature of secure cross network scenarios is a 'data diode' which literally only allows data to pass on one direction. So even if some hacky malware does manage to get through to the secure system there is absolutely no way for it to send anything back."
] |
[
"PRISM is a US government surveillance program where the NSA will work with US-based internet companies (Google, Yahoo, etc.) to collect data. Under PRISM, the NSA will have a list of \"court-approved\" search terms and these internet companies have to turn over any information they have on communications that use those terms. For example, if the word \"crayon\" is on the list, then Google will have to turn over any communications (emails, gchat messages, google searches, etc.) that contain the word \"crayon\" to the NSA. PRISM alone accounts for 91% of the NSA's internet traffic acquired. Basically PRISM is how the NSA collects people's internet data. As far as how it was implemented, it was started under the Bush Administration as part of the \"Protect America Act of 2007.\""
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why can't huge companies like Google and YouTube beat ad blockers?
|
[
"Google doesn't go to great lengths to prevent ad blockers for the same reason that Walmart and Target don't use draconian measures to stop petty theft. Sure, a big store could eliminate *all* petty theft if they wanted to - but not without inconveniencing and annoying legitimate honest customers. Same with ad blockers. It's not worth going to great lengths to fight ad blockers when it will just piss off the average user."
] |
[
"Many reasons: * most of them are not illegal, the user usually has to manually download and install the app * even if they are illegal, who has the time and money to sue them all? Occasionally you'll hear of the lawyer who sues spammers but that's far from the norm * their ads work well and guess who earns money from ads? Ad circuits. You could say that Google should stop crap like that but they get a cut and they make big money from it The unfortunate thing is that even more virtuous companies like the above mentioned one allow this, so imagine what will the small almost-failing web company will do to keep the boat afloat: adware, adware everywhere."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
What would happen to the human body if it got exposed to the extreme pressures of the deep ocean?
|
[
"rapid compression. if I had to guess... and this is a guess, your body would quickly fill less tightly filled spaces within itself. (intestines, heart, lungs, ears. rapid outgassing via anus, rapid color change of your skin almost akin to when you open a compressed water bottle and it makes condensation. like a flash, all your blood vessels etc would adjust. Not sure what color you would turn though, probably first white then red due to lots of vessels rupturing during the pressure adjustment. I would assume death would be in a matter of seconds. In other words very very uncomfortable."
] |
[
"You'd think so. It's actually cheaper and safer to explore space than the ocean. Having to deal with no air pressure at all is easier than having to deal with the extreme pressures at the bottom of the ocean."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:"
}
|
. How does a knife cut through stuff
|
[
"Every material has some amount of stress it can absorb before it gives way. Knives create a lot of stress by taking the force you apply and putting it in a very small surface area."
] |
[
"Its called a tennis ball basicly the same effect"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
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Why does everybody with Down's Syndrome look alike
|
[
"Because those facial features are a symptom of Down's Syndrome."
] |
[
"Where is the percentage of people that don't give a single flying fuck about fashion and just wear clothes so we don't get arrested for indecent exposure."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do parents need to force their children to eat?
|
[
"It's not about forcing them to eat. It about forcing them to ready right. Left up to children they will eat only candy and snacks. That's why parents want their kids to eat all their actual food on their plate (veggies and grains) before letting them go and eating dessert. The fact that some parents over proportion is unrelated."
] |
[
"It is harder to get to them to eat them."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
why does it sting when I put my contacts in if I haven't slept much /well?
|
[
"Eye gunk (Rheum) is kinda floating around our eyes while we sleep. When we first wake up, it takes some time/binking for that to go into the corners of our eyes which we end up wiping away. Putting contacts in shortly after waking up, this stuff gets stuck behind the contacts and irritates the eyes... Actually I have no idea why even if this explanation counts for anything... its only a bit of the explanation... (must be more blood flow in the eyes, making them more sensitive or something) I just hate putting my contacts in after not much sleep. Contacts/eyes suck. TR;DL: This is a useless explanation....why am I typing right now? Source: I wear contacts."
] |
[
"Why do they randomly twitch just once? I dunno. Why do you get a twitch that won't go away? Potassium deficiency. I used to get eye twitches all the time before I figured it out."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
}
|
Why does Israel continue to build/expand settlements in Palestinian lands despite international condemnation?
|
[
"Cause it does not care. It gets the USA to veto any action against it at the UN. The P5 countries: US/RUSSIA/CHINA/UK/FRANCE can put a magic veto on any action they don't like against a country they support. So the UN has really no power at all, just puppet bullshit and more money wasting. The are also the biggest weapons dealers in the world BTW Pretty much the same way Israel has nuclear weapons, still gets tons of money from the USA (which is illegal, can't give aid to nuclear armed countries) AND still tells Iran they can't have nuclear, although they themselves did not sign the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty AND do not let the UN/International agency inspect their nuclear installations (pretends they don't have any weapons and if you think Israel is doing anything wrong you are a Nazi anti-semite."
] |
[
"Under international law, Israeli settlements are considered illegal and not part of Israel. Israel's government has repeatedly been urged to destroy all settlements and return political and judiciary control of disputed areas back to its rightful owners. The EU voted to ban imports of products from outside Israel's internationally recognised borders, if they are labelled as \"Product of Israel\". Imports are not banned outright, but they cannot be called \"Israeli\" products if they're from the settlements. This, and other policies, have been labelled as anti-Semite by the ultra-orthodox establishment in Israel which has a large influence on Israel's foreign policy. Resulting in the PM basically not giving a fuck about the illegality of the settlements."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How do wild animals know to not drink salt water?
|
[
"it doesn't taste as good as fresh water. that's the same reason you wouldn't drink it if no one taught you."
] |
[
"Animals *do* get sick from drinking bad water. All the time. They're lousy with parasites. The difference between them and us is that humans know that we can avoid sickness by only drinking clean water."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why does acne hurt, and what is the actual white puss from?
|
[
"The acne hurts from the inflammation. The majority of puss is actually not dirt or dead bacteria. It is your own white blood cells (mostly neutrophils)."
] |
[
"It does not necessarily make it heal faster than properly cleaning the comedone, the clinical name for a \"zit\", but it does make a fascinating YouTube video."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
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If a women drugs and rapes a man then becomes pregnant, can she be forced to undergo an abortion?
|
[
"Of course not. Why would you think this?"
] |
[
"- If you criminalize alcohol/drug use or smoking while pregnant, women who drink alcohol or use drugs will be less likely to get prenatal care. Prenatal care is good for the health of mom and baby. - Women aren't going to give birth in hospital if they're going to immediately be arrested. So that means they'll be giving birth at home, or at sketchy clinics - Our entire regulatory scheme recognizes the fetus as part of the woman until the moment of birth. If it's illegal to take substances that harm a developing fetus, does that mean that it's illegal to get an abortion? - A woman being pregnant does not mean that she surrenders her bodily autonomy just because people on Reddit think it should be a crime to drink while pregnant"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What it would take to shut down the internet in the US
|
[
"Every country has an equivalent of the UKs peering points provided by \"telehouse\" and \"telecity\". This is where Internet providers connect to each other, and to international carriers who in turn connect to other Internet providers. The US will likely have many of these, so in order to stop all Internet traffic from the US you'd have to take out these peering points. Edit: Grammar"
] |
[
"If you think treatment of animals is bad in China, you have to seriously look at the treatment of people in The Republic Of China."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
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How does gas compression work? Highschool chemistry taught me that various states of matter are the same thing just molecularly tighter. Why is a compressed gas not just liquid?
|
[
"Super compressed gas *does* become a liquid for most gasses (though I think a few gasses like hydrogen get kinda funky there instead). Compressing gasses brings the molecules closer together, but most gasses need to be compressed quite a bit (or cooled down a lot, or some combination of both) before they actually transition to a liquid phase. Check out \"phase diagrams\" when you get a chance, they show the combinations of temperature and pressure for a given material where the material is a gas, liquid, or solid and can help you to see where things will switch from one to another."
] |
[
"There are two things going on, the first is called Joule Cooling, and it's a direct outcome of the ideal gas law. The law states that for any set of gas molecules, PV = nRT where P means pressure, V means volume, n means how many molecules, R is a constant, and T means temperature. Considering the gas in question, releasing the pressure increases the volume and that forces the temperature lower. What happened was that gas was compressed int he can, which made it warm, and then the can of gas cooled off in shipping to you. Many \"gas in a can\" don't really contain a gas. They contain a liquid, essentially a gas that's been compressed and cooled until it condensed. The liquid needs to \"boil\", adding energy called the heat of vaporization, to go from liquid to gas. This is done by making the remaining liquid, the can, and your hand cold."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
How does the box office work? For example Interstellar cost 165m to make but it only grossed 173m. How in the world does a cast get paid with 8m?
|
[
"Also worth noting that the profits from a movie don't end after a month of release. DVD sales, rentals, licensing agreements with streaming services etc all create revenue after the initial release of a movie."
] |
[
"Lets say big movie studio like Warner Bros wanted to make Forrest Gump 2. They would make an 'on paper' company (to make the movie) called 'Forrest Gump 2 Movie Company' then charge anything they wanted to the Forrest Gump company. Basically huge fees and although the film is a smash hit, they (Warner Bros) can make it look like it has not made a cent in profit because Forrest Gump 2 company still owes them money. That's how actors etc can be in a profit share contract of a huge movie but not see a penny from their profit share cut"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
If your eyes don't have pain receptors, why does it hurt to look at the sun?
|
[
"It is incorrect to suggest eyes don't have pain receptors. Some structures in the eye can be among the most sensitive to pain. The retina itself may not react to damage, but there are cells in it which (While photosensitive) are not used in vision. Instead, it appears some of these cells function to stimulate the trigeminal nerve, creating the sensation of discomfort. In fact, even in blind people photophobic (light avoiding) behavior can be stimulated, such as responses in the iris. This may also be why closing one eye reduces the discomfort, as you are effectively reducing the signal."
] |
[
"Is it blinking? Probably a plane. Is it not blinking? Probably a satellite. Is it daytime? Probably glaucoma. Have you gone and rubbed your eyes really hard for a minute? Stop doing that. Is it daytime and the dots are moving in waves? You might have parasites in your eye. Is it daytime and you've recently had lasik or other corrective eye surgery? For the last time, the doctor told you to stop looking at bright lights for a few months."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
If I drink half of a Five Hour Energy, will I have half the energy for five hours or the "full" amount of energy for 2.5 hours?
|
[
"There are multiple active ingredients in the stuff. Each of them has a curve that initially goes up relatively quickly and then fades slowly as your body processes it. If you take half, the strength of those curves cut, but they are not squashed in the time dimension. That said, it takes a lot longer than 5 hours for it to be 100% out of your system. The \"effectiveness\" ends when the strength falls below a certain threshold. With a lower dose, that would happen sooner. So, it would be weaker at its peak _and_ not last as long."
] |
[
"The issue here is that exercise burns a lot fewer calories than people assume it does. Let's say you go out and run a mile in 6 minutes flat. You're an average guy, a little heavy at 200 pounds. How many calories did you just burn? A thousand? 500? Surely enough to burn off that 12 oz. soda you drank earlier, right? Well, no. You burned only around 150 calories, which is about half that soda you drank in 5 seconds when you woke up. Burning calories through exercise is slow, and not very efficient. It's far easier to focus on dieting. *Just don't drink that can of coke in the morning and you save 300+ calories.* That *hour or two* of exercise takes a hell of a lot of effort compared to just reducing your intake of calories, and has *more-or-less* the same effect on your total weight loss."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
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|
How do illiterate people in developed countries function?
|
[
"Being illiterate doesn't necessarily mean that you can't read at all. A lot of times means that you can sort of read but you can't comprehend a lot of what you read. There are plenty of kids in school who can say the words that are on the page, but they don't really know what it means. If you're on of those people, you can find a job that has minimal \"reading\" and what does need to be read is often written in very basic language. What you said about birthday cards? Well, they probably know how to to write \"I love you, Jonny.\" They probably also know what that means. You might be able to recognize the pictures on food that you're buying. You may even be able to figure out basic math to know that the numbers on the shelf of the grocery store add up to less than what you have in your wallet."
] |
[
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why were the Star Wars prequels considered so bad?
|
[
"Personally, my question would be more along the lines of \"why were the original Star Wars movies considered to be so good?\" They had awful scenes and dumb humor throughout. The greatest thing about Star Wars IMO was the universe it created. Jedi, lightsabers, space travel, all amazing. However, breaking it down scene by scene I don't love them."
] |
[
"Star wars has turned into one of the largest Expanded Universes in today's fiction. The number of books and other media related to star wars proves that people like it. And you'll notice that the prequel star wars films are not on that list, because they were awful, even though they had better cgi. There is more to the quality of a film than quality of picture."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
how does a thermal explosion cause a human to get knocked back, as often seen in action movies?
|
[
"Movies aren't always representative of real life. Action movies even less so. Of course, it's possible for an explosion to knock people back. Because of the rapidity with which explosion take place, they almost always create a shock wave. The problem with being knocked back with the shockwave from a thermal explosion, however, is that the shockwave is likely many thousands of degrees. Of course, only being in contact with it for a short time, you wouldn't necessarily be burnt to death (unless it was a *really* hot bomb), but it certainly wouldn't be as clean as movies lead us to believe."
] |
[
"What you're seeing in your link isn't dust, it's the result of instant vaporisation at the epicentre of a nuclear explosion. Watch the telegraph poles and their wires, they just melt away into vapour before the shockwave hits. I'm not an expert, but I don't think anything similar happens when a normal, much smaller, bomb detonates. At least not to the same distance from the explosion as with a nuclear blast anyway. [Have a look here](_URL_0_) for a little more info on what happens when a nuclear bomb goes off to see how this all fits into what you see in your video"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why are metals like bronze harder than the metals used to create them.
|
[
"It has to do with the different phases that form in alloys. Basically two materials form a matrix that creates a hybrid grain structure that is stronger than the homogeneous materials themselves. It is a bit complex, but think about it like concrete. Concrete is really made up of sand, pebbles, and rocks. Each on their own isn't very structurally sound, but together they all interfere with each other's movements, making the whole much stronger than any one part. Tried to keep it high level, but I can elaborate if anyone likes."
] |
[
"Partly because it's relatively rare. Partly because, compared to other metals like iron and copper, it doesn't oxidize as much."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Economics:"
}
|
if we Americans strive to separate church and state, why are so many polling locations in churches?
|
[
"Why cant they be? The separation of church and state just means that there can be know government endorsed religion. It does not mean that politicians cant be religious or that government functions couldn't be held in a church etc."
] |
[
"As a UK citizen, I am unaware and uninterested in the religion of our politicians. Strange, since the US makes a great fuss about separation of Church and State, that people seem so concerned."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What is making the prices of houses in the UK so high? Is there any hope of fixing this issue?
|
[
"There are a finite number of houses and a finite amount of space. So as population grows and more and more people want houses... prices rise. There is no solution save a good plague or a good war. Need to get rid of the bodies or acquire more land."
] |
[
"It’s because of the uncertainty in the stock market coupled with the stalling of the realty market; people are assuming that this is going to cause interest rates to climb while investment goes conservative. But it’s all projections and guesses."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Economics:"
}
|
how does "old faithful" erupt so consistently
|
[
"[It doesn't](_URL_0_), at least, not anymore. The 1983 Borah Peak earthquake set the schedule off balance, and another in 1998 really changed things up. Geysers are fed by underground rivers that lie above a pool of magma. After an eruption, the water begins to fill back up and the pressure increases. Pressure causes the water to be superheated (over boiling temp, like a pressure cooker ^hello ^NSA!) by the magma and, like a volcano, the turbulent pressure brings it to the surface. When it reaches the surface, the pressure inside drops, which causes the superheated water to become volatile. It vaporizes and shoots out of the geyser like a rocket. [Mythbusters](_URL_1_) has an example of superheating that offers a pretty neat visualization."
] |
[
"usually its a euphemism for foods with lots of fiber which help you poop more regularly and consistently."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do Black Lives Matter protesters only show up for police-involved shootings? Why are black-on-black shootings ignored?
|
[
"The protesters aren't there just because people are dying or because they hate \"shootings\". Black lives matter is about a particular issue - injustice at the hands of the people / systems that are designed to protect us all equally. You might as well be asking why the same people aren't also showing up for events about diabetes and heart disease since these kill a lot of black people. Further, black on black violence has been the subject of many conferences and events. It doesn't receive much coverage in the media."
] |
[
"There is none. He was shot because he was advancing toward a police officer after having stole his gun. The segments of protesters cliaming he was shot because of his color are opportunists and hypocritical. Were always hearing about all the problems in Furguson, yet there have been no protests prior to this tragedy. The solution is simple, stop stealing cigars and obey police."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Beer and rate of consumption...
|
[
"2 a day would be healthier. When you drink 14 at once, your body is going to struggle to deal with it at once, you're taxing your system a lot more. While a couple a day, your liver can deal with that without a bunch of backlog, you're not going to be sick, not going to be dehydrated etc..."
] |
[
"By the cheapest gas, any brand will do."
] |
eli5_question_answer
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{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
When momentarily walking past fumes (exhaust, tar, etc) is it better to breathe normally or to restrict your breathing for a short period (thus reducing oxygen intake)?
|
[
"Hold it. There isn't harm in short periods without breathing, so the down side is nil. The stuff you're breathing probably isn't going to hurt you if it's just a whiff, but there's more potential harm from it than from held breath."
] |
[
"Breathing in via your nose is always better than via your mouth.(except when you compare sheer volume) This is because your nose filters the air of possible toxins, heats it and moistens it so it is best suited for your lungs. This leads to the best diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. However if you breath out you just want to get rid of the air is quickly as possible so you have room for another intake because you need to catch your breath."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
}
|
How is the Universe expanding if gravity pulls things together?
|
[
"Wouldn't physicists like to know. But seriously, they dont know. At this point, all we have are some theories. Mainly, dark energy. Basically an unknown, undetectable force that pushes on everything in the universe. Locally, its not strong enough to overcome gravity, which is why stars, planets, orbits, galaxies, etc. still exist; but on a cosmic scale, it is strong enough to push all the clumps of mater (which are basically clumps of gravity), away from each other. It's also worth mentioning that, since dark energy expands space itself, and isn't technically *moving* anything, the expansion of the universe is actually faster than the speed of light. Some galaxies are moving away from each other so quickly, that light from one galaxy would never be able to reach the other, because it cant travel fast enough."
] |
[
"Basically the only thing astrophysicists know for sure is the stuff they can directly observe and the stuff they can prove with observations or calculations. For example we know for sure the universe is expanding because we can actually see everything moving away from us. What we don't know is exactly how, because we can't see what is physically pushing things away. By all means gravity should be pulling things together and things should be moving the other way. But the observations say that everything is moving away so we know for sure that SOMETHING is pushing everything away from us."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
How does the placebo effect actually work?
|
[
"You have substances in your body that are chemically very similar to the drugs that are prescribed by physicians. The reason drugs work is because we have receptors that drugs may biochemically bond with. In the case of placebo, it's believed that the suggestion actually activates the body to create and mobilise the natural substances to bind to the receptors. So, for example, our bodies make natural opioids (dynorphins, enkephalins, endorphins, endomorphins and nociceptin) which are natural analgesics. In the example of pain, a placebo primes the individual to create their own opioids. RadioLab had an excellent programme on this, [podcast is here](_URL_0_)"
] |
[
"Same ingredients, same results. Placebo effect might lead you to believe otherwise."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why do we find "sweet" things so pleasurable? Even other animals really seem to enjoy sweet things.
|
[
"Sweet implies calories, and animals need calories to survive. Animals evolved not knowing where their next meal was coming from, so it benefits them to eat as many calories as possible while they can. By making calories pleasurable, it creates a desire to eat them."
] |
[
"Children are pre-disposed (genetically) to like sweet things and be repelled by bitter things. My understanding of this is that it is a evolutionary poisoning prevention method, bitter plants are more likely poisonous than sweet ones. As we grow up, the bitter aversion decreases and we are able to appreciate the depth of flavors afforded by the hops. PS. I am *NOT* saying people who don't like beer are childish. Some people just don't like beer."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
how do multilane highways reduce traffic if they merge to fewer lanes without oppurtunity to turn off?
|
[
"They alow the people driving at a faster rate to get ahead of those that are driving at a slower rate and causing the traffic to collect behind them."
] |
[
"Collector lanes (also called local-express lanes) are useful to mitigate the slowing effects of \"weaving\", where traffic entering the highway has to merge past traffic exiting the highway. When you have a collector lane, the weaving will ideally only slow down traffic on the collector, leaving the express lanes unaffected."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Canned meat not needing refrigeration?
|
[
"Part of the canning process is heating the cans after they are sealed. The heat kills any bacteria present in the contents, and the sealed can prevents any new bacteria from getting in. As long as the can isn't compromised most canned goods remain safe almost indefinitely (although many won't taste good after a long time)."
] |
[
"The juices on the shelf are long-life and don't need to be refrigerated."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Food and Beverage:"
}
|
Why do the members of the Whitehouse press pool yell out questions to the President after they have been told that no questions will be taken.
|
[
"That's what you do as a journalist, ask questions. You wouldn't be doing your job if you kept quiet. It's pretty normal in all settings like this. There's a big difference between \"we asked, and he didn't want to answer\" and not asking at all. I don't know if it's ever worked in a presidential press conference, but it certainly does happen that someone will decide to answer a poignant question even though he didn't want make any comments."
] |
[
"There are three groups in the chamber: The democrats - they will rise in support of anything the president says, that they agree with (which is pretty much all of it) The republicans - they will rise once or twice when Obama is talking about something they agree with The supreme court - they will not rise for most of the speech, so as to remain impartial towards anything that could come before the court."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do we use the "Qwerty" keyboard?
|
[
"You can wiki for more. The basic story is that English has a number of common letter pairs. On old typewriters these letter pairs were often so close together that the arms (that \"type\" the letters onto the page) could swing in and jam if the operator was too quick. So the Qwerty board was developed. It breaks up the common letter pairs so that jams happen less frequently."
] |
[
"Can you better explain what you are asking about? My google searching doesn't exactly explain what \"The Three Liars Paradox\" is."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How do companies like EB games and Gamestop make money when the game/console creators sell the game online for the same price?
|
[
"Source: I was an assistant manager at Gamestop, and I worked there from 2011-2014. A very large majority of their money comes from used games. We paid $54 for every $60 new game we sold. We only made about $25 off of new consoles. The only thing that keeps them afloat is used games. We would make $35 off a used game that recently just came out which is more than a new console and new game combined."
] |
[
"Because third party retailers would not appreciate someone undercutting them. If the digital version was sold for less (or the same) price as the physical copy then stores would refuse to stock that item and all future items that were made by that company."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
What would happen to the financial stability of the United States if foreign governments suddenly stopped investing (and reinvesting) in U.S. treasury bonds?
|
[
"The majority of Treasuries are held by private individuals or corporations, or by the U.S. government itself. As far as I am aware, foreign governments to not hold a significant share of the debt, but foreign central banks account for a large chunk. If those central banks decided no longer to buy U.S. Treasuries, then: - Demand for the bonds would fall. - Prices would fall (interest rates would rise) - Other investors would buy more bonds at the higher interest rates, but not enough to offset the rise in rates. - The Federal Reserve, if it thought that rates had risen too much, would sell bonds to lower the rates. - Life would go on, but it would cost the U.S. more to finance its debt. Depending on how much more, this may cause medium-term sustainability issues that might oblige it to cut deficits, which would hamper the ongoing economic recovery. Of course, a scenario in which foreign central banks outright refuse to buy U.S. Treasuries would be one in which other things had changed as well."
] |
[
"Countries borrow money from people, organizations, etc. who are looking for investment returns. They aren't borrowing the money from each other. For example, the U.S. government sells bonds that individuals, insurance companies, university endowments, etc. buy to earn interest. This is the U.S. debt -- the money owed to bond holders. And the vast majority of U.S. government debt is owned by Americans and American organizations."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why there is such a variance in the human phenotype, as compared to other species?
|
[
"the same reason asian people tend to look the same to a white person. they're so different from us that we overlook the subtle differences that are in fact obvious to someone or some animal of the same species. e.g. they do vary, you just don't notice it because you aren't an elephant. the point about human evolution that /u/lithuim brings up below is also a good point to add, humans specialize in recognizing subtlties in other humans, irrespective of the points above."
] |
[
"Yes, there are similar genetic disorders in other animals - but their different biology leads to very different expressions. So no Down Syndrome, but other similar disorders occur in other animals."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
If poverty is so bad in an area like in ghettos or in Africa. Why do people so readily continue having children only to be born in to hardship?
|
[
"You think of them as another mouth to feed because you're a middle class guy in a nation with child labor laws. If you were in the developing world you might think of them as another pair of hands to help with the work or something to exchange for goods in a wedding. Or you might simply be uneducated with no access to contraceptives and no other activity to bring you any joy."
] |
[
"It hasn't been that many years since discrimination against black people was legal in most of the nation. Those sorts of laws have a large impact. You had many black people who didn't get equal educations to white people, who weren't getting hired for well paying jobs, who didn't have hopes for the future because of racist laws and racist policies in workplaces. That has an impact. If you didn't get a good job, you raise your children in poverty. And it is difficult for people to escape the cycle of \"born poor, live in a bad neighborhood, get married to another poor person, and have poor kids.\" It will take generations for real change to happen in this regard."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about Sociology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Sociology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
why aren't there electoral systems that allow negative votes?
|
[
"There are several different voting systems that allow you to downvote certain candidates. However it is usually not compulsory. However the most effective way to keep people from voting strategically is to use a ranked voting system where you sort the options from most preferable to least preferable."
] |
[
"Can I amend this question by asking: Why are they the only two dominant parties? Why can't other parties form and be a part of the political process?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
How does changing electricity companies work when it travels in the same wires?
|
[
"See the electricity network as a huge tank (the wires). There are some things that need to be done: the tank has to be filled with electricity, the tank has to be maintained and the electricity has to be distributed to the people. These things can be done by different companies! There is usually only one company owning the network and maybe a few filling the tank, but there can be lots of companies distributing your electricity. They can all make a difference to eachother by offering you deals with gas or other services, by making different arrangements with the owner of the tank, ... That way you get better competition and a fair price for both consumer and producer."
] |
[
"Electricity can be transported underground. It costs a lot more to dig up the streets and lay the lines. In some cities' downtowns all of the lines are underground though, Portland, OR for one."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do my mom's ashes make a weird sound?
|
[
"> What happens to the bones during cremation? If I had to guess, it probably is the hard, remnants of bone hitting the inside. That, or ghosts."
] |
[
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Why do we have fingerprints, why are they located on our fingers/hands?
|
[
"\"Fingerprints\" are actually NOT only on your fingers and hands but over your entire body! If you look closely at your arm you'll notice hundreds of tiny lines across your arm, this is most obvious near your elbow. These are actually the same lines as your fingerprints. [Here's an example of what your skin looks like under the surface](_URL_0_). Notice the waves in the bottom layer? Those exist to increase the surface area between your skin layers and this makes your skin much stronger and keeps it anchored in place. On the surface those look like tiny lines which we call fingerprints. The reason why they're more pronounced on your hands (and also your feet) is because the skin in those areas takes the most abuse and has to be the strongest, so the lines are more pronounced."
] |
[
"Everybody's veins are a little bit different. The same can be said for iris and retina patterns, and for prints from the nose, lips, tongue, and ears besides fingers and feet."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How exactly does the counting for total karma work?
|
[
"Keep in mind that self. posts don't add anything to your karma count."
] |
[
"Could you clarify your question? What do you mean by work?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
How are "generations" measured? Where is the cut off?
|
[
"A \"generation\" is a vague unit of time, so it depends on the context. In genealogical or biological terms, it is strictly the parent/child measurement, so yes, you would be in the same generation as your cousin, since you share the same percentage of genes of your grandparents. In a sociological context, \"generations\" are defined more vaguely as the group of people who grew up and lived together in similar circumstances. It starts at a relatively arbitrary point, in america it starts with the 1885-1900 generation, \"The Lost Generation\", The people who went through WWI and then the roaring 20s. Then the kids born in the next 20-25 years or so are the next generation, \"greatest generation\", then the \"lucky few\", \"baby boomers\", \"Generation X\", and most recently \"millennials\". The generations are usually named after what they do when they're aged 25-50, not when they're born. Sorry if that was a shitty explination"
] |
[
"Generation X is generally considered people born from the late 60's to very early 80's. I believe you're referring to what they have temporarily dubbed \"Generation Z\" until a more definitive name can be established."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
What is the purpose of humans having emotions?
|
[
"Emotions guide us in the Darwinian process of the survival of the fittest. So love makes us bond with partners and family to help us survive and propagate while hate guides us to strike down competitors etc."
] |
[
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Law and Entertainment:"
}
|
How does sand become glass?
|
[
"Quartz sand *doesn't* become glass. It becomes fused silica, but you'd need an oxygen jet in your campfire, since silica won't melt until around 3,000F degrees. However, if you first mix sand with other chemicals, borax, lime, or baking soda for example, the quartz sand will dissolve in the melted borax etc. That way you only need glowing-red temperatures to get glass. Typical cheap window-glass is not quartz, it's \"soda lime glass.\" And Pyrex cookware, that's borax-silica glass."
] |
[
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
how do people graduate/finish school early
|
[
"They don't complete 12 years of school, that's how. They do some school, and everyone involved agrees it would be a waste of time to have them sit through the same stuff as everyone else, so they skip them past several grades. 16 isn't really that crazy, I graduated high school at 17, and I went through every grade. Someone who graduates then could have just skipped some elementary school grade, or started 1st grade when they were 4, instead of the more normal 5. People who are younger just skipped more grades, or accomplished the requirements for graduating in less than 4 years, which cuts out a year."
] |
[
"Also universities offer grad school programs (masters and PHD) where colleges only offer bachelors/associate degrees. That is the technical difference between a college and university"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
how does CPR help someone who has been drowning?
|
[
"I'm not a doctor, just a paramedic, but this is my basic understanding of how it works. Not all drowning victim have water in their lungs due to involuntary laryngospasm. But either way, the lack of oxygen to the brain and other organs causes unresponsiveness and cardiac arrest. Once the person has been removed from the water, cpr is performed to reoxygenate the blood and circulate that oxygenated blood through the body and to reperfuse organs. If you're successful, the body will start to cough up and remove the water that's in the lungs. Also, the lungs can absorb small amounts of fluids on their own, getting rid of the last bit of water creating more lung surface area to exchange gases."
] |
[
"During shock, the blood pressure actually drops. If someone slips into unconsciousness, then you have another problem to worry about, are they breathing, are they still alive? Easier if they are only suffering from the trauma and can communicate with you. I'm a paramedic so that's how I look at it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
why it takes less time to fly from west to east compared to flying from east to west
|
[
"In really high altitudes there is moving air called \"Jetstreams. In the northern hemisphere the jetstream generally moves from west to east. The planes can ride this jetstream giving the plane more thrust, vs if the plane travels east to west it has to overcome the drag created going against it. Think of it like a river. It's hard to paddle upstream but not down it."
] |
[
"They're really not that close. South Africa is as close to the south pole as southern USA is to the north pole."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why do most live performers remove their in ear moniters when they perform? If it affects their performance, why do they wear it in the first place?
|
[
"> As a professional musician for over a decade, the simple answer is this: In-ear monitors are excellent for keeping a fine tuned ear on what is being played, hearing click tracks, and getting cues. When someone takes out one (or sometimes both) of their in-ears, it's to either REALLY hear the ambient sounds around them, more accurately hear the crowd, or just as often, simply get a break from the (necessary) loudness directly in their ear. Actively listening to what's piped into your in-ears is what keeps musicians on key/on tempo. Taking them out gives them a break from the audio assault, and lets them engage with their actual surroundings instead of being in an isolated audio environment. From /u/jayrobhearthrob 's reply. It deserves to be a top level post but he says he doesn't know how to Reddit, so I'm helping."
] |
[
"Because you can hear what you're singing when you're listening to the radio, but you have nothing to go off of when you're singing on your own. This is one of the reasons singers in the studio will have headphones on and be listening to the instrumentals while recording vocals."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How can people not get source code for a game even though they have the exe and files
|
[
"The .Exe just contains the compiled code, which is pretty hard to reverse engineer into source code. This compiled code is what the computer actually reads and for the most part is just long strings of numbers and next to impossible for a human to read fluently. The problem with reverse engineering compiled code is that a lot of information is lost during the compiling process. It just becomes setting, moving and copying data from other places in memory. What those numbers actually mean is lost pretty quickly."
] |
[
"A) Scene groups either provide the CD key from the disc they actually bought. or B)They reverse engineer the CD key algorithm to create key generators which make \"valid\" CD keys."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do forensics assess whether someone was raped before or after being killed?
|
[
"Rape tends to damage tissue a lot. If alive when damage is inflicted, the body immediately reacts to the damage in various ways, causing bruises. Plus when there are rips and tears, the man or woman who has been raped will bleed if alive. If dead, there won’t be any bleeding because the heart isn’t pumping, and microscopic changes that occur as the body reacts to injury won’t be present."
] |
[
"With expert testimony from a psychologist stating that the person was not sane at the time they committed the crime."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Why do some computer mice cost as much as $120?
|
[
"Because money goes into design, research of technology, parts, marketing and ofg course lots of profits. When people spend a lot of time playing games, they want their connection the the computer, of which a mouse is one, to be the best."
] |
[
"Why do some pens cost hundreds of dollars? Because some people will pay hundreds of dollars for a pen."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
How do the mico transactions work in the new Battlefront, and why is everyone freaking out about not being able to play as Darth Vader? Noob here.
|
[
"Only a couple of heroes are unlocked by default, the rest have to be bought with in game money. You can earn in game money by playing the game or buying it with real money. many people feel the rate at which you earn in game money is reduced to such a level as to be frustrating to obtain and that this is done intentionally to force people to buy in game money with real money. Darth Vader is the most expensive hero and as one of the most popular character players feel that EA is trying to capitalize on certain heros popularity as another lever to push people to spend more money on the game. All of this is compounded by the fact that this game is a full price game. A number of people have said if this were free to play they may be able to accept this approach (even if they don't particularly like it) but since they're paying full price they expect all unlocks to be reasonably available without any further purchases."
] |
[
"3 Main reasons: 1. It takes a lot of extra processing power to generate the split screen aspect. 2. Its development work they would rather put towards their more lucrative multiplayer (usually with microtransactions) 3. they sell more copies of the games to groups of friends who want to play it. Now all of those are horseshit reasons, and I want my couch coop back, but still. I would (and do) support games with couch coop, like borderlands, lovers in a dangerous spacetime, speedrunners, etc. I recommend you do the same. Also fuck Halo 5."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
What is the joke behind "Runway 37"
|
[
"Runway numbers only go from 1-36. They are basically numbered for their magnetic heading (0-360 degrees) divided by 10. _URL_0_"
] |
[
"It is most likely number 1. It's like a scaled up and computerized version of \"Guess Who!\""
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
}
|
Why do scratched CD's skip while playing in my car but don't skip when playing on my laptop?
|
[
"Some players are better than others at ignoring the scratches. It has to do with the quality of the laser and/or sensor reading the disc. BTW, a light application of Mother's Mag Wheel polish does wonders for making scratched CDs easier for most players to read."
] |
[
"They could be listening to music from an audio player which can't connect to the car stereo (for example if the car doesn't have an aux input). Or they could just be using their headphones to talk to someone on the phone. And where I'm from it's very illegal."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
How does a gun protect me in my home when I'm supposed to lock it in a safe?
|
[
"You put the safe near your bed, if it's a wall safe above the reach of a toddler, and you have the muscle memory to enter the code and load your gun quickly. If you're actually concerned with home safety, you probably have a security system. That will wake you up with plenty of time to access the safe, get your gun, and assess the situation. Prior to the incident, you teach your children about gun safety. Ask anyone about the age of 50 where their parents kept their guns. The answer is likely in a drawer next to the bed and a shotgun near the door. Yet, it's only recently that the spike in accidental shootings has arisen. Meaning the variable factor is either gun knowledge, or media portrayal, not the fact a gun was in the house. I grew up around and handled guns all my life. I never once came even vaguely close to accidentally shooting someone or being shot. Because I respected the guns, and was taught to handle them properly."
] |
[
"The bill would have made me a felon were I to go on vacation leaving my firearms locked in my gun safe, and a neighborhood kid came over once a day to feed my dogs and water my houseplants. The law was bad and deserved to feel bad."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How can Valve get away with cutting prices as much as 70% on Steam for mostly games they didn't even make? Are external game companies not getting really pissed off from missed profits?
|
[
"Valve has to clear such sales with the publishers who are making the money from those sales. If your wondering how these sales work: Game X costs $10 but only sells 5 copies a week. I cut the price to $2 and now it sells 50 copies a week. I am going to make more money despite the price being lower. Valve knows this works, publishers know this works, and so the Steam Sales are a win win"
] |
[
"Because of how much they're sold in physical stores in Australia. The physical stores have told the developers that if the games are sold cheaper online than in the stores that they'll stop selling the games in their stores. A lot of these companies are run by old farts with their old fart stockholders who still think the internet is a fad and that physical media will make a comeback. Steam doesn't set the prices it sells games for, the developers do, and so the developers tell Steam to sell the games for basically the same price as they're found in the stores in Australia because they're too scared of the stores like EB."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why haven't we seen any 90s Nick Game Shows (Double Dare, Legends of the Hidden Temple, Nick Arcade) rereleased? Legality issues?
|
[
"You don't normally see *any* game shows rereleased. A big part of their profitability is contributions from sponsors, which don't continue paying out in reruns and syndication."
] |
[
"The same reason British television tries to adapt American tv shows. For example: In With The Flynn's(Grounded For life), Brighton Belle's(Golden Girls), Love By You(Mad About You), Nobody's Perfect(Maude), Upper Hand(Who's The Boss), Days like These(That 70's Show), Married for Life(Married with Children) and so on. It's cheaper and you have an already successful model to build on."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
why does congress have the power to completely alter a bill, changing the contents and even title, on its way through the house or senate? Why was this power created? Why has its apparent abuse not caused removal of the power?
|
[
"Congress, and only Congress, has the power to choose each and every word of a bill. This includes the power to edit the bill before voting, and the power to vote on the final bill. If Congress couldn't do this, who would draft, edit, and pass laws?"
] |
[
"The federal reserve is, for the most part, independent of the rest of the government, but I would argue that the Congress has control over the fed by way of being able to amend, repeal, or do whatever they want to the federal reserve act that authorizes its existence. For example, a few years ago there was an attempt to amend the Fed's purpose to be solely controlling inflation, rather than both controlling inflation and promoting full employment. Though the idea was shelved, Congress was well within its power in considering such a change."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
How does the brain decide what little stupid things to remember, like what someone said or a song you heard once?
|
[
"it's mostly based on the situation you're in. even if you just barely notice a balloon in the furthest corner of your view your brain could go like 'you member the time, you had that stupid little baby balloon? i member'"
] |
[
"Usually it's triggered by a memorable lyric of the song showing up somewhere in your life. Like the title of the song or a couple of words or a phrase that you saw somewhere and your subconscious puts them together making you start thinking about the song or singing it or whatever. This happens to me all the time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Science:"
}
|
Ir Syrian refugees are displaced by war, homeless and unable to gain access to the basics of modern life, how are they able to travel to the US?
|
[
"The UN has many charters on the human rights of refugees, the Syrian refugees fall well into the categories protected by this charter. They are getting to the US in all kinds of ways but mostly on transportation sponsored by private citizens, the UN, and the US government. Its the same with other countries, Canada has a program in place to allow groups of private citizens who raise $30,000 to sponsor a refugee family, the government will pick up the rest of the tab."
] |
[
"They are starved and oppressed and have no means to do so."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are so many rap/hiphop songs still about how good the rapper is?
|
[
"Well, don't forget that rap has evolved to something of an art form. The same idea from the early days applies: rapping about dominance IS dominance IF you do it well. It's really just a platform on which you can do cool shit with the rhymes and good wordplay. However, if the rapper can spit something really innovative and smart in an *I'msogood* song, then it gains extra value because **so many rappers have done it before**. If you can make such a song, which is easy to compare with other similar ones, actually sound rad and have really good rhymes, then you are indeed a quality rapper."
] |
[
"I don't think it matters much anymore as today's music is bleh, but back in the 80's/90's when the \"East vs \"West\" was a thing, i'd say the east coast was a little more poetic/heady/intellectual and the west coast was a little more gangster/chill. West coast always seemed a little more \"This is me and this is my environment\" and East coast was \"This is what i think about my environment\" I always liked the east coast stuff better for the lyrics and the west coast for the music. Bothsides had all different kinds of artists so it's really all the same. The publicized \"Beef\" was more about stirring up controversy to sell records. Rappers are like pro fighters, they need a good angle to get fired up and make a lot of money."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Christians of ELI5: Why has our God stopped talking directly to people as He did in the Bible?
|
[
"I grew up in the church and the way it's always been explained to me relies on an understanding of the Trinity; you have God the Father, God the Son, and the Holy Spirit. With the exception of some small windows of time, one of these three has been \"present\" on the Earth at all times. God the Father was present before He sent His son. Shortly after Jesus ascended into Heaven, the Holy Spirit was sent to occupy Earth. You'll notice, if I'm not mistaken, that all the instances of God audibly speaking to humans (with the exception of speaking to Jesus) are found in the Old Testament. So, the short explanation is that God doesn't talk directly to His people because the Holy Spirit is here now to interact with us and the Holy Spirit rarely, if ever, audibly speaks to humans."
] |
[
"I am Jewish and went to Hebrew school 3 days per week to learn about my religion and prepare for my Bar Mitzvah. We learned the biblical stories of Adam, Even, Cain, Abel, Moses, Isaac, Jacob, Noah etc. We learned about the holidays - Hanukkah, Passover, Sukkot, Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur, Purim. All of this content is from the Old Testament, pre-Jesus. In fact we learned nothing about Jesus or his followers or Christianity. As for the afterlife, we learned nothing of this. As far as I was taught, Jews do not believe in Heaven or Hell. Jews believe the Messiah will arrive at some point. It's not that we are taught that Jesus is not the Messiah, we are simply not taught anything about him. So from my perspective, there are similarities in that both religions share the old Testament, but then move in different directions after those events."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why don't Christians celebrate Jewish holidays?
|
[
"It is worth noting that it was not until 1965 (20 years after the Holocaust) that the Catholic Church (as part of the Second Vatican Council) ceased to hold Jews collectively responsible for the crucifixion of Jesus. Christianity has a history of more than a millennium of anti-Semitism which it has only recently abandoned. Historically, Christianity has been intensely hostile to Judaism and has regarded it as a grave and unforgiveable moral failing for any person to refuse to convert to Christianity. That kind of history does not incline Christians to celebrate Jewish holidays or indeed, the holidays of any religion other than Christianity, which of course they believe to be the one and only true religion in the world, accept no substitutes."
] |
[
"Are you asking why Christians don't hate Hindus?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
As a Canadian, I cannot understand why someone wouldn't vote for Ron Paul. Please explain the main reasons people disagree with him. I have made a list of pros and cons inside. Please add to it.
|
[
"You're assuming that your list of \"Pros\" are shared by everyone, and that's not true."
] |
[
"Well, because the Democrats have an incumbent, it wouldn't be smart to run someone else, because it would give voters the image that the incumbent isn't that good (if his party supports someone other than him or her.) The Republicans, who lack an incumbent, need to chose one candidate who the party thinks is fit to represent them on the Presidential level. I'm no expert, so if anyone wishes to correct me or expound upon this, please go ahead."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why can't we use a game controller to pilot real helicopters?
|
[
"You would need to add buttons for things not normally accounted for in a video game. Its not a bad idea, Drone pilots use game controllers because they are easy to use. When you are actually in the plane there are a bunch of feedback systems and gauges that need to be easily accessible, visible, and tangible throughout a flight. You would end up with a controller about as complicated as the cockpit already is. There is an entire area of engineering called human factors engineering focused on designing things to reduce human error, and aviation is a huge area for them. (Just in case you wanted to google something to read up on what is done about simplifying design)"
] |
[
"It's a security measure against someone using an emulated screen in fullscreen mode to trick you."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Three Mile Island accident
|
[
"Simple wikipedia does a great job at summing up the disaster. [Simple Wikipedia on Three Mile Island.](_URL_0_) Not exactly at a 5 year old level, but very understandable, as I didn't know quite what it was either."
] |
[
"Relevant entertaining and informative youtube video Electrocution in Water: _URL_0_"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
What is the "Burakumin problem" in Japan?
|
[
"In the past, those Japanese whose work involved death (undertakers, knackers, etc.) were, for religious reasons, the \"burakumin\" a caste of \"untouchables\", despised and banned from many aspects of public life. And this discrimination continues even today against their descendants. It is said that one of the major sources of income for private investigators in Japan is discreetly checking for burakumin ancestry in potential employees or romantic partners."
] |
[
"Alternative title: \"Explain Like I'm 5 the experience of being 5.\""
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
How haven't sloths died out yet?
|
[
"There are quite a lot of leaves for them to eat, plenty around to keep the population up, and they have sharp claws to ward off predators. Sloths can fuck you up if you aren't careful, as can most wild animals. They have slow metabolisms and usually move slow, hence the stereotypes, but they are doing just fine in the wild."
] |
[
"They have extremely slow natural processes. No real fear of predator also means no rush to pump out babies, slowing things down even further. No offense, but I personally didn't know the answer to this question, so I literally just searched \"Who do tortoises live so long\" into google and regurgitated the info back to you. _URL_0_"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why does flame make a noise when it is blown on?
|
[
"Sound is just the movement of air molecules. When you blow on a flame the sudden change in air temperature creates a small pressure wave (as warmer air is less dense than cooler air) that you hear as audible sound. Its like mini-thunder"
] |
[
"The candle is surrounded by a pocket of flame that keeps it warm. Since it doesn't have very much mass, it doesn't take very much cold air to cool it down until it's too cold to burn. Shaking the match pushes this hot air away and replaces it with cold air. It's the same thing that happens when you blow on it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why is GIF still the standard for animated image files rather than APNG or MNG?
|
[
"Do you remember when America tried to go metric? It's kinda like that."
] |
[
"Because that's not really a GIF. It's a video in the webm format. GIFs weren't designed for video. They were made with static images in mind, but also had the ability to have basic animations. It was intended the animations would only be a few frames long, but people started using them like videos. Using GIFs for videos is very inefficient because each frame is stored as a separate image. Unlike proper video formats where most frames are stored as the change from the previous frame. This means videos in GIF format are huge, especially at high resolutions and frame rates. Proper video formats like webm are far more efficient. Some sites now automatically convert GIFs to webm. Sometimes the name of the file might end in .gif, but that doesn't necessarily mean it actually is a GIF file."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why are older Jurassic Park movies more realistic than the newer ones like Jurassic World, do they not have the budget to get animatronics?
|
[
"Jurassic Park looked so good not because of the animatronics, but because of Spielberg and the lessons be learned in the production of Jaws, which also used an animatronic shark. In addition to using night scenes and simply quick cuts, his understanding of the capabilities of special effects led to the development of his own style, including the Spielberg Face. This meant a close-up of your actor or actress as they saw the T Rex, instead of showing the T Rex. What you don't see clearly in broad daylight makes it scarier."
] |
[
"A lot of remakes are because of improvements in technology. They remade King Kong because they thought they had the special effects technology to do it justice. We haven't substantially improved our book writing technology in that way, so one reason for making remakes isn't there."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are the gender divisions in choruses? Wouldn't you get a fuller sound from integrated choruses?
|
[
"Also, it's much more challenging for individuals to stay on pitch and in tune when surrounded by others singing different tunes. Keeping the voices together helps everyone song the right notes."
] |
[
"Kind of. A lot of untrained singers together don't sound awful if they are all enthusiastic, and have enough trained singers amongst them to keep the rest in tune. You hear enough of them on nightly news services, where groups have done exactly this with some children or disadvantaged persons. But they are nothing like a trained, skilful choir. Real choirs are awesome - literally!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
why do older generations tend to "double click" everything on computers?
|
[
"Have you ever gone to open a file on your desktop? Open up a file in your hard drive? All of those require double clicks. And now that I said that, I think you might be referring to then constantly clicking something after the first double click. My suggestion? They're just old and don't realize they already clicked it or they're impatient and tired of waiting. Which is kind of ironic."
] |
[
"1. A lot of people don't like it 2. Ignorance is bliss 3. Just like a lot of people don't care about internet privacy \"because I have nothing to hid\" mentality a lot of people don't see the censorship as affecting them because it doesn't change what they would view anyway"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
What is with all the gold-buying shops popping up all of the sudden?
|
[
"The price of gold isn't at the highest ever, but it's pretty close. And people are still in a bad state so selling that gold is more necessary then it was in other times."
] |
[
"Have you ever walked around D.C.? Heck, if you're in a metropolitan area just walk around your own capitol buildings. There are government protests going on all the time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
How a country's mortality rate can be anything but 100%
|
[
"Mortality rates are the number of people that die **each year** out of a sample of one thousand. Obviously they will all die eventually, but they won't all die in the same year."
] |
[
"Basically dividing what you can actually do by what you are expected to do at your age. If your skills match those of a 4 years old and you are 8 your IQ would be 4:8 x 100 = 50, if reversed would be 8:4x100= 200. However, it's quite an outdated parameter and almost no longer used since it loses significance with growing up."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is it illegal for people to take photos of someone without their consent public but the paparazzi are allowed to take photos of celebrities and people in the spotlight
|
[
"I don't think this is a true statement, I think (and it depends on the country you live in..) you can take photos of someone in a public place... But there can be a restrictions on the publication of photography."
] |
[
"Depends on where they are taking the photos from, and what. A celebrity walking down the street does not have an expectation or privacy (no one does, as long as its a public street). A celebrity standing naked on a balcony visible from a public street has a reduced expectation of privacy A celebrity standing naked in their bedroom with the blinds drawn has a strong expectation of privacy. But if there is a window visible from the street, and they are visible from the public street, that expectation is slightly lower. In general, when paparazzi actually trespass or try to gain unauthorized entry to an area, they will likely get in trouble if caught, or sued later. But just walking after Kanye on the street, or waiting outside his house (so long as its a public sidewalk) would be fine."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why is deodorant only okay to put on your armpits?
|
[
"If it's only a deodorant, other than maybe leaving visible stuff on your skin, it's not a big deal. Many deodorants are also anti-perspirants which is a drug that produces a reaction that prevents you from sweating in that area. It's not a good idea to do that all over because your body will have a more difficult time regulating temperature."
] |
[
"Cologne is how perfume is marketed for men. Aftershave is for preventing infections after shaving. It may have ingredients that numb skin a bit (so it doesn't hurt that much) and almost all have some fragrance. Deodorant is for killing body odour caused by bacteria that eats sweat. Antiperspirant is a type of deodorant, that clogs sweat glands. So basically - cologne for going out, aftershave after shaving and deodorant if you expect to be sweaty."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why would I want my food to be antibiotic-free?
|
[
"Antibiotics are NOT needed to stay healthy. The name itself mean \"Against life\" they are used as a extreme measure to combat infections in the organism. In fact ingesting doses of antibiotics without need can make you ill. However that's not the only reason. First of trace antibiotics on meat can translate to a decreased effect of the actual medicine when needed. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics has lead to the now actual problem of creating bacteria resistant to it. Which is bad because they are much more difficult to deal with. Beside all that the use of antibiotics on the meat means that they were given to the animals to prevent them from getting ill from the poor and often unsanitary conditions they are made to live in."
] |
[
"Actually it's illegal in the united States to sell chicken that was raised on antibiotics. So when you see chicken that says \"antibiotic free!\" On the packaging, it's just a marketing ploy."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
How did they produce and put Zyklon B into the cans without killing the workers making them, when it reacts being exposed to oxygen?
|
[
"Zyklon B was produced in pellet form which only released a gas when exposed to water and heat. The pellets could be handled in relative safety otherwise. Also, materials which cannot be exposed to oxygen could be mechanically canned in sealed conditions where air wasn't able to enter. Consider compressed CO2 canisters: Clearly workers aren't all in a room full of CO2 stuffing them full with their bare hands. Technology exists where materials in one tank can be transported into other containers, via what are typically called \"pipes\"."
] |
[
"It may mean it's got chlorine in it. Some submarines use batteries to store power for use when they can't run the diesel engines. The batteries contain sulphuric acid. If it gets mixed with sea water it releases chlorine gas. This was a major hazard in submarines, and quite possibly still is."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
Why does shampoo not lather up well when you shampoo for the first time in a while?
|
[
"My sister told me a long time ago that dirt is the enemy of suds and that stuck with me. But it's basically true. Your hair has oils that are important to its structure. Those oils allow dirt to cling to it. Shampooing strips away those oils and thus the dirt. but remember dirt is the enemy of suds so you won't lather up the first time you do it. That's partially why shampoo instructions say to do it twice, to waste more product and to make sure your hair is actually clean. The second one will probably lather up considerably. Alternatively if you wash your hair too much it will always lather but you are doing considerable damage to your hair."
] |
[
"Try using soap or body wash on your hair, it will make it dry, rough, and damaged. So, actually, don't do that. Using shampoo on your skin can cause it to become slimy because of the extra ingredients. In addition, they have a different pH level. Shampoo is more acidic. When you use body wash as shampoo, it will strip all the natural oils in your hair, and you seriously need those. Sidenote: This can also happen when you use shampoo too often. Every other day is ideal. Hair & Body wash is also a product that exists. I've never used it personally, but I can't imagine it would be more effective than purchasing them separately. Same with Shampoo & Conditioner in one."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why is Toys R Us the company responsible for the debt required to buy itself out?
|
[
"Because the old management team agrees to sell the company to the new management team. This is known as a 'friendly' deal. The new management team, who are technically 'employees' of the private equity team, arrange for the debt too be paid by the cash flows of the company. ELI5: your dad owns a restaurant that produces $1000 of profit per month. Your dad sells it to a friend. That friend goes to a bank and says, \"I'm buying a restaurant and I need a loan. I will pay you $750/mo and that cash will come out of the profits of the restaurant.\" The bank says, \"OK, we have looked at the finances of the restaurant and we think this is a good deal. Here's the money. ***HOWEVER***, if you can't pay the loan, we are going to take the restaurant from you and sell it at a bankruptcy auction.\""
] |
[
"Their business would move to other companies. In time, another company (probably Target) would move into the space left by Walmart, and would become the new Walmart. So, in essence, nothing substantive would happen, other than a name change."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
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why are most if not all of the zippers on my clothing made by the brand YKK?
|
[
"About half the zippers manufactured are made by YKK, a Japanese company. Zippers are finicky and YKK makes reliable zippers. One reason it has managed to stay on top of the game is that it controls almost the entire manufacturing process, from smelting its own brass to making the final product, which guarantees it can keep making reliable zippers and has the added bonus of helping to hide its corporate secrets from competitors. There are some competitors which are cheaper, mainly in China, but the zippers break more easily and a lot of the developed world is wary of lax regulation in China and don't want lead in zippers. Additionally, starting a zipper manufacturing company would take a lot of capital and you would have to get a pretty big market share to make a sizeable revenue stream, so there are high barriers to entry. Here's an article that goes into more depth: _URL_0_ tl;dr: YKK makes good zippers, controls the whole process, and it's hard to get into the zipper game."
] |
[
"dude have you seen how big that place is???"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do games with 2-bit color have transparency?
|
[
"One of the four \"colors\" is allocated as transparent. There's another bit that can say what transparent should be represented as, which in Pokemon's case is represented as white. So for Pokemon, the color scheme is not white, light grey, dark grey and black. It's transparent, light grey, dark grey and black. Transparent is represented as white. Backgrounds don't need transparency, so they can get the full white, light grey, dark grey, black color scheme."
] |
[
"JPEG is made for static photos, and can have more than 256 colors, usually 3 bits pir pixel per color. GIF is pallette based (limited to 256 pallette entries), and made for static and animated graphics. It also has transparency."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why aren't laptop graphics cards removable like ram or hard disk?
|
[
"Graphics cards produce a lot of heat, so upgrading one might lead to a situation where the GPU puts out more heat than the cooling system is designed for. And to save on costs and space, most of the time graphics cards are soldered into the motherboard instead of creating multiple unique sockets, or the laptop just uses the integrated graphics card of the processor."
] |
[
"In my experience, there is no way to build a laptop from scratch. About the only changes you can make is to upgrade the RAM. Processor, hard drive, and graphics processor are all built into the machine, and they are not changable. Sorry"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How is it that game designers can make better looking games over the lifespan of a console (Xbox, ps3) yet not change the hardware?
|
[
"Because they learn more about how they can use the hardware over time. As they experiment and learn it's capabilities and limitations they can make it do more and more awesome things. Just like how skateboarders learn how to do more complex and cooler tricks over time with the same boards."
] |
[
"Games that are made for consoles are \"dumbed\" down versions. That is why we constantly having wars over bad ports from console to PC where newly released game have poor graphics, controller problems and such."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about videogame development:"
}
|
Why is it that bookies can survive by simply taking peoples bets. You would think that on a game like the superbowl a bookie would have a 50/50 chance of turning profit or losing a ton
|
[
"Bookies make money because they don't pay even odds. All the bets are placed in a pool, and then the bookie's fee (take) is removed. The rest of the pool is used to pay out the bettors for whichever team wins, proportionally to each bettor's wager."
] |
[
"For the layman, odds betting is paying people according to their bet. Baseball usually uses odds betting. So a bet for team A pays 2/1 and a bet for team B pays 1.5/1, for example. If you bet $5 on team A and they win, you get paid $10, or you make 5 bucks, if you bet 5 bucks on team B and they win, you get paid $7.50. The odds change on based on how much money is bet for each side. Lets keep the odds where they are. Lets say $100 is bet on team A and $150 is bet on team B. That means that the bookie is collection 250 in payments. If team B wins, the bookie will pay out 225 dollars in prize money (150 x 1.5). He keeps the 25$ for himself. If team A wins, he pays out $200 (100 x 2) meaning he keeps $50 for himself. Now, the margins will be smaller, (no where near 10%) and much more symmetrical, the point is that the bookie has put himself into a position where he pays out less than he takes in, regardless of the outcome."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
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