query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does e^pi*i + 1 = 0? | [
"Probably can't explain at an ELI5 level, but here's the gist of it: e^angle*i is a rotation of a point in the complex plane (just pretend it's typical \"x is horizontal y is vertal\" for the moment) angle=0 degrees means the point (1,0). angle =90 degrees means the point (0,1) angle=180 degrees means the point (-1... | [
"The one in the title comes from the power series of arctan(x). That is tan(pi/4) = 1 so arctan(1) = pi/4 Many functions can be written as infinitely long polynomials called Taylor series or power series. atan(x) = x - x^3 /3 + x^5 /5 + ... Let x = 1 and you get a series which coverges to pi/4 and multiply by 4."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Mathematics:"
} |
Why does color affect heat absorption? | [
"It's not color that affect heat absorption. It's the physical propriety of material that absorb different wavelenght of light. So if a material absord all visible wavelength of light it will appear black because it doesn't reflect back light into our eyes. Alternatively, something white is made of something that ... | [
"A bit apples and oranges. What wavelengths are absorbed and what are reflected are physical properties of given materials. It have nothing to do with our perception of colors."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
if a teenager can be charged with child pornography for having pictures of themselves, why can't they be charged with sexual assault when they masturbate? | [
"Because they've given consent to it as a sexual act. However, if they somehow did it against their own will, then they could potentially sue themselves. Even under the age of consent, they are doing it to themselves. Plus, the only people who could sue in the name of their kid would be the parents. But again, the ... | [
"He gets sent to his room and his dad asks everyone to leave the office. But really, children won't be held legally responsible for accessing porn -- even child porn. I suppose they could be, but no one's going to send a kid to juvenile hall for being curious. The parents, however, might be held responsible, especi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do they get pure oxygen into oxygen bottles? | [
"Do you mean tanks of compressed oxygen? There's a few different methods, depending on the purity of gas required. A common method is cryogenic distillation. Basically you make ambient air so cold that it liquifies, then raise the temperature of that liquid just to the boiling point of oxygen. The oxygen gas will b... | [
"What if you were wearing a sealed helmet with oxygen supply and no way for air to escape the helmet. What would happen to your body?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why do men and women have separate restrooms? | [
"It is for comfortability. Many people feel uncomfortable with members of the opposite sex around while they are doing their business. It is that simple."
] | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
} |
When I'm sitting on my couch and my phone signal switches from 4G to 3G or drops from 5 bars to just 1, what is happening to cause it? | [
"A sort of related issue I've wondered about to follow. If anyone can eli5, thank you. ELI5: Why is it that when I'm connected to wifi on my phone, it'll randomly disconnect to make me connect to 4g,3G,let, or some other communication classification? My personal conspiracy theory is that it's planned to trick me ... | [
"It is the slowest form of Internet on your phone. If you've not got a 4G signal it will look for 3G. If you've got no 3G it will look for 2G. If there's no 2G it will look for GPRS."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do fuel cells in the Voyager 1 & 2 last for 80+ years, yet the fuel in my car won't last a week? | [
"They use these: _URL_0_ They're great if you need a power source that lasts for years and years and years and you only need to power a radio, a computer and a few other gadgets on a satellite, but they're not great when you need lots of power to drive a car with."
] | [
"There's a block of plutonium that naturally stays hot all the time. It's wrapped in a material that creates electricity from heat. It's also used to keep the rover warm during the cold night. It's expected that the plutonium will stay hot for at least 10-15 years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Considering that the Earth's atmosphere is more than 75% nitrogen, how do our lungs only breathe in oxygen without accidentally breathing in any of the other atmospheric gases? | [
"We breathe in all atmospheric gases, and they all get absorbed into our blood. But oxygen is the only one that our bodies actually use for anything."
] | [
"Empty space isn't actually empty, it's just filled with gases. The three gasses found in normal air is nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Other invisible stuff could be around too such as water if its humid or dust if its dusty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is consumption of meat bad for our climate/environment? | [
"The transfer of energy between trophic levels is only about 10% efficient, so we could save tremendous amounts of energy, land, water, time, etc. by eating plants instead of feeding plants to animals just to eat the animals."
] | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Random flashes of light when my eyes are closed at night after going to bed. | [
"You might want to get that checked out with an Opthalmologist. Seeing bright flashes of light inside your eyes is usually due to the retinal cells getting stimulated by movement or traction. Not keen on scare mongering, but in rare situations it can be a precursor to retinal detachment."
] | [
"Does this happen completely randomly, or does something trigger it? I think I know what you're talking about, but the only time I black out is if I'm getting up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are keyboards organized in a QWERTY format instead of alphabetically? | [
"Because of typerwriters. Back in the old days, the physical keys of the typewriter's keyboard were connected by steel prongs or wires to their corresponding letter-striker...thingie. Anyways, if you typed too quickly, neighboring keys had a tendency to get tangled up with each other. Thus the QWERTY design was mad... | [
"The 10-key on your keyboard gets its layout from the 10 key on a calculator, and they've always been laid out that way, for decades. Telephone keypads are a more recent development. They could have been arranged in the same order, but the problem is the *letters*. Every number has letters assigned to it, from back... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are martial arts practitioners taught to say "hi-ya!" or a similar phrase with every strike? | [
"There are a lot of mystical/spiritual reasons for it, but mechanically speaking, it teaches breath control in an easy-to-remember way."
] | [
"karate is precise movements in hand and feet, as is taekwondo. Kung fu is a bit more concentrated on body flow, aka how you position your body for what you want. Muai thai is about sweep kicks to shins and punching mainly, although they will use head kicks occasionally. Aikido is about using your enemy's force aga... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Has Hacking Proven Password Encryption A Failure? | [
"If someone wants the data badly enough, they will get it; however, that doesn't make it pointless to make it as difficult and as inefficient as possible to get it. Unless this is a very deliberate and targeted attack, people aren't going to waste time on anything but low-hanging fruit. Just like how you lock your ... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does the fridge stop your food from going bad? | [
"Food going bad is a result of microorganisms. Most of them grow better in warm temperatures; a fridge cooling the food slows down their reproduction rate so the food will be edible longer."
] | [
"They layer it in ice to bring the temperature down and prevent the fish from starting to decay."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
how liquid gets into your bladder, and why it seems faster when you're drinking beer | [
"When you drink something, the liquid is absorbed by various parts of your digestive tract, primarily in the intestines. It then enters your blood. Excess water is removed from the blood with the Kidneys, which also remove other bad stuff at the same time. All this stuff they remove from your blood ends up in the b... | [
"On top of the previously mentioned psychosomatic reasons, you need to understand what causes the feeling o needing to pee. There is a valve at the bottom of your bladder that has to hold the urine in. This is why your need to pee is even more urgent when you first get out of bed. All of that pressure is now bein p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why can't I remember being a baby? | [
"Cognitive psychology student here: To put it simply, you don't have the mechanisms that allow you to store and recall memories until you're around 3 1/2 years. Until that, you have what's called childhood amnesia. From that moment on, when you're 7-10 years old, you go through a period that's called reminiscence b... | [
"Aka how can I become a cult leader?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly are hashtags and how do they work? | [
"Well, if reddit worked like twitter, and I wrote **\"#PutinFartsOnABear,\"** then the hashtagged word would act like a link, showing you all the other submissions that include that hashtag. It also helps track and catalog what people's tweets or facebook posts are about, and so you can see if a topic is \"trendin... | [
"Because marketing is everything. If you don't know somebody exists, how do you vote for them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the "Faerie" lifestyle? | [
"Bro... from one man to another, bail. You're heading down a rabbit hole you don't want to go down. To answer your question, your friend is what is known as an \"otherkin\". Popular among Tumblr users, it's a term used to describe people who really truly believe they are not human, at least on the inside. Most peop... | [
"I'd have a tough time explaining this better than the answer enshrined in the Five Year Old's Guide to the Galaxy: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The power of a Filibuster in the U.S. senate | [
"You ever have a long day at work and just stop giving a shit about anything? Imagine having one of those days, except 2,000 miles away from your family, haven't had sex in 3 weeks, and the only thing you have to look forward to is some nasty Hungryman frozen dinner, a fifth of jack daniels, and jerking off to some... | [
"Who is going to pass the constitutional amendment to limit congressional terms? Congress?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The "gravitational slingshot" effect or maneuver. | [
"Although it's not very safe, sometimes a person riding on a bike will reach out and grab onto the side of a moving car, and let the car pull their bike up to a faster speed. The gravitational slingshot can work similarly, except instead of the spaceship holding onto the planet with a hand or other physical connect... | [
"Your quarter acts as a gyroscope. Google for gyroscope. The gyroscopic effect (conservation of the angular momentum) resists to gravity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why haven't we agreed on a standard shoe size measurement (and other clothing articles) for the whole world when we have the Metric or Imperial system of measurement? | [
"The main reason is switching cost. This doesn’t necessarily need to be monetary, though that can certainly be a factor. People are set in there ways and are resistant to changing a system they are familiar with. This is why people on iPhones don’t like switching to Android, and vice versa. That being said, there a... | [
"Actually, the entire world save a few developing countries have adopted the metric system. And the UK uses a weird mix of imperial and metric units..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do LiDAR sensors work? Wouldn't they just be overwhelmed by all the natural light? | [
"They use very bright IR lasers, which you can't see because they're outside the visible spectrum. The LIDAR can easily see the spot from its laser - it's no different than using a [bright laser pointer](_URL_1_). Combine that with an extremely [aggressive filter](_URL_0_) on the lens and it's not much of a problem... | [
"They use infrared sensors, since heat (or thermal energy) falls within the infrared spectrum. The sensor can interpret differences in heat just like we can determine differences in the brightness of visible light with our eyes. The laser is just there for aiming, they have nothing to do with measuring temperatures... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why are no countries boycotting the 2022 FIFA World Cup despite the corruption and even though people were exploited and died building the stadiums? | [
"Because everyone still loves the World Cup. Also, this: > people were exploited and died building the stadiums? is false. People *are still being exploited and dying*, because the stadiums won't be complete for another six years. The death toll of the 2022 World Cup is expected to top 500,000 Qatar slaves."
] | [
"Bahrain is a predominantly Shia country ruled by the Sunni Khalifa dynasty. The dynasty is a dictatorship propped up by Saudi Arabia. Last year, as a part of the Arab Spring, people began to protest the regime and demand more democracy. These protests were violently crushed with Saudi assistance. Protests continu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it some learn faster than others by reading? | [
"some people take in things better when they read, others when they hear it, yet others when they participate in it actively somehow. it's different for everyone. most people are a combination of all of the above. interest in the subject makes a big difference as well."
] | [
"How can you sing along mentally the first time?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why has The Avengers movie been released in several major countries before its release in the United States? | [
"So far as I know, it's to reduce piracy. Countries like NZ often have to wait to see movies months after they screen in the US and this provides a window for piracy that can't be closed by lawyers. If they release movies in non-US countries first then they only have to worry about piracy in the US and that's a sc... | [
"Critics get to see review showings of movies before they're released to general audiences in the theaters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is a Physician Assistant (PA) compared to a doctor or nurse? | [
"A PA, or a Nurse-Practitioner (similar concept) is somewhere between a nurse and a doctor in terms of training and education. For a lot of the things you typically go see a doctor for - strep throat, cold/flu, ear/sinus infection, pink eye, bronchitis, etc - you really don't need someone with 10 years of medical t... | [
"Psychologist: A person who has obtained a PhD in Psychology. They may or may not practice psychotherapy (many just research). Psychiatrist: A person who has obtained an M.D. and specialized in the field of psychiatry. They may or may practice psychotherapy. They are also the only psychotherapists who are allowed t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When we have those dreams that we're falling, why does it feel like we actually fall into the bed? | [
"It's because when you're muscles are relaxed, sometimes the brain messes up and thinks that relaxed muscles mean you're falling instead of resting"
] | [
"Yes, and it is as awesome as you can imagine. Most of my dreaming is lucid, and I actually choose to do things, like \"If I make a running start, I can fly.\" And then I am flying. But if I try to change too much of the surroundings, I wake up. There is a downside. My mother died last year. She shows up in my drea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The Wagon-wheel effect. | [
"Note that it is far more common in movies because of how cameras work, and certain kinds of lights also contribute if they have a flickering frequency."
] | [
"Relevant entertaining and informative youtube video Electrocution in Water: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why did Ted Cruz ask those students to text "Constitution" to 33733? | [
"It's a way for his campaign to identify potential supporters. Presumably people who text back are those who are both interested in politics and potential supporters of his. It's good to identify and engage with those people early. They are more likely to vote, more likely to donate money, and more likely to get ot... | [
"Power. Why else spend $3 million to get a job that pays $80,000?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Once and for all, is The Pirate Bay legal, and if it isn't how does it remain online? | [
"There is no global law covering The Pirate Bay and similar sites. Even if, for example, it's illegal in the USA, it might be legal in Sweden. If there is even a single country where it is legal, it can be hosted in and operated from said country, and then there is no mechanism to take it offline entirely. As for w... | [
"Any authority is much, much more likely to go after the host of the stream rather than an individual user who watches it. Legal? No, it's not. Going to get you into trouble? Unlikely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's currently happening on Brazil? | [
"So basically the Government is subsidizing things that the poor people can buy. So they sell oil, water, and food way below market price to these people to keep them afloat. They can afford this by basically \"stealing\" other people's assets. The government forcibly took control of the largest oil company in Braz... | [
"If you're not aware, we have a weekly thread here on \"What's new in History?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Education:"
} |
- Why when people sneeze it’s out of their mouth, but your body is trying to get something out of your nose? | [
"I've wondered about that too. I think it has something to do with your nasal passages not being able to handle such a big blast of air, so most of it has to come from our mouths. Maybe sneezes aren't meant to get something out of our nose as much as they're meant to protect the more vital parts of our respiratory ... | [
"If food is in your tummy when your body realizes it's poison, it goes out your mouth. If it's closer to your butt when it realizes it's poison, it goes out your butt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
- Could we only eat exactly what our bodies need, and never poop? | [
"> Poop is just waste, right? Wrong. Or at least, poop is not just undigested food. Feces contain various other biological waste products that we can't stop producing. Things like bile, and broken-down, dead red blood cells. Plus, roughly 40% of feces consist of dead bacteria: You have **tons** of bacteria living i... | [
"Because there has never been a time when we could have as much as we want, until recently. If you ate all the fat and sugar you could get your hands on prior to agriculture and all that, you survived. You had to have an insatiable drive. That gets us in trouble now because we just eat until our stomach hurts inste... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Reddit has made Bernie Sanders look like the perfect candidate. Can someone explain some of his generally negative views? | [
"He is anti-science.. He moved to ban substances in plastic containers that were safe and the replacements are less safe. He is also a GMO scare monger looking to confuse the public into believing GMOs are unsafe. Additionally, he has sponsored a bill to treat veterans with \"alternate\" medicine rather than scient... | [
"There was a small, vocal group of Reddit that supported Ron Paul. There's now a small, vocal group of Reddit that supports Bernie Sanders. They're probably not the same people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can massive contributions to a political campaign affect the outcome of an election even when an opponent holds the majority of voters? | [
"Logically it can't if those voters have already voted or if they're totally decided, but a good proportion of the electorate is undecided or on the fence. Who they vote for can often come down to who puts out the best image and which candidate does a better job of \"reaching\" them."
] | [
"Your first practical problem would be passing such a law. Congress is full of people who won their seats by raising lots of money for their campaign, so having to raise a lot of money isn't a problem for them. They don't want to vote to take away their advantage and give all candidates the same amount of money. As... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do scuba divers ascend/descend? | [
"They wear a device called a BC (for buoyancy control). Usually it is a sort of vest with an inflatable bladder inside. Air from the tanks is redirected to the bladder to make the diver more buoyant, and released to make them less. Divers also typically wear weights to ensure they can sink if necessary, and that be... | [
"Scuba divers sometimes spend time on the surface before a dive. Also, they occasionally have to swim a short distance on the surface before submerging. They use the snorkel in these instances to conserve the air in their tank. Source: I'm PADI certified."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When markets crash, where does all the money go? | [
"It was never there to begin with. Say Jon has 50 shares in Company inc.. On the market, these 50 shares are worth $500, because lots of people want to pay $10 for a share in Company inc. But Jon doesn't have $500. Jon has 50 shares. Suddenly, news breaks that the CEO of Company inc. makes all of her major business... | [
"The incident puts the near future into jeopardy. What will the political ramifications be? The military? Will there be a war? More sanctions? How will it affect business around the world? When people are unsure, investors tend to take a conservative approach to trading until things clear up a bit. That effects eve... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can someone explain to me what's the issue with Obama and drone strikes? And why what he said in Prague about nuclear weapons is so frowned upon? | [
"I don't know much about the topic, but one of the issues with drone strikes is that how we classify the victims of the strikes is woefully inadequate and misleading: _URL_3_ _URL_2_ _URL_1_ Essentially, Obama changed the definition of \"militant\" in drone strikes to be incredibly wide to the point where if you or... | [
"Only the Commander and Chief does as the head of the military. But specifically President Obama made some decisions leading to bin Laden's death that others have said they would not have made, such as Romney. Mainly going into Pakistan without asking for permission first."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why certain factions of Israel's leadership believe that settlements are necessary for Israeli safety. | [
"If you stand in parts of the settlements, known as Judea & Samaria, you can look over Israel completely and see the sea. If the Israelis don't have access to the settlements, then their enemies could easily fire down on the Israeli population. So it's a security issue for many."
] | [
"The United States supports Israel against them because the government feels they have more to gain by helping the Israelis. The U.S. is not in the business of helping the oppressed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the difference between an irrational number and a transcendental number? | [
"All transcendental numbers are irrational, but not the other way around. Irrational numbers are simply numbers that cannot be represented as ratios of two integers. Transcendental numbers are numbers which are not algebraic. All rational numbers are algebraic, but also many irrational numbers are algebraic. Algebr... | [
"We know it doesn't stop or repeat because it's an irrational number, which by definition doesn't stop or repeat. A rational number is any number that you can write as a fraction of two whole numbers (like 1/7). An irrational number is any number that cannot be written as the fraction of two numbers. We know that i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Mathematics:"
} |
Why does it burn if you burp through your nose after drinking something carbonated? | [
"They contain small amounts of carbonic acid and there will be some of this left in the gas that you release. Your nose is far more sensitive to such things than your mouth is, so you feel the acid burning more than your mouth. You can test this with a green chili. Place one on your tongue and place one up your nos... | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is the TV rating calculated? | [
"They don't. They use sampling of a select few and project that out to the whole population. They will often use [Nielsen Ratings](_URL_0_) which will connect a device to a television to record their viewing habits."
] | [
"What do you mean by downfall? This is still a dominant part of current culture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
If a US soldier dies in another country and he is a donor, will his/her organs be donated or discarded? | [
"Yes, if viable the persons organs can/are be donated. However I did some googling and I found that it's pretty unlikely the organs can reach the patient in time. The heart is viable for 4-6 hours if kept on ice, with the liver ideally no longer than 12 but viable for up to 16 hours. The organs would never make it ... | [
"Not everyone is a donor. Even if they're a donor, depending on the circumstances of their death, not every organ is in a good enough condition to transplant into a waiting patient. Also, if they're a donor and their family says no, it means no."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it bad that Rachel Dolezal identifies as black even though she's apparently white? | [
"Offense is something that is determined by other people. She may not have intended to offend anyone, but that's not her choice to make. It's all about whether other people are offended. Now, she can choose not to care that other people are offended (no one has the civil right to be not-offended). Basically, it's b... | [
"Race is biological, ethnicity is cultural. I have two cousins who were adopted from Africa as babies (their mother was single and unable to support them, according to my aunt), so their race is African. Ethnically, however, they're growing up in the west US, so they're American."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Social Sciences:"
} |
Why do countries like China, Japan, and Korea test so much higher than the U.S. in math, science, and reading. Having recognized this, why doesn't the U.S. implement similar teaching styles? | [
"It is more down to the parents valuing education especially in mathematics and sciences than to a difference in teaching methods, though valuing teachers as a resource is less regarded in the USA than Asia."
] | [
"In a lot of states, all high school students have to pass a battery of tests in order to receive credit for graduating high school. The following are its theoretical pros and cons. Pros: Allows a standard measure for the quality of a school district and can highlight districts or schools that are severely underper... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The difference in natural sugar you find in fruit and refined sugar? | [
"There is no chemical difference. When you eat fruit, you're eating sugar embedded in a plant, and so you digest it more slowly (good), and you take in all the other stuff in the plant (fiber, protein, interesting chemicals from the plant like estrogens). There's a lot of evidence that eating fruit is good for you.... | [
"The problem is the high-fructose corn syrup which is in a lot of processed foods. It is basically pure sugar. The problem isn't with corn. It is a problem with *sugar*. Americans have far too much sugar in their diets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do our pets like being stroked and cuddled? | [
"Probably because they're covered in hair, you know how your ball hair itches sometimes and it feels good to scratch it? Times that by 1000. They're basically big walking ballbags."
] | [
"Owner of a herd of 4 here. Cats have scent glands on their face. They rub up against surfaces to mark them with pheromones, especially when they are feeling relaxed. When your cats rub his cheeks against you, he's saying \"I own you\", or maybe \"I feel relaxed around you\" Cats will lick your head/facial hair b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
how every lock and key in the world is made to be unique with no duplicates | [
"They aren't, there are lots of duplicates out there Schlage house locks are very common, their keys come with a 5 or 6 digit code on them. Best case that gives you a million key combos. Not nearly enough to make every lock unique, but plenty to make it unlikely a random person has the same key as you Security is d... | [
"The same way a hard drive can store all the information needed too make another hard drive. The instructions on how to make something dont take up as much space as said device is capable of storing"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens if the CA drought continues and we run out of water? | [
"In the event that the drought continues, water will be re-prioritized for human consumption (as opposed to agriculture, which is the vast majority of water usage at the moment) [Irrigation of Agricultural Crops - Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources](_URL_1_). If the drought further continues and water sto... | [
"They have been in a state of drought for years and the city population has not met the restriction goals to ration the water that they do have. As such they have been running out of water faster than they can build facilities to treat waste water or filter salt water. They have a number of plants in production to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How can someone wake up from a brain injury and suddenly be able to speak a foreign language? | [
"When this has been reported, what is often glossed over is the fact that these people could always speak the language. The brain learns and stores your first language differently to your subsequent languages. So it's possible for the first language to be lost or suppressed independently of other languages by certa... | [
"Singing uses a different portion of the brain than talking. It's why some people whose ability to talk is damaged due to say, being in a car crash, can no longer talk but are still able to sing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Neuroscience:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Neuroscience:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
It has been said that America's debt to other countries has its pros and cons. Obviously it's bad because we owe over $18 trillion, but why could this debt benefit them? | [
"You owe 6.1 trillion to other countries not 18 trillion. Most of your debt is internal 60 - 70% of it."
] | [
"To China specifically? No. Owing money to China is no different from the US government owing money to me for money I've lent to it. The US government owes about $1.25 trillion to China and about $6.2 trillion to foreign sources overall. It doesn't really offer China any influence over the US. Can debt overall effe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
ETMLI5 why churches/religious buildings in the United States get property tax exemptions? | [
"religious institutions are not-for-profit 501c(3) institutions, just like the YMCA or Duck's Unlimited or other non-profits. a nonprofit's income and profit (often through donations, although they can still charge their members) is legally supposed to go toward the betterment of the organization's mission or the g... | [
"A simplified answer 1. Lots of resources(especially money) 2. Many influential people(eg. celebrities) 3. Lots of devoted people Basically, not much different than the Catholic church but I'm not sure if Scientology can even be considered a religion in a traditional sense. It is by law though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Religion and Crime:"
} |
If you held a pair of prescription glasses in front of a camera and recorded something, how would it appear when playing it back? Would some people see it blurry and others see it clear? | [
"No, because the camera sensor becomes the \"eye\", and the lens is the optic in front of it. If you put another optic in front of it, you're only changing the light hitting the sensor. You cannot change the optics in front of the eyes of the person watching the screen. Take a quick look at what [circles of confusi... | [
"Why would you expect a reflection to not be blurry is you have bad vision? Up close to a mirror, a nearsighted person might see the mirror's frame in focus, but a mirror is not a picture. The distant mountain in the reflection is still far away. You don't see the mirror, you see the reflection it causes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what were the negative social and economic consequences of bigamy/polygamy, that gradually resulted in its criminalization, in most countries ? | [
"You can look at it from both directions. In one direction, polygamy is a response to a shortage of men. Normally, this shortage is due to consuming those men in wars and violent criminal enterprises. So extremely violent societies are more likely to favor polygamy. In the other direction, polygamy causes (or perpe... | [
"It has mostly been made illegal in countries due to cultural abhorrence of sex and anything related to it. Nowadays there are influences to stop slave trade and other working conditions related issues. Never heard of it having anything to do with taxes before"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do people want Obama impeached over the Benghazi attack? | [
"The accusation is that Obama used Susan Rice to cover up that there was a terrorist involvement in the Benghazi attack. After the attack Susan Rice's position was that the attack was due to the movie The Innocence of Muslims. Because Susan Rice was stating this and she works for President Obama, Republicans are sa... | [
"Extreme incompetence or criminal negligence. Take your pick!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
After the apocalypse, how would I start a currency for my newly created society of 50 people? | [
"Something everyone needs, so perhaps bullets, or rations. Examples would be The Last of Us and FTL: Faster Than Light. Both these games, one being post-apocalyptic, the other a space exploration thingy feature trading using ration cards and \"scrap\" (used to mend ships and buy upgrades) respectively. Both of whic... | [
"Because all the stuff we used to have that didn't require electricity is gone. After one season where nobody can plant enough crops to feed everyone, or get enough water to where people need it, there will be a massive and sudden depopulation. The survivors will be scattered, randomly selected for skills, without ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can you only use a #2 pencil on a scantron sheet? | [
"It's not really an issue of whether it works, but of who is responsible in the event that it doesn't work. They aren't going to test their machine with every possible type of pencil. Even if they tested it with a variety, *someone* would find *some* pencil that doesn't scan right. So instead, they test it with the... | [
"One of the directions on my exams is always: \"Please write clearly and legibly, any answers or work the grader can not understand will be counted off\" Was there not something similar on the cover page before you started the exam?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are there no sentient plant-based species? Why is base intelligence so abundant and diverse in animals, but non-existent in the plant kingdom? | [
"> Is there something inherent to “plant cells” that prohibits that possibility? It is more something inherent to plant biology that prohibits the possibility, and is related to the lack of nerves within plants. Brains require *a lot* of energy! The human brain consumes about 20% of the total energy used by the hum... | [
"The observable universe is not infinite. There is a finite amount of matter. Even if the universe was infinite, that does not necessarily mean that there would be an exact copy of Earth out there somewhere. There are an infinite number of integers, but there is only one of each, and each one is different. Furtherm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
aliasing and antialiasing in computer graphics. | [
"Game's graphics sometimes appear to be \"pointy\" or not curved enough due to the way the objects are built - using a grid of dots/ geometrical shapes and covering them with a skin/texture. antialiasing process adds \"new dots\" to the object in order to smooth its appearance."
] | [
"HDR are done by shader who are calculated on the GPU. Invalid question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Venomous means harm is done with injection. Poisonous means harm is done when ingested... But is venom poisonous, and is poison venomous? Like, will eating a venomous critter poison you? | [
"It depends. Some venoms are only harmful if they enter the blood stream so eating them is fine. Most poisons are plenty harmful if injected into the blood though."
] | [
"Typically the animal wouldn't be eaten whole and it would be killed first. The animal would avoid eating the majority of a crabs shell or the bones and claws etc of other things unless it was sufficiently bigger. For instance a human can safely eat a sardine whole but you would want your tuna to be deboned. Venomo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how does a traffic start on a highway? | [
"Let's say that a road is full of cars going the same speed. Something happens that causes a group of cars to slow down. All of the cars behind them have to slow down, the cars behind that set of cars, and so on. Long after the original cars have sped up and gone, cars far away are still having to slow down due to ... | [
"Dreams, dont crush them. It helps with spacing on the speedometer. Also can be used as a standard template."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
How would "true" Communism work? | [
"As in the ideal? There wouldn't be a concept of ownership. Everything would in some way belong to everybody. In return, everybody would work hard at their jobs, secure in the knowledge that everyone else is doing the same. Basically, everyone would put in equal effort into society and get equally rewarded. This ob... | [
"> How would a society where atheists are the largest group behave? Like Norway."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do so many fast food drive thrus have 2 windows, but always have you pull to the second window? | [
"The reason for this is that if they get very busy, they can have you pay at the first window and receive you food at the second. However if they do not feel they are busy enough to merit the extra worker, they will only have 1 window open. I believe they typically use the 2nd because it is closer to the kitchen an... | [
"Although AndreasTPC's answer may be correct in some places, it has been my experience (McDonalds + Tim Hortons) that the drive thru's have a weight sensor built into the pavement. When a car drives onto the sensor the employee hears a beeping sound in the headset. Another sensor is placed under the pavement outsid... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Imagine a room with mirrors as walls. There is a light source that produces light for a short period of time in it, then the light source stops. Will the room stay bright because the light will bounce of the mirrors for ever? | [
"Ignoring the conundrum of trapping it, which would be impossible, the light would both lose energy with every bounce and be absorbed by the mirror. Mirror's actually have a naturally green tint that absorbs light, which can be viewed when having mirrors facing parallel to each other - the further down the reflecti... | [
"A mirror has two reflective surfaces, the front of the glass, and the back surface of the glass that is on some sort of metal backing. Light is always being reflected from both, however the back surface is much more reflective. If you angle the front surface differently from the back surface, then the two images w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How misted water and sunlight make a rainbow? | [
"Here's a pretty simple phenomenon to explain. Sunlight, is composed of many different wavelengths of light sandwiched together. Some of this light isn't even visible to human eyes, however those colors which we can see are part of the visible spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet and all of the co... | [
"They have more density due to the water which blocks out the light, causing a shadow on the underside. If you were looking down onto the same cloud it’ll still be white."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If I set my portable A/C to 20°C when the room temperature is 10°C why/why won't the A/C heat the room? | [
"If you want to use the AC to heat a room, you need to reverse the outputs: The radiator that gets rid of the heat needs to vent inside, and the radiator that produces cool air needs to vent outside. However, even if you do this, the temperature controller might not consider that application, so you would have to s... | [
"In most cases \"hot in winter\" in far colder that \"hot in summer\" With the heater on and the fireplace on, the temperature will be between 25 and 30°C. In summer at 2AM, you're fine if it's only 25°C you have a problem when it's 40°C"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it that people procrastinate? | [
"Some people procrastinate because they feel powerless in their lives and it's one way they can exert power: Control whether a task is done and when."
] | [
"The ones who make so much money aren't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do people die in their sleep in a fire? Wouldn't uncontrolable coughing wake you up first? | [
"The carbon monoxide gas can knock a person unconscious -- so they may be \"put to sleep\" before they ever wake up."
] | [
"It is hard to tell because no one lives to tell the tale. On a more serious not, most people who die in their sleep probably die from a heart attack or a serious change in heart rythm. Heart attacks tend to hurt and i wouldn't be surprised if they wake up. A sudden change of heart rhythm makes the circulation sto... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if a murder were to occur on the ISS, what would be done about it? | [
"[Wikipedia article on space jurisdiction](_URL_0_). [PDF on law in ISS](_URL_1_). [More info](_URL_2_)."
] | [
"Not for a trial but delayed for an investigation. If someone was able to do that, no further executions would take place until measures were put in place to prevent it from happening again."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come when we eat food that's scalding hot, it doesn't feel like that after we swallow or if it's in our stomach? | [
"Simple. We don't have thermoreceptors (neurons that are able to sense the change in temperature which gives us the sensation of heat and cold) in those organs/tissues."
] | [
"Let's look at the characteristics of both foods as a five year old would: Chips are dry and salty. Salt is good, but eventually, it makes your mouth dry and without any moisture, your mouth tells you to chill out on the dry foods. Salsa is wet and cold. Liquids dont require as much work to chew or swallow, they wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are kids so fucking picky? | [
"Firstly, kids have a stronger sense of smell and taste. Many of the things we eat can taste and smell much stronger to kids. Secondly, kids have a phase when they realize they can refuse things. They realize they can say \"no\", that they are not mindless subordinate to adults. They learn that they can express the... | [
"Are you saying we should be more racist towards cats?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why can I use headphones as a microphone and not a microphone as a speaker(s)? | [
"You can if the mic is a dynamic (electromagnetic) mic. Most mics are electret condenser mics. If you do try to use a dynamic mic as a speaker, you will get very little sound and will burn out the coil if you try to get more sound. Microphones are made with thin wires and small diaphragms."
] | [
"The amplifier in the speakers is picking up a part of the signal output by your phone, amplifying them and sending it to the speakers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do people twitch, or jump, while they are falling asleep? | [
"Ah I hate these! It's a called a hypnagogic jerk and they occur during the transition between being awake and asleep. There are a couple of theories for them, such as accidental neuron misfiring, but I like the evolutionary approach to the phenomena. The theory goes that the jerk originates from our origins - whe... | [
"There are a lot of nerves in our faces. Stimulating these nerves helps to keep you awake. This is why you see babies doing this a lot when they are tired and don't want to go to sleep yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When reading nutritional information labels what is the remaining weight made of? | [
"Water it is. There is pretty much nothing else that could possibly be it. A very small percentage would be some technological additives like preservatives, colourants and stuff, but they usually are used in insignificant amounts (10s of mg/kg). Oh and possibly air if you think about some puffy bread, but that too ... | [
"It doesn't? After adding water, the caloric value per gram is much lower than before. Do you have a more specific example?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does wind 'suck' a door shut? | [
"Venturi effect. Air flowing through a restriction--even if only restricted on one side, such as when it flows past your open garage door--creates a low-pressure area as it must flow faster to get past the restriction. Higher pressure air inside the house then blows the door at the top of the stairs shut. The Ventu... | [
"The holes allow the air to flow through them. If it was flat, the air that builds up on the face would push the fly out of the way. At least that's how I understand it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What causes someone's voice to sound so much different than the norm (i.e. Gilbert Gottfried, Ray Romano) ? Is there a distinct physical difference in those people's larynges? | [
"No idea. I was curious too. but I do know Gilbert Gottfrieds voice is fake. he's over the top on purpose. _URL_0_"
] | [
"I believe when you are whispering, you're not really engaging your vocal cords. You're making the same mouth/tongue movements as when speaking, but no actual vocal cord vibration. That's why it's hard to recognize the voice of someone who is whispering. Most of the identifiable parts of someone's voice is based on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
The process for writing a song | [
"This has more to do with lyrics or stories or just writing in general but I think Neil Gaiman sums it up very well in my opinion. \"You write. That’s the hard bit that nobody sees. You write on the good days and you write on the lousy days. Like a shark, you have to keep moving forward or you die. Writing may or... | [
"incentive for continued periodic creation of good original material"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Where does the $$ for universal basic income come from? If an entire country is making UBI, where do the tax dollars come from? | [
"So the issue here is that people are still going to have jobs and work in companies. Many people are still going to work because they enjoy their jobs, because they want to have more money beyond the UBI, because it will keep them busy. The idea is that enough people will still be working that the economy will fun... | [
"> How is it, that the receivers of this tax money, don't just eventually end up with most of it, and the rest of us end up broke? The government spends a huge amount of money on goods and services. All those people working for the government get paid, all those things the government use are bought from suppliers, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is pork belly not being sold more commonly in the US? | [
"Pork belly is sold in the US, but people rarely buy a slab of meat. They prefer to buy it already processed into cuts, so they buy primarily bacon (normally preferring cured or smoked bacon) and to a lesser degree fatback rather than buying full porkbelly."
] | [
"Butchers compete on quality and selection because they can't beat the supermarket on price. In the US, you won't find USDA Prime in a supermarket. In addition, the meat is usually carved on premises, often to order, whereas supermarket meat is often carved off sight. Meat goes bad more quickly after it has been ca... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What would happen if very few people voted in the US 2016 Presidential Election ( E.g < 10 million votes) maybe as a protest. Would this open other options after the election? | [
"State law decides how the states use their electors in the college. (There is no federal popular election, but unfortunately this is often misunderstood.) The states choose to determine their vote using a popular election, but I'm not aware of any state that requires a minimum turnout. Perhaps they would retroacti... | [
"Why is the Electoral College still a thing? Has there been any effort to move away from it? Seems odd to have a system that allows a President to win while losing the popular vote. Why not award proportional amounts of votes from each state to their results? Has there been an effort to move away from the system?"
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How is the 9th circuit court's decision on concealed carry today reasonable? | [
"The First Amendment guarantees the right to free speech, but you can get in trouble for inciting hate crimes, yelling \"I HAVE A BOMB!!!\" on an airplane, etc. There are reasonable restrictions to the right to free speech. \"right to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed\" does NOT MEAN \"there can be absolut... | [
"They are federal district judges, and they have certain areas that their decisions are enforced over, those are their \"jurisdictions\". If a federal judge in one district rules one way that doesn't mean a federal judge in another district can't rule differently. > Do the different states expect their state to g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
what a vector in terms of art is? | [
"I think you mean vector graphics. Right? It's just a way to save image files. Basically when you save an image using a vector graphics you save the mathematical equations that produced that image. The advantages are: high resolution (in theory, infinite, in practice it depends on the screen), you can modify the i... | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is it that you wake up sick but don’t get sick while awake? | [
"I’ve developed a cold throughout the day twice. I know when it happens now because I become really really thirsty and just feel tired on the afternoon. The sniffles start soon after."
] | [
"You only choose to take a nap during the day if you're already tired. But you always go to bed at night, even when you aren't tired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The security council has 5 permanent members (the winners or WWII) - US, UK, China, Russia, and France. How come other Allied countries that won don't have permanent seats? (Canada, India, Poland) | [
"Because those permanent seats (along with veto rights) were given out to countries that were world powers at the time, not just winners of WWII. Basically, the security council realised that unless they got these five world powers involved, a security council was going to be useless. So they were willing to offer ... | [
"The nuclear nonproliferation treaty recognized the then-nuclear states as legit, and called on them to disarm to some degree (which they haven't) and tried to prevent nuclear capability from further spreading. It's called, creatively, The Treaty for the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) of 1970. Edit: In... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a Derivative? | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about finance:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about finance:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
When the concentration camps in Nazi Germany were liberated, why were people from local towns forced to bury the dead? | [
"It was because the soldiers liberating the camps were angry. Angry in a way that they had never been angry before, gut-wrenchingly furious. Wanting to lash out in some way. They did it because they believed that if the German civilians knew about or not it then this would bring it home to them. Might be right, m... | [
"Germany did a great job dismissing Hitler's delusions and many Germans were completely embarrassed by the actions of their country. Remember, the concentration camps were a well kept secret until they were discovered to the dismay of everyone around the world, including many Germans"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about History:",
"pos": "Represent the document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do earplugs that block mostly loud sounds selectively (gunshots) work? | [
"If you're asking about the style I think you are, they have a microphone and speaker assembly mounted in an otherwise high-reduction set of earmuffs. The mic and speaker are set up to run normally until a certain decibel threshold is reached, at which point the microphone cuts off and you are effectively on mute u... | [
"Active noise cancelling headphones have a microphone attached that listens to background noise and then plays other sounds that cancel out that background with a trick of physics, so you barely hear anything of constant, unchanging noises like engines. Noise isolating headphones just close around your ears and blo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
Why do some people have nightmares/bad dreams after eating spicy foods? | [
"Spicy foods can cause indigestion while you're sleeping. Stomach pain is commonly associated with fear or anxiety, sending your brain the signal that something is wrong. Because you are asleep your brain takes that anxious feeling and attaches a reason to it creating the narrative in your nightmares."
] | [
"Try eating some food before hand. Some people experience pretty bad stomach aches when drinking water on an empty stomach."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does peppermint unblock sinuses? | [
"Menthol and related molecules activate thermoreceptors responding to cold. One of the physiological response to cold is vasoconstriction (your blood vessels \"shrink\"). When your nose is blocked, it is mostly due to those vessels that are dilated, therefore, menthol can reduce that blocking since it will contract... | [
"Follow up question, why does apple juice make me fart like no other substance in existence?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
Why does it feel good to stretch out on the floor or in bed in the morning? | [
"Your muscles are held in their shape and place by a filmy covering called \"fascia\". As you sleep or remain motionless the fascia can grow and restrict muscle movement. A good stretch in the morning moves your muscles and the movement brushes away the fascia growth in the night. And you will feel free and looser.... | [
"The little creatures in your blood poke the inside of your arm with tiny forks because they are mad at you for sitting in the same position for too long."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If everyone uses a form of AD Block Plus how will, Twitcher/Youtuber/Web sites make money? | [
"If they can't show you Ads, they can't make money but less than 10% of those sites' population uses an Ad-blocking pugin/extension, so they don't worry yet. While that percentage keeps shy, big sites won't take action but if everyone uses Adblock or things like that, the sites will start banning people who uses th... | [
"Advertisers pay, we do not... Ever had Netflix skip?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Technology:"
} |
Why are so many scotches named "Glen-"? | [
"Glen means \"valley\" in gaelic. Scotland is reasonably hilly, and thus there are a lot of glens (and it's easier to build a distillery in a glen than on a hill!). Many glens were given names: Glencoe, Rutherglen, etc. And just like in every country, a lot of things/products/regions in Scotland are named for their... | [
"Who can say...why do Brit's pronounce Worcester \"Wooster\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
ELI-Five me Google's new privacy policy taking effect on March 1st, 2012, and what parts of it I should make note of, and/or be concerned about? | [
"First of all, this has been asked [several times in this subreddit](_URL_0_) already. Second, because I'm such a nice guy, here's an easy-to-understand explanation from the Electronic Frontier Foundation: _URL_1_"
] | [
"Because recently a law was passed in Europe which forces websites to tell you they use cookies. You should only see it once. Otherwise the cookies aren't working, ironically."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The short and long term effects of the airplanes dumping fuel have on the atmosphere, the soil, and on water. | [
"What happens is that it drops down below. There are regulations; fuel dumping is only done in emergency situations, where landing with all that fuel could be dangerous. It's not a huge problem, since it doesn't happen often. Not only are the airlines not permitted to do it, they aren't inclined to do it unless the... | [
"Turbidity of the water, salinity of the water, mineral content of the water, microorganism content of the water, distance to the bottom, composition of the bottom, to name a few reasons"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is Reddit still "unprofitable" if the average daily reddit gold goal is 100%? | [
"I thought the whole point of reddit gold was to pay for the servers, not to profit. I thought the daily goal was equal to the daily cost of running reddit servers. Am I wrong?"
] | [
"For google or the company advertising? Paid by click? Google has 3.3 billion daily searches, 3,300,000,000 views, with 10% of searches resulting in clicking online ads Thats 330,000,000. With 1.6% of those meeting the paid per click requirements, So we have 5,280,000. With Google charging $1-$2 dollars for adverti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it hard to remember dreams? | [
"It is difficult to remember dreams, because dreams take place in the brains pre-frontal cortex whereas memories and movements are stored in the cerebral cortex. Lucid dreams occur when our dreams drift into our cerebral cortex. This is the kind of thing that you learn in Neurology 101! Fox, Mason T. \"Christopher ... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why perfectionism is a negative trait? What's difference between perfectionism and doing someone's best? | [
"[This xkcd comic puts it pretty well.](_URL_0_) Or, there's the saying \"Don't hold a $1000 meeting to solve a $100 problem.\" In many situations, there's no approach that is objectively the \"best\" solution. Let's say I have a job interview, and I want to look my best. I put on a blazer, slacks, nice shirt... an... | [
"Dopamine regulates the pleasure-reward feeling you get when you do something you enjoy. When dopamine levels are low you become unmotivated, experience feelings of helplessness and lose interest in things that used to interest you. But that's just one of many many factors. There's no magical cure for depression. G... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is going on with the California drought? | [
"California hasn't been getting enough rain. The first year, everyone was thinking this was a short term problem and would resolve itself. The third year... water reserves are growing low and there's serious concern that if things don't change, California won't have enough water to not only continue with industrial... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a magnetic core, like Earth's, form? I have a very rudimentary understanding of how planets form. But, how did the Earths core end up like it is now? | [
"Earth's magnetic field comes from the molten outer core. When our sun was young, leftover gas and dust from it's formation orbited around it in a disc. clumps of this gas and dust started to swirl together to form the planets. The denser elements like iron and nickel fall to the center where under immense pressure... | [
"It's impossible for a satellite the size of the Moon to be caught in a planet the size of Earth's gravity. Plus the material make up of the moon is similar to that of our crust/mantle. Couple that with lots of simulations showing that another planet had to swipe by the Earth a couple times to put up enough materia... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Earth Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Earth Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why dont we build cars using water electrolysis? | [
"It takes more power to electrolyze water than we can recover from burning it."
] | [
"Nope, that's mostly not how it works at all. > Cars that run on hydrogen cells, make water as a byproduct, all the electrons are returned to the hydrogen molecules at that point. Yes, the electrons flow through the car and water is produced. > You make hydrogen cells by using a catalyst to separate the hydrogen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.