query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Enzymes found in CSF | The diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enzyme activities in neurological disorders has been evaluated most extensively with the enzymes aspaate aminotransferase (ASAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and lysozyme Refer Robbins page no chatteejee shinde 8th/730 | 10,400 | medmcqa_train |
In coarctation of aorta, site of rib notching is? | Ans. (b) Inferior to ribCauses of inferior rib notchingCauses of superior rib notching* Arterial: aortic coarctation, aortic thrombosis, pulmonary- oligemia/AV malformation, Blalock Taussig shunt, Tetralogy of fallot, absent pulmonary artery and pulmonary stenosis.* Venous: AV Malfomations of chest wall, superior vena ... | 10,401 | medmcqa_train |
The most commonly used, most biocompatible and adhesive cement is: | The use of polyacrylic acid makes GIC capable of bonding to tooth structure. GIC is considered superior to many types of cements because it is adherent and translucent. Various formulas are available depending on the intended clinical application.
Water-soluble polymers and polymerizable monomers have been replacing ... | 10,402 | medmcqa_train |
Laryngofissure is | Laryngofissure Opening the larynx in midline. Ref:- Stedman Dictionary; pg num:- 937 | 10,403 | medmcqa_train |
A 3 year male presented with progressive anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and osteomyelitis of jaw with pathological fracture, x-ray shows chalky white deposits on bone, probable diagnosis is | Ans. is 'a' i.e osteopetrosis Osteopetrosis (also known as Marble bone disease, Albers- Schonberg disease)Defect is in bone resorption due to abnormal function of osteoclasts.Defective bone resorption results in uniformly thickened dense bones, often without distinction between cortical and cancellous regions. The bone... | 10,404 | medmcqa_train |
The daily production of hydrogen ions from CO2 is primarily buffered by which of the following? | Aerobic metabolism produces 13,000 to 24,000 mmol CO2 per day. This yields close to that amount of H+ ions produced per day the reaction: CO2 + H2O - H2CO3 - H+ + HCO3-At the tissues, CO2 diffuses into the red blood cells, where the enzyme carbonic anhydrase accelerates the above reaction.The H+ produced is buffered ma... | 10,405 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following enzyme (s) paicipate in protein synthesis: | Ans: d. Peptidyl transferase[Ref Harper 30th/422-24, 28th/359-66, 323; Lippincott 4th/438-42; Chatterjea & Shinde 7th/248-501Enzyme Required for TranslationAmino-acyl-t-RNA synthetase: Enzyme required for activation of amino acids, Peptide synthetase (peptidyl transferase)The NH2 of new aminoacyl t - RNA (AI) in 'A' si... | 10,406 | medmcqa_train |
Reversible monoamine oxidase inbitors (MAOIs) are: | Ans: c (Moclobemide) Ref: Ahuja, 6th ed,p. Katzung Pharmacology, 10th ed,p. 475Moclobemide is a reversible and selective MAO-A inhibitor.MAO is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in oxidative deamination of biogenic amines(Adr,NA,DA,5-HT)ADVERSE EFFECTSHeadache, drowsiness, dry mouth, weight gain, postural hypotension, se... | 10,407 | medmcqa_train |
Maternal near miss refers to: | Ans. is c, i.e. A woman presenting with life-threatening conditions but has survived.Ref. Master Pass in Obs/Gynae Konar, p 341A woman presenting with any life-threatening condition and survived, is considered as a Maternal Near Miss case. Maternal Near Miss is a retrospective event. From the definition point of view, ... | 10,408 | medmcqa_train |
Byssinosis is due to exposure of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cotton dust Byssinosis is due to exposure to cotton dust in textile industries. | 10,409 | medmcqa_train |
A 68-year-old woman had been suffering long term effects of diverticulosis and inflammation of the transverse colon. To permit operating on a patient with severe diverticulosis of the transverse colon, it would be necessary to first ligate (tie off) or clamp the source of arterial supply. Which of the following arterie... | The middle colic artery is the principal source of arterial supply to the transverse colon. The right colic artery, an infrequent branch of the superior mesenteric artery, supplies the ascending colon. The ileocolic branch of the superior mesenteric artery supplies distal ileum, cecum, and ascending colon. The left col... | 10,410 | medmcqa_train |
Antibiotic of choice for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection is: | Ans: b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) | 10,411 | medmcqa_train |
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a disease that results from defects in: | Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a disease that results from acquired mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan complementation group A gene (PIGA), an enzyme that is essential for the synthesis of ceain cell surface proteins. Proteins are anchored into the lipid bilayer in two ways. Most have a hydropho... | 10,412 | medmcqa_train |
Brown atrophy occurs due to deposition of? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lipofuscin o Deposition of lipofuscin in the heart is referred as brown atrophy. | 10,413 | medmcqa_train |
Animal reservoir for swine influenza virus is: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., PigPigs can be infected with both human and avian influenza viruses in addition to swine influenza viruses. Infected pigs exhibit signs of illness similar to humans, such as cough, fever and runny nose. Because pigs are susceptible to avian, human and swine influenza viruses, they potentially may be i... | 10,414 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a feature of scurvy | Here are the 15 most common signs and symptoms of vitamin C deficiency. Rough, Bumpy Skin. Corkscrew-Shaped Body Hair. Bright Red Hair Follicles. Spoon-Shaped Fingernails With Red Spots or Lines. Dry, Damaged Skin. Easy Bruising. Slowly Healing Wounds. Painful, Swollen Joints Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th e... | 10,415 | medmcqa_train |
A 63-year-old man who has been previously healthy is admitted to the hospital with a 2-day history of cough, rigors, fever, and right-sided pleuritic chest pain. Chest x-ray shows consolidation of the right lower lobe (RLL) and a free-flowing right pleural effusion. Thoracentesis is performed, and the pleural fluid has... | Clinical conditions associated with either an increase in hydrostatic pressure (such as congestive heart failure) or a decrease in oncotic pressure (such as nephrotic syndrome) are associated with transudative pleural effusions. This patient's pleural fluid is exudative by all three of the Light criteria: pleural fluid... | 10,416 | medmcqa_train |
Methacolamine has maximum agonists action at which of the following cholinergic receptors | Katzung 12e p100 KDT 7/e p101 Methacolamine is a non selective muscarine agonists. It has maximum agonist action on M2 receptors. relative selective agonist of cholinergic receptors are: M1 selective -Oxatremorine M2 selective -Methacolamine M3 selective- bethanocol | 10,417 | medmcqa_train |
Tietze syndrome involves swelling of | Painful swelling of second or third Costo chondral joint. | 10,418 | medmcqa_train |
A 5 yr old male child presented with H/O recurrent infection. O/E the child has rashes as shown below. Routine blood investigation reveal patient has low platelets. Which of the following diagnosis is possible? | Possible Diagnosis isWiskott Aldrich syndrome X linked recessive WASP gene mutation More in boys Characterized byrecurrent infections, eczema like rash and thrombocytopenia | 10,419 | medmcqa_train |
Traveller's diarrhoea is most commonly caused by | Ans. a (ETEC). (Ref. Harrison, 18th/Table 149-2; Chapter 149. Diseases by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli)Five types of E.coli include:1. ETEC (enterotoxogenic E.coli)2. EIEC (enteroinvasive E.coli)3. EPEC (enteropathogenic E.coli)4. EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E.coli)5. EAEC (enteroaggregative E.coli)Traveller's diarrhoea i... | 10,420 | medmcqa_train |
Which is true about arboviral disease? | Ans. (c) KFD is transmitted by ticks Yellow fever is an exotic disease for India, i.e. disease which may be impoed in India or India is yellow fever 'receptive' area that is "an area in which yellow fever does not exist but where condition would permit its development if introduced". Dengue virus has at least 4 serotyp... | 10,421 | medmcqa_train |
Characteristics of an ideal candidate for copper-T inseion include all of the following except : | Candidate ideal for IUCD insseion: Who has borne atleast one child has no history of pelvic disease has normal menstrual periods is willing to check the IUD tail has access to follow up and treatment of potential problems is in a monogamous relationship. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd EDITION PA... | 10,422 | medmcqa_train |
A 66-year-old driver suffers a stroke while driving on highway. He has a history of hypeension, is a heavy smoker, and drinks beer every weekend A right upper motor neuron paralysis of the facial nerve is noted; the other cranial nerves are normal. He has a hemiplegia on the right side, with equal paralysis of the arm ... | Left Internal Capsule | 10,423 | medmcqa_train |
Most emetogenic anti CA drug: | Ref: Katzung 14th ed. pg. 956; KDT, 6th ed. pg. 828* Cisplatin is a platinum coordination complex that is hydrolyzed intracellularly to produce a highly reactive moiety which causes cross linking of DNA by platinum compound.* It is a highly emetic drug. Antiemetics are routinely administered before infusing cisplatin.*... | 10,424 | medmcqa_train |
Lauge - Hansen classification belongs to:- | Classification Fracture Lauge-Hansen Neer's Winquist Galand Gustilo Anderson Garden's/Pauwel's Ankle fracture Shoulder fracture Femur fracture Supracondylar humerus fracture Open fracture Neck of femur fracture | 10,425 | medmcqa_train |
In case of secondary amenorrhea who fails to get withdrawal bleeding after taking Estrogen and Progesterone, the fault lies at the level of | Secondary Amenorrhea
Definition:
In women who have menstruated previously, no menses for an interval of time equivalent to a total of at least three previous cycles or 6 months
Uterus must contain a functional endometrium that can respond to the actions of ovarian sex steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone
When e... | 10,426 | medmcqa_train |
Inspiratory stridor is obstructive lesions of: | STRIDOR 1. Inspiratory stridor - obstructive lesion of supraglottis of pharynx. 2. Expiratory stridor - lesion of thoracic trachea, primary and secondary bronchi 3. Biphasic stridor - lesion of glottis sub glottis and cervical trachea | 10,427 | medmcqa_train |
Abesent bile duct is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alagille syndrome Alagille Syndromeo Autosomal dominant diseaseo JAG 1 and NOTCH 2 mutationo Affects the liver and Hearta. Livero Biliary atresiao Autoimmune hepatitiso Jaundiceo Liver cirrhosisb Hearto Pulmonary stenosiso Tetralogy of Falloto VSDo Overriding aortac. Othero Other presentations of Alag... | 10,428 | medmcqa_train |
What is the type of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase caused by organophosphates? | Ans. d. Competitive and irreversible (Ref: Goodman Gillman 12/e p242. Katzung 12/e p106: KDT 7/e p99)The type of inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase caused by organophosphates is competitive & irreversible."Organophosphates cause irreversible inhibition of Acetyl-cholinesterase while that caused by carbamates is revers... | 10,429 | medmcqa_train |
Concentration of methemoglobin to appears cyanosis | C i.e. 1.5 01 | 10,430 | medmcqa_train |
Young woman LMP was 2 weeks back complains of pain in lower abdomen with no H/O fever and absence of leukocytosis. Diagnosis is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mittelschmerz o Young female having mid cycle lower abdominal pain without fever and leukocytosis directs to the diagnosis of mittleschmerz.# Mittelschmerz is a mid-cycle pain, not lasting more than 12-24 hours, around ovulation. Pain is located in one of the iliac fossa and may be accompanied with va... | 10,431 | medmcqa_train |
Rx of latent syphilis- | Stage of Syphilis Patients without Penicillin Allergy Patients with Confirmed Penicillin Allergy Primary, secondary, or early latent CSF normal or not examined: Penicillin G benzathine(single dose of 2.4 mU IM)CSF abnormal: Treat as neurosyphilis CSF normal or not examined: Tetracycline HCl(500 mg PO qid) or doxycyclin... | 10,432 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of pneumoperitoneum, as a result of colonoscopic perforation in a young patient is: | Risk Associated With Colonoscopy Risks of Colonoscopy: Perforation and hemorrhage MC site of bleeding after colonoscopy: Stalk after polypectomy MC site of perforation during colonoscopy: Sigmoid colon Perforation can be used by excessive air pressure, tearing of the antimesenteric border of the colon from excessive pr... | 10,433 | medmcqa_train |
Ring of Sommerring is seen in | D i.e. After cataract | 10,434 | medmcqa_train |
About cranial trauma false is | .neuroblastoma is the commonest abdominal tumor . it is the tumor of adrenal medulla.. clinical features-chilg presents with huge abdominal mass,in the groin which is non mobile.not moving with respiration. nodular surface,crosses the midline.dancing eye syndrome and opsomyoclonus racoon&;s eye sign is infra orbital ec... | 10,435 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements characterizes idiotypic determinants? | The idiotype is defined as the specific region of the Fab poion of the Ig molecule to which antigen binds. Antibodies against the idiotype poion of an antibody molecule are called anti-idiotype antibodies. The formation of such antibodies in vivo during a normal B cell antibody response may generate a negative signal t... | 10,436 | medmcqa_train |
Barrier method | Barrier methods includes Physical, Chemical and Combined methods Physical methods include Condom, Diaphragm and Vaginal sponge Chemical methods include Foams, Creams, Suppositories and Soluble films Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, Page no: 494, 495 | 10,437 | medmcqa_train |
Stage IIB cervical carcinoma. Best line of management: | Management of Cervical cancer Stage I-IIA -Radical Hysterectomy Stage >= IIB - Chemoradiation | 10,438 | medmcqa_train |
Oxygen - Hemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to left by - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alkalosis Oxygen dissociation curve Shifted to right Shifted to left o Decreased oxygen affinity to hemoglobin o Increased P50 o Increased oxygen delivery to tissues o Causes : # Decreased pH (Acidosis) # Increased temperature # Increased PCO2 # Increased 2, 3 DPG (BPG) i) Growth hormone, Androgen, th... | 10,439 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about Pneumococcus is false: | Meningitis is the most severe infection caused by pneumococci. Ref: Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics By A. Y. Elzouki, F. B. Stapleton, R. J. Whitley, William Oh, 2nd Edition, 2012, Page 1021; Textbook of Microbiology By Ananthnarayan, 8th Edition, Page 222 | 10,440 | medmcqa_train |
Lens contain which antigen? | Ans. Sequestered antigens | 10,441 | medmcqa_train |
A 45 years old male presents with complain of black spots on his tooth surface. He gives a history of multiple gold restorations and insists on getting the same for this tooth.The intraoral examination reveals pit and fissure caries in relation to 16. Which of the following features will be preferred for retention of t... | Skirts are preparation features used in cast gold restorations that extend the preparation around some, if not all, of the line angles of the tooth. When properly prepared, skirts provide additional, opposing vertical walls that increase retention of the restoration. The placement of skirts also enables increased resis... | 10,442 | medmcqa_train |
Which organism can penetrate intact cornea: September 2009 | Ans. B: Gonococci Organisms that penetrate intact epithelium: Corynebacterium (Diptheria)-a nonencapsulated, nonmotile, gram-positive bacillus Acanthamoeba Neisseria gonorrhoea Aegyptius Listeria Shigella | 10,443 | medmcqa_train |
Which virus is the leading cause of the croup syndrome in young children and, when infecting mammalian cells in culture, will hem absorb red blood cells? | Parainfluenza viruses are important causes of respiratory diseases in infants and young children. The spectrum of disease caused by these viruses ranges from a mild febrile cold to croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Parainfluenza viruses contain RNA in a nucleocapsid encased within an envelope derived from the host c... | 10,444 | medmcqa_train |
Ba's hydrops fetalis is lethal because - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hb Ba's cannot release oxygen to fetal tissues `In the foetus excess gamma globin chains form tetramers (Hb Bas) with such high affinity for oxygen that they deliver almost no oxygen to tissues' - Robbins o Clinically this condition manifests as hydrops fetalis and fetus shows features similar to thos... | 10,445 | medmcqa_train |
All are false except one in case of hyperophic pyloric stenosis - | Ans is 'd' ie USG is diagnostic test Hyperophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) The musculature of the pylorus and adjacent antrum is grossly hyperophied, the hyperophy being maximum in the pylorus itself. It occurs in approximately 3 in 1000 live bih and is the most common surgical cause of vomitting in infancy. M > F (4 : 1)*... | 10,446 | medmcqa_train |
Hutchinson's rule is related to | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 110, 166) *Hutchinson's rule:- In herpes zoster ophthalmicus, the involvement of the tip of the nose, supplied by external nasal nerve (a terminal branch of nasociliary nerve), signifies increase the risk of ocular involvement (uveitis). | 10,447 | medmcqa_train |
Pain in tonsillar fossa and upper neck is characteristic of? | Eagle's syndrome is characterised by pain in tonsillar fossa and upper neck. Pain radiates of ipsilateral ear. There is aggravation of pain on swallowing. It is caused by calcification of stylohyoid ligament / elongation of styloid process. Ref: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat by P.L. Dhingra, 9th edition, p287. | 10,448 | medmcqa_train |
Muscle relaxant of choice in hepatic and renal failure | A i.e. Cisatracurium | 10,449 | medmcqa_train |
Mechanism of action of tetanospasmin | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Inhibition of GABA release . Tetanospasmin blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine) in brain-stem and spinal cord. | 10,450 | medmcqa_train |
Anterior communicating aeries in the circle of Willis is derived from ? | The circulus aeriosus (circle of Willis) is a large aerial anastomosis which unites the internal carotid and veebrobasilar systems. Anteriorly, the anterior cerebral aeries, which are derived from the internal carotid aeries, are joined by the small anterior communicating aery. Posteriorly, the two posterior cerebral a... | 10,451 | medmcqa_train |
A 48 year old woman was admitted with a history of weakness for two months. On examination, cervical lymph nodes were found enlarged and spleen was palpable 2 cm below the costal margin. Her hemoglobin was 10.5 g/dl, platelet count 2.7 X 1091 L and total leukocyte count 40 X 109/ L, which included 80% mature lymphoid c... | Ans is 'd' i.e., A diffuse proliferation of medium to large lymphoid cells with high mitotic rate o Lymphocytes postive for CD 19, CD20, CD23, CD5 suggest the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphcytic lymphoma. o In CLL/SLL larger lymphocytes show high mitotic activity and form proliferation centre. Ch... | 10,452 | medmcqa_train |
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna is: | Ans. c. Government health insurance scheme meant for the poor (Ref: http://www.rsby.gov.in/about_rsby aspx)Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana is Government health insurance scheme meant for the poor."Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana provide health insurance coverage for Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. Objective is to prov... | 10,453 | medmcqa_train |
A young patient of schizophrenia is intolerant to anti-psychotic medications. Which drug is most preferred for such a patient: March 2012 | Ans: A i.e. ClozapineAbout 30% of patients do not respond to antipsychotics, or are intolerant to them, usually because of extrapyramidal side effects. The only proven drug intervention for this group is clozapine, which is effective in between a third and a half of such patients. | 10,454 | medmcqa_train |
Neuromuscular transmission is affected by ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Streptomycin All aminoglycosides reduce Ach release from the motor nerve endings. They interfere with mobilization of centrally located synaptic vesicles to fuse with the terminal membrane (probably by antagonizing Ca2+) as well as decrease the sensitivity of the muscle end plates to Ach. Neomycin and... | 10,455 | medmcqa_train |
All are long acting reversible contraceptives except : | IUCD is an effective, reversible and long term method of contraception Implanon and Jadella are subdermal implants which are effective for about 1-5 years Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17 e pg 267. | 10,456 | medmcqa_train |
CMV retinitis in HIV occurs when the CD4 counts fall below which of the following levels? | CMV Retinitis is the most common cause of loss of vision in AIDS patients. Majority of cases of CMV retinitis occur in patients with a CD4+ T cell count <50/micro L. Therefore, patients at high risk of CMV retinitis (CD4+ T cell count <100/micro L) should undergo an ophthalmologic examination every 3-6 months. CMV reti... | 10,457 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true regarding splenectomy in patients with hereditary spherocytosis, except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prolonged Anti-pneumococcal Antibiotic Prophylaxis must be given after splenectomy Splencectomv in patients with Hereditary spherocytosis Avoid splenectomy in mild cases. Delay splenectomy until at least 4 years of age after the risk of severe sepsis has peaked. Anti-pneumococcal vaccination befoe spl... | 10,458 | medmcqa_train |
True about subendocardial hemorrhages are all, except | SUBENDOCARDIAL HAEMORRHAGES: The haemorrhages are seen in the left ventricle, on the upper pa of the left side of the interventricular septum and on the opposing papillary muscles and adjacent columnae carnae. The haemorrhages are flame-shaped, confluent and tend to occur in one continuous sheet rather than patches. Wh... | 10,459 | medmcqa_train |
Casoni test is positive in: | Echinococcus | 10,460 | medmcqa_train |
A 50-year-old male presented with left upper quadrant pain. On examination, the spleen was palpable 10 cm below left costal margin. Peripheral smear is shown below. Which of the following IHC is used for diagnosis of the condition? | Hairy cell leukemia*An uncommon chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of B lymphocytes *Clinical presentation: Massive splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy*Peripheral blood: Bicytopenia/Pancytopenia, absolute monocytopenia, absolute neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. *Cytopenia could be due to hypersp... | 10,461 | medmcqa_train |
Infection with colitis is caused by | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Strongyloides Strongvloidiosis . It is most frequently asymptomatic . In symptomatic cases the following lesions may be observed. | 10,462 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for petit mal seizures is: September 2007 | Ans. D: Valproate Choice of antiseizure agents Primary generalised tonic clonic (grand mal)-carbamazepine, phenytoin Paial, including secondary generalized-valproate, carbamazepine,phenytoin Absence (petit mal)-valproate Atypical absence, myoclonic, atonic-valproate Febrile seizures-diazepam Status epilepticus-I/V diaz... | 10,463 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug is contraindicated in variant angina? | Variant angina is caused by coronary vasospasm DOC:Sublingual Nitroglycerine Prophylaxis : Calcium channel blockers (like verapamil and Diltiazem) and nitrates Beta blockers are avoided as they may precipitate coronary vasospasm by counteracting beta 2 mediated coronary vasodilation. Therefore they are avoided in varia... | 10,464 | medmcqa_train |
In comparing laparoscopic salpingostomy vs. laparotomy with salpingectomy for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy, laparoscopic therapy results in | Conservative laparoscopictreatment of ectopic pregnancy is now commonplace, although not yet universal.
With increasing sophistication of techniques and fiberoptics, many microsurgical procedures can be done through the laparoscope.
Recent studies suggestthat the fertility rates for laparoscopy and laparotomy are compa... | 10,465 | medmcqa_train |
The prophylaxis of pin prick injury in HIV EXCEPT | (D) Acyclovir for 12 months # Prevention of HIV transmission in health care settings:> In health care settings, universal body fluid precautions should be used, including use of gloves when handling body fluids and the addition of gown, mask, and goggles for procedures that may result in splash or droplet spread, and u... | 10,466 | medmcqa_train |
A patient prescribed crutches for residual paralysis in poliomyelitis is a type of - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Rehabilitation Provision of aids for crippled is rehabilitation, e.g. prescription of crutches for PRPP. It is a type of teiary prevention. | 10,467 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is used as prophylaxis in case of diphtheria: | • In most countries, the diphtheria toxoid vaccine is given in combination with tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccines (DTP vaccine).
• DPT vaccine is most effectively used for prophylaxis and prevention of diphtheria.
• Diphtheria is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This germ produces a toxin that c... | 10,468 | medmcqa_train |
In low ovarian reserve, Anti Mullerian hormone level will be:- | Ovarian Reserve < 1 is low , more than 2 is normal Markers of a REDUCED ovarian reserve are: Increasing age, especially beyond 35 Decreased ovarian volume Decrease estrogen Decrease Antral Follicular count High serum FSH, especially more than 15 Reduced Inhibin, especially lesser than 45 pg/ml Low AMH - (SINGLE BEST TE... | 10,469 | medmcqa_train |
In a mutation, if valine is replaced by which of the following, would not result in any change in the function of the protein | Normally functional hemoglobin may have different AA at position 67 of β-chain in place of valine. | 10,470 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug can lead to increased level of Theophylline | Cimetidine is an enzyme inhibitor which can increase theophylline levels and lead to toxicity. | 10,471 | medmcqa_train |
The following tumours commonly metastasise to the ovary, except : | Ans. is c i.e. Oesophagus | 10,472 | medmcqa_train |
Not seen in Narcolepsy: | Narcolepsy is characterized by Cataplexy (loss of muscle tone) not Catalepsy.
Catalepsy or catatonia is akinetic mutism & stupor seen in severe depression, schizophrenia.
Remember: Two lepsy's can not be together, Catalepsy is not seen in Narcolepsy. | 10,473 | medmcqa_train |
An adult male presented 4 weeks after intercourse with fever, rubbery ulcer, inguinal lymphadenopathy. Causative organism: | Ans. (a) LGVRef: Neena Khanna Synopsis of Dermatology 4th ed./322*LGV is an STD, caused by chlamydia presents classically with painless lymphadenopathy.*Mnemonic to remember LGV:# ABCDEFG: Asymptomatic, Bubo, Chlamydia, Doxy, Esthiomine, Fries test, Groove signDiseaseUlcerLymph nodeSyphilisPainlessPainlessChancroidPain... | 10,474 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of short stature is – | Constitutional delay in growth
This is significant cause of short stature in mid childhood period but the ultimate height is normal.
Their birth weight and height are normal.
Strong family history of parents having short stature in childhood with delay in onset of puberty is usually present.
The average growth velocit... | 10,475 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the most common cause of delayed urinary tract obstruction after Trans Urethral Resection of Prostrate (TURP): | Bladder neck stenosis is the most common cause of obstructive symptoms following Trans Urethral Resection of Prostrate (TURP). Its due to the presence of a tight membrane at the neck of the bladder. Ref: Transurethral resection By John Peter Blandy, Richard G. Notley, John Reynard, Page 190-91; Contemporary Issues in P... | 10,476 | medmcqa_train |
A 50 years old male patient travels alone in a remote village of Rajasthan was not on any food or water for the past 24 hours. Urine osmolality is 1150 mOsm/Kg. The major site of water reabsorption is | Answer: a) Proximal tubuleWater Transport along the NephronSegmentPercentage of Filtrate ReabsorbedMechanism of Water ReabsorptionHormones That Regulate Water PermeabilityProximal tubule67%PassiveNoneLoop of Henle15%Descending thin limbonly; passiveNoneDistal tubule0%No water reabsorptionNoneLate distal tubule and coll... | 10,477 | medmcqa_train |
Substance common in skin, hair and nail is? | Ans. (b) KeratinRef.: Bolognia dermatology ch: 55 | 10,478 | medmcqa_train |
Cataract is seen in all of the following EXCEPT: | In case of diabetics sugar alcohols (sorbitol) is present, which is hygroscopic in nature i.e. they absorb water. So, if this sugar alcohol is present in excess in cells, it will cause cell swelling. Especially it gets accumulated in lens of the eye causing cataract. 1. Glucose forms Sorbitol which gives rise to Snow F... | 10,479 | medmcqa_train |
About Helicobacter pylori, all are true except: | Ans is 'b' i.e., Uncommon in undeveloping Asian countries (Ref: Harrison, 17th/e, p.946,19th/e, p. 1038; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 400)Approximately 85% of developing countries are affected by H. pylori. | 10,480 | medmcqa_train |
Which flexor muscle is attached to hook of hamate- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Flexor digiti minimi o The hamate :The tip of the hook gives attachment to the flexor retinaculum.The medial side of the hook gives attachment to the flexor digiti minimi and the opponens digiti minimi. | 10,481 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Hashimoto encephalopathy except - | Answer- D. EEG is normalElectroencephalographyNonspecific electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities are seen in 90 to 98 percent of patients, usually demonstrating nonspecific slowing of background activity.Hashimoto's encephalopathy is treated with steroids | 10,482 | medmcqa_train |
In Medullary Carcinoma thyroid Tumour marker is? | Ans is B ie calcitonin Schwaz Surgery writes ? The presence of amyloid is a diagnostic finding, but immunohistochemistry for calcitonin is more commonly used as a diagnostic tumor marker. These tumors also stain positive for CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen) and CGRP (Calcitonin gene-related peptide)" | 10,483 | medmcqa_train |
A 56-year-old male smoker is referred with symptoms of weakness, dizziness, and right chest pain after playing with his grandson. He admits to having pain in the right shoulder and axilla off and on for the prior 6 mo. He denies any exposure to TB and has a negative PPD skin test. Routine laboratory tests are normal. C... | This x-ray shows a right upper lobe homogeneous opacity merging with the right paratracheal area in the apical segment. This is consistent with a Pancoast tumor. The right clavicle is obscured in its medial aspect but does not show any fracture or erosion. Underlying hyperinflation is seen in all lung fields. The inter... | 10,484 | medmcqa_train |
The amount of potassium delivered to this patient after giving one bottle? | Ans. (b) 4 mmol.Composition of one liter of Ringer's Lactate solution:* 130 mEq of sodium ion = 130 mmol/L* 109 mEq of chloride ion = 109 mmol/L* 28 mEq of lactate = 28 mmol/L* 4 mEq of potassium ion = 4 mmol/L* 3 mEq of calcium ion = 1.5 mmol/LRingers lactate has an osmolarity of 273 mOsm/L | 10,485 | medmcqa_train |
Nightmare is seen in | REM sleep events
- Narcolepsy
- Night mares
- Nocturnal penile tumescence | 10,486 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following type of face bow is used to locate the exact hinge axis point: | Arbitrary face bows are used to record terminal hinge axis arbitrarily. It is most commonly used in complete denture prosthodontics. It may be of facial type or eyepiece type.
Kinematic face bow is used to determine and locate the exact hinge axis point. It is attached to lower jaw. It is not used for complete denture ... | 10,487 | medmcqa_train |
0.1 to 0.2 mm nebular corneal opacity is treated by – | Central nebular opacity is treated by phototherapeutic keratectomy with an excimer laser (treatment of choice) or lamellar keratoplasty. | 10,488 | medmcqa_train |
An old man having complaint of anorexia, weakness and paraesthesia. On investigation, his haemoglobin was 5.8g% and peripheral smear showed macrocytes and neutrophils having hypersegmented nuclei. His tendon reflexes were also sluggish. Endoscopy revealed atrophic gastritis. Deficiency of which of the following factor ... | Diagnosis of the patient is pernicious anemia. Factors favouring this diagnosis are:
Megaloblastic anemia.
Demyelination (decreased tendon reflexes)
Atrophic gastritis
So, he would require B12 supplementation. | 10,489 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not develop from the neural ectoderm? | The structures developing from the Neural ectoderm are : Retina with its pigment epithelium Epithelial layers of ciliary body Epithelial layers of iris Sphincter and dilator pupillae muscles Optic nerve(neuroglia and nervous elements only) Melanocytes Secondary vitreous Ciliary zonules (teiary vitreous) Reference: A.K.... | 10,490 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following condition is diagnosed using a positive urinary anion gap? | Positive urinary anion gap is associated with distal A, as the kidney cannot excrete H+ as NH4Cl. The urinary anion gap (Na+ + K- - Cl-) reflects the ability of the kidney to excrete NH4Cl. It is used to differentiate between gastrointestinal and renal causes of hyperchloremic acidosis. In gastrointestinal cause of hyp... | 10,491 | medmcqa_train |
Multiple drug resistance is transferred through: | Conjugation Sexual contact through the formation of a bridge or sex pilus is common among gram-negative bacilli of the same or another species. This may involve chromosomal or extrachromosomal (plasmid) DNA. The gene carrying the &;resistance&; or &;R&; factor is transferred onlv if another &;resistance transfer factor... | 10,492 | medmcqa_train |
Test for ovarian reserve: | Ans. c. FSH /Ref Harrison 19e p2388, 18/e p17/e p2331]Ovarian reserve is the capability of ovary to produce egg. The methods for assessing ovarian reserve are classified into Passive testing and Dynamic testing. FSH level is a method for testing passive ovarian reserve."As woman ages FSH becomes elevated in an attempt ... | 10,493 | medmcqa_train |
19 year old boy had a history of fall on out stretched hand while playing. He developed slight radial side pain and tenderness. On examination pressure along the axis of thumb is painful and x rays are normal. | C i.e. Scaphoid fracture | 10,494 | medmcqa_train |
Retinal cells which secrete acetylcholine | The cholinergic amacrine cells of the rabbit retina secrete acetylcholine by two mechanisms. One is activated by stimulation of the retina by light or depolarization of the amacrine cells by K+ ions. It requires the presence of extracellular Ca2+. The second is independent of extracellular Ca2+ and is unaffected by lar... | 10,495 | medmcqa_train |
Sodium potassium pump is a: | Sodium potassium pump is a heterodimer It has alfa and beta subunits | 10,496 | medmcqa_train |
Hyperaldosteronism is associated with all except: | Ans. (d) Metabolic acidosis(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.370)Clinical consequences of excess aldosterone are,#Sodium and water retention leading to expansion of ECF volume and hypertension#Excess potassium excretion by kidney (K+ loss)#Excessive urinary excretion of H+ ion leading to metabolic alkalosis | 10,497 | medmcqa_train |
Ideal contraceptive for newly married couple is: | Ans b. Combined OCPs Ideal contraceptive for newly married couple is combined oral contraceptive pill"Best contraceptive for newly married couple is combined oral contraceptive pill""Combined oral contraceptive has lesser failure rate than progestins. IUCDs should not be used in newly married couple.""Best contraceptiv... | 10,498 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of hyper-parathyroidism EXCEPT: | Ans. (c) DiarrheaRef.: Harrison 19th ed. / 2342* Hyperparathyroidism leads to increase PTH. PTH increases serum calcium by increasing dietary absorption of vitamin D3. It also ensures that the proximal convoluted tubule start loosing phosphate in urine leading to decreased serum phosphate.* The increase serum calcium l... | 10,499 | medmcqa_train |
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