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25 year old weight lifter experienced sever headache during training. CSF tap done on the medical ward showed blood stains. What is the likely diagnosis?
The diagnosis is subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm. The term subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) refers to extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space between the pial and arachnoid membranes. Intracranial saccular aneurysms ("berry aneurysms") represent the most common etiology of nontraumatic SAH; abo...
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Occlusion of the ant descending branch of LAD will lead to infarction of which area?
B i.e. Anterior wall of left ventricle
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Black necrotic mass seen in the nose of a elderly diabetic patient. Most probable diagnosis -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mucormycosis o Mucormycosis is fungal infection of nose and paranasal sinuses which may prove rapidly fatal if untreated.o It is seen in uncontrolled diabetics or in those taking immunosuppressive drugs.o From the nose and sinuses, infection can spread to orbit, cribriform plate, meninges and brain.o ...
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All are constituents of soda-lime except
Sodalime constitutes a mixture of 95% Ca(OH)2, 5%NaOH, 1% KOH. Ba(OH)2 is a component of Beralime.
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Blockage of internal upper respiratory tract by some solid or semisolid material refers to
CHOKING This term refers to the blockage of internal upper respiratory tract by some solid or semisolid material. The common agents may be piece of food, lump of meat, coins, buttons, set of false teeth, marbles, corns, etc Ref: TEXTBOOK OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY KRISHNAN VIJ FIFTH EDITION PAGE 117
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Fibroid causes all the following except:
Ans. B. AmenorrheaSymptoms of fibroid are:a. Menorrhagia, polymenorrhea and metrorrhagiab. Infertility, recurrent abortionsc. Paind. Abdominal lumpe. Pressure symptomsf. Vaginal dischargeAround 50% women are asymptomatic.Important points:a. These are benign neoplasms occurring in 5-20% of women in reproductive age grou...
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Which is true regarding shoulder dislocation?
D i.e. All of the above
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Not a factor impoant for substance dependence?
D i.e. Intelligence Substance abuse and dependence depends on genetic predisposition, family interactions & history of substance abuse disorder, peer pressure and personality (antisocial personality disorder, anxiety disorder, depressive disorder). But it has nothing to do with intelligenceQ. In other words, under peer...
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Which of the following is false as physiological change in pregnancy
Ref:- Williams obstetrics 25th Edition; Pg num:- 22/44
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Metanephros develops during which week of embryonic development?
The third urinary organ, the metanephros, or permanent kidney, appears in the fifth week. Its excretory units develop from metanephric mesoderm in the same manner as in the mesonephric system. Ref: Langman's embryology 11th edition Chapter 15.
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In leprosy nerves commonly involved –
Involvement is high ulnar (at or above the elbow) and low median (at the wrist).
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Which one of the following is a common side effect of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate
Most common adverse effect of inhaled corticosteroids is oropharyngeal candidiasis. Pituitary-adrenal suppression is less likely with the inhalational route of corticosteroids .
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A newborn suffering from perforated necrotizing enterocolitis is having very poor general condition. He is currently stabilized on ventilator. Which of the following should be done in the management of this patient -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Peritoneal drainage by putting drains in the flanks o Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening emergency of the GIT in the newborn period. Management of necrotizing enterocolitis Medical treatment of NEC include Cessation of feeding Nasogastric decompression Administration o...
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Which of the following monoclonal antibody is used in the treatment of Atopic dermatitis?
Dupilumab is a antibody against IL-4 receptor, used in the treatment of Atopic dermatitis.
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Angular vein infection may cause thrombosis of:
(a) Cavernous sinus(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 1; 965)Angular vein (from the medial angle of the eye) continues as the facial vein which through the deep facial vein communicates with the cavernous sinus through the pterygoid plexus of veins.
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Which of the following is used for management of this 65 year-old patient with respiratory distress. Bedside Echo shows an Ejection fraction of 45%.
The CXR shows evidence of bat wing oedema which is seen with Acute decompensated CHF which is managed by: L--> Lasix M-->Morphine N-->Nitrates O-->Oxygen P-->Positioning of the patient.
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All are the predisposing factors of osteogenic sarcoma except -
Causes of secondary osteosarcoma :  Paget disease  Fibrous dysplasia Multiple osteochondroma Chronic osteomyelitis Radiation   Enchondromatosis   Bone infarction
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A patient with ptosis presents with retraction of the ptotic eye lid on chewing. This represents -
Also known as Congenital synkinetic ptosis retraction of the ptotic eye lid on chewing with stimulation of ipsilateral pterygoid muscle. Ref : Ak khurana 6th edition pg no 379
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Surgery for single perforation due to typhoid is:
Ans. (c) Primary closureRef: Sabiston 20th edition, Page 1267Typhoid perforation:* Occurs in 2% cases* Due to ulceration of Peyer's patches perforation commonly occurs at terminal ileum and usually it is a single perforation* Simple closure is treatment of choice* If perforation is multiple (25%) resection and anastomo...
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Extensive abrasions are found on the body of a pedestrian. The cause is: AI 09
Ans. Secondary injury
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Schizophrenia can be treated with all the following EXCEPT:
Medications Antipsychotic Reduces or improves the symptoms of ceain psychiatric conditions. Anti-Tremor Helps control tremor, shaking and unsteadiness. Ref; KD Tripati 8th ed.
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All are true about cadaveric spasm, except: PGI 12; NEET 14
Ans. Involves involuntary muscles
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A neonate presents with colicky pain and vomiting with sausage -shaped lump in the abdomen, Diagnosis is
C. i.e. (Intussusception) (80-B & L 25th)INTUSSUSCEPTION* Typically causes a strangulating bowel obstruction, which can progress to gangrene and perforation* Commonest site is ileocolic** (80%)* Majority of affected infants - intussusception is caused by (Hypertrophy of Peyer's patches) hyperplasia of gut lymphoid tiss...
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A 62-year-old farmer presented with a way plaque on the sole of the right foot since a year. Examination revealed a large, way, hyperpigmented plaque on the sole of the involved foot. What is the probable diagnosis?
History suggestive of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis / Anatomist's wa - Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis - Caused by exogenous inoculation of tubercle bacilli into skin of individuals with good immunity. Affects children/young adults who contract the bacteria by walking barefoot--> way plaque on the sole of the foot Sitting ...
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Topical mitomycin-C is used in: (REPEAT)
Mitomycin-C is an antineoplastic antibiotic that acts as an alkylating agent by inhibiting DNA and protein synthesis. It can inhibit cell division, protein synthesis, and fibroblast proliferation. Topical application of mitomycin-C (0.4 mg/mL) was used as an adjuvant treatment in the endoscopic laser management of lary...
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Rigid esophagoscopy is not done in -a) Cervical spine rigidity b) Aortic aneurysmc) Carcinoma esophagus d) Esophageal webe) Lung abscess
Contraindications of esophagoscopy (rigid type): Trismus Aneurysm of aorta Receding mandible Advanced heart, liver, kidney diseases (relative contraindication). Diseases of cervical spine, e.g. cervical trauma, spondylitis, TB, osteophytes, kyphosis, etc.
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F plasmid of high frequency recombination is a
Characters of Plasmids: 1.Plasmids are circular DNA molecules. 2.Can replicate independently. 3.Plasmids or episomes are not essential for bacteria. 4.They may carry propeies of a)Drug resistance b)Toxigenicity Eg:E.coli,Klebsiella Salmonella Shigella ,Proteus Types of plasmids : 1.R plasmids. 2.Col factors (Colicinoge...
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In the lungs bronchial arteries supply the bornchopulmonary tree -
Bronchial arteries supply till respiratory bronchiole.
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Which is false regarding post dural puncture headache?
predisposing factors for PDPH Age: Younger, more frequent Sex: Females > males Needle size: Larger > smaller Needle bevel: Less when the needle bevel is placed in the long axis of the neuraxis Orienting a needle bevel parallel with the axis of the spine, such that the longitudinal fibers of the dura would more likely b...
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Third-nerve palsy can result from pathology at all of the following, EXCEPT:
A third-nerve palsy can result from pathology anywhere along its anatomic pathway, beginning with the brainstem, continuing within the subarachnoid space, traversing the cavernous sinus, and terminating within the orbit. Impoant: Contralateral hemiplegia suggests brainstem involvement. In cases of isolated oculomotor p...
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First manifestation in cell injury
Ans. (b) Cell swelling(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 46; 8th/pg 12)Cloudy swellingQ - earliest morphological change in reversible cell injuryQ due to accumulation of water intracellularly
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A/E are true regarding Alzheimer's disease.
B i.e. Abrupt onset acute exacerbation
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A non-caseating granuloma is seen in?
granuloma- distinctive type of chronic inflammation characterized by microscopic aggregation of activated macrophages (epithelioid cells) with scattered lymphocytes sometimes granulomas are associated with central necrosis caseating granuloma tuberculosis histoplasmosis non-caseating granulomas have no necrotic center ...
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The Tensor Tympani is a derivative of:
1st arch
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The superficial external pudendal artery is a branch of -
Femoral artery branches -        Superficial Superficial external pudendal Superficial epigastric Superficial circumflex iliac -        Deep Profunda femoris Deep external pudendal Muscular branches Descending genicular branch
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Which proton pump inhibitor can be used IV?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pantoprazole o Pantaprazole is more acid stable and has higher oral bioavailability. It is also available for i.v. administration; paicularly employed in bleeding peptic ulcer and for prophylaxis of acute stress ulcers.
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Ivabradine is indicated in the management of
Ivabradine This 'pure' hea rate lowering antianginal drug has been introduced recently. mech of action:- The only significant action of ivabradine is blockade of cardiac pacemaker (sino-atrial) cell 'f' channels, which are 'funny' cation channels that open during early pa of slow diastolic (phase 4) depolarization. The...
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Dose of Oseltamavir (Tamiflu) for Chemoprophylaxis against H1N1 Influenza is:-
H1N1 Risk factors : Child < 2yrs ; pregnancy ; old aged > 65yrs ; COPD; Chronic hea/ hepatic/ kidney disease; Pts on Aspirin therapy; Morbid obesity Lab diagnosis : -PCR Sample used : Nasopharyngeal swabs Chemoprophlaxis for H1N1 Swine flue: Oseltamivir 75 mg OD X 10 days Therapy/DOC for H1N1 Swine Flu : Oseltamivir 75...
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All of the following statements are true about Hemolytic uramic syndrome except-
Answer is D (Positive Coomb's test) Comb's test is characteristically negative in patients with HUS. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is characterised by a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocvtopenia. The LDH is usually elevated out of propoion to degree of hemolvsis, and the coomb's test is negative. Coagulation ...
148,638
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Which of the following is not a complication of EALE's disease?
Eale's diseaseis a nonspecific inflammation of veins of the peripheral retina. Optic neuritis does not occur as a complication of Eale's disease. Common eye manifestations includes retinal hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, rubeosis iridis, complicated cataract and neovascular glaucoma. Reference: Tex...
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Side-effects of the cis-platinum include all of the following except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Blindness Side effects of Cisplatin o Vomiting o Ototoxicity o Hyperuricemia o Nephrotoxicity o Neuropathy
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During preanaesthetic evaluation Anaesthetist wrote Mallampati grade 3 what it signifies:-
other predictors of difficult intubation. Thyromental distance <6.5 cm with head in maximum extension Sterno-mental distance <12 cmwith head in maximum extension Increased neck circumference (>17 inches in men or >16 inches in women) Upper lip bite test :Inability to protrude the mandible or lower teeth in front of the...
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RAS gene codes for:
RAS is the most common oncogene mutation involved in human cancer. It codes for signal transduction protein. BRAF, ABL, JAK/STAT are other signal transduction proteins involved in neoplasia.
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Deep white matter lesion with bilateral deep bright thalamic appearance is suggestive of which disease?
Deep white matter lesion along with the involvement of thalamus suggests Krabbe's disease. The deficient lysosomal enzyme in Krabbe disease is galactocerebrosidase (GALC; also called galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase); it normally degrades galactocerebroside to ceramide and galactose. The deficiency results in the ...
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Human brain is more intelligent than monkey's brain due to
Association areas, which are related to intelligence and higher functions, are about 85% of the human brain. These are smaller in other animals.
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Investigation of choice for congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is?
b. Ultrasound(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1797-1799, Ghai 8/e p 279-280)USG confirms the diagnosis of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
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Ketamine is preferred anaesthetic agent in the following cases except
Since ketamine stimulates sympathetic nervous system, it causes hypertension and tachycardia.
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The neuromuscular blocker that does not need reversal of action by neostigmine at the end of the operation is:
* Long acting non-depolarizing (competitive) NM blocking agents require reversal with neostigmine. * Mivacurium is the shoest acting NDMR. It does not require reversal due to its sho duration of action. * Mivacurium can be used in day care surgery.
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Recent hepatitis infection is best diagnosed by:
Ans. is 'd' i.e., IgM anti HBc abs(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 548 and 8th/e, p. 544)* HBsAg is the first marker to be elevated and Anti HBc.- IgM appears within 1 - 2 weeks after the appearance of HBsAg and lasts for 3 - 6 months.* Diagnostic tests in recent hepatitis B infection are HBsAg detection and HBc.- IgM a...
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Staphylococcus can cause
Staphylococcal infections are the most common bacterial infections and range from tril to fatal. The common pyogenic staphylococcal infections are: Skin and soft tissue infections: Folliculitis, furuncle, abscess, wound infections, carbuncle, impetigo, paronychia and less often cellulitis. 2. Musculoskeletal: Osteomyel...
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Which of the following disease occurs due to the deficiency of glucocerebroside?
Ans: a (Gaucher disease) Ref: Vasudevan and Sreekumari, 4th ed.Gaucher disease is due to lack of glucocerebroside and substance accumulating is glucosyl ceramide.Lysosomal storage disorders/ sphingolipidosis/ lipid storage diseases:Disease Enzyme deficientSubstance accumulating * Pompe diseasea glucosidase (acid maltas...
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Alpha -1 antitrypsin deficiency occurs in
Emphysema:*Irreversible enlargement of airspaces distal to terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls.*Types: Centriacinar (Common), panacinar, paraseptal and irregular.*Panacinar emphysema is associated with a1-antitrypsin deficiency, which is an inhibitor of proteases secreted by neutrophils durin...
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medmcqa_train
Nerve supply for external ear are all Except
The greater auricular nerve supplies medial surface of the pinna and posterior pa of the lateral surface. lesser occipital supply upper pa of the medial surface and auriculotemporal supplies tragus, crus of the helix and adjacent pa of the helix.Reference: Dhingra 6th edition.
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The most common cause of death in carcinoma is :
Uraemia
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A study under Australian collaborative trial on steroids use in neonates was done. Which of the following is true -
Ans is 'b' i.e., Coicosteroid to children causes behavioural worsening o The Australian Collaborative Trial of Repeat Dose of Steroids (ACTORDS) conducted as multicentric RCT, in Australia and New Zealand by Crowtheriv, v and colleagues enrolled 982 pregnant women less than 32 weeks to receive either single dose of int...
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A 2 – year – old child comes with discharge, seborrheic dermatitis, polyuria and hepatosplenomegaly. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis :
Seborrheic dermatitis, polyuria, hepatosplenomegaly and discharge suggest the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Clinical manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis : It has diverse clinical features. These are 1. Skeletal involvement : It is seen in 80% of cases (75% cases present with solitary lytic ...
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All of the following red cell abnormality provides protection against malaria Except
Acanthocytes have coarse, weirdly spaced, variably sized crenations, resembling many-pointed stars. They are seen on blood films in, among others abetalipoproteinemia, liver disease, chorea acanthocytosis, McLeod syndrome, and several inherited neurological and other disorders, such as neuroacanthocytosis, anorexia ner...
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An example of chromoprotein is
Chromoproteins: These are proteins with coloured prosthetic groups. Hemoglobin (Heme, red); Flavoproteins (Riboflavin, yellow), Visual purple (Vitamin A, purple) are some examples of chromoproteins. Reference: Vasudevan 7th  ed, pg 43
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High-altitude acclimatization may be facilitated by all except?
Erythropoietin secretion increases promptly on ascent to high altitude and then falls somewhat over the following 4 days as the ventilatory response increases and the aerial PO2 rises. The increase in circulating red blood cells triggered by the erythropoietin begins in 2-3 days and is sustained as long as the individu...
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Most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage IS
*Commonly result from rupture of congenital berry aneurysms in the interpeduncular cistern Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2344
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Jumping gene is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Transposon Transposon . Also known as jumping genes. . Transposon is a segment of DNA with one or more genes in the centre. . It has ability to move around in a 'cut-and-paste' manner between chromosomal and extrachromosomal DNA. . Transposons attach at ceain regions of chromosomal, plasmid or phage D...
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medmcqa_train
Which organ is involved in Goodpasture syndrome?
Good pasture syndrome Type II Hypersensitivity reaction. Auto Ab against glomerular basement membrane - type IV collagen Affects kidneys & lung causing hematuria & hemoptysis Characterized by linear deposits.
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Short gastric arteries reach the stomach via
(B) (Gastrosplenic ligament) (172-snell 7th)* Short gastric arteries- arises from the splenic artery ** at the hilum of the spleen and passes forward in the gastrosplenic omentum (ligament) to supply fundus1. Gastrosplenic ligamentContains short gastric vessels *2. Lino renal ligamentContains splenic vessels and tail o...
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Which intrinsic ocular muscle is supplied by parasympathetic innervation -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Constrictor pupillae Intrinsic ocular muscles (intraocular muscles)o Intraocular muscles are -A) Muscles of iris# There are two types of muscles in iris that control the size of pupili) The iris sphinctor or constrictor pupillae (circular muscles):- These muscles are innervated by the postganglionic p...
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Bagassosis is due to inhalation of:(1987)
Ans: bRef: Park, 17th ed, p. 576 & 18th ed, p. 608
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Most common salivary gland to get stones:
Ans. (b) SubmandibularRef: Bailey 26/e p732t 25/e p755Stones in Salivary glands:* MC site - Submandibular (80%), Parotid (10%), Sublingual (7%)* MC site is Wharton's Duct > Submandibular gland* Composition of Submandibular duct stone - Ca. and Mg, PO4 and CaCO3 * Submandibular stones are radio opaque* Submandibular sec...
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A child with acute respiratory distress showing hyperinflation of the unilateral lung in X-ray is due to –
Sudden onset of respiratory distress with hyperinflation of lung suggest the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration. "Foreign body aspiration should always be considered as a potential cause of stridor and airway obstruction in children". Congenital lobar emphysema can also cause respiratory distress with hyperinflatio...
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Circumcision is contraindicated in:
Ans: C (Hypospadias) Ref: Bailey and Love's Short Practice of Surgery 25th EditionExplanation:"Most of the procedures for hypospadias make use of prepuceal skin and so circumcision should be avoided until repair is done."Contraindications for CircumcisionIn infants with certain genital structure abnormalitiesMisplaced ...
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Muller's manoeuvre is used to
Muller's manoeuvre is used to find level and degree of obstruction in sleep-disordered breathing with flexible nasopharyngoscope Ref: Textbook of ENT, Dhingra; 6th edition; Pg no: 449 ref img
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Investigation of choice in Thiamine deficiency is
Severe thiamine deficiency is associated with: Decreased RBC transketolase activity this is the earliest manifestation seen even before clinical disturbances Thiamin is a cofactor of Transketolase pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and lactate level in blood increases in thiamine deficiency ref: DM Vasudevan 8th ed page 467
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Following can be used as a yardstick for the assessment of standards of therapy ?
Ans. is `d' i.e., Survival rate Survival rate o It is the propoion of survivors in a group (e.g. of patients) studied and followed over a period of time. o It is a method of describing prognosis in ceain disease conditions. o Survival experience can be used as a yardstick for the assessment of standard of therapy. o Su...
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Last organ to be dissected during autopsy in death caused by asphyxia is:
Ans. a. Neck ast organ to be dissected during autopsy in death caused by asphyxia is neck Autopsy in Asphyxial Death Detailed study of the neck organs is required during autopsy of asphyxia death. Cranial, thoracic and abdominal organs are removed before dissecting the neck, so that, the body is drained of blood. Such ...
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Glue ear -
Glue Ear/serous Otitis Media is a painless condition Ref. Dhingra 5/e, p 72, 6/e, p 64; Current Otolaryngology 2/e, p 658
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Vicryl, the commonly used suture material is a:
- Vicryl - copolymer of glycolide and lactide - Work horse suture of general surgeon - Delayed absorbable suture (60-90 days)
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True about fraternal twins are: UP 11
Ans. Comes from single egg
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Post spinal headache can be prevented by
The most impoant causative factor for spinal headache is needle size, so use of small gauge needle is the best method to prevent post spinal headache. There is no evidence that any duration of bed rest after lumbar puncture has a role in preventing headache. Improving hydration by increased fluids (either oral or intra...
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Pediatirc airway differ from adult -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Large tongue Airway : Pediatric Vs Adulto Obligate nasal breather o Large tongueo Larynx & trachea are funnel shapedo Larynx located higher (C4) Vs C6 in adulto Narrowest part is cricoid (glottis in adults)
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Thyroid gland is stimulated by which hormone during pregnancy ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., HCGThe endocrine system undergoes notewohy changes during pregnancy.The pituitary, thyroid and parathyroid glands appear enlarged.The enlargement of thyroid gland occurs under the influence of hCGs pituitary thyrotropin (TSH) and human chorionic thyrotropin from placenta. This results in an increase i...
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Avascular necrosis for patients can be retarded by?
1500 mg Ca daily REF: Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism by Kenneth Becker Page 630 In renal, gastrointestinal or other diseases leading to avascular necrosis, daily calcium supplementation of 1500 mg is required to prevent and reatard avascular necrosis and other metabolic bones diseases.
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In glycolytic pathway, products formed are :
D i.e. All of the above
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Preferred initial treatment for Ca anal canal is
Anal cancer Uncommon tumour, which is usually a squamous cell carcinoma Associated with HPV More prevalent in patients with HIV infection May affect the anal verge or anal canal Lymphatic spread is to the inguinal lymph nodes Treatment is by chemoradiotherapy in the first instance Major ablative surgery is required if ...
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Most common cause of mass in posterior mediastinum in children –
"Most common posterior mediastinal masses in children are neurogenic tumors".  Posterior mediastinal mass in children 1) Neurogenic tumors (Most common)                      2) Foregut cyst (Second most common) 3)   Lymphoma (Third most common)                      4) Germ cell tumors 5)   Lymphangiomas and agiomas M...
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An IV drug user is diagnosed to have infective endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
Prosthetic valve endocarditis is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Many of these strains are resistant to methicillin. It usually involves the tricuspid valve. Prosthetic valve endocarditis usually occur within 2 months of valve surgery. It is usually due to an intraoperative contamination of prosthesis or...
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Virchow's triad includes all of the following, except
Virchow's triad refers to three primary influences that predispose to thrombus formation. Endothelial injury (or vascular injury) Stasis or turbulence of blood flow Blood hypercoagulability Virchow's triad should be the cornerstone for assessment of risk factors for deep venous thrombosis. Stasis can occur with venous ...
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Red flag sign in child development if not attained ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Standing alone at l6 month Red flag sign of child developmentMilestoneAgeNo visual fixation or following by2 monthsNo vocalisation6 monthsNot siting without suppo9-10 monthsNot standing alone16 monthsNot walking alone18 monthsNot single word18 monthsLack of imaginative play3 years
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Heart failure cells are -
Heart failure cells (siderophages) are hemosiderin containing macrophages in alveoli that are seen in left ventricular failure and denote previous episodes of pulmonary edema. Left-sided heart failure The major morphological and clinical effects of LVF are due to increased back pressure in the pulmonary circulation a...
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Largest diameter of pelvis:
Ans. (a) TransverseRef.: D.C. Dutta 8th ed. / 99-104* If such questions are asked regardless of pelvic plain, then transverse diameter of pelvic inlet has largest diameter (13cm).If it is not in option, next best option is oblique diameter (12cm)* Smallest diameter regardless of pelvic plain- Bispinous (10cm)* For more...
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PCR requires
A primer is a sho strand of RNA or DNA (generally about 18-22 bases) that serves as a staing point for DNA synthesisPolymerase chain reaction uses DNA primers because they are more temperature stable. In experiments, it is often impoant to use a primer with a similar Tm to the template strand it will be hybridizing to....
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Xiphisternum is present at what level ?
Ans. is'c'i.e., T9(Ref. Keithl. Moore Clinically Oriented Anatomy Ple p. 84)Level of xiphisternum - T9
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Yersinia enterocolitica, formerly a Pasteurella, has more than 50 sero-types that can be isolated from rodents, sheep, cattle, swine, dogs, and cats and water contaminated by them, and is best described by which of the following?
All the organisms are short, ovoid, gram-negative rods. For the most part, they are nutritionally fastidious and require blood or blood products for growth. These and related organisms are unique among bacteria in that, though they have an animal reservoir, they can be transmitted to humans. Humans become infected by a...
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Most common unfavourable sequelae of serial extraction:
Early extraction of the buccal teeth and uprighting of incisors can result in deepening of the bite. This can be corrected with bite plane. Ref: textbook of orthodontics gowrishankar 2nd edition page 533
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A 28 Years of old lady presented with wrist pain. X-ray wrist us showing lytic eccentric lesion in lower end of radius with soap bubble appaerance, what is the next plan for managemnt
It is a case of giant cell tumor Actually next investingation should be MRI followed by biopsy In bone tumors :x ray ------MRI-----biopsy------treatment ref : maheswari 9th ed
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A child is able to build blocks of 5 Cubes developmental age is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 18 month
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Remote after loading is used in
ref : david sutton 9th ed
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Tuning fork of 512 FPS is used to test the hearing because it is -
Tuning fork tests can be done with tuning forks of different frequencies like 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2018 and 4096 Hz but most commonly used is 512 Hz because “Tests are done with various tuning forks, but 512 Hz is the most commonly used as it has longer tone decay and sound is quite distinct from ambient noise.” Forks...
148,694
medmcqa_train
In which of the following the serum C3 not persistently low?
SerumC3 levels are persistently low in membranoproliferative GN, lupus nephritis, and glomerulonephritis related to infective endocarditis. Poststreptoccal glomerulonephritis: SerumC3 Levelsaredepressed within2weeksinalmost90%ofcases.However,C3 levelsreturntonormal within6to 8weeks. Persistentlydepressedlevelsaftehispe...
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medmcqa_train
VDRL is a -
The VDRL test for syphilis is an example of a slide flocculation test. When a drop each of the antigen and the antiserum are placed on a slide and mixed by shaking, floccules appear. Reference: Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 106 <\p>
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35 Year primigravida visited your clinic. USG given below: what is the diagnosis?
Ans. (c) Nuchal translucency Ref.: D.C. Dutta 8th ed. / 735 * Nuchal translucency is a fluid behind the neck of the fetus. It is an anechoic space visible and seen in all fetuses between 11-14 weeks of age * The most common cause of increased nuchal translucency(> 3 mm) is aneuploidy where TURNER syndrome is the most c...
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medmcqa_train
Dicumarol is a drug that impairs the utilization of vitamin K by the liver. Dicumarol therapy, therefore, would decrease the plasma concentration of which of the following procoagulants
Ans. (a) ProthrombinRef: Ganong, 25th ed/p.567Factor II is also called Prothrombin. It is a vitamin K dependent factorWarfarin - acts by inhibiting Vitamin K Epoxide reductase (VKORC1)
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Best skin disinfectant for central line inseion is
Chlorhexidine is now the disinfectant recommended for all catheter placementprocedures and for routine site cleansing during dressing changes. "Use of antiseptic solution for skin disinfection at the catheter inseion site helps prevent catheter-related infection. Chlorhexidine-based solutions appear to be superior to b...
148,699
medmcqa_train