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True about Standard Deviation Curve
(A) Mean = Median# STANDARD DEVIATION:> The standard deviation is the most frequently used measure of deviation. In simple terms, it is defined as 'Root -Means - Square- Deviation'.> SD is the "average" degree to which scores deviate from the mean.> More precisely, you measure how far all your measurements are from the...
148,900
medmcqa_train
Paris green is a -
Paris green or copper acetoarsenite is emerald green, microcrystalline powder practically insoluble in water. Paris green is a stomach poison and to be effective it must be ingested by larvae. Paris green kills anopheles larvae as they are surface feeders. Bottom feeding larvae are also killed when applied as special g...
148,901
medmcqa_train
A patient in shock comes to you in trauma ward. You examine him and decide not to give him vasoconstrictors. Which is the type of shock your patient is having ?
Sympathomimetic drugs are indicated in all types of shock except secondary shock. In this condition, there is reflex vasoconstriction. Alpha blockers are useful in this type of shock.
148,902
medmcqa_train
Superior thyoid artery is a branch of -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., External carotid artery Branches of external carotid arteryFrom medial sideAscending pharyngealFrom frontSuperior thyroid arteryLingual arteryFacial arteryFrom behindOccipital arteryPosterior auricular arteryTerminal branchesSuperficial temporal arteryMaxillary artery
148,903
medmcqa_train
Hodgkin's lymphoma with lacunar cells is?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Nodular sclerotic type Distinctive features of different types of HD1) Nodular sclerosis* It is the most common variant of HD. It is the only variant which is equally common in females and males (all other variants are more common in males). It occurs in adolescent and young adults. It frequently invo...
148,904
medmcqa_train
Crystallization and storage of insulin requires ?
Ans. is `b' i.e., Zn++ Zinc ions are essential for the formation of hexameric insulin and hormone crystallization. Following the synthesis of proinsulin, zinc promotes the formation of proinsulin hexamers and increases its solubility before conversion to insulin. Proinsulin binds 30 zinc ions, of which 2 to 4 are coord...
148,905
medmcqa_train
Genital elephantiasis is caused by-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., LGV o LGV is caused by chlamydia trachomatis, serotypes L1, L2, L3. Serotype L2 is the most common cause. The clinical course of LGV consist of following three stages:-1) First stage (Primary LGV):- Self limited, Single, asymptomatic, painless, nonbleeding genital ulcer.2) Secondary stage:- Painful in...
148,906
medmcqa_train
In MRI the field used is
MR scans are obtained by placing the patient in a static magnetic field of 0.02 to 4 tesla (T) strength.
148,907
medmcqa_train
Ribnotching of 4-9th ribs with double bulging is seen in :
Answer is C (Coarctation of Aoa) Rib notching and double bulge sign are characteristic radiological signs of coarcation of aoru Signs in coarctation of aoa Abnormal Aoic arch Commonest finding Site of narrowing may be seen as an identation. e Classic '3 signQ or double bulge sign' Q on left border of aoic shadow is for...
148,908
medmcqa_train
The following are related to uterine souffle except :
Uterine souffle is due to increase in blood flow through the dilated uterine vessels.Reference:DC Dutta&;s Textbook of obstetrics,8th edition,page no:79
148,909
medmcqa_train
Apoptotic genes regulating programmed cell death type 2, autophagy is:
C i.e.BCL-2Ref: Genetic Home ReferenceExplanation:Autophagy:Autophagy is a process in which a cell eats its own contents (Greek: auto, self; phagy, eating).It involves the delivery of cytoplasmic materials to the lysosome for degradation.Autophagy is an adaptive response that is enhanced during nutrient deprivation, al...
148,910
medmcqa_train
A 6-year-old boy is taken to a paediatrician because he has developed pain in his right hip. On physical examination, the doctor feels a large mass near the iliac crest. Plain X-ray films demonstrate a large lytic lesion of the ilium. MRI studies show that the tumor appears to arise in the bone, but extends into the ad...
Ewing sarcoma is the second most common type of bone tumor (after osteosarcoma) in children and adolescents. The tumor is usually a lytic bone lesion, and often both invades the medullary cavity of the bone and extends into extraosseous tissues. Grossly, the tumor is often tan-white in color and shows focal areas of he...
148,911
medmcqa_train
Best mode to control leprosy eradication programme is -
<p> Early diagnosis and treatment. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:321. <\p>
148,912
medmcqa_train
Polyribosyl ribitol phosphate PRP antigen is present in the capsule of H. influenzae
Capsular polysaccharide of serotype b has PRP antigen that is also used in vaccine preparation because of it's immunogenic propey.
148,913
medmcqa_train
Lower lip blood supply:
Ans. B Labial nasal arteryRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 498* External carotid artery gives rise to facial artery branch, which has several branches over face.* Superior labial-supplies to upper lip and antero-inferior part of nasal septum.* Inferior labial-supplies to lower lip.* Lateral nasal-to the ala and dorsum of...
148,914
medmcqa_train
The most common accessory pathways leading to WPW syndrome is:
Answer is A (Left free wall) Left free wall accessory pathways are most common. 'Left free wall accessary pathways are most common followed by posteroseptal, right free wall and anteroseptal locations ' -'Braunwald Hea Diseases: Review & Assessment' by Lilly (2012)/Q249 The most common accessary pathway connects the le...
148,915
medmcqa_train
Site for 1st order bone grafting -
Option a, b, c, d & e all can be used as a source of bone graft. However, most common and primary source of bone graft is iliac crest of pelvis.
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Crocodile tears is due to
Crocodile tears or gustatory lacrimation is due to faulty regeneration of parasympathetic nerve fibres. Ref: Dhingra 6th edition pg. 98
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The hormone associated with cold adaption is
Thyroxine increases the metabolism.
148,918
medmcqa_train
All of the following may occur in Down's syndrome except-
Ans. is 'b i.e., Undescended testis Undescended testis has not been described as an association with Down's syndrome.
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medmcqa_train
All are seen in malignant hyperthermia except –
There is tachycardia (not bradycardia).
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medmcqa_train
Best diagnostic method for breast lump is ?
Ans is 'c' ie. Biopsy First investigation is -------> FNAC Best & the definitive investigation is -------> Open biopsy Preferred method -------> Core needle biopsy "Core-needle biopsy is the preferred method for diagnosis of palpable or nonpalpable breast abnormalities." - Schwaz 9/e p425 The diagnosis of breast cancer...
148,921
medmcqa_train
Lignocaine can be used in all except-
Lignocaine Injection belongs to two groups of medicines known as local anaesthetics and antiarrhythmic drugs. Local anaesthetics stop pain and feeling in the area around where it is injected; antiarrhythmic drugs work by restoring irregular and/or rapid hea beats to normal.
148,922
medmcqa_train
Recommended contact period in chlorination -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 1 hour Principles of chlorinationo Water should be clear and free of turbidity.o Chlorine demand of the water should be estimated, which is the amount of chlorine needed to destroy bacteria, oxidize all organic matter and neutrilize all ammonical substances present in water. The point at which the chl...
148,923
medmcqa_train
Hyl's law is used to determine:-
Hyl's law: To detemine the sex of the sternum In males, the body is longer than twice the length of manubrium. In females, the body is shoer than twice the length of manubrium.
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medmcqa_train
The receptor through which M-tropic HIV strains bind
.
148,925
medmcqa_train
All of the following are antioxidant except:September 2005
Ans. B: Vitamin BAntioxidants are a group of compounds that help to protect the body from the formation and elimination of free radicals. Free-radicals are formed from exposure to sunlight and pollution and also as a byproduct of cell metabolism. Alcohol, cigarette smoke, stress and even diet also affect the level of f...
148,926
medmcqa_train
A six year old male baby presents to a hospital with recurrent gross hematuria for 2 years. There is no h/o burning mictuition or pyuria. Urine routine examination domonstrated no pus cells and urine culture was sterile. Serum c3 levels were normal. What is the most Probable diagnosis -
Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a cancer of the kidneys that typically occurs in children, rarely in adults.It is named after Max Wilms, the German surgeon (1867-1918) who first described it Wilms' tumor has many causes, which can broadly be categorized as syndromic and non-syndromic. Syndromic causes of...
148,927
medmcqa_train
Which of the following hazardous chemical is used as anti-knocking agent in gasoline:
Another prominent lead product was tetraethyl lead, a gasoline additive invented in 1921 to solve "knocking" problems that had become commonplace with the development of high compression engines operating at high temperatures. Soon after reaching its peak 50 years later, the use of this lead compound declined as the in...
148,928
medmcqa_train
Maximum rise in Prolactin levels is seen with:
Risperidone is the single most likely Atypical Antipsychotic associated with a high likelihood of inducing Hyperprolactinemia. Amongst the options provided. Maximum rise in Prolactin levels is seen with Risperidone. With the exception of risperidone and paliperidone, atypical antipsychotic agents show limited (olanzapi...
148,929
medmcqa_train
Which of the following are the features of pernicious anemia?
Features of pernicious anemia: Hyper-segmented neutrophils Howell-Jolly bodies Megaloblasts Macro-ovalocytosis Ataxia, Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord Increase levels of methyl malonyl CoA, homocysteine
148,930
medmcqa_train
Acute Papilloedema present with A/E:
C i.e. Severe loss of vision In papilloedema there is painless gradually progressive loss of vision (negligible ie usually not severeQ) which is usually bilateralQ which occurs after a long time only when optic atrophy sets in. So, Papilloedema ultimately leads to postneuritic optic atrophyQ and visual loss is not a fe...
148,931
medmcqa_train
Soft contact lenses are made of
Soft contact lenses: Soft contact lenses are made up of HEMA (hydroxyethylmethacrylate) which is hydrophilic. Advantages : Being soft and oxygen permeable, they are most comfoable and so well tolerated. Disadvantages : Problems of proteinaceous deposits, getting cracked, limited life, inferior optical quality, more cha...
148,932
medmcqa_train
A 56-year-old woman diagnosed with cancer in her left breast underwent a mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Postoperatively, she develops marked swelling of the left arm that has persisted for 6 months. Now on physical examination, her temperature is 36.9deg C. Her left arm is not tender or erythematous, a...
The surgery disrupted lymphatic return, resulting in functional lymphatic obstruction and lymphedema of the arm. The lymphatic channels are important in scavenging fluid and protein that have leaked into the extravascular tissues from the intravascular compartment. Although the amount of fluid that is drained through t...
148,933
medmcqa_train
SCID which is true -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., .4denosine deaminase deficiency SODX-Linked recessiveAutosomal recessiveo Most common type of SC ID (50-60%)o Adenosine deaminase deficiencyo Mutation in the common y-chain(.Most common autosomal recessivesubunit of cytokine (IL-2) receptorsform of SCID) o Mutation in JAK - 3 o Mutation in recombinase...
148,934
medmcqa_train
Which fungicide is used as a spray for the control of bagassosis-
- bagassosis is the occupational disease of lung caused by inhalation of sugarcane dust. - it is caused due to a thermophilic actinomycete, Thermoactinomyces sacchari. - preventive measures include bagasse control done by keeping the moisture content above 20 percent and spraying the bagasse with 2 percent propionic ac...
148,935
medmcqa_train
Pellegra deficiency of -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Niacin Beri-berio Deficiency of thiamine (Vit Bl)o Can be dry (neural involvement)o Wet (cardiac involvent)o AcutePellagrao Niacin (Vit B3) defo Dermatitiso Diarrheao Dementia
148,936
medmcqa_train
A 33-year-old woman has had fever and increasing fatigue for the past 2 months. Over the past year, she has noticed the soreness of her muscles and joints and has had a 4-kg weight loss. On physical examination, her temperature is 37.5degC, pulse is 80/min, respirations are 15/min, and blood pressure is 145/95 mm Hg. S...
Lupus nephritis is one manifestation of systemic problems related to immune complex deposition, including fever, arthralgias, myalgias, pancytopenia, and serositis with pericarditis and pleuritis, which are characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Renal disease is common in SLE, and a renal biopsy helps to...
148,937
medmcqa_train
Sudden onset of cough followed by increasing dyspnea is characteristic of
PatientsMC presents with chest pain, often sharp and pleuritic and may lead to severe respiratory embarrassment or becomes dull and persistent.Dyspnea is the 2nd MC symptom.Less common symptoms include a nonproductive cough and ohopnea.Physical findings may be normal if the Pneumothorax is less than 25%.Characteristic ...
148,938
medmcqa_train
Spider leg appearence is seen in:
Ans: A (Adult polycystic kidney disease) Ref: Harrison's online. 18th ed.Explanation:Some important features in Contrast RadiographsSpider leg appearance -- Polycystic kidneyCobra head appearance -- UreteroceleFlower vase appearance of ureters -- Horse shoe kidnexSandy patches -- Schistosomiasis of bladderSoap bubble a...
148,939
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Pseudo bubo is seen in ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Donovanosis
148,940
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Erysipeloid is transmitted by
ERYSIPELOID Caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae present on dead animal matter (swine) Transmitted by contact with animal Presents as pain, swelling and purplish erythema at the site of inoculation Causes Whale finger Penicillin - DOC
148,941
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Indirect hyperbilirubinemia are seen in ?
Ans is 'c' i.e., Gilbe syndrome
148,942
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The following are true for Bordetella pertussis except:
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Infection can be prevented by a acellular vaccineRef: (Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1021 and Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 333)Vaccine prevents disease not infection.
148,943
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is not true about silver sulfadiazine
Silver sulfadiazine is the most common dressing used for burns.
148,944
medmcqa_train
Fletcher's medium containing Rabbit serum is used for-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Leptospira o Media for the culture of leptospirae usually contain either rabbit serum (Fletcher medium, Stuart broth) or bovine serum albumin (EMJH medium plus long - chain fatty acids and vitamins (B1 & B12)
148,945
medmcqa_train
Human retina consists about
(A) 100 million Rods & 5 million Cones # Total number of cones in fovea:> Approximately 200,000. There are 17,500 cones/degree> Rod free area is approximately 10 thus there are 17,500 cones in the central rod-free fovea.> Total number of cones in the retina. - 6,400,000> Total number of rods in the retina. - 110,000,00...
148,946
medmcqa_train
GLUT-5 is transpoer for
GLUT5 is a fructose transpoer expressed on the apical border of enterocytes in the small intestine.GLUT5 allows for fructose to be transpoed from the intestinal lumen into the enterocyte by facilitated diffusion due to fructose&;s high concentration in the intestinal lumen.GLUT5 is also expressed in skeletal muscle, te...
148,947
medmcqa_train
Fibroma belongs to ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sex cord stromal tumor
148,948
medmcqa_train
A biopsy was performed for a patient with recurrent chalazion involving the upper lid. The most likely diagnosis on histopathology is:
Ans. (a) Sebaceous cell carcinomaRef: Kanski 7/e, p. 21, 4Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma* Typically arises from meibomian glands or glands of ZeisQ* Most frequently arises from the upper eyelids[?] where meibomian gland are most frequent (in contrast to basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma)* Highly malignant with mortalit...
148,949
medmcqa_train
In a patient taking oral contraceptive, the chance of pregnancy increases after taking any of the following drugs, EXCEPT:
Cimetidine inhibits cytochrome P450 and reduces hepatic blood flow. As a result it inhibits the metabolism of OCP's and enhance their blood levels and increases their effectiveness. Phenytoin and Griseofulvin induces cytochrome P450 enzymes and thereby enhance the metabolism of oral contraceptive pills. Ampicillin supp...
148,950
medmcqa_train
Wahin-Finkelday giant cells in lymphoid tissue are characteristic of which of the following infections?
. A Wahin-Finkeldey cell is a type of giant multinucleate cell found in hyperplastic lymph nodes early in the course of measles and also in HIV-infected individuals, as well as in Kimura disease, and more rarely in a number of neoplastic (e.g. lymphoma) and non-neoplastic lymph node disorders. Ref Harrison20th edition ...
148,951
medmcqa_train
Which of the following has impoant role in initiation and maintenance of primitive streak
D i.e. Nodal gene The primitive streak is initiated and maintained by expression of nodal, a member of transforming growth factor /3 (TGF - 13) superfamilyQ.
148,952
medmcqa_train
All are true about nasopharyngeal angiofibroma except:
Ans: D (X...) NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA P.LDhingra 6th/246-50As the tumour is predominantly seen in adolescent males in the second decade of life, it is thought to be testosterone dependentAge & sex: Tumour is seen exclusively in males in age group of 10-20 yearsProfuse, recurrent & spontaneous epistaxis is the most ...
148,953
medmcqa_train
Rate of newly synthesized osteoid mineralization can be best estimated by
Rate of mineralisation is determined by Labelled Tetracycline. ref:maheswari,5th edition page no.12
148,954
medmcqa_train
A patient with carbon monoxide poisoning is treated with hyperbaric oxygen that increases the aerial PO2 to 2000 mm Hg. The amount of oxygen dissolved in the aerial blood (in ml/100 ml) is:
Since the solubility of oxygen is 0.003 ml O2/100 ml blood, an aerial PO2 of 2000 mm Hg will increase the concentration of the dissolved oxygen to 6 ml O2/100 ml blood. Note that this actually exceeds the normal aerial-venous difference for the oxygen concentration.
148,955
medmcqa_train
Enthesopathy is commonly found in -
Enthesopathy Enthesopathy is any abnormality of the site where the tendons and ligaments join the bone. Abnormalities that can occur include inflammation (enthesitis) and calcification. Important causes are:- Ankylosing spondylitis       Plantar fascitis Other seronegative spondyloarthropaties    Golfer's elbow Reit...
148,956
medmcqa_train
The least common type of intussuception is
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Multiple
148,957
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Substance responsible for erection of penis -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Papaverine Papaverineo It is a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor.o Injection of papaverine with or without phentolamine into corpus cavemosum produces penile tumiscence to permit intercourse.o Repeated injection can cause penile fibrosis.
148,958
medmcqa_train
The nucleus involved in Papez circuit is:
Nucleus involved in Papez circuit is anterior nucleus of thalamus. Ref: Review of Medical Physiology by William ganong, 22nd Edition, Page 256
148,959
medmcqa_train
All known effects of cyclic AMP in eukaryotic cells results from:
Cyclic AMP exerts most of its effects by stimulating cAMP-dependent protein kinases. These phosphorylate enzymes resulting in their activation or inhibition.
148,960
medmcqa_train
Which is best used for sex differentiation
The pelvis is the bone best used for sex determination. There are many differences between male and female pelvis. Listed below are some of the important points.
148,961
medmcqa_train
The following are characteristic of autism except -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Onset after 6 years of age
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medmcqa_train
The commonest prostaglandin used for the termination of 2nd trimester pregnancy:
Methods of termination of pregnancy: Second Trimester (13-20 weeks): Intrauterine instillation of hypertonic solutions Intra amniotic à 20% saline, 40% urea mannitol Extra amniotic à Ethacrydine lactate Prostaglandins F2a and E2 Oxytocin infusion Hysterotomy
148,963
medmcqa_train
Drug of choice for treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., DantroleneNeurological side effects of Neuroleptic DrugsReactionFeaturesTime of Maximal RiskProposedMechanismTreatmentAcute dystoniaSpasm of muscles of tongue, face, neck, back, may mimic seizures; not hysteria1 to 5 daysUnknownAntiparkinsonian ages are diagnostic and curativeAkathisiaMotor restlessne...
148,964
medmcqa_train
A newly married couple, the woman is having irregular menstruation. What is the contraceptive of choice?
- Contraceptive of choice in above case is OCP Non contraceptive benefits of use of oral contraceptives Help in treating Menstrual disturbances: irregularity, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, ovulation pain Cancers: protective for endometrial and ovarian cancers and choriocarcinoma Reduction in Benign tumors: benign breast d...
148,965
medmcqa_train
A 32 yr old male is known hypeensive and is being planned for cholecystectomy. Which of the following anesthetic agents is contraindicated in this person
Refer Katzung 11/e p437 Ketamine increases all pressures in the body It is therefore intravenous anesthetic of choice for shock and should be avoided in hypeensive patients. Fuher it is contraindicated in glaucoma and Head and injuries
148,966
medmcqa_train
Skeletal muscle relaxant of choke in the liver and renal disease is?
ANSWER: (B) AtracuriumREF: Lee synopsis of anesthesia 12th ep. 215Repeat from December 2010, June 2011Muscle relaxantRoute of eliminationPancuronium, Vecuronium ,, RapacuroniumLiverVecuronium, RocuroniumBiliarySch, MivacuriumPseudocholinesteraseGallamine, MetocurineRenalAtracurium t ds-atracuriumHoffman's elimination
148,967
medmcqa_train
Sterilization is defined as ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Complete destruction of all microorganisms Sterilization The process by which an aicle surface or medium is freed of all living microorganisms either in the vegetative or spore state Complete absence of microorganism. Disinfection Destruction or removal of all pathogenic organisms capable of giving ri...
148,968
medmcqa_train
Intractable secondary galucoma is seen in:
Diffuse iris melanomas are associated with intractable secondary glaucomas. 'Iris melanomas are usually nodular, but diffuse tumors can involve the iris stroma extensively and infiltrate the out flow system to cause intractable secondary glaucoma'. Ref: The Wills Eye Hospital Atlas of Clinical Ophthalmology, By William...
148,969
medmcqa_train
The second heart sound is caused by
The second is a shorter, high-pitched “dup” (second sound), caused by vibrations associated with closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves just after the end of ventricular systole.
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medmcqa_train
What is not a part of triad of Renal Cell Carcinoma?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Oliguria o The three classical diagnostic features (classical triad) of renal cell carcinoma are costovertebral pain, palpable mass and hematuria. The most reliable of three is hematuria.Signs and Symptoms of Renal Cell Carcinoma (In decreasing order of frequency)o Hematuriao Flank Masso Anaemiao Hype...
148,971
medmcqa_train
Cytosolic Cytochrome C mediates
A i.e. Apoptosis Cytochrome C has two very opposite roles. Within the mitochondrial membrane it serves as electron carrier in oxidative phosphorylation. But when it leaks out into cytosol it combines with Apaf I and activates caspase-9 to mediate apoptosisQ. This dual functioning is known as moonlighting.
148,972
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Malampatti grading is for
D i.e. Inspection of oral cavity before intubation Malampatti grading is for assessment of difficult air way (inspection of oral cavity for intubation)Q
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The first step for lymphatic vessels to remove excess fluid from interstitial tissue spaces is by:
Ans. A. Generating a lower intravascular than tissue hydrostatic pressureAlthough all of the choices are events that happen in lymph vessels, the first key event is lowering the lymphatic hydrostatic pressure to enable tissue fluid to enter the lymphatic vessel.
148,974
medmcqa_train
Low and fixed specific gravity of urine is seen in
Normal specific gravity of urine is 1.015 - 1.025. Theoretical extremes are 1.003 to 1.032. The specific gravity will be decreased(hyposthenuria) in excessive water intake, in chronic nephritis, in acute glomerulonephritis, in pyelonephritis and in diabetes insipidus. It is increased(hypersthenuria) in diabetes mellitu...
148,975
medmcqa_train
Initial treatment for perforated corneal ulcer is:March 2009
Ans. B: Tissue adhesive glueBacterial corneal ulcer requires intensive foified antibiotic therapy to treat the infection.Fungal corneal ulcers require intensive application of topical anti-fungal agents.Viral corneal ulceration caused by herpes virus may respond to antivirals like topical acyclovir ointment instilled a...
148,976
medmcqa_train
A 7-days-old neonate present with recurrent seizures. On examination, tachycardia and S3 gallop, bruit in anterior fontanelle. Blood investigations are normal. Neurosonogram shows a hypoechoic lesion. What is the diagnosis?
b. Vein of Galen malformation(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1193)Newborn presenting with features of heart failure and cranial bruit with a hypoechoic lesion seen on cranial ultrasound suggests Vein of Galen malformationVein of Galen malformation is an arteriovenous connection between primitive choroidal vessels & median prosen...
148,977
medmcqa_train
Yoyo Reflex is a feature of:
Ans. (a) Duplicated ureterRef. Bailey and Love 27th Edition, Page 1401 and Internet SourcesDuplex Renal Pelvis and Ureter:* Incidence 1:150 Live births* Most common congenital anomaly of upper urinary system* Unilateral duplication is more common than bilateral.* Most common on left side* Most common in girls.* Increas...
148,978
medmcqa_train
Lymphatic drainage of the outer upper quadrant of the breast is mainly to:
Ans: a (Anterior axillary nodes) Ref: BDC Vol. I, 4th ed, p. 42About 75% of the lymphatics from the breast drain into the axillary nodes. Among the axillary nodes, the lymphatics mostly end in the anterior group (pectoral group), closely related to the axillary tail of the breast.
148,979
medmcqa_train
Umami taste sensation is due to-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Glutamic acid o The umami taste is the fifth taste which is unique. The proposed mechanism of umami taste is through glutamate taste sensors (glutamate receptors) with release of neuronal glutamic acid.o Umami taste sensation is the most recent one, discovered in early 1900s.Taste sensationso There ar...
148,980
medmcqa_train
Most sensitive test for the diagnosis of herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis is?
Ans. D. HSV polymerase chain reactiona. HSV encephalitis is the most common cause of acute sporadic encephalitis in the world.b. 95% of cases are due to HSV1.c. Age distribution appears to be biphasic, with peaks at ages 5 to 30 years and more than 50 years of age.d. It may follow a primary infection/reactivation of la...
148,981
medmcqa_train
The preferred bypass procedure in case of non resectable carcinoma of head of pancreas is-
Surgery for advanced, non-resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma can palliate obstruction of CBD or duodenum, as well as control visceral pain. Hepaticojejunostomy, choledochojejunostomy or choledochoduodenostomy offers durable drainage of an obstructed bile duct. Cholecystojejunostomy is less reliable but can be employe...
148,982
medmcqa_train
In which of the following conditions " Onion Skin" fibrosis of bileduct is seen
Concentric periductal fibrosis is known as onion skin fibrosis and is classical of Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
148,983
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Goat milk anemia is because of deficiency of
For cultural and other reasons, such as parental preference, goat milk is sometimes given in place of formula although this is not recommended. Goat milk has been shown to cause significant electrolyte disturbances and anemia because it has low folic acid concentrations.Ref: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics; 20th edition;...
148,984
medmcqa_train
Triple helix is found in -
Ans is 'b' i.e., Collagen Collageno Collegen is the most common protein in the animal world,o It is a component of ECM.o The collegens are composed of a triple helix of three polypeptide a-chains.o It provides tensile strength to tissues.o Collegen type IV with laminin is the main component of basement membrane.o Fibri...
148,985
medmcqa_train
Functional impression technique can be applied in:
Functional impression using tissue conditioners is a closed mouth, patient-driven impression technique, indicated for well-formed and firm ridges in patients with good dexterity and neuromuscular control.
148,986
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Hemolytic disease of new born is commonly due to incompatibility of which antigen?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., D antigen in Rh group o Repeat from previous sessions
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medmcqa_train
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following best describes primary processes?
Primary process thinking is primitive, nonlogical, and timeless. Primary processes characterize the operational style of the id and are manifested in dreams. According to Freud's theory; condensation, displacement, and symbolic representation are forms of primary processes.
148,988
medmcqa_train
Which of the following structure DO NOT develop in dorsal mesentery
The gut tube is suspended by ventral mesentery - Anteriorly Dorsal mesentery - Posteriorly Ventral mesentery: Liver Ventral pancreatic bud Right & Left triangular ligaments Coronary ligaments of liver Falciform ligament of liver Lesser omentum Dorsal mesentery: Spleen Dorsal pancreatic bud Gastrophrenic ligament Gastro...
148,989
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Bone dysplasia is invariably seen in:
Ans. d. Developmental defect Bone dysplasia is invariably seen in developmental defect. Developmental abnormalities of the skeleton are complex, variable, frequently genetically based, and first become manifest during the earliest stages of bone formation. They can be of two types-Dysostoses or Dysplasias.'-Robbins 8/e...
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Gradcnigo's syndrome is characterized by a/e
Ans. a (Conductive deafness). (Ref. PL Dhingra, ENT, 2nd ed., 78)GRADENIGO'S SYNDROME# Petrositis, a complication of otitis media classically presents with a triad of symptoms, known as Gradenigo's syndrome characterized by:- Abducent nerve (lateral rectus) palsy.- Deep seated ear or retro-orbital pain (Vth nerve invol...
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Flexor of hip joints are all except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Gluteus maximus Muscles producing movements at the hip jointMovementChief musclesAccessory muscles1. FlexionPsoas major and illiacusPectineus, rectus femoris, and sartorius; adductors (mainly adductor longus) participate in early stages2 ExtensionGluteus maximus and hamstrings--3. AdductionAdductor lo...
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A 30year old male with past history of otitis media and mastoiditis presented with severe throbbing headache , high grade fever ,nausea, vomiting, confusion, gait disturbance. On examination he was febrile, ataxic with nystagmus and there was no neck rigidity. Mri brain with contrast revealed a brain abscess. Which of ...
Approximately one-third of brain abscesses are associated with otitis media and mastoiditis, often with an associated cholesteatoma. Otogenic abscesses occur predominantly in the temporal lobe (55-75%) and cerebellum (20-30%). In some series, up to 90% of cerebellar abscesses are otogenic. The clinical presentation of ...
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All are features of catatonia except :
B. i.e. Cataplexy
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Hemophilia A has increased:
PTT (Ref: Robbin's 7th Ed/Pg 656) "Patients with hemophilia, typically have a normal BT, platelet count & PT & a prolonged PTT." Remember these, BT is prolonged in: 1.Thrombocytopenic purpura 2. Von willebrand's disease CT is prolonged in Hemophilia PT: normal =10-14 sec Prolonged in deficiency of: 1. Factors I, II, V,...
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Which of the following is called "flipping effect"?
Option A = LDH 1>LDH 2 In Normal person, LDH2>LDH1 LDH 1 is present in cardiac Myocyte. If MI occurs, LDH1 levels | Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): Tetrameric enzyme formed by combination of 2 subunits: H (Hea) and M (Muscle): Type Subunit Tissues of origin LDH-1 H4 Hea muscle LDH-2 H3M1 RBCs LDH-3 H2M2 lungs LDH-4 H1M3 L...
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A 40-year-old male presented with rapidly progressive dementia for 3 weeks along with rigidity, mask-like facies and mild choreoathetoid movements along with fatigue, sleep disturbance, weight loss, headache, anxiety, veigo, malaise, and ill-defined pain. There is no history of fever. O/E, Visual disturbances Cerebella...
This is a case of Creutzfeldt Jacob disease as there is rapid and progressive sho-term memory loss along with classical MRI signs and CSF finding of stress protein 14-14-3. The other conditions can be easily ruled as MRI will show specific abnormalities in these conditions. EEG shows slowing and periodic lateralized di...
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Reflex nephropathy is diagnosed mainly by: September 2005, September 2012
Ans. B: Micturating cysto urethrogram
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Commonest site of Atopic dermatitis is:
Ans:C.)Antecubital Fossa. Atopic dermatitis It is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin disease (see image below) of unknown origin that usually stas in early infancy, but also affects a substantial number of adults. AD is commonly associated with elevated levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE). That it is the first disease ...
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