query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Late hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with | Fetal macrosomia Definition: Those infants exceeding the 90th percentile for a given gestational week are usually used as the threshold for macrosomia or large-for-gestational age (LGA) bihweight The primary effect attributed to gestational diabetes is excessive fetal size or macrosomia Maternal hyperglycemia prompts f... | 149,900 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of emergence delirium with ketamine anesthesia except:- | Despite its reputation as a hallucinogen, sub-anesthetic ketamine does not consistently produce frank hallucinations. 5 - 30 % patients receiving intravenous ketamine has incidence of postoperative delirium and hallucination associated with it. prevention and treatment - intravenous midazolam | 149,901 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these fatty acids is found exclusively in breast milk: | D i.e. Docosahexanoic Acid Most of the naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids are cis-isomers. Trans-FA do not occur naturally in plants and occurs only in small amounts in animals as ruminant fat (eg butter fat) arising from the action of micro organisms in rumen. Cis isomers are less stable than trans FA.- Trans... | 149,902 | medmcqa_train |
A pregnant lady presented with painless bleeding in the 3rd trimester. Most common cause will be | Ans a Ref: Sheila balakrishna obs, page 157Clinical features of placenta previaSymptomsClassical presentation of painless antepartum haemorrhage. Recurrent initial bleeding is unusually not severeSignsPallor proportionate to amount of bleedingSize of the uterus correspond to period of amenorrhoeaUterus soft, non tender... | 149,903 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a mitochondrial enzyme of Urea Cycle | CPS - I is a mitochondrial enzyme and catalyses rate limiting step of Urea Cycle.
All the Cytoplasmic enzymes of urea cycle start with letter "A". | 149,904 | medmcqa_train |
On electron microscopy amyloid characteristically exhibits: | Propeies of Amyloid Proteins: -Physical Nature of Amyloid: Electron microscopy-- Continuous, non-branching fibrils with a diameter of approximately 7.5 to 10 nm. X-ray crystallography and infrared spectroscopy-- Cross-b-pleated sheet conformation. This conformation is responsible for the distinctive Congo red staining ... | 149,905 | medmcqa_train |
New name of mental retardation according to American Association of Mental Retardation: | Ans. c. Intellectual disabilityRef: First Aid for the Psychiatry Clerkship 4th Ed; Page No-122-23Intellectual disability (ID, intellectual developmental disorder) replaces the term mental retardation (MR) as per US law (Rosas Law), with the intention of decreasing stigmatization.ID is characterized by severely impaired... | 149,906 | medmcqa_train |
A 35-year-old man has had increasing dyspnea for the past 24 hours. A chest radiograph shows large, bilateral pleural effusions. Thoracentesis yields 500 mL of slightly cloudy yellow fluid from the right pleural cavity. Cytologic examination of the fluid shows many neutrophils, but no lymphocytes or RBCs. Which of the ... | Exudation of fluid from venules and capillaries is a key component of the acute inflammatory process. Several mechanisms of increased vascular permeability have been proposed, including formation of interendothelial gaps by contraction of endothelium. This contraction can be caused by mediators such as histamine and le... | 149,907 | medmcqa_train |
A 13-year old girl came to the casualty with acute lower abdominal pain. She had a cyclical pain for the last 6 months. She has not yet attained her menarche. On examination, a tense bulge was seen in the region of the hymen. The most probable diagnosis is? | Imperforate hymen: congenital disorder where a hymen without an opening completely obstructs the vaginal outflow. Prevents the drainage of menstrual blood. This results in the accumulation of blood in the vagina leading to hematocolpos. This is visualised as the tense bulge. In long standing cases it can even lead to h... | 149,908 | medmcqa_train |
Opioid analgesics used in treatment of cough? | Ans. c (Codeine). (Ref: KD Tripathi, Pharmacology, 5th ed., 424)Codeine or its substitutes are widely used in treatment for suppressing, dry irritating cough.Following are anti-tussives (cough centre supressants).a.Opioidcodeine, pholcodeine, ethyl morphine and morphineb.Non-opioidNoscapine, dextrometharphan, oxeladine... | 149,909 | medmcqa_train |
The following features of panophthalmitis differentiate it from endophthalmitis except: | Ans. Presence of pus in the anterior chamber | 149,910 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the embryological origin of ciliary muscle? | The ciliary muscle and blood vessels are derived from neural crest mesenchyme. Derivatives of neural crest:Corneal keratocytesEndothelium of the cornea and the trabecular meshworkStroma of the iris and choroidCiliary muscleFibroblasts of the scleraVitreousOptic nerve meningesOrbital cailage and boneOrbital connective t... | 149,911 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not an extrapyramidal tract - | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Corticospinal Descending pathwaysPyramidal tractExtrapyramidal tractso Corticospinal tracto Rubrospinal tract o Tectospinal tract o Vestibulospinal tract o Reticulospinal tract | 149,912 | medmcqa_train |
Violent inversion of the foot will lead to avulsion of tendon of which the following muscle attached to the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal? | Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal base avulsion may occur with violent inversion of foot. Peroneus brevis inserts here. | 149,913 | medmcqa_train |
Most common phase II drug metabolizing reaction is: | - Glucuronidation
Carried out by UDP - Glucuronosyltransferase.
Results in increased molecular weight of the drug.
Helps in excretion in bile. | 149,914 | medmcqa_train |
Glioma of the optic nerve is associated with - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Neurofibromatosis type I Optic nerve gliomao Optic nerve glioma (astrocytoma) is the most common intrinsic tumor of the optic nerve. Most common type of optic nerve glioma is juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. The majority of optic nerve gliomas are of astrocytic origin. However, a few rare optic nerve g... | 149,915 | medmcqa_train |
"Asteroid bodies" and "Cigar shaped globi" may be produced by: | Sporotrichosis | 149,916 | medmcqa_train |
The organism most commonly causing genital filariasis in most pa of Bihar and easteran U.P. is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Wuchereria bancrofti . W. bancrafti is the most widely distributed human filarial parasite. | 149,917 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is NOT a bad prognostic sign for pancreatitis? | Ranson's Prognostic signs of Acute Pancreatitis (Caused by causes other than gallstones) At Admission During the initial 48 hrs Age > 55 years WBC > 16,000/mm^3 Blood glucose > 200 mg/dl Serum LDH > 350 IU/dl Serum AST > 250 U/dl Hematocrit fall > 10 points BUN elevation > 5 mg/dL Serum calcium < 8 mg/dL Aerial PO2 < 6... | 149,918 | medmcqa_train |
HIV transmission in relation to pregnancy is maximum during: | Ans. A. Labor and deliverya. The maximum risk is at labor and delivery. A baby can become infected with HIV in the womb, during delivery or while breast-feeding. If the mother does not receive treatment, 25% of babies born to women with HIV will be infected by the virus.b. With treatment that percentage can be reduced ... | 149,919 | medmcqa_train |
CSF rhinorrhoea is diagnosed by - | Beta 2 transferring is a protein seen in CSF and not in nasal discharge. Thus its presence is specific and sensitive for diagnosing CSF rhinorrhea. (Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 184) | 149,920 | medmcqa_train |
Kanavel's sign is seen in | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Tenosynovitis Kanavel's sign is seen in acute suppurative tenosynovitis of the little finger. It is tenderness elicited at a point in between the two palmar crease about 2.5 cm proximal to the base of the little finger.There are also 4 Cardinal signs of Kanavel seen in acute suppurative tenosynovitis o... | 149,921 | medmcqa_train |
Which vaccines are not given in a 8 yrs old unimmunized child | BCG vaccination of infants appear to offer significant protection from primary and disseminated tuberculosis including meningitis. In older children it doesn&;t seem to offer protection against secondary tuberculosis. It is generally recommended that peussis vaccine should not be given to children over 5-6 years old. T... | 149,922 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following type of cataract is seen in a person 1-2years following exposure to radiation? | Radiation usually causes posterior subcapsular cataract which has their onset 1-2 years after completion of radiation therapy. A radiation dose of 15Gy is associated with a 50% risk of cataract formation. Christmas tree cataract is a rare form of age related cataract. In this type, the highly retractile multicolored ne... | 149,923 | medmcqa_train |
Fungal spores may be produced - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above . Fungal spores have different morphology. They may be unicellular, multicellular or in chains. Sporangium contains asexual spores of phycomycetes, called sporangiospores. | 149,924 | medmcqa_train |
Air-borne contact dermatitis can be diagnosed by- | air borne contact dermatitis is diagnosed by patch testing with the specific allergen. eg: pahenium is the common allergen tested using patch test. IADVL TEXTBOOK OF DERMATOLOGY, INDIAN PATCH TEST SERIES PAGE 581. | 149,925 | medmcqa_train |
In uterine prolapse, decubitus ulcer in the cervix is caused by : | Venous congestion | 149,926 | medmcqa_train |
Drug not deposited in cornea: | Ans. Antimony | 149,927 | medmcqa_train |
A 70 years males presented with asymptomatic white patch on oral cavity following application of the denture. Treatment of choice is | Leukoplakia White keratotic plaque or patch that cannot be rubbed off and cannot be given another diagnostic name Risk factors Smoking Alcohol Ill-fitting dentures Jagged tooth Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pgno :761-762 | 149,928 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is used for wound infection grading system? | Ans. (c) Southampton Grading(Ref: Bailey and Love 26th edition Page 54)* There are scoring systems for the severity of wound infection, which are particularly useful in surveillance and research.* Examples are the Southampton and ASEPSIS systems. | 149,929 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following can cause osteoporosis, EXCEPT: | Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by a loss of bone osteoid resulting in reduced bone integrity, thereby increasing the risk of fractures. Most common causes of osteoporosis are aging, highdose coicosteroid, thyrotoxicosis, hyperparathyroidism, alcoholism, sex hormone deficiency, paicularly menopause in... | 149,930 | medmcqa_train |
The dorsalis pedis aery terminates at the | DORSALIS PEDIS AERY:- Dorsal aery of foot. Chief palpable aery on dorsum of foot. Continuation of anterior tibial aery on to the dorsum of foot. The aery begins in front of the angle between the two malleoli.It passes forwards along the medial side of the dorsum of the foot to reach the proximal end of first intermetat... | 149,931 | medmcqa_train |
Antemoem burn differ from postmoem burns by all of the following findings, EXCEPT: | Difference between ante-moem burns and post-moem burns: Trait Ante-moem burns Post-moem burns Line of redness Present Absent Blister Contains serous fluid with proteins and chloride. Base is red and inflamed. Contains air and thin clear fluid. Base is dry, hard, and yellow Vital reaction Marked cellular exudation and r... | 149,932 | medmcqa_train |
A term neonate was delivered by cesarean section. He presents with mild respiratory distress soon after birth. Chest X-ray shows the typical findings. How is this condition managed | This condition is Transient Tachypnea of Newborn:
Seen in term / post - term neonate
Neonates delivered by cesorean rection
They presents with mild respiratory distress soon after birth which resolves in 48 hours
X-ray
a) fluid in interlober fissure
b) Prominent bronchovascular markings
Image is below
Supportive tr... | 149,933 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not an indication of secondary nerve repair: | Late repair/ Secondary repair( Repair weeks or months after the injury) , may be indicated because: (1)Closed injury was left alone but no sign of recovery is seen at the expected time; (Syndrome of incomplete interruption) (2)Diagnosis was missed and the patient presents late ( Delayed presentation) (3)Failed primary ... | 149,934 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following drugs is most likely to be associated with elevations of pancreatic enzymes, including amylase and lipase? | Pancreatic dysfunction, heralded by large increases in serum amylase and lipase, is associated with the use of several reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs). Didanosine appears to be the worst offender, and pancreatitis is the most characteristic adverse effect of this particular NRTI. Conditions enhancing susceptibi... | 149,935 | medmcqa_train |
Trapezius is attached to all structures except - | Trapezius originates from the occiput and inserts onto clavicle and scapula. | 149,936 | medmcqa_train |
Radiocontrast is contraindicated in all except - | Impoant risk factors for contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) : Renal failure Diabetes Hypeension Dehydration Patient on metformin Hyperuricemia | 149,937 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a feature of nonselective Cox inhibitor but not of selective Cox 2 inhibitor? | Ans. is'b'i.e., Antiplatelet aggregatory(Ref: KDT 7th /e p. 194) | 149,938 | medmcqa_train |
Which muscle is called as peripheral heart: | Ans. A. SoleusThe soleus is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the gastrocnemius muscle and some anatomists consider them to be a single muscle, the triceps surae. Also, in upri... | 149,939 | medmcqa_train |
Signet-ring cells are found in which type of breast cancer NOT RELATED- GYN | Invasive lobular carcinoma accounts for 10% of breast cancers. The histopathologic features of this cancer include small cells with rounded nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli, and scant cytoplasm. Special stains may confirm the presence of intracytoplasmic mucin, which may displace the nucleus (signet-ring cell carcinoma). | 149,940 | medmcqa_train |
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by all except | Proteus does not cause Bacterial vaginosis Bacterial vaginosis MC Vaginitis Caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mobiluncus species, Mycoplasma hominis, and Prevotella species. Gardnerella vaginalis is an example of Coccobacillus | 149,941 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following syndrome is associated with mental retardation? | Disease name Abbretion Enzyme Defective GaG(s) affected Symptoms Hurler syndrome MPS I a-l-Iduronidase Dermatan sulfate, Heparan sulfate Mental retardation, coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, cloudy cornea Hunter syndrome MPS II Iduronate sulfatase Dermatan sulfate, Heparan sulfate Mental retardation Reference... | 149,942 | medmcqa_train |
The distinct golden colour in transgenic Golden rice is due to the presence of- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., b-carotene | 149,943 | medmcqa_train |
who gave free asssosiation | CONTRIBUTIONS OF FREUD o Father of psychoanalysis He founded a type of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis. It is nothing but analyzing the psych(MIND) o Interpretation of dreams According to Freud dreams are royal road to unconscious In dreams several conflicts that are present in the unconscious comes to the consciou... | 149,944 | medmcqa_train |
Panophthalmitis involves - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., All structure of eyeball including tenon's capsule EndophthalmitisPanophthalmitiso Endophthalmitis is defined as inflammation within the anterior segment (aqueous) or post- erior segment (vitreous) or both together with partial thickness involvement of the adjacent occular wall (one or more inner coat... | 149,945 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is decreased during third trimester of a normal pregnancy? | Late pregnancy was associated with the expected increases in hea rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. Systemic vascular and pulmonary vascular resistance both decreased significantly, as did colloid osmotic pressure. Also know: During normal pregnancy, mean aerial pressure and vascular resistance decrease, while bl... | 149,946 | medmcqa_train |
Failure of the choroid fissure to close results in | Failure of the choroid (optic) fissure to close results in a cleft of the iris--called coloboma iridis (mostly in inferonasal position). This defect may extend into the ciliary body, choroid, optic nerve, or retina. Congenital aphakia--absence of the lens--may result from defective development of the lens placode. | 149,947 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is predominantly involved in Alzheimer's dementia: | Answer is B (Temporo-Parietal coex):Alzheimer's disease predominantly affects the temporoparietal coex although frontal lobe is also frequently involvedAlzheimer's disease predominantly affects the temporo-parietal coex' - Alzheimer's Disease by Terry Regional deficits are most prominent in the temporo-parietal coex' -... | 149,948 | medmcqa_train |
A 15-year-old boy is bitten by an Ixodes tick while camping with his parents and presents 1 week later with fatigue, fever, headache, and a reddish rash over his trunk and extremities. Positive IgM antibody (1 :200) to Borrelia burgdorferi is associated with which of the following? | Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, elicits an acute antibody response. IgM appears within days to a few weeks following tick bite, and IgG appears a few weeks later. IgG persists; IgM does not. Cross-reactions occur with other treponemes. | 149,949 | medmcqa_train |
True about actinomycetes is: | Actinomycetes- include A. israelii, Nocardia & Streptomyces: Gram-positive rods commonly found in soil and decaying organic matter or as colonizers of body surfaces. In culture and lesions, these organisms form filamentous or hyphae-like structures. Eumycetoma- has a fungal origin. Mycetomas can form as a result of tra... | 149,950 | medmcqa_train |
"Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation" occurs in cases of: | Guillain Barre syndrome | 149,951 | medmcqa_train |
Methanol toxicity causes blindness due to the formation of: March 2010 | Ans. A: Formic Acid The initial step in the metabolism of methanol involves the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). First, methanol is slowly oxidized by ADH to yield formaldehyde. Next, formaldehyde is oxidized by formaldehyde dehydrogenase to yield formic acid (or formate, depending on the pH). This oxidation occurs ... | 149,952 | medmcqa_train |
A 4-year child presents with a history of hoarseness, croupy cough and aphonia; the child has dyspnea with wheezing. The most probable diagnosis is: | Ans. B. Laryngeal foreign bodyForeign body Aspiration: - Most common age group is 6 months to 4 years. Most common foreign body aspirated is peanuts.Most airway foreign bodies lodge in a bronchus (right more than left). | 149,953 | medmcqa_train |
When the drug binds to the receptor and causes action opposite to that of agonist is called as | In pharmacology, an inverse agonist is a drug that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces a pharmacological response opposite to that of the agonist Ref-KDT 7/e p42 | 149,954 | medmcqa_train |
NOT RELATED- OHO Rolando's fracture is | a. Fracture distal radius with inferior radioulnar dislocation=Galeazzi fracture.b. Fracture distal end of radius with dorsal displacement and angulation=Colle'sfracturec. Fracture radial styloid=Chauffer's fractured. Fracture aicular surface of the base of first metacarpal=Rolando's fracture. | 149,955 | medmcqa_train |
Ratio of incidence of a disease among the exposed to the incidence among non-exposed is: | Ref. Foundations of Community medicine. Page. 596
Measures of effect
Measures of effect are used in epidemiological studies to assess the strength of an association between a putative risk factor and the subsequent occurrence of disease.
This requires that the incidence of disease in a group of persons exposed to a ... | 149,956 | medmcqa_train |
Uterine artery is branch of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anterior branch of internal iliac o Branches of anterior division of internal iliac artery are : (i) Superior vesical, (ii) Middle rectal, (iii) Inferior vesical (in males), (iv) Internal pudendal, (v) Vaginal (in females), (vi) Uterine (in females), (vii) Obturator, and (viii) Inferior glutealo Branc... | 149,957 | medmcqa_train |
Percentage of malignancy in duct ectasia is | Ans. (a) No risk(Ref. Schwartz 10th edition Page 511, Bailey 26th edition page 806)* The periductal mastitis mimics like cancer and hence mammography must be done.* Otherwise there is no risk of cancer in Duct ectasia | 149,958 | medmcqa_train |
A study of aging shows that senescent cells have accumulated damage from toxic byproducts of metabolism. There is increased intracellular lipofuscin deposition. Prolonged ingestion of which of the following substances is most likely to counteract this aging mechanism? | Antioxidants may counteract the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may accumulate acutely and chronically within cells as a consequence of environmental insults and pathologic processes. Certainly, health food stores promote this concept with sales of products such as vitamin E. However, cellular damage is m... | 149,959 | medmcqa_train |
TIPSS involves percutaneous creation of a shunt between | It&;s a nonsurgical interventional radiological method wherein stent is placed in the liver between hepatic venule and poal venule through a guidewire, used in reducing poal pressure before doing an ohotopic liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients. Reference SRB edition 5 page:622 | 149,960 | medmcqa_train |
The type of glomerulonephritis which is least likely to cause chronic renal failure- | In adults, 15% to 50% of affected persons develop end-stage renal disease over the ensuing few years or 1 to 2 decades, depending on the clinical and histologic severity. By contrast, in children, the prevalence of chronicity after sporadic cases of acute postinfectious GN is much lower. <\p> robbins book of pathology.... | 149,961 | medmcqa_train |
Which branch of fascial nerve supplies muscles of lower lip (FMGE Dec 2018) | -TEMPORAL BRANCH-Supply upper pa of orbicularis oculi and frontalis -ZYGOMATIC BRANCH-Supply lower pa of orbicularis oculi -BUCCAL BRANCH-Supply upper orbicularis oris, zygomaticus minor/major -MARGINAL MANDIBULAR BRANCH-Supply lower lip-Mentalis, lower orbicularis oris, depressor labii inferioris -CERVICAL BRANCH -Sup... | 149,962 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements best explains the action of nitroglycerine on coronary vessels: | Nitrates cause redistribution of blood flow without affecting total coronary flow. Autoregulatory small vessels remain unaffected whereas large conducting vessels are dilated. Nitrates are predominantly venodilators, therefore decrease mainly preload. | 149,963 | medmcqa_train |
Combined indicator to reflect both acute and chronic malnutrition is | Indicators of undernutrition Indicator Interpretation Comment Stunting Low height-for-age Indicator of chronic malnutrition, the result of prolonged food deprivation and/ or disease or illness Wasting Low weight-for-height Suggests acute malnutrition, the result of more recent food deficit or illness Underweight Low we... | 149,964 | medmcqa_train |
Palpable purpura is seen in | Answer is C (H. S. Purpura): Henoch Sconlein Purpura is associated with palpable purpura without thrombocytopeniae | 149,965 | medmcqa_train |
A 28-year-old man flips over an all-terrain vehicle, and he lands on his leg. On physical examination, there is intense pain on palpation over the right shin, but there is no shortening of the limb. The overlying skin is intact. A radiograph shows right tibial and fibular midshaft fracture into multiple bone fragments.... | When the bone is splintered into fragments, the fracture is comminuted, and will likely require orthopedic appliances to align fragments for healing. A compound fracture penetrates the skin. Displaced fractures have nonaligned bone, and some deformity may result. The bone remains contiguous with an incomplete fracture ... | 149,966 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest site of obstetric injury leading to uretero vaginal fistula : | Infundibulo pelvic ligament | 149,967 | medmcqa_train |
The tensile strength of the wound stas and increase after | Wound Strength Carefully sutured wounds have approximately 70% of the strength of normal skin When sutures are removed, usually at 1 week, wound strength is approximately 10% of that of unwounded skin this increases rapidly over the next 4 weeks Wound strength reaches approximately 70% to 80% of normal by 3 month ref:-... | 149,968 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements about Renal physiology are true, except: | Kidney receives 25%)(1.2-1.3L) of cardiac output.Ref: Ganong's review of Medical Physiology, 23rd edition, Page number: 643 | 149,969 | medmcqa_train |
The following type of glomerulonephritis should not be treated with prednisolone? | By the time the child with acute PSGN presents with symptoms, the glomerular injury has already occurred and the healing process has begun. Only a small percentage of patients with acute glomerulonephritis require initial hospitalization and most of those are ready for discharge in 2-4 days. As soon as the blood pressu... | 149,970 | medmcqa_train |
Drug safely given in Pregnancy - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Chloroquine | 149,971 | medmcqa_train |
Common ocular manifestation in Trisomy 13 is | B i.e. Bilateral micropthalmos Patau's syndrome (trisomy 13)Q present with microcephaly, mental retardation and micropthalmos Q Patau's Syndrome Ocular Manifestations - Micropthalmos Q/ Anopthalmos - Anterior segment dysgenesis - Cyclopia - Corneal opacity - Cataract / congenital glaucoma - Coloboma - Persistent hyperp... | 149,972 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of "Antibiotic" induced colitis is due to: | Clostridium difficile | 149,973 | medmcqa_train |
The gas which produces systemic toxicity without causing local irritation is: | B i.e. Carbon Monoxide Carbon Monoxide Poisoning CO is a colourless, tasteless, non irritant gasQ which is produced due to incomplete combustion of carbon. CO poisoning is defined as > 15 % carboxyhemoglobinQ in blood (normal < 1.5 % in nonsmokers, < 10 % in smokers). Diagnosis is made by cooximetric measurements of bl... | 149,974 | medmcqa_train |
Patient perceives a stimulus from one modality and perceives hallucination in another modality | FUNCTIONAL HALLUCINATIONS Patient perceives a stimulus from one modality and perceives hallucination in same modality Ex. Whenever the patient hears water flowing from tap he hears auditory hallucinations REFLEX HALLUCINATION: Patient perceives a stimulus from one modality and perceives hallucination in another modalit... | 149,975 | medmcqa_train |
Intractable seizure in a 7-day-old child with skin rash, Increased ammonia and lactate can be diagnosed as | Mutation in mitochondrial DNA, result in disease 1.Mitochondrial myopathies 2.MERRF syndrome - myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers 3.MELA's syndrome - mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactate acidosis and stroke like pisodes, (Intermittent vomiting, proximal muscles weakness) 4.LHON=Leber hereditary optic neu... | 149,976 | medmcqa_train |
In humans, end product of purine metabolism | Question repeated | 149,977 | medmcqa_train |
A 42 year old female P3 + 0 + 0 + 3 is found to have carcinoma in situ. Best treatment would be: | Ans. is a i.e. Hysterectomy | 149,978 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor? | ANTIVIRAL DRUG: CLASSI FICATION 1.Anti-Herpes virus Idoxuridine, Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir*, Foscarnet* 2 Anti-Retrovirus (a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Nis): Zidovudine (AZT), Didanosine, Zalcitabine*, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Abaca vir (b) Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase in... | 149,979 | medmcqa_train |
Tubuloglomerular feedback is initiated by delivery of: | - The rate of NaCl delivery to the distal nephron significantly influences the RBF and GFR; the mechanism is called Tubuloglomerular (TG) feedback. The mechanism is based on 3 components: (i) A sensor: Cells in the macula densa. (ii) A signal: NaCl delivery to the distal tubule. (iii) An effector: Vascular smooth muscl... | 149,980 | medmcqa_train |
Max. absorption of water takes place in : | Ans. is 'c' is PCT * " Normally, about 65 percent of the filtered load of sodium and water and a slightly lower percentage of filtered chloride are reabsorbed by the proximal tubule before the filtrate reaches the loop of Henle * | 149,981 | medmcqa_train |
A 35-year-old woman presents with amenorrhea and weight loss despite increased appetite. The history and physical examination reveal exophthalmos, fine resting tremor, tachycardia, and warm, moist skin. Laboratory tests for thyroid function would be expected to yield a decreased value for which of the following? | - Given clinical features suggests the diagnosis of hypehyroidism - Laboratory findings depicted in graves disease are: Decreased TSH levels Increased serum T3, free T4 levels Increased T3 resin upake Increased saturation of TBG Increased radioactive iodine uptake | 149,982 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site for medulloblastoma is- | POORLY-DIFFERENTIATED AND EMBRYONAL TUMOURS CNS tumors composed of primitive undifferentiated cells include medulloblastoma and glioblastoma, and rarely, neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma. Medulloblastoma is the most common variety of primitive neuroectodermal tumor. The most common location is the cerebellum in the reg... | 149,983 | medmcqa_train |
Mcburney's point tenderness is indicative of signifies - | Ans. 'a' i.e., Acute appendicitis * McBurney's point is the name given to the point over the right side of the abdomen that is one-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (navel).* This point roughly corresponds to the most common location of the base of the appendix where it is at... | 149,984 | medmcqa_train |
Mrs AR G3 P1LIA a full term pregnant female is admitted in labor. On examination, she has uterine contractions 2 in 10 minutes, lasting for 30-35 seconds.On P/A examination 3/5th of the head is palpable per abdomen.On P/V examination-cervix is 4 cms dilated, membranes intact.On repeat examination 4 hours later, cervix ... | In this patient at the beginning of the labor, three fifths of the head was palpable , which indicates head is not engaged as head is said to be engaged only if 1/5th is palpable per abdomen… | 149,985 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following condition is characterized by "Golf-hole ureter"? | "Golf-hole ureter" is a characteristic finding in Genitourinary Tuberculosis. It occurs because of the contraction caused by the fibrosis of ureter at the ureteric orifice which leads to widening of its internal opening which gives an appearance of golf hole. | 149,986 | medmcqa_train |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis-True are A/E | Ans is `d' i.e Orphan Annie eye nuclei Orphan Annie eye nuclei is histological feature seen in Papillary Ca thyroid. "Characteristic histologic features of Hashimoto's thyroiditis include atrophy of thyroid follicles with oncocytic metaplasia (Huhle cell) of the follicular epithelium and abundant lymphoplasmacytic infi... | 149,987 | medmcqa_train |
With respect to cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia – a) The most common preceding arrhythmia is bradycardiab) The most common cause is failure of ventilationc) Most occur during emergence from anaesthesiad) Most are considered unpreventable and untreatable | Mast cardiac arrests are preceded by bradycardia suggesting that early identification and treatment may prevent complications.
Most common cause is failure to provide adequate ventilation.
Most of the cardiac arrests occur during induction or maintenance. | 149,988 | medmcqa_train |
Burkitts lymphoma associated with ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., EBV | 149,989 | medmcqa_train |
A 12-year-old girl begins to limp while playing soccer. She has pain in her right leg and upper right thigh. Her temperature is 102degF. X-ray of the femur reveals that the periosteum is eroded. Assuming that this case is managed as an infectious disease, which of the following is the most likely etiologic agent? | Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known pathogen that is very opportunistic and commonly causes abscess lesions. It routinely may resist phagocytosis by WBCs due to protein A. Osteomyelitis and arthritis, either hematogenous or traumatic, are commonly caused by S. aureus, especially in children. Salmonella are gram-negat... | 149,990 | medmcqa_train |
Mediator of acute inflammation not derived from cell is - | . Kinins | 149,991 | medmcqa_train |
Hyperdynamic circulation is seen in all except: | Ans. c. Cor Pulmonale (Ref: Harrison 19/e p1501, Harrison 18/e p1901)Hyperdynamic circulation is seen in anemia, beriberi & AV fistula, but not in Cor pulmonale."Conditions that lead to a high cardiac output (e.g.. arteriovenous fistula, anemia) are seldom responsible for the development of HF in a normal heart: howeve... | 149,992 | medmcqa_train |
The collagen triple helix structure is not found free in which of the following cell organelle? | Collagen is synthesized on ribosomes as pre-pro-collagen. From there it enters the endoplasmic reticulum where the signal sequence is removed from the terminal end and glycosylation and hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues occur, resulting in the formation of procollagen. From endoplasmic reticulum it is secret... | 149,993 | medmcqa_train |
Dragon or serpent worm is: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dracunculus(Ref: Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1422-1423; Chatterjee, 12th/e, p. 203)* Dracunculus medinensis is also known as Guinea worm, Serpent worm, Dragon worm, Medina worm. | 149,994 | medmcqa_train |
Antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with all except: | ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME (APLA SYNDROME) Clinical Features:1. Vascular Thrombosis2. Pregnancy Morbidity3. Venous thrombosis (More common)4. Aerial thrombosis (Less common) Laboratory Features:1. Elevated anticardiolipin antibodies (IgG or IgM)2. Elevated Anti beta-2 glycoprotein -1 Antibody3. Thrombocytopenia... | 149,995 | medmcqa_train |
In rectus sheath which branch of aorta make anastomosis with superior epigastric artery - | The superior epigastric artery is a branch of the internal thoracic artery and the inferior epigastric artery is a branch of the external iliac artery. Superior and inferior epigastric arteries anastomose in the rectus sheath. | 149,996 | medmcqa_train |
What is the most common immunosuppressant regimen used in renal transplant for maintainence? | Answer- A. Cacineurin inhibitors + Purine antagonists + GlucocoicoidsMaintenance immunosuppression for renal transplantation t)?ically consists of 3 types of drugs in combination: a glucocoicosteroid, purine antagonist (azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil), and calcineurin inhibitor (cyclosporine or tacrolimus). | 149,997 | medmcqa_train |
Following are signs of internal malignancy except – | Acanthosis nigricans, clubbing and dermatomyositis are paraneoplastic cutaneous signs of internal malignancy. | 149,998 | medmcqa_train |
Botulinum toxin type B is used in which disease - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cervical dystonia o Botulinum toxin type A is used for strabismus, cervical dystonia, blepherospasm, and glabellar lines. o Botulinum toxin type B is used for cervical dystonia. o Abobotulinum toxin A : An acetylcholine release inhibitor and a neuromuscular blocking agent for the treatment of cervical... | 149,999 | medmcqa_train |
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