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The commor'est cause of hypopyon is:
Ans. Pneumococcus
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Which of the following is true about P. falciparum
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Accole forms are seen The parasite often attaches itself to the margin or the edge of the host cell, the nucleus and a small pa of the cytoplasm remaining almost outside. This is known as form applique or accole. There is no relapse in P. falciparum. P. falciparum has minimum incubation period (9-14 d...
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A 30-year-old firefighter suffers extensive third-degree burns over his arms and hands. This patient is at high risk for developing which of the following complications of wound healing?
Contracture. A mechanical reduction in the size of a wound depends on the presence of myofibroblasts and sustained cell contraction. An exaggeration of these processes is termed contracture and results in severe deformity of the wound and surrounding tissues. Contractures are particularly conspicuous in the healing of ...
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Thrombosthenin is a/an
Ans. is 'b' is Contractile protein Thrombosthenin is a contractile protein found within platelets. It helps the platelets to contract during clot formation.Other contractile proteins found within platelets are-Actin andMyosin molecules
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Drug used in refractory glaucoma -
Refractory glaucoma (refractory glaucoma), the drug is difficult to control intraocular pressure, and poor prognosis for conventional surgery glaucoma, the past filtration surgery failed glaucoma, juvenile glaucoma, aphakic eye glaucoma, there are more long-term glaucoma medication history, neovascular glaucoma, second...
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Most common symptom of carcinoma bronchus is:
CA Bronchus * M/C symptom - Cough > Dyspnea > chest pain > hemoptysis * MC aery responsible for hemoptysis in CA bronchus- bronchial aeries
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Which of the following condition is associated with giant 'v' waves in a JVP?
Giant v waves are seen in tricuspid regurgitation and VSD. v wave in a JVP represents atrial filling and occur during ventricular systole. In tricuspid regurgitation there is an accentuated v wave followed by a rapid y descend. In progressive TR, v wave merges with the c wave and the right atrial and juglar vein wavefo...
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All are true about V. cholera except?
Ans. (d) Multi-flagellated bacteria
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Which of the following protein is involved in intercellular connections?
Connexins is a protein involved in intercellular connections. It is an integral membrane proteins with four transmembrane domains, two small extracellular loops, a cytoplasmic loop and cytoplasmic N and C terminal tails. Connexins assemble into a hexamer in the plasma membrane forming a unit referred to as connexon or ...
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When the HR is 72 beats per min, what would be the duration of cardiac cycle?
Cardiac cycle: - 72 beats occur in - 60sec. 1 beat would occur in - 60/72 1 beat - 0.833 sec (~ 833 ms) (0.0139 minute per beat).
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A young basketball player develops an acute onset of subclavian vein thrombosis (effort thrombosis) after heavy exercise. What is the next step in management?
Effort thrombosis, also called Paget-von Schroetter syndrome, is the development of thrombosis of the axillary-subclavian vein as a result of injury or compression. It occurs primarily in young athletes and is disabling. When these patients are seen early, thrombolytic therapy is the first step in management and is fol...
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Disulfide bonds are formed in which amino acid:
Ans. (b) Cysteine* -SH group of 2 cysteine in proteins can be oxidized to form a covalent disulfide bond.* It significantly stabilizes tertiary structures of protein* This bond plays crucial role in structures of many proteins by forming covalent links.* Amino acid that decreases ageing process: Cysteine and Taurine* A...
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An elderly male present with history of dysphagia, regurgitation, foul breath and cough. Bilateral lung crepitations are noted on examination. The most likely diagnosis is:
Ans. (b) Zenker's diverticulumRef: Sabiston 20th Edition, Pages 1020 -1022* Most common complication of Zenker's Diverticulum - Lung abscess due to aspiration* Most common symptom: Dysphagia (Not Halitosis)
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Which is the commonest true benign bone tumor?
Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Osteoid osteoma Important factso Commonest bone malignancieso Commonest primary' malignant tumoro Commonest primary malignant tumor of long bones---SecondariesMultiple myelomaOsteosarcomao Commonest benign tumor of bone-Osteochondroma(Osteochondroma is not true neoplasm since its growth stops with ces...
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As per ISO, color of N20 cylinder is
To differentiate color coding is given to the cylinders . Blue - N20 Black - N2 Orange - Cyclopropane Grey - Co2 Black body with white shoulder - O2 Black body with brown shoulder - Heliox ( Helium + 02 )
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"Rugger Jersey Spine" is seen in:
Renal osteodystrophy may produce a 'rugger jersy' (striped) appearance in lateral X-rays of the spine, due to alternating bonds of increased and decreased bone density. Ref: Apley's System of Ohopedics and Fractures, 8th Edition, Page 124; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Pages 1225-29.
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All of the following are seen on the right side of the cardiac silhouette in chest X-ray except: September 2008, 2010
Ans. D: Pulmonary aery The cardiac silhouette is the most prominent central feature of the chest x-ray and it produces a familiar gourd shape with the apex of the left ventricle located just behind the left chest nipple. The inferior left ventricle wall lies on the left diaphragm and the superior base of the hea shows ...
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Which of the following is a Enrichment broth
Enrichment media is liquid media that allow certain organism to grow and inhibit others. Example: Selenite F broth and Tetrathionate broth for salmonella & Shigella. Alkaline peptone water for Vibro cholerae.
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Pulmonary Hypertension is defined as Pulmonary Artery Pressure-
Ans. is 'd' i.e., > 25 mmHg (Link; Documenis/guidelines-PH-FTpdf)o PH has been defined as an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) > 25 mmHg at rest as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC').DefinitionCharacteristicsClinical group(s)Pulmonary- hypertension (PH)o Mean PAP > 25mmHgo AllPre-capillary ...
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All the following indicators are used to measure disability rates in a community except?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Human Povey Index
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Crocodile skin apppearance is seen in-
High voltage current may cause burns over a large area of skin (around entery wound) → Crocodile skin lesion.
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Trigone of urinary bladder develops from
The terminal poion of Mesonephric duct gets absorbed into the posterior wall of urogenital sinus and forms the trigone of the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder develops from endodermal vesicourethral canal. Ref: Gray's 39e/p-1289
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What does Casper Dictum indicate?
Casper dictum is useful for a rough assessment of the rate of decomposition of the dead body. It is 8 times slower under soil, and 2 times slower under water compared to air. Conditions that accelerate decomposition are: Septicemia Rhabdomyolysis Cocaine overdose Edematous area Conditions that retards decomposition are...
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Cause of death in-cafe-coronary is:
A i.e. Asphyxia
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What is the cause for luteal phase defect ?
Ans. is a i.e. Progesterone is inadequately secreted Luteal phase Defect is a condition when there is delay in the development of the endometrium of more than 2 days beyond the actual cycle day. This adversely affects the endometrial receptivity to blastocyst implantation. Etiology : Luteal phase defect is due to inade...
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Fever persisting even after treatment of pneumonia likely diagnosis is
number of noninfectious conditions mimic pneumonia, including pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, lung carcinoma, radiation and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and connective tissue disease involving the lungs. If the patient truly has CAP and empirical treatment is aimed at the correct pathogen, lack of response may be...
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A 45-year-old woman underwent a modified radical mastectomy 4 years ago. She was treated for multiple bone metastases with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil for 6 months. She is complaining of exeion on exercise, swelling of the legs, and swelling around eyes in the morning. On examination, she has bilate...
This patient is showing features of congestive hea failure which has most probably resulted from the use of doxorubicin. It is a leading cause of chemotherapy induced hea disease, it cause this during therapy, weeks after completion of therapy or unexpectedly after years. Traditionally, the cardiac-limiting dose of dox...
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Drug of choice for hypeension with hyperlipidemia is
Thiazide diuretics and beta blockers produce unourable lipid profile.Hence prazosin which is an alpha blocker is prefered as it has no effect on lipid profile. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed.
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Regarding Abdominal cacoon all statements are true except
.Pathology in Peritoneal Tuberculosis * Enormous thickening of the parietal peritoneum with multiple tiny yellowish tubercles. * Dense adhesions in peritoneum and omentum with content inside as small bowel looking like abdominal cocoon. It may precipitate intestinal obstruction. * Multiple dense adhesions between bowel...
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Definition of Nosocomial infection includes -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Infection within 30 days after discharge * The term hospital infection, hospital-acquired infection or nosocomial infection are applied to infections developing in hospitalized patients, not present or in incubation at the time of their admission.* Such infections may become evident during their stay ...
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Tinea Incognito is
Tinea incognito is atypical tinea caused by incorrect treatment of lesions with topical corticosteroids, where the lesions are asymptomatic, extensive and does not have scales.
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True about sand filter is
Slow sand filters occupy more space, requires long duration require less skilled operators and gives good bacterial quality when compared to rapid sand filters. But it takes more time for the operation. Rate of filtration is 200 m.g.a.d in the rapid sand filter but only 2-3m.g.a.d. in the slow sand filter (PARK TB 25th...
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A 40 year old male with diabetes presents with vitreous hemorrhage. What is the cause ?
This patient is likely to have proliferative diabetic retinopathy in which neovascularization is the hallmark. Neovessels along with fibrous tissue may lie flat on the retina or attach itself to the posterior vitreous face leading later to vitreous face leading later to vitreous traction, retinal separation and the tea...
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Thyroid storm is seen in -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above o Thyroid storm is a rare, life-threatening condition characterized by severe clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis.Risk factorso Although thyroid storm can develop in patients with long-standing untreated hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease,, toxic multinodular goiter solitary? toxi...
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Simple life cycle requires -
Human parasite may complete their life cycle in a single host or more than one host.Some parasites require two or three host to complete their life cycle (refer pgno:6 baveja 3 rd edition)
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How would a drug that competes with Ach for receptors at the motor end plate effect skeletal muscle? It would
Dragcompetes with acetylcholine at the motor end plate causes muscle relaxation Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:65,66,67
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Which feature would most likely be found in a patient with lepromatous leprosy?
The disease of leprosy is divided into two basic types: lepromatous and tuberculoid. The lepromatous form is an aggressive disease, whereas the tuberculoid form tends to be self-limiting. Individuals with lepromatous leprosy have an inflammatory skin infiltrate, which consists largely of macrophages that have a charact...
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Anesthetic agent/s which have tocolytic effect are
Halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane produce a dose-dependent decrease in uterine tone (tocolysis)Studies of isoflurane demonstrate that halogenated compounds reduce both the frequency of uterine contractions and the interval between them.(Refer: stoelting's pharmacology and physiology in anaesthetic practice, 5th edit...
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Which of the following structures is involved in the paramedian infarction of the base of the pons?
Base of the pons includes coicospinal (pyramidal), coicobulbar, coicopontine tracts, pontine nuclei, and transverse pontine fibers. so in paramedian infarction of base of pons coicospinal (pyramidal ) tract is affected.
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Waxy flexibility is a characteristic sign of:
Waxy flexibility is a sign of catatonia. In waxy flexibility, when examiner makes a passive movement on patient, there is a feeling of plastic resistance which resembles bending of a soft wax candle. It is seen in stupors catatonia more commonly. In excitatory catatonia, instead of stupor, patient shows increased level...
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All of the following modalities can be used for in-situ ablation of liver secondaries, except
A i.e. Ultrasonic waves Ultrasonic waves (i.e. USG) have been used to improve placement of probe delivering intralesional ethanol injection, radiofrequency ablation and cryotherapyQ. It is not used for insitu abalation of liver tumor (primary & secoandary). Treatment modalities for liver secondaries Liver transplant (i...
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Salt loosing nephropathy seen in
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Interstitial nephritis
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All are true about P-value except ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e. Is equal to 1-0 P value is equal to the probability of commiting type I error, i.e. observing a difference when there is no difference in real. When P value is less than signficance level (a) , the results are statistically significant. Significance level (c() is fixed in advance. For example, signific...
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Which of the following solution is recommended for TMJ Arthrocentesis:
Liquid:
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Normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in men is
(125 mi/min) (706-GN) (646- Ganong 23rd)* The normal value of GFR is 125 ml/min or 180 L/day* A rate of 125 ml/min is 7.5 L/hour or 180 L/day, whereas the normal urine volume is about 1 L/d. Thus 99% or more of the filtrate is normally reabsorbed.* At the rate of 125 ml/min, the kidneys filter in 1 day an amount of flu...
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"Nut meg" liver is seen in:
CVC Liver
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Vascular congestion over inseions of the rectus muscles (paicularly lateral rectus) is seen in:
Ans. Graves ophthalmopathy
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Drug of choice for open angle glaucoma -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Timolol Impoant acts Angle closure glaucoma Treatment of choice for acute congestive glaucoma Laser iridotomy (1" choice), Peripheral iridectency (2" choice) Drug of choice for acute congestive glaucoma Pilocarpine Initially IOP is controlled (first drug used)- Systemic mannitol or acetazolamide Open ...
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Secondary glaucoma following corneal perforation is due to:
Ans. Peripheral anterior synechiae
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Most common dose related side effects of salbutamol?
ANSWER: (D) TremorsREF: KDT 7th ed p. 217The most common dose related side effect of salbutamol is tremors, Palpitations, restlessness, nervousness and restlessness are also seen.
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The primary action of Nitric oxide (NO) in the gastrointestinal tract is:
C i.e. Gastrointestinal smooth muscle relaxation - Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from arginine (02, NADPH) by NO synthase (requiring FMN, FAD, herne & BH4) in nerves and vascular endothelial cells (hence called EDRF). It relaxes smooth muscles by increasing cyclic GMPQ. - Nitric oxide (NO) and atrial natriuretic fac...
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Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?
Hallucinations are not a feature of post traumatic stress disorder. It is a delayed and protracted response to exceptionally stressful or catastrophic life event. It is characterized by flash back (recollection of event), hyper arousal (insomnia), emotional numbing and avoidance. Ref: The Encyclopedia of Psychological ...
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A beta hemolytic bacteria is resistant to vancomycin shows growth in 6.5% NaCI, is non bile sensitive. It is likely to be -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Enterococcus The bacteria in this question is showing growth in 6.5% NaC1, non bile senstive (ie growing in the presence of bile) and showing 3 hemolysis, Enterococci have all these features.
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A 69 year old woman is brought to the emergency room after falling off a step stool and fracturing her hip. Her past medical history is significant for several bouts of pneumonia during the past year. Laboratory results indicate a normal white blood cell count, but platelets are decreased, and the erythrocyte sedimenta...
The patient is suffering from multiple myeloma, a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells (or their precursors) found within the bone marrow. These malignant cells are responsible for the production of excessive amounts of immunoglobulin (usually IgG or IgA), producing an M- protein spike, and increasing the ESR. The ...
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Successional dental lamina is responsible for :
From the successional lamina come permanent teeth, which replace the primary teeth except for the permanent molars.
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The palate of an HIV +ve patient shows the following lesion, the probable diagnosis is:
Kaposi’s sarcoma has four major clinical presentations: classic (chronic), endemic (lymph-adenopathic; African), immunosuppression-associated (transplant), and AIDS-related. The early lesion (patch stage) is characterized by proliferation of small veins and capillaries around one or more preexisting dilated vessel. Mor...
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Poor prognostic factors in a child with kwashiorkar include all of the following-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hepatomegaly o Hepatomegaly is one of the essential diagnostic feature of kwashiorkor, it does not indicate poor prognosis. o Poor prognostic factors in PEM, which can lead to early death ? Hypothermia 4. Diarrhea 7. Cardiac failure Hypoglycemia 5. Severe anemia 8. Dehydration or overhydration Systemi...
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Dawson Fingers are feature of
Multiple sclerosis :- - is m/c immune mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of CNS - autoimmune destruction of myelin formed - Dawson fingers - are radiological feature of Multiple sclerosis - are periventricular white matter hyperintensities perpendicular to ventricles - involvement of calloso-septal interface -...
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Peritonsillar abscess is most commonly caused by
Peritonsillar abscess ( Quinsy) is the collection of pus in the peritonsillar space which lies between the capsule of tonsil and superior constrictor muscle. A peritonsillar abscess usually follows acute tonsillitis. First crystal Magna is infected and sealed off. Culture of pus from the abscess May reveal beta-hemolyt...
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Silver plaques are a feature of: September 2006
Ans. B: Psoriasis Plaque psoriasis is the most common presentation of psoriasis and of all the patterns is the most likely to affect the typical areas of the elbows, knees, umbilicus and lower back. It tends to be a relatively persistent or chronic pattern of psoriasis that can be improved with treatment but is difficu...
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Main aim for treatment of TB -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Complete bacteriological cure o Chemotherapy is indicated in every' case of active tuberculosis.o The objective of treatment is cure-that is, the elimination of both the fast and slowly multiplying bacilli from the patient's body.o The effects of chemotherapy are judged not by the anatomic healing of ...
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True about gliomas-metastize commonly to
(A) Liver /Harrison16 - 2452]# Large majority of ASTROCYTOMAS arising in adults are high grade, supratentorial, and do not have a clearly defined margin.> Neoplastic cells migrate away from the main tumor mass an infiltrate adjacent brain, often tracking along white matter pathways.> Imaging studies do not indicate the...
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In right middle ear pathology, weber test will be
Weber`s test lateralizes to the affected ear in a conductive hearing loss and to the normal ear in a sensorineural hearing loss. In case of a middle ear pathology, there is conductive hearing loss and hence weber`s test lateralizes to the affected ear.Weber`s is the most sensitive test, lateralizes even at 5 dB of hear...
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Which one of the following blood fractions is stored at - 40oC
Red Cells 42 days with the appropriate additives( SAG-M) 2-6 oC Platelets 5 days 20-24 oC Cryoprecipitate 2yrs At - 30degC It is a supernatant precipitate of FFP and is rich in factor VIII and fibrinogen. Ref: Bailey and love. 27th edition. Pg no:21
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If a missile enters the body just above the pubic ramus through the anterior abdominal wall, it will most likely pierce which of the following structures
When the bladder is not empty, it rises above the level of the pubic symphysis. Other options given, do not reach the level of the pubic symphysis.
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Process of migration of leukocytes through the endothelium is through
The next step in the process of leukocyte recruitment is migration of the leukocytes through the endothelium, called transmigration or diapedesis. Transmigration of leukocytes occurs mainly in post-capillary venules. Chemokines act on the adherent leukocytes and stimulate the cells to migrate through interendothelial s...
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Post traumatic stress disorder is due to?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Major life treatening events Stressors for stress disorders* Stress disorders occur after an extreme traumatic events involving the threat of personal death or injury. They can arise from experiences in war, torture, natural catastroph (earthquake, volcano, floods), assault, rape, and serious accident...
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Most common site for trauma of spine is-
*Traumatic spine injuries most commonly affect cervical spine (50-60%)followed by dorsolumbar junction. Ref: Clinical Ohopaedics maheswari 9th p.786
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Minimum dose of estrogen in combined OCP's
.
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A 5-year-old with loose stools was treated with plan A, how much ORS should be given per stool for the kid
The amount of ORS solution she should give is 50-100 ml ( 1/4 - 1/2 cup) of ORS solution for a child less than 2 years old. 100-200 ml for older children. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition
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Most common cause of DIC
Ans. (a) Obstetric complications(Ref: Harrison 18th ed/pg 1390)The most common causes are bacterial sepsis, malignant disorders such as solid tumors or acute promyelocytic leukemia, and obstetric causes. DIC is diagnosed in almost one-half of pregnant women with abruptio placentae, or with amniotic fluid embolism
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Stage 4 clinical trial also called as ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Post marketing surveillance Summary of clinical tarils Phase Name Conducted on Blinding and control Human pharmacology Healthy volunteers OPEN LABEL and safety (20-100) (No bliniding) lI Therapeutic 100-150 Single blind exploratory Patients (homogenous population) Controlled Therapeutic Upto 5000 pati...
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Stem cells are taken from all except -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Livero There are three accessible sources of adult stem cells in humans :Bone marrow, which requires extraction by harvesting, that is, drilling into bone (typically the femur or iliac crest),Adipose tissue, which requires extraction by liposuction, andBlood, which requires extraction through pheresis...
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Myelin sheath in CNS is produced by
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are involved in myelin formation around axons in the CNS and peripheral nervous system respectively. Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 23rd edition; pg: 80.
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Gitter cells are -
A i.e. Microglia Gitter or Hoega cell is a lipid laden microglial cello commonly seen at the edge of healing brain infarcts. It phagocytize lipid from necrotic or degenerating brain cells. It is also known as compound granule cell, gitterzelle (lattice or wire-net), mesoglia or pefivesicular glial cell.
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In Volkmann's ischaemia, surgery should be done within:
C i.e. 1 hour
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HER2/neu receptor plays a role in
Friends, direct quote from Robbins….’HER2/neu overexpression is associated with poorer survival but its main importance is as a predictor of response to agents that target this transmembrane protein (examples trastuzumab or lapatinib).’ • The overexpression is due to amplification of the gene HER2/neu located on 17q21....
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A young female came to surgery OPD with bilateral breast mass. On examination, mass was firm and mobile. What is the diagnosis on the basis of findings
Pattern of calcification in Breast Diseases Carcinoma - Microcalcification, punctuate, branching Fibroadenoma - Popcorn (coarse, granular, crushed Stone) Fibrocystic disease - powdery Fat necrosis - Curvilinear Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pgno :870
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12.6 m old baby was brought c/o difficulty in feeding. The child was found to be hypotonic with a weak gag. The child is on breast mild and mother also gives honey to the child during periods of excessive crying. The causative agent is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Toxin produced by gram positive anaerobic bacillus o Food poisoning due to ingestion of honey is caused by clostridium botulinum. o Clostridium is a gram positive spore forming anaerobic bacilli.
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A former from the sub-Himalayan region presents with multiple leg ulcers. The most likely causative agent is:
Ans. c. Sporothrix schenkii (Ref: Ananthnarayan 8/e p609; Harrison 19/e p1353 18/e p1664; Journal of Neglected Tropical Diseases: vol 6.6; June 2012: 'Sporotrichosisin sub-himalayan India (PLOS NQeg Trop Dis. 2012 June 6 (6): 1673)Presence of multiple ulcers in the leg, along the lymphatic channels, in a farmer (outdoo...
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Which of the following movements will not be affected by involvement of the L5 Nerve root?
Knee extension is carried out by L-2, 3 and 4 (Femoral nerve). Injury at the level of L- 5, doesn't affect knee extension. Knee flexion is carried out by the root value: L -5 and S-1 (Tibial nerve). Toe extension requires L-5 (deep peroneal nerve) Ref - BDC 6th e p140 lowerlimb
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In heterophoria prism is used:
Ans. With apex towards the direction of phoria in glasses for treatment
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In order to replace maxillary canine, which of the following pontic should be used:
Both modified ridge lap and ovate pontics are superior esthetically and hygienic, and hence, they are used in maxillary canine replacement. But only modified ridge lap is indicated for replacement of missing mandibular canine.
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SNHL is seen in -
Ans. is 'd' i.e.. All of the above Congenital causes of SNHL o Treacher collin syndrome o Alports syndrome o Pendred syndrome o Crouzon's disease o Bartter syndrome o Leopard syndrome o Refsum syndrome o Waardenburg syndrome o Fabry disease o Usher's syndrome o Hurler's syndrome o Klippel fed syndrome o Type 1 (distal)...
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In a young male, history of firm unshakable belief of hands passing through the body & gripping his lungs indicates
This patient has :- False but firm belief → Delusion. Hand passing through the body & gripping his lungs → delusion is bizarre (belief that is impossible): Bizarre delusions are seen in schizophrenia.
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Which of the following findings provides the best evidence of insect sting hypersensitivity?
Clinical documentation of a systemic allergic reaction is essential to the accurate diagnosis of insect sting hypersensitivity. Typically, signs of anaphylaxis develop within minutes after the sting. Subsequent prick or intradermal skin testing, supplemented as necessary by antivenom IgE levels (determined by radioalle...
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Erythroderma % of skin involved is ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., >90% Erythroderma (generalized exfoliative dermatitis) Erythroderma is the term used when the majority of the skin is erythmatous red color and usually associated with crusts, there may be associated erosions, pustules, shedding of nails or hair. "Exfoliative dermatitis (erythroderma) refers to a scal...
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Pauciarticular JRA is characterised by all except –
Ocular manifestations of JRA Uveitis (most common)               Cataract  Band keratopathy  Glaucoma
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tripple negative ductal invasive carcinoma of breast is ?
MEDULLARY CARCINOMA breast : * High nuclear grade, aneuploidy, hormone receptors - nt, HER2/neu overexpression -nt. * Lymph node metastases -infrequent. * Syncytial growth pattern and pushing borders - d/t overexpression of adhesion molecules -> intercellular cell adhesion molecule and E-cadherin -) limit metastatic po...
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Giant papillary Conjunctivitis is seen in -
Giant papillary conjunctivitis is a complication of contact lens use. Reference : Donshik, P.C. (2003). Contact lens chemistry and giant papillary onjunctivitis.
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The minor duodenal papilla is opening of -
Major duodenal papilla → Hepatopancreatic ampulla (opening of the biliary-pancreatic duct). Minor duodenal papilla → Accessory pancreatic duct opening.
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Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy used in esophageal carcinoma
Neoadjuvant chemotherapyNeoadjuvant chemotherapy is the administration of therapeutic agents before the main treatment.Neoadjuvant therapy aims to:Reduce the size or extent of cancer.Makes procedures easier and more likely to succeed.Reduces the consequences of a more extensive treatment.Single-agent chemotherapyCombin...
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Which organ is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the fetus before mid-pregnancy?
Ans. B. LiverFetal Hematopoiesisi. Begins in the yolk sac (2 -8 weeks) - progenitor cells migrate from the yolk sac to the liver at 5-8 weeks' gestationii. Only terminal differentiation of red cells occurs in the yolk saciii. Liver active from 5-8 weeks' gestation - mainly red cells. Spleen also involved before 20 week...
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Surgeries used in management of Meniere's disease are all Except
Surgical treatments ib Meniere's disease are used only when medical treatment fails.a) Conservative procedures - Decompression of endolymphatic sac, Endolymphatic shunt operation, Sacculotomy(Fick's operation)., Section of the vestibular nerve, Ultrasonic destruction of vestibular labyrinth.b) Destructive procedures: L...
15,193
medmcqa_train
Eonism is :
A i.e. Desire to be identified with opposite sex
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A patient with hyperiglycerdemia is treated with Omega -3- polyunsaturated fatty acids. Treatment with omega-3- polyunsaturated fatty acids, will have the following effect on lipid profile:
Answer is C (Increased LDL and Decreased total cholesterol) The major effect of Omega -3-polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on plasma lipids is to decrease serum triglyceride levels. They do not have a consistent effect on total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol however most studies have repoed a rise in LDL cholesterol and a d...
15,195
medmcqa_train
Which among the following is Autosomal dominant with an expression during adolescence?
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy is an autosomal dominant condition with onset during adolescence. It involves face, shoulder and upper arm. The speed of progression of the disease is variable. Ref: O P Ghai, 5th Edition, Page 424.
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Sturge Weber's syndrome is not associated with -
Sturge-weber's syndrome Sturge-weber's syndrome results from anomalous development of the primordial vascular bed in the early stages of cerebral vascularization. At this stage, the blood supply to the brain, meninges, and face is undergoing reorgnization, while the primitive ectoderm in the region differentiates into...
15,197
medmcqa_train
A patient with clustered white lesions on the buccal mucosa opposite the upper 1st as 2nd molars pathognomonic for measles These are
ref : harrisons 21st ed
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medmcqa_train
Egg on side appearance on chest X-ray is associated with?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., TGA * Egg on side appearance is characteristic radiographic feature of transposition of great vessels (TGA).Cardiac configration* "Boot-shaped" heart (cour en sabot)Fallot's tetralogy* "Egg on side" heart ("egg in cup" heart)Transposition of great arteries* "Egg in cup" HeartConstrictive pericarditis*...
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