query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Not true about Vi polysaccharide vaccine of typhoid: | Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Given at bih | 152,000 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statement regarding C-reactive protein is false? | The gene for CRP is on chromosome 1. CRP is an abnormal protein which appear in blood in response to inflammatory cytokines such as IL 6. It is one of the most sensitive acute pahse reactant. It is elevated following severe trauma, bacterial infections, inflammation, surgery or neoplastic proliferation. | 152,001 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice for intramedullary SOL is – | Investigation of choice for intramedullary space occupy lesion is MRI. | 152,002 | medmcqa_train |
Which of following is the most common site for extranodal lymphoma? | Although extranodal lymphomas can arise in viually any tissue they di so most commonly in the GI tract paicularly the stomach.(ref Robbins 9th/773) | 152,003 | medmcqa_train |
A surgical resident has accidently given an intra aerial injection of thiopental sodium to a patient on the ward. The arm has blanched below the level of the injection. Which of the following is NOT recommended for the management? | The recommendation in such a scenario is to leave the needle in the aery and to inject a vasodilator like papaverine. A brachial plexus block or stellate ganglion block will cause vasodilatation and decrease the ischemia. In case of extravascular injection infiltrate with hyaluronidase 1500 IU dissolved in 1 ml through... | 152,004 | medmcqa_train |
Sympathectomy of the kidney results in which of the following responses? | The kidney is innervated primarily by the sympathetic nervous system and as such, regulates the contraction of the smooth muscle surrounding the afferent and efferent aerioles of the glomerulus. Sympathetic stimulation to the efferent glomerular aerioles causes the constriction and increases the filtration rate, leadin... | 152,005 | medmcqa_train |
Reversible injury in myocardium occurs at ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 30 minuteso The metabolic rate of the hea is high, and its stores of substrate are low.o So, hea is critically dependent on a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients.o Ischemia of myocardium induces profound functional, biochemical and morphological consequences.o Myocardial function is more sensiti... | 152,006 | medmcqa_train |
Radial tuberosity provides attachment to - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Biceps brachii (Ref: Elsevier's integrated anatomy Vol 2 p 30).An anterior, rough poion of tubercle - For inseion of tendon of biceps brachii.A posterior smooth poions of tubercle - Bursa interposed between tendon & bone.. | 152,007 | medmcqa_train |
Pack year means | (B) 20 cigarettes per day for 1 year# A pack-year is a quantification of cigarette smoking.> 1 pack-year is equal to smoking 20 cigarettes (1 pack) per day for 1 year, or 40 cigarettes per day for half a year, and so on.> Number of pack-years = (packs smoked per day) * (years as a smoker). | 152,008 | medmcqa_train |
A person presents with following parameters PCO3- 30 mm of Hg, P02- 105 mm of Hg, pH-7.45 is having paially compensated | Ans. d. Respiratory alkalosis In the question, pH is 7.45 and PCO, is 30 mm Hg. Overall change is slightly alkaline. Respiratory change is also alkaline. So the diagnosis is respiratory alkalosis Acid Base Disorders pH < 7.35 is acidosis; pH >7.45 is alkalosis 1degchange in HCO3 is termed as Metabolic (Normal HCO3= 22-... | 152,009 | medmcqa_train |
What is true of fetal hematopoiesis in the course of pregnancy? | Fetal hematopoiesis: yolk sac - fetal liver - fetal bone marrow. The first fetal erythrocytes are nucleated and macrocytic. MCV is 180 fL and normally decreases to 105 to 115 fL. As the fetus grows, the blood volume in fetoplacental circulation increases. The fetalhemoglobin concentration increases from 12 gm/dL in mid... | 152,010 | medmcqa_train |
Most effective HDL raising drug is: | Niacin is the most effective HDL raising drug currently available. Niacin is the only drug currently available that lowers Lipoproteinp(a), and can be considered as an addition to a statin in patient with elevated Lp(a). Statins have a modest HDL-raising effect (5-10%). Fibrates are the most effective drugs available f... | 152,011 | medmcqa_train |
True about tubercular otitis media are all except? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Usually affects both ears Tubercular otitis media Tuberculosis of middle ear is a comparatively rare entity usually seen in association with or secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis, infection reaches the middle ear through eustachian tube. The rare modes of infection are through hematogenous spread fro... | 152,012 | medmcqa_train |
Cranial pa of accessory nerve supplies all palatal muscles, EXCEPT? | The cranial root of the accessory nerve is smaller than the spinal root. It exits the skull through the jugular foramen and unites for a sho distance with the spinal root. Its fibers innervate the pharyngeal and palatal muscles, except tensor veli palatini. | 152,013 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these can be safely stopped before an abdominal surgery | Refer CMDT6 2014/45 All antihypeensives should be continued in preoperative period except ACE inhibitors ,angiotensin receptor blockers and diuretics ACE inhibitors and ARBs should be stopped 24 hrs before surgery to prevent intraoperative hypotension Diuretics should be stopped once the patient is kept NPO to prevent ... | 152,014 | medmcqa_train |
The bodies of spine are biconcave and are called "codfish spine" most commonly seen in: | Codfish Veebra is seen in 1. Osteoporosis > Osteomalacia 2. Sickle cell disease 3. Hereditary spherocytosis 4. Homocystinuria 5. Renal osteodystrophy 6. Osteogenesis imperfecta 7. Gaucher's disease | 152,015 | medmcqa_train |
Percentage of pheochromocytoma that are bilateral is: | Pheochromocytomas often are called the 10 percent tumor because 10% are bilateral, 10% are malignant, 10% occur in pediatric patients, 10% are extra-adrenal, and 10% are familial. Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th edition, chapter 38. | 152,016 | medmcqa_train |
Fredrich's ataxia is caused by - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Expanded trinucleotide repeat o Freidrich ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder.o It is caused by loss of Junctional mutation in frataxin gene (FxN) gene.o Frataxin gene is located on chromosome 9ql3.o Majority of patients have an expanded trinucleotide repeat in intron 1 of both alleles of fratax... | 152,017 | medmcqa_train |
Left sided sixth nerve palsy would lead to - | Left sided 6th nerve palsy lead to diplopia in left sided gaze. The abducens nerve is a nerve that controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle in humans, responsible for outward gaze. It is also known as the abducent nerve, the sixth cranial nerve, sixth nerve Ref khurana 6/e | 152,018 | medmcqa_train |
Polymer of fructose | Ans. c (Inulin) (Ref. Ganong.-23rd/Ch. 38. 26th/pg. 105).Substances Used to Measure GFRIn addition to the requirement that it be freely filtered and neither reabsorbed nor secreted in the tubules, a substance suitable for measuring the GFR should be nontoxic and not metabolized by the body. Inulin, a polymer of fructos... | 152,019 | medmcqa_train |
Global eradication of smallpox was done on: | Ans. (b) 8th May 1980* Last indigenous case of Smallpox in India: 77th May 1975* Last case of Smallpox in India: 24th May 1975* India declared Smallpox-free: 23 April 1977* Last case of Smallpox globally: 26th October 1977 (Somalia)* Actual last case of smallpox : 1978* Global eradication of Smallpox: 8th May 1980 | 152,020 | medmcqa_train |
Natural light causes all except | Organ of Coi - A specialized structure located on the inner surface of the basilar membrane of the cochlea containing hair cells thattransmit sound vibrations to the nerve fibers.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no: 200 | 152,021 | medmcqa_train |
Indicator of Remote contamination of water | Bacteriological Indicators of Water Quality E Coli: Best indicator. Ideally water should be coliform free except large urban water supplies where up to 5% contamination is acceptable if samples are taken up to 1year. For this screening test used is presumptive coliform count, MPN (Most Probable Number) and multiple tub... | 152,022 | medmcqa_train |
Vocal cord is lined by which of the following epithelium | The epithelium of the mucous membrane of the larynx is ciliated columnar epithelium except for the vocal cords and upper pa of the vestibule where it is of stratified squamous type | 152,023 | medmcqa_train |
Waist to hip ratio which indicates obesity in men? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., > 1.0Waist-Height ratio (WHtR): It is the best indicator of cardiovascular risk. It is independent of age and sex. Cut-off value is 0.5. | 152,024 | medmcqa_train |
Type of sampling shown in Figure is | Ans- A Simple random sampling Ref - Review: Simple Random Sampling Do you remember how simple random sampling works? Visually, it's just numbering each individual and randomly selecting a certain number of them. Here's the image we used in the previous section: Stratified Sampling Stratified sampling is different. With... | 152,025 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statement about heparin are true except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Causes hypokalemia o Heparin can cause alopecia o Heparin does not cross placenta ---> nonteratogenic o Heparin releases lipoprotein lipase from vessel wall. o Heparin causes hyperkalemia (not hypokalemia). | 152,026 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following syndromes is best associated with congenital hea disease | Holt oram charge association syndrome is a autosomal dominant disease characterized by Cardiac lesion( ostium secundum ASD,VSD,TOF, pulmonary stenosis), coloboma, choanal atresia,genital hypoplasia,ear abnormalities,growth retardation due to TBX5 mutation Lesch nyhan syndrome/ juvenile gout is associated with self muti... | 152,027 | medmcqa_train |
A patient has complaint of seeing coloured holoes in the evening and blurring of vision for last few days with normal 10P ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Prodromal phase of acute angle closure glaucoma Features of latent PACG (Prodromal stage) are :? Shallow anterior chamber Occasionally complain of halos around light Sometimes slight-haziness or blurring of vision Normal 10P It is the only phase of glaucoma, where IOP pressure is normal at all the tim... | 152,028 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are seen in the Horner&;s syndrome, except | Ref: BD Chaurasia&;s HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition. Horner&;s syndrome is characterized by (a) Ptosis i.e. drooping of the upper eyelid); (b) miosis (i.e. constriction of the pupil); (c) anhydrosis (i.e. loss of sweating on that side of the face); (d) enophthalmos (i.e. retraction of the eyeball); (e) loss of th... | 152,029 | medmcqa_train |
What is the cause of sudden death in a patient who recently underwent maxillary sinus irrigation? | ANSWER: (A) Air embolismREF: Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases: With Head and Neck Surgery By Walter Becker 3rd edition, http ://emedicine.medscape.com/article/862030-over vie wComplications of non-endoscopic drainage procedures can be minor or severe. The most common complication is failure to enter the sinus because of ... | 152,030 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not true about resuscitation in burns patient? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Quantity of crystalloid needed is calculated using the parkland formula-6m/Kg body weight per % of the total body surface area burnt * Proper fluid management is critical to survival in a burn patient.* The hypovolemic shock in burn patient is special in the sense that the total body water remains unc... | 152,031 | medmcqa_train |
A drug having narrow therapeutic range is | Therapeutic range is bounded by the dose which produces a minimal therapeutic effect and the dose which produces a maximal acceptable adverse effect.
Example of the narrow therapeutic range are lithium, Phenytoin. | 152,032 | medmcqa_train |
Concentration of sodium in mOsm/l in low osmolar ORS is? | Concentration of sodium in low osmolar ORS is 75 mOsm/l Osmolarity reduced to avoid possible adverse effects of hypeonicity on net fluid absorption by reducing the concentration of glucose and sodium chloride in the solution . Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition pg 224 | 152,033 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with Pink color skin & mucosa , bitter almond smell from breath and frothy discharge. The cause of death is | Characteristic of Cyanide poisoning : patient present with Tachypnoea followed by bradypnoea, Cyanosis is generally a late finding and usually does not occur until circulatory collapse and tachycardia are evident. Brick-red colour of skin and mucous membranes is said to be characteristic. The skin feels cold and clammy... | 152,034 | medmcqa_train |
Aminoacyl t-RN A is required for all except : | A i.e. Hydroxyproline | 152,035 | medmcqa_train |
A 25 year old male collage student present to emergency after road traffic accident.patient is in state of shock and breath sounds are decreased on side of chest trauma (left side).normal heart sound ,no elevated JVP and dull note on percussion. diagnosis? | Patient with chest trauma in shock without elevated JVP suggest massive Hemothorax. | 152,036 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following prokinetic drugs produces extrapyramidal side effects? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p643, 644) Metoclopramide and domperidone act by blocking D2 receptors. Metoclopramide can cross BBB whereas domperidone cannot. Therefore, metoclopramide can produce extra-pyramidal adverse effects while domperidone is devoid of it. Cisapride acts as 5HT4 agonist. It can cause torsades de pointes. | 152,037 | medmcqa_train |
Drug not useful in hypeensive emergency is | Refer kDT 6/e p554 Indapamide is thiazide like diuretics, having mild diuretic effect, not used in emergency situation Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic drug generally used in the treatment of hypeension, as well as decompensated hea failure. Combination preparations with perindopril | 152,038 | medmcqa_train |
Feature of 3 degree burn: | Answer- C. Whole dermis destroyedThe whole of the dermis is destroyed of the burns.Clinically, they have a hard, leathery feel, The appearance can vary from that similar to the patient's normal skin to charred black depending upon the intensity of the heat. . There is no capillay return after, thrombosed vessels can be... | 152,039 | medmcqa_train |
Dowry death is covered under which section of IPC? | ANSWER: (B) 304-BREF: Parikh 6th edition page 4.162, 8.2, 4.56Repeat from December 2010Repeat (***)304-B: Dowry death:Where the death of a woman is caused by any bums or bodily injury or occurs otherwise than under normal circumstances within seven years of her marriage and it is shown that soon before her death she wa... | 152,040 | medmcqa_train |
What is this mode of treatment called as? | Ans. D. Gallows tractionThe figure shows the child put on Gallows traction that is used to treat a patient less than 2 years' old who lands up with a fracture of shaft of femur. | 152,041 | medmcqa_train |
Flavoproteins are component of which complex of respiratory chain: | Flavoproteins are impoant components of Complexes I and II. The oxidized flavin nucleotide (FMN or FAD) can be reduced in reactions involving the transfer of two electrons (to form FMNH2 or FADH2), but they can also accept one electron to form the semiquinone. Ref: Harper 28th edition, chapter 13. | 152,042 | medmcqa_train |
Cause of Farmer's lung - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Grain dust Farmer's lung is caused by Hay or grain dust | 152,043 | medmcqa_train |
Complement attaches to immunoglobulin at - | Antigen is attached to Fab region Complement and ADCC(antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity) attachment are through Fc region. The constant region of the heavy chain has many biological functions. It is responsible for activation of the complement, binding to cell surface receptors, placental transfer, and many othe... | 152,044 | medmcqa_train |
Chalazion of lid is: | Chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation | 152,045 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following receptors mediate the release of ACTH by Vasopressin? | Vasopressin acts on V3 or V1b receptors to release ACTH. | 152,046 | medmcqa_train |
Causes of Psedoahrosis is all of the following except - | Pseudoahrosis is pseudo joints * it can be seen after a fracture - non union of a fracture may be painless if pseudojoint forms between fracture ends. *it can be idiopathic *can be seen in neurofibromatosis *congenital pseudoahrosis of tibia - rare condition , in 50-90% cases neurofibromatosis is present * in establish... | 152,047 | medmcqa_train |
Prophylaxis for migraine | K.D Tripathy essentials of medical pharmacology 7th edition . *Drugs for prophylaxis of migraine are beta blockers(propranalol ),TCA(amitriptyline ), calciumchannelblockers(flunarizine),anticonvulsants (valproate),5HT antagonist. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2234 | 152,048 | medmcqa_train |
Most common size of osteoma ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Aryepiglotic folds Inlet of larynx It is an oblique opening bounded : - Anteriorly : - Free margins of epiglottis On the sides : - Aryepigloftic folds Posteriorly : - Interarytenoid folds Vestibular folds (False vocal cords) Two folds of mucous membrane extending anteroposteriorly across the laryngeal... | 152,049 | medmcqa_train |
25 yr old male having fever & malaise since 2 weeks, ahritis of ankle joint and tender erytematous nodules over the shin. Diagnosis is: | A i.e. Erythema nodosum | 152,050 | medmcqa_train |
Pancreatic Cancer is caused by: | Clonorchis infection causes the bile duct and pancreatic cancer. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th Edition, Page 591, 1247 ; CMDT, 2002, Page 1504 | 152,051 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest complication of Trans-cervical fracture of femur is | C i.e. Avascular necrosis | 152,052 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about case fatality rate is - | Ref: Parks 23rd edition pg 58 it is a propoion. It represents killing power of a disease. It is simply the ratio of deaths to cases. | 152,053 | medmcqa_train |
HbH is characterized by | Answer- A. Deletion of three alpha genesHbH disease- Deletion of three alpha genes (--/-alpha)- hemolytic anemia | 152,054 | medmcqa_train |
Not a complication of gallstones | Effects and complications of Gallstones In Gallbladder In Bile duct In intestine Silent stones Acute cholecystitis Chronic cholecystitis Mucocele Empyema Perforation Gangrene Carcinom Obstructive jaundice Cholangitis Acute pancreatitis Gall stone ileus Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno : 1492-1493 | 152,055 | medmcqa_train |
A 22 year old woman is evaluated in the emergency for a 3 day h/o dark urine and abdominal distension. O/E: normal mental status, icterus present, hea and lungs normal, Hematocrit: 26, Reticulocytes: 5%, Platelets: 1.3 lakhs, Alk.Phos: 30 units/L, ALT: 110 units/L, AST: 220 units/L, Total bilirubin:13mg% (Direct:4 mg) ... | Points in or of diagnosis of Wilson's disease- Low hematocrit of 26% and increased reticulocyte count: hemolysis of RBC due to excess intracellular copper. Unconjugated jaundice due to hemolysis and defective conjugation in liver due to hepatocyte damage. Mild elevation of enzymes unlike acute viral hepatitis where gro... | 152,056 | medmcqa_train |
Lid retraction is a side effect of wof anti- glaucoma drug | Brimonidine:- This clonidine congener is more a2 selective and more lipophilic than apraclonidine. mech of action:- It lowers i.o.t. by 20-27% by reducing aqueous production and by increasing uveoscleral flow. Peak effect on i.o.t. occurs after 2 hours. Side effects:- Allergic conjunctivitis, mydriasis, eyelid retracti... | 152,057 | medmcqa_train |
Green blue postmoem discoloration is seen in which poisoning - | The colour of postmoem hypostasis in hydrogen sulphide poisoning is bluish green. It is an asphyxiant which inhibits cytochrome oxidase. Dr.Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 27th edition pg. 76,313. | 152,058 | medmcqa_train |
Pudendal nerve supplying motor pa to external sphincter is derived from : | S2-S3 roots There are two sphincters of the urethraa. Internal urethral sphincter (also k/a sphincter vesicae)- it is involuntary in nature- made up of smooth muscle- supplied by sympathetic nerves, from lower thoracic & upper lumbar segments of spinal cordb. External urethral sphincter (also k/a sphincter vesicae)- it... | 152,059 | medmcqa_train |
A male 45 year old presents to the clinic for routine checkup. He is a known case of hypertension and is under treatment. The clinician advises him to have a balanced diet involving which of the following fatty acids? | Long chain ω3 fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic (ALA) (found in plant oils), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) (found in fish oil) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) (found in fish and algal oils) have anti-inflammatory effects, perhaps due to their effects in promoting the synthesis of less inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes... | 152,060 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are long-acting reversible contraceptives except | Long-Acting Reversible ContraceptivesSeveral contraceptive methods are as effective as sterilization but are completely reversible. All have the impoant advantage of being "forgettable," that is, little is required of the user after the method is begun, very much in contrast to methods like the condom that must be used... | 152,061 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements about Menetrier's disease are true Except: | Answer is B (Usually increased acid secretion) Gastric acid secretion is usually reduced or absent because of replacement ofparictal cells' Harrison's Menetrier's disease carries an increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of stomach (premalignant) is associated with a protein losing enteropathy and may be confused ... | 152,062 | medmcqa_train |
Fleischer ring is due to | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 194)Some confusion exists between Fleisher rings and Kayser-Fleischer (KF) ring. Kayser-Fleischer (KF) rings are caused by copper deposits and are indicative of Wilson's disease, whereas Fleischer rings are caused by iron deposits and are indicative of... | 152,063 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice for detection and characterization of interstitial lung disease is: | Ans. is 'c' ie high Resolution CT Scan (Ref: CT and MR imaging of whole body, Haaga, 4/e, p838; Sutton, 7/e, p33)HRCT is the investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease.HRCT can even delineate the lung parenchyma down to the level of the secondary pulmonary lobule.Also Remember * Principles of HRCT*Thin secti... | 152,064 | medmcqa_train |
SLE mitral and tricuspid valve vegetations are? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Libmann sach's disease Endocarditis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Libman-Sach's Disease)Mitral and tricuspid valvulitis with small, sterile vegetations, called Libman-Sach's endocarditis, is occasionally encountered in systemic lupus erythematosus.Due to the use of steriods, the incidence of this c... | 152,065 | medmcqa_train |
Sympathetic system has adrenergic nerve endings at all sites except- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Blood vessels in skeletal muscles * Sympathetic adrenergic fibers are those which secrete endogenous catecholamines {either adrenaline, norepinephrine / nor-adrenaline or dopamine}* Some sympathetic fibers do not secrete catecholamines but secrete acetylcholine -i) Sweat glandsii) Blood vessels in ske... | 152,066 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the lateral curve position of the body in strychnine poisoning? | In strychnine poisoning, Convulsions are most marked in antigravity muscles resulting in hyperextension (opisthotonus). Sometimes, the spasm of the abdominal musclesmay bend the body forward (emprosthotonus) or sideways (pleurosthotonus). Ref: Krishnan vij ; 5th ed; Page no: 522 | 152,067 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient PO2 is 85 mmHg, PCO2 -- 50mmHg, pH is 7.2 and HCO3 is 32 meq/1 is suffering from : | Answer is A (Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis) Because primary respiratory component is causing acidosis and metabolic component is compensatory by producing alkaosis, the acid base disorder is Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis. STEP 1 : What is the pH. Normal pH pH of... | 152,068 | medmcqa_train |
Infant orthopedics in a cleft patient is done at the age of: | In patients with a bilateral cleft, the premaxillary segment is often displaced anteriorly while the posterior maxillary segments are lingually collapsed behind it. If this distortion is severe, surgical closure of lip, will become extremely difficult. So orthodontic intervention to reposition the segments and to bring... | 152,069 | medmcqa_train |
PUFA consumption is associated with- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lowering of serum cholesterol, lowering of LDL cholesterol "Diet rich in polyunsaturated essential fatty acids have been repoed to reduce the serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein". | 152,070 | medmcqa_train |
During incision & drainage of ischiorectal abscess, which nerve is/are affected/injured: | B i.e. Inferior rectal nerveThrough a posterior horse shoe shaped recess both ischiorectal fossae are connected behind the anal canal; so a unilateral abscess may become bilateral.During dissection of ischio rectal fossa, inferior rectal, pudendal, posterior scrotal or labial nerve & vessels along with perforating bran... | 152,071 | medmcqa_train |
Best surgical approach in accessing retrosternal goiter is: | Ans. (a) CervicalRef: Bailey and Love 27th Edition, Page 811Mediastinal goiter can be divided into* Primary - Only <1% of mediastinal goiters, arising from ectopic thyroid tissue in mediastinum with blood supply from mediastinal vessels.* Secondary - Majority of mediastinal goiters due to extension of thyroid from neck... | 152,072 | medmcqa_train |
Common fungus causing corneal ulcer is | Aspergillus causes respiratory diseases, disseminated aspergillosis in brain, kidney and hea, and superficial infection like sinusitis, otomycosis and mycotic keratitis. Sporothrix causes sporotrichosis - nodular ulcerative disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Mucor causes pulmonary and gastrointestinal mucormy... | 152,073 | medmcqa_train |
A 17 year old girl had been taking a drug for treatment of acne for the last 2 years, which has lead to pigmentation. Which drug could it be? | Minocycline is most commonly used for acne among tetracyclines The main effect of Minocycline- Hypersensitivity, Skin rashes, uicaria, glossitis, pruritus ani Complete cross-sensitization is exhibited by different tetracyclines. tetracyclines also cause Superinfection -They cause marked suppression of the resident flor... | 152,074 | medmcqa_train |
8.Mikulicz cell and russel bodies are characteristic of: | Rhinoscleroma: chronic granulomatous disease caused by gram negative bacteria klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Mikulicz or foam cells and russell bodies found in plasma cells. Ref.Dhingra 6/e p 156 | 152,075 | medmcqa_train |
Left gastric vein drains into: | B i.e. Poal vein-Left and right gastric veins drain directly into the poal veinQ.- Poal vein is formed by union of superior mesenteric & splenic veins behind the neck of pancreasQ at the level of L2 veebrae and runsupwards with bile duct & hepatic aery (related anteriorly)(2 and inferior i'ena cava (related posteriorly... | 152,076 | medmcqa_train |
A 35-year-old patient on USG shows 3 x 4 cm clear ovarian cyst on right side. Next line of management is; | A simple unilocular cyst measuring less than 5 cm can be observed with repeat ultrasound and CA-125 every 3 months.Many resolve in 6 months.A persistant cyst calls for its removal laparoscopically or by laparotomy.Aspiration of the cyst is contraindicated because of low yield of malignant cells and possibility of sprea... | 152,077 | medmcqa_train |
'Slapped cheeks' appearance is seen in: | C i.e. Erythema infectiosum | 152,078 | medmcqa_train |
Homocystein is not associated with ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hearing lossElevated level of homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is associated with -Thrombosis, coronary aery disease & stroke. Osteoporosis & fracture.Neuropsychiatric manifestations. Developmental delay.Visual disturbances. | 152,079 | medmcqa_train |
Most common type of Bening overian tumour during pregnancy is : | Simple serous cystoid | 152,080 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are features of musculocutaneous nerve injury at axilla except: | MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE INJURY Musculocutaneous nerve supplies coracobrachialis, the biceps brachii and the brachialis, Continued into the forearm as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Injury-loss of flexion of elbow, supination of forearm sensory loss on lateral aspect of forearm. Damaged in shoulder dislocati... | 152,081 | medmcqa_train |
Decreased vascularity of fibroid is seen with | GnRH analogues used for 6months reduce the size by 50-80%. It is also useful in reducing the vascularity besides size preoperatively and thus causing amenorrhoea which restores hb level. Ref:shaw's textbook of gynaecology;15th edition; Pg :359 | 152,082 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of osteoporosis includes - | General 1.Bedrest 2.Local heat 3.Analgesics 4.Exercise: Regular walking or other weight bearing exercise for 1 hour 3 times a week protects bone mass 5.Prevention of injury (most hip and wrist fractures are caused by falls). 6.Excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be avoided. B.Antiresorptive agents 1.Oe... | 152,083 | medmcqa_train |
Lymphatics of suprarenal gland drain into which lymph nodes | Venous drainage flows directly into the inferior vena cava on the right side and into the left renal vein on the left side. Lymphatics drain medially to the aoic nodes. Each adrenal gland is composed of two distinct pas: the adrenal coex and the adrenal medulla. The coex is divided into three zones. Ref - BDC 6e vol2 p... | 152,084 | medmcqa_train |
Which type of gout is seen in a patient who is on treatment of CML? | Secondary gout is related to medications or conditions that cause hyperuricemia, such as the Myeloproliferative diseases or their treatment. Causes of secondary gout: Lymphoproliferative/myeloproliferative disorders Chronic hemolytic anemias Secondary polycythemia Severe exfoliative psoriasis Gaucher's disease Cytotoxi... | 152,085 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following is true except aEUR' | In Brutons aganunaglobulinemia opsonisation is not affected [Ref : Harrison 171h/e p. 381; Bobbin's 7"Ve p. 60, 61, 62, 210, 591 During phagocytosis there is rapid respiratory burst which is brought about by rapid burst in the activity of NADPH oxidase. Increased NADPH oxidase activity leads to increased oxidative proe... | 152,086 | medmcqa_train |
Etomidate is not used for long term infusion because? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Results in adrenal suppression * Etomidate suppresses corticosteroid synthesis in the adrenal cortex by reversibly inhibiting 11 b-hydroxylase, which coverts 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol and by a relative minor effect on 17a - hydroxylase.* There is decreased synthesis of adrenal corticoids with incre... | 152,087 | medmcqa_train |
All cause malabsorption except: | Ascaris lumbricoides | 152,088 | medmcqa_train |
In twin pregnancy, treatment of choice when first baby is in transverse lie is : | Cesarean section | 152,089 | medmcqa_train |
Fibroblast proliferation is stimulated by? | “TFG-β is practically always involved as an important fibrogenic agent” - Robbins
• The most important fibrogenic mediator (causing fibrosis) is transforming growth factor- β. It induces the proliferation of fibroblasts, endothelial cells and specialized fibrogenic cells. It is chemotactic for fibroblasts, neutrophils,... | 152,090 | medmcqa_train |
One of the following features can be used to define contracted pelvis: | Minimal/Critical diameters of the Pelvis: If any of the following diameter is less than critical diameter, Pelvis is said to be contracted | 152,091 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about cysticercosis is true? | Human cysticercosis is acquired by ingesting T. solium tapeworm ova, from either contaminated fingers or food . The larvae are liberated from eggs in the stomach, penetrate the intestinal mucosa and are carried to many pas of the body, where they develop and form cysticerci, 0.5-1 cm cysts that contain the head of a yo... | 152,092 | medmcqa_train |
A 9-year-old male comes in for a routine physical examination. The pediatrician notices that the right testis is enlarged and without tenderness. The examination reveals following finding: This fluid most likely occupies which space? | The image shows the classical finding of transillumination seen in hydrocoele. A- Epididymis B- Cremasteric layer C- Tunica vaginalis D- External spermatic fascia This patient most likely has a hydrocele, which is a fluid collection in the tunica vaginalis. This is a congenital condition formed when the testis descends... | 152,093 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Neisseria gonorrhoeae except ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Gram positive cocci Gonocci are gram negative diplococci. Urethral stricture may occur as a complication of gonococcal urethritis. Gonococci may extend to seminal vesicle and epididymis, along the urethra. For uncomplicated gonorrhea, single dose of ceftriaxone is DOC. | 152,094 | medmcqa_train |
A 27 years old male unable to perform Sexual activity is:- | Spectrum of Disease: Disease - Any abnormal condition of an organism that Impairs function of a person. Impairment - Loss of anatomical / physio/ psycho function. Disability - Unable to carry out ceain activities considered normal for his age,sex etc. Handicap - Unable to perform social role. | 152,095 | medmcqa_train |
Jame Lind is related to the discovery of | James Lind was a pioneer of naval hygiene in the Royal Navy. By conducting the first ever clinical trial, he developed the theory that citrus fruits cured scurvy. He argued for the health benefits of better ventilation aboard naval ships, the improved cleanliness of sailors&; bodies, clothing and bedding, and below-dec... | 152,096 | medmcqa_train |
Manifestations of vitamin C deficiency are | In Vitamin C deficiency, bones are tender and the infant is reluctant to move his limbs, which are kept in a frog-like position. This may be mistaken for paralysis. Page 127, Ghai essential pediatrics; 6th edition | 152,097 | medmcqa_train |
20% loss of blood is supplemented by | (A) Colloids & Crystalloids > Ideally, blood loss should be replaced with crystalloid or colloid solutions to maintain intravascular volume (normovolemia) until the danger of anemia outweighs the risks of transfusion. At that point, further blood loss is replaced with transfusions of red blood cells to maintain hemoglo... | 152,098 | medmcqa_train |
Discoloration after death is first seen in? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dependent parts o It is seen on dependent parts of the body, therefore site depends upon position of body after death:1) In supine: On posterior dependent portion of body. But not seen on back of shoulder blades, buttocks and back of calves due to contact flattening, i.e. toneless capillaries are comp... | 152,099 | medmcqa_train |
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