query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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In Ghon's technique of autops, organs are removed | Refer the byte "Autopsy technique and types". | 158,300 | medmcqa_train |
Acrodynia is associated with: | Ans. (b) MercuryRef: The Essentials ofFSM by K.S. Narayan Reddy 31st ed. / 505MERCURY POISONING (HYPRAGYRISM)* Vapours of mercuric compounds are poisonous because it will be absorbed in the systemic circulation.* Mercuric compounds being soluble are more poisonous than mercurous (less soluble) compounds.Clinical Presen... | 158,301 | medmcqa_train |
Not true about hepatoblastoma | Ans. (b) Mature hepatocytes present(Ref: R 9th/pg 870)Histology of Hepatoblastoma can be of 2 types:Epithelial type, composed of small polygonal fetal cells or smaller embryonal cells forming acini, tubules, or papillary structuresMixed epithelial and mesenchymal type, which contains foci of mesenchymal differentiation... | 158,302 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with malabsorption who develops a deficiency of vitamin A is most likely to subsequently develop: | The symptoms of vitamin A deficiency result from abnormalities involving the normal functions of vitamin A. These normal functions include maintaining mucus-secreting epithelium, restoring levels of the visual pigment rhodopsin, increasing immunity to infections, and acting as an antioxidant. | 158,303 | medmcqa_train |
Young male scrotal swelling since 3 yrs on examination fluctuant swelling testis not separately felt. No trauma or fever. Diagnosis - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vaginal hydorcele o Vaginal hydroceleThis is common type of hydrocele; whee acumulation of fluid occurs between the layers of tunica vaginalis in scrotum. These may! be of Pvo types : Primary and secondary?In primary vaginal hydrocele, often there is not definite cause.Secondary vaginal hydrocele acco... | 158,304 | medmcqa_train |
A 7-year-old boy presents with, patchy hair loss, boggy scalp swelling and broken and fragmented hair follicles at the surface of the scalp resembling black dots. What is the next step in establishing a diagnosis: | The clinical picture is suggestive of Tinea capitis. Although culture is the gold standard in its diagnosis, KOH examination of the hair is the quick method to demonstrate spored and hyphae within and around the hair. Ref: Clinical Pediatric Dermatology By Thappa, Page 57-59, Elsevier India 2009 | 158,305 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following physiological event of cardiac cycle is responsible for QRS complex? | The P wave represents the wave of depolarization that spreads from the SA node throughout the atria. The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization. Ventricular rate can be calculated by determining the time interval between QRS complexes. The isoelectric period (ST segment) following the QRS is the time at whic... | 158,306 | medmcqa_train |
An accustomed way of doing things is known as: | Habit is an accustomed way of doing things. It is the usual way of action that can be performed without thinking. Chapter: Medicine and social sciences. Ref: Park 21st edition, page: 627. | 158,307 | medmcqa_train |
A neurosurgeon dropped his kid to the school then there he saw a child with uncontrollable laughing and precocious pubey. When he again went to the school in capital parents teachers meeting, he talked to the father of that boy and advised him to get an In1R1 done and the diagnosis was confirmed. What is the most proba... | Ans. a. Hypothalamic hamaoma Uncontrollable laughing and precocious pubey are suggestive of hypothalamic hamaoma. Hypothalamic Hamaoma Central precocious pubey staing before the age 3 years is often due to hypothalamic hamaomaQ . Seizures, especially laughing spells (gelastic seizures)deg are seen in children with hypo... | 158,308 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for Huntington's chorea is | Huntigton's chorea is characterized by dopaminergic overactivity and Tetrabenazine is a dopamine depleter which is the drug of choice for this condition. | 158,309 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is associated with > 20% risk of chromosomal anomalies: | Omphalocele | 158,310 | medmcqa_train |
What is the end product of catabolism of pyrimidine? | The end products of pyrimidine catabolism is CO2 and H2O. | 158,311 | medmcqa_train |
Most common ovarian tumour to undergo torsion is : | Dermoid cyst | 158,312 | medmcqa_train |
Iron supplements given for anemia,is which level of prevention | Early diagnosis and treatment of disease comes under secondary level of prevention | 158,313 | medmcqa_train |
Enzyme defect in Classic Phenylketonuria | Hyperphenylalaninemias arise from defects in phenylalanine hydroxylase (type I, classic phenylketonuria (PKU), frequency 1 in 10,000 bihs), in dihydrobiopterin reductase (types II and III), or in dihydrobiopterin biosynthesis (types IV and V).Ref: Harper&;s Biochemistry; 30th edition; Chapter 29 Catabolism of the Carbo... | 158,314 | medmcqa_train |
Length of Posterior vaginal wall is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., More than anterior vaginal wall o The anterior wall is about 8 cm long and the posterior wall is about 10 cm long.Vaginao The vagins is a fibromuscular, canal forming the female copulatory organ,o It extends from vulva to uterus.o Mucous membrane is lined by non keratinized stratified squamous epithel... | 158,315 | medmcqa_train |
A 34-year-old man is pushing some heavy weights while doing squats. Unfounately, while maxing out, he drops the weight and immediately grabs at his upper thigh, writhing in pain. The man is admitted to the emergency depament and during physical examination is diagnosed with a femoral hernia. What reference structure wo... | In a Femoral Hernia, abdominal contents are forced through the femoral ring, which is just lateral to the Lacunar Ligament (of Gimbernant) and just medial to the Femoral Vein. The Femoral Vein would be found immediately lateral to the Femoral Hernia. The adductor longus muscle as well as the pectineus muscle would be f... | 158,316 | medmcqa_train |
You are shown PA and lateral chest radiographs from a 53-year-old woman with mild dyspnea. Which one of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? | A. Incorrect. Mesothilioma appears as a rind of tissue that encircles the hemothorax. This features is not present in the provided images. B. Incorrect. Empyema demonstrates pleural effusion with air and or thickening of the pleura. These features are not present in the provided images. C. Incorrect. Bronchogenic carci... | 158,317 | medmcqa_train |
Which is most economical and best screening | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 137 High-risk or selective screening : Screening will be most productive if applied selectively to high-risk groups, the groups defined on the basis of epidemiological research. Types of screening : Mass screening. High-risk or selective screening. Multi-phasic screening. | 158,318 | medmcqa_train |
In a hea patient, contraceptive of choice is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sterilization o Sterilization & double barrier methods are the contraception of choice in hea patients. | 158,319 | medmcqa_train |
The peripheral nervous system develops primarily from: | The peripheral nervous system is mainly derived from the neural crest. The peripheral nervous system is primarily derived from the neural crest. Through migration and specialisation, cells of the neural crest develop into cranial, spinal, and visceral nerves and ganglia, suppo cells of the peripheral nervous system als... | 158,320 | medmcqa_train |
All are seen in treacher collin syndrome except | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Choanal atresia Treacher collins syndrome It is rare condition that presents several craniofacial deformities of different levels. This is a congenital malformation involving the first and second branchial arches. The disorder is characterized by abnormalities of the auricular pinna, hypoplasia of fac... | 158,321 | medmcqa_train |
Pringle maneuvar to arrest hehemorrhage is | Pringle manoeuvre is used to control hemorrhage by clamping the hepatoduodenal ligament and compressing the poal triad,thereby reducing aerial and venous inflow into the liver.But it doesn't control the backflow from inferior vena cava and hepatic veins. Reference: Bailey & Love's sho practise of surgery,25 th edition,... | 158,322 | medmcqa_train |
A girl presents with hyper pigmented skin lesions, precocious puberty and some bony lesion. what is the most probable diagnosis? | The image represents cafe - au - lait spots. Precocious puberty, bony lesion like fibrous dysplasia are seen in Mc cune Albright syndrome, | 158,323 | medmcqa_train |
Function of guardian of genome p53 is whicvh of the following? | D- Reduced cell mutation rate. P53 is an example of a pro-apoptotic gene k/a Guardian of Genome. If DNA is damaged / mutated p53, repairs it. But if defect is beyond repair - Activation of pro-apoptotic machinery - Apoptosis Result: - Reduced cell mutation rate The p53 protein is the central monitor of stress in the ce... | 158,324 | medmcqa_train |
Which valve is present at opening of nasolacrimal duct- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hasner's valve o Nasolacrimal duct opens into inferior meatus and is closed by a mucosal flap called Hasner's valve,o Heister valve (spiral valve) is present in cyclic duct. | 158,325 | medmcqa_train |
Surest proof of antemoem burn is | In case of burns, if death has occurred from suffocation,aspirated blackish coal paicles are seen in the nose,mouth,larynx,trachea,bronchi,oesophagus and stomach, and blood is cherry red. Presence of carbon paicles especially in the terminal bronchioles and an elevated CO saturation together are absolute proof that the... | 158,326 | medmcqa_train |
Most impoant step in the repair of an indirect inguinal hernia is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Narrowing of the internal ring | 158,327 | medmcqa_train |
Highest incidence of anemia in the tropics is due to - | Option 1 Chronic hookworm infection with heavy worm load: In the intestine, adult worms attach to intestinal villi with their buccal teeth and feed on blood and tissue with the aid of anticoagulants. A few hundred worms in the intestine can cause hookworm disease, which is characterized by severe anemia and iron defici... | 158,328 | medmcqa_train |
Dilatation of upper lobe veins is a reliable sign of: | Ans. Cardiac decompensation | 158,329 | medmcqa_train |
Pulmonary function abnormalities in interstitial lung diseases include all of the following except | A group of disorders that cause progressive scarring of lung tissue. Interstitial lung disease may be caused by long-term exposure to hazardous materials, such as asbestos or coal dust, or it can be caused by an auto-immune disease such as rheumatoid ahritis. Once lung scarring occurs, it's generally irreversible. Ref:... | 158,330 | medmcqa_train |
A smoker is worried about the side effects of smoking. But he does not stop smoking thinking that he smokes less as compared to others and takes a good diet. This thinking is called as: | Ans. a. Self-exemption (Ref: style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif">; Kaplan and Sadock 11/e p590)There are many psychological barriers that need to be overcome in order to successfully quit smoking. Self-exempting belief is one of them."Self-exempting beliefs: A large majorit... | 158,331 | medmcqa_train |
Number of ATP generated in one TCA cycle- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 10 o In a single TCA cycle 10 molecules of ATP are produced (12 molecules according to older calculations),o One turn of the TCA cycle, starting with acetyl Co A produces 10 ATPs. When the starting molecule is pyruvate, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruva... | 158,332 | medmcqa_train |
What is the X-ray diagnosis? | . | 158,333 | medmcqa_train |
A 26-year-woman undeakes a prolonged fast for religious reasons. Which of the following metabolites will be most elevated in his blood plasma after 3 days? | As he becomes progressively more starved, his liver will synthesize ketone bodies as an additional fuel for muscle, which cannot meet all of its energy needs from fatty acid metabolism. This spares glucose for the brain and red blood cells. Higher than normal quantities of ketone bodies present in the blood or urine co... | 158,334 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following processes is not a true component of swallowing? | The movement of the tongue against the palate is the only voluntary process among the four possible answers | 158,335 | medmcqa_train |
Glycogenin primer is glucosylated by: | Ans. A. UDP Glucose(Ref: Harper 31/e page 164)Glycogenin, a 37 kDa protein is glucosylated on specific tyrosine residue by UDP glucose.Glycogenenin catalyses transfer of 7 glucose residue from UDP-Glc, in l-4 linkage to form Glycogen primer.Further Glucose on glycogen primer are added by Glycogen Synthase to nonreducin... | 158,336 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of choice for stab injury caecum ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., ileo-transverse anastomosis These options mentioned in the question are of the year 1989; no longer seems to be valid. The management of Colonic injuries in latest edition of Schwaz is: Currently 3 methods for managing the colonic injuries are used? a. Primary repair (it includes lateral suture repair... | 158,337 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about break point chlorination, except - | The point at which the residual chlorine appears and when all combined chlorines have been completely destroyed is the breakpoint and the corresponding dosage is the breakpoint dosage. The breakpoint chlorination achieves the same result as superchlorination in a rational manner and therefore be constructed as controll... | 158,338 | medmcqa_train |
Acute Gouty ahritis is seen early in treatment following | Allopurinol REF: Goodman Gillman manual of pharmacology and therapeutics 2008 edition page 458 "The incidence of acute attacks of gouty ahritis mayincrease duringthe early months of allopurinol therapy as a consequence of mobilization of tissue stores of uric acid. Co-administration of colchicine helps suppress such ac... | 158,339 | medmcqa_train |
Renal autoregulation: | Ans. D. Minimizes the impact of changes in arterial blood pressure on renal Na+ excretionIn the autoregulatory range, vascular resistance falls when arterial blood pressure falls. Changes in vessel caliber primarily occur in vessels upstream to the glomeruli (cortical radial arteries and afferent arterioles). Because a... | 158,340 | medmcqa_train |
Xiphoid process fuses with sternum after: DNB 09 | Ans. 40 years | 158,341 | medmcqa_train |
Intercostal vessels and nerve runs in: | (Between the innermost intercostal and internal intercostal muscle) (208-BDC-l 4th) (57-Snell 7th)* Each intercostal space contains a large single posterior intercostal artery and two small anterior intercostal arteries.* The corresponding posterior intercostal vein drain backward into the azygos or hemiazygos vein and... | 158,342 | medmcqa_train |
Most common bone involved in haemangioma? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Veebrae Haemangioma This benign lesion, probably a hemaoma, is composed of vascular spaces lined by endothelial cells. They constitute 1-1.5% of all primary bone neoplasms. It has a peak incidence in the fifth decade (according to Maheshwari, young adults). About 50% of hemangiomas of bone occur in ve... | 158,343 | medmcqa_train |
Which agent is effective in killing spores? | Ans: D (Formaldehyde) Ref: Ammthanamyan R. Panther CKJ Textbook of Microbiology. 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press: 2009. Pg. 35-8Explanation:Formaldehyde is active against the amino group in the protein molecule.In aqueous solutions, it is markedly bactericidal and sporicidal and also has a lethal effect on v... | 158,344 | medmcqa_train |
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis is caused by | L. Brasiliensis causes Espundia (Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis). | 158,345 | medmcqa_train |
Amongst the following extrapyramidal side effect is commonest with which drug? | Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug and has negligible risk of extrapyramidal symptoms. Atypical antipsychotic drugs act by antagonistic actions at 5-HT2 and alpha receptors and may or may not possess D2 blocking activity. These drugs are less likely to cause extrapyramidal symptoms. However, most of these agen... | 158,346 | medmcqa_train |
Proteins can be separated by the following methods except: | Ans. C. Gas-liquid ChromatographySeparation of Plasma proteins by:a) Salting out method (using ammonium sulphate)Three proteins are separated- Albumins- Full Saturation- Globulins-Half Saturationb) Gas Liquid chromatography is used to separate volatile substances on heating. Therefore not used to separate proteins, bec... | 158,347 | medmcqa_train |
Civatte bodies are a feature of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lichen planus Civatte bodies (cytoid bodies/ colloid bodies/ hyaline bodies)* A characteristic histopathological feature of lichen planus* They are apoptotic basal cells present at dermo-epidermal junction and papillary dermis. Formed my macrophages engulfing the melanin.Other histopathological featur... | 158,348 | medmcqa_train |
PNH is associated with all of the following conditions, except : | Answer is D (Increased LAP scores) PNH is associated with a decreased Leukocyte Alkaline phosphase (LAP) score PNH: Paroxysmal Nuctunal haemoglobinuria: Review PNH is an Acquired Q Intracarpuscular (--) disorder, acquired at stern cell level (-) by loss characterised by undue sensitivity of red blood cell's membrane to... | 158,349 | medmcqa_train |
Winging of scapula which muscle is affected | Winging of scapulaIn this condition, the veebral border of scapula becomes more prominent when the patient tries to push against the wallIt occurs in paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle in long thoracic nerve palsy(Refer: Mohindra's Fundamentals of Ohopedics, 2nd edition, pg no. 268) | 158,350 | medmcqa_train |
Not a Radioprotector | BUDR is a Non-hypoxic cell Radiosensitizer. | 158,351 | medmcqa_train |
A 22 year old male following a spos trauma presented with pain and stiffness in the neck. On examination, the right shoulder is drooping . Which of the following muscle is likely to be paralysed? | Drooping of the shoulder is caused by paralysis of the trapezius. The trapezius is innnervated by spinal accessory nerve (CN XI). It causes retraction of scapula, shrugging of the shoulder and overhead abduction ( along with serratus anterior). Paralysis of trapezius causes drooping of shoulder and slight winging of sc... | 158,352 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements is true - | . Acute lymphoid leukemia in less than 1 year | 158,353 | medmcqa_train |
All are true regarding SCID except: | Ref: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. /9th Edition, Page:Explanation:"Marked accumulations of adenosinef 22 - deoxyadenosine. and 22 -O-methyladenosine lead directly or indirectly to T-cell apoptosis, which causes the immunodeficiency " (Ref: Nelson) Severe combined ImmuntKief'iciency (SCID)Both cellular and humoral im... | 158,354 | medmcqa_train |
Elimination after 4 half lives in first order Kinetics is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 93% Half life Elimination I t1/2 50% 2 0/2 75% 3 t1/2 87.5% 41% 93.75% 5 t1/2 96.875 | 158,355 | medmcqa_train |
Pemphigus vulgaris is caused by: | Ans: (c) AutoimmuneHarrison 19th ed. / 370# PEMPHIGUS* Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder* It results from the loss of integrity of normal intercellular attachments with the epidermis.* Commonly affects indiciduals of age between 40-60.* Equal prevalence among males and females.* There are five variants of ... | 158,356 | medmcqa_train |
The valve of Hasner is | Nasolacrimal duct (NLD) opens into the Inferior meatus through the Hasner`s valve.The direction of NLD--downward, backward, and laterally from the lacrimal sac to the nose, Length- 1.8 cmSphenoid sinus and posterior ethmoids open into the sphenoethmoidal recess (Superior meatus)Frontal, Maxillary and Anterior ethmoids ... | 158,357 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following conditions, the medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy is contraindicated: | Ans. is c, i.e. Presence of fetal heart activityRef Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 186; Leon Speroff 7/e, p 1287, 1288; Novak 14/e, p 624; Williams Gynae 7/e, p 166Methotrexate: It is a folic acid analogue which inhibits dehydrofolate reductaseQ and prevents synthesis of DNA.QCandidates for methotrexate (Williams 24/e, p 384, Table... | 158,358 | medmcqa_train |
In blood transfusion, blood group most impoant is | . Kell | 158,359 | medmcqa_train |
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is associated with: March 2005 | Ans. C: Hemolytic uremic syndrome Mechanism of HUS -RBCs damaged by injured vessel endothelium HUS is microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with fragmented RBC's in peripheral blood smear, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure Infection is the triggering factor and if associated indicates a poor prognosis | 158,360 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the main colonizer of sebaceous gland - | Propionibacterium acnes are the commonest agent causing acne in teenagers as it has affinity for sebaceous glands.
Lesions in acne develop with in the sebaceous follicle. | 158,361 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements are true about Benedikt's syndrome except | . *Benedikt's syndrome involve injury to red nucleus results in ipsilateral oculomotor palsy and contralateral tremor,chorea and athetosis. Benedikt's Syndrome describes an ipsilateral III nerve palsy accompanied by contralateral 'cerebellar' tremor - a slow rhythmic tremor of the contralateral hand and foot, increased... | 158,362 | medmcqa_train |
Bleeding ear discharge is mostly due - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glomus tumour Differential diagnosis of blood stained ear discharge :* ASOM* Acute mastoiditis* CSOM* Aural polyp* Granulations* Glomus tumor | 158,363 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is the treatment of choice for a 4cm retroperitoneal lymph node mass in a patient with non seminomatous germ cell tumor of the testis ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., High orchidectomy + RPLND | 158,364 | medmcqa_train |
In ERG 'A' waves corresponds to NOT RELATED-MEDICINE | ERGA wave Activity of rods and conesB wave Bipolar cellC wave Retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) | 158,365 | medmcqa_train |
Why a TB patient is recommend a regimen of 4 drugs on 1st visit - | Ans. is *a' i.e., To avoid emergence of persistors 6. Two phase chemotheraphyo There are two phase of treatment of tuberculosisIntensive phaseThis is short phase in the early course of treatment and lasts for 1-3 months.Three or more drugs are given to kill as many bacilli as possible, w hich prevents emergence of pers... | 158,366 | medmcqa_train |
Gallow's traction is used for fracture - | Gallows traction is used for treatment of fracture shaft femur, in infants and children < 2 yrs of age. | 158,367 | medmcqa_train |
Critical period of development of fixation reflex is | A. i.e. 2-4 months Unilateral cataract in children should be operated early in life because the critical period for development of fixation reflex is between 2" & 4th months of age.Q Age Visual Development At Bih * * * * Eye appear to move randomly & there is no central fixation Fovea is not fully developed & visual ac... | 158,368 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is involved in peristalsis by causing relaxation ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., VIP In peristlasis :- Acetylcholine & substance P - Causing smooth muscle contraction. VIP, NO & ATP - Producing relaxation ahead of stimulus. | 158,369 | medmcqa_train |
Function of phospholipid in cell membrance is: | B i.e. Transduction of signals | 158,370 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is an atypical antidepressant? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Venlafaxine Antidepressants A. Typical Tricyclic antidepressants NA + 5HT reuptake inhibitors :- Imipramine, Trimipramine, Amitriptyline, Clomipramine. Predominantly NA reuptake inhibitors :- Desipramine, Noriptyline, Amoxapine, Reboxetine. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors :- Fluoxetine, Paroxe... | 158,371 | medmcqa_train |
Surfactant deficiency causes ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Respiratory distress syndromeInfant respiratory distress syndrome is due to deficiency of surfactant. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (Dipalmitoyllecithin) is the major constituent of surfactant.SurfactantSurfactant is a Soap-like substance secreted by the type-II pneumocytes of the alveolar epithelium... | 158,372 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is seen in Churg-Strauss syndrome? | Churg-Strauss syndrome is a small vessel vasculitis. The acute presentation includes skin lesions, eosinophilia and asymmetric mononeuritis multiplex. There can be a prodromal period lasting many years in which the patient can have allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis and asthma. Treatment is by high dose steroids and cy... | 158,373 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following pontic designs require surgical procedure? | The ovate pontic is the pontic design that is most esthetically appealing. Its convex tissue surface resides in a soft tissue depression or hollow in the residual ridge, which makes it appear that a tooth is literally emerging from the gingiva.
Careful treatment planning is necessary for successful results. Socket-pre... | 158,374 | medmcqa_train |
Mild hoarseness with stridor is seen in: | (b) Bilateral abductor palsy(Ref. Current Diagnosis & Treatment Otolaryngology, Lalwani, 3rd ed., 478)Laryngomalacia and tracheal stenosis do not affect the VC hence voice remain normal in these though stridor is present. | 158,375 | medmcqa_train |
Bruxism occurs in _______ phase of sleep | Bruxism can occur in any stage of sleep or at arousal from sleep. It is most common in stage N1 and N2 and least common during REM sleep Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 721,722,723 | 158,376 | medmcqa_train |
An infant presents with hypotonia and hyporeflexia. During his intrauterine period there was polyhydramnios and decreased fetal movements. Most probable diagnosis is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spinal muscular atrophy o Out of the given options only spinal muscular atrophy is able to cause hypotonia and hyporeflexia during infancy. Rest of them either present late in childhood or do not give the symptoms. o Polyhydromnios and decreased fetal movements can occur in any neuromuscular disorder ... | 158,377 | medmcqa_train |
Sterilization control used in membrane filters is | Sterilization control for membrane filters is Brevundimonas diminuta and sarratia marcescens. | 158,378 | medmcqa_train |
Halo sign and handkerchief test are positive in- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CSF Rhinorrhoea Detection of CSF Leak in CSF Rhinorrhoea1) Biochemical testso Concentrations of Glucose are higher in CSF than in nasal discharge. Glucose value > 30-40 mg% protein value <100 mg % (max 200 mg %) support a diagnosis of CSF leako Presence of b2 transferrin is the most definitive test fo... | 158,379 | medmcqa_train |
Rotavirus vaccine- contraindication are all of the following EXCEPT? | ROTAVIRUS VACCINE- - Live oral vaccine - Given at 6,10 & 14 weeks (maximum age- 1 year) - Strain used- 116E strain of Indian origin - Contraindications: SCID Previous history of Intussusception / severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of the vaccine. | 158,380 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following prostaglandin analogues used in Glaucoma | (Latenoprost): Ref: 88-KDT, 394-Khurana 3rd (147-KDT 6th)* Prostagland analogues used in Peptic ulcer are - Misoprostol Enprostil, Rioprostil (588-KDT)* LATANOPROST (0.0005%) It is synthetic drug which is an ester analogue of prostagland in F2a* It acts by increasing uveoscleral outflow and by causing reduction in epis... | 158,381 | medmcqa_train |
Which can cause loose body in the joint - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., OA o Causes of loose bodies includei) Osteoarthritisiii) Osteochondral fracture (injury) v) Synovial chondromatosisii) Osteochondritis dessicansiv) Charcot's disease o Among these, osteochondral fracture causes single loose bodies, while all other can cause multiple loose bodies, maximum by synovial c... | 158,382 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is an example of disability limitation? | Resting affected limbs in neutral position Repeat from May 06 & 07 Disability limitation is the mode of intervention used if the patient presents in late pathogenic phase. The objective is to prevent the transition of the disease proecess from impairment to handicap. The sequence of events leading to disability and han... | 158,383 | medmcqa_train |
MRI is the investigation of choice in all of the following complications of CSOM except: | MRI gives little information in bone disease and is not useful in coalescent mastoiditis' in which CT scan would be the investigation of choice. It shows bone destruction and coalescence of mastoid air cells. In Bezold abscess, size, extent and location of abscess in soft tissues can be appreciated.Similarly, extradura... | 158,384 | medmcqa_train |
When launching a study, many respondents are invited, some of whom fail to come, this is called | . | 158,385 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with salicylic acid poisoning has the following arterial blood gas analysis report: pH = 7.12; PCO2 = 18 mmHg; HCO3 = 12 mmol/L. The resulting acid-base abnormality can be best labeled as: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosisRef. Harrison 17th/e p 288 & 16th/e p 2591, 266 (15th/e page 284, 286,187)Also see June 2000 Q. No. 94.In patients with salicylate poisoning, initially the acidic metabolites of salicylic acid accumulate and cause metabolic acidosis.This causes the following... | 158,386 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs is best for reducing pro teinuria in a diabetic patient? | ACE inhibitors like lisinopril, perindopril, ramipril and ARBs like losaan, telmisaan could decrease the incidence of diabetic nephropathy by decreasing protein levels in the urine especially albumin They r DOC for diabetes with HTN. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | 158,387 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for precocious pubey: | Treatment of precocious pubey: Rx the underlying cause Long acting GnRH analogues (Leuprolide) | 158,388 | medmcqa_train |
Awareness of having a disease is | Ans. a (Insight). (Ref. Psychiatry by Niraj Ahuja, 5th ed., 14, 41, 57, 72, 85, 95, 171)Term DefinitionPerseverationis persistent repetition of words beyond their relevance.Verbigerationis senseless repetition of same words or phrases.Delusionsare false unshakable belief in something that is not true.Insightis awarenes... | 158,389 | medmcqa_train |
Carbohydrate-related to blood grouping? | The major blood groups of this system are A, B, AB, and O.O type RBCs lack A or B antigens. These antigens are carbohydrates attached to a precursor backbone, may be found on the cellular membrane either as glycosphingolipids or glycoproteins, and are secreted into plasma and body fluids as glycoproteins. H substance i... | 158,390 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following factors decrease the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of an inhalational anaesthetic agent except | MINIMUM ALVEOLAR CONCENTRATION: The MAC of an inhaled anesthetic is the alveolar concentration that prevents movement in 50% of patients in response to a standardized stimulus (eg, surgical incision). MAC is a useful measure because it mirrors brain paial pressure, allows comparisons of potency between agents, and prov... | 158,391 | medmcqa_train |
A 27-year-old patient with a chief complaint of mild veigo of 3-months duration is seen by a neurologist. Examination reveals a positional (horizontal and veical) nystagmus that is bidirectional. The patient repos the absence of tinnitus. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of veigo? | Pathologic veigo is generally classified as peripheral (labyrinthine) or central (brainstem or cerebellum).The clinical presentation, in this case, is most consistent with central veigo. Positional (especially horizontal) nystagmus (to-and-fro oscillation of the eyes) is common in the veigo of central origin, but absen... | 158,392 | medmcqa_train |
Cephalosporin that does not require dose reduction in patient with any degree of renal impairment is: | CEPHALOSPORINS These are a group of semisynthetic antibiotics derived from &;cephalosporin-C&; obtained from a fungus Cephalosporium. They are chemically related to penicillins; the nucleus consists of a P-lactam ring fused to a dihydrothiazine ring, (7-aminocephalosporanic acid). By addition of different side chains a... | 158,393 | medmcqa_train |
Germ cell tumor(s) of paediatric includes all except? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Leydig cell tumor Germ cell tumors o Germ cell tumors, as the name suggests, arise from Primordial germ cells (Precursor germ cells or gametocytes), o Germ cells develops early in life. In growing fetus, germ cells migrate from their point of origin to the gondal area. o Germ cells that still have to ... | 158,394 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding the action of Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH) all are true, except: | ADH/Vasopressin is stored in the posterior hypothalamus and is released into the blood stream when the effective osmotic pressure of plasma is increased above 285mOsm/kg. Its secretion is regulated by osmoreceptors located in the anterior hypothalamus. Vasopressin secretion is increased in: Increased effective osmotic ... | 158,395 | medmcqa_train |
The medium of choice culturing yeast form of dimorphic fungi is: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., SDA with antibioticsSDA with antibiotics (Chloramphenicol) is always preferred over plain SDA to avoid bacterial contamination and make it more selective. | 158,396 | medmcqa_train |
True statements regarding DMPA includes all the following except : | Risk of endometrial cancer is substantially reduced by past use of DMPA Noncontraceptive benefits of DMPA:Anemia, PID, Ectopic pregnancy, and Endometrial cancer are repoedDMPA benefits women with sickle cell diseaseRef: Novak and Bereks Gynecology; 15th Edition; Chapter 10 | 158,397 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not come in contact with anterolateral surface of left kidney? | A small medial area of the superior pole is related to the left suprarenal gland. Approximately the upper two-thirds of the lateral half of the anterior surface is related to the spleen. A central quadrilateral area lies in contact with the pancreas and the splenic vessels. Above this a small variable triangular region... | 158,398 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is TRUE regarding classical spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ? | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of the potentially lethal complications of cirrhosis and is defined as infected ascites in the absence of any recognizable secondary cause of infection. .UGI bleeding and abdominal pain were the most common presenting symptoms of SBP SBP is an acute ascites infection an as... | 158,399 | medmcqa_train |
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