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What is placed during surgery for cochlear implant?
Microphone, Speech-processor and Transmitter are the pa of external component of cochlear implant, which remain outside the body. Receiver/Stimulator (Implanted under the skin) and Electrode array (implanted in the scala tympani of the cochlea) are the pa of internal component of cochlear implant, which are fitted insi...
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medmcqa_train
Abductor muscle of vocal cord is
movement and muscle: 1. elevation of larynx: thyrohyoid, mylohyoid 2. Depression of larynx: sternothyroid, sternohyoid 3. Opening inlet of larynx: thyroepiglottic 4.abductor of vocal cords: posterior cricoarytenoid only 5. Adductor of vocal cords: lateral cricoarytenoid and transverse and oblique arytenoids Ref BDC vol...
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medmcqa_train
A hypeensive pregnant woman at 34 weeks comes with history of pain in abdomen, bleeding per vaginum and loss of fetal movements. On examination the uterus is contracted with increased uterine tone. Fetal hea sounds are absent. The most likely diagnosis is :
Ans. is d i.e. Abruptio placenta
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Choking is seen in: AIIMS 12; COMEDK 15
Ans. Shotgun
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High dose methotrexate is used for the treatment of(REPEAT)
Ref: Harrison's 17th/612 Drugs used for osteosarcoma are: Doxorubicin Ifosfamide Cisplatin High dose methotrexate with leucovorin
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medmcqa_train
Following is true about the benefits of hormone replacement therapy except -
Airs. is 'a' i.e., 40 - 50% improvement in vasomotor symptoms Benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)o improvement of vasomotor symptoms (70-80%)o Imporvement urogenital atrophyo increase in bone mineral density (2-5%)o Decreased risk in vertebral and hip fractures (25-50%)o Reduction in colorectal cancer (20%)o ...
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medmcqa_train
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is associated with?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is associated with copper zinc superoxide dismutase gene mutation(SOD 1).
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Tentative cuts are seen in: September 2011
Ans. B: Suicidal deaths Hesitation cuts derive their name from the hesitation with which these incisions are inflicted by a person intending to commit suicide by a cutting instrument. The preliminary cuts are known as tentative cuts Hesitation cuts are not found in homicidal assaults Hesitation/ tentative wounds They a...
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Post term labour is seen in :
Anencephaly
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Mean half life of oxytocin?
Oxytocin has a half life of approximately 3-5 minutes.
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Which analgesic is not used in Acute myocardial infarction -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pentazocine Its use is associated with tachycardia & rise in BP is due to sympathetic stimulation. This increases cardiac work and hence is better avoided in coronary ischemia and myocardial infarction. Note - Petnidine also causes tachycardia (anticholinergic action) --> contraindicated in MI.
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Which is not a pa of HACEK?
This is a group of small gram-negative rods that have in common the following: slow growth in culture, the requirement for high CO2 levels to grow in culture, and the ability to cause endocarditis. They are members of the human oropharyngeal flora and can enter the bloodstream from that site. The name "HACEK" is an acr...
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medmcqa_train
Absence of myenteric ganglion is seen in ?
Answer 'c' i.e. Hirschprung's disease
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What is angle of detion in Infantile Esotropia
Convergent squint - Inward detion of the eye and is the most common type of squint in children Convergent squint is classified into following type I. Infantile squint Age of onset is usually 2-4 months of age but occur any time in first 6 months of life Angle of detion is usually constant and fairly large > 35' Amblyop...
16,613
medmcqa_train
which is the drug which causes cheese reaction
MAOI * IMPOANCE First class of antidepressant drugs that were introduced * MECHANISM There are three monoamines namely dopamine, adrenaline and serotonin. These mon amines are degraded by monoamine oxidase. MAOI inhibit this enzyme and acts increasing monoamines * DRUGS Phenelezine Tranylcipromine * USE ATYPICAL DEPRES...
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medmcqa_train
Enzymes involved in PUFA synthesis
The biosynthesis of PUFAs involves the introduction of double bonds (desaturation) in the aliphatic chain of a fatty acid and the extension (elongation) by two carbon units, of the acyl chain. So, the biosynthetic pathway involves the alternate action of enzymes currently named desaturases and elongases. Fatty acid sub...
16,615
medmcqa_train
The “Position” of proximal locks refers to:
There are four characteristics or determinants of proximal locks: Position. Translation. Depth. Occlusogingival orientation. Position refers to the axiofacial and axiolingual line angles of initial tooth preparation (0.2 mm axial to DEJ). It is important to note that the retention locks should be placed 0.2 mm insid...
16,616
medmcqa_train
Macular involvement is common in
Decreased visual acuity may occur as a result of macular involvement or severe vitreous inflammation. ... An active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis is whitish and moderately exudative with ill-defined borders and involves the macula in a majority of patients. Ref khurana 6/e
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A 10 month old child presents with two weeks history off fever, vomiting and alteration of sensorium Cranial CT scan reveals basal exudates and hydrocephalus, the most likely etiological agent is –
Insiduous /gradual onset of fever over a duration of two weeks, with features of raised intracranial tension in the form of vomiting and altered sensorium with characteristic basal exudates and hydrocephalus on cranial CT scan are almost characteristic of tuberculous meningitis. TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS Tuberculous men...
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Extrapyramidal side-effect least seen with ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Clozapine o Antipsychotics with no extrapyramidal effects. 1. Clozapine 2. Aripiprazole 3. Quetiapine o Amongst typical antipsychotics, thioridazone has least extrapyramidal effects.
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Most suitable method of treating 4 inch size episiotomy hematoma is by :
Evacuation
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Which of the following corneal dystrophies is an autosomal recessive condition
CORNEAL DYSTROPHIES CLASSIFICATION Dystrophies are classified according to the anatomic site most severely (primarily) involved, as follows: I. Anterior dystrophies (superficial dystrophies) It primarily affecting epithelium and Bowman&;s layer. 1. Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy 2. Reis-Buckler&;s dystrophy. 3....
16,621
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Burkitts lymphoma is caused by -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., EBV Burkitts lymphomao Burkitt's lymphoma is a B-cell lymphoma arising from germinal center B-cells. As this a tumor of mature B-cells it expresses IgM, CD19, CD20, CD10 and BCL 6 a phenotype consistent with a B-cell origin. However, unlike other tumors of germinal center origin, Burkitt lymphoma almo...
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When a child is not able to perform the following motor functions such as skipping, walking on heels, hopping in place or going forwards in tandem gati, his motor development is considered to be below –
A child hops on one foot by 4 years and skips by 5 years. As this child can not hop, the age of this child is less than 4 years.
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Vit. A deficiency is characterized by all except
Deficiency of Vitamin A The signs of vitamin A deficiency are predominantly ocular. They include nightblindness, conjunctiva) xerosis, Bitot's spots, corneal xerosis and keratomalacia. The term "xerophthalmia" (dry eye) comprises all the ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency ranging from nightblindness to kerat...
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Calcium channel blockers are used in all, except?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sick sinus syndrome
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Investigation of choice for spinal tuberculosis -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., MRIInvestigations in musculoskeletal systemo Investigation of choice for AVN Hip - MRIo Best initial test for osteomyelitis - Plain x-rayo Best second line test for osteomyelitis (if there is high clinical suspician and x-ray is negative) - MRIo Most accurate diagnostic test for osteomyelitis - Bone b...
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A woman runs a marathon in 90degF weather and replaces all volume lost in sweat by drinking distilled water. After the marathon, she will have
By sweating and then replacing all volume by drinking H2O, the woman has a net loss of NaCl without a net loss of H2O. Therefore, her extracellular and plasma osmolarity will be decreased, and as a result, water will flow from extracellular fluid (ECF) to intracellular fluid (ICF). The intracellular osmolarity will als...
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medmcqa_train
A 7 month old boy is brought to pediatrics emergency by his parents with chief complaints of runny nose, cough and failure to thrive. On examination, the following lesion is noted with absence of tonsils and lymph nodes. Chest x ray is performed with following findings. Laboratory tests revealed marked lymphopenia. The...
The failure to thrive, thrush and CXR with symmetrical interstitial radio-opacities-likely pneumonia. As patient is improving with TMP-SMX , it is s/o pneumocystis jerovecii as diagnosis. The differential diagnosis are: HIV infection SCID Bare lymphocyte syndrome Ataxia telengectasia Atypical digeorge syndrome(thymic a...
16,628
medmcqa_train
A 32-year-old man underwent laparotomy for trauma because of multiorgan injuries. He was discharged after 2 weeks in the hospital only to be readmitted after 3 days because of abdominal pain and sepsis. The CT scan showed an accumulation of fluid in the subhepatic space. This space is likely to be directly involved fol...
Subhepatic space infection usually occurs after surgery or peritonitis in the supracolic compartment. It is an unlikely complication of biliary pancreatitis. Infections in the subhepatic space may extend to the infracolic compartment via the paracolic gutter (of Morrison). This implies a perforation of the stomach.
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Tuberculosis of spine best diagnostic modality is:
Tissue diagnosis is always preferred over any radiological diagnosis hence CT guided biopsy to obtain tissue and then fuher investigations to grow the organisms is the preferred approach. MRI is best Radiological investigation But best investigation overall for infections or tumors is always biopsy.
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Urge urinary incontinence is
Urge urinary incontinence is urinary leakage preceeded by strong desire to void.
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In adults , blood culture ratio of blood to reagent is -
Blood Culture - For Adults ,the blood is inoculated into the bottle containing blood culture medium in a blood to broth ratio of 1:10 In case of children, where the amount of blood drawn is little , a ratio of 1:5 may be achieved.
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NREM Sleep true is -
Bruxism (teeth grinding) is seen during NREM sleep. All other options are disorders of REM sleep.
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Which is true about salmonella gastroenteritis?
Ans. is None In salmonella gasteroenteritis:- i) Diarrhea is nonbloody (option a is incorrect). ii) It is due to invasion of bowel mucosa, not toxin mediated (option b is incorrect). iii) It is diagnosed by isolation of organism from stools (option c is incorrect). iv) Fever is one of the commoner symptom (option d is ...
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Glucocoicoids given to a case of Preterm Labour help in reducing all of the following neonatal complications except :
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
16,635
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Capgras syndrome is?
Ans is 'c' i.e. Delusion of double Delusion of misidentificationA. Capgras syndrome (Delusion of double): - Belief that a familiar person has been replaced by an exact double i.e. an impostor.B. Fregoli syndrome: - Belief that a complete stranger is actually a familiar person already known to one.Also remember* Othello...
16,636
medmcqa_train
Balanced force technique can be described as:
Balanced Force Technique Balanced force technique was introduced by Roane et al, in 1985. In this technique, flex-R-files, flex-O files, or any other flexible files with a modified non-cutting tip are used. Positioning and preloading an instrument with a clockwise rotation and shaping with a counter clock wise rotatio...
16,637
medmcqa_train
Pearson's Skewness Coefficient is given BY
SKEWNESS: * Is measure of asymmetry of a probability distribution of a random variable * Measures of skewness: - - Pearson's mode or First Skewness coefficient = (Mean - Mode) /SD - - Pearson's median or second Skewness coefficient = 3 (Mean - Median) /SD - - Quaile skewness = ( Q3-2Q2 + Q1)/Q3 - Q1
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medmcqa_train
Arterial O2 content is reduced in one of the following
Ans. (b) Anemic hypoxia(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.646)Characterized by reduction in hemoglobin concentration and decline in the O2 -carrying capacity of the blood (reduced arterial O2 content)Anemic hypoxia is seen in Carbon monoxide poisoning and methemoglobinemia
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LVH is commonly seen with :
Answer is C (Aoic incompetance) 195.Aoic regurgitation is associated with LV dilatation, LV hyperophy and LVfitilure AR The total volume ejected by the ventricle (forward stroke + volume of blood that regurgitates back into L.V.) is increased in A.R. Also, here, the entire L.V. stoke volume is ejected into a high press...
16,640
medmcqa_train
Lipoprotein involved in reverse cholesterol transpo?
The HDL paicles are referred to as scavengers because their primary role is to remove free (unesterified) cholesterol from the extrahepatic tissues. HDL paicles transpo cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues to liver (i.e. reverse cholesterol transpo) which is then excreted through bile. Reverse cholesterol transpo All ...
16,641
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is a byproduct of hydrogenation of vegetable oils?
Trans fatty acids are isomers of cis fatty acids which are found in naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids. They are formed during hydrogenation of vegetable oils in the production of margarine. The configuration of groups in a trans fatty acid is such that the acyl chains are on the opposite side of the double bo...
16,642
medmcqa_train
Which among the following is the least common symptom of Wilms tumour?
After neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor is the second most common abdominal tumor in children. Symptoms consist of abdominal enlargement in 60%; pain in 20%; hematuria in 15%; malaise, weakness, anorexia, and weight loss in 10%; and fever in 3%. Hypeension is noted in over half of patients. Ref: Albanese C.T., Sylvester K.G. ...
16,643
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All of the following coical areas contribute fibers to the coicospinal tract, EXCEPT:
Coicospinal and coicobulbar tract neurons are pyramidal shaped and located in layer V of the cerebral coex. About 31% of the coicospinal tract neurons are from the primary motor coex. The premotor coex and supplementary motor coex account for 29% of the coicospinal tract neurons. The other 40% of coicospinal tract neur...
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Azidothymidine (Zidovudine), commonest side effect is
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Macrocytic anaemia "The most common adverse effect of zidovudine is myelosuppression, resulting in macrocytic anemia (1-4%) or neutropenia (2-8%)". So most common side effect of zidovudine is neutropenia (2-8%) followed by macrocytic anemia (1-4%). Other side effects are - nausea, anorexia, headache, ...
16,645
medmcqa_train
True regarding felty's syndrome is all, EXCEPT:
Ans. is 'd' Nephropathy Felly's syndrome consists ofChronic rheumatoid arthritis*Splenomegaly*Neutropenia*Sometimes anaemia or thrombocytopenia may be associated with Felty's syndrome.Patients with Felty's syndrome frequently have high litre of Rheumatoid factor*
16,646
medmcqa_train
A 9-year-old boy presents to the clinic for evaluation of easy bruising. Investigations confirm the diagnosis of hemophilia A. Which of the following is the most common presentation of hemophilia A?
The most common presentation is hemarthrosis with pain in a weight-bearing joint such as the hip, knee, or ankle. Hematuria is also common. Bleeding can occur at almost any site without prior trauma.
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One-third of the Rajya Sabha member's retire every?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Two years
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Which of the following is not a cholinergic agent
Ref: HL sharma 3rd ed pg no: 545 Piracetam, aniracetam are nootropic agents(sma drugs) used in Alzheimer's remaining drugs increase cholinergic activity in Alzheimer's
16,649
medmcqa_train
A 3 year old male baby presents to Casualty with complaints of sudden onset of stridor. A foreign body is visualised in the upper airway. Next line of management
In case of a foreign body in upper airway, if visualised - Foreign body removal using Magill's forceps If not visualised - Heimlich's maneuver.
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medmcqa_train
Dumping syndrome is due to -
Dumping syndrome refers to a constellation of post-prandial symptoms occurring due to accelerated emptying (dumping) of hyperosmolar stomach contents into the small bowel. It is usually seen in operation which destroys the pyloric sphincter (i.e. gastrectomy, antrectomy and drainage procedures). It also affects a small...
16,651
medmcqa_train
A primigravida female at term presents to the clinic with labor pains. Which of the following is a sure sign of labour?
Formation of bag of waters is almost a ceain sign of onset of labour. During dilatation of the cervical membrane the unsuppoed lower pole of the fetal membranes tends to bulge into the cervical canal. It is called bag of waters when this bulging membrane contains amniotic fluid. When uterine contractions occur this bag...
16,652
medmcqa_train
Most common trisomy among following is -
The most common abnormalities of chromosome number are 'trisomies' -Nelson The most frequent and best known trisomy in humans is trisomy 21 or Down's syndrome - Nelson
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All are true about coarctation of aorta except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Boot shaped heart is a featureCoarctation of aortao Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is a constriction of aorta due to sharp indentation involving anterior, lateral and posterior wall of aorta.o The medial wall is spared in the narrowing.o 98% of coarctation occur just below the origin of left subclavian oc...
16,654
medmcqa_train
Which screening test is not done in pregnant women?
Ans: b (Hep A) Ref: Dutta, 6th ed, p. 99Routine investigations done during antenatal checkup1. Blood grouping. VDRL, RBS( only in selected cases)2. Urine routine-- protein, sugar and pus cells.3. Cervical cytology in selected cases.Special investigations in pregnancy1. Serological tests for rubella. Hep B and HIV (with...
16,655
medmcqa_train
Pearson's formula is used for -
STATURE * The most common method used- linear regression. * With this technique, the known statures of adults in a given population are plotted against the lengths of skeletal elements and the best lines are fitted to the scatter plots * Various regression formulae for calculating height have been compiled, based on a ...
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Non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker is
Non depolarising neuromuscular blocker is competitive antagonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptor. It doesn’t cause fasciculations . it is reversed by neostigmine.
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All of the following are autosomal dominant, except:
Ans. b. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Autosomal dominant "Very Powerful DOMINANT Humans" V- Von willibrands disease/ Von hippel lindau P - Pseudo hypoparathyroidism D - Dystrophia myotonica O - Osteogenesis imperfecta/Osler-weber-rendu M - Marfans syndrome I - Intermittent porphyria N - Neurofibramatosis A - Achondrop...
16,658
medmcqa_train
A 23 year old female with type I diabetes presented with 6 weeks of amenorrhea. Her urine pregnancy test turned to be positive. Her sugar levels are not in control. The child may have all of the following abnormalities, EXCEPT:
Diabetes is not associated with increased risk for fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Congenital malformations in infants of women with ove diabetes: Caudal regression Situs inversus Spina bifida, hydrocephaly, or other central nervous system defects Anencephaly Cardiac anomalies Anal/rectal atresia Renal anomalies Agene...
16,659
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is involved in peristalsis by causing relaxation
The release of NO and VIP (Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) from the cholinergic neurons passing in an anterograde direction relaxes the segment of the intestine ahead of the stimulus. Peristalsis involves the contraction of a segment of intestine behind the bolus of food and relaxation of a segment behind the bolus ...
16,660
medmcqa_train
A postmortem clot is most likely to
The postmortem clot is usually rubbery, gelatinous, and lacks fibrin strands and attachments to the vessel wall. Large postmortem clots may have a “chicken fat” appearance overlying a dark “currant jelly” base.
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After doing a graft repair of a thoracoabdominal aneurysm, the patient developed weaknesss in both legs. Most probable cause for this is:
Ans is 'c' i.e. Discontinuation of aeria radicularis magna The Aeria Radicularis Magna (aery of Adamkiewicz) is the main source of blood supply to the anterior spinal aery in the thoracolumbar segment of the spinal cord. It arises from either one of the lower posterior intercostal aeries (T9-11), or of the subcostal ae...
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Dead layer of epidermis -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Stratum corneum o Stratum basale, stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum, together form the living layer and constitute the site of synthesis of keratin (Keratin is mostly synthesized in stratum spinosum). o Stratum corneum is the dead layer Layers of the epidermis (From deep to superficial) In palm ...
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Cocket & Dodd's operation is for -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Subfascial ligation
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Which of the following is anti-inflammatory?
The following are the anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL-10 TGF-b IL-4 IL-13 Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 IL-6 TNF-Alpha Major anti-inflammatory cytokines include interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-11, and IL-13. Specific cytokine receptors for IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-18 als...
16,665
medmcqa_train
Chemoprophylaxis can be done for all of the following infections, except:
Typhoid can be prevented by immunization not with chemoprophylaxis. But immunization does not give 100 per cent protection from Typhoid. Cholera, meningitis and diphtheria can be prevented using chemoprophylaxis. Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 19th Edition, Pages 106, 197
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Space of Disse contains all EXCEPT
Kupffer cells are present in Sinusoids - they give Pseudopodia which passes through fenestrated endothelium of sinusoids into Space Of Disse.
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Peptic ulcer is associated with all except:
Peptic ulcer is seen in Zollinger Ellison Syndrome, Cirrhosis and Hyperparathyroidism.
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Radical dissection of neck includes all except ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Phrenic nerves
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Woolsoer&;s disease is
Pulmonary anthrax : Common among workers of the wool factory due to inhalation of spores from infected wool. Hemorrhagic pneumonia with a high fatality rate. Hemorrhagic meningitis may occur as a complication. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and paniker's; 10th edition; Page no: 250
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Blount's disease is associated with all of the following, except -
Blount&;s disease is tibia vara, deformity is noticeably worse than in physiological bow legs & may include internal rotation of tibia ; in worst cases there may be lateral subluxation of tibia; there genu recurvatum (hyperextension of the knee ) REF:apley ,9th edition, pg.no.557
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&;Tennis elbow', is characterized by -
Tennis elbow is also known as lateral epicondylitis . It is a condition characterised by pain and tenderness at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus due to non specific inflammation at the origin of the extensor muscles of forearm. Although it is sometimes seen in tennis players, other activities such as squeezing clo...
16,672
medmcqa_train
Non-immune hydrops fetalis is due to all except :
ABO incompatibility
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A malignant pustule is seen in infection with
Cutaneous anthrax: caused by Bacillus anthracis. The lesion stas as a papule 1-3 days after infection and becomes vesicular, containing fluid which may be clear or bloodstained. The whole area is congested and edematous and several satellite lesions filled with serum or yellow fluid are arranged around a central necrot...
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Gasterointestinal enteritis necroticans is caused by -
Ans is 'b' i.e. Cl. perfringens Necrotising enteritis (enteritis necroticans or Pigbel) is caused by Cl. perfringens.
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Upturned Moustache sign or Antler sign is seen in
Mitral stenosis leads to increased left atrial and hence pulmonary venous pressures. The prominence of pulmonary veins on chest X-rays leads to Upturned Moustache sign or Antler sign.
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All of the following are true about neuroblastoma except?
Cafe au lait spots are associated with neurofibromatosis.
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A child with pneumonia shows the following chest X-ray. Which of the following could be the most common underlying causative organism?
* CXR shows consolidation in lung fields with pneumatocele: seen in Staphylococcal pneumonia
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Admission rate bias is?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Berksonian bias Selection bias Selection biases are distoion that result from procedure used to select subjects and from factors that influence study paicipation. Groups to be compared are differentially susceptible to the outcome even before the experimental maneuver is performed. Selation bias may b...
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Which of the following anti tubercular drug requires dose adjustment in renal failure:
Ref: Katzung's Pharmacology, 14th ed. pg. 846* Dose of Ethambutol: 15-25mg/kg OD dose.* About 20% drug is excreted in feces and 50% in urine in unchanged form.* Ethambutol accumulates in renal failure, and the dose should be reduced by half if creatinine clearance is less than 10mL/min.* Side effect: Most common seriou...
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Which of the following aeries gives blood supply to the ductus deferens?
D i.e. Superior vesicle aery Vas (ductus) deferens is 45 cm long muscular tube which conveys sperms from epidytlimis to ejaculatory duct. It receives blood from its own aery (i.e., aery to ductus deferens) which usually arises from superior vesical aeryQ (but may occasionally arise from inferior vesical aery). Aery to ...
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Antidote of Heparin is:
Protamine sulphate
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A person with type 1 diabetes ran out of her prescription insulin and has not been able to inject insulin for the past 3 days. An overproduction of which of the following could cause a metabolic acidosis?
Ketone bodies are weak acids. In diabetic ketoacidosis, the liver produces ketone bodies, which will reduce the brain's dependency on glucose as its sole energy source. This is due to the lack of insulin and the liver switching to starvation mode owing to the constant signaling by glucagon. Hb in the red blood cells an...
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In sickle cell anemia all are true except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ringed sideroblast Laboratory findings of sickle cell anemia :-o Moderate to severe anaemia,o Peripheral smear will showSickle cellsTarget cellsHowell-Jolly bodies because of autosplenctomy.o A postive sickling test with a reducing substance like sodium metabisulfite.o Sickle cell anemia is caused by ...
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New DNA synthesis occurs in
During this phase, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis.There are three stages of interphaseG1 (Gap 1), in which the cell grows and functions normally. During this time, a high amount of protein synthesis occurs and the cell growsSynthesis (S), in which the cell duplicates its DNA ( semi-conservative repl...
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The laryngeal mask airway used for securing the airway of a patient in all of the following conditions except
LMA does not prevent Aspiration of gastric contents.also not used in pregnancy , oropharyngeal mass, obesity
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Most common site of ulcerative colitis is ?
<p>Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. *ulcerative colitis invariably involves the rectum and spread proximally in continues manner it involves the entire colon in some cases.</p>
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Alkali denaturation test (ADT) test is for:
B i.e. Fetal HbAlkali denaturation test (ADT) - done for fetal hemoglobin. HbF is alkali denaturation resistantQ.
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A 30-year old male is having Attic cholesteatoma of left ear with lateral sinus thrombophlebitis. Which of the following will be the operation of choice
Canal wall down procedures: They leave the mastoid cavity open into modified the external auditory canal so that the disease area is fully exteriorised. The commonly performed operations for the atticoantral disease are atticotomy, radical mastoidectomy and rarely, the radical mastoidectomy. ( Ref: Textbook of diseases...
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All of the statement about H1 anti histaminics are true except -
Ans-D
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A 4-year-old boy presents with a history of constipation since the age of 6 months. His stools, produced every 3 to 4 days, are described as large and hard. His growth velocity is normal. Physical examination is normal; rectal examination reveals a large ampulla, poor sphincter tone but present anal wink, and stool in ...
The radiograph demonstrates a stool-filled megacolon. Finding a dilated, stool-filled anal canal with poor tone on the physical examination of a well-grown child supports the diagnosis of functional constipation. Hirschsprung disease is usually suspected in the chronically constipated child despite the vast majority of...
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A male born at term after an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor and delivery develops severe respiratory distress within a few hours of bih. Results of routine culture were negative. The chest roengogram reveals a normal hea shadow and fine reticulonodular infiltrates radiating from the hilum. ECHO findings reveal no abnor...
Answer is.A (Neonatal Alveolar Proteinosis): The child in question is presenting with characteristic features of Neonatal Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP). Familial cases of Neonatal Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis have been observed and a genetic basis has been suggested. None of the other options have a familial b...
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Which of the following is required for proper effects of Insulin?
In association with insulin, chromium promotes the utilization of glucose Chromium is a component of a protein namely chromodulin which facilitates the binding of insulin to cell receptor sites Chromium It is an essential nutrient for the maintenance of normal glucose tolerance Its deficiency causes insulin resistance....
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In a larger bruise, the colour changes begins at:
In a larger bruise, the colour change stas from periphery (healing of contusion) The contusion regains its normal colour in 1-2 weeks.
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Nitabuch's membrane is absent in:
Ans. (a) Placenta accretaRef: Williams obstetrics 23rded, Ch 35.* The nitabuch layer is a zone of fibrinoid degeneration in which invading trophoblasts meet the decidua. If the decidua is defective, as in placenta accreta, the Nitabuch layer is usually absent.Also Know* Placenta accreta indicates that villi are attache...
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Which of the following gas is most commonly used in laproscopy?
CO2 is used in laproscopy because it is common to the human body and can be absorbed by tissue and removed by the respiratory system. It is also non-flammable, which is impoant because electrosurgical devices are commonly used in laparoscopic procedures.
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During phagocytosis, the metabolic process called respiratory burst involves the activation of:
A i.e. OxidaseThe electron transpo chain system responsible for the respiratory burst is 'NADPH oxidase' (on oxidase enzyme)The biochemical mechanism of microbial killing and degradation following phogocytosis is called 'respiratory burst'.This is accomplished largely by oxygen dependent mechanisms.'The generation of r...
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The primary direct stimulus for excitation of central chemoreceptors regulating ventilation is?
increased 11+/Ref: Ganong 23/e p627-629] The primary direct stimulus for central chemoreceptors is increased Ir concentration in the CSF and brain interstitial fluid. (But the H+ conc. in the brain parallels the aerial PCO2 and not aerial H+ conc.) There are 2 types of chemoreceptors regulating ventilation: central che...
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Sudden decreasd end tidal CO2 in GA causes
Complications of Anaesthesia During anaesthesia: > Respiratory depression - Salivation, respiratory secretions > Cardiac arrhythmias > Fall in BP >Aspiration >Laryngospasm and >asphyxia >Awareness > Delirium and convulsion > Fire and explosion
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