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Valvulae conniventes are seen in
The valvulae conniventes, also known as Kerckring folds or plicae circulares, are the mucosal folds of the small intestine, staing from the second pa of the duodenum, they are large and thick at the jejunum and considerably decrease in size distally in the ileum to disappear entirely in the distal ileal bowel loops. p ...
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A girl aged 20 yrs complains of headache while studying. Her vision is found to be normal. All of the following should be further evaluated except
Family h/o headache is important in any headache to rule out organic cause of headache. Menstrual history Menstrual history is important in any female presenting with headache to rule to premenstrual syndrome. Detailed menstrual history should be taken to find out headache is due to hormonal imbalance. Interest in stud...
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Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis usually presents –
The symptoms vomiting usually starts after 3 weeks of age but symptoms may develop as early as1st week of life and as late as 5 months of life. - Nelson Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the commonest surgical disorder of the stomach during infancy. Pylorus is thickened and elo...
2,002
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Prophylaxis against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ( SBP) in case of cirrhosis with ascites is indicated in:
The risk factors for SBP are 1.Ascitic fluid protein < 1 g/dl 2.Variceal hemorrhage 3.Prior episode of SBP Acute variceal bleeding patients need prophylaxis against SBP & Drugs used for prophylaxis are: 1.Inj.Ceftriaxone 1 g/day 2. Oral. Ofloxacin 400 mg/day or Norfloxacin 400 OD Primary prophylaxis is indicated in pat...
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Radiation induced thyroid cancer is -
Radiation-induced thyroid cancer Authors: Section Editors: Deputy Editor: INTRODUCTION Radiation exposure of the thyroid during childhood is the most clearly defined environmental factor associated with benign and malignant thyroid tumors. The risk of thyroid cancer following irradiation is related to radiation dose an...
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Significant value of `p' is ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0.05 P is the probability that the difference seen between 2 samples occurs due to chance". If p . .05 it is considered statistically significant. It means that There is 5% probability that the result could have been obtained by chance. or The investigator can be 95% sure that the result was not obtai...
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Complications of Colles' fracture are all except
B i.e. Nonunion
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Lecithin/Sphingomyelin ratio is done to assess the maturity of:
Ref: Cloherty's Manual of Newborn Care. 6th edition, Page 323Explanation:THE LECITHIN -SPHINGOMYELIN (L/S) RATIOAssessment of fetal lung maturity (FLM) prenatally by testing amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis.It is performed by thin-layer chromatography.The risk of RDS is very low if the L/S ratio is >2.Exception...
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At which level sound is painful -
Intensity Whisper - 30 dB Normal conversation - 60 dB Shout - 90 dB Discomfort of ear - 120 dB Pain in ear -130 dB Ref. Dhingra, 6/e, p 19
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All of the following are included as causes of maternal death except -
Maternal moality rate is total no.of female deaths due to complications of pregnancy,childbihor within 42 days of delivery from puerpeural causes.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-514
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Trypsinogen to trypsin is conveed by
Trypsin, a proteinase, is secreted as an inactive zymogen form trypsinogen, which is activated to form active Trypsin, which has strong proteolytic activity and an inactive hexapeptide which is produced and liberated during the process of activation. Activation is brought about by * A glycoprotein enzyme called as ente...
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Which of the following is used to represent continuous (quantitative) data ?
Ans. is `c' i.e., Histogram
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What is the most probable poal of entry for Aspergillus
Aspergillosis is caused by the inhalation of Aspergillus conidia or mycelial fragments which are present in the decaying matter, soil or air, resulting in aspergillus asthma, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition
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Obstruction to the flow of CSF at the aqueduct of Sylvius will most likely lead to enlargement of -
CSF is produced by choroid plexus in the lateral and III ventricles. Then it flows through the aqueduct of Sylvius into the 4th ventricle and from there into the subarachnoid space to be absorbed by the arachnoid Obviously, any obstruction in the aqueduct of Sylvius will lead to enlargement of the proximal ventricles (...
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Dinner fork deformity is seen in -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Colles fracture DeformityAssociated fracture / conditionGarden Spade DeformitySmiths FractureGun stock deformityCubitus varus commonly due supracondylar humerus fractureDinner fork deformityColles FractureGenu VarumBlounts disease
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Ministry covering ESI:
ESI act is an impoant measure of social security and health insurance in India. Administration: The Union Ministry of Labour is the Chairman of ESI corporation. Secretary to Govt. of India Ministry of Labour is Vice-Chairman of ESI.
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A 22yrs female was admitted in emergency with c/o nausea, vomiting, and watery diarrhoea since 4 days. He is also having low grade fever. He was hospitalised and treated symptomatically and was being relieved and discharged. His blood samples were sent for culture; repos of which pt. brought during his follow up - whic...
Clostridia Spore bearing, obligate anaerobes and gram positive organisms. Reside normally in GI tract; although they have the propensity to cause fulminant bacteremia, but it is rare. In this question, pt. is well after an acute episode of illness; rules out fulminant course. So, a transient self-limited bacteraemia du...
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Leukocytoclastic vasculitis as an extrahepatic manifestation is noticed in:
Extrahepatic complications of chronic hepatitis B Extrahepatic complications of chronic hepatitis B, is associated with deposition of circulating hepatitis B antigen-antibody immune complexes. They are; Ahralgias and ahritis - common, Purpuric cutaneous lesions (leukocytoclastic vasculitis) - Rare Immune-complex glomer...
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An antihelmenthic drug that is effective against blood fluke, liver fluke, lung fluke and cysticercus is:
- Drug of choice for treatment of flukes (except liver fluke) and tapeworms (except dog tapeworm) is praziquantal. - Drug of choice for treatment of liver fluke is triclabendazole. - Drug of choice for dog tapeworm (Echinococcus) is albendazole - Drug of choice for all nematodes (see exceptions below) is albendazole - ...
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All of the following are good prognostic factors for childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, except:
Hyperdiploidy, Female sex and pre B cell ALL are associated with good prognosis. t (12 : 21) translocation may be associated with a poor prognosis and is the single answer of exclusion. Ref: Pediatric Oncology: A Comprehensive Guide By Paul Imbach, Thomas R. Kuhne, Robe Arceci, 2004, page 23.
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Radiological feature of Mitral stenosis is are
A, B, C i.e. Double contour of right hea border, Straightening of left hea border, Splaying of carinal angle
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Which of the following hormone doesn't use the adenylyl cyclase-cAMP as a second messenger ?
Hormones That Use the Adenylyl Cyclase-cAMP as Second Messenger System Adrenocoicotropic hormone (ACTH) Angiotensin II (epithelial cells) Calcitonin Catecholamines (b receptors) Coicotropin releasing hormone (CRH) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Glucagon Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) Human chorionic gonado...
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A 3 years old boy presented with fever with pain in the throat and difficulty in deglutition. On examination following findings are seen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS(QUINSY) Collection of pus between the fibrous capsule of the tonsil, and the superior constrictor muscle of the pharynx. Condition is generally unilateral. Tonsil is swollen, red, hot & congested. Uvula and soft palate are pushed to opposite side. Uvula Points towards Normal side as shown in the i...
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Brinzolamide is a
Ans is 'd' i.e. Highly specific reversible and noncompetitive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor o Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act by a non-competitive, reversible inhibition of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. o Brinzolamide is a highly .specific inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), which is the main carbonic anhydra...
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Cholesteatoma commonly associated with:
(a) Atticoantral CSOM(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed. Vol 2; 989)Tympanosclerosis is hyalinisation and calcification of the fibrous layer of tympanic membrane. It is not associated with cholesteatoma. Foreign body in ear does not lead to cholesteatoma formation.Keratosis obturans is the collection of desquamated keratin debr...
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A child presenting with localized patches of complete hair loss with normal appearance of scalp. Diagnosis is -
alopecia areata develops as single or multiple oval or round patches of hair loss on the scalp, beard area,eyebrows, eyelashes and other hairy areas of the body. Telogen effluvium- generalized and diffuse hair loss over scalp and body Cradle cap - infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis characterized by yellowish, patchy, gre...
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An 8-hour-old term infant develops increased respiratory distress, hypothermia, and hypotension. A complete blood count (CBC) demonstrates a white blood cell (WBC) count of 2500/mL with 80% bands. The chest radiograph is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
(c) Source: (Hay et al, pp 1163-1166. Kliegman et al, pp 925-928. McMillan et al, pp 482-483, 501-506. Rudolph et al, pp 1097-1099.) The radiograph shows diffuse that infiltrates bilaterally; this can be seen with neonatal pneumonia or primary surfactant deficiency. The rapid onset of the symptoms, the low WBC count wi...
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In the gr'cii circuit, the arc! flow pressure is 100 mm Hg and the outward flow pressure is 10 mm Hg. Each of the parallel circuit has a resistance of 5 mm Hg/mL/min. Calculate the flow across the circuit:
Ans. b. 90 mL
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Bochdalek hernia is related to -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pleuroperitoneal canal Bochdalek herniao Most Bochdalek hernia are on the left side (~80%) and may rarely be bilateral.o Compression of the lung results in pulmonary hypoplasia, involving both the lungs (ipsilateral > contralateral)o Pulmonary vasculature is also abnormal leading to pulmonary hyperten...
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A 4 yr old partially immunized boy came to OPD with history of bouts of coughing. On staining the sputum sample an organism with bipolar staining was seen. Which among the following organism it would be?
REF: (B) B. pertussisREF: Jawetz Microbiology, 24th Ed Ch. 19BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS:The organisms are minute gram-negative coccobacilli resembling H influenzae. With toluidine blue stain, bipolar metachromatic granules can be demonstrated. A capsule is present. After an incubation period of about 2 weeks, the "catarrhal ...
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What is true in case of perforation of pars flaccida?
Ans. B Associated with cholesteatomaTympanic membrane can be divided in 2 pas:Parstensa : It forms most of the tympanic membrane. Its periphery is thickened to form fibro cailaginous ring called as annulus tympanicus.Pars Falccida : It is situated above the lateral process of malleus between the notch of Rivinus and th...
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Adam's apple seen in boys is because of:
Prominance of Thyroid cailage (because of sharp angle) in males is called Adam's apple. Thyroid cailage with right and left lamina both meet at midline and form an angle of 90deg in males, 120deg in females. At rest it lies at level of C3
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Site of placement of tension free vaginal tapes in stress urinary incontinence
Tension-free vaginal tape A knitted 11 mm x 40 cm polypropylene mesh tape is inseed transvaginally at the level of the midurethra Complications: Sho term Voiding difficulties , Bladder perforation, de novo Urgency and Bleeding Ref: SHAW&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY; 15th edition; Pg no:194
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The amount of water absorbed in the intestine in a day is :
D i.e. 8 lit
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Most impoant from of carbon-dioxide transpo in the blood
The route by which most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the bloodstream. Once dissolved in the blood plasma, carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid, which immediately ionizes into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. The bicarbonate ions serve as pa of the alkaline reserve.Ref: Ganong&;s Review of Medic...
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A patient presents to the emergency department with uniocular diplopia. Examination with oblique illumination shows golden crescent while examination with coaxial illumination show a dark crescent line. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis –
Presence of uniocular diplopia together with the finding of the golden crescent on oblique illumination (edge of subluxated lens) or black crecent line on coaxial illumination (edge of subluxated lens) suggests a diagnosis of `subluxation' of the crystalline lens. Ectopic lens refers to the displacement of shows lens f...
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All of the following statements about Lupus Anticoagulant are true, EXCEPT:
Catastrophic Life threatening Antiphospholipid Syndrome results from rapid onset thrombosis and ischemia in multiple organ systems and not from severe bleeding. However such bleeding episodes are rare after thrombotic spells even with severe thrombocytopenia, not leading to life threatening hemorrhage and occur as a re...
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CT scan abdomen at the level of the twelfth thoracic veebra in a pt., Which structure provides an attachment of the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz)?
The duodenojejunal flexure is suppoed by a fibromuscular band called the suspensory ligament of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz), which is attached to the right crus of the diaphragm. C. - The pancreas is an endocrine and exocrine gland; is retroperitoneal in position and receives blood from the splenic, gastroduodena...
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Best method of treatment of ulner never abscess in case of leprosy is -
Best method to treat ulnar nerve abscess is incision and drainage. folowed by treatment with coicosteroids and mbmdt iadvl textbook of dermatology page 2091
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Most common cause of sho stature is:
Ans. A: Constitutional The causes of sho stature can be divided into 3 broad categories: Chronic disease (including undernutrition genetic disorders) Familial sho stature Constitutional delay of growth and development (commoner) Endocrine diseases are rare causes of sho stature. The hallmark of endocrine disease is lin...
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Frozen section is/are used for all except
Frozen section Biopsy Biopsy technique in pathology laboratories for making urgent on-table diagnosis Frozen section biopsy is a procedure done in a pathological setup existing adjacent to the operation theatre Surgeons are the main users of this service Procedure An unfixed fresh tissue is frozen (using CO2 to - 25deg...
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Which of the following condition is associated with Osmotic diarrhoea?
Clinical causes of osmotic diarrhea that causes an osmolar gap greater than 50 includes lactase deficiency, sorbitol foods, saline cathaics and antacids. Osmotic diarrhea occur when water soluble molecules are poorly absorbed, remain in the intestinal lumen and retain water in the intestine. It usually follows ingestio...
2,041
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WHO recommended regime for the treatment of Brucella infection is ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rifampin with doxycyclinelRef : Harrison 18n/e p. 1299,1672 & I4/e p. 1268).The gold standard for the treatment of brucellosis in adults is IM streptomycin (0.75-1 g daily for 14-21 days) together with doxycycline (100 mg twice daily for 6 weeks).In both clinical trials and observational studies, rela...
2,042
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'Rosette cataract' is caused by:
Ans. c (Trauma) (Ref: Parson's Disease of Eye 19th/pg. 283; Basak Ophthalmology 2nd/pg. 82, 305).CATARACTContusion cataractContusion of the eyeball will produce a rosette-shaped subcapsular opacity on the anterior surface of the lens. It will normally remain unchanged but will migrate into the deeper cortex over time d...
2,043
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Cork screw esophagus in barium swallow is seen in:
Ans: C (Diffuse esophageal spasm) Ref: Sc ibis ion Textbook of Surgery, 19th Edition 1028Explanation:Diffuse Esophageal spasmHyper motili ty di sorderRepetitive, simultaneous, and of high amplitude esophageal contractionsMotor abnormality of the esophageal body that is more in the lower two thirds.Muscular hypertrophy ...
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Infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) are likely to develop
The common clinical presentations include meconium ileus in neonatal period,recurrent bronchiolitis in infancy and early childhod,recurrent respiratory tract infections ,chronic lung disease , bronchiectasis, steatorrhoea,with incresing age pancreatitis and azoospermia. Ref : Essential pediatrics,O.P.Ghai,7 th edition ...
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Which of the following indicates radiograph contrast induced nephropathy?
Ans.Increased creatinine levels
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In postductal coarctation of aoa, collaterals may be formed by all of the following, except
In post-ductal coarctation of the aoa, an extensive collateral circulation develops involving the branches of subclan & axillary aeries with the distal aeries given by aoa Veebral aery does not play a significant role in this collateral circulation. Ref: Gray's 40e/p984
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Which of the following is not a true association of thymoma ?
The usual association is hypogamaglobuthemia not hyperglobulinemia.
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Which of the following statements about the pathology in Alzheimer's disease is not true:
Answer is C (NFTs appear extracellularly before intracellular appearance):NFTs are typically seen intracellularly within the soma and proximal dendrites of neurons. Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs) are intracellular accumulations of hyperphosphorylated 'tau' proteins.Neurofibrillary Tangles are Intracellular Accumulation...
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Senescent RBC's are mainly attacked in-
P. malariae which attacks mainly senescent (old) RBC’s: Agent of Quartan malaria P. ovale and P. vivax: attack younger RBCs and reticulocytes: Agent of benign tertian malaria P. falciparum: attacks RBC of all ages: Agent of malignant tertian malaria.
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Which of the following is spared in modified radical mastectomy (MRM)?
Ans. a (Pectoralis major). (Ref. Bailey & Love Surgery, 25th ed., 842)MASTECTOMY is now only strictly indicated for large tumors, central tumor beneath or involving nipple, multifocal disease, and local recurrence or for patient preference.Simple mastectomyRadical mastectomy (Halsted)Modified radical Mastectomy (Patey'...
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Painless effusion in congenital syphilis is called
Skeletal manifestations of congenital syphilis Clutton's joints - Painless sterile effusions in the knees or elbows Parrot's joints - Effusion with epiphysitis and epiphyseal separation Erosion of the nasal boneThickening and expansion of the finger phalanges (dactylitis) Higoumenaki's sign - Bilateral enlargement of s...
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Port wine stain of the face, seizures, hemiparesis, intracranial calcification and glaucoma are features of?
Ans. c (Sturge-Weber syndrome) (Ref. Harrison's medicine 17th/Chapter 379; IADVL 2nd/ pg l68)PHAKOMATOSES (NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES = NEUROECTODERMAL DYSPLASIAS)# Autosomal dominant:- Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen synd)# Not autosomal dominant:- Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber synd)- Tuberous scl...
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Cis atracurium is better then atracurium because:-
Atracurium Cis-atracurium Mixture of cis-isomers Pure cis-isomer Histamine release No / minimal release CVS unstable CVS stable Less potent Dose - 0.5-0.6mh/kg More potent Dose - 0.1-0.2 mg/kg - Cis-atracurium and atracurium are dependent on Hoffman elimination - Cis-atracurium's duration of action is more predictable ...
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Kanagawa's phenomenon is seen in ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vibrio parahemolyticus Strains of vibrio parahemolyticus isolated from patients are always hymolytic on Wagatsuma agar, while strains from environmental sources are always non-hemolytic. This linkage of enteropathogenicity to ability of hemolysis on Wagatsuma agar is called Kanagawa's phenomenon.
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The following are attributes of hepatitis B infection except -
Hepatitis B may cause an acute viral hepatitis; however, acute infection is often asymptomatic, paicularly when acquired at bih. Many individuals with chronic hepatitis B are also asymptomatic. The risk of progression to chronic liver disease depends on the source and timing of infection . Veical transmission from moth...
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MMR. vaccination is given at-
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 11/2 years o See IAP vaccination schedule.
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Which of the following inducing agent produces cardiac stability?
Etomidate  It is another induction anaesthetic (0.2- 0.5 mg/kg) which has a briefer duration of action  (4-8 min). than thiopentone; produces little cardiovascular and respiratory depression, but motor restlessness and rigidity is more prominent as are pain on injection or nausea and vomiting on recovery. It is a poor ...
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Weight range of adrenal glands in most of cases of cushing's disease is -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 25-40 gm o The weight of adrenal gland depends on the cause of cushing syndrome : ? Due to ACTH production by pituatory microadenoma (cushing disease) or by ectopic ACTH production. o ACTH stimulates the zona reticularis and zona fasciculata which results in either diffuse hyperplasia (25-40 gm) or no...
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Which of the following aery is not a terminal branch of coeliac trunk ?
The coeliac trunk arises from the front of the abdominal aoa just below the aoic opening of the diaphragm at the level of the disc between veebrae thoracic twelve and first lumbar. The trunk is only about 1.25 cm long. It ends by dividing into its three terminal branches, namely the left gastric, hepatic and splenic ae...
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Most reliable method of diagnosing pulmonary embolism is: September 2004
Ans. D i.e. Angiography Pulmonary angiography has been now replaced by CT and MR angiography
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One of the earliest symptoms of Vit. A deficiency is:
Deficiency manifestations of Vitamin A:  Night blindness (nyctalopia) is one of the earliest symptoms of vitamin A deficiency.  The individuals have difficulty to see in dim light since the dark adaptation time is increased. Prolonged deficiency irreversibly damages a number of visual cells. Severe deficiency of vitam...
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Chediak-Higashi syndrome is characterized by
Ans. a (Defects in phagolysosome function) (Ref. H - 17th/pg. Table 61-4)CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASEChronic Granulomatous Disease presents before the age of 2 and can be transmitted through X-linked or autosomal pattern of inheritance. The defect lies in the inability to generate oxidative burst to kill organisms aft...
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Safety valve mechanism is:
There is little change in the width of the dental arch anterior to the first permanent molars after the fifth or sixth year of life.  In the mandibular dentition, mandibular intercanine width is relatively complete by 9–10 years of age in both boys and girls. In the maxilla, intercanine width is essentially completed b...
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Which of the following drugs is useful in prophylaxis of motion sickness?
Ans. (A) Hyoscine(Ref: KDT 8th/e p132)Hyoscine is used for the prophylaxis of motion sickness whereas other drugs listed in the question are used for the treatment of vomiting.
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Middle meningel vessel damage results in -
Ans-D
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Most common mode of transmission of HIV world wide is -
most common mode of transmission of HIV virus is through hetrosexual REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.570
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Annexin V is associated with which of the following?
Annexin V is a calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein that has a high affinity for the phophatidylserine (PS), a plasma membrane phospholipid. One of the earliest features of apoptosis is the translocation of PS from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, thereby exposing PS to the external envi...
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Black gun pow der composition -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Charcoal 15% + Potassium nitrate 75% + sulphur 10% The classical gun powder is known as black powder, consists of charcol (15%), Sulphur (10%), and potassium nitrate (75%). Depending on fineness, the black gun powder is designated as FG, FFG, FFFG. etc. (F = fineness). Pyrodex is another gun powder wi...
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Ultrasound scanning of a fetus shows asymmetric growth retardation. It may be associated with the following pathology:
Asymmetric intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is seen in chronic placental insufficiency due to inadequate substrate transfer. The fetus is affected in later months during the phase of cellular hyperophy. The placental pathology includes, Placenta prae Abruption Circumvallate Infarction Mosaicism Poor placentation ...
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Which of the following is not a heterophile reaction?
HETEROPHILE REACTION :- Similar antigens on dissimilar organisms are called heterophile antigens Closely related antigens can occur on a wide variety of organisms. Antibodies reacting with such antigens are called heterophile antibodies. Serologic tests employing such antigens are called heterophile tests. Frie's test ...
2,071
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Tumor commonly seen in the area marked below
Most sporadic gastrinomas are located in the first and second pa of the duodenum. The anatomical area comprising the head of the pancreas, the superior and descending poion of the duodenum and the relevant lymph nodes has been called the 'gastrinoma triangle' because it harbours the vast majority of these tumoursRef: B...
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Most of the incidentalomas are
An incidentaloma is an adrenal mass, detected incidentally by imaging studies conducted for other reasons, not known previously to have been present or causing symptomsMore than 75% are non-functioning adenomas but Cushing's adenomas, phaeochromocytomas, metastases, adrenocoical carcinomas and Conn's tumours can all be...
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A patient presented with neck swelling. Cytology showed showed parafollicular cells along with clusters of plasmacytoid and few spindle shaped cells. What investigation should be done to follow up the patient?
Ans. (a) CalcitoninCytology showed showed parafollicular cells along with clusters of plasmacytoid and few spindle shaped cells are suggestive of medullary ca thyroid and so should be followed up by its tumor marker calcitonin.
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Treatment of choice of small preputial Penile carcinoma is
Wide local excision with 2 cm margin is done for small preputial penile carcinoma.
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All are impoant laboratory features of hereditary spherocytosis, EXCEPT:
Laboratory diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis The anemia is usually normocytic. Increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)- (The only condition in which an increased MCHC is seen.) The diagnosis is on the basis of red cell morphology and osmotic fragility, a modified version called the pink test. R...
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All are transmitted by blood except aEUR'
Epstein Barr Virus ??? Viruses associated with blood transfusion: Hepatitis C virus: Hepatitis G virus: Hepatitis B virus HIV type I HTLV Type Cytomegalovirus Parvovirus 13-19 HGV A recently discovered and identified non A-E hepatitis virus has been designated the name Hepatitis G virus (HGV) which is a member afflaviv...
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Drug of choice for treatment of epiglottitis is
Ampicillin or third generation cephalosporins are effective against H. influenzae and are given by parenteral route (i.m. or i.v.) without waiting for results of throat swab and blood culture. Ref: PL Dhingra 7th edition of Ear, Nose and Throat; Pg no 328
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APRV stands for:
APRV - Airway Pressure Release Ventilation Mode of mechanical ventilation that is less common than pressure control or volume control, APRV was described initially by Stock and Downs in 1987 as a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with an intermittent release phase. APRV applies CPAP (P high) for a prolonged ti...
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Which of the following is an ocular emergency ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Ocular emergencies include those conditions that result in acute, severe pain in association with sudden vision loss, or that may lead to vision loss if left untreated; and traumatic conditions that affect globe or adnexa. Comon ophthalmic emergencies are :- Acute congestive glaucoma ...
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Most sensitive diagnosis test for ectopic pregnancy
Transvaginal ultrasound Diagnosis of Ectopic pregnancy Pregnancy is definitely diagnosed by demonstrating intrauterine sac. - A normal intrauterine sac appears regular and well defined on ultrasound. So ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed by demonstrating the absence of the intrauterine sac. In a woman in whom ectopic p...
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Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is defined as - Number of maternal deaths per
(B) 1,00,000 live births # Maternal mortality rate (MMR) - number of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 women of reproductive age per year. In India it is about 120 as compared to 0.5 of United States.
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A 10-mm calculus in the right lower ureter associated with proximal hydroureteronephrosis is best treated with:
Answer is D (Ureteroscopic Retrieval) : The patient in question has a small calculus (1.0 cm) in size, which is located in the distal ureter and hence is amenable to ureteroscopic removal. The presence of proximal hydroureteronephrosis indicates obstruction and forms- the indication for clone removal. Indications and m...
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Mother to child transmission of HIV -
HIV may pass from infected mother to foetus through placenta or to her infant during delivery. In absence of any intervention rate of this vary from 20-25%. Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 364
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False statement regarding xenon is_____
Xenon is Non- teratogenic.Option A: Xenon has a very low blood-gas solubility coefficient (0.115) and produces rapid induction of and emergence from anaesthesia.Option B: Xenon produces no green house effect or ozone depletion and is environmentally safe, unlike the other inhaled anaesthetics.Option D: Does not trigger...
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Androgenic alopecia in female is caused by:
Ans. C. Stein-Leventhal syndromeAndrogenetic Alopecia (Male pattern; Female pattern): AssociationsIn women, features of hyperandrogenism may be present inthe form of hirsutism, acne & clitoromegaly.Always rule out polycystic ovary disease (PCOD).Stein-Leventhal syndrome, also called polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Myxe...
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True about Burkitt's lymphoma are:
Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with t(8:14). It has an increased MYC and BCL6 protein expression. Characteristic "starry sky" pattern is seen.
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Singers Alkali denaturation test is done with :
Ans. is b i.e. Fetal Hb Ref. Dutta Obs. 6/e, p 247-248: Williams Obs. 23/e, p 583, 584; Text book of Ohs. by Sheila Balakrishnan, p 167-168 Fetal hemoglobin can be distinguished from Adult hemoglobin by : Wright stain : On staining blood with wright stain if RBC's appear nucleateddeg the blood is of fetal origindeg. Si...
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NOT a feature of Atrial Septal defect among the following
Left Atrial hypertrophy is never seen in ASD.
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Which of the following drug causes Pseudotumour cerebri -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tetracycline Drugs causing Pseudotumour cerebri o A miodarone o Mineralocoicoids (withdrawl) o Oral contraceptives o Glucocoicoids (withdrawl) o Hypervitaminosis A o Tetracyclines o Quinolones
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Last taste sensation discovered is-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Umami o Umami a savory taste s one of the five basic tastes (together with sweetness, sourness, bitterness, and saltiness)o People taste umami through receptors specific to glutamate. Glutamate is widely present in savory foods, such as meat broths and fermented products, and commonly added to some fo...
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All can cause peripheral neuropathy except
All other options are commonly associated with peripheral neuropathy except hypothyroidism
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Estimation of serum levels is impoant for which of the following drug: September 2009
Ans. C: LithiumLithium has been the drug of choice for the treatment of maniac episode (acute phase) as well as for prevention of fuher episodes in bipolar mood disorder.It has also been used in the treatment of depression with less success.Lithium needs to be closely monitored by repeated blood levels, as the differen...
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Curie is the unit for –
Units of Activity . The activity of radioactive material is the number of nuclear disintegration per unit of time. The units of activity. Bacquerel Curies
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Linitus plastic is the type of -
Stomach cancer  Ca stomach may be divided into five morphological subtypes, that correlate loosely with the natural history and outcome. Ulcerang Ca Polypoidal Ca Superficial spreading Ca Also known as early gastric cancer, superficial ca is confined to mucosa and submucosa. These cancers have an excellent prognosis (...
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. In the fed state, major fate of Glucose 6-PO4 in tissues is :
D i.e. Storage as glycogen
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Which of the following disease shows autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance?
Best's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance and expressivity. Bassen-Kornzwig disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of lipoprotein metabolism. Gyrate atrophy is an autosomal recessive dystrophy with peripheral choroidal degeneration. Laurence-Moon-Biedle syndrome is also inh...
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Non-absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is due to
Steatorrhoea is an increase in stool fat excretion of >6% of dietary fat intake seen in malabsorption syndromes.Steatorrhoea may lead to weight loss, it is often associated with fat-soluble vitamin deficiency.Elevated alkaline phosphatase and reduced calcium levels suggest vitamin D deficiency and elevated prothrombin ...
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Speed of rabies virus progress in axon is
Speed of rabies virus progress in axon is 250 mm/day.
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