query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Hardest bone of the body is? | Ans. D Osseus labyrinthRef: Gray's Anatomy, 41st ed. pg. 644* Osseous labyrinth is considered as hardest bone of the body. It is embedded in petrous part of temporal bone, which is also known as "rock bone".* American edition of British encyclopedia states: "The labyrinth of the ear is formed of cochlea, 3 semicircular... | 2,200 | medmcqa_train |
Attempts to quantitate clinical conditions on a graduated scale, thereby facilitating comparison among populations examined by the same criteria and methods is: | "A numerical value describing the relative status of a population on a graduated scale with definite upper and lower limits, which is designed to permit and facilitate comparison with other populations classified by the same criteria and methods". - Russell A.L.
"Epidemiologic indices are attempts to quantitate clinic... | 2,201 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are habbit disorders, except: | Tics are rapid and reccurent moments for brief duration and it is not included under habbit disorders. | 2,202 | medmcqa_train |
Incidence of TB in a community is measured by | Epidemiological indices of TB Incidence of TB infection (Annual infection rate, Annual risk of infection - ARI) : percentage if population understudy who will be newly infected with TB among Non-infected in 1 year Express attacking force of TB in community In developing countries 1% ARI corresponds to : 50 SS +ve cases... | 2,203 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of choice for endocervical polyp is | Polyp is categorized and defined by ultrasound, saline sonography, hysteroscopy with or without histopathology It is treated by polypectomy Ref: Shaw Gynecology 17 e pg 132. | 2,204 | medmcqa_train |
A standard normal distribution has | (B) A mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1# STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION is defined as a normal distribution with a mean of 0 & a standard deviation of 1.> Normal (or Gaussian) distribution is a very commonly occurring continuous probability distribution--a function that tells the probability that any real observati... | 2,205 | medmcqa_train |
When gases flow through an orifice which factor is least likely to affect turbulence | Ans. (c) Pressure of gas(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.629)Whether the air flow is laminar or turbulent is determined by Reynolds numberReynolds number =rDV/eWhere,r-Density of the gasD-Diameter of the airwaysV -Velocity of gase -Viscosity of gasPressure of gas is not in the formula for Reynolds number | 2,206 | medmcqa_train |
Presence of delta sign on contrast enhanced CT SCAN suggests presence of ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lateral Sinus thrombophlebitis LATERAL SINUS THROMBOPHLEBITIS (SIGMOID SINUS THROMBOSIS) Lateral or sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis arises from inflammation in the adjacent mastoid. It may occur as a complication of : ? Acute coalescent mastoiditis CSOM and cholesteatoma Clinical features Hectic Picket... | 2,207 | medmcqa_train |
Bronchogenic sequestration is seen in which lobe - | Bronchogenic sequestration refers to the presence of a discrete mass of lung tissue without any normal connection to the airway system.
Intralobar sequestrations are found most frequently in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe.
Blood supply to the sequestered area arises not from the pulmonary arteries b... | 2,208 | medmcqa_train |
In triage green colour indicates - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ambulatory patients There are 4 triage categories I. Green - Minor/Ambulatory 3. Yellow - Delayed 2. Red -- Immediate 4.Black - Dead or nonsalvageable Minor (Green) they should be separated from the general group at the beginning of the triage operations ( k/a "Walking wounded" these patients can be u... | 2,209 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is seen in Vitamin D deficiency- | Vitamin D deficiency leads to impaired intestinal absorption of calcium, resulting in decreased serum total and ionized calcium values. This hypocalcemia results in secondary hyperparathyroidism, a homeostatic response that initially maintains serum calcium levels at the expense of the skeleton. Due to the PTH-induced ... | 2,210 | medmcqa_train |
FK 506 is a type of : | Tacrolimus is also known as FK-506. It is an immunosuppressant macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tsukubaensis.
Muromonab CD3 is also known as OKT3. It is a monoclonal antibody against CD3 cells. | 2,211 | medmcqa_train |
Hypnagogic hallucinations are seen in | NarcolepsyThe classic tetrad of symptoms is:i. Sleep attacks (most common): ii. Cataplexy: iii. Hypnagogic hallucinations: iv. Sleep paralysis (least common): Ref: A Sho Textbook of Psychiatry, Niraj Ahuja, 7th Edition, pg. no. 138 | 2,212 | medmcqa_train |
A baby is born with a large defect in the occipital bone through which the posterior poion of the brain has herniated. Which of the following terms best describes this lesion? | The central neurons system and its overlying bones are subject to a variety of malformations and developmental diseases. The defect described in the question stem is a cranial encephalocele, in which brain herniates through a defect in the skull bones. The most common site for such a herniation is the occipital bone. S... | 2,213 | medmcqa_train |
Female sex chromatin is : | XX | 2,214 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site of GIST is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Stomach Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GlSTs)o GISTs are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of gastrointestinal tumor.o GIST represents a distinct group of gastrointestinal tumors that originate from the interstial cells of cajal which control gastrointestinal peristalsis.o GISTs can occur anywher... | 2,215 | medmcqa_train |
The following statements are true about Tumor suppressor gene p53 except: | . Its activity in the cells decreases following UV irradiation and stimulates cell cycle | 2,216 | medmcqa_train |
In which layer of cornea, copper is deposited to form Kayser-Fleischer ring in Wilsons disease? | Nearly all patients with neurologic involvement in Wilson disease develop eye lesions called Kayser-Fleischer rings, green to brown depositsof copper in Descemet membrane in the limbus of the cornea.Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the ATP7B gene, resulting in impaired copper excr... | 2,217 | medmcqa_train |
True about autosomal dominant type of inheritance: | Answer- D. 50% affected, if one parent affectedAutosomal dominant disorders are manifested in the heterozygous state .Both males and females are affected.Because the alleles segregate randomly at meiosis, the probability that an offspring will be affected is 50%. | 2,218 | medmcqa_train |
A microbiology laboratory repos growth of Staphylococcus aureus from pus drained from a breast abscess. What is the most likely condition predisposing the patient to the development of a breast abscess? | Acute mastitis, frequently complicated by breast abscess formation, typically develops in the postpaum period, when the nipples are first subjected to the physical stresses of breast feeding. Bacteria enter the breast cracks in the nipple, and flourish in the microenvironment of the lactating breast. Acute mastitis cau... | 2,219 | medmcqa_train |
Annexin V is associated with : | Apoptosis | 2,220 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs have covalent interaction with its target | covalent interaction means Irreversible inhibition of enzyme. Aspirin irreversibly acitylates the cox enzyme Refer kDT 6/e p185 | 2,221 | medmcqa_train |
Non-pitting oedema which does not reduce on elevation of limb belongs to which grade of lymphoedema | Brunner's grading of Lymphoedema:-
Latent = Subclinical
Grade I = Spontaneously reversible lymphoedema
Grade II = Spontaneously irreversible lymphoedema
Grade III = Irreversible skin changes like-fibrosis, fissuring in lymphoedema. | 2,222 | medmcqa_train |
When there is no other source of glucose, liver and muscle glycogen would be exhausted after | Were there no other source of glucose, liver and muscle glycogen would be exhausted after about 18 hours of fasting. As fasting becomes more prolonged, so an increasing amount of the amino acids released as a result of protein catabolism is utilized in the liver and kidneys for gluconeogenesis. Reference: Harper; 30th ... | 2,223 | medmcqa_train |
Patient can hear music every time when he turns on the tap and hears the sound of water. This is an example of : | Functional hallucination : here the stimulus and perecption are in same modality.
V/S
Reflex hallucination : here the stimulus and pereception are in different modality. | 2,224 | medmcqa_train |
Which enzyme is a enzyme regulatory step in cholesterol synthesis? | Ref: Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, Eighth Edition, Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea Rana Shinde: page no: 431 | 2,225 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following statements regarding water reabsorption in the tubules is true? | Maximum of filtered water (60-70%) is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, with or without Vasopressin. This is independent of the fluid and electrolyte status of the body and is caused by the osmotic gradient created by Na+ reabsorption.
Obligatory water reabsorption- (Independent of ADH)- 85%
- Proximal tubule- ... | 2,226 | medmcqa_train |
A case of suspected homicide comes to a doctor. He is supposed to inform police under section of CrPC: | Ans. b. 39 `Section 39 of CrPC gives a list of offences, the information regarding which is to be mandatorily provided to the police. That is, the doctor is duty bound to provide information about these enlisted offences (in Sec 39 CrPC) to the police.' Impoant Criminal Procedure Codes (CrPC) CrPC Description 39 Doctor... | 2,227 | medmcqa_train |
Tetanus is noticed usually in | B i.e. Wounds contaminated with faecal matter * Wounds containated with fecal matter & soil are most prone for tetanus developmentQ* Tetanus may develop in chronic conditions, such as skin ulcers, abscesses, and gangrene, burn, frost bite, middle ear infections. It is also associated with surgery, aboion, child bih, bo... | 2,228 | medmcqa_train |
Maintainence of BP according to intracranial pressure is- | Ans. is ''a' i.e., Cushing reflex o When intracranial pressure is increased, the blood supply to RVLM neurons is compromised, and the local hypoxia and hypercapnia increase their discharge.o The resultant rise in systemic arterial pressure (Cushing reflex) tends to restore the blood flow to the medulla and over a consi... | 2,229 | medmcqa_train |
True about Insulin action is: | C i.e. Required for transpo of glucose, aminoacid, K+ & Na+ | 2,230 | medmcqa_train |
Low dose radiotherapy is given for: | Ans. Seminoma | 2,231 | medmcqa_train |
Metal on Metal articulation should be avoided in - | Based on the articulating surfaces of the prosthesis, THR may be of the following type:-
Metal on poly: One surface is metallic (femoral side) and the other is of polyethene (on the acetabular side).
Metal on metal: Both articulating surfaces are of metal.
Ceramic on ceramic: Both articulating surfaces are of ceramic... | 2,232 | medmcqa_train |
A young man presents with asymptomatic macules and erythematous painless lesion over glans with generalised lymphadenopathy. Treatment of choice in this condition: | Ans. b. Benzathine penicillin | 2,233 | medmcqa_train |
Quality indicator of MCH services | Ans. is 'a' i.e., IMR o IMR is best indicator for:- i) Health status of a community. ii) Level of living. iii) Effectiveness of MCH services. o IMR is second best indicator of socioeconomic status of country (under 5 moality rate is more refined indicator for socioeconomic status). | 2,234 | medmcqa_train |
XXY klinfilter which has extra? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., X-chromosome The major numerical disorders of chromosomes are 3 autosomal trisomies Trisomy 21 -- Down syndrome Trisomy 18 -- Edwards syndrome Trisomy 13 -- Patau syndrome Four types of sex chromosomal aneuploidies: Turner syndrome (usually 45,X) Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) 47,XXX 47,XYY By far the ... | 2,235 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-year-old child presents with confusion, increased salivation, lacrimation, fasciculations, miosis, tachycardia, and hypotension. Which of the following poisons can cause these manifestations? | Increased salivation, lacrimation, miosis, fasciculation, tachycardia and confusion, all are seen in organophosphate poisoning. | 2,236 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not result in the release of nitric oxide | Refer katzung 11e 180-181 nitric oxide donors include Sodium nitroprusside organic nitrates nitrates Hydralazine Propofol Nebivolol | 2,237 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following infections mosquito is the main vector? | The yellow fever virus is transmitted by the bite of female mosquitoes (the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. After transmission of the virus from a mosquito the viruses replicate in the lymph nodes and infect dendritic cells in paicular. Hepatitis-A and Cholera are transmitted through feco-oral route. Leprosy is t... | 2,238 | medmcqa_train |
In a subclan aery block at outer border of 1st rib, all of the following aeries help in maintaining the circulation to upper limb, EXCEPT: | A rich anastomosis exists around the scapula between branches of subclan aery (first pa) and the axillary aery (third pa). This anastomosis provides a collateral circulation through which blood can flow to the limb when the distal pa of subclan aery or the proximal pa of axillary aery is blocked. Scapular anastomoses o... | 2,239 | medmcqa_train |
A compound serving a link between citric acid cycle and urea cycle is: | The fumarate formed may be funnelled into TCA cycle to be converted to malate and then to oxaloacetate to be transaminated to aspartate. Thus, the urea cycle is linked to TCA cycle through fumarate.
Reference: Vasudevan 7th ed, pg 204 | 2,240 | medmcqa_train |
A 8 years boy with headache, supracellar mass, with bilateral hemianopia, showing the following MRI scan of head. What is the diagnosis | (A) Craniopharyngioma[?]Craniopharyngioma:Craniopharyngioma are pituitary gland tumor develop from the embryogenic remnants in pituitary gland.Present at any time during childhood, tumor is congenital &d arises from squamous epithelial cell rests of the embryonic Rathke's pouch.The neoplasm is usually cystic & benign.C... | 2,241 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for schizophrenic patient with poor oral absorption is: | Clozapine | 2,242 | medmcqa_train |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma affects which age group | * Age:- It is mostly seen in fifth to seventh decades but may involve younger age groups. It is not uncommon to see the cancer of nasopharynx in the twenties and thiies. * Sex:-Males are three times more prone than females. (Ref: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat, P.L Dhingra, 7th edition, page 284) | 2,243 | medmcqa_train |
The technique employed in radiotherapy to counteract the effect of tumour motion due to breathing is known as | Gating Respiratory gating : It is a technique in radiotherapy in which the radiation is applied during that phase of respiratory cycle in which the tumour is in the best range. This is to prevent unnecessary radiation exposure to normal structures. | 2,244 | medmcqa_train |
paprika sign during debridement is crucial in management of which of the following condition? | paprika sign is the appearance of live bone after removal of sequestrum. Bone Debridement: * The goal of debridement is to leave healthy, ble tissue. Debridement of bone is done until punctuate bleeding is noted called the "PAPRIKA SIGN" * Copious irrigation with io to 14 L of normal saline is expected. * The extent of... | 2,245 | medmcqa_train |
Effect ot progesterone on lipids : | Lowers HDL & increases LDL | 2,246 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following poisoning, pralidoxime is ineffective? | Oximes are used to displace organophosphates from the active site of acetylcholinesterase, thus reactivating the enzyme. Pralidoxime is a specific antidote that restores acetylcholinesterase activity by regenerating phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase and appears to prevent toxicity by detoxifying the remaining organop... | 2,247 | medmcqa_train |
The earliest indicator of response after staing iron in a 6 year old girl with iron deficiency is: | Following iron therapy in a child with iron deficiency anemia, initial bone marrow response is seen within 48hours. The earliest response seen is a rise in the level of reticulocyte which occur by the 2nd to 3rd day. This is followed by elevation of hemoglobin level. After the correction of the hemoglobin levels, body ... | 2,248 | medmcqa_train |
The patient with oro-cutaneous hamaomatous tumours, gastrointestinal polyps, abnormalities of the breast, thyroid gland and genitourinary system is suffering from which of the following? | Cowden's syndrome or multiple hamaoma syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterised by orocutaneous hamaomatous tumours, gastrointestinal polyps, abnormalities of the breast, thyroid gland and genitourinary system. The gastrointestinal polyps are generally benign and malignant transformation is seen very... | 2,249 | medmcqa_train |
Vaccine routinely given in pregnancy : | Tetanus | 2,250 | medmcqa_train |
Shortest acting local anaesthetic agent is – | Chlorprocaine is the shortest acting LA. Amongst the given options procaine is shortest acting. | 2,251 | medmcqa_train |
Indication for fundoplication? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., GERD o Fundoplication is indicated in patients of GERD in following conditions-Patients with evidence of severe esophageal injury (ulcer/stricture/barrett's).No response''relapse/incomplete resolution on medical therapy.Patients with long duration of symptoms.Patients with persistant symptoms at a you... | 2,252 | medmcqa_train |
Contraindications for Medical aboions are all except: | Age is no contraindication for medical aboion. Contraindications for medical aboions; Hemoglobin less than 8 gm% Undiagnosed adnexal mass Uncontrolled seizure disorder Uncontrolled coagulation disorders etc | 2,253 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about bacillus anthrax except | The anthrax toxin is encoded by a separate plasmid. It is a complex of three fractions: A)Edema factor B)Protective antigen factor and C)Lethal factor Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and panicker's; 10th edition; Page no: 249 | 2,254 | medmcqa_train |
Concentration of agar used for solid agar to Inhibit Proteus swarming | For solid agar - 1-2%
For Semisolid agar - 0.5%
For solid agar to inhibit proteus swarming - 6% | 2,255 | medmcqa_train |
Actions of cholecystokinin include which one of the following? | FUNCTIONS: Stimulates pancreatic acinar cell enzymes secretion. Causes contraction of gallbladder. Secretion of enzyme-rich pancreatic juice. Increases enterokinase secretion | 2,256 | medmcqa_train |
For anesthesiology mild systemic disease included in ASA grade- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2 ASA GradePatient conditionASA 1Normal healthy patient (no physical or mental illness)ASA 2Mild systemic disease not limiting functional activity(mild heart disease, DM, Mild hypertension, Anemia, Old age, obesity, mild chronic bronchitis)ASA 3Severe systemic disease that limits activity but not inca... | 2,257 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 year old female reports of sudden bouts of anxiety which would occur anytime and associated with sweating, palpitation, derealization, and feeling of going crazy. These episodes would last for 20 -25 minutes. So much so that she fears of having these episodes in future. All routine investigations are normal. What ... | Ans. C. Panic disorderPanic attack: acute intense attack of anxiety accompanied by feelings of impending doom.Symptoms during panic attack usually involve* Sudden onset of palpitations, Sweating, Trembling or shaking,* Shortness of breath, Feelings of choking, Chest pain,* Nausea/abdominal distress, Feeling dizzy, unst... | 2,258 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is a stomach poison for the larvae of insects of medical importance? | Insecticides are substances used to kill insects.
They are contact poisons,stomach poisons,fumigants.
Stomach poisons are those which when ingested cause death of the insects.
Examples are paris green and sodium flouride. DDT and pyrethrum are synthetic and natural contact poisons respectively.
Parks textbook of pre... | 2,259 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following change occur secondary to hypercarbia? | Hypercarbia from any cause increase the release of catecholamines and cause hypeension. It cause increase in HR, myocardial contractility, high systolic blood pressure, wide pulse pressure, greater cardiac output and higher pulmonary pressures. Effects of hypercarbia are: Increased respiratory drive Anxiety, restlessne... | 2,260 | medmcqa_train |
Sumatriptan exerts antimigraine action through which receptors? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 5HT ID/IB * Sumatriptan is the first selective 5-HT1D/1B receptor agonist; activates other subtypes of 5-HT1 receptors only at very high concentrations, and does not interact with 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4-7, a or b adrenergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic or GABA receptors. | 2,261 | medmcqa_train |
Birth rate is - | Fertility
By fertility is meant the actual bearing of children.
A woman's reproductive period is roughly from 15 to 45 years - a period of 30 years.
Measurement of fertility are :-
Birth rate
General fertility rate (GFR)
General marital fertility rate (GMFR)
Age specific fertility rate (ASFR)
Age specific ... | 2,262 | medmcqa_train |
Patient with 20 weeks size uterus & vesicular mole. Treatment is: | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Suction evacuation * Vacuum aspiration: Suction evacuation is the treatment of choice for hydatidiform mole, regardless of uterine size. After most of the molar tissue has been removed by aspiration, oxytocin is given. After the myometrium has contracted, thorough but gentle curettage with a large sha... | 2,263 | medmcqa_train |
Influenza virus belongs to family - | Ans. is 'c* i.e., Orthomyxoviridae RNA VirusesPicornaviridae:Poliovirus, Coxsackievirus, Eehovirus, Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, Hepatitis A virusCalicivtridae: Norwalk virus. Hepatitis E virusTogaviridae: Rubella virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virusFlaviviridae: Yellow fever virus, D... | 2,264 | medmcqa_train |
Diabetic neuropathy is a: | ANSWER: (D) All aboveREF: Harrison 16th ed page 2165'Diabetic neuropathy occurs in 50% of individuals with long-standing type 1 and type 2 DM. It may manifest as polyneuropathy, mononeuropathy, and/or autonomic neuropathy""Most common form of diabetic neuropathy is distal symmetric polyneuropathy. It most frequently pr... | 2,265 | medmcqa_train |
Vitamin K is required for | Carboxylation The only known biological role of vitamin K is as a cofactor for an enzyme carboxylase that catalyzes carboxylation of glutamic acid residues on vitamin K-dependent proteins. The key vitamin K-dependent proteins include: Coagulation proteins: factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X Anticoagulation protein... | 2,266 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following most often causes cholestatic jaundice: | Erythromycin estolate | 2,267 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest cause of loss of vision in non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy is – | Macular edema is the most common cause of loss of vision in NPDR. | 2,268 | medmcqa_train |
"Telescope fingers" occur in | Ahritis mutilans (A feature of psoriatic ahritis) This is a deforming erosive ahritis targeting the fingers and toes; it occurs in 5% of cases of PsA. Prominent cailage and bone destruction results in marked instability. The encasing skin appears invaginated and 'telescoped' ('main en lorgnette') and the finger can be ... | 2,269 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old patient complains of pain abdomen for 5 days, with similar history in recent past as well. On examination, localized tenderness in right upper quadrant on deep palpation is observed. A slight yellowish discoloration of skin is noted as well. USG examination reveals the following findings. If this patient ... | Cholesterol stone Pigment stone Mixed stone The USG shows BILIARY ASCARIASIS which is associated with pigment gall stones. Unconjugated bilirubin is normally a minor component of bile, but it will increase when infection of the biliary tract occurs that leads to release of microbial b-glucuronidases, which hydrolyze bi... | 2,270 | medmcqa_train |
Which muscle originates from tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane? | TIBIALIS POSTERIOR:Origin: upper two-thirds of lateral pa of posterior surface of tibia below the soleal line.Posterior surface of fibula in front of medial crest Posterior surface of interosseous membrane.Popliteus: arises from lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur.origin is intracapsular.lateral meniscus of kne... | 2,271 | medmcqa_train |
Boutonneuse fever is caused by- | Boutonneuse fever (also called, fievre boutonneuse, Kenya tick typhus, Indian tick typhus, Marseilles fever, African tick-bite fever, or Astrakhan fever) is a fever as a result of a Rickettsial infection caused by the bacterium Rickettsia conorii Transmitted by the dog tick - Rhipicephalus sanguineus. | 2,272 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the least filtered in glomerules? (Which substance is least lost in urine) | Hemoglobin is the least filtered in glomerules and when it is secreted in high levels it is called hemoglobinuria most common in porphyrias. Ref: Ganong's review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no; 678 | 2,273 | medmcqa_train |
Structures lying deep to posterior belly of digastricare all. Except: | Retromandibular vein Ref: BDC Anatomy 4/e vol. III p157; Gray's Anatomy 40/e p441The Retromandibular vein lies superficial to the posterior belly of digastric.Structures lying deep to the posterior belly of digastric are:a.Transverse process of atlasb.Muscles- hyoglossus, superior oblique and the rectus capitis lateral... | 2,274 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-year-old woman with no past medical history has an elevated blood pressure of 165/80 mm Hg on routine evaluation. Repeated measurements over the next month confirm the elevated pressure. Physical examination, routine blood count, and biochemistry are all normalFor patient with high blood pressure, select the most ... | Thiazides have been a cornerstone in most trials of antihypertensive therapy. Their adverse metabolic consequences include renal potassium loss leading to hypokalemia, hyperuricemia from uric acid retention, carbohydrate intolerance, and hyperlipidemia. The current U.S. Joint National Committee (JNC-7) guidelines sugge... | 2,275 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following types of Carcinoma Breast, Comedo growth pattern in seen ? | - Historically, ductal carcinoma in situ (intraductal carcinoma) has been divided
into five architectural subtypes : comedocarcinoma, solid, cribriform, papillary and micropapillary.
Comedocarcinoma is characterized by solid sheets of pleomorphic cells with high grade nuclei and central necrosis
The necrotic cell membr... | 2,276 | medmcqa_train |
Syndrome of Inappropriate secretion of Anti-Diuretic hormone (SIADH) may be seen in all of the following except? | CAUSES OF SIADH: Neoplastic Pulmonary CNS Drugs Other Small cell Mesothelioma Stomach Pancreas Bladder Prostate Endometrium Thymoma Leucaemia LymphomaSarcoma Pneumonia Abscess TB Aspergillosis Asthma Cystic fibrosis PPV Abscess Meningitis AIDS SDH SAH CVA Head Trauma MS GBS Desmopressin Oxytocin* Vasopressin SSRIs* Ant... | 2,277 | medmcqa_train |
Norepinephrine is metabolized by which of the following enzymes | Both COMT and MAO breakdown norepinephrine. Ref:- KD Tripathi | 2,278 | medmcqa_train |
Force not acting in an enzyme substrate complex : | Vander Walls' forces are too weak, to actively paicipate in formation of enzyme- substrate complex. Forces contribute in binding are:- Hydrogen bondingQ- Ionic (electrostatic) bonding- Hydrophobic interactionEnzymes function to decrease the activation energy so that reactions can occur at normal body temperature. The s... | 2,279 | medmcqa_train |
Thrombocytopenia is caused by: - | Causes of thrombocytopenia: I. -Decreased production of platelets: 1)selective impairment of platelet production: a)drug induced : alcohol , thiazides . b) Infections : measles, HIV .Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs as a complication of a wide variety of disorders. DIC is caused by the systemic activ... | 2,280 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a stimulus for normal/resting ventilation? | J receptors are activated by pulmonary congestion, increase in the interstitial fluid volume of the alveolar wall, hyperventilation, and intravenous injection of chemicals like capsaicin. So, J receptors are not a stimulus for normal respiration Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 658 | 2,281 | medmcqa_train |
Most common recurrence sites or metastatic sites of malignancy following pelvic surgery are all except : | Recurrence sites of malignancy Ca Cervix : 30% recurrence after 5 years and sites are pelvic side walls and central pelvis Choriocarcinoma : lower third of the vagina and vulva Carcinoma body : by implantation in vulva,vaginal vault pg no:365] SHAW'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY,15th edition D.C.DUTTA'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOG... | 2,282 | medmcqa_train |
Bifurcation of trachea is at | Trachea bifurcates at the lower border of fouh thoracic veebrae. <img src=" /> BA CHAURASIA'S HUMAN ANATOMY VOLUME 1. 6TH EDITION.page no-280 | 2,283 | medmcqa_train |
Alopecia universalis is? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Loss of all body hair * In alopecia aerata, when there is total loss of scalp hair it is called Alopecia totalis. When there is loss of total body hair it is referred as Alopecia universalis. Alopecia along the scalp margin is called ophiasis. An inverse ophiasis pattern (sisaphio) is when it spares o... | 2,284 | medmcqa_train |
Bent inner tube sign is seen in | Ans. (a) VolvulusRef: Manipal Manual of surgery, 4th ed./739* In sigmoid volvulus, the X ray abdomen erect shows hugely dilated sigmoid loop called bent inner tube sign.* Acute sigmoid volvulus presents as intestinal obstruction and starts after straining at stool. It occurs in anti-clockwise direction and after one an... | 2,285 | medmcqa_train |
Von-Meyenburg's complexes are seen in - | Von Meyenburg Complexes
Close to or within the portal tract, these are small clusters of modestly dilated bile ducts embedded in a fibrous, sometimes hyalinised stroma.
Although these "bile duct microhamartomas" may communicate with the biliary tree, they generally are free of the pigmented material tree.
They presuma... | 2,286 | medmcqa_train |
A male patient 56 year old complains of swelling in legs. He is a known case of hypertension and is under treatment. On general physical examination pitting oedema is seen on legs and TSH level 3mU/L. Which of the following is not a cause of this condition? | Most leg swelling is caused by oedema, the accumulation of fluid within the interstitial space. Unilateral swelling usually indicates a localised pathology in either the venous or the lymphatic system, while bilateral oedema often represents generalised fluid overload combined with the effects of gravity. However, all ca... | 2,287 | medmcqa_train |
Open anterior fontanelle, bruit present. Midline lesion in brain diagnosis - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Malformation of vein of galen o Open anterior fontanel seen in all 4 condition.o Cranial Bruits which is heard over anterior fontanel may be seen normally in children upto 4 years of age.o AV malformation of middle cerebral artery or vein of galen.o Severe anemia, raised intracranial pressure may also... | 2,288 | medmcqa_train |
FeCl3 test is used in diagnosis of: NEET 14 | Ans. Phenol | 2,289 | medmcqa_train |
Enchondral ossification is/are seen in- | Endochondral (enchondral) ossification → long bones, vertebrae, pelvis, skull base bones.
Intramembranous ossification → Skull vault, maxilla, most of mandible, and clavicle. | 2,290 | medmcqa_train |
Cubitus varus deformity in supracondylar fracture of humerus is usually due to | Ans. c (Coronal tilt) (Ref. Bailey & Love surgery, 24th/pg. 375; Orthopedics by John Ebnezar - Pg.155)Malunion (gunstock deformity/cubitus varus) can result from tilt in the coronal plane, and is the most common late complication of supracondylar fracture.SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURE OF HUMERUS# There are two types of suprac... | 2,291 | medmcqa_train |
An 80-year-old man is brought to dermatology OPD by his son for recently noticed skin lesion. A biopsy is carried out with HPE as shown. Which of the following option cannot be used as a management for the above clinical scenario? | All of the given options are used in the management of the basal cell carcinoma. Skin lesion shows pearly rolled telangiectatic borders with central ulceration suggestive of BCC. HPE: shows lobulated nest of neoplastic cells with retraction and palisaded basal layer. Findings are suggestive of BASAL CELL CARCINOMA. Tre... | 2,292 | medmcqa_train |
The antibiotic of choice of pertussis is – | Treatment of pertussis
DOC → Macrolides (Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin)
Alternative → Cotrimoxazole | 2,293 | medmcqa_train |
Hepatitis virus without envelope: | Ans. (a) HAV Ref. Harrison 19/e, p 2006, 18/e, p 2539 HAV is a nonenveloped ss RNA virus of picorna family For details see answer no 12 of chapter 27. | 2,294 | medmcqa_train |
Most common tumor to extend from intracranial to orbit is- | *Meningiomas commonly arise from the dura of sphenoid wing, i.e.sphenoid wing meningioma. Ref:Opthalmic oncology p.84. | 2,295 | medmcqa_train |
Ninhydrin test is used for ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amino acids Impoant chemical reactions of amino acids Following are some impoant chemical reactions. A. Reaction used to determine amino acid sequence in polypeptide chain : - Generally, amino terminal (N-terminal) of amino acid is tagged with some reagent. It is split off by hydrolysis and tagged ami... | 2,296 | medmcqa_train |
Colipase is an enzyme found in--------? | Pancreatic juice contains lipase, colipase, phospholipase A & B Colipase: Facilitates the action of lipase Prevents inactivation of lipase by bile salts SALIVA: 2 types of secretion 1. Serous: contains ptyalin (a amylase ) - digest carbs 2. Mucus: contains mucin - for lubrication & protection STOMACH: Mucus neck cells ... | 2,297 | medmcqa_train |
Optic atrophy can be caused by....poisoning : | C i.e. Methyl alcohol | 2,298 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the least likely complication after massive blood transfusion, except | Massive transfusion can lead to coagulopathy and metabolic complications. MC cause of death after massive transfusion: dilutional coagulopathy or DIC. Transfusion of 15-20 units of blood components causes dilutional thrombocytopenia. After massive blood transfusion initially transient hyperglycemia due to glucose in pr... | 2,299 | medmcqa_train |
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