query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Pasteurization of milk is achieved by boiling at - | In holder method milk is kept at 63-66 deg C for atleast 30 min.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-606 | 21,400 | medmcqa_train |
A 60 years old male with history of 60-pack years of smoking is now diagnosed to be suffering from carcinoma lung. Histologic evaluation of the tumor revealed small, highly mitotic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. Which of the following clinical presentation might occur in the patient during the course of illness? | Ans. c. Thin limbs and obese trunks (Ref: Harrison 19/e p610, 2271, 2314, 18/e p745, 829, 2945, 3061-3062; Robbins 9/e p717, 8/e p729, 730)In a 60 years old male with history of 55 pack years, who presented with chronic cough. Biopsy of lung showed small hyperchromatic nuclei and highly mitotic cells, which is suggesti... | 21,401 | medmcqa_train |
Supreme LMA characteristic is | LMA Supreme is one of the most advanced laryngeal mask airway (LMA)It has features of usual LMA with additional Built-in drain tube and a bite blockIt has high volume/ low-pressure cuff which generates higher seal pressureIt also provides a conduit for active suctioning of stomachIt can be used in infants as well as in... | 21,402 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following chemical nature makes a better antigen? | Antigens are usually peptides, polysaccharides or lipids. In general, molecules other than peptides (saccharides and lipids) qualify as antigens but not as immunogens since they cannot elicit an immune response on their own. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:88 | 21,403 | medmcqa_train |
True about the pancreas is | (D) Arterial supply to the pancreas is through the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries | 21,404 | medmcqa_train |
Fungus not cultivable usually is | Histoplasma- SDA or brain hea infusion agar. Cryptococcus- SDA and Niger seed agar media( Brown colonies). Dermatophytes - sabouraud glucose neopeptone agar, sabouraud agar. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Baveja; 4th edition | 21,405 | medmcqa_train |
Mesangial deposition of electron dense substance seen in? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., IgA nephropathyIgA Nephropathy: shows presence of electron dense deposits in the mesangium. | 21,406 | medmcqa_train |
DMPA causes all the following EXCEPT: | Ans. D. ThromboembolismDraw backs of DMP A is - frequent irregular menstrual bleeding, spotting and amenorrhoea are common, weight gain. | 21,407 | medmcqa_train |
Le Fo classification involves fracture of | Le Fo classification involves the fractures of maxilla which includes transverse fracture, pyramidal fracture and craniofacial dysfunction. Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 207 | 21,408 | medmcqa_train |
Radiation is most commonly associated with which of the following cancer ? | Answer- A. LeukemiaLeukemia is the most common radiation induced cancer. All leukemias, except CLL, can be caused by radiations. | 21,409 | medmcqa_train |
Dose of insulin in stable diabetics is reduced in- | Insulin in CRF The kidneys carry out one third of exogenous insulin degradation. It is filtered at the glomerulus and is absorbed by the proximal tubule. Sixty percent of the renal clearance is due to glomerular filtration and 40% in the secretion by uptake from peritubular vessels. Reduction in renal filtration is pai... | 21,410 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true regarding seminoma? | Seminoma is very rare in infants. Alpha fetoprotein is not raised in seminoma. | 21,411 | medmcqa_train |
Ligament of Berry in thyroid fixes | (Cricoid Cartilage) (166-BDC-3)4th editionCapsules of Thyroid1. The true capsule is the peripheral condensation of the connective tissue of the gland2. The false capsule is derived from the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia. It is thin along the posterior border of the lobes, but thick on the inner surface ... | 21,412 | medmcqa_train |
If amphotericin B is administered, the patient should not be premedicated with: | Amphotericin B infusion is associated with Acute Reaction which consists of chills, fever, aches and pain all over, nausea, vomiting and dyspnoea lasting for 2- 5 hour, probably due to release of cytokines (IL, TNFa). Therefore to prevent this reaction, patient should be premedicated with: H1 antihistaminics like diphe... | 21,413 | medmcqa_train |
The following test is not used for diagnosis of leprosy : | A i.e. Lepromin test | 21,414 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding autonomic system is | Autonomic nervous system
- The highest centre is the hypothalamus.
- Conduction speed is slower in ANS compared to somatic nerves. ANS is non-myelinated.
- Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are lengthier because parasympathetic ganglia lie closer to the organs.
- Ratios of preganglionic ... | 21,415 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following type of joint is classified as immovable joint? | Immovable joints or synahroses are classified into three types: sutures, gomphoses and synchondroses. Aicular surfaces of the two bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue.Sutures are fibrous joints with closely united opposing surfaces such as the coronal suture.Gomphoses are joints which has a conical proc... | 21,416 | medmcqa_train |
Which anti-tubercular drug is implicated in the causation of transient memory loss? | Isoniazid (lsonicotinic acid hydrazide, H): Isoniazid is the antitubercular drug parexcellence, and an essential component of all antitubercular regimens, unless the patient is not able to tolerate it or bacilli are resistant. lt is primarily tuberculocidal. Fast multiplying organisms are rapidly killed, but quiescent ... | 21,417 | medmcqa_train |
Smita is a case of infeility. What is the right time in her menstrual cycle to do endometrial biopsy. | Ans. is c i.e. 20 - 22 days ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY OPD procedure for hormonal evaluation in case of infeility / DUB/TB. Usually performed in pre - menstrual phase from lateral wall of vagina. Interpretation : Presence of secretory endometrium Progesterone phase (cycles has been ovulatory) Presence of proliferative endometr... | 21,418 | medmcqa_train |
Main pancreatic duct is derived from: | The pancreas develops from the two endodermal buds, dorsal and ventral, that arise from the pa of the gut that later forms the second pa of the duodenum. The ventral bud forms the lower pa of the head, and the uncinate process of the pancreas, while the upper pa of the head, the body and the tail are formed from the do... | 21,419 | medmcqa_train |
Neil Mooser reaction or Tunica reaction is useful to diffferentiate between? | ANSWER: (A) R. prowazekii 8t R. typhiSelf Assessment & Review Microbiology Immunology 4th edition by Chaurasia page 224, Textbook of Microbiology & Immunology by Subhash Chandra Parija page 427"R. typhi is differentiated from R. prowazekii by Neil Moser reaction and by partial DNA homology"NEIL MOSER REACTION: Neil Mos... | 21,420 | medmcqa_train |
A 22-year-old homeless person with a known drug abuse problem and multiple opportunistic infections has a positive PPD (purified protein) test. Which of the following is the most common way this infection is acquired? | The respiratory tract is a common portal of entry to such airborne organisms as M. tuberculosis. This is why respiratory precautions must be taken when patients are harboring viable M. tuberculosis. The GI tract is usually infected from ingestion of contaminated food or water (Shigella, Salmonella, and Campylobacter) o... | 21,421 | medmcqa_train |
C D-99 is for - | CD 99 is a marker associated with the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.
Granulosa cell tumour is also often found to be associated with CD 99. | 21,422 | medmcqa_train |
40 db compared to 20 db is - | SPL = Sound pressure level
If a sound has an SPL of 1000 i.e (103) times, the reference of sound, it is expressed as
20 × log 1000 = 20 × 3 = 60 dB (as log 1000 = 3)
Now in the Q sound is 20 dB, that means to get 20 as the answer, 20 has to be multiplied by 1, i.e the SPL of this sound is 10 (because
log 10 is 1).
Now ... | 21,423 | medmcqa_train |
Oral hairy leukoplakia is caused by ? | Oral hairy leukoplakia is caused by EBV. EBV causes: - Infectious mononucleosis - Naso pharyngeal carcinoma - Burkitts lymphoma - Hodgkin's lymphoma / Non Hodgkin lymphoma - Tonsillar carcinoma - Oral hairy leukoplakia. (Refer to the image below) - Duncan syndrome. fig:- Oral hairy leukoplakia Other viruses in the opti... | 21,424 | medmcqa_train |
Anterior relations of right ureter are all EXCEPT | Abdominal aery divides into common iliac aery which divides into external and internal iliac aeries. Gonadal aeries crosses ureter anteriorly. Right colic aery a branch of superior mesentric aery crosses ureter anteriorly. Left colic aery branch of inferior mesentric aery crosses ureter anteriorly. But bifurcation of r... | 21,425 | medmcqa_train |
Cherry red color in postmoem staining is a feature of poisoning with: WB 08; NEET 13 | Ans. CO | 21,426 | medmcqa_train |
In a complete section of the ulnar nerve at the wrist, disability of the hand results from the paralysis of | Interossei involve all digits hence produce complete disability. Hypothenar muscles are paralyzed but affect only the muscles of the little finger. Branches to FDP and FCU are given off in the forearm and hence intact in a wrist lesion.** Both interossei, hypothenar effected, question asks which causes more disability ... | 21,427 | medmcqa_train |
In acoustic neuroma, cranial nerve to be involved earliest is | The earliest cranial nerve to be involved is V nerve causing reduced corneal sensitivity. Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 125 | 21,428 | medmcqa_train |
A previously healthy infant presents with recurrent episode of abdominal pain. The mother says that the child has been passing altered stool after episodes of pain, but gives no history of vomiting or bleeding per rectum. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis - | Ans is 'b' i.e., Intussuception o The infant in question has: (i) Recurrent episodes of abdominal pain (ii) Passing of altered stools after episodes of pain (iii) No vomiting or bleeding per rectum. o Most common presentation of rectal polyps and Meckel's diveiculum is painless rectal bleeding (option a & c are ruled o... | 21,429 | medmcqa_train |
The best indicator of acute malnutrition is | Severe acute malnutrition is defined by a very low weight for height (below-3z scores of the median WHO growth standards), by visible severe wasting, or by the presence of nutritional edema.(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 301) | 21,430 | medmcqa_train |
Organism lacking cell wall: | Ans: d (Mycoplasma) Ref: Ananthanarayanan, 7th ed, p. 395Mycoplasma are a group of bacteria that are devoid of cell walls and so highly pleomorphic with no size and shape.The cells are bounded by a soft trilaminar unit membrane containing sterols.Cell wall: Between capsule & cytoplasmic membrane-CELL WALL COMPONENTS Gr... | 21,431 | medmcqa_train |
Thermally dimorphic fungus is all except: | Ans. C. CandidaDimorphic fungi:Have yeast form in host & in vitro at 37degon enriched media and hyphal (mycelial) form in vitro (25degC) e.g.1. Histoplasma capsulatum2. Coccioidesimmitis3. Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis4. Blastomyces dermatitidis5. Sporothrixschenckii6. Penicillium marneffi | 21,432 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not an antioxidant | Antioxidant vitamins are beta carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E. | 21,433 | medmcqa_train |
Laser irodotomy is done in: March 2012 | Ans: A i.e. Angle closure glaucoma Management of glaucoma Nd: YAG iridotomy (both eyes) is done in acute, subacute & chronic primary angle closure glaucoma Surgical procedures for primary open angle glaucoma include laser trabeculoplasty & trabeculectomy if required Angle closure because of fibrosis/ Neovascular glauco... | 21,434 | medmcqa_train |
For which of the following condition Tanner staging system is used? | Tanner stages was developed to describe normal pubeal development. With pubey, primary sexual characteristics of the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries initially undergo an intricate maturation process. This maturation leads to the complex development of secondary sexual characteristics involving the breast, sexual h... | 21,435 | medmcqa_train |
CLIP staging systems is used for classification for which of the following disease? | Hepatoma Table: Clip Staging Systems for Hepatocellular Carcinoma CLIP Classification Points Variables 0 1 2 1.Tumor number Single Multiple - Hepatic replacement by tumor (%) <50 <50 >50 2.Child - pugh score A B C 3. Fetoprotein <400 <400 - | 21,436 | medmcqa_train |
Surgery of choice for congenital cataract ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., ECCE Surgery for congenital or developmental cataract Cataract surgery is the treatment of choice for congenital and developmental cataract. Extracapsular cataract extraction (extracapsular removal of the cataractous lens) is the surgery of choice.This is done by phacoemulsification. Intracapsular cat... | 21,437 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is/are true about medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) and its lesion except | Ans. (a) Unilateral lesion result in adduction palsy of opposite eyeRef: Kanski 7/c, p. 839MLF lesion leads to contralateral gaze defect with ipsilateral adduction defect.It helps in horizontal gaze, that is both eyes moving towards right or left, Conjugate or version movement | 21,438 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest causative organism for ASOM in 2 years child is: | Most common cause of acute otitis media:Streptococcus pneumonia / pneumococcus (35-40% cases)H. influenza (25-30%)M. catarrhalis (10-20%) | 21,439 | medmcqa_train |
Subclan steal syndrome results due to obstruction of | The proximal pa of left subclan is blocked on left side so no flow in veebral and to left arm. Blood from right veebral enters left veebral and flows back to supply left arm. | 21,440 | medmcqa_train |
CA-125 is marker for: September 2007 | Ans. B: Ovarian cancerCA-125 is an antigen present on 80 percent of nonmucinous ovarian carcinomas.It is defined by a monoclonal antibody (0C125) that was generated by immunizing laboratory mice with a cell line established from human ovarian carcinoma.It circulates in the serum of patients with ovarian carcinoma and w... | 21,441 | medmcqa_train |
Unit of turbidity is calculated by ? | Ans: A. Measuring the scattered light at 90degIT is involved with measuring the amount of transmitted light (and calculating the absorbed light) by paicles in suspension to determine the concentration of the substance in question.Amount of absorbed light, and therefore, concentration is dependent on, Number of paicles,... | 21,442 | medmcqa_train |
Rh incomatibility is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Type II hypersensitivityo Rh incomplatability (erythroblastosis fetalis) is a type II hypeosensiutivity. | 21,443 | medmcqa_train |
Bilateral proptosis in children is the most common presentation of: | Ans. b. Leukemi Leukemic infiltration into the orbit (chloroma) is the most common cause of bilateral proptosis in children amongst the option provided. The most common cause of bilateral proptosis in children is not definitively established, but metastatic neuroblastoma and/or leukemia (chloroma) should be considered ... | 21,444 | medmcqa_train |
Mammography was performed in 45 year old female for screening of breast cancer. The finding is suggestive of | Mammography Soft tissue radiographs are taken by placing the breast in direct contact with ultrasensitive film and exposing it to low-voltage, high-amperage x-rays. The dose of radiation is approximately 0.1 cGy and, therefore, mammography is a very safe investigation. The sensitivity of this investigation increases wi... | 21,445 | medmcqa_train |
Transducin is a protein found in: | Retina REF: Ganong 22nd edition, chapter 8, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transducin Transducin (also called Gt) is a heterotrimeric G protein that is naturally expressed in veebrate retina rods and cones. Mechanism of action: Heterotrimeric Transducin (alpha-beta-gamma subunits) is activated by a conformational change ... | 21,446 | medmcqa_train |
Which is true of cholesteatoma: | Ans. B Erodes the bone Normally middle ear is not lined by keratinising squamous epithelium. If keratinising squamous epithelium is present anywhere in the middle ear or mastoid, it is called as cholesteatoma. The term cholesteatoma literally means - "Skin in the wrong place." It is a misnomer because neither it contai... | 21,447 | medmcqa_train |
True about Salter harris classification is- | Salter-Harris types Feature 1 Fracture line is entirely with in Physis causing epiphyseal slip 2 Fracture line extends from physis into the Metaphysis (Thurston-Holland's fragment sign) 3 Fracture line extends from physis into the Epiphysis causing epiphyseal split 4 Fracture line extends across the Epiphysis, (aicular... | 21,448 | medmcqa_train |
Coffee bean appearance is seen with: | Sigmoid volvulus produces a characteristic bent inner tube or coffee bean appearance, with the convexity of the loop lying in the right upper quadrant. Gastrografin enema shows a narrowing at the site of the volvulus and a pathognomonic bird's beak Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th edition, chapter 29. | 21,449 | medmcqa_train |
Bed of tonsil is formed by- | Ans. A. Superior constrictorThe tonsillar bed-a. The lateral or deep surface of the tonsil spreads downwards, upwards and forwards.b. Inferiorly, it invades the dorsum of the tongue, superiorly, the soft palate, and, anteriorly, it may extend for some distance under the palatoglossal arch.c. This deep, lateral aspect i... | 21,450 | medmcqa_train |
Tumor lysis syndrome is associated with all of he following laboratory feature except- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypercalcemia Tumour lysis svndrome|Destruction of large number of rapidly proliferating cellsHyperuricemiaHyperphosphatemiaHyperkalemia|||Uric acid pptCauses reciprocalArrhythmiasin tubulesdecrease in calcium || Renal failure-Hypocalcemia | 21,451 | medmcqa_train |
The superior vesical arteries are direct branches of the | The umbilical artery is a branch of the internal iliac artery. In the fetus, the umbilical artery passes over the bladder and continues up the anterior body wall to the umbilical cord and out to the placenta. As it passes the bladder, it gives rise to the superior vesical arteries. After birth, the part of the artery d... | 21,452 | medmcqa_train |
GABA- B receptor is which type of receptor - | Ans: B. Metabotropic transmembrane receptor(Ref : KDT //e p. 399, 402 6 6h/e p. 395; Katzung 17th/e p' 377-378; lP/e p' 355)Metabotropic recePtors:Are G-protein coupled receptors which act through second messenger.Examples: GABA-B receptors, Muscarinic (M1 to M5) | 21,453 | medmcqa_train |
Neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphoenia, and eosinopenia are most likely associated with which of the following disorders? | Neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia are most likely associated with Cushing syndrome and the hypercortisolism associated with the syndrome. Cortisol decreases neutrophil adhesion in the peripheral blood, thus releasing the marginating pool into the circulation. Cortisol also increases lymphocyte ... | 21,454 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is unaffected in leprosy | The unique feature of leprosy is its predilection for the surface of the body and also for the cool part of the surface. Ovary and other deeply placed glands and organs are unaffected. | 21,455 | medmcqa_train |
Antihypeensive not contraindicated in pregnancy? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Labetolol See above question | 21,456 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a synol joint of the condyloid variety? | A condyloid joint is a modified ball and socket joint that allows primary movement within two perpendicular axes, passive or secondary movement may occur on third axes. These joints allow flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction movements (circumduction). Examples include the wrist-joint (Radiocarpal joint ) metaca... | 21,457 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following diseases is under international surveillance: March 2010 | Ans. D: All of the above | 21,458 | medmcqa_train |
Most common primary intraocular tumor in children | Ans. (a) RetinoblastomaRef: Kanski 7/e, p. 510Retinoblastoma - most common intraocular tumor in children.Rhabdomyosarcoma - most common orbital malignant tumor in children. | 21,459 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used in ameliorative test for myasthenia gravis is: | Ans. (B) Edrophonium(Ref: KDT 8th/e p121)Drug used in ameliorative test (tensilon test) for myasthenia gravis is edrophonium. It is a cholinergic drug and can be used for diagnosis of myasthenia gravis because of its short duration of action (10 - 30 min.) | 21,460 | medmcqa_train |
Glycoproteins are ? | Glycoprotein are conjugated proteins. They consists of protein to which sho branched, oligosaccharides are covalently attached.Proteoglycans are carbohydrates to which small amount of protein is attached. Proteoglycans consists of 95% of carbohydrate and 5. 5% of protein. To know the structure of proteoglycans, one sho... | 21,461 | medmcqa_train |
Not given in under supervised regimen: | Dapsone | 21,462 | medmcqa_train |
Interstitial lung disease is seen in - | Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan) 6th edition,page no.495 ILD ASSOCIATED WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES A number of connective tissue diseases or collagen diseases may result in chronic interstitial fibrosis and destruction of blood vessels. The lung involvement in impoant forms of collagen diseases is briefly c... | 21,463 | medmcqa_train |
A 45 years old female patient presents with abdominal discomfort. On pelvic examination, there is enlargement of uterus with absence of nodularity. She is sexually active and uses contraception. Biopsy revealed extension of endometrial glands to the myometrium. The most accurate diagnosis is | Answer: a) Adenomyosis.ADENOMYOSIS (Uterine Endometriosis)/ diffuse endometriosis internaPresence of functioning endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium.Normal endometrial glands grow into the myometrium.Myometrial cells around become hypertrophy and hyperplasia compensativelyProposed by Cullen in 1908, the the... | 21,464 | medmcqa_train |
A 9 year-old girl presents with an annular plaque on the arm with peripheral scale. Topical nystatin ointment is prescribed and 2 weeks later the rash is unchanged. What is the next best step? | Characteristic lesions on arm with annular plaque and peripheral scaling is seen in dermatophyte infection Treatment involves the use of oral terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole, griseofulvin or one of several well-tried topical preparations. | 21,465 | medmcqa_train |
The most common pure germ cell tumor of the ovary is: | Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell malignancy of the ovary, accounting for about 40% of all ovarian cancers of germ cell origin. Ref: Multimodality Therapy in Gynecologic Oncology By BU. Sevin, 1996, Page 137 | 21,466 | medmcqa_train |
A woman presents to a dermatologist because she has lost almost all the hair on her body, including scalp hair, eyebrows, eyelashes, armpit and groin hair, and the fine hairs on her body and extremities. She most likely has a variant of which of the following? | Alopecia areata is caused by an autoimmune attack on hair follicles. It has a wide range of clinical severity, with most cases involving a localized patch of hair (which regrows within 1 year in half of the patients). The hair that does regrow may be gray or depigmented. More severe cases can involve the entire scalp (... | 21,467 | medmcqa_train |
In apoptosis, Apaf-1 is activated by release of which of the following substances from the mitochondria ? | Ans is 'd' i.e., Cytochrome CApoptosis is induced by a cascade of molecular events all of which culminate in the activation of caspases. 'In the cytosol cytochrome C binds to a protein called Apaf I (Apoptosis activating factor - 1) and the complex activates caspase 9' | 21,468 | medmcqa_train |
A child presents with sepsis. Bacteria isolated showed beta hemolysis on blood agar, resistance to bacitracin, and a positive CAMP test. The most probable organism causing infection is: | Streptococcus agalactiae is a group B hemolytic streptococci. They are normal flora of the female genital tract and an impoant cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. They hydolyze sodium hippucrate, typically beta hemolytic, gives a positive response to cAMP (Christie, Atkins and Munch-Peterson) and resistant to baci... | 21,469 | medmcqa_train |
A lady presented with secondary amenorrhea 6 months after having an aboion. Her FSH levels were measured as 6 mlU/ml what is the most probable diagnosis: | Since the lady in the question is having secondary amenorrhea following an aboion, uterine synechiae is the most likely cause. Low normal FSH level is consistent with uterine abnormality. (Normal serum FSH value in adult is woman is 5-20 mlU). Ref: Novak's, 14th Edition, Chapter 27; Speroff, 7th Edition, Chapter 11; Sh... | 21,470 | medmcqa_train |
Normal junctional Zone thickness of uterus is | Junctional zone thickness is normally 5mm. | 21,471 | medmcqa_train |
Which branch of facial nerve supplies muscles of lower lip? | Ans. D Mandibular branchRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 502Branches of facial nerve on face:* Temporal branch: Aka frontal branch; supplies muscles of forehead and orbicularis oculi muscle* Zygomatic branch: Supplies upper cheek and orbicularis oculi muscle* Buccal branch: Emerges from anterior border of parotid gland b... | 21,472 | medmcqa_train |
Trapezoid body is associated with: (PGI Dec 2006) | Ans : A (Auditory pathway) Trapezoid body is related to auditory pathwayQAuditory PathwaySuperior olivary nucleusQ -Lateral lemniscusQ -Inferior colliculusQ & Inferior brachium - Medial geniculate bodyQMedial geniculate body is related to auditory pathway1 whereas Lateral geniculate body is related to visual pathway9 | 21,473 | medmcqa_train |
Acidification of urine occur in? | Acidification of urine occur in PCTRef: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no; 712 | 21,474 | medmcqa_train |
Pantothenic acid containing coenzyme is involved in: | Pantothenic acid containing coenzyme is Coenzyme A, which is involved in Acetylation reactions. Biochemical Role of Pantothenic Acid- Acyl carrier protein: Role in fatty acid synthesis CoA: has role in TCA, haem synthesis, lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation. Active group of CoA is a free SH group or Thiol to which acyl ... | 21,475 | medmcqa_train |
Statement true about ketone bodies is | KETOSISUnder ceain metabolic conditions associated with a high rate of fatty acid oxidation, liver produces considerable quantities of compounds like acetoacetate and b-OH butyric acid, which pass by diffusion into the blood. Acetoacetate continually undergoes spontaneous decarboxylation to produce acetone. These three... | 21,476 | medmcqa_train |
'Saw tooth' appearance on barium enema may be seen in: March 2004 | Ans. A i.e. Diveicular disease of colon | 21,477 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following regarding esophagus are true except: | Ans b) Lower one third is lined by transitional epitheliumEsophagus- LiningMucosa - stratified squamous non keratinized epitheliumSubmucosa - mucous gland throughout its length and lymphoid tissueMuscularis externa - toughest layerUpper one third - Striated muscleMiddle one third - Striated & smooth muscleLower one thi... | 21,478 | medmcqa_train |
The injury to the marked area of skull will cause intracranial hemorrhage due to damage to which vessel | The marked structure is Pterion. It is the 'H' shaped point where frontal, parietal,temporal and sphenoid bones meet togather. Middle meningeal Aery lies under this point and is vulnerable to damage leading to EDH. Intracranial hemorrhage Type Vessel involved Head CT Epidural Middle meningeal aery Lenticular shaped Sub... | 21,479 | medmcqa_train |
Chronic constipation in children is seen in all A/E | Causes of constipation : Intestinal drugs metabolic neuromuscular others hirschsprung,sdisease anal stenosis anal fissure anteriorly displaced anal opening stricture narcotics vincristine psychotropics cystic fibrosis hypothyroidism panhypopituitarism cerebral palsy psychomotor retardation spinal cord lesions myotonic ... | 21,480 | medmcqa_train |
At a constant blood flow, an increase in the number of perfused capillaries improves the exchange between blood and tissue because of | . | 21,481 | medmcqa_train |
What will the estimated Pa02 after giving Fi02 at 0.5 in a normal person? | Answer- D. > 200 mmHgln normal person, the measured PA O2 should equal to 5 x FiO2 . For example, a patient breathing 40% O (FiO2 of 0.4) should have a PaO2 5 x 40 = 200 mmHg. A PA O2 less than 4 to 5 times the FiO2 suggest poor lung function or hypoventilation. | 21,482 | medmcqa_train |
On external examination the classical presentation of the body of traumatic asphyxia is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Masque ecchymotique The characteristic external findings in case of traumatic asphyxia are : i) Mosque ecchymotique refers to the classical appearance of ? Florid red or blue congestion of face and neck with variable involvement of the upper thorax, back and arms. Deep cyanosis of face. Numerous petec... | 21,483 | medmcqa_train |
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) initiative was taken to prevent morbidity and moality from all of the following, EXCEPT: | The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) was developed by the WHO and UNICEF in order to improvise child health in the aspects of immunization, nutrition, disease prevention and health promotion. The neonatal tetanus was not included in the list of commonest childhood problems. Ref: Park's Textbook of Soci... | 21,484 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 year old man who is alcoholic is admitted to hospital with acute pancreatitis. He is now having vomiting and feels dizzy while standing. On examination, the patient has severe epigastric tenderness in the right upper quadrant and decreased bowel sounds. Bluish discolouration is seen around the umbilicus. What is t... | Patient with acute pancreatitis have following C/F: Low grade fever Tachycardia Hypotension Severe abdominal pain of increasing intensity which radiated to back Bowel sounds become absent Bluish discolouration present in periumbilical area (cullen's sign), occurs because of hemoperitoneum Blue-red-purple or green-brown... | 21,485 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a cause of microcephaly? | Primary causes of microcephaly in children are - Mnemonic - Cannot See PEFR in Children Cri-du-chat Syndrome Smith Lemli Optiz Syndrome Patau syndrome Edward syndrome Familial Rubinstein Taybi syndrome Cornelia de Lange syndrome Also Know Acquired MIcrocephaly Q R - Rett's syndrome A - Angelmann Syndrome S - Seckel syn... | 21,486 | medmcqa_train |
Bronchopulmonary segments in right and left lungs are | THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS - These are well-defined sectors of the lung, each one of which is aerated by a teiary or segmental bronchus. Each segment is pyramidal in shape with its apex directed towards the root of the lung. There are 10 segments on the right side and 10 on the left Ref : B D Chaurasia's Human Anato... | 21,487 | medmcqa_train |
Salivary protein which prevents transmission of HIV via saliva is | The low rate of recovery of infectious HIV from saliva could reflect not only relatively low virus content but also direct antiviral properties of saliva fluid, such as the secretory leukocyte protease Inhibitor. It blocks cell receptors needed for entry of virus.
A salivary protein called secretory leucocyte protease ... | 21,488 | medmcqa_train |
The layer of the retina in touch with vitreous humor | Internal limiting layer is in touch with vitreous LAYERS OF RETINA 1. Inner limiting membrane 2. Nerve fiber layer 3. Ganglion cell layer 4. Inner plexiform layer 5. Inner nuclear layer 6. Outer plexiform layer 7. Outer nuclear layer 8. External limiting membrane 9. Photoreceptor layer 10. Retinal pigment epithelium. | 21,489 | medmcqa_train |
A man presents with history of hemetemesis of about 500 ml of blood. On examination, spleen is palpable 5 cms below the left costal margin. The most likely diagnosis is: | Answer is A (Poal Hypeension) Hemetemesis in a patient with palpable splenomegaly suggests a diagnosis of variceal blood secondary to poal hypeension. Hemetemesis from Gastric ulcer, Mallory Weiss tear and/or drug induced gastritis is not associated with splenomegaly. | 21,490 | medmcqa_train |
Drug highly distributed to body fat - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Thiopentone Redistribution of drugso Highly lipid soluble drugs get initially distributed to organs with high blood flow i. e. brain, heart, kidney etc.o Later, less vascular but more bulky tissues take up the drug- plasma concentration falls and the drug is withdrawn from the highly perfused sites.o ... | 21,491 | medmcqa_train |
30 years old woman presents in gynaec OPD with complaints of recurrent aboions and menorrhagia. Her USG showed 2 sub-serosal fibroids of 3 x 4 cm on anterior wall of uterus and fundus, which is best line of management:- | Myomectomy is best treatment for such young patients with incomplete family Advantages of laparoscopic myomectomy: Type 5,6,7 fibroids are easily removed by this procedure Less blood Loss Earlier Recovery Criteria 3-4 fibroids of <=5 cm Single Fibroid of 15 cm Uterine embolisation may result in compromised blood flow l... | 21,492 | medmcqa_train |
Uncal herniation leads to paralysis of which cranial nerve- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 3rd nerve o Uncal herniation is a common subtype of transtentorial herniation in which the innermost part of the temporal lobe, the uncus, can be squeezed so much that it moves towards the tentorium and puts pressure on the brainstem, most notably the midbrain.o The uncus can squeeze the oculomotor ne... | 21,493 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about familial male limited precocious pubey, EXCEPT: | Familial male limited precocious pubey is also called testotoxicosis. FACTS : It is an autosomal dominant disorder It presents as premature androgenization of boys Testosterone is elevated, LH is suppressed in the condition Treatment options : 1. Ketoconazole - Inhibits testosterone synthesis. 2. Flutamide - Used as an... | 21,494 | medmcqa_train |
Longest acting sulphonamide is - | Ans, is 'd' i.e., Sulfadoxine Sulfonamideso Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic and act by inhibiting folic acid synthesis by inhibiting enzyme folate synthatase.o Bacteria synthesize their own folic acid of wTtich para aminobenzoic acid (PABA) is a constituent - Sulfonamides, being structural analogues of PABA, inhibit ba... | 21,495 | medmcqa_train |
Interleukin produced characteristically by THt? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Interleukin-2 | 21,496 | medmcqa_train |
Clostridium botulinum toxin acts by: | Ans. c (Blocking Ach release at synapses & NMJ). (Ref. Harrison's, 18th/ Chapter 141. Botulism; KDT 5th/76)BOTULISM (Food-borne botulism, Wound botulism, Intestinal botulism).Pathogenesis:# Of the eight distinct toxin types described (A, B, Cl, C2, D, E, F, and G), all except C2 are neurotoxins\# C2 is a cytotoxin of u... | 21,497 | medmcqa_train |
Streptococcus pyogenes shows pathogenicity by all except? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pili Virulence factors of str. pyogenes Str. pyogenes forms several exotoxins and enzymes which contribute to its virulence, but M protein is the most impoant of these. | 21,498 | medmcqa_train |
Anthropometric assessment, which does not show much change in 1–4 years – | During 1-5 years of age, the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) remains reasonably static between 15-17 cm among healthy children because fat of early infancy is gradually replaced by muscles. | 21,499 | medmcqa_train |
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