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Fetal hea can be detected earliest with trans-vaginal sonography at (from the last menstrual period
46 days
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NO is synthesized by -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Arginine * Nitric oxide, also called endothelium-derived-relaxing factor (EDRF), is formed from amino acid arginine, by the action of the enzyme NO synthase, which is cytosolic.ArginineNO synthase-------Citrulline + NO
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The serum concentration of which of the following human Ig is maximum:
IgG
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All the following are maternal adverse outcomes which are increased in women with threatened aboion except:
Adverse Outcomes That are Increased in Women with Threatened AboionMaternalPerinatalPlacenta prePPROM & PROM Placental abruptionPreterm bihManual removal of placentaLow bih weightCesarean deliveryFetal growth restrictionFetal and neonatal feath(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition)
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A 12 year old male patient complains of pain in upper front teeth region and gives a history of fall while playing 30 minutes ago. Intra oral examination reveals intrusion of maxillary right central incisor by 2 mm. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
The treatment for a permanent tooth with a closed root end, and intruded less than 3 mm, is to allow the tooth to erupt without intervention. If no movement is evident after 2 to 4 weeks, the tooth may be repositioned either orthodontically or surgically before ankylosis can take place. If the tooth is intruded 7 mm or...
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Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder is:
Benzodiazepines are the drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder. However, it must be remembered that benzodiazepines can cause dependence. The other drugs which can be used include SSRIs buspirone and venlafaxine.
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Arlts line is seen in
Arlts line is a linear scarring on the upper palpebral conjunctiva in patients of trachoma REF:Refer Khurana 6th edition page number 69
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Squeeze technique is used for?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Premature ejaculation * Squeeze technique (Seman's technique) is used for premature ejaculation. When the male partner experiences 'ejaculatory inevitability' the female partner 'squeezes' the penis on the coronal ridge thus delaying ejaculation.
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A young male patient presents with complete rectal prolapse. The surgery of choice is
Surgery is required, and the operation can be performed the perineal or the abdominal approaches. An abdominal rectopexy has a lower rate of recurrence,As an abdominal procedure risks damage to the pelvic autonomic nerves, resulting in possible sexual dysfunction, a perineal approach is also usually preferred in young ...
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The drug that inhibits uterine contractility and cause pulmonary edema is:
Pulmonary edema is a serious complication of beta-adrenergic therapy (ritodrine) and MgSO4. This complication occurs in patients receiving oral or (more common) intravenous treatment. It occurs more frequently in patients who have excessive plasma volume expansion, such as those with twins or those who have received ge...
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Influenzae virus belongs to which family?
Ans. (b) OrthomyxovirusRef: Appendix-141 for viruses classification
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Composition of toned milk is approximately close to:
Toned milk is a blend of natural milk and made up milk. It contains 1 pa water, 1 pa natural milk and 1/8 th pa of skimmed milk powder. It has composition almost equivalent to cow milk. Ref: Park, 22nd edition pg: 584
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Noble prize for sequencing insulin aminoacid sequence & molecular structure was given to:
B i.e. Sanger
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Several weeks after surgical dissection of her left axilla for the removal of lymph nodes for staging and treatment of her breast cancer, a 32-year-old woman was told by her general physician that she had "winging" of her left scapula when she pushed against resistance during her physical examination. She told the phys...
The long thoracic nerve was injured during the axillary dissection, resulting in paralysis of the serratus anterior. The serratus anterior is important in rotation of the scapula in raising the arm above the level of the shoulder. Its loss results in protrusion of the inferior angle ("winging" of the scapula), which is...
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Post transplant lymphoma is ?
B cell Nearly 1 to 20% of people who receive a solid organ transplant develop a lymphoma. - Lymphomas have also been repoed (though less .frequently) after bone-marrow transplants .for other disorders. Why does it happen? - Post-transplant lymphomas are almost always related to infection by the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)...
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The following insulin can be given intravenously?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Regular insulin o All preparations are administered by S.C. route except regular insulin which can be given
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What is the net ATP's formed in glycolysis?
ATP formation in glycolysis: Reaction Catalyzed by Method of ATP Formation ATP per mol of Glucose Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Respiratory chain oxidation of 2 NADH 5 Phosphoglycerate kinase Substrate-level phosphorylation 2 Pyruvate kinase Substrate-level phosphorylation 2 Total 9 Consumption of ATP for re...
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Megaloblastic anemia, glossitis, pharyngeal ulcers, and impaired immunity. For each disorder above, select the dietary deficiency that is likely to be responsible.
Folate deficiency can occur from a number of etiologies including poor intake or absorption; in high-demand diseases such as sickle cell; and in inborn errors of metabolism. It can also be seen in conjunction with a variety of medication uses including high-dose nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), methotrexa...
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Tamsulosin belongs to
The mainstay of treatment for LUTS due to BPH is a1-adrenergic receptor blockers.a-adrenergic receptors are the most common adrenergic receptors in the bladder, and a1 is the most common subtype in the lower urinary system, prostate, and urethra. The action of a1 blockers is to relax the smooth muscle in the bladder ne...
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Krukenberg adenocarcinoma of the ovary can occur as a result of metastases from all except-
Metastatic gastrointestinal & breast neoplasm to ovary are referred to as krukenberg tumors and are characterized by bilateral metastasis composed of mucin-producing signet-ring cells. The primary sites are → Stomach (most common), Pancreas, Colon, Gall bladder, Breast.
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All of the following are true about fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver except:
It is AFP-negative, but patients typically have elevated neurotensin levels, normal liver function tests, and no cirrhosis. Ref: Harrison's Internal Medicine, 14th Edition, Page 580, 15th Edition, Page 590 and 18th Edition, Pages 784-785; Concise Pathology, 2nd Edition By Para Chandrasoma, Clive Roy Taylor, Page 650.
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A patient with H. Pylori infection is treated with drugs. The best method to detect presence of residual H.Pylori infection in this person is which of the following?
Urea breath test is a test with high sensitivity and specificity for Helicobacter pylori. It is a non-invasive test used to diagnose and confirm elimination of H.pylori infection. Ref: Davidson's principles and practice of Medicine, 20th Edition, Chapter 22, Page 886; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Ed...
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BRCA-1 postive women have ____% increased risk of breast carcinoma
Ref: schwaz's principle of surgery 10th edition Pg no :514-515 Sabiston 20th edition pgno: 832
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Structures in the portal triad are all except:
Ans. B. Hepatic veinThe hepatic lobules are small divisions of the liver defined at the microscopic (histological) scale. The hepatic lobule is a building block of the liver tissue, consisting of a portal triad, hepatocytes arranged in linear cords between a capillary network, and a central vein.A portal triad is a dis...
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Enzyme used in PCR is ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Taq polymerase PCR is a method of enzymatic amplification of a target sequence of DNAe.It is sensitive, selective (specific) and extremely rapid means of amplifying any desired sequence of double stranded DNAe, which can be as sho as 50-100 base pairs (bp) and as long as 10 kbp.In PCR, the DNA to be a...
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In depression , there is deficiency of:
Ref: Katzung 14th ed. Monoamines like serotonin and nor-adrenaline are deficient in depressive patients, therefore reuptake inhibitors of these monoamines are used for treatment of depression.
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The subcostal angle during pregnancy is:
The lower ribs flare out,the subcostal angle increases from 68deg to 103deg,the transverse diameter of the chest increases by 2 cm and the diaphragm rises by about 4 cm in pregnancy. Refer page no 80 of text book of obsteics,sheila balakrishnan,2 nd edition.
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Rickety rosary seen in all except –
Rachitic (Rickety) rosary The prominent knobs of bone at costochondral junctions of rickets patient is known as rachitic rosary or beading of ribs. The knobs create the appearance of large beads under the skin of the rib cage, hence the name by analogy with the beads of a rosary. Differential diagnosis of enlargement...
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Drug commonly used in t/t of endometriosis -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., GnRH [Ref: Shaw's Gynae 15th/ e p. 473) Both B and C are correct. However- Commonly used is B. Treatment of endometriosis Asymptomatic minimal cases:- Observe for 6-8 months & investigate infertility Symptomatic cases:- Drug treatment OCPs Mirena lUCD Progesterone Androgens GnRH analogues Aromatase in...
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The physiological change occurs in a cardiac muscle cell when there is plateau phase of action potential is:
The transmembrane action potential of single cardiac muscle cells is characterized by, Rapid depolarization (phase 0) Initial rapid repolarization (phase 1) Plateau (phase 2) Slow repolarization process (phase 3) that allows return to the resting membrane potential (phase 4). The initial depolarization is due to Na+ in...
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All of the following are principles of tendon transfers except
Answer- B. The line of pull must be straightAdequate strengthThe tendon chosen as a donor for transfer must be strong enough to perform its new function in its altered position.Selecting an appropriate motor is impoant because a muscle will lose one grade of strength following transfer. Do not transfer muscle that has ...
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Which of the following procedure is not done in CHC?
Care of routine and emergency cases in surgery Care of routine and emergency cases in medicine 24-hour delivery services,including normal and assisted deliveries Essential and emergency obstetric care Full range of family planning services including laparoscopic services Safe aboion services Newborn care Routine and em...
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Which of the following is not an indication of amniocentesis for chromosomal anomaly detection?
Ans, is a, i.e. Gestation diabetesRef. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 647; Fernando Arias 3/e, p 46, 47; COGDT 10/e, p 107, Williams Obs. 23/e, p 299, 300Amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling should be offered to the following class of patients:-Singleton pregnancy and maternal age 35 years or above.-Twin pregnancy at age over ...
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Multiple painful ulcers over glans without in duration is suggestive of –
Chancre, LGV, Donovanosis Indurated ulcer (firm induration). HSV Non-indurated ulcer. Chancroid → Can be both either Non-indurated or soft induration (but there is no firm induration, therefore usually considered as non-indurated).
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Which view is best for viewing hollow viscus perforation
The PA erect abdominal radiograph is often obtained in conjunction with the AP supine abdominal view in the acute abdominal series of radiographs. When used together it is a valuable projection in assessing air fluid levels, and free air in the abdominal cavity. Ref: Internet
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A child presents with massive hemetemesis and systemic hypotension. He has no fever or other significant history. Examination reveal massive splenomegaly but no hepatomegaly. Likely diagnosis is
Answer is D (Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis): NCPF is suspected in a patient presenting with symptoms of poal hypeension with: YOUNG AGE Moderate/Large Splenomegaly NO FEATURES SUGGESTIVE OF LIVER CELL FAILURE -No Jaundice (uncommon) - No Ascitis (uncommon) - No Hepatomegaly (uncommon) - No Stigmata of liver cell failure ...
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Initial treatment of keloid
Answer- B. Intralesional steroidIntralesional injection of steroid (Triamcinolone acetate) is now recommended as the first line of t/t for keloid.
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Edema feet is not a feature of:
Ans. A. Conn syndromea. In Conn syndrome there is profound hypokalemia that leads to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.b. Although excess of sodium is reabsorbed due to high amount aldosterone, but excess of water is lost. Hence edema feet is not a feature in Conn syndrome.
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Not the signs of accidental injury in a child: CMC (Vellore) 10
Ans. Subdural hematoma
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Ash leaf maculae is found in :
A i.e. Tuberous sclerosis
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Chest X-ray showing opacity in the lung with irregular calcification is suggestive of –
Irregular central calcification is characteristic of hamartoma.
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The commonest valvular manifestation of acute as well as previous rheumatic carditis is
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the commonest manifestation of acute as well as previous rheumatic carditis. Reference: Essential Paediatrics; O.P. Ghai; Page no: 438
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Thinnest pa of the skull
The anterior pa of the floor of the temporal fossa is crossed by an H shaped suture where four bones,frontal,parietal,greater wing of sphenoid and temporal adjoin each other.This area is termed the pterion. REF.B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy VOL.3,Fouh edition
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A 43-year-old woman with chronic alcoholism presents with shortness of breath and edema. On examination, her blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, pulse 110/min, JVP is 8 cm, the cardiac apex is displaced and enlarged, there are bilateral inspiratory crackles, and there is pedal edema.For the patient with vitamin deficiency ...
Thiamine deficiency can cause high-output cardiac failure (wet beriberi) or neurologic symptoms (dry beriberi). In North America, thiamine deficiency occurs in alcoholics or those with chronic disease. In alcoholics, deficiency is secondary to low intake, impaired absorption and storage, and accelerated destruction. Ge...
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Clinical features of anicteric Leptospirosis are all EXCEPT: March 2013
Ans. C i.e. High moality Leptospira Leptospirosis is transmitted by: Rat urine Leptospirosis is associated with: Rat, Ricefields, Rain Weils disease is caused by: L. icterio-hemorrhagica
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Ulcers in diabetes are precipitated by all EXCEPT: September 2012
Ans. A i.e. Microangiopathic changes in blood vessels
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All of the following features in the knee are recognized to be consistent with a torn medial meniscus, except
A i.e. Excessive - History of twisting strain (flexion, abduction/ valgus and medial rotation of femur on fixed tibia Q/ lateral rotation of tibia on fixed femur) followed by locking of knee pintQ is diagnostic of medial meniscus tear. - Mc Murray's test, Apley grinding test and Squat tests are done to diagnose meniscu...
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`NALGONDA technique' is used in -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Endemic fluorosis interventions to prevent fluorosis a) Changing of water source o Running surface water contains lower quantities of fluoride than ground water. b) Chemical treatment Water can be chemically defluoridated in a water treatment plant. The National Environmental Engineering Research Inst...
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Post moem stiffening is called: March 2005
Ans. B: Rigor mois Putrefaction: It is the final stage following death in which destruction of the soft tissues of the body is mainly caused by the action of bacterial enzymes. Rigor mois/death stiffening/cadaveric rigidity: is a state of muscle stiffening sometimes with slight shoening of the fibres. Post-moem hyposta...
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Renal threshold for glycosuria
For glucose, the renal threshold is 180 mg/dl and Tm is 375 mg/min. In other words, glucose stas to appear in urine when blood level is more than 180 mg/dl, and all the glucose molecules above 375 mg are excreted in the urine. abnormal conditions, the renal threshold may be lowered so that even at lower blood levels, c...
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Bulls eye retinopathy is seen in toxicity of-
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine can cause toxic retinopathy due to their binding of melanin in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) as well as direct toxicity to retinal ganglion cells. Early findings include mottling of the RPE and blunted foveal reflex. As the retinopathy progresses, a bull's-eye maculopathy dev...
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The following are indications for performing thoracotomy after blunt injury of the chest, except
Ans. is 'd' i.e. Rib fracture
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True regarding colovesical fistula
.* Left sided growth presents with colicky pain, altered bowel habits (alternating constipation and diarrhoea), palpable lump, distension of abdomen due subacute/ chronic obstruction. Later may present like complete colonic obstruction. Tenesmus, with passage of blood and mucus, with alternate constipation and diarrhoe...
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All of the following are true about lateral cutaneous nerve EXCEPT:
Ans. B Supplies skin over the medial aspect of thighRef: Clinical Anatomy, 11th ed. pg. 251* The femoral nerve supplies the skin of the medial and anterior aspects of the thigh via its medial and intermediate cutaneous branches.* The lateral aspect is supplied by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2-3).* As its...
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Persistant vomiting most likely causes -a) Hyperkalemiab) Acidic urine excretionc) Hypochloraemiad) Hyperventilation.
Persistent vomiting leads to loss of large amount of gastric fluid. Gastric fluid consists of large amount of HCL along with potassium Thus the metabolic abnormality associated with repeated vomiting is metabolic alkalosis in combination with hypochloretnia and hypokaletnia. In the early stages the kidneys are able to ...
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Which of the following lesion is least likely to be eccentric?
Simple Bone cyst is seen in metaphysis or in diaphysis and it can be least likely to be at an eccentric location. Aneurysmal bone cyst is the lesion most likely to occur in ecentric location. All other lesions might sta from centre but ultimately during presentation,they present as eccentric lesion.
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Which of the following is an anti-apoptotic gene?
Ans. (c) bcl-2
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True about pilocytic astrocytoma all except -
Pilocytic astrocytomas are relatively benign tumors, typically affecting children and young adults. Most commonly located in the cerebellum, they also may involve the third ventricle, the optic pathways, spinal cord, and occasionally the cerebral hemispheres. There is often a cyst associated with the tumor, and symptom...
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Decreased vascularity of fibroid is seen with :
Ans. is a, b, and c i.e. GnRH analogues; Danazol; and Mifeprestone As I have already explained in previous question, the drugs used to decrease blood loss / vascularity of fibroid during surgery are :
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Intercourse in closely related individual in relation -
Ref:Textbook of forensic medicine and toxicology (V.V.Pillay) 17th edition, page no. 404 Incest is defined as natural sexual intercourse between two persons so closely related that they are forbidden by law to marry. Incest most frequently occurs between members of nuclear family, and the victim s are most often childr...
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Drug metabolized by Glutathionation is
Fosfomycin and Ifosfamide are metabolized by glutathionation.
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A 19-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with a stab wound at the base of the neck (zone I) (Figure below). The most important concern for patients with such injuries is which of the following?For the purpose of evaluating penetrating injuries, the neck is divided into three zones. Zone I is below the c...
Exsanguinating hemorrhage is the predominant risk, because bleeding may not be easily recognized, given that bleeding into the pleural cavity and mediastinum can occur. The abundant collateral blood supply generally protects against upper extremities or cerebrovascular compromise.
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Westermark's sign is seen in:
Ans. (a) Pulmonary embolismRef: Harrison 19th ed. /1633Westermark sign is due to focus of oligemia in pulmonary embolism (PE). The sign develops due to following reasons:* Dilation of the pulmonary arteries proximal to the embolus* Collapse of the distal vasculature creating the appearance of a sharp cut off on chest X...
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Which is not a content of inguinal canal -
Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Inferior epigastric artery Contents of inguinal canalo Spermatic cord in male or round ligament of uterus in female.o Ilioinguinal nerve : It enters through the interval between external and internal oblique muscles,\o Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve is a constituent of spermatic cord.
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True about ACE inhibitors are all except:
The  adverse effect profile of all ACE inhibitors is similar. One adverse effect is: Hyperkalaemia: This is likely in patients with impaired renal function and in those taking K+ sparing diuretics, NSAIDs or blockers. In others, significant rise in plasma K+ is rare. It does not cause decrease in K+ concentration. Refe...
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Which of the following ophthalmological anomaly is seen in WAGR syndrome
Some impoant syndromes and their associations to be remembered Down's syndrome: Congenital cataract Rubella Syndrome : Congenital Cataract WAGR Syndrome: Aniridia Gillepsie syndrome: Aniridia FRASER Syndrome: Cryptophthalmos Marfan's syndrome: Subluxation of lens Patau Syndrome: PHPV
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ACTH is produced by which of the following Bronchogenic carcinomas
Answer is B (Small cell carcinoma): Small cell carcinomas are the most common bronchogenic carcinomas associated with paraneoplastic syndrome and ectopic hormone production including ACTH. ACTH may also be uncommonly produced by non small cell variants including adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinomas, but small cell ca...
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A female married to a normal male but her father had vitamin D resistant rickets. So what are the chances that her childrens will be colour blind: March 2013
Ans. B i.e. 50% X-linked dominant are transmitted by an affected heterozygous female to half her sons and half her daughters and by an affected male parent to all his daughters but none of his sons, if the female parent is unaffected.
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All of the following are described surgical procedures for CTE V except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Salter's osteotomy
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Rubrospinal tract influences -
Ans. is'b' i.e., Voluntary activityActions of extrapyramidal systemsReticulospinal (Rubrospinal tracts -+ voluntary and reflex (involuntary) activity.
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NOT a content of Rectus sheath among the following is
Thorcoabdominal nerves (T7 - T11) and Subcostal nerve ( T12) are the nerves of Rectus sheath. T6 is not the content of Rectus sheath
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Characteristic feature of Otosclerosis are all except:
Tuning Fork Tests in OtosclerosisRinnes test-negativeWebers test-lateralised to ear with greater conductive lossAbsolute bone conduction-normal (It is decreased in cochlear otosclerosis)Pure tone audiometry-shows loss of air conduction more for lower frequency. * Tympanic membrane is normal and mobile in 90% cases. Sch...
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Long term potentiation means
(A) Enhancement of signal transmission# LONG-TERM POTENTIATION (LTP): a long-lasting strengthening of the response of a postsynaptic nerve cell to stimulation across the synapse that occurs with repeated stimulation and is thought to be related to learning and long-term memory.> Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a long-l...
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Cell matrix adhesion are mediated by
ref, Robbins 8/e p96;9/ep24 The cell adhesion molecules are classified into four main families: Immunoglbulin family CAMs Cadherins Selectins
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Mr.X fired his gun at Mr.Y who moved and escaped with the bullet only grazing his arm. There was only a little bleeding and no other significant injury. Mr. X is liable for arrest under which section of IPC?
In the question there is simple injury by a dangerous weapon, hence 324 IPC IPC Sections related to Hu etc:- 319. Definition of Hu (Any Bodily pain, Infirmity or Disease) 320. Definition of Grievous hu. 321 Defines Voluntarily causing hu 322 DefinesVoluntarily causing Grievous hu 323 Punishment for causing hu: Up to 01...
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Fasciotomy- all of the following are cut except
Answer- D. MusclesFasciotomy or fasciectomy is a surgical procedure where the fascia is cut to relieve tension or pressure commonly to treat the resulting loss of circulation to an area of tissue or muscle.Fasciotomy is a limb-saving procedure when used to treat acute compament syndrome
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Identical twins can be differentiated by:-
Fingerprints are the impressions of the patterns formed by the papillary or epidermal regions of the fingeips. The patterns are not inherited and paternity cannot be proved through fingerprint patterns The pattern is different even in identical twins.
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Paradoxical splitting of second hea sound Heard in
Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1447 Reversed or paradoxical splitting refers to a pathologic delay in aoic valve closure, such as that which occurs in patients with left bundle branch block, right ventricular pac- ing, severe AS, HOCM, and acute myocardial ischemia. With reversed or paradoxical splitting, the individual comp...
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Optic nerve injury following sinus surgery is due to removal of which ethmoidal cells?
Onodi cell "Onodi cell" is the posterior most posterior ethmoid cell extending lateral to the sphenoid sinus. While removing disease from the Onodi cells there are chances of injury to optic nerve and internal carotid which lie in the vicinity. The posterior ethmoidal cells in the floor of orbit are known as "Haller ce...
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What is ultimate strength:
option A is fracture strength. Option B is toughness
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Little finger of hand corresponds to which of the following dermatomes:
C i.e. C8Thumb corresponds to C6; middle & ring fingers to C7; and little finger to Cs dermatomesQ
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Human fibroblast cell line is used for cultivation of ?
Ans. is b i.e., Poliovirus Human diploid fibroblasts (HDF) cell line is used for cultivation of coxsackie A7, 9, 16; CMV; Echovinis; enteroviruses; HSV-1, 2; Poliovirus; parainfluenzavirus, rhinovirus and VZV.
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All are true about estrogen, EXCEPT:
They promote the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development. So it is not used in treatment of gynaecomastia. Estrogen and other hormones are given to postmenopausal women as a pa of hormone replacement therapy (H) in order to prevent osteoporosis as well as treat the symptoms of...
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Not true about tubercular bacilli -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Facultative anaerobe* M. tuberculosis was discovered by Robert koch.* M. tuberculosis is gram-positive, obligate aerobe, acid-fast, straight or slightly curved rod. Electron microscopy shows thick cell wall.* M. tuberculosis is acid-fast bacillus and resists decolorization by 20% H2SO4. Acid fastness ...
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A posthumous child is:
Ans. (b) Child born after father's deathRef: The Essentials ofFSM by K.S. Narayan Reddy 31st ed./369* Posthumous child: child born after father's death, the mother being conceived by the said father.* Suppositious child: Fictitious child claimed by a women as her own, a women may pretend pregnancy & deliver and later p...
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All of the following are characteristic of Datura poisoning except -
In datura poisoning, there is dilatation of pupil (not pin point pupil). Features of datura poisoning are described as '9D':- Dry hot skin: 'Hot as a hare'.   Dilatation of cutaneous blood vessels causing a facial flash. 'Red as a beet'.                     Dilatation of pupil with loss accommodation and unresponsive...
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The Most common cause of perinatal mortality is
(B) Prematurity # Direct causes of death: About 80% of the perinatal deaths are related to perinatal hypoxia, low birth weight, infection & intracranial haemorrhage.> The undetermined group is reduced to 15%.> Thus autopsy study is essential in any perinatal; mortality study when the real causes of death can only be as...
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who introduced camhor for patients for production of seizures for management of mental illness
HISTORY * Medunna ====IM injection of camphor to induce seizures * Ugo cerletti and lucio bini==== ECT in a catatonic patient INDICATIONS * DEPRESSION SUICIDAL IDEAS-------------- first choice * CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA * SCHIZOPHRENIA * MANIA * ELECTRODE PLACEMENT * Most commonly used=== bi fronto temporal * More cogni...
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All of the following are true about Sibson's fascia except
Ref. Gray’s anatomy.  41st edition. Page. 446,896. Topic, Subtopic – Thorax, fascia Sibson's Fascia: The suprapleural membrane, also known as Sibson fascia, is a dense fascial layer that is attached to the inner border of the first rib and costal cartilage anteriorly, C7 transverse process posteriorly and to the medias...
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Atopic dermatitis is diagnosed by –
Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is largely clinical and is facilitated by using major and minor criteria.
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Colour vision is with the help of:
Ans: b (cones) Ref: Ganong, 22nd ed, p. 159A straight forward question! Cones play a very important role in colour vision and rods in night vision (dim light)Cones are the visual receptors which impart to the eye, the ability for colour visionThere are three types of cone pigments:- Cvanolabe- Ervthrolabe- ChlorolabeTh...
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Which of the following drugs is not used for induction of labour?
Ans is 'd' i.e., Betamethasone o Following are the drugs used in medical induction of labour:# Prostaglandins PGE2, PGE1# Oxytocin# Mifepristone
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A 23 yr. old female came with arthritis, Malar rash, oral ulcers, serositis (pleuritis or pericarditis). The likely investigation to be positive is
(A) Anti nuclear antibody # Antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests are positive in 5 to 10 percent of the general population, a rate that increases with age.> Thus, given a one in 20 frequency for ANAs and a one in 2,000 frequency for systemic lupus erythematosus, only one in 100 persons with a positive ANA test will have th...
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Coagulative necrosis is commonly seen in all except:
Coagulative necrosis is the most common type of necrosis, there is protein denaturation with preservation of cell and tissue frame work. It is usually seen in all solid organs, exception is brain (liquefactive necrosis). Ref: Tanley L. Robbins, Ramzi S. Cotran, (2012) , Chapter 1, "Cell Injury", In the book, "Pocket Co...
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The process by which fusion of part of a cell membrane occurs is/are
Ans. (b) EndocytosisEndocytosis is the process of taking contents inside the cell. It involves fusion of two cell membranesExocytosis is release of contents from inside of the cell to outside. It involves fusion of vesicles inside the cell to its cell membrane
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In a standard deviation of 2, confidence limit is
(B) 95.4% # In a NORMAL CURVE, the area between one standard deviation on either side of the mean will include 68%, the area between two standard deviations 95.4% and the area between three standard deviations will include 99.7% of the values in the distribution.> In a Normal curve: Area between one standard deviation ...
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Bruxism is -
Bruxism is grinding of teeth which occurs during stage 3 & 4 of NREM sleep.
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Which of the following are the slowly adapting mechan- oreceptors present in the skin that are very sensitive to perpendicular indentation?
Ans. c (Merkel discs). (Ref. Ganong Physiology 21st ed., 125)MECHANORECEPTORS# Four types of mechanoreceptors in glabrous skin are-two in the superficial layers (Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel discs) and two in the subcutaneous tissue (Ruffini endings and Pacinian corpuscles).Meissner's corpuscles# are rapidly adapti...
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medmcqa_train
All the following are contents of sub-occipital triangle, except -
Contents of suboccipital triangle are vertebral artery (3rd part), suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) and suboccipital venous plexus. Occipital artery lies in occipital triangle.
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Which of the following feature on second trimester ultrasound is not a marker of Down's
Ans. is b i.e. Choroids plexus cyst Abnormalities associated with Down's syndrome (as listed in Benacerraf and Callen). Brachycephaly (sho frontal lobe) Ventriculomegaly Flat facies, small earsdeg Increase nuchal fold thickness Absent nasal bone Cystic hygroma (more associated with trisomy 18) Sho humerus and femur Cli...
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