query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Structures at the transpyloric plane include all EXCEPT: | Ans. (b) Termination of portal vein* The kidneys occupy the epigastric, hypochondriac lumbar and umbilical regions Vertically they extend from the upper border of twelfth thoracic vertebra to the centre of the body of third lumbar vertebra.* The right kidney is slightly lower than the left and the left kidney is a litt... | 9,700 | medmcqa_train |
Laryngeal Papillomatosis is caused by | Laryngeal papillomata These are rare benign tumours occurring mainly in children, but can also present in adults. They are most commonly found on the vocal folds, but may spread throughout the larynx and tracheobronchial airway (although this is less likely in adults). They are caused by papillomaviruses andneed repeat... | 9,701 | medmcqa_train |
In modified Pugh's classification score of 8, what shall be the line of management ? | Child-Pugh score is calculated by adding the scores of the five factors and can range from 5 to 15. Decompensation indicates cirrhosis with a Child-Pugh score of >7 (class B). This level has been the accepted criterion for listing liver transplantation. Parameters: Bilirubin INR Albumin Ascites Asterixis Grade Points O... | 9,702 | medmcqa_train |
A 71-year-old woman is receiving a drug to lower her serum cholesterol. Over the past week, she has developed muscle pain and weakness unrelated to physical activity. On examination, she has diffuse but mild muscle tenderness. Laboratory studies show her serum creatine kinase is 2049 U/L and creatinine is 2 mg/dL. Urin... | She has a statin-induced myopathy, with a creatine kinase level more than 10 times normal from rhabdomyolysis (myoglobin released from muscle can be detected by the urine dipstick). Statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that reduce endogenous cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Cholestyramine binds bile acids in the... | 9,703 | medmcqa_train |
A 50-year-old male presents with severe refractory hypeension, weakness, muscle cramps and hypokalemia, the most likely diagnosis is: | Manifestation of Conn's Syndrome (Primary Hyperaldosteronism) Clinical Laboratory Muscle weakness and fatigue (due to hypokalemia) Hypeension without edema Polyuria and polydipsia Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis Hypernatremia Increased Aldosterone Low renin | 9,704 | medmcqa_train |
Development of Lymphoma in Sjogren's syndrome is suggested by all of the following except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., High C4 complement levels o Lymphoa is a well-known complication of Sjogren s syndrome : Most lymphomas are extra-nodal, low grade marginal B cell lymphomas.o Development of Lymphoma in Sjogren's syndrome is suggested by low C4 complement levels.Lymphoma in Sjogren's syndromeThe development of Lymphom... | 9,705 | medmcqa_train |
Contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy is all except | Contraindications to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Absolute Unable to tolerate anaesthesia Refractory Coagulopathy Suspicion of carcinoma Relative Previous upper abdominal surgery Cholangitis Diffuse peritonitis Cirrhosis or poal hypeension Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cholecystenteric fistula Morbid Obesity Pr... | 9,706 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest and common form of reversible cell injury is : | Following morphologic forms of reversible cell injury are included under this heading:
Hydropic change (cloudy swelling, or vacuolar degeneration)
Fatty change
Hyaline change
Mucoid change | 9,707 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following acts as a coenzyme in carboxylation reaction? | Ans. C. Biotin. (Ref Harper's Biochemistry 27th/Ch. 44).Vitamin B7 (biotin):Function:-Cofactor for carboxylation enzymes (which add a l-carbon group):- Pyruvate carboxylase: pyruvate (3C)*oxaloacetate (4C).- Acetyl-CoA carboxylase: acetyl-CoA (2C)*malonyl-CoA (3C).- Propionyl-CoA carboxylase: propionyl-CoA (3C)*methylm... | 9,708 | medmcqa_train |
Hippocampus lesion affects: | Answer is D (Explicit memory): Hippocampal lesions primarily affect Declarative or Explicit memory. The Hippocampus is essential to forming new memories for facts and general information (sementic memory) and also for life experiences (episodic memory). But the hippocampus does not appear to play a role in precedural m... | 9,709 | medmcqa_train |
Granulomatous mastitis is caused by all except - | Inflammatory processes involving the breast are uncommon and are usually associated with pain and tenderness in the affected areas. Included in this category are several forms of mastitis and traumatic fat necrosis, none of which increase the risk of cancer. ref : Robbins Basic Pathology, 9E,page-707 REF OF IMG: | 9,710 | medmcqa_train |
In cholera epidemic which step should be first taken | Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae.
I.P.-1-2 days
First step in epidemic of cholera: Verification of diagnosis
First line treatment of choice: water and electrolyte replacement.
In the given question, safe water supply and sanitation should be the 1 st step to decrease mortality from chole... | 9,711 | medmcqa_train |
True about paget's disease -a) Common in young girl 10-16 yr of ageb) ↑ALPc) Associated with hypercalcemia & hypophosphatemiad) More common in femalee) Associated with chondrosarcoma | Paget's disease occurs after 40 years of age and is more common in males.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is raised and calcium & phosphate are normal.
The usual malignancy complicating Paget's disease is osteosarcoma. There are some reports of cases of chondrosarcoma as a complication of Paget's disease. | 9,712 | medmcqa_train |
Clutton's joint is seen in ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Congenital syphilis Syphilic ahritis Syphilic ahritis may be seen in congenital or acquired syphilis. Congenital syphilis The joint may be affected early or late : ? Early congenital syphilis : - Osteochondritis in juxta-epiphyseal region results in breakdown of the bone and cailage. Late congenital s... | 9,713 | medmcqa_train |
A 46-year-old Texan develops a lesion in the vestibule of his mouth that on histological examination is revealed to be verrucouscarcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. What is true of this lesion? | Verrucous carcinoma is a low grade malignancy and is seen more frequently in the southern pa of the United States. It is found most commonly on the gingival buccal junction in tobacco chewers. It is grayish white and exophytic. wide local excision is Treatment of choice .Radiation may be tried for very large lesions.If... | 9,714 | medmcqa_train |
For a tooth with open apex, treated with calcium hydroxide for apexification, the most reliable sign before obturation is: | Weine recommends that the apexification procedure be completed in two appointments. After instrumentation, irrigation and drying of the canal during the first appointment, he advises sealing a sterile, dry, cotton pellet in the pulp chamber for 1 to 2 weeks. Placing a calcium hydroxide dressing in the canal is optional a... | 9,715 | medmcqa_train |
The most common side-effect of chemotherapy administration is - | Side effects are unpredictable and depend on the type of chemo drug a person is using. Illness, easy bruising or bleeding, and hair loss are some of the most common side effects. Other common side effects include: nausea and vomiting Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 563 | 9,716 | medmcqa_train |
True about metaplasia is | Answer- C. It is a reversible changeMetaplasia is an adaptive change in which one adult (mature) cell type is replaced by another adult (mature) cell.It is reversible.There is no pleomorphism, and cell polarity as well as cell & nuclear size are not altered. | 9,717 | medmcqa_train |
Blood agar is an example of: | Blood agar is an example of enriched media. Enriched media are cultural media that are enriched with whole or lysed blood, serum, special extracts, or nutrients to suppo the growth of those bacteria that cannot grow on the basal media. Other examples of enriched media are serum agar and chocolate agar. Selenite F broth... | 9,718 | medmcqa_train |
Trans-esophageal echocardiography is better over trans- thoracic echocardiography in? | Ans. (b) Evaluation of left atria and left Atrial appendage thrombusRef.: Harrison 19th ed. /270e-2* Trans-esophageal echocardiography is better than trans- thoracic echocardiography as it is better able to evaluate the left Atrial thrombus and left Atrial appendage. Therefore in patients of atrial fibrillation of long... | 9,719 | medmcqa_train |
Arsenophagists are : | C i.e. Persons tolerating high doses of As after taking arsenic in low doses at frequent intervals. | 9,720 | medmcqa_train |
Choice of intubation in Bilateral TMJ ankylosis for oral surgeries | Intubation is generally done with the help of endotracheal tube (ETT). The internal diameter of ETT used ranges between 3 and 8 mm depending on the age, sex, and size of nares of the patient. Potex north and south polar performed Rae tubes (RAE- right angled ETT) and flexo- metallic tubes are commonly used. Out of them... | 9,721 | medmcqa_train |
In Kartagener syndrome, all are seen except: | Ans: c (Bronchial asthma) Ref: Robbins, 7th ed,727; Harrison, 16th ed,p. 1542Kartagener's syndrome is characterized by bronchiectasis, situs inversus and sinusitis. It is associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Lack of ciliary activity interferes with bacterial clearance, predisposes sinuses and bronchi to infectio... | 9,722 | medmcqa_train |
Conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited by all except: | Ans. (D) Methimazole(Ref: KDT 8/e p252-253)Methimazole inhibits only thyroid peroxidase whereas propylthiouracil inhibits thyroid peroxidase as well as 5'-deiodinase. Later is involved in peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 (Katzung 12/e p688, Goodman Gilman 12/e p1150) | 9,723 | medmcqa_train |
Which antineoplastic drug is a peptide? | Bleomycin This is a mixture of closely related glycopeptide antibiotics having potent antitumour activity. It chelates copper or iron, produces superoxide ions and intercalates between DNA strands-causes chain scission and inhibits repair . It is highly effective in testicular tumour and squamous cell carcinoma of skin... | 9,724 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these is NOT a grievous hu under Sec 320 of the IPC? | Grievous Hu: S 320 IPC defines grievous hu and lists eight kinds of hu which it lables as "grievous". These clauses are not mutually exclusive for there can be injuries which may fall in more than one clause. However, the list is exhaustive in the sense that, the framers of the Code have used the term "only", while lis... | 9,725 | medmcqa_train |
Increased osmotic fragility is seen in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hereditary spherocytosis Osmotic fragility of Red blood cells.o Red blood cell osmotic fragility is the resistance of RBC hemolysis to osmotic changes,o Normally RBC maintains osmotic equilibrium with the surrounding medium i.e., with a serum that has 0[?]9% NaCl.o As the surrounding medium becomes hy... | 9,726 | medmcqa_train |
Tolazine is used as: | Ref; GOODMAN& GILMAN'S The Pharmacological Basis of the Therapeutics 10th edition (page no; 245) Tolazoline is an alpha adrenergic antagonist. used as an aid in visualizing distal peripheral vessels during aeriography and a vasodilator in treating coronary aery stenosis during angio-procedures | 9,727 | medmcqa_train |
In Community Needs Assessment approach as pa of the Reproductive & Child Health programme, the targets for various health activities are set at the level of- | Ans. is d i.e., District o The various activities of Reproductive and child Health Programme (RCH) arc targeted at the district level. "The RCH programme is based on a di iThrential approach. Inputs in all the districts have not been kept uniform. While the care component are the same for all districts, the weaker dist... | 9,728 | medmcqa_train |
Not true about gas gangrene: | Ans. is. 'd' i. e. Metronidazole is the drug of choice | 9,729 | medmcqa_train |
Psoralen-A is used in the treatment of - | Psoralen and many of its derivatives are naturally occurring tricyclic furocoumarins. The derivative most widely used in photochemotherapy is 8 - methoxypsoralen (8MOP, methoxsalen, xanthotoxin) which is principally of plant origin but it is available as a synthetic drug. 4, 5, 8-trimethyl psoralen (TMP, trioxsalen) is... | 9,730 | medmcqa_train |
Principle used in radiotherapy is | B i.e. ionization of molecule | 9,731 | medmcqa_train |
In direct laryngoscopy which of the following cannot be visualized: | (a) Cricothyroid(Ref. Dhingra, 6th ed., 422)In Direct laryngoscopy we are visualising the cavity of the larynx from within so cricothyroid muscle or membrane which lie externally cannot be seen. | 9,732 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not intracapsular - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lateral epicondyle o The capsular ligament of the elbow joint is attached to the lower end along a line that reaches the upper limits of the radial and coronoid fossae anterioly; and of the olecranon fossa posteriorly; so that these fossae lie within the joint cavity.o Medially, the line of attachment... | 9,733 | medmcqa_train |
Action of parathormone on phosphate level ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Decreases phosphate level | 9,734 | medmcqa_train |
For NRR to be 1, couple protection rate should be? | To achieve the demographic goal of NRR 1 the couple protection rate (CPR) should have to be achieved by 60% far beyond the present level. The objective was to assess the contraceptive prevalence rate by different methods and to find out the correlation of different biosocial factors with the use of contraception. | 9,735 | medmcqa_train |
Anatomical snuffbox contains - | - Boundaries of anatomical snuff box
Anterior/ Lateral wall- Extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons.
Posterior/ medial wall- Extensor pollicis longus tendon
Floor- Styloid process of radius, trapezium,scaphoid and base of first metacarpal.
Roof- Skin, fascia, starting of ceph... | 9,736 | medmcqa_train |
Tzank smear in a case of pemphigus vulgaris show | Cytodiagnosis is of most value in pemphigus and its various forms. Acantholysis is the loss of intercellular connections, such as desmosomes, resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes, seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris. It is absent in bullous pemphigoid, making it useful for differential diagnosis ... | 9,737 | medmcqa_train |
The classification proposed by the International Lymphoma Study Group for non - Hodgkin&;s lymphoma is known as - | <p>International Lymphoma Study Group (Harris et al) proposed revised European -American classification of lymphoid neoplasms (REAL classification ) .This classification was based on the hypothesis that all forms of lymphoid malignancies represent malignant counterpas of normal population of immune cells present in the... | 9,738 | medmcqa_train |
A 37 yr old male brought to emergency room late after road traffic accident . On examination the capillary refilling time is delayed in the left lower limb . All are indications for amputation in this patient, except? | Causes of Amputations 'three Ds': (1) Dead, (2) Dangerous (3) Damned nuisance. Dead (or dying) Peripheral vascular disease accounts for almost 90% of all amputations. Other causes of limb death are Severe trauma, burns and frostbite. Dangerous disorders are malignant tumours, potentially lethal sepsis (Gas Gangrene) an... | 9,739 | medmcqa_train |
'Syndrome of apparent mineralocoicoid excess' is due to deficiency of | Syndrome of apparent mineralocoicoid excess is due to genetic deficiency of 11b-dehydrogenase-2, cause hypokalemia. Liddle's syndrome is caused by autosomal dominant gain-in-function mutations of ENaC subunits, cause hypokalemia. Loss of the transpo functions of the thick ascending loop of Henle and distal convoluted t... | 9,740 | medmcqa_train |
Lupus anticoagulants may cause all of the following except: | Answer is C or None (Increased PT or None) Prothrombin time Ic usually not affected by Lupus Anticoagulant. The Lupus Anticoagulant typically causes an isolated prolongation of APTT. Prothrombin time is usually normal although slight prolongation in PT may also be observed `Lupus anticoagulant should be suspected in ca... | 9,741 | medmcqa_train |
Radical cure of plasmodium vivax is by: | Primaquine In contrast to other antimalarial drugs, primaquine is a poor erythrocytic schizontocide: has weak action on P. vivax, but blood forms of P. Jalciparum are totally insensitive. On the other hand, it is more active against the preerythrocytic stage of P. Jalciparum than that of P. vivax. Primaquine differs fr... | 9,742 | medmcqa_train |
The middle meningeal aery enters the cranium through the ? | The middle meningeal aery is the largest of the aeries supplying the dura mater. It is a branch of the maxillary aery and enters the cranium through the foramen spinosum. | 9,743 | medmcqa_train |
Sphenoid vomer joint is which type of joint? | In fibrous joints the bones are joined by fibrous tissue.these joints are either immovable or permit a slight dgree of movement these can be grouped following three subtypes 1 sutures :these are peculiar to skull and are immovable according to shapre of bony margins the sutures can be Schindylesis;between rostrum of sp... | 9,744 | medmcqa_train |
Mechanism of action of paclitaxel is : | Taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) act by increasing the polymerization of tubulin whereas vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine and vinorelbine) cause inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Both of these drugs act by causing the disruption of mitosis and are active in M-phase of the cell cycle. | 9,745 | medmcqa_train |
During progression of labor S/D of umbilical artery ratio? | Ans. b. DecreasesFeto-placental perfusion assessed with Doppler ultrasound by three methods. Systolic versus end diastolic flow velocity (S/D flow) in the umbilical vessels, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus.UMBILICAL ARTERY DOPPLERThis test measures the ratio of systolic and diastolic blood flow in the umbili... | 9,746 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause ofAcute Intestinal Obstruction in neonates is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Duodenal atresiao Most common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction Meconium plug syndrome.o Second most common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction Duodenal atresia.Impoant causes of intestinal obstruction in newbornMeconium plug syndrome o Duodenal atresia o Jujunoileal atresiaMalrotation of ... | 9,747 | medmcqa_train |
Most important site for gastrin producing cells- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pylorus/Antrum * Gastrin is a polypeptide produced by G cells of gastric mucosa in the antrum of the stomach and the TG cells that are present throughout the stomach and small intestine. Gastrin secreting cells are also present in pituitary gland, brain and nerves, and the fetal pancreatic islets. Gas... | 9,748 | medmcqa_train |
All are useful in knowing the time since death Except | Sequential changes after death like the degree of rigor mois, postmoem hypostasis, postmoem cooling and extent of putrefactive changes are assessed. They will help a great deal in asceaining the time since death. Ref - Krishan Vij 5th edition | 9,749 | medmcqa_train |
The sac contains only a poion of the circumference of the intestine - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Richter's hernia | 9,750 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following facial expressions indicate the rest position | Facial expression:
The following indicates rest position:
Lips are even anteroposteriorly with slight contact.
Skin around the eyes and chin is relaxed.
Relaxation around the nostrils with unobstructed breathing.
With experience the dentist learns to recognize, these features depicting rest position and will make me... | 9,751 | medmcqa_train |
The following statement about keloid is true ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Local recurrence is common after excision | 9,752 | medmcqa_train |
Breech presentation with hydrocephalus is managed by : | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Cesarean section, Trans-abdominal decompression, PV decompression and Craniotomy of after coming head Management options in case of breech presentation with hydrocephalus Cephalocentesis : In this, excessive fluid is removed thereby reducing the fetal head size, allowing vaginal delivery. It can... | 9,753 | medmcqa_train |
A person was diagnosed with Gout. You will suggest the patient to avoid which of the following food product in his diet ? | Foods avoided in Gout : Foods rich in Purine are : 1. Vegetarian- Spinach, Peas, Cauliflower, Mushrooms 2. Non-vegetarian- Meat, Liver, Fish (tuna). 3. Alcohol & heavy exercise causes lactic acidosis & hyperuricemia. | 9,754 | medmcqa_train |
Specific gravity of amniotic fluid | Specific gravity of the amniotic fluid is 1.010 Fluid is faintly alkaline It becomes highly hypotonic to maternal serum at term pregnancy Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 34. | 9,755 | medmcqa_train |
Not a direct branch of arch of aoa ? | Branches of arch of aoa are :- i) Brachiocephalic trunk ii) Left common carotid aery iii) Left subclan aery Right common carotid aery and right subclan aery arise from brachiocephalic trunk (Brachiocephalic trunk divides into right common carotid and right subclan aeries). | 9,756 | medmcqa_train |
Naf inhibits | Enolase requires Mg2++, and by removing magnesium ions, fluoride will irreversibly inhibit this enzyme. Thus fluoride will stop the whole glycolysis.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 111 | 9,757 | medmcqa_train |
Ganser syndrome is a feature of - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dissociative disorder Dissociative disordero The essential feature of the dissociative disorder is a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity or perception of the environment Dissociative disorder areDissociative (psychogenic) amnesia It is the most common type... | 9,758 | medmcqa_train |
patient develops to have malaria smear shows all stages of schizonts 14-20 merozoites, yellowish brown pigment . what is type of malaria | p.vivax= yellowish brown pigment = 12-24 = merozoites p.falciparum= dark brown = 18-24 merozoites p.malariae= dark brown = 8 merozoites p. ovale = dark yellow = 8-12 merozoites ref : ananthanaryana 9th ed | 9,759 | medmcqa_train |
The Electron Microscopy is viually diagnostic in renal biopsy study of - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Alpo syndromeo Alpo's syndrome presents with characteristic histological features on electron microscopy. Such changes may present in other diseases, but are most pronounced and widespread in Alpo's syndrome.Features of Alpo's syndrome on electron microscopy :o Alpo's patients early in their disease t... | 9,760 | medmcqa_train |
The following is true of anti-H. pylori therapy EXCEPT: | Triple drug therapy for H. pylori is indicated in those patients in whom infection is detected by urea breath test. Since H. pylori becomes less virulent in the absence of acid, combination with PPI is more effective. Because resistance can develop to single agents, these are used in combination. Colloidal bismuth subc... | 9,761 | medmcqa_train |
An 82-year-old hospitalized patient with creatinine clearance of 25 mL/min has a microbial infection requiring treatment with antibiotics. Which one of the following drugs is least likely to require a dosage adjustment, either a smaller dose than usual or an increased interval between doses? | Erythromycin is eliminated largely via biliary excretion and decreases in renal function do not usually require a dosage reduction unless creatinine clearance <10mL/min. All of the other antimicrobial drugs listed are eliminated by the kidney, at rates proportional to creatinine clearance, so major dose reductions woul... | 9,762 | medmcqa_train |
Bih weight of a child doubles at five months of age while the bih length doubles at the age of - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 4 year | 9,763 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs can be used for secondary prevention of coronary aery disease? | Ans. is'a'i.e., GemfibrozilGemfibrozilThis fibric acid derivative effectively lowers plasma TG level by enhancing breakdown and suppressing hepatic synthesis of TGs.Besides high efficacy in type III hyperlipoproteinemia, gemfibrozil has shown action in subjects with raised blood CH in addition.In the 'Helsinki Hea Stud... | 9,764 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following drugs are effective for cervical ripening during pregnancy except : | Ripening of cervix is changing the cervical matrix from sol to gel state by dissolving the collagen bundles making cervix soft. Drugs used for cervical ripening are: Prostaglandin - Dinoprostal gel and Misoprostal tablet Steroid receptor antagonist - Mifepristone, Onapristone Relaxin Glyceryl trinitrite, isosorbide mon... | 9,765 | medmcqa_train |
Uncoupler in ETC | Dinitrophenol (DNP) a potent uncoupler is amphipathic and increase the permeability of the lipoid inner mitochondrial membrane to protons (H+), thus reducing the electrochemical potential and sho-circuiting the ATP synthase. In this way, oxidation can proceed without phosphorylation.Ref: MN Chatterjea Textbook of Medic... | 9,766 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-year-old unimmunised child presented with sore throat & swelling of neck. On examination of throat, the following was seen. What is the most probable causative organism? | A membrane is seen over the tonsil in this child with swelling of neck: suggestive of Diphtheria. Diphtheria typically follows an incubation period of 2-5 days. - Infection is slower in onset with less local discomfo often resembling a typical viral upper respiratory infection (URI) - Localized or coalescing pseudo mem... | 9,767 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is viually diagnostic of aoitis on chest X-Ray? | B i.e. Calcification of ascending aoa - Saccular aneurysm with pencil - thin (linear) dystrophic calcification most commonly in ascending aoa commencing near the aoic rootQ is charcteristic feature of syphilitic aoitis. - Aoic aneurysm in Marfan's syndrome often involves sinuses of valsalva, & ascending aoa. It can als... | 9,768 | medmcqa_train |
Health promotion includes: | Ans: D (Health.....) HEALTH PROMOTION Park 23rd/ 43# It is process of enabling people to increase control over & to improve health# The well known interventions in this area are: health education, environmental modification, nutritional interventions & life style & behavioural changes # Health education: This is one of... | 9,769 | medmcqa_train |
A 12 year old girl presents with a yellowish "bihmark" on the scalp. Her mother repos that the lesion has progressively become thicker and way. She is asymptomatic but they are concern regarding the cosmetic appearance. Which is the most likely diagnosis? | Nevus sebaceous appears usually on the scalp. Made of extra sebaceous glands in the skin. It stas as a flat pink or orange plaque (slightly raised area). Hair does not grow in a nevus sebaceous. During adolescence, they can become very bumpy and wa- like. A nevus sebaceous does not go away on its own. T/t: Surgery Seba... | 9,770 | medmcqa_train |
Antidepressant drug used in nocturnal eneuresis is: | A i.e. ImipramineAdverse effects ofTCAsl. Anticholinergic - Dry mouth, bad taste, urinary retention, blurred vision, palpitation, constiPation.2. Sedation, mental confusion, weakness.3. Increased appetite and veigfit gain.4. Sweating andfinc tremer.5. Decreased seizure threshold (clomipramine, maprotiline & bupropion).... | 9,771 | medmcqa_train |
Iron poisoning in 4 year child, R X includes –a) Stomach lavageb) Desferrioxamine IV 100 mgc) X–ray abdomend) Blood transfusion | Iron poisoning
Ingestion of a number of ferrous sulphate tablets may cause acute iron poisoning.
Clinical features
Severe vomiting
GI bleeding
Diarrhea
There may be severe shock, hepatic & renal failure
Treatment of Iron poisoning
Because iron is radio-op... | 9,772 | medmcqa_train |
In deep incised wounds, Langer's lines determine? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gaping Gaping is more when the skin is cut across the Langer's line. Incised wound It is a clean cut through the tissues (usually, skin and subcutaneous tissue), caused by sharp-edged object. which is longer than its depts, when the weapon is struck or pressed and drawn across the body pa, i.e., there... | 9,773 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is seen in COPD? | Chronic bronchitis: Follicular bronchiolitis: Desquamative pneumonitis: Chemical pneumonitis One type of COPD Inflammed bronchial tubes produce lots of mucus Leads to coughing and difficulty breathing Cigarette smoking is the most common cause Known as hyperplasia of the BALT ( Bronchial associated lymphoid tissue) Cha... | 9,774 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of Croup ? | Ans. is `d.' i.e., Parainfluenza virus Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis) Laryngotracheobronchitis is the most common infectious cause of obstruction in children usually occurring between the ages of 6 months and 3 years. Male children (boys) are characteristically more frequently involved than females (girls) Etiology I... | 9,775 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest treatment of Branchial cyst | A branchial cyst probably develops from the vestigial remnants of the second branchial cleft, is usually lined by squamous epithelium, and contains thick, turbid fluid full of cholesterol crystals. The cyst usually presents in the upper neck in early or middle adulthood and is found at the junction of the upper third a... | 9,776 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 yr old female with whose blood routine showed RBC count of 4.5 million, MCV 55fl and TLC 8000. There is no history of blood transfusion. What is your diagnois? | . Thalessemia minor | 9,777 | medmcqa_train |
Murder is punished under | Refer the byte "Legal sections". | 9,778 | medmcqa_train |
Transient acute adrenal insufficiency is seen with which of the following drug. | Etomidate causes adrenal gland suppression. It inhibits an enzyme 11 beta hydroxylase on essential enzyme for coisol synthesis. Etomidate has the highest incidence (40%) of post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) among the intravenous anesthetics. Propofol has antiemetic propeies thereby reducing PONV. Other potentia... | 9,779 | medmcqa_train |
First rank symptoms of schizophrenia are all except | First Rank Symptoms (SFRS) of Schizophrenia 1. Audible thoughts: Voices speaking out thoughts aloud or 'thought echo'. 2. Voices heard arguing: Two or more hallucinatory voices discussing the subject in the third person. 3. Voices commenting on one's action. 4. Thought withdrawal: Thoughts cease and subject experiences... | 9,780 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true for anaemic retinopathy except | Anaemic retinopathy In anaemia, retinal changes are liable to occur when haemoglobin level falls by 50 percent and are consistently present when it is below 35 percent (5 gm%). Anaemic retinopathy is characterised by pale aerioles and a pale general background of the fundus. Retinal veins are dilated. Superficial retin... | 9,781 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding synthesis of triacylglycerol in adipose tissue, all of the following are true except | SYNTHESIS OF TRIGLYCERIDES (TAG) Liver and adipose tissue are the major sites of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. The TAG synthesis in adipose tissue is for storage of energy whereas in liver it is mainly secreted as VLDL and is transpoed to peripheral tissues. The TAG is synthesised by esterification of fatty acyl CoA... | 9,782 | medmcqa_train |
Following an accident a man developed paralytic squint. Regarding Paralytic squint, TRUE is: | The signs and symptoms of paralysis of any extraocular muscle are: Squint Limitation of ocular movements Diplopia False orientation Abnormal position of the head Veigo Ref: Parsons' Diseases of the Eye By Ramanjit Sihota & Radhika Tandon, 21st edition, Page 425. | 9,783 | medmcqa_train |
Ultra structure finding of irreversible injury | Amorphous densities in mitochondria Ref , Robbins 7/e p41-2 ,9/ep42 | 9,784 | medmcqa_train |
In a study of lifestyle influences on health, investigators observe that sending children outside to play instead of letting them sit for hours in front of the television can have long-term health benefits. Which of the following tissues is most likely to be in better condition by middle age from this lifestyle change? | Vitamin D can be synthesized endogenously in the skin with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Together, vitamin D and calcium help build and maintain growing bone. Exercise helps build bone mass, which protects against osteoporosis later in life, particularly in women. Renal function is not greatly affected by the env... | 9,785 | medmcqa_train |
The drug which is used for long term maintenance in opioid addiction | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Methadone Maintenance therapy for opioid addiction* Once detoxification phase is over (i.e., withdrawal symptoms have been managed), the patient is maintained on any of the following drugs to prevent relapse by reducing craving and preventing 'kick' or 'euphoria' produced by opioids (morphine or heroi... | 9,786 | medmcqa_train |
DNA depended RNA synthesis is inhibited by: | Rifampicin | 9,787 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements regarding the flow of lymph from lower limb is true? | Normally. the fluid in lymph is massaged by muscle contractions of the organs and contraction of aerioles and venules, with which they are often associated which increases the flow through lymph vessels lacking valves and smooth muscle Thus by massaging foot lymph flow can be increased Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical P... | 9,788 | medmcqa_train |
Contraindication of liver transplant? | Ans. (c) MetastasisRef: Sabiston 19th edition, Page 657* Contraindications for Liver transplant:# Metastatic liver disease# Poor cardio-pulmonary reserve# Systemic infections (HIV is not a contraindication now)# Porto pulmonary hypertension with pulmonary artery pressure >50mmHg # Hepatopulmonary syndrome when PaO2 doe... | 9,789 | medmcqa_train |
Meniscal injury occurs during: | Ref: Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, 8th ed.Explanation:Mechanism of injury to MeniscusDamage to the meniscus is due to rotational forces directed to a flexed knee (as may occur w-ith twisting sports) is the usual underlying mechanism of injury.A valgus force applied to a Hexed knee with the foot planted ... | 9,790 | medmcqa_train |
Zero order kinetics is independent of ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Plasma concentration o Rate of elimination in zero order kinetics is independent of plasma concentration (see above explanation). | 9,791 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true regarding non-competitive enzyme inhibition? | In case of non-competitive enzyme inhibition Vmax decreases and Km remains the same. | 9,792 | medmcqa_train |
Occipitofrontal is muscle is present in which layer of scalp: | Ans. A. Aponeurotic layerThe term scalp is applied to the soft tissues covering the vault of skull. It extends anteriorly up to the eyebrows (superciliary arches), posteriorly up to the superior nuchal lines, and laterally on each side up to superior temporal line. The scalp consists of five layers. From superficial to... | 9,793 | medmcqa_train |
Gleason's staging is used in: | Ans: A (Ca prostate) Ref: Bailey & Love s Short Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition & Internet SourcesExplanation:The Gleason Grading SystemIt is used to help evaluate the prognosis of men with prostate cancer.It also predicts prognosis and helps guide therapy.Scoring based upon its microscopic appearance on histopatholo... | 9,794 | medmcqa_train |
The distance between tympanic membrane and medial wall of middle ear at the level of centre is: | (d) 2mm(Ref. BD Chaurasia, Human Anatomy 6th ed., Vol 3, page 277)Part of the middle ear cavityDistance from lateral to medial wallEpitympanum6mm (widest)Mesotympanum (centre)2mm (narrowest)Hypotympanum4mm | 9,795 | medmcqa_train |
Dystrophic calcification occur in all except -( | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Normal kidney | 9,796 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with peptic ulcer disease undergone billroth 2 gastrectomy. Later the patient presented with postprandial pain. On endoscopy oedematous and inflamed gastric mucosa has been found. What is the preferred diagnosis | Reflex of duodenal juices into the stomach after billroth surgery e will cause inflamed gastric mucosa. Treatment of choice is roux en y gastrojejunostomy. | 9,797 | medmcqa_train |
In muscle cells, resting membrane potential is equal to the isoelectric potential of | The isoelectric potential of Cl- is -70mV and of K+ is -90mV.
According to ‘Ganong’ and ‘Principles of Medical Physiology’, the actual measured RMP of a nerve fibre is -70mV rather than the calculated value of -90mV.
So in nerve fibres, the RMP is equal to or closer to the isoelectric potential of Cl-.
Whereas in musc... | 9,798 | medmcqa_train |
Subcutaneous vaccine is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e. measles Mode of administration of vaccines* BCG* intradermal* OPV* oral* DPT* Intramuscular* Measles* subcutaneously | 9,799 | medmcqa_train |
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