query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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True about shigella dysentriae except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Produces mildest form of dysentry * Mildest form of dysentry is caused by Sh. Sonnei. | 9,800 | medmcqa_train |
A female presented with a severe headache of sudden onset. On CT scan a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage is made. The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is : | Ans. is 'b' ie. Berry Aneurysm (Ref. : Harrison, 17/e pl726 (16/e, p 2387, 15/e, p 238))" Excluding head trauma the most common cause of SAH is rupture of a saccular aneurysma (Berry aneurysm or congenital aneurysm). "Berry aneurysms - also k/a as congenital aneurysm although they are not present at birth. There is how... | 9,801 | medmcqa_train |
Pulsus paradoxus is seen in all except : | Answer is A (IPPV) Pulsus paradoxus is not a feature of IPPV. Pulsus paradoxus may be seen in association with cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis (infrequent) and COPD. Causes of Pulsus Paradoxus 1. Clinical Disease States Cardiac Tamponade (common) Constrictive Pericarditis (Infrequent) Superior vena cava sy... | 9,802 | medmcqa_train |
The following are characteristic of autism except ___________ | Autistic disorder:- Pervasive developmental disorders. Also called autistic spectrum disorders, cluster of syndromes that share marked abnormalities in the development of social and communicative skills. Symptoms: Qualitative impairment in social interaction as manifested by two of the following- impairment in use of m... | 9,803 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is not an RNA virus? | Ans: b (hepatitis B) Ref:Ananthanarayan, 7 p. 547Among the hepatitis virus only DNA virus is hepatitis B virus (Hepadna virus). Just go through theFeatureHAVHBVHCVHDVHEVAgentSSRNA icosahedral,capsid unenvelopedDSRNAComplex structure envelopedSSRNA envelopedSS defective virus envelopedSSRNA unenvelopedClassificationPico... | 9,804 | medmcqa_train |
The most common indication for tracheostomy is: | Historically, the main indication for a tracheostomy was to bypass upper airway obstruction caused by a foreign body or infection, paicularly diphtheria. Nowadays upper airway obstruction is the least common indicator for tracheostomy. Almost two thirds of tracheostomies are currently performed on intubated intensive c... | 9,805 | medmcqa_train |
Aflatoxin is produced by the fungus? | Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin that is produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Exposure to aflatoxin can cause hepatic necrosis later progressing to cirrhosis. It also acts as a carcinogen and can produce hepatocellular carcinoma. | 9,806 | medmcqa_train |
Ram Prashad is admitted to Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital with respiratory infection for which antibiotic tobramycin is ordered. The clearance and Vd of tobramycin in him are 160 ml/min and 40 L, respectively. If you wish to give Ram Prashad an intravenous loading dose to achieve the therapeutic plasma concentration of 4 mg... | Loading dose = Vd x target plasma cone.
= 40 L x 4 mg/L
= 160 mg
Clearance plays no role in the determination of loading dose. It is given to confuse you. | 9,807 | medmcqa_train |
Extra cervical rib usually compresses which pa of brachial plexus - | THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME Neurological and vascular symptoms and signs in the upper limbs may be produced by compression of the LOWER TRUNK of the brachial plexus (C8 and T1) and subclan vessels between the clavicle and the first rib. The subclan aery and lower brachial trunk pass through a triangle based on the first r... | 9,808 | medmcqa_train |
The following structure does not pass through flexor retinaculum | FLEXOR RETINACULUM Carpel tunnel.Transverse carpal ligament. Strong fibrous band which bridges anterior concavity of carpus and conves it into osseofibrous tunnel called carpal tunnel for the passage of flexor tendons of the digits. Rectangular.Formed due to thickening of deep fascia in front of carpal bones. Attachmen... | 9,809 | medmcqa_train |
To diagnosis foetal wellbeing of foetus, most reliable method -(UPSC 97) | To get started, sit with your feet up or lie on your side. Count each of your baby'smovements as one kick, and count until you reach 10 kicks or movements. Most of the time it will take less than a half-hour, but it could take as long as two hours. Log your recorded times into a Count the Kicks chart. The lecithin-sphi... | 9,810 | medmcqa_train |
Drug commonly used against enteric fever are all except- | Aminoglycosides are not given for enteric fever | 9,811 | medmcqa_train |
Hiatus semilunaris is present in? | Middle meatus: Uncinate process is a hook-like structure running in from anterosuperior to the posteroinferior direction in the middle meatus. It&;s postero superior border is sharp and runs parallel to the anterior border of bulla ethmoidalis. This gap between the two is called hiatus semilunaris .it is two-dimensiona... | 9,812 | medmcqa_train |
After an incised wound, new collagen fibrils are seen along with a thick layer of growing epithelium. The approximate age of the wound is: | The approximate age of the wound in an incised wound, when new collagen fibrils are seen along with a thick layer of growing epithelium is 4-5 days. | 9,813 | medmcqa_train |
Shoest skull diameter: March 2013 | Ans. D i.e. Bimastoid Fetal skull Shoest diameter of fetal skull: Bimastoid (7.5 cm) Largest diameter of fetal skull: Mentoveical (14 cm) | 9,814 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding yaws, all are true except - | Yaws is a chronic contagious non veneral disease. Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 359 | 9,815 | medmcqa_train |
Surgery for undescended testis is recommended at what age? | Optimum age for surgery in case of undescended testis is 6 months. The surgical procedure done is called orchidopexy. Earlier intervention (Six months of age) should be considered in order to theoretically prevent the complications of crytorchidism that may be manifested before 1 year of age. Ref: Sabiston 20th Ed. ; S... | 9,816 | medmcqa_train |
Subepidermal bistreing is seen in all except ? | Ans:D. i.e. Pemphigus Causes of Subepidermal Blistering includes :Bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, erythema multiforme, TEN, friction blisters.Causes of Intraepidermal Blistering includes :Acute eczema, varicella, herpes simplex, pemphigus | 9,817 | medmcqa_train |
Palmer's sign is pregnancy refers to (8-12 weeks): | Rhythmic contractions of uterus | 9,818 | medmcqa_train |
Schizophrenia with the worst prognosis | Hebephrenic schizophrenia Key Symptoms: Disorganized speech, behavior (often silly/ shallow) and flat or inappropriate affect Order of prognosis from good to bad in Schizophrenia: Catatonic > Paranoid > Undifferentiated > Hebephrenic > Simple Reference: Oxford Handbook of psychiatry; 3rd edition; Chapter 6; Schizophren... | 9,819 | medmcqa_train |
Most common type of schizophrenia | D i.e. Paranoid | 9,820 | medmcqa_train |
Ideal speed for most rotary NiTi Instrument is | Most endodontic rotary systems are used in the speed range of 300-350 RPM. Light speed is ued at 1200 rpm | 9,821 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice for Posterior urethral valves: | Ans. a (MCU). (Ref. Sutton Radiology 7th ed. 1017, 1061)- MCU is IOC for PU valve and VUR.Posterior urethral valves (PUV)# Varying degree of chronic urethral obstruction due to fusion and prominence of plicae colliculi, normal concentric folds of urethra.# Usually located in posterior urethra just distal to the level v... | 9,822 | medmcqa_train |
A 25-year-old man is involved in an automobile accident with resultant injuries including bilateral closed femur fractures, left pulmonary contusion, and closed head injury. On post-injury day 4, significant upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage begins. Endoscopic examination reveals an area of confluent ulceration with bl... | Initial effos to control gastric hemorrhage consist of gastric lavage using warmed saline. Lavage serves to fragment existing clots and to remove any pooled blood, reducing fibrinolysis at bleeding sites. Over 80% of patients who present with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage stop bleeding using this approach. Definiti... | 9,823 | medmcqa_train |
Triangular relation of Elbow is maintained in | D i.e. Supracondylar fracture | 9,824 | medmcqa_train |
Vaginal defence is lost: | Vaginal pH: newborn infant -4.5 to 7 pubey -alkaline to acidic reproductive age -4 to 5.5 pregnancy -3.5 to 4.5 post menopausal -6 to 8 Acidity of vagina is because of doderlein's bacilli. It is a rod-shaped gram-positive bacillus which grows anaerobically on acid media. It appears in the vagina 3-4 days after bih and ... | 9,825 | medmcqa_train |
Primary health centre was proposed under: | Bhore committee in 1946 gave the concept of primary health care centre as a basic health care unit. Ref: Park 22nd edition pg: 800. | 9,826 | medmcqa_train |
Natural habitat of Schistosoma (blood flukes) ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | 9,827 | medmcqa_train |
A patient sustains a knife wound through the right fouh intercostals space, 2 cm to the right of the sternum. The area most likely penetrated by the knife is the | The right border of the hea is approximately 1 to 2 cm to the right of the right border of the sternum; therefore, the knife probably did not hit the hea. The middle lobe of the right lung extends from the level of the fouh costochondral junction to the level of the fifth intercostal space. The middle lobe is most like... | 9,828 | medmcqa_train |
Duputryens contracture commonly affects: September 2005 | Ans. B: Ring Finger Dupuytren's contracture is more common among people with diabetes, alcoholism, or epilepsy. Dupuytren contracture, a disease of the palmar fascia, results in the thickening and shoening of fibrous bands in the hands and fingers. The ring finger is the one affected most commonly. It is usually limite... | 9,829 | medmcqa_train |
Hemiparesis is NOT a feature of: | Patients with veebral aery occlusion may present as posterior inferior cerebellar aery syndrome with cerebellar and brainstem signs such as dysahria, iplsilateral limb ataxia, veigo, nystagmus, ipsilateral Horner's syndrome, ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature of face, ipsilateral pharyngeal and laryngeal paralysi... | 9,830 | medmcqa_train |
Preterm baby with PDA, which is the least likely findings? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CO2 washout PDA in preterm neonate o In previous explanations I have explained that chances of spontaneous closure of PDA are higher in premature infants as there is no structural abnormality. However, you should keep in mind that this fact is true when we are comparing the spontaneous closure of PDA ... | 9,831 | medmcqa_train |
Increased acetylcholinesterase in amniotic fluid indicates - | (A) (Open neural tube defects) (1998 - Nelson 19th)* Failure of closure of the neural tube allows excretion of fetal substances (a-fetoprotein , acetylecholinesterase) into the amniotic fluid, serving as biochemical and markers of a neural tube defects (NTD).* Prenatal screening of maternal serum of AFP in the 16th - 1... | 9,832 | medmcqa_train |
15/F complains of anterior knee pain, increased on climbing stairs and getting up after prolonged sitting. Diagnosis is: | Given scenario suggests diagnosis of Chondromalacia patellae Plica syndrome- anterior knee pain, clicking, clunking, and a popping sensation on patellofemoral loading activity such as squatting Patellofemoral ahritis will be seen at a later age and will have pain in all movements of knee. Bipaite patella is congenital ... | 9,833 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following pain is not referred to ear | Reffered pain to ear: Benign ulcers or malignant lesions of the base of tongue tonsil pillars palate Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 435. | 9,834 | medmcqa_train |
Paget's disease of nipple is stained positive for: | Paget's disease may be confused with superficial spreading melanoma. Differentiation from pagetoid intraepithelial melanoma is based on the presence of S-100 antigen immunostaining in melanoma and carcinoembryonic antigen immunostaining in Paget's disease. Surgical therapy for Paget's disease may involve lumpectomy, ma... | 9,835 | medmcqa_train |
The following is true about term "New Families' - | - all nuclear families of less then 10 years duration is termed as new families. - the concept is impoant in view of studies relating to family planning. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:684 <\p> | 9,836 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these is not a derivative of 3rd pharyngeal/ branchial arch: | Ans. (a) Lesser cornuRef: Inderbir Singh's Embroyology, 7th ed. /119-120Lesser cornu of hyoid is derived from 2nd branchial arch.1st Branchial arch2nd Branchial arch3rd Branchial arch4th Branchial arch6th Branchial arch* Malleus and Incus* Maxilla* Mandible* Muscle of mastication* Stapes* Upper half of body of hyoid* L... | 9,837 | medmcqa_train |
The following drug is effective in treatment of ptyriasis versicolor ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ketoconazole Pityriasis versicolor (Tinea versicolor) Tinea versicolor is a misnomer as it is not caused by dermatophyte; Pityriasis versicolor is more appropriate term. It is caused by a nondermatophyte fungus called Pityrosporum ovale (Malasezia furfur). It usually affects young adults. Clinical fea... | 9,838 | medmcqa_train |
Hypoxia due to the slowing of circulation is seen in which of the following? | Hypoxia is O2 deficiency at the tissue level. Traditionally, hypoxia has been divided into four types.Type of hypoxiaSignificanceHypoxic hypoxia The PO2 of the aerial blood is reduced.Anemic hypoxia The aerial PO2 is normal but the amount of hemoglobin available to carry O2 is reducedStagnant hypoxia The blood flow to ... | 9,839 | medmcqa_train |
A male was brought unconscious with external injuries. CT brain showed no midline shift, but basal cistern were compressed with multiple small hemorrhages. Diagnosis is: AIIMS 06 | Ans. Diffuse axonal injuries | 9,840 | medmcqa_train |
Predisposing factors for coronary aery disease include, all Except: | Predisposing factors for coronary aery disease include an increased lipoprotein &;a&; and not lipoprotein &;6&;. REF: Harrison book of internal medicine 21ST EDITION | 9,841 | medmcqa_train |
Cell swelling is seen in all except? | Ans. (c) CalcificationRef: Robbiris pathology 9th ed. 140-41, 65* Cellular swelling may occur due to cellular hypoxia, which damages the sodium-potassium membrane pump; it is reversible when the cause is eliminated.* Cellular swelling is the first manifestation of almost all forms of injury to cells.* On microscopic ex... | 9,842 | medmcqa_train |
(HIT)Head impulse test is used to diagnose? | Option A & C ruled out as SAH presents with Nuchal rigidity. Option B- Sudden neck flexion causes shooting pain in the back which is feature of TABES DORSALIS. HIT test is a bedside technique used to diagnose reduction in vestibular function in one ear vs. the other. HINTS exam (Head Impulse, Nystagmus and Test for Ske... | 9,843 | medmcqa_train |
Epiphora & lagopthalmous following VII nerve injury is due to- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Failure of lacrimal pump o Symptomatic epiphora following facial paralysis is most often associated with one or more of the following -i) Impairment of eyelid closure.ii) A compromised lacrimal pump.iii) Lower lid laxity | 9,844 | medmcqa_train |
Poor prognostic indicator of Pott's paraplegia | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Healed disease Prognosis of Pott's paraplegia Good Poor Degree Paial (only sensory or motor) Complete paraplegia (grade IV) Duration Shoer Longer (> 12 months) Type Early (acute) onset Late (chronic) onset Speed of onset Slow (insidious) Rapid (sudden) Age Younger Old General condition Good Poor Veebr... | 9,845 | medmcqa_train |
A 21 year old student is found to have hyperthyroidism. She is counselled on treatment options including radioactive iodine and antithyroid medications. Carbimazole acts on which part of the thyroid hormone synthesis pathway? | Iodide is actively transported into follicular cells by a sodium/iodide transporter (Fig. 18.6). Pendrin is found at the apical membrane, where it transports iodide into colloid. A defect in this transporter underlies Pend red's syndrome (congenital hypothyroidism and deafness). Thyroid peroxidase catalyses the convers... | 9,846 | medmcqa_train |
Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal haemoglobin molecule. The event responsible for the mutation in the B chain is - | D i.e. point mutation | 9,847 | medmcqa_train |
As compared to morphine, methadone is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Superior analgesic and inferior hypnotic I mg of methadone can be substituted for 4 mg of morphine. Methadone is less hypnotic than morphine (sedative action is less intense). | 9,848 | medmcqa_train |
Antiparkinson's drug known to cause cardiac valvular fibrosis is | Pergolide, ergot derivative, directly stimulates both D1 and D2 receptors. It has been widely used for parkinsonism but is no longer available because its use has been associated with the development of valvular hea disease.Reference: Katzung Pharmacology; 13th edition; Chapter 28; Pharmacologic Management of Parkinson... | 9,849 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a Rho kinase inhibitor? (AIIMS November.2013. May 2013. November 2012) | Ans. a. Fasudil (Ref: Katzung 11/e p203; Harrison 19/e p1590, 18/e p2011)Fasudil is a Rho kinase inhibitor leading to vasodilatation.FasudilRho kinase (protein kinase)-Vasocontrictor signalFasudil is a Rho kinase inhibitorQ leading to vasodilatation.New Anti-Anginal DrugsFasudilRho kinase inhibitorQTrimeiazidine* Metab... | 9,850 | medmcqa_train |
Efficacy of new drug A is compared with an existing drug B in: | Phase Unit of study Purpose PRECLINICAL PHASE Lab experiments Animals Pretesting CLINICAL PHASE Typical No. of patients Phase 0 Healthy human volunteers Micro - dosing Phase I Healthy human volunteers Safety and non - toxicity profile 10 to 30 usually healthy volunteers Phase II Patients Effectiveness Fewer than 100 Ph... | 9,851 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not true about Cryptococcus neoformans | It hydrolyses urea which differentiates Cryptococcus neoformans from non-pathogenic cryptococcus. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition | 9,852 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site involved in Otosclerosis is | (A) Foot plate stapes # Stapedial Otosclerosis:> Stapedial otosclerosis causing stapes fixation and conductive deafness is the most common variety.> Here lesion starts just in front of the oval window in an area call 'fissula ante fenestram'.> This is the site predilection (anterior focus).> Lesion may be behind the ov... | 9,853 | medmcqa_train |
True about NPCDCS is all except | Ans. c. CHC has facilities for diagnosis and treatment of CVD, Diabetes The NPCDCS program has two components viz. (i) Cancer and (ii) Diabetes, CVDs and Stroke. These two components have been integrated at different levels as far as possible for optimal utilization of the resources. The activities at State, Districts,... | 9,854 | medmcqa_train |
The court which can sentence imprisonment for a maximum of 10 years | Answer: c) Assistant Sessions court (KS NARAYAN REDDY 33rd ED P-7)COURTS OF LAWCourtImprisonmentFineSupreme courtAny sentenceAny amount of fineHigh courtAny sentence authorized by lawAny amount of fineSessions courtAny sentence authorized by law (but death sentence must be confirmed by High court)Any amount of fineAssi... | 9,855 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting | Postoperative nausea and vomiting is most common in women, young people, and patients who have received opioids during surgery. Surprisingly, perhaps the one advantage of smoking is that smokers tend to have less postoperative nausea and vomiting than nonsmokers. Similarly, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vom... | 9,856 | medmcqa_train |
All are symptoms of molar pregnancy except: | Ans: B (Symptoms of Hypothyroidism) Ref: Shaw's textbook, of gynaecology 15th ed. Pg 253Explanation: (See the following tabletCLASSIC CLINICAL FEATURES OF COMPLETE MOLEAmenorrhoea of 8- 12 weeksAbnormal vaginal bleedingLower abdominal painHyperemesis gravidarumFeatures of early onset preeclampsia (< 20 weeks)Uterine Ht... | 9,857 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following passes through the foramen magnum EXCEPT | A i.e Veebral Aery | 9,858 | medmcqa_train |
A 85 year old female developed multiple blisters on trunk and thighs. Nikolsky's sign negative. The lesions came on and off. The most probable diagnosis is NOT RELATED-DERMATOLOGY | . | 9,859 | medmcqa_train |
Amyl nitrite is used as antidote in which poisoning? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cyanide | 9,860 | medmcqa_train |
Hypoglycemia is an impoant feature of which of the following condition? | . | 9,861 | medmcqa_train |
There is no cyanosis in severe anemia because - | Ans is 'a' i.e. Certain min. amount of reduced Hb should be present o Cyanosis is a blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to the presence of >5g/dl reduced hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. Now since in anemia the total amount of hemoglobin is decreased, the amount of reduced Hb to produ... | 9,862 | medmcqa_train |
A 65 year old lady underwent mastectomy for Carcinoma breast. Later she developed frontal headache, pain in temple region and around eye. Her ESR is 55 mm/hour. What is the most probable diagnosis? | GIANT CELL AERITIS Headache, scalp tenderness, visual symptoms, jaw claudication, or throat pain The temporal aery is usually normal on physical examination but may be nodular, enlarged, tender, or pulseless Blindness Results from occlusive aeritis of the posterior ciliary branch of the ophthalmic aery Ischemic optic n... | 9,863 | medmcqa_train |
Continuous murmur is present in | A continuous murmur is predicated on a pressure gradient that persists between two cardiac chambers or blood vessels across systole and diastole.The murmurs
typically begin in systole, envelop the second heart sound (S 2 ), and continue through some portion of diastole.
They can often be difficult to distinguish from i... | 9,864 | medmcqa_train |
Function of endonucleases:- | Endonuclease Exonuclease Cut in between the DNA sequence Cut from the sides either from 5' or from 3' side Cut ds DNA Cut ss & ds DNA | 9,865 | medmcqa_train |
Which is a clean surgery | .In adults surgical management includes * It includes herniotomy, i.e. excision of hernial sac and herniorrhaphy (strengthening of the posterior wall of inguinal canal either by repair or mesh). Precipitating causes should be treated first, like TURP for BPH, dilatation of stricture urethra, treatment of chronic bronch... | 9,866 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs is supposed to prevent congenital neural tube defects - | Folic acid plays a role in synthesis of nucleic acids. It is needed for normal development of blood cells in the marrow. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 620 | 9,867 | medmcqa_train |
Pressure of normal uterine contractions is between 190-300 units. Which unit is being referred to here? | Ans. is a, i.e. Montevideo unitsRef Williams Obs, 23/e, p 4371 montevideo unit = Intensity of constraction x number of contractions in 10 mins.Montevideo unit is to define uterine activity.As per this:Clinical labour usually commences when uterine activity reaches values between 80-120 Montevideo units (This translates... | 9,868 | medmcqa_train |
LES pressure is decreased by all except: | Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Pressure Decreased by Increased by Prostaglandin E1 and E2, Progesterone Theophylline Barbiturates, Diazepam, Dopamine CCB, Atropine, Nitrates Chocolate, Coffee Alcohol, Pippermint Smoking, Fat Bombesin, Angiotensin II PP, Substance P, Motilin Gastrin Antacids Cholinergics Domeperidone ... | 9,869 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of choice for aplastic anaemia is | The prognosis of severe aplastic anemia managed with suppoive therapy is only poor and more than 50% of people die, usually in the first year. The curative treatment for patients under 35 years of age is allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation if there is an available sibling donor. Older patients and those w... | 9,870 | medmcqa_train |
Testicular tumor with best prognosis is | Seminomas are radiosensitive tumors so prognosis is good. | 9,871 | medmcqa_train |
Vaginal epithelium is a derivative of | The wall of the vagina from the lumen outwards consists firstly of the mucosa of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with an underlying lamina propria of connective tissue, secondly a layer of smooth muscle with bundles of circular fibers internal to longitudinal fibers, and thirdly an outer layer of connect... | 9,872 | medmcqa_train |
Good prognosis in schizophrenia is/are seen in: | Ans. C. Acute onsetGood Prognosis in Schizophrenia:Late onset (Onset >35 yr)Sho duration (<6months)Obvious precipitating factorsAcute onset/ Abrupt onsetGood premorbid social, sexuaI and work historiesMood disorder symptoms(especially depressive disorders)MarriedFamily history of mood disordersGood social suppo systems... | 9,873 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of GI bleed is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Duodenal ulcer o Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of severe UGIB, accounting for upto 50% of cases. | 9,874 | medmcqa_train |
Mrs Reeta Wardhan, A 50-year-old female with rheumatoid ahritis is being considered for infliximab therapy. Which of the following tests should be performed before beginning treatment? | (Ref: Katzung 11/e p633) Infliximab is a monoclona antibody against TNF-a. It is commonly used to treat moderate to severe rheumatoid ahritis paicularly in patients who have failed methotrexate therapy. TNF-a inhibitors can cause serious adverse effects, including reactivation of latent tuberculosis. All patents being ... | 9,875 | medmcqa_train |
A 23-year-old male medical student fell asleep in his chair with Netter's Atlas wedged into his axilla. When he awoke in the morning, he was unable to extend the forearm, wrist, or fingers. Movements of the ipsilateral shoulder joint appear to be normal. Which of the following nerves was most likely compressed, produci... | The radial nerve is the most likely nerve compressed to cause these symptoms. This type of nerve palsy is often called "Saturday night palsy." One reason for this nickname is that people would supposedly fall asleep after being intoxicated on a Saturday night with their arm over the back of a chair, thereby compressing... | 9,876 | medmcqa_train |
Atopic Dermatitis is diagnosed by: | C i.e. Clinical Examination Itch (or pruritis)Q is a major diagnostic criteria whereas, Denny Morgan infra orbital fold is a minor criteria for diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis most commonly involves flexural surfaces like antecubital and popliteal fossa Q. However, in infantile phase, face and extenso... | 9,877 | medmcqa_train |
"Row of tombstones" appearance is seen in: | Histopathology of pemphigus vulgaris Earliest changes -intercellular edema + disappearance of intercellular bridges in the lower most epidermis. Loss of coherence between epidermal cells (acantholysis) --> formation of clefts -->bullae in the suprabasal zone. Basal cells remain attached to the dermis, producing a "tomb... | 9,878 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of Multiple Carboxylase deficiency is | Multiple carboxylase deficiencies is characterized by deficient activities of three biotin-dependent enzymes, propionyl coenzyme A carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A carboxylase. Multiple carboxylase deficiencies is a form of metabolic disorder involving failures of carboxylation enzy... | 9,879 | medmcqa_train |
Vein of Galen drains into- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Straight sinus * Great cerebral vein of Galen: It is formed by the union of two internal cerebral veins, is 2 cm long and drains into the straight sinus. Its tributaries are:- (a) Internal cerebral veins, (b) Basal veins, (c) Occipital veins, (d) Posterior callosal vein | 9,880 | medmcqa_train |
A 32-years old man with pelvic fracture is in urinary retention with blood at the external urinary means. Retrograde urethrogram shows prostatomembranous disruption. The most appropriate immediate treatment is: | Posterior Urethral injury- Posterior urethra is located in the pelvis and is fixed.- In cases of pelvic fracture- posterior urethra is more prone for injury.- Most common site of injury - bulbomembranous junction. Bulbar Urethral Injury Membranous Urethral Injury More common Less common Direct blow to the perineum (Str... | 9,881 | medmcqa_train |
The ECG change seen in hyperkalemia is | Hyperkalemia (plasma K+ +-7.0 meq/L). The PR and QRS intervals are within normal limits. Very tall, slender peaked T waves are now present. Hyperkalemia (plasma K+ +-8.5 meq/L). The QRS complex is broad and slurred and the QRS interval has widened to 0.2 s. The T waves remain tall and slender Fuher elevation of the pla... | 9,882 | medmcqa_train |
The most common pure germ cell tumour of the ovary | Ans. is b i.e. Dysgerminoma "Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell tumour accounting for about 40% of all ovarian cancers of germ cell origin." "Dysgerminomas are the most common malignant germ cell tumours of the ovary and have been considered the female - equivalent of seminoma." Most common germ cell t... | 9,883 | medmcqa_train |
Plague is transmitted by the bite of | Plague, also called Black death or Mahamari or The great death, is a zoonoses caused by yersinia pestis.
Wild rodent (Tetra indica) is the natural reservoir in India. o Most effective and commonest vector for plague is rat flea.
Xenopsylla cheopis is the most important species of rat flea for plague. Other important sp... | 9,884 | medmcqa_train |
Extramammary paget's is seen in? | Ans. (b) Vulva(Ref: Robbins 9th ed p 999)Extramammary Paget's is rare lesion of the vulva is similar in its manifestations to Paget disease of the breast. In the vulva, it presents as a pruritic, red, crusted, maplike area, usually on the labia majora. aget disease is a distinctive intraepithelial proliferation of mali... | 9,885 | medmcqa_train |
Berbeck's granules are seen in | Ans. a (Langerhan cells). (Ref. Robbins, Pathologic Basis of Disease 6th/pg.685)HISTIOCYTOSIS# Histiocytosis represents clonal proliferation of antigen- presenting dendritic cells.# It is of two types:- Localized histiocytosis (70%) i.e. Eosinophilic granuloma. It is the most benign variety of langerhans cell histiocyt... | 9,886 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used in Narcoanalysis is: | Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by K.D. Tripat hi p. 109, 113.Explanation:Hyoscine (Scopalamine)Atropine substitute and quartemary ammonium compoundLess potent and longer acting than atropineUsed for esophageal and gastrointestinal spastic conditions.- Hyoscine has been used to produce sedation and amnesia duri... | 9,887 | medmcqa_train |
Lipid envelope is found in which virus? | All RNA viruses are enveloped, except PARC (Picorna, Astro, Reo, Calciviridae). | 9,888 | medmcqa_train |
Small intestinal stricture is not seen - | There is never significant fibrosis and hence fibrous stenosis (stricture) seldom occurs in healed typhoid lesions. | 9,889 | medmcqa_train |
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy true is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Osteoporosis RSD is a condition that features a group of typical symptoms, including pain (often burning type), tenderness, and swelling of an exterimity associated with varying degrees of sweating, warmth and/or shiny skin. It is an abnormal sympathetic response following trauma. This is commonly enc... | 9,890 | medmcqa_train |
Which cause of death would cause an elevated level of cyanide | C i.e. Thermal burns | 9,891 | medmcqa_train |
Candida infections are seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Myeloperoxidase deficiency Patients with myeloperoxidase deficiency are paicularly liable to candida infection"--Ananthanarayan Immunodeficiency Infection * Chronic-granulomatous disease Catalase positive pyogenic infections * Chediak-Higashi syndrome Pyogenic infections * Myeloperoxidase deficiency C... | 9,892 | medmcqa_train |
True about conscious sedation are all except ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Protective reflexes are abolished conscious sedation, protective reflexes are intact (has been explained in previous sessions). | 9,893 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antiviral drug has a dual antiviral activity that is against HBV and HIV? | Emtricitabine (FTC)
Emtricitabine, a fluoro derivative of lamivudine, inhibits both HIV and HBV.
Reference: Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology Wolters Kluwer Sixth Edition page no 577 | 9,894 | medmcqa_train |
Compound used as primer in weapon is | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Potassium chlorate Cartridge (round)* Cartridge is the ammunition used in firearms. Cartridge consists of (i) Cartridge case, (ii) Propellant (gun powder), (iii) Projectile (missile) and (iv) Wads (only in shotguns.).1) Cartridge case# It is the outer shell or covering of the cartridge. In shotgun it ... | 9,895 | medmcqa_train |
True about primary pulmonary T.B. is: | PULMONARY TB:
Pulmonary TB is conventionally categorized as primary or postprimary (adult-type, secondary). This distinction has been challenged by molecular evidence from TB-endemic areas indicating that a large percentage of cases of adult pulmonary TB result from recent infection (either primary infection or reinfec... | 9,896 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following teeth erupt earlier in the upper jaw- | Eruption usually occurs in lower jaw first except it is preceded by lateral incisors in upper jaw. ref : Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27th edition pg. 35.. | 9,897 | medmcqa_train |
Where was the last case of Smallpox occured? | The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977 in Somalia and the World Health Organization ceified the global eradication of the disease in 1980. | 9,898 | medmcqa_train |
All are water borne disease, except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Brucellosis Water Borne diseases o Those caused by the presence of an infective agent a)Viral Hep. A, Hep E, Polio, Rota virus diarrhoea b)Bacteria Typhoid & paratyphoid. Cholera, Bacillary dysentry. E coli diarrhoea c)Prnto:oal A moebiasis, Gardiasis. d)Helminthic round worm. thread worm, hydatid dis... | 9,899 | medmcqa_train |
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