query stringlengths 17 395 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Do cardiac procedures in lung transplant recipients increase mortality in selected patients? | [
"Associated comorbidities in potential lung transplant recipients may significantly impact operative morbidity and mortality. We undertook this review to specifically study whether patients who underwent associated cardiac procedures either before (as a prerequisite) or during their lung transplantation had differe... | [
"Concern that morbidly obese (body mass index [BMI] 35) kidney transplant recipients have worse outcomes than non-morbidly obese recipients leads many transplant centers to deny them the benefit of kidney transplantation. These concerns are supported by guidelines recently published by the American Society of Trans... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic carotid plaque feature with in vivo MR imaging? | [
"To retrospectively determine if in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can simultaneously depict differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this HIPAA-compliant study. Twenty-three patients (21 men, tw... | [
"Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is caused by arterio-arterial or cardiovascular emboli in about 50% of all cases, but the role of non-embolic causes remains unclear. We studied 27 patients with amaurosis fugax (AFX), branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and anterior ischae... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does prostacyclin improve transcoronary myocardial delivery of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells? | [
"Heart transplantation of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) is under evaluation as a therapy for cardiac repair. Prostacyclin (PGI2), a vasodilator with additional effects on platelet aggregation and blood cell adhesion, exerts cardioprotection and might favour the myocardial delivery of ADSCs. We invest... | [
"Autologous bone marrow-derived or cardiac-derived stem cell therapy for heart disease has demonstrated safety and efficacy in clinical trials, but functional improvements have been limited. Finding the optimal stem cell type best suited for cardiac regeneration is the key toward improving clinical outcomes. To det... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does type of gastrointestinal reconstruction affect postoperative recovery after pancreatic head resection? | [
"The postoperative recovery of gastric motility with various reconstructions after pancreatic head resection has been reported. However, little is known about this recovery after pancreatic head resection with segmental duodenectomy (PHRSD). Some have attributed gastric stasis after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduod... | [
"Pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy is relatively common, and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of two-layered duct-to-mucosa pancreaticogastrostomy as a method for restoring pancreaticoenteric continuity. Prospectively collected da... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does oxygen supplementation during airway instrumentation improve intestinal barrier dysfunction? | [
"The study investigates the effect of airway instrumentation on the histopathology of the intestine, contribution of bacterial translocation, and whether oxygen supplementation may counteract the possible detrimental effects of this procedure. Fifty-five Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups. Group 1 served as cont... | [
"Clinically, hepatectomy is a clean procedure performed without routine antimicrobial prophylaxis, regardless of the extent of liver loss. Translocation of endotoxin has been recognized as a fatal complication leading to liver failure. After extended hepatectomy, the portal hypertension, mucosal damage, intrahepati... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does urinary trypsin inhibitor present in fetal urine prevent intraamniotic meconium-induced intestinal damage in gastroschisis? | [
"Contact with amniotic fluid causes intestinal damage in gastroschisis, and intraamniotic meconium has been shown to be responsible. Meconium has been shown to contain a significant amount of IL-8, which may be the responsible cytokine for harmful effects of meconium. Neonatal urine contains high amount of urinary ... | [
"Placental anatomopathologic lesions are usually associated with pregnancy complications and neonatal impaired outcome. We included in our study 122 patients with gestational age of 26-35 weeks. From the analysis of three pathological aspects (chorioamnionitis, funisitis and chronic hypoxia), a score was assigned t... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase contribute to the early cardiodepressant action of tumor necrosis factor? | [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) contributes to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced contractile depression. Tumor necrosis factor has both beneficial and detrimental consequences that may result from the activation of different downstream... | [
"Myocardial failure, leading to inotrope-unresponsive shock, is the predominant cause of death in meningococcal and other forms of septic shock. Proinflammatory cytokines released in septic shock are known to have myocardial depressant effects. We previously showed that interleukin 6 is a major myocardial depressan... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does cardiac-directed expression of adenylyl cyclase VI facilitate atrioventricular nodal conduction? | [
"The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that cardiac-directed expression of adenylyl cyclase VI (AC(VI)) facilitates atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction. Cardiac-directed expression of AC(VI), unlike other strategies to increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate generation, reduces mortality in murine... | [
"Pannexin-1 (Panx1) is an ATP release channel that is ubiquitously expressed and coupled to several ligand-gated receptors. In isolated cardiac myocytes, Panx1 forms large conductance channels that can be activated by Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Here we characterized the electrophysiological funct... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does ethanol activate cAMP response element-mediated gene expression in select regions of the mouse brain? | [
"The specific brain regions that contribute to behavioral changes produced by ethanol are not clearly understood. We know that cAMP-PKA signaling has been strongly implicated in the CNS effects of ethanol. Ethanol promotes activation and translocation of the PKA catalytic subunit (Calpha) into the nucleus in cell l... | [
"Adaptation to stress is critical for survival. The adrenal medulla, the major source of epinephrine, plays an important role in the development of the hyperadenergic state and increased risk for stress associated disorders, such as hypertension and myocardial infarction. The transcription factor Egr1 plays a centr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do mast cells facilitate local VEGF release as an early event in the pathogenesis of postoperative peritoneal adhesions? | [
"Peritoneal injury sustained at laparotomy may evoke local inflammatory responses that result in adhesion formation. Peritoneal mast cells are likely to initiate this process, whereas vascular permeability/endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may facilitate the degree to which subsequent adhesion formation occurs. Mast... | [
"Infusion of exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into adult brain at doses above 60 ng/day induces dramatic angiogenesis accompanied by vascular leak and inflammation. Blood vessels formed by this treatment are dilated and tortuous, exhibiting a pathological morphology. Pathological VEGF-induced ang... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is low number of examined lymph nodes in node-negative breast cancer patients an adverse prognostic factor? | [
"The aim of the study was to determine whether the number of lymph nodes removed at axillary dissection is associated with recurrence and survival in node-negative breast cancer (NNBC) patients. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1606 women with pathologically node-negative T1-T3 invasive breast can... | [
"Stage IV gastric carcinoma is rarely curatively resected and almost invariably carries a poor prognosis. Several clinicopathologic factors are involved, but lymphatic spread of the cancer may significantly affect survival. A retrospective study was designed to evaluate whether the nodal metastatic rate (number of ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does dehydroepiandrosterone administration modulate endothelial and neutrophil adhesion molecule expression in vitro? | [
"The steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) exerts protecting effects in the treatment of traumatic and septic complications in several animal models. This effect goes along with reduced amounts of infiltrating immune cells in organs such as lung and liver. However, the underlying mechanisms of DHEA action a... | [
"Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions are common complications after abdominal surgery. The exact molecular mechanisms that are responsible for these complications remain unclear, and there are no effective methods for preventing adhesion formation or reformation. The aim of the study reported here was to invest... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is serum level of uric acid , partly secreted from the failing heart , a prognostic marker in patients with congestive heart failure? | [
"A recent study suggested that xanthine oxidase is activated in congestive heart failure (CHF). However, whether uric acid (UA) is secreted from the failing heart remains unknown, so it is currently unclear whether serum UA can provide prognostic information independent of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Serum UA ... | [
"Adenosine is believed to be cardioprotective; however, it has not been elucidated whether the plasma adenosine level is increased in chronic heart failure. Seventy-one patients attending a specialized heart failure clinic during a 6-month period were grouped according to the cause of chronic heart failure and the ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does the financial implications of fall in older people for an acute hospital? | [
"Falls are a common occurrence in older people and frequently lead to hospital admission. There is a current lack of cohesive fall prevention strategies in the Republic of Ireland. To demonstrate the cost of fall-related admissions to an acute hospital. A review of Hospital Inpatient Enquiry (HIPE) data and medical... | [
"What are the lifestyle choices and dietary aspects of women about to undergo fertility treatment in New Zealand?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does coagulopathy fully protect hospitalized cirrhosis patients from peripheral venous thromboembolism? | [
"Despite the endogenous coagulopathy of cirrhosis, some patients with cirrhosis experience thrombophilic states. This study aims to determine the incidence and predictors of venous thromboembolism (VTE), such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. A retrospect... | [
"Portal vein thrombosis is a frequent complication in end-stage cirrhosis with a considerable peri-operative risk for liver transplant candidates. We aimed to characterize the pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis in a cohort of liver transplant recipients, and to identify independent risk factors for this complica... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is myocardial infarction associated with Spl binding site polymorphism of collagen type 1A1 gene? | [
"Human atherosclerotic lesions contain collagen type I, which plays a pivotal role in atherosclerotic plaque stability. In contrast, the normal coronary arteries do not express this type of collagen. Data have shown that the collagen type 1A1 (COL1A1) gene Sp1 binding site (-1245 G/T) polymorphism is associated wit... | [
"Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is usually caused by disc herniation or degeneration. Several genetic factors have been implicated in disc disease. Tryptophan alleles in COL9A2 and COL9A3 have been shown to be associated with lumbar disc disease in the Finnish population, and polymorphisms in the vitamin... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does low dairy intake in early childhood predict excess body fat gain? | [
"To estimate the effect of dairy intake in early childhood on the acquisition of body fat throughout childhood. Ninety-nine of the original 106 families enrolled in the Framingham Children's Study with a child age to 6 years at baseline were followed into adolescence through yearly clinic visits and periodic data c... | [
"Despite being associated with lower birth weight, maternal smoking in the last 2 trimesters of pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of offspring overweight in several studies. To date, only one study has examined whether smoking in the first trimester only, which is not associated with birth weight, i... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does increased leptin expression in the dorsal vagal complex suppress adiposity without affecting energy intake and metabolic hormones? | [
"Increased leptin transgene expression locally in hypothalamic sites suppresses weight and energy intake, enhances thermogenic energy expenditure, and differentially modulates metabolic hormones for an extended period. We evaluated whether a similar localized expression of leptin transgene in the dorsal vagal compl... | [
"Galanin (GAL) has a role in the regulation of food intake by way of acting on the central nervous system in rodents. High serum GAL levels have been observed in obese human subjects, suggesting that peripheral GAL has a role in the regulation of energy balance and that elevated circulating GAL levels contribute to... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) overexpression and microvessel density predict survival in the urinary bladder carcinoma? | [
"To study proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) over expression and angiogenesis with their relationship to tumor parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in patients who underwent radical cystectomy. The mean age of the patients was 53.53 years (range; 29-70 years) and the males were 98 of ... | [
"EpCAM is an adhesion molecule of the basolateral membranes in a variety of epithelial cells. Over-expression has been detected in many epithelial tumours and has been associated with high stage, high grade and a worse survival in some tumour types. To assess the prognostic value of EpCAM in urothelial carcinoma of... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do pLAC1 mRNA levels in maternal blood at induction of labor correlate negatively with induction-delivery interval? | [
"This study was conducted to determine whether, in low risk women having labor induced using prostaglandin gel (dinoprostone gel), there is a relationship between the concentration of mRNA for the PLAC1 gene (a trophoblast-specific gene) in maternal blood and the time elapsed between the first gel administration an... | [
"Antenatal stress, maturation and other foetal conditions affect the postnatal cardiovascular function. Atrial- (ANP) and brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) play important roles in regulating extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure, which may surrogate the foetal cardiovascular condition. The aim of this st... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do inspiratory resistances facilitate the diaphragm response to transcranial stimulation in humans? | [
"Breathing in humans is dually controlled for metabolic (brainstem commands) and behavioral purposes (suprapontine commands) with reciprocal modulation through spinal integration. Whereas the ventilatory response to chemical stimuli arises from the brainstem, the compensation of mechanical loads in awake humans is ... | [
"Theophylline is an old drug traditionally used as a bronchodilator, although it was recently shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties, enhance the actions of corticosteroid actions, and stimulate the respiratory neuronal network. Theophylline has been recognized as an important drug for not only asthma but al... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does oral sodium citrate increase nausea amongst elective Cesarean delivery patients? | [
"Historically, aspiration of gastric contents with subsequent pneumonia was a major cause of anesthesia-related maternal mortality. Before elective Cesarean delivery, gastric fluid can be neutralized with histamine-2 blockers or with oral sodium citrate. Although sodium citrate is commonly used, many patients disli... | [
"To investigate the effectiveness of prophylactic Korean hand acupressure in the prevention of postoperative vomiting in women scheduled for minor gynecological laparoscopic surgery, we conducted a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. In one group (n = 40), acupressure was performed 30 min before t... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is a functional polymorphism in the lymphotoxin-alpha gene associated with carotid artery wall thickness : the Diabetes Heart Study? | [
"The lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We tested for an association between a functional polymorphism, LTA 252A/G, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness in 1088 siblings from 435 Diabetes Heart Study families. Intima-media thickness was measured by h... | [
"Dimethylarginines (DMA) interfere with nitric oxide formation by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase (asymmetrical DMA [ADMA]) and l-arginine uptake into the cell (ADMA and symmetrical DMA [SDMA]). In prospective clinical studies, ADMA has been characterized as a cardiovascular risk marker, whereas SDMA is a novel ma... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are articular tissues expressing the env-pX transgene required for generation of arthritogenic T cells in human T cell leukemia virus type I transgenic rats? | [
"Human T cell leukemia virus type I env-pX transgenic rats (env-pX rats) were used to investigate the pathogenesis of arthritis. Phenotype of cells infiltrated into arthritic joints in env-pX rats was analyzed using flow cytometry and cell-transfer experiments were done using env-pX and wild-type WKAH rats. The maj... | [
"Recently, genomewide association analysis has revealed that the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated factor 1-Complement 5 (TRAF1-C5) containing locus on chromosome 9 was associated with an increased risk for RA. Studies in model systems suggested that either gain- or loss-of-function TRAF1 mutations have imm... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Do gABA-site antagonism and pentobarbital actions depend on the alpha-subunit type in the recombinant rat GABA receptor? | [
"The roles of alpha-subunits on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-site antagonism and pentobarbital actions were examined in rat recombinant GABA(A) receptors in Xenopus oocytes. Experiments were performed with binary and ternary GABA(A) receptors containing alpha1-, alpha4- or alpha5-subunit by the two-electrode ... | [
"Ethanol (EtOH) inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is poorly understood due in part to the organizational complexity of the receptor that provides ample locations for sites of action. Among these, the N-terminal domain (NTD) of NMDA receptor subunits contains binding sites for a variety of modulato... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does childhood socioeconomic status predict physical functioning a half century later? | [
"Socioeconomic status (SES) affects health outcomes at all stages of life. Relating childhood socioeconomic environment to midlife functional status provides a life course perspective on childhood factors associated with poor and good health status later in life. The British 1946 birth cohort was prospectively eval... | [
"Early maternal age at first birth and elevated parity may have long-term consequences for the health of women as they age. Both are known risk factors for obstetrical complications with lifelong associated morbidities. They may also be related to diabetes and cardiovascular disease development. We examine the rela... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are normotensive women with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria at high risk for macrovascular disease? | [
"The excess risk of macrovascular disease and death associated with diabetes seems higher in women than in men. The pathogenesis for this risk difference has not been fully elucidated. We investigated whether female sex was associated with macrovascular disease and death, independently of known risk factors related... | [
"Increased urinary albumin and protein excretion is associated with cardiovascular disease mortality independent of other cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We assessed the relationship between the different degrees of proteinuria at baseline and the incide... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does high-flow endobronchial cooled humidified air protect non-heart-beating donor rat lungs against warm ischemia? | [
"Lungs from non-heart-beating donors for transplantation require protection against warm ischemic damage. Minimally invasive techniques are required to reduce organ damage during the warm ischemic period because invasive surgical procedures are often not feasible at this time. This study investigated the preservati... | [
"Ischemia-reperfusion injury accounts for one-third of early deaths after lung transplantation. To expand the limited donor pool, lung retrieval from non-heart beating donors (NHBD) has been introduced recently. However, because of potentially deleterious effects of warm ischemia on microvascular integrity, use of ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is efficacy of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice increased by the use of low-cost white reflecting curtains? | [
"To determine whether the addition of low-cost reflecting curtains to a standard phototherapy unit could increase effectiveness of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. Randomised controlled clinical trial. Level-one nursery of the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malayasia. Term newborns with uncomplica... | [
"Thermal management of the very low-birthweight (VLBW) infant is a cornerstone of neonatology because thermal stress is an important determinant of survival. This prospective study was designed to determine the effects of polyethylene occlusive skin wrapping on heat loss in VLBW infants admitted to the neonatal int... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does a mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age? | [
"Oligosaccharides may alter postnatal immune development by influencing the constitution of gastrointestinal bacterial flora. To investigate the effect of a prebiotic mixture of galacto- and long chain fructo-oligosaccharides on the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) during the first six months of life in formula ... | [
"Exposure to allergens early in life influences the development of allergen-specific immune responses. In animal models, the development of tolerance to proteins delivered to the gastrointestinal and the respiratory mucosa is influenced by age and genetic background. Late introduction of cow's milk in infants is as... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do [ Our approach in the treatment of exposed hydroxyapatite orbital implant ]? | [
"To present our approach in the treatment of exposed hydroxyapatite (HA) orbital implant. Seven patients with HA orbital implant exposure presented for treatment, all primary implants, postevisceration. All patients were operated by the same surgeon. The size of implant was based on preoperative axial length measur... | [
"A case of focal damage to the iris with distortion of the pupil secondary to PhotoDerm therapy in a 2-year-old boy is reported. To study ocular complication of photoDerm VL therapy for facial port-wine stain. METHODS. : Observatory case report. PhotoDerm VL therapy may damage ocular tissues."
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does unilateral pallidotomy produce motor deficits and excesses in rats? | [
"To better understand the behavioral effects of pallidotomy as a treatment for a range of movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease, chorea, and ballismus. In some cases, pallidotomy increases movement whereas in others it decreases unwanted motor behavior. The present study investigated the effects of unil... | [
"To determine whether low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may modulate l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in dyskinetic Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. LID is a severe motor complication in advanced PD patients. The neural mechanisms involved in LID are not clear, and it is apparent th... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do circulating endothelial cells demonstrate an attenuation of endothelial damage by minimizing the extracorporeal circulation? | [
"Detachment of endothelial cells may represent serious injury of the endothelium after cardiopulmonary bypass. We investigated whether the extent of endothelial injury is related to the type of cardiopulmonary bypass system used (conventional or minimized) and determined circulating endothelial cells as well as von... | [
"The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable cerebrovascular endothelial barrier that maintains homeostasis between the periphery and the central nervous system. BBB disruption is a consequence of ischemic stroke and BBB permeability can be altered by infection/inflammation, but the complex cellular an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does ultrasound produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound unit accelerate fracture repair? | [
"A recent novel application of ultrasound therapy is the treatment of bone fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on fracture repair of ultrasound produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound unit as used by physical therapists. Bilateral midshaft femur fractures were created in 30 adul... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does expression of mammalian GPCRs in C. elegans generate novel behavioural responses to human ligands? | [
"G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in many biological processes and represent a major class of drug targets. However, purification of GPCRs for biochemical study is difficult and current methods of studying receptor-ligand interactions involve in vitro systems. Caenorhabditis elegans is a soil... | [
"Different environmental stimuli, including exposure to dauer pheromone, food deprivation, and high temperature, can induce C. elegans larvae to enter the dauer stage, a developmentally arrested diapause state. Although molecular and cellular pathways responsible for detecting dauer pheromone and temperature have b... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does nitric oxide block hKv1.5 channels by S-nitrosylation and by a cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism? | [
"This study was undertaken to analyze whether nitric oxide (NO) modulates the human potassium channel hKv1.5, which generates the ultrarapid delayed rectifier current (IKur) that determines the height and duration of atrial action potentials. Currents were recorded using the whole-cell patch-clamp in Ltk- cells exp... | [
"Oxidants generated by activated endothelial cells are known to induce apoptosis, a pathogenic feature of vascular injury and inflammation from multiple pathogeneses. The melastatin-family transient receptor potential 2 (TRPM2) channel is an oxidant-sensitive Ca2+ permeable channel implicated in mediating apoptosis... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is bile-reflux into the pancreatic ducts associated with the development of intraductal papillary carcinoma in hamsters? | [
"Reflux of pancreatic juice into the biliary tract is a well-known risk factor for the development of biliary carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the significance of bile-reflux into the pancreatic ducts in pancreatic carcinogenesis, especially in the development of carcinoma in the main pancreatic duct in ha... | [
"About half of the world population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium associated with gastric cancer and considered to be a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Whether the bacterium is associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, believed to be a precursor of pa... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does the pneumonia severity index predict time to clinical stability in patients with community-acquired pneumonia? | [
"A total of 33 hospitals in 13 countries in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America. To investigate the relationship between the pneumonia severity index (PSI) and the time to clinical stability from intravenous to oral antibiotic therapy in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumoni... | [
"To investigate the association of method of acquisition (hospital-acquired vs. community-acquired) and mortality in children with severe viral respiratory infection. Retrospective cohort study. : Pediatric intensive care unit at an urban academic tertiary care children's hospital. All patients aged <18 yrs admitte... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are vascular endothelial growth factor levels in post-CABG pleural effusions associated with pleural inflammation and permeability? | [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) participates in the pathogenesis of exudative pleural effusions (PEs). In the present study, we determined the pleural fluid (PF) and serum VEGF levels in patients with post-coronary artery by-pass grafting (post-CABG) PEs. Thirty-eight patients with post-CABG (two with bi... | [
"Cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis show a marked activation of the cytokine cascade, and cytokines induce the synthesis of nitric oxide in vitro. Our aim was to assess whether patients with ascitic fluid infection show increased levels of nitric oxide, and whether this is related to the deve... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is late relapse of metastatic testicular nonseminomatous germ cell cancer : surgery needed for cure? | [
"To identify patients with late relapse of metastatic, nonseminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT) and to evaluate the patterns of relapse, treatment and outcome, as such relapse at >2 years after complete remission to treatment for metastatic disease (late relapse) is uncommon, but with prolonged follow-up is becomin... | [
"We determined whether teratomatous elements in the orchiectomy specimen predict for teratoma in the retroperitoneum in patients who have not received chemotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with clinical stages A, B and B2 nonseminoma who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. T... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
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Do final myocardial blush grade predicts troponin I elevation in unstable angina patients undergoing percutaneous intervention? | [
"Improved myocardial blush grade is associated with better MACE outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients but there are no data on myocardial blush grade (MBG) assessment in unstable angina (UA) patients treated with coronary intervention. We sought to evaluate the use of angiographic MBG assessment in a coh... | [
"Early statin treatment has beneficial effects on prognosis after acute coronary syndrome. The no-reflow phenomenon determines the prognosis after acute myocardial infarction. We investigated the effects of statin treatment before admission on the development of the no-reflow after infarction. We performed intracor... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does [ Local applied slow-releasing rapamycin inhibit neointima hyperplasia in vein graft ]? | [
"To investigate whether rapamycin (RPM) can reduce the neointima formation in the autologous vein graft, thus to provide support for its clinical application. Twenty-four male rabbits were made external jugular vein-to-common carotid artery models and then were divided into 4 equal groups at random: blank-control g... | [
"An elevated level of plasma homocysteine has long been suspected as a metabolic risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseases in diabetes. Berberine (BBR) has several preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases. The effects of BBR on atherosclerotic plaque stability increased by homocystei... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
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Does antenatal vitamin A decrease ventilation-induced lung injury in the lamb model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia? | [
"Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are susceptible to ventilation-induced lung injury. Vitamin A may protect the lung from injury during ventilation. The authors investigated the effects of antenatal vitamin A on ventilation-induced lung injury in CDH lambs using lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity... | [
"The expression of a potent collagenolytic enzyme, cathepsin K, was measured in repeated tracheal aspirate samples from premature infants with and without a chronic lung disorder, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). At 9--13 d, but not before, cathepsin K expression was significantly lower in the lungs of premature i... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
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Does atrial fibrillation predict appropriate shocks in primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients? | [
"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often present in patients with left ventricular dysfunction who receive an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether AF is associated with appropriate shocks and cardiovascular mortality in primary prevention ICD patients with lef... | [
"The effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on antitachycardia pacing still has to be determined. A total of 490 heart failure patients with an indication for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator participated in the VENTAK CHF/CONTAK CD study, a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. We compa... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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Is obesity a risk factor for transformed migraine but not chronic tension-type headache? | [
"To assess the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on the prevalence and severity of chronic daily headache (CDH) and its most frequent subtypes, transformed migraine (TM) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH). The authors gathered information on headache, medical features, height, and weight using a computer... | [
"The presence of cranial autonomic symptoms often leads to a misdiagnosis of \"sinus headache\" in adult migraineurs, leading to unnecessary treatments and delaying appropriate migraine therapy. In this study, we examined the frequency of cranial autonomic symptoms in pediatric/adolescent patients with migraine. Th... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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Is cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients common? | [
"Hemodialysis patients are at high risk for cognitive impairment due to their older age and high prevalence of stroke and cardiovascular risk factors. Using a cross-sectional design, the authors measured cognitive function in 374 hemodialysis patients aged 55 years and older and an age-matched comparison group in M... | [
"This article summarizes current findings supporting the role of erectile dysfunction as a proxy of general health status, with a focus on the young population. Erectile dysfunction has been historically associated to increased cardiovascular risk and mortality. Several studies supported the role of erectile dysfun... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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Does identification of root cause for emergency diagnostic imaging delays at three Canadian hospitals? | [
"Diagnostic imaging of patients in the emergency department offers numerous opportunities for delay. In an era of ED overcrowding, it is important to identify causes of delay in caring for patients to minimize patient length of stay in the emergency department. This study was intended to: (1) identify each of the s... | [
"Quality improvements achieved by applying the systems approach to assess the clinical effectiveness, operational efficiency, and financial feasibility of a pharmacist-managed vancomycin dosing service are described."
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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Is the Hlx homeobox transcription factor required early in enteric nervous system development? | [
"Development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) requires interactions between migrating neural crest cells and the nascent gastrointestinal tract that are dependent upon genes expressed by both cell compartments. Hlx, a homeobox transcription factor gene that is expressed in mouse intestinal and hepatic mesenchyme... | [
"The seven 14-3-3 protein isoforms bind to numerous proteins and are involved in a wide variety of cellular events, including the cell cycle, cell division, apoptosis and cancer. We previously found the importance of 14-3-3 proteins in neuronal migration of pyramidal neurons in the developing cortex. Here, we test ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
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Does oxidative stress increase Fas ligand expression in endothelial cells? | [
"Fas ligand (FasL) induces apoptosis in Fas-bearing target cells, such as leukocytes, and up-regulation of FasL expression on the endothelium may contribute to anti-inflammatory reactions that attenuate leukocyte extravasation during inflammation. Since oxidants generated during inflammation and cigarette smoking m... | [
"Thrombomodulin (TM) is an endothelial cell (EC) membrane-bound anticoagulant protein that has novel direct cellular effects. TM is shed from EC and becomes soluble form (sTM) in plasma. Higher sTM levels in healthy subjects are associated with lower cardiovascular risk, suggesting that sTM possesses a protective r... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
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Does angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype predict cardiac and autonomic responses to prolonged exercise? | [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after ultraendurance exercise. Subclinical LV dysfunction in response to endurance exercise up to 24 h duration has been described, but its mechanism remains elusive. We tested 86 athletes before and after the Adrenali... | [
"A sympatho-inhibitory effect of ACE-inhibitors and AT(1) receptor antagonists has been widely demonstrated in animal models, but in humans this effect tends only to be present during chronic treatment in conditions with pre-existing high levels of sympathetic activity. Sodium restriction increases renal sympatheti... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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Does systemic vaccination prevent the total destruction of mucosal CD4 T cells during acute SIV challenge? | [
"Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections are accompanied by a systemic loss of memory CD4 T cells, with mucosal sites serving as a major site for viral replication, dissemination and CD4 T cell depletion. Protecting the mucosal CD4 T cell compartment thus is critical ... | [
"Co-infection of HIV patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with enhanced AIDS progression and CMV end-organ diseases. On the other hand, persistent CMV infection has recently been shown to decrease tumor relapse and protect against lethal bacterial infection. The influence of persistent CMV on the outco... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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Is chronic kidney disease a risk factor for cardiovascular death in a community-based population in Japan : NIPPON DATA90? | [
"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The risk of cardiovascular death was evaluated in a large cohort of participants selected randomly from the overall Japanese population. Participants (mean age, 52.4 years) free of previous CVD were followed up for ... | [
"Dimethylarginines (DMA) interfere with nitric oxide formation by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase (asymmetrical DMA [ADMA]) and l-arginine uptake into the cell (ADMA and symmetrical DMA [SDMA]). In prospective clinical studies, ADMA has been characterized as a cardiovascular risk marker, whereas SDMA is a novel ma... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
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Does iron overload enhance epithelial cell proliferation in endometriotic lesions induced in a murine model? | [
"Iron deposits are characteristic of endometriotic lesions, and pelvic iron concentrations are higher in endometriosis patients than in women without endometriosis. In this study, the effect of iron overload and iron chelation on the development of endometriosis in a murine model was investigated. Human menstrual e... | [
"Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions are common complications after abdominal surgery. The exact molecular mechanisms that are responsible for these complications remain unclear, and there are no effective methods for preventing adhesion formation or reformation. The aim of the study reported here was to invest... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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} |
Is the third component of the complement ( C3 ) a marker of the risk of atherogenesis? | [
"The aim of this study was to assess the association between the third component of the complement (C3) and other risk factors of coronary heart disease. We evaluated 1200 individuals aged 25-74 years (600 men and 600 women). A strong relationship was shown between serum C3 and both body mass index (BMI, P<0.01) an... | [
"Essentials We investigated the molecular base of antithrombin deficiency in cases without SERPINC1 defects. 27% of cases presented hypoglycosylation, transient in 62% and not restricted to antithrombin. Variations in genes involved in N-glycosylation underline this phenotype. These results support a new form of th... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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Does previous aneuploidic offspring in a young woman increase the risk for somatic random aneuploidy in subsequent pregnancies? | [
"The cause of aneuploidy in fetuses of young women is not fully understood. As such women are considered to be at risk of repeating the \"error\", it is customary to recommend chromosomal evaluation (karyotyping) in subsequent pregnancies. Individuals predisposed to meiotic nondisjunction exhibit aneuploidy in thei... | [
"The high frequency of aneuploidy sperm raises concerns that there may be an increased incidence of aneuploid offspring in ICSI programmes. In order to assess the role that chromosome complement plays in normal and abnormal fertility, detailed molecular cytogenetic studies must be done on sperm samples from men wit... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
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Is optimal treatment of premature ovarian failure after treatment for Hodgkin 's lymphoma often withheld? | [
"The purpose of this study is to determine: 1. the effect of treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma on ovarian function, and 2. the interventions to relieve postmenopausal symptoms. Seventy-seven consecutive patients treated between 1989 and 2003 in the Rotterdam region for Hodgkin's lymphoma stages I and II were approac... | [
"Fertility sparing therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer has been suggested for well-selected patients with early stage disease. The overall recurrence rate of 10% and 5-year disease free survival greater than 90% is similar in conservative and traditional surgical management of epithelial ovarian cancer. Thus, con... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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} |
Does atypical GPI-anchored T-cadherin stimulate angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo? | [
"T-cadherin (T-cad) is an atypical GPI-anchored member of the cadherin superfamily. In vascular tissue, T-cad expression is increased during atherosclerosis, restenosis, and tumor neovascularization. In vitro, overexpression and/or homophilic ligation of T-cad on endothelial cells (ECs) facilitates migration, proli... | [
"Tumour angiogenesis is crucially dependent on the communication between the tumour and the associated endothelium. Protein kinase D (PKD) isoenzymes mediate vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration and are also highly expressed in various tumours. To examin... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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} |
Is cognitive dysfunction associated with poor diabetes control in older adults? | [
"To evaluate the association between cognitive dysfunction and other barriers and glycemic control in older adults with diabetes. Patients over the age of 70 years presenting to a geriatric diabetes clinic were evaluated for barriers to successful diabetes management. Patients were screened for cognitive dysfunctio... | [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is of increasing healthcare concern worldwide, with incidence rising, complications leading to significant morbidity and mortality, posing strain on public healthcare funding. Health-related quality of life of diabetic patients is increasingly being recognised as \"the ultimate goal of all... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
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Do decision-making and technical factors account for the learning curve in complex surgery? | [
"The general public, the legal profession, patients and relatives expect best practice and have difficulty with the concept of a learning curve in surgical interventions. However, it is improbable that technical and innovative skills can be developed, or optimized, without some aspects of learning by experience and... | [
"To what extent are outcome measures in endometriosis-related quality of life studies influenced by the setting in which patient recruitment is performed?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do beta3 integrin and Src facilitate transforming growth factor-beta mediated induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mammary epithelial cells? | [
"Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta suppresses breast cancer formation by preventing cell cycle progression in mammary epithelial cells (MECs). During the course of mammary tumorigenesis, genetic and epigenetic changes negate the cytostatic actions of TGF-beta, thus enabling TGF-beta to promote the acquisition a... | [
"To characterize the molecular changes that occur in normal fibroblasts, adhesion fibroblasts, and mesothelial cells as a result of exposure to modified hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm). University research laboratory. Human mesothelial and fibroblast cell culture. Multiplex reverse transcript... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
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} |
Does estrogenic microenvironment generated by organochlorine residues in adipose mammary tissue modulate biomarker expression in ERalpha-positive breast carcinomas? | [
"Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant disease in women. Exposure to estrogens throughout a woman's life is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Organochlorine compounds (OCCs), such as pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, are persistent lipophilic chemicals identified as endocrine disrup... | [
"The prognosis of breast cancer is strongly influenced by the developmental stage of the breast when the tumor is diagnosed. Pregnancy-associated breast cancers (PABCs), cancers diagnosed during pregnancy, lactation, or in the first postpartum year, are typically found at an advanced stage, are more aggressive and ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does covering the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( PEG ) tube prevent peristomal infection? | [
"Because oropharyngeal bacteria can be brought through the abdominal wall during percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), peristomal infection is one of the most frequent complications in patients who undergo the procedure. This study aimed to determine whether covering the PEG tube with a sheath that could be de... | [
"To investigate why patients do not choose percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy or percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy as a route for long-term feeding. Home enteral tube feeding is well recognised as a valuable therapeutic option for patients requiring nutritional support following discharge from hospital. The numb... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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} |
Is preoperative statin therapy associated with reduced cardiac mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? | [
"Statin therapy in ambulatory populations is associated with a significant reduction in adverse cardiovascular events, including death and myocardial infarction. Much less is known about the beneficial effects of statins on acute perioperative cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was to determine whethe... | [
"Atheroembolic complications associated with clamping a severely diseased ascending aorta during aortic valve replacement may result in unacceptable mortality and morbidity. Different management options include hypothermic circulatory arrest to replace the aortic valve, an aortic endarterectomy, or tube graft repla... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
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} |
Is plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and not 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D associated with parathyroid adenoma secretion in primary hyperparathyroidism : a cross-sectional study? | [
"Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with reduced plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (P-25OHD) and usually increased plasma 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (P-1,25(OH)2D). Parathyroid tissue expresses the vitamin D receptor and it is thought that circulating 1,25(OH)2D participate in the regulation of parathyroid... | [
"Arterial calcification is a common feature of atherosclerosis, occurring in >90% of angiographically significant lesions. Recent evidence from this and other studies suggests that development of atherosclerotic calcification is similar to osteogenesis; thus, we undertook the current investigation on the potential ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is thigh intermuscular fat inversely associated with spontaneous GH release in post-menopausal women with abdominal obesity? | [
"The metabolic syndrome is characterized by an increased accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and blunted GH secretion. There are, however, no data on the association between GH secretion and other fat depots (in liver and muscle). The aim of this cross-sectional study, which included 20 post-menopausal wo... | [
"What is the effect of glucose ingestion on leukocytic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with and without excess abdominal adiposity (AA)?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
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Are extrahepatic tissue concentrations of vitamin K lower in rats fed a high vitamin E diet? | [
"An adverse hematological interaction between vitamins E and K has been reported, primarily in patients on anticoagulants. However, little is known regarding circulating levels or tissue concentrations of vitamin K in response to vitamin E supplementation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of diff... | [
"The SELH/Bc mouse inbred strain, with a high frequency of nonsyndromic, genetically-multifactorial exencephaly, is a model for human cranial neural tube defects (NTDs). Maternal diet affects risk of human NTDs. Exencephaly frequencies in SELH/Bc embryos were compared in 8 studies in which dams were fed alternative... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does infection with a periodontal pathogen induce procoagulant effects in human aortic endothelial cells? | [
"Multiple studies have demonstrated a link between periodontal infections and vascular disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontal pathogen, has been shown to adhere to and invade endothelial cells. In order to dissect mechanisms underlying these observations, we assessed the role of P. gingivalis infect... | [
"Inflammatory processes play an important role in atherosclerosis, and increasing evidence implies that microbial pathogens and proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the development and activation of atherosclerotic lesions. To find new inflammatory genes, we explored the vascular transcriptional response to an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does glucagon-like peptide 2 stimulate intestinal nutrient absorption in parenterally fed newborn pigs? | [
"Parenteral nutrition is a critically important intervention for children with intestinal dysfunctions. However, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with no enteral feeding is associated with small intestine atrophy and malabsorption, which complicate the transition to enteral nutrition. The objective of the present s... | [
"Intestinal resection stimulates the synthesis and release of gastrointestinal peptides that regulate the growth and adaptation of the mucosa. Luminal nutrients are necessary for optimal proliferation and glutamine is the preferential nutrient to the small bowel. The interplay between glutamine and regulatory pepti... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Do early versus delayed enteral nutrition support for burn injuries? | [
"A burn injury increases the body's metabolic demands, and therefore nutritional requirements. Provision of an adequate supply of nutrients is believed to lower the incidence of metabolic abnormalities, thus reducing septic morbidity, improving survival rates, and decreasing hospital length of stay. Enteral nutriti... | [
"Few trials have studied the influence of illness severity on clinical outcomes of different tube-feeding routes. Whether gastric or postpyloric feeding route is more beneficial to patients receiving enteral nutrition remains controversial. To test whether illness severity influences the efficacy of enteral feeding... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase gene expressions significantly correlated in human colorectal cancer? | [
"The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a transcription factor that regulates adipogenic differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) are key enzymes involved in the metabolism of polyamines, compounds that pl... | [
"Oxidative stress plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver diseases. Despite the evidence of an increased proportion of females among elderly patients with HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it remains unknown whether HCV augments hepatic oxidative st... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is surgical and palliative management and outcome in 184 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma : palliative photodynamic therapy plus stenting comparable to r1/r2 resection? | [
"First, to analyze the strategy for 184 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma seen and treated at a single interdisciplinary hepatobiliary center during a 10-year period. Second, to compare long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgical or palliative treatment, and third to evaluate the role of photodynamic the... | [
"Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers. Unfortunately, it is often diagnosed at the advanced stage International Union Against Cancer stage IV. This induced us to carry out an interdisciplinary analysis of this patient group with the Department of Internal Medicine 1. Our aim was to discuss cancers class... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does leukocyte-derived inducible nitric oxide synthase mediate murine postoperative ileus? | [
"To provide evidence that iNOS expression solely in leukocytes plays a role in postoperative ileus. Intestinal handling initiates a molecular and cellular muscularis inflammation that has been associated with iNOS expression and ileus. The specific cellular source of iNOS is a matter of speculation. Chimeric mice w... | [
"The nervous system, through the vagus nerve, can down-regulate inflammation in vivo by decreasing the release of tumor necrosis factor- alpha by endotoxin-stimulated macrophages. This anti-inflammatory effect is mediated by an interaction between acetylcholine, the principal neurotransmitter of the vagus nerve, an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta42/phosphorylated tau ratio discriminate between Alzheimer 's disease and vascular dementia? | [
"The differentiation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from vascular dementia (VaD) is hampered by clinical diagnostic criteria with disappointing sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of total tau protein (t-tau), amyloid beta42 protein (Abet... | [
"Physical exercise may have some effect on cognition in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the underlying biochemical effects are unclear. Animal studies have shown that amyloid beta (Aβ), one of the pathological hallmarks of AD, can be altered with high levels of physical activity. The objective of thi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does ginkgolide B induce apoptosis and developmental injury in mouse embryonic stem cells and blastocysts? | [
"Ginkgolide B, the major active component of Ginkgo biloba extracts, can both stimulate and inhibit apoptotic signalling. We previously showed that ginkgolide treatment of mouse blastocysts induces apoptosis, decreases cell numbers, retards early post-implantation blastocyst development and increases early-stage bl... | [
"Circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput (CLOCK) plays a key role in maintaining circadian rhythms and activation of downstream elements. However, its function on human female reproductive system remains unknown. To investigate the potential role of CLOCK, CLOCK-shRNAs were transfected into mouse 129 ES cel... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is vitamin D-binding protein ( DBP ) gene polymorphism associated with Graves ' disease and the vitamin D status in a Polish population study? | [
"Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) genetic variants have an influence on vitamin D status and, therefore, they may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. In this case-control study, we investigated the association of DBP gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to Graves' disease (GD) in a Polish populat... | [
"This study aimed to compare thyroid functions, thyroid autoantibodies, and the existence of nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) according to vitamin D level. The study included age- and BMI-matched healthy volunteers with and without vitamin D deficiency. In addition, the nonthyroidal illness syndrome status was ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are mitogenic and apoptotic actions of epidermal growth factor on neuroblastoma cells concentration-dependent? | [
"In previous studies we have shown that epidermal growth factor (EGF) at concentrations between 50 and 100 ng/mL induced apoptosis in wild-type SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. We hypothesize that this apoptotic event separates EGF-induced neuroblastoma cell growth into a biphasic concentration-dependent process, due t... | [
"Inflammation is commonly associated with lung tumors. Since inflammatory mediators, including members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, suppress proliferation of normal epithelial cells, we hypothesized that epithelial cells must develop mechanisms to evade this inhibition during the tumorigenesis. This... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does estrogen treatment enhance nitric oxide bioavailability in normotensive but not hypertensive rats? | [
"The effects of estrogen on endothelial function remain controversial. Endothelial function is perturbed in hypertension. We aimed to determine whether pre-existing hypertension can modify endothelial-dependent responses to estrogen. We compared the effects of estrogen replacement on endothelial function in healthy... | [
"Considering that recent studies have demonstrated endothelial dysfunction in subjects with periodontitis and that there is no information about vascular function in coexistence of periodontitis and atherosclerosis, we assessed the impact of oral inoculation with the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis on... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are in-stent restenosis and remote coronary lesion progression coupled in cardiac transplant vasculopathy but not in native coronary artery disease? | [
"The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical, angiographic, and histological features of concomitant in-stent restenosis (ISR) and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) progression. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is a major challenge to long-term success of heart transplantation. Coronary stenting for CAV... | [
"Grafted, non-occluded coronary arteries might contribute substantially to the myocardial blood supply and serve as a basis for vascular collateralization which preserves the myocardium in the event of graft occlusion. Early studies indicated that grafting with saphenous vein, but not internal mammary arteries, acc... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is atMND1 required for homologous pairing during meiosis in Arabidopsis? | [
"Pairing of homologous chromosomes at meiosis is an important requirement for recombination and balanced chromosome segregation among the products of meiotic division. Recombination is initiated by double strand breaks (DSBs) made by Spo11 followed by interaction of DSB sites with a homologous chromosome. This inte... | [
"Proper coordination of the functions at the DNA replication fork is vital to the normal functioning of a cell. Specifically the precise coordination of helicase and polymerase activity is crucial for efficient passage though S phase. The Ctf4 protein has been shown to be a central member of the replication fork an... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is aerobic exercise necessary to improve glucose utilization with moderate weight loss in women? | [
"To determine the effects of weight loss (WL) alone and combined with aerobic exercise on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intramuscular fat, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and the rate of decline in free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations during hyperinsulinemia. We studied 33 sedentary, obese (BMI = 32 +/- 1 kg/m(... | [
"Increased arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Arterial stiffness is higher in obese individuals than in nonobese individuals. Lifestyle modifications (i.e. exercise and dietary modification) decrease arterial stiffness in obese individuals. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Are acetylcholine receptor antibodies in myasthenia gravis associated with greater risk of diabetes and thyroid disease? | [
"Myasthenia gravis (MG) may be associated with the presence of acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChRAb) [seropositive MG (SPMG)] or their absence [seronegative MG (SNMG)]. Along with features of MG, the presence of the AChRAb may relate to the existence of other immune-mediated diseases. We sought to determine th... | [
"Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a relatively rare but often overlooked autoimmune neurological disorder that targets antigens within the brain's inhibitory pathways resulting in incapacitating stiffness and spasms that impact on the patients' quality of life. Although a number of immunomodulating therapies signific... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does close approximation of two platelet factor 4 tetramers by charge neutralization form the antigens recognized by HIT antibodies? | [
"Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic drug reaction caused by antibodies that recognize positively charged platelet factor 4 (PF4), bound to the polyanion, heparin. The resulting immune complexes activate platelets. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) causes HIT more frequently than low-molecular-weig... | [
"In a recent report [Haynes et al. Science 2005; 308:1906-1908], difficulties in eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV were linked to the binding of prototypic broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to autoantigens and in particular, to the binding of two antigp41 antibodies, 2F5 and 4E10, to the aut... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Does e-cadherin expression pattern in primary colorectal carcinomas and their metastases reflect disease outcome? | [
"To investigate the changes that occur in E-cadherin expression during the process of metastasis in colorectal cancer. E-cadherin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and two indices of expression were calculated which reflected the level of expression and the locations (membrane and cytoplasm). Univaria... | [
"Mast cells (MC) reside in the mucosa of the digestive tract as the first line against bacteria and toxins. Clinical evidence has implied that the infiltration of mast cells in colorectal cancers is related to malignant phenotypes and a poor prognosis. This study compared the role of mast cells in adjacent normal c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is mechanism of T cell hyporesponsiveness to HBcAg associated with regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis B? | [
"To study the mechanisms of hyporesponsiveness of HBV-specific CD4+ T cells by testing TH1 and TH2 commitment and regulatory T cells. Nine patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with HBcAg or HBsAg to evaluate their potential to commit to TH1 and TH2 diff... | [
"Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in promoting innate and adaptive immunity in microbial infection. Functional impairment of DCs may mediate the suppression of viral-specific T-cell immune response in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in several liver diseases and infectious... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Are falls of the elderly associated with burden of caregivers in the community? | [
"Little attention has been paid to the impact on caregivers who provide care to a family member who has falls. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether falls of care recipients are associated with caregivers' burden. A cross-sectional study of 1874 community-dwelling care recipients and 1478 caregi... | [
"To determine the emotional and social distress of caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease and to explore the impact of motor and mental symptoms in subjects with Parkinson's disease on their caregivers' situation. Cross-sectional, population-based study using self-report questionnaires to measure caregiver d... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is the routine use of oxytocin after oral misoprostol for labour induction in women with an unfavourable cervix of benefit? | [
"Induction of labour with misoprostol is often augmented with oxytocin with the possible consequence of uterine hypercontractility. It is important to determine whether the use of oxytocin in this circumstance has benefit as well as risk. To compare two regimens for labour induction in women with an unfavourable ce... | [
"The application of local prostaglandins before induction of labor in women with an unripe cervix is standard procedure in Sweden. Side effects include uterine hypertonus and occasionally fetal heart rate abnormalities. Failed ripening is reported in up to 25% of cases. A previous report of ripening of the cervix b... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does doppler echocardiography markedly underestimate left ventricular stroke work loss in severe aortic valve stenosis? | [
"Left ventricular (LV) stroke work loss (SWL) is an index of aortic stenosis (AS) severity based on the energy loss concept. Traditionally known as an invasive measurement, SWL has also been determined noninvasively using Doppler echocardiography. The present work was done to compare the echocardiographic estimate ... | [
"Dilatation of the ascending aorta in aortic stenosis may be partly explained by intrinsic wall structure changes, but the relative contribution of altered hemodynamics is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the association between ascending aortic dimensions and valve stenosis severity. An analysis of ech... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does downstaging of T or N predict long-term survival after preoperative chemotherapy and radical resection for esophageal carcinoma? | [
"The purposes of this study were to determine the frequency of downstaging of T or N after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical resection in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus, and to evaluate the effect of tumor downstaging on survival. A cohort of patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by ... | [
"This article reviews the recent seminal studies in esophagogastric cancer. Regular low aspirin use may reduce the risk of esophagogastric cancer. Laparoscopic resection of locally advanced gastric cancer appears equivalent to open resection. There is no survival benefit for the addition of postoperative radiation ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does systemic anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody administration safely enhance immunity in murine glioma without eliminating regulatory T cells? | [
"Elevated proportions of regulatory T cells (T(reg)) are present in patients with a variety of cancers, including malignant glioma, yet recapitulative murine models are wanting. We therefore examined T(regs) in mice bearing malignant glioma and evaluated anti-CD25 as an immunotherapeutic adjunct. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+GIT... | [
"Androgen ablation (AA) causes apoptosis of normal and neoplastic prostate cells. It is a standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Androgen ablation-mediated immunological effects include bone marrow hyperplasia, thymic regeneration, T and B cell lymphopoeisis and restoration of age-related peripheral T cel... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Is mUC4 a novel prognostic factor of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma? | [
"Many of the patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EHBDC) show a poor outcome. We have reported that MUC4 is a novel prognostic factor of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of MUC4 expression in EHBDC. We examined... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Is combined ultrasound and isotope scanning more informative in the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism than single scanning? | [
"Thyroid imaging is helpful in confirming the diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism and in establishing the aetiology. Although isotope scanning is the standard method of imaging, ultrasound assessment may be complementary. To determine the strengths and weaknesses of thyroid ultrasound and isotope scanning in neo... | [
"Is there a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of testicular inflammatory lesions?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is timing of adequate antibiotic therapy a greater determinant of outcome than are TNF and IL-10 polymorphisms in patients with sepsis? | [
"Genetic variations may influence clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact on mortality of three polymorphisms after adjusting for confounding variables, and to assess the factors involved in progression of the inflammatory response in septic patients. The in... | [
"To test for the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the innate immunity receptors cluster of differentiation (CD)-14, mannose-binding lectin, and Toll-like receptor-2 with clinical phenotype in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Genetic association study. Tertiary c... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does co-evolution of transcription factors and their targets depend on mode of regulation? | [
"Differences in the transcription regulation network are at the root of much of the phenotypic variation observed among organisms. These differences may be achieved either by changing the repertoire of regulators and/or their targets, or by rewiring the network. Following these changes and studying their logic is c... | [
"Early embryos contain mRNA transcripts expressed from two distinct origins; those expressed from the mother's genome and deposited in the oocyte (maternal) and those expressed from the embryo's genome after fertilization (zygotic). The transition from maternal to zygotic control occurs at different times in differ... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do vEGF and angiopoietin-1 stimulate different angiogenic phenotypes that combine to enhance functional neovascularization in adult tissue? | [
"Therapeutic angiogenesis requires an understanding of how growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) result in physiological neovascularization. This study determined the physiological mechanism by which adenoviral delivery of growth factor combinations alter vascul... | [
"Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) signaling is a control point that determines the extent of vascular tree formation. Recent studies demonstrated an important role played by VEGFR2 endothelial trafficking in control of its activity and suggested the involvement of a phosphotyrosi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is maintenance of heterogeneity of capillary spacing essential for adequate oxygenation in the soleus muscle of the growing rat? | [
"Normal muscle growth is accompanied by capillary proliferation, which usually lags behind the increase in muscle size, causing a decline in mean capillary density (CD). It is not known, however, how the capillary distribution is affected and what impact it has on the oxygenation of the muscle. The capillarization ... | [
"Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SC) are instrumental in maintenance of muscle fibres, the adaptive responses to exercise, and there is an age-related decline in SC. A spatial relationship exists between SC and muscle fibre capillaries. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether chronologic age has an i... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant documents:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical document for retrieval:"
} |
Do glucocorticoids inhibit the cerebral microvascular dysfunction associated with sepsis in obese mice? | [
"Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. It is unclear whether this increase is due to exaggerated inflammatory response alone or due to lack of response to therapeutic agents used. The objective of this study was to determine whether low-dose steroid therapy, which ... | [
"Systemic inflammation has emerged as a key pathophysiological process that induces multiorgan injury and causes serious human diseases. Endothelium is critical in maintaining cellular and inflammatory homeostasis, controlling systemic inflammation, and progression of inflammatory diseases. We postulated that endot... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does vEGF trap abolish shear stress- and overload-dependent angiogenesis in skeletal muscle? | [
"To determine which elements of the angiogenic process are controlled by VEGF under physiological conditions. VEGF Trap was administered at 10 mg x kg(-1) by subcutaneous injection twice weekly to mice, which were subject to one of two established angiogenic stimuli: (1) increasing blood flow by administration of p... | [
"Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) signaling is a control point that determines the extent of vascular tree formation. Recent studies demonstrated an important role played by VEGFR2 endothelial trafficking in control of its activity and suggested the involvement of a phosphotyrosi... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
Does short-term adalimumab therapy improve endo-thelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to infliximab? | [
"Endothelial dysfunction has been found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we aimed to assess whether adalimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against TNF-alpha, was able to improve endothelial function in RA patients with long-standing disease refractory to infliximab. Eight RA... | [
"The treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases has been revolutionized by the introduction of biological therapy with TNF-alpha blockers. However, TNF-alpha blockers are also associated with a wide variety of dermatological side effects, such as local skin infections, psoriasis and eczema. A new biolog... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Does alpha-tocopherol supplementation reduce the elevated 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine blood levels induced by training in basketball players? | [
"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Te) supplementation on DNA oxidative damage induced by heavy training in basketball players. Blood was obtained from 10 players before (group A) and after training (group B) and after 1 month on alpha-Te (200 mg/day, orally) supp... | [
"The purpose of this study was to assess the oxidative stress of aircraft pilots by evaluating different markers of oxidative stress and any imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in plasma. A group of 13 supersonic aircraft pilots, following regular exercise and personalized diet, were compared with a gr... | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical question for retrieving relevant passages:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical passage for retrieval:"
} |
Is poor prognosis indicated by nucleated red blood cells in peripheral blood associated with organ failure of the liver or kidney? | [
"The appearance of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in peripheral blood is associated with a variety of severe diseases. When NRBCs are detected in blood, this is generally associated with increased mortality. In a prospective study, NRBCs and other laboratory parameters were measured daily in the peripheral blood... | [
"Do platelets play any role in the development of endometriosis?"
] | pubmedqa | {
"query": "Represent the Biomedical query for retrieving relevant paragraphs:",
"pos": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:",
"neg": "Represent the Biomedical paragraph for retrieval:"
} |
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