dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22372 | If an ice cube that weighs 2 ounces melts, in liquid form, it will | [
"fly away",
"be 11 ounces",
"8 ounces",
"weigh the same"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11834 | Far from the land of Antarctica , a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod. For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer. Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point. The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88degC and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05degC. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture. The scientists' next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen in the blood of a fish. When _ was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point. Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a _ . So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP. What is the text mainly about? | [
"The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.",
"A special fish living in freezing waters.",
"The ice shelf around Antarctica.",
"Protection of the Antarctic cod."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22455 | What is a vehicle for the flow of electricity? | [
"a metal sword",
"a wooden chair",
"a plastic ring",
"a dry towel"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18412 | When using more than the recommended amounts of pesticide on farmland, yards, and gardens, what is most likely to occur? | [
"Higher levels of pesticide may be less effective.",
"The pesticides may break down quickly.",
"Water supplies can be contaminated by pesticide runoff.",
"The pesticide will increase the plant production."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10014 | NASA on Thursday announced the discovery of Kepler-452b, the most Earth-like planet ever found.Located 1,400 light-years from our planet, NASA called it "Earth 2.0", because it's the first planetdiscovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun."We can think of Kepler-452b as an older, bigger cousin to Earth, providing an opportunity to understand and reflect upon Earth's evolving environment," said Jon Jenkins, the Kepler data analysis lead at NASA's Ames Research Center. The planet is 5 percent farther away from its star than Earth is to the sun, making for a slightly longer year of 385 days, but gets similar light because its sun is 20 percent brighter than our own. "The sunshine from this star would feel very similar to the sunshine from our star," Jenkins told reporters. NASA believes the planet has a mass about five times more massive than Earth's, with a rocky surface below a thicker atmosphere than our own. Gravity would be about twice as strong on Kepler-452b as it is on Earth, NASA said. The planet is located in the Kepler-452 system in the constellation Cygnus . Its sun has the same surface temperature as our own, but has a diameter that is 10 percent larger. While NASA scientists have no idea if Kepler-452b's atmosphere is conducive to life, they do know that there has been plenty of time for organisms to develop. "It's awe-inspiring to consider this planet spent 6 billion years in the habitable zone of its star, which is longer the age of the Earth," Jenkins said. "That is considerable time and opportunity for life to arise somewhere on its surface or oceans if all the necessary conditions for life exist on this planet." According to the passage, we know that _ . | [
"Kepler-452b is located in the constellation Cygnus",
"Kepler-452b's atmosphere is conducive to life",
"gravity would be about twice as strong on Earth as it is on Kepler-452b",
"the sunshine from Kepler-452b would feel very different from the sunshine from earth"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16845 | Computers can help many workers. They can also help thieves. There was one thief who worked in a bank of the United States. He paid for everything he needed by check . Then he told the computer not to take any money from his account for the checks he wrote. The bank's computer did what he said. And it did not take any money from his bank account. One day the computer broke down. People had to do the computer's work. They soon found out what was happening. Another thief, who worked for a bank saw people filling in deposit forms . Many of these people did not know their account numbers, so they wrote only their names on the forms. They left empty places for their account numbers. The thief wrote his own account number in this place. When the computer read these forms it looked only at the account numbers. It did not look at the customers' names. It paid the money on these deposit forms into the thief's account . Then there was the bank worker who told the bank computer to take ten cents off every customer's account each month and put it into his own account. For a long time the bank's customers did not notice that they were losing ten cents every month. But then someone did notice and told the bank. That was the end of that little game! How did the first thief steal money from the bank? | [
"He broke the computer down and stole money from it.",
"He paid for everything by check instead of cash.",
"He took money away from the bank.",
"He told the computer not to take away money from his account."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16758 | There is an old English saying.It tells us that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning.Then we shall be healthy.We shall also be rich and clever.This is true.The body must have enough sleep to be healthy.Children of young age should have ten hours' sleep every night.Children who do not have enough sleep cannot do their work well and they may not be healthy.The body also needs exercise.Walking, running, jumping and playing games are all exercise.Exercise keeps the body strong.Exercise also helps the blood to move around inside the body.It is very important.Our blood moves to all parts of our body.The head also needs blood.Exercise helps us to think better. Does exercise help us to think better? | [
"Yes, it does.",
"No, it doesn't.",
"No, it does.",
"Yes, it deosn't."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6085 | September 21, 2050----At a press conference today it was announced that the first tourist heading for Mars will be the 38-year-old US businessman Patrick Clifford. He will leave the earth in the launching window of June 2052 and set his foot on the surface of Mars in November, together with the other 6 astronauts assigned for the mission to further explore the planet. Patrick has now two years of training ahead of him to get ready for the trip. Not only will he spend five months in getting to Mars, but another 600 days there before he can go back home. Patrick was of course very excited, " This has been my dream since I was four, and seeing the first man on Mars 20 years ago made me realize that it was possible." To be able to pay the $ 1. 3 billion for his ticket for the trip Patrick sold his majority stake in the company his father had built. "I know that my father would have been proud of me if he had still been alive today, he knew what this means to me", says Patrick. _ but it is said that he was paid twice as much for his part of the company. So, how is he going to spend his 600 days on the red planet? "Well, since I don't have a job when I get back after selling the company, I have plenty of time to come up with a new business idea", he says and laughs. If he brings a shovel he can start building the first hotel there, but maybe he shouldn't expect too many guests until someone can offer a cheaper ticket. How long will Patrick Clifford be away before he comes back? | [
"About five months",
"About two years",
"About 600 days",
"About 750 days"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9019 | Long before the scientific world became concerned about the impacts of introducing nonnative species,a total of l00 starlings were released in New York City's Central Park.Eugene Schieffelin was a Shakespeare lover who wanted to bring to America as manv birds as possible mentioned by the Bard in his poems.He imported 60 starlings and released them on a March day in Central Park.A year later,he introduced an additional 40 birds. Within 50 years,they had spread to every state,and today they number an estimated 200 million.In San Diego County,the starling seems at home in both urban and agricultural environments,frequently feeding on the ground,where it probes lawns and fields for insects,worms and snails. Nesting begins in March and peaks in May when the young birds join large flocks in places like Lake Henshaw,dairy farms or Ramona Grasslands.They frequently take over the nest of other birds,and they don't seem particular,having been observed nesting in many kinds of trees. In addition to competing with native species for food and nesting locations,there have been estimates that starlings cause at least MYM800 million in crop damage annually.Much of the damage they cause is the result of their concentrations.Massive flocks of birds are, though beautiful,can be destructive,even dangerous to aircraft,with more than 800 incidents reported by the Federal Aviation Administration. Despite their bad press,the starling is popular with bird--watchers and also the Shakespeare lovers,who often refer to the starling probably because the bird is quite an imitator.It can imitate the calls of up to 20 other species,including hawks,robins and flickers. Love him or hate him,Schieffelin's release of 100 European starlings had a lasting impact in the United States.He had no idea that he also proved the famous words of Shakespeare."What's done cannot be undone.'' What made Eugene Schieffelin introduce starlings into New York City? | [
"The descriptions in Shakespeare's poems.",
"The intention to protect local environment.",
"The scientists'concern about the worsening environment.",
"The park visitors'curiosity about a new bird species."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8306 | Millions of young people are writing blogs . Millions of others are reading them. The word "blog" is a short way of saying Web log. Many popular Web sites now offer free, easy ways to create personal Web pages and fill them with writings and pictures. Web sites called "Face book" and "My Space" are some of the most popular blog sites for young people. Blogs offer young people a place to show their writings and feelings. They can also be helpful to connect young people with others. But blogs can become dangerous when they are read on the Internet by millions of people all over the world. Recent studies show that young people often tell their names, age and where they live on the Internet. That may not be safe for them. This personal information puts them in danger when found out by dangerous people who want to hurt them. Students can also get into trouble when they put information about others on their blogs. As a result, many schools don't allow using blogging web sites on school computers. Many schools have also begun teaching parents about the web sites. Parents should know what their children are doing online and should read their blogs to make sure they are not giving out personal information. One way to keep away from these problems is to use programs so that blogs can be read by "friends only." people can read the website only if they know a secret word chosen by the blogger. Blogs may be dangerous because _ . | [
"they get in the way of studies",
"they are not allowed for school students",
"surfing the Internet is bad for eyes",
"personal information can be found in blogs easily"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2505 | Solar water heaters can use energy from the sun to heat water. They are used around the world. The solar water heater is based on a design developed some years ago in Afghanistan. Since then, it has been built and used in many countries. It can heat seventy liters of water to 60degC. It can do this between sunrise and noon on a clear day with an average temperature of 32degC. There are two parts of the solar water heater. One part, the collector, is made of a metal plate painted black. This metal surface, placed in contact with the water, will heat the water. Black-painted surfaces that receive the sun's heat become hotter than those of any other color1. Metal plates that have raised parts on the surface work better than those without them. Once the water is heated, it is kept hot with special material, which allows the water to stay warm for a long time. The second part of the solar water heater holds the water for the system. This water tank can hold about one hundred liters of water. Two rubber pipes are connected to the water tank. One pipe lets water go into the system. The other lets water go out. When the water heater is working correctly, water will flow from the tank to the collector and back again. You can use the hot water at the top of the tank for washing and cleaning. This solar water heater is easy to build and operate. It will last about two years before the rubber pipes need to be replaced. The color1 of the collector is black because _ . | [
"it is the cheapest color1 paint",
"it can be found easily in daily life",
"it can take in more energy than other color1s",
"it is good for protecting the metal surface"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14830 | This is a teacher's family. The father's name is Lake Smith. He's forty - four. The mother's name is Kate Green. She's forty - two. The Smiths have a son, Jim, and a daughter, Ann. Jim is fourteen, and Ann is twelve. The son looks like his father, and the daughter looks like her mother. They are all in No.4 Middle School. But the Smiths are teachers; the son and daughter are students. Are Jim and Ann in the same school? ---- _ . | [
"They are not at school",
"They are in different schools",
"Yes, they are",
"No, they aren't"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2705 | You may have never heard of Lanthanum, Cerium or Neodymium, but these elements and others known as "rare earth" play a major role in modern technology. They can actually be found in many places on the earth, but not in quantities that can be mined. Only a few countries -- China, America, India, Australia, Brazil and Malaysia have any that can be mined enough to be traded. Even though some of these elements such as Cerium are as abundant as Copper, they are not found in concentrated amounts on the earth's surface. They are often mixed together with other metals, which makes extraction of these elements an expensive and an environmentally messy process. It was due to this reason that the term "rare earth" was invented. Rare earth metals are used widely in our life. Rechargeable car batteries, computers, iPhones, DVD players, computer monitors, televisions, lighting, lasers, glass polishing, and superconductors all use quantities of rare earth metals. Also, with the advancement in "green" technology like solar panels, these shiny materials are becoming more important than ever. An average electric car uses 10 pounds of Lanthanum for its rechargeable battery! America has large deposits of rare earths and has one of the first mines. It was opened in Southern California in 1940. The element "Europium" was the first metal to be separated in quantity for use in color televisions. However, in the 1980's and 1990's, as China started producing these elements in Inner Mongolia, the mines in America and elsewhere could not keep pace. The mine in Mountain Pass, California also failed environmental regulations and shut down in 2002. Now, recognizing the importance of having more than one supplier of this important resource, other rare earth owning countries like India and Australia are either dusting off their rare earth mines or speeding up their production. It is believed that the debate over rare earths will become louder in the coming months and years. What can we learn about rare earths? | [
"They are actually as abundant as Copper.",
"They can be mined easily as other metals.",
"They can only be found in a few countries.",
"They are not really as rare as they are named."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21299 | A thing that is near a running wood stove will discover when touching the stove | [
"that it is cool",
"that it is safe",
"that it is chilly",
"that it will sear"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2041 | A girl signals her friend by shining a flashlight on a mirror. Her friend can see the signal because | [
"heat energy can be transferred from one object to another",
"mechanical energy can be transferred from one object to another",
"sound energy can be reflected from one object to another",
"light energy can be reflected from one object to another"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4364 | Traveling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffics develops fast, so traveling to different places has become much easier than before. Staying healthy:while traveling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful for you. Before leaving: * Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses. * Take some necessary medicine with you. They can be used when you get sick or have other problems. * If you do lots of sports like walking or climbing on your trip, you should do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave. While traveling: * Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. * Have enough time to take a rest during your trip. * Tap water is not safe, so drink bottled water and always clean the cover on the bottle. If you do lots of sports while traveling, you should _ before you leave. | [
"do some exercise for weeks or months",
"learn more about sports",
"watch many sports games",
"buy a car"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9586 | Dr. Glenn Tisman, a cancer specialist, knew his young neighbor, Ray Bateman, had an unusual mind. But he had no idea at the time that 12 - year - old Ray had the ability to become his partner in cancer research. Ray's parents remembered that at age four, Ray surprised them by fixing a broken vacuum cleaner . When he was ten, he speedily constructed the family color television from a kit. Later, he succeeded in assembling a complex stereo system after two experts had failed to do the job. When Ray was ten, he convinced his parents to buy him a computer. In a short time, Ray was able to do amazing things with the computer. Ray shared his enthusiasm for computers with Dr. Tisman, who used a computer for his research. The two discussed computers and medicine frequently. Amazingly, Ray understood the biology and chemistry related to Dr. Tisman's medical research without any previous instruction. Ray then worked with Dr. Tisman after school. He helped conduct research with the equipment and kept it in working order. The purpose of the research was to test the effectiveness of mixing an old cancer drug with certain vitamins. Ray analyzed patient test results by computer, while Dr. Tisman handled all patient contact. Together, they came up with solid research that helped advance cancer treatment. In 1988, 14 - year - old Ray went with Dr. Tisman to a meeting of the American Federation for Clinical Research(AFCR), where Ray presented their initial research findings. Using terminology beyond the grasp of most kids his age, Ray told the scientists how the new drug mixture caused fewer and milder side effects for cancer patients. A year later, Ray returned to the meeting to update the findings of his and Dr. Tisman's research. By then, he had become well - known for his devotion to finding cures for sick patients. Stories about him appeared in hundred of newspapers around the world. He appeared on television newscasts and talk shows. Ray continued to spend most free hours working with Dr. Tisman. The two began studying the effects of vitamins on babies inside the womb . However, Ray's main interest remained cancer treatment, and he continues his research today. According to the passage, Ray _ . | [
"is a boy of many gifts",
"is very helpful to his parents",
"learned fast under Dr. Tisman's instruction",
"stopped working with Dr. Tisman after his success"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16877 | From age eight to eleven, I studied at a small school in Bath, England. It was a small school of four classes, with about twenty-five children in each class according to age. For the most part, one teacher had to teach all subjects. However, sometimes the headteacher , Mr. Ronald Broaches would come in and spend an hour or so. He was a large man with a very happy nature. He had a sense of humor and would be glad in telling the children small stories which make us laugh. I found that he took great interest in me and he quickly found that I enjoyed puzzles. He would stop me as I was going to class and take a piece of paper out of his pocket, often with a puzzle on it. As time went on, they slowly gave me an interest in math and problem -solving that stays with me to this day. To this day, I can remember Mr. Broaches' cheerful cry of "Well done!" whenever I got a problem right. I shall always be thankful that our paths crossed. Mr. Bruoaches died just two weeks after I won the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. Unfortunately, I had no chance to speak to him before he died. I learnt late that he had heard of my success and I will always hope that he knew the deep influence he had made on my life. The writer spent _ study at the school in Bath, England. | [
"three years",
"six years",
"one year",
"two years"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8044 | Bluebirds looking secretly from nest boxes. Tadpoles swimming in a pond. Tiger swallowtails flying quickly around a butterfly bush. And over here, a class of students watching it all. A field trip to a nature center? No, it's a schoolyard. With some work on your part, it could even be your schoolyard. Interested in building a schoolyard habitat? Here's how to get started. Gather a Team Students can do a lot on their own, but you'll need adults for a project this big. Get teachers, parents, and even the headmaster interested. Don't forget the maintenance staff--they know more about your school's yard than anyone else and can give you lots of help. Also, ask around your neighborhood for gardeners, naturalists, and others willing to give advice. Map Your Site Which part of the schoolyard can you turn into a habitat? Is there an unused corner of the playground? Part of a lawn or field you could let go wild? You'll need to make a map of the area showing what's there now. Then you can figure out how you want to change it. For that, you need a plan. Plan a Habitat Here's what you'll need to make your area attractive to wildlife. Food: Plant flowers, bushes, and trees. These provide seeds, berries, leaves, flowers, and sweet liquids. And all of these feed birds, and insects. You can also add some feeders for squirrels and birds. Where possible, stick with native plants--wild plants that grow naturally in your area. They need less care, which means less work for you. Water: A small pond, birdbath, or even a shallow dish of clean water in the ground will attract birds. Other small animals like insects may visit as well. Shelter: Bushes and trees make great escapes for birds. Tall grass and "weeds" are home to grasshoppers, garter snakes, and some ground-nesting birds. You can also add stone piles and brush piles. Places to Raise Young: Butterflies need special plants to lay their eggs on. Frogs and toads lay eggs only in shallow water. Many birds use birdhouses; others nest in trees and bushes. In fact, nearly all your shelters may become homes for wild young. Put It on Paper Using the map you made of your area, draw in the changes you want to make. Mark where the plants, nest boxes, and other items will go. Remember, this is a long-term plan--you don't have to do everything this spring. Maybe you could put up a few birdhouses and plant some butterfly bushes now and save the trees and bushes for next year. Even a small start is a big step for wildlife. Reach for Resources To make the habitat happen, you'll need lots of plants, seeds, and other supplies. You'll also need to buy or borrow tools and maybe even some heavy equipment. Now's the time to reach out for donations. Start by asking your parent-teacher organization. Then go to garden clubs, garden stores (they might give you a discount), local government agencies, and businesses. If they can't donate supplies or money, ask if they can donate workers! The workers can help build the habitat. You'll also need people to help maintain it. Some schools ask their students' families to take turns during the summer. Each family maintains the habitat for a couple of weeks. Build Your Design Now you can dig in. Set a date, and get growing! The section "Plan a Habitat" is mostly about _ . | [
"finding a place to use for the habitat",
"how to raise money for the habitat",
"finding people to work on the habitat",
"how to attract wildlife to the habitat"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20991 | To keep a pet salamander healthy what would come in handy? | [
"live house flies",
"a dog",
"plant fertilizer",
"snakes"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3601 | A beer bottle thrown from the stands landed near Usain Bolt in the moments before the 100-meter final Sunday night in London. As Bolt and seven other competitors ducked into their starting crouches, a bottle sailed from the first row of the stands at Olympic Stadium. It harmlessly bounced in the lane belonging to Yohan Blake and didn't appear to cause a distraction to the runners, who started a moment later. The thrower's lack of distance was a blessing. Had he gathered tips from the competitors of the hammer throw competition, which was taking place in the infield at the same time as the 100 final, the bottle could have hit one of the competitors. It ended up landing a few feet from Blake (lane5). Edith Bosch, a female Dutch judoka who won a bronze medal earlier during the Olympics, claimed that the man who threw the bottle was sitting near her and that she "beat" him. Whether that's true or the hyperbole of an aggravated athlete was unclear in the minutes after the incident. Pictures show a group of Dutch athletes sitting behind the starting area. Police took the man into custody . He will appear in court on Monday morning. Neither Bolt nor Blake said they knew of the incident until they were informed by reporters. "I don't know who would have done that," Bolt said. Gatlin was aware of it but implied it was only a slight distraction. "I didn't know what it was," he said, according to the BBC, "but when you're in those blocks, the whole stadium is so quiet that you can hear a pin drop." How many exact athletes are mentioned in the text? | [
"Two",
"Four",
"Seven",
"Eleven"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19369 | Rocket engines can lift rockets because | [
"of how much fuel they use",
"of how fast they are",
"of the power the hit the ground with",
"of how tall they are"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5477 | Do you know why different animals or pests have their special color1s? Their color1s in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves. Some birds like eating locusts , but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their color1s together with the change of the color1s of crops . When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color1 as crops have. Some other pests with different color1s from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night. If you study the animal life, you'll find the main use of color1ing is to protect the animals themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters . This is because they have the color1s much like the trees'. Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over , its enemies cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all. From the passage we can learn that locusts _ . | [
"are small animals",
"are easily found by birds",
"are dangerous to their enemies",
"change their color1s to protect themselves"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19199 | At any given time on earth, some countries can be in bed and other are in the middle of the day enjoying the outdoors, why? | [
"ocean tides",
"animals",
"planet rotation",
"rotation of sun"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13618 | This sad story happened on a cold winter evening. It was so cold and snow was falling so heavily that the roads were covered with ice and a strong wind was blowing. Being outside in such weather was very unwise. However, Peter Lee had to walk home from work. Peter walked with difficulty along a country road, the cold wind beating against his chest. He thought, "If I wear my coat backwards, maybe, it will be a little bit warmer for me." He stopped walking, took off his coat, and put it on backwards. "That's much better," he said to himself happily. Walking on through the thickly falling snow, he was thinking about drinking a cup of warm coffee by the burning fireplace. A few minutes later, a car knocked down Peter. The driver hadn't seen him soon enough. When he tried his best to put on the brakes , the car skidded on the icy road. The frightened driver got out of the car and ran to see how the poor man was. After a while, a police car arrived. A policeman went up to see Mr Lee who was lying on the ground. He told the driver, "I'm afraid he's dead." The driver was so surprised. "This can't be the case, because I hardly touched him. Check my car carefully. There's not a mark on it." The policeman said, "I'm sure he's dead." "It's impossible," the driver said anxiously. "As soon as I hit him, I ran to help him. He was lying on the road, but he was breathing and there was no blood." "Did you touch him?" the policeman asked. "Yes, but only to turn his head around the right way," the driver answered. What did the driver do to make Peter Lee die? | [
"He touched him carefully.",
"He turned his head around the right way.",
"He helped him to sit up.",
"He turned him over gently."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16759 | I have a big family. My name is Tony Brown. I'm English. My father and mother are teachers. They teach English in No.1 Middle School. I have a sister. Her name is Mona. We are students in N0.1 Middle School. My grandfather's name is David, My grandmother's name is Sue. They are retired , they are at home. Paul is my uncle. He is a worker . Paul's wife --Jane, is a doctor . They have ason. His name is Jeff. He's only three. There are _ people in Tony'sfamily. | [
"six",
"seven",
"eight",
"nine"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10456 | Once Dr. Mellinkoff invited me to join him at the hospital to discuss interesting cases(, ) with his students.The case at hand was a Guatemalan man, aged 34, who had a fever and many other medical problems.His condition was not improving, and there was not much hope he would live. Dr.: Mellinkoff asked to see the patient.He introduced himself in Spanish and, in a very gentle voice, asked how he felt.The patient smiled and said everything was all right.Then the doctor asked if he was able to eat.The patient said that he had no desire to eat. "Are you getting food you like?" The patient said nothing. "Do you get the kind of food you have at home?" The answer was no. The doctor put his hand on the man's shoulder and his voice was very soft. "If you had food that you liked, would you eat it?" "Yes, yes," the patient said. The change in the patient's appearance couldn't have been more obvious.Nothing was said, but it was easy to tell that a message had been sent and had also been received. Later, the doctor asked why the Guatemalan man wasn't getting food he could eat.One of the students said, "We all know how difficult it is to get the kitchen to make special meals." "Suppose," the doctor replied, "you felt a certain medicine was absolutely necessary but that our hospital didn't carry it, would you accept defeat or would you insist the hospital meet your request?" "I would probably insist," the student said. "Very well," the doctor said."You might want to try the same method in the kitchen.It won't be-easy, but I can help you.Meanwhile, let's get some food inside this man as fast as possible, and stay with it.Or he'll be killed by hunger.By the way, there must be someone among you who can speak Spanish.If we want to make real progress, we need to be able to talk with him." Three weeks later.Doctor Mellinkoff told me that the Guatemalan man had left the hospital under his own power.It takes more than medicine to help sick people; you also have to talk to them and make them comfortable. Which of the following words can be used to describe Dr. Mellinkoff? | [
"Cold.",
"Considerate.",
"Curious.",
"Careless."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_996 | Tigers and household cats are members of the same family; however, their sizes are vastly different. What is the cause of this difference? | [
"biochemical makeup",
"behavioral makeup",
"genetics",
"habitat size"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12889 | Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls. Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to US through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location. We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.They are usually 35,880 kilometers above the equator.Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. _ is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometers an hour--exactly the same speed that the earth rotates.A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the earth.Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit ,So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days. Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth.A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired.Often,very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other. What's the speed the earth rotates at? | [
"35,880 kilometers per hour.",
"335,880 kilometers per hour.",
"11,000 kilometers per hour.",
"110,000 kilometers per hour"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10332 | It's a safe bet that a robot made your car and made your computer. Pretty soon, they could be making your bed and breakfast too. Increasingly, engineers are saying that robots are going to move out of research departments and into your home. Companies including General Electric are working on designs for small robots. Products like the Roomba, a robot that can clean floors, are flying off the shelves. What's behind this new robot revolution? It's partly a matter of technology. Devices that can recognize and respond to a human voice have been developed. There are now a few different ways for robots to move around. They can walk, crawl or ride on wheels. Robots are being made smaller and smaller. They are also becoming more and more able. A bigger part of the story is on the demand side. From the day the television remote control was invented, people around the world have searched for new ways to be lazy. Take into consideration that more and more people can afford robots, and the time seems ripe to introduce robots to the ordinary family. To be sure, robots that walk on two legs and talk like people are still a long way off. However, robots that do basic housework such as cleaning or gardening are sure to come out soon. One thing is certain--when these robots do come into our homes, it will change things forever. Which of the following statements is TRUE? | [
"Robots have already come into every home.",
"Technology is the only basis of the development of robots.",
"General Electric is not interested in designing small robots.",
"Robots that can walk on two legs and talk like people are still far from us."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5772 | Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers. Their study found that theobromine , found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. "While coughing is not necessarily harmful it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem," said Professor Peter Barnes. Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicines are stopping coughs. The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo. The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity , which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness. What was used in the experiment to cause coughing? | [
"Theobromine.",
"Codeine.",
"Capsaicin.",
"Placebo."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22306 | What would you likely notice the taste of? | [
"ice",
"tropical twist",
"water",
"air"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1447 | As they went to the doors they saw they had the letters A, B, C, and D on them. What did it mean? Alpha, the leader, told everyone to stop and look at the doors, so as to see which door they would go through. The walls were brown and dirty. The lights were yellow. Door A was blue. This was Beta's choice. Door B was red. Door C was the same color as door A. Door D a color no one had seen before. Gamma felt that Alpha needed to make a choice soon before the monsters caught their scent. Delta was the first to voice a choice. He wanted to go in the red door. Alpha told him that the old books said to go in the blue door. This is why it was so hard for Alpha right now. Two doors were blue. Being a good leader, Alpha asked everyone what they wanted to do. The final choice was door D. They went in and enjoyed all of time in a world with odd colors. Who was the leader? | [
"Beta",
"Gamma",
"Alpha",
"Delta"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3119 | People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular. Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person's breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down. Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers' risk of heart disease and stroke. Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases. The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that _ . | [
"it can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs",
"it lowers skin temperature",
"it causes the heart to beat less fast",
"Nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5551 | Paperback: 264 pages Publisher:. Sams (March 29,2005) ISBN: 0672327627 Product Dimensions: 8.4x5.5x0.6 inches OVERVIEW This book offers straightforward practical answers when you need fast results. By working through each 10-minute lesson, you'll learn what you need to begin to use the PHP scripting language to make your websites interactive and dynamic. REVIEW When I first laid eyes on this book and its title, Teach Yourself PHP in 10 minutes, my first thought was that I was going to see this! So I opened it up and figured I'd look through it for ten minutes and see what would hit me. Well, 10 minutes turned into 20, 20 into 30 and 30 into a valuable resource that sits on my desk. Not only are the lessons within brief, but they are very easy to understand, well presented and very easy to understand for the beginner. Each lesson comes with tips to point out shortcuts, cautions to help you avoid common mistakes and notes to additional infomation. This book can be used in two ways, as a reference or as a complete tutorial on PHP basics. That alone is something that is very rare in teaching type books these days. Some of the more valuable and informative lessons will take you into the areas of: --Strings and variables --Processing HTML forms --Controlling and filtering data --User authentication --Cookies and sessions --Security practices --Configuring PHP and more!!! The book is pretty basic for experienced PHP coders, but for new or intermediate users this book is worth more than the small $19.99 CAN suggested price. Although the cover suggests it covers PHP 5.0, the coding found within also applies to PHP 4.X CONCLUSION This book completely surprised me with its value and does indeed teach you in ten minutes what other books claim to do in 24 hours. Full marks to author Chris Newman for this handy guide. What is the purpose of the passage? | [
"To tell us something about a new book.",
"To tell us something about PHP.",
"To make an ad for the book to sell it.",
"To tell us how to use the book."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13517 | Mr. Green is quiet and doesn't like talking with people. He likes reading newspapers and playing computer games. He never exercises. Sometimes he watches soccer or basketball games on TV. He likes milk very much and drinks it three times a day. Mrs. Green is a bank clerk .It's a busy but boring job. She works with people and money every day. So she is always tired after work. She likes to take a good rest and goes to bed early after dinner. Usually she goes to bed at 8:30 in the evening and gets up at 6:30 in the morning. Mr. Green is very happy with that. But Mrs. Green isn't, because Mr. Green always talks in her sleep. One morning, Mr. Green sat at table and had breakfast. Mrs. Green asked him,"Why do you always talk in your sleep?"Mr. Green said,"Because I have few chances to talk in the daytime " The next morning after their children all went to school, Mrs. Green asked Mr. Green angrily,"Why did you scold me in your sleep last night?""Because I'm afraid to do it when I'm awake ." Mrs.Green usually sleeps _ hours every night. | [
"ten",
"nine",
"eight",
"seven"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19034 | What is an example of reproduction being a stage in the life cycle process? | [
"births can occur only after reproduction takes place",
"death is the last stage in the life cycle",
"reproduction mightn't guarantee a healthy life",
"life can end during reproduction"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10621 | Many scientists are now exploring the idea of going to live on Mars. Some other scientists from the MASA AMES Center have already started the creation of a "Mars town" and many others are in fact already experimenting with it. Of course, these experiments are done on Earth itself but this "Mars town" has an environment practically like that of Mars. The astronauts working in these towns wear their space suit and also do everything they would really have to carry out if they ever go to Mars in the future. But Mars would be like Earth, a temporary place for humans. When the Sun starts swallowing up the planets, Mars will disappear only hours after Earth. So Mars only seems to be the ideal place to spread the human beings. It is also a good location to send humans if ever there is a disaster on Earth. By saying disaster, I mean asteroids hitting and things like that. If we humans do not want to disappear when Earth or Mars gets swallowed up, we will have to go and live beyond the solar system. But are there any planets outside our solar system prepared to support life? Astronomers' answer is: "If Earth can support life, why can't other planets do the same too? Astronomers have already discovered a Jupiter - like planet _ a Sun-like star, so why not an Earth-like planet orbiting a Sun-like star? To achieve this goal though, many other problems have to be taken into consideration. How do we transform a dusty planet like Mars into one more or less like our Earth? How should we go on? There is still a long way to go. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? | [
"Mars Town",
"Living on Mars",
"The Future of Earth",
"Where to live in the Future"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20063 | A dead skunk in the middle of the road would be most appealing to | [
"a giraffe",
"a politician",
"a vulture",
"a whale"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4582 | People who do not get enough vitamin A in their diet may develop night blindness.But in the developing world a lack of vitamin A causes much more serious harm to children.The World Health Organization links the lack of vitamin A to as many as 250.000 child deaths every year. One excellent source of vitamin A is found in sweet potatoes with orange flesh.Orange sweet potatoes contain high levels of beta-carotene ,which our body can change into vitamin A. Experts say orange sweet potatoes specially bred (,) for growing conditions in Africa could help solve the lack of vitamin A there. But, first, more people will need to be persuaded to eat them. Jan Low with the International Potato Center, a research organization says the sweet potato needs a better image in Africa. Jan Low says,... We do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in sub-Saharan Africa. It is seen as a crop of the poor. " Ms Low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case another crop fails. The sweet potatoes commonly grown if Africa have white or yellow flesh. But, more importantly, they are low in vitamin A. Jan Low took part in a project to study how best to market orange sweet potatoes to Africans.She worked on an information campaign in Mozambique and Uganda.The campaign included radio messages about the nutritional benefits of the orange sweet potato.They advertised its ability to" fight diseases, make you strong, clear your skin and make you look healthy." In areas without radio, the campaigners spread the message through community theater.The performances included singing, dancing and storytelling.And everywhere they went, the campaigners wore orange T-shirts and hats.They even drove orange vehicles.Jan Low says the color1 made it easier to gain public attention. Dan Gustafson heads the Washington office of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. He points to efforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops. He says most of these efforts failed because organizers of the campaigns did not consider what people wanted to eat.But Mr.Gustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in Africa. For one thing, except for the color1, the vegetable is similar to what people already use. The passage mainly talks about _ . | [
"an image problem with orange sweet potato",
"an information campaign in sub-Saharan area",
"the popularity of vitamin A",
"the function of vitamin A in people's diet"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8799 | A couple of years ago on a hot summer day in south Florida, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. In a hurry to dive into the cool water, he ran out of the back door, leaving behind shoes, socks, and shirt as he went. He flew into the water, not realizing that as he swam toward the middle of the lake, an alligator was swimming toward the shoe. His mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer together. In great fear, she ran toward the water, shouting to her son as loudly as she could. Hearing her voice, the little boy became worried and made a return to swim to his mother. It was too late. Just as he reached her, the alligator reached him. From the bank. the mother caught her little boy by the arms just as the alligator _ his legs. That began a tug-of-war between the two. The alligator was much stronger than the mother, but the mother was much too determined to let go. A farmer happened to drive by, heard her screams, raced from his truck, took aim and shot the alligator. After weeks and weeks in hospital, the little boy survived. His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal and on his arms were deep scratches where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved. The newspaper reporter, who interviewed the boy after the injury, asked if he would show him his scars. The boy lifted his pants legs. And then, with obvious pride, he said to the reporter. "But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my mom wouldn't let go. The boy's legs were scarred by _ . | [
"his mother",
"an alligator",
"a farmer",
"a reporter"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_445 | In the human body, which system functions primarily to defend the body against disease? | [
"digestive",
"immune",
"nervous",
"respiratory"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22220 | a Punnett square is used to identify the percent chance of a trait being passed down from a parent to its what? | [
"home",
"younglings",
"animals",
"pets"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3399 | Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to perform euthanasia --that's to say, doctors are permitted to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. Word that the law was passed by the vote of 15 to 10 immediately flashed on the Internet and was picked up by John, the director of the Right to Die Society of Canada, who posted it on the group's homepage online, saying, "This isn't merely something that happened in Australia. It's world history." The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical influence. Some have breathed sighs of relief; but others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the law. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia--where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part--other states are going to consider making a similar law. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, _ . Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death--probably by a deadly injection or pill--to end suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the disturbing fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. "I' m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks," he says. It can be inferred from the text that _ . | [
"Australia passed the law of euthanasia by the vote of 15 to 10",
"John and his group are in favor of the law of euthanasia in Australia.",
"an adult patient can request euthanasia by a deadly injection or pill",
"Lloyd has seen many people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14156 | Turn on the radio. A program will come out from a broadcasting station miles and miles away. We know that sounds and music themselves couldn't travel that distance through space .There must be something that brings the program from the station. But what is this silent carrier ( ) ? This is known as radio waves. However, we can't see them or even hear them. In fact, nobody knows exactly what they are. Nevertheless( ) ,we know that they are made by electricity . At the broadcasting station, people talk, sing, play musical instruments or make many other sounds. These sounds are changed into electricity. Then from the broadcasting aerial of a tall tower , electricity sends out radio waves which travel in all directions .And some of them reach your radio aerial. What happens next is a magical thing. The radio waves start an electric current ( ) in your aerial like the one that was first made in the broadcasting station . Finally, the loudspeaker in your radio set changes the electricity into sound .Therefore, you hear the program. ,. You may find this passage in a _ . | [
"guidebook",
"science magazine",
"fashion newspaper",
"fictional novel"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18661 | Which atmospheric phenomena are created by the interaction of charged particles with Earth's magnetosphere? | [
"auroras",
"tornadoes",
"rainbows",
"inversions"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2461 | Henry was a carpenter of our village. Once I asked him to make a table for my family. A week later, Henry sent us the table and the bill as well. My wife said to me, "It's a beautiful table, dear, isn't it?" "I won't decide about that until I see the bill." I said. Henry was drinking a glass of water. He laughed and gave me a piece of paper. It said, Bill One dining table June 10, 2011 Cost of wood 17.00 Paint 1.50 Work, 8 hours (1 an hour) 8.00 Total 36.50 When I was looking at the bill, Henry said," It's a fine day, isn't it? Quite sunny." "Yes," I said. "I'm glad it is only the 10th of June." "Me too, " said Henry." You wait. It will be a bit hotter by the end of the month." "Yes, hotter and more expensive. The table will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won't they, Henry? " I said, "If it isn't too much trouble, please add it up again. You can forget the date." "OK, man. You are such a guy." Henry said with a smile in his two blue eyes, and he left with the money he should get. The table was made of _ . | [
"Wood",
"glass",
"Paper",
"chair"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9571 | Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this film, scientists use DNA kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. That's nothing more than a fiction. But could we really clone endangered animals? To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare ox-like animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a common bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope , the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah , and the giant panda. Next, could we really clone extinct animals? In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a well-kept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth , Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a surrogate mother. In reality? Probably not. On the one hand, it's not likely that extinct animals' DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. Cloning extinct animals as wool mammoth, Tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly well-preserved DNA. On the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as _ , definitely not a monkey. But what about an extinct animal as unique as the panda? What species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother? Cloning presents many exciting possibilities. However, even if extinct animals are brought back, they could not survive in today's world. Not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to live in, but the other plants and animals they depended on for food may also be gone as well. Which of the following statements is true according the passage? | [
"Jurassic Park is a cloned animal.",
"The cloned creatures are the same as the real one.",
"We could clone extinct animals in reality.",
"We could clone extinct animals in theory."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10629 | Auckland, New Zealand After two months of learning, Monty, and Porter were able to drive an automobile around a racetrack. "We wanted to prove how smart rescue dogs are," animal behaviorist Mark Vette says. Vette first used voice commands and treats to teach the dogs how to turn a steering wheel and how to change gear . The dogs' ride only accelerated up to 7.5 miles an hour, and trainers could stop the auto using a remote control. GOLDEN ZEBRA Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Zoe the zebra's markings are special. The animal has white and golden stripes. Zoe's appearance resulted from a rare condition called amelanosis . Her body doesn't make enough melanin, the substance in an animal's skin and hair cells that produces color. "Only 25 other golden zebras are known to exist in the world,"says Ann Goody, who runs the wildlife refuge where Zoe lives. In the wild, life may be difficult for animals with amelanosis because predators can easily spot them. But Zoe is protected at her refuge. COCKATOO MAKES TOOLS Vienna, Austria When Figaro the cockatoo spots food lying just out of reach from his cage, he builds a tiny wooden tool to sweep the tasty prize in his way. The bird first revealed his talent when a stone he was playing with rolled out of his cage. The cockatoo couldn't reach the stone. So he flew away and returned with a small branch, slipping it through the fence to slide the stone toward him. Wondering if he would do it again, scientists placed a nut exactly where the stone had been. This time, Figaro pulled out a small piece of wood in his cage and dragged the nut toward him. If Zoe the zebra is set free in the wild, she will _ . | [
"meet no natural predators",
"not get along with other zebras",
"manage to make enough melanin",
"be easily found for her appearance"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1847 | Which set of descriptions correctly states the difference between a population and a community? | [
"Population: one species in an area Community: one species worldwide",
"Population: organisms in a small area Community: organisms in a large area",
"Population: living parts of an area Community: living and nonliving parts of an area",
"Population: one type of organism in an area Community: many types of org... | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9820 | Have you ever heard that we humans use only ten percent of our brains? This opinion holds a certain appeal because if it were true, then we could instantly become ten times more intelligent just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain! The idea that we use only a small part of the brain dates back to animal experiments in the 19th century. When scientists stimulated a specific part of the brain, the animal moved its leg or tail. If a tiny part of the brain could do something so great, what was the use of the rest of the brain? Some scientists assumed that large parts of the brain were simply useless. Then, in the early 20th century, scientists observed that stimulating certain parts of the brain had no physical effects. They named these seemingly useless parts of the brain the "silent cortex." Today we know that in humans, much of the "silent cortex" is actually devoted to complex activities like language, learning, and imagining. Brain scans have shown that different parts of the brain become much more active as we shift our attention and focus, but even as we sleep, many areas of the brain are extremely active. Would you be smarter if your entire brain constantly worked to maximum capacity ? Interestingly enough, the opposite is probably true. The less brain activity you need to perform a given task, the more the brain as a whole is able to do. What did scientists discover in their experiment in the 20th century? | [
"The majority of the brain is sleeping.",
"Animals' legs and tails have some connection with their brain.",
"Stimulation on some parts of the brain causes no physical reaction.",
"Certain parts of the brain are devoted to language and learning activities."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5766 | To do for you Baby and me St. Benedicts Family Medical Center's "Baby and me" classes, 11 a.m. to noon Tuesdays, at Jerome Public Library, 101 First Ave. E. This week's topic: story telling. The class is educational support for parents and babies. A baby scale is available each week. Free; 324-6133 Infant care Infant care class of St. Benedicts' prepared childbirth series , 7-9 p.m. Wednesday, at Jerome Public Library, 101 First Ave. E. Topics: baby care and early parenting. The class is offered separately, or as part of the childbirth series. Mothers may register even if their babies will be born at a different hospital. Cost is $5. Register: 732-3148. Self defense College of Southern Idaho's Community Education Center is offering a course "Self defense," 7-8:30 p.m. Thursdays, beginning this week to Dec. 16, in room 304 in the College of Southern Idaho gym. Bryan Matsuoka and Gary Phelps will instruct. Learn defensive skills and the coordination of mind and body. Cost is $105. Register: 732-6442 or communityed.csi.edu. Fitness for seniors South Central Public Health District is observing Fall Prevention AWARENESS Week Sept.19-25 to raise awareness of falls and reduce fall risk in south central Idaho. The health district will provide a Fit and Fall proof class leader training from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Friday at 1020 Washington St. N. in Twin Fall. Training is for individuals interested in volunteering. Volunteers aren't required to have a physical education degree but should have exercise experience. Register for the training by Wednesday: 737-5988. "To do for you" is a listing of health-related activities, events and education in the following Monday. Which activity can help the women who will soon have babies? | [
"Baby and me",
"Infant care",
"Self defense",
"Fitness for seniors"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3534 | The crisis at the damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks. We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences. He is a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland. Professor Links says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at risk of extremely high doses of radiation. JONATHAN LINKS: "Of course, we don't know what doses they've received, but the only persons at risk of acute radiation effects are the workers." For other people, he says, there may be a long-term worry. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident. Professor Links says scientists can use computers to quickly model where radioactive material has blown and settled. Then they measure how large an area is contaminated. He says if the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the water. JONATHAN LINKS: "But that would only be the case if there was a significant release and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then settled out of the air into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables." The reactors at Fukushima are on the Pacific coast. But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean. JONATHAN LINKS: "Even in a worst-case scenario accident, the sea provides a very high degree of _ . So the concentration of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low." Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. That memory from World War Two would create a stronger "psychological sensitivity" to radiation exposure, Professors Links says. Next month is the twenty-fifth anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The nineteen eighty-six event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry. A new United Nations report says more than six thousand cases of thyroid cancer have been found. These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The report says that by two thousand five the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths. The cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated milk. The milk came from cows that ate grass where radioactive material had fallen. To get the latest updates, go to www.unsv.com. Contributing: James Brooke Which of the following is NOT the influences caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station? | [
"Workers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of death .",
"People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.",
"The radioactive material may be blown over the area causing the pollution to water .",
"The concentration of radioactivity in the seawate... | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9210 | What if handheld tools know what needs to be done and were even able to guide and help inexperienced users to complete jobs that require skill? Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed and started studying a novel concept in robotics--intelligent handheld robots. Historically, handheld tools have been straight, unintelligent instruments that are _ of the context they operate in, are fully directed by the user, and therefore, lack any understanding about the task they are performing. Dr. Walterio Mayol-Cuevas and PhD student, Austin Gregg-Smith, from the University's Department of Computer Science, have been working in the design of the robot as well as in understanding how best to be with a tool that "knows and acts". Compared to other tools such as power tools that have a motor and perhaps some basic sensors , the handheld robots developed at Bristol are designed to have more degrees of freedom to allow greater independence from the instructions of the user, and importantly, understand the steps being carried out. This allows for a new level of co-operation between user and tool, such as the user providing directions and the tool performing the detailed task. Handheld robots, aim to share physical similarity with users but are neither fully independent as is a humanoid robot nor are part of the user's body. The aim with handheld robots is to develop the intuitiveness of using traditional handheld tools while adding planted intelligence and action to allow for new abilities. Dr. Mayol-Cuevas, Reader in Robotics Computer Vision and Mobile Systems, said, "There are three basic levels of autonomy we are considering: no autonomy, semi-autonomous when the robot advises the user but does not act, and fully autonomous when the robot advises and acts even by correcting or refusing to perform incorrect user actions." What can we learn from the passage? | [
"The handheld robots can never disobey the user's order.",
"The autonomy is the only thing that the scientists are considering.",
"There will be more intelligence and independence in the handheld robots.",
"The aim of the handheld robots is to correct and refuse the user's directions."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7836 | Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone somewhere in the world without a stamp on it? Using a computer you can send e-mails quickly and easily. The post is much slower than e-mail. E-mail can send its message to the other side of the world in seconds. E-mail is easy to use and it saves time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter when sending e-mail. It's twenty-four-hour service that you can send e-mail at any time of the day or night. No one has to be there to get e-mail. It does not matter if your friends are in beds when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a movie at the movie theater when they send e-mail back. You can send e-mail at any time _ . | [
"in the daytime",
"at night",
"on weekends",
"of the day or night"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20974 | If a flag is adjusted at great heights | [
"something is pulled",
"something is ravaged",
"something is burned",
"something is gold"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13307 | Hi! I'm Jack. I'm in a new school this term. Now let me tell you about my school now. My new school is big and nice. There are one thousand and four hundred students and one hundred and forty teachers in my school. I like the teachers. They are very kind to me. My classmates are very friendly , too. They teach me Chinese and I teach them English. There are trees, flowers and green grass in my school. They are very beautiful. Behind my school there is a small river. The water in it is quite clean. We can swim in it. We have no classes on Saturdays or Sundays. Sometimes I go to play football or basketball with my classmates. Sometimes I stay at home and watch TV. Sometimes I go to shops with my father and mother. We all like China. Jack _ his new classmates. | [
"don't get on well with",
"don't like",
"makes good friends with",
"is going to learn English from"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6753 | Last week.we talked about Massive Open Online Courses.also called MOOCs.Tens of thousands,or even more,people Can take these classes all at once.You can be anywhere in the worht to take a MOOC.All you need is a computer and a network connection. MOOCs add to a tradition of what is known as distance learning.For years,many colleges have offered classes that are taught partly or mostly online.MOOCs are available in subjects like comlmter science,engineering or mechanics.Can MOOCs in subjects like arts or the humanities be as effective? Scott Anderson teaches philosophy at the University of British Columbia in Canada.He sees both good and bad sides to MOOCs.Scott Anderson says,"There are pails that will be tine,insofar as mostly when students listen to a lecture. there is no special reason why they need to be physically present to hear and get it."Mr.Anderson says increased numbers of students in MOOCs can mean less communication between them and teachers.He says two ways to deal with this are.by adding more teachers and setting up online discussion groups. Lisa Jadwin teaches English and American literature and writing at St.John Fisher College in New York.She says online education has some weaknesses for her subjects. She says,"What's lost in online education is face-to-face interaction.And that old-fashioned approuch is not going to be replaced very quickly by computer--aided instrnction."Professor Jadwin says some students could learn very well from talks and reading assignments,blogs and discussion groups.But she believes that hybrid courses work best.She describes hybrids as mixing face-to-face course elements with computer-aided teaching and writing proiects. Bill Pogue teaches communications at the University of Houston-Downtown.He sees good value in online education.He noted a strong sense of communitv in an online ciyrse he once took.He said the students worked together on a project while living on four continents. MOOCs are more popular in the world because _ . | [
"few people can take these courses",
"distance learning is the only way to study now",
"MOOCs are effective in all the subjects",
"the students can be anywhere to take them"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21301 | What activity is a part of the wheel of organic life? | [
"having sex",
"black holes",
"nuclear meltdowns",
"supernova"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17504 | Animals get energy for growth and repair from | [
"soil",
"food",
"water",
"air"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13777 | There are a lot of reasons why growing your own food is a good idea. GIY helps reduce carbon dioxide(CO2) emissions . Food in supermarkets travels a long way and that produces a lot of CO2. If you grow as many vegetables as you can at home, you can help save the earth. Vegetables you grow are also good for your health because they have more nutrients than supermarket vegetables and they don't have chemicals. How much money can you save? First of all, seeds are a lot of cheaper than vegetables, and secondly, you can save more by planting the most expensive and the most productive vegetables. You can give your vegetables to fiends and neighbors. It can make you very popular. Don't worry if you don't have much space. To GIY, you don't even need a garden. You can use pots on your balconies . And don't worry if your space doesn't get much sun. You can plant vegetables that don't need a lot of sun to grow. Grow your own vegetables now. You will have both a healthier body and a healthier social life. From the passage, we can learn that _ . | [
"all vegetables need a lot of sun to grow",
"we can plant vegetables on our balconies",
"vegetables from supermarkets must be a little cheaper",
"we need much space to plant vegetables"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11840 | Honeybees Honeybees can do three kinds of jobs. It is one of the most unusual insects in the world. Bees are special because they divide up their honeybee work. Each bee has a certain job to do. The busiest bee is the worker. Workers build the nest, called a hive. Inside the hive, workers make a honeycomb from wax . They store honey there for food. Workers are always cleaning and fixing the hive. They even stand at the opening and fan their wings to cool the hive. Worker bees will attack anything--even people--to keep their hive safe. Another kind of bee is the drone . Drones are male bees, and their job is to fly with the queen bee and mate with her. After the queen mates, the worker bees drive the drones away. The drones then starve to death. The third kind of bee is the queen. Each hive needs only one queen, and her job is laying eggs. She can lay as many as 2, 000 eggs a day. The bee's nest is called a _ . | [
"hive",
"honeycomb",
"drone",
"wax"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21773 | Another term for wind energy is clean energy because the wind and air contains | [
"Seven",
"under energy",
"zero pollutants",
"moon"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10257 | Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by the shark . Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms. Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark's ability to sense pressure. If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather. Miss Smith had previously studied the behavior of lemon sharks in the Bahamas. She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University. Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001. Miss Smith said: "I've always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks." "I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there's so much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research." It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system. At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology. In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal and temperature changes on dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts. She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. What is the passage mainly about? | [
"A popular way of forecasting weather.",
"A new research effort in predicting storms.",
"Biologists' interest in the secrets of sharks.",
"Lauren Smith's devotion to scientific research."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17630 | A student crumples up a sheet of paper. Which property of the paper has changed? | [
"color",
"mass",
"state",
"shape"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16876 | Little Mary is a good girl. She's in Grade 2 now. Her home is not far from school, but she is often late for class because she likes watching TV, listening to music in the evening and she goes to bed very late. So she can't get up on time in the morning. This term Mr White, Mary's uncle, works in her school. He teaches Grade 2 history. He often tells Mary to follow the school rules and come to school on time. Today Mary get up late again. When she comes to school, it is 8:15 . Her uncle is waiting for her at the school gate. "You are ten minutes late for the first class." Mr White says angrily . "Why are you often late for class?" "Every time when I get to the street corner , I always see a sign . It says 'SCHOOL-GO SLOW! ' " says Mary. The first class begins at _ . | [
"8:10",
"8:00",
"8:05",
"8:15"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7535 | You must have seen an oil lamp before. But do you know how it works? One end of the lamp wick is immersed(............) in oil and the other end is not immersed. When you light the end which is not immersed, it will burst into flame . This is because the oil is able to rise up the lamp wick thus helping it to burn. In the same way, if you immerse the end of a piece of chalk into a glass of water, the water will soon climb up the chalk making it wet. If a piece of ordinary glass tubing is heated in a gas flame until it becomes soft,it can be pull into a tube of a very small hole. Immerse the tube into water or any other liquid which wets glass, you will find that the liquid rises to a height of several centimeters. This is known as capillary action. The liquid rises because there is an attractive force between the liquid and the glass. The attractive force depends on the diameter of the tube and the type of liquid used. The passage mentions all the things except _ . | [
"oil",
"water",
"chalk",
"paper"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14050 | Do You Want to Be an Artist? Do you want to be an artist? Come to our club. We have guitar, violin, piano and drum lessons for just Y=240 each. You can also learn to sing or dance for just Y=180 each. If you like art, you can be satisfied, too. Art lessons are just Y=200 each. How much is it for the piano lesson ? It's Y= _ . | [
"180",
"200",
"240",
"480"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9268 | People who are outdoors in cold weather should avoid actions like suddenly lifting a heavy basket full of snow. Even walking through heavy, wet snow can a person's heart. Many people aren't conditioned to the physical stress of outdoor activities and don't know the dangers of being outdoors in cold weather. Those who like winter sports can suffer accidental hypothermia if they don't make certain preparations. Hypothermia means the body temperature has fallen below normal. It occurs when your body can't produce enough energy to keep the internal body temperature warm enough. It can kill you. Heart failure causes most deaths in hypothermia. Children, the elderly and those with heart disease are at special risk. As people age, their ability to keep a normal internal body temperature often decreases. Elderly people can suffer hypothermia without knowing they're in danger because they can't notice the cold conditions as quickly as the young. Besides cold temperatures, high winds, snow and rain can also steal body heat. Wind is especially dangerous because it removes the layer of heated air from around your body. At 30 degrees Fahrenheit in a 20-mile-per-hour wind, the cooling effect is equal to calm air at four degrees. Similarly dampness causes the body to lose heat faster than it would at the same temperature in drier conditions. To keep warm, wear more clothes. This traps air between layers. Also, wear a hat or head scarf. Much of your body's heat can be lost through your head. Keep your hands and feet warm, too, as they tend to lose heat rapidly. Don't drink alcohol before going outdoors or when outside. Alcohol makes you feel warm at first because blood vessels in the skin expand. But heat is then drawn away from the body's important organs. What is implied in the passage about hypothermia? | [
"It means the body temperature falls rapidly.",
"Most heart attacks are caused by it.",
"It is not as scary as people think.",
"It can threaten a person's life."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22246 | Corn and wheat are among the favorite foods of | [
"humans",
"grizzly bears",
"fish",
"aliens"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9842 | A new satellite is travelling 1.5 million kilometers over a 110-day period to enter an orbit of the sun. It is called DSCOVR--the Deep Space Climate Observatory. It will replace a satellite that has been observing space weather. DSCOVR will begin its work during the worst of the 11-year-long solar cycle. This is a time when extreme weather on the sun can have the greatest effect on planet Earth. DSCOVR will gather information about a continuing flow of particles from the sun. We are protected from these particles by the Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere. But we are not fully protected from what scientists call Coronal Mass Ejections. These are strong storms that can happen on the sun's surface. Thomas Berger is the director of the Space Weather Prediction Center at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. He says these ejections are much more dangerous than solar particles. He says the Coronal Mass Ejections are extremely large magnetic clouds that are expelled from the sun at extremely high speeds. He says when they impact Earth, it is like a hurricane impacting Earth in terms of space weather. Violent space weather can make electric systems stop working. It can block satellite signals to Earth. It can interfere with radio signals and air travel. Mr. Berger says we cannot stop the ejections from affecting us, but we can prepare for them if we know when they will happen. When the DSCOVR satellite records an ejection, it will release a warning. Mr. Berger says the warning will provide NOAA about 15 to 60 minutes to let people know that a very strong storm is coming in to the Earth. He says that is enough time for power grid operators to take protective action. He says it is also enough time for workers to place satellites on a safe operating method if necessary. Mr. Berger says scientists would like even more time, of course. He says researchers are developing instruments that will give an earlier warning. The warnings from DSCOVR will be for the whole planet. But Mr. Berger says a new system may be able to give more-targeted warnings. He says future models will be able to tell exactly what part of the world will be more at risk from a solar storm. That means that, for the first time, humans will get both a warning that a magnetic storm is heading towards Earth and information about where it is likely to hit. The new satellite is used to _ ? | [
"replace the satellite in use",
"observe space weather",
"study the sun",
"take pictures of space"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_725 | The chemical symbol for niobium is Nb. Based on its symbol, what can be concluded about niobium? | [
"Niobium is a compound.",
"Niobium is an element.",
"Niobium is a metal.",
"Niobium is a mixture."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14849 | My father is tall and has short gray hair. He wears glasses with heavy black frames . Today I find a picture of him in 1986. What a surprise! In the picture, he's 15 years old. He's short and he has glasses with small round frames. He has long black hair and it's really straight. He's wearing blue jeans and a T-shirt with the word "love". I'm 15 years old now. I'm of medium height and I have short hair. My hair isn't black, it's brown. My dad thinks it's _ , but my friends think it's great. I wear glasses, but my glasses have square , red frames. They are so cool. I never wear blue jeans. I like big, baggy pants and long T-shirts. Most of my T-shirts have pictures of my favorite actors or singers on them. What's on the father's T-shirt? | [
"The word \"love\".",
"Heavy and black frames.",
"Picture of a singer.",
"An actor."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18195 | Brittany pedaled her bicycle quickly on a level surface. When she stopped pedaling and coasted, the bicycle slowed and came to a stop. What happened to the energy of the moving bicycle as it coasted to a stop? | [
"It was transferred to heat due to friction.",
"It was reabsorbed into Brittany's muscles.",
"It was stored in the bicycle wheels as potential energy.",
"It was transferred to the air in the form of visible light."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7062 | Broken rubber bands and flat tires requiring replacement could soon be a thing of the past. French researchers have developed a new kind of rubber that can repair itself when broken.The new rubber is made from widely available materials including vegetable oil and a common industrial chemical.All the materials are considered safe to the environment and can be easily reused. The best part is that the new rubber can be repaired and used again and again without losing its strength or ability or stretch.When cut, the rubber can be made new again, simply by pressing the two broken ends back together. The product can be repaired at room temperature, around twenty degrees Centigrade;other self-healing materials require higher temperatures for repair. Traditionally, rubber substances are made from huge molecules connected by strong chemical links, or bonds.The new rubber is made of smaller molecules.The molecules are linked together using hydrogen bonds.When connected in this way, the molecules act like one long molecule, forming what is called supramolecular networks .When the rubber is cut, the molecules attempt to connect with whatever molecule is near them.When pressed together, the molecules are able to repair themselves at the molecular level, making the repaired rubber like new. However, time is an important element in the process.If the broken ends are not brought together quickly, a repair is not possible.This is because molecules will form bonds with molecules on their own side.The inventors say the surfaces of the rubber can be repaired within a week of being separated. The rubber is the creation of scientists at the Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Education Institution in Paris.The organization is part of France's National Center for Scientific Research.The new material is described in greater detail in the research publication Nature. If we want to know more about the technology of this kind of new rubber, where can we get the information? | [
"In the researchers' diary.",
"In a guide book.",
"In a research magazine.",
"In a newspaper."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16812 | If you are lucky enough, you may find the hummingbird , the smallest bird of the animal world, in a south American forest. Though the hummingbird is no bigger than a bee and weighs only 2 to 3 grams, it can fly as fast as 50 meters in a second. It can fly forwards as most birds do, and it can fly backwards as well. The strangest thing about it, however, is that it can stay still in the air, just like a _ . Whenever a hummingbird needs food, it will fly slowly towards a flower. It won't stand on the flower, as bees do, but just hangs to the flower and then begins to sunk the honey from inside the flower with its needle-like beak. The hummingbird is very particular in building its nest . It takes great trouble to choose materials. It likes soft ones better than hard ones. Its eggs are so small that a common match box can hold as many as one hundred of them. A hummingbird can fly as fast as _ meters in a second. | [
"fifty",
"five hundred",
"fifteen",
"one hundred and fifty"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19571 | How many odorant receptors do honey bees have? | [
"4",
"270",
"170",
"70"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14714 | Our nearest neighbor is the moon. In the sky, the moon and the sun seem to be of the same size because the moon is much nearer. The moon makes the tides--the changes in the level of the sea. The moon and the sun together pull the sea. In some parts of the world, the difference between * high tide' (when the sea is very near to the land) and ' low tide' (when the sea is far away from the land) is very big. This is very important for ships. The moon is very different from the Earth. Gravity on the moon is six times weaker than that on the Earth. There isn't any air. During the day, it is very, very hot but at night it is very, very cold. Nothing can live on the moon. If the moon goes between the Earth and the sun, we have an eclipse of the sun . The moon stops the light from the sun and we have night in the day. If the Earth goes between the moon and the sun, we have an eclipse of the moon. The moon goes into the shadow( ) of the Earth and it disappears for a few minutes. Which of the following happens when we have an eclipse of the moon? | [
"The Earth goes between the moon and the sun.",
"The moon goes into the shadow of the sun.",
"The moon goes into the shadow of its own.",
"The sun disappears for a few minutes."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3366 | Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his work and traveling. Then, after returning to the United States from a busy and tiring trip to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics( USSR),Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on the trip, a chemical change began to take place inside him. The material between his bones became weak. In less than one week after his return, he could not stand. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctore told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins ' problem and he might never get over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up hope. Mr. Cousins thought that unhappy thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. Instead,he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness. .' He began to experiment on himself while still in hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain -free sleep at night. Deciding that the doctors could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could continue his experiments with laughter. For eight days,Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television,reading funny books,and sleeping whenever he felt tired. Within three weeks,he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto . Rico where he began running on the beach for exercise. After a few months,Mr. Cousins returned to work. He has laughed himself back to health. How long did it take before Mr. Cousins went back, to work? | [
"A few weeks.",
"A few months.",
"A few hours.",
"A few years."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18709 | A female dog is having puppies. She has black fur, brown eyes, and a curly tail. She can sit, bark, and roll over on command. Which set of traits can the female dog's puppies inherit? | [
"brown eyes, black fur",
"fur, roll over on command",
"brown eyes, sit on command",
"bark on command, curly tail"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3175 | IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has "learned" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer "hear" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just "voice recognition"; it's "natural language understanding (NLU)". You can ask it things like "Do I need an umbrella today?" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. "The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want," Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. "Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you." Which step is the most complicated in the process of voice recognition according to the article? | [
"Changing the received vibrations into digital data.",
"Analyzing the digital data to see what pronunciations it represents.",
"Putting the pronunciations together into possible words.",
"Figuring out meaningful sentences based on the words."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17813 | A solution of lead (II) nitrate reacts with a solution of sodium iodide to produce a yellow solid of lead (II) iodide and aqueous sodium nitrate. Which of these illustrates the reaction? | [
"Pb(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> PbI_{2}(s) + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)",
"L_{2}N(aq) + SI(aq) -> L_{2}I(s) + SN(aq)",
"Pb_{2}N(aq) + NaI(aq) -> Pb_{2}I(s) NaN(aq)",
"Fe(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> FeI_{2} + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12895 | One afternoon, Kate and her brother Bob went out to play.Kate was eight, and Bob was ten."Let's go to the bridge and we can see fish in the river." said Kate. "I don't know..." Bob said."Mum told us, 'don't go on the bridge.' She said it's dangerous." Kate said, "I am not afraid.Are you?" They walked onto the bridge and began looking for fish in the river.The bridge was a train bridge.Trains went over the bridge three times a day. The children were standing in the middle of the bridge when they heard a loud noise."A train is coming!" Bob shouted."Run!" He ran to the end of the bridge.He was safe. Kate ran, too, but she fell.The train was coming fast.Kate ran towards Bob.She fell again right on the train tracks .There was no time to leave.She had to lie down between the tracks.A few seconds later, the train went over the girl, but she was not hurt at all.She stood up and said to Bob, "Don't tell Mum! Don't tell Mum!" At last their mother found out about the story.She was angry because they went on the bridge.But she was happy that Kate was all right. Where was Kate when the train was going over her? | [
"She fell again right on the train tracks .",
"Kate ran towards Bob.",
"She had to lie down between the tracks.",
"She stood up and cried."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9743 | Greenwich is on the River, five miles from the middle of London, and its history is two thousand years old. The first English people were fishermen there, and they named the place Greenwich, meaning "green village". Later the English kings and queens lived at Greenwich in their beautiful places. The name of the earliest palace was Placentia. Henry VIII lived there. He knew that England must be strong at sea. So he started two big ship-yards at Greenwich. But trouble was coming to Greenwich. In 1649, a war started in England and for eleven years there was no king. The men who had worked for him at Placentia decided to live the place themselves. They sold all its beautiful things. Finally, the war ended and King Charles II came back. But Placentia was falling down. So King Charles built a new and bigger palace, which is now open to the public. At this time, Charles was worried about losing so many of its ships at sea: their sailors did not know how to tell exactly where they were. So in 1675, Charles made John Flamsteed, the first astronomer in England, try to find the answer. Flamsteed worked in a new building on the high ground in Greenwich Park. From it with a telescope which he made himself, Flamsteed could look all round the sky. And he did, night after night, for twenty years. Carrying on Flamsteed's work a hundred years later, an astronomer called Harrison finally made a clock which told the time at sea, and helped sailors to know where they were. You can see Harrison's clock, still working, in Greenwich's museum of the sea. Because of Flamsteed's work, every country in the world now tells its time by Greenwich Time. Charles made John Flamsteed try to find _ . | [
"how to build strong ships",
"how to tell sailors' positions at sea",
"how to tell the exact time",
"a place to set up a telescope"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6295 | A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months. The system, called Driver Alert, aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20% - 40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue. Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband. The device, worn by drivers or pilots, gives out a sound about every four minutes during a car journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel. A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound the driver's response. Tiredness is directly related to a driver's response time. Usually, a watchful driver would take about 400 milliseconds to respond, but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds, it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy. In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds, showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest. If the driver's response continues to slow down, the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible. The device has been delivered to the department's laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six months' time, are successful, the makers will bring the product to market within about a year. We can learn form the text that the driver needs to stop for a break when his response time is _ . | [
"about 400 milliseconds",
"below 500 milliseconds",
"over 500 milliseconds",
"about 4 minutes"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21803 | If you were looking for a cold blooded animal a donkey would be | [
"a stuffed animal",
"the wrong animal",
"the right animal",
"a fictional animal"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5092 | Some scientists have suggested that it might in some cases be ethically acceptable to clone existing people. One possibility is generating replacement for a dying . All such possibilities, however, raise the concern that the clone would be treated as less than a complete individual, because he or she would likely suffer from limitations and expectations based on the family's knowledge of the genetic "twin." Those expectations might be false, because human personality is only partly determined by genes. The clone of an extrovert could have a quite different way of behavior. Clones of athletes, movie stars, or scientists might well choose different careers because of chance events in early life. Some people have also put forward the belief that couples in which one member is infertile might choose to make a copy of one or the other partner. But society ought to be concerned that a couple might not treat naturally a child who is a copy of just one of them. Because other methods are available for the treatment of all known types of infertility, the traditional choice seems more appropriate. None of the suggested uses of cloning for making copies of existing people is ethically acceptable to my way of thinking, because they are not in the interests of the resulting child. It should go without saying that I am strongly opposed to allowing cloned human embryos to develop so that they can be tissue donors. In spite of this, it seems clear that cloning from cultured cells will offer important medical opportunities. Predictions about new technologies are often wrong: societal attitudes change; unexpected developments occur. Time will tell. But biomedical researchers looking into the potential of cloning now have plenty to do. According to the passage, one's personality is determined by _ . | [
"their genes",
"the environment they live in",
"both their genes and the environment they live in",
"neither their genes nor the environment they live in"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13099 | People are busy working every day, so they do not have enough time to do exercise. As a result, many people become too fat or too thin. To keep our bodies healthy, we have to do exercise every day. There are many kinds of exercises. Bending and stretching helps us move easily. Before we play ball games or swim, it is better for us to do bending and stretching exercises first. This kind of exercise is something called warm-up exercise. Running is also a good exercise. If we cannot run fast, we can jog. Jogging means running slowly Again, before we run or jog, we must do warm-up exercise. Also, we should not run or jog in busy streets. The air there is often dirty. Some people like weight lifting because it can make their bodies strong. Also, we need to do warm-up exercise before weight lifting. Before we _ , we must do warm-up exercise. | [
"run",
"jog",
"work",
"run or jog"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7929 | In 2013, a report from The Nero England Journal of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers. This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years. The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states. The youngest participants were 30 years old, and the '8verage age was 57. By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers. In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other factors that might otherwise affect the results. The results are clear the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women). In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and-brain cancer. For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer ,which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI(Body Mass Index)of 40 or more. For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese men. Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight off than non-smokers ,slightly reducing the risk ,But many of them don't have good lungs .Thus ,in another way ,they also face risks. As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate ,there's no clear agreement .But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor .Vitamin D is known to have a role in preventing cancer .Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult .Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a person's cancer risk ,all we know for certain is that the risk is real. The author develops the passage mainly through _ . | [
"time order",
"space order",
"analysis and comparison",
"figures and examples,"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_524 | Which of the following is an observation about grasshoppers that a science class could have made on their nature walk? | [
"The grasshoppers will live longest in a container filled with plants.",
"The grasshoppers are green with long back legs and antennae.",
"The grasshoppers will probably eat more grass than tree leaves.",
"The grasshoppers all hatched from eggs laid the year before."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13527 | Dick's grandmother is very rich . She has many shops. The old woman begins to learn drawing when she is sixty years old. And she loves it very much. She draws a lot of pictures for twelve years. One day, the old woman is ill. She stays in hospital. Before she dies, she says to Dick," I want to give my picture to a school. Then the students will remember me forever . But I don't know which school I'll give them to. Can you help me?" "Well" says Dick," You can give them to a blind school!" How old is the old woman when she dies? | [
"Sixty.",
"Sixty-two",
"Seventy",
"Seventy-two"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20742 | Which of the following would require more effort to move? | [
"Venus",
"the Sun",
"a dog",
"100lb weight"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5571 | Life in space will certainly take some getting used to!But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible--the modules are roomy,bright,and kept at a constant 70 degrees Fahrenheit.It's important the crew members are comfortable because they'll be busy aboard the station.In a typical workday,crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising,1.5 hours preparing and eating meals,and 8.5 hours sleeping.Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station: Food Come mealtime,astronauts will have a special dining kitchen.Space food just keeps getting better--and more like food we enjoy here on Earth.In early space missions,astronauts could eat only freezedried food that didn't require any preparation.But the space station is equipped with water,microwave ovens,and refrigerators,allowing the folks on board to eat more "normal" types of food,including fruit,vegetables,and ice cream! Sleep Each crew member has a private room.With no gravity,they'll need to tie themselves to their beds,or they will float away!That might sound like a strange way to sleep,but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great! Exercise You might not think it,but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth.There is not much gravity in space.Astronauts don't stand up,sit down or walk in space,so their muscles and bones don't have to work much--and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth.To fight this,astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes,rowing machines,and other equipment about two hours every day. Clothing Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while traveling aboard the U.S.shuttle or Russian rockets.But once they're safe inside the space station,crew members can wear regular clothing.Of course,a specially designed,pressurized space suit is required for space walks.It has to withstand flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes.It can range from 120 degrees below Fahrenheit in the shadow of the station to 250 degrees in the hot sun. Personal Cleanliness Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment.A little water doesn't flow in a stream--it suspends in a bubble!Astronauts will use a freshwater hose to take showers,shampoo,and wash off--then a second vacuum hose to suction off the dirty water.And how do you go to the bathroom in space?With a special "air toilet" that uses flowing air instead of water to dispose of waste. What do we know about space food from the text? | [
"Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.",
"Astronauts eat only fruit,vegetables and ice cream now.",
"Fresh food isn't available to astronauts in space.",
"Space food is getting better now than before."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15795 | In the past 300 years, more than 130 species of animals have become _ . One of these extinct species is the passenger pigeon . At one time there were millions of these birds in North America, but now there are none. The last one died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Another extinct animal is the cape lion . The animal has been extinct since 1860. What cause animals to become extinct? Too much hunting is one cause; pollution is another. Governments around the world have begun to protect wild animals in danger. In the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for endangered animals. It has listed nearly 200 species of endangered animals in North America. There were many cape lions in North America _ . | [
"last century",
"in the twentieth century",
"more than one hundred years ago",
"in 1914"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16454 | November 9 is a time for us to learn a lot more about fire . This is what to do in a fire: 1.Shout out. Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep. 2.Call 119. Never try to put out a fire yourself. Tell 119 where you are and what is on fire. 3.Keep down close to the floor. There is less smoke down there, so it's easier to breathe and see where you are going. 4.Test the door. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find a different way out. 5.Get out. Do not stop to pick up anything. A fire can become very big in a few seconds! 6.Don't use the lift. Always use the stairs. The lift may go wrong and keep you inside. 7.Don't go back .Even if you have left your pet or favorite toy inside, do not go back for it. Animals have a very good sense of smell. They often get out of buildings before people. According to the passage, when something is on fire, you must _ at once. | [
"look for your pet",
"telephone 119",
"call 120",
"put out the fire yourself"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9245 | Thousands of puffins live in Maine and on islands in the Gulf of Maine. But the puffins may be in danger. Last summer, the percentage of laid eggs that successfully produced baby puffins took a dive. Scientists also found a decline in the average body weight of the adult and baby puffins on Machias Seal Island, home to the area's largest colony. Over the winter, dozens of the seabirds from the region were found dead, likely from starvation. What's causing the puffin trouble? Scientists think it may be a shortage of food. With ocean temperatures rising, fish populations have moved around. Normally, puffins' primary food source is herring, a type of fish. A lack of herring in the area could be causing the problem. Butterfish from the south have become more abundant in the Gulf of Maine and could be a new food source for birds. But Steve Kress says butterfish may be too big and round for baby puffins to swallow. Puffins spend most of their lives at sea. They come ashore to breed each spring and return to the ocean in August. The chicks swim to sea about 40 days after hatching. Puffin populations stretch across the North Atlantic, from Maine to northern Russia. Maine's puffin population has been at risk in the past. In the 1800s, they were hunted for their food, eggs and feathers. By 1901, only one pair of puffins remained in the state. Thanks to the help of local lighthouse keepers and seabird restoration programs, the state's puffin population has been restored to more than 2,000 birds. Scientists aren't sure what will happen to the Gulf of Maine's puffins. The birds may move further north. Kress says he hopes the Gulf population will sustain itself and then he continued. "You never know what climate change will bring," Kress said. "Historically fish could move out and more southerly fish could move in, and puffins may adapt to the new fish. Only they will know how the story will unfold." It can be inferred from the passage that _ . | [
"Maine's puffin once nearly became extinct",
"Maine's puffins' eggs were of high prices",
"baby puffins grew up quickly",
"the number of Maine's puffins is worrying"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5728 | Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities, are found in various species in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is at home in the hottest parts of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight. Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require. All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on odds and ends of table scraps , and then wonder why the animal seems tired and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal is to maintain good health. Even well cared for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? | [
"Domesticated Animals--Man's Best Friends.",
"Proper Diet--the Road to Health.",
"The Advantages of Raising Domestic Animals.",
"Some Tips on Pet-keeping."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17745 | Several dinosaur bones are discovered buried in volcanic ash. The type of dinosaur can best be identified by | [
"knowing the location where the fossils were found.",
"establishing an inventory of bones collected.",
"comparing to characteristics of known dinosaurs.",
"knowing the absolute age of the fossils."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15568 | My name's Mary. This is my family tree. These are my parents. Their names are Bill and Grace Brown. Those are my grandparents. Their names are Hery and Linda Brown. This is my uncle. His name is John. That boy is my brother. His name is Tony. This is Susan. She is my uncle's daughter. ,. (2,10) Henry is Susan's _ . | [
"father",
"grandfather",
"uncle",
"grandmother"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15378 | A woman has some trouble with her eyes, so she goes to see the doctor. He is a new doctor and doesn't know her, so he asks some questions and one of them is, "How old are you?" The woman says, "I don't know, doctor, but let me think about it." She thinks for a few minutes and then says, "Yes, I know now, doctor! When I marry , I am eighteen years old, and my husband is thirty. Now my husband is sixty. And that is twice thirty, right?" So boys and girls, do you know the woman's age now? The woman is _ years old now. | [
"18",
"30",
"36",
"48"
] | null | D |
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