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"Vagnur Mohr Mortensen Vagnur Mohr Mortensen (born 10 February 1983) is a Faroese retired footballer who played for HB Tórshavn. He played at HB for his whole career and was capped by the Faroe Islands 4 times. He played as a Defender. Mortensen made his senior debut in 1999 and won 4 league titles with HB until his retirement in 2012. In 2006, he scored an 89th-minute goal on the final day of the season which helped win HB the league title with minutes to spare. In August 2012, during a win over rivals B36 Tórshavn, he suffered a broken fibula and announced his retirement from football shortly afterwards. His shinbone was damaged so badly that he wouldn't be able to play football at a high level again. In total, he made 156 appearances for HB in the top division also scoring 12 goals. Mortensen has been capped with the Faroe Islands 4 times. Vagnur Mohr Mortensen Vagnur Mohr Mortensen (born 10 February 1983) is a Faroese retired footballer who played for HB Tórshavn. He played at HB for his whole career and was capped by the Faroe Islands 4 times. He played as a Defender. Mortensen made his senior"
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"Christoffel symbols In mathematics and physics, the Christoffel symbols are an array of numbers describing a metric connection. The metric connection is a specialization of the affine connection to surfaces or other manifolds endowed with a metric, allowing distances to be measured on that surface. In differential geometry, an affine connection can be defined without any reference to a metric, and many additional concepts follow: parallel transport, covariant derivatives, geodesics, etc. also do not require the concept of a metric. However, when a metric is available, these concepts can be directly tied to the \"shape\" of the manifold itself; that shape is determined by how the tangent space is attached to the cotangent space by the metric tensor. Abstractly, one would say that the manifold has an associated (orthonormal) frame bundle, with each \"frame\" being a possible choice of a coordinate frame. An invariant metric implies that the structure group of the frame bundle is the orthogonal group . As a result, such a manifold is necessarily a (pseudo-)Riemannian manifold. The Christoffel symbols provide a concrete representation of the connection of (pseudo-)Riemannian geometry in terms of coordinates on the manifold. Additional concepts, such as parallel transport, geodesics, etc. can then be expressed in terms of Christoffel symbols. In general, there are an infinite number of metric connections for a given metric tensor; however, there is one, unique connection, the Levi-Civita connection, that is free of any torsion. It is very common in physics and general relativity to work almost exclusively with the Levi-Civita connection, by working in coordinate frames (called holonomic coordinates) where the torsion vanishes. For example, in Euclidean spaces, the Christoffel symbols describe how the local coordinate bases change from point to point. At each point of the underlying -dimensional manifold, for any local coordinate system around that point, the Christoffel symbols are denoted for . Each entry of this array is a real number. Under \"linear\" coordinate transformations on the manifold, the Christoffel symbols transform like the components of a tensor, but under general coordinate transformations (diffeomorphisms) they do not. Most of the algebraic properties of the Christoffel symbols follow from their relationship to the affine connection; only a few follow from the fact that the structure group is the orthogonal group (or the Lorentz group for general relativity). Christoffel symbols are used for performing practical calculations. For example, the Riemann curvature tensor can be expressed entirely in terms of the Christoffel symbols and their first partial derivatives. In general relativity, the connection plays the role of the gravitational force field with the corresponding gravitational potential being the metric tensor. When the coordinate system and the metric tensor share some symmetry, many of the are zero. The Christoffel symbols are named for Elwin Bruno Christoffel (1829–1900). The definitions given below are valid for both Riemannian manifolds and pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, such as those of general relativity, with careful distinction being made between upper and lower indices (contra-variant and co-variant indices). The formulas hold for either sign convention, unless otherwise noted. Einstein summation convention is used in this article, with vectors indicated by bold font. The connection coefficients of the Levi-Civita connection (or pseudo-Riemannian connection) expressed in a coordinate basis are called \"Christoffel symbols\". Given a coordinate system for on an -manifold , the tangent vectors where is the position vector, define what is referred to as the local basis of the tangent space to at each point of its domain. These can be used to define the metric tensor: and its inverse: which can in turn be used to define the dual basis: In Euclidean space, the general definition given below for the Christoffel symbols of the second kind can be proven to be equivalent to: Christoffel symbols of the first kind can then be found via index juggling: Rearranging, we see that: In words, the arrays represented by the Christoffel symbols track how the basis changes from point to point. Symbols of the second kind decompose the change with respect to the basis, while symbols of the first kind decompose it with respect to the dual basis. These expressions fail as definitions when such decompositions are not possible - in particular, when the direction of change does not lie in the tangent space, which can occur on a curved surface. In this form, it easy to see the symmetry of the lower or last two indices: formula_8 and formula_9, from the definition of formula_10 and the fact that partial derivatives commute (as long as the manifold and coordinate system are well behaved). The same numerical values for Christoffel symbols of the second kind also relate to derivatives of the dual basis, as seen in the expression: which we can rearrange as: The Christoffel symbols of the first kind can be derived either from the Christoffel symbols of the second kind and the metric, or from the metric alone, As an alternative notation one also finds It is worth noting that . The Christoffel symbols of the second kind are the connection coefficients—in a coordinate basis—of the Levi-Civita connection, and since this connection has zero torsion, then in this basis the connection coefficients are symmetric, i.e., . For this reason, a torsion-free connection is often called \"symmetric\". In other words, the Christoffel symbols of the second kind holds, where is the Levi-Civita connection on taken in the coordinate direction (i.e., ) and where is a local coordinate (holonomic) basis. The Christoffel symbols can be derived from the vanishing of the covariant derivative of the metric tensor : As a shorthand notation, the nabla symbol and the partial derivative symbols are frequently dropped, and instead a semicolon and a comma are used to set off the index that is being used for the derivative. Thus, the above is sometimes written as Using that the symbols are symmetric in the lower two indices, one can solve explicitly for the Christoffel symbols as a function of the metric tensor by permuting the indices and resumming: where is the inverse of the matrix , defined as (using the Kronecker delta, and Einstein notation for summation) . Although the Christoffel symbols are written in the same notation as tensors with index notation, they are not tensors, since they do not transform like tensors under a change of coordinates. The Christoffel symbols are most typically defined in a coordinate basis, which is the convention followed here. In other words, the name Christoffel symbols is reserved only for coordinate (i.e., holonomic) frames. However, the connection coefficients can also be defined in an arbitrary (i.e., nonholonomic) basis of tangent vectors by Explicitly, in terms of the metric tensor, this is where are the commutation coefficients of the basis; that is, where are the basis vectors and is the Lie bracket. The standard unit vectors in spherical and cylindrical coordinates furnish an example of a basis with non-vanishing commutation coefficients. The difference between the connection in such a frame, and the Levi-Civita connection is known as the contorsion tensor. When we choose the basis orthonormal: then . This implies that and the connection coefficients become antisymmetric in the first two indices: where In this case, the connection coefficients are called the Ricci rotation coefficients. Equivalently, one can define Ricci rotation coefficients as follows: where is an orthonormal nonholonomic basis and its \"co-basis\". Let and be vector fields with components and . Then the th component of the covariant derivative of with respect to is given by Here, the Einstein notation is used, so repeated indices indicate summation over indices and contraction with",
"furnish an example of a basis with non-vanishing commutation coefficients. The difference between the connection in such a frame, and the Levi-Civita connection is known as the contorsion tensor. When we choose the basis orthonormal: then . This implies that and the connection coefficients become antisymmetric in the first two indices: where In this case, the connection coefficients are called the Ricci rotation coefficients. Equivalently, one can define Ricci rotation coefficients as follows: where is an orthonormal nonholonomic basis and its \"co-basis\". Let and be vector fields with components and . Then the th component of the covariant derivative of with respect to is given by Here, the Einstein notation is used, so repeated indices indicate summation over indices and contraction with the metric tensor serves to raise and lower indices: Keep in mind that and that , the Kronecker delta. The convention is that the metric tensor is the one with the lower indices; the correct way to obtain from is to solve the linear equations . The statement that the connection is torsion-free, namely that is equivalent to the statement that—in a coordinate basis—the Christoffel symbol is symmetric in the lower two indices: The index-less transformation properties of a tensor are given by pullbacks for covariant indices, and pushforwards for contravariant indices. The article on covariant derivatives provides additional discussion of the correspondence between index-free notation and indexed notation. The covariant derivative of a vector field is The covariant derivative of a scalar field is just and the covariant derivative of a covector field is The symmetry of the Christoffel symbol now implies for any scalar field, but in general the covariant derivatives of higher order tensor fields do not commute (see curvature tensor). The covariant derivative of a type (2,0) tensor field is that is, If the tensor field is mixed then its covariant derivative is and if the tensor field is of type then its covariant derivative is To find the contravariant derivative of a vector field, we must first transform it into a covariant derivative using the metric tensor Under a change of variable from to , vectors transform as and so where the overline denotes the Christoffel symbols in the coordinate system. Note that the Christoffel symbol does not transform as a tensor, but rather as an object in the jet bundle. More precisely, the Christoffel symbols can be considered as functions on the jet bundle of the frame bundle of , independent of any local coordinate system. Choosing a local coordinate system determines a local section of this bundle, which can then be used to pull back the Christoffel symbols to functions on , though of course these functions then depend on the choice of local coordinate system. At each point, there exist coordinate systems in which the Christoffel symbols vanish at the point. These are called (geodesic) normal coordinates, and are often used in Riemannian geometry. The Christoffel symbols find frequent use in Einstein's theory of general relativity, where spacetime is represented by a curved 4-dimensional Lorentz manifold with a Levi-Civita connection. The Einstein field equations—which determine the geometry of spacetime in the presence of matter—contain the Ricci tensor, and so calculating the Christoffel symbols is essential. Once the geometry is determined, the paths of particles and light beams are calculated by solving the geodesic equations in which the Christoffel symbols explicitly appear. Christoffel symbols In mathematics and physics,"
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"retrieved": [
"Public holidays in Azerbaijan Holidays in Azerbaijan were regulated in the Constitution of Azerbaijan SSR for the first time on 19 May 1921 by the Azeri leader Nariman Narimanov. Through the history non-working days have changed. Public holidays in Azerbaijan include the following: National days in Azerbaijan that are working days follows: Only the holidays of Ramadan and Qurban remain as non-working religious days in Azerbaijan as the country is highly secular and irreligious. The religious population of the country, mainly in Nardaran and a number of other villages and regions celebrate the Day of Ashura, a Shia mourning day in the Islamic calendar. Religious minorities of the country – mainly Orthodox Christians and Jews - also celebrate notable religious days of their faith. Despite the fact that the holiday Novruz takes its roots from the religion of Zoroastranism, almost all Azerbaijanis celebrates it as a holiday of spring. Public holidays in Azerbaijan Holidays in Azerbaijan were regulated in the Constitution of Azerbaijan SSR for the first time on 19 May 1921 by the Azeri leader Nariman Narimanov. Through the history non-working days have changed. Public holidays in Azerbaijan include the following: National days in Azerbaijan that are working days"
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"Van Antwerp Building The Van Antwerp Building is a high-rise in the U.S. city of Mobile, Alabama. Completed in 1907, the building rises 11 stories and was the first skyscraper in the city. It is regarded as the first reinforced concrete skyscraper in Alabama and the Southeastern United States. In the early 21st century, the structure is the 8th-tallest building in Mobile. The building, an example of Beaux-Arts architecture, was designed by architect George Bigelow Rogers for Garet Van Antwerp, a wealthy Mobile druggist. The tower was built to house his pharmacy store, with other offices on the upper floors. It remained in operation on the building's ground floor until the 1960s. Van Antwerp Building The Van Antwerp Building is a high-rise in the U.S. city of Mobile, Alabama. Completed in 1907, the building rises 11 stories and was the first skyscraper in the city. It is regarded as the first reinforced concrete skyscraper in Alabama and the Southeastern United States. In the early 21st century, the structure is the 8th-tallest building in Mobile. The building, an example of Beaux-Arts architecture, was designed by architect George Bigelow Rogers for Garet Van Antwerp, a wealthy Mobile druggist. The tower was built"
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"Reșița works The Reșița works are two companies, TMK Reșița and UCM Reșița, located in Reșița, in the Banat region of Romania. Founded in 1771 and operating under a single structure until 1948 and then from 1954 to 1962, during the Communist era they were known respectively as the Reșița Steel Works (\"Combinatul Siderurgic Reșița\") and as the Reșița Machine Building Plant (\"Uzina Constructoare de Mașini Reșița\"), the latter renamed in 1973 as the Reșița Machine Building Enterprise (\"Întreprinderea de Construcții de Mașini Reșița\"). They have played a crucial role in the industrial development both of the region and of Romania as a whole, and their evolution has been largely synonymous with that of their host city. The Habsburg Monarchy, which then ruled the Banat, was interested in developing extractive metallurgy in the province, and began building furnaces for iron ore smelting in Reșița in 1769, those at Bocşa proving inadequate for its industrial needs. The works trace their origins to July 3, 1771, when the first furnaces and forges were inaugurated, making it the oldest industrial factory in present-day Romania. At first, metalworking was the focus of activity, but machinery manufacturing gradually gained prominence, becoming the main occupation in the last quarter of the 19th century. For decades, the two complemented each other within the same integrated factory. Until 1855, the works belonged to the Treasury of what had become the Austrian Empire, which exercised control through the Banat Mining Directorate in Oraviţa. By 1815, they were producing cast iron pieces coming directly from the furnaces, rods forged from iron, hoops for cart wheels, tools, nails and utensils for agricultural and home use. In 1855, with the empire facing financial crisis and looking to sell, the works were bought by an international consortium, the Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company (\"K.u.K Oberprivillegierte Staatseisenbahn Gesellschaft\" or St.E.G.). Aside from the Reșița works, this company also owned land and mining, metalworking and railway properties in the Banat and Bohemia, a locomotive factory in Vienna and the concession for building and operating a railway network of some 5,000 km, and was financed by one French and two Austrian banks. A persistent legend holds that in the late 1880s, metal produced at Reșița was sent to France to be used in building the Eiffel Tower. However, there is no documentary evidence to support this claim. Since their opening, the development and fortunes of the works have been deeply entwined with the history of the city itself. An important element of their success was due to their relative self-sufficiency; over time, the works tended to use raw materials and energy sources produced on-site. Following the union with Romania of Transylvania, including the Banat, a 1920 royal decree transformed St.E.G.'s Romanian holdings into the Steel Works and Domains of Reșița (\"Uzinele de Fier și Domeniile Reșița\"; U.D.R. or U.D.R.I.N.) company. A \"workshops directorate\" belonging to the company was built on the left bank of the Bârzava River; this included the machine works, the old industrial platform of today's UCM Reșița, where the first St.E.G. workshops were also built between 1886 and 1891. By surface area, over 90% of the company properties were forests, but they also included iron, coal and copper mines; vineyards; roads; and limestone quarries. Starting in the 1920s, the works had the following divisions: blast furnaces; a coking plant; steelworks; rolling mills; a foundry; a forge; a factory for bridges and metal structures; a factory for mounted wheels; an old machine factory; a factory for petroleum extraction equipment; an armaments factory; a factory for electric machinery; and a locomotives factory with a capacity of 100 units per year. Among the main products generated were steam locomotives, including repairs; mounted wheels, including axles; wheel bandages, metal bridges, railroad switches and other rail equipment; metal frames for buildings and factories; moveable bridges; electric machinery and equipment such as motors, generators and transformers; petroleum extraction equipment, including pumpjacks, couplings, heavy drill bits, pump units, rotary engine parts, crown blocks and gear reducers; and armaments, such as artillery, gun carriages, 75 mm Vickers antitank and antiaircraft guns; coastal artillery; naval mines; and Brandt 60 and 120 mm LR Gun-mortars. In terms of revenue and number of employees, the company was the largest in Romania, with the latter figure reaching 22,892 in 1948. In 1939, following the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, the Nazi regime took over Československá Zbrojovka's one-tenth share in Reșița. Together with other incursions into Romanian industry, this move seriously undermined the attempts of King Carol II to maintain an independent foreign policy. Subsequently, commercial and technical management ended up in the hands of Reichswerke Hermann Göring. In June 1948, the new Communist regime nationalized the company, along with 350 others. For over a year, it kept its former name but was gradually integrated into the new government structure. A decree issued in August 1949 led to its effective disaggregation by the end of the year, and its components were folded into two SovRom joint ventures, \"Sovrommetal\" (the iron extraction division) and \"Sovrom Utilaj Petrolier\" (the machine production division). Thus, for the first time, the Reșița works were divided in two. In September 1954, with the end of the SovRom period, they were reunited into one entity, the Reșița Metallurgical Works (\"Combinatul Metalurgic Reșița\") under the Ministry of Heavy Industry, later the Ministry of Metallurgy and Machine Building. After 1948, although the Reșița works remained the most important heavy industry producers in Romania, they were gradually marginalized as well, with a series of units being shut down: metal structures and bridges (1953-1958); petroleum extraction equipment (1954-1955); railroad switches (1955); transformers, electric equipment and medium-sized electric motors (1957); mounted wheels (1959); moveable bridges and cranes (after 1973); thermal energy equipment such as steam turbines, turbo generators and related devices (1977); and locomotive bogies (1981). At the same time, significant technological advances were incorporated. Among the devices introduced were steam turbines and turbo generators; new air compressors; diesel locomotives and bogies; electrical bushings; hydroelectric units including hydraulic turbines, generators and rotation regulators; Diesel engines for marine propulsion; equipment for the chemical and metallurgical industries; fluid mechanics equipment like hydraulic pumps and large hydraulic servo motors. At the same time, steam locomotives were phased out. During four decades of a planned economy, no significant economic development program on a national scale—including the program to develop the energy supply through thermoelectric and hydroelectric machines and equipment; the nuclear power program; and the programs to develop rail transport, the naval fleet, the metallurgical, mining and chemical industries—was undertaken without a certain degree of involvement from the Reșița works, whether by incorporating or producing machines and equipment. Additionally, their products were exported to nearly forty countries. On April 1, 1962, the works were again split into two separate entities meant to operate in tandem: the Reșița Steel Works (\"Combinatul Siderurgic Reșița\"; CSR) and the Reșița Machine Building Plant (\"Uzina Constructoare de Mașini Reșița\"; UCMR or UCM). The Communist regime fell in 1989, and CSR had begun to decline by 1993. In December 1994, a demonstration of the 6,800 remaining workers and 30,000 Reșița residents brought about investments and new equipment. CSR became a public company in 1996. Its first privatization in 2000,",
"the metallurgical, mining and chemical industries—was undertaken without a certain degree of involvement from the Reșița works, whether by incorporating or producing machines and equipment. Additionally, their products were exported to nearly forty countries. On April 1, 1962, the works were again split into two separate entities meant to operate in tandem: the Reșița Steel Works (\"Combinatul Siderurgic Reșița\"; CSR) and the Reșița Machine Building Plant (\"Uzina Constructoare de Mașini Reșița\"; UCMR or UCM). The Communist regime fell in 1989, and CSR had begun to decline by 1993. In December 1994, a demonstration of the 6,800 remaining workers and 30,000 Reșița residents brought about investments and new equipment. CSR became a public company in 1996. Its first privatization in 2000, undertaken by a government eager to be divested of a debt-ridden entity, was a failure. CSR's takeover by an American company accused of failing to fulfill its promise of improving the plant led to labor unrest. This was exploited by the extremist Greater Romania Party, which took control of regular demonstrations where slogans against joining the European Union and NATO became increasingly commonplace; finally, in June 2001, the government announced it would go to court to scrap the contract because of the nationwide \"economic and social destabilization\" risked by allowing the situation to continue. The process was restarted in 2003, and the following year, the state sold it off. A subsidiary of the Russian firm OAO TMK, it has been known as TMK Reșița since 2006. It produces tubular billets, heavy round profiles and blooms, and started putting out blanks in 2007. By 2011, the number of employees had fallen to 800, from 10,400 in 1990. UCMR was under the control of various ministries, its name being changed in 1973 to Reșița Machine Building Enterprise (\"Întreprinderea de Construcții de Mașini Reșița\"; ICMR). Between 1969 and 1973, it was the hub of Reșița Plants Group (\"Grupul de Uzine Reșița\"), which also included a metal structures plant in Bocşa, a machine plant in Caransebeş, a mechanical plant in Timişoara and an institute for research and planning hydroelectric equipment in Reșița. After the fall of Communism, it regained the UCMR name in 1991, and underwent a privatization process starting in 1993. This concluded in 2003, when the state sold the remainder of its shares. Largely owned by a Swiss company and with some 2500 employees, it is involved with machining operations on machine tools, welding, heat and thermochemical treatments and electroplating. Four industrial elements of the Reșița works are listed as historic monuments: the UCM locomotive factory, and from the CSR, blast furnace #2, the brick factory and the puddling and steam laminating workshop. In addition, two villas belonging to the UCM authorities are listed, as well as a number of those belonging to the UDR leadership. Although blast furnace #1 was demolished, the remaining one, representing the fifth generation of blast furnaces on the same site, was left standing due to its symbolic significance in the city's cultural identity and contribution to the industrial landscape. By the early 1990s, the works had caused serious air, water and soil pollution, making Reșița among the most severely polluted areas of Eastern Europe. Reșița works The Reșița works are two companies, TMK Reșița and UCM Reșița, located in Reșița, in the Banat region of Romania. Founded in 1771 and operating under a single structure until 1948 and then from 1954 to 1962, during the Communist era they were known respectively as the Reșița Steel Works (\"Combinatul Siderurgic Reșița\") and as the Reșița Machine Building Plant (\"Uzina Constructoare de Mașini Reșița\"), the latter renamed in 1973 as the Reșița Machine Building Enterprise (\"Întreprinderea de Construcții de Mașini Reșița\"). They have played a crucial role"
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"Night Time, My Time Night Time, My Time is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Sky Ferreira. It was released on October 29, 2013, by Capitol Records. The album was originally set to be released in 2011, following the singles \"17\", \"One\", and \"Obsession\". However, they became commercial failures and caused her label to postpone the album repeatedly. As a result, many recording sessions were held for the album; some of which went towards two extended plays (EP), \"As If!\" (2011) and \"Ghost\" (2012). The final result includes work from Ferreira and producers including Ariel Rechtshaid, Justin Raisen, and Dan Nigro, which marks a departure from her previously released material. Musically, it is an indie rock and synth-pop album that explores 1980s pop music, 1990s grunge, and various styles of rock, while its lyrics convey themes such as failure, love, and anger. The album cover, shot by film director Gaspar Noé, portrays a topless Ferreira in a shower. \"Night Time, My Time\" received positive reviews from music critics, who praised its sound; it has been recognized by numerous media outlets as one of 2013's best albums. It was a modest success commercially; it debuted on the US \"Billboard\" 200 at number 45 and on the Australian Albums Chart at number 40. \"Night Time, My Time\" was preceded by the digital release of its lead single \"You're Not the One\", accompanied by a music video. Capitol Records also issued \"24 Hours\" and \"Boys\" as free digital promotional singles, and although it was not released as a single, a music video was filmed for the album's title track. After releasing the tracks \"17\", \"One\", and \"Obsession\", Ferreira announced that her debut studio album would be released on January 11, 2011. However, Ferreira's budget was dramatically reduced which led to the cancellation of the record; such release was substituted with the extended play (EP) \"As If!\", which was released on March 22, 2011. In November 2011, Ferreira announced that her debut studio album would be released in 2012, with a lead single planned to precede its release that February. The following month, she revealed that she was currently in the studio, working in her debut album with Jon Brion throughout 2012, and \"possibly\" with Shirley Manson and Greg Kurstin. In early 2012, Ferreira renamed the LP \"Wild at Heart\", and confirmed \"24 Hours\" and \"Swamp Girl\" would be included in it. Another song, entitled \"Lost in My Bedroom\", surfaced online that March. After releasing the music video for the track \"Red Lips\" in June, she stated that she had renamed the record once again, changing its title to \"I'm Not Alright\". The album was also briefly referred to as \"I Will\". Ferreira began working with Ariel Rechtshaid, whom she contacted and met after Rechtshaid had heard \"One\" and subsequently \"liked\" Ferreira's Facebook page. After her single \"Everything Is Embarrassing\" unexpectedly became popular on indie-oriented music blogs, Ferreira released another EP, \"Ghost\", on October 16, 2012. In early 2013, Ferreira intended to release an album composed of a mixture of tracks she had written and recorded with Brion and those she had written and recorded with Rechtshaid. After the album experienced more delays, Ferreira decided to keep recording with Rechtshaid and co-producer Justin Raisen in order to make the album more cohesive in sound, dropping the Brion-produced tracks from the record. After her record label refused to fund the album's recording sessions any further, Ferreira did so herself, with money she had earned from her modeling career to cover the costs of recording and equipment for these sessions. A majority of the album's content was completely recorded, mixed, and mastered in just a few weeks during August 2013. On August 29, 2013, Ferreira posted a photograph on her Facebook page indicating that the record was complete. \"Night Time, My Time\" is an indie rock and synth-pop album, exploring different musical styles of those heard on Ferreira's second EP \"Ghost\" (2012). While the latter had a more \"relaxed\" sonic atmosphere—featuring electropop, synth-pop and acoustic styles—the album incorporates 1980s pop and 1990s grunge, while also drawing inspiration from 1970s art rock and 1980s psychedelic rock, new wave, and post-punk. The songs occasionally include guitars and \"hard-hitting\", as on \"I Will\" and \"You're Not the One\"; however, the album incorporates diverse music genres, including new wave on \"Love in Stereo\" and \"24 Hours\", and ska on \"Kristine\". Amongst other elements in the album's songs, are arcade game samples. The atmosphere of the album was said to evoke records of Best Coast, Garbage, and Siouxsie and the Banshees with \"distorted tracks\". Ferreira, who mostly sings in a low register, explores a multitude of lyrical themes. A prominent one is failure, provoqued by record label manipulation and oppression. Ferreira stated that the record was her try at getting the listeners to \"know [her]\", and further said that in the record, she felt like herself and that she had control over such lyricism. However, another scope of themes is present on the record, such as love and inconstant relationships and feminism. Her personality is reflected through a ray of states of spirit—frustration and anger are contrasted with vulnerability, \"redemption\" and self-confidence. \"Night Time, My Time\" was named after lines spoken by Laura Palmer in the film \"\" (1992). The artwork for \"Night Time, My Time\" was photographed by Argentine director Gaspar Noé at Hotel Amour in Paris, and was unveiled by Ferreira on October 10, 2013. It depicts the close-up of a topless Ferreira, whose left breast is exposed and is wearing a cross necklace, inside of a green-tiled shower. She originally considered using another picture for the album artwork, and was additionally encouraged by Capitol Records to choose an older photograph where she was seen with \"long blonde hair [...] sitting on a bed looking cute [...] in a black dress looking pretty\". Ferreira ultimately selected the topless image because she felt it more accurately reflected the nature of the record. \"Night Time, My Time\" was released as a digital download through the iTunes Store in the United States on October 29, 2013, where it was exclusively available until November 5, 2013. It was additionally made available for pre-order on CD and LP formats, although Ferreira publicly criticized Capitol Records when they were unavailable for its initial release and announced that she would self-fund the creation of vinyl versions. Following the launch of her third extended play \"\" in November, her MyPlayDirect store began selling bundles that included a green translucent vinyl pressing, a compact disc, a digital download, and a poster of the album artwork. Ferreira announced that the pre-ordered copies of \"Night Time, My Time\" were shipped on November 27, while Capitol Records released their own vinyl versions of the record on January 28, 2014. A limited edition that included Ferreira's second extended play \"Ghost\" (2012) was also released. \"You're Not the One\" was released as the lead single from \"Night Time, My Time\" on September 24, 2013. Its music video, paying visual homage to 1983 film \"The Hunger\" and set in a high-fashion nightclub, was released on the same day. On November 25, 2013, Ferreira appeared on the program \"Late Show with David Letterman\", where she performed the single. \"24 Hours\" was released as a free promotional single on the same day of the album's release. A music video for the album's title track, directed by Grant Singer and released on November 27, 2013, sees Ferreira wearing a variety of wigs and lingerie. Natasha Stagg of \"V\" wrote that, in the video, Ferreira \"embraces the title she's been deemed by dressing in provocatively infantile accessories\" and \"cleverly [delivers] the junkie role back in her detractors' faces.\" \"Consequence of Sound\" named the video among the best of 2013. Though not a single,",
"video, paying visual homage to 1983 film \"The Hunger\" and set in a high-fashion nightclub, was released on the same day. On November 25, 2013, Ferreira appeared on the program \"Late Show with David Letterman\", where she performed the single. \"24 Hours\" was released as a free promotional single on the same day of the album's release. A music video for the album's title track, directed by Grant Singer and released on November 27, 2013, sees Ferreira wearing a variety of wigs and lingerie. Natasha Stagg of \"V\" wrote that, in the video, Ferreira \"embraces the title she's been deemed by dressing in provocatively infantile accessories\" and \"cleverly [delivers] the junkie role back in her detractors' faces.\" \"Consequence of Sound\" named the video among the best of 2013. Though not a single, on December 19, 2014, \"Omanko\" received a music video, directed by Ferreira's then-boyfriend, DIIV frontman Zachary Cole Smith, consisting of \"silly homemade videos of Ferreira spliced with footage of her onstage performances\" in a lo-fi quality. The video was later taken off of YouTube by a copyright claim from Universal Music Group. Prior to the album release, US tour dates featuring Ferreira alongside Vampire Weekend and Smith Westerns were revealed. Due to a vocal injury, Ferreira canceled the tour with three shows remaining. On November 25, 2013, a live concert with Ferreira was held at Rough Trade New York, followed by a signing session. The attendance could purchase the original LP along with its \"Night Time, My Time: B-sides Part I\" EP. In addition to serving as an opening act for several dates of Miley Cyrus's worldwide Bangerz Tour, Ferreira also promoted the record at one-off headlining shows and festival appearances throughout 2014, punctuated by a five-date run of West Coast shows in November. \"Night Time, My Time\" received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 79, based on 30 reviews. Writing for AllMusic, Heather Phares complimented the record for being \"consistently good\", and elaborated that Ferreira successfully blended \"her teen pop past with her current interest in indie rock in surprising, creative, and always catchy ways\". Annie Zaleski from \"The A.V. Club\" commented that it seemed \"like the first release on which Ferreira is truly engaged with the music she's creating\", and placed particular praise towards her success in \"portraying [herself] as a complex person who's successfully discovered her own voice.\" Lauren Martin from \"Fact\" appreciated that Ferreira \"[tells] personal tales of familiar issues of love, heartbreak and identity in refreshed and engaging ways\", which she elaborated was her personal \"highlight\" from the record. Carrie Battan from \"Pitchfork\" stated that \"Night Time, My Time\" was \"one of the most pleasingly conventional and cohesive pieces of pop-rock to come along this year\" for integrating \"80s pop sparkle and full-bodied 90s grunge in a streamlined way.\" Writing for \"PopMatters\", Elias Leight felt that the fact that \"Night Time, My Time\" \"[came] out half a lifetime after she started trying to make music\" exemplified a \"survive and stay\" philosophy; he suggested that said dedication would provide Ferreira with career longevity. Kevin Leidel from \"Slant Magazine\" commented that the record had the potential of becoming the \"gaunt, darkly painted neurosis\" that would successfully \"combat popular music's deluge of silly and crude self-affirmations.\" Jordan Sargent from \"Spin\" enjoyed seeing Ferreira confidently and comfortably \"reveling in the swirling cacophony that is her sound and her life.\" Referencing its frequent delays, Lavanya Ramanthan from \"The Washington Post\" opined that \"Night Time, My Time\" \"[normalized] the singer\" and \"might even have listeners rooting for her.\" However, Stacey Anderson from \"Rolling Stone\" offered a more mixed review of \"Night Time, My Time\"; she criticized it for \"[sounding] like a soundtrack for \"The Breakfast Club\" remake playing in her head.\" Samuel Tolzmann from the Pretty Much Amazing felt that the quality of the record dropped off from \"Omanko\" through the remainder of the album. Benji Taylor of \"Clash\" panned the album as cheap theatrics masquerading as inspired art\". Several media publications recognized \"Night Time, My Time\" as one of the best albums of 2013. The staff from Idolator listed the record as their favorite record of the year, writing that the project \"is not only a defining (long awaited) first statement, but a defying, perfectly imperfect middle finger in the air.\" It was additionally placed as the second best album by \"Dazed\" and \"Fact\", and the sixth best record by \"The New York Times\" and Stereogum. The staff from Popjustice ranked \"Night Time, My Time\" as the ninth best album of 2013, simply commenting that \"she did it.\" \"Pitchfork\" described the project as \"blown-speaker, smeared-lipstick pop—would-be radio hits with that last topcoat of paint left incomplete\", and acknowledged it as the 15th best record. \"Rolling Stone\", \"Complex\", and \"The Guardian\" respectively placed the album as the 21st, 25th, and 27th best record of 2013. \"Consequence of Sound\" listed \"Night Time, My Time\" as the 49th best album of the year, adding that \"if teens are digging \"Night Time, My Time\", they're only a few steps removed from Suicide, Bauhaus, Siouxsie and the Banshees, and Blondie.\" Although its rank was not specified, NPR and \"The New Yorker\" recognized the record as among the best of the year. In 2014, \"Pitchfork\" and \"Fact\" both named the album among the 100 best of the decade up to that point. \"Night Time, My Time\" debuted at number 45 on the US \"Billboard\" 200, on the strength of digital downloads from its exclusive first-week release through the iTunes Store. In doing so, it became her highest-charting record in the country; by comparison, her second extended play \"Ghost\" (2012) reached number eight on the \"Billboard\" Heatseekers Albums chart. As of November 2014, the album had sold 39,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan. In Australia, \"Night Time, My Time\" peaked at number 40 on the ARIA Albums Chart. The album debuted at number 73 on the UK Albums Chart, selling 1,337 copies in its first week. Notes Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Night Time, My Time\". Musicians Technical Artwork Night Time, My Time: B-Sides Part 1 is the third extended play (EP) by American singer and songwriter Sky Ferreira. It was released on November 25, 2013, by Capitol Records. It includes three previously unreleased tracks, in addition to the original version and the Unknown Mortal Orchestra remix of her earlier single \"Everything Is Embarrassing\" from her second extended play \"Ghost\" (2012). Notes Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Night Time, My Time: B-Sides Part 1\". Night Time, My Time Night Time, My Time is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Sky Ferreira. It was released on October"
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"Reform (religion) A religious reform (from Latin \"re\": back, again, and \"formare\": to form; i.e. put together: \"to restore, reconstruct, or rebuild\") aims at the reform of religious teachings. It is not to be confused with an organizational reform of a religious community, though mostly this is a consequence of a reform of religious teachings. Religious reforms are performed when a religious community reaches the conclusion that it deviated from its - assumed - true faith. Mostly religious reforms are started by parts of a religious community and meet resistance in other parts of the same religious community. Religious reforms usually lead to a reformulation of the religious teachings held for true, and to the condemnation resp. rejection of teachings held for wrong. Mostly the deviation from the assumed true faith which gives reason for a religious reform crept in over a longer period of time, sometimes over centuries. A religious reform is always a reorientation at the historical beginnings of a religion (therefore: \"re-formare\", reconstruct) under the perspective of the present time and with the knowledge of the present time. A typical example for deviations from an assumed true faith are social changes within society which lead a loss purpose for ethical prescriptions, so they have to be replaced by other ethical prescriptions in order to protect the underlying, unchanged value for the future. Another typical example is the factual falsification of traditional views, e.g. by better insights into historical events or into natural science, by which the traditional views are falsified. The eternally continuing change of society and the progress of human knowledge are the reasons why a \"final\" reform of religious teachings is not possible. Religious teachings have to be reformed again and again. This realization was formulated in a concise sentence by Karl Barth in 1947: \"Ecclesia semper reformanda est\", i.e. \"The church is always to be reformed.\" Religious reforms do not aim at an adjustment to the spirit of the time in the first place, yet they naturally bring about certain adjustments to the present time, since the religious tradition is reconsidered and reformed under the perspective of the present time and with the knowledge of the present time. A full adjustment of a religious teaching to the spirit of the present time cannot be expected from a credible religious reform. Religious reforms which do not aim at the reestablishment of an assumed true faith in the first place, yet at a mere adjustment of religious teaching to the spirit of the time without respect to an assumed true faith are no religious reforms, strictly speaking. Their purpose is questionable since those reforms are not based on the faith of the believers. Reforms of this nature are often based on compulsion and are usually not long-lasting but are reversed in the next generations. An example is the attempt of the Roman emperor Julian the Apostate to restore paganism as state religion. The opponents of justified religious reforms are called traditionalists, their ideology is traditionalism. The adherents of reforms to adjust to the spirit of the time in the first place without respect for an assumed true faith are called modernists, their ideology is modernism. Both concepts were coined by Christian-Catholic historical developments, yet today they are applied to all religions. Reform (religion) A religious reform (from Latin \"re\": back, again, and \"formare\": to form; i.e. put together: \"to restore, reconstruct, or rebuild\") aims at the reform of religious teachings. It is not to be confused with an organizational reform of a religious community, though mostly this is a consequence of a reform of religious teachings."
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"Ferizaj Ferizaj (), or Uroševac (; old name: Ferizović (Феризовић)), is a city and municipality located in the Ferizaj District of Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, the city has 42,628 inhabitants, while the municipality has 108,610 inhabitants. The city has been populated since the prehistoric era by the Starčevo, Vinča and Baden culture. During the Ottoman period, Ferizaj served as a trading center on the route between Belgrade and Thessaloniki. Ferizaj has always been considered as a city where tolerance and coexistence in terms of religion and culture has been part of the society in the last centuries. In 1999, a base of the United States Army was established in the City. It is the largest and the most expensive foreign military base built by the Americans in South Eastern Europe, since the Vietnam War. Ferizaj is located in the south-eastern part of Kosovo, about halfway between the cities of Pristina and Skopje, Macedonia. It is some 230 kilometres north-east of Tirana, 55 kilometres north of Skopje, 300 kilometres west of Sofia, 35 kilometres south of Pristina and 300 kilometres east of Podgorica. Ferizaj is also famous for a geographic phenomenon known as river bifurcation. The Nerodimka river is divided in two branches and they end up on two different seas. Ferizaj is located in the south-eastern part of Kosovo, about halfway between the cities of Pristina and Skopje, Macedonia. It is some 230 kilometres north-east of Tirana, 55 kilometres north of Skopje, 300 kilometres west of Sofia, 35 kilometres south of Pristina and 300 kilometres east of Podgorica. The town, was named Ferızovık when it was part of the Ottoman Empire, was little more than a village until 1873, when the Belgrade-Thessaloniki railway was opened, passing through the town. The name derives from a pre-1873 hotel owned by a local named Feriz Shasivari. The oldest ethno-cultural group who lived in the 6th and 5th millenniums BC in the territory of Kosovo was the Starčevo culture. Members of this group constructed their homes near rivers and the river terraces. They made their homes of willows and mud, while their main profession was plowing and farming. Another group, which took the place of Starčevo culture, is the Vinča culture. These population shifts were made around 4300 BC. The newcomers also built their habitats near rivers. These habitats were unfortified, with dense rows of willows and mud houses. Remnants of their material culture, mostly different forms of ceramic vessels and the large numbers of baked clay figures, testify on higher cultural level. After Starčevo and Vinča, the Bubanj-Hum culture followed. This cultural group expanded from the east, from the territory of today's Bulgaria. When carriers of this ethno-cultural group reached the region before the end of the 6th millennium BC, they destroyed Vinča habitats. Remnants of their material culture have not survived. After Bubanj-Hum, the Baden culture arrived from the Danube, representing its southernmost influence in Kosovo. Baden culture ended before the end of the 3rd millennium BC. Starting from the 8th century BC and then during the next centuries, until the Roman conquest, can transmit continuously development of a new culture in the region, the Dardanian tribe. The Dardanian burned their dead and bury their remnants in tumuli tombs. In the city, two necropolis have been found, one in the locality of Kuline near the railway station in Gërlicë, the other in region of Mollopolc, along the Ferizaj-Shtime road. Around 280 BC some episodes from the life of Dardania reaches historical records as a political community ruled by a king. Most of the information on the Dardanians are about their wars against the Macedons. The first contact between the Dardania and the Romans came in 200 BC when they offered military assistance in the fight against Macedonia. In 96 BC the Roman Emperor Sulla subdued the Dardani. Numerous Roman settlements were established across the valley, on the old lake terraces. These settlements also accompanied a road network; connecting cities such as Ulpiana and Skopje, which was part of the important road connecting Macedonia to Dalmatia, passing across Ferizaj and the gorge of Kaçanik. A part of the road was discovered on the river bed of the Lepenac, one near the village of Doganaj, the other near the village of Reka. Its suburb at the time, it has been of great importance for traffic. Thence passing one of the most important roads, which lead from the north from Slovenia and Croatia through Sarajevo, to Vučitrn, Pristina, Lipljan and passed through the present Ferizaj to Skopje in the south. With this main northern line traffic crucified Shkodër to Prizren road. In the library of St Mark Basilica in Venice, there was found a manuscript of an anonymous traveler, from 1559 to 1560, registered with Latin Anonimo sign a \"Costatinopoli viaggio da Venezia\". During the continental trip from Venice to Istanbul this marked: \"On July 3 set off and came to a place named Villa Negra (from Italy. Carralevë) ... The valley is surrounded on all sides by hills.\" This further writes that reached Sopotnice village that comes to today's village with the same name that is located near Kaçanik. Then he writes that continued on that path and arrived in Skopje on July 5. Kosovo province becomes the center of a comprehensive activity, the suburb of Ferizaj, with cities and capitals in the then Nerodimë e Poshtme, Štimlje and others except Prizren and Pristina remain for a long time the main center of political, economic and cultural of that time. In the 1455 census, by the Turkish authorities in the province of Brankovic, most villages belonging to the municipality of Ferizaj, then belonging to the province of Morava, 646 villages of this province villages of Ferizaj were larger than others. According to sources about 90% of the population were of Slavic origin, 10% Albanians, Vlachs, Greeks, and Bulgarians. Agriculture was the basic source of income in these villages, including other associated activities like crafts rural economy where distinguish: blacksmiths, potter, masters of lime, furrier, ranchers, and priests and monks. After the Austrian-Turkish wars of the late 17th century and the first half of the 18th century, major ethnic changes occur and begins the rapid Islamization from Ottoman Empire. Until the construction of the railway from Skopje to Mitrovica, according to Turkish sources they didn't found a residence called Feriz-Bey \"(Ferizaj)\". At the beginning it was called \"Tasjon\" by surrounding villagers by the Turkish pronunciation of French word \"Station\", but the name Ferizaj is obtained by Feriz Shasivari. Its rapid development starts with construction of the railway station and within a short period become the city with inns, warehouses, and permanent market. Traffic, traders of Kosovo from Prizren to Shkodër, which at that time was by caravan, was mainly diverted toward Thessaloniki. Exporting raw materials especially that of cereals went through Ferizaj and through aligned foreign goods turnover came from Thessaloniki and Skopje. This was the reason that Ferizaj for a period of thirty years become the city with about 400 houses and 200 shops. Most of the population work in trade, crafts and other activities related to trade. During this period, the opening of the colonial shops, craft workshops so accelerated development of the city enough that some passengers of the 20th century describing how the city at that time resembled and at that time the city had more stores than houses. The beginning of the First World War separated between Serbia and Montenegro, and because both where involved directly from the beginning of the War, also Kosovo was covered from the fightings. In October 1915, Bulgaria entered into the war and it had military developments in Ferizaj area that was part of the main artery connecting Kumanovo and Skopje with Kosovo.The city had served as a stopping point for",
"the city with about 400 houses and 200 shops. Most of the population work in trade, crafts and other activities related to trade. During this period, the opening of the colonial shops, craft workshops so accelerated development of the city enough that some passengers of the 20th century describing how the city at that time resembled and at that time the city had more stores than houses. The beginning of the First World War separated between Serbia and Montenegro, and because both where involved directly from the beginning of the War, also Kosovo was covered from the fightings. In October 1915, Bulgaria entered into the war and it had military developments in Ferizaj area that was part of the main artery connecting Kumanovo and Skopje with Kosovo.The city had served as a stopping point for the penetration from the Kaçanik Gorge for the Bulgarians. The Serb resistance ended on November 25 in 1915, when it was conquered by the Bulgarian Army, which was facilitated by Albanians in hopes that the situation will change and the hard situation will be over. On 1 April 1916 Ferizaj was left Bulgaria as a station key, but the possibility of using the railway was given in use also to the Austro - Hungarian command for the railway line Prizren - Ferizaj - Albania. When the settlement fell to Serbia during the First Balkan War, the local Albanian population offered determined resistance. According to certain reports, fighting lasted for three days. The Serbian commander then ordered the population to go home and to surrender. When the survivors returned, 300–400 men were executed and according to the Catholic Archbishop of Skopje, Lazër Mjeda, only three Muslim Albanians over the age of fifteen were left alive. The destruction of Albanian-populated villages around Ferizovik followed. Before the Treaty of London in 1913 made Ferizovik a part of the Kingdom of Serbia, the name was changed to Uroševac, after Stefan Uroš V of Serbia. The early period of the Second World War, had a positive impact for residents of Ferizaj for not realizing the Convention of 1938, which was signed between Yugoslavia and Turkey for the resettlement of Albanians in Turkey, and that included the massive resettlement of the residents of the District of Nerodime. Under this convention, this migration was to be realized in the period from 1939 until 1944. But the attack led of Italy to Albania that it had not been realized. With the invasion of Albanian lands by Italians and Germans, the Italian troops were deployed in Ferizaj, because it was found an auxiliary army airport of the Kingdom of Serbia, which served for descenting for the Italian military aircraft. In 1941, the Communist Party's leading bodies of Ferizaj were committed that the more residents to join the National Liberation Movement, the end of this year in Ferizaj were already established groups of illegal armed before. With the capitulation of Italy, the country was occupied by Germany, where the behavior of the German occupation was favorable in comparison with the Italians against the Albanian population. Even after the German invasion the National Liberation Movement was strengthened even further to 1943 when the arrest and deportation of all participants began. This movement resulted in the liberation of the country and eventually came to the liberation of the city on December 2, 1944. After the liberation of the city before the National Liberation Movement stood two tasks: release and protect throughout the territory and rebuild the economy of the country. The city suffered some damage during the 1999 Kosovo War, with some of its Albanian-populated neighborhoods being shelled and burned by the Yugoslav Army. Following the war, the city has seen serious inter-communal unrest, which has resulted in almost all of the Serbians, and other non-Albanian inhabitants, either being expelled or fleeing. The Serbian churches of St. Nicholas and St. Stephen were destroyed in 1999. Camp Bondsteel, the main base of the United States Army detachment to the KFOR peacekeeping force in Kosovo, is located nearby. The camp was established immediately after the war. The camp is quite large: 955 acres or 360,000 square meters. Bondsteel is located on rolling hills and farmland near the city of Ferizaj. The camp was established immediately after the war. Bondsteel is located on rolling hills and farmland near the city of Ferizaj. The US company Brown & Root, involved in building Camp Bondsteel, employs 1,500 people locally. Most of the twenty-two publicly owned enterprises have been privatized. According to Ministry of Trade and Industry statistics, more than 10,500 private small and medium-sized businesses registered in the municipality. As there is no reliable data, it is not known how many individuals are employed in the private sector. According to the last official census done in 2011, the city of Ferizaj has 108,610 inhabitants. There are 39 primary schools in the municipality and 20,492 students. Eight secondary schools include gymnasium and professional schools (technical, medical, music, agricultural and economics) with 6,127 students in total. The school attendance of the Ashkali, Roma and Gorani children is lower than the Kosovo Albanians. There is also one kindergarten with a total of 270 children registered. The Municipal Department of Education and Science has more than 1,680 professional and support staff, including 10 minority communities representatives. The city has one public library, where students also have internet access. Membership prices are reasonable. The Big Mosque of Mulla Veseli built in 1891, and the St. Uroš Orthodox Cathedral in the centre of Ferizaj are considered symbolic of religious tolerance between Muslim Albanians and Christian Serbs. Because the mosque and the church are next to one another, many people like to take photos of them. The mosque was destroyed during World War II, but then rebuilt. During the Kosovo War in 1999 neither were destroyed, but in March 2004 during unrest in Kosovo, the church was attacked. The development of art and culture in Kosovo is closely related to the cultural and artistic society (CAS). The composer Lorenc Antoni lived in Ferizaj in the early 40s, and the composer Venqenc Gjini from Ferizaj has also made many contributions to culture and is respected countrywide, especially for his creative idioms inspired by the popular fountain. Ferizaj is also famous for its Ensamble of Song and Dance \"Kastriotët\", which was founded in 1967. Three football clubs are situated in Ferizaj: KF Ferizaj, KF Çeliku and KF Vizioni. Ferizaj is center for sports except for handball; it has one team in the top league – KH Kastrioti. Handball and volleyball are clearly the most famous sports of the city. The succesesses of the Ferizaj handball team in the Yugoslavian league are still a pride for its citizens. There are three TV stations and four radio stations licensed and operational in Ferizaj. All the local media are privately owned: RTV Tema, TV Liria, RTV Festina, Radio Ferizaj and Radio Furtuna. A church foundation was unearthed in the Nikadin village, believed to date to the 5th or 6th century. There are remains of bricks and tiling from the Roman era and, most notably, a sarcophagus which was located below the floor. A neolithic site is located 2 km from Ferizaj, in the Varosh village. It includes ceramic fragments, the majority of which are of the Starčevo culture and Vinča culture. It is believed that the site was a settlement in the Roman era. In 2008, a Neolithic site was discovered in the Zllatar village. There are indications it was used in the Mesolithic age, as well as more recent periods. It includes flint, stone tools, and ceramics. Ruins of a Roman-era church were discovered at Komogllava. It is believed to have been built in the 1st century BC, then rebuilt in the Byzantine era. The locality includes remnants of ancient urbanized streets, sewage, and other infrastructure.",
"are remains of bricks and tiling from the Roman era and, most notably, a sarcophagus which was located below the floor. A neolithic site is located 2 km from Ferizaj, in the Varosh village. It includes ceramic fragments, the majority of which are of the Starčevo culture and Vinča culture. It is believed that the site was a settlement in the Roman era. In 2008, a Neolithic site was discovered in the Zllatar village. There are indications it was used in the Mesolithic age, as well as more recent periods. It includes flint, stone tools, and ceramics. Ruins of a Roman-era church were discovered at Komogllava. It is believed to have been built in the 1st century BC, then rebuilt in the Byzantine era. The locality includes remnants of ancient urbanized streets, sewage, and other infrastructure. Vases, ceramic pots, coins, jewellery, items of iron and other carbonaceous substances, but also characteristic stone, believed to have been moved from coastal areas to build the sarcophagus and other items. The exact figure for the municipality's population can only be estimated, as the most recent census took place in 1991. However, in 2015 municipal authorities estimated the population at 108,610. The majority, roughly 100,000, are Kosovo Albanians. The others were: Ashkali (3,500), Roma (200), Gorani (150), Bosniak (60), and other communities (40), including Turks. The city had a population of about 70,000 people in the 1990s but it has grown substantially because of Albanian migration from the countryside and from parts of southern Serbia. In 1998, before the Kosovo War in 1999, the population was recorded as 57,421, of whom 82.1% were Albanian, 9.4% Serb, and the remainder from various other national communities. In 2003 the town had a total population of 139,800. Notes: Ferizaj Ferizaj (), or Uroševac (; old name: Ferizović (Феризовић)), is a city and municipality located in the Ferizaj District of Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, the city has 42,628 inhabitants, while the municipality has 108,610 inhabitants. The city has been populated since the prehistoric era by the Starčevo, Vinča and Baden culture. During the Ottoman period, Ferizaj served as a trading center on the route between Belgrade and Thessaloniki. Ferizaj has always been considered as a city"
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"Arthur J. Bressan Jr. Arthur J. Bressan Jr. (1943–1987) was an American filmmaker. Although the bulk of his output was in the gay pornography genre, he also wrote and directed \"Buddies\". Released in 1985, \"Buddies\" was the first American feature film on the subject of the AIDS pandemic. Other films included \"Gay USA\" (1978), an early documentary film about the burgeoning gay rights movement in America that came at a time when that movement was facing backlash from such people as Anita Bryant; and \"Abuse\" (1983), a dramatic film about a young effeminate boy who seeks out an older gay man to escape his parents, who torture him in their home. Copies of \"Abuse\" and \"Buddies\" are held by the Hormel Center at the San Francisco Public Library as part of a collection donated by the Frameline Film Festival. Bressan died of an AIDS-related illness on July 28, 1987. Arthur J. Bressan Jr. Arthur J. Bressan Jr. (1943–1987) was an American filmmaker. Although the bulk of his output was in the gay pornography genre, he also wrote and directed \"Buddies\". Released in 1985, \"Buddies\" was the first American feature film on the subject of the AIDS pandemic. Other films included"
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"Raymond, Maine Raymond is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,436 at the 2010 census. It is a summer recreation area and is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area. Raymond Neck is the landing for the ferry to the town of Frye Island in Sebago Lake. The Raymond school system is currently affiliated with the Windham school system in a district known as RSU 14. Raymondtown Plantation was granted in 1767 by the Massachusetts General Court to the descendants of Captain William Raymond of Beverly, Massachusetts, and his militia. It was the second attempt to repay the troop (or heirs) for service under Governor Sir William Phipps during the Battle of Quebec in 1690. A township had been awarded them in 1735 called Beverly-Canada (now Weare, New Hampshire), but in 1741 descendants of John Mason proved a prior claim. The township at Sebago Lake was given to the Beverly Proprietors as compensation. It was first settled in 1770 by Captain Joseph Dingley and Dominicus Jordan of Cape Elizabeth, although most families arrived after the Revolutionary War. It was on the stage route to Bridgton. On June 21, 1803, the Raymondtown Plantation was incorporated as Raymond, named in honor of Captain Raymond. In 1829, land was annexed to help form the new town of Naples, and in 1841, Casco was set off and incorporated as a town. The town provided agriculture and lumber products for Portland and other cities. Panther Run, which drains Panther Pond, provided water power for industry. Raymond village grew near the mills, which included a gristmill, sawmill, plaster mill, a stave factory and a children's sled factory. From about 1812 until 1825, Nathaniel Hawthorne lived in Raymond with his siblings and widowed mother. His later writings would reminisce about his boyhood hiking in the woods or fishing in the lake. Automobile tourists discovered Raymond after designation of the Theodore Roosevelt International Highway in 1919 (identified as United States Route 302 since 1935). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which, of it is land and is water. Raymond village is located at the head of Jordan Bay on Sebago Lake. The town is crossed by U.S. Route 302 and state routes 85 and 121. It is bordered by Gray and Windham to the southeast, Casco to the northwest, and New Gloucester and Poland to the northeast. Frye Island is to the south in Sebago Lake. As of the census of 2010, there were 4,436 people, 1,773 households, and 1,289 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 2,852 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.2% White, 0.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population. There were 1,773 households of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.3% were non-families. 19.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the town was 44.6 years. 22% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.9% were from 25 to 44; 36% were from 45 to 64; and 13.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.9% male and 51.1% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 4,299 people, 1,616 households, and 1,255 families residing in the town. The population density was 129.3 people per square mile (49.9/km). There were 2,534 housing units at an average density of 76.2 per square mile (29.4/km). The racial makeup of the town was 98.39% White, 0.40% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.07% from other races, and 0.56% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.60% of the population. There were 1,616 households of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.7% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.3% were non-families. 15.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 2.96. In the town, the population was spread out with 26.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males. The median income for a household in the town was $52,224, and the median income for a family was $56,118. Males had a median income of $35,962 versus $30,662 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,193. About 3.4% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over. Raymond, Maine Raymond is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,436 at the 2010 census. It is a summer recreation area and is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area. Raymond Neck is the landing for the ferry to the town of Frye Island in Sebago Lake. The Raymond school system is currently affiliated with the Windham school system in a district known as RSU 14. Raymondtown"
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"German Reference Corpus The German Reference Corpus (original: Deutsches Referenzkorpus; short: DeReKo) is an electronic archive of text corpora of contemporary written German. It was first created in 1964 and is hosted at the Institute for the German Language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany. The corpus archive is continuously updated and expanded. It currently comprises more than 4.0 billion word tokens (as of August 2010) and constitutes the largest linguistically motivated collection of contemporary German texts. Today, it is one of the major resources worldwide for the study of written German. The German Reference Corpus is often referred to by other names, such as \"Mannheim corpora\", \"IDS corpora\", \"COSMAS corpora\" and the corresponding German translations. The name \"Deutsches Referenzkorpus (DeReKo)\" was originally used for a specific portion of the current archive which was collected between 1999 and 2002 by a number of institutions in a joint project under the same name. Since 2004, \"Deutsches Referenzkorpus (DeReKo)\" is the official name of the full corpus archive. The German Reference Corpus comprises fictional and academic texts, a large number of newspaper texts and several other text types. The texts cover the time range from around 1950 to the present. In contrast to other well-known corpora and corpus archives (such as the British National Corpus), however, the German Reference Corpus is explicitly not designed as a \"balanced corpus\": The distribution of DeReKo texts across time or text types does not match some predefined percentages. This conception complies with the fact that whether or not a given corpus constitutes a balanced or even representative language sample may only be assessed with respect to a specific language domain (i.e., the statistical population). Because different linguistic investigations generally aim at different language domains, the declared purpose of the German Reference Corpus is to serve as a versatile superordinate sample, or \"primordial sample\" (German: \"Ur-Stichprobe\") of contemporary written German, from which corpus users may draw a specialised subsample (a so-called \"virtual corpus\") to represent the language domain they wish to investigate. Due to copyright and licence restrictions, the DeReKo archive may not be copied nor offered for download. It can be queried and analyzed free of charge via the system \"COSMAS II\" - end-users are required to register by name and to agree to use the corpus data exclusively for non-commercial, academic purposes. \"COSMAS II\" enables users to compile from DeReKo a \"virtual corpus\" suitable for their specific research questions. German Reference Corpus The German Reference Corpus (original: Deutsches Referenzkorpus; short: DeReKo) is an electronic archive of text corpora of contemporary written German. It was first created in 1964 and is hosted at the Institute for the German Language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany. The corpus archive is continuously updated and expanded. It currently comprises more than 4.0 billion word tokens (as of August 2010) and constitutes the largest linguistically motivated collection of contemporary German texts. Today, it is one of the major resources worldwide for the study of written German. The German Reference Corpus is often referred to"
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"National Archives Building The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, is the original headquarters of the National Archives and Records Administration. It is located north of the National Mall at 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C.. The Rotunda entrance is on Constitution Avenue, while the research entrance is on Pennsylvania Avenue. A second larger facility, known as \"Archives II\" (or simply as \"A2\"), is located in College Park, Maryland. The National Archives building holds the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. These are displayed to the public in the main chamber of the National Archives, which is called the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom. The building hosts additional important American historical items, including the Articles of Confederation, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, the Emancipation Proclamation, and collections of photography and other historically and culturally significant American artifacts. An original version of the 1297 Magna Carta confirmed by Edward I is an internationally historical document also on display. Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. Photography is not permitted in the National Archives Museum. Photography with natural light is permitted in research rooms. From its founding, the U.S. federal government has documented its policies and decisions, but for almost 150 years it had virtually no method or place to safeguard historically important records. During those years, officials occasionally decried federal neglect, or too often, fires destroyed important documents, reinforcing the need for an archives. By the end of the 19th century, a few architects had even submitted plans to the government for an archives or a hall of records. By the early 20th century an organized effort aimed at creating the National Archives began, but not until 1926 did Congress finally approve the National Archives Building. That year, Congress authorized construction of the National Archives Building as part of a massive public buildings program designed to beautify the center of Washington, DC, and provide office space for the growing federal bureaucracy. This program led to the design and construction of buildings within the Federal Triangle. Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon gave the responsibility for designing the Triangle grouping to a Board of Architectural Consultants. Louis A. Simon, the Supervisory Architect of the Treasury Department, drafted a preliminary design for the Archives, placing it along Pennsylvania Avenue between 9th and 10th Streets, NW. In late 1927, preliminary drawings of the individual Triangle buildings were incorporated into a formal presentation of the entire project. The drawings became the basis for a three-dimensional scale model that was publicly unveiled in April 1929. The next month, after examining the model, the Commission of Fine Arts was highly critical of Simon's design for an archives. Commissioners suggested that the noted architect John Russell Pope be added to the Board of Architectural Consultants and that he design the National Archives. Pope was asked to join when the death of a board member created a vacancy. Pope's architectural vision transformed both the location and design of the National Archives Building. He successfully proposed relocating the Archives to the block between Seventh and Eighth Streets, a site he believed demanded a monumental building such as the National Archives. In place of Simon's design, Pope's National Archives was to be a neoclassical temple befitting an institution dedicated to American history. Ground was broken for the National Archives on September 5, 1931, by the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, Ferry K. Heath. By the time President Herbert Hoover laid the cornerstone of the building in February 1933, significant problems had arisen. Because the massive structure was to be constructed above an underground stream, the Tiber Creek, 8,575 piles had been driven into the unstable soil, before pouring a huge concrete bowl as a foundation. Another difficulty arose over the choice of building materials. Both limestone and granite were authorized as acceptable, but construction began during the darkest days of the Great Depression, and suppliers of each material lobbied fiercely to have the government use their stone. Ultimately, as in the other Federal Triangle buildings, limestone was used for the exterior superstructure and granite for the base. Constructing the National Archives was a monumental task. Not only was the building the most ornate structure on the Federal Triangle, but it also called for installation of specialized air-handling systems and filters, reinforced flooring, and thousands of feet of shelving to meet the building's archival storage requirements. The building's exterior took more than 4 years to finish and required a host of workers ranging from sculptors and model makers to air-conditioning contractors and structural-steel workers. In November 1935, 120 National Archives staff members moved into their uncompleted building. Most of the exterior work was complete, but many stack areas, where records would be stored, had no shelving for incoming records. Work also continued on the Rotunda and other public spaces. More significantly, earlier estimates about the need for future stack space proved to be quite insufficient. Almost as soon as Pope's original design was complete, a project to fill the Archives' interior courtyard began, doubling storage space from 374,000 square feet to more than 757,000 square feet. John Russell Pope's vision of the Archives as a temple of history has been preserved through maintenance and periodic restoration work on the building since the mid-1930s. Over the years, however, more records filled the building and even the courtyard expansion proved to be inadequate. By the late 1960s, the building reached its storage capacity of 900,000 cubic feet and the agency began renting large amounts of storage and administrative space. The 1993 completion of a second National Archives building in College Park, Maryland, added 1.8 million square feet to the National Archives, providing the nation with the most modern archives facility in the world. The Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights have been displayed to the public in the Rotunda of the National Archives Building since 1952. That year National Bureau of Standards placed the documents into hermetically sealed encasements filled with inert helium gas, which the Bureau believed would preserve the Charters well into the next century. Since the 1952 installation, National Archives conservators have conducted regular visual inspections of the encased documents. Since 1987, these inspections have been greatly enhanced through the use of an electronic imaging monitoring system developed for NASA by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. In an electronic inspection of the documents in 1995, conservators noticed changes in the glass encasements of the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights. Glass experts from Libby-Owens-Ford (the original manufacturer of the encasement glass) and the Corning Glass Museum determined that the case glass components were showing signs of deterioration. Both the glass experts and the National Archives Advisory Committee on Preservation recommended that the Charters be reencased within seven years (by 2002) to ensure the continued safety and preservation of the documents. In July 2001, the Charters were taken off display in the Rotunda to be removed from their deteriorating cases. National Archives conservators removed the documents from their cases and analyzed their",
"in California. In an electronic inspection of the documents in 1995, conservators noticed changes in the glass encasements of the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights. Glass experts from Libby-Owens-Ford (the original manufacturer of the encasement glass) and the Corning Glass Museum determined that the case glass components were showing signs of deterioration. Both the glass experts and the National Archives Advisory Committee on Preservation recommended that the Charters be reencased within seven years (by 2002) to ensure the continued safety and preservation of the documents. In July 2001, the Charters were taken off display in the Rotunda to be removed from their deteriorating cases. National Archives conservators removed the documents from their cases and analyzed their condition. Appropriate conservation measures were taken on each document and they have been installed in the new encasements, returning to public display in September 2003. Investigating the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the Warren Commission met formally for the first time on December 5, 1963 in a hearing room on the second floor of the National Archives Building. National Archives Building The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, is the original headquarters of the National Archives and Records Administration. It is located north of"
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"Geoffrey of Beaulieu Geoffrey of Beaulieu, from Évreux in Normandy, was a French biographer who died towards the end of the 13th century. From a noble family, nothing is known of the early life of this friar of the Dominican Order. Having become the confessor of Louis IX of France, he inspired in him such lasting confidence, that, finding himself head of the clergy surrounding the king, he could, better than anyone, gather the necessary material to become his royal master's historian. The manuscript of \"The Life of Saint Louis\", which he was ordered to write by Pope Gregory X, was conserved for several centuries in the library of the Dominican order in Évreux, before being published in 1617 with the work of Jean de Joinville. Geoffrey of Beaulieu Geoffrey of Beaulieu, from Évreux in Normandy, was a French biographer who died towards the end of the 13th century. From a noble family, nothing is known of the early life of this friar of the Dominican Order. Having become the confessor of Louis IX of France, he inspired in him such lasting confidence, that, finding himself head of the clergy surrounding the king, he could, better than anyone, gather the"
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"Mafra (company) Mafra is a Czech media group that publishes printed and internet media, headquartered in Prague, Czech Republic. It is a subsidiary of Agrofert holding conglomerate that is owned by trust of Andrej Babiš, the current Prime Minister of the Czech Republic. Mafra owns some of the most popular media in the Czech Republic, including \"MF DNES\" and \"Lidové noviny\" newspapers, and the most visited Czech news server iDnes. Mafra was founded in 1992 in Prague. It was acquired in 1994 by the German group Rheinisch-Bergische Druckerei- und Verlagsgesellschaft GmbH (RBDV) (the publisher of the \"Rheinische Post\"), which bought Mafra from French press group Socpresse. In 2013, Mafra was acquired by Czech holding group Agrofert, which is owned by Andrej Babiš. MAFRA publishes the daily newspaper \"Mladá fronta DNES\" (MF Dnes), which, with 224,000 circulation as of March 2011 is the second largest newspaper in the Czech Republic, after tabloid \"Blesk\". Fully owned subsidiary Lidové noviny, a.s. publishes daily newspaper \"Lidové noviny\" with circulation of 44,000, 60% subsidiary Metro Česká republika, a.s. publishes a freesheet Czech edition of \"Metro\" with a circulation of 266,000. The internet division is, as of February 2011, the third most visited Czech website on the internet, with 3.7 million unique visitors per month. It includes web portals iDnes.cz and lidovky.cz, most of its websites being under iDnes.cz. Other assets include two printing works (in Prague and Olomouc) and the TV music channel \"Óčko\". Mafra (company) Mafra is a Czech media group that publishes printed and internet media, headquartered in Prague, Czech Republic. It is a subsidiary of Agrofert holding conglomerate that is owned by trust of Andrej Babiš, the current Prime Minister of the Czech Republic. Mafra owns some of the most popular media in the Czech Republic, including \"MF DNES\" and \"Lidové noviny\""
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"Vermont Woods Studios Vermont Woods Studios (VWS) is a retailer of Vermont-manufactured wood furniture, established in 2005. The company markets and sells products online and from a showroom in Vernon, Vermont. VWS sells furniture from several independent Vermont woodworking businesses, as well as from larger wholesale companies. The company seeks to promote Vermont's custom furniture industry by unifying marketing efforts for its producers. In a 2014 \"Vermont Life\" article, Steve Holman, a furniture maker from Dorset, Vermont, noted that Vermont's isolation from large markets represents a major business challenge, and that small producers rarely have time to manage their online presence adequately. The company sells products under two models: it connects custom furniture makers with customers in exchange for a referral fee, and it directly retails furniture from wholesale producers. The company was established in 2005 by Peggy Farabaugh and her husband Ken, after Farabaugh lost her position at Tulane University in the aftermath of flooding caused by Hurricane Katrina. Farabaugh drew up the business plan for a $20,000 grant competition; she did not win, but implemented the plan nonetheless. The company took in approximately $800,000 in sales in 2010, and grew by 35% between 2012 and 2014. The company's Vernon showroom is located in a circa 1790 farmhouse and former ski lodge, and features artworks from Vermont artists. The building's renovation used primarily local materials, and was financed in part through a $100,000 grant from Vermont's Working Lands Enterprise Fund. The showroom features large windows looking out onto a forest, intended to reflect the company's emphasis on using locally sourced wood. VWS was a founding member of the Sustainable Furniture Council, whose members seek to minimize the environmental impact of their products. In keeping with Farabaugh's advocacy for rainforest conservation, the company's products are made with wood sourced from Vermont or neighboring states rather than internationally. Farabaugh has helped to plant trees in Central and South America. In 2016, the company partnered with the Mexican nonprofit Forests for Monarchs for an educational tour of New England encouraging residents to plant milkweed to aid in butterfly conservation. The company's challenge to its employees to purchase only American-made holiday gifts was the subject of a 2011 segment on ABC's \"Made in America\" program. In 2012, Farabaugh inadvertently used a photograph whose copyright she did not own in the course of a business transaction. In what Mitch Stoltz of the Electronic Frontier Foundation called a \"bullying tactic\", the copyright owner then sued the company for $150,000 in damages. The lawsuit was dropped, and then refiled, in 2014, and settled out of court in July 2015. Vermont Woods Studios Vermont Woods Studios (VWS) is a retailer of Vermont-manufactured wood furniture, established in 2005. The company markets and sells products online and from a showroom in Vernon, Vermont. VWS sells furniture from several independent Vermont woodworking businesses, as well as from larger wholesale companies. The company seeks to promote Vermont's custom furniture industry by unifying marketing efforts for its producers. In a 2014 \"Vermont"
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"retrieved": [
"Hawklords Hawklords were an English music group active between 1978 and 1979. Members were from Hawkwind, who were inactive during that period, (Robert Calvert – vocals, Dave Brock – guitar and Simon King – drums) and a local Devon group named Ark (Harvey Bainbridge – bass and Martin Griffin – drums) with the addition of former Pilot keyboardist Steve Swindells. In 1978, the band released their first full studio album \"25 Years On\". In 2008 a new Hawklords formed around bass player Harvey Bainbridge and ex-Hawkwind vocalist Ron Tree. The release of the album \"25 Years On\" was promoted with a 41 date UK tour during October and November 1978. The stage show was designed by Barney Bubbles and was based on a \"Metropolis\"/Mao Tse-tung dystopia theme, featuring a projected film based light show, dancers in drab clothing performing mundane tasks, and spotlight towers creating an oppressive internment camp atmosphere. During the course of the tour the show was cut-back due to financial constraints, sufficiently upsetting Bubbles enough for him to refuse to work with Brock again. Some of the musicians felt that this action lightened the atmosphere resulting in the shows becoming more powerful. For the Hammersmith Odeon gig on 13 October, Lemmy guested on \"Silver Machine\". The Brunel University, Uxbridge concert (24 November) was professionally filmed by Charisma Records, but to date only snippets have been aired on UK television. The Plymouth Polytechnic concert (23 November) was professionally recorded, and subsequent archive albums have included portions from it. A tour programme was sold at this gig detailing the weird science behind the '25 Years' project. It outlined the aims and achievements of Pan Transcendental Industries and its programme for the industrialisation of religion. It described the construction of the first 'Metaphactory' staffed in part by car crash victims whose function was to generate new forms of social behaviour through the transformation of private into public fantasies. The nine million workers who populated this giant factory complex are described in the song 'The Age Of The Micro Man' wherein it is shown that they have no idea what they are working for. In fact the new rulers of this dark industrial age received contact from aliens that they believed were actually angels. These 'angels' said they would provide enlightenment, but at a price. The payment was nonsensical but nevertheless the human race was enslaved. The following set-list is that from the Hammersmith Odeon, 13 October 1978 performance. The set-list would slightly change during the course of the tour, significantly \"Flying Doctor\" being dropped halfway through. The band undertook a 42 date UK tour in October and November 1978, with support from Patrik Fitzgerald and The Softies. After the tour, the band were to tour North America but Calvert, wishing for the return of King, dismissed Griffin who then concentrated on his studio business and playing for Richard Strange before returning to Hawkwind for the 1982 \"Sonic Attack\" album. Swindells recalls the five members spending time at Rockfield \"where we rehearsed and jammed and wrote... Calvert was suffering definite mental problems when we were there. I think he was going through a divorce from his novelist wife, Pamela, and he was very unstable.\" Calvert left the band going on to write the novel \"Hype\" and recording an accompanying album, and he never appeared on any of the recordings released from these sessions. Swindells wrote \"Shot Down in the Night\" at these sessions, and the band considered it ideal for single release, but with the band having no record contract Swindells departed when offered a solo deal, resulting in the album \"Fresh Blood\". The remaining three members were joined by Huw Lloyd-Langton (lead guitar) and Tim Blake (synthesizers), choosing to revert to the name of Hawkwind and embarking upon a UK Winter 1979 tour resulting in the album \"Live Seventy Nine\". Swindells' studio version and Hawkwind's live version of \"Shot Down in the Night\" were released as singles simultaneously in 1980, both curiously featuring Lloyd-Langton and King. In 2008 a new Hawklords formed around Harvey Bainbridge, with drummer Dave Pearce (ex-Bevis Frond), guitarist and keyboard player Jerry Richards, vocalist Ron Tree (ex-Hawkwind singer) and bassist Tom Ashurst. The band's critically acclaimed 2015 album release, reached number 15 on the Official UK Top 30 Progressive Rock Chart and was in the top 75 for over 2 months. A “Full-blown sonic slab of classic British space-rock”, it has been nominated for best rock album of 2015 by One World Music Awards. In 2016 the same line up, augmented by guest vocalist Kim McAuliffe, released the album \"Fusion\" (LORDS1016) Zones Hawklords Hawklords were an English music group active between 1978 and 1979. Members were from Hawkwind, who were inactive during that period, (Robert Calvert – vocals, Dave Brock – guitar and Simon King –"
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"Jamie Hewitt (cricketer) James Peter Hewitt (born 1976), known as Jamie Hewitt, is a former English professional cricketer. He played county cricket for Middlesex County Cricket Club and Kent County Cricket Club between 1995 and 2003 and later played minor counties cricket, as a seam bowling all-rounder. He was born in Southwark in London in 1976 and was educated at Richmond upon Thames College, Kingston College and City of Westminster College. Hewitt played for [Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex's Second XI]] from 1994 before making his senior debut for the club in the Sunday League. He went on to make his first-class cricket debut in April 1996 against Oxford University at the University Parks. He made his County Championship debut against Gloucestershire in May of the same year, taking a wicket with his first ball. Hewitt went on to play in over 130 senior matches for Middlesex and was awarded his county cap in 1998. He was considered a \"richly promising seamer\" and took 60 wickets for the county in 1997, although his bowling form was thought to have \"declined alarmingly\" after 1998. Injuries and issues with confidence reduced his effectiveness and in 2000 he did not play at all for Middlesex. He took 170 first-class wickets for the county, his finest moment was taking 6/14 when he and Angus Fraser bowled out Glamorgan for 31 all out at Sophia Gardens in 1997. Before the start of the 2001 season Hewitt was approached by Kent County Cricket Club with a view to him joining the club on a three-year contract. This was deemed to be an illegal approach and Kent were later fined. At the end of the 2001 season Hewitt did join Kent on a two-year contract, playing for the county during 2002 and 2003. He made only six senior appearances for the county before being released during the 2003 season. After leaving Kent, Hewitt was player-coach for Oxfordshire between 2005 and 2008, Hertfordshire from 2009 to 2012 and Bedfordshire during 2013 and 2014. He set up his own coaching academy, is an ECB Level 4 coach and has been Performance Coach and Head of Development for Hertfordshire. In 2014 he began working at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School in London coaching cricket and building partnerships between Middlesex and the school. As of August 2017 he remained in this role. Jamie Hewitt (cricketer) James Peter Hewitt (born 1976), known as Jamie"
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"Hedraianthera Hedraianthera is a genus of a sole recognised species of shrubs or small trees found only in Australia. The genus and species constitutes part of the Bittersweet plant family Celastraceae. The species Hedraianthera porphyropetala grows naturally in eastern Australia in littoral or sub-tropical rainforest north from Ballina, New South Wales to Cooktown in tropical north eastern Queensland. They grow in gullies or rocky slopes on shallow soils, sometimes enhanced by basalt. The generic name \"Hedraianthera\" is from Greek, it refers to the flower anthers without stalks. The specific epithet \"porphyropetala\" is also from Greek, it alludes to the attractive deep purple coloured flowers, although the species definition includes plants which have different coloured flowers such as green. They are an unusually southern example of ramiflory. Previously several publications provided informal scientific descriptions of another species under the provisional scientific name \"Hedraianthera\" sp. Mossman (V.K.Moriarty 2557) Qld Herbarium. In a 2012 published Celastraceae genetics study this provisionally named species was reassigned to the genus \"Brassiantha\" and formally scientifically described under the new name \"Brassiantha hedraiantheroides\", after its likeness to \"Hedraianthera\". Though still relatively closely related the two species were found to be constitutive of different genera. \"H. porphyropetala\" here, again became the only known species in this genus and now \"Brassiantha\" constituted not only by the one, but instead by only the two known species, this forementioned \"B. hedraiantheroides\" and the New Guinean \"B. pentamera\". \"B. hedraiantheroides\" grows naturally only (endemic) in a restricted area of the wet tropics region of north eastern Queensland, Australia. It grows as an understory shrub or small tree in rainforests and sclerophyll forests, from an altitudinal range near sea level to . Hedraianthera Hedraianthera is a genus of a sole recognised species of shrubs or small trees found only in Australia. The genus and"
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"Handball Federation of Montenegro The Handball Federation of Montenegro (RSCG) (Montenegrin: Rukometni savez Crne Gore) is the governing body of team handball in Montenegro. It is based in Podgorica. It organizes the handball leagues: It also organizes the Montenegrin national handball team and the Montenegrin women's national handball team as well as the Montenegrin national under-21 handball team and Montenegrin women's national under-21 handball team. The Handball Federation of Montenegro was founded on 26 January 1958, while under the Yugoslav Handball Federation. Upon Montenegro's independence from Serbia and Montenegro, the Handball Federation of Montenegro represented the country. It joined the European Handball Federation and the International Handball Federation on 7 August 2006. Handball Federation of Montenegro The Handball Federation of Montenegro (RSCG) (Montenegrin: Rukometni savez Crne Gore) is the governing body of team handball in Montenegro. It is based in Podgorica. It organizes the handball leagues: It also organizes the Montenegrin national handball team and the Montenegrin women's national handball team as well as the Montenegrin national under-21 handball team and Montenegrin women's national under-21 handball team. The Handball Federation of Montenegro was founded on 26 January 1958, while under the Yugoslav Handball Federation. Upon Montenegro's independence from Serbia and"
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"Mayahuel Mayahuel () is the female deity associated with the maguey plant among cultures of central Mexico in the Postclassic era of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology, and in particular of the Aztec cultures. As the personification of the maguey plant, Mayahuel is also part of a complex of interrelated maternal and fertility goddesses in Aztec religion and is also connected with notions of fecundity and nourishment. Maguey is a flowering plant of the \"Agave\" genus, native to parts of southwestern modern United States and Mexico. The depictions of Mayahuel in the Codex Borgia and the Codex Borbonicus (see Figure 1. and Figure 3.) show the deity perched upon a maguey planet. The deity's positioning in both illustrations, as well as the same blue pigment used to depict her body and the body of the maguey plant on Page 8 of the Codex Borbonicus, give the sense that she and the plant are one. Furthermore, the Codex Borbonicus displays Mayahuel as holding what looks like rope, presumably spun from the maguey plant fibers. Rope was only one of the many products extracted from the maguey plant. Products extracted from the maguey plant were used extensively across highlands and southeastern Mesoamerica, with the thorns used in ritual bloodletting ceremonies and fibers extracted from the leaves worked into ropes, netting, bags, and cloth. Yet, perhaps the maguey product most well-known and celebrated by the Aztecs is the alcoholic beverage \"octli,\" or later named pulque, produced from the fermented sap of the maguey planet and used prominently in many public ceremonies and on other ritual occasions. By extension, Mayahuel is also often shown in contexts associated with pulque. Although some secondary sources describe her as a \"pulque goddess\", she remains most strongly associated with the plant as the source, rather than pulque as the end product. Mayahuel Mayahuel () is the female deity associated with the maguey plant among cultures of central Mexico in the Postclassic era of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology, and in particular of the Aztec cultures. As the personification of the maguey plant, Mayahuel is also part of a complex of interrelated maternal and fertility goddesses in Aztec religion and is also connected with notions of fecundity and nourishment. Maguey is a flowering plant of the \"Agave\" genus, native to parts of southwestern modern United States and Mexico. The depictions of Mayahuel in the Codex Borgia and the Codex Borbonicus (see Figure 1."
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"Betty Johnson (physicist) Elizabeth (Betty) Johnson (18 October 1936 – 11 September 2003) was an American theoretical physicist, who was awarded an MBE in 2002 for \"services to people returning to careers in science, engineering and technology\". Johnson was influential in establishing the Daphne Jackson Trust and was one of the first women to receive a fellowship after a career break for family commitments. Johnson was born in Philadelphia. She received a BA in physics and mathematics at Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania in 1958. She completed a PhD in elementary particle physics at the University of Manchester with support of the State Department Fulbright Scholarship scheme between 1958 - 1960, and an honorary Woodrow Wilson fellow. She continued her research in the University of Pittsburgh, University of Wisconsin–Madison, King's College London and the University of Auckland. Johnson held several part-time positions at the University of Surrey whilst raising two children. In 1975 Johnson was elected a fellow of the Institute of Physics. Her research interests evolved from elementary particle theory to gas dynamics and spin-dependent effects in semiconductors. She focussed on understanding fundamental physics and using it to predict the properties of real materials. During her time at the University of Surrey, Johnson became a colleague and friend of Daphne Jackson, the first woman in the United Kingdom to become a professor of physics. When Daphne Jackson began to award fellowships for women who wanted to resume research after taking a break from their careers; Johnson was one of the first recipients. In 1986 Johnson joined the Condensed Matter Theory Group at Imperial College London. Johnson was crucial in establishing the Daphne Jackson Trust after Jackson's death in 1992. She became a trustee in 2002, as well as sitting on the council of the Women's Engineering Society. She was awarded in an MBE for her commitment to women in science in 2002. Betty Johnson (physicist) Elizabeth (Betty) Johnson (18 October 1936 – 11 September 2003) was an American theoretical physicist, who was awarded an MBE in 2002 for \"services to people returning to careers in science, engineering and technology\". Johnson was influential in establishing the Daphne Jackson Trust and was one of the first women to receive a fellowship after a career break for family commitments. Johnson was born in Philadelphia. She received a BA in physics and mathematics at Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania in 1958. She completed a PhD in elementary"
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"Utah State Route 274 State Route 274 is a state highway completely within Parowan in the southwestern portion of the US state of Utah that connects SR-143 with I-15. The entirety of the highway is routed along Main Street. The route proceeds north along a two-lane undivided highway from the intersection of Center Street (SR-143) and Main Street in the middle of Parowan in Iron County. The road exits the center of Parowan and passes the Parowan Airport before terminating at a diamond interchange at exit 78 on I-15. With the construction of I-15 around Parowan imminent, SR-1 was moved from old US-91 to the proposed bypass in 1968. SR-143, which had ended at SR-1 (Main Street) in Parowan, was extended north on Main Street and a planned connection to I-15 at exit 78. However, plans had changed by the time I-15 was completed in 1975, and a second interchange (exit 75) served the west side of Parowan. SR-143 was instead rerouted south and west to meet I-15 there, and what had become part of SR-143 in 1968 was instead redesignated SR-274. Utah State Route 274 State Route 274 is a state highway completely within Parowan in the southwestern portion"
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"China–Zimbabwe relations China and Zimbabwe have had a close, but chequered, relationship since the latter's independence. China–Zimbabwe relations date back to January 1979, during the Rhodesian Bush War. The Soviet Union supported Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe African People's Union, and supplied them with arms; Robert Mugabe's attempts to gain Soviet support for his Zimbabwe African National Union were rebuffed, leading him to enter into relations with Soviet rival Beijing, culminating in a January 1979 meeting in Mozambique in which both sides affirmed their intent to cooperate more closely. The two countries formally established diplomatic relations on 18 April 1980, the day of Zimbabwe's independence. Two months later, Zimbabwe's foreign minister Simon Muzenda visited Beijing to express his thanks; he was followed by Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe himself the next year. Mugabe places great importance on Zimbabwe's relations with China, especially after the 2003 standoff with the European Union resulted in capital flight and economic depression. Ties have deepened inline with Zimbabwe's political isolation from the European Union; China has been described as the \"only major international supporter\" of Zimbabwe, due to their principle of non-interference in internal affairs such as human rights issues. However, there are increasing signs that China remain apprehensive about their relations with Zimbabwe and prefer to concentrate their political capital on countries with oil reserves. Chinese president Hu Jintao did not visit Zimbabwe on his February 2007 tour of southern Africa, though his schedule took him to a number of countries near Zimbabwe, including Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, and Zambia. A delegation of Chinese businessmen did visit Zimbabwe around that time; however, the Zimbabwe Tourism Authority put up signs with messages in Korean to welcome them. Spokesmen stated that they would hire Chinese translators in the future to avoid such errors. The Zimbabwean side are also ambivalent about the increasing Chinese influence on the economy; Zimbabweans have complained about the low quality of Chinese goods, including buses. Nyasha Chikwinya, a spokeswoman for Zanu PF Women's League, asserted that the Chinese had become the most active group in the non-official exchange of foreign currency, ahead of Nigerians and Indians, and called for those who \"fueled the foreign currency black market\" to be arrested. Robberies aimed at Chinese businessmen are on the rise. The 2017 coup in Zimbabwe deposed Mugabe. The new provisional President Emmerson Mnangagwa is thought to have a close, if challenging, relationship with China. Zimbabwe's \"Look East\" policy, which aimed to expand bilateral and trade relations and offer priority to investors from not just China but Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Japan, South Korea, India, and Russia, has focused increasingly on China, to the exclusion of other countries. It is reported by Forum on Africa-China Cooperation that Mugabe's visit in 2006 is his 11th time visiting China. There are no reported official visits to China by Mugabe in 2008 and 2009. The 12th and 13th visits happened in 2010 and 2011. Mugabe also visited China in August 2014. The People Republic of China's (PRC) stated foreign policy of non-intervention in the internal affairs of countries has made them a popular foreign policy partner in Harare. China has become the biggest buyer of Zimbabwean tobacco, purchasing over 13,000 tonnes of tobacco between January and October 2007. The Zimbabwean trade deficit with China amounted to US$189 million in the first half of 2007; Zimbabwe exported US$16 million of goods to China. The Zimbabwean government also purchases large amounts of military hardware from China, including a US$13 million radar system, six Hongdu JL-8 jet aircraft, twelve JF-17 Thunder fighter aircraft, and 100 military vehicles since June 2004. The national airline Air Zimbabwe have also increased their recruitment of Chinese-speaking flight attendants and training of existing flight attendants in the Chinese language, and Zimbabwe, since having been added to China's official list of approved tourism destinations, aims to expand the number of Chinese tourists from 10,000 to 25,000. Trade is often conducted on barter terms due to Zimbabwe's shortage of hard currency. China are especially interested in Zimbabwe's supply of platinum. In November 2007 the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe bought agricultural equipment from several countries, but mostly from the PRC, and distributed the materials through the Agricultural Mechanization Program. Zimbabwe's Road Motor Services, a subsidiary of the National Railways of Zimbabwe, purchased 97 trucks from the Camco International, a Chinese manufacturing company, on December 30. The trucks consist of 68 North Benz tractor trucks, 16 North Benz delivery trucks, eight triaxle tipper trailers and five fuel tankers, each type of varying carrying capacity. This shipment is expected to replace the trucks currently used by RMS. RMS previously purchased trucks from Camco in February 2006. Acting President Joseph Msika praised the Chinese government for its continued support in the face of economic sanctions imposed by Western nations. In 2015, China accounted for the largest share of foreign direct investment into Zimbabwe by far (74%). From 2000 to 2012, there are approximately 128 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Zimbabwe through various media reports. These projects range from a loan of US$670 million to expand a hydroelectric dam on Lake Kariba, to a $500 million USD deal to finance Zimbabwe's local cotton production, or a loan agreement for the provision of agricultural machinery to Zimbabwean farmers. In 2016 the PRC forgave US$40 million in debt. On January 6, 2010, the Chinese government announced plans to award scholarships to 32 students from Zimbabwe to study in China. The scholarship program was announced by the Chinese Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Xin Shunkang. Although originally Chinese firms were exempt from Zimbabwe's indigenisation laws they have increasingly come under pressure by 2016 to grant at least 51 percent ownership in local ventures to black Zimbabweans in accordance with indigenisation policies. The South African-based Institute for Security Studies believes that under the leadership of President Xi Jinping the PRC's relationship with Zimbabwe has become more distant due to concerns over the long term stability of ZANU-PF rule. China–Zimbabwe relations China and Zimbabwe have had a close, but chequered, relationship"
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"Porto Bello (Williamsburg, Virginia) Porto Bello was the hunting lodge of the last Royal Governor of the British Colony of Virginia, John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore. The name commemorates the battle of Porto Bello, a 1739 British naval victory in Panama. Lord Dunmore fled to Porto Bello to escape the early stages of the American Revolution in Williamsburg, Virginia. He later boarded a British ship lying at anchor near Porto Bello in the York River. Porto Bello is located in York County, Virginia on the grounds of Camp Peary. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, but is closed to visitors because of restricted access to Camp Peary. Porto Bello (Williamsburg, Virginia) Porto Bello was the hunting lodge of the last Royal Governor of the British Colony of Virginia, John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore. The name commemorates the battle of Porto Bello, a 1739 British naval victory in Panama. Lord Dunmore fled to Porto Bello to escape the early stages of the American Revolution in Williamsburg, Virginia. He later boarded a British ship lying at anchor near Porto Bello in the York River. Porto Bello is located in York County, Virginia on the grounds of"
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"Postumus the Younger In the \"Historia Augusta\", Postumus the Younger () figures as one of the so-called Thirty Tyrants who usurped power against the Roman Emperor Gallienus. According to the pseudo-historical list of 'Thirty Tyrants', the Emperor of the Gallic Empire Postumus had a son, also called Postumus, whom he nominated to be first \"caesar\", and later even \"augustus\" and co-ruler. Postumus the Younger would have been killed together with his father in 268, during the rebellion of Laelianus (called Lollianus in the \"Historia\"). The historian J. F. Drinkwater dismisses the \"Historia Augusta\"'s reference to Postumus the Younger as a \"fiction\". There are no references to any son of Postumus on coins or inscriptions from the period. The author(s) of the \"Historia\" asserts that Postumus the Younger was a skilled rhetor, and that his \"Controversiae\" were included among Quintilian's \"Declamationes\". Postumus the Younger In the \"Historia Augusta\", Postumus the Younger () figures as one of the so-called Thirty Tyrants who usurped power against the Roman Emperor Gallienus. According to the pseudo-historical list of 'Thirty Tyrants', the Emperor of the Gallic Empire Postumus had a son, also called Postumus, whom he nominated to be first \"caesar\", and later even \"augustus\" and"
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"Hoyos del Collado Hoyos del Collado is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 39 inhabitants. It is known for its merino sheep, whose wool is used for weaving and knitting. There are 10 people involved in the raising of the sheep. Some of the sheep winter in Extremadura and some stay in Hoyos the whole year. Cattle are also raised and there several people raise chickens, turkeys, geese and other fowl. It is a peaceful, friendly village with several springs, a river nearby and mountain views. Hoyos del Collado Hoyos del Collado is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 39 inhabitants. It is known for its merino sheep, whose wool is used for weaving and knitting. There are 10 people involved in the raising of the sheep. Some of the sheep winter in Extremadura and some stay in Hoyos the whole year. Cattle are also raised and there several people raise chickens, turkeys, geese and other fowl. It is a peaceful, friendly village with"
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"Zirconium carbide Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material, commercially used in tool bits for cutting tools. It is usually processed by sintering. It has the appearance of a gray metallic powder with cubic crystal structure. It is highly corrosion resistant. This Group IV interstitial transition-metal carbide is also a member of ultra high temperature ceramics or (UHTC). Due to the presence of metallic bonding, ZrC has a thermal conductivity of 20.5 W/m·K and an electrical conductivity (resistivity ~43 μΩ·cm), both of which are similar to that for zirconium metal. The strong covalent Zr-C bond gives this material a very high melting point (~3530 °C), high modulus (~440 GPa) and hardness (25 GPa). ZrC has a lower density (6.73 g/cm) compared to other carbides like WC (15.8 g/cm), TaC (14.5 g/cm) or HfC (12.67 g/cm). ZrC seems suitable for use in re-entry vehicles, rocket/SCRAM jet engines or supersonic vehicles in which low densities and high temperatures load-bearing capabilities are crucial requirements. Like most carbides of refractory metals, zirconium carbide is sub-stoichiometric, i.e., it contains carbon vacancies. At carbon contents higher than approximately ZrC the material contains free carbon. ZrC is stable for a carbon-to-metal ratio ranging from 0.65 to 0.98. The group IVA metal carbides, TiC, ZrC, and SiC are practically inert toward attack by strong aqueous acids (HCl) and strong aqueous bases (NaOH) even at 100' C, however, ZrC does react with HF. The mixture of zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide is an important cermet material. Hafnium-free zirconium carbide and niobium carbide can be used as refractory coatings in nuclear reactors. Because of a low neutron absorption cross-section and weak damage sensitivity under irradiation, it finds use as the coating of uranium dioxide and thorium dioxide particles of nuclear fuel. The coating is usually deposited by thermal chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed reactor. It also has high emissivity and high current capacity at elevated temperatures rendering it as a promising material for use in thermo-photovoltaic radiators and field emitter tips and arrays. It is also used as an abrasive, in cladding, in cermets, incandescent filaments and cutting tools. Zirconium carbide is made by carbo-thermal reduction of zirconia by graphite. Densified ZrC is made by sintering powder of ZrC at upwards of 2000 °C. Hot pressing of ZrC can bring down the sintering temperature and consequently helps in producing fine grained fully densified ZrC. Spark plasma sintering also has been used to produce fully densified ZrC. Poor oxidation resistance over 800 °C limits the applications of ZrC. One way to improve the oxidation resistance of ZrC is to make composites. Important composites proposed are ZrC-ZrB and ZrC-ZrB-SiC composite. These composites can work up to 1800 °C. Zirconium carbide Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material, commercially used in tool bits for cutting tools. It is usually processed by sintering. It has the appearance of a gray metallic powder with cubic crystal structure. It is highly corrosion resistant. This Group IV interstitial transition-metal"
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"Let It Go (Heo Young-saeng EP) Let It Go is the solo mini album debut of South Korean singer Heo Young-saeng of boy band SS501. The EP of Korean-language songs was released on May 12, 2011 under B2M Entertainment and distributed by LOEN Entertainment. The album was released in Taiwan on July 1, 2011 under Warner Music Taiwan. Heo Young-saeng left SS501's former agency, DSP Media, in mid-2010 and signed with B2M Entertainment in October 2010, together with bandmate Kim Kyu-jong, to embark on his solo career. Both singers then held a joint fan meeting called \"Kyu Jong & Young Saeng Story In Seoul\" on December 4, which continued in Hong Kong, Japan, and other countries in Asia. During this tour, they both mentioned their plans to release their respective solo albums the following year. Following Park Jung-min and Kim Hyung-jun of SS501, Heo was the third to debut as a solo artist after leaving his former agency in 2010. In April, B2M Entertainment announced that Heo's album release would be delayed due to an injury he sustained on his right hand during a dance practice. His plan to officially debut on April 28 and appear in his first solo performance on Mnet's \"M Countdown\" the same day was also postponed. Similarly, he appeared on SBS' \"Running Man\" only briefly instead of guest-starring on the show on May 8, 2011. While still recovering from his injury, Heo decided to release a mini album on May 12. On May 4, B2M uploaded a 25-second music video teaser of Heo's upcoming title track, \"Let It Go\", on YouTube. A photo teaser was also released, showing a pale-colored image of Heo wearing a white polo shirt and black tie, using a motion blur to give the impression of movement. \"There is no success if you settle for stereotypes (in music genre)\" — Heo Young-saeng On May 12, 2011, one week after the music video teaser release, Heo Young-saeng officially released his debut solo mini album, \"Let It Go\". A 3-minute, 47-second music video of his dance song \"Let It Go\" was uploaded on YouTube the same day. Heo personally chose the mid-tempo dance song \"Let It Go\" as the title track for his debut album. As the main vocalist of SS501, he mostly sings ballads, and wanted to challenge himself and try new genres. The title track features Hyuna's rap, but new artist Park Ju-hyun (who was later revealed to be debuting as a Spica member under the same agency) was the one who appeared in the official music video and who performed Hyuna's rap parts on stage during Heo's live performances. Production costs for the music video, which filmed in Namyangju, reportedly reached USD$100,000. Heo began promoting the album in South Korea right after its release. He did his first live performance on May 13 on KBS' \"Music Bank\", followed by a May 19 appearance on Mnet's \"M Countdown\", singing the tracks \"Let It Go\" and \"Out The Club\". He continued his promotional tour in South Korea until his last live performance on June 17 on KBS' \"Music Bank\", in which he experienced a technical difficulty with his microphone in the beginning of his performance. A week later, he uploaded the 3-minute, 41-second music video of \"Rainy Heart\" on YouTube. During this time, Heo signed with Warner Music Taiwan, along with Kim Hyun-joong, another SS501 band member who had recently debuted as a solo artist with the release of \"Break Down\". Heo then scheduled promotional tours in Taiwan with the release of his mini album in that country under the Warner label. He also appeared in Japan in November alongside Kim Kyu-jong, who released a solo mini-album debut titled \"Turn Me On\" in September. Both Heo and Kim performed their respective songs on Mnet Japan's \"JJ Studio\", accompanied by Kim Tae-woo. \"Let It Go\" peaked at number one on Gaon Album Chart during the first week of its release, starting on May 8, 2011, and reached 45th on Gaon Yearly Album Charts for 2011. The \"Let It Go\" single landed at number 31 on Gaon Single Chart during the first week of its release, starting on May 8, and rose to 19th place in its second week. The single remained among the top 100 singles for nine weeks. The album contains four songs and an instrumental version of the title track, \"Let It Go\". Produced by the Sweetune team, the album features rap by Hyuna of girl group 4Minute, Tae Wan, and Kim Kyu-jong of SS501. The mid-tempo dance track, which describes men's and women's different feelings, is composed by SweetTune's team and written by Song Soo-yoon. The other three songs, including the fast-paced \"Out The Club\" and \"I'm Broken\", and the R&B track \"Rainy Heart\", were written by Heo. Let It"
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"Fourth Reich of the Rich Fourth Reich of the Rich is a book by self-styled Christian writer Des Griffin about the so-called New World Order. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) has called Griffin an \"anti-Semitic conspiracy theorist.\" The book claims that \"International Jews\"/Illuminati are today's \"modern day Nazis\". It argues that the Holocaust changed the \"Jewish psyche\" and created a reactionary response becoming worse than Nazi Germany in an international/New World Order conspiracy. The book has few elements that deal with the influence of Jews in various forms of government, although his assertion is that Jews are involved in some kind of plot to control the world. The book does however go into detail, with alleged documentation and photocopies of various sources to justify arguments made in the book. Throughout, Griffin describes the founding of many modern organizations beginning with Adam Weishaupt, founder of the Illuminati, which began May 1, 1776. It then weaves a path through the influence of figures such as Albert Pike, who served as a brigadier-general for the Confederate Army during the Civil War. The book also covers content from authors such as Clinton Roosevelt (author of \"The Science of Government: Founded on Natural Law\"), whose ideas pre-dated those of Karl Marx by a few decades and were very influential in the \"Social Science of Government,\" now known as socialism, as Griffin alleges. Fourth Reich of the Rich Fourth Reich of the Rich is a book by self-styled Christian writer Des Griffin about the so-called New World Order. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) has called Griffin an \"anti-Semitic conspiracy theorist.\" The book claims that \"International Jews\"/Illuminati are today's \"modern day Nazis\". It argues that the Holocaust changed the \"Jewish psyche\" and created a reactionary response becoming worse than Nazi Germany in an international/New World Order conspiracy. The book"
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"Standoff (video game) Standoff (previously titled Active Shooter) is a first person shooter video game developed by Russian video game developer Anton Makarevskiy and publisher Ata Berdiyev, working under the names Revived Games and Acid Publishing Group. It was first scheduled for release on June 6, 2018 through the Steam distribution platform. After Valve Corporation removed the publisher from the platform, the developer released the game independently. On 24 June 2018, the game was renamed to \"Standoff\". The game depicts a school shooting, and allows players to take the role of either the active shooter or a SWAT member responding to the event. Players can choose to attack with guns, grenades or knives, and the number of civilian and police deaths are tallied on screen. \"Active Shooter\" attracted controversy after its store page was published in May 2018, with parents of Stoneman Douglas High School shooting victims campaigning against the game online. An online petition had attracted 100,000 signatures by the time of the game's cancellation. On May 29, it emerged that Revived Games and Acid Publishing Group were the trading names of Anton Makarevskiy and Ata Berdiyev, the latter of which had previously been removed from Steam by Valve Corporation for copyright infringement after the publication of a Rick and Morty parody called \"Piccled Ricc\". The company later announced that Revived Games and Acid Publishing Group would be removed from the Steam platform. A spokesperson told Matthew Gault of Motherboard that Berdiyev is \"a troll, with a history of customer abuse, publishing copyrighted material, and user review manipulation\". In a subsequent blog post, Berdiyev argued that Steam had carried other video games with a focus on violence and murder, giving examples of \"Hatred\", \"Postal\", and \"Carmageddon\". Following the media reaction to the game, Valve suggested a broader review of its content policies would take place \"soon\". Valve issued this updated policy on June 6, 2018, which stated that they would allow any content on Steam as long as it was not illegal, or if the content was \"trolling\". Valve's Doug Lombardi used \"Active Shooter\" as an example of such trolling, in that the game was \"designed to do nothing but generate outrage and cause conflict through its existence\", and even if another developer, without the history of abusing Steam as they found with Berdiyev, had released the same title, they still would have removed it for its trolling nature. Later in June 2018, PayPal closed the account of Acid Software, citing that the game violated their Acceptable Use Policy. Indiegogo also dropped the title from their service near the same time. The developers' websites for the game were shut down by Bluehost following a Sandy Hook Promise petition. Standoff (video game) Standoff (previously titled Active Shooter) is a first person shooter video game developed by Russian video game developer Anton Makarevskiy and publisher Ata Berdiyev, working under the names Revived Games and Acid Publishing Group. It was first scheduled for release on June 6, 2018 through the Steam distribution"
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"Three Rivers Classic The Three Rivers Classic is a two-day Division I college ice hockey tournament which is held annually at PPG Paints Arena, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The inaugural tournament took place on December 28–29, 2012 and featured teams from Miami University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University and Robert Morris University. The second tournament was played out on December 27–28, 2013 and featured Penn State, Robert Morris, Boston College and Bowling Green State University. The Classic is the evolution of a showcase of games that the Robert Morris Colonials have played against the Ohio State Buckeyes and Miami RedHawks at either Consol Energy Center or Mellon Arena in previous years. Since many fans of the National Hockey League's Pittsburgh Penguins (who play at Consol Energy Center) are also fans of Robert Morris and Penn State, the two teams are planned to be fixtures of the tournament in years to come. Consolation game between Ferris State and BC was decided in a shootout for the tournament, however the game was officially a tie. BC def. Ferris in the shootout 2-1 On Day 1 (December 29), the Colgate Raiders defeated the Western Michigan Broncos 2-1, and the Robert Morris Colonials beat the Penn State Nittany Lions by a margin of 4-2. On Day 2 (December 30), in the consolation game, the Western Michigan Broncos beat the Penn State Nittany Lions 4-1. In the championship game the Colgate Raiders beat the Robert Morris Colonials 6-1, to win their first title. On Day 1 (December 27), the Boston College Eagles beat the Bowling Green Falcons 5-0, and the Penn State Nittany Lions beat the Robert Morris Colonials 3-2. On Day 2 (December 28), in the consolation game the Bowling Green Falcons beat the Robert Morris Colonials 3-2. In the championship game the Boston College Eagles beat the Penn State Nittany Lions 8-2, to win its first title. On Day 1 (December 28), the Robert Morris Colonials beat Penn State Nittany Lions 6-0, and the Miami RedHawks beat the Ohio State Buckeyes 1-0. On Day 2 (December 29), in the consolation game, the Penn State beat the Ohio State Buckeyes 5-4. In the championship game, the Robert Morris Colonials beat the Miami RedHawks 1-0, to win their first title. The total attendance for the inaugural games held on December 28 was listed as 11,663, while 10,797 turned out for the next day's games. The attendance total of 22,460 exceeded what had been hoped for by the event's planners, who estimated only 5,000 - 6,000 fans for each day of the games. The inaugural Classic also took part during the 2012–13 NHL lockout, which may have helped increase interest in the event. Three Rivers Classic The Three Rivers Classic is a two-day Division I college ice hockey tournament which is held annually at PPG Paints Arena, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The inaugural tournament took place on December 28–29, 2012 and featured teams from Miami University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University and Robert Morris University. The"
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"Battle of Racibórz The Battle of Raciborz took place in the Polish town of Raciborz, on 20 March 1241, during the Mongol invasion of Poland. It ended in the victory of a Polish army from Silesia, commanded by Duke of Opole and Raciborz, Mieszko II the Fat. On March 20, 1241, units of the Mongol Army reached the Oder near Raciborz, and began to cross the river. Duke Mieszko II the Fat, aware of this, decided to attack the invaders while they were busy trying to get across the Oder. With an unknown number of knights, he attacked the Mongols, killed probably 400 Asiatic warriors, and defeated them. After the battle, Mieszko’s army headed towards Legnica, where Christian forces under Duke Henry II the Pious concentrated to engage the Mongols in the Battle of Legnica. Battle of Racibórz The Battle of Raciborz took place in the Polish town of Raciborz, on 20 March 1241, during the Mongol invasion of Poland. It ended in the victory of a Polish army from Silesia, commanded by Duke of Opole and Raciborz, Mieszko II the Fat. On March 20, 1241, units of the Mongol Army reached the Oder near Raciborz, and began to cross"
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"Cristian Brolli Cristian Brolli (born 28 February 1992) is a San Marino international footballer who plays as a defender. He most notably scored an own goal against England on September 5, 2015. Brolli has played eight games for the San Marino under-21 side, all of which ended in defeat. He has previously represented the San Marino under-19's, and scored an own goal for Italy in a Euro 2010 (under-19) qualification game at the Stadio Olimpico on 15 November 2009; the team managed to keep a clean sheet until 71 minutes, at which point Brolli's own goal led to a 4–0 loss. Brolli made his senior debut from the bench on 14 August 2012, in a 3–2 home defeat to Malta. He made his first start on 11 September 2012, in a 6–0 home loss to Montenegro in qualification for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. In San Marino's home Euro qualifier against England, Brolli scored an own goal as the Three Lions won 6-0. Cristian Brolli Cristian Brolli (born 28 February 1992) is a San Marino international footballer who plays as a defender. He most notably scored an own goal against England on September 5, 2015. Brolli has played eight games"
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"retrieved": [
"Good Luck (AOA song) \"Good Luck\" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group AOA for their fourth extended play of the same name (2016). It was released as the title track from the EP by FNC Entertainment and distributed by LOEN Entertainment on May 16, 2016 in conjunction with the mini-album. The lyrics were written by Han Seong-ho, Jang Yeon-jeong and Innovators and the music was composed by Matthew Tishler, Aaron Benward and Felicia Barton. To promote the song and the EP, AOA performed \"Good Luck\" on several South Korean music programs, including \"Music Bank\", \"Show! Music Core\" and \"Inkigayo\". A music video for the title track was also released on May 16. The song was a commercial success peaking at number 2 on the \"Gaon\" Digital Chart. It has sold over 545,952 digital copies as of July 2016. \"Good Luck\" was remade as a Japanese song for the group's the fifth single titled, \"Good Luck,\" from their second Japanese studio album \"Runway\" (2016). It was released by Universal Music Japan on August 3, 2016. The single was released in eleven different physical versions and as a digital download in Japan. \"Good Luck\" was described as a brassy, slow-burning pop track by Fuse. Adding that the release it's a \"nice change for the group, which is boasting a fresh-feeling sound to showcase new textures of their voices\". \"Good Luck\" was released as a digital download in conjunction with the release of \"Good Luck\" EP in Korean in May 16, 2016. On June 6, 2016 it was announced that the Japanese version of \"Good Luck\" would be released on August 3, 2016 as AOA's fifth physical single with no further details. The pre-orders for the single started on June 9, 2016, at noon JST. On June 21, cover artworks for eleven versions of the single, including Limited Editions Type A/B/C, Regular Edition, and Limited Members Editions, were revealed. On June 24, through the app Line, the group held a live broadcast, in which they discussed the upcoming release, revealing the prices among others details. On July 25, it was revealed that the Japanese version of \"10 Seconds\" and \"Really Really\" would be parts of the single, releasing audio teasers of both songs. On July 27, the pre-orders for the digital single started on iTunes Japan and \"Good Luck\" was available for pre-release download. The single was officially released on August 3, 2016, as a physical single in eleven versions. All editions come with a random trading card. The first music video teaser was released on May 9, 2016 and was titled as \"week version\", showing the girls working as lifeguards on a beach. The second teaser was released a day later on May 10 and was titled as \"weekend version\" , showing the girls happy while walking on the street. The third and final teaser was released on May 12 and show short clips of the group dancing along with close-up of each member. The official music video was released on May 16 through the group's official YouTube channel and on 1theK channel, surpassing the 20 million views in conjunction since the release. The music video took place on Guam and show the girls working as lifeguards on the coast for the week and having fun in a club for the weekend, with clips of the girls dancing in the fire department. On June 30, 2016, Universal Music Japan released the short version of the Japanese music video on their official YouTube channel, revealing for the first time the audio and the new version of the song. The official music video for the Japanese version was released on August 3, through the group official Vevo account. The music video uses the same theme shown in the Korean version, with new close-up shots and outfit for each member and additional footage never seen before of the girls at the beach and in the club. \"Good Luck\" entered and peaked at number 2 on the Gaon Digital Chart on the chart issue dated May 15–21, 2016 with 170,905 downloads sold – topping the componing Download Chart – and 3,317,390 streams. In its second and third week, the song stayed in the Top 10 of the chart. The song stayed in the Top 100 for thirteenth consecutive weeks since the release. The song charted at number 12 on the Gaon Digital Chart for the month of May 2016 with 286,674 downloads sold and 7,792,066 streams. For the month of June 2016 the song placed at number 19 with 162,398 downloads sold and 9,585,124 streams. For the month of July 2016 the song placed at number 55 with 96,880 downloads sold and 5,258,241 streams, charting for three consecutive months. \"Good Luck\" debuted at number 4 on the Oricon Daily Singles Chart for August 2, 2016. In its second and third day of sales, the single stayed in the Top 10. In its fourth consecutive day, the single charted at number 2, topping the chart for two consecutive days on August 6 and August 7. It was reported that \"Good Luck\" sold nearly 38,900 copies in Japan in the first week, debuting and peaking at number 3 on the Oricon Weekly Singles Chart. The single has sold a total of 39,778 copies as of October 2016. In order to promote the song and the mini-album, the group performed \"10 Seconds\" and \"Good Luck\" on several South Korean music programs in the first week of promotions. On May 17, the group held their first comeback stage on SBS MTV's \"The Show\", followed by MBC MUSIC's \"Show Champion\", Mnet's \"M Countdown\", KBS's \"Music Bank\", MBC's \"Show! Music Core\" and SBS's \"Inkigayo\" on May 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 respectively. On May 24, the group took the first trophy for first place for \"Good Luck\" on \"The Show\" and on May 25, the group took the second trophy, this time on \"Show Champion\". The group abruptly ended promotions after only two weeks of performances stating schedules conflicts. AOA first performed the Japanese version of \"Good Luck\" in their second Japan concert tour titled, AOA Summer Concert in Japan ~Angels World 2016~, on July 1 and July 3, 2016. Shortly after the release, the music video for \"Good Luck\" became unavailable. It was re-uploaded on their YouTube channel with edited parts. FNC Entertainment stated saying \"excluding the vehicles, we admit that other products in the music video were included as product placement. The vehicles, however, were merely borrowed due to the local situation and we had no intention to show [the brand].\" On May 27, 2016 AOA received the third trophy for first place for the song on \"Music Bank\" winning against Twice's \"Cheer Up\", generating public doubt for the final score obtained. Two days later, on May 29, producers from the show admitted the mistake stating that the person in charge of calculate the scores did the error on the excel sheet, revealing that the group took second place for the last week of May. The trophy was not taken away by the show. Good Luck (AOA song) \"Good Luck\" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group AOA for their fourth extended play of"
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"retrieved": [
"Curt Lincoln Curt \"Curre\" Richard Lincoln (25 October 1918 in Stockholm – 28 August 2005 in Espoo) was one of the most famous race car drivers in Finland. His racing career started with hydroplanes in 1947. In 1949 he changed to a 500 cc Effyh, later he also drove cars such as Jaguar D types, Ferraris and Formula 3 Coopers. During his career he drove around 400 races and had around 200 wins. He won 14 Finnish Eläintarha races between 1951 and 1962 in the Formula 3 and Junior classes. Other wins were the GP of Angola and two class wins at the Swedish GP in Kristianstad. Curt was also a top level tennis player, being Finnish and Swedish Champion. He was also one of the organisers when Keimola Motor Stadium was built in Finland. He had his last win in 1967 with F3 Brabham BT 21 at Keimola and retired from racing in the next year. Curt Lincoln became a Finnish Citizen in 1961. His daughter Nina was married to Formula One World Champion Jochen Rindt. He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki. Curt Lincoln Curt \"Curre\" Richard Lincoln (25 October 1918 in Stockholm – 28 August"
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"Curry County, New Mexico Curry County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,376. Its county seat is Clovis. The county is named in honor of George Curry, territorial governor of New Mexico from 1907 to 1910. Curry County comprises the Clovis, NM Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Clovis-Portales, NM Combined Statistical Area. It is located on the far eastern state line, adjacent to the state of Texas, forming part of the region of Eastern New Mexico. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.2%) is water. It is the fourth-smallest county in New Mexico by area. As of the 2000 census, there were 45,044 people, 16,766 households, and 11,870 families residing in the county. The population density was 32 people per square mile (12/km²). There were 19,212 housing units at an average density of 14 per square mile (5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 72.40% White, 6.86% Black or African American, 1.00% Native American, 1.78% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 14.08% from other races, and 3.75% from two or more races. 30.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 16,766 households out of which 38.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.00% were married couples living together, 12.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.20% were non-families. 25.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.15. In the county, the population was spread out with 30.10% under the age of 18, 11.50% from 18 to 24, 28.80% from 25 to 44, 18.10% from 45 to 64, and 11.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 97.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.30 males. The median income for a household in the county was $28,917, and the median income for a family was $33,900. Males had a median income of $25,086 versus $19,523 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,049. About 15.50% of families and 19.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.10% of those under age 18 and 14.30% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 census, there were 48,376 people, 18,015 households, and 12,341 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 20,062 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 69.7% white, 6.3% black or African American, 1.3% Asian, 1.2% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 17.2% from other races, and 4.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 39.5% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 11.2% were German, 11.0% were American, 8.0% were Irish, and 6.7% were English. Of the 18,015 households, 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.5% were non-families, and 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.18. The median age was 31.5 years. The median income for a household in the county was $38,090 and the median income for a family was $48,933. Males had a median income of $35,743 versus $26,585 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,925. About 15.5% of families and 20.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.9% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over. Curry County, New Mexico Curry County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,376. Its county seat is Clovis. The county is named in honor of George Curry, territorial governor of New Mexico from 1907 to 1910. Curry County comprises the"
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"retrieved": [
"Fodil Hadjadj Fodil Hadjadj (; born April 18, 1983 in Bologhine, Alger) is an Algerian football player. He currently plays for CR Belouizdad in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1. Hadjadj began his career in the junior ranks at MC Alger. During a tournament with the MCA's junior team in France, he was noticed by scouts for FC Nantes and signed to the academy team there. In 2003, he signed a 2-year professional contract with FC Nantes and went on to make 23 appearances and scoring 1 goal for the club in his 2 seasons at the club. In 2005, despite interest from several Italian Serie B teams, he returned to MC Alger. Hadjadj was part of the Algerian 2004 African Nations Cup team, who finished second in their group in the first round of competition before being defeated by Morocco in the quarter-finals. Fodil Hadjadj Fodil Hadjadj (; born April 18, 1983 in Bologhine, Alger) is an Algerian football player. He currently plays for CR Belouizdad in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1. Hadjadj began his career in the junior ranks at MC Alger. During a tournament with the MCA's junior team in France, he was noticed by scouts for FC"
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"Richard Cockerill Richard Cockerill (born 16 December 1970) is a former English rugby union footballer who played as a hooker. In 2017 he was named as the head coach of Guinness Pro14 side Edinburgh Rugby signing a two-year deal with the SRU. He extended his contract in April 2018 to remain as head coach with Edinburgh until 2021. Cockerill was born in Rugby. Joining Leicester Tigers, he established himself as the B of the \"ABC club\" alongside Graham Rowntree (A) and Darren Garforth (C). Cockerill was an unused replacement for both the 2001 and 2002 Heineken Cup finals. He made his England debut against Argentina in 1997 and later his first match at Twickenham was as a half-time replacement for the Bath hooker Andy Long in Clive Woodward's first match in charge against the Wallabies; Long was young and clearly out of his depth. Cockerill's performance earned him a starting place against New Zealand, where he stood up to Norm Hewitt during the haka (see book cover). A dip in form led him to lose his first choice hooking position at Leicester to Dorian West. He was also dropped from the England side after criticising Woodward in his book entitled \"In Your Face\". He subsequently moved to France, but signed again for Leicester for the 2004–05 season. In 2005 he was appointed forwards coach at Leicester Tigers succeeding John Wells. Cockerill served as acting head coach of Leicester Tigers in the early part of the 2007–08 season before Marcelo Loffreda arrived from Argentina in the wake of the Pumas' third-place finish in the 2007 Rugby World Cup. He also took over as acting head coach in February 2009 after Heyneke Meyer resigned due to family reasons. On 17 April 2009, Cockerill was confirmed in the head coach role. On 16 May he guided Leicester to win the Guinness Premiership with a 10–9 win over London Irish in the final. A week later they lost in the final of the Heineken cup to Leinster 19–16 in Edinburgh. In the 2009–10 season Cockerill also led The Tigers to a second Premiership title in a row with a win over Saracens at Twickenham. On 13 December 2016, it was announced that Cockerill was to be fired from his position if he did not 'turn a corner' and subsequent defeats against various teams along with the players themselves asking for a change. On 2 January 2017 he was sacked after a home loss to Saracens in the Premiership. Four days later, on 6 January 2017, he found a position with French TOP 14 team Toulon as a member of the coaching team for the 2016-2017 season. On 20 February 2017, it was announced Cockerill has been appointed as head coach of Edinburgh Rugby for the 2017–18 Pro14 season. Richard Cockerill Richard Cockerill (born 16 December 1970) is a former English rugby union footballer who played as a hooker. In 2017 he was named as the head coach of Guinness Pro14 side Edinburgh Rugby signing"
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"Mixed affective state Traditionally, a mixed affective state, formerly known as a mixed-manic or mixed episode, has been defined as a state wherein features unique to both depression and mania—such as despair, fatigue, morbid or suicidal ideation, racing thoughts, pressure of activity, and heightened irritability—occur either simultaneously or in very short succession. Previously, the diagnostic criteria for both a manic and depressive episode had to be met in a consistent and sustained fashion, with symptoms enduring for at least a week (or any duration if psychiatric hospitalization was required), thereby restricting the official acknowledgement of mixed affective states to only a minority of patients with bipolar I disorder. In current (DSM-V) nomenclature, however, a \"mixed episode\" no longer stands as an episode of illness unto itself; rather, the symptomology specifier \"with mixed features\" can be applied to any major affective episode (manic, hypomanic, or depressive), meaning that they are now officially recognized in patients with, in addition to bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder and, by convention, major depressive disorder; a depressive mixed state in a patient, however, even in the absence of discrete periods of mania or hypomania, effectively rules out unipolar depression. Although convention dictates diagnosing such patients with major depressive disorder, it is more appropriate to classify such a patient as having an \"Other Specified Bipolar or Related Disorder\" and certainly following up such patients in the long-term, to ascertain the eventual appearance of an episode of mania or hypomania (with or without mixed features), which would prompt diagnostic revision. As of now the diagnosis is only made as depression initially and later modified to agitated depression. In those uncommon cases wherein the diagnostic criteria for both a manic and depressive episode are met, constituting what were heretofore classified as \"mixed episodes\", such a patient would be diagnosed as having a \"manic episode with mixed features\", because of the substantial social and occupational dysfunction inherent in such a state. As affirmed by the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\", fifth edition (DSM-5), the symptomology specifier \"with mixed features\" can be applied to manic episodes of bipolar I disorder, hypomanic episodes of either bipolar I disorder or bipolar II disorder, and depressive episodes of either bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder, with at least three concurrent features of the opposite polarity being present. As a result, the presence of \"mixed features\" are now recognized in patients with bipolar II disorder and major depression; as earlier noted, however, although it is customary to withhold a diagnosis of a bipolar disorder until a manic or hypomanic episode appears, the presence of such features in a depressed patient even with no history of discrete mania or hypomania is strongly suggestive of the disorder. Two features of both mania or hypomania and depression may superficially overlap and even resemble each other, namely \"an increase in goal-directed activity\" (psychomotor acceleration) vs. psychomotor agitation and \"flight of ideas\" and \"racing thoughts\" vs. depressive rumination. Attending to the patient's experiences is very important. In the psychomotor agitation commonly seen in depression, the \"nervous energy\" is always overshadowed by a strong sense of exhaustion and manifests as purposeless movements (e.g., pacing, hand-wringing); in psychomotor acceleration, however, the excess in movement stems from an abundance of energy and is often channelled and purposeful. Likewise, in depressive rumination, the patient experiences the repetitive thoughts as heavy, leaden, and plodding; in psychic acceleration, however, (as seen in mania or hypomania) the thoughts move in a rapid progression, with many themes, rather than a singular one, being touched upon. Even when such experiences are accounted for on the basis of depression, the possibility does still exist, however, that the depressive episode may be complicated by other manic or hypomanic symptoms, in which case it is often prudent to attend to the patient's personal and family history (e.g., family history of bipolar disorder, early age of onset) to determine whether or not the patient has bipolar disorder. Treatment of mixed states is typically based upon administration of mood stabilizing medication, which may include anticonvulsants such as valproic acid; atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone; or first-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol. There is question of lithium's efficacy for treatment of mixed states due to conflicting conclusions drawn from various trials and research. Mood stabilizers work to reduce the manic symptoms associated with the mixed state, but they are not considered particularly effective for improving concurrent depressive symptoms. Mixed affective state Traditionally, a mixed affective state, formerly known as a mixed-manic or mixed episode, has been defined as a state wherein features unique to both depression and mania—such as despair, fatigue, morbid or suicidal ideation, racing thoughts, pressure of activity, and heightened irritability—occur either simultaneously or in very short succession. Previously, the diagnostic criteria for both a manic and depressive"
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"Neutral build In software development, a neutral build is a software build that reflects the current state of the source code checked into the source code version control system by the developers, and done in a neutral environment (an environment not used for development). A nightly build is a neutral build that takes place automatically. These typically take place when no one is likely to be working in the office so that there are no changes to the source code during the build. The results of the build are inspected by the arriving programmers, who generally place a priority on ensuring the recent changes to the source code have not broken the build process or functionality of the software. Nightly builds also ensure that the build tools have not broken due to system updates, and are therefore often run whether any source code has changed or not. In contrast, continuous integration environments automatically rebuild the project whenever changes are checked in – often several times a day – and provide more immediate feedback; however, they do not necessarily include nightly builds. As a result, compiler and tool updates may break the ability to compile older projects easily without warning. Nonetheless, CI techniques are considered the more modern approach. CI jobs are often run on isolated virtual machines, and typically include automated testing as well. When someone says a developer \"broke the build\", they are effectively saying that a developer checked in code which might very well have compiled (and hopefully also run properly) in their account, but does not compile (and therefore, cannot be run) in anyone else's account. This is typically due to additional developer-specific changes that were either not checked in, or (in the case of environment variables, etc.) were modifications to systems not under revision control. One of the most common cases is remembering to check in all \"modified\" files, but forgetting to add \"newly created\" files to the repository. If the other developers check out the new code without being aware of the problem, their work may grind to a halt while they wait for the problem to be fixed (or try to fix it themselves, which can be even more problematic, if multiple developers attempt to fix the issue at the same time). This naturally can result in a significant loss of productivity. Neutral builds are important for software development processes running at high loads with short schedules (see extreme programming, startup). Not having them means that any build that needs to be created for the software quality assurance department will use code that may be in the middle of major modifications, and which is therefore best left out of a build intended for independent validation – particularly a build being evaluated for possible release. Some obstacles to a reliable neutral build process are: The following list gives some examples of software that has publicly available nightly and/or neutral builds. Neutral build In software development, a neutral build is a software build that reflects the"
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"Mike Enos Michael \"Mike\" Enos (born June 11, 1963) is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with the American Wrestling Association (AWA) and World Championship Wrestling (WCW) under his birth name and with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) as Blake Beverly. For much of his career, Enos teamed with Wayne Bloom as The Destruction Crew/The Beverly Brothers. Mike Enos started wrestling in the late 1980s after being trained by Eddie Sharkey signing with the AWA due to trainer Eddie Sharkey’s connections in the federation. Early on Enos worked mainly as a referee but slowly got more and more bookings as a wrestler. Early on he was billed as \"The Construction Worker\" Mike Enos. That name was soon replaced by “Mean” Mike Enos as he teamed up with fellow rookie Wayne \"The Train\" Bloom to form The Destruction Crew. The Destruction Crew was managed by Johnny Valiant. In the fall of 1989 the Destruction Crew challenged then AWA World Tag Team champions Ken Patera and Brad Rheingans to a \"car lifting\" contest. During the challenge the Destruction Crew attacked Patera and Rhenigans and injured them (Storyline) and forced them to vacate the tag team titles. A tournament was set up to crown new tag team champions. In the tournament, the Destruction Crew would defeat the team of Sgt. Slaughter and Baron von Raschke in the first round and then beat Greg Gagne and Paul Diamond in the finals to win the titles. That victory combined with their devious tactics earned the duo a joint Rookie of the Year award from the readers of \"Pro Wrestling Illustrated\", which is the only time a tag team has won the award. At the last original AWA television taping on August 11, 1990 the Destruction Crew lost the AWA tag-team titles to longtime rivals The Trooper and D.J. Peterson. While still AWA World Tag Team Champions, the Destruction Crew joined World Championship Wrestling during the spring of 1990. In WCW they wrestled under masks as the \"Minnesota Wrecking Crew II\" and were managed by Ole Anderson who was part of the original Minnesota Wrecking Crew. They attempted without success to win the NWA World Tag Team Championship from The Steiner Brothers during a brief feud. Enos also made a one-off appearance at WrestleWar 1990 as the (masked) third member of The Skyscrapers, called \"The Masked Skyscraper.\" He was a last-minute replacement for Dan Spivey, who had left WCW days earlier. After the AWA closed, the Destruction Crew went to Japan and compete in a series of matches in the New Japan Pro Wrestling including an unsuccessful title match against then IWGP Tag Team Champions Keiji Mutoh and Masahiro Chono on August 19, 1990. In May 1991, Enos and Bloom signed with the World Wrestling Federation. The two wrestlers were repackaged as a team of spoiled rich brothers from Shaker Heights, Ohio. They became known as the Beverly Brothers, with Enos given the name Blake Beverly while Bloom was given the name Beau Beverly. They were originally managed by Coach, then later on by The Genius. The team was initially promoted as a force to be reckoned with in the tag team division. After making their WWF pay-per-view debut on a winning team at Survivor Series '91, they were launched into feuds with the Legion of Doom, The Bushwhackers (who they defeated at the 1992 Royal Rumble) and The Natural Disasters (who they unsuccessfully challenged for the WWF World Tag Team Championship at SummerSlam '92). By the later part of 1992, however, they would be used primarily to put over other tag teams; they were on the losing end of an eight-man elimination tag team match at Survivor Series '92 and were defeated by their old rivals The Steiner Brothers at the 1993 Royal Rumble. The team broke up in 1993 when Bloom decided to leave the business. Enos stuck around for a while longer, mostly serving as an enhancement talent on the WWF's weekly syndicated shows. After leaving the WWF, Enos made several appearances for New Japan Pro Wrestling before returning to WCW in 1996. Enos was initially known as The Mauler, but then returned to wrestling under his real name as he had in the AWA. He teamed with Dick Slater as \"Rough & Ready\" and once again worked mainly as enhancement talent for tag teams on the rise. In 1997 Enos and Bloom had a brief reunion in WCW, with the announcers briefly acknowledging their history as a team. After a few matches together the team split up without much fanfare. He was managed by Col. Rob Parker but did not have much success. A notable moment in Enos' second WCW run was him wrestling against Steve Doll on the May 27, 1996 episode of \"WCW Monday Nitro\" when Scott Hall interrupted and made his WCW debut, planting the seeds for the New World Order. Enos and Wayne Bloom had a brief reunion in 1997 but remained low-card performers, and after a few matches together, the team finally disbanded. Enos competed in the WCW double elimination tournament for the vacated WCW tag team titles in February 1999 teaming with Bobby Duncum Jr and became one of the final four teams along with Chris Benoit and Dean Malenko, Dave Taylor and Fit Finlay, and Curt Hennig and Barry Windham, until he and Scotty Riggs (replacing Duncum) were eliminated by Benoit and Malenko. Enos retired from wrestling in 2000 after working on the WCW weekend shows and smaller independent shows. In July 2016, Enos was named part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and that the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit is litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE. The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018. Mike Enos Michael \"Mike\" Enos (born June 11, 1963) is"
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"Superkilen Superkilen is a public park in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Designed by the arts group Superflex with the collaboration of Bjarke Ingels Group and Topotek1, a German landscape architecture firm, the park was officially opened in June 2012. The project is part of an urban improvement plan coordinated by the City of Copenhagen in a partnership with Realdania. The objective is to upgrade the Nørrebro neighbourhood to a high standard of urban development liable to inspire other cities and districts. The park is intended to celebrate diversity. Filled with objects from around the globe, it is designed as a kind of world exposition for the local inhabitants, covering over 60 nationalities, who have been able to contribute their own ideas and artefacts to the project. Stretching some along either side of a public cycle track and covering a total area of some , Superkilen is made up of three main areas: a red square, a black market and a green park. While the red square, painted bright red, orange and pink, focuses on recreation and modern living, the black market at the centre is the classic square with a fountain where neighbours can meet, with its barbecue grills and palm trees from China. The green park, literally entirely green, has rolling hills, trees and plants suitable for picnics, sports and dog-walking. Many of the objects in the park have been specially imported or copied from foreign designs. They include swings from Iraq, benches from Brazil, a fountain from Morocco and litter bins from England. There are neon signs from throughout the world advertising everything from a Russian hotel to a Chinese beauty parlour. Even the manhole covers come from Zanzibar, Gdansk and Paris. In all, there are 108 plants and artefacts illustrating the ethnic diversity of the local population. The project was rewarded with a 2013 AIA Honor Award in the Regional & Urban Design category by the American Institute of Architects. It was shortlisted for Design of the Year by the Design Museum in London as well as for the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture. Superkilen Superkilen is a public park in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Designed by the arts group Superflex with the collaboration of Bjarke Ingels Group and Topotek1, a German landscape architecture firm, the park was officially opened in June 2012. The project is part of an urban improvement plan"
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"Prevelly, Western Australia Prevelly is a townsite in the South West region of Western Australia. It is located on the coast at the mouth of Margaret River at the northern end of Calgardup Bay. At the , Prevelly had a population of 177. It was privately subdivided by Geoff Edwards in the early 1960s and named Prevelly; the shire petitioned for a townsite to be declared in 1977 and it was duly gazetted in 1978. The town was named after the Preveli monastery on Crete. Edwards was among the Australian soldiers given shelter at the St. John Monastery in 1941 prior to evacuation aboard . To thank the people of Crete and the Monastery, he began construction of a St. John the Theologian chapel in Prevelly. A fund for this purpose was established in 1984 and drew support from both Australian and British former service men. The Cape to Cape Track passes through Prevelly. Prevelly beaches and the adjacent coastline are locations of some significant surf breaks Prevelly, Western Australia Prevelly is a townsite in the South West region of Western Australia. It is located on the coast at the mouth of Margaret River at the northern end of Calgardup"
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"Saint Helena at the Commonwealth Games The British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, simply known as \"Saint Helena\", the most populous region in the territory, has competed in five Commonwealth Games. The first was in 1982, after which they were absent from the Games for sixteen years, before returning in 1998. They have competed in every subsequent Games to date. Saint Helena has never won a medal at the Commonwealth Games. The territory changed its name in 2009 — previously it was known as \"St Helena and Dependencies\". The remoteness of the territory and lack of transport links to the rest of the world makes it difficult for teams to reach the Commonwealth Games. Saint Helena at the Commonwealth Games The British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, simply known as \"Saint Helena\", the most populous region in the territory, has competed in five Commonwealth Games. The first was in 1982, after which they were absent from the Games for sixteen years, before returning in 1998. They have competed in every subsequent Games to date. Saint Helena has never won a medal at the Commonwealth Games. The territory changed its name"
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"Humana Humana Inc. is a for-profit American health insurance company based in Louisville, Kentucky. Humana had over 13 million customers in the U.S., reported a 2013 revenue of US$41.3 billion, and had 51,600 employees. In 2018, the company ranked 56 on the Fortune 500 list, which made it the highest ranked (by revenues) company based in Kentucky. It has been the third largest health insurance in the nation. The U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services investigated Humana in 2009 for sending flyers to Medicare recipients that the AARP characterized as deceptive. The company's managed care model has also been criticized for ethical lapses and limitations. The health insurer Aetna said on July 3, 2015, that it had agreed to acquire its smaller rival Humana for $37 billion in cash and stock but walked away from the deal after a court ruling that the merger would be anti-competitive. Lawyers David A. Jones, Sr. and Wendell Cherry founded a nursing home company in 1961. The company known in 1968 as Extendicare Inc., became the largest nursing home company in the United States. In 1972, Jones and Cherry sold the nursing home chain, to purchase hospitals. In 1974, the partners changed the corporate name to Humana Inc. The name was meant to change public perception from 'warehousing' or indifferently treating people to providing a higher-level of human care and, by extension, more humane care. It grew in the following years, both by business and in 1978 through the takeover of American Medicorp Inc., which doubled the company's size, and growing into the world's largest hospital company in the 1980s. During this period, Humana developed the double corridor model for hospital construction. This design minimized the distance between patients and nurses by placing nursing support services in the interior of the building with patient rooms surrounding the perimeter. As the American health care system changed in the 1980s, \"one of its hospitals in Arizona lost a contract with the largest health-maintenance organization in the area [and] Humana created its own health insurance plan. In 1993, Humana had become the largest hospital operator in the country owning 77 hospitals. Humana executives spun off hospital operations from health insurance operations, to create Galen Health Care. The following year they sold the 73 hospitals of Galen Health Care Inc. to Nashville-based Columbia Hospital Corporation of America for $3.4 billion. In 1998, one year after Jones has stepped aside as CEO, United Healthcare made an unsuccessful attempt to acquire Humana. Humana pulled out of the acquisition after United stock dropped $2.9 billion in value. In 2001, Humana was a cofounder of Availity. In 2005, Humana entered into a business partnership with Virgin Group, offering financial incentives to members for healthy behavior, such as regular exercise. On November 16, 2006, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Humana Inc. partnered to expand on traditional private-sector approaches to population health management. In 2006, Humana launched an education campaign to market (MA) and Prescription Drug Plans (PDP) nationwide to Medicare eligible consumers, following the passage of the Medicare modernization act. The same year Humana launched RightSource, a national mail-order retail pharmacy business. In its March 2008 issue, \"Fortune Magazine\" named Humana one of the Top 5 Most Admired Healthcare Companies in the United States. In 2010, Humana bought Texas-based Concentra Inc., which owns urgent-care and physical therapy centers, for $790 million, effectively returning to health care services. In May 2011, Humana announced it would be using mobileStorm to transmit protected health information to patients. In March 2015, Humana announced the sale of Concentra to private equity firm Welsh, Carson, Anderson & Stowe and Select Medical Holdings Corporation for about $1 billion, with proceeds to fund a \"$2 billion share buyback program and other corporate spending\". In July 2015, Aetna announced that it would acquire Humana for $37 billion in cash and stock (approximately $230 a share at that time). Aetna and Humana shareholders would own 74% and 26% of the new combined company, however the merger was blocked by a federal judge in January 2017. In February 2017, Aetna Inc. and Humana Inc. quashed a $34 billion merger agreement after judges ruled against the merger for a second time. In July 2018, Humana joined two private equity firms in the acquisition of Kindred Healthcare. The deal provided Humana with a 40% stake in the company's home health, hospice and community care businesses, called \"Kindred at Home,\" for approximately $800 million. The Humana Building in Louisville, Kentucky is an example of postmodern architecture designed by Michael Graves and completed in 1985. Humana's mail-order facility, Humana Pharmacy has operated out of Phoenix, Arizona and West Chester, Ohio. Humana's call centers are located in Cincinnati, Ohio and other areas. LPGA player Nancy Scranton is a spokesperson for Humana. In the past, PGA Tour player David Toms' David Toms Foundation has partnered with the Humana Foundation to provide grants to several children's charities in New Orleans. Humana is the official health benefits provider of the PGA Tour and Champions Tour. The Humana Distaff Handicap is a Grade 1 race for thoroughbred fillies and mares, four-years-old and up. The race is run each spring on Kentucky Derby day at Churchill Downs and set at a distance of 7 furlongs for a purse of $250,000. Humana is the presenting sponsor of the \"Grand Ole Opry\". Since 1979 Humana has been a principal sponsor of the annual Humana Festival of New American Plays in Louisville, Kentucky. In 1993 Humana founded Humana Military Healthcare Services (HMHS) as a wholly owned subsidiary. From 2004 to 2009, HMHS was the managed care contractor for the Department of Defense Military Health System TRICARE South Region. In 2009, HMHS' Managed Care Support Contract was awarded to United Military and Veterans Services, a subsidiary of UnitedHealth Group. HMHS protested that decision and the Government Accountability Office upheld the protest in late 2009. In 2011, HMHS regained the five-year contract to administer medical benefits to military members and families in the South region, a contract worth $23.5 billion. In 1987, Humana sued NBC over a story line in the television medical drama \"St. Elsewhere\" whereas the hospital was to be sold to a for-profit medical corporation and renamed \"Ecumena,\" with subsequent changes to the hospital, both positive and negative, emanating from that change. Humana was successful at forcing NBC into showing a disclaimer at the beginning of the September 30 episode saying that the drama had no connection whatsoever with Humana. On May 30, 1996, Linda Peeno, a physician who was contracted to work for Humana for nine months, testified before Congress as to the downside of managed care. Peeno said she was effectively rewarded by her employer for causing the death of a patient, because it saved the company a half-million dollars. Peeno stated that she felt the \"managed care\" model was inherently unethical. In 1999 season one of Michael Moore's TV series \"The Awful Truth\" featured Humana refusing to pay for a diabetic patient with pancreatic failure needing a transplant. A contradictory policy stated that all of this man's diabetes related expenses were covered by his plan, but another section stated that it did not cover organ transplants. Moore conducted a fake funeral on the front steps of the Humana building and three days later, Humana changed their policy and authorized the man's treatment.. Michael Moore's 2007 documentary \"Sicko\" used the video of Linda Peeno's testimony. On June 28, 2007, Humana declared that Peeno was never a Humana \"associate\" (permanent, full-time employee), but rather a \"part-time contractor\". Humana disputed portions of her Congressional testimony by",
"unethical. In 1999 season one of Michael Moore's TV series \"The Awful Truth\" featured Humana refusing to pay for a diabetic patient with pancreatic failure needing a transplant. A contradictory policy stated that all of this man's diabetes related expenses were covered by his plan, but another section stated that it did not cover organ transplants. Moore conducted a fake funeral on the front steps of the Humana building and three days later, Humana changed their policy and authorized the man's treatment.. Michael Moore's 2007 documentary \"Sicko\" used the video of Linda Peeno's testimony. On June 28, 2007, Humana declared that Peeno was never a Humana \"associate\" (permanent, full-time employee), but rather a \"part-time contractor\". Humana disputed portions of her Congressional testimony by saying that because the patient's healthcare plan did not cover heart transplants, denial of coverage was valid. On September 21, 2009 the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services opened an investigation into Humana mass mailings to elderly Medicare recipients. The mail was made to appear to contain official information about Medicare Advantage and prescription drug benefit information, but instead alleged that core Medicare benefits could be cut by the Obama administration's healthcare reform, a claim refuted by John Rother, AARP's executive vice president. Douglas Elmendorf, the head of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) supported the claim that Medicare benefits could be cut, but his comments were in reference to just one of several congressional bills. CBO estimates of another healthcare reform bill found that changes to premiums would vary. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services instructed Humana to cease all such mailings to Medicare plan members pending an investigation. HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, in a letter to the insurance industry, threatened that bad actors may be excluded from new health insurance markets that were to open in 2014. Senate Republicans pointed out in a letter to Sebelius, that a 1997 directive from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services explicitly allowed HMOs to tell members about legislation and urge them to express opinions. As of June 19, 2017 the Humana Military android app is rated at 2.3 out of 5 stars, based on 91 reviews. The Humana Military apple app is rated at 1.5 stars out of 5, based on 28 ratings. As of August 4, 2017 the MyHumana android app is rated 4 out of 5 stars, based on 877 reviews. The MyHumana apple app is rated 3 stars out of 5, based on 377 ratings. Humana Humana Inc. is a for-profit American health insurance company based in Louisville, Kentucky. Humana had over 13 million customers in the U.S., reported a 2013 revenue of US$41.3 billion, and had 51,600 employees. In 2018, the company ranked 56 on the Fortune 500 list, which"
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"Drago Siliqi Drago Siliqi (1930–1963) was an Albanian poet, literary critic, and publisher. At the age of 14 he became a scout and then a partisan of the National Liberation Movement. He published his first collection of poetry, and then pursued university studies at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Moscow. After he returned to Albania from his studies, he became an editor and, later, a publisher and literary critic at the state owned publishing house Naim Frashëri. There, he encouraged writers such as Ismail Kadare through his literary reviews; he also led the company to publish more translations of foreign literary works into Albanian through the hiring of affirmed writers. Siliqi died in 1963, at the age of 33, during an Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-104B crash near Irkutsk, Soviet Union. Drago Siliqi was born on June 9, 1930 in Tirana, Albania. Nephew of the Albanian National Awakening activist and poet Risto Siliqi, in 1944 Drago became a scout and then a partisan of the National Liberation Movement. His first book was published when he was 15, followed by others. He studied literature at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Moscow. After graduating, he returned to Albania and worked as editor and then director of the publishing house Naim Frashëri. Siliqi was noted for his work as director of publishing during the 1957-1963 period. Not only was he key to helping young poets and writers such as Ismail Kadare and Fatos Arapi fully develop themselves, but the publishing house under his direction saw a boom of translations from foreign languages. This increase in translations was mainly due to Siliqi's work in gathering the best translators in Albania, such as Dhimitër Pasko, Lasgush Poradeci, and Skënder Çaçi. Most of the translators were affirmed and retired writers. He was literary critic for the most notable post-World Albanian authors, such Dritëro Agolli, Fatos Arapi, Petro Marko, Dhimitër Shuteriqi, Fatmir Gjata, and Qamil Buxheli. He also encouraged and helped Ismail Kadare to write \"The General of the Dead Army\", and to later expand it. Siliqi died on July 13, 1963 when the Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-104B, on which he was flying from China to Albania, crashed in the vicinity of the Siberian city of Irkutsk, Soviet Union. The crash killed all 32 passengers and crew, including six other Albanians. Drago Siliqi Drago Siliqi (1930–1963) was an Albanian poet, literary critic, and publisher. At the age of"
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"Cordero Channel Cordero Channel is a strait in British Columbia, Canada, located between the mainland and Vancouver Island, among the Discovery Islands north of the Strait of Georgia. Cordero Channel runs north of Sonora Island, East Thurlow Island, and part of West Thurlow Island. Its eastern end connects to the mouth of Bute Inlet and to Calm Channel, at Stuart Island. Its west end is marked by the mouth of Loughborough Inlet, beyond which the channel is called Chancellor Channel, which continues west to Johnstone Strait. There are four tidal rapids along Cordero Channel. The first is either Yuculta Rapids or Arran Rapids, depending on whether the channel is entered on the north or west side of Stuart Island. The following rapids from east to west are Gillard Passage Rapids, Dent Rapids, and Greene Point Rapids. Cordero Channel was named Canal de Cardero in 1792 during the Spanish expedition of Dionisio Alcalá Galiano and Cayetano Valdés y Flores, in honor of José Cardero (sometimes called Josef Cardero), the expedition's artist and draftsman. Cardero sailed on board Valdés's ship, the \"Mexicana\". He had sailed with Alessandro Malaspina from Spain on board the corvette \"Descubierta\", possibly as a servant. After one of the official artists left Malaspina's expedition in Peru, Cardero began regularly producing drawings and was confirmed as an artist of the expedition in Mexico, in 1791. Like Galiano and Valdés, who had also been part of the Malaspina expedition, Cardero was detached from Malaspina's main mission in order to explore the Strait of Georgia. After they returned to Mexico, Cardero assisted Galiano in preparing reports, maps, and engravings. The name Canal de Cardero changed over time to the present form, Cordero Channel, and expanded in geographic scope to include a larger area. The form \"Cardero\" survives in the name of Cardero Street in Vancouver's West End. There is also a small fishing lodge named Camp Cordero located at the North end of the Channel. The 1792 Spanish expedition of Galiano and Valdés used the term Canal de Cardero for only one part of today's Cordero Channel, that being the portion west of Phillips Arm. Their names for other parts of today's Cordero Channel include Canal de Remolinos (Yuculta Rapids), Angostura de los Commandantes (Arran Rapids), Canal de Carbajal (also Carvajal, north of Sonora Island), Canal del Engaño, and Canal de Olavide (both north of East Thurlow Island and east of Phillips Arm). Near Arran Rapids, which today marks the eastern end of Cordero Channel, the Spanish found a large village whose inhabitants were friendly. They warned the Spanish not to proceed through Arran Rapids because of strong currents and whirlpools. When the tide slackened the Spanish ships as well as a number of indigenous canoes passed through, entering Cordero Channel (this section of which the Spanish called Canal de Carbajal). By use of signs the natives indicated that the channel led to the sea. After making this discovery the Spanish returned to their base of operations where they met with the British expedition of George Vancouver for the last time before rejoining at Nootka Sound. The Spanish told Vancouver of their discovery of a passage to the sea and their intention to follow it. Soon after, a British scouting boat returned, having found Johnstone Strait. The two expeditions parted ways shortly afterwards, on July 13, 1792, with the British sailing through Discovery Passage and Johnstone Strait, while the Spanish went via Cordero Channel, Chancellor Channel, and Wellbore Channel. According to Galiano's report, Vancouver considered Cordero Channel too dangerous for his ships. From their anchorage between West Redonda Island and Cortes Island, the Spanish set sail for Cordero Channel on July 13, 1792. They sailed up Calm Channel and around the east side of Stuart Island before finally reaching Arran Rapids (Angostura de los Commandantes), the entrance of Cordero Channel, on July 18. They had difficulty entering and were set back several times. On July 19 they met another group of indigenous people who were catching large quantities of fish in the strait. With some guidance from the natives the Spanish came to better understand the nature of the currents and made a plan for passing through. When the tidal current slackened in the afternoon the Spanish ships entered, yet the current was still swift enough to render the ships incapable of steering. At one point Galiano's ship, the \"Sutil\", was caught in a whirlpool, but managed to escape. In the late evening, somewhere near Dent Island, they anchored in a cove, which they gave the name Anclage del Refugio. They named the first part of Cordero Channel Angostura de Carvajal and Canal de Carvajal, in honor of Ciriaco Gonzales Carvajal, an auditor of the Spanish Navy in Mexico (who would preside over the audit of Galiano and Valdés's voyage upon their return). The Spanish had difficulty passing Dent Rapids, finally managing to do so on July 23. They were again visited by indigenous canoes of the same natives they had met at Arran Rapids (whom they called the \"good Indians\"). The natives again provided guidance regarding the currents and suggested a route the Spanish ships should take. In addition the natives made maps for the Spanish, showing which channels were closed inlets and which were straits that led to the sea. The maps were made by placing books on a bed and pencils on a piece of paper. Having reached the northern end of Nodales Channel between Sonora Island and East Thurlow Island, the Spanish decided to continue west along today's Cordero Channel. They called this section of the channel Canal del Engaño. They entered it on July 26 and made quick progress to another section of Cordero Channel they called Canal de Olavide. They were carried by the current into the section they called Canal de Cardero, unable to steer or make way with oars. At the end of the day they were able to anchor at the mouth of Loughborough Inlet (Canal de Salamanca). The Spanish ships left their anchorage at Viana on July 27, 1792, and entered what is today called Chancellor Channel, thus leaving today's Cordero Channel. When they reached Hardwicke Island they turned to the northwest, leaving Chancellor Channel for Wellbore Channel (Canal de Nuevos Remolinos), which took them to Sunderland Channel and finally Johnstone Strait. Cordero Channel Cordero Channel is a strait in British Columbia, Canada, located between the mainland and Vancouver Island, among the Discovery Islands north of the Strait of Georgia. Cordero Channel runs north of Sonora Island, East Thurlow Island, and part of West Thurlow Island. Its eastern end connects to"
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"The Hideout (film) The Hideout () is a 2007 Italian-American mystery film written and directed by Pupi Avati. It marked the comeback of Avati to the thrilling genre (a genre he had successfully explored decades before in films such as \"The House with Laughing Windows\" and \"Zeder\") after a series of intimate dramas and nostalgic comedies. The protogonist of the film spent 50 years of her life in mental assylum. To start a new life she moved to her mansion encountering a crime that held 50 years ago. The film was generally poorly received by critics. \"Variety's\" writer Jay Weissberg criticized the direction of Avati, marked as \"incapable of turning the gothic into anything remotely interesting, delivering bland, predictable scenes devoid of tension\". \"The Hollywood Reporter\"'s critic Natasha Senjanovic noted the high kitsch value in the film, and blamed on the \"implausible and illogical\" plot twists. Italian film critic Paolo Mereghetti praised the cruel and non-obvious ending of the film chosen by Avati. The Hideout (film) The Hideout () is a 2007 Italian-American mystery film written and directed by Pupi Avati. It marked the comeback of Avati to the thrilling genre (a genre he had successfully explored decades before in"
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"Bill Crews (minister) William David \"Bill\" Crews AM (born 1944) is an Australian Christian minister of the Uniting Church. He is the minister of the Ashfield parish in Sydney's inner west. Bill Crews was born in England and migrated to Australia in his early years. He studied electrical engineering at the University of New South Wales under a scholarship provided by Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) (AWA). He worked with AWA in microelectronic research studying the properties of silicon until 1971, including building the first machine in Australia to grow ultra pure single crystal silicon. In late 1969, he first visited the Wayside Chapel in Kings Cross and ultimately became involved in voluntary programs, visiting the elderly, sick and shut-ins of the Woolloomooloo-Kings Cross area. By 1971, he had decided to quit engineering and work full-time at the Wayside Chapel. Crews was a member of the team that created the first 24-hour crisis centre in Australia. By 1972 he was director of the crisis centre and directed all the social work programs of the Wayside Chapel until 1983. During that time he established the first program in Australia to reunite adoptees and birth parents (Reunion Register), and the first program to assist parents who were at risk of abusing their children (Child Abuse Prevention Service). He also established the first modern youth refuge in Australia. In 1973 he was made a member of the New South Wales Drug and Alcohol Authority and was intimately involved in establishing drug rehabilitation, education and prevention programs throughout New South Wales. Together with Ted Noffs, in 1978 they created the first Life Education Centre, that have since spread all over Australia, Hong Kong, Thailand, New Zealand, England and America, promoting drug avoidance and harm minimisation strategies. He also hosts the radio program \"Sunday Night with Bill Crews\" on Sydney radio station 2GB. Guests have included Clive James, Helen Reddy, Bob Hawke and Kerry O'Brien. He is known to have a centre-left political viewpoint and was a strong critic of John Howard, a former Australian prime minister. Crews is the founder and chairman of the Exodus Foundation, a charity that assists homeless and abandoned youth. He is also the founder and CEO of the Bill Crews Charitable Trust. The Exodus Foundation's activities include a free kitchen (restaurant) in Ashfield which feeds 400 people each day, health both dental and medical and welfare services for the homeless and needy, and an outreach program for homeless youth. There is also a night food van providing meals to the homeless at Woolloomooloo. From 1996 to 2014 Exodus (in collaboration with MULTILIT) operated a literacy program which offered free remedial reading tuition to disadvantaged primary school children, with tutorial centres located in Ashfield, Redfern, Coen, Queensland and Darwin, Northern Territory . The NSW State Government terminated funding to the program on September 30, 2014, and the Ashfield and Redfern centres closed soon after, although The Bill Crews Trust continues to operate a literacy program for indigenous students in the Northern Territory. Crews has been awarded an International Paul Harris Fellow by the Rotary Foundation. He has been voted Father of the Year and Humanitarian of the Year (1992). In February 1998 Crews was included in the National Trust of Australia's 100 \"National Living Treasures\". In 1999 he was appointed a member of the Order of Australia (AM) for his services to the disadvantaged and his work with homeless youth. As part of the Sydney 2000 Olympics, Crews ran a leg of the Olympic Torch Relay and the Paralympic Torch Relay. He also distributed hundreds of donated tickets to those who would otherwise not have had the financial means to partake in the Olympic experience. In 2001 Crews was named Ashfield Citizen of the Year for his contribution to the local community. He received the William R. Tresise Fellowship Award from the Australian Lions Foundation in June 2001 – the highest honour the Foundation bestows for humanitarian services. In 2001 Crews also received an Alumni Award from the University of New South Wales. Crews is a patron of Australians For Just Refugee Programs and chairman of Fair Go Australia – an anti-racism project sponsored by the NSW Government through the Community Relations Commission. Bill Crews (minister) William David \"Bill\" Crews AM (born 1944) is an Australian Christian minister of the Uniting Church. He is the minister of the Ashfield parish in Sydney's inner west. Bill Crews was born in England and migrated to Australia in his early years. He studied electrical engineering at the University of New South Wales under a scholarship provided by Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) (AWA). He worked with AWA in microelectronic research studying the properties of silicon until 1971, including building the first machine in Australia to grow ultra pure single crystal silicon. In late 1969, he first visited"
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"Soroptimist Park Soroptimist Park is a foreshore park located in the suburb of Rowes Bay, Townsville, Australia. It contains lawns, barbecue areas, shade areas and an adventure playground, specifically designed to be suitable for all children, including those with disabilities. The park also contains some attractive Australian sculptures, added in 1988 as an Australian Bicentennial project. Further public art, in the form of mosaic tile works, were completed in 1994 as part of the International Year of the Child. The club of Soroptimist International of Townsville Inc. was the instigator of Soroptimist Park. In 1979 the land on which the park stands was gazetted as a future Adventure Playground. The Soroptimist International Club Townsville (SIT) made application to develop the site. This was achieved when in 1984 the Federal Government introduced Community Employment Programs (C.E.P.) and awarded $130,000 to the club who worked with the Council’s Parks Dept. Because the park was designed to benefit children with disabilities donations became tax deductible and materials sales tax exempt. Twelve unemployed workers, strictly in categories, male, female, handicapped and indigenous were recruited to work on the project. CEP guidelines allowed no machinery to be used and the project was guided by a leading-hand foreman (a skilled stonemason) and supervised by the Soroptimists. Careful planning and operation ensured minimal disruption to the character of the land. Irrigation equipment was installed by hand and 750 meters of winding concrete paths wide enough for two wheelchairs to pass were mixed and poured by hand. A center line brick track assisted the visually disabled and graphic Soroptimist International is a worldwide organization for women in management and professions, working through service projects to advance human rights and the status of women. There are currently have over 90,000 members in more than 3,000 clubs in 126 countries and territories. Soroptimist Park Soroptimist Park is a foreshore park located in the suburb of Rowes Bay, Townsville, Australia. It contains lawns, barbecue areas, shade areas and an adventure playground, specifically designed to be suitable for all children, including those with disabilities. The park also contains some attractive Australian sculptures, added in 1988 as an Australian Bicentennial project. Further public art, in the form of mosaic tile works, were completed in 1994 as part of the International Year of the Child. The club of Soroptimist International of Townsville Inc. was the instigator of Soroptimist Park. In 1979 the land on"
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"Jean-Luc Gaudiot Jean-Luc Gaudiot is a professor at the Henry Samueli School of Engineering at the University of California, Irvine. in 1977, he earned his M.S. at the University of California, Los Angeles and his Ph.D there in 1982. He served as the Editor-in-Chief on the IEEE Transactions on Computers from 1999 to 2000 until becoming the co-founder and founding Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Computer Architecture Letters from 2006 to 2009. From 2010 to 2015, he served as a member of the IEEE Computer Society Board of Governors. In 2013, he served as the Vice President of the IEEE Computer Society and Chair of Educational Activities Board. From 2014 and 2015, he served as the Vice President of the IEEE Computer Society and Chair of Publication Board and, in 2016, he served as the President-Elect of the IEEE Computer Society and, in 2017, he began serving as the President of the IEEE Computer Society. His interests are in computer architecture, information, communication and design and is one of the authors of Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems, a technical overview of autonomous vehicles written for a general computing and engineering audience. He is an elected IEEE fellow and a distinguished alumni at ESIEE Paris. Jean-Luc Gaudiot Jean-Luc Gaudiot is a professor at the Henry Samueli School of Engineering at the University of California, Irvine. in 1977, he earned his M.S. at the University of California, Los Angeles and his Ph.D there in 1982. He served as the Editor-in-Chief on the IEEE Transactions on Computers from 1999 to 2000 until becoming the co-founder and founding Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Computer Architecture Letters from 2006 to 2009. From 2010 to 2015, he served as a member of the IEEE Computer Society Board of Governors. In 2013, he served as the Vice President of the IEEE Computer"
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"Toyota Publica The Toyota Publica is a small car manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota from 1961 to 1978. Conceived as a family car to fulfill the requirements of the Japanese Government's \"national car concept\", it was the smallest Toyota car during that period and was superseded in that role by the Toyota Starlet, which itself started out as a version of the Publica. It was available as a 2-door vehicle only, but in a selection of body styles, ranging from the base sedan through a station wagon, convertible, coupé and even a coupe utility (pickup), which outlived the other models by a decade, and spawned other models, such as the Toyota Sports 800 or Toyota MiniAce. The origins of the Publica can be traced to the \"national car\" concept of the powerful Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), which was announced in 1955. The concept stipulated for a vehicle fulfilling several requirements, like maximum speed over , weight below , fuel consumption not exceeding at the average speed of on a level road, but also notably the requirement that the car would not break down or require significant repairs for at least . Although Eiji Toyoda was initially keen to take advantage of the, at that time innovative, FF concept (front-mounted engine with front-wheel drive), it proved technically too complicated for Toyota engineers to be able to complete within the allotted time, so the decision was made to switch to more conventional FR layout. The Publica was inspired by the successful Citroën 2CV which also used a 2-cylinder, air-cooled, horizontally opposed engine, with front-wheel drive. In spite of the fact that the government sources announced that significant tax breaks would be made for cars with engine displacements of less than 500 cc, Toyota decided that such a small engine would provide insufficient power on the highways, and increased the planned displacement to 700 cc. The resulting engine was an air-cooled 697 cc ohv 2-cylinder boxer which produced , and was known internally as the Toyota U engine. Fortunately for Toyota, the tax incentive announcements did actually not materialize; the displacement did classify in the lowest annual road tax bracket, which helped sales. The new car was given a two-door sedan body, which was intended to accommodate four people and a significant amount of luggage in the trunk, thus fulfilling the projected expectations of the customers. The car had a double wishbone suspension in the front and semi-elliptical leaf springs in the rear. While the name \"Publica\" was chosen with reference to the English phrase \"public car\", referring to the cars intended attainability and popularity, due to the lack of exact distinction between the \"l\" and \"r\" consonants in Japanese the name can be sometimes misinterpreted as something closer to paprika. The name is transliterated as \"パブリカ\" in Katakana, literally \"paburika\". The new car was given the internal designation of \"UP10\" and the market name of \"Publica\" and was sold through a new dealer network, separate from the previous \"Toyota\" and \"Toyopet\" dealerships, called \"Toyota Publica Store\" (later renamed as \"Toyota Corolla Store\"). Sales began in June 1961, with the basic price of . Initially, the car was very basic, lacking even such basic options like a radio or even a heater. This limited its appeal to the consumers, which were perceiving the automobile as an aspirational good and expected it to exude a much more luxurious impression. The former Central Motors produced the Publica convertible from October 1963. In 1962, a 2-door station wagon version was added, and a derivative model, Toyota Sports 800 (marketed initially as \"Publica Sport\") debuted at the Tokyo Motor Show. In 1963 Toyota added a new Deluxe trim level, denoted internally as \"type UP10D\", which featured such \"luxuries\" as reclining seats, Combustion heater or radio, as well as some chrome decors (the previous base model was now called Standard). With the appearance of the Deluxe, demand finally picked up, and when the convertible model was added the same year, sales of the Publica finally reached the target level of 3000–4000 monthly. In February 1964, a coupe utility (pickup) model joined the lineup, and in September the engine got a power boost to , while the Deluxe trim level was also made available for the wagon version. In 1966, Toyota launched the revised Publica range, designated UP20. The engine displacement was increased from 697 cc to 790 cc, and claimed power output from 35 hp to 36 hp (the engine was now called 2U) while the convertible received the twin carburetor engine from the Sports 800. Since October that year, the dealers were operating under the \"Toyota Publica\" (rather than just \"Publica\") brand, and the base price was reduced to for 1967 - as the US dollar stood at about at that time, Toyota marketed the Publica as the \"1000 dollar car\". The Publica dealerships were later renamed \"Toyota Corolla Store\" after the popularity of the Corolla won out over the Publica as an affordable, small car. In 1966, Toyota also launched the Toyota MiniAce cab over van, based on the UB20 Publica, as well as moved the production of the wagon version to Hino Motors in 1968, after the company was taken over by Toyota. 1968 also saw the launch of \"Publica Super\" version, which came with the engine of the Sports 800. The P20 Publica was replaced by the all-new P30 series in April 1969. The former Central Motors produced the Publica convertible until December 1968. Sales of the P10 and P20 Publicas: In April 1969, a whole new generation of the Publica was launched. The car was effectively now a scaled down version of the Corolla, sitting on a shortened Corolla wheel-base. While the air-cooled 790 cc 2U engine was retained in the cheapest domestic market versions, the cornerstone of the lineup was now the new K-series four-cylinder, water-cooled 993 cc engine (designated 2K) with , a lower-displacement version of the 1,077 cc engine used in the contemporary Toyota Corolla. The Publica 800 has and a top speed of only , while the 1100 SL could reach . The 800 and 1000 were available with Standard or Deluxe equipment, both in Sedan and Van bodystyles. The Van was somewhat slower, with claimed top speeds of for the respective versions. Originally a two-door sedan and a three-door wagon (called Van in Japan, as it was intended for commercial use) were available. The pickup version, added in October 1969, was now officially known as \"pickup\". The pickup was originally only available with the 1 liter engine, although the 1.2 was made available after the January 1972 facelift. The situation in the Japanese market changed, as demand developed rapidly, partially fuelled by the post-WWII \"baby boomers\" coming of age and gaining their driver's licenses. Having the Corolla firmly established as the family car offering, Toyota did not market the Publica as the \"popular car\" anymore, but rather as an entry-level vehicle for first-time young buyers. Many of the commercial iterations of the Publica were built by Hino Motors at their Hamura plant, beginning in 1970. Daihatsu also built Publicas, starting in September 1969. In 1969, the Publica dealerships were renamed \"Toyota Corolla\" dealerships. The most powerful version was the \"Publica SL\", which featured the 1.1 L K-B twin carburetor engine also offered in the \"Corolla SL\". In September, after only half a year, this engine was replaced by the 1.2 L 3K-B unit in both the Corolla and Publica SL's. At the same time, the Toyoglide automatic transmission became available in 1 litre Publicas. As Toyota had just started its relationship with Daihatsu, in 1969 the latter launched the Daihatsu Consorte, which was essentially a mildly restyled P30 Publica. It was, however, powered initially by Daihatsu's own 1.0-litre \"FE\" engine, which had already seen service in the previous Daihatsu model, the Compagno. 1970 saw minor changes to the range, including a new",
"In 1969, the Publica dealerships were renamed \"Toyota Corolla\" dealerships. The most powerful version was the \"Publica SL\", which featured the 1.1 L K-B twin carburetor engine also offered in the \"Corolla SL\". In September, after only half a year, this engine was replaced by the 1.2 L 3K-B unit in both the Corolla and Publica SL's. At the same time, the Toyoglide automatic transmission became available in 1 litre Publicas. As Toyota had just started its relationship with Daihatsu, in 1969 the latter launched the Daihatsu Consorte, which was essentially a mildly restyled P30 Publica. It was, however, powered initially by Daihatsu's own 1.0-litre \"FE\" engine, which had already seen service in the previous Daihatsu model, the Compagno. 1970 saw minor changes to the range, including a new instrument panel, and a new \"High Deluxe\" version featuring the single-carburetor version of the 1.2 L engine and front disc brakes. A more substantial facelift took place in January 1972, when the KP30 Publica was given new front and rear fascias and a new \"semi-fastback\" style. The U-engine model was dropped at this time, as the boxer unit could not clear emission standards anymore. 1973 saw the introduction of the Toyota Publica Starlet (designation KP40), a coupé version of the facelifted Publica. The last new version of the sedan was the KP50, a sedan version which featured the de-smogged 3K-U engine with . In June 1976 a five-speed transmission became available in the P50, the first Publica to be thus equipped. The facelifted sedan continued in production until January 1978, when it was replaced by the KP60, marketed as the Toyota Starlet. The Van was built until June 1979, while the Publica pickup was not withdrawn until August 1988. Later pickups were fitted with the desmogged 1,166 cc 3K-HJ (from November 1975) and then the 1,290 cc 4K-J engines (from June 1979), although export versions retained the 1-litre 2K engine. The pickup also received a five-speed gearbox from August 1985. The P30 Publica with the 993 cc 2K engine was known as the Toyota 1000 in most markets outside Japan. With a DIN rating, the engine had in export trim. The Toyota 1000 continued to be the only offering smaller than the Corolla in most export markets even after the Publica replacement (the P40 Toyota Starlet) was introduced for Japan in 1973. Branded as the Toyota 1000, the car was launched on the West German market, at the time Europe's largest national auto-market, in the fourth quarter of 1974. It had an unusually lavish list of included features that included radial tyres, front headrests, tinted windows, a heated rear window and even a radio. In some European markets such as Switzerland and the Netherlands, it was marketed with the additional name \"Copain\". In Belgium it was sold as the \"Toyota Osaka\" for a while. The pickup version was sold in Finland as the Toyota Timangi. The Toyota 1000 sedans and wagons were replaced by the P60 Starlet in 1978 but the Toyota 1000 pick-up continued to be sold next to the Starlet sedans and wagons. The Toyota 1000 range included a two-door sedan, a three-door wagon, and a two-door coupe utility (pickup). In South Africa, the Toyota 1000 range also included a pick-up with the 1,166 cc 3K engine. Toyota Publica The Toyota Publica is a small car manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota from 1961 to 1978. Conceived as a family car to fulfill the requirements of the Japanese Government's \"national car concept\", it was the smallest Toyota car during that period and was superseded in that role by the Toyota Starlet, which itself started out as a version of"
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"Leslie Baker (film executive) Leslie Forsyth Baker, ACA, (30 April 1903 – 2 December 1981), was a British film executive based at Ealing Studios; he worked with his brother, Reginald Baker. Baker entered the film industry in 1924 with Gainsborough Pictures; between 1930 and 1933, a senior partner in the accountancy firm of Baker, Todman and Co. He went on to become assistant general manager, production for Gainsborough and Gaumont British pictures corp, (1933–35). He was appointed director, secretary and general production manager and associate producer for Twentieth Century Productions Ltd, (1938–43). He joined Ealing studios as secretary in 1943 and was elected to the board in 1946. Baker married, in 1932, Doris Kathleen Godwin born in Bristol to Leonard George Godwin, a Bread maker based in Essex. Baker died at the age of 78. Leslie Baker (film executive) Leslie Forsyth Baker, ACA, (30 April 1903 – 2 December 1981), was a British film executive based at Ealing Studios; he worked with his brother, Reginald Baker. Baker entered the film industry in 1924 with Gainsborough Pictures; between 1930 and 1933, a senior partner in the accountancy firm of Baker, Todman and Co. He went on to become assistant general manager,"
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"Romsilva Regia Naţională a Pădurilor Romsilva of simply Romsilva is a Romanian state-owned enterprise responsible for dealing with the protection, preservation and development of publicly owned forests of the Romanian state, and the management of hunting and fishing grounds. Romsilva owns and manages of forests which represents 65% of all forests in the country. The company has its headquarters in Bucharest. Romsilva owns and manages of forests or around 65% of Romania's overall forests. The forests consist mainly of common beech 31.5%, coniferous trees 29.9%, pedunculate oak 18%, different species of hardwood trees 15.7% and various types of softwood trees 4.9%. Other important assets include 214 lodges, of which 187 are introduced in the online accommodation system, and 69 are placed for national and international tourist circuits. The company produced around of timber and timber products in 2009 of which 90% was exported to Egypt and 10% to the People's Republic of China. In 2009 Romsilva also harvested 6,750 metric tons of forest berries including vaccinium myrtillus, hippophae rhamnoides, rosa canina, vaccinium vitis-idaea, blackberry, crataegus monogyna and rubus idaeus, of which 3,100 metric tons were exported to Germany, Austria, France and the Netherlands. Romsilva is also an important fungus producer, having a total production of 25 metric tons of chanterelle, armillaria mellea, boletus edulis and morchella spongiola in 2009. The company also exported 2,650 rabbits and 3,000 pheasants mainly to Italy. Romsilva publishes \"Revista pădurilor\", the oldest journal published without interruption from Romania and one of the oldest forestry journals in the world. According to Dimitrova & Buzogány (2014) \"Romsilva was regarded as the main culprit behind the dramatic rise in illegal logging during the last decade, resulting in irreparable losses in forested territories. Its leadership has been accused of illegally contributing to campaign budgets of governing parties and of corrupt decisions in numerous local and national public procurement cases.\" Romsilva Regia Naţională a Pădurilor Romsilva of simply Romsilva is a Romanian state-owned enterprise responsible for dealing with the protection, preservation and development of publicly owned forests of the Romanian state, and the management of hunting and fishing grounds. Romsilva owns and manages of forests which represents 65% of all forests in the country. The company has its headquarters in Bucharest. Romsilva owns and manages of forests or around 65% of Romania's overall forests. The forests consist mainly of common beech 31.5%, coniferous trees 29.9%, pedunculate oak 18%, different species"
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"Irish Music Rights Organisation The Irish Music Rights Organisation (IMRO) is a national organisation that administers the performing right in copyright music in Ireland on behalf of its members (who are songwriters, composers and music publishers) and on behalf of the songwriters, composers and music publishers of the international overseas societies that are affiliated to it. A public performance of copyright music takes place when that music is used anywhere outside of the domestic environment. IMRO´s function is to collect and distribute royalties arising from the public performance of copyright works. IMRO is a not-for-profit organisation. Music users such as broadcasters, venues and businesses must pay for their use of copyright music by way of a blanket licence fee. IMRO collects these monies and distributes them to the songwriters, composers and music publishers who created the songs. The monies earned by copyright owners in this way are known as public performance royalties. IMRO is also prominently involved in the sponsorship and promotion of music in Ireland. Every year it sponsors a large number of song contests, music festivals, seminars, workshops, research projects and showcase performances. Indeed, IMRO is now synonymous with helping to showcase emerging talent in Ireland. As of 1 January 2016, IMRO handled the collection and distribution of royalties covered by the repertoire of PPI through a joint licensing scheme on a select range of tariffs. Irish Music Rights Organisation The Irish Music Rights Organisation (IMRO) is a national organisation that administers the performing right in copyright music in Ireland on behalf of its members (who are songwriters, composers and music publishers) and on behalf of the songwriters, composers and music publishers of the international overseas societies that are affiliated to it. A public performance of copyright music takes place when that music is used anywhere outside of"
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"Holden HZ Holden HZ is a full-sized automobile which was produced in Australia between October 1977 and April 1980 by Holden in a variety of equipment levels and in several different body styles. It was also assembled in New Zealand. The Holden HZ received minor updates to the exterior over the HX series, and saw the introduction of what Holden termed \"Radial Tuned Suspension\" (RTS) across all models. RTS made significant changes to the suspension of the car, greatly improving the handling finesse, while at the same time not compromising ride quality. \"Modern Motor\" magazine described the HZ as \"a great handler spoiled by the car\" in a comparison against the BMW 528i, contrasted as \"a great car spoiled by the handling\". In this series, the base specification Belmont was deleted and the new Kingswood SL became the base luxury level for sedans and wagons, with a lower specification Kingswood sedan and wagon only offered as a delete option on the Kingswood SL. During the course of the HZ series, equipment levels were upgraded in 1978 effectively to match improvements in the opposition Ford Falcon range, but the life of the full W size Holden looked set to end following Holden's release of the VB Commodore in November 1978. After 1980, W sized Holden passenger cars were cancelled—replaced by the downsized Commodore. The Kingswood luxury level lived on until 1985 on the WB Holden utility but the end of HZ saw the end of the Holden Premier alongside both the GTS and Sandman which were both deleted prior to the end of the HZ series. The Holden HZ was offered in four sedan and three station wagon models, marketed as follows: It was also available in two coupe utility, two panel van and one cab chassis model, marketed as follows: There were two special vehicle packages also available based upon commercial vehicles: The final HZ Sandman, featured a choice of V8 engines only, along with a four-headlight grille and under bumper front spoiler. According to a GMH Price List dated 25 January 1979, a basic HZ Holden panel van was priced at A$6,076, with the Sandman option package an additional A$1,700. The further optional components also included 5.0-litre V8 engine and a limited slip differential. If a buyer selected every Sandman extra, the price would be more than 150% of the cost of the basic HZ model. By the end of 1979, the Sandman had largely lost its place in the contemporary Australian youth culture - order figures were down and many of the vehicles were now being sold with the stripes and tailgate logos deleted. The Sandman ute was phased out of production prior to the van, the last of which was manufactured around October 1979; later production Sandman vehicles were fitted with alloy wheels as standard equipment, the same as those seen on the HZ Statesman SL/E. Holden HZ Holden HZ is a full-sized automobile which was produced in Australia between October 1977 and April 1980 by Holden"
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"Lost Planet 3 A prequel, \"Lost Planet 3\" takes place long before the , following the story of Jim Peyton revealing the events that led to the first game. After nearly being buried alive in a cave an elderly Jim Peyton is found by his granddaughter Diana. Realizing that he does not have long to live he begins to tell her how he came to be on E.D.N. III. Fifty years earlier looking to support his family, Jim joins an expedition to mine the resources of E.D.N III. Funded by the NEVEC corporation, the expedition hopes to tap E.D.N III's \"Thermal Energy\", a blood like substance that could solve the Earth Energy problem. Jim meets Dr. Kendric Kovac, operations director Phil Braddock, Doctor Roman, head technician Gale and fellow Rig pilot Laroche. On a job to repair the comms relay, Jim begins to suspect there is a saboteur on the base when he sees someone near the damaged relays. He finds that Doctor Roman has had similar sightings, but dismisses his suspicions and focuses on working to support his family. Some time later Jim stumbles upon an abandoned NEVEC base revealing that the expedition crew were not the first ones to land on E.D.N III as they were told. The last records detail the Akrid attacking the base and killing the inhabitants. Attempting to leave, Jim fights a massive Akrid leaving his rig damaged and himself close to death before he is saved by the woman he saw at the comms relay. He awakens in a settlement a few days later, healed. The woman introduces herself as Mira and her people as \"The Forgotten\", survivors of NEVEC's first colonization attempt. Their leader Soichi, Mira's father, does not trust Jim but allows him to leave their enclave after repaying his debt under the agreement that he not reveal their existence. Returning to base he finds it under attack by Akrid, the result of an experiment by Dr. Kovac, who's been studying how to control them. Jim confronts Braddock with his discovery of the first colony. Braddock explains that his father was the colonies leader before it was lost, and that to maintain the expedition's funding from NEVEC he must keep the incident secret. Jim agrees to keep the colony secret and help him investigate what happened, keeping the Forgotten a secret. Several months pass and with the Forgotten's help Jim is able to retrieve information on what happened and give it to Braddock. He is shocked to find that when the colony was attacked his father abandoned it to save Braddock and his mother. Jim tries to tell Braddock about the Forgotten but is cut short when he must defend the base from an Akrid. In the following months Jim grows closer to the Forgotten and the Expedition, planning to bring Braddock and Soichi together so they can resolve their pasts. Before he can NEVEC unexpectedly takes over the Expedition. They begin looking for Doctor Roman, who with Jim's help has been working on triangulating the purest veins of Thermal Energy. Determined to stop NEVEC Jim and the Forgotten prepare to sabotage their mining efforts with Gale's help. While enacting their plan however they are confronted by Laroche who has been sent by NEVEC to stop them. He reveals that he called NEVEC to the base after seeing Jim meet with Mira, and that NEVEC is attacking the Forgotten. Jim defeats Laroche but spares him and makes his way to the Forgotten's settlement. Soichi is killed and Jim forced to surrender when he finds NEVEC has taken his family hostage. NEVEC tracks down Doctor Roman and kills her, stealing her research. Braddock helps Jim escape and free his family and the crew, including Laroche despite what he's done, and sacrifices himself to kill Neven's soldiers. Pursuing NEVEC's field commander Isenberg, Jim ruins his plan to take control of the Akrid and use them to wipe out the rebels, killing Isenberg but nearly dying himself. With NEVEC defeated the expedition crew and the Forgotten become the first snow pirates. Gale and Mira use Soichi's research to create the Harmonizer, a device that uses thermal energy to heal the user. In the present Jim apologizes to his grand daughter for leaving a legacy where she has been forced to fight before passing away. An elderly Laroche finds them and rescues Diana. Diana is saddened by her grandfather's passing but looks forward to the possibility of winning the war and taking the planet back from NEVEC. Using the game's mission-based mechanics, players can choose to take on core quests that progress the story, or side-quests to help out fellow colonists on the planet. The game will allow players to openly explore areas in a style similar to role-playing games with the ability to talk to non-player characters, obtain side-quests, upgrade equipment and build their own bipedal rigs using items gathered throughout the campaign. Thermal energy will no longer be tied to the characters' life support, and instead will primarily be used as a form of currency, giving the player more freedom to explore E.D.N. III. Once again, the antagonists of the game are the Akrid, \"aliens\" indigenous to the planet of E.D.N. III. \"Lost Planet 3\" received \"mixed\" reviews on all platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, \"Famitsu\" gave the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions a score of one nine, one eight, one seven, and one nine for a total of 33 out of 40. \"The Escapist\" gave the Xbox 360 version three stars out of five and called it \"a solid third person shooter [that] is marred by some repetitive gameplay elements and a lack of depth with its mechanics and story.\" However, \"The Digital Fix\" gave the PS3 version a score of four out of ten and stated: \"Two positive things to take away from everything is \"[sic]\" that it is arguably the best game Spark have ever produced and is not as bad as \"\".\" \"Digital Spy\" gave it a similar score of two stars out of five and said it was not \"a lost cause. There's some genuine emotion to be found in its storyline and a spattering of variety to its combat, but this is marred by unoriginal core gameplay and lackluster level design.\" \"Lost Planet 3\" sold 27,503 PlayStation 3 copies on the first week of being on sale in Japan, the lowest sales debut out of the numbered installments of the series. Reporting on its fiscal year, Capcom described the game's sales as \"below expectations\", \"due in part to intensifying competition in the European and US markets\". In January 2014, \"Lost Planet 3\" writers Richard Gaubert, Orion Walker and Matt Sophos were nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Videogame Writing by the Writers Guild of America along with \"\", \"\", \"\" and \"The Last of Us\" (the latter of which was a winner). Lost Planet 3 A prequel, \"Lost Planet 3\" takes place long before the , following the story of Jim Peyton revealing the events that led to the first game. After nearly being buried alive in a cave an elderly Jim Peyton is found by his granddaughter Diana. Realizing that he"
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"Equality (Titles) Bill The Equality (Titles) Bill, known colloquially as the \"Downton Law\" and \"Downton Abbey Law\", was a Bill of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that would end a measure of gender discrimination and allow for equal succession of female heirs to hereditary titles and peerages. The primogeniture legislation, in conjunction with the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, would align hereditary titles in accordance with the 1975 Sex Discrimination Act. The bill was dubbed the \"Downton law\" in reference to the British television drama \"Downton Abbey\" where the Earl's eldest daughter is unable to inherit the family seat because it can only be passed to a male heir.The Equality (Titles) Bill was precipitated by the passage of the 2013 Succession to the Crown Act, which altered the laws of succession to the British throne so that male heirs no longer precede their elder sisters. The bill was sponsored by the Lord Lucas and Dingwall in the House of Lords and has had two readings. The Queen consented to the bill's procession. Conservative MP Mary Macleod has sponsored the bill in the House of Commons and pointed out that only two of House of Lords' 92 hereditary peers are women. After peer Lord Trefgarne remarked that the changes in succession would \"set the hare running\" on other inherited titles, a campaign group named \"The Hares\" was established. Prominent female aristocratic members of The Hares included Lady Sarah Carnegie, Lady Kitty Spencer, Lady Liza Campbell, Lady Saffron McDonnell and Lady Mary Charteris. Lady Sarah Carnegie served as the face of the movement, as after her the death of her father, the 14th Earl of Northesk, her title was legally claimed by a male 8th cousin instead of herself, her fathers eldest surviving child. Despite the bill being in favour of gender equality, several female aristocrats refused to support the bill. Emma Manners, Duchess of Rutland, mother of the british fashion model and eldest child Lady Violet Manners, gave an interview to The Express, in which she stated that \"[she was] delighted that the estate would be passed on to [her] son Charles, Marquess of Granby, instead of [her] first born Violet. It is a responsibility and a responsibility I am glad that my daughter does not have to bear.” An amendment to the bill that would exclude baronetcies from its scope has been opposed by David Roche, Roddy Llewellyn, and Nicholas Stuart Taylor of the Stuart Taylor Baronetcy as well as Lord Monson. A number of the bill's supporters have titles that are in danger of dying out, as their only heirs are female. The bill did not progress beyond the committee stage and will make no further progress, despite attracting the support of 345 members of Parliament and the former Home Secretary David Blunkett . Equality (Titles) Bill The Equality (Titles) Bill, known colloquially as the \"Downton Law\" and \"Downton Abbey Law\", was a Bill of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that would end a measure of"
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"SMS Wacht SMS \"Wacht\" was an aviso of the Imperial German Navy, the lead ship of her class. She had one sister ship, . \"Wacht\" was built by the AG Weser shipyard; she was laid down in 1886, launched in August 1887, and commissioned in August 1888. She served in the active fleet through the 1890s and participated in numerous training exercises. Her career was cut short on 4 September 1901, when she collided with the old ironclad . The latter's ram bow holed \"Wacht\" under the waterline and caused her to rapidly sink. Her crew was safely rescued, however, and there were no casualties. \"Wacht\" was long overall and had a beam of and a maximum draft of forward. She displaced at full combat load. Her propulsion system consisted of two angled 3-cylinder triple expansion engines. Steam for the engines was provided by four coal-fired locomotive boilers. The ship's propulsion system provided a top speed of and a range of approximately at . \"Wacht\" had a crew of 7 officers and 134 enlisted men. As built, the ship was armed with three K L/35 guns placed in single pivot mounts. The guns were supplied with a total of 180 rounds of ammunition. \"Wacht\" also carried three torpedo tubes, one mounted submerged in the bow and the other two in deck-mounted launchers on the broadside. In 1891, four 8.8 cm SK L/30 guns in single mounts were added. The ship was the first German aviso to carry armor: a thick deck, along with of armor plating for the conning tower. \"Wacht\" was laid down in 1886 at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen. She was launched on 27 August 1887 and commissioned into the German fleet on 9 August 1888. In 1889, Franz von Hipper served aboard the ship as her watch officer. In early 1889, \"Wacht\" was assigned to the Maneuver Squadron, which at the time consisted of the old ironclads , , and and the protected cruiser . The Squadron was commanded by Prince Heinrich. In May, the Maneuver Squadron conducted mock combat exercises with the Training Squadron in the Baltic Sea. In late 1889, \"Wacht\" joined a squadron of four old ironclads—, , , and —that cruised the Mediterranean Sea along with Kaiser Wilhelm II's yacht \"Hohenzollern\" and the protected cruiser , which carried Prince Heinrich. The squadron visited numerous ports in the Mediterranean, including state visits to Italy and the Ottoman Empire. Wilhelm II also stopped in Greece, where he attended the wedding of his sister Sophie to the Greek crown prince Constantine. The squadron remained in the Mediterranean until April 1890, when it returned to Germany. \"Wacht\", meanwhile, was forced to remain in Trieste for six months due to a serious problem with her boiler tubes, which required lengthy repairs. The ship led the torpedo boat flotilla in the Maneuver Squadron in 1893. In early 1894, \"Wacht\" was assigned to the II Division of the Maneuver Squadron as the divisional dispatch vessel. The division was commanded by Rear Admiral Otto von Diederichs. During the 1896 annual maneuvers, \"Wacht\" was assigned to the I Division. On 4 September 1901, \"Wacht\" collided with the ironclad while on extensive training maneuvers with the rest of the fleet. \"Wacht\" was sunk, but the crew was safely evacuated and neither ship suffered casualties. During the maneuvers, \"Wacht\" attempted to pass between \"Sachsen\" and . However, \"Wacht\"s helmsman misjudged the distance and passed too closely in front of \"Sachsen\". \"Sachsen\" immediately attempted to reverse course to avoid ramming the ship, but the two vessels collided. \"Sachsen\"s ram bow tore a large hole in \"Wacht\", which began to slowly sink. The battleship attempted to tow \"Wacht\" to shallow water, but several of \"Wacht\"s internal bulkheads collapsed under the strain and the ship quickly sank. Nevertheless, her crew was taken off safely; neither ship suffered any casualties. SMS Wacht SMS \"Wacht\" was an aviso of the Imperial German Navy, the lead ship of her class. She had one sister ship, . \"Wacht\" was built by the AG Weser shipyard; she was laid down in 1886, launched in August 1887, and commissioned in August 1888. She served in the active fleet through the 1890s"
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"Joanne McLeod Joanne McLeod is a Canadian figure skating coach. She is the skating director at the Champs International Skating Centre of BC (formerly known as the BC Centre of Excellence). Her current and former students include Emanuel Sandhu, Mira Leung, Kevin Reynolds, Jeremy Ten, Nam Nguyen, and many others. In 2012, McLeod became the first level 5 certified figure skating coach in British Columbia. McLeod has a dance degree from Grant MacEwan College in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. She also took classes at York University in Toronto, George Randolf in Toronto, Les Ballet Jazz de Montreal, and Alvin Ailey and Martha Graham in New York. Joanne McLeod Joanne McLeod is a Canadian figure skating coach. She is the skating director at the Champs International Skating Centre of BC (formerly known as the BC Centre of Excellence). Her current and former students include Emanuel Sandhu, Mira Leung, Kevin Reynolds, Jeremy Ten, Nam Nguyen, and many others. In 2012, McLeod became the first level 5 certified figure skating coach in British Columbia. McLeod has a dance degree from Grant MacEwan College in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. She also took classes at York University in Toronto, George Randolf in Toronto, Les Ballet Jazz de"
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"Once Upon a Time in High School Once Upon a Time in High School: The Spirit of Jeet Kune Do () is a 2004 South Korean drama film. The background of the film is set in a high school in South Korea, . The original Korean title literally means \"cruel history of Maljuk street\" and one of the filming locations was the present neighborhood of Yangjae-dong, Seocho District in Seoul. Hyun-soo (Kwon Sang-woo), transfers to another school, notorious for its poor outcomes and brutality. He joins a bottom-rank class and experiences violence by delinquents led by Jong-hoon (Lee Jong-hyuk), a stereotypical Korean bully. The teachers are depicted as authoritarian and brutal, as were many Korean teachers up to the 70s. On the bus, Hyun-soo sees and falls in love with Eun-joo (Han Ga-in) and, when schoolboys start teasing her, Hyun-soo takes the opportunity to gain her respect, even though it meant starting a riot. After the two are chased and caught in their hiding place (a rat prompted Eun-joo to scream), one of Hyun-soo's friends Kim Woo-sik (Lee Jung-jin), steps in and knocks the attackers out. A triangle is formed between Hyun-soo, Woo-sik, and Eun-joo. One day, Hyun-soo while riding his bike noticed Woo-sik and Eun-joo arguing. Despite his only achievement being sharing an umbrella with her, he meets her on a rooftop that night and bonds with a romantic song playing on the radio brought for the occasion, much to Woo-sik's jealousy when he observes them, unnoticed. One day Hyun-soo and Woo-sik got in a fight over Eun-joo and their friendship ends. This event prompted Woo-sik to the extent of humiliating and beating Ham Jye-bok (Park Hyo-jun) who is called by his nickname \"Hamburger\", who sells pornography to other students. Woo-sik, after losing an intense fight with Jong-hoon on the rooftop, leaves the school and presumably drops out. Hyun-soo is now facing problems of his own when he concludes Eun-joo left him for Woo-sik. He has been receiving poor grades prompting his father, a black belt in Tae Kwon Do and an owner of a Tae Kwon Do gym, who has been known to treat his students kindly but treats his son like dirt, to berate him and resort to extreme violence to 'discipline' him and labeled him a 'surplus man', a derogatory term used to describe a person without a future, and kicked him out of his house permanently. No longer able to put up with the conduct of Jong-hoon and his gang as well as the brutality and violence of teachers, Hyun-soo trains himself in Jeet Kune Do, inspired by his childhood hero Bruce Lee. Hyun-soo challenges Jong-hoon to a fight one day when he is no longer able to put up with his irrational behaviour. On the same rooftop where Woo-sik lost a fight, Jong-hoon and his gang mates are grievously injured by Hyun-soo's nunchaku and expertise in Jeet Kune Do. After the intense fight, although he won, Hyun-soo still didn't feel any victory. Authorities including a general who is called 'puppet soldier' by students were alerted and they started yelling at him even though it was Jong-hoon who was antagonizing others. At this point, badly influenced by the brutality from his psychopath father and still being accused rather than honored after all this time and effort he invested to master Jeet Kune Do for the sake of bringing justice to the school and proving himself wrong of his status as a surplus man, Hyun-soo totally lost it and smashed some nearby windows and hurled his nunchucks at them and cursed Korea's entire education system for being so corrupt and encouraging brutality no matter how immoral it is, leading to his expulsion. Hyun-soo wasn't punished by his father and he was later sent to a public school. By chance, he runs into Eun-joo and despite being amicable in their meeting, they both part, knowing that their futures have diverted. Hyun-soo later attends a movie with Ham Jye-bok and both goof off with mock martial arts over Bruce Lee vs Jackie Chan. 2004 Baeksang Arts Awards 2004 Grand Bell Awards 2004 Blue Dragon Film Awards 2004 Korean Film Awards Once Upon a Time in High School Once"
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"Feed-Drum The Feed-Drum is an imperial bass drum with a system of electronic conditioning of the skin conceived by composer Michelangelo Lupone and coproduced between CRM - Centro Ricerche Musicali, Rome and Istituto Gramma in L'Aquila. Through the principle of feed-back, the signal produced by the excitation of the skin returns to the skin in the form of acoustic pressure. The result is an infinitely sustained sound. The system controls the damping of the movement of the skin, and therefore the decay rate of the sound, and permits isolation of high frequency modes by the combined action of nodes present on the skin and the amount of feed-back input energy. The design on the skin surface is a simplified map of the oscillatory modes based on the Bessel functions. The map was limited to 13 diameters and 8 nodal circles, the latter divided into even semicircles (to the left) and odd semicircles (to the right). See also Skin-Act. Although the skin of an imperial bass drum allows the excitation of a considerable number of high-frequency modes, their duration in time is not normally appreciable by the listener, apart from the timbric contribution to the attack phase of the sound. The possible variations of the mode of emission, adequate for a sufficient acoustic response of the resonator (shell), are limited and with scarce modulability. The basic frequency, obtained by the tension of the skins, upper and lower, each bound to the edges with 16 mechanical tie rods, is influenced by the non-homogeneous distribution of the tensioning forces which contributes to render complex the spectrum of the real modes. Experiments were made at the Centro Ricerche Musicali - CRM in Rome and at the Istituto Gramma in L'Aquila with the aim of achieving these objectives: Traditional bass drums obviously do not provide these characteristics. To explore the timbre richness of the attack phase and isolate the vibrational modes, the makers created a system to electronic manipulate the skin. Through the principle of feedback, the system returns the signal produced by the excitation of the skin back to the skin as acoustic pressure. This produces infinite prolongation of the sound. The system controls the damping the skin, and therefore the decay rate of the sound, and permits isolating high frequency modes by the combined action of the nodes present on the skin and of the amount of feed-back input energy. The stability of the signal obtained with this conditioning system makes it possible to experiment and design on the skin surface a preliminary simplified map of the oscillatory modes based on the Bessel’s functions. The map is limited to 13 diameters and 8 nodal circles, the latter divided into even semicircles (to the left) and odd semicircles (to the right). Electronic conditioning of the instrument leaves the topology and primary acoustic features unaltered, but increases the scope of the vibrational criteria and control. This made it possible to distinguish the different pitches of various modes, to obtain the emission of long notes, which could be modulated as those emitted by a stretched string, and to adapt the acoustic energy independently of the emitted frequencies. To maintain agile execution and adequate reproducibility of the phenomena, the first classification of sounds and performance techniques was limited to the use of fingers, hands and arms (Fig. 4). During the composition of \"Gran Cassa\" by Michelangelo Lupone, experiments were also made with objects of different shapes and dimensions occupying wider or multiple nodal sections. This increased the sound possibilities. However, the complexity of the vibrational phenomena required analysis of the instrument's mechanical parts to identify and reduce dispersions and non-linear contributions from vibrations of the structural materials and their combinations. Given these complications, it was decided to plan and realize a new instrument, the Feed-drum (Fig. 5), for the purpose of not only extending the acoustic possibilities, but also of permitting the ergonomic use of new executive techniques. In particular, the vibrational attitude was transformed by eliminating the lower skin, a decision which simplified the tuning of the instrument’s basic frequency (30 Hz) and reduced the excitation rise time in the upper modes. A synthetic membrane was applied with isotropic characteristics and high flexibility on which the previously described map was drawn, with colors that made the areas of performance more visible. The shell and the tensioning hoop were realized in steel and aluminium; in particular, the tensioning hoop was made stiffer while the height was reduced and the adhesion surface increased. The suspension system was realized in such a way as to separate the Feed-drum completely from the supporting structure on the ground; all the mechanical parts, which were in contact with one another, were separated by an intermediate layer of antivibrational material. The behaviour of the Feed-drum is extremely complex and many of its aspects remain to be clarified. Below are the known elements, those conjectural, and those still undefined. The oscillation modes of a circular non-rigid membrane—pegged down and stretched along its rim—are known from literature. In a conservative model (that is, without dissipations and acoustic irradiations and therefore “in vacuum” ), the oscillation modes of a membrane of radius a have the form in cylindrical coordinates formula_1 (1) where: formula_2 and formula_3 and where formula_4 are Bessel functions of the first kind and of an order formula_5 is an arbitrary phase dependent on the initial conditions (there cannot be any privileged directions, since the problem applies to a circular symmetry). Owing to the constraint on the rim, formula_6, where formula_7 is the radius of the membrane; this allows calculating k (wave number) which is discrete and dependent on two indices (m,n): formula_8, whereformula_9 is the nth root of the Bessel function of order formula_10. Hence (1) becomes formula_11. Determination of the wave number is therefore possible by determining the roots of the Bessel function of the first kind. Once the roots and wave numbers are determined, the angular frequencies peculiar to the modes are given by: formula_12 where c is the velocity propagation of transverse waves in the membrane, formula_13 where formula_14 is the stretching force of the rim and formula_15 is the surface density of the membrane. However, formula_16 can easily be estimated on the basis of the frequency formula_17 of mode formula_18, the lowest of all (basic frequency), taking into account that formula_19 : formula_20 For the Feed-Drum, formula_21 and formula_22, and therefore formula_23. Irrespective of the order of the Bessel functions, the root base tends to formula_24 for formula_25 [2]; in addition, Bessel functions of different order do not have coincident roots (an important consideration for the purpose of the Feed-drum). The exact calculation of the roots can only be realized numerically, a task which is not particularly difficult given the oscillatory character (even if not periodical) of Bessel functions. In fact, the roots of these functions are each comprised between a maximum and a minimum or vice versa. Calculations of the frequencies for the modes up to 5 octaves above the “basic frequency” (960 Hz for the Feed-drum) gives the following distributions of frequencies and modal density: The index formula_26 is responsible for the creation of nodal diameters, the index formula_27 for that of nodal circles. In general, the pattern of the modes is simply correlated to the indices, as can be seen from the diagrams given below. Excitation of the membrane is via a loudspeaker (Ø = 45 cm.) and an 11 cm-long wave guide (designed to convey maximum acoustic pressure between the center and 1/3 of the radius); that is, fairly short as far as the form factor is concerned. It proved fairly easy to",
"In fact, the roots of these functions are each comprised between a maximum and a minimum or vice versa. Calculations of the frequencies for the modes up to 5 octaves above the “basic frequency” (960 Hz for the Feed-drum) gives the following distributions of frequencies and modal density: The index formula_26 is responsible for the creation of nodal diameters, the index formula_27 for that of nodal circles. In general, the pattern of the modes is simply correlated to the indices, as can be seen from the diagrams given below. Excitation of the membrane is via a loudspeaker (Ø = 45 cm.) and an 11 cm-long wave guide (designed to convey maximum acoustic pressure between the center and 1/3 of the radius); that is, fairly short as far as the form factor is concerned. It proved fairly easy to obtain, in addition to the 30 Hz basic frequency, the 68.9 Hz frequency corresponding to the mode (0,2). It was on the contrary impossible to obtain the frequency of 47.8 Hz corresponding to the mode (1,1). At these frequencies, the behavior of the air excited by the loudspeaker can presumably be schematized with a piston motion, which exercises an almost uniform pressure on the membrane. A uniform excitation is poorly compatible with the modal form (1,1). The loudspeaker was driven by an electric power signal, generated by a feed-back system that sampled the signal issued by a piezoceramic sensor placed on the rim and detecting deflection of the membrane. In this way a “multimodal” oscillator was obtained generating a feed-back on a resonant element, the membrane. The loop gain was controllable by a pedal. Intonation is through the combined action of the negative feed-back gain and of the pressure on one or two points of a nodal line. The effect of the pressure can be schematized in a first approximation as dual: on one hand the introduction of a constraint on the pressure points, on the other a shift of the “work point” of the membrane around a slightly higher tension, and therefore an increase of the transverse wave velocity formula_16. Consequently, all the frequencies move upwards. It is a matter of a shift mechanism, a “pitch-shift”, in the sense that the frequencies of the modes are all multiplied by a common factor, therefore leaving unchanged their relationships. In point of fact this effect has been encountered in practice and is utilized for obtaining the vibrato. The term “pitch-shift” is however improper in this case, since the spectrum of the partial tones of the membrane is not harmonic and as a result a pitch is not definable. The apposition of constraint points (z = 0) has the effect, as a rule, of inhibiting every mode which has no set of nodal lines passing through all the aforesaid points, not even with an opportune choice of formula_29. For example, pressing the center of the membrane makes all the modes with formula_30 becoming impracticable, since this point is invariably an antinode for these modes. Pressure on any other point of the membrane (speaking theoretically) makes all the modes with formula_31 practicable, since it will always be possible to have a nodal diameter passing through that point. In practice, since the constraint is not perfect, preference will be given to the mode which possesses both a nodal diameter and a nodal circle passing through that point. The consequence of the fact that the functions of Bessel have no coincident roots is that the modes of different m order cannot have coincident nodal circles. Even modes with the same m and different n obviously cannot have coincident nodal circles. Two different modes can, on the other hand, have coincident nodal diameters if the ratio of their indices m is an integer number. A single pressure point different from the centre identifies therefore a mode only having a diameter and a circle passing through that point. The points which “discriminate” better the frequency modes are, however, those near the centre, because the nodal circles become densely packed towards the perimeter and a single point therefore tends to have many of them very near to it. Consequently, it is the first nodal circle, the innermost one, which best discriminates the modes, as is also shown by a variance analysis. In theory, pressure on any two points of the membrane could create constraints incompatible with any mode. However, all these considerations are better limited to modes of relatively low order. In fact it can be presumed that the approximation of the non-rigid membrane results less valid with the increase of the mode order, since the node base tends to become comparable with the thickness of the membrane itself. There are also other considerations. The classic equation of the membrane generally used for obtaining the modes is entirely conservative and does not take into account either dissipation due to internal friction or irradiation. The latter both being mechanisms that dampen the partials, causing their decay in the absence of an exciting force. A symbolical solution of the equation corresponding to the vibro-acoustic movement described is definitely impossible, even if greatly simplifying hypotheses are adopted. It is possible to solve it with numerical methods (such as FEM, BEM, etc.) but even in this case—if acoustic-elastic coupling and internal dissipations of the membrane are taken into account—the problem remains delicatem, and results must be verified experimentally. However, even in the absence of a solution, it is possible to note that decay of the partials is connected with the merit factor (Q) of their resonance, and provokes a widening of the spectral line—always more marked the more the relative mode is damped. The internal frictions are proportional to the velocity of variation of the local curvature, which increases with the frequency. It can therefore be presumed that, similarly to stretched strings, damping of the modes increases with their frequency. Consequently, in the upper spectral areas, where the modes are close together and massed (see Figs. 9 & 10), the transfer function of the membrane is more continuous than discrete, with moderate peaks on the modal frequencies. In these areas the modes which can be excited are less precisely definable and depend on the loop gain and on the frequency characteristics of the negative feedback electronic circuit. Conversely, the passage from one mode to another of adjacent frequency has little influence on the resultant frequency. Construction of a future improved map for excitation of modes must therefore foresee a judicious choice of the pairs of points which offer the most significant discrimination between modes. In addition, the modal frequencies should be verified experimentally, since it can be presumed that the frequencies of some modes deviate from their nominal values owing to the presence of the actuator with relative wave guide which has a beam width equal to 1/3 of the membrane diameter. The measurement of these deviations cannot be determined reliably with theoretical considerations, since the overall model is too complex and can only be solved (as already shown) with numerical methods. The trials carried out to date with composers and percussionists stimulated suggestions for extending the control criteria, the use of special strikers of various forms and dimensions, and the application of independent hand techniques. Subsequent developments will principally concern ergonomic aspects, with the compilation of more precise nodal maps, of simpler and immediate use. In addition, improvements are quite conceivable in the electronic conditioning system and in its operation for the purpose of improving controllability of the emission of high overtones. Feed-Drum The Feed-Drum is an imperial bass drum with a system of electronic conditioning of the skin conceived by composer Michelangelo"
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"FJ Management FJ Management Inc., formerly known as Flying J Inc., is a privately held U.S. corporation which operates convenience stores, oil & refining, banking, and insurance businesses. Along with Pilot Corporation and Berkshire Hathaway, it is a joint-owner of Pilot Flying J, the largest truck stop chain in the United States. The company was founded in 1968 by O. Jay Call and headquartered in Ogden, Utah. A lifelong fan of aviation, Call named it Flying J in honor of the aviation industry. Mr. Call, his wife, Irene, and Richard \"Buzz\" Germer died while piloting a Cessna Citation en route to Sun Valley in March 2003. It sought Chapter 11 (reorganization) bankruptcy protection in December 2008, blaming its financial woes on the collapse in oil prices and tighter credit markets. Pre-bankruptcy, Flying J was the largest retailer of diesel fuel in North America with approximately 220 locations in the United States and Canada and 15,000 employees. The company produces and refines petroleum products for its truck stops. The company also offers vehicle maintenance, banking, insurance and telecommunications services for the trucking industry, and a number of restaurants at its locations. The company had sales of $18.0 billion in 2008, but record prices for crude oil and a crumbling demand for gasoline eroded margins and affected cash flow. In July 2009, Pilot Travel Centers agreed to acquire Flying J's travel stops. As part of the deal, Pilot will keep the Flying J name on existing locations as opposed to converting them to the Pilot brand, while the in-house Flying J restaurants will be replaced by national chains like Denny's. The merged entity will be called Pilot Flying J. In June 2010, Flying J put forth a Chapter 11 plan to repay all creditors in full from the proceeds of the sale of its 250 travel plazas to Pilot, for a combination of cash and stock valued at $1.6 billion. Under Flying J's plan, its lenders and creditors will be paid in cash, and its owners, whose numbers include members of the company's founding Call family, will retain all the equity in a scaled-down Flying J. As of July 2010, hearings on the plan continue under Judge Mary F. Walrath of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Wilmington, Delaware. Flying J's oil & refining, banking, & insurance businesses will remain separate from the combined Pilot Flying J. To avoid confusion with the merged travel center business, Flying J Inc. renamed itself FJ Management Inc.. Since the merger, Pilot Flying J has continued to open new locations with the Flying J name (in addition to the Pilot name), bringing in locations with the Flying J brand that had no association with the legacy Flying J before the merger. To settle antitrust concerns, six Flying J locations as well as 20 Pilot locations were sold to Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores on June 30, 2010. On October 3, 2017, it was announced that Berkshire Hathaway will acquire a 38.6% stake in Pilot Flying J, with plans to increase the stake to 80% in 2023. The Haslam family's stake will be reduced to 20% at that time, while FJ Management will sell its stake altogether. On October 4, 2012, FJ Management re-entered the convenience store market with its purchase of North Salt Lake, Utah-based Maverik Inc. Maverik had been founded by Jay Call's uncle, Reuel Call. Maverik has 250 stores in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. FJ Management FJ Management Inc., formerly known as Flying J Inc., is a privately held U.S. corporation which operates convenience stores, oil"
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"Malta Union of Teachers The Malta Union of Teachers (MUT) is the longest established trade-union in Malta. The MUT stands as the largest sectoral trade union in Malta, representing educators and allied professionals across the whole spectrum of education: from kindergarten up to university level. The MUT is affiliated with FOR.U.M., ETUCE and EI, and is a very active trade-union participating in various local and international fora related to education, industrial relations and related subjects. The MUT launched various initiatives, notable amongst which was an attempt to unite the local trade union movement within a TUC in 2008. Since its foundation in 1919 the Malta Union of Teachers (MUT) has grown both in its stature as an organization at the national level and in its membership strength. The Union started with just over 600 members and today the MUT is over 9000 strong, representing all grades of teachers in the public and private sectors from Kindergarten to University. Over the years the MUT developed its dual role of a strong and effective trade union and an experienced professional educational organization. The MUT owes its origin to the developments following 7 June 1919 riots which were sparked by the misery in which the Maltese workers were living at the time. In an effort to calm the situation a Commission was set up specifically to review the salaries of government employees. In its report, which was published on November 5, 1919, the Commission recommended salary increases for all categories of workers except teachers. Suffice it to say that during the first two decades of the 20th century, the standards of education and the condition of work of Maltese teachers were in a pathetic state. Against the backdrop of this reality a young 29-year-old teacher, Antonio Galea from Valletta, took the initiative and called all teachers in Malta to unite and fight for their rights. Over 500 teachers from various towns and villages around Malta responded to Antonio Galea's call and converged on the Floriana Primary School for a special foundation meeting held on November 22, 1919. The meeting was addressed by two of Antonio Galea's staunchest supporters, Joseph Giordano and Rogantino Cachia who were elected as the MUT's first President and first Secretary respectively. Antonio Galea became the Union's Organizer. Subsequent to this meeting the MUT became the first registered trade union in Malta. Conscious of its moral obligations the MUT has, since its origin, realized the need to strike a balance between its member's rights and their responsibilities. This explains why the MUT took up a dual role, namely that of a trade union and a professional organization. The MUT's role as a trade-union and its successes in this field need hardly be stressed. Teachers know that they can rely on their union when it comes to negotiations on salaries and conditions of work. In fact, the MUT managed to obtain salary increases for teachers in 1947, 1953, 1955, 1959 and 1962. In the late 60's the MUT scored another success in its representations with the Salaries Anomalies Commission. In 1974 the MUT negotiated another Reorganization Agreement but the Union's greatest achievement was registered in 1988 through the enactment of the Education Act by which teaching was given official recognition as a profession. This was followed by an agreement with the government which translated this recognition into tangible terms. More recently teachers consolidated their position through a Public Service Reform agreement signed in August 1994. This was followed by an Addendum to the Classification and Grading Agreement of the Education Class signed in February 2001. The MUT's role as a professional organization, particularly its interest in the professional development of teachers, was evident from the early years of the Union's life. In fact, this was clearly one of the first items on the MUT's agenda and as far back as the early 1920s the MUT highlighted the inadequacies of the training school for teachers of the time and submitted proposals regarding the need of a Chair of Pedagogy at the University of Malta. However, it was only after the war that two well organized training colleges were set up. Eventually these two colleges merged into one Institute and were transferred to the University of Malta under the Faculty of Education in the early 1980s. In an attempt to highlight, discuss and propose solutions to the problems facing the various sectors of our educational system the MUT has, over the years, organized various seminars, fora and conferences on educational issues. The MUT also regularly publishes its views on particular aspects of topical interest in education. National For.U.M. - The Forum Union Maltin is a confederation of Maltese Unions which was established in 2004. The confederation immediately started contributing on a national scale when it was involved in discussions with the Maltese Government and other Unions on a way forward to reach an agreement on the social pact. The Malta Union of Teachers joined the confederation in 2008 and is the largest Union in For.U.M. Today the For.U.M. has eleven Union affiliates with a total membership of 12,000 workers from different professions and spheres. The Unions affiliated in For.U.M are AAE, ALPA, EPOU, MUMN, MUT, UCC, UHBC, UMASA, UPAP, UPISP, and UTAC. They represent workers from all the spectrum of the Maltese society. The confederation participates actively in all national debates and activities that concern the conditions and right of workers and their families. International Education International, EI - The Malta Union of Teachers is a member of the EI, established on 26 January 1993 as an amalgamation of the WCOTP, the World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession, and the IFFTU, the International Federation of Free Teachers Unions. European Trade Union Committee for Education, ETUCE - The Malta Union of Teachers is a member of the ETUCE which was established in 1981 in Brussels as a trade secretariat of the teachers organizations under the European Trade Union Committee, or the ETUC. EIE and ETUCE have common interests and therefore continuous cooperation is necessary to avoid duplication of activities. The MUT had thirteen presidents and nine full-time general secretaries since its foundation in 1919: Presidents: Joseph Giordano: 1919-1920;1925-1926 <br> Rogantino Cachia: 1920-1921; 1922–1924; 1927-1936 <br> Nazzareno Pisani: 1937 <br> Anthony Cachia: 1938-1942 <br> Francis X. Mangion: 1943-1946 <br> Emanuel Tonna: 1947-1948 <br> Alfred Buhagiar: 1949-1962 <br> Evarist Saliba: 1962-1963 <br> Abel Giglio: 1963-1974 <br> Alfred J. Buhagiar: 1974-1996 <br> John M. Bencini: 1996-2011 <br> Kevin Bonello: 2011-2017 <br> Marco Bonnici: 2017- <br> General Secretaries: Victor deDomenico: 1950-1951 <br> Francis Fenech: 1951-1953 <br> Joseph Madiona: 1954-1956 <br> Joseph Wismayer: 1956-1959 <br> Alfred Baldacchino: 1959-1960 <br> Alphonse M. Farrugia: 1961-1991 <br> Joseph Degiovanni: 1991-2007 <br> Franklin Barbara: 2007-2017 <br> Carmen Dimech: 2017- <br> Malta Union of Teachers The Malta Union of Teachers (MUT) is the longest established trade-union in Malta. The MUT stands as the largest sectoral trade union in Malta, representing educators and allied professionals across the whole spectrum of education: from kindergarten up to university level. The MUT is affiliated with FOR.U.M., ETUCE and EI, and is a very active trade-union participating in various local and international fora related to education, industrial relations and related subjects. The MUT launched various initiatives, notable"
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"Puerto Rico Tourism Company The Puerto Rico Tourism Company (, or simply Turismo) is the government-owned corporation in charge of tourism matters and regulations in Puerto Rico. The company was created during Governor Luis A. Ferré's administration (1969-1973) to coordinate the marketing and growth of Puerto Rico's tourism sector. It is governed by a board of directors and an executive director appointed by the Governor of Puerto Rico with the advice and consent of the Senate of Puerto Rico. Over the years, it has taken over several tourism-related government functions, such as the regulation and supervision of hotel casinos and of taxis. It also licenses small inns, known as paradors, under the \"Paradores of Puerto Rico Program\". While the Puerto Rican version features country inns usually located in rural areas, the program borrows from the state-run enterprise of paradors of Spain. There the properties are generally converted historic buildings, such as monasteries, convents, forts, etc. often located in cities. PRTC is headquartered at the building that housed the old \"La Princesa\" jail. In addition to PRTC offices, La Princesa houses an art gallery named after former PRTC Executive Director Miguel Domenech; it features the agency's art collection as well as other exhibits. Other offices include 666 Fifth Avenue, in New York, New York. Puerto Rico Open: The renewed sponsorship commitment from the Puerto Rico Tourism Company (PRTC) will result in Official PGA Tour being hosted in the country in 2019 and 2020. The Puerto Rico Open celebrated 10 years of PGA Tour golf in Puerto Rico in 2017 because of the sponsorship from the company. Puerto Rico Tourism Company The Puerto Rico Tourism Company (, or simply Turismo) is the government-owned corporation in charge of tourism matters and regulations in Puerto Rico. The company was created during Governor Luis A."
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"Josh Belsky Josh Belsky is an American sailor who has competed in multiple America's Cups. Joshua, born June 1966 is from Rye, New York, and he studied at St. Lawrence University. He was a pitman on board America when it defended the 1992 America's Cup. Belsky sailed with Team Dennis Conner when they lost the 1995 America's Cup. He then was on board \"EF Language\" when they won the 1997–98 Whitbread Round the World Race. \"EF Language\" was skippered by Paul Cayard who Belsky then joined in \"AmericaOne Challenge\" for the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup. Belsky, currently president of JB sailing, later joined Alinghi and he sailed with them when they won the 2003 America's Cup and successfully defended the 2007 America's Cup. Josh Belsky Josh Belsky is an American sailor who has competed in multiple America's Cups. Joshua, born June 1966 is from Rye, New York, and he studied at St. Lawrence University. He was a pitman on board America when it defended the 1992 America's Cup. Belsky sailed with Team Dennis Conner when they lost the 1995 America's Cup. He then was on board \"EF Language\" when they won the 1997–98 Whitbread Round the World Race. \"EF Language\""
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"Afida Turner Afida Turner (born Hafidda Messaï on December 22, 1976) is a French-American singer, actress, and media personality who once used the stage name Lesly Mess. In 2007, she married musician Ronnie Turner, the son of Ike and Tina Turner. Afida Turner was born in Auchel, France. Her father was from Algeria and her mother from La Réunion. She made appearances in three films, \"Shut Up And Shoot\", \"The Sweep\" and \"Single Black Female\". In 2013, she played a role in the film \"Visions Interdites\". In 2018, she played the main role in the drama \"Lumière Noir\" by Enguerrand Jouvin. In the 1990s, she started a singing career, releasing the title \"Crazy About You\" in 1998. She subsequently appeared as a guest star and host on various French TV shows. She came to media attention in 2002 by appearing under the name \"Lesly\", and released several records under the alias \"Lesly Mess\". She lives in Beverly Hills, California, United States. She had a relationship with Coolio lasting two years. In 2007, she married musician Ronnie Turner, musician, the son of Ike and Tina Turner. She started to use the name Afida Turner. On June 12, 2017, she officially announced her breakup with Ronnie Turner after ten years of marriage. Afida Turner Afida Turner (born Hafidda Messaï on December 22, 1976) is a French-American singer, actress, and media personality who once used the stage name Lesly Mess. In 2007, she married musician Ronnie Turner, the son of Ike and Tina Turner. Afida Turner was born in Auchel, France. Her father was from Algeria and her mother from La Réunion. She made appearances in three films, \"Shut Up And Shoot\", \"The Sweep\" and \"Single Black Female\". In 2013, she played a role in the film \"Visions Interdites\". In 2018, she played"
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"Francisco Maria da Silva Francisco Maria da Silva (March 15, 1910—April 14, 1977) was a Portuguese prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Braga from 1963 until his death. D. Francisco da Silva was born in Murtosa, and was ordained to the priesthood on May 21, 1932. On December 20, 1956, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Braga and Titular Bishop of \"Telmissus\" by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on March 31, 1957 from Archbishop Antonio Martins Júnior, with Archbishop Manuel Ferreira da Silva and Bishop José Dias serving as co-consecrators. Silva attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965, and was named Archbishop of Braga on December 12, 1963. In the August 10th of 1975, the Archbishop delivered a speech in which he gave a scathing condemnation of Communism, as well as demanding that the Communist Party relinquish its hold over the Catholic-owned \"Radio Renascença\", saying, \"We want respect for public morality and moral values...for fundamental human rights. Christian people must assume their responsibilities, certain that the best values guide their lives: God, His church, and the homeland\". After the speech, thousands of his audience desecrated the flag at the Communist Party headquarters, and were opened fire upon. D. Francisco later died at the age of 67, having served as archbishop for twenty-one years. Francisco Maria da Silva Francisco Maria da Silva (March 15, 1910—April 14, 1977) was a Portuguese prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Braga from 1963 until his death. D. Francisco da Silva was born in Murtosa, and was ordained to the priesthood on May 21, 1932. On December 20, 1956, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Braga and Titular Bishop of \"Telmissus\" by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on"
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"Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association The Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association (CUFLA) is an association of men's field lacrosse teams connected with several universities in Ontario and Quebec. Teams compete in the fall with league playoffs typically in early November. Founded in 1985, the Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association, or the \"CUFLA,\" was originally known as the Ontario University Field Lacrosse Association (OUFLA) and, as the name suggests, was entirely Ontario-based. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, OUFLA expanded to include more teams across Ontario. Having grown to 10 teams in 2002, OUFLA changed its name to the Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association to reflect the additions of McGill University and Bishop's University, both located in Quebec. The league expanded to 12 teams in 2007 with the additions of Trent (Peterborough) and Laurentian (Sudbury) universities. With these additions the league split into two divisions (east and west) based on geographic location of member schools. Concordia University in Montreal became the 13th member, the third in Quebec, in 2012. As it celebrates its 30th year in 2014, the CUFLA has expanded again to 15 teams with the addition of Nipissing University and the University of Ottawa. This ongoing growth bodes well for the continued expansion of men's field lacrosse at various universities across Canada. Former The Baggataway Cup is the Canadian university field lacrosse championship, awarded annually to the winner of the post-season tournament by the Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association. The Baggataway Cup tournament is typically held the second weekend in November, and is hosted by one of the member schools. The operations of CUFLA are handled by an executive that reports regularly to the team presidents, typically at annual general meetings. Currently, the executive is composed of a Commissioner, an Assistant Commissioner, a Treasurer, a Director of Communications and a Referee-in-Chief. Only current students registered at their respective universities with a full course load are deemed eligible to play in CUFLA competitions. Players who have played professional field lacrosse (such as Major League Lacrosse) are prohibited from playing in CUFLA. However, players who play professional box lacrosse (such as the National Lacrosse League) are eligible to play. Throughout the years, the league has seen many current and former NLL players scattered throughout various teams. Many current and former players have met with a great deal of success representing their countries or playing professional lacrosse in the National Lacrosse League and Major League Lacrosse. Media coverage of CUFLA has grown in recent years, with local and student newspapers devoting several articles to CUFLA's game results. Several lacrosse websites (Lacrosse All Stars, Inside Lacrosse, The Lacrosse News,Lacrosse Bucket Blog, etc.) and magazines have taken notice and included CUFLA in their ongoing coverage of the world of lacrosse. Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association The Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association (CUFLA) is an association of men's field lacrosse teams connected with several universities in Ontario and Quebec. Teams compete in the fall with league playoffs typically in early November. Founded in 1985, the Canadian"
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"Lauren B. Davis Lauren B. Davis (née Cargill) is a Canadian writer. She is best known for her novels \"Our Daily Bread\", which was named one of the best books of 2011 by \"The Globe and Mail\" and \"The Boston Globe\". and \"The Empty Room,\" a semi-autobiographical novel about alcoholism. She currently lives in Princeton, New Jersey with her husband, Zurich Financial executive, Ron Davis, and their dog, Bailey (The Rescuepoo) Born in Montreal, Quebec, on September 5, 1955, Davis lived in France for over a decade (1994-2004), and now resides in Princeton, New Jersey. She studied creative writing at Indiana University. Early in her career, Davis was mentored by Timothy Findley, at the Humber College School for Writers, where went on to be mentor herself (2007-2009). She was past European editor for the \"Literary Review of Canada\" from 1999 to 2002. Davis has taught fiction writing at the WICE (Paris); the American University of Paris; the Geneva Writers' Conference; and Seattle University's Writers' Conference in Allihies, Ireland. Davis has also lectured on writing at Trent University, Rider University, Humber College and The Paris Writers' Workshop, and has done numerous readings. Her novel \"Our Daily Bread\" was long-listed for the Scotiabank Giller Prize, and named as one of the \"Very Best Books of 2011\" by \"The Globe and Mail, and \"Best of 2011\" by \"The Boston Globe; \"The Empty Room (2007) was named one of the best books of the years by the Toronto Star, The Globe & Mail, and the Winnipeg Free Press; The Radiant City\" (2005) was a finalist for the Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize. \"The Stubborn Season\" (2002), was chosen for the Robert Adams Lecture Series and named one of the best-selling books of the year by Amazon.ca. Adams's lecture was televised on TVOntario's program \"Imprint\". \"An Unrehearsed Desire\" (2008) was longlisted for the ReLit Awards. Her short fiction has also been shortlisted for the CBC Literary Awards and she is the recipient of two Mid-Career Writer Sustaining grants from the Canada Council for the Arts, in 2000 and 2006. Lauren B. Davis Lauren B. Davis (née Cargill) is a Canadian writer. She is best known for her novels \"Our Daily Bread\", which was named one of the best books of 2011 by \"The Globe and Mail\" and \"The Boston Globe\". and \"The Empty Room,\" a semi-autobiographical novel about alcoholism. She currently lives in Princeton, New"
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"Morris House (Halifax) Morris House (also known as the Morris Office) is the oldest wooden residence in Halifax, Nova Scotia (circa 1764) and the former office of Charles Morris (surveyor general). The house was originally located at 1273 Hollis Street, and since January 2013 has been located at 2500 Creighton Street. The Morris family used the house as their office for eighty years. There were four generations of the Morris family, a dynasty of Surveyor Generals of Nova Scotia, who used the building as their office. Due to the efforts of the Heritage Trust of Nova Scotia and others, the house has been salvaged from demolition in 2009. The original property was owned by Dennis Heffernan who sold it to Charles Morris Jr. in 1777, who likely had his father stay with him. A Raman spectroscopic chemical analysis study at Saint Mary's University revealed that the interior paints and wallpaper contained 19th century inorganic pigments such as basic lead carbonate (white lead), lead carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate (chalk), and chromium(III) oxide (chrome green). The exterior was painted with a modern synthetic pigment, copper phthalocyanine (Phthalocyanine Blue BN). Local design firm Breakhouse partnered with eyecandy SIGNS INC. to design and build the monument sign that honours the life and home of Charles Morris. The sign is installed at the original location of the house. The house has been moved to Charles St in the North End of Halifax. Endnotes Links Morris House (Halifax) Morris House (also known as the Morris Office) is the oldest wooden residence in Halifax, Nova Scotia (circa 1764) and the former office of Charles Morris (surveyor general). The house was originally located at 1273 Hollis Street, and since January 2013 has been located at 2500 Creighton Street. The Morris family used the house as their office"
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"Triple Alliance (1596) The Triple Alliance of 1596 (full title: Tract of alliance between England, France and the United Netherlands), was an alliance between England, France and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. The Republic joined as a third party to an earlier agreement between England and France, but the alliance did in fact not take effect until the Republic joined. By signing the treaty, France and England were the first states to recognize the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands as an independent state. The three parties in the alliance were all at war with Spain. There had been attempts to convince magnates from the Holy Roman Empire to join the alliance, but they did not want to enter the war against Spain. The alliance, along with other things, agreed to help maintain their respective armies. The alliance was in effect for only a few years. Elizabeth I had become queen of England in 1558. She was the successor of Mary I of England, who had conducted a reign of terror against Protestants in an attempt to restore the Catholic Church in England. Mary had married Philip II, the king of Spain in her final years. Elizabeth I supported Protestants and over time began to see the Catholics as potential enemies and supporters of Philip II. From the mid eighties of the 16th century, England openly supported the revolt in the Netherlands, which started in 1568. Relations between Spain and England had long been tense. These tensions led to the breakout of the Anglo-Spanish War in 1585, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish fleet and the failed invasion of England by the Spanish Armada in 1588. Since then Spain spent considerable effort to rebuild its fleet. Elizabeth's strategy was to destroy any new Spanish ships before they could take any action. Following this strategy, a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet successfully attacked the Spanish fleet at Cádiz, where, amongst other results, two Spanish warships were captured. The Wars of Religion, a constantly resurging conflict between Catholics and Protestants, had been raging in France since 1562. In 1570 the Catholics and Protestants signed a peace treaty which would be sealed two years later, on August 18, 1572, by the marriage between the Protestant Henry of Navarre and the Catholic Marguerite de Valois, sister of the French King. On August 22, A few days after the marriage took place, a failed assassination attempt on the Protestant leader Admiral Gaspard de Coligny led to the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. On the night of 23 to 24 August, thousands of French Protestants, including Coligny, were killed. The struggle between Catholics and Protestants erupted again in all its ferocity. Henry of Navarre was captured by the Catholics during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, and forced to convert to the Catholic faith. In 1576, after four years of imprisonment at the court, Henry of Navarre managed to escape. Fleeing to Protestant territory, he immediately reconverted to the Protestant faith. Meanwhile, the Catholic League, led by Henry of Guise, a childhood friend of Henry III, began to worry about the succession. The Catholic King Henry III was childless, and after the death of his younger brother Francis of Anjou in 1584, according to the Salic Laws the Protestant Henry of Navarre was the next in line of succession, being a descendant of thirteenth-century King Louis IX. Within the Catholic faction, particularly among residents of Paris, there was support for a takeover of the throne by Henry of Guise. In 1588, after a military victory over Henry of Navarre, Guise entered Paris, where he was greeted royally by the people. Henry III was forced to withdraw to the Louvre. After the French States-General proved unwilling to support him against De Guise, Henry III had Guise assassinated on 23 December 1588. The following year he reconciled with Henry of Navarre. Together they defeated the radical Catholic armies of the Catholic League and then besieged Paris, where the Catholic faction was still in power. On August 1, 1589, Henry III was fatally stabbed by a fanatical monk named Jacques Clement. Henry III died the next day from his injuries. After Henry III's death, Henry of Navarre had himself proclaimed as King Henry IV of France. For Philip II of Spain this was reason enough to enter the struggle in France on the side of the Catholic faction. His plan was to put his daughter, Isabella of Spain, on the French throne in order to secure the survival and supremacy of Catholicism in France. Amongst other actions, Philip sent his general Alexander Farnese, duke of Parma, to France. Parma, who had been very successful in leading the Army of Flanders against the Dutch Republic, managed to end the siege of Paris. Farnese achieved some military successes but died in 1592. Henry IV eventually achieved victory in 1593, partially by converting to the Catholic faith (reportedly saying \"Paris vaut bien une messe\", 'Paris is worth a Mass') and then on February 27, 1593, was finally crowned King of France. The Spanish troops remained active in France, however, with the goal of putting Philip's daughter on the French throne. Henry was thus forced to enter the war against Philip II, even though he considered negotiating peace with Spain several times. The Eighty Years' War had been raging in and around the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands since the 1568, though in that time it was still called a revolt. Since the beginning of the revolt, religious freedom had been, after the tax (the so-called \"tenth penny of Alba\", an early form of VAT), one of the main reasons used to justify the rebellion against the King of Spain, Philip II. The Reformation had taken hold in large parts of the Low Countries. Since 1568 both parties had had their share of victories and defeats. From 1589 Maurice of Orange was, as commander of the Dutch army, the main military leader of the Republic. He was supported by his cousin William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg, who was stadtholder of Friesland. Maurice and William Louis carried out their military operations in close collaboration with the States-General of the Netherlands, which provided the funds for the army. Already in 1585, England aided the Republic by sending 6000 soldiers under the command of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. In return, England was given the towns of Brill and Flushing on lease. The presence of the Earl of Leicester was not a success and the Republic perceived him mainly as a burden, since England had to be paid for the English forces that had been sent. The Earl had been assigned by Elizabeth I to push for peace between the Republic and Spain, which ultimately resulted in the Earl's forced departure from the Republic in 1587. In the subsequent decades, Maurice of Orange and William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg obtained a number of victories over the Spanish, expanding the territory over which the States-General had control considerably. The conquered territory included amongst others, Twente, the county of Zutphen, the Oversticht, Groningen and the Ommelanden. During the 16th century Spain was a powerful nation, led by King Philip II. Seeing himself as the most powerful monarch in Europe, and a staunch catholic, Philip saw it as his job to lead the Counter Reformation against the emerging Protestantism. Because his territorial domains also included Portugal, Sicily, Sardinia and Naples, he was able to exert a powerful influence over much of Europe. He was also Lord of the Netherlands, where, since the Beggars Revolt in 1572, Protestants had taken control of a number of cities, which meant that he now had to face Protestants inside of his own territories. Spain had the open support of the various popes in the 16th century, including Pope Clement VIII, who was pope from 1592 to 1605. Other states who openly stood on the side of Spain were Savoy and Lorraine. In 1595 both England, France and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands had by",
"most powerful monarch in Europe, and a staunch catholic, Philip saw it as his job to lead the Counter Reformation against the emerging Protestantism. Because his territorial domains also included Portugal, Sicily, Sardinia and Naples, he was able to exert a powerful influence over much of Europe. He was also Lord of the Netherlands, where, since the Beggars Revolt in 1572, Protestants had taken control of a number of cities, which meant that he now had to face Protestants inside of his own territories. Spain had the open support of the various popes in the 16th century, including Pope Clement VIII, who was pope from 1592 to 1605. Other states who openly stood on the side of Spain were Savoy and Lorraine. In 1595 both England, France and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands had by now been in a long conflict with Spain. There were also other states that resisted Spanish supremacy over Europe, including some German states and some Italian areas which were controlled by Spaniards. An alliance between Spain's opponents therefore seemed to be a logical course of action. Notably France and the Republic made efforts to form an alliance. The problem was that an alliance between these two countries, without the addition of other states, was not powerful enough and would earn little respect. A third party was needed and England fit the profile perfectly. If England joined the alliance, several German princes could also be tempted to join. Henry IV was reluctant to ask Elizabeth to participate in an alliance because it could be seen as a cry for help. The Republic took the opposite view that Elizabeth should be invited immediately, because otherwise the possibility of English support would be very small. Delaying the invitation could be interpreted by England as passing over a potential ally. The Republic also tried to involve other, notably German, states in the alliance. Reasons for this were that the support of England was thought to be insecure, which created the possibility of the domination of the alliance by France. In addition, the German states had many troops at their disposal. The German princes were mainly focused on their own territories because of the struggle between Lutherans and Calvinists. Negotiations were started with the Electorate of the Palatinate and the Electorate of Brandenburg, but the German Emperor blocked the way to an agreement. The Emperor was opposed to the participation of the German Electorates in treaties with foreign powers, which could drag the German principalities into a civil war. Around 1595, Elizabeth I of England was not very interested in forming an alliance with the Republic and France. She was very apprehensive about the possibility that the Republic could become a major naval power and a major competitor of England. Elizabeth saw the kingdom of France as an eternal enemy. While she was not looking for the demise of the kingdom, she was also not prepared to help France become a world power. In 1596 the attitude of Elizabeth I changed. This had everything to do with the Conquest of Calais by Albert of Austria on behalf of Spain. Calais had been an English possession for approximately two centuries, until France conquered the city in 1558. Elizabeth wanted the exclave back, but failing that, she preferred the city under French control against that of Spain. Albrecht of Austria had besieged the city in April 1596. After a brief siege he captured the city, which gave Spain a port close to England that could easily be expanded to a naval base. In London, the fall of Calais caused a riot. Henry IV deliberated on accepting a peace offer from Spain, but decided to leave the choice to Elizabeth I. He let Elizabeth I know that she could help him in the struggle against Spain, but if she did not, he would accept the Spanish peace offer. If France were to make peace with Spain, Spain would be able to concentrate more troops and resources to the struggle against England. Pope Clement VIII, amongst others, was a proponent of this scenario. Elizabeth I eventually decided to negotiate an alliance with France. The Republic was kept out of these negotiations, which lasted one month. Two treaties were signed. One treaty was made public, while the other, official treaty was kept secret. The public treaty stated that England and France would not unilaterally conclude peace with Spain. In order to support France in its war against Spain, England was to send 4,000 soldiers to France. The costs of these soldiers was paid up front by England, but would be repaid by France at a later date. Four French noblemen were sent to London to act as guarantee. The secret treaty, however, stated that England would send only 2,000 soldiers to France, and these soldiers would be stationed solely in Picardy, an area which England had an interest in. The difference in numbers between the two treaties was intended to encourage other states that would join the alliance to make similar efforts to those of England, even though England actually offered a smaller contribution. The Republic was the first state approached to join the alliance. France sent the Duke of Bouillon to the Hague to make the offer. Other states such as Denmark, Scotland, various German and Italian states were subsequently contacted, but none were given as much attention as the Dutch Republic. The Republic was prepared to support other opponents of Spain, so as to gain independence from Spain and also to resist Spanish domination throughout the world. Therefore, the Republic joined the alliance against Spain on October 31, 1596. The Republic attempted to add a clause to the treaty which stated that England or France could not conclude peace with Spain without the consent of the Republic, but this arrangement was not accepted by other states. Then the German Electorates were again approached to join the alliance, first by France in the spring of 1597, followed by the Republic in August of the same year. Maurice of Orange captured Rheinberg from the Spanish as a favour to the German princes, but they decided not to join the alliance. The Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II had been making attempts to negotiate a peace between the warring states since 1590, but the emperor was linked too closely to Spain in the eyes of the members of the alliance for them to approach him. The English queen Elizabeth I tried to renege on the agreements as much as possible. She wanted, for example, to only support France in a defensive war against Spain, contrary to the Republic, which had been on the offensive for a number of years. She was nonetheless the first who made use of the alliance. England's main fleet had been sent to the West Indies, while a new Spanish armada was being built for an invasion of England. In 1588 Spain's first Armada had been narrowly defeated. By conquering Calais, Spain had gained a port that could serve as a springboard for a new invasion of England. Because of this, Elizabeth asked for support from the Republic to build a fleet that could stop the new Spanish Armada. Johan van Oldenbarnevelt honored the request and immediately took a number of measures. Johan Duvenvoorde, Fleet Admiral of the Dutch Republic, was sent to England to advise on the construction of the English fleet, and patrols in the English Channel and North Sea were tightened. In addition, it was forbidden to sell grain to Spain, so that the impact of crop failures in Spain became even greater. In 1596 a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet was able to defeat the Spanish fleet in the Capture of Cadiz. The Anglo-Dutch fleet was led by Robert Devereux and Van Duvenvoorde and resulted in the sacking of Cádiz. The following year, however, the Anglo-Dutch fleet lost a battle against the Spanish fleet. Despite losing the battle, the Dutch Republic had shown through its assistance to the English that it was a naval power to be reckoned with. As late as 1596 the Republic received advantages from the alliance. A request to",
"of the Dutch Republic, was sent to England to advise on the construction of the English fleet, and patrols in the English Channel and North Sea were tightened. In addition, it was forbidden to sell grain to Spain, so that the impact of crop failures in Spain became even greater. In 1596 a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet was able to defeat the Spanish fleet in the Capture of Cadiz. The Anglo-Dutch fleet was led by Robert Devereux and Van Duvenvoorde and resulted in the sacking of Cádiz. The following year, however, the Anglo-Dutch fleet lost a battle against the Spanish fleet. Despite losing the battle, the Dutch Republic had shown through its assistance to the English that it was a naval power to be reckoned with. As late as 1596 the Republic received advantages from the alliance. A request to England for sending troops was granted. Francis Vere was sent with 2200 soldiers to the Republic. France also sent troops to the Republic, but these could be recalled at any time if deemed necessary by Henry IV. This actually happened in 1597, when Albert of Austria made an attempt to relieve the siege of Amiens, and Henry IV required more troops to continue the siege. As a result, Elizabeth also sent 4,200 soldiers to assist Henry against the Spanish there. Because of Albert's concentration on France, the Spanish forces guarding the border with the Dutch republic were left on their own, enabling Maurice of Orange to capture several cities in his celebrated campaign of 1597. France also received troops sent by England and the Republic, so in the end all three states participating in the alliance benefited from it. The Republic sent, as agreed in the treaty, 4000 troops to France, while England, according to the secret treaty, sent much less troops. Aside from the military commitments, the alliance had another important meaning for the Republic. By the signing of the alliance, France and England became the first states to officially recognise the Dutch Republic as a sovereign territory. The alliance between the three states was in effect for only a few years. France signed a peace treaty with Spain in 1598, making its participation in the alliance meaningless. France had already started working on a peace treaty with Spain right after signing the alliance, without the Republic and England being aware of this. However, Henry IV did ask the Spanish ambassador if a comprehensive peace between all warring parties was possible, but the Spanish envoy considered it unlikely that Philip II was willing to make peace with rebels who refused to allow the public practice of the Catholic faith. England was also negotiating for a peace with Spain in those years, but it took until 1604 before peace was made with Spain with the Treaty of London. This treaty also required England to take no further part in the war between Spain and the Republic. Finally, Spain also tried to arrange for a peace or a ceasefire with the Dutch Republic, especially after the Battle of Nieuwpoort in 1600, but it would take until 1609 for both states to agree to the Twelve Years' Truce. Triple Alliance (1596) The Triple Alliance of 1596 (full title: Tract of alliance between England, France and the United Netherlands), was an alliance between England, France and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. The Republic joined as a third party to an earlier agreement between England and France, but the alliance did in fact not take effect until the Republic joined. By signing"
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"Prince of Persia: Warrior Within Prince of Persia: Warrior Within is an action-adventure video game and sequel to \"\". \"Warrior Within\" was developed and published by Ubisoft, and released on December 2, 2004 for the Xbox, PlayStation 2, GameCube, and Microsoft Windows. It picks up where \"The Sands of Time\" left off, adding new features, specifically, options in combat. The Prince has the ability to wield two weapons at a time as well as the ability to steal his enemies' weapons and throw them. The Prince's repertoire of combat moves has been expanded into varying strings that allow players to attack enemies with more complexity than was possible in the previous game. \"Warrior Within\" has a darker tone than its predecessor adding in the ability for the Prince to dispatch his enemies with various gory finishing moves. In addition to the rewind, slow-down, and speed-up powers from \"Sands of Time\", the Prince also has a new sand power: a circular \"wave\" of sand that knocks down all surrounding enemies as well as damaging them. Following \"Warrior Within\", a second sequel and a prequel were made, expanding the \"Sands of Time\" story. \"\" was released on December 1, 2005 and \"\" was released on May 18, 2010. A port of \"Warrior Within\" was done by Pipeworks Software, renamed as Prince of Persia: Revelations, and was released on December 6, 2005 for PlayStation Portable. The port includes additional content including new areas not available in the original release. On June 3, 2010, a port of \"Warrior Within\" developed by Gameloft was released for the iPhone. Due to problems with the in-game menu, the game was pulled from the App Store on the same day. It was re-released on June 18, 2010, with the fixed menu and improved tutorial. The iPad version, titled \"Prince of Persia: Warrior Within HD\", was released on September 15, 2010. A remastered, high-definition, version of \"Warrior Within\" was released on the PlayStation Network for the PlayStation 3 on December 14, 2010. Seven years after the events of \"Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time\", the Prince finds himself constantly hunted by a terrible beast known as the Dahaka. The Prince seeks counsel from an old wise man who explains that whoever releases The Sands of Time must die. Because the Prince escaped his fate, it is the Dahaka's mission as guardian of the Timeline to ensure that he dies as he was meant to. The old man also tells of the Island of Time, where the Empress of Time first created the Sands. The Prince sets sail for the Island in an attempt to prevent the Sands from ever being created, an act he believes will appease the Dahaka. After a battle at sea with an enemy force led by a mysterious woman in black capsizes the Prince's ship, the Prince washes ashore unconsciously onto the Island of Time. He later awakens and chases the woman in black through the Empress of Time's fortress into a portal that transports the two into the past. The Prince saves a woman named Kaileena from being killed by the woman in black, whose name is Shahdee. Unable to grant the Prince an audience with the Empress of Time, who is busy preparing to create the Sands, Kaileena instead tells him how to unlock the door to the throne room in which the Empress resides. The Prince makes his way through the fortress, using the sand portals to travel back and forth between the past and present, and narrowly escapes several encounters with the Dahaka, who he discovers cannot pass through water. The Prince activates the mechanisms in the two towers of the fortress - the Garden Tower and the Mechanical Tower - that serve as locks to the door. He returns to the throne room only to discover that Kaileena is actually the Empress of Time herself, who has foreseen in the Timeline that the Prince will kill her and who has decided to attempt to defy her fate, just as the Prince is doing. A battle ensues and the Prince proves victorious; he kills Kaileena and returns to the present. He believes that he has changed his fate, but another encounter with the Dahaka forces him to realize that in killing Kaileena, he was, in essence, the one who created the Sands of Time, as the Sands were created from her remains and they flow into the hourglass. The Prince falls into despair, but then finds a glimmer of hope upon learning of a magical artifact called the Mask of the Wraith, which is said to transport the wearer into the past, allowing the wearer to alter his own Timeline. The Prince wastes no time in seeking out and donning the mask, which transforms him into the Sand Wraith, a monster that constantly ebbs away life, and sends him back to the time when he first arrived on the Island of Time. He formulates a plan to force Kaileena through a sand portal with him, transporting them both into the present, believing that if he kills her then, the Sands of Time will be created seven years after the events of \"Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time\", meaning it will be impossible for the Prince to release them in Azad. While still in the past, the Prince (as the Sand Wraith) ensures that the Dahaka takes and destroys his other self, who has just finished unlocking the door to the throne room, leaving the Sand Wraith the only Prince in that Timeline. This act loosens the Mask of the Wraith from the Prince's face and allows him to remove it and return to his normal form. The Prince goes to the throne room and, despite his pleas to Kaileena, his battle with her begins as before. He forces her into the present with him, and it is at this point that the game has two alternate endings. Which ending is played depends on whether all life upgrades and Water Sword were collected or not. The Prince fights and kills Kaileena in the present, and the Dahaka arrives to claim her body as well as Farah's amulet from the Prince, so that the Sands of Time and all relics pertaining to it are removed from the Timeline. The Prince sails home to Babylon, alone, only to discover that the city is being ravaged by war. The old wise man's voice is heard, once again stating: \"Your journey will not end well. You cannot change your fate. No man can.\" In the present, before the battle between The Prince and Kaileena begins, the Dahaka appears trying to remove Kaileena from the timeline. The Prince tries to save her and realizes that the Water Sword can damage the seemingly-invincible Dahaka. After fighting and defeating the beast, the Prince and Kaileena sail to the Prince's home of Babylon with each other. During the journey, he apparently ends up making love to Kaileena where a dream enters in the mind of the Prince, appearing to be a burning Babylon, with a gold crown rolling to the feet of a mysterious, shadowy figure that ominously claims: \"All that is yours, is rightfully mine...and mine it will be.\" As in the first ending, the old wise man's voice is heard stating: \"Your journey will not end well. You cannot change your fate. No man can.\" This ending is a canonical ending and continues into \"\". Much as its predecessor, \"Warrior Within\" is a 3D platformer centered on exploration and melee combat. As in the prequel, the level design revolves around navigating treacherous environments with parkour and freerunning-styled moves. Unlike the prequel, the game world is highly nonlinear; the player would often return to already visited locations several times from various directions, often traversing time portals to visit the same places in the present and the past in order to find ways around obstacles which would be impassable in either time alone. Secret areas can be found and explored to gain additional health points and unique weapons, which culminates in discovering a weapon capable of inflicting damage on the Dahaka, unlocking the game's canonical ending. In addition to normal platforming, the game also features episodes where the Prince is chased by the Dahaka and must quickly navigate trap-ridden hallways to reach safety. The combat system has undergone a revision and allows the",
"and freerunning-styled moves. Unlike the prequel, the game world is highly nonlinear; the player would often return to already visited locations several times from various directions, often traversing time portals to visit the same places in the present and the past in order to find ways around obstacles which would be impassable in either time alone. Secret areas can be found and explored to gain additional health points and unique weapons, which culminates in discovering a weapon capable of inflicting damage on the Dahaka, unlocking the game's canonical ending. In addition to normal platforming, the game also features episodes where the Prince is chased by the Dahaka and must quickly navigate trap-ridden hallways to reach safety. The combat system has undergone a revision and allows the player to wield off-hand weapons in addition to the primary weapon. Two-hand fighting introduces numerous additional acrobatic combos to dispatch enemies with greater efficiency and brutality. Off-hand weapons have varying bonuses and penalties applied to the player's damage and hit points; they can be thrown at enemies to allow a limited form of ranged combat. Aside from bosses, the enemies are sand creatures of varying sizes. Unlike the \"Sands of Time\", where rounds of heavy combat are interspersed with rounds of exploration, enemies can be encountered anywhere along the way, alone and in packs; some common enemies would respawn as the player revisits locations. As in the prequel, the Prince possesses a limited control of time; the Sands can be used for more efficient combat as well as to slow down and even rewind time, allowing the Prince to retry ill-timed jumps or escape Dahaka's clutches. As opposed to the shorter hair and exquisite robes from the first game, the Prince's hair is long and he wears armor and bandages. The game had a change of voice actors; the Prince is voiced by Robin Atkin Downes, in the previous (and following) game he was voiced by Yuri Lowenthal. Kaileena is voiced by Italian actress Monica Bellucci and a sound-alike actress (Alicyn Packard). \"The Sands of Time\" featured a soundtrack by Stuart Chatwood, consisting of a fusion of Arabic- and Indian-influenced melodies with heavy metal. Chatwood remained the composer for \"Warrior Within\", though the music became more guitar-oriented; it featured Godsmack's \"I Stand Alone\" without vocals as the Dahaka's chase theme and \"Straight Out of Line\" over the game's credits. \"Warrior Within\"s PlayStation 2 version received a \"Gold\" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 200,000 copies in the United Kingdom. Critical reviews of \"Warrior Within\" ranged from positive to mixed. The GameCube, PC, PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions received \"favorable\" reviews, while the iOS and PSP versions received \"mixed or average reviews\" according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Elsewhere, the mobile phone version received \"universal acclaim\" according to GameRankings. Reviewers praised the inclusion and familiar platforming elements of the previous game with mixed feelings of the new combat elements. \"Warrior Within\" also contained more content than \"The Sands of Time\", taking anywhere from 15–20 hours to complete. Jordan Mechner, who was the creator of the original \"Prince of Persia\" and worked on \"The Sands of Time\" but not \"Warrior Within\", however, commented in \"Wired\" that \"I'm not a fan of the artistic direction, or the violence that earned it an M rating. The story, character, dialog, voice acting, and visual style were not to my taste.\" Eurogamer complained that the game lost much of its charm by making the game's visuals grimier, the story less involving and mature compared to \"Sands of Time\", and the addition of blood and scantily-clad female characters was in poor taste. Penny Arcade parodied the Prince in comic form, claiming the once witty, likeable Prince character, turned into a more aggressive Gothic character, making him a \"cookie cutter brooding tough guy with zero personality.\" GameSpot also criticized the game for having uneven difficulty progression and numerous glitches and bugs. IGN gave the Mobile version 9.6 out of 10, calling it \"Gameloft's triumph\" and \"likely the best game of the year.\" GameSpot gave the same version 9.2 out of 10, calling it \"a dominant game on its own merits, but it's identical to the first game in one respect: Anyone who is remotely interested in playing an action game on their handset should download it.\" In Japan, \"Famitsu\" gave the PS2 version a score of one nine, two eights, and one nine for a total of 34 out of 40. Non video-game publications also gave the game some favorable reviews. \"Detroit Free Press\" gave the Xbox version all four stars and stated: \"The prince has gone from an \"Aladdin\"-style teenager to a grim, angry young adult. He's even more beautifully drawn than before, and this year's installment adds a much better combat system.\" \"The Sydney Morning Herald\" gave the game four stars out of five, saying, \"Exploring the labyrinthine citadel is rewarding, although backtracking and frequent deaths can be frustrating.\" However, \"The New York Times\" panned the game by giving it an unfavorable review and stating that, \"The tone of the game has gone from an Arabian Nights fantasy to something akin to a Marilyn Manson music video. In dark and grimy settings, the once gallant prince curses and jeers as he swings his sword at demons whose decapitations are lovingly shown in slow motion to a soundtrack of screeching guitars.\" The editors of \"Computer Gaming World\" nominated \"Warrior Within\" for their 2004 \"Action Game of the Year\" award, which ultimately went to \"\". Prince of Persia: Warrior Within Prince of"
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"PBS The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor. It is a non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of educational television programming to public television stations in the United States, distributing series such as \"American Experience\", \"America's Test Kitchen\", \"Antiques Roadshow\", \"Arthur\", \"Downton Abbey\", \"Finding Your Roots\", \"Frontline\", \"The Magic School Bus\", \"Masterpiece\", \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\", \"Nature\", \"Nova\", \"PBS NewsHour\", \"Sesame Street\" and \"This Old House\". PBS is funded by member station dues, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, corporate contributions, National Datacast, pledge drives, private foundations and individual citizens. All proposed funding is subjected to a set of standards to ensure the program is free of influence from the funding source. Since the mid-2000s, Roper Opinion Research polls commissioned by PBS have consistently placed the service as the most-trusted national institution in the United States. A 20162017 study by Nielsen found 80% of all US television households view the network's programs. However, PBS is not responsible for all programming carried on public television stations, a large proportion of which come from affiliates, including such member stations as WGBH, WETA, WNET, WTTW, American Public Television and independent producers. This distinction is a frequent source of viewer confusion. The service has more than 350 member television stations, many owned by educational institutions, by non-profit groups affiliated with a local public school district or collegiate educational institution, or by state government-owned or state government-related entities. Founded by Hartford N. Gunn Jr., PBS began operations on October 5, 1970, taking over many of the functions of its predecessor, National Educational Television (NET), which later merged with Newark, New Jersey station WNDT to form WNET. In 1973, it merged with Educational Television Stations. Unlike the five major commercial broadcast television networks in the United States, ABC, CBS, NBC, Fox and The CW – which compensate their affiliate stations to carry their programs – PBS is not a network but a program distributor that provides television content and related services to its member stations. Each station is charged with the responsibility of programming local content such as news, interviews, cultural and public affairs programs for their individual market or state that supplements content provided by PBS and other public television distributors. In a television network structure, affiliates give up portions of their local advertising airtime in exchange for carrying network programming, and the network pays its affiliates a share of the revenue it earns from advertising. By contrast, PBS member stations pay fees for the shows acquired and distributed by the national organization. Under this relationship, PBS member stations have greater latitude in local scheduling than their commercial broadcasting counterparts. Scheduling of PBS-distributed series may vary greatly depending on the market. This can be a source of tension as stations seek to preserve their localism, and PBS strives to market a consistent national lineup. However, PBS has a policy of \"common carriage,\" which requires most stations to clear the national prime time programs on a common programming schedule to market them nationally more effectively. Management at former Los Angeles member KCET cited unresolvable financial and programming disputes among its major reasons for leaving PBS after over 40 years in January 2011. Although PBS has a set schedule of programming, particularly in regard to its prime time schedule, member stations reserve the right to schedule PBS-distributed programming in other time slots or not clear it at all if they choose to do so; few of the service's members carry all its programming. Most PBS stations timeshift some distributed programs. Once PBS accepts a program offered for distribution, PBS, rather than the originating member station, retains exclusive rebroadcasting rights during an agreed period. Suppliers retain the right to sell the program in non-broadcast media such as DVDs, books, and sometimes PBS licensed merchandise. In 1991, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting resumed production for most PBS shows that debuted prior to 1977, with the exceptions of \"Washington Week in Review\" and \"Wall Street Week\" (CPB resumed production of \"Washington Week\" in 1997). In 1994, \"The Chronicle of Philanthropy\" released the results of the largest study on the popularity and credibility of charitable and non-profit organizations. PBS ranked as the 11th \"most popular charity/non-profit in America\" from over 100 charities researched in the study conducted by the industry publication, with 38.2% of Americans over the age of 12 choosing \"love\" and \"like a lot\" for PBS. In December 2009, PBS signed up for the Nielsen ratings audience measurement reports, and began to be included in its primetime and daily \"Television Index\" reports, alongside the major commercial broadcast networks. In May 2011, PBS announced that it would incorporate breaks containing underwriter spots for corporate and foundation sponsors, program promotions and identification spots within four breaks placed within episodes of \"Nature\" and \"NOVA\", airing episodes broken up into segments of up to 15 minutes, rather than airing them as straight 50- to 55-minute episodes. The strategy began that fall, with the intent to expand the in-program breaks to the remainder of the schedule if successful. In 2011, PBS released apps for iOS and Android to allow viewing of full-length videos on mobile devices. An update in 2015 added Chromecast support. On February 28, 2012, PBS partnered with AOL to launch \"\", a digital documentary series focusing on high-achieving women in male-dominated industries such as war, comedy, space, business, Hollywood and politics. PBS initially struggled to compete with online media such as YouTube for market share. In a 2012 speech to 850 top executives from PBS stations, Senior Vice President of Digital Jason Seiken warned that PBS was in danger of being disrupted by YouTube studios such as Maker Studios. In the speech, later described as a \"seminal moment\" for public television, he laid out his vision for a new style of PBS digital video production. Station leadership rallied around his vision and Seiken formed PBS Digital Studios, which began producing educational but edgy videos, something Seiken called \"PBS-quality with a YouTube sensibility.\" The studio's first hit, an auto-tuned version of the theme from one of their most famous television programs, \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\", was one of YouTube's 10 most viral videos of 2012. By 2013, monthly video views on PBS.org had risen from 2 million to a quarter-billion, PBS.org traffic had surpassed that of the CBS, NBC, and ABC web sites, PBSKids.org had become the dominant US children's site for video, and PBS had won more 2013 Webby Awards than any other media company in the world. On May 8, 2013, full-length episodes of PBS' prime time, news and children's programs were made available through the Roku streaming player; programming is available on Roku as separate streaming channels for PBS and PBS Kids content. The evening and primetime schedule on PBS features a diverse array of programming including fine arts (\"Great Performances\"); drama (\"Masterpiece\", \"Downton Abbey\", \"American Family: Journey of Dreams\"); science (\"Nova\", \"Nature\"); history (\"American Experience\", \"American Masters\", \"History Detectives\", \"Antiques Roadshow\"); music (\"Austin City Limits\", \"Soundstage\"); public affairs (\"Frontline\", \"PBS NewsHour\", \"Washington Week\", Nightly Business Report); independent films and documentaries (\"P.O.V.\", \"Independent Lens\"); home improvement (\"This Old House\"); and interviews (\"Amanpour & Company\", \"Tavis",
"time, news and children's programs were made available through the Roku streaming player; programming is available on Roku as separate streaming channels for PBS and PBS Kids content. The evening and primetime schedule on PBS features a diverse array of programming including fine arts (\"Great Performances\"); drama (\"Masterpiece\", \"Downton Abbey\", \"American Family: Journey of Dreams\"); science (\"Nova\", \"Nature\"); history (\"American Experience\", \"American Masters\", \"History Detectives\", \"Antiques Roadshow\"); music (\"Austin City Limits\", \"Soundstage\"); public affairs (\"Frontline\", \"PBS NewsHour\", \"Washington Week\", Nightly Business Report); independent films and documentaries (\"P.O.V.\", \"Independent Lens\"); home improvement (\"This Old House\"); and interviews (\"Amanpour & Company\", \"Tavis Smiley\", \"The Dick Cavett Show\"). In 2012, PBS began organizing much of its prime time programming around a genre-based schedule (for example, drama series encompass the Sunday schedule, while science-related programs are featured on Wednesdays). PBS broadcasts children's programming as part of the service's (and including content supplied by other distributors not programmed by the service, its member stations') morning and afternoon schedule. As the children's programs it distributes are intended to educate as well as entertain its target audience, PBS and its stations have long been in compliance with educational programming guidelines set by the Federal Communications Commission in response to the enactment of the Children's Television Act of 1990. Many member stations have historically also broadcast distance education and other instructional television programs, typically during daytime slots; though with the advent of digital television, which has allowed stations to carry these programs on digital subchannels in lieu of the main PBS feed or exclusively over the Internet, many member stations/networks have replaced distance education content with children's and other programming. Unlike its radio counterpart, National Public Radio, PBS does not have a central program production arm or news division. All of the programming carried by PBS, whether news, documentary or entertainment, is created by (or in most cases produced under contract with) other parties, such as individual member stations. Boston member WGBH-TV is one of the largest producers of educational television programming, including shows like \"American Experience\", \"Arthur\", \"Masterpiece Theatre\", \"Nova\", \"Antiques Roadshow\" and \"Frontline\", as well as many other children's and lifestyle programs. News programs are produced by WETA-TV (\"PBS Newshour\") in Washington, D.C., WNET in New York City and WPBT in Miami. Newark, New Jersey/New York City member WNET produces or distributes programs such as \"Secrets of the Dead\", \"Nature,\" and \"Cyberchase\". PBS also works with other networks for programming such as CNN International for \"Amanpour & Company\" which is a co-production of CNN International and WNET. PBS member stations are known for rebroadcasting British television costume dramas, comedies and science fiction programs (acquired from the BBC and other sources) such as \"Downton Abbey\"; \"'Allo 'Allo!\"; \"Are You Being Served?\"; \"The Benny Hill Show\", \"Red Dwarf\"; \"The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin\"; \"Father Ted\"; \"Fawlty Towers\"; \"Harry Enfield and Chums\"; \"Keeping Up Appearances\"; \"Monty Python's Flying Circus\"; \"Mr. Bean\", \"The Vicar of Dibley\", \"Doctor Who\", and \"Sherlock\"; consequently, this has led to jocular references that the service's name stands for \"Primarily British Series\". However, a significant amount of sharing takes place. The BBC and British broadcasters such as Channel 4 often cooperate with PBS stations, producing material that is shown on both sides of the Atlantic. Less frequently, Canadian, Australian and other international programming appears on PBS stations (such as \"The Red Green Show\", currently distributed by syndicator Executive Program Services); public broadcasting syndicators are more likely to offer this programming to U.S.-based public television stations. PBS is not the only distributor of public television programming to the member stations. Other distributors have emerged from the roots of companies that maintained loosely held regional public television stations in the 1960s. Boston-based American Public Television (which, among other names, was formerly known as Eastern Educational Network and the American Program Service) is second only to PBS for distributing programs to U.S. non-commercial stations. Another distributor is NETA (formerly SECA), whose properties have included \"The Shapies\" and \"Jerry Yarnell School of Fine Art\". In addition, the member stations themselves also produce a variety of local shows, some of which subsequently receive national distribution through PBS or other distributors. Rerun programming is generally uncommon on PBS or its member stations, with some exceptions. \"The Lawrence Welk Show\" has aired continuously in reruns on PBS (through the Oklahoma Educational Television Authority) almost every weekend since 1986. Other programs that have been aired in reruns are generally past PBS series whose hosts have retired or are now deceased (for example, \"The Joy of Painting\" and \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\") or have simply ended production (such as \"DragonflyTV\" and \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\"). Launched in 1994 as PTV, PBS Kids is the brand for children's programs aired by PBS. The PBS Kids network, which was launched in 1999 and operated until 2005, was largely funded by satellite provider DirecTV. The channel ceased operations on October 1, 2005, in favor of PBS Kids Sprout, a commercial digital cable and satellite television channel originally operated as a joint venture with Comcast, Sesame Workshop and Apax Partners (NBCUniversal, which Comcast acquired in 2011, later acquired the other partners' interests in the channel in 2012). However, the original programming block still exists on PBS, filling daytime and in some cases, weekend morning schedules on its member stations; many members also carry 24-hour locally programmed children's networks featuring PBS Kids content on one of their digital subchannels. As of 2018, PBS Kids and Kids Click are the only two children's programming blocks on U.S. broadcast television. As PBS is often known for doing, PBS Kids has broadcast imported series from other countries; these include British series originally broadcast by the BBC and ITV. Through American Public Television, many PBS stations also began airing the Australian series \"Raggs\" on June 4, 2007. Some of the programs broadcast as part of the service's children's lineup or through public broadcast syndication directly to its members have subsequently been syndicated to commercial television outlets (such as \"Ghostwriter\" and \"The Magic School Bus\"). Many PBS member stations and networks – including Mississippi Public Broadcasting (MHSAA), Georgia Public Broadcasting (GHSA), Maine Public Broadcasting Network (MPA), Iowa Public Television (IGHSAU), Nebraska Educational Telecommunications (NSAA), and WKYU-TV (Western Kentucky Hilltoppers) – locally broadcast high school and college sports. From the 1980s onward, the national PBS network has not typically carried sporting events, mainly because the broadcast rights to most sporting events have become more cost-prohibitive in that timeframe, especially for nonprofits with limited revenue potential; in addition, starting with the respective launches of the MountainWest Sports Network (now defunct) and Big Ten Network in 2006 and 2007 and the later launches of the Pac-12 Network and ESPN's SEC Network, athletic conferences have acquired rights for all of their member university's sports programs for their cable channels, restricting their use from PBS member stations, even those associated with their own universities. From 1976 to 1989, KQED produced a series of Bundesliga matches under",
"broadcast high school and college sports. From the 1980s onward, the national PBS network has not typically carried sporting events, mainly because the broadcast rights to most sporting events have become more cost-prohibitive in that timeframe, especially for nonprofits with limited revenue potential; in addition, starting with the respective launches of the MountainWest Sports Network (now defunct) and Big Ten Network in 2006 and 2007 and the later launches of the Pac-12 Network and ESPN's SEC Network, athletic conferences have acquired rights for all of their member university's sports programs for their cable channels, restricting their use from PBS member stations, even those associated with their own universities. From 1976 to 1989, KQED produced a series of Bundesliga matches under the banner \"Soccer Made in Germany\", with Toby Charles announcing. PBS also carried tennis events, as well as Ivy League football. Notable football commentators included Upton Bell, Marty Glickman, Bob Casciola, Brian Dowling, Sean McDonough and Jack Corrigan. Other sports programs included interview series such as \"The Way It Was\" and \"The Sporting Life\". The board of directors is responsible for governing and setting policy for PBS, consisting of 27 members: 14 professional directors (station managers), 12 general directors (outside directors), and the PBS president. All PBS Board members serve three-year terms, without pay. PBS member stations elect the 14 professional directors; the board elects the 12 general directors and appoints the PBS president and CEO; and the entire board elects its officers. , PBS maintains current memberships with 354 television stations encompassing 50 states, the District of Columbia and four U.S. possessions; as such, it is the only television broadcaster in the United States – commercial or non-commercial – which has station partners licensed in every U.S. state (by comparison, none of the five major commercial broadcast networks has affiliates in certain states where PBS has members, most notably New Jersey). The service has an estimated national reach of 93.74% of all households in the United States (or 292,926,047 Americans with at least one television set). PBS stations are commonly operated by nonprofit organizations, state agencies, local authorities (such as municipal boards of education), or universities in their city of license; this is similar (albeit more centralized in states where a licensee owns multiple stations rebroadcasting the main PBS member) to the early model of commercial broadcasting in the U.S., in which network-affiliated stations were initially owned by companies that owned few to no other television stations elsewhere in the country. In some U.S. states, a group of PBS stations throughout the entire state may be organized into a single regional \"subnetwork\" (such as Alabama Public Television and the Arkansas Educational Television Network); in this model, PBS programming and other content is distributed by the originating station in the subnetwork to other full-power stations that serve as satellites as well as any low-power translators in other areas of the state. Some states may be served by such a regional network and simultaneously have PBS member stations in a certain city (such as the case with secondary member KBDI-TV in Denver, which is not related to Colorado member network Rocky Mountain PBS and its flagship station and primary Denver PBS member, KRMA-TV) that operate autonomously from the regional member network. As opposed to the present commercial broadcasting model in which network programs are often carried exclusively on one television station in a given market, PBS may maintain more than one member station in certain markets, which may be owned by the licensee of the market's primary PBS member station or owned by a separate licensee (as a prime example, KOCE-TV, KLCS and KVCR-DT – which are all individually owned – serve as PBS stations for the Los Angeles market; KCET served as the market's primary PBS member until it left the service in January 2011, at which time it was replaced by KOCE). KCET expects to rejoin PBS later in 2018, thus giving the Los Angeles area four different member stations. For these cases, PBS utilizes the Program Differentiation Plan, which divides by percentage the amount of programs distributed by the service that each member can carry on their schedule; often, this assigns a larger proportion of PBS-distributed programming to the primary member station, with the secondary members being allowed to carry a lesser amount of program offerings from the service's schedule. Unlike public broadcasters in most other countries, PBS cannot own any of the stations that broadcasts its programming; therefore it is one of the few television programming bodies that does not have any owned-and-operated stations. This is partly due to the origins of the PBS stations themselves, and partly due to historical broadcast license issues. Most PBS member stations have produced at least some nationally distributed programs. Current regularly scheduled programming on the PBS national feed is produced by a smaller group of stations, including: PBS has spun off a number of television networks, often in partnership with other media companies. PBS YOU, a distance education and how-to service operated until January 2006, and was largely succeeded by Create (a similarly formatted network owned by American Public Television); PBS Kids Channel was superseded by Sprout at the start of October 2005. The PBS Kids Channel relaunched January 16, 2017. World began operations in 2007 as a service operated by PBS but is now managed by American Public Television. PBS has also restructured its satellite feed system, simplifying HD02 (PBS West) into a timeshift feed for the Pacific Time Zone, rather than a high-definition complement to its formerly primary SD feed. PBS Kids Go! was proposed as a replacement broadcast network for PBS Kids Channel, however, plans to launch the network were folded in 2006. Programming from the PBS Satellite Service has also been carried by certain member stations or regional member networks to fill their overnight schedules (particularly those that have transitioned to a 24-hour schedule since the late 1990s), in lieu of providing programming sourced from outside public television distributors or repeats of local programming (program promotions shown on the satellite feed advertise upcoming programs as being aired on PBS during the timeslot card normally used as a placeholder for member outlets to insert local airtime information). Some or all of these services are available on a digital cable tier of many cable providers, on a free-to-air (FTA) satellite receiver receiving from PBS Satellite Service, as well as via subscription-based direct broadcast satellite providers. With the exception of Sprout, some of these services, including those from PBS member stations and networks, have not made contracts with Internet-distributed over-the-top MVPD services such as PlayStation Vue and Sling TV. With the transition to over-the-air digital television broadcasts, many of the services are also often now available as standard-definition multicast channels on the digital signals of some member stations, while HD02 (PBS West) serves as a secondary HD feed. With the absence of advertising, network identification on these PBS networks was limited to utilization at the end of the program, which includes the standard series of bumpers from the \"Be More\" campaign. While not operated or controlled by PBS proper, additional public broadcasting networks are available and carried by PBS member stations. From 2002 to 2011, Buffalo, New York member station WNED-TV operated ThinkBright TV, a service that was carried on several stations in upstate New York. A separate but related concept is the state network, where a group of stations across a state simulcast a single programming schedule from",
"often now available as standard-definition multicast channels on the digital signals of some member stations, while HD02 (PBS West) serves as a secondary HD feed. With the absence of advertising, network identification on these PBS networks was limited to utilization at the end of the program, which includes the standard series of bumpers from the \"Be More\" campaign. While not operated or controlled by PBS proper, additional public broadcasting networks are available and carried by PBS member stations. From 2002 to 2011, Buffalo, New York member station WNED-TV operated ThinkBright TV, a service that was carried on several stations in upstate New York. A separate but related concept is the state network, where a group of stations across a state simulcast a single programming schedule from a central facility, which may include specialty subchannels unique to that broadcaster. Since 53% to 60% of public television's revenues come from private membership donations and grants, most stations solicit individual donations by methods including fundraising, pledge drives or telethons, which disrupt regularly scheduled programming. This has been perceived as potentially annoying since regularly scheduled programming is often replaced with specials aimed at a wider audience (such as music specials aimed at the baby boomer generation, and financial, health and motivational programs) to solicit new members and donations; during fundraising events, these programs are often interrupted within the broadcast by long-form segments (of six to eight minutes in length) encouraging viewers to donate to their PBS member. Underwriting spots are aired at the end of each program, which differ from traditional commercials in several ways. Each spot must be approved to meet several guidelines. The main guidelines state that underwriting spots cannot be qualitative in any way, nor can they have any call to action. A 1982 broadcast of the United States Information Agency program \"Let Poland be Poland\" about the martial law declared in Poland in 1981 was widely viewed in the U.S., but met with skepticism on the part of eastern European broadcasters (communist countries at the time) due to concerns that the program's \"provocative and anticommunist\" tone was intended as propaganda. In 1999 at least three public television stations were caught selling or trading their mailing lists with the Democratic National Committee. Under IRS regulations nonprofit organizations are prohibited from participating in political actions. Officials from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting condemned the practice and conducted an investigation into the matter. The stations involved were in New York, Boston, and Washington. Individual programs aired by PBS have been the targets of organized campaigns by individuals and groups with opposing views, including former United States Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings. Bill Moyers resigned in 2005 after more than three decades as a PBS regular, citing political pressure to alter the content of his program and saying Chairman of the Board of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting Kenneth Tomlinson had mounted a \"vendetta\" against him. Moyers eventually returned to host \"Bill Moyers Journal\", after Tomlinson's resignation from CPB. Subsequently, PBS made room temporarily for rightwing commentator Tucker Carlson, formerly of MSNBC and co-host of CNN's \"Crossfire\", and \"The Journal Editorial Report\" with Paul Gigot, an editor of \"The Wall Street Journal\" editorial page (this program has since moved to Fox News Channel) to partially balance out the perceived left-leaning PBS shows. In the 1990s, PBS became involved in a dispute over home video licensing rights with Pacific Arts Corporation, a multimedia company owned and operated by former Monkees guitarist Michael Nesmith. In 1990, Pacific Arts secured a contract with PBS to distribute their back catalog of programming on VHS under the PBS Home Video banner. However, in the early 1990s, Pacific Arts and PBS went through a series of serious disagreements. Lawsuits were filed: by Nesmith and Pacific Arts against PBS for breach of contract, intentional misrepresentation, intentional concealment, negligent misrepresentation, and interference with contract; and by PBS against Nesmith and Pacific Arts for lost royalties. The lawsuits escalated in 1994 and 1995 into major litigation between the parties over these rights and payments. PBS and Nesmith and Pacific Arts vigorously prosecuted these multimillion-dollar counter-suits. The six plaintiffs included PBS, WGBH, WNET, the Ken Burns-owned American Documentaries and Radio Pioneers Film Project and the Children's Television Workshop. They sought approximately $5 million in disputed royalties, advances, guarantees and license fees for programs and the use of the PBS logo from the defendants Pacific Arts and Nesmith. Due to the cost of the litigation, Pacific Arts was forced to cease distribution operations and suspended the use of the PBS logo on the Pacific Arts videos. Though Pacific Arts distribution system had ceased operating, the various plaintiffs were counting on capturing a personal financial guarantee Nesmith had made to PBS in the original PBS deal in 1990. The cases went to jury trial in Federal Court in Los Angeles in February 1999. After three days of deliberation, the jury unanimously sided with Nesmith. The court awarded Pacific Arts $14,625,000 for loss of its rights library, plus $29,250,000 in punitive damages. The jury awarded $3 million to Nesmith personally, including $2 million in punitive damages for a total award to Nesmith and Pacific Arts of $48,875,000. The jury resolved the outstanding license fee issues by ordering Pacific Arts and Nesmith to pay approximately $1.2 million to American Documentaries for \"The Civil War\", about $230,000 to WGBH, and $150,000 to WNET. Following the ruling, Nesmith expressed his personal disappointment with PBS and was quoted by BBC News as stating \"It's like finding your grandmother stealing your stereo. You're happy to get your stereo back, but it's sad to find out your grandmother is a thief.\" The decision never went to an appeals court and the final amount paid to Pacific Arts and Nesmith was an undisclosed sum agreed to in an out-of-court settlement. PBS provides an alternate path for WEA alerts to wireless carriers. The alerts are transmitted through the PBS satellite network on the AMC-21 satellite to PBS stations who broadcast the messages over their transmitters for reception by wireless carriers at their cell sites.<ref name=\"WARN/PBS\"></ref><ref name=\"PBS//UTUBE\"></ref> The network is funded by a grant through National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA). PBS The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor. It is a non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of educational television programming to"
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"Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements (DFAA) is a program of the Government of Canada that provides financial assistance to provincial and territorial governments following large-scale natural disasters. Provinces can apply to the program for assistance when eligible costs exceed one dollar per capita, at which point the federal government will share 50% of the cost. If the costs exceed $3 per capita this rises to 75%, and when costs reach $5 per capita, the federal government is required to pay 90 per cent of the costs. Since its inception in 1970, a 2011–12 report stated that the program had paid out $2 billion in post-disaster assistance. Following the 2013 Alberta floods, $2 billion was earmarked for the province and the government sought a $689-million increase in funding for the program from parliament. The program has come under criticism for favouring some provinces over others, and for not including public health emergencies in its remit. Events that have received funding include 1996 Saguenay Flood, 1997 Red River Flood, 2010 Hurricane Igor in Newfoundland and the 2011 Assiniboine River Flood. Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements Disaster Financial Assistance Arrangements (DFAA) is a program of the Government of Canada that provides"
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"Nadira Ilana Nadira Ilana is a Malaysian writer, filmmaker, and activist from Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. She is an advocate for better and more inclusive cultural representation of Borneo-Malaysians in the national narrative. Nadira is an alumnus of the Berlinale Talent Campus, BIFAN NAFF Fantastic Film School, Singapore International Film Festival's SEA Film Lab and the Luang Prabang International Film Fest's Talent Lab. She holds a BFA in Film & TV from the Queensland University of Technology, Australia. Her documentary, 'The Silent Riot' was the first East Malaysian film to receive the Justin Louis Grant from Freedom Film Festival. The political historical documentary on the 1986 Sabah riots, took the Best Human Rights Award at Freedom Film Fest 2013. Her short film, 'Lastik' produced in 2013, was a playful allegory for North Borneo's independence and was the Sabah entry for Astro and Red Communications' 'My Hometown Series'. The film depicted Sabah's founding fathers, the late Tun Fuad Stephens and Tun Mustapha bin Dato Harun as children who are embroiled in a turf war with two other British children who have also taken their tin cans and rubber bands. In 2016, Nadira was part of a Big Stories, Small Towns project. She conducted a film residency in Kampung Bongkud and sister-village Kampung Namaus for a whole year. Her collaboration with locals resulted in 14 short documentaries and 3 photo series that premiered in the village itself in Ranau, Sabah as a Dusun cultural festival. She is also an active organizer of film communities such as Working Title Film Drinks (2013-2016), a monthly gathering of professional filmmakers and enthusiast in Kuala Lumpur, which is now an active online group dedicated to Malaysia's independent film scene. She is also founder of the short lived, CINEBAH, Kota Kinabalu's first film club, which is currently suspended until further notice. The Sabahan filmmaker was a judge for Projek Dialog's Pesta Filem Kita as well as the Malaysian short film competition, BMW Shorties in 2016 and 2017. Nadira Ilana Nadira Ilana is a Malaysian writer, filmmaker, and activist from Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. She is an advocate for better and more inclusive cultural representation of Borneo-Malaysians in the national narrative. Nadira is an alumnus of the Berlinale Talent Campus, BIFAN NAFF Fantastic Film School, Singapore International Film Festival's SEA Film Lab and the Luang Prabang International Film Fest's Talent Lab. She holds a BFA in Film & TV from"
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"Gousselerbierg Tunnel The Gousselerbierg Tunnel is a pair of parallel road tunnels in the canton of Mersch, in central Luxembourg. The tunnels are named for the hill through which they pass, near the town of Gosseldange, in the commune of Lintgen. At 2,695 metres (8,842 ft), the Gousselerbierg Tunnel is the second-longest tunnel in the country, after the Grouft Tunnel, at 2,950 metres (9,678 ft). The tunnel carries the A7 motorway, and is the first of three major tunnels on the route of the road, together with the Grouft Tunnel and the Stafelter Tunnel (1,850 m). Each of the twin tunnels contains two lanes of traffic in one direction. At its maximum, the tunnel lies 115 metres (377 ft) below the surface of the hill. The tunnel was constructed using the New Austrian Tunnelling method, relying on the stress of the surrounding rock to stabilise the tunnel. Preparatory work on the tunnel began on 17 April 2000, and drilling work began on 21 November of the same year. The breakthrough ceremony was held on 12 December 2002, with Grand Duke Henri detonating the explosive charge that connected the two ends of the tunnels. Altogether, the tunnel cost €100m to construct, and 420,000 m³ (14.8m cu ft) of earth were excavated, 65% of which was removed by explosives. Gousselerbierg Tunnel The Gousselerbierg Tunnel is a pair of parallel road tunnels in the canton of Mersch, in central Luxembourg. The tunnels are named for the hill through which they pass, near the town of Gosseldange, in the commune of Lintgen. At 2,695 metres (8,842 ft), the Gousselerbierg Tunnel is the second-longest tunnel in the country, after the Grouft Tunnel, at 2,950 metres (9,678 ft). The tunnel carries the A7 motorway, and is the first of three major tunnels on the route of"
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"Sir Thomas Western, 3rd Baronet Sir Thomas C. C. Western, 3rd Baronet (1850 - 1 February 1917) was an English baronet. He was born in 1850, the only son of Sir Thomas Sutton Western, 2nd Baronet, and educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. After serving in the 2nd Life Guards, he became a Justice of the Peace and later Deputy Lieutenant for Essex. He succeeded his father to the baronetcy in 1877.In 1883.he married Elizabeth Ellen Newton, daughter o f Isaac Newton (wine merchant), when she was about 23 years old, He is reputed to have squandered his inheritance and the crash came first in 1893. A poster advertising the auction of property was \"BY ORDER OF THE HIGH SHERIFF OF ESSEX \" It took place on 4 July, at the \"Angel\" Inn, Kelvedon. Listed, were several items: Sir Thomas Western, 3rd Baronet Sir Thomas C. C. Western, 3rd Baronet (1850 - 1 February 1917) was an English baronet. He was born in 1850, the only son of Sir Thomas Sutton Western, 2nd Baronet, and educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. After serving in the 2nd Life Guards, he became a Justice of the Peace and later Deputy"
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"Wafaa El-Sadr Wafaa El-Sadr is director of the International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs (ICAP) and director of the Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiologic Research CIDER at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. El-Sadr also is a University Professor at Columbia University. From 1988 to 2008, El-Sadr led the Division of Infectious Diseases at Harlem Hospital Center, where she helped develop HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) program. She has led a number of research studies and grant-funded programs through funding from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Agency for International Development, Health Resources and Services Administration, New York State and New York City Departments of Health as well as private foundations. Working with former dean of the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health Allan Rosenfield, El-Sadr helped establish the MTCT-Plus initiative, a global program that aims to provide women and their families with HIV-related services. ICAP covers 13 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. She has recently focused her efforts on highlighting the continued impact of HIV in the United States, establishing the Domestic Prevention Working Group within the NIH-funded HIV Prevention Trials Network. In 2008, El-Sadr was named a John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellow. In 2009, \"Rolling Stone\" magazine named El-Sadr in its list of \"100 People Who Are Changing America.\" In the same year, she was also named as one of Scientific American 10: Guiding Science for Humanity. She is also a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. In November 2009, The \"Utne Reader\" named El-Sadr one of the \"50 Visionaries Who Are Changing Your World.\" El-Sadr is a member of the science planning committees for the International AIDS Society conference in Vienna (2010) and the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI, 2010). She is currently a member of the Technical Advisory Group on Tuberculosis for the World Health Organization and a board member for the Population Council. She has served as a member of the Antiviral Advisory Committee for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and the Advisory Council for the Elimination of TB at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. She also has served on the amfAR board. She is a fellow of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and previously chaired its tuberculosis committee. El-Sadr holds a medical degree from Cairo University, Egypt, a master's of public health degree in epidemiology from the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, and a master's in public administration degree from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. She is Board certified in internal medicine and infectious diseases. Wafaa El-Sadr Wafaa El-Sadr is director of the International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs (ICAP) and director of the Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiologic Research CIDER at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. El-Sadr also is a University Professor at Columbia University. From 1988 to 2008, El-Sadr led the Division of Infectious Diseases at Harlem Hospital Center,"
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"Divas in Distress Divas in Distress is a 2012 Hong Kong television drama produced by TVB. Written by Chan Kam-ling and produced by Poon Ka-tak, \"Divas in Distress\" is a sister production of the time traveling comedy, \"A Chip Off the Old Block\". In the past (approximately the 50s-60s) Fung Hun Man (Chung King-fai) was a famous writer, producer, and actor in the early days of Hong Kong cinema. During his youth, he adopted two girls and had them become sisters-in-training: Sheung Ying Hung (Liza Wang) and Miu Sing Ho (Gigi Wong). Both girls were groomed into the path of becoming actresses and the two maintained a lifetime rivalry over each other's successes both on and off the stage. At the height of their careers, Miu Sing Ho suffered a severe auto accident that affected her ability to walk. Due to her disability, she was unable to continue acting and was forced to retire; she was looked over and Sheung Ying Hung took her place, rose to the top of stardom, and became very successful. Distraught, angry, and unable to accept her fate, Miu Sing Ho transferred much of her frustrations over her \"sister\", Sheung Ying Hung, and blamed her for taking away her success and fame. In between this time and unknown to the girls, their master, Fung Hun Man, developed a secret romantic relationship with a budding actress, Ching Yeuk Chan (Mimi Choo). While they kept their relationship a secret, Ching Yeuk Chan steadily grew tired of their secret relationship. One day, Ching Yeuk Chan discovered she was pregnant, but after overhearing the conservative and non-supportive chatter of her lover amongst other men, she realized he couldn't be relied on and decided to run off with a rich man. Before running off, she gave birth to a son, So Kei (Koo Ming Wah), and gave away the boy to Sheung Ying Hung's lifetime personal assistant, Deneuve So Lo Wah (So Yan Chi), and So Kei would end up growing up under Sheung Ying Hung's family for the latter of their lives and Vincent's best friend. Time had passed, but their rivalry continued even after getting married and having children. Sheung Ying Hung had two kids, Chak Ding Yum (older sister) and Vincent Chak Yau Sing (Him Law); her husband is not known. Sheung Ying Hung's husband went missing on a trip and was presumed dead after being missing for many years; she raised her kids along with So Kei (who grew up to be very metro-sexual, straight, but thought to be gay by many) for most of their lives. Miu Sing Ho eventually married a house renovator, Chong Kan Sau (Henry Lee) and had a son, Chong Ka Long, aka \"Yi Long San\", (Chin Kar-lok). Their worlds would collide again when Chak Ding Yum and Yi Long San (both reporters) would become romantically involved. Sheung Ying Hung didn't respect Yi Long San: she saw him as a poor match for her daughter, but the couple refused to listen and decided to marry with or without Sheung Ying Hung's permission. Out of pride, Sheung Ying Hung refused to attend the couple's marriage and ignored the couple until Ding Yum died. Ding Yum had a heart condition that she kept from everyone. She wanted to grant Yi Long San's wish of having a child together, which cost her life. Sheung Ying Hung would blame Yi Long San for Dim Yum's death for many years to come, but the one redeeming thing they could salvage out of this tragedy was the child, Michel Chong Man Sai (Tong Chi Fai). The story actually begins with both sides of the family actively competing for custody over Michel. On top of their long term rivalry, Sheung Ying Hung and Miu Sing Ho actively fight for the attention and future of their mutual grandson. Yi Long San is often trapped in the middle: he is often subjected to great difficulties in maintaining peace between both his mother and mother-in-law as well as maintaining a relationship with his son without the intervention of the overbearing Sheung Ying Hung. In between the bickering and the health scares with Michel (often causing Sheung Ying Hung to tighten her control over Michel), two situations began to develop: the budding romances between Hannah (Eliza Sam) and Yi Long San and between Kwai Yi Hei and Vincent. Vincent is a well-established designer and CEO of his own company because of the backing of his mother. When he assigns Kwai Yi Hei (Yi Long San's cousin, played by Mandy Wong) to renovate one of his open office areas, he is disgusted by her smell and tomboyish looks, but things that later change when he falls in love with her abilities. Kwai Yi Hei is also a talented spray paint artist and Vincent unknowingly falls in love with the Banksy-style HK art that she did while he searches for meaningful art. Only after learning the truth that Kwai Yi Hei is the actual artist does he begin to develop strong feelings for her and begin using strong-arm tactics to extend the length of the renovation project in order to spend more time with her. After a series of fights with Vincent, So Kei quietly explains to Kwai Yi Hei that Vincent cares about her and that he has risked his health (as he is a sensitive asthmatic) and career for the sake of her. Eventually, the two finally recognize each other's feelings and begin secretly seeing each other, but not without the ire of Vincent's mother. Sheung Ying Hung self-righteously believes that Kwai Yi Hei is a lower-class person who is not worthy of Vincent; she also believes Hannah isn't worthy of Yi Long San as a replacement for Ding Sum. Because of Sheung Ying Hung's disapproval of both relationships, this creates a rift in the pair's own relationship. Yi Long San maintains a platonic relationship, but there are obvious signs he cares for Hannah and Kwai Yi Hei constantly shows hesitation in moving their relationship forward. Meanwhile, Yi Long San (a news reporter and cameraman) had a rough encounter with Hannah (daughter of Ching Yeuk Chan and So Kei's younger half-sister). Although Hannah is heir to a vast fortune, she wishes to be a reporter and starts an investigation about Sheung Ying Hung and Miu Sing Ho, wanting to uncover the dark secrets of the duo in their glory days and also digs up gossip to attract ratings. However, her quest nearly accidentally costs the life of Michel and Hannah eventually drops the investigation. However, she ends up working together with Yi Long San as a reporter-cameraman duo and starts to get closer. As the two get closer, Sheung Ying Hung took notice of Yi Long San's potential love interest and even though she always claimed he was never worthy of her daughter, she made him swear that he would be eternally loyal to her dead daughter. However, even though he maintains a platonic and professional relationship with Hannah, Yi Long San's actions prove he cares for Hannah more than just a friend. Ultimately, this causes pain and suffering for everyone and Sheung Ying Hung eventually learned by eavesdropping that she is not liked for her past decisions, including the fact that her daughter might have lived if she was not so elitist and so controlling over her decisions. Feeling hurt and insulted, she makes an excuse to go off on a trip, but secretly stays at a Buddhist monastery to sort things out; in combination of learning the wisdom from the Buddhist monks and finally attaining self-awareness of the negative consequences of her actions, she suffers from great stress both mentally and physically and becomes physically and mentally ill. By chance, Kwai Yi Hei is also at the monastery, doing probation work after a mishap with the law. Seeing how Vincent's mother was suffering, she contacts Vincent in the hope that he will take Sheung Ying Hung home. However, Vincent's mother is being stubborn over the matter and he lets her off to her own devices until she ended up in the hospital and eventually returned home. While this is happening, Vincent takes the chance to try to win Kwai Yi Hei's heart, but she remains distant. After getting in trouble with the probationary officer for submitting an improper journal entry, Vincent",
"the Buddhist monks and finally attaining self-awareness of the negative consequences of her actions, she suffers from great stress both mentally and physically and becomes physically and mentally ill. By chance, Kwai Yi Hei is also at the monastery, doing probation work after a mishap with the law. Seeing how Vincent's mother was suffering, she contacts Vincent in the hope that he will take Sheung Ying Hung home. However, Vincent's mother is being stubborn over the matter and he lets her off to her own devices until she ended up in the hospital and eventually returned home. While this is happening, Vincent takes the chance to try to win Kwai Yi Hei's heart, but she remains distant. After getting in trouble with the probationary officer for submitting an improper journal entry, Vincent discovered Kwai Yi Hei has a disability affecting her literacy; she relies on her personal “picture code” system to convey her thoughts on paper. To understand more, Vincent looks for Kwai Yi Hei's uncle for answers and learns that Kwai Yi Hei used to be very rebellious and dated a troublesome boyfriend. When he committed a crime, he convinced Kwai Yi Hei to take the fall and promised to marry her after she's released; she believed in her boyfriend and heartedly agreed to take the fall. Sadly, she ultimately found out she was tricked as her boyfriend broke up with her and found someone else while she was in jail. The sobering experience straightened her out as a person, but due to a combination of her low self-esteem and poor literacy skills, she developed a fear of commitment as she feels that she will eventually be abandoned due to her problems. However, Vincent vows to prove his loyalty and devotion to her and eventually wins her heart again. After helping her win a trip to Japan in a lottery, he strong-arms his way to make sure he and Kwai Yi Hei will be on the same trip. On this trip Vincent proposes to her; she at first refuses, but Vincent eventually wins her acceptance. Meanwhile, Ching Yeuk Chan has returned to Hong Kong to visit Hannah. However, her sudden return makes Deneuve nervous. Deneuve thinks Ching Yeuk Chan had come back for So Kei, but Ching Yeuk Chan makes it clear she returned to visit her daughter, not her long lost son. However, So Kei and Ching Yeuk Chan have already encountered each without knowledge of their actual relationship and grow close. So Kei eventually learns of his true parentage and the two develop a friendly relationship. However, Ching Yeuk Chan still holds a grudge against Fung Hun Man and kept both him and her son out of the loop of each other's identities. Fung Hun Man discovers Ching Yeuk Chan's return. Both miss each other, but due to past misunderstandings relating to their separation, there is both love and anger on both sides. It is only later when they heatedly argue about each other's past actions that it is revealed she had their child. Eventually, Fung Hun Man figures out it was So Kei and the three temporarily accept each other, until So Kei develops a relationship with Yi Long San's boss, a ruthless tomboy chief editor. This forms a rift as Fung Hun Man feels that it is shameful for his son to love a “man”, but So Kei eventually learns to understand his father and they maintain a mutually respectful relationship since. Through this, Hannah learns about So Kei and their relationship. While she was quick to accept So Kei, she has difficulty accepting her mother was a gold digger who married for financial security. Although Ching Yeuk Chan admits she married for money first, she explained she learned to love her husband. Although she becomes cold towards her mother, Hannah eventually learns to forgive her. However, Hannah's greatest challenge is with Yi Long San. Yi Long San maintained a weak platonic relationship with Hannah. After Hannah gets into a car accident, Yi Long San admits at his wife's grave that he has been unfaithful as he has feelings for Hannah. After Hannah recovers, she pretends to have lost her memories and even develops an aggressive personality to make it easier for Yi Long San to realize it's better to move away. However, Yi Long San realizes that they care for each other, but Hannah points out he's unwilling to move on due to his dead wife. The final straw for Hannah is when Yi Long San removes her audio cord during a live report. She felt Yi Long San is not supportive and constantly puts her aside when necessary. Tired of this repetitive cycle, she decides to quit the job and transfer elsewhere as the situation saddens her too much. In the end of the story, everything ends at a happy climax. Vincent was hiding the fact that Kwai Yi Hei's job (use of paints, chemicals, and plasters that ends up on her clothes) has made his health worse and she only found out later through So Kei. After hearing from So Kei that because of her work had caused Vincent health to decline, Hei decided to retire from carpentry and be a housewife for the sake of their love, but Vincent tried to leave their engagement because he doesn't want Hei to be sad in the future by insulting her and making her wearing a dress and shoes to the award ceremony. So Kei then arrived to Hei's uncle shop and tells Hei that vincent has gone to the airport, which makes Hei understand that Vincent done all these stuff to make her happy, so she doesn't have to give up her job as a construction worker. Then, Yi Long San took Hei to stop Vincent from going to the airport. Hei then ask Vincent why he always make his own decision and why she can't do something for him. Vincent tells Hei that saying she is stupid is right because she doesn't understand what make him love Hei so much. Vincent loves Hei the way she is because her hand is rough, her clothing are so dirty, and she is always wearing that dirty hat and how she is so stubborn. Vincent tells Hei that if she doesn't have these qualities she would just me a regular housewife and whats the point of marrying her. Hei then explains to Vincent that she has no choice because of his health even through normal contact he already this sick if she still work as a construction worker she is scared that he will be very sick one day. Also she tells Vincent that he is breaking his promise because he promised her that he will take her to the tower in Japan and will help her write her name. Vincent then tells Hei that of he not her life it's not too much of a problem because when he ask her to marry her she said she has to wait after Doomsday and that he is the one that make Hei to be with him. So, Vincent suggests that they should just break up. As Vincent walks to his car Hei goes to the front and hugs him and put his arm on her waist. Vincent lets go every time and the third time that Hei puts his hands on her waist and he holds on tight because he knows that both Hei and him don't want to lose each other because they still love each other. Both of them are happy, and Vincent kisses Hei on the forehead and they hugged each other again. Hannah's absence has made Yi Long San realized how much he misses her and after she randomly returned for a news report, covering the 2012 Apocalypse, Yi Long San made it clear he wants to be with her and the two became a cameraman-reporter couple. So Kei and Yi Long San's boss remains together, happily dancing and enjoying their reverse-gender role relationship. Vincent and Hei are finally engaged and Vincent took her to see pretty skyscrapers that lights up in Hong Kong in the nighttime. Fung Hun Man and Ching Yeuk Chan reunited as a couple after all these years and his lifelong rivaling students found mutual peace with Michel. Sheung Ying Hung realized the error of her ways and no longer opposed Vincent's relationship with Kwai Yi Hei as she feared she might lose her only son like how she lost her daughter; everyone found peace and balance with each other. Development for \"Divas in Distress\" began in January 2010. Intentionally planned to be a sequel of TVB's",
"he wants to be with her and the two became a cameraman-reporter couple. So Kei and Yi Long San's boss remains together, happily dancing and enjoying their reverse-gender role relationship. Vincent and Hei are finally engaged and Vincent took her to see pretty skyscrapers that lights up in Hong Kong in the nighttime. Fung Hun Man and Ching Yeuk Chan reunited as a couple after all these years and his lifelong rivaling students found mutual peace with Michel. Sheung Ying Hung realized the error of her ways and no longer opposed Vincent's relationship with Kwai Yi Hei as she feared she might lose her only son like how she lost her daughter; everyone found peace and balance with each other. Development for \"Divas in Distress\" began in January 2010. Intentionally planned to be a sequel of TVB's popular time traveling comedy, \"A Chip Off the Old Block\", Poon Ka-tak decided to reboot the entire series after scheduling conflicts did not work out with the original cast. After casting Liza Wang in January 2012, Gigi Wong, Chin Kar-lok, Chung King-fai, Mandy Wong and Him Law followed in February 2012. Liza Wang and Gigi Wong's last collaboration was in 1976's \"The Legend of the Book and the Sword\". Principal photography began in late March. On 23 March 2012, the cast attended a costume fitting press conference. A blessing ceremony was held on 8 May. Filming completely in mid-June 2012. The following is a table that includes a list of the total ratings points based on television viewership. Divas in Distress Divas in Distress is a 2012 Hong Kong television drama produced by TVB. Written by Chan Kam-ling and produced by Poon Ka-tak, \"Divas in Distress\" is a sister production of the time traveling comedy, \"A Chip Off the Old Block\". In the past (approximately the 50s-60s) Fung Hun Man (Chung King-fai) was a famous writer, producer, and actor in the early days of Hong Kong cinema. During his youth, he adopted two girls and had them become sisters-in-training: Sheung Ying"
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"Divine providence In theology, divine providence, or just providence, is God's intervention in the Universe. The term \"Divine Providence\" (usually capitalized) is also used as a title of God. A distinction is usually made between \"general providence\", which refers to God's continuous upholding of the existence and natural order of the Universe, and \"special providence\", which refers to God's extraordinary intervention in the life of people. Miracles generally fall in the latter category. The word comes from Latin \"providentia\" \"foresight, prudence\", from \"pro-\" \"ahead\" and \"videre\" \"to see\". The current use of the word has the sense of \"knowledge of the future\" or omniscience, understood as an attribute of God. Augustine of Hippo is perhaps most famously associated with the doctrine of divine providence in the Latin West. Augustine held that since God's governance takes place in the universe comprising a vast multitude of relatively independent individuals differing in nature, function, and end, this implies the continuous control and unifying governance of a single supreme Being. However, Christian teaching on providence in the High Middle Ages was most fully developed by Thomas Aquinas in the \"Summa Theologica\". The concept of providence as care exercised by God over the universe, his foresight and care for its future is extensively developed and explained both by Aquinas himself and modern Thomists. One of the foremost modern Thomists, Dominican father Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange, wrote a study of providence entitled \"Providence: God's loving care for man and the need for confidence in Almighty God.\" In it, he presents and solves, according to Catholic doctrine, the most difficult issues as related to providence. This term is an integral part of John Calvin's theological framework known as Calvinism, which emphasizes the total depravity of man and the complete sovereignty of God. God's plan for the world and every soul that he has created is guided by his will, or providence. According to Calvin, the idea that man has free will and is able to make choices independently of what God has already determined is based on our limited understanding of God's perfection and the idea that God's purposes can be circumvented. In this mode of thought, providence is related to absolute free will. This concept remains prominent among many Protestant denominations that identify with Calvinism, the Reformed churches. In Lutheran theology, divine providence refers to God's preservation of creation, his cooperation with everything that happens, and his guiding of the universe. While God cooperates with both good and evil deeds, with the evil deeds he does so only inasmuch as they are deeds, not with the evil in them. God concurs with an act's effect, but he does not cooperate in the corruption of an act or the evil of its effect. Lutherans believe everything exists for the sake of the Christian Church, and that God guides everything for its welfare and growth. According to Martin Luther, divine providence began when God created the world with everything needed for human life, including both physical things and natural laws. In Luther's Small Catechism, the explanation of the first article of the Apostles' Creed declares that everything people have that is good is given and preserved by God, either directly or through other people or things. Of the services others provide us through family, government, and work, he writes, \"we receive these blessings not from them, but, through them, from God.\" Since God uses everyone's useful tasks for good, people should look not down upon some useful vocations as being less worthy than others. Instead people should honor others, no matter how lowly, as being the means God uses to work in the world. The doctrine of providence in Eastern Orthodoxy is set out by St John of Tobolsk: \"St. John Damascene describes it thus: 'Providence is Divine will which maintains everything and wisely rules over everything' ... It was not by chance that the iniquitous Israeli King Ahab was struck by an arrow that flew in between the seams of his armor. Truly that arrow was directed by the hand of God, just as was the one which struck Julian the Apostate; only for the soldier who let fly the arrow was it accidental. It was not by chance that swallows flew into the home of Tobit and blinded the righteous man. This happened at God’s command, in order to hold Tobit up as an example to succeeding generations, as we learn from the Angel who accompanied his son Tobias. Nothing happens by chance. It was not by chance that Caesar Augustus ordered the census to be taken in the year of Christ’s Nativity. It was not by chance that Christ met with the Samaritan woman at the well in Sychar and spoke with her. All this was foreseen and written down in the books of Divine Providence before the beginning of time.” \"Divine Providence\" is a book published by Emanuel Swedenborg in 1764 which describes his systematic theology regarding providence, free will, theodicy, and other related topics. Both meanings of providence are applicable in Swedenborg's theology, in that providence encompasses understanding, intent and action. Divine providence relative to man is 'foresight', and relative to the Lord is 'providence'. Swedenborg proposes that one law of divine providence is that man should act from freedom according to reason, and that man is regenerated according to the faculties of rationality and liberty. Divine providence ( \"Hashgochoh Protis\" / \"Hashgachah Pratit\" lit. [Divine] supervision of the individual) is discussed throughout Rabbinic literature, and in particular by the classical Jewish philosophers. These writings maintain that divine providence means that God is directing (or even recreating) every minute detail of creation. This analysis thus underpins much of Orthodox Judaism's world view, particularly as regards questions of interaction with the natural world. There is little theological literature on the terms provenance or providence in LDS studies. As stated above, Reformed theology relates these terms to predestination, which does have more prominence in LDS theology, if only as a polemical term. One particular text that could be interpreted as being related to such terms is in the Book of Abraham. As Abraham is shown the heavens, he is also shown the pre-mortal spirits of mankind. And God saw these souls that they were good, and he stood in the midst of them, and he said: These I will make my rulers; for he stood among those that were spirits, and he saw that they were good; and he said unto me: Abraham, thou art one of them; thou wast chosen before thou wast born.The \"making of rulers\" above is explained as foreordination (in the chapter summary) as opposed to \"predestination\". This differentiation balances free will (or free agency in LDS theology) against Divine intervenion. Noted LDS scholar Richard Draper has described the church's position thusly, \"The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints rejects the belief in predestination-that God predetermines the salvation or the damnation of every individual ... The LDS position is based in part on the teachings of Paul that God \"will render to every man according to his deeds\" and that \"there is no respect of persons with God\" (Rom. 2:6, 11). These two principles provide a basis for understanding Paul's use of the term \"predestination.\" The term apparently connoted \"to be ordained beforehand for godly labor.\" In the sense that one's potential or calling has been recognized and declared, this interpretation conforms with the Greek term Paul used, \"proorizo\", and does not denote an irreversible or irresistible predetermination.\" However, this does not imply a passive God. In fact, LDS theology favours a more active, interventionist God. In its more recent General Conferences of the church, Elder Ronald A. Rasband of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, clearly articulates this, \"Our lives are like a",
"of Paul that God \"will render to every man according to his deeds\" and that \"there is no respect of persons with God\" (Rom. 2:6, 11). These two principles provide a basis for understanding Paul's use of the term \"predestination.\" The term apparently connoted \"to be ordained beforehand for godly labor.\" In the sense that one's potential or calling has been recognized and declared, this interpretation conforms with the Greek term Paul used, \"proorizo\", and does not denote an irreversible or irresistible predetermination.\" However, this does not imply a passive God. In fact, LDS theology favours a more active, interventionist God. In its more recent General Conferences of the church, Elder Ronald A. Rasband of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, clearly articulates this, \"Our lives are like a chessboard, and the Lord moves us from one place to another\" Rasband continues by citing a well-known text from in the Book of Mormon, in which Nephi finds his nemesis unconscious from inebriation in front of him, he concludes, \"Was he fortunate to just happen upon Laban? Or was it by “divine design”? Although the text itself limits the interaction of the Divine to the \"Spirit\" to commanding Nephi to \"Slay him.\" It is important to note, though, that God also limits his involvement. Rasband interprets one particular passage from the Book of Mormon as saying that God (through his Spirit) will only intervene based on righteousness. Rasband concludes that, \"When we are righteous, willing, and able, when we are striving to be worthy and qualified, we progress to places we never imagined and become part of Heavenly Father’s “divine design.” Those who believe in the inerrancy of the original biblical manuscripts often accompany this belief with a statement about how the biblical text has been preserved so that what we have today is at least substantially similar to what was written. That is, just as God \"divinely inspired the text,\" so he has also \"divinely preserved it throughout the centuries.\" The Westminster Confession of Faith states that the Scriptures, \"being immediately inspired by God, and by his singular care and providence kept pure in all ages, are therefore authentical.\" This is an important argument in the King James Only debates. Edward F. Hills argues that the principle of providentially preserved transmission guarantees that the printed Textus Receptus must be the closest text to the Greek autographs. Divine providence In theology, divine providence, or just providence, is God's intervention in the Universe. The term \"Divine Providence\" (usually capitalized) is also used as a title of God. A distinction is usually made between \"general providence\", which refers to God's"
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"The Hot Puppies The Hot Puppies are a Welsh band from Aberystwyth, now based in Cardiff, previously signed to Fierce Panda Records. The band formed in December 2000. It has toured both as a headline act, and as a support act to various bands including Art Brut, The Crimea, The Pipettes and British Sea Power. Luke Taylor is the band's principal songwriter and is also a member of Hemme Fatale The band decided on a short break from spring 2008. Becky Wood, Beth Gibson and fellow singer Sophie have now formed a trio called 'Barefoot Dance of the Sea'. They have released nine singles, one demo, one EP and three albums. Their first album, \"Under The Crooked Moon\" was released in July 2006. Their second, a collection of rarities and unreleased tracks recorded between 2003 and 2005 entitled \"Over My Dead Body\", was released in mid-2007. On 29 September 2008, The Hot Puppies released \"Blue Hands\". It includes the singles \"King of England\"', \"Somewhere\", and \"Clarinet Town\". Due to Wood's pregnancy, the band did not extensively tour this album; however the majority of the songs were played during their 2007 tour dates. \"Love or Trial\" from \"Under the Crooked Moon\" was used during the series one climax wedding scene in the UK BBC3 comedy series \"Gavin & Stacey\". The Hot Puppies The Hot Puppies are a Welsh band from Aberystwyth, now based in Cardiff, previously signed to Fierce Panda Records. The band formed in December 2000. It has toured both as a headline act, and as a support act to various bands including Art Brut, The Crimea, The Pipettes and British Sea Power. Luke Taylor is the band's principal songwriter and is also a member of Hemme Fatale The band decided on a short break from spring 2008. Becky Wood,"
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"High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument The High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument is a Gettysburg Battlefield memorial which identifies the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia units of the infantry attack on the Battle of Gettysburg, third day, with a large bronze tablet, as well as the Union Army of the Potomac's \"\"respective troops who met or assisted to repulse Longstreet's Assault.\"\" The memorial is named for the line of dead and wounded of Pickett's Charge which marked the deepest penetration into the Union line at The Angle when \"4,500 men threw down their arms and came in as prisoners\". The line is now generally marked with unit monuments which are also historic district contributing structures. The High Water Mark monument is accessible via Hancock Avenue which has parking spaces alongside, and a path leads to the site from a parking lot at the former Cyclorama Building at Gettysburg. The monument's designer identified the turning point of Pickett's Charge, as \"\"unquestionably the \"high water mark of this battle, and of the war\"!\" \" After Bachelder's monument proposal was denied by the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association 2 years in a row, it was approved in the 3rd year. Erected by April 27, 1892, the monument was recast to add 2 missing units and then dedicated with a speech by former Governor Beaver advocating the battlefield become a National Park. The Marine Corps Band provided music, short addresses were by \"Gens. Schofield, Slocum, Webb, Veazey, and\" others, and Samuel M. Swope presented the monument to John M. Vanderslice of the GBMA. An 1895 tablet (MN389) was added to the memorial to identify the GBMA directors, and the memorial was the site of an 1897 lecture by James T. Long to 7,097 excursionists at The Angle. High Water Mark of the"
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"Jobi manucode The Jobi manucode (\"Manucodia jobiensis\") is a species of crow-like bird-of-paradise. The Jobi manucode is distributed in lowland forests of Jobi Island and northern New Guinea. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. Like other manucodes, it is monogamous. One of the most common birds-of-paradise in its range, the Jobi manucode is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of CITES. The Jobi manucode is medium-sized, up to 34 cm long, greenish blue, black and purple-glossed with red iris, lightly crinkled bluish short upper breast and neck feathers. Both sexes are similar in appearance, however the female is slightly smaller and duller. This species resembles the crinkle-collared manucode in appearance, distinguished by its neck feathers and by having a shorter tail than the latter species. Jobi manucode The Jobi manucode (\"Manucodia jobiensis\") is a species of crow-like bird-of-paradise. The Jobi manucode is distributed in lowland forests of Jobi Island and northern New Guinea. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. Like other manucodes, it is monogamous. One of the most common birds-of-paradise in its range, the Jobi manucode is evaluated as Least Concern on the"
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"G. Anand Gedela Ananda Rao, popularly abbreviated as G. Anand or called as Swaramadhuri, is a Telugu singer. His troupe 'Swara Madhuri' performed all over the world. He has given performances more than 6500. Anand was born in Tulagam village in Srikakulam district. His father was a stage drama artist. He learnt music from his father. His father used him to play in Mythological dramas. When his father played the role of Rama, he and his brother acted as Lava and Kusa. When he started his singing career, he has sung the songs in many festivals and functions in his neighborhood villages. Anand participated in many competitions and won many prizes. In one such competition, the judges were famous music director Sri.K.V.Mahadevan and singer S.P.Balasubrahmanyam. They observed his extraordinary performance and declared him as the winner. After the show was over Sri.K.V.Mahadevan guru promised to give him a chance in cinema. He was given an opportunity to sing chorus in pandanti kaapuram (Telugu: పండంటి కాపురం) in 1972. After his first performance, he stayed at Madras in the house of Late Leelaraani. After some time he moved to live with Medisetty Apparao and Sarathbabu. After listening to his song at the function of Actor Chandramohan, Sri Navatha Krishnamraju gaaru introduced him to Venkatesh garu. After listening to his song, Venkatesh garu promised to get him an offer to sing. They sent him to get lyrics from Devulapalli Krishna Sastry garu. After a week Devulapalli garu liked his voice and wrote a recommendation letter to K.V.Mahadevan. He finally got a chance to sing a song \"oka venuvu vinipinchenu\" in the movie \"America Ammayi\". G. Anand Gedela Ananda Rao, popularly abbreviated as G. Anand or called as Swaramadhuri, is a Telugu singer. His troupe 'Swara Madhuri' performed all over the world. He has"
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"It peaked at number 2 with 16 consecutive weeks on the UK Top 75 singles charts, at number 2 in the Netherlands and at number 4 in Ireland and Australia. It was the best-selling Dance song of 1993. \n In 1996, the track was remixed and again entered the UK charts peaking for 1 week at number 52. It was remixed again in 2004, this time peaking at number 31 in 2005. An uptempo Eurodance remix was also made by DJ Dougal and Mickey Skeedale for Dancemania Speed in 1998. \n \"The Key The Secret\" was very successful globally. It was originally a track written at home by Rohan Heath in a soul and hip hop vein. It was released on the tiny Unheard Records label. After a subsequent re-mix provoked a massive club response it was picked up by the Pulse 8 record label and released in July 1993. \n \"It pretty much came off the top of my head. I've always had a real interest in songwriting and it just happened to be at the better end of a million ideas I had. I tend to put one hand on my keyboard, play a chord and see what comes out of my mouth. ' The Key The Secret' was actually about taking magic mushrooms, which a lot of people never really realised at the time.\" \n \"The Key The Secret\" is a song originally released in 1993 by British band Urban Cookie Collective with vocals by British singer Diane Charlemagne. The song is widely regarded as one of the biggest dance anthems of the' 90s and has been remixed several times. \n * \"The Key, The Secret\" \n * \"The Key, The Secret\" (Glamourously Developed Mix) \n * \"The Key, The Secret 2004\" (Northstarz Club Mix) \n\n\n The music video of \"The Key The Secret\" was directed by Lindy Heymann. \n \"The Key, The Secret\" was more recently covered by Phobos & Deimos. In 2000, the German pop singer Jasmin Wagner heavily samples the chorus and the beat of the song in the German version as \"Er ist so süß\", which was released on her fourth studio album Die Welt gehört Dir. \n A remix of the song was also included in episode 2 of the second series of Channel 4's drama series Queer as Folk in 2000. \n When asked in an interview about how \"The Key The Secret\" came up, songwriter Rohan Heath said:\n Chart (1993) | Peak position \n---|--- \nAustralia (ARIA Charts) | \nAustria (Austrian Singles Chart) | 7 \nBelgium (Belgian Singles Chart ( Vl) ) | 5 \nGermany (German Singles Chart) | 5 \nIreland (Irish Singles Chart) | \nNetherlands (Dutch Singles Chart) | \nNew Zealand (New Zealandian Singles Chart) | 31 \nSweden (Swedish Singles Chart) | 23 \nSwiss (Swiss Singles Chart) | 7 \nUK (UK Singles Chart) | \nUS (Hot Dance Club Play) | 26 \n \"The Key The Secret\" \n--- \nSingle by Urban Cookie Collective \nfrom the album High On A Happy Vibe \nB-side | \"Remix\" \nReleased | \nFormat | 7\" Single 12\" Single CD Single CD Maxi \nLength | 3:40 \nLabel | Pulse 8 \nSongwriter (s) | Rohan Heath \nProducer (s) | Chapter \nUrban Cookie Collective singles chronology \n| | \"The Key The Secret\" (1993) | \"Feels Like Heaven\" (1993) \n---|---|--- \n| | \"The Key the Secret\" (1993) | \"Feels Like Heaven\" (1993) \n---|---|--- \nMusic video \n\"The Key the Secret\" on YouTube \n1996 Cover \n1996 Edition Cover \n2004 Cover \n2004 Edition Cover"
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"Thingee Thingee is a puppet which was used as an unofficial ambassador and icon for New Zealand children's television during the 1990s, appearing in multiple television shows such as \"The Son of a Gunn Show\", and also children's programme, \"What Now\". He appeared on T-shirts, dolls, puzzles and advertising all over New Zealand. He is rumoured to have been voiced by \"After School\" camera operator and director Alan Henderson. Thingee was usually presented as a grey (with brown undertones) humanoid thing with large bulbous eyes, a large toothless snout and a domed head. In a similar manner to the Rainbow characters Zippy and George, he was generally shown from the shoulders up, with one arm. According to Stephen Campbell, one of the creators, both Thingee's name and species were accidental. The puppet was originally based on a duck, and the name used as a placeholder until they thought of a proper one. Thingee first appeared on After School in 1987. Viewers first saw what was believed to be perhaps the egg of a dragon, Thingee existed in egg form for several weeks on the show until he hatched. Thingee first teamed up with Jason Gunn in 1988 when Jason took over as host for After School. Jason and Thingee continued working together in 1989 on After 2. From 1992 on he co-hosted Jason Gunn vehicles Jase TV and The Son of a Gunn Show. They later starred in the straight to video film Jason and Thingee's Big Adventure. Thingee also appeared in celebrity editions of Wheel of Fortune, test cricket commentary and Face the Music in 1992. From 1996 he was a host on the Sunday morning television show What Now, where it was revealed that the character was an alien and eventually Thingee made contact with his people and made the decision to return home to his own planet. As a result, the character was retired from New Zealand Television. 2001 - Thingee helped co-host the What Now 20th birthday Party. 2007 - Thingee came back to TV on the TVNZ lifestyle show \"Good Morning\". 2008 - A further appearance on \"Good Morning\", due to the TVNZ Goodnight Kiwi returning to the airwaves. 2010 - Thingee appeared once again on \"Good Morning\" in celebration of the 50th anniversary of TVNZ. 2010 - in a dream on the show \"wanna ben\" 2012 - Wishing TVNZ U a Happy Birthday. 2015 - TV3 appearance on \"7Days\" (S07E09) alongside Jason Gunn 2017 - SKY Sport behind the scenes at the cricket. During a recording of \"Son of a Gunn\" in 1994, one of Thingee's eyeballs popped out. While this outtake was not included in the episode that was eventually broadcast, shortly afterwards the clip was screened on a TVNZ bloopers show, where it found fame and became an iconic Kiwi television moment. The eyepop scene was used in the opening credits of the satirical show Eating Media Lunch. Thingee Thingee is a puppet which was used as an unofficial ambassador and icon"
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"Everything I Am (Kanye West song) \"Everything I Am\" is a song by American rap musician Kanye West that features DJ Premier, from West's third studio album \"Graduation\" (2007). American singer Solange sampled the song in her 2010 single \"Fuck the Industry\", which Kanye himself produced. The line \"Everything I'm not made me everything I am\" from it was quoted by rapper Mwana FA in his 2009 track \"Naongea Na Wewe\", which features fellow rapper A.Y., and G-Eazy in his 2011 track \"Endless Summer\". The same line, along with the line \"Common passed on this beat, I made it to a jam\", that comes before it, was sampled but changed slightly in rapper Novel's 2014 track \"There Are No Words\". The track's chorus includes Kanye rapping the lyrics: \"Common passed on this beat, I made it to a jam\", which is a true quote because he originally planned on giving this song's beat to Common, but the offer was met with rejection and West decided to rap on the beat himself. However, this doesn't mark the only time when Common passed on a beat for \"Graduation\", since he was originally offered the backing beat of \"The Glory\", before passing it on to West too. Multiple samples from the track \"If We Can't Be Lovers\" by Prince Phillip Mitchell are used throughout the song. It also samples vocals from Public Enemy's 1987 single \"Bring the Noise\". A third sample is used in \"Everything I Am\" of 1987 single \"Jimbrowski\" by Jungle Brothers. DJ Premier's feature on the track has him merely contributing scratches on the chorus. There was controversy over the sample of \"If We Can't Be Lovers\" apparently being used without Mitchell's permission, with a lawsuit being fired against West for it in 2018, as well as one against Knowles for her track sampling \"Everything I Am\". The verses feature West acknowledging that there's things he'll never be like, with quotes such as: \"I'll never be as laid back as this beat was\" and \"Goodbye to the Indie Arie Award/\". These are shown as not being negative aspects of him and what actually make up West's true self, due to him rapping in the chorus: \"Everything I'm not made me everything I am\". In an \"XXL\" list of 20 times the rap star showed Chicago love via lyrics, the lines: \"You see how I creeped up?/You see how I played a big role in Chicago like Queen Latifah?\" made the list. \"NME\" gave a rather deep, but positive reception towards the track, describing it as: 'starting on a war tack, but slowly softening, compassion slipping through the seams'. The song was received by \"DJBooth\" as being 'almost a character analysis' from West. \"HotNewHipHop\" placed it at number 30 on their list of West's 50 best songs. On September 29, 2007, just over two weeks after the album featuring it had been released, West gave a freestyle over an orchestral version of the beat from \"Everything I Am\" live on \"SNL\", accompanied by a live performance of fellow \"Graduation\" track \"Champion\". 10 years after the song had been officially released, DJBooth published an article about it being West's 'last comfortable moment', showing a view towards the track of it having a significant legacy. A legacy was also portrayed of \"Everything I Am\" in a 2017 article by Noisey about the featuring album, with it being written that the hook: 'became an almost ubiquitous Myspace screen name for teens and college-age kids' and that 'Those kids are now the biggest stars in rap and they haven't lost sight of the lessons Kanye taught on his genre-blending third album.', which shows it as having influence along with a legacy. In August 2016, Kim Kardashian West listed it among her top 28 favourite songs by her husband. Information taken from \"Graduation\" liner notes. Everything I Am (Kanye West song) \"Everything I Am\" is a song by American rap musician Kanye West that features DJ Premier, from West's third studio album \"Graduation\" (2007). American singer Solange sampled the song in her 2010 single \"Fuck the Industry\", which Kanye himself produced. The line \"Everything I'm not made me everything I am\" from it was quoted by"
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"Beimen MRT station The Taipei Metro Beimen station (\"North Gate\") is a station on the Songshan Line located in Datong District, Taipei City, Taiwan. This four-level, underground station has two side platforms. It is located beneath Tacheng St. beneath Civic Blvd. and Zhongxiao West Rd. It was scheduled to open in December 2013 with the launch of the Songshan Line. However, the opening of Beimen station was delayed until 15 November 2014. The southeastern part of the station connects to the Taipei City Mall, which connects through to Taipei Main Station. The theme for this station is \"Bearing Grace and Inaugurating Vision\". It uses silhouette carvings to represent historical images of Old Taipei, Beimen station, and the history of railway transportation. Artworks include \"The Gate of Taipei City\", \"Bearing Grace\" series, \"Locomotives\" in the \"Inaugurating Vision\" series, and historical photos of Taipei. It was originally known as , opened east of the old Taiwan Railway Administration Building on 17 August 1916. It was a terminus for the Tamsui Line. It was an at-grade station with side platforms. This station was closed on 6 March 1923. The Taipei Metro station opened on 15 November 2014. Excavation depth for this station is around . It is in length and wide. It has four exits, one of which is integrated with the South Wing of the National Taiwan Museum. Taipei Workshop, a Grade 3 historical monument constructed during the era of Japanese rule, was exactly where the future Beimen station would be located. Thus, a removal project commenced on 20 October 2006 to temporarily move the structure until construction of both the Songshan Line and the Taoyuan International Airport MRT are completed. The building was moved 30 meters to the southeast, and was moved back when construction was completed. Beimen MRT station The"
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"Pagurus Pagurus is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Paguridae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is not calcified and they use snail shells as portable homes. These marine decapod crustaceans are omnivorous, but mostly prey on small animals and scavenge carrion. \"Trigonocheirus\" and \"Pagurixus\" used to be considered subgenera of \"Pagurus\", but the former is nowadays included in \"Orthopagurus\", while the latter has been separated as a distinct genus. Some 170 species are presently placed in \"Pagurus\"; many others have been placed here at one time or another but are now assigned to other genera of Paguroidea. Usually, a few new species are discovered each year. The following list is current : The following are all \"nomina nuda\". They have never been validly described as new species, but only mentioned under these names: Pagurus Pagurus is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Paguridae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is not calcified and they use snail shells as portable homes. These marine decapod crustaceans are omnivorous, but mostly prey on small animals and scavenge carrion. \"Trigonocheirus\" and \"Pagurixus\" used to be considered subgenera of \"Pagurus\", but the former is nowadays included in \"Orthopagurus\", while the"
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"Trichomanes speciosum Trichomanes speciosum, commonly known as Killarney fern, is a species of fern found widely in Western Europe. It is most abundant in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Brittany, Galicia, Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores, but is also found in other locations including France, Spain, Portugal and Italy. The sporophyte form is found in only 16 locations in the UK although the gametophyte form is more widespread. Once found on Arran, it was thought to be extinct in Scotland due to the activities of Victorian collectors, but the species has been discovered on Skye in its gametophyte form. In the UK it is classed as vulnerable and it is considered one of Europe's most threatened plants. It is one of only three European species with translucent leaves and requires a humid, frost-free environment. In Britain, it is largely restricted to damp, shady, sheltered locations such as ravines. It became a protected species in the UK in 1975 under the Conservation of Wild Creatures and Wild Plants Act. Trichomanes speciosum Trichomanes speciosum, commonly known as Killarney fern, is a species of fern found widely in Western Europe. It is most abundant in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Brittany, Galicia, Canary Islands,"
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"Manaratsandry Manaratsandry is a town and commune () in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Marovoay, which is a part of Boeny Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 20,000 in 2001 commune census. Manaratsandry has a riverine harbour. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 16% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are peanuts and maize. Industry and services provide both employment for 1% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 2% of the population. Manaratsandry Manaratsandry is a town and commune () in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Marovoay, which is a part of Boeny Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 20,000 in 2001 commune census. Manaratsandry has a riverine harbour. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 16% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are peanuts and maize. Industry and services provide"
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"Peter Steindl Peter David Steindl (born 14 June 1970) is a former Scottish cricketer who played a number of matches for the Scottish national side. He later served in several coaching roles with Cricket Scotland, including as coach of the national team from 2007 to 2013. Now currently is coaching Western Suburbs Bulldogs District Cricket Club in Graceville, Brisbane Qld. Born in Bundaberg, Queensland, Steindl was raised in Australia, but moved to Scotland in 1993, with his Scottish wife. His first matches for a Scottish representative side came during a 1993–94 tour of Zimbabwe. A medium-pacer, most of Steindl's matches for Scotland came in the limited-overs Benson & Hedges Cup and Natwest Trophy (later called the C&G Trophy). Beginning in 1995, he played ten matches in those competitions, all against English county sides, with his best figures, 3/43, coming against Derbyshire during the 1995 season. Steindl did, however, play one first-class match, going wicketless against a touring Australia A side in August 1998. He was in Scotland's squad for the 1999 World Cup, but failed to play a game. Steindl worked for a time in Edinburgh Council youth programmes before joining Cricket Scotland as youth development manager in 2006, replacing former teammate Andy Tennant. After Scotland's senior coach, Peter Drinnen, resigned in July 2007, he and Tennant took over the team on an interim basis. Steindl was permanently appointed to the position in December 2007. He coached the team at the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, and was tasked with \"rebuilding the side\" after a number of senior players retired. Steindl signed a three-year contract extension in February 2012, but resigned from the position in December 2013, after Scotland were unsuccessful at the 2013 World Twenty20 Qualifier. He was subsequently appointed coach of the Carlton Cricket Club, playing in the Eastern Premier Division of the Scottish National Cricket League. Steindl was succeeded as Scotland coach by Craig Wright and Paul Collingwood, on a transitional basis, and then by New Zealand Grant Bradburn, from April 2014. Peter Steindl Peter David Steindl (born 14 June 1970) is a former Scottish cricketer who played a number of matches for the Scottish national side. He later served in several coaching roles with Cricket Scotland, including as coach of the national team from 2007 to 2013. Now currently is coaching Western Suburbs Bulldogs District Cricket Club in Graceville, Brisbane Qld. Born in Bundaberg, Queensland, Steindl was"
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"Crook of Devon Crook of Devon is a village within the parish of Fossoway in Perthshire. It is about southwest of Kinross on the A977 road. Until relatively recently the official name of the village was Fossoway (as evidenced on the war memorial etc.) but this has been usurped by the widely used nickname \"crook of devon\". The latter name derives from the sudden angle (crook) which the River Devon makes near the village. It was famous in the 17th century for its witch burnings. Down the road at the side of the Institute (Village Hall) on the right side is a field called Lamblaires and in the northwest corner is the place where the witches were strangled and then burned at the stake. The church dates from 1729 and was remodelled in 1806, but the site has been a place of worship since the 14th century. The Elizabeth Wilkie Hall was added in 2000. Crook of Devon Crook of Devon is a village within the parish of Fossoway in Perthshire. It is about southwest of Kinross on the A977 road. Until relatively recently the official name of the village was Fossoway (as evidenced on the war memorial etc.) but"
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"The first and second generation 4Runners were both targeted as unsafe SUVs. 1980s and early-1990s crash regulations in the United States were not very strict for light trucks, and all early model 4Runners were fitted with doors that offered little protection in the event of a side collision. In most areas, there was little more than two pieces of sheet-metal and the window to keep incoming vehicles from impacting passengers. The crash test rating for the second generation 4Runner was one star for the driver's side in a frontal collision while the passenger side received a 4-star rating. Later, more strict crash regulations mandated doors that offered as much protection as passenger car doors. In the United States, the 1994 and 1995 model years added side-impact beams in the doors. \n In 1996 the 4Runner was dropped from sale in the UK, to be replaced by the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado, which was badged as the Toyota Land Cruiser Colorado. \n Major standard features included a tilt and telescoping steering wheel, remote keyless entry, single zone automatic climate control, power driver's lumbar support, power rear tailgate window, and on V8 models a tow hitch receiver bolted directly to the rear frame crossmember. Options included HomeLink, an electrochromic auto-dimming rearview mirror, power moonroof, third row seating, a DVD-based navigation system (loses in-dash CD changer), a 10-speaker JBL Synthesis stereo, and rear seat audio. An optional backup camera system on Limited models used two cameras mounted on the interiors D-pillars to give a wider view when backing up. Some trim levels get two mirrors mounted on the interior D-pillars just inside the rear hatch. \n In 2014 (for the 2015 model year) the TRD Pro trim level was introduced in the United States, with Toyota badging on the front as well as an off-road package as part of the TRD Pro Series. The TRD Pro 4Runner included TRD Bilstein shocks with remote reservoirs, TRD-tuned front springs and TRD front skid plate. For each model year of the TRD Pro, beyond the two colors available on all trims, the TRD Pro is available in an exclusive color. This was' Inferno Orange' for the 2015 model year, ' Quicksand' for 2016, ' Cement' for 2017 and' Cavalry Blue' for 2018. \n About 1500 of the Trekkers were built and sold in the United States. An additional unknown number of Trekker kits, likely less than 200, were shipped to Canada to be installed on Canadian trucks at the dealerships. 20 to 30 of the Trekker kits were sold and shipped to Saudi Arabia for installation. \n All 4Runners came with Toyota's Star Safety System which includes anti-lock brakes, electronic brakeforce distribution, brake assist, traction control and Vehicle Stability Control. Side torso airbags for the front rows as well as side curtain airbags for the front and rear rows were optional on 2003–2007 models and became standard on 2008 models. \n Fourth generation (N210) \n--- \nOverview \nAlso called | Toyota SW4 Toyota Hilux Surf \nProduction | August 2002–28 August 2009 \nModel years | 2003–2009 \nAssembly | Tahara, Aichi, Japan Hamura, Tokyo, Japan \nBody and chassis \nClass | Mid-size SUV \nBody style | 5-door wagon \nRelated | Lexus GX Toyota Land Cruiser Prado Toyota FJ Cruiser Toyota Hilux Toyota Hilux Surf Toyota Tacoma Toyota Fortuner \nPowertrain \nEngine | 4.0 L 1GR-FE V6 4.7 L 2UZ-FE V8 (MY2003-2004) 4.7 L 2UZ-FE with VVT-i (MY2005-2009) 3.0 L 1KZ-TE I4 turbodiesel (Latin America) 3.0 L 1KD-FTV I4 \nTransmission | 5-speed automatic Aisin A7xx Series \nDimensions \nWheelbase | 109.8 in (2,789 mm) \nLength | MY2003–05:189 in (4,801 mm) MY2006–09:189.2 in (4,806 mm) \nWidth | MY2003–05:73.8 in (1,875 mm) MY2006–09:75.2 in (1,910 mm) \nHeight | MY2003–05 SR5:68.9 in (1,750 mm) MY2003–05:71.6 in (1,819 mm) MY2006–09 SR5:69.3 in (1,760 mm) MY2006–09 Sport:71.3 in (1,811 mm) MY2006–09 Limited:71.1 in (1,806 mm) \nCurb weight | 4,280 lb (1,941 kg) (approx.) \n vehicle structure rated \"Poor\" \n strength-to-weight ratio:4.11 \n Hilux Surf models in Japan are widely exported as used vehicles to Somalia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia. \n Toyota 4Runner \n--- \nOverview \nManufacturer | Toyota \nAlso called | Toyota Hilux Surf \nProduction | 1984–present \nBody and chassis \nClass | \n\n * Compact SUV (1984–2002) \n * Mid-size SUV (2002–present) \n\n \nLayout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive \nChronology \nSuccessor | Toyota Fortuner (Southeast Asia) \n * In early 2003, Toyota added an optional Appearance Package for the SR5 model that included color-keyed cladding, bumpers, and liftgate trim. In April 2003, Toyota made the Appearance Package, along with the previously optional fog lamps, running boards, and 16-inch aluminum wheels, standard on the SR5. The Sport Edition also added black running boards and color-keyed trim, replacing the grey cladding and silver-painted grille, door handles and liftgate trim. \n * In late 2003 (for the 2004 model year), a Tire Pressure Monitoring System was added as standard equipment. A 3rd row seat became optional on the SR5 and Limited models. \n * In 2004 (for the 2005 model year) enhancements were brought to the optional V8 engine and a 5-speed automatic was made standard on the V6 model. Slight changes were made to the exterior including color-keyed bumper trim (replacing the silver painted trim on all colors except Dorado Gold) on the SR5 and Limited; a chrome grille on the SR5; a black roof-rack and running boards (replacing silver) on the Limited; and a redesigned rear spoiler. A Salsa Red Pearl scheme was also introduced for all trim levels, although a similar color scheme was available for third generation models. \n\n\n The Trekker conversion consisted of a fiberglass tub, bed sides, a non-removable canopy and rear hatch. The kit included a folding rear seat that could be folded forward to lay flat and add cargo space to the back. There was no tailgate on the Trekkers. The factory Toyota vinyl cab headliner was replaced and matched to the custom rear canopy headliner. \n The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety rated the 4Runner as \"Good\" overall in the frontal offset crash test, \"Good\" overall in the side impact test on vehicles with side airbags, and the 4Runner received a \"Poor\" rating for rear impact protection. An IIHS report published in April 2007 shows the 4Runner has one of the lowest death rates for all vehicles on the road at only 13 deaths per million registered vehicle years for the 2003 and 2004 model years. Only the Infiniti G35 and BMW 7 series had lower death rates. \n In 1986, the Surf/4Runner underwent a major front suspension design change as it was changed from a solid front axle to the Hi-Trac independent front suspension. Track width was also increased by three inches. These changes made the trucks more comfortable on-road, and improved stability and handling. The new suspension also increased the space in the engine compartment (necessary to fit larger engines, such as the V6 introduced in 1987) but arguably decreased the truck's off-road capabilities. The North American specification Toyota Pickup also adopted this new suspension, but the regular Hilux for other markets at this point retained the more rugged and capable, if less refined, solid axle configuration. With the 1986 update, the Surf/4Runner grille changed from the three segment type to the two segment grille. Tops were color-matched on blue, red and some gold models, while other body colors were still sold with black or white tops. \n Fifth generation (N280) \n--- \nOverview \nProduction | 31 August 2009–present \nModel years | 2010–present \nAssembly | Japan:Tahara, Aichi (Tahara plant) \nDesigner | Koichi Suga (2007) \nBody and chassis \nClass | Mid-size SUV \nBody style | 5-door wagon \nRelated |",
"* FJ Cruiser \n * Toyota Land Cruiser Prado/Lexus GX \n\n \nPowertrain \nEngine | \n\n * 2.7 L 2TR-FE I4 (157 hp, SR5 2WD, 2010 MY only) \n * 4.0 L 1GR-FE V6 (270 hp) \n\n \nTransmission | \n\n * 4-speed automatic (I4, 2010 only) \n * 5-speed automatic (V6)",
"Dimensions \nWheelbase | 109.8 in (2,789 mm) \nLength | 189.9 in (4,823 mm) \nWidth | 75.8 in (1,925 mm) \nHeight | 71.5–74.2 in (1,816–1,885 mm) \nCurb weight | 4,400–4,805 lb (1,996–2,180 kg) \n The fifth generation 4Runner was unveiled at the State Fair of Texas on September 24, 2009. It is available in 3 trim levels, 2 of which were available previously. The base SR5 trim as well as the top-of-the-line Limited trim are available as a 2WD or a 4WD. The new Trail Edition is only available as a 4WD. The SR5 and Trail Edition 4WDs will receive a part-time 4WD drive system, while the Limited will have full-time 4WD. All models will come with A-TRAC. The new Trail Edition offers Toyota's Kinetic Dynamic Suspension System (KDSS) and Crawl Control which had previously only been available to premium Toyota vehicles, as well as a rear locking differential like the previous Trail Package. \n Thus, the first generation is nearly mechanically identical to the Toyota Hilux. All first generation 4Runners had two doors and were indistinguishable from the pickups from the dashboard forward. Nearly all changes were to the latter half of the body; in fact, because the rear springs were not upgraded to bear the additional weight from the rear seats and fiberglass top, these early models tended to suffer from a sagging rear suspension. \n In 1988, the 22R-E engine was joined by an optional 3.0 L V6 engine, the 3VZ-E. This engine was significantly larger and more powerful although not as reliable as the original 4-cylinder offering. Trucks sold with the V6 engine were equipped with the same heavy duty rear differential that was used in the turbocharged trucks, as well as a completely new transmission and transfer case; the transfer case was chain driven, although considered less rugged, created less cab noise than the old gear-driven unit used behind the four-cylinder engine. \n Significant changes from the second generation models include a larger body on a longer wheelbase, increased interior space, increased cargo space, dual airbags, ABS, lift-up tailgate, coil-spring suspension all around, rack and pinion steering, and aerodynamic contour designed glass headlights. Additionally, Hilux Surf versions immediately moved to 16-inch wheels and gained a center differential, enabling the use of four-wheel drive on hard surfaces without complication for the first time. The prior system was retained to give on-the-fly shifting between rear-and four-wheel drive as before. The new 4Runner was also available with a factory installed selectable electric locker in the rear differential, a first for the 4Runner but available since 1993 in the Toyota Land Cruiser. \n The Toyota 4Runner is a compact, later mid-size sport utility vehicle produced by the Japanese manufacturer Toyota and sold throughout the world from 1984 to present. In Japan, it is known as the Toyota Hilux Surf (トヨタ ハイラックス サーフ). The original 4Runner was a compact SUV and little more than a Toyota pickup truck with a fiberglass shell over the bed, but the model has since undergone significant independent development into a cross between a compact and a mid-size SUV. All 4Runners have been built at Toyota's Tahara plant at Tahara, Aichi, Japan, or at Hino Motors' Hamura, Japan plant. \n An engine which was not used in the US market and rarely in the Japanese domestic market pickups was the 3Y engine, which was used in place of the 22R engine in New Zealand models, followed more rarely by the 4Y 2.2 petrol in later versions. This was a decision by Toyota New Zealand to reduce parts required to be stocked by dealers as no other Toyotas sold in New Zealand at the time utilised the R series engines. \n The 4.0-liter V6 adds Dual VVT-i which improves horsepower, torque and fuel economy, and comes standard in all models. A 2.7-liter I4 was available on 2WD models, but was discontinued after the 2010 model year. The 4.7-liter V8 from the previous generation was not carried-over to the fifth generation 4Runner. The 4Runner is built on the same platform as the FJ Cruiser. \n 1997 models received a few minor updates, including the addition of a color keyed cargo cover. \n During 1984 to 1986 many 4Runners were imported to the US without rear seats. With only two seats the vehicle could be classified as a truck (rather than a sport vehicle) and could skirt the higher customs duties placed upon sport and pleasure vehicles. Most had aftermarket seats and seat belts added by North American dealers after they were imported. \n Most other full-body SUVs produced at the time (e.g. Nissan Pathfinder, Ford Explorer) featured tailgates that opened upward with the glass closed. In contrast, the second generation 4Runner carried over the retractable-glass tailgate from the first generation. Opening these tailgates requires first retracting the rear window into the tailgate and then lowering the tailgate much like as on a pickup truck. \n For the first generation N60 series Hilux Surf and export specification 4Runner introduced in 1984, Toyota, instead of developing an entirely new model, modified the existing Hilux (N50/N60/N70) with short-bed pickup body. The Hilux had undergone a major redesign in 1983 for the 1984 model year. Changes included the removal of the panel with integrated rear window from behind the front seats, the addition of rear seats, and a removable fiberglass canopy. The implementation was borrowed from both the second generation Ford Bronco, and the Chevrolet K5 Blazer, both short-bed trucks with removable fiberglass shells over the rear sections and having bench seats installed in the back. Like the Bronco and the Blazer, the Hilux Surf/4Runner also did not have a wall attached to the front section behind front seats as the regular Hilux did. In that sense, all three vehicles were not conventional pickup trucks with a fiberglass shell included. \n 2015 Toyota 4Runner on IIHS: Category | Rating \n---|--- \nModerate overlap frontal offset | Good \nSmall overlap frontal offset (2014–present) | Marginal \nSide impact | Good \nRoof strength | Good \n Because the drive train was still developed from the same source, the available engines were identical:The same 2.4 L four-cylinder (22R-E) and 3.0 L V6 (3VZ) engines were available in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive layouts. The new 4Runner used the independent front suspension that had been developed on the previous generation. The older style gear driven transfer case was phased out on the V6 models and they now had a chain driven case. The older gear driven case was retained on the 4-cylinder models. \n The Trekker was produced from early 1981 through 1983. The Trekkers were all built on Toyota short box chassis' . All of the Trekkers were classified as SR5 by both Winnebago and Toyota, regardless of the actual VIN denotation. Originally there were to be a SR5 and Deluxe version of the Trekker, one with vented windows and one without. All 1981 Trekkers had vented canopy windows. Non vented canopy windows were not installed on the Trekker until the 1982 model year. Non vented windows were installed due to the leaking issues of a forward facing vent on the 1981 Trekkers canopy windows rather than the classification of SR5 vs Deluxe.",
"The Trekker was produced from early 1981 through 1983. The Trekkers were all built on Toyota short box chassis' . All of the Trekkers were classified as SR5 by both Winnebago and Toyota, regardless of the actual VIN denotation. Originally there were to be a SR5 and Deluxe version of the Trekker, one with vented windows and one without. All 1981 Trekkers had vented canopy windows. Non vented canopy windows were not installed on the Trekker until the 1982 model year. Non vented windows were installed due to the leaking issues of a forward facing vent on the 1981 Trekkers canopy windows rather than the classification of SR5 vs Deluxe. \n 1999 models received both major cosmetic and interior enhancements. A new \"fat lip\" bumper was designed to allow for an extended crush zone on the front of the frame, as well as new multi-parabola style headlights, projector style fog lamps, and updated side marker lights and front turn signals. Vehicles with \"Limited\" and \"Highlander\" (later called \"Sport Edition\") trim received color-keyed running boards, front and rear bumpers, mud flaps and flares. The ergonomics of the interior was completely changed, moving all the controls to the center of the dash for the rear window, and defrost, it also received a new instrument panel with a digital odometer. The Limited trucks also received a brand-new electronic temp control, and upgraded stereo. The multimatic transmission became available as an option for 4WD 4Runners in 1999, giving the option of AWD operation. \n In 2016 (for the 2017 model year), the 4Runner Trail and Trail Premium were renamed to TRD Off-Road and TRD Off-Road Premium in the United States. These trim levels share the same mechanical functionality of the former Trail edition, but add aesthetic differences and TRD badging to differentiate themselves from the base model. They do not share the same suspension as the TRD Pro model. \n Calendar year | US \n---|--- \n| 74,109 \n1995 | 75,962 \n| 99,597 \n| 128,496 \n1998 | 118,484 \n1999 | 124,221 \n2000 | 111,797 \n| 90,250 \n2002 | 77,026 \n2003 | 109,308 \n| 114,212 \n2005 | 103,830 \n2006 | 103,086 \n2007 | 87,718 \n2008 | 47,878 \n2009 | 19,675 \n| 46,531 \n2011 | 44,316 \n2012 | 48,755 \n2013 | 51,625 \n2014 | 76,906 \n2015 | 97,034 \n2016 | 111,970 \n For Southeast Asia the Hilux Surf was replaced in 2005 by the similar Fortuner, which is based on the Hilux platform. \n Small cosmetic and option changes were made in 1988 for the 1989 model year, but the model was left largely untouched in anticipation of the replacement model then undergoing final development. \n Airbags for both the driver and passenger were added in 1995 (1996 model year). \n Nearly all second generation 4Runners were four-door models; however, from launch in 1989 to May 1993, a two-door model was also produced. These models are similar to the four-door models of the time in that the bodies were formed as a single unit, instead of the fiberglass tops used in the first generation 4Runners. Two-door cars of the second generation are extremely rare. US sales ended in August 1992, but it continued to be available in the Canadian market through 1993, and Japan until May 1993. \n Third generation (N180) \n--- \nOverview \nAlso called |",
"* Toyota Hilux Surf \n * Toyota Hilux SW4 (Argentina, Brazil) \n * Zhongxing Admiral \n\n \nProduction | August 1995–August 2002 \nModel years | 1996–2002 \nAssembly | \n\n * Tahara, Aichi, Japan \n * Hamura, Tokyo, Japan \n\n \nBody and chassis \nClass | Compact SUV \nBody style | 5-door wagon \nRelated | \n\n * Toyota Land Cruiser Prado \n * Toyota Hilux \n * Toyota Tacoma \n * Toyota T100 \n\n \nPowertrain \nEngine | \n\n * 2.7 L 3RZ-FE I4 \n * 3.4 L 5VZ-FE V6 \n * 3.0 L 1KZ-TE turbodiesel I4 \n\n \nTransmission | \n\n * 4-speed automatic \n * 5-speed manual \n\n \nDimensions \nWheelbase | 105.3 in (2,675 mm) \nLength | \n\n * 1995–98:178.7 in (4,539 mm) \n * 1998–00:183.2 in (4,653 mm) \n * 2000–02:183.3 in (4,656 mm) \n\n \nWidth | \n\n * 2WD:66.5 in (1,689 mm) \n * Limited:70.9 in (1,801 mm) \n\n \nHeight | \n\n * 1998–02:67.5 in (1,714 mm) \n * 1998–02 Limited:68.5 in (1,740 mm) \n * 1995–98:66.5 in (1,689 mm) \n * 1995–98 Limited:68.7 in (1,745 mm) \n\n \nCurb weight | 3,930 lb (1,783 kg) (approx.) \n * 2005 (for the 2006 model year) marked the fourth generation's mid-cycle refresh. The changes included revised front and rear bumpers; a reworked grille; new projector-beam headlamps and LED tail lamps; additional chrome trim on the SR5 model; and a smoked-chrome grille with tubular roof-rack and step bars on the Sport Edition. The revised front bumper features circular fog lights and a relocation of the turn-signals to the headlamp assembly. The redesigned bumper eliminates the rear bumper reflectors. MP3 playback capability and an auxiliary input jack were added to all audio systems. In addition, the Limited model was further differentiated from the other trim levels with the addition of unique 18\" wheels and a seat memory system. Shadow Mica was added as a color option. \n * In 2006 (for the 2007 model year), the 4Runner remained unchanged. \n * In 2007 (for the 2008 model year), the 4Runner received standard rollover sensing side curtain airbags and front row side torso airbags, a switch to disable Vehicle Stability Control, slightly modified front grille design, refinements in the Tire Pressure Monitoring System, and some changes in the seatbelt warning system and brake system control. An Urban Runner Package was also available on the Sport Edition V6 4x4, which added an in dash Tom Tom navigation system, alcantara inserts in both the front and back seats with dark leather bolstering, the 18\" Limited style wheels, a color-keyed front grill and a double-decker cargo system. \n * In 2008 (for the 2009 model year) the 4Runner remained unchanged. A Trail Edition package offered an electronic locking rear differential, a switch to enable/disable Advanced Traction Control (A-TRAC) and Bilstein dampers. \n\n\n The third generation 4Runner also featured new engines that are also installed in the first generation Toyota Tacoma pickup trucks:\n In North America, they were sold from the 19841⁄2 model year from May 1984. For this first year (March to July 1984 production), all models were equipped with black or white fiberglass tops. An SR5 trim package was offered that upgraded the interior:additional gauges, better fabrics, and a rear seat were standard with the package. All 1984 models were equipped with the carbureted 2.4 L 22R engine and were all available with a four-wheel-drive system that drove the front wheels through a solid front axle. \n * 2.7 L 3RZ-FE I4 replacing the previous 2.4 L 22R-E I4; 150 hp (110 kW) max horsepower at 4800 rpm (an increase of 38 hp ( 28 kW) ), and 177 lb ft (240 N m) max torque at 4000 rpm (an increase of 35 lb ft ( 47 N m) ); \n * 3.4 L 5VZ-FE V6 replacing the previous 3.0 L 3VZ-E V6; 183 hp (136 kW) horsepower at 4800 rpm (an increase of 33 hp ( 25 kW) ), and 217 lb ft (294 N m) max torque at 3600 rpm (an increase of 37 lb ft ( 50 N m) ). \n\n\n Toyota issued a second generation of Hilux Surf and 4Runner in 1989 for the 1990 model year. Known as the N120/N130 series, these models continued their reliance on the Hilux pickup as a basis. It represented a fundamental departure from the first generation model. Instead of an enhanced pickup truck with fiberglass cap, the new 4Runners featured a freshly designed, full steel integrated body mounted on the existing frame. However, the 4Runner did remain virtually identical to the Hilux from the B-pillars forward. It also gained an all new coil spring rear suspension system, which unfortunately proved to be just as prone to sagging as the leaf springs on the rear of the previous models. \n Second generation (N120/N130) \n--- \nOverview \nAlso called | Toyota Hilux Surf, Toyota Hilux SW4 (Brazil) \nProduction | August 1989–August 1995 \nModel years | 1990–1995 \nAssembly | Japan:Tahara, Aichi \nBody and chassis \nClass | Compact SUV \nBody style | \n\n * 3-door wagon \n * 5-door wagon \n\n \nRelated | \n\n * Toyota Pickup \n * Toyota Hilux \n * Toyota Tacoma \n * Toyota Land Cruiser \n * Toyota Land Cruiser Prado \n * Toyota T100 \n\n \nPowertrain \nEngine | \n\n * 2.0 L 3Y I4 \n * 2.2 L 4Y I4 \n * 2.4 L 22R-E I4 \n * 3.0 L 3VZ-E V6 \n * 2.4 L 2L-TE turbodiesel I4 \n * 2.4 L 2L-TII turbodiesel I4 \n * 2.8 L 3L diesel I4 \n * 3.0 L 1KZ-T/TE turbodiesel I4 \n\n \nTransmission | \n\n * 4-speed A340H automatic \n * 5-speed manual \n\n \nDimensions \nWheelbase | 103.3 in (2,624 mm) \nLength | \n\n * 1990 & 1994–95:176.0 in (4,470 mm) \n * 1991–93:176.8 in (4,491 mm)",
"Width | 66.5 in (1,689 mm) \nHeight | 66.1 in (1,679 mm) \nCurb weight | 3,760 lb (1,706 kg) (approx.) \n 1998 remained largely unchanged, save for a few changes in the electronics. More ergonomic switch control panels and a newly designed 4 spoke steering wheel, which also necessitated a redesign of the airbag system. \n 2001 models received new transparent tail lights and new front grille design. The wheels were also changed to a five-spoke design rim. Limited models received newly designed five spoke wheels as well, however different from SR5 and base model. Also included was a new, sleeker side view mirror design. SR5 and base model 4Runners also have redesigned climate control units utilizing 3 knobs and 2 buttons, contrary to the 1999 model's 2 sliders and 2 knobs. 2001 models were equipped with Vehicle Stability Control standard, and 4WD models came standard with the multimatic transmission. The optional e-locker for the rear differential was dropped in 2001. \n The fourth-generation 4Runner incorporated serious changes to the chassis and body of the vehicle, but was targeted at approximately the same demographics as the third generation. Based on the Land Cruiser Prado 120 series, the new 4Runner retained the same basic exterior styling themes, and was still marketed as a mid-size semi-luxury SUV with off-road capabilities. Available trims were the SR5, Sport Edition, and Limited models. An all-new LEV certified 4.0 L 1GR-FE V6 which produces 245 hp (183 kW) and 282 lb ft (382 N m) of torque is standard, but for the first time, a V8 became available, the ULEV certified 4.7 L 2UZ-FE engine which in the US produced 235 hp (175 kW) and 320 lb ft (434 N m). In 2004, for the 2005 model year, the addition of VVT-i increased output to 260 hp (194 kW) and 306 lb ft (415 N m). Fuel economy is estimated at 17 mpg city, 20 mpg highway for the V6 and 15/19 mpg for the V8. Towing capacity is 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) on V6 models and 7,300 pounds (3,300 kg) on RWD V8 models (7000 pounds w/4WD). The 4Runner first entered dealer showrooms in October 2002 for the 2003 model year. Three trims levels were offered, SR5, Sport Edition, and Limited. When it was first introduced the SR5 and Sport Edition models used gray plastic cladding and bumpers. Sport models also featured a non-functional hood scoop. \n Developed under chief Masaaki Ishiko from 1990 to 1995 under the project code 185T, in late 1995 (for the 1996 model year) a significant redesign of the 4Runner was introduced, with an all-new body shell on an all-new chassis. This time, it shared virtually nothing with the pickup it had originally evolved from, and shared its chassis with that of the Land Cruiser Prado four-door wagon. Whereas the transition to the second generation 4Runner was one that kept the build quality and options roughly on par with the rest of the mid-size SUV market, the changes made in the third generation turned the 4Runner into a more luxury-oriented vehicle. This move paralleled the changes to the 1996 Nissan Pathfinder, but moved the 4Runner into a distinctly different class from its older competitors, the Ford Explorer, Chevrolet Blazer, and Isuzu Rodeo. The third generation 4Runner did, however, look very similar to the second generation. \n A turbocharged version of the 22R-E engine (the 22R-TE) was also introduced in 1986, although this engine is significantly rarer than the base 22R-E. It appears that all turbocharged 4Runner models sold in the US were equipped with an automatic transmission, though a five-speed manual could still be ordered in the turbocharged pickups. Most turbocharged 4Runners were equipped with the SR5 package, and all turbo trucks had as standard a heavier rear differential later used in the V6 model. Low-option models had a small light in the gauge cluster to indicate turbo boost, while more plush vehicles were equipped with an all-digital gauge cluster that included a boost gauge. Turbocharged and naturally aspirated diesel engines were also available in the pickups at this time as well, but it appears that no diesel-powered 4Runners were imported to the United States. \n Later models offered a DVD Rear Seat Entertainment System (RSES) which used a nine-inch LCD screen and two wireless headphones. \n In 2013 (for the 2014 model year), the 4Runner received a facelift, consisting of revised front and rear fascia with projector headlamps and clear-lensed, LED tail-lamps, as well as other minor exterior cosmetic changes. The interior was also updated, with soft-touch door trim, leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob, revised dashboard and center stack, and the inclusion of Toyota's Optitron instrument cluster as standard across all trim levels. Brake lines were upgraded for improved pedal feel, and electronic Trailer Sway Control programming included. No driveline changes were made. All 2014 model year 4Runner models are powered by a 4.0-liter V-6 engine with intelligent Variable Valve Timing (VVT-i) that can develop 201 kW (270 bhp) and 377 N m (278 ft lb) of torque. It is mated to a five-speed automatic ECT transmission. \n In 1991 for the 1992 model year, the 4Runner received minor cosmetic updates, including one-piece front bumpers and modular headlamps instead of the increasingly outdated rectangular sealed beams. This facelift distanced the 4Runner somewhat from the Hilux pickups which did not receive the same cosmetic changes. At this time a wide-body version was introduced featuring extended wheel arch flares along with wider wheels and tires. \n The Trekker was one of the first prototype walk through conversions done to Toyota trucks in the early 1980s. They were similar to the successive 4Runner conversions done by Toyota, which started production in 1984, but were designed and built by Winnebago Industries with the approval of Toyota. The Trekkers were no longer a viable conversion when Toyota started producing the 4Runner in 1984. The Trekker was in essence the marketing test vehicle for Toyota to be able to introduce the 4Runner. \n Toyota shipped all trucks from Japan as cab and chassis in order to avoid the 25% assembled truck customs tax. The trucks destined for production as Trekkers were shipped to the dealership handling the national distribution of the Trekker. From there they went to Winnebago to have the Trekker conversion installed, returned after completion to the dealership for national distribution. Most of the Trekker conversions sold went to the west coast of the United States. \n The front suspension used a double wishbone while the rear is a solid rear axle type. The 4runner continued to use a body on frame construction design and a solid rear axle for strength and durability compromising interior room and on-road handling. Toyota's other mid-size SUV, the Highlander is a crossover which is not designed for off-roading. The optional 4WD systems were full-time on V8 models while \"Multi-Mode\" or part-time on V6 models, both systems used a lockable Torsen center differential. A new suspension system, X-Relative Absorber System (X-REAS), became standard on the Sport Edition and optional for SR5 and Limited models, a rear auto-leveling height adjustable air suspension is included with this option on Limited models. The X-REAS system links the dampers diagonally by means of hydraulic hoses and fluid using a mechanical center valve which reduces body roll during hard cornering. All 4runners were equipped with skid plates for the engine, transfer case, and fuel tank to prevent damage during off-roading. The Hill-Start Assist Control (HAC) system prevents the 4runner from rolling backwards on inclines and a Downhill Assist Control (DAC, 4WD only) modulates the brakes and throttle automatically without driver inputs for smooth hill descents at very low speeds, both electronic aids are standard on 4WD models.",
"The Hilux Surf version for the Japanese market was also available with a range of diesel engines, including a 2.4 L turbodiesel 2L-TE I4 up to 1993, followed by a 3.0 L turbodiesel 1KZ-TE I4. Small numbers were also made with a normally aspirated 2.8 L diesel 3L I4, a 2.0 L 3Y I4 naturally aspirated gasoline engine, and 2.4 L 22R-E I4 gasoline engine. The majority of petrol versions of the Hilux Surf received the 3.0 L V6. Various trim levels were offered in Japan ranging from the base model' SSR' through' SSR Ltd' ,' SSR-V' ' SSR-X' and' SSR-X Ltd' to the range topping' SSR-G' . Japanese models are distinguished from the export specification 4Runner by having a side opening tailgate as opposed to the 4Runner's lift-up tailgate. \n In 2009 with the end of this generation, Toyota Japan ceased production of the Hilux Surf, leaving only the 4Runner available in the subsequent model series. \n The 4Runner came in at number three in a 2016 study by iSeeCars.com ranking the top 10 longest-lasting vehicles in the US. The 4Runner had 5.2 percent of vehicles over 200,000 miles (320,000 km), according to the study. \n As of 2014, the 4Runner is sold in the United States, Canada, Central America, Bahamas, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile. \n 1985 (August 1984 production) saw the arrival of the electronically fuel-injected 2.4 L 22R-E also called 22R-EC I4 engine. This upped the horsepower numbers from 100 hp for the 22R, to 116 hp for the 22R-E Engine, though the carbureted engine remained available until 1988. Additionally, rear seats were available in all 1985 4Runner trim levels, not just the more upscale SR5. \n Additional cosmetic changes occurred between 1993 and 1995, the last year of the second generation. \n NHTSA crash test ratings (2003): Frontal Driver: | \n---|--- \nFrontal Passenger: | \nSide Driver: | \nSide Rear Passenger: | \nRollover: | \n Toyota Trekker \n--- \nOverview \nManufacturer |",
"* Toyota \n * Conversion by Winnebago \n\n \nProduction | 1981–1983 \nAssembly | United States:Forest City, Iowa (Winnebago) \nBody and chassis \nBody style | 2-door pickup \nRelated | Toyota Hilux \nPowertrain \nEngine | 2.4 L 22R I4 (gasoline) \nTransmission | 5-speed manual (L52) \nDimensions \nWheelbase | 102.2 in (2,595 mm) \nLength | 170.1 in (4,320 mm) \nWidth | 66.5 in (1,690 mm) \nHeight | 65.9 in (1,675 mm) \nCurb weight | 3,120 lb (1,415 kg) \n First generation (N60) \n--- \nOverview \nAlso called | \n\n * Toyota Hilux Surf \n * Toyota Hilux 4Runner \n\n \nProduction | March 1984–August 1989 \nModel years | 1984–1989 \nAssembly | Japan:Tahara, Aichi \nBody and chassis \nClass | Compact SUV \nBody style | 3-door wagon \nRelated | Toyota Pickup \nPowertrain \nEngine | \n\n * 2.0 L 3Y I4 (1984–1989) \n * 2.4 L 22R/22R-E I4 (1984–1989) \n * 2.4 L 22R-TE turbo I4 (1986–1988) \n * 3.0 L 3VZ-E V6 (1988–1989) \n * 2.4 L 2L diesel I4 (1984–1989) \n * 2.4 L 2L-T turbodiesel I4 (1985–1989) \n\n \nTransmission | \n\n * 4-speed automatic \n * 5-speed manual \n\n \nDimensions \nWheelbase | 103.0 in (2,616 mm) \nLength | 174.6 in (4,435 mm) \nWidth | 66.5 in (1,689 mm) \nHeight | 66.1 in (1,679 mm) \nCurb weight | 3,520–3,760 lb (1,597–1,706 kg) (approx.)"
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"retrieved": [
"Shemay Shemay (also Shemai) was an ancient Egyptian official and later vizier toward the end of the 8th Dynasty (22nd century BCE) during the First Intermediate Period, mainly known for being the beneficiary of most of the Coptos Decrees. His career has been interpreted as a glaring sign of the extreme weakness of the central power, forced to bestow great privileges to maintain the loyalty of powerful local governors. Shemay is buried in a mudbrick mastaba just south of Coptos. Shemay is known primarily from the Coptos Decrees, a series of decrees by various king of the 8th Dynasty granting titles and honours to him and his family. Shemay is also known from several rock inscriptions in the Wadi Hammamat and from his tomb located just south of Coptos. The earliest mention of Shemay came from the three Coptos Decrees “g” to “i” which are generally attributed to pharaoh Neferkaure, and one of these is datable to his Year 4. These documents were displayed in the temple of Min at Coptos and were addressed to the \"Governor of Upper Egypt\" Shemay — who had been nomarch of the \"Two Falcons nome\" with Coptos as capital — and concerning administrative matters about the cult of pharaoh Pepi II and the temple of Min. The earliest of the three decrees mention the new nomarch of Coptos named Idy who very likely was the same person of Idy, son of Shemay; furthermore, the latest of the three decrees ensured to Shemay the responsibility over the 22 nomes of Upper Egypt. Shortly after, king Neferkaure was succeeded by Neferkauhor and Shemay managed to marry his eldest daughter, princess Nebyet; in a single day of his Year 1 (possibly in the same day of his accession to the throne, the \"Month 2 of \"Peret\", Day 20\") Neferkauhor promulgated 8 of the Coptos Decrees (“j” to “q”), the beneficiary of which was always the newly promoted vizier Shemay as well as various member of his family. The first decree concerned Nebyet's particular status — as well as Shemay's one, for being the son-in-law of the new pharaoh. Subsequent decrees established other new benefits for Shemay's sons: Idy again filled the vacuum left by his father, occupying the office of Governor of Upper Egypt (although he was responsible only of the 7 southernmost nomes of Upper Egypt) while another son earned a title in the temple of Min. Shemay and Nebyet also gained some privilege that were unprecedented for non-royal people: in fact, some priests were assigned to the funerary cult of their \"ka\", and the couple was allowed to make their own mortuary monuments from royal-exclusively red granite. It seems that Shemay was already defunct when the last of the Coptos Decrees (“r”) was issued by the \"Horus\" Djemedjibtawy, who has been tentatively identified with both Wadjkare and Neferirkare: in fact it was addressed to the vizier Idy, providing evidence that once again the son followed his father's footsteps. In life, he gathered an impressive amount of titles and offices, in a decree he is called \"\"...the god's father, beloved of god, king's (foster) child, pyramid-town overseer and vizier, overseer of scribes of the king's document, governor of Upper Egypt, sole companion, chamberlain, herdsman of Hierakonpolis, chief of El Kab, lector priest, overseer of the priest of Min\"\". Further high titles are found in his tomb \"iry-pat\" (hereditary prince) and \"Haty-a\" (count). Shemay is buried in a tomb south of Coptos on a hill within the flood plain, in modern Kom el-Koffar also known as Kom el-Momanien and Naga el-Kom. The tomb was first excavated in 1956 by Labib Habachi and then from 1979 until 1982 by Rabia Hamdan. More recent excavation works have taken place in 2000 and 2002. The tomb consists of a large mudbrick mastaba with a pillared hall in its center, which is entered from the North side via a forecourt and a long causeway. All these structures are paved with limestone while the walls of the pillared hall were adorned with offering scenes. A red granite false door is located on the south-east wall of the hall. Several stelae representing Shemay were discovered in niches on the external northern face of the mastaba were offerings to Shemay would possibly have been made. An inscription on the East wall of the hall is dated to the first year of the reign of Neferkauhor, fourth month of the Shemu season, day 2. This inscription is the sole contemporary attestation of Neferkauhor beyond the Coptos Decrees. The upper register of the wall shows on the left Shemay with his wife. In front of him are workmen dragging a stone. In the middle register is shown the slaughtering of a bull and the dragging of another stone. In this register king Neferkauhor is mentioned twice. The lowest register shows a boat fight in the marshes. Another inscription details what Shemay's son Idy did for his father, giving offerings and ordering repair works in the necropolis. Shemay Shemay (also Shemai) was an ancient Egyptian official and later vizier toward the end of the 8th Dynasty (22nd century BCE) during the First Intermediate Period, mainly known for being the beneficiary of most of the Coptos Decrees. His career has been interpreted as a glaring sign of the extreme weakness of the central power, forced to bestow great privileges to maintain the loyalty of powerful local governors. Shemay"
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"retrieved": [
"Pavla Topolánková Pavla Topolánková is a Czech politician. She was born in Bohumín, Czech Republic on 7 May 1955. She was the wife of Mirek Topolánek, former Czech Prime Minister. Pavla Topolánková is the mother of Petra (1979), Jana (1983) and Tomáš (1992) and the grandmother of Karolína (2006) and Štěpán (2008). She graduated from Brno University of Technology as a mechanical engineer with specialization on thermal treatment. She was a high school teacher and later personal assistant of her husband while he was a senator in the Czech Senate. She strongly supported her husband in his 2003 bid for chairmanship of Civic Democratic Party and in Czech legislative election, 2006. She is also a co-founder of an NGO Becario, aimed at promoting education. In Fall 2006, she surprisingly ran for Senate for Jana Bobošíková's party \"Politika 21\" in the Ostrava district, against the incumbent candidate of Civic Democratic Party (and to a dismay of senior party officials, who suggested that she should rather support her husband in his effort to form a cabinet). She did not pass the first round and the Civic Democratic candidate lost the run-off. The marriage of Pavla Topolánková and then Czech Prime Minister Mirek Topolánek had been popular topic for Czech media since parliamentary elections in June 2006. After Pavla Topolánková announced her candidacy for Senate in one of city of Ostrava's election districts (against Mirek Topolánek's party colleague), it became obvious that the marriage was in crisis. In January 2007 Topolánek publicly announced that he lives with Lucie Talmanová, his mistress and party colleague. Topoláneks' divorce was finalised in February 2010. In January 2007, Cardinal Miloslav Vlk praised Pavla Topolánková for striving to maintain her family and her willingness to forgive her husband. Pavla Topolánková Pavla Topolánková is a Czech politician. She was"
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"Mountains of Azerbaijan Mountains of Azerbaijan cover approximately 60 percent of the country’s land area. There are three mountain ranges in the territory of Azerbaijan, which are the Greater Caucasus, the Lesser Caucasus, and the Talysh Mountains. The elevation of the central mountains of these three mountain ranges is approximately 1000 – 2000 meters. The height of high mountains of the Greater Caucasus is higher than 2200 meters and the Lesser Caucasus is higher than 2000 meters. The Greater Caucasus range forms the north-east borders of Azerbaijan with Dagestan Autonomous Republic of Russia. Bazarduzu, Shahdagh, and Tufandag are the high peaks of the mountain range. The highest peak of the Greater Caucasus is Mount Bazarduzu, which is situated 14,652 feet (4466 meters) above the sea level, is also the highest point in Azerbaijan. The mountains of the Greater Caucasus are located in the region of high degree of seismic activity. The mountains are formed by rocks that date back to Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The Lesser Caucasus is the second important mountain range in Azerbaijan and forms its south-western borders. Mount Murovdag and Mount Zangezur are the main ridges of the Lesser Caucasus. They are formed by sedimentary and volcanogenic rocks of Cretaceous and Jurassic periods. The Talysh Mountains cover the southeastern part of Azerbaijan and form part of its border with Iran. The highest peak of the Greater Caucasus, Mount Bazarduzu, is the highest mountain in Azerbaijan.It lies on the borders between Azerbaijan and Russia. The rocks of Mount Bazarduzu are formed of shale porphyries. Ice fields that consist of glaciers from Ice Age on the mountain are the biggest glaciers in the Eastern Caucasus. The first person who climbed the Mount Bazarduzu was Aleksej Aleksandrov from Russia in 1847. The elevation of Mount Shahdagh is 13951 feet (4243 m), which is the second highest peak in the Greater Caucasus. The mountain is located near to the border with Russia, in Gusar region of Azerbaijan. There are caves at the base of the Mount Shahdagh, which show manmade activities around the mountain for over 9000 years. The rocks of the mountain are formed by dolomite and limestones. It is the third highest mountain in Azerbaijan with the height of 13770 feet (4191 m.). Mount Tufandag lies in the Gusar region. Within the Lesser Caucasus, the highest mountain ridge is Murovdag. The range of the mountain is approximately 70 kilometers. The highest peak of the Murovdag ridge is Gamishdag and its elevation is 3724 meters. The Zangezur mountain ridge bordered with Aghdaban peak in north-west and Araz river in south-east. The range of the Zangezur ridge is approximately 130 kilimeters. In the center and south-east parts of the ridge, there are Gamigaya, Kaputjukh, Garangush, Davabouynu, Aychingil peaks. Prominent mountains of the Zangezur ridge are Nahajir, Alinja, Ilandag, Gurddag, and Gizilboghaz mountains. Mount Kaputjukh is the highest peak of the Zangezur ridge and the highest mountain in the Lesser Caucasus. The height of the mountain is 3904 meters. It lies in Ordubad region of Nakhchivan. There are ancient Gamigaya inscriptions on the rocks that are at the bottom of the mountain. Mount Alinja is located in Julfa region of Nakhchivan, on the shore of the river with the same name as mountain. The elevation of Mount Alinja is 1811 meters. It has volcanic origins. Talysh mountains are located in the south – east of Azerbaijan. There are three mountain ridge within the Talysh mountains, which of elevations reach 2477 meters. They are Talysh, Burovar, and Peshteser. There are few peaks that of heights are above 3000 meters (10000 ft). The rocks of the mountains originated from volcanic rocks and carbonate rocks that date back to the Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Paleogene periods. The highest peak of Talysh mountains is the Mount Kyumyurkyoy (2493 meters). Mount Gizyurdu is the second highest peak of Talysh mountains with the height of 2433 meters. The elevation of Mount Goyazan is located 20 kilometers far from Qazakh district of Azerbaijan. Its elevation is 250 meters. The mountain has volcanic origin and it is not connected to any mountain ridges. At the bottom of the mountain, there are ancient dwellings. Yanar Dag is located 27 kilometers far from Baku. On the surface of Yanar Dag, there are fires of natural gas that flames continuously, and their height reaches to 10-15 meters. The historical-cultural and natural reserve was established in the territory of Yanar Dag by the presidential decree dated May 2, 2007. Geography of Azerbaijan Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan Republic Mountains of Azerbaijan Mountains of Azerbaijan cover approximately 60 percent of the country’s land area. There are three mountain ranges in the territory of Azerbaijan, which are the Greater Caucasus, the Lesser Caucasus, and the Talysh Mountains. The elevation of the central mountains of"
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"Curaçao International Airport Curaçao International Airport , also known as Hato International Airport (formerly Dr. Albert Plesman International Airport), is the primary airport for the island of Curaçao. The airport is located on the north coast of Curaçao, from the capital Willemstad. Curaçao International Airport services flights from the Caribbean region, South America, North America and Europe and has the third longest commercial runway in the Caribbean region after Rafael Hernández Airport in Puerto Rico and Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport in Guadeloupe. The airport serves as a main base for Insel Air and Divi Divi Air; it formerly served as a main base for ALM, KLM, DCA and DAE. The airport was initially called Hato Airport, namesake to the nearby town of Hato. On Tuesday, 5 January 1954, the airport was renamed Dr. Albert Plesman airport. Plesman, director of the Royal Dutch Airlines for the Netherlands and Colonies, had died a few days earlier. Often it was spoken of Aeropuerto Plesman or Plesman Airport, unofficially also the name Hato remained in use till this day. Nowadays the official name is: Curaçao International Airport. \"'It will be unnecessary to set out in detail, of which it is of paramount importance, that the Dutch aviation industry gets a firm footing in the vicinity of the Caribbean sea, where air traffic is now becoming more and more a factor of economic significance.' - Albert Plesman\" With above argument in March 1934 Albert Plesman, director of KLM, hoped to receive financial support from the Comité Vliegtocht Nederland-Indië. It was a new plan to head to the West. In the 1920s it started to interest itself in the Caribbean region. Curaçao was developing itself in a beneficial way due to the presence of the oil refinery and a growing number of people were starting to choose the region with the purpose of vacationing. Aviation companies were paying close attention to these developments and were researching if it was possible to create a connection between the United States, Curaçao and South America. The West Indische Gouvernement constructed a runway at the Hato plantation in Curaçao, On 22 December 1934 the Snip plane arrived in Curaçao after an 8th day during trip with the route Amsterdam-Marseille-Alicante-Casablanca-Porto Praia-Paramaribo-La Guaria-Curaçao. Hato was one of the most important and busiest airports in the Caribbean during the Second World War. The airfield was used by the US Air Force for patrols against submarines. During the 1960s the 'Bestuurscollege' commissioned Netherlands Airport Consultants B.V. (NACO) to design a Master plan for the airport. This assignment was in connection with the expected arrival of the Boeing 747. The 'Jumbo' first flew on 9 February 1969. Curaçao International Airport N.V. (Curinta) was founded in 1977 and operated the Airport until 2013. Its predecessor was the 'Luchthavenbedrijf', which was a department of the Government of Curaçao. During World War II, the airport was used by the United States Army Air Forces Sixth Air Force conducting antisubmarine patrols. Flying units using the airfield were: Located at the west side of Hato Airport there are hangars for the two Bombardier Dash 8 Maritime Patrol Aircraft and two AgustaWestland AW139 helicopters of the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard. This was until 2007 a naval airbase of the Royal Netherlands Navy who operated the base for 55 years. With a wide variety of aircraft in the past years Fireflies, Avengers, Trackers, Neptunes, Fokker F-27's, P-3C Orions, Fokker F-60's and several helicopters. After the political decision to sell all Orions the airbase wasn't needed anymore. The west end of the airport is a USAF Forward Operating Base (FOB). The base hosts AWACS and transport aircraft. Until 1999 the USAF operated a small fleet of F-16 fighters from the FOB. Curaçao International Airport Curaçao International Airport , also known as Hato International Airport (formerly Dr. Albert Plesman International Airport), is the primary airport for the island of Curaçao. The airport is located on the north coast of Curaçao, from the capital Willemstad. Curaçao International Airport services flights from the Caribbean region, South America, North America and Europe and has the third longest commercial runway in the Caribbean region after Rafael Hernández Airport in Puerto Rico and Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport in Guadeloupe. The airport"
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"retrieved": [
"Solar4America Ice Solar4America Ice at San Jose (formerly the Ice Center of San Jose, Logitech Ice Center, and Sharks Ice at San Jose) is an indoor ice rink in San Jose, California, United States. The largest ice rink facility in the Western United States, Solar4America Ice serves as the official training facility for the NHL San Jose Sharks and the home arena for San Jose State University's Spartans hockey team. The facility opened in 1994 and was expanded in 2000 and 2005. Roofing contractor PetersenDean bought naming rights to the facility in 2016, renaming the facility after its Solar4America solar roofing brand. The venue is also used for public skating, public/private skating programs, hockey programs, broomball, curling, speed skating, ice dancing, and more. Remodeled in the summer of 2005, the nearly 170,000 square-foot facility features four (4) NHL-sized ice rinks (the Spartans play on the North Rink, which has a listed seating capacity of approximately 550, but is routinely packed with upwards of 1000 fans on game nights), as well as a full-service Pro Shop, a full-service Food Court, a video arcade, and meeting space for up to 500 guests. Additionally, Stanley's Sports Bar & Grill, opened in January 2006, features food, beer, and wine. In 1995, the arena hosted the Women's Pacific Rim Championship ice hockey tournament. Solar4America Ice Solar4America Ice at San Jose (formerly the Ice Center of San Jose, Logitech Ice Center, and Sharks Ice at San Jose) is an indoor ice rink in San Jose, California, United States. The largest ice rink facility in the Western United States, Solar4America Ice serves as the official training facility for the NHL San Jose Sharks and the home arena for San Jose State University's Spartans hockey team. The facility opened in 1994 and was expanded in 2000 and 2005."
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