Split (3)

train · 1.3k rows

id string	text string	labels list
22431524	Cancer cells exhibit altered glucose metabolism characterized by a preference for aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect , and the cells resist matrix detachment-induced apoptosis , which is called anoikis , a barrier to metastasis . It remains largely unclear whether tumor metabolism influences anoikis and metastasi...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "cellular energetics", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12446006	To assess the immune function of microglia and macrophages in brain tumors , the expression of MHC class II and B7 costimulatory molecules in three rodent glioma models was examined . Microglia and macrophages , which accounted for 5-12% of total cells , expressed B7.1 and MHC class II molecules in the C6 and 9L tumors...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
20511723	By intravenous ( but not oral ) application of ascorbate , millimolar serum concentrations can be reached , which are preferentially cytotoxic to cancer cells . Cytotoxicity is mediated by transition metal-dependent generation of H(2)O(2) in the interstitial space . In this study , the sensitivity of neuroblastoma cell...	[ "cellular energetics" ]
23273978	Binding within or nearby target genes involved in cell proliferation and survival enables the p53 tumor suppressor gene to regulate their transcription and cell-cycle progression . Using genome-wide chromatin-binding profiles , we describe binding of p53 also to regions located distantly from any known p53 target gene ...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
23204518	Osteopontin ( OPN ) , which is highly expressed in malignant glioblastoma ( GBM ) , possesses inflammatory activity that is modulated by proteolytic cleavage by thrombin and plasma carboxypeptidase B2 ( CPB2 ) at a highly conserved cleavage site . Full length OPN ( OPN-FL ) was elevated in cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) s...	[]
20393017	A novel camptothecin derivative ( TLC388 ) with higher efficacy and reduced toxicity has been synthesized and tested as a novel chemoradiosensitizing agent . This study investigated the mechanisms of the chemoradiosensitizing effects of TLC388 on H23 human non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) cells . Using the TUNEL as...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "resisting cell death" ]
1447316	Gamma-radiation , tetrandrine , bistratene A , and cisplatin were all found to induce pronounced morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis and extensive DNA fragmentation in the human BM13674 cell line 8 h after treatment . Apoptosis induced in BM13674 cells by these diverse agents was markedly inhibited by 1 m...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23127558	The mammalian COP9 signalosome ( CSN ) complex is involved in cell transformation , but its molecular mechanism remains undetermined . Here we show that disruption of the fifth component ( CSN5 ) prevented the formation of tumors by p53-null cells transformed with an active form of Ras in subcutaneously injected mice ....	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation" ]
1458472	We found that the human colon cancer cell line SW480 consists of two distinct subpopulations which we have designated E-type ( epithelial ) and R-type ( round ) . Pure cultures of each type were obtained by subcloning , and both have maintained their characteristic phenotypes for at least 1 year ( 40 passages ) . E-typ...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
23209436	Genomic instability drives tumorigenesis , but how it is initiated in sporadic neoplasias is unknown . In early preneoplasias , alterations at chromosome fragile sites arise due to DNA replication stress . A frequent , perhaps earliest , genetic alteration in preneoplasias is deletion within the fragile FRA3B/FHIT locu...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12457038	Estrogen affects apoptotic cell death in estrogen-responsive tissues . The purpose of the present study was to examine dynamic changes in apoptotic cell death in the anterior pituitary gland during the estrous cycle and to investigate neuroendocrine regulation of these changes in cycling female rats . Terminal deoxynuc...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "resisting cell death" ]
20094972	Epidemiological studies exploring the connection between hypertension and cancer incidence find a higher cancer mortality in hypertensive patients , particularly elevated in hypertension associated with a stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system . Primary aldosteronism , with plasma aldosterone levels be...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20064835	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) are widely distributed immunotoxic and carcinogenic environmental contaminants , known to affect macrophages . In order to identify their molecular targets in such cells , we have analyzed gene expression profile of primary human macrophages treated by the prototypical PAH benz...	[ "avoiding immune destruction", "genome instability and mutation", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
20147338	Colorectal cancer ( CRC ) arises as the consequence of progressive changes from normal epithelial cells through polyp to tumor , and thus is an useful model for studying metabolic shift . In the present study , we studied the metabolomic profiles using high analyte specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ( GC/MS ...	[ "cellular energetics" ]
22050423	Nowadays , tobacco smoking is the cause of million deaths per year , counting 31% and 6% of all cancer deaths ( affecting 18 different organs ) in middle-aged men and women , respectively . Nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco acting on neuronal nicotinic receptors ( nAChR ) . Functional nAChR , are also pres...	[]
22927549	Cancer immunoediting is the process whereby immune cells protect against cancer formation by sculpting the immunogenicity of developing tumors . Although the full process depends on innate and adaptive immunity , it remains unclear whether innate immunity alone is capable of immunoediting . To determine whether the inn...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
19590824	Ferric nitrilotriacetate ( Fe-NTA ) is a potent nephrotoxicant and a renal carcinogen that induces its effect by causing oxidative stress . The present study was undertaken to explore protective effect of silymarin , a flavonolignan from milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) , against Fe-NTA mediated renal oxidative stress...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
11929636	Inflammatory events have been associated with senile plaques , one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) . It is believed that aggregated beta-amyloid ( betaA ) proteins , which form the core of these plaques , may be responsible for triggering the inflammatory reaction . In the present study , th...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
12183074	The aim of this study was to extend our previous observations on the soy modulation of biochemical parameters in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene ( DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumors , by simultaneously investigating the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha ( ERalpha ) , estrogen receptor-beta ( ERbeta ) , progesterone re...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20377132	MG132 , as a proteasome inhibitor , can induce apoptotic cell death through formation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) . In this study , we investigated the effects of MAPK ( MEK , JNK , and p38 ) inhibitors on MG132-treated A549 lung cancer cells in relation to cell growth , cell death , ROS , and glutathione ( GSH ...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23274058	Jaceosidin , a flavonoid derived from Artemisia princeps ( Japanese mugwort ) , has been shown to inhibit the growth of several human cancer cells , However , the exact mechanism for the cytotoxic effect of jaceosidin is not completely understood . In this study , we investigated the molecular mechanism involved in the...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
1315291	5-HT1c receptors have been shown to act as protooncogenes in NIH 3T3 cells , inducing ligand-dependent focus formation . In order to assess their mitogenic and oncogenic potential in a different cell system , we transfected these receptors into CCL39 hamster fibroblasts , a well-characterized growth factor-dependent ce...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
1328987	The mouse polyomavirus encodes a tumor-suppressor gene inactivator in its large T protein and a proto-oncogene activator in its middle T protein . We have used site-directed mutagenesis to selectively inactivate the former function without affecting the latter . Two mutant viruses were constructed to encode altered lar...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
12204665	p107 Links to cyclin A/CDK2 ( cyclin-dependent kinase 2 ) and cyclin E/CDK2 that are important cell cycle regulators . However , p107 expression remains unclear in almost all kinds of human solid tumours . To clarify the expression of p107 in colorectal tumours , 22 normal mucosae , 9 hyperplastic polyps , 60 adenomas ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
22888341	Objective . The present study was performed to investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) expression , tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma . Methods . Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 tissues were orthotopically implanted into the stomach of NOD SCID mice ....	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22452442	1-Vinylcycloalkenes undergo highly regio- and enantioselective ( >98% ee ) 1,4-hydrovinylation ( HV ) when treated with ethylene ( 1 atm ) at room temperature in the presence of [ (S,S)-2,4-bis-diphenylphosphinopentane ( BDPP)]CoCl(2 ) ( 0.05 equiv ) and methylaluminoxane . The minor 1,2-HV products , seen only in 1-vi...	[]
22948179	The aberrant activation of sonic hedgehog ( SHH ) pathway contributes to initiation and progression of various malignancies . However , the roles and underlying mechanisms of SHH signaling pathway in invasion and metastasis of liver cancer have not been well understood . In this study , we found that SHH signaling was ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
20683149	The NOTCH signaling pathway plays important role in the development of multicellular organisms , as it regulates cell proliferation , survival , and differentiation . In adults , it is essential for the T- or B-lymphocyte lineage commitment . NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations both lead the activation of the NOTCH1 pathway and...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
22307313	Various endocrine disrupting chemicals ( EDCs ) are exogenous compounds found in the environment and have the potential to interfere with the endocrine system and hormonal regulation . Among EDCs , bisphenolA ( BPA ) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenol)-ethane [ methoxychlor ( MXC) ] have estrogenic activity re...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22747691	BACKGROUND The 235delC mutation of GJB2 gene is considered as a risk factor for the non-syndromic hearing loss ( NSHL ) , and a significant difference in the frequency and distribution of the 235delC mutation has been described world widely . METHODS A systematic review was performed by means of a meta-analysis to eval...	[]
22768158	While human embryonic stem cells ( hESCs ) and human embryonal carcinoma cells ( hECCs ) have been studied extensively at the levels of the genome , transcriptome , proteome and epigenome our knowledge of their corresponding metabolomes is limited . Here , we present the metabolic signatures of hESCs and hESCs obtained...	[ "cellular energetics" ]
23152853	Tumor development requires angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic therapies have been introduced in the treatment of cancer . In this context , heparan sulfate proteoglycans ( HSPGs ) emerge as interesting targets , owing to their function as co-receptors of major , pro-angiogenic factors . Accordingly , previous studies hav...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22214381	Radiation combined with chemotherapy ( neo-CRT ) is increasingly the standard of care for the treatment of esophageal cancer , either as neoadjuvant therapy in multimodal protocols or as primary therapy . Unfortunately , of patients demonstrate little or no response to neo-CRT . Accordingly , understanding the molecula...	[]
22623369	Targeting receptor tyrosine kinase ( RTK ) degradation may be an interesting approach to reduce RTK cell signaling in cancer cells . Here we show that increasing E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma ( c-Cbl ) expression using lentiviral infection decreased osteosarcoma cell replication and survival and reduce...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12124174	Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor ( uPAR ) activates alpha5beta1 integrin and ERK signaling , inducing in vivo proliferation of HEp3 human carcinoma . Here we demonstrate that EGFR mediates the uPAR/integrin/fibronectin ( FN ) induced growth pathway . Its activation is ligand-independent and does not require hig...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22981962	It is well established that aberrant production of inflammatory mediators has been associated with most the toxic manifestations and the genesis of different chronic diseases including cancer . The basic aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of soy isoflavones ( SIF ) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-ac...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
20978325	INTRODUCTION The progressive growth of malignancies is accompanied by a decline in the immune response through mechanisms which are poorly understood . Apoptosis and induction of inflammation by tumor released cytokines as tumor escape mechanisms have been proposed to play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23135359	Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor ( EG-VEGF ) has recently been identified as one of the vascular endothelial growth factors , and it is considered that the overexpression of EG-VEGF in colon cancer is related to hepatic metastasis . In this study , we report our recent novel findings of the in...	[]
23235164	Liver resection is now widely accepted as a potentially curative treatment for colorectal liver metastasis . However , the efficacy of surgical resection for gastric cancer liver metastasis(GLM)remains unclear . Based on our 18-year experience with 64 patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for GLM , we discuss the...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
21098263	Many tumors contain heterogeneous populations of cells , only some of which exhibit increased tumorigenicity and resistance to anticancer therapies . Evidence suggests that these aggressive cancer cells , often termed " cancer stem cells " or " cancer stem-like cells " ( CSCs ) , rely upon developmental signaling pathw...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12441346	Triggering tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 ( TNFR1 ) induces apoptosis in various cell lines . In contrast , stimulation of TNFR1 in L929sA leads to necrosis . Inhibition of HSP90 , a chaperone for many kinases , by geldanamycin or radicicol shifted the response of L929sA cells to TNF from necrosis to apoptosis . This...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
12239604	We showed in a previous study that soluble low-molecular-mass tumor-associated antigens ( sTAA ) promote the anti-tumor effect of the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide ( CPA ) on rat mammary carcinogenesis . In this report , we analyzed the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon . Studies were performed on the bo...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
12490541	Epidemiological data and animal models have provided evidence that nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) have an anticancer effect . However , the molecular mechanisms underlying these antineoplastic effects are not well understood . We described previously that expression levels of the chemokine receptor , CC...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
11980654	Interactions of CD70 , a tumor necrosis factor-related cell surface ligand and its receptor , CD27 , are thought to play an important role for T- , B- , and natural killer-cell activation . However , ligation of CD27 can also induce apoptosis . Human glioblastoma is paradigmatic for cancer-associated immunosuppression ...	[ "avoiding immune destruction", "resisting cell death" ]
22920668	ABSTRACT : INTRODUCTION : Retinoic acid signaling plays key roles in embryonic development and in maintaining the differentiated status of adult tissues . Recently , the nuclear retinoic acid receptor ( RAR ) isotypes α , β and γ were found to play specific functions in the expansion and differentiation of the stem com...	[]
22541785	AIM We studied expression of molecules of the vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) pathway and its relation to vascularization , cell proliferation and patient outcome in recurring non-anaplastic meningioma . We studied 29 tumor specimens of 8 patients with recurring meningiomas and of 8 age- and gender-matched ...	[ "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22773560	The concept of targeting new blood vessel formation , or angiogenesis , in tumors is an important advancement in cancer therapy , resulting , in part , from the development of such biologic agents as bevacizumab , a monoclonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF)-A . The rationale for an...	[]
22449386	The submandibular gland-derived tumor cell line SCA-9 is considered a useful tool to study the signaling pathways involved in proliferation , and their regulation , triggered by different stimuli . It is proposed that the non neuronal cholinergic system : acethylcholine , the enzymes that synthesize and degrade it , an...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20204363	Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare occurrence in patients with both primary and metastatic lung cancer . Pneumothorax occurring as a complication of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor ( VEGFR ) inhibitor therapy has not been previously described in the medical literature . Sunitinib malate is a VEGFR...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23266736	γ-Tocotrienol and sesamin are phytochemicals that display potent anticancer activity . Since sesamin inhibits the metabolic degradation of tocotrienols , studies were conducted to determine if combined treatment with sesamin potentiates the antiproliferative effects of γ-tocotrienol on neoplastic mouse ( +SA ) and huma...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22848758	22Rv1 is a common prostate cancer cell line used in xenograft mouse experiments as well as in vitro cell culture assays to study aspects of prostate cancer tumorigenesis . Recently , this cell line was shown to harbor multiple copies of a gammaretrovirus , called XMRV , integrated in its genome . While the original pro...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis", "resisting cell death" ]
21685713	Prenatal mortality is a prime concern for commercial swine industry in North America . Fetal losses occur throughout gestation but cluster in early ( and mid ( pregnancy . Adequate vascularization of the attachment site has emerged as a key factor contributing to fetal success . Since Insulin-Like Growth Factor ( IGF )...	[]
12426565	Optimal lymphocyte activation requires the simultaneous engagement of stimulatory and costimulatory receptors . Stimulatory immunoreceptors are usually composed of a ligand-binding transmembrane protein and noncovalently associated signal-transducing subunits . Here , we report that alternative splicing leads to two di...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
23129611	Blind mole rats Spalax ( BMR ) are small subterranean rodents common in the Middle East . BMR is distinguished by its adaptations to life underground , remarkable longevity ( with a maximum documented lifespan of 21 y ) , and resistance to cancer . Spontaneous tumors have never been observed in spalacids . To understan...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death" ]
23221036	The potential of cytologically reconstructed barley line D-2946 to cope with the major lesions that hamper genome integrity , namely DNA single- and double-strand breaks was investigated . Strand breaks induced by \u03b3-rays and Li ions were assessed by neutral and alkaline comet assay . Repair capacity after bleomyci...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
24009839	The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of rutaecarpine on DNA strand breaks and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) in murine Hepa-1c1c7 cells . Oxidative DNA damage was estimated by nuclear condensation assessment , fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis , and Comet assay . R...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "resisting cell death" ]
21982881	BARD1 heterodimerizes with BRCA1 , forming an E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions at nuclear foci to repair DNA damage and the centrosome to regulate mitosis . We compared BARD1 recruitment at these structures using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assays to measure YFP-BARD1 dynamics in live cells . In nuclei...	[]
22825757	Although interleukin-28A ( IL-28A ) is believed to have an antiviral effect , its role in tumor migration requires further examination . The present study was intended to verify the effect of IL-28A on the migration of UMUC-3 bladder cancer cells . IL-28A and its receptor IL-28AR1 mRNA were detected in UMUC-3 cells . A...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12494891	Tumor-associated macrophages ( TAM ) have been shown to play an important role in tumor angiogenesis . The purpose of this study was to determine whether monocyte recruitment , activation and differentiation mediated by monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) and macrophage colony stimulating factor ( M-CSF ) modulate...	[ "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22838389	BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the main cancers in the Western world . About 90% of the deaths arise from formation of distant metastasis . The expression of the newly identified gene metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 ( MACC1 ) is a prognostic indicator for colon cancer metastasis . Here , we analyzed for...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
1480469	The use of substrates containing well defined adducts at precise sites , is required to perform a careful analysis of the toxic and mutagenic potential of a lesion . As a first step in this direction the octamer 5'-d(CCGGCGGT) , containing the sequence of the codons 12 d(GGC) and 13 d(GGT) of the human H-ras gene , was...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
12622418	ZBP-89 ( ZNF148 ) is a Zinc finger Binding Protein of 89 kDa that binds GC-rich DNA elements . Originally , it was expression cloned using a DNA element mediating EGF regulation of the gastrin promoter . ZBP-89 functions as both a transcriptional activator and repressor . A variety of extracellular regulators including...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death" ]
20223881	Pilocytic astrocytoma is commonly viewed as a benign lesion . However , disease onset is most prevalent in the first two decades of life , and children are often left with residual or recurrent disease and significant morbidity . The Hedgehog ( Hh ) pathway regulates the growth of higher WHO grade gliomas , and in this...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
16078444	The immune system has an important role in tumor appearance and spreading . One of the most efficient subpopulations of cytotoxic cells in the destruction of tumors are NK cells . NK cells are activated and increase their cytotoxic potential and modulate their cytokine production after treatment with IFNgamma , IL-12 ,...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
22398780	BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor β ( ERβ ) is the predominant ER in the colorectal epithelium , whose expression is greatly reduced in colorectal cancer compared with normal colon tissue . Recent in vitro studies suggested that ERβ may suppress tumor growth . No research was reported whether ERβ can be used as therapeutic ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22970226	Despite insights into the molecular pathways regulating hypoxia-induced gene expression , it is not known which cell types accomplish oxygen sensing during neo-vasculogenesis . We have developed a humanized mouse model of endothelial and mesenchymal progenitor co-transplantation to delineate the cellular compartments r...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "resisting cell death" ]
1318401	Human papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV16 ) E6 and E7 are selectively retained and expressed in HPV16-associated human genital tumors . E6 is active in several cell culture assays , including transformation of NIH 3T3 cells , trans activation of the adenovirus E2 promoter , and cooperation with E7 to immortalize normal huma...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
23091439	It is well established that blocking the interaction of EGFR with growth factors leads to the arrest of tumor growth , resulting in tumor cell death . ER414 is a human monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) derived by guided selection of the mouse mAb A13 . The ER414 exhibited a lower affinity and , as a result , lower efficacy o...	[]
22384233	BACKGROUND Surgical procedures such as liver resection and liver transplantation are the first-line treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) patients . However , the high incidence of tumor recurrence and metastasis after liver surgery remains a major problem . Recent studies have shown that hepatic ischemia-rep...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22575896	The conserved eukaryotic DNA replication protein ORC1 is one of the constituents of pre-replication complexes that assemble at or very near origins prior to replication initiation . ORC1 has been shown to be constitutively nuclear in Leishmania major . This study investigates the sequences involved in nuclear localizat...	[]
12484548	Ionizing radiation is a potent inducer of DNA damage because it causes single- and double-strand breaks , alkali-labile sites , base damage , and crosslinks . The interest in ionizing radiation is due to its environmental and clinical implications . Single-strand breaks , which are the initial damage induced by a genot...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
22778940	Background . Over the past ten years oncological outcomes achieved by local excision techniques ( LETs ) as the sole treatment for early stages of rectal cancer ( ESRC ) have been often disappointing . The reasons for these poor results lie mostly in the high risk of the disease's diffusion to local-regional lymph node...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
23178942	Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein consisting of a catalytic subunit , the telomerase reverse transcriptase , TERT , and an integrally associated RNA , TR , which contains a template for the synthesis of short repetitive G-rich DNA sequences at the ends of telomeres . Telomerase can repetitively reverse transcribe its s...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
20333571	BACKGROUND The current staging system provides an anatomical classification of lung tumors ; its secondary purpose is to allow the prognostic stratification of patients into homogeneous groups after surgery . In this work , intratumoral perineural invasion , lymphatic and blood vessel invasion together with the necrosi...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "resisting cell death" ]
20351312	Dendritic cells ( DCs ) are key regulators of innate and acquired immunity . The maturation of DCs is directed by signal transduction events downstream of toll-like receptors ( TLRs ) and other pattern recognition receptors . Here , we demonstrate that , in mouse DCs , TLR agonists stimulate a profound metabolic transi...	[ "cellular energetics", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
12814188	The telomerase activity and the senescence profile of cultured breast fibroblasts from normal human interstitial and malignant stromal tissue were studied in comparison with their proliferation and differentiation pattern . Fibroblasts were grown either in the presence or absence of a conditioned medium ( CM ) obtained...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
12450390	Comparative mutagenesis studies of N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene ( dG-AAF ) and N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene ( dG-AF ) adducts positioned in the Nar I restriction enzyme site were performed using Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and simian kidney ( COS-7 ) cells . Oligodeoxynucleotides ( (5)(...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20574919	Recent studies have demonstrated that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) are able to suppress cell proliferation and inhibit tumor growth . The objective of our study was to investigate the influence of a high dose EPA on the development of the tumor phenotype in ataxia-telangiectasia...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12865631	Expression of angiogenic factors is upregulated in hyperplastic mucosa adjacent to colon cancer , and this upregulation is closely associated with cancer growth and metastasis . We investigated the role of histone acetylation in vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) expression in hyperplastic mucosa adjacent to o...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20812004	Maintaining the integrity of the cell cycle is critical for ensuring that cells only undergo DNA replication and proliferation under controlled conditions in response to discrete stimuli . One mechanism by which the fidelity of this process is guaranteed is through the activation of cell cycle checkpoints . The mitotic...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12383904	BACKGROUND Intracystic papillary carcinoma ( IPC ) of the breast is a rare form of noninvasive breast cancer . An appreciation of associated pathology with IPC may be critical in surgical decision-making . METHODS The medical records of all patients with IPC treated between 1985 and 2001 were retrospectively reviewed ....	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
11980647	Prostate cancer ( PCA ) is the most common histological malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among North American men . There has been considerable interest in the chemopreventative properties of selenium . In this study , we assessed whether selenium inhibits cell growth and associated cell cycle r...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20179302	Previous studies with selenium and/or vitamin E in prostate carcinogenesis animal models have been negative , but these models may not involve oxidative stress mechanisms . In this study , we examined the potential of selenomethionine and alpha-tocopherol to modulate prostate cancer development in the testosterone plus...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
1373811	Human diploid fibroblasts have a limited life span in vitro , and spontaneous immortalization is an extremely rare event . We have used transformation of human diploid fibroblasts by an origin-defective simian virus 40 genome to develop series of genetically matched immortal cell lines to analyze immortalization . Comp...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
22307089	Atherosclerosis ( As ) is now widely appreciated to represent a chronic inflammatory reaction of the vascular wall in response to dyslipidemia and endothelial distress involving the inflammatory recruitment of leukocytes and the activation of resident vascular cells . MicroRNAs ( miRNAs ) are a group of endogenous , sm...	[]
22484629	Doxorubicin ( DOX ) is one of the most powerful and widely prescribed chemotherapeutic agents to treat divergent human cancers . However , the clinical use of DOX is restricted due to its severe cardiotoxic side-effects . There has been ongoing search for cardioprotectants against DOX toxicity . Inorganic nitrate has e...	[]
19556603	Hexavalent chromium ( Cr(VI) ) compounds are known human carcinogens associated with the incidence of lung cancer . Although a direct correlation between Cr(VI) exposure and lung cancer has been established , several studies aimed at generating animal models for Cr(VI) have yielded inconsistent data that do not affirma...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death" ]
22821546	Semaphorin 5A , a member of semaphorin family , was originally identified as axonal guidance factor functioning during neuronal development . Previously , we showed that the expression of semaphorin 5A might contribute to the metastasis of gastric cancer . However , its functional roles and mechanism(s) in invasion and...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23254306	Lowering the threshold of cellular senescence , the process employed by cells to thwart abnormal cell proliferation , though inhibition of CDK2 or Skp2 ( regulator of CDK inhibitors ) has been recently suggested as a potential avenue for cancer treatment . In this study , we employ a published mathematical model of G1/...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "evading growth suppressors", "genome instability and mutation" ]
22728792	An accidental exposure of six workers to ethylene oxide ( EO ) provided the rationale for a biomonitoring and follow-up study , whose aim was to analyse protein adduct kinetics and examine the differentiation between accidental and environmental exposure , e.g. , from tobacco smoke . For this purpose , the decrease in ...	[]
12484029	We investigated the effectiveness of continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion ( CHPP ) for the peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer . A total 124 patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled in this study . Prophylactic CHPP ( P-CHPP ) was performed in 45 patients who had macroscopic serosal invasion w...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
23289018	Filamin-A cross-links actin filaments into dynamic orthogonal networks , and interacts with an array of proteins of diverse cellular functions . Because several filamin-A interaction partners are implicated in signaling of cell mobility regulation , we tested the hypothesis that filamin-A plays a role in cancer metasta...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
22843031	Metformin , one of the most widely used antidiabetic drugs , has recently been associated with potential antitumorigenic effects . In this study , we evaluated the possible cytotoxic impact of combined low doses of metformin and ionizing radiation ( IR ) on 2human hepatoma cell lines . The cytotoxic effect of metformin...	[]
23249693	ABSTRACT : BACKGROUND : Chemokine receptor CXCR4 , together with its ligand CXCL12 , plays critical roles in cancer progression , including growth , metastasis and angiogenesis . Ewing sarcoma is a sarcoma with poor prognosis despite current therapies , particularly for patients with advanced-stage disease . Lungs and ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
20378992	The development and progression of esophageal cancer is associated with multiple alterations in the genome , including loss of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from the chromosome 10 ( PTEN ) gene . The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of adenovirus-mediated MMAC/PTEN expres...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23264896	Inflammation is a major risk factor for carcinogenesis in patients affected by chronic colitis , yet the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression from chronic inflammation to cancer are not completely understood . Activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4)-NFκB signaling axis is associated with inflammation ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23245650	Tumor cells exhibit enhanced glucose consumption and lactate production even when supplied with adequate oxygen ( a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect , or aerobic glycolysis ) . Pharmacological inhibition of aerobic glycolysis represents a potential tumor-selective approach that targets the metabolic differences b...	[ "cellular energetics" ]
22992618	Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for the development of colon cancer , providing genotoxic insults , growth and pro-angiogenic factors that can promote tumorigenesis and tumor growth . Immunomodulatory agents can interfere with the inflammation that feeds cancer , but their impact on the transformed cell is poorly...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23177934	Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells provides energy and multiple intermediates critical for cell growth . Hypoxia in tumors represents a hostile environment that can encourage these transformations . We report that glycogen metabolism is upregulated in tumors invivo and in cancer cells invitro in response to hypoxi...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
20876804	Aberrant expression and polymorphism of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 ( FGFR4 ) has been linked to tumor progression and anticancer drug resistance . We describe here a novel mechanism of tumor progression by matrix degradation involving epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in response to membrane-type 1 matrix m...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.