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train · 1.3k rows

id string	text string	labels list
23281044	Aurora kinases play an essential role in mitotic progression and are potentially druggable targets in cancer therapy . We identified benzo[e]pyridoindoles ( BePI ) as powerful aurora kinase inhibitors . Their efficiency was demonstrated both in enzymatic inhibition studies and in cell culture assays . New BePI molecule...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23482850	Transforming growth factor beta ( TGF-β ) signaling has been implicated in driving tumor progression and metastasis by inducing stem cell-like features in some human cancer cell lines . In this study , we have utilized a novel murine cell line NMuMG-ST , which acquired cancer stem cell ( CSC ) phenotypes during spontan...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "resisting cell death" ]
23287468	Induced pluripotent stem ( iPS ) cells share some basic properties , such as self-renewal and pluripotency , with cancer cells , and they also appear to share several metabolic alterations that are commonly observed in human tumors . The cancer cells ' glycolytic phenotype , first reported by Otto Warburg , is necessar...	[ "cellular energetics" ]
23285263	Lung cancers express the cholinergic autocrine loop , which facilitates the progression of cancer cells . The antagonists of mAChRs have been demonstrated to depress the growth of small cell lung cancers ( SCLCs ) . In this study we intended to investigate the growth inhibitory effect of R2HBJJ , a novel muscarinic ant...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12814189	Contradictory results have been reported regarding the association between vascularity ( used as an index of angiogenesis ) and thrombospondin-1 ( TSP-1 ) in human tumours . In previous studies , the reported association was based on the estimated average TSP-1 value per tumour , with a sufficient number of specimens c...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22284893	The NF-kB family of transcription factors regulates important biological functions including cell growth , survival and the immune response . We found that Human Papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV-16 ) E7 and E6/E7 proteins inhibited basal and TNF-alpha-inducible NF-kB activity in human epithelial cells cultured from the cer...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
23161172	Olfactomedin 4 ( OLFM4 ) is highly expressed in gastrointestinal cancers and has an anti-apoptotic function . The roles of OLFM4 in tumor growth and metastasis and how it functions in these processes remain elusive . We investigated the function of OLFM4 in tumor growth and metastasis using B16F10 mouse melanoma cells ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
15119525	Contrary to the paradigm that cancer incidence increases indefinitely with age , significant data now suggest cancer incidence may markedly reduce beyond age 80 years for humans and beyond 800 days for mice , and is not inevitable . We show that increasing cellular senescence with age is a possible cause of this reduct...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation" ]
22577350	Surgery is the most effective therapy for cancer in the United States , but disease still recurs in more than 40% of patients within 5 years after resection . Chemotherapy is given postoperatively to prevent relapses ; however , this approach has had marginal success . After surgery , recurrent tumors depend on rapid n...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
20464641	Oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ) is the most common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region . The mechanism of carcinogenesis of OSCC is still unclear . Based on the previous cell line , HIOEC-B(a)P-96 ( HB96 ) , which we obtained by HPV16 E6/E7-immortalized human oral epithelial cells ( HIOEC ) and b...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
20569502	INTRODUCTION Tamoxifen is the most widely prescribed anti-estrogen treatment for patients with estrogen receptor ( ER)-positive breast cancer . However , there is still a need for biomarkers that reliably predict endocrine sensitivity in breast cancers and these may well be expressed in a dynamic manner . METHODS In th...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22454142	Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors ( MPNSTs ) are sarcomas able to grow under conditions of metabolic stress caused by insufficient nutrients or oxygen . Both pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide ( PACAP ) and activity-dependent neuroprotective protein ( ADNP ) have glioprotective potential . Howeve...	[]
20975834	PTEN , a phosphoinositide-3-phosphatase , serves dual roles as a tumor suppressor and regulator of cellular anabolic/catabolic metabolism . Adaptation of a redox-sensitive cysteinyl thiol in PTEN for signal transduction by hydrogen peroxide may have superimposed a vulnerability to other mediators of oxidative stress an...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
22765880	Previously , stereoselective hydroxylation of \u03b1-ionone by Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants M01 A82W and M11 L437N was observed . While both mutants hydroxylate \u03b1-ionone in a regioselective manner at the C3 position , M01 A82W catalyzes formation of trans-3-OH-\u03b1-ionone products whereas M11 L437N exhibits oppos...	[]
20927103	Reciprocity of inflammation , oxidative stress and neovascularization is emerging as an important mechanism underlying numerous processes from tissue healing and remodelling to cancer progression . Whereas the mechanism of hypoxia-driven angiogenesis is well understood , the link between inflammation-induced oxidation ...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23379414	UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Cell lines are very useful for clinical and basic research . Thus far , only 11 reports have documented the characteristics of ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma cell lines in the literature . Due to the scarcity of information , the establishment of an ovarian malignant tumor cell line with dist...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
20211058	OBJECTIVE To study the effects of genistein on the proliferation , apoptosis induction and expression of related gene proteins of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo , and its mechanisms of action . METHODS MTT colorimetric assay was used to detect the effects of genistein on the proliferation of human colon ...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "inducing angiogenesis", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20110254	We have developed fluorescent probes for the detection of strand scission in the excision repair of oxidatively damaged bases . They were hairpin-shaped oligonucleotides , each containing an isomer of thymine glycol or 5,6-dihydrothymine as a damaged base in the center , with a fluorophore and a quencher at the 5'- and...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
23123564	Molecular mechanisms involved in progression of clear-cell renal-cell carcinomas ( ccRCCs ) are poorly understood . A common genetic mutation found in ccRCC is the loss of the von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL ) gene , which contributes to cancer progression and metastasis . We investigated VIP effects on metastatic and angiogen...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
22086203	Lanthanide(III) complexes [ Ln(pyphen)(acac)(2)(NO(3)) ] ( 1 , 2 ) , [ Ln(pydppz)(acac)(2)(NO(3)) ] ( 3 , 4 ) and [ La(pydppz)(anacac)(2)(NO(3)) ] ( 5 ) , where Ln is La(III) ( in 1 , 3 , 5 ) and Gd(III) ( in 2 , 4 ) , pyphen is 6-(2-pyridyl)-1,10-phenanthroline , pydppz is 6-(2-pyridyl)-dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazin...	[]
23226527	In recent years , microfluidic systems have been used to study fundamental aspects of angiogenesis through the patterning of single-layered , linear or geometric vascular channels . In vivo , however , capillaries exist in complex , three-dimensional ( 3D ) networks , and angiogenic sprouting occurs with a degree of un...	[]
22895184	Osteopetrosis , a disorder of skeletal bone , can cause death during childhood . We previously described a new spontaneous autosomal recessive osteopetrosis mouse mutant , " new toothless " ( ntl ) . In this study , we reported for the first time the identification , cloning and characterization of the coiled-coil doma...	[]
22882626	Plant lectins , carbohydrate-binding proteins of non-immune origin , have recently been reported to induce programmed cell death ( including apoptosis and autophagy ) in many types of cancer cells . MicroRNAs ( miRNAs ) , small , non-coding endogenous RNAs , nucleotides ( nt ) in length , have been well characterized t...	[]
12536240	Natural killer ( NK ) and CD56(+) T cells are thought to play a central role in antitumour immunity . Their cytolytic activities are controlled by a variety of receptors including CD94 and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors ( KIR ) , which bind to major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) class I molecules on target c...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
20923189	The aim of this study was to determine whether isorhamnetin , an immediate 3'-O-methylated metabolite of quercetin , affects proliferation , cell death , and the cell cycle of human colon carcinoma ( HCT-116 ) cells . Isorhamnetin was found to be a potent antiproliferative agent in a dose- and time-dependent manner , w...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22791146	Lentinula edodes mycelia ( L.E.M. ) is a dried powder extracted from shiitake mushrooms ( Lentinula edodes ) . We previously demonstrated that it has immunomodulatory effects . In this paper , the direct cytotoxic effects of the polysaccharide-rich fraction of L.E.M . ( L.E.M. ethanol precipitate ; LEP ) on HepG2 human...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
12511053	Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) may trigger apoptosis or necrosis in cancer cells . Several steps in the induction and execution of apoptosis require high amounts of adenosine-5'-triphosphate ( ATP ) . Because the mitochondrial membrane potential ( delta psi ) decreases early in apoptosis , we raised the question about th...	[ "cellular energetics", "resisting cell death" ]
21850397	The type I insulin-like growth factor receptor ( IGF1R ) contributes to cancer cell biology . Disruption of IGF1R signaling alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy . Our laboratory has shown that sequential treatment with doxorubicin ( DOX ) and anti-IGF1R antibodies sign...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
1295379	FCE 23762 ( 3 ' desamino-3'[2(s)methoxyl-4-morpholinyl]doxorubicin ) is a new doxorubicin ( Dx ) derivative that has been selected for clinical testing for its favourable antitumor characteristics , which include efficacy on Dx-resistant tumors . Immunosuppression is an undesirable side-effect of anti-cancer chemothera...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
23266555	Members of the Orai family are highly selective calcium ion channels that play an important role in store-operated calcium entry . Among the three known Orai isoforms , Orai3 has gained increased attention , notably for its emerging role in cancer . We recently demonstrated that Orai3 channels are over-expressed in bre...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20111042	It is commonly believed that neurons remain in G(0) phase of the cell cycle indefinitely . Cell-cycle re-entry , however , is known to contribute to neuronal apoptosis . Moreover , recent evidence demonstrates the expression of cell-cycle proteins in differentiated neurons under physiological conditions . The functiona...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
1460013	Peptide 11 , CDPGYIGSR-NH2 , is a segment of laminin which blocks tumor cell invasion . A high affinity laminin receptor in tumor cells is thought to be blocked by the carboxyl-terminal YIGSR , and conformational energy calculations suggest that the glycine in YIGSR allows an important conformational bend . We replaced...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
23219618	The mechanisms by which hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ( HSC and HPC ) from myelodysplastic syndromes ( MDS ) undergo ineffective production of blood cells and disease transformation into acute myeloid leukemia remain to be investigated . It has been confirmed that increased production of reactive oxygen speci...	[ "avoiding immune destruction", "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
22550599	Even when patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer undergo surgical resection at an early stage , recurrent disease often impairs the clinical outcome . There are numerous causes potentially responsible for a relapse of the disease , one of them being extensive angiogenesis . The balance of at least two systems , VEGF V...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis" ]
23255113	Aurora A kinase has drawn considerable attention as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy . However , the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of the anticancer effects of Aurora A kinase inhibition are still not fully understood . Herein , we show that depletion of Aurora A kinase by RNA interference ( RNAi ...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22876119	PURPOSE To characterize the clinical features of a Chinese Uygur pedigree with primary open-angle glaucoma ( POAG ) and to identify mutations in two candidate genes , trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid response ( MYOC/TIGR ) and human dioxin-inducible cytochrome P450 ( CYP1B1 ) . METHODS Twenty one members fr...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
1480490	We have exploited properties of photosensitizers to study an aspect of the packing of chromatin in the cell nucleus . The fluorescent photosensitizers mesotetra(3-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin and Photofrin II were both localized in the nuclear membrane and other membrane structures , but could not be found inside the nucle...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20352345	We have investigated the possibility that photoexcited titanium dioxide ( TiO2 ) could inhibit the growth of malignant cells . We studied the anti-glioma effects of nano-TiO2 excited with ultraviolet A ( UVA ) irradiation both in vitro and in vivo . Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that glioma cells take u...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
22692904	The secretin receptor ( SR ) , a G protein-coupled receptor , mediates the effects of the gastrointestinal hormone secretin on digestion and water homeostasis . Recently , high SR expression has been observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas , cholangiocellular carcinomas , gastrinomas , and bronchopulmonary carcin...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23257665	Acute leukemia is a disorder of the hematopoietic system characterized by the expansion of a clonal population of cells blocked from differentiating into mature cells . Recent studies have shown that chalcones and their derivatives induce apoptosis in different cell lines . Since new compounds with biological activity ...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23285288	DNA repair is an essential cellular process required to maintain genomic stability . Every cell is subjected to thousands of DNA lesions daily under normal physiological conditions . Ionizing radiation ( IR ) is a major DNA damaging agent that can be produced by both natural and man-made sources . A common source of ra...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20681405	A novel compound 2-arylidene-4,7-dimethyl indan-1-one synthesized was screened for anticancer effect against the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line , MCF-7 . An IC50 value of > or = 80 microM , nontoxic to the normal breast cell line HBL-100 , showed complete inhibition of the MCF-7 cells . Analysis of mechanisms sh...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23232078	Adipose tissue growth and development are thought to be associated with angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling . Because ginseng has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) activity , we hypothesized that adipose tissue growth and obesity can be regulated by Korean ginseng ( Pa...	[ "inducing angiogenesis" ]
21030559	Levels of regulatory T cells ( Tregs ) are increased in different cancer types as well as in inflammatory diseases , such as rheumatoid arthritis . Treg accumulation may result from aberrant proliferation and trafficking as well as greater resilience to oxidative stress compared with conventional T cells . This enhance...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
21152298	Lewis y ( LeY ) antigen is a difucosylated oligosaccharide carried by glycoconjugates on the cell surface . Overexpression of LeY is frequently observed in epithelial-derived cancers and has been correlated to the pathological staging and prognosis . However , the effects of LeY on ovarian cancer are not yet clear . Pr...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22564725	Cyclin E2 , but not cyclin E1 , is included in several gene signatures that predict disease progression in either tamoxifen-resistant or metastatic breast cancer . We therefore examined the role of cyclin E2 in antiestrogen resistance in vitro and its potential for therapeutic targeting through cyclin-dependent kinase ...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20223503	OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of the category of unclassified renal cell carcinoma ( URCC ) on survival following nephrectomy . METHODS Patients with clear cell RCC ( ccRCC , n = 3048 ) and URCC ( n = 38 ) were identified . Patients with URCC were matched 4:1 with ccRCC patients based on year of surgery , symptoms ...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23229497	SCOPE Glyceollins are a novel class of soybean phytoalexins with potential cancer-preventive and antiestrogenic effects . The angiogenic cascade during tumor development consists of the release of angiogenic factors and binding of angiogenic factors to receptors on endothelial cells to activate downstream signaling pat...	[ "inducing angiogenesis" ]
12430006	We studied whether feeding pregnant female rats different high fat diets affects structural zones in the spleen and lymph nodes , involved in production of T and B cells , as well as cell kinetics and apoptosis in some offspring with mammary glands tumors . Rat mothers were fed either a 7% or 15% corn-oil or a 7% or 15...	[ "avoiding immune destruction", "resisting cell death" ]
20423312	Among several types of DNA lesions , the DNA double strand breaks ( DSBs ) are one of the most deleterious and harmful . Mammalian cells mount a coordinated response to DSBs with the aim of appropriately repair the DNA damage . Indeed , failure of the DNA damage response ( DDR ) can lead to the development of cancer-pr...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
22842569	Gene trapping is a method of inserting DNA into the genome at random , generating insertional mutations throughout the genome . The efficiency of retroviral gene trapping is not sufficient in part because of a strong preference for retroviral integration near transcription start sites . In contrast , lentiviral vectors...	[]
22790975	Myotonia congenita-inducing mutations in the muscle chloride channel CLC-1 normally result in reduced open probability ( P ( o) ) of this channel . One well-accepted mechanism of the dominant inheritance of this disease involves a dominant-negative effect of the mutation on the function of the common-gate of this homod...	[]
22707516	OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) is a highly vascularized tumor in which neoangiogenesis contributes to growth and metastasis . We assessed the safety , efficacy , and potential biomarkers of activity of bevacizumab in patients with advanced HCC . METHODS In this phase II trial , eligible patients received be...	[ "inducing angiogenesis" ]
22347511	Induced pluripotent stem cells ( iPSCs ) generated by epigenetic reprogramming of personal somatic cells have limited therapeutic capacity for patients suffering from genetic disorders . Here we demonstrate restoration of a genomic mutation heterozygous for Pkd1 ( polycystic kidney disease 1 ) deletion ( Pkd1(+/-) to P...	[]
23161498	An epidemiological survey was conducted in the Seine estuary and in two smaller and relatively preserved estuaries on the French Atlantic coast in order to estimate the occurrence of liver lesions in European flounder , Platichthys flesus , and also to seek putative risk factors for the recorded pathologies . Four hund...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23121427	The most potent tumorigen identified among the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAH ) is the nonplanar fjord region dibenzo[a,l]pyrene ( DB[a,l]P ) . It is metabolically activated in vivo through the widely studied diol epoxide ( DE ) pathway to form covalent adducts with DNA bases , predominantly guanine and adenine...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
1355514	Three normal human diploid cell strains were transfected with an activated Ha-ras oncogene ( EJ ras ) or SV40 T-antigen . Multiple clones were examined for morphological alterations , growth requirements , ability to grow under anchorage independent conditions , immortality and tumorigenicity in nude mice . Clones expr...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation" ]
21947619	Genetic and molecular analyses mainly in Arabidopsis and in some other plants have demonstrated involvement of light signaling in cell cycle regulation . In this report , we show light-mediated activation of the promoter of AtPol\u03bb gene , a homolog of mammalian DNA polymerase \u03bb in Arabidopsis thaliana and an i...	[]
23108141	Dose-dense ( DD ) regimens of combination chemotherapy may produce superior clinical outcomes , but the basis for these effects are not completely clear . In this study , we assessed whether a DD combinatorial regimen of low-dose cisplatin and paclitaxel produces superior immune-mediated efficacy when compared with a m...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
23247530	In this study , laboratory experiments were carried out in order to come to a better understanding of the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) in the marine environment and especially on their bioaccumulation , biotransformation and genotoxic effects in fish . Juveniles of turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) w...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
22814321	Muir-Torre syndrome ( MTS ) , a phenotypic variant of the more common hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome , or Lynch syndrome , is an autosomal dominantly inherited condition that combines at least one cutaneous sebaceous neoplasm and at least one visceral malignancy . Most patients ( with MTS carry muta...	[]
12244187	The immune system of vertebrates is able to detect bacterial DNA based on the presence of unmethylated CpG motifs . We examined the therapeutic potential of oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs ( CpG ODN ) in a colon carcinoma model in BALB/c mice . Tumors were induced by s.c. injection of syngeneic C26 cells or Renca...	[ "avoiding immune destruction" ]
23128449	Glioblastoma multiforme ( GBM ) and oxidative stress are closely linked . Oxidative stress affects many signaling pathways and may cause the induction of autophagy . The NF-E2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 ( Keap1 ) signaling pathway is the main pathway responsible for cell defense agains...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23285698	Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in elderly men worldwide and its incidence rate is rising continuously . Agents capable of inducing apoptosis in prostate cancer cells seem a promising approach to treat this malignancy . In this study we describe the synthesis of a number of novel N- and N,N'-substitute...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
20975318	BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated whether the anticancer drug Ukrain ( UK ) is able to modulate the expression of some of the key markers of tumor progression in pancreatic cell carcinoma , in order to assess its potential therapeutic effect . METHODS Three cell lines ( HPAF-II , PL45 , HPAC ) were treated with UK ( 5 , ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "evading growth suppressors" ]
12636098	Purpose of this work was to synthesize several cis-/trans- isomer pairs of the platinum(II) complexes , and study the extent and the mode of their antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells . Six platinum(II) isomer pairs have a general formula cis-/trans-[PtA2X2] , where A is ligand : ammonia ( NH3 ) , pyridine ( Py ) ;...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
12239968	BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic mucosal resection and laparoscopic wedge resection have become more common in the treatment of early gastric cancer . However , lymph node metastasis is a major poor prognostic factor influencing tumor recurrence and survival . To predict the risk of lymph node metastasis in early gastric can...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
23484085	Systemic oxidative stress is associated with a wide range of pathological conditions . Oxidative DNA damage is frequently measured in circulating lymphocytes . Mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) is known to be more sensitive to oxidative damage than nuclear DNA but is rarely used for direct measurement of DNA damage in clinic...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
20930550	Autophagy is one of the survival processes of cancer cells , especially in stressful conditions such as starvation , hypoxia and chemotherapeutic agents . However , its roles in tumor survival have not yet been fully elucidated . Here , we found for the first time that JAK2/STAT3 was activated in HeLa cells when they w...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
1431095	Apoptosis , programmed cell death , was previously shown to be induced by the mAb anti-APO-1 ( IgG3 , kappa ) by binding to the APO-1 cell surface Ag , a new member of the nerve growth factor/TNF receptor superfamily . To investigate the role of the Ig H chain Fc regions we compared induction of apoptosis by the origin...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23082676	A metaphase chromosome analysis method was used to evaluate the mutagenic activity of volatile petroleum fractions in chronically intoxicated rats . The findings indicate that chronic inhalation exposure of the rats to volatile petroleum fractions at different concentrations results in a significant ( 2.5-fold ) increa...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
23342249	Epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) is a critical process providing tumor cells with the ability to migrate and escape from the primary tumor and metastasize to distant sites . Recently , EMT was shown to be associated with the cancer stem cell ( CSC ) phenotype in breast cancer . Snail is a transcription factor ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
21058192	Numerous scientific studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and an array of medical conditions , including cancer , and yet the direct effect of commercially brewed coffee on cancer cells has not been evaluated . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferation effect of 4 diffe...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23157744	OBJECTIVE To investigate the mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) in tumor tissue and pleural effusion in advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) patients , and to analyze the relationship between EGFR mutations and the clinicopathologic characteristics . METHODS Two-hundred and forty-one cases ...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20391138	Bulky DNA adducts are considered a potential biomarker of cancer risk . In this study , the association between various lifestyle , environmental , and genetic factors and the levels of bulky DNA adducts in peripheral leukocytes was examined in a study group nested within a population-based prospective Danish cohort . ...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20926896	BACKGROUND Apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 ( ASPP ) family members can stimulate the apoptotic function of p53 but have no impact on its cell cycle arrest function . MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression pattern of the ASPP family consisting of ASPP1 , ASPP2 , and iASPP was examined by immunohistochemistry in 45 for...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis" ]
12227504	A cell line designated HUUCLEC was established from a human uterine cervical lymphoepithelial carcinoma obtained from a 61-year-old Japanese woman . The cell line has grown slowly without interruption and serial passages were successively carried out 60 times within 3 years . The cultured cells were spindle or round in...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "genome instability and mutation" ]
20210607	Although the immunomodulatory effects of many herbs have been extensively studied , research related to possible immunomodulatory effects of various spices is relatively scarce . Here , the potential immunomodulatory effects of black pepper and cardamom are investigated . Our data show that black pepper and cardamom aq...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
22285130	High-grade gliomas ( HGG ) , are the most common aggressive brain tumours in adults . Inhibitors targeting growth factor signalling pathways in glioma have shown a low clinical response rate . To accurately evaluate response to targeted therapies further in vitro studies are necessary . Growth factor pathway expression...	[ "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23264205	BACKGROUND : CD81 is a transmembrane protein that serves as a putative receptor for hepatitis C virus . In addition , CD81 has been suggested to be involved in a broad range of other cellular functions . Its putative implication in tumorigenesis has so far , however , remained largely unexplored . To assess the candida...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
21098705	Osteoblastic bone metastases are the most common metastases produced by human prostate cancers ( PCa ) . Deregulated activity of Wnt growth factors resulting from overexpression of the Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1 ( DKK-1 ) is known to contribute to formation of the osteoblastic component of PCa skeletal bone metastases . ...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
19802014	Earlier studies indicated that density-arrested cancer cells released an unidentified growth inhibitor whose secretion was prevented by overexpression of the lysosomal protease cathepsin D ( cath D ) . In this study , this growth inhibitor was purified by affinity chromatography and identified as the heat shock cognate...	[ "evading growth suppressors" ]
23026853	Tumor cells trigger angiogenesis through overexpression of various angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and angiopoietin 1 ( Ang1 ) . Therefore , inhibition of the expression of both VEGF and Ang1 , the initial step of tumor angiogenesis , is a promising strategy for cancer chemoprev...	[ "inducing angiogenesis", "resisting cell death", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
22618884	Breast cancer consists in a chronic inflammatory disease with multiple biological and clinical behaviors . Based on high throughput technologies data , this disease is currently classified according to the molecular expression of estrogen ( ER ) , progesterone ( PR ) and human epidermal growth factor ( HER-2 ) receptor...	[ "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23249948	The activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 ( DNMT1 ) is associated with diverse biological activities , including cell proliferation , senescence and cancer development . Here , we demonstrated that the HMG box-containing protein 1 ( HBP1 ) transcription factor is a new repressor of DNMT1 in a complex mechanism during sen...	[ "enabling replicative immortality" ]
12441195	We report the formation , detection , quantitation and structural characterization of products resulting from the adduction of deoxynucleosides ( deoxyadenosine , deoxyguanosine , deoxycytidine and 5-methyldeoxycytidine ) to the catechol estrogens ( CE ) of estrone , estradiol-17beta and estradiol-17 alpha . The crude ...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
20092964	PURPOSE Radiation therapy appears to kill cells mainly by inducing DNA double-strand breaks . We investigated whether the DNA repair gene expression status might influence the risk of locoregional recurrence ( LRR ) in breast cancer patients . METHODS AND MATERIALS We used a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR-based...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
21917986	We recently isolated an exon-4-deleted epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) variant , termed de4 EGFR . Because the extracellular domain alteration of receptors often influences the antitumor effect of therapeutic antibodies , it is essential to test the sensitivity of de4 EGFR(+) tumors to anti-EGFR antibodies . ...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "inducing angiogenesis", "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
22275235	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of composite wound dressing films made of silk fibroin ( SF ) containing hydroxyapatite ( HA ) or polarized HA ( pHA ) powders on endothelial cell ( EC ) behaviors that have important roles in the wound-healing process . XRD revealed the SF films to be semicrystalli...	[]
20559452	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer with a greater than 95% mortality rate and short survival after diagnosis . Chemotherapeutic resistance hinders successful treatment . This resistance is often associated with mutations in codon 12 of the K-Ras gene ( K-Ras 12 ) , which is present in over 90% of all pan...	[ "resisting cell death" ]
23028344	Metastasis is a complex process utilizing both tumor-cell-autonomous properties and host-derived factors , including cellular immunity . We have previously shown that germline polymorphisms can modify tumor cell metastatic capabilities through cell-autonomous mechanisms . However , how metastasis susceptibility genes i...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "avoiding immune destruction" ]
1313584	The " high-risk " human papillomavirus types 16 ( HPV-16 ) and 18 ( HPV-18 ) have been etiologically implicated in the majority of human cervical carcinomas . In these cancers , the viral DNAs are often integrated into the host genome so that expression of the E1 and the E2 genes is lost , suggesting that disruption of...	[ "enabling replicative immortality", "genome instability and mutation" ]
12481036	Approximately 10% of the U.S. population ingests <50% of the current recommended daily allowance for zinc . We investigate the effect of zinc deficiency on DNA damage , expression of DNA-repair enzymes , and downstream signaling events in a cell-culture model . Low zinc inhibited cell growth of rat glioma C6 cells and ...	[ "genome instability and mutation", "tumor promoting inflammation" ]
23007558	Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) is the most common primary malignant tumor that accounts for of all liver cancer cases worldwide . It is a multifactorial disease caused by a variety of risk factors and often develops in the background of underlying cirrhosis . A number of cellular phenomena , such as tumor microenviro...	[]
22873102	OBJECTIVES To investigate the expression of TLR-4 ( toll-like receptor ) on human cervical cancer and find the biological function of the TLR-4 signal system . METHODS The immunohistochemistry method was performed to study the protein expression and distribution of TLR-4 . The viability of HeLa cells was determined by ...	[ "resisting cell death", "sustaining proliferative signaling" ]
23143110	Eukaryotic High-Mobility Group B ( HMGB ) proteins alter DNA elasticity while facilitating transcription , replication and DNA repair . We developed a new single-molecule method to probe non-specific DNA interactions for two HMGB homologs : the human HMGB2 box A domain and yeast Nhp6Ap , along with chimeric mutants rep...	[]
20957523	SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 ( SMYD3 ) is a histone methyltransferase that plays an important role in transcriptional regulation in human carcinogenesis . It can specifically methylate histone H3 at lysine 4 and activate the transcription of a set of downstream genes , including several oncogenes ( e.g. , N...	[ "evading growth suppressors", "resisting cell death" ]
22837015	BACKGROUND Knowledge of gene expression kinetics around neuronal cell birth is required to dissect mechanisms underlying progenitor fate . Here , we timed cell cycle and neuronal protein silencing/induction during cell birth in the developing murine retina . RESULTS The pan-cell cycle markers Pcna and Mcm6 were present...	[]
23180966	BACKGROUND Phosphorylation of the H2AX histone is an early indicator of DNA double-strand breaks and of the resulting DNA damage response . In the present study , we assessed the expression and prognostic significance of \u03b3-H2AX in a cohort of 96 patients with operable non-small cell lung carcinoma . METHODS Ninety...	[ "genome instability and mutation" ]
21076414	Metastatic cancer cells typically fail to halt migration on contact with non-cancer cells . This invasiveness is in contrast to normal mesenchymal cells that retract on contact with another cell . Why cancer cells are defective in contact inhibition of locomotion is not understood . Here , we analyse the dynamics of pr...	[ "activating invasion and metastasis", "evading growth suppressors" ]

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