id float64 706 1.8k | title stringlengths 1 343 | abstract stringlengths 6 6.09k | categories stringlengths 5 125 | processed_abstract stringlengths 2 5.96k | tokenized_abstract stringlengths 8 8.74k | centroid stringlengths 2.1k 2.17k |
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709.1835 | Quantitative 3w-Scanning Thermal Microscopy: Modelling the AC/DC
coupling and the sample heat conduction | A way to increase the Scanning Thermal Microscope (SThM) sensitivity in the
harmonic 3w mode is to heat the probe with an AC current sufficiently high to
generate a coupling between the AC and the DC signals. We detail in this paper
how to properly take into account this coupling with a Wollaston-probe SThM. We
also show how to link correctly the thermal conductivity to the thermal
conductance measured by the SThM.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a way to increase the scanning thermal microscope sthm sensitivity in the harmonic 3w mode is to heat the probe with an ac current sufficiently high to generate a coupling between the ac and the dc signals we detail in this paper how to properly take into account this coupling with a wollastonprobe sthm we also show how to link correctly the thermal conductivity to the thermal conductance measured by the sthm | [['a', 'way', 'to', 'increase', 'the', 'scanning', 'thermal', 'microscope', 'sthm', 'sensitivity', 'in', 'the', 'harmonic', '3w', 'mode', 'is', 'to', 'heat', 'the', 'probe', 'with', 'an', 'ac', 'current', 'sufficiently', 'high', 'to', 'generate', 'a', 'coupling', 'between', 'the', 'ac', 'and', 'the', 'dc', 'signals', 'we', 'detail', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'how', 'to', 'properly', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'this', 'coupling', 'with', 'a', 'wollastonprobe', 'sthm', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'link', 'correctly', 'the', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'to', 'the', 'thermal', 'conductance', 'measured', 'by', 'the', 'sthm']] | [-0.09541824732211904, 0.1427804682927262, -0.08806401459683835, -0.026765662502877836, -0.06916457976044064, -0.13323183911918124, 0.0910409095149461, 0.3913890715740936, -0.32256346164454874, -0.318852233267586, 0.03862526002471191, -0.30504240503232977, -0.11623763564554318, 0.20831935879656335, -0.0366871917069378, 0.020236507661535705, -0.008101147573283861, -0.031125680471337597, 0.012778458474072772, -0.19627070085893214, 0.23889880897608443, 0.10252662537567003, 0.3159466923647363, 0.140672471026667, 0.08417508332386718, -0.015309714797464475, 0.0584287652811429, 0.10174829006509882, -0.14117216347703632, 0.07409195424857694, 0.2518063043047425, -0.05341348089080986, 0.20944391424492212, -0.4745952526605885, -0.19642428895065062, 0.0901513209330364, 0.09191889750023544, 0.12076610573370691, -0.011615242253215065, -0.21855479759544555, 0.06424168703264334, -0.12708121829364502, -0.0896060858774458, -0.14544787116243807, -0.04558091625754892, -0.03349170410549793, -0.2595368927921837, 0.06094159072709375, 0.032293625910517196, 0.010347781781579407, -0.04698446407441942, -0.015133621774508919, -0.0049382677354233365, 0.13888757986436323, 0.022450367916821385, 0.036755694535521556, 0.18254481394066882, -0.12008855429487827, -0.06324210286822537, 0.32114908613369497, -0.15041667278069007, -0.17972531615638396, 0.1476964327624776, -0.20702071802060998, -0.05548943581820374, 0.09785337700233074, 0.11898571149196843, 0.039938611922864346, -0.21660994870824293, 0.001782703829083172, 0.05821299729344081, 0.18394914021859812, 0.05692268712905196, 0.0321173489120015, 0.22725055086046037, 0.17244235210901152, 0.04329683314549776, 0.20672577604959705, -0.15348674897366846, 0.0339928547471342, -0.25308771778642475, -0.16946678856571376, -0.14448426426576882, 0.08894721755075832, -0.047560374429375656, -0.15287694891153927, 0.437765490893327, 0.2469486537796091, 0.2206519000547033, 0.013337381131632227, 0.43610882378694876, 0.16497047915792382, 0.07363245473571227, -0.017243182162006557, 0.2781877686125292, 0.19758762318549128, 0.17035081848816971, -0.36073193676166343, -0.0032852432349513116, -0.034817662660662135] |
709.1836 | Design issues of a variable thermal resistance | Some years ago we have proposed a thermal mount with electronically variable
thermal resistance [1]. In this earlier work the feasibility of such a
structure has been demonstrated. Now we intend to realize this mount in a
maturated form, suitable to the everyday use in the practice of package thermal
qualification and modeling. The design of such a device raises a number of new
questions and problems. The present paper is dealing with these problems and
the possible solutions.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | some years ago we have proposed a thermal mount with electronically variable thermal resistance 1 in this earlier work the feasibility of such a structure has been demonstrated now we intend to realize this mount in a maturated form suitable to the everyday use in the practice of package thermal qualification and modeling the design of such a device raises a number of new questions and problems the present paper is dealing with these problems and the possible solutions | [['some', 'years', 'ago', 'we', 'have', 'proposed', 'a', 'thermal', 'mount', 'with', 'electronically', 'variable', 'thermal', 'resistance', '1', 'in', 'this', 'earlier', 'work', 'the', 'feasibility', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'structure', 'has', 'been', 'demonstrated', 'now', 'we', 'intend', 'to', 'realize', 'this', 'mount', 'in', 'a', 'maturated', 'form', 'suitable', 'to', 'the', 'everyday', 'use', 'in', 'the', 'practice', 'of', 'package', 'thermal', 'qualification', 'and', 'modeling', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'device', 'raises', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'new', 'questions', 'and', 'problems', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'is', 'dealing', 'with', 'these', 'problems', 'and', 'the', 'possible', 'solutions']] | [-0.12015717158404489, 0.06418098754082353, -0.07397249824582385, 0.0035542075519258967, -0.10208949766671047, -0.1273443297518847, 0.04709171542438129, 0.3840659411671834, -0.2514352956846452, -0.3312646838573691, 0.1698182713634406, -0.26805990348116326, -0.18511396407698974, 0.22532199953611082, -0.11509584771612516, 0.10170082550925705, 0.06492659270178336, -0.017655376207608826, -0.03919371718448252, -0.26079167262949526, 0.30073522347718096, 0.07411284771156855, 0.24162426595695508, 0.07771512346628767, 0.09730217448220803, -0.05664937937250122, -0.026170882145659283, 0.04580562728313872, -0.11138019709585187, 0.14418306534823316, 0.27121526857790274, 0.12442758343576525, 0.34674290609725106, -0.44407279260802823, -0.21934426799177742, 0.07349279207529691, 0.09648585823388436, 0.1163193020874109, -0.07796037938589087, -0.2104235456790775, 0.07033236762986352, -0.19654597490070722, -0.16134275716896623, -0.08147217242721802, 0.01939287799028441, -0.03288342631780184, -0.221476602365818, -0.012324200901322259, 0.0190782301271191, 0.07613474652409935, -0.02323967593316084, -0.10660481801590858, 0.06925750716637151, 0.12189454606208855, 0.04519156232559814, 0.004457718797195225, 0.07402419343065375, -0.11321397433773829, -0.12929667211257112, 0.37588702000152224, -0.00821827743292931, -0.13881067742402545, 0.20410939501837277, -0.09258786457566878, -0.15927537365888172, 0.05129464068569434, 0.16890849942007127, 0.13869127268210435, -0.1943102106459451, 0.0772702796481705, -0.056646342090784736, 0.1434859175635024, 0.06066936307932991, 0.03715162120986348, 0.20780729948996735, 0.22404456909936973, 0.02620758213258038, 0.16693457027371877, -0.07612583403571103, -0.024936999541331224, -0.247142158042735, -0.20422638833331755, -0.12995484039091912, 0.053826386777636334, 0.0034120578252791, -0.162681325744742, 0.4148272476129186, 0.22444945297992, 0.16831408962846184, -0.003044878872923362, 0.3049360256260022, 0.08406069393580158, 0.07139446068173036, 0.059730711339328155, 0.250765932564555, 0.11168183137973149, 0.17916267966994873, -0.17439468996002314, 0.06820045283828409, -0.02870966391996122] |
709.1837 | Spacelike Willmore surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentzian space forms | Spacelike Willmore surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentzian space forms, a topic
in Lorentzian conformal geometry which parallels the theory of Willmore
surfaces in $S^4$, are studied in this paper. We define two kinds of transforms
for such a surface, which produce the so-called left/right polar surfaces and
the adjoint surfaces. These new surfaces are again conformal Willmore surfaces.
For them holds interesting duality theorem. As an application spacelike
Willmore 2-spheres are classified. Finally we construct a family of homogeneous
spacelike Willmore tori.
| math.DG | spacelike willmore surfaces in 4dimensional lorentzian space forms a topic in lorentzian conformal geometry which parallels the theory of willmore surfaces in s4 are studied in this paper we define two kinds of transforms for such a surface which produce the socalled leftright polar surfaces and the adjoint surfaces these new surfaces are again conformal willmore surfaces for them holds interesting duality theorem as an application spacelike willmore 2spheres are classified finally we construct a family of homogeneous spacelike willmore tori | [['spacelike', 'willmore', 'surfaces', 'in', '4dimensional', 'lorentzian', 'space', 'forms', 'a', 'topic', 'in', 'lorentzian', 'conformal', 'geometry', 'which', 'parallels', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'willmore', 'surfaces', 'in', 's4', 'are', 'studied', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'define', 'two', 'kinds', 'of', 'transforms', 'for', 'such', 'a', 'surface', 'which', 'produce', 'the', 'socalled', 'leftright', 'polar', 'surfaces', 'and', 'the', 'adjoint', 'surfaces', 'these', 'new', 'surfaces', 'are', 'again', 'conformal', 'willmore', 'surfaces', 'for', 'them', 'holds', 'interesting', 'duality', 'theorem', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'spacelike', 'willmore', '2spheres', 'are', 'classified', 'finally', 'we', 'construct', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'homogeneous', 'spacelike', 'willmore', 'tori']] | [-0.21787387724781845, 0.1151697422209969, -0.09701465999270663, 0.1855739610266791, -0.09888015402319991, -0.17071394895398875, -0.10707717503271537, 0.4073239827275644, -0.2211788209201193, -0.1963749070433371, 0.08977580182886694, -0.29210584607251266, -0.19235281098955942, 0.1983037929246087, -0.183120894116453, 0.055206740838418034, -0.025787941555285618, 0.014595737801519808, -0.17529829334536637, -0.2742747330785166, 0.4125791472658791, -0.08652368504094121, 0.2507837626531168, 0.10723075602939468, 0.0746354683716264, 0.008115434777681474, 0.0653549079714274, 0.021478138581984735, -0.22358227497898042, 0.19891351346791733, 0.311612482700083, 0.003468679971303101, 0.10636438082696663, -0.4460599567787147, -0.282423968380892, 0.114414174190182, 0.10572111585470675, 0.022457328783118246, -0.07743575754517942, -0.2571900446013904, -0.02077080773902528, -0.08001052303078734, -0.22510453439058942, -0.09322923930062924, -0.02752864258478821, -0.04568399440635134, -0.06106456553126559, 0.0738475237812065, 0.14404180994901208, 0.12094471626627593, -0.13908016097007525, -0.03257329997399615, -0.1102337048239546, 0.05899717151129871, 0.10951883143480913, 0.0637908666394651, 0.07591987100004415, -0.06375849572079326, -0.08461749197248324, 0.33894600152587057, -0.0349856227425065, -0.3139712151404424, 0.11408541415944512, -0.06624394458040227, -0.1942992243329408, 0.13378395819691596, 0.172653835841719, 0.21774974391784196, -0.14559610018989555, 0.18966501043968614, -0.07087543181914055, -0.005503171422507292, 0.18107747400961358, -0.044193151171957316, 0.2506291641664036, 0.06582552119859575, 0.10341860814433959, 0.19009539011267967, -0.052457817338973305, -0.11457154444522327, -0.4593049550865903, -0.29770038182053854, -0.11935248874403813, 0.136465446356638, -0.1184551832465567, -0.22076110617706068, 0.3444515008761053, -0.07721339300580977, 0.17536204280676665, 0.12683148151206106, 0.14789148581927114, -0.017699142482511147, 0.06177215719089648, 0.12110328217853367, 0.1951829838267539, 0.19155788319300354, -0.017571452717630217, -0.03758110893016428, -0.18599388816819332, 0.20056506139973615] |
709.1838 | Matching of correlators in AdS_3/CFT_2 | Recently exact agreement has been found between three-point correlators of
chiral operators computed in string theory on AdS_3 x S^3 x T^4 with NS-NS flux
and those computed in the symmetric orbifold CFT. However, it has also been
shown that these correlators disagree with those computed in supergravity,
under any identification of single particle operators which respects the
symmetries. In this note we resolve this disagreement: the key point is that
mixings with multi-particle operators are not suppressed even at large N in
extremal correlators. Allowing for such mixings, orbifold/string theory
operators and supergravity operators can be matched such that both non-extremal
and extremal three point functions agree, giving further evidence for the
non-renormalization of the chiral ring.
| hep-th | recently exact agreement has been found between threepoint correlators of chiral operators computed in string theory on ads_3 x s3 x t4 with nsns flux and those computed in the symmetric orbifold cft however it has also been shown that these correlators disagree with those computed in supergravity under any identification of single particle operators which respects the symmetries in this note we resolve this disagreement the key point is that mixings with multiparticle operators are not suppressed even at large n in extremal correlators allowing for such mixings orbifoldstring theory operators and supergravity operators can be matched such that both nonextremal and extremal three point functions agree giving further evidence for the nonrenormalization of the chiral ring | [['recently', 'exact', 'agreement', 'has', 'been', 'found', 'between', 'threepoint', 'correlators', 'of', 'chiral', 'operators', 'computed', 'in', 'string', 'theory', 'on', 'ads_3', 'x', 's3', 'x', 't4', 'with', 'nsns', 'flux', 'and', 'those', 'computed', 'in', 'the', 'symmetric', 'orbifold', 'cft', 'however', 'it', 'has', 'also', 'been', 'shown', 'that', 'these', 'correlators', 'disagree', 'with', 'those', 'computed', 'in', 'supergravity', 'under', 'any', 'identification', 'of', 'single', 'particle', 'operators', 'which', 'respects', 'the', 'symmetries', 'in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'resolve', 'this', 'disagreement', 'the', 'key', 'point', 'is', 'that', 'mixings', 'with', 'multiparticle', 'operators', 'are', 'not', 'suppressed', 'even', 'at', 'large', 'n', 'in', 'extremal', 'correlators', 'allowing', 'for', 'such', 'mixings', 'orbifoldstring', 'theory', 'operators', 'and', 'supergravity', 'operators', 'can', 'be', 'matched', 'such', 'that', 'both', 'nonextremal', 'and', 'extremal', 'three', 'point', 'functions', 'agree', 'giving', 'further', 'evidence', 'for', 'the', 'nonrenormalization', 'of', 'the', 'chiral', 'ring']] | [-0.12667019635545468, 0.1629663441267054, -0.06133838857018973, 0.1379568526408856, -0.019882355834420582, -0.1835948363971557, -0.049890200467385605, 0.35849011669693104, -0.132759782221263, -0.2341614945839017, 0.08809398586163297, -0.3397729318210129, -0.13869318417056417, 0.1265338035902182, -0.037704681669819655, 0.08766403400055053, 0.019966970201802707, 0.05834534705884881, -0.1574103109325456, -0.2501345226951575, 0.3310891681832214, -0.015992146735158513, 0.2513895676218731, 0.09520702237821721, 0.06336728842155534, -0.019809487265913542, -0.022173129223381816, 0.022435237874545284, -0.09204788206995344, 0.07302394619811389, 0.2994987021231929, 0.05138361930326259, 0.05130543590570658, -0.45600743170322505, -0.19754234955535602, 0.13489290870434084, 0.21329254414333756, 0.11235142040157185, -0.020181554382453847, -0.261742582450544, 0.08923545155784715, -0.18007241959350137, -0.1599760229691421, -0.13568324178173127, 0.025278273085921496, -0.07378563316148248, -0.2706534896495799, 0.09087255472979326, -0.0035183654813948323, 0.01775358921268134, -0.028593759245823247, -0.12602016802529914, -0.09991383773148439, 0.10170120835083268, 0.13090135396055688, 0.10384753956143761, 0.09759439491879952, -0.12984369876518279, -0.1766274129987647, 0.30433141388062196, -0.049689718541862854, -0.22842149978693008, 0.132004599880143, -0.22384366855593557, -0.21176739750919327, 0.09300806507531365, 0.038531774832567166, 0.17943312292839636, -0.14097963572061478, 0.21250937391966346, -0.0788414684218385, 0.1041243938246734, 0.13285614978285284, 0.08721078067599407, 0.26483094380473937, 0.03576031317776543, 0.024272602338835172, 0.08335227104026224, 0.017902216307771533, -0.11272022956824404, -0.39090451769436063, -0.06288301679641166, -0.12885414380422336, 0.11703205876404092, -0.14812148036792877, -0.16308373418094993, 0.34718473435584774, 0.12254053587883205, 0.18798836411403144, 0.06858011691187808, 0.17610288004122548, 0.1281290055899802, 0.11920405613353192, 0.0770689028007436, 0.25583689739548804, 0.142432606052923, 0.06748297330291973, -0.23305542539544719, -0.05695878424665938, 0.16095947524753668] |
709.1839 | A Magnetohydrodynamic Boost for Relativistic Jets | We performed relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the hydrodynamic
boosting mechanism for relativistic jets explored by Aloy & Rezzolla (2006)
using the RAISHIN code. Simulation results show that the presence of a magnetic
field changes the properties of the shock interface between the tenuous,
overpressured jet ($V^z_j$) flowing tangentially to a dense external medium.
Magnetic fields can lead to more efficient acceleration of the jet, in
comparison to the pure-hydrodynamic case. A ``poloidal'' magnetic field
($B^z$), tangent to the interface and parallel to the jet flow, produces both a
stronger outward moving shock and a stronger inward moving rarefaction wave.
This leads to a large velocity component normal to the interface in addition to
acceleration tangent to the interface, and the jet is thus accelerated to
larger Lorentz factors than those obtained in the pure-hydrodynamic case.
Likewise, a strong ``toroidal'' magnetic field ($B^y$), tangent to the
interface but perpendicular to the jet flow, also leads to stronger
acceleration tangent to the shock interface relative to the pure-hydrodynamic
case. Overall, the acceleration efficiency in the ``poloidal'' case is less
than that of the ``toroidal'' case but both geometries still result in higher
Lorentz factors than the pure-hydrodynamic case. Thus, the presence and
relative orientation of a magnetic field in relativistic jets can significant
modify the hydrodynamic boost mechanism studied by Aloy & Rezzolla (2006).
| astro-ph | we performed relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the hydrodynamic boosting mechanism for relativistic jets explored by aloy rezzolla 2006 using the raishin code simulation results show that the presence of a magnetic field changes the properties of the shock interface between the tenuous overpressured jet vz_j flowing tangentially to a dense external medium magnetic fields can lead to more efficient acceleration of the jet in comparison to the purehydrodynamic case a poloidal magnetic field bz tangent to the interface and parallel to the jet flow produces both a stronger outward moving shock and a stronger inward moving rarefaction wave this leads to a large velocity component normal to the interface in addition to acceleration tangent to the interface and the jet is thus accelerated to larger lorentz factors than those obtained in the purehydrodynamic case likewise a strong toroidal magnetic field by tangent to the interface but perpendicular to the jet flow also leads to stronger acceleration tangent to the shock interface relative to the purehydrodynamic case overall the acceleration efficiency in the poloidal case is less than that of the toroidal case but both geometries still result in higher lorentz factors than the purehydrodynamic case thus the presence and relative orientation of a magnetic field in relativistic jets can significant modify the hydrodynamic boost mechanism studied by aloy rezzolla 2006 | [['we', 'performed', 'relativistic', 'magnetohydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'of', 'the', 'hydrodynamic', 'boosting', 'mechanism', 'for', 'relativistic', 'jets', 'explored', 'by', 'aloy', 'rezzolla', '2006', 'using', 'the', 'raishin', 'code', 'simulation', 'results', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'magnetic', 'field', 'changes', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'shock', 'interface', 'between', 'the', 'tenuous', 'overpressured', 'jet', 'vz_j', 'flowing', 'tangentially', 'to', 'a', 'dense', 'external', 'medium', 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709.184 | Localized Lna Cooling in Vacuum | In the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope [1], [2], the noise temperature
of the first LNA must be reduced in order to reduce the necessary active area
and the total system costs. Cooling the LNA locally would significantly
decrease the noise figure but also the necessary power since not the whole
system has to be cooled. For optimal thermal isolation, an LNA chip which only
needs 6 bondwires has been chosen, 4 Ground and 2 signal wires. Biasing occurs
on-chip. If the bondwires are 1.5mm long, the total heat conduction of the 6
bondwires is 31 mW, which is added to the power consumption of the LNA (30 mW).
With a power of 61 mW to cool, the Peltier element can achieve a -T of 60K.
With this system, a noise reduction of 30% has been measured with 0.5W of
electrical power. For 15% noise reduction, only 35mW of electrical power was
needed.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in the square kilometre array ska telescope 1 2 the noise temperature of the first lna must be reduced in order to reduce the necessary active area and the total system costs cooling the lna locally would significantly decrease the noise figure but also the necessary power since not the whole system has to be cooled for optimal thermal isolation an lna chip which only needs 6 bondwires has been chosen 4 ground and 2 signal wires biasing occurs onchip if the bondwires are 15mm long the total heat conduction of the 6 bondwires is 31 mw which is added to the power consumption of the lna 30 mw with a power of 61 mw to cool the peltier element can achieve a t of 60k with this system a noise reduction of 30 has been measured with 05w of electrical power for 15 noise reduction only 35mw of electrical power was needed | [['in', 'the', 'square', 'kilometre', 'array', 'ska', 'telescope', '1', '2', 'the', 'noise', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'first', 'lna', 'must', 'be', 'reduced', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'reduce', 'the', 'necessary', 'active', 'area', 'and', 'the', 'total', 'system', 'costs', 'cooling', 'the', 'lna', 'locally', 'would', 'significantly', 'decrease', 'the', 'noise', 'figure', 'but', 'also', 'the', 'necessary', 'power', 'since', 'not', 'the', 'whole', 'system', 'has', 'to', 'be', 'cooled', 'for', 'optimal', 'thermal', 'isolation', 'an', 'lna', 'chip', 'which', 'only', 'needs', '6', 'bondwires', 'has', 'been', 'chosen', '4', 'ground', 'and', '2', 'signal', 'wires', 'biasing', 'occurs', 'onchip', 'if', 'the', 'bondwires', 'are', '15mm', 'long', 'the', 'total', 'heat', 'conduction', 'of', 'the', '6', 'bondwires', 'is', '31', 'mw', 'which', 'is', 'added', 'to', 'the', 'power', 'consumption', 'of', 'the', 'lna', '30', 'mw', 'with', 'a', 'power', 'of', '61', 'mw', 'to', 'cool', 'the', 'peltier', 'element', 'can', 'achieve', 'a', 't', 'of', '60k', 'with', 'this', 'system', 'a', 'noise', 'reduction', 'of', '30', 'has', 'been', 'measured', 'with', '05w', 'of', 'electrical', 'power', 'for', '15', 'noise', 'reduction', 'only', '35mw', 'of', 'electrical', 'power', 'was', 'needed']] | [-0.13022365030605884, 0.13990893337875987, -0.0066439257505790964, -0.016270110839334512, -0.04559851087335693, -0.16899743824155608, 0.05329005622096654, 0.35911851584617244, -0.24639110798958236, -0.3835699105586268, 0.14693146166361035, -0.30806621080141905, -0.04701972236599479, 0.20975778414867818, -0.07701492021595568, 0.0438581758001084, -0.016967214348321585, 0.027745963026781714, -0.03834737922749666, -0.3011568884585837, 0.16388182411901653, 0.15452170306755425, 0.26932278954298355, 0.022255483250391034, 0.14367341576603634, -0.11151580143364538, 0.017636560407577474, 0.016138396912107344, -0.05338895110665027, 0.011773081306417129, 0.24969540399156118, 0.04816600684640243, 0.25847961960090815, -0.4070399817765543, -0.19959559788510792, 0.12425182854425848, 0.1082048881370084, 0.057978600102758626, 0.006196802350275807, -0.1672995521910611, 0.13121553000038197, -0.20419769183928638, -0.10679416927067857, -0.008119700822709618, 0.027670090007105547, 0.027031831584233595, -0.2550718710967646, 0.04238779018200339, 0.05839701991307696, 0.04684447445661614, -0.024739021853556073, -0.15933380020233975, -0.01714605228335131, 0.1283630856839744, -0.06398368553154317, 0.05788695119707355, 0.19837243163247445, -0.09731651457657695, -0.036570755371174435, 0.348509675872169, -0.07212815558657319, -0.10883022976371362, 0.11578591377474368, -0.1882845189458366, -0.07027755292610412, 0.22254949152480358, 0.13171755800967253, -0.006077835694764201, -0.1902286503287829, 0.046970680074178074, 0.06335051979189493, 0.27350170551768604, 0.08476124012132029, 0.030385393926591956, 0.16830370580704002, 0.2050266513611668, 0.12101813584970507, 0.13921058423722188, -0.18107781857313393, 0.022964398736612088, -0.23106677463357828, -0.15167783982561608, -0.17502905310615652, 0.11571163210512743, -0.08604194077576578, -0.07508091176982577, 0.38316267191878167, 0.11769019146633677, 0.11841474058402175, 0.021603923698421568, 0.3517613984754701, 0.16314624816693954, 0.12246820115557823, 0.08013086813106814, 0.2725034554452194, 0.14618973815997474, 0.15679675511599175, -0.2535446114596102, 0.006218715296678343, -0.06199408756985672] |
709.1841 | UV and optical emission lines from the z=2.6 radio galaxy 0828+193:
spatially resolved measurements | We present an investigation into the spatial variation of the rest-frame UV
and optical line and continuum emission along the radio axis of the z=2.6 radio
galaxy 0828+193, using long-slit spectra from the Keck II and Subaru
telescopes. Line brightnesses, line ratios and electron temperatures are
examined, and their relationship with the arm-length asymmetry of the radio
source is also investigated. We find that on the side of the nucleus with the
shortest radio lobe, the gas covering factor is higher, and the ionization
parameter is lower. The contrasts in environmental density required to explain
the asymmetries in the line brightness and the radio arm-length asymmetries are
in fair agreement with each other. These results add further weight to the
conclusion of McCarthy, van Breugel & Kapahi (1991) - lobe distance asymmetries
in powerful radio sources are the result of an asymmetry in the environmental
density.
We also note that the brightness of both the UV and optical continuum
emission shows a similar spatial asymmetry to that shown by the line emission.
While the UV continuum asymmetry can be wholly explained by the expected
asymmetry in the nebular continuum, the optical continuum asymmetry cannot. We
argue that, at least at optical wavelengths, the starlight and/or the scattered
light must also be strongly spatially asymmetric.
| astro-ph | we present an investigation into the spatial variation of the restframe uv and optical line and continuum emission along the radio axis of the z26 radio galaxy 0828193 using longslit spectra from the keck ii and subaru telescopes line brightnesses line ratios and electron temperatures are examined and their relationship with the armlength asymmetry of the radio source is also investigated we find that on the side of the nucleus with the shortest radio lobe the gas covering factor is higher and the ionization parameter is lower the contrasts in environmental density required to explain the asymmetries in the line brightness and the radio armlength asymmetries are in fair agreement with each other these results add further weight to the conclusion of mccarthy van breugel kapahi 1991 lobe distance asymmetries in powerful radio sources are the result of an asymmetry in the environmental density we also note that the brightness of both the uv and optical continuum emission shows a similar spatial asymmetry to that shown by the line emission while the uv continuum asymmetry can be wholly explained by the expected asymmetry in the nebular continuum the optical continuum asymmetry cannot we argue that at least at optical wavelengths the starlight andor the scattered light must also be strongly spatially asymmetric | [['we', 'present', 'an', 'investigation', 'into', 'the', 'spatial', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'restframe', 'uv', 'and', 'optical', 'line', 'and', 'continuum', 'emission', 'along', 'the', 'radio', 'axis', 'of', 'the', 'z26', 'radio', 'galaxy', '0828193', 'using', 'longslit', 'spectra', 'from', 'the', 'keck', 'ii', 'and', 'subaru', 'telescopes', 'line', 'brightnesses', 'line', 'ratios', 'and', 'electron', 'temperatures', 'are', 'examined', 'and', 'their', 'relationship', 'with', 'the', 'armlength', 'asymmetry', 'of', 'the', 'radio', 'source', 'is', 'also', 'investigated', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'on', 'the', 'side', 'of', 'the', 'nucleus', 'with', 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709.1842 | Optimised Curing of Silver Ink Jet Based Printed Traces | Manufacturing electronic devices by printing techniques with low temperature
sintering of nano-size material particles can revolutionize the electronics
industry in coming years. The impact of this change to the industry can be
significant enabling low-cost products and flexibility in manufacturing.
implementation of a new production technology with new materials requires
thorough elementary knowledge creation. It should be noticed that although some
of first electronic devices ideally can be manufactured by printing, at the
present several modules are in fact manufactured by using hybrid techniques
(for instance photolithography, vapor depositions, spraying, etc...).
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | manufacturing electronic devices by printing techniques with low temperature sintering of nanosize material particles can revolutionize the electronics industry in coming years the impact of this change to the industry can be significant enabling lowcost products and flexibility in manufacturing implementation of a new production technology with new materials requires thorough elementary knowledge creation it should be noticed that although some of first electronic devices ideally can be manufactured by printing at the present several modules are in fact manufactured by using hybrid techniques for instance photolithography vapor depositions spraying etc | [['manufacturing', 'electronic', 'devices', 'by', 'printing', 'techniques', 'with', 'low', 'temperature', 'sintering', 'of', 'nanosize', 'material', 'particles', 'can', 'revolutionize', 'the', 'electronics', 'industry', 'in', 'coming', 'years', 'the', 'impact', 'of', 'this', 'change', 'to', 'the', 'industry', 'can', 'be', 'significant', 'enabling', 'lowcost', 'products', 'and', 'flexibility', 'in', 'manufacturing', 'implementation', 'of', 'a', 'new', 'production', 'technology', 'with', 'new', 'materials', 'requires', 'thorough', 'elementary', 'knowledge', 'creation', 'it', 'should', 'be', 'noticed', 'that', 'although', 'some', 'of', 'first', 'electronic', 'devices', 'ideally', 'can', 'be', 'manufactured', 'by', 'printing', 'at', 'the', 'present', 'several', 'modules', 'are', 'in', 'fact', 'manufactured', 'by', 'using', 'hybrid', 'techniques', 'for', 'instance', 'photolithography', 'vapor', 'depositions', 'spraying', 'etc']] | [-0.04813531723774069, 0.19936729299037584, -0.06362555044508733, -0.06472370682692329, -0.07880024048934721, -0.17469260403067693, 0.02125506454459545, 0.4269309732448924, -0.27946910322490304, -0.3691398619500163, 0.13970764786910758, -0.2706649499372221, -0.11992383142485498, 0.28324855404527305, -0.12025743379042698, 0.08110502720388307, 0.06655069142784718, -0.12434645744736542, -0.06372437856139636, -0.2313464697921178, 0.22875222484427657, 0.09269424590312846, 0.3396267971269541, 0.11277345570500244, 0.06035282443390115, -0.024882775677654605, -0.001163056280827252, -0.017276557381162523, -0.08434827347162274, 0.16270120068808894, 0.33701749003471826, 0.0541870030523329, 0.27932451121959384, -0.5224854447930068, -0.23716517257412056, 0.05037335948609225, 0.13096408210797134, 0.07664161969672192, -0.16695077955763746, -0.23746346404960195, 0.08916004936487137, -0.2536126060953753, -0.1282094677825136, -0.12793555022805805, -0.033765024449266906, 0.04327955601511748, -0.18595083533776002, -0.05995825097312803, -0.031510440284734244, 0.07186958138897483, -0.009699474095563905, -0.13365164956917147, -0.02888274885673117, 0.11060411446205862, -0.02947046023865159, -0.06126118299377325, 0.27153055378041424, -0.14616595000376578, -0.15095072233496787, 0.39676484398052586, -0.024819021410011983, -0.11474826161309586, 0.1733669840249714, -0.11049304552028304, -0.10549060512170359, 0.17487061675126245, 0.1843575869410575, 0.058890924896471776, -0.240609828822806, 0.054623166480099086, 0.12144815910525703, 0.15675253529296063, 0.10590310093363399, 0.048074256330677356, 0.25849079016268584, 0.288704330012059, 0.003770178797972071, 0.15460255943816975, -0.027909104916993735, -0.0018570726573631003, -0.19642030833938906, -0.258676845012335, -0.1704899752307888, 0.056965290527831725, -0.05511871204378242, -0.16775727776585372, 0.33243882811658987, 0.16495658168159835, 0.0712838454458576, -0.09458181715396406, 0.35772151179140904, 0.02260697567272563, 0.17553778118607435, -0.020503984688740266, 0.24048307748251738, 0.05016436593115821, 0.2205412809706324, -0.08305816998920189, 0.14563708360419497, -0.018787502935463257] |
709.1843 | A fluctuation-response relation of many Brownian particles under
non-equilibrium conditions | We study many interacting Brownian particles under a tilted periodic
potential. We numerically measure the linear response coefficient of the
density field by applying a slowly varying potential transversal to the tilted
direction. In equilibrium cases, the linear response coefficient is related to
the intensity of density fluctuations in a universal manner, which is called a
fluctuation-response relation. We then report numerical evidence that this
relation holds even in non-equilibrium cases. This result suggests that
Einstein's formula on density fluctuations can be extended to driven diffusive
systems when the slowly varying potential is applied in a direction transversal
to the driving force.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft | we study many interacting brownian particles under a tilted periodic potential we numerically measure the linear response coefficient of the density field by applying a slowly varying potential transversal to the tilted direction in equilibrium cases the linear response coefficient is related to the intensity of density fluctuations in a universal manner which is called a fluctuationresponse relation we then report numerical evidence that this relation holds even in nonequilibrium cases this result suggests that einsteins formula on density fluctuations can be extended to driven diffusive systems when the slowly varying potential is applied in a direction transversal to the driving force | [['we', 'study', 'many', 'interacting', 'brownian', 'particles', 'under', 'a', 'tilted', 'periodic', 'potential', 'we', 'numerically', 'measure', 'the', 'linear', 'response', 'coefficient', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'field', 'by', 'applying', 'a', 'slowly', 'varying', 'potential', 'transversal', 'to', 'the', 'tilted', 'direction', 'in', 'equilibrium', 'cases', 'the', 'linear', 'response', 'coefficient', 'is', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'intensity', 'of', 'density', 'fluctuations', 'in', 'a', 'universal', 'manner', 'which', 'is', 'called', 'a', 'fluctuationresponse', 'relation', 'we', 'then', 'report', 'numerical', 'evidence', 'that', 'this', 'relation', 'holds', 'even', 'in', 'nonequilibrium', 'cases', 'this', 'result', 'suggests', 'that', 'einsteins', 'formula', 'on', 'density', 'fluctuations', 'can', 'be', 'extended', 'to', 'driven', 'diffusive', 'systems', 'when', 'the', 'slowly', 'varying', 'potential', 'is', 'applied', 'in', 'a', 'direction', 'transversal', 'to', 'the', 'driving', 'force']] | [-0.17968004216969596, 0.19129348047050265, -0.12015923186588813, 0.04555643414370898, -0.05499975008926555, -0.1458374252862425, 0.01286688070132525, 0.3684531119926011, -0.3015922788512327, -0.21720821206804877, 0.0437920839507498, -0.2523669518859071, -0.1829050705156417, 0.18966048930009244, -0.021752442096305245, 0.03071483150215856, -0.015042053083615267, 0.012972551315803738, -0.04959321997069078, -0.20005872277725562, 0.28293155308575463, 0.05012184991866496, 0.3012386327061583, 0.028293049370974998, 0.07009113658511755, 0.01931991522638675, 0.0255817205758706, 0.13114886076041063, -0.14230336322675702, 0.045142937169122675, 0.18063888320808902, -0.007598040766977504, 0.26945963972156833, -0.4099178963395603, -0.2200182009780524, 0.10343470588308193, 0.14045522205175504, 0.13458320551766448, -0.08013430935919613, -0.23751232020703017, 0.026874557310970975, -0.1541851386975716, -0.2361286528015911, -0.06354101564433864, 0.0818045263340715, 0.060584416638091936, -0.2874836929544222, 0.14585693051819415, 0.07116617118556272, 0.04043540052667845, -0.08040297931909342, -0.016911199010506858, 0.010669649322973747, 0.057711535958885944, 0.08656807463186994, 0.06599417509848945, 0.18658217196535393, -0.13966824592310279, -0.04911961320185048, 0.3510365679805331, -0.15114037464509772, -0.24834792924058788, 0.17493320646577096, -0.17546175138148315, -0.09315286814600375, 0.10283896306931388, 0.1661925550947404, 0.10208776588186476, -0.16196120850694498, 0.088246957866895, -0.030589613754201828, 0.15959886843155996, 0.0683251165912724, -0.05112551600106206, 0.2276901459120506, 0.09616597018012886, 0.08371498131172676, 0.18821172564925043, -0.06869770629176249, -0.1251673974991575, -0.28271928320949274, -0.13376232176247582, -0.1703313398403207, 0.08567747129949138, -0.07700861922885273, -0.15830679406302378, 0.40449419617652893, 0.16944831085172207, 0.16675349370594703, 0.037255028651926814, 0.26648797038212124, 0.20212228749604785, 0.020712095496527777, 0.07156884381730183, 0.24907073570990607, 0.18792079272223453, 0.09611145418374707, -0.24352732266518562, 0.05175107636708109, 0.023461326881421402] |
709.1844 | A summary of the beatwave experiments at Ecole Polytechnique | We present a summary of the beatwave particle acceleration program developed
at Ecole Polytechnique. In dedicated experiments, plasma formation, plasma wave
generation and saturation, and particle acceleration were successively studied
and understood in detail. A maximum energy gain of 1.3 MeV was obtained, which
is compatible with an accelerating gradient of 0.7 GV/m.
| physics.plasm-ph | we present a summary of the beatwave particle acceleration program developed at ecole polytechnique in dedicated experiments plasma formation plasma wave generation and saturation and particle acceleration were successively studied and understood in detail a maximum energy gain of 13 mev was obtained which is compatible with an accelerating gradient of 07 gvm | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'summary', 'of', 'the', 'beatwave', 'particle', 'acceleration', 'program', 'developed', 'at', 'ecole', 'polytechnique', 'in', 'dedicated', 'experiments', 'plasma', 'formation', 'plasma', 'wave', 'generation', 'and', 'saturation', 'and', 'particle', 'acceleration', 'were', 'successively', 'studied', 'and', 'understood', 'in', 'detail', 'a', 'maximum', 'energy', 'gain', 'of', '13', 'mev', 'was', 'obtained', 'which', 'is', 'compatible', 'with', 'an', 'accelerating', 'gradient', 'of', '07', 'gvm']] | [-0.0907512855329463, 0.22745607270807564, -0.06493783155280464, 0.07878844613288441, -0.0339651379173068, -0.10339831065316245, -0.051496017447514635, 0.3914999717249061, -0.19046866637215298, -0.3632448633148704, 0.07085926217940759, -0.23215659145476683, 0.010429766916511755, 0.1811246158465093, 0.014154845383018255, 0.061265206553112225, 0.060580480369335075, 0.005843283415262429, -0.02593502867088284, -0.21146762423779605, 0.20580458486417555, 0.22944048119111443, 0.26549288727132214, 0.08604933441845032, 0.1669915061848203, -0.03546882827133643, -0.037517934088718216, 0.012172865013609518, -0.18401827170449872, 0.05279450141385479, 0.2100428723431421, 0.08637487841770053, 0.2827828384426264, -0.4246481913229767, -0.2175170574161523, -0.018299682364570646, 0.12558297878614505, 0.056213753901966756, -0.15038503219707394, -0.21760926072327597, 0.0521901362347153, -0.18064485121307508, -0.1397110852061437, 0.02814153486089605, -0.028452933801092067, 0.05349979662107972, -0.28259879868161286, 0.0901951075505184, -0.004986389935508651, 0.07087682407208772, -0.04150851817696162, -0.1372164329601768, 0.020077818011829875, -0.016826868408693456, 0.007875939597208757, 0.11856311337389755, 0.1598362604602029, -0.10650649107114044, -0.12351004101054848, 0.35584579471867744, -0.0815684836937712, -0.06006480265850254, 0.16610196760838042, -0.1707637364677382, -0.09286985028851426, 0.19057434298238665, 0.16770650750412694, 0.08800970448427042, -0.1576759537400783, 0.02943192613596659, 0.05598566067906949, 0.13714452407691838, 0.1581305456567415, -0.05930188289439341, 0.20274337674578968, 0.23174421319667743, -0.00022185006934516836, 0.11575413621821494, -0.13218339988610373, -0.05099178507994368, -0.3177365853257899, -0.12411683705582652, -0.14487246731471903, 0.01290150722658991, -0.004322885034028177, -0.06415228853177912, 0.42998362655909556, 0.09728479187689582, 0.12345201809855424, -0.04473684258750236, 0.25955360386309756, 0.12267454502717504, 0.003789151210408166, 0.11653514999790855, 0.31084390796439826, 0.13909901384050619, 0.22420757910553016, -0.2255131655091525, -0.02075673616051955, 0.03914331866182246] |
709.1845 | Measurements of Thermophysical Property of Thin Films by Light Pulse
Heating Thermoreflectance Methods | Thermoreflectance methods by picosecond pulse heating and by nanosecond pulse
heating have been developed under the same geometrical configuration as the
laser flash method by the National Metrology Institute of JAPAN, AIST. Using
these light pulse heating methods, thermal diffusivity of each layer of
multilayered thin films and boundary thermal resistance between the layers can
be determined from the observed transient temperature curves based on the
response function method. The measurement results of various thin films as
transparent conductive films used for flat panel displays, hard coating films
and multilayered films of the next generation phase-change optical disk will be
presented.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | thermoreflectance methods by picosecond pulse heating and by nanosecond pulse heating have been developed under the same geometrical configuration as the laser flash method by the national metrology institute of japan aist using these light pulse heating methods thermal diffusivity of each layer of multilayered thin films and boundary thermal resistance between the layers can be determined from the observed transient temperature curves based on the response function method the measurement results of various thin films as transparent conductive films used for flat panel displays hard coating films and multilayered films of the next generation phasechange optical disk will be presented | [['thermoreflectance', 'methods', 'by', 'picosecond', 'pulse', 'heating', 'and', 'by', 'nanosecond', 'pulse', 'heating', 'have', 'been', 'developed', 'under', 'the', 'same', 'geometrical', 'configuration', 'as', 'the', 'laser', 'flash', 'method', 'by', 'the', 'national', 'metrology', 'institute', 'of', 'japan', 'aist', 'using', 'these', 'light', 'pulse', 'heating', 'methods', 'thermal', 'diffusivity', 'of', 'each', 'layer', 'of', 'multilayered', 'thin', 'films', 'and', 'boundary', 'thermal', 'resistance', 'between', 'the', 'layers', 'can', 'be', 'determined', 'from', 'the', 'observed', 'transient', 'temperature', 'curves', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'response', 'function', 'method', 'the', 'measurement', 'results', 'of', 'various', 'thin', 'films', 'as', 'transparent', 'conductive', 'films', 'used', 'for', 'flat', 'panel', 'displays', 'hard', 'coating', 'films', 'and', 'multilayered', 'films', 'of', 'the', 'next', 'generation', 'phasechange', 'optical', 'disk', 'will', 'be', 'presented']] | [-0.04212174337301956, 0.20352499129361298, -0.07595207579065077, -0.04826782660623367, -0.018926346453257126, -0.1604994839463051, 0.013722206707951604, 0.495117683738175, -0.26374750052080814, -0.31176247081309005, 0.10012599628529337, -0.25172451871336615, -0.057835501189906116, 0.3118765460567014, -0.02415247615611199, 0.13193528144159308, 0.011126019724524847, -0.17339230316349924, -0.01584914998879822, -0.1852738678047323, 0.23902370358383893, 0.10079291186267787, 0.38984536947590287, 0.05480162640468743, 0.08923634831415544, -0.02683214934561217, 0.05301638691234264, -0.00047078918628763446, -0.15973253301483128, 0.040579154068548784, 0.245932956334517, -0.07529343101933672, 0.1954661315678167, -0.5603908800178825, -0.27866976093593065, -0.04388053217402251, 0.06115615461252187, 0.06431491341036145, -0.07163217680016994, -0.2517939767440652, 0.00482078513941995, -0.12987493342111386, -0.1028653792575887, -0.03833065191191612, -0.019765346804357105, 0.06839551400430131, -0.21058487532185483, 0.039355720015298024, 0.025071593616987662, 0.0875069866542437, -0.10155304222791871, -0.10697947575314211, -0.0728160051345401, 0.06868984210443231, 0.003275124444902902, 0.016262962502464284, 0.2707374075578646, -0.1018560176881233, -0.09770761906990025, 0.32454631665703093, -0.09641418123783746, -0.03668700696728745, 0.12510850646828145, -0.16162163443808067, 0.01045293278420473, 0.17729786025719846, 0.16270355203437922, 0.16022127526950572, -0.19162538394995846, -0.00137908777192069, 0.02055851770403546, 0.2356349953109085, 0.16714253040067484, 0.029601267068692955, 0.2257288282755578, 0.262540570534028, -0.028936804565001684, 0.18067960978812989, -0.18895113426675597, 0.03988127169743328, -0.2127007132042822, -0.1338245194257781, -0.1828953452883196, 0.05980526491778322, -0.09578330939739947, -0.19778124670876135, 0.4005750633665536, 0.11948203194499163, 0.07003691110132944, -0.08576431760730424, 0.3123050939365484, 0.09587159356111569, 0.07418386107956124, 0.03677432676131773, 0.27306915200914783, 0.17611733480070782, 0.19360331623004703, -0.23100429515833829, 0.13397639944208878, 0.016811707218426584] |
709.1846 | Cluster Dynamics Modeling of Materials: Advantages and Limitations | The aim of this paper is to give a short review on cluster dynamics modeling
in the field of atoms and point defects clustering in materials. It is shown
that this method, due to its low computer cost, can handle long term evolution
that cannot, in many cases, be obtained by Lattice Kinetic Monte Carlo methods.
Indeed, such a possibility is achieved thanks to an important drawback that is
the loss of space correlations of the elements of the microstructures. Some
examples, in the field of precipitation and irradiation of metallic materials
are given. The limitations and difficulties of this method are also discussed.
Unsurprisingly, it is shown that it goes in a very satisfactory way when the
objects are distributed homogeneously. Conversely, the source term describing
the primary damage under irradiation, by nature heterogeneous in space and
time, is tricky to introduce especially when displacement cascades are
produced.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the aim of this paper is to give a short review on cluster dynamics modeling in the field of atoms and point defects clustering in materials it is shown that this method due to its low computer cost can handle long term evolution that cannot in many cases be obtained by lattice kinetic monte carlo methods indeed such a possibility is achieved thanks to an important drawback that is the loss of space correlations of the elements of the microstructures some examples in the field of precipitation and irradiation of metallic materials are given the limitations and difficulties of this method are also discussed unsurprisingly it is shown that it goes in a very satisfactory way when the objects are distributed homogeneously conversely the source term describing the primary damage under irradiation by nature heterogeneous in space and time is tricky to introduce especially when displacement cascades are produced | [['the', 'aim', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'give', 'a', 'short', 'review', 'on', 'cluster', 'dynamics', 'modeling', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'atoms', 'and', 'point', 'defects', 'clustering', 'in', 'materials', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'this', 'method', 'due', 'to', 'its', 'low', 'computer', 'cost', 'can', 'handle', 'long', 'term', 'evolution', 'that', 'can', 'not', 'in', 'many', 'cases', 'be', 'obtained', 'by', 'lattice', 'kinetic', 'monte', 'carlo', 'methods', 'indeed', 'such', 'a', 'possibility', 'is', 'achieved', 'thanks', 'to', 'an', 'important', 'drawback', 'that', 'is', 'the', 'loss', 'of', 'space', 'correlations', 'of', 'the', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'microstructures', 'some', 'examples', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'precipitation', 'and', 'irradiation', 'of', 'metallic', 'materials', 'are', 'given', 'the', 'limitations', 'and', 'difficulties', 'of', 'this', 'method', 'are', 'also', 'discussed', 'unsurprisingly', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'it', 'goes', 'in', 'a', 'very', 'satisfactory', 'way', 'when', 'the', 'objects', 'are', 'distributed', 'homogeneously', 'conversely', 'the', 'source', 'term', 'describing', 'the', 'primary', 'damage', 'under', 'irradiation', 'by', 'nature', 'heterogeneous', 'in', 'space', 'and', 'time', 'is', 'tricky', 'to', 'introduce', 'especially', 'when', 'displacement', 'cascades', 'are', 'produced']] | [-0.09365126212593168, 0.1461002282713889, -0.0861130268064638, 0.09402114105022823, -0.03125482721719891, -0.09995458023312191, -0.005462604631514599, 0.4203181230649352, -0.30210272075297934, -0.3099854038345317, 0.11265432613125692, -0.2693826688391467, -0.16858483338728547, 0.20291086744517087, -0.0932788258139044, 0.02827252744488457, 0.09397127505391836, -0.0012123761232942342, -0.03383879664237611, -0.2830694402148947, 0.30925517733364055, 0.09627097325089078, 0.2680262115985776, 0.058668716760585084, 0.08077510463539511, -0.02765591748369237, -0.0029794491734355688, 0.046619620166881454, -0.06877539349816895, 0.10231436596872906, 0.25401228830839195, 0.08239572645785907, 0.27763013605959713, -0.43154768270750843, -0.25888408520879846, 0.08529084925539791, 0.1421058083147121, 0.13008121189195662, -0.06575782364777599, -0.2249442560536166, 0.08478818886602918, -0.14805759213864803, -0.11592537317599635, -0.0861587081492568, 0.028915632548741996, 0.04065661031752825, -0.23582054785802029, 0.04299346772080753, 0.0646750984515529, 0.03853147964226082, -0.03786744055105373, -0.07913596788421273, 0.01480045742665728, 0.10332617261330597, 0.09016890646424144, 0.033792913208405176, 0.11211161175121864, -0.14694355869355302, -0.0666963551690181, 0.43122399828086294, -0.013542949513842661, -0.1992832235371073, 0.21920490992371924, -0.12862053943332286, -0.11775173027689258, 0.17340714291126158, 0.1355607386585325, 0.11542730322107672, -0.19221450306261734, 0.0887488350646648, 0.021694379458203912, 0.15747321141980744, 0.020506102653841177, 0.02957718112418661, 0.20139279244778058, 0.1912274648156017, 0.04701642309509528, 0.15393533754938593, -0.07666258179116994, -0.08293543121777475, -0.27880768617304663, -0.14954252504433194, -0.2135326483193785, 0.023521993629886613, -0.04431677158650321, -0.1754407799379745, 0.3566066317943235, 0.18896088514166573, 0.17405762043160697, -0.003993637965371211, 0.2706693207100034, 0.09858267790676715, 0.06615681894278774, 0.04459817938506603, 0.2257325290836161, 0.11972464098129422, 0.1054145924312373, -0.19887542273228367, 0.09677225514741924, 0.008566520453120272] |
709.1847 | Discovery of Gas Accretion Onto Stars in 13 Myr old h and chi Persei | We report the discovery of accretion disks associated with ~ 13 Myr-old
intermediate/low-mass stars in h and chi Persei. Optical spectroscopy of ~ 5000
stars in these clusters and a surrounding halo population reveal 32 A-K stars
with H(alpha) emission. Matching these stars with 2MASS and optical photometry
yields 25 stars with the highest probability of cluster membership and
EW(H(alpha)) > 5 angstroms. Sixteen of these sources have EW(H(alpha)) > 10
angstroms. The population of accreting sources is strongly spectral type
dependent: H(alpha) emission characteristic of accretion, especially strong
accretion (EW(H(alpha)) > 10 angstroms), is much more prevalent around stars
later than G0. Strong H(alpha) emission from accretion is typically associated
with redder Ks-[8] colors. The existence of accreting pre-main sequence stars
in h and chi Persei implies that circumstellar gas in some systems, especially
those with primaries later than G5 spectral type, can last longer than 10-15
Myr.
| astro-ph | we report the discovery of accretion disks associated with 13 myrold intermediatelowmass stars in h and chi persei optical spectroscopy of 5000 stars in these clusters and a surrounding halo population reveal 32 ak stars with halpha emission matching these stars with 2mass and optical photometry yields 25 stars with the highest probability of cluster membership and ewhalpha 5 angstroms sixteen of these sources have ewhalpha 10 angstroms the population of accreting sources is strongly spectral type dependent halpha emission characteristic of accretion especially strong accretion ewhalpha 10 angstroms is much more prevalent around stars later than g0 strong halpha emission from accretion is typically associated with redder ks8 colors the existence of accreting premain sequence stars in h and chi persei implies that circumstellar gas in some systems especially those with primaries later than g5 spectral type can last longer than 1015 myr | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'accretion', 'disks', 'associated', 'with', '13', 'myrold', 'intermediatelowmass', 'stars', 'in', 'h', 'and', 'chi', 'persei', 'optical', 'spectroscopy', 'of', '5000', 'stars', 'in', 'these', 'clusters', 'and', 'a', 'surrounding', 'halo', 'population', 'reveal', '32', 'ak', 'stars', 'with', 'halpha', 'emission', 'matching', 'these', 'stars', 'with', '2mass', 'and', 'optical', 'photometry', 'yields', '25', 'stars', 'with', 'the', 'highest', 'probability', 'of', 'cluster', 'membership', 'and', 'ewhalpha', '5', 'angstroms', 'sixteen', 'of', 'these', 'sources', 'have', 'ewhalpha', '10', 'angstroms', 'the', 'population', 'of', 'accreting', 'sources', 'is', 'strongly', 'spectral', 'type', 'dependent', 'halpha', 'emission', 'characteristic', 'of', 'accretion', 'especially', 'strong', 'accretion', 'ewhalpha', '10', 'angstroms', 'is', 'much', 'more', 'prevalent', 'around', 'stars', 'later', 'than', 'g0', 'strong', 'halpha', 'emission', 'from', 'accretion', 'is', 'typically', 'associated', 'with', 'redder', 'ks8', 'colors', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'accreting', 'premain', 'sequence', 'stars', 'in', 'h', 'and', 'chi', 'persei', 'implies', 'that', 'circumstellar', 'gas', 'in', 'some', 'systems', 'especially', 'those', 'with', 'primaries', 'later', 'than', 'g5', 'spectral', 'type', 'can', 'last', 'longer', 'than', '1015', 'myr']] | [-0.03201074867755162, 0.17748815448746294, -0.0212403414510451, 0.10714494268869057, -0.13773499667755218, -0.12813641937364909, 0.05630824887079766, 0.49405665241077645, -0.10676749488273701, -0.369609901206112, 0.05063337507703296, -0.3455215539210118, 0.05249916072251028, 0.1957433057128341, -0.04908152015483287, -0.07831661643580878, 0.11811826705046884, -0.06660186638241516, -0.03496858124113218, -0.2940861495494923, 0.30776026127233097, -0.019458301199300514, 0.04132283369968222, -0.09788966312323912, -0.04839452070190565, -0.1531308894403852, -0.09683444372775567, -0.08469014362777239, -0.17153584112282363, 0.02898494766290801, 0.2229342277396236, 0.12299962607179801, 0.23762428541700323, -0.26951192264034823, -0.1982154319363738, 0.06517275721095242, 0.2710331378348328, -0.05047867495983422, -0.04699851851635596, -0.24389039958221512, 0.09739979843924904, -0.18232847272395644, -0.15171585428093762, 0.14167711005214004, 0.12646281500379522, 0.04743873029035497, -0.2041983363817778, 0.15747590762908226, 0.04092451718463269, 0.19038985703804798, -0.15339124761521816, -0.1512348520068022, -0.10147500681280569, -0.0188243094236603, -0.002304294444555482, 0.094968454231723, 0.1828829196665983, -0.16347073634005302, -0.007310585353289034, 0.3905558488364299, -0.1347580236199408, 0.12840316040845184, 0.26435586261738847, -0.2836798028108644, -0.17416794621222814, 0.21948620686112166, 0.05900564614579186, 0.20809426190090607, -0.15528715657838782, -0.044037872344545266, -0.0029124582554311395, 0.26589683651715723, 0.0877437392718621, 0.14319265949811746, 0.341977655382866, 0.0849133175862888, 0.0029852372175733837, 0.07934970367322122, -0.3060206810958436, -0.024465798882285617, -0.1618941250677266, -0.09164971829281299, -0.06852560348391949, 0.15836554425084717, -0.18703588951080696, -0.11764612999643766, 0.30031733462339516, 0.07066562490772221, 0.19011143671830635, 0.06672336534316932, 0.22209711285581538, 0.1144886540991443, 0.1383340494866789, 0.18660015895493798, 0.2822273184386183, 0.2537841960735671, 0.09201686550908676, -0.2281302988779132, 0.05666777988817621, -0.008280539603487075] |
709.1848 | CP Violation and Flavour Mixings in Orbifold GUTs | We address the flavour problem by incorporating the hypothesis of universal
strength of Yukawa couplings in the framework of a 5D GUT model compactified on
an $S^1/(Z_2 \times Z_2^{\prime})$ orbifold. We show that a quantitatively
successful picture of fermion masses and mixings emerges from the interplay
between the bulk suppression factors of geometric origin and the phases of the
Yukawa matrices. We give an explicit example, where we obtain a good fit for
both the CKM and PMNS matrices.
| hep-ph | we address the flavour problem by incorporating the hypothesis of universal strength of yukawa couplings in the framework of a 5d gut model compactified on an s1z_2 times z_2prime orbifold we show that a quantitatively successful picture of fermion masses and mixings emerges from the interplay between the bulk suppression factors of geometric origin and the phases of the yukawa matrices we give an explicit example where we obtain a good fit for both the ckm and pmns matrices | [['we', 'address', 'the', 'flavour', 'problem', 'by', 'incorporating', 'the', 'hypothesis', 'of', 'universal', 'strength', 'of', 'yukawa', 'couplings', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'a', '5d', 'gut', 'model', 'compactified', 'on', 'an', 's1z_2', 'times', 'z_2prime', 'orbifold', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'a', 'quantitatively', 'successful', 'picture', 'of', 'fermion', 'masses', 'and', 'mixings', 'emerges', 'from', 'the', 'interplay', 'between', 'the', 'bulk', 'suppression', 'factors', 'of', 'geometric', 'origin', 'and', 'the', 'phases', 'of', 'the', 'yukawa', 'matrices', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'explicit', 'example', 'where', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'good', 'fit', 'for', 'both', 'the', 'ckm', 'and', 'pmns', 'matrices']] | [-0.14401497142654668, 0.18329159327955102, -0.04446381536795746, 0.14972585500984253, -0.03091537395895229, -0.15916559795106325, 0.07290455274566819, 0.30760485823619876, -0.2028179001770442, -0.29866540121928425, 0.03145078729832238, -0.24310625305022054, -0.16840864572293845, 0.09324015800463908, 0.0007642435405073286, 0.003656700984398021, -0.01496010238328312, -0.026408161213503607, -0.16068785896678042, -0.22144396491112966, 0.3460754554459377, 0.0062022166314853145, 0.25078740815007233, 0.13266643798686092, 0.10642030655371049, -0.05840492089974541, 0.028289016719341656, -0.08665745427148251, -0.13357892545292677, 0.10294347239180786, 0.16647294244163116, 0.07869210414871385, 0.06369037725785866, -0.4276941048004959, -0.1513023520348287, 0.11773958415547504, 0.13326257844219763, 0.11135678840919008, -0.061567068001243605, -0.3085448055209804, 0.030410430476635317, -0.20364439536381182, -0.15175775293543747, -0.088250952955524, -0.04537523686414278, -0.14795870109921014, -0.3780249636856061, 0.09375703811963808, -0.014462253243862829, 0.045761186538169844, -0.023230050136394138, -0.15289652623424801, -0.016792585908234875, 0.1082484230481654, 0.17900056721896074, -0.02227603285455534, 0.09005314387569699, -0.16633462623539794, -0.12972160273149044, 0.4245852218304254, -0.06728559748941584, -0.17609443857417076, 0.12064942722267742, -0.12709641476958264, -0.1457549718892367, 0.06274235100467701, 0.1669385786480683, 0.06516364640025776, -0.12367142237062696, 0.20865554159545469, -0.11518381917377628, 0.15999165321169775, 0.01957259945205967, 0.014469023157335534, 0.24826437249025213, 0.18992295122080588, 0.02163826728746578, 0.032440912956961346, -0.010546598450834804, -0.08124534148557842, -0.3937275773503735, -0.11194817771357071, -0.12235313529573098, 0.09593769719329061, -0.2007606993836448, -0.13914703126831712, 0.4640685537287706, 0.14025296731056244, 0.2872621819518412, 0.046321078283193554, 0.22005663725217403, 0.038248791076431546, 0.04465069646558052, 0.0018872883807443364, 0.24324120974899094, 0.16576764925052942, 0.03960053203627467, -0.25783094219403646, -0.009841119295834928, 0.16775415025509988] |
709.1849 | Characterization of Thermal Interface Materials to Support Thermal
Simulation | In this paper new characterization equipment for thermal interface materials
is presented. Thermal management of electronic products relies on the
effec-tive dissipation of heat. This can be achieved by the optimization of the
system design with the help of simulation methods. The precision of these
models relies also on the used material data. For the determi-nation of this
data an experimental set-up for a static measurement is presented, which
evaluates thermal conductivity and interface resistance of thermal inter-face
materials (e.g. adhesive, solder, pads, or pastes). A qualitative
structure-property correlation is pro-posed taking into account particle size,
filler content and void formation at the interface based on high resolution FIB
imaging. The paper gives an overview over the set-up and the measurement
technique and discusses experimental and simulation results.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in this paper new characterization equipment for thermal interface materials is presented thermal management of electronic products relies on the effective dissipation of heat this can be achieved by the optimization of the system design with the help of simulation methods the precision of these models relies also on the used material data for the determination of this data an experimental setup for a static measurement is presented which evaluates thermal conductivity and interface resistance of thermal interface materials eg adhesive solder pads or pastes a qualitative structureproperty correlation is proposed taking into account particle size filler content and void formation at the interface based on high resolution fib imaging the paper gives an overview over the setup and the measurement technique and discusses experimental and simulation results | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'new', 'characterization', 'equipment', 'for', 'thermal', 'interface', 'materials', 'is', 'presented', 'thermal', 'management', 'of', 'electronic', 'products', 'relies', 'on', 'the', 'effective', 'dissipation', 'of', 'heat', 'this', 'can', 'be', 'achieved', 'by', 'the', 'optimization', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'design', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'simulation', 'methods', 'the', 'precision', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'relies', 'also', 'on', 'the', 'used', 'material', 'data', 'for', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'this', 'data', 'an', 'experimental', 'setup', 'for', 'a', 'static', 'measurement', 'is', 'presented', 'which', 'evaluates', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'and', 'interface', 'resistance', 'of', 'thermal', 'interface', 'materials', 'eg', 'adhesive', 'solder', 'pads', 'or', 'pastes', 'a', 'qualitative', 'structureproperty', 'correlation', 'is', 'proposed', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'particle', 'size', 'filler', 'content', 'and', 'void', 'formation', 'at', 'the', 'interface', 'based', 'on', 'high', 'resolution', 'fib', 'imaging', 'the', 'paper', 'gives', 'an', 'overview', 'over', 'the', 'setup', 'and', 'the', 'measurement', 'technique', 'and', 'discusses', 'experimental', 'and', 'simulation', 'results']] | [-0.10547818705526879, 0.0691985434552862, -0.10309325685739168, -0.03215276680566603, -0.05432926123467041, -0.13237132822541753, 0.029455755569870234, 0.3758681357721798, -0.24571210767317098, -0.34152096404432086, 0.11005557455837334, -0.2773596842525876, -0.10834077338586212, 0.24210499386663287, -0.042713027680292726, 0.06504472270898987, 0.08496658986769035, -0.047522883856800036, -0.0334591228129284, -0.181859949225327, 0.29492901059529686, 0.13747703070384887, 0.3631905064903549, 0.1458559154671093, 0.10695995276364556, 0.039301276241531014, -0.04692376532693743, 0.04174321630762279, -0.16965410727425478, 0.13716794447100256, 0.23902704932098118, 0.053961113986588316, 0.19947186867284472, -0.47446518421929795, -0.19881040883046808, 0.0064337930889450945, 0.09582096261362949, 0.08856026595003641, -0.09862595815775421, -0.2456597798391158, 0.04504956506934832, -0.14648627132555703, -0.06976283945923001, -0.07785411477743764, -0.046418379821261624, 0.0021731450356128335, -0.2585971991356928, 0.05520855277472947, 0.02149217761325417, 0.08460892901803163, -0.10624323736192309, -0.1389793859434576, 0.02070727482350776, 0.11048995747660229, -0.005354151498977444, -0.025738925498444587, 0.20057299242398585, -0.12860229203033668, -0.07863088027579579, 0.3849204857397126, -0.011969547822445747, -0.17162095538515132, 0.2042918201586872, -0.09352461678281543, -0.06854685018606688, 0.13117158067143464, 0.1979953553454834, 0.066809198278861, -0.2086270363361109, 0.03460426294395802, 0.023526255019532982, 0.17931223322739243, 0.01354194263512909, 0.024194229030399583, 0.20748177942186885, 0.28185180074797245, 0.026900533528532833, 0.1663822407144835, -0.10496611205417139, -0.012133712050854228, -0.2762899711888167, -0.227519934574957, -0.1971337218346889, 0.009088618251553271, -0.1013271731420673, -0.1773353059506917, 0.40389358320135216, 0.18125675317787682, 0.14072998108895263, 0.000802254654445278, 0.34534122548939195, 0.06932753499495448, 0.059796364686917514, 0.003698959422763437, 0.22528329518718238, 0.11853770123161667, 0.178388653635011, -0.24209042872462305, 0.12192650122960913, 0.02075149204756599] |
709.185 | Ultrafast Temperature Profile Calculation in Ic Chips | One of the crucial steps in the design of an integrated circuit is the
minimization of heating and temperature non-uniformity. Current temperature
calculation methods, such as finite element analysis and resistor networks have
considerable computation times, making them incompatible for use in routing and
placement optimization algorithms. In an effort to reduce the computation time,
we have developed a new method, deemed power blurring, for calculating
temperature distributions using a matrix convolution technique in analogy with
image blurring. For steady state analysis, power blurring was able to predict
hot spot temperatures within 1 degree C with computation times 3 orders of
magnitude faster than FEA. For transient analysis the computation times where
enhanced by a factor of 1000 for a single pulse and around 100 for multiple
frequency application, while predicting hot spot temperature within about 1
degree C. The main strength of the power blurring technique is that it exploits
the dominant heat spreading in the silicon substrate and it uses superposition
principle. With one or two finite element simulations, the temperature point
spread function for a sophisticated package can be calculated. Additional
simulations could be used to improve the accuracy of the point spread function
in different locations on the chip. In this calculation, we considered the
dominant heat transfer path through the back of the IC chip and the heat sink.
Heat transfer from the top of the chip through metallization layers and the
board is usually a small fraction of the total heat dissipation and it is
neglected in this analysis.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | one of the crucial steps in the design of an integrated circuit is the minimization of heating and temperature nonuniformity current temperature calculation methods such as finite element analysis and resistor networks have considerable computation times making them incompatible for use in routing and placement optimization algorithms in an effort to reduce the computation time we have developed a new method deemed power blurring for calculating temperature distributions using a matrix convolution technique in analogy with image blurring for steady state analysis power blurring was able to predict hot spot temperatures within 1 degree c with computation times 3 orders of magnitude faster than fea for transient analysis the computation times where enhanced by a factor of 1000 for a single pulse and around 100 for multiple frequency application while predicting hot spot temperature within about 1 degree c the main strength of the power blurring technique is that it exploits the dominant heat spreading in the silicon substrate and it uses superposition principle with one or two finite element simulations the temperature point spread function for a sophisticated package can be calculated additional simulations could be used to improve the accuracy of the point spread function in different locations on the chip in this calculation we considered the dominant heat transfer path through the back of the ic chip and the heat sink heat transfer from the top of the chip through metallization layers and the board is usually a small fraction of the total heat dissipation and it is neglected in this analysis | [['one', 'of', 'the', 'crucial', 'steps', 'in', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'an', 'integrated', 'circuit', 'is', 'the', 'minimization', 'of', 'heating', 'and', 'temperature', 'nonuniformity', 'current', 'temperature', 'calculation', 'methods', 'such', 'as', 'finite', 'element', 'analysis', 'and', 'resistor', 'networks', 'have', 'considerable', 'computation', 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'neglected', 'in', 'this', 'analysis']] | [-0.08207101199739411, 0.09413785605118427, -0.052181392153907644, 0.02149469048314381, -0.020341982953615632, -0.14055068693945513, 0.0725325733140184, 0.40177118490431823, -0.2734227417714839, -0.3292318354278584, 0.11284608649564724, -0.2796211178989752, -0.07626830104638037, 0.22644861927347296, -0.009508642930007886, 0.05832569930958105, 0.054989777606291076, 0.009074622997785827, -0.05805080795047723, -0.19661962544162045, 0.2662913656666277, 0.10734429368840567, 0.28344083937871106, 0.07010978377771143, 0.08371173456932107, 0.0016891513585898222, -0.036633615870960055, 0.0017604274072629564, -0.0905178215182626, 0.08092290035668104, 0.23626663978576806, 0.07666668402140632, 0.27180103387902765, -0.444582079628519, -0.25114022039205713, 0.09343850100960802, 0.1243740049081252, 0.09034333001438748, -0.036432956175549945, -0.1928592533786215, 0.07825945712279017, -0.1658431540783175, -0.10443481299295729, -0.04420204131279652, 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709.1851 | A Coupled Thermoreflectance Thermography Experimental System and
Ultra-Fast Adaptive Computational Engine for the Complete Thermal
Characterization of Three-Dimensional Electronic Devices: Validation | This work builds on the previous introduction [1] of a coupled
experimental-computational system devised to fully characterize the thermal
behavior of complex 3D submicron electronic devices. The new system replaces
the laser-based surface temperature scanning approach with a CCD camera-based
approach. As before, the thermo-reflectance thermography system is used to
non-invasively measure with submicron resolution the 2D surface temperature
field of an activated device. The measured temperature field is then used as
input for an ultra-fast inverse computational solution to fully characterize
the thermal behavior of the complex three-dimensional device. For the purposes
of this investigation, basic micro-heater devices were built, activated, and
measured. In order to quantitatively validate the coupled
experimental-computational system, the system was used to extract geometric
features of a known device, thus assessing the system's ability to combine
measured experimental results and computations to fully characterize complex 3D
electronic devices.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this work builds on the previous introduction 1 of a coupled experimentalcomputational system devised to fully characterize the thermal behavior of complex 3d submicron electronic devices the new system replaces the laserbased surface temperature scanning approach with a ccd camerabased approach as before the thermoreflectance thermography system is used to noninvasively measure with submicron resolution the 2d surface temperature field of an activated device the measured temperature field is then used as input for an ultrafast inverse computational solution to fully characterize the thermal behavior of the complex threedimensional device for the purposes of this investigation basic microheater devices were built activated and measured in order to quantitatively validate the coupled experimentalcomputational system the system was used to extract geometric features of a known device thus assessing the systems ability to combine measured experimental results and computations to fully characterize complex 3d electronic devices | [['this', 'work', 'builds', 'on', 'the', 'previous', 'introduction', '1', 'of', 'a', 'coupled', 'experimentalcomputational', 'system', 'devised', 'to', 'fully', 'characterize', 'the', 'thermal', 'behavior', 'of', 'complex', '3d', 'submicron', 'electronic', 'devices', 'the', 'new', 'system', 'replaces', 'the', 'laserbased', 'surface', 'temperature', 'scanning', 'approach', 'with', 'a', 'ccd', 'camerabased', 'approach', 'as', 'before', 'the', 'thermoreflectance', 'thermography', 'system', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'noninvasively', 'measure', 'with', 'submicron', 'resolution', 'the', '2d', 'surface', 'temperature', 'field', 'of', 'an', 'activated', 'device', 'the', 'measured', 'temperature', 'field', 'is', 'then', 'used', 'as', 'input', 'for', 'an', 'ultrafast', 'inverse', 'computational', 'solution', 'to', 'fully', 'characterize', 'the', 'thermal', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'complex', 'threedimensional', 'device', 'for', 'the', 'purposes', 'of', 'this', 'investigation', 'basic', 'microheater', 'devices', 'were', 'built', 'activated', 'and', 'measured', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'quantitatively', 'validate', 'the', 'coupled', 'experimentalcomputational', 'system', 'the', 'system', 'was', 'used', 'to', 'extract', 'geometric', 'features', 'of', 'a', 'known', 'device', 'thus', 'assessing', 'the', 'systems', 'ability', 'to', 'combine', 'measured', 'experimental', 'results', 'and', 'computations', 'to', 'fully', 'characterize', 'complex', '3d', 'electronic', 'devices']] | [-0.0892237724749268, 0.07409121702645886, -0.093759097760388, -0.012271328069295527, -0.05695177603370717, -0.17041634310023962, 0.006180406942601419, 0.3718283958862432, -0.2838588824670296, -0.3419946641596552, 0.08053571436175844, -0.27949983666702694, -0.1476779537446823, 0.24278132020198326, -0.048498478795712195, 0.12446184646170069, 0.00758375305061539, -0.018855357993743382, -0.03219924127592498, -0.17707175321670043, 0.25964988752578694, 0.0844004393832923, 0.33005240810517633, 0.04444674475477465, 0.11962911699649542, -0.01206807146243389, -0.000545003115096026, 0.05028742108778614, -0.14650127491202308, 0.1210157906753011, 0.24208408768754452, 0.026241019879105605, 0.2039731513424259, -0.48558752360339796, -0.2506266741741759, 0.008988949844529593, 0.12349169455572134, 0.10553933753201111, -0.03333598605240695, -0.28428889275851865, 0.09512160559016694, -0.13899616109524182, -0.15251354135044595, -0.12884594169736374, -0.02560044529026426, -0.016390262123928148, -0.2292173183329093, -0.003998983473542871, -0.0014431238329658906, 0.08467668665172015, -0.09381352283536318, -0.04696097589637955, -0.004713570891504383, 0.1612576623156201, -0.06113524030181199, 0.034790571542948276, 0.21164254047390488, -0.1007777394665431, -0.10572811128885304, 0.3419636839664438, -0.05380770559794554, -0.14116272655923645, 0.20673733483514903, -0.13511759538475113, -0.03762104380520112, 0.15238231602900973, 0.19305097977242744, 0.1315631523296664, -0.22978123436526707, 0.017638954569216974, 0.03676435832555095, 0.22576115321135148, -0.006468796643376764, 0.04779878362185425, 0.182631873674432, 0.2537755122797939, -0.0012619071025660054, 0.14946665315316446, -0.13046754532034457, -0.01915153292065952, -0.20908741330883154, -0.19677957440015031, -0.21996705822594878, 0.04416570012431799, -0.016853249857174686, -0.17665901293124384, 0.4077158095315099, 0.2113161321807032, 0.16620844258512887, -0.009960791438869718, 0.35273581110717106, 0.0935214969811366, 0.08115634575571878, -0.008748892187011532, 0.20271836091221, 0.16313328165819663, 0.17271468077928553, -0.26190281168156715, 0.04089458569311925, 0.018496832393187407] |
709.1852 | Thermal Transient Multisource Simulation Using Cubic Spline
Interpolation of Zth Functions | This paper presents a very straightforward method to compute the transient
thermal response to arbitrary power dissipation profiles in electronic devices
with multiple heat sources. Using cubic spline interpolation of simulated or
measured unit power step response curves (Zth-functions), additional errors due
to model reduction can be avoided. No effort has to be spent on the generation
of compact models. The simple analytic form of the interpolating splines can be
exploited to evaluate the convolution integral of the Zth-functions with
arbitrary power profiles at low computational costs. An implementation of the
algorithm in a spreadsheet program (EXCEL) is demonstrated. The results are in
very good agreement with temperature profiles computed by transient Finite
Element simulation but can be obtained in a fraction of the time.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper presents a very straightforward method to compute the transient thermal response to arbitrary power dissipation profiles in electronic devices with multiple heat sources using cubic spline interpolation of simulated or measured unit power step response curves zthfunctions additional errors due to model reduction can be avoided no effort has to be spent on the generation of compact models the simple analytic form of the interpolating splines can be exploited to evaluate the convolution integral of the zthfunctions with arbitrary power profiles at low computational costs an implementation of the algorithm in a spreadsheet program excel is demonstrated the results are in very good agreement with temperature profiles computed by transient finite element simulation but can be obtained in a fraction of the time | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'very', 'straightforward', 'method', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'transient', 'thermal', 'response', 'to', 'arbitrary', 'power', 'dissipation', 'profiles', 'in', 'electronic', 'devices', 'with', 'multiple', 'heat', 'sources', 'using', 'cubic', 'spline', 'interpolation', 'of', 'simulated', 'or', 'measured', 'unit', 'power', 'step', 'response', 'curves', 'zthfunctions', 'additional', 'errors', 'due', 'to', 'model', 'reduction', 'can', 'be', 'avoided', 'no', 'effort', 'has', 'to', 'be', 'spent', 'on', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'compact', 'models', 'the', 'simple', 'analytic', 'form', 'of', 'the', 'interpolating', 'splines', 'can', 'be', 'exploited', 'to', 'evaluate', 'the', 'convolution', 'integral', 'of', 'the', 'zthfunctions', 'with', 'arbitrary', 'power', 'profiles', 'at', 'low', 'computational', 'costs', 'an', 'implementation', 'of', 'the', 'algorithm', 'in', 'a', 'spreadsheet', 'program', 'excel', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'in', 'very', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'temperature', 'profiles', 'computed', 'by', 'transient', 'finite', 'element', 'simulation', 'but', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'in', 'a', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'time']] | [-0.10831147304554356, 0.05138529062650178, -0.11238295761716922, 0.05519460723167512, -0.07749135671297043, -0.13623038090659473, 0.04317587212095325, 0.4217641674648456, -0.25912922688540285, -0.3418213513270929, 0.12034578343883641, -0.2530987493512107, -0.09757337696676151, 0.2612813312533819, -0.06527215701232596, 0.08601978422441649, 0.07238258334535469, -0.016897064005214023, -0.06823600991061185, -0.25465770774119634, 0.22585112597354182, 0.10096960979120094, 0.2605107576279651, 0.03348062255957383, 0.08326268734834422, -0.049593114945280355, -0.04474895687894971, 0.05073888180020258, -0.06259377411002581, 0.12648784016009149, 0.29395158004292643, 0.057228937097711534, 0.2542747557844694, -0.4788079950049883, -0.2214783483328737, 0.11526683927513659, 0.11665734324255973, 0.09609294685012684, -0.06724328981102937, -0.19979981178554093, 0.07417141549228652, -0.18799267815259413, -0.15247960492949156, -0.11247939098535514, -0.010172620877562984, 0.040056103096548015, -0.2833931376453398, 0.0676546315965432, -0.022666925361391338, 0.05910924661571417, -0.04182505697673054, -0.09049528029300576, -0.01747848984702089, 0.10714109411379852, -0.010492685108021567, 0.04923109257427173, 0.1256915033237471, -0.10958538752192834, -0.092389752978565, 0.3773228268373788, -0.08757232064456959, -0.21950700764290657, 0.15069042914925612, -0.13661407200786158, -0.08778626915461164, 0.18232105461486836, 0.19424620275272103, 0.08521348839222048, -0.14803043704449645, 0.0628048386483934, 0.031689610608618676, 0.18982833735190513, 0.0510332136361943, -0.011223537547902366, 0.18588361394690062, 0.13698719132869558, 0.017051499056803986, 0.18758382559072498, -0.07528013088626832, -0.04881540816883004, -0.2751490504379627, -0.12213434955877502, -0.21011043644351204, 0.020199099532896427, -0.10607984805161633, -0.16600244423342353, 0.39437271104709104, 0.10341933238267051, 0.18168676751750953, 0.08483095953952734, 0.3440287158922936, 0.1908701315486228, 0.09445012528903601, 0.07443604026580365, 0.1815629847559745, 0.08828485388558631, 0.10169082201120057, -0.2338044257357535, 0.09315607935145007, 0.031977527078271395] |
709.1853 | Formation of Moving Magnetic Features and Penumbral Magnetic Fields with
Hinode/SOT | Vector magnetic fields of moving magnetic features (MMFs) are well observed
with the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard the Hinode satellite. We focus on
the evolution of three MMFs with the SOT in this study. We found that an MMF
having relatively vertical fields with polarity same as the sunspot is detached
from the penumbra around the granules appeared in the outer penumbra. This
suggests that granular motions in the outer penumbra are responsible for the
disintegration of the sunspot. Two MMFs with polarity opposite to the sunspot
are located around the outer edge of horizontal fields extending from the
penumbra. This is an evidence that the MMFs with polarity opposite to the
sunspot are prolongation of penumbral horizontal fields. Radshifts larger than
sonic velocity in the photosphere are detected for some of the MMFs with
polarity opposite to the sunspot.
| astro-ph | vector magnetic fields of moving magnetic features mmfs are well observed with the solar optical telescope sot aboard the hinode satellite we focus on the evolution of three mmfs with the sot in this study we found that an mmf having relatively vertical fields with polarity same as the sunspot is detached from the penumbra around the granules appeared in the outer penumbra this suggests that granular motions in the outer penumbra are responsible for the disintegration of the sunspot two mmfs with polarity opposite to the sunspot are located around the outer edge of horizontal fields extending from the penumbra this is an evidence that the mmfs with polarity opposite to the sunspot are prolongation of penumbral horizontal fields radshifts larger than sonic velocity in the photosphere are detected for some of the mmfs with polarity opposite to the sunspot | [['vector', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'of', 'moving', 'magnetic', 'features', 'mmfs', 'are', 'well', 'observed', 'with', 'the', 'solar', 'optical', 'telescope', 'sot', 'aboard', 'the', 'hinode', 'satellite', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'three', 'mmfs', 'with', 'the', 'sot', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'an', 'mmf', 'having', 'relatively', 'vertical', 'fields', 'with', 'polarity', 'same', 'as', 'the', 'sunspot', 'is', 'detached', 'from', 'the', 'penumbra', 'around', 'the', 'granules', 'appeared', 'in', 'the', 'outer', 'penumbra', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'granular', 'motions', 'in', 'the', 'outer', 'penumbra', 'are', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'disintegration', 'of', 'the', 'sunspot', 'two', 'mmfs', 'with', 'polarity', 'opposite', 'to', 'the', 'sunspot', 'are', 'located', 'around', 'the', 'outer', 'edge', 'of', 'horizontal', 'fields', 'extending', 'from', 'the', 'penumbra', 'this', 'is', 'an', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'mmfs', 'with', 'polarity', 'opposite', 'to', 'the', 'sunspot', 'are', 'prolongation', 'of', 'penumbral', 'horizontal', 'fields', 'radshifts', 'larger', 'than', 'sonic', 'velocity', 'in', 'the', 'photosphere', 'are', 'detected', 'for', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'mmfs', 'with', 'polarity', 'opposite', 'to', 'the', 'sunspot']] | [-0.16958998159638472, 0.23432663291647, 0.005606684467888304, 0.05245449054636993, -0.13276576410446847, -0.022997249995491336, -0.059280238283307495, 0.4658175071036177, -0.22718706182204187, -0.3340406746537026, 0.08051930144595515, -0.2593886185570487, -0.1387045394562717, 0.2208421321619036, -0.05579268976746659, -0.05093876512588135, 0.06873890485190454, 0.03678536224511585, 0.02187269153156584, -0.16989959268165486, 0.28177277986625476, 0.053557157669482484, 0.2553003193677536, -0.055483760130924306, 0.025784849362181766, -0.15699684429315053, -0.0394667365571617, 0.05521553713562233, -0.06869092530349527, 0.10482811074970023, 0.17433249622949265, 0.0029268892049523335, 0.24124661257540408, -0.49341566669089454, -0.16572217625964966, -0.015952303832662957, 0.199185505213349, 0.02273019305347199, -0.05079612612940504, -0.3377258007680731, 0.10179618609337403, -0.02234309161971656, -0.15288601667354149, 0.12603579900626624, 0.0329738425157432, 0.047975005154564446, -0.21343514827645516, 0.0562666819963072, 0.06276449162396602, 0.22400485188035027, -0.1421220732353894, -0.0781733781681396, -0.13855837798328138, 0.18117960322581764, 0.1684110533612381, 0.03275884141912684, 0.1705703689479768, -0.11671533027963181, -0.05846601519234745, 0.3419342785009316, -0.06453416723244508, -0.02762411615279104, 0.11759750097990036, -0.2715222512238792, -0.08879071381940906, 0.1811523443337397, 0.1281346141294177, 0.06538080692823445, -0.03533232663092869, -0.01924755107611418, -0.1510867929851104, 0.0911299935409001, 0.114521825376765, -0.015550371355909321, 0.30859309787462863, 0.0835125558011766, 0.11939855446772916, 0.1537377285837595, -0.3231782046196583, -0.10957823537007373, -0.2759914684641574, -0.1475540811013031, -0.07986787054022508, -0.025954449203397546, -0.08100232574423509, -0.232281840313226, 0.4297864017924959, 0.13916150206433875, 0.22813919209209935, -0.024527489026409707, 0.3240477246099285, 0.07445909414091148, 0.16722939723570432, 0.18165257641313864, 0.3322668822592407, 0.22891008395568602, 0.23447571361570485, -0.20837153279987564, 0.06594471938775054, 0.05373920494291399] |
709.1854 | CCD Thermoreflectance Thermography System: Methodology and Experimental
Validation | This work introduces a thermoreflectance-based system designed to measure the
surface temperature field of activated microelectronic devices at submicron
spatial resolution with either a laser or a CCD camera. The article describes
the system, outlines the measurement methodology, and presents validation
results. The thermo-reflectance thermography (TRTG) system is capable of
acquiring device surface temperature fields at up to 512x512 points with 0.2
$\mu$m resolution. The setup and measurement methodology are presented, along
with details of the calibration process required to convert changes in measured
surface reflectivity to absolute temperatures. To demonstrate the system's
capabilities, standard gold micro-resistors are activated and their surface
temperature fields are measured. The results of the CCD camera and our existing
laser-based measurement approaches are compared and found to be in very good
agreement. Finally, the system is validated by comparing the temperatures
obtained with the TRTG method with those obtained from electrical resistance
measurements.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this work introduces a thermoreflectancebased system designed to measure the surface temperature field of activated microelectronic devices at submicron spatial resolution with either a laser or a ccd camera the article describes the system outlines the measurement methodology and presents validation results the thermoreflectance thermography trtg system is capable of acquiring device surface temperature fields at up to 512x512 points with 02 mum resolution the setup and measurement methodology are presented along with details of the calibration process required to convert changes in measured surface reflectivity to absolute temperatures to demonstrate the systems capabilities standard gold microresistors are activated and their surface temperature fields are measured the results of the ccd camera and our existing laserbased measurement approaches are compared and found to be in very good agreement finally the system is validated by comparing the temperatures obtained with the trtg method with those obtained from electrical resistance measurements | [['this', 'work', 'introduces', 'a', 'thermoreflectancebased', 'system', 'designed', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'surface', 'temperature', 'field', 'of', 'activated', 'microelectronic', 'devices', 'at', 'submicron', 'spatial', 'resolution', 'with', 'either', 'a', 'laser', 'or', 'a', 'ccd', 'camera', 'the', 'article', 'describes', 'the', 'system', 'outlines', 'the', 'measurement', 'methodology', 'and', 'presents', 'validation', 'results', 'the', 'thermoreflectance', 'thermography', 'trtg', 'system', 'is', 'capable', 'of', 'acquiring', 'device', 'surface', 'temperature', 'fields', 'at', 'up', 'to', '512x512', 'points', 'with', '02', 'mum', 'resolution', 'the', 'setup', 'and', 'measurement', 'methodology', 'are', 'presented', 'along', 'with', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'calibration', 'process', 'required', 'to', 'convert', 'changes', 'in', 'measured', 'surface', 'reflectivity', 'to', 'absolute', 'temperatures', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'systems', 'capabilities', 'standard', 'gold', 'microresistors', 'are', 'activated', 'and', 'their', 'surface', 'temperature', 'fields', 'are', 'measured', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'ccd', 'camera', 'and', 'our', 'existing', 'laserbased', 'measurement', 'approaches', 'are', 'compared', 'and', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'in', 'very', 'good', 'agreement', 'finally', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'validated', 'by', 'comparing', 'the', 'temperatures', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'trtg', 'method', 'with', 'those', 'obtained', 'from', 'electrical', 'resistance', 'measurements']] | [-0.088255070661807, 0.10499895051797878, -0.08081557712643662, -0.05544671611511298, -0.0036448440498557605, -0.17733864068198782, 0.03279894819779781, 0.43084224915667757, -0.22355978776164964, -0.3914590700185054, 0.08947585518105108, -0.31483916419379615, -0.06481512904977299, 0.2796697058852073, -0.08693190910438815, 0.07841919820750937, 0.07916431661618695, -0.032225715919008656, -0.05451325541011326, -0.20209407018599648, 0.24164459730613314, 0.09635227865679827, 0.33000796597629584, 0.0398625123269907, 0.12435902056143913, -0.026994789268004978, -0.056184130982329994, 0.055660141954096416, -0.13306952911518413, 0.09498435607558149, 0.25721294591713645, 0.019192738869157303, 0.1655850726568893, -0.4147516981226532, -0.19989893126799024, 0.008360794340324116, 0.0718090359619117, 0.09823797037506042, -0.058750170008725906, -0.2873431369981231, 0.07893313234034058, -0.09423504684324542, -0.14327917591027184, -0.07072443256716002, -0.05202324859947859, 0.021823919813351956, -0.24417035321885247, 0.039784052533620634, -0.0294829148349467, 0.1285088908705503, -0.08918949611270115, -0.11757351042326437, -0.012147506486866879, 0.10275901432550984, -0.003796844491424128, 0.06364946905523539, 0.21189616371124778, -0.10128300941759746, -0.06324137507440293, 0.33794381204125, -0.0796073251798564, -0.12427225496184578, 0.2066675127947971, -0.17872502019769218, -0.015011417982487441, 0.18362385561141148, 0.13486713777959652, 0.101067286437658, -0.20747980223139365, 0.02201365256540107, 0.08073716347300358, 0.20692143925108425, 0.053138826715389956, 0.03976567673184136, 0.21565288279766906, 0.23167354126033463, 0.0037240120969004673, 0.11119352461696819, -0.174517919494426, 0.0003295997221482127, -0.264703693678475, -0.1511580501045164, -0.18335592091619357, 0.0021408292056660947, -0.038163231513028396, -0.10491989122756297, 0.37123745040049494, 0.20807127748960502, 0.17657236132311493, 0.04347668545582166, 0.36317455197033816, 0.09530181413490886, 0.09546002280525226, 0.012903658721009141, 0.23974057195519977, 0.13876513450299643, 0.1675055561370331, -0.22247353671852194, 0.034449312776926755, -0.023286682456310787] |
709.1855 | GRB 060218: The nature of the optical-UV component | The optical-UV component in GRB 060218 is assumed to be due to optically
thick cyclotron emission. The key aspect of this model is the high temperature
of the absorbing electrons. The heat input derives from nuclei accelerated in
semi-relativistic internal shocks, like in ordinary gamma-ray bursts. Coulomb
collisions transfer part of that energy to electrons. Inverse Compton cooling
on the X-ray photons leads to electron temperatures around 100 keV. Such a high
brightness temperature for the optical-UV emission implies an emitting area
roughly equal to that of the thermal X-ray component. This suggests a model in
which the radio, optical-UV and thermal X-ray emission are closely related:
Although the optical-UV and thermal X-ray emission are two separate spectral
components, it is argued that they both come from the photosphere of a
quasi-spherical, continuous outflow, whose interaction with the circumstellar
medium gives rise to the radio emission. The properties of GRB 060218, as
measured in the co-moving frame, are similar to those of ordinary gamma-ray
burst; i.e., the main difference is the much lower value of the bulk Lorentz
factor in GRB 060218. The cyclotron absorption implies a magnetic field in
rough equipartition with the matter energy density in the outflow. Hence, the
magnetic field could have a dynamically important role, possibly with a
magnetar as the central engine.
| astro-ph | the opticaluv component in grb 060218 is assumed to be due to optically thick cyclotron emission the key aspect of this model is the high temperature of the absorbing electrons the heat input derives from nuclei accelerated in semirelativistic internal shocks like in ordinary gammaray bursts coulomb collisions transfer part of that energy to electrons inverse compton cooling on the xray photons leads to electron temperatures around 100 kev such a high brightness temperature for the opticaluv emission implies an emitting area roughly equal to that of the thermal xray component this suggests a model in which the radio opticaluv and thermal xray emission are closely related although the opticaluv and thermal xray emission are two separate spectral components it is argued that they both come from the photosphere of a quasispherical continuous outflow whose interaction with the circumstellar medium gives rise to the radio emission the properties of grb 060218 as measured in the comoving frame are similar to those of ordinary gammaray burst ie the main difference is the much lower value of the bulk lorentz factor in grb 060218 the cyclotron absorption implies a magnetic field in rough equipartition with the matter energy density in the outflow hence the magnetic field could have a dynamically important role possibly with a magnetar as the central engine | [['the', 'opticaluv', 'component', 'in', 'grb', '060218', 'is', 'assumed', 'to', 'be', 'due', 'to', 'optically', 'thick', 'cyclotron', 'emission', 'the', 'key', 'aspect', 'of', 'this', 'model', 'is', 'the', 'high', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'absorbing', 'electrons', 'the', 'heat', 'input', 'derives', 'from', 'nuclei', 'accelerated', 'in', 'semirelativistic', 'internal', 'shocks', 'like', 'in', 'ordinary', 'gammaray', 'bursts', 'coulomb', 'collisions', 'transfer', 'part', 'of', 'that', 'energy', 'to', 'electrons', 'inverse', 'compton', 'cooling', 'on', 'the', 'xray', 'photons', 'leads', 'to', 'electron', 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709.1856 | -55 degrees C to 170 degrees C High Linear Voltage References Circuitry
in 0.18\`im Cmos Technology | High linear voltage references circuitry are designed and implemented in TSMC
0.18$\mu$m CMOS technology. Previous research has proposed the use of MOS
transistors operating in the weak inversion region to replace the bipolar
devices in conventional PTAT(proportional to absolute temperature) circuits.
However such solutions often have linearity problem in high temperature region
due to the current leaking devices in modern deep sub micron and nano-scale
CMOS technology. The proposed circuit utilized temperature complementation
technique on two voltage references, PTAT and IOAT (independent of absolute
temperature) references, to enhance the linearity and produce a more stable
IOAT voltage reference. Base on the simulation results, the R-squares of both
circuitries are better than 0.999 in a considerable wider temperature range
from -55 degrees C to 170 degrees C. Thus, a fully integrated temperature
sensor with wider temperature range is designed and easily to integrate to
modern system-on-chip designs with minimal efforts.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | high linear voltage references circuitry are designed and implemented in tsmc 018mum cmos technology previous research has proposed the use of mos transistors operating in the weak inversion region to replace the bipolar devices in conventional ptatproportional to absolute temperature circuits however such solutions often have linearity problem in high temperature region due to the current leaking devices in modern deep sub micron and nanoscale cmos technology the proposed circuit utilized temperature complementation technique on two voltage references ptat and ioat independent of absolute temperature references to enhance the linearity and produce a more stable ioat voltage reference base on the simulation results the rsquares of both circuitries are better than 0999 in a considerable wider temperature range from 55 degrees c to 170 degrees c thus a fully integrated temperature sensor with wider temperature range is designed and easily to integrate to modern systemonchip designs with minimal efforts | [['high', 'linear', 'voltage', 'references', 'circuitry', 'are', 'designed', 'and', 'implemented', 'in', 'tsmc', '018mum', 'cmos', 'technology', 'previous', 'research', 'has', 'proposed', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'mos', 'transistors', 'operating', 'in', 'the', 'weak', 'inversion', 'region', 'to', 'replace', 'the', 'bipolar', 'devices', 'in', 'conventional', 'ptatproportional', 'to', 'absolute', 'temperature', 'circuits', 'however', 'such', 'solutions', 'often', 'have', 'linearity', 'problem', 'in', 'high', 'temperature', 'region', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'current', 'leaking', 'devices', 'in', 'modern', 'deep', 'sub', 'micron', 'and', 'nanoscale', 'cmos', 'technology', 'the', 'proposed', 'circuit', 'utilized', 'temperature', 'complementation', 'technique', 'on', 'two', 'voltage', 'references', 'ptat', 'and', 'ioat', 'independent', 'of', 'absolute', 'temperature', 'references', 'to', 'enhance', 'the', 'linearity', 'and', 'produce', 'a', 'more', 'stable', 'ioat', 'voltage', 'reference', 'base', 'on', 'the', 'simulation', 'results', 'the', 'rsquares', 'of', 'both', 'circuitries', 'are', 'better', 'than', '0999', 'in', 'a', 'considerable', 'wider', 'temperature', 'range', 'from', '55', 'degrees', 'c', 'to', '170', 'degrees', 'c', 'thus', 'a', 'fully', 'integrated', 'temperature', 'sensor', 'with', 'wider', 'temperature', 'range', 'is', 'designed', 'and', 'easily', 'to', 'integrate', 'to', 'modern', 'systemonchip', 'designs', 'with', 'minimal', 'efforts']] | [-0.0905210373514112, 0.068663429095371, 0.009656187942406783, -0.029040995751630463, -0.07549448611421718, -0.21063991344029395, 0.06202446165520491, 0.4382088664149503, -0.23361048783408478, -0.3621857363743604, 0.1036877979074941, -0.25721437415470266, -0.05228801190646158, 0.2792042732633288, -0.1003269273015677, 0.08781955510332612, -0.005766689208232694, -0.03193450829065922, -0.05769260470636558, -0.2038091550154301, 0.16219547449145466, 0.11525246717893525, 0.3783767369524058, 0.055652157300048403, 0.08996780513027464, -0.0760691096988416, 0.018317105327797536, 0.01768240218451764, -0.09404456203305421, 0.08790621082638002, 0.33010063240120263, 0.05343942346649379, 0.27389598747767097, -0.4477948176855635, -0.22176752781767087, 0.05523577764572312, 0.08744785635745858, 0.07569188059359375, -0.04981783882299674, -0.24628669482707563, 0.12458648648397583, -0.17674451763579985, -0.09644120207404841, -0.04714078704980946, 0.018870549260302343, 0.020479705483820807, -0.22660603815974253, -0.004746143680272831, 0.017575176083482802, 0.10276721059280033, -0.006176833481529482, -0.17607526133845872, -0.014324152716047442, 0.07962040873240363, -0.08600180886666446, 0.05098872263382267, 0.22686858987759073, -0.10762891361244126, -0.10067836722979943, 0.30191145360004157, -0.05340598198189481, -0.13107651728690448, 0.20668087041283595, -0.13250936733008226, -0.040626295302192576, 0.15606653828743017, 0.16844642489579403, 0.061830336907102414, -0.18729847003447098, 0.06343731144887796, 0.08940691647714832, 0.22413056189866942, 0.07999057517412843, 0.0790818806433688, 0.22415552471809658, 0.20731601510326275, 0.07101163126369808, 0.1071132264478365, -0.11013110961680973, -0.059802517364409544, -0.23257191148392545, -0.12068921940064886, -0.13877677409295253, 0.03374231533638926, -0.07218084929455573, -0.1455559272241468, 0.3782994696779901, 0.22222567305693197, 0.12905589718623864, 0.017681286194905017, 0.351350177014764, 0.09928791425772943, 0.19162186856232843, 0.048957819879029155, 0.2344450616736948, 0.16195733169378299, 0.201976408920018, -0.1740319623576296, 0.029093845095808826, -0.06410298973140824] |
709.1857 | Gauge unification in noncommutative geometry | Gauge unification is widely considered to be a desirable feature for
extensions of the standard model. Unfortunately the standard model itself does
not exhibit a unification of its running gauge couplings but it is required by
grand unified theories as well as the noncommutative version of the standard
model [2].
We will consider here the extension of the noncommutative standard model by
vector doublets as proposed in [6]. Two consequences of this modification are:
1. the relations of the coupling constants at unification energy are altered
with respect to the well known relation from grand unified theories. 2. The
extended model allows for unification of the gauge couplings at ~10^(13) GeV.
| hep-ph | gauge unification is widely considered to be a desirable feature for extensions of the standard model unfortunately the standard model itself does not exhibit a unification of its running gauge couplings but it is required by grand unified theories as well as the noncommutative version of the standard model 2 we will consider here the extension of the noncommutative standard model by vector doublets as proposed in 6 two consequences of this modification are 1 the relations of the coupling constants at unification energy are altered with respect to the well known relation from grand unified theories 2 the extended model allows for unification of the gauge couplings at 1013 gev | [['gauge', 'unification', 'is', 'widely', 'considered', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'desirable', 'feature', 'for', 'extensions', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'unfortunately', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'itself', 'does', 'not', 'exhibit', 'a', 'unification', 'of', 'its', 'running', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'but', 'it', 'is', 'required', 'by', 'grand', 'unified', 'theories', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'noncommutative', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', '2', 'we', 'will', 'consider', 'here', 'the', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'noncommutative', 'standard', 'model', 'by', 'vector', 'doublets', 'as', 'proposed', 'in', '6', 'two', 'consequences', 'of', 'this', 'modification', 'are', '1', 'the', 'relations', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'constants', 'at', 'unification', 'energy', 'are', 'altered', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'well', 'known', 'relation', 'from', 'grand', 'unified', 'theories', '2', 'the', 'extended', 'model', 'allows', 'for', 'unification', 'of', 'the', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'at', '1013', 'gev']] | [-0.06342087460992236, 0.1627910543770135, -0.03301817241233883, 0.17264408397232392, -0.06421456908857501, -0.1844399569950461, -0.016300496955712635, 0.33145060544615396, -0.24785478151327855, -0.35474529481327227, 0.08288826164369983, -0.1990456266837616, -0.10729448376475154, 0.12855289346823753, -0.01609342845014154, 0.014410175718178318, -0.05824124914602385, 0.05155066234638562, -0.08214978118183779, -0.2257511915559335, 0.2787943406299025, 0.07365146176134413, 0.25326015985872896, 0.04949513558080202, 0.10487347198566338, -0.008497333831598496, 0.01670833052396103, -0.021670292593068904, -0.07613914614954444, 0.10515604875058876, 0.17304649478797843, 0.09355202632293373, 0.20535137979229828, -0.36828845657978776, -0.20988166929633767, 0.11201587127341243, 0.12058369509942897, 0.0870504362491874, -0.024118869208839832, -0.255777697917913, 0.08433331908062436, -0.22644997564740144, -0.14025401735472753, -0.06573003463379971, -0.060887732630100534, -0.04572238535242709, -0.29970816493051144, 0.08272569895898169, 0.039978509678647994, 0.03498032518771586, -0.03642820601240388, -0.0984866079026917, -0.0002881150675920753, 0.049055253755435485, 0.12099679487522456, 0.05003269845284186, 0.118525630521781, -0.16064619687532689, -0.178679269986009, 0.4827316092948119, -0.11517913287992144, -0.21024197876990378, 0.20726621784647373, -0.08640038169635174, -0.17084970339075536, 0.05160884799955933, 0.10174580130658976, 0.1011781031014146, -0.13211608909674594, 0.22107261601785147, -0.05463273886188462, 0.16309865141237104, -0.0024546251070123536, 0.04441883859669303, 0.23250220377870776, 0.15092452295829314, 0.024061289968321454, 0.06718841559979394, 0.0020134633717437587, -0.15148683519916492, -0.41722232186936076, -0.1266960594792607, -0.0969410816203333, 0.05278267792590185, -0.10370461295226689, -0.10143661390788652, 0.42581605548794205, 0.1569808158008298, 0.21903149969036784, 0.08304119020960554, 0.24649935264794812, 0.09729555962913511, 0.1726421316632548, -0.019998544298515126, 0.3087343242908786, 0.13278062263637916, 0.04867601511907672, -0.13763055146193584, -0.024455926720858424, 0.11669965124865239] |
709.1858 | Adaptive Coevolutionary Networks: A Review | Adaptive networks appear in many biological applications. They combine
topological evolution of the network with dynamics in the network nodes.
Recently, the dynamics of adaptive networks has been investigated in a number
of parallel studies from different fields, ranging from genomics to game
theory. Here we review these recent developments and show that they can be
viewed from a unique angle. We demonstrate that all these studies are
characterized by common themes, most prominently: complex dynamics and robust
topological self-organization based on simple local rules.
| physics.soc-ph cond-mat.stat-mech q-bio.PE | adaptive networks appear in many biological applications they combine topological evolution of the network with dynamics in the network nodes recently the dynamics of adaptive networks has been investigated in a number of parallel studies from different fields ranging from genomics to game theory here we review these recent developments and show that they can be viewed from a unique angle we demonstrate that all these studies are characterized by common themes most prominently complex dynamics and robust topological selforganization based on simple local rules | [['adaptive', 'networks', 'appear', 'in', 'many', 'biological', 'applications', 'they', 'combine', 'topological', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'network', 'with', 'dynamics', 'in', 'the', 'network', 'nodes', 'recently', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'adaptive', 'networks', 'has', 'been', 'investigated', 'in', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'parallel', 'studies', 'from', 'different', 'fields', 'ranging', 'from', 'genomics', 'to', 'game', 'theory', 'here', 'we', 'review', 'these', 'recent', 'developments', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'viewed', 'from', 'a', 'unique', 'angle', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'all', 'these', 'studies', 'are', 'characterized', 'by', 'common', 'themes', 'most', 'prominently', 'complex', 'dynamics', 'and', 'robust', 'topological', 'selforganization', 'based', 'on', 'simple', 'local', 'rules']] | [-0.12925504631198503, 0.11654331961317974, -0.10058796460575917, 0.03922862834571039, -0.0499241871156675, -0.12124794949503506, -0.01509115100317799, 0.42444992063786174, -0.3101767193923211, -0.2872371934354305, 0.10483095063074656, -0.24513675110305058, -0.3023124335361097, 0.21255723213886513, -0.06881470433162416, 0.055403456564390045, 0.05615613031036713, 0.01017559008563266, -0.009666996216401458, -0.23460354173884673, 0.3119750217972871, 0.00028780153130783753, 0.31816333481932385, 0.0031943459392470472, 0.06760539746678927, -0.02288037801216192, -0.05709381318815491, 0.11747414142934277, -0.12839199169350596, 0.14448627331568037, 0.2983796390348717, 0.1492984897320104, 0.3111609025474857, -0.5080107088474667, -0.2952172082136659, 0.07322249608114362, 0.14655820967848687, 0.13628521982361289, -0.07261698716183138, -0.2783852852990522, 0.08354556253727745, -0.13702304070979796, -0.06684888567885056, -0.13624671416028458, -0.012491132992812817, 0.07741334807018146, -0.19863768879543334, 0.014626877152306192, 0.005343904961174464, 0.09814395812504431, 0.0022279064472326463, -0.13034450976068482, -0.02683955928420319, 0.16230823486385976, 0.025412343409569823, -0.0025463320260100506, 0.13686170309562892, -0.15879741139052544, -0.215124350977952, 0.35765222907066346, -0.018675018397762495, -0.1325390717096846, 0.27673954653882366, -0.08624958815053105, -0.2245984977659057, 0.1011174612404669, 0.21553681154242332, 0.1209729203954339, -0.15174332619370784, 0.05095193716834354, -0.049474037066102025, 0.1279477474060567, 0.02617208239458063, 0.07945947722696206, 0.24659781090038665, 0.19637036093455904, 0.013259213691002086, 0.08451377116006745, -0.0480531266589156, -0.17115908007082695, -0.20437021831817487, -0.10271835092674284, -0.17471357804914828, 0.04885503686964512, -0.05549134143648724, -0.12451243126107489, 0.3977228066281361, 0.1790032672421897, 0.2046624847855556, -0.009759841289590386, 0.24872504271128598, 0.048818773820119746, 0.0932744616861729, 0.061849301637095566, 0.22863062416915508, 0.1213251802166376, 0.12124856544439407, -0.14251992135199115, 0.057021705927464236, 0.007554040860165568] |
709.1859 | Self-organized escape of oscillator chains in nonlinear potentials | We present the noise free escape of a chain of linearly interacting units
from a metastable state over a cubic on-site potential barrier. The underlying
dynamics is conservative and purely deterministic. The mutual interplay between
nonlinearity and harmonic interactions causes an initially uniform lattice
state to become unstable, leading to an energy redistribution with strong
localization. As a result a spontaneously emerging localized mode grows into a
critical nucleus. By surpassing this transition state, the nonlinear chain
manages a self-organized, deterministic barrier crossing. Most strikingly,
these noise-free, collective nonlinear escape events proceed generally by far
faster than transitions assisted by thermal noise when the ratio between the
average energy supplied per unit in the chain and the potential barrier energy
assumes small values.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | we present the noise free escape of a chain of linearly interacting units from a metastable state over a cubic onsite potential barrier the underlying dynamics is conservative and purely deterministic the mutual interplay between nonlinearity and harmonic interactions causes an initially uniform lattice state to become unstable leading to an energy redistribution with strong localization as a result a spontaneously emerging localized mode grows into a critical nucleus by surpassing this transition state the nonlinear chain manages a selforganized deterministic barrier crossing most strikingly these noisefree collective nonlinear escape events proceed generally by far faster than transitions assisted by thermal noise when the ratio between the average energy supplied per unit in the chain and the potential barrier energy assumes small values | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'noise', 'free', 'escape', 'of', 'a', 'chain', 'of', 'linearly', 'interacting', 'units', 'from', 'a', 'metastable', 'state', 'over', 'a', 'cubic', 'onsite', 'potential', 'barrier', 'the', 'underlying', 'dynamics', 'is', 'conservative', 'and', 'purely', 'deterministic', 'the', 'mutual', 'interplay', 'between', 'nonlinearity', 'and', 'harmonic', 'interactions', 'causes', 'an', 'initially', 'uniform', 'lattice', 'state', 'to', 'become', 'unstable', 'leading', 'to', 'an', 'energy', 'redistribution', 'with', 'strong', 'localization', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'a', 'spontaneously', 'emerging', 'localized', 'mode', 'grows', 'into', 'a', 'critical', 'nucleus', 'by', 'surpassing', 'this', 'transition', 'state', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'chain', 'manages', 'a', 'selforganized', 'deterministic', 'barrier', 'crossing', 'most', 'strikingly', 'these', 'noisefree', 'collective', 'nonlinear', 'escape', 'events', 'proceed', 'generally', 'by', 'far', 'faster', 'than', 'transitions', 'assisted', 'by', 'thermal', 'noise', 'when', 'the', 'ratio', 'between', 'the', 'average', 'energy', 'supplied', 'per', 'unit', 'in', 'the', 'chain', 'and', 'the', 'potential', 'barrier', 'energy', 'assumes', 'small', 'values']] | [-0.167423592329525, 0.23163694088234627, -0.03373664967588914, 0.08651572036768908, -0.012630184253439217, -0.17027611821147848, 0.09468101280953402, 0.3327503867174794, -0.3095210220454624, -0.2694651046446032, 0.03706250458338669, -0.3075969350652966, -0.09217289208275516, 0.14667985873766304, 0.040581409804280696, -0.0028661748665769213, 0.041386545134132834, 0.043949727782964465, 0.009597668537824618, -0.1692362943554403, 0.2750506060182806, 0.10368158303322346, 0.30389478764065153, 0.025902884241017964, 0.09135790270700203, 0.033262935904331686, 0.10200712146858375, -0.007563629793381788, -0.12700528825625657, 0.07162646532278295, 0.16722819338670017, -0.014319352434599787, 0.2941546597540742, -0.47654181809687035, -0.2250028186890853, 0.12556752342374888, 0.17334789237408801, 0.15185063536755922, -0.06052673517416867, -0.26980711389484446, -0.020183785155990987, -0.16653527030191287, -0.13140883982916007, -0.0340931407569688, 0.037055403796759076, 0.03223581173139193, -0.2679570085800639, 0.13174240002635776, 0.07612861495851199, 0.055095370376210026, -0.06869588752193906, -0.060312610289945105, -0.08103168835651463, 0.09526936583740568, 0.024815295972460048, 0.027432597013724195, 0.18227207417243985, -0.14799787254381275, -0.08005883635544195, 0.3372226491233531, -0.07342220385754349, -0.1596037355986068, 0.22448595411076053, -0.10000272629388827, -0.03564345671954315, 0.23914641842536621, 0.13986230602987657, 0.07226617623175441, -0.11855736120835389, 0.05271937003656389, 0.06569225575805195, 0.2088831378567237, 0.04615640177247607, 0.030414233447953572, 0.20915007483729017, 0.16674702997864566, 0.12652584353870736, 0.1813593183083808, -0.07059353953454553, -0.20801240710420457, -0.26335278181813476, -0.0991289601017668, -0.19341349043306985, 0.09393486165161419, -0.0728569478133733, -0.1717952033353409, 0.3748537027125618, 0.0933261956336914, 0.22580244628773108, 0.0269151642186022, 0.29243126133365965, 0.1644188780952775, 0.033332832028892465, 0.05374574589891344, 0.2520349964260964, 0.10413443793285244, 0.08589799117535443, -0.2475975493926979, 0.048104977530495426, 0.026895265333445335] |
709.186 | Modeling with structure of resins in electonic compornents | In recent years, interfacial fracture becomes one of the most important
problems in the assessment of reliability of electronics packaging. Especially,
underfill resin is used with solder joints in flip chip packaging for
preventing the thermal fatigue fracture in solder joints. In general, the
interfacial strength has been evaluated on the basis of interfacial fracture
mechanics concept. However, as the size of devices decrease, it is difficult to
evaluate the interfacial strength quantitatively. Most of researches in the
interfacial fracture were conducted on the basis of the assumption of the
perfectly bonding condition though the interface has the micro-scale structure
and the bonding is often imperfect. In this study, the mechanical model of the
interfacial structure of resin in electronic components was proposed.
Bimaterial model with the imperfect bonding condition was examined by using a
finite element analysis (FEA). Stress field in the vicinity of interface
depends on the interfacial structure with the imperfect bonding. In the front
of interfacial crack tip, the behavior of process zone is affected by
interfacial structure. However, the instability of fracture for macroscopic
crack which means the fracture toughness is governed by the stress intensity
factor based on the fracture mechanics concept.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in recent years interfacial fracture becomes one of the most important problems in the assessment of reliability of electronics packaging especially underfill resin is used with solder joints in flip chip packaging for preventing the thermal fatigue fracture in solder joints in general the interfacial strength has been evaluated on the basis of interfacial fracture mechanics concept however as the size of devices decrease it is difficult to evaluate the interfacial strength quantitatively most of researches in the interfacial fracture were conducted on the basis of the assumption of the perfectly bonding condition though the interface has the microscale structure and the bonding is often imperfect in this study the mechanical model of the interfacial structure of resin in electronic components was proposed bimaterial model with the imperfect bonding condition was examined by using a finite element analysis fea stress field in the vicinity of interface depends on the interfacial structure with the imperfect bonding in the front of interfacial crack tip the behavior of process zone is affected by interfacial structure however the instability of fracture for macroscopic crack which means the fracture toughness is governed by the stress intensity factor based on the fracture mechanics concept | [['in', 'recent', 'years', 'interfacial', 'fracture', 'becomes', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'assessment', 'of', 'reliability', 'of', 'electronics', 'packaging', 'especially', 'underfill', 'resin', 'is', 'used', 'with', 'solder', 'joints', 'in', 'flip', 'chip', 'packaging', 'for', 'preventing', 'the', 'thermal', 'fatigue', 'fracture', 'in', 'solder', 'joints', 'in', 'general', 'the', 'interfacial', 'strength', 'has', 'been', 'evaluated', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'interfacial', 'fracture', 'mechanics', 'concept', 'however', 'as', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'devices', 'decrease', 'it', 'is', 'difficult', 'to', 'evaluate', 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709.1861 | Temperature measurement in the Intel(R) CoreTM Duo Processor | Modern CPUs with increasing core frequency and power are rapidly reaching a
point where the CPU frequency and performance are limited by the amount of heat
that can be extracted by the cooling technology. In mobile environment, this
issue is becoming more apparent, as form factors become thinner and lighter.
Often, mobile platforms trade CPU performance in order to reduce power and
manage thermals. This enables the delivery of high performance computing
together with improved ergonomics by lowering skin temperature and reducing fan
acoustic noise. Most of available high performance CPUs provide thermal sensor
on the die to allow thermal management, typically in the form of analog thermal
diode. Operating system algorithms and platform embedded controllers read the
temperature and control the processor power. Improved thermal sensors directly
translate into better system performance, reliability and ergonomics. In this
paper we will introduce the new Intel CoreTM Duo processor temperature sensing
capability and present performance benefits measurements and results.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | modern cpus with increasing core frequency and power are rapidly reaching a point where the cpu frequency and performance are limited by the amount of heat that can be extracted by the cooling technology in mobile environment this issue is becoming more apparent as form factors become thinner and lighter often mobile platforms trade cpu performance in order to reduce power and manage thermals this enables the delivery of high performance computing together with improved ergonomics by lowering skin temperature and reducing fan acoustic noise most of available high performance cpus provide thermal sensor on the die to allow thermal management typically in the form of analog thermal diode operating system algorithms and platform embedded controllers read the temperature and control the processor power improved thermal sensors directly translate into better system performance reliability and ergonomics in this paper we will introduce the new intel coretm duo processor temperature sensing capability and present performance benefits measurements and results | [['modern', 'cpus', 'with', 'increasing', 'core', 'frequency', 'and', 'power', 'are', 'rapidly', 'reaching', 'a', 'point', 'where', 'the', 'cpu', 'frequency', 'and', 'performance', 'are', 'limited', 'by', 'the', 'amount', 'of', 'heat', 'that', 'can', 'be', 'extracted', 'by', 'the', 'cooling', 'technology', 'in', 'mobile', 'environment', 'this', 'issue', 'is', 'becoming', 'more', 'apparent', 'as', 'form', 'factors', 'become', 'thinner', 'and', 'lighter', 'often', 'mobile', 'platforms', 'trade', 'cpu', 'performance', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'reduce', 'power', 'and', 'manage', 'thermals', 'this', 'enables', 'the', 'delivery', 'of', 'high', 'performance', 'computing', 'together', 'with', 'improved', 'ergonomics', 'by', 'lowering', 'skin', 'temperature', 'and', 'reducing', 'fan', 'acoustic', 'noise', 'most', 'of', 'available', 'high', 'performance', 'cpus', 'provide', 'thermal', 'sensor', 'on', 'the', 'die', 'to', 'allow', 'thermal', 'management', 'typically', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'analog', 'thermal', 'diode', 'operating', 'system', 'algorithms', 'and', 'platform', 'embedded', 'controllers', 'read', 'the', 'temperature', 'and', 'control', 'the', 'processor', 'power', 'improved', 'thermal', 'sensors', 'directly', 'translate', 'into', 'better', 'system', 'performance', 'reliability', 'and', 'ergonomics', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'will', 'introduce', 'the', 'new', 'intel', 'coretm', 'duo', 'processor', 'temperature', 'sensing', 'capability', 'and', 'present', 'performance', 'benefits', 'measurements', 'and', 'results']] | [-0.1303378784803591, 0.10225933286968525, -0.03202238095381969, -0.03945268483912054, -0.0968473727337403, -0.19395527386554529, 0.0750371957248625, 0.39964926219840025, -0.2429102109781985, -0.3727024263714122, 0.13419330352327868, -0.2954544392031252, -0.07562581323016482, 0.2695394792340554, -0.12375263866815198, 0.0833337005991135, 0.08897098057455372, 0.007058221091040339, -0.026285519256091475, -0.2513390091922771, 0.20872285901244636, 0.15004139871607663, 0.35904994286903286, 0.08662161663840702, 0.03326412333566784, -0.06987248000665273, 0.005485179651339975, -0.013910555440631895, -0.04364419167536595, 0.13172421733041212, 0.3011744181283667, 0.13267213735977024, 0.29422942882173847, -0.4986797922609162, -0.17845042239483358, 0.07577883748078271, 0.1475003100121158, 0.0004967918834660815, -0.05827941877380252, -0.2376153535221385, 0.08912050574015873, -0.23276470617915776, -0.07196464225991711, -0.09482625846992707, -0.022413218488232998, 0.02945182970106083, -0.22902715450323693, 0.027865519791346372, 0.004093244671821594, 0.0560296491595999, -0.02753110644072324, -0.13831360231572173, 0.030266556546940833, 0.1675398966173724, -0.04424412516859372, 0.00696130082765712, 0.2581270117094575, -0.1462367248052401, -0.09164555019498626, 0.36378169558423606, -0.03426213713017988, -0.1545609622085585, 0.16930299040071572, -0.08087759886726831, -0.07548338874490766, 0.11670085363372971, 0.24270244043201056, -0.002192297210633943, -0.16629519688018563, 0.01966433244966607, 0.11871637012279015, 0.21407927787819248, 0.07933627085648241, 0.09494473836148935, 0.19786040555933326, 0.26825214479165743, 0.06151653662076385, 0.1643197133384138, -0.08556616131497748, -0.06788362273386432, -0.1496091797016561, -0.16784416120853038, -0.16072874741748128, 0.026273915905739725, -0.10498596191361305, -0.11092655296891314, 0.3399857907656203, 0.2164398118930197, 0.11525803256803487, 0.05712478004449012, 0.445072142195098, 0.08696210351802079, 0.14507559309065154, 0.14995798046252679, 0.18403632483957924, 0.05014247526679942, 0.21728962296443177, -0.25812721040093967, 0.030425443616106256, -0.046385834353115364] |
709.1862 | Dark Matter in the U(1) Extended SUSY | The neutralino sector of the U(1) extended SUSY is presented and some
collider and cosmology-related phenomenology discussed.
| hep-ph | the neutralino sector of the u1 extended susy is presented and some collider and cosmologyrelated phenomenology discussed | [['the', 'neutralino', 'sector', 'of', 'the', 'u1', 'extended', 'susy', 'is', 'presented', 'and', 'some', 'collider', 'and', 'cosmologyrelated', 'phenomenology', 'discussed']] | [-0.13686311850324273, 0.28994982433505356, -0.05140951881185174, 0.27743194977665553, -0.1398580870591104, -0.24087517033331096, -0.0709489643923007, 0.3008976171258837, -0.15095940278843045, -0.220476393122226, 0.13515999889932573, -0.2715183821856044, 0.0012067276984453201, 0.09276308128755772, 0.08385894482489675, 0.11653085332363844, -0.006788001104723662, -0.032782510155811906, -0.007242122665047646, -0.30974385375157, 0.18971547001274303, 0.06195961846970022, 0.11937690468039364, 0.15375512256287038, 0.0665583317168057, -0.02804607286816463, -0.03783878852846101, -0.09802598622627556, -0.12279696221230552, 0.11113613011548296, 0.25377962714992464, 0.12175463285529986, -0.045982247102074325, -0.3417878858235781, -0.1565043901791796, 0.16422268212772906, 0.12006593949627131, 0.0402178515214473, -0.1837952637579292, -0.4205052210018039, 0.06612755719106644, -0.33144566183909774, -0.1491916929371655, -0.04535446967929602, -0.07045369734987617, -0.21675156522542238, -0.22074229246936738, 0.07273949636146426, -0.09180493443273008, -0.02224170754197985, 0.034789033234119415, -0.23315886175259948, -0.14124764181906357, -0.21114085006411187, 0.29662350354192313, -0.07668967574136332, 0.21388422546442598, -0.26848278113175184, -0.1895040295785293, 0.5080322157591581, -0.031055479776114225, -0.16305006318725646, 0.20204855978954583, -0.1844389995567326, -0.2113989065401256, 0.08150108379777521, 0.16742383502423763, 0.05277210474014282, -0.14531949523370713, 0.3550180653037387, -0.07493739749770612, 0.13772432558471337, 0.008586500771343708, 0.08848047960782424, 0.2970093534095213, 0.26608386990847066, 0.09152571787126362, 0.09320135187590495, -0.0053474935702979565, -0.1352888677502051, -0.6245940746739507, -0.12016643274546368, -0.012852410436607897, -0.05603796214563772, 0.00764481077385426, 0.010445064399391413, 0.4686408545821905, 0.12995117530226707, 0.21365186129696667, -0.034849192830733955, 0.20239844034949783, 0.029198215575888753, 0.004646724200938479, -0.002769808267657936, 0.29995262632473896, 0.1730539258569479, 0.16034925659187138, -0.29022204110515304, -0.14839460220537148, 0.100825785761117] |
709.1863 | Reducing the Possibility of Subjective Error in the Determination of the
Structure-Function-Based Effective Thermal Conductivity of Boards | The thermal response function given to a unit-step dissipation accurately
characterizes the thermal system. Instead of the thermal response function the
so-called structure function describing three-dimensional as the equivalent
model of one-dimensional heat-spreading, created from the thermal response
function with the help of complex mathematical procedures, is often used. Using
the structure function the partial thermal capacity and partial heat resistance
of certain elements of the thermal system can be identified. If the geometrical
measurements of a thermal system of simple geometry and homogeneous material
(such as a homogeneous rod or board, etc.) are known, the coefficient of
thermal conductivity of the material in question can be determined from two
points of the structure function at 2-5 per cent of accuracy. In this paper a
method is presented which applies a wide range/section instead of two points of
the cumulative structure function to determine the thermal coefficient, thus
reducing the subjective error deriving from the selection of the two points.
The above method is presented and illustrated in simulated as well as measured
thermal transient responses.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the thermal response function given to a unitstep dissipation accurately characterizes the thermal system instead of the thermal response function the socalled structure function describing threedimensional as the equivalent model of onedimensional heatspreading created from the thermal response function with the help of complex mathematical procedures is often used using the structure function the partial thermal capacity and partial heat resistance of certain elements of the thermal system can be identified if the geometrical measurements of a thermal system of simple geometry and homogeneous material such as a homogeneous rod or board etc are known the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material in question can be determined from two points of the structure function at 25 per cent of accuracy in this paper a method is presented which applies a wide rangesection instead of two points of the cumulative structure function to determine the thermal coefficient thus reducing the subjective error deriving from the selection of the two points the above method is presented and illustrated in simulated as well as measured thermal transient responses | [['the', 'thermal', 'response', 'function', 'given', 'to', 'a', 'unitstep', 'dissipation', 'accurately', 'characterizes', 'the', 'thermal', 'system', 'instead', 'of', 'the', 'thermal', 'response', 'function', 'the', 'socalled', 'structure', 'function', 'describing', 'threedimensional', 'as', 'the', 'equivalent', 'model', 'of', 'onedimensional', 'heatspreading', 'created', 'from', 'the', 'thermal', 'response', 'function', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'complex', 'mathematical', 'procedures', 'is', 'often', 'used', 'using', 'the', 'structure', 'function', 'the', 'partial', 'thermal', 'capacity', 'and', 'partial', 'heat', 'resistance', 'of', 'certain', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'thermal', 'system', 'can', 'be', 'identified', 'if', 'the', 'geometrical', 'measurements', 'of', 'a', 'thermal', 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709.1864 | A More Flexible Realization of The SUNRED Algorithm | The high dissipation of integrated circuits means serious problems for
packaging and for the design of complex electronic systems. Another important
area of research and development nowadays is the integration of sensors and
micromechanical systems (MEMS) with electronic circuits. The original
Successive Node Reduction (SUNRED) algorithm handles well the first area but
require revision for electro-thermal or mechanical fields. As a first stage the
updated algorithm is able to solve thermal fields as the original, but with the
application of flexible boundary connection handling, it can be much faster
than the original. By using object-oriented program model the algorithm can
handle non-rectangular 3D fields, and SUNRED mesh resolution is arbitrary, not
have to be the power of two anymore.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the high dissipation of integrated circuits means serious problems for packaging and for the design of complex electronic systems another important area of research and development nowadays is the integration of sensors and micromechanical systems mems with electronic circuits the original successive node reduction sunred algorithm handles well the first area but require revision for electrothermal or mechanical fields as a first stage the updated algorithm is able to solve thermal fields as the original but with the application of flexible boundary connection handling it can be much faster than the original by using objectoriented program model the algorithm can handle nonrectangular 3d fields and sunred mesh resolution is arbitrary not have to be the power of two anymore | [['the', 'high', 'dissipation', 'of', 'integrated', 'circuits', 'means', 'serious', 'problems', 'for', 'packaging', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'complex', 'electronic', 'systems', 'another', 'important', 'area', 'of', 'research', 'and', 'development', 'nowadays', 'is', 'the', 'integration', 'of', 'sensors', 'and', 'micromechanical', 'systems', 'mems', 'with', 'electronic', 'circuits', 'the', 'original', 'successive', 'node', 'reduction', 'sunred', 'algorithm', 'handles', 'well', 'the', 'first', 'area', 'but', 'require', 'revision', 'for', 'electrothermal', 'or', 'mechanical', 'fields', 'as', 'a', 'first', 'stage', 'the', 'updated', 'algorithm', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'solve', 'thermal', 'fields', 'as', 'the', 'original', 'but', 'with', 'the', 'application', 'of', 'flexible', 'boundary', 'connection', 'handling', 'it', 'can', 'be', 'much', 'faster', 'than', 'the', 'original', 'by', 'using', 'objectoriented', 'program', 'model', 'the', 'algorithm', 'can', 'handle', 'nonrectangular', '3d', 'fields', 'and', 'sunred', 'mesh', 'resolution', 'is', 'arbitrary', 'not', 'have', 'to', 'be', 'the', 'power', 'of', 'two', 'anymore']] | [-0.10693484700297834, 0.05971141168290479, -0.05091444927498571, 0.02797485515375773, -0.11178748236380072, -0.19376115217152187, -0.010718110284139203, 0.38705065056808996, -0.2732425634152232, -0.3751357921009135, 0.16326118950755933, -0.21442848024889827, -0.15159047137484208, 0.25046195729404813, -0.08798255044648536, 0.10931155420680586, 0.07989775741962382, -0.008020242672158867, -0.034093847991819054, -0.2301628218533901, 0.2680231771376143, 0.09712030056418262, 0.2758601386911976, 0.024647199373660434, 0.12075699112799942, -0.0016335765552571695, -0.008023794238957075, 0.05975105761128486, -0.03653715901538475, 0.1555984750803974, 0.27528762370825577, 0.12499323672750312, 0.28157623745819443, -0.48748841660463405, -0.2266655597421858, 0.07349342223193146, 0.14030529332593975, 0.13046747223179564, -0.024809249539453633, -0.231360945946131, 0.07921749308036688, -0.15203964186068147, -0.10120613548236015, -0.10135385791301472, -0.0018045614696402326, 0.0244869625237651, -0.24104918653750393, 0.02276687857368563, 0.04742736668867242, 0.057901780103118375, -0.05055953798274326, -0.11328553419528353, 0.007467301850979272, 0.1221988962417962, -0.01772382977900183, 0.04094152628050114, 0.17653473449122703, -0.11522426470939039, -0.13114240475627792, 0.4062108860597906, 0.03700545775785179, -0.1944536680403428, 0.18117255103400248, -0.05725893747602773, -0.09034345798496889, 0.15657305102954563, 0.1946097067119474, 0.07118284831452383, -0.17073549373218647, 0.06735000486931421, 0.057895432704956167, 0.1856223430751194, 0.04598253841201464, 0.022762078043987822, 0.18430919510423818, 0.20603188134891054, 0.10296066670726316, 0.153810353577535, -0.051095841804710336, -0.08293527488907178, -0.2425830484662428, -0.2061587813286445, -0.18238402086381728, 0.020483475638295796, -0.07881287976345207, -0.18841979335834327, 0.37885063043676126, 0.1597404961163799, 0.13388425103014606, 0.02754106339560742, 0.3728556283550639, 0.11861348071565422, 0.15080324488266125, 0.07301296399603797, 0.19801718664443135, 0.11894883742579856, 0.1423544419897545, -0.192734352285122, 0.06667586070939134, 0.028193442708151974] |
709.1865 | Orthonormal dilations of Parseval wavelets | We prove that any Parseval wavelet frame is the projection of an orthonormal
wavelet basis for a representation of the Baumslag-Solitar group $$BS(1,2)=<
u,t | utu^{-1}=t^2>.$$ We give a precise description of this representation in
some special cases, and show that for wavelet sets, it is related to symbolic
dynamics. We show that the structure of the representation depends on the
analysis of certain finite orbits for the associated symbolic dynamics. We give
concrete examples of Parseval wavelets for which we compute the orthonormal
dilations in detail; we show that there are examples of Parseval wavelet sets
which have infinitely many non-isomorphic orthonormal dilations.
| math.FA | we prove that any parseval wavelet frame is the projection of an orthonormal wavelet basis for a representation of the baumslagsolitar group bs12 ut utu1t2 we give a precise description of this representation in some special cases and show that for wavelet sets it is related to symbolic dynamics we show that the structure of the representation depends on the analysis of certain finite orbits for the associated symbolic dynamics we give concrete examples of parseval wavelets for which we compute the orthonormal dilations in detail we show that there are examples of parseval wavelet sets which have infinitely many nonisomorphic orthonormal dilations | [['we', 'prove', 'that', 'any', 'parseval', 'wavelet', 'frame', 'is', 'the', 'projection', 'of', 'an', 'orthonormal', 'wavelet', 'basis', 'for', 'a', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'baumslagsolitar', 'group', 'bs12', 'ut', 'utu1t2', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'precise', 'description', 'of', 'this', 'representation', 'in', 'some', 'special', 'cases', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'wavelet', 'sets', 'it', 'is', 'related', 'to', 'symbolic', 'dynamics', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'representation', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'certain', 'finite', 'orbits', 'for', 'the', 'associated', 'symbolic', 'dynamics', 'we', 'give', 'concrete', 'examples', 'of', 'parseval', 'wavelets', 'for', 'which', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'orthonormal', 'dilations', 'in', 'detail', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'examples', 'of', 'parseval', 'wavelet', 'sets', 'which', 'have', 'infinitely', 'many', 'nonisomorphic', 'orthonormal', 'dilations']] | [-0.13181806645155245, 0.0811620829137574, -0.13981410307871342, 0.08462166381365273, -0.052162636436668096, -0.05966778546936956, -0.04812670461650865, 0.43713306106042626, -0.3188927970214875, -0.12367895934913381, 0.11656373676697851, -0.26798337880823325, -0.2345328532049761, 0.2379795927645675, -0.0975904760370944, 0.060299374701856985, 0.1301322216852842, 0.13117469961449102, -0.12870788998792276, -0.2388479985620863, 0.3216823202503078, 0.002269230892553049, 0.21679619277425694, -0.05716094329916671, 0.13947020532271148, -0.006670367627235714, -0.05864310737521081, -0.0735113166086497, -0.141445408138394, 0.15045462910305052, 0.28594128003854113, 0.1790580177455958, 0.2572265760710591, -0.3836813580025645, -0.16551687923150465, 0.14732740788410106, 0.13110260001164586, 0.0655805020953766, -0.06051953874560365, -0.2867752533889942, 0.08179238332234615, -0.1417513024609755, -0.1025709016431196, -0.21154843924074052, 0.08792185365204133, 0.02766042516804209, -0.3062218014982885, 0.03482171587244261, 0.1500371067656898, 0.10399864800730903, -0.10567442394847817, -0.07991015016302175, 0.015542505455075526, 0.07743125602000338, 0.011166521690457183, -0.0015582186398187688, 0.05976593108190333, -0.004835973518864051, -0.1086289432064137, 0.3969167250336385, -0.02084436402747444, -0.3075193510226467, 0.1650324888417826, -0.17851877515660783, -0.2185544803711202, 0.0920525484720665, 0.16455137230200217, 0.08960782605972067, -0.07618850353002712, 0.13520067981295927, -0.17528662047184565, 0.13854176335621113, 0.14784620018840275, 0.06454552790405703, 0.09681575995522972, 0.06530247216898144, 0.09789215311848595, 0.1605555374248355, -0.00013492992615747246, -0.028422309633563545, -0.37025531242583315, -0.1814876775458163, -0.19523264369676255, 0.022208366886593913, -0.14744356513812604, -0.23548287856301256, 0.4580880369918019, 0.12901750449365115, 0.17042271523992075, 0.10010985593886718, 0.19204888865351677, 0.11079925011989533, 0.04440488201547779, 0.11909876104590356, 0.14153529937503467, 0.1256487676782497, -0.042659474586994914, -0.12281976047647643, -0.06018434669228965, 0.20394911357046416] |
709.1866 | The application of Artificial Neural Network for the assessment of
thermal properties of multi-layer semiconductor structure | In this paper, the solution of the problem of identification of thermal
properties of investigated multi-layer structure is presented. In order of
that, artificial neural network was used to find the set of thermal properties
for which the complex contrast characteric derived fits the best to the one
evaluated basing upon experimenatal data.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in this paper the solution of the problem of identification of thermal properties of investigated multilayer structure is presented in order of that artificial neural network was used to find the set of thermal properties for which the complex contrast characteric derived fits the best to the one evaluated basing upon experimenatal data | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'identification', 'of', 'thermal', 'properties', 'of', 'investigated', 'multilayer', 'structure', 'is', 'presented', 'in', 'order', 'of', 'that', 'artificial', 'neural', 'network', 'was', 'used', 'to', 'find', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'thermal', 'properties', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'complex', 'contrast', 'characteric', 'derived', 'fits', 'the', 'best', 'to', 'the', 'one', 'evaluated', 'basing', 'upon', 'experimenatal', 'data']] | [-0.07864894350881085, -0.007227113799137228, -0.06797280794411313, 0.02647298895845226, -0.05172531233698714, -0.049759425423747186, 0.02501543805998403, 0.3437657742669769, -0.277465681435869, -0.3167893398626178, 0.10207244574877561, -0.24754654842556692, -0.18485343339396457, 0.19658971066568412, -0.0055274461195165036, 0.100229554624735, 0.03397526000808997, 0.06860716762386408, -0.031933078062994516, -0.261664553449544, 0.34828073278471244, 0.08324923618313144, 0.32870592476398336, 0.015038605852454317, 0.09985440064851633, -0.0030474730712525986, -0.028922113612768988, 0.036906319759402645, -0.1252910296494591, 0.1752120403769225, 0.22390760054044864, 0.10299717812050208, 0.20551364556155807, -0.4420687822515474, -0.24177711977459052, 0.06773688287163775, 0.10548390977668996, 0.06778740649358095, -0.008329454115500637, -0.2269727818521799, 0.1296138230565132, -0.12179196695340615, -0.1412723270865778, -0.06451370212815556, -0.021135610354808616, 0.0017382176558706252, -0.25789516687269926, 0.028827498516286996, 0.07075372210466395, 0.021146325120592818, -0.10830855438960534, -0.1398273124907385, -0.029287473129692907, 0.13989636168687367, 0.026718852014335638, 0.01210833209402421, 0.10469831107184291, -0.1659671852465573, -0.10988222810841512, 0.40613334443347127, -0.07484884320201315, -0.1736345363406501, 0.16860218455229758, -0.08098484763839081, -0.14420123742528113, 0.10790702529872458, 0.18387136473229118, 0.12183537763342553, -0.22144857545807847, 0.03951065633080754, -0.05718251158866812, 0.18699652375653386, 0.023648356945783485, 0.009377103928914842, 0.12659683637320995, 0.23518389664298178, -0.0029484921993286, 0.19086740797787322, -0.09880449819177681, -0.0909934910196884, -0.21736433680224068, -0.12312834253352062, -0.20662808601799257, 0.013877266410774752, -0.04990069443067791, -0.19454121725706786, 0.4471491083648859, 0.2009623433262402, 0.21930397989447503, 0.013636086905356861, 0.2748609447176112, 0.11364053943743427, 0.057536625138977, 0.03845829603390074, 0.29439237538506, 0.12427145538066386, 0.11282956987327221, -0.22916458858469246, 0.10249648544499103, 0.03738447727964205] |
709.1867 | Na61/Shine at the CERN SPS | Status of the new experimental program to study hadron production in
hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN SPS will be
presented. In particular, a detailed physics motivation and experimental
strategy will be given for the part of the program related to the physics of
strongly interacting matter: search for the critical point of strongly
interacting matter, study properties of the onset of deconfinement, and high
p_T measurements in p+p and p+A interactions. The planned measurements for the
neutrino T2K and cosmic-ray experiments will also be discussed.
| nucl-ex | status of the new experimental program to study hadron production in hadronnucleus and nucleusnucleus collisions at the cern sps will be presented in particular a detailed physics motivation and experimental strategy will be given for the part of the program related to the physics of strongly interacting matter search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter study properties of the onset of deconfinement and high p_t measurements in pp and pa interactions the planned measurements for the neutrino t2k and cosmicray experiments will also be discussed | [['status', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'experimental', 'program', 'to', 'study', 'hadron', 'production', 'in', 'hadronnucleus', 'and', 'nucleusnucleus', 'collisions', 'at', 'the', 'cern', 'sps', 'will', 'be', 'presented', 'in', 'particular', 'a', 'detailed', 'physics', 'motivation', 'and', 'experimental', 'strategy', 'will', 'be', 'given', 'for', 'the', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'program', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'strongly', 'interacting', 'matter', 'search', 'for', 'the', 'critical', 'point', 'of', 'strongly', 'interacting', 'matter', 'study', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'onset', 'of', 'deconfinement', 'and', 'high', 'p_t', 'measurements', 'in', 'pp', 'and', 'pa', 'interactions', 'the', 'planned', 'measurements', 'for', 'the', 'neutrino', 't2k', 'and', 'cosmicray', 'experiments', 'will', 'also', 'be', 'discussed']] | [-0.059433235222174, 0.2435652870770501, -0.1383366415085774, 0.11651655541326122, -0.036012797969682465, -0.10525602069629848, -0.018256150314520145, 0.29080629302456373, -0.23051068304513378, -0.2941327929368307, 0.04648836392871821, -0.3471450628284579, -0.012961360390415821, 0.19701996689458945, 0.08831578050940779, 0.08492818560174281, 0.12189430261737313, -0.001978110805710499, -0.030055320008133334, -0.23528775765464224, 0.28045305524064207, 0.1871461472527563, 0.22127296521071474, 0.19800879958289108, 0.022233230200992233, 0.05265465080095776, -0.06712724727340279, -0.0012811791612070867, -0.13465795879006043, 0.06526353495261075, 0.3291290545001112, 0.1260708611158804, 0.13542466121458116, -0.39353337327296706, -0.1186353007823914, 0.1356275836219904, 0.10861887183607738, 0.07399737090942846, -0.12460901244207628, -0.2794603903446047, 0.07988575695018316, -0.19495790415903788, -0.17384394018471927, -0.030035098211775565, -0.02541502047030405, 0.0721936630588239, -0.27393282688725956, 0.029288694626135196, -0.03168774925536294, 0.07553402437485926, -0.03814907556924241, -0.16336711684520216, -0.002941728917475062, 0.03455368548246293, 0.05510966559529476, 0.06468294339318728, 0.17391781767177256, -0.22278511273840593, -0.16933717715671692, 0.42359710692417346, -0.012654674402705726, -0.08645413443981402, 0.22795791719537015, -0.2411265474819075, -0.19405852330998444, 0.1127456549351671, 0.28506623270075726, 0.0831220686842484, -0.2095845520988792, 0.06615112816323472, -0.013581689800424823, 0.13213647486563054, -0.008342758433936143, 0.043883872353578865, 0.25611957712848293, 0.27663691111454936, 0.031526760390863336, 0.067944788851711, -0.08691104240287309, -0.058135894994283545, -0.4475064168031188, -0.12824673414894047, -0.1127490531117923, -0.015227106441315478, 0.010196117171248282, -0.03966474811407341, 0.4004348663763068, 0.15283338848672723, 0.19728722892187792, -0.0472992622432695, 0.2610221977998642, 0.04479005254922842, -0.01973270569746008, 0.002830249096812873, 0.31649260329960405, 0.12586939274922185, 0.2140564875966259, -0.2841107314880723, 0.03225720854176358, 0.0417991600871814] |
709.1868 | A Temperature Analysis of High-power AlGaN/GaN HEMTs | Galliumnitride has become a strategic superior material for space, defense
and civil applications, primarily for power amplification at RF and mm-wave
frequencies. For AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT), an
outstanding performance combined together with low cost and high flexibility
can be obtained using a System-in-a-Package (SIP) approach. Since thermal
management is extremely important for these high power applications, a hybrid
integration of the HEMT onto an AlN carrier substrate is proposed. In this
study we investigate the temperature performance for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs integrated
onto AlN using flip-chip mounting. Therefore, we use thermal simulations in
combination with experimental results using micro-Raman spectroscopy and
electrical dc-analysis.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | galliumnitride has become a strategic superior material for space defense and civil applications primarily for power amplification at rf and mmwave frequencies for algangan high electron mobility transistors hemt an outstanding performance combined together with low cost and high flexibility can be obtained using a systeminapackage sip approach since thermal management is extremely important for these high power applications a hybrid integration of the hemt onto an aln carrier substrate is proposed in this study we investigate the temperature performance for algangan hemts integrated onto aln using flipchip mounting therefore we use thermal simulations in combination with experimental results using microraman spectroscopy and electrical dcanalysis | [['galliumnitride', 'has', 'become', 'a', 'strategic', 'superior', 'material', 'for', 'space', 'defense', 'and', 'civil', 'applications', 'primarily', 'for', 'power', 'amplification', 'at', 'rf', 'and', 'mmwave', 'frequencies', 'for', 'algangan', 'high', 'electron', 'mobility', 'transistors', 'hemt', 'an', 'outstanding', 'performance', 'combined', 'together', 'with', 'low', 'cost', 'and', 'high', 'flexibility', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'using', 'a', 'systeminapackage', 'sip', 'approach', 'since', 'thermal', 'management', 'is', 'extremely', 'important', 'for', 'these', 'high', 'power', 'applications', 'a', 'hybrid', 'integration', 'of', 'the', 'hemt', 'onto', 'an', 'aln', 'carrier', 'substrate', 'is', 'proposed', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'temperature', 'performance', 'for', 'algangan', 'hemts', 'integrated', 'onto', 'aln', 'using', 'flipchip', 'mounting', 'therefore', 'we', 'use', 'thermal', 'simulations', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'experimental', 'results', 'using', 'microraman', 'spectroscopy', 'and', 'electrical', 'dcanalysis']] | [-0.09827474165107489, 0.05999950241718633, -0.00913083704425862, -0.06267141024370942, -0.018742399548143877, -0.18851066817639067, 0.06424228558214107, 0.496112414727024, -0.22042370969304068, -0.30985349265906464, 0.1136156196566755, -0.29335250224297243, -0.12639584833317818, 0.30257474708681303, -0.07581956996856366, 0.08394049579168067, 0.033325205914283576, -0.1256909693554774, -0.036450992223656026, -0.16592014462267066, 0.1901249402332777, 0.1788795286305614, 0.4168642194868595, 0.11004105821598832, 0.1421939617424619, 0.009179655517287114, 0.0739490686203627, 0.022480187905374822, -0.09836122415065035, 0.12671414460512062, 0.33644451033187045, -0.015295480437321114, 0.2838529803625801, -0.47401355868022815, -0.2569277874541049, -0.02598718941604317, 0.10801972848632574, 0.061590358523615434, -0.18155510425248056, -0.20162304520022636, 0.1335277467893035, -0.20939885454786503, -0.0934427194479926, -0.09897807415565658, -0.04318400309421122, 0.017078119938435287, -0.2675832588152558, -0.0005637157991455466, -0.04888033960927643, 0.08525079132317949, -0.07785162349761117, -0.1473343789157476, -0.030117294545668888, 0.0912381003339154, -0.05309927480423129, -0.009537110708918715, 0.21541858012628212, -0.11346603151383426, -0.10388077226668305, 0.3298418107533864, -0.06933728635639828, -0.12209671537172706, 0.2174724338064883, -0.0819093958821659, -0.08056405646836057, 0.14497576589586542, 0.20706419123555808, 0.049026572990103386, -0.15871382375959964, 0.05108705878414113, 0.07682940542615731, 0.18289750406755975, 0.09533510211964741, 0.11487744186146587, 0.2342170901532632, 0.2911841620271112, 0.04012115761710733, 0.1392540331101319, -0.14382589035484866, 0.01897484656222457, -0.1302232394524503, -0.1990367921580579, -0.21170926717219546, 0.09285173558757878, -0.08632340957810097, -0.12090956988543564, 0.37474988240693863, 0.15961525410267652, 0.13333120366887136, -0.013539017166704963, 0.3960552469772451, 0.13312975062952176, 0.06516568367278167, 0.032987220518692746, 0.22920331756547824, 0.1252854271773614, 0.16228396690213212, -0.25232614844800066, 0.04941747937461033, -0.07883118922529998] |
709.1869 | Flow Visualization of The Buoyancy-induced Convective Heat Transfer in
Electronics Cooling | The aim of this work is to develop a simple optical method for the
visualization of the natural convection flow generated in an electronic system
during its normal operation. The presented experimental set-up allows to reveal
local refractive index changes in a phase objects. A fringe pattern is
acquired, through the cooling fluid under analysis, with a digital camera two
times: the first one with the fluid at rest, the second one with the thermal
load due to the electronic device normal operation. By the means of the MATLAB
processing of the acquired images it’s possible to reveal the shape and
the directions of the thermal flow lines for the cooling fluid. In this way we
can obtain a deeper understanding of the optimal convection working volume or
information for the optimization of the relative spatial positioning of the
several electronic components in a complex electronic system, like a printed
circuit board (PCB). The proposed technique has been tested on two typical heat
extraction situations recurrent in the electronic devices. In this paper are
presented the experimental results of the visualization of the convective flow,
in air, for an heat sink and a power resistor.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the aim of this work is to develop a simple optical method for the visualization of the natural convection flow generated in an electronic system during its normal operation the presented experimental setup allows to reveal local refractive index changes in a phase objects a fringe pattern is acquired through the cooling fluid under analysis with a digital camera two times the first one with the fluid at rest the second one with the thermal load due to the electronic device normal operation by the means of the matlab processing of the acquired images it8217s possible to reveal the shape and the directions of the thermal flow lines for the cooling fluid in this way we can obtain a deeper understanding of the optimal convection working volume or information for the optimization of the relative spatial positioning of the several electronic components in a complex electronic system like a printed circuit board pcb the proposed technique has been tested on two typical heat extraction situations recurrent in the electronic devices in this paper are presented the experimental results of the visualization of the convective flow in air for an heat sink and a power resistor | [['the', 'aim', 'of', 'this', 'work', 'is', 'to', 'develop', 'a', 'simple', 'optical', 'method', 'for', 'the', 'visualization', 'of', 'the', 'natural', 'convection', 'flow', 'generated', 'in', 'an', 'electronic', 'system', 'during', 'its', 'normal', 'operation', 'the', 'presented', 'experimental', 'setup', 'allows', 'to', 'reveal', 'local', 'refractive', 'index', 'changes', 'in', 'a', 'phase', 'objects', 'a', 'fringe', 'pattern', 'is', 'acquired', 'through', 'the', 'cooling', 'fluid', 'under', 'analysis', 'with', 'a', 'digital', 'camera', 'two', 'times', 'the', 'first', 'one', 'with', 'the', 'fluid', 'at', 'rest', 'the', 'second', 'one', 'with', 'the', 'thermal', 'load', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'electronic', 'device', 'normal', 'operation', 'by', 'the', 'means', 'of', 'the', 'matlab', 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709.187 | The method of non-linear distortions elimination in photoacoustic
investigation of layered semiconductor structure | This paper presents the consideration of the presence and the influence of
non-linear distortion of photo-acoustic measurement set-up on the results of
thermal properties analysis for the multi-layer semiconductor structure. The
authors propose a method which will eliminate such an influence.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper presents the consideration of the presence and the influence of nonlinear distortion of photoacoustic measurement setup on the results of thermal properties analysis for the multilayer semiconductor structure the authors propose a method which will eliminate such an influence | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'the', 'consideration', 'of', 'the', 'presence', 'and', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'nonlinear', 'distortion', 'of', 'photoacoustic', 'measurement', 'setup', 'on', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'thermal', 'properties', 'analysis', 'for', 'the', 'multilayer', 'semiconductor', 'structure', 'the', 'authors', 'propose', 'a', 'method', 'which', 'will', 'eliminate', 'such', 'an', 'influence']] | [-0.12879632968773566, 0.03438190535802633, -0.08151843476041061, -0.04117584215738333, -0.06731213511126798, -0.04269225230985662, 0.011752560964740085, 0.3491219753717504, -0.2912718473774631, -0.2980192536715327, 0.09957385885461074, -0.26996961623790855, -0.22101544443427062, 0.18297296785181616, -0.037115667072102065, 0.03546308054838602, 0.060837345402233484, -0.007821716379555987, -0.06027125861359442, -0.18754427884023908, 0.3528467883787504, 0.10358541404328696, 0.35286341755219347, 0.09561942174758126, 0.07926149995679535, 0.0622745434776312, -0.041967664197905034, 0.034957553737047245, -0.15524460183933558, 0.14921892666053482, 0.1770392916869463, 0.05554918880097386, 0.309760396692493, -0.4235372687803536, -0.25561563488913747, 0.07021574591990651, 0.08148045290443229, 0.1428006929317035, -0.09111498002383131, -0.2817695464302854, 0.06833524602215464, -0.12977498235953291, -0.10789548087774253, -0.05441851700406249, -0.08578398869168467, -0.022876257076859474, -0.2666542906862138, 0.05612444048520268, 0.12578155218464573, 0.042469543018719046, -0.10492536380160146, -0.07727397846557744, 0.07931729283456396, 0.1106252609070663, 0.03039096459382918, -0.04215987328803394, 0.14862032231261454, -0.12842277963872908, -0.08901378376091398, 0.3733454497485626, -0.07126373772668403, -0.1978346019977613, 0.1263678860964208, -0.09341955621068071, -0.13243611443151787, 0.09263961579332627, 0.24705327556627552, 0.1206682966113454, -0.18867440267448973, 0.04393929648411846, -0.04947711778350356, 0.18690712249656094, 0.024179829159615245, 0.10042121288616483, 0.16244394377600857, 0.22229172648271409, 0.04432407187343371, 0.20190847502090037, -0.1386473446050886, -0.020079645441799628, -0.29735438639252654, -0.16083562576280133, -0.1302555474657111, 0.04666781428031533, -0.049221362747896534, -0.21549879577828618, 0.4577332990380322, 0.194151337780967, 0.15108723281996278, -0.025300742709077895, 0.34649363559920615, 0.12304311199113727, 0.024381503144778858, -0.029331969778712202, 0.2822824538395763, 0.12937015971089372, 0.12116582999460218, -0.28037985968517093, 0.12289025034846329, 0.016994446612576524] |
709.1871 | Thermal Modeling of high power LED modules | This paper presents a study of accuracy issues in thermal modeling of high
power LED modules on system level. Both physical as well as numerical accuracy
issues are addressed. Incorrect physical assumptions may result in seemingly
correct, but erroneous results. It is therefore important to motivate the
underlying key physical assumptions of a thermal model. In this paper thermal
measurements are used to calibrate a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model
of a high power LED module model at a reference application condition, and to
validate it at other application conditions.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper presents a study of accuracy issues in thermal modeling of high power led modules on system level both physical as well as numerical accuracy issues are addressed incorrect physical assumptions may result in seemingly correct but erroneous results it is therefore important to motivate the underlying key physical assumptions of a thermal model in this paper thermal measurements are used to calibrate a computational fluid dynamics cfd model of a high power led module model at a reference application condition and to validate it at other application conditions | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'accuracy', 'issues', 'in', 'thermal', 'modeling', 'of', 'high', 'power', 'led', 'modules', 'on', 'system', 'level', 'both', 'physical', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'numerical', 'accuracy', 'issues', 'are', 'addressed', 'incorrect', 'physical', 'assumptions', 'may', 'result', 'in', 'seemingly', 'correct', 'but', 'erroneous', 'results', 'it', 'is', 'therefore', 'important', 'to', 'motivate', 'the', 'underlying', 'key', 'physical', 'assumptions', 'of', 'a', 'thermal', 'model', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'thermal', 'measurements', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'calibrate', 'a', 'computational', 'fluid', 'dynamics', 'cfd', 'model', 'of', 'a', 'high', 'power', 'led', 'module', 'model', 'at', 'a', 'reference', 'application', 'condition', 'and', 'to', 'validate', 'it', 'at', 'other', 'application', 'conditions']] | [-0.08854931207218518, 0.020464212287010418, -0.11560049425396654, 0.06593356891405872, -0.07974094056989997, -0.17212385145636896, 0.05005170482779957, 0.35030027478933334, -0.26244878414500916, -0.37091334242787627, 0.13992678344689516, -0.21703117775420347, -0.1440622272590796, 0.21549782847933885, -0.14302060935232375, 0.10854027576020195, 0.10297938909174667, -0.0030151199161385497, -0.02444669534969661, -0.21434176413652797, 0.28324154635063475, 0.16042324422548215, 0.3060420617875126, 0.10985653925842295, 0.1137871247664508, -0.08881125059237496, -0.06337897010768453, 0.02820697394781746, -0.11833415630583961, 0.069687239623939, 0.2772286709604992, 0.07711131832976308, 0.3056867152142028, -0.45296831886387534, -0.240104415658344, 0.048687206780434485, 0.10339209896822771, 0.10630457426110904, -0.03259534865436661, -0.18907027447389232, 0.09051275894356271, -0.19444543314683768, -0.1819116724952538, -0.10380077064037323, -0.0311665590852499, -0.004140798501773841, -0.2783103581517935, 0.07456843180374967, 0.052586963365320115, 0.07547023051107923, -0.06597353605191326, -0.10338555356461762, 0.019064373758414552, 0.1277436510608014, 0.0481340910657309, -0.0008437230209690622, 0.1643585671774215, -0.1527668071962479, -0.0947014293116, 0.4174724633908934, -0.01864956623305463, -0.23421854422712285, 0.24507958073582914, -0.0766930994991627, -0.17635495461678755, 0.09080994152981374, 0.19098368316060968, 0.04095994039542145, -0.16502819880843161, 0.03405895060277544, -0.0016791217856936985, 0.1661377778613112, 0.02220286052260134, 0.05247868410208159, 0.21134900556773775, 0.21663379578644204, -0.016174342493630117, 0.12019284740413747, -0.016914854501374067, -0.06178098471524815, -0.3144103360258871, -0.1350057507968611, -0.14467628011479974, 0.045138233905244206, -0.05776947740345754, -0.1276337038932575, 0.39280967329525285, 0.27663251834843927, 0.17515044593148762, 0.00747109850247701, 0.3625576789594359, 0.07833109179951457, -0.015429017703152366, 0.026324277490170467, 0.2107038097507838, 0.1247218630483581, 0.13212220632057223, -0.1699096475365675, 0.10523249544720682, 0.0031918309835924042] |
709.1872 | Reliability Evaluation Method for Electronic Device BGA Package
Considering the Interaction Between Design Factors | The recent development of electric and electronic devices has been
remarkable. The miniaturization of electronic devices and high integration are
progressing by advances in mounting technology. As a result, the reliability of
fatigue life has been prioritized as an important concern, since the thermal
expansion difference between a package and printed circuit board causes thermal
fatigue. It is demanded a long-life product which has short development time.
However, it is difficult because of interaction between each design factor. The
authors have investigated the influence of various design factors on the
reliability of soldered joints in BGA model by using response surface method
and cluster analysis. By using these techniques, the interaction of all design
factors was clarified. Based upon the analytical results, design engineers can
rate each factor's effect on reliability and assess the reliability of their
basic design plan at the concept design stage.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the recent development of electric and electronic devices has been remarkable the miniaturization of electronic devices and high integration are progressing by advances in mounting technology as a result the reliability of fatigue life has been prioritized as an important concern since the thermal expansion difference between a package and printed circuit board causes thermal fatigue it is demanded a longlife product which has short development time however it is difficult because of interaction between each design factor the authors have investigated the influence of various design factors on the reliability of soldered joints in bga model by using response surface method and cluster analysis by using these techniques the interaction of all design factors was clarified based upon the analytical results design engineers can rate each factors effect on reliability and assess the reliability of their basic design plan at the concept design stage | [['the', 'recent', 'development', 'of', 'electric', 'and', 'electronic', 'devices', 'has', 'been', 'remarkable', 'the', 'miniaturization', 'of', 'electronic', 'devices', 'and', 'high', 'integration', 'are', 'progressing', 'by', 'advances', 'in', 'mounting', 'technology', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'the', 'reliability', 'of', 'fatigue', 'life', 'has', 'been', 'prioritized', 'as', 'an', 'important', 'concern', 'since', 'the', 'thermal', 'expansion', 'difference', 'between', 'a', 'package', 'and', 'printed', 'circuit', 'board', 'causes', 'thermal', 'fatigue', 'it', 'is', 'demanded', 'a', 'longlife', 'product', 'which', 'has', 'short', 'development', 'time', 'however', 'it', 'is', 'difficult', 'because', 'of', 'interaction', 'between', 'each', 'design', 'factor', 'the', 'authors', 'have', 'investigated', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'various', 'design', 'factors', 'on', 'the', 'reliability', 'of', 'soldered', 'joints', 'in', 'bga', 'model', 'by', 'using', 'response', 'surface', 'method', 'and', 'cluster', 'analysis', 'by', 'using', 'these', 'techniques', 'the', 'interaction', 'of', 'all', 'design', 'factors', 'was', 'clarified', 'based', 'upon', 'the', 'analytical', 'results', 'design', 'engineers', 'can', 'rate', 'each', 'factors', 'effect', 'on', 'reliability', 'and', 'assess', 'the', 'reliability', 'of', 'their', 'basic', 'design', 'plan', 'at', 'the', 'concept', 'design', 'stage']] | [-0.13304222885455036, 0.07870224185924223, -0.06367258110629587, -0.029528035011527867, -0.07343080133071234, -0.1187102603051683, 0.035561218877033944, 0.4158728929686135, -0.21202480256043632, -0.3440955101416029, 0.1408435085836541, -0.2374596778431843, -0.19583321616438956, 0.2379152731889666, -0.06060475175879125, 0.0878410508527003, 0.060039901428310005, 0.006805981156127206, -0.04156264440590066, -0.24409447196742584, 0.256814466628792, 0.13108142992031985, 0.3769345513320175, 0.10396737387917679, 0.07957457700936958, 0.004959959267028447, -0.03326730202755024, 0.0024595048920861605, -0.1050444280343323, 0.1370820527896285, 0.2518880180990452, 0.13757793978820074, 0.35102954488889926, -0.4755551251743374, -0.20267313590979782, 0.019405798883787517, 0.10195036827554477, 0.044613789866381356, -0.055604497609049855, -0.2387280248105526, 0.05889017008052304, -0.20380465356825755, -0.10643444331663918, -0.07305644276022012, 0.04846656361016734, 0.03824628641877066, -0.18602425741465312, -0.01900881012130914, 0.015051709568320677, 0.08706213972884519, -0.03576239158644277, -0.13793071803540505, 0.006061668282952802, 0.19507768812171858, 0.05133587224328698, 0.0067685899653889495, 0.1834285221255288, -0.12404885081060488, -0.1330085715102353, 0.3752832305794261, 0.013813454818365902, -0.14252524949963494, 0.1723254246862027, -0.07717951259350982, -0.11123520161250028, 0.12757594373783676, 0.1895902169683691, 0.039165339702419165, -0.1847208328352406, 0.056010950152392915, 0.08290190439799737, 0.16652426484265717, 0.05895586102430163, 0.03995381075375039, 0.21308215534121827, 0.25507509496127223, -0.005646752727474889, 0.1306495443042689, -0.05277492368658041, -0.02757475456415579, -0.22675503154510054, -0.17765612609299092, -0.17009415092219696, 0.024083243116961216, -0.06118496155059206, -0.136758043363305, 0.38871042225028163, 0.15500112361884835, 0.09235648311803053, -0.03902514023176427, 0.35435799148319097, 0.10672136790697173, 0.11385632063711769, 0.025010923732971323, 0.26294003495954554, 0.11802574474974696, 0.12638814966354905, -0.22540499493078298, 0.17640133478662706, 0.02095984113081519] |
709.1873 | Creating temperature dependent Ni-MH battery models for low power mobile
devices | In this paper the methodology and the results of creating temperature
dependent battery models for ambient intelligence applications is presented.
First the measurement technology and the model generation process is presented
in details, and then the characteristic features of the models are discussed.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in this paper the methodology and the results of creating temperature dependent battery models for ambient intelligence applications is presented first the measurement technology and the model generation process is presented in details and then the characteristic features of the models are discussed | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'the', 'methodology', 'and', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'creating', 'temperature', 'dependent', 'battery', 'models', 'for', 'ambient', 'intelligence', 'applications', 'is', 'presented', 'first', 'the', 'measurement', 'technology', 'and', 'the', 'model', 'generation', 'process', 'is', 'presented', 'in', 'details', 'and', 'then', 'the', 'characteristic', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'models', 'are', 'discussed']] | [-0.08512334828806478, 0.12205791493422936, -0.049239809429922766, 0.017090857136112348, -0.02043844079382198, -0.12526606959372022, -0.011922610011276638, 0.37890220485454384, -0.2707913234656633, -0.29762818558184906, 0.14080181644774628, -0.2528308296662777, -0.17841159108333116, 0.24179056340417024, -0.05207825729320215, 0.040677702227650686, 0.04080666699121858, 0.027859929169333258, -0.00846486168285442, -0.24373280118371166, 0.3136624793283815, 0.12324333246147563, 0.3530541199237801, 0.10867472885306491, 0.09131450450784245, -0.05381176315334647, -0.07163303726634314, -0.023930824805744166, -0.12678209120451017, 0.1508502310661729, 0.2457005448368998, 0.1456873616376935, 0.2310068979426179, -0.4037753232689791, -0.24541916213063306, 0.050844829984355806, 0.07755274365677736, 0.1196060448365156, -0.09343955373434826, -0.2639984040152888, 0.09263830207461535, -0.16430455879416578, -0.11356991230575152, -0.06429783824484708, 0.028911485358379608, 0.025191890470290842, -0.25076751880954173, 0.024044506620009277, 0.09087626581881629, 0.061993748501896165, -0.12777733398861316, -0.1225593047389804, 0.026601803900544032, 0.11116688553281778, 0.023840113084757874, -0.03722835504341611, 0.148866071624324, -0.14495257883289353, -0.1251315542410106, 0.3918284467139909, -0.04248345517661682, -0.17864441403815912, 0.1870442810576669, -0.09502091007523758, -0.13165426112408207, 0.037905636265180835, 0.21193626434217358, 0.13338292234165725, -0.18150399844053872, 0.07653662317221291, 0.06282194045393966, 0.14195407030367574, -0.03628303097604319, 0.0013026238397456878, 0.17996796976428392, 0.2602650877954655, -0.016405043582063773, 0.1261602272225414, -0.08573140446529832, -0.08726147484294204, -0.34923477769764355, -0.18478296216317389, -0.1912334923047659, -0.05732421358765731, -0.042088167286047515, -0.10621642777398445, 0.45075304394717824, 0.24872920458573242, 0.16008522396170816, -0.006695297351756761, 0.3635173494559388, 0.14008934406000514, 0.025170308754367883, 0.03984394333823476, 0.18689788226038218, 0.11748842483516349, 0.18462161569271324, -0.1635873289074922, 0.10193624631176855, 0.007942431070300382] |
709.1874 | A two-phase approach for detecting recombination in nucleotide sequences | Genetic recombination can produce heterogeneous phylogenetic histories within
a set of homologous genes. Delineating recombination events is important in the
study of molecular evolution, as inference of such events provides a clearer
picture of the phylogenetic relationships among different gene sequences or
genomes. Nevertheless, detecting recombination events can be a daunting task,
as the performance of different recombinationdetecting approaches can vary,
depending on evolutionary events that take place after recombination. We
recently evaluated the effects of postrecombination events on the prediction
accuracy of recombination-detecting approaches using simulated nucleotide
sequence data. The main conclusion, supported by other studies, is that one
should not depend on a single method when searching for recombination events.
In this paper, we introduce a two-phase strategy, applying three statistical
measures to detect the occurrence of recombination events, and a Bayesian
phylogenetic approach in delineating breakpoints of such events in nucleotide
sequences. We evaluate the performance of these approaches using simulated
data, and demonstrate the applicability of this strategy to empirical data. The
two-phase strategy proves to be time-efficient when applied to large datasets,
and yields high-confidence results.
| q-bio.PE | genetic recombination can produce heterogeneous phylogenetic histories within a set of homologous genes delineating recombination events is important in the study of molecular evolution as inference of such events provides a clearer picture of the phylogenetic relationships among different gene sequences or genomes nevertheless detecting recombination events can be a daunting task as the performance of different recombinationdetecting approaches can vary depending on evolutionary events that take place after recombination we recently evaluated the effects of postrecombination events on the prediction accuracy of recombinationdetecting approaches using simulated nucleotide sequence data the main conclusion supported by other studies is that one should not depend on a single method when searching for recombination events in this paper we introduce a twophase strategy applying three statistical measures to detect the occurrence of recombination events and a bayesian phylogenetic approach in delineating breakpoints of such events in nucleotide sequences we evaluate the performance of these approaches using simulated data and demonstrate the applicability of this strategy to empirical data the twophase strategy proves to be timeefficient when applied to large datasets and yields highconfidence results | [['genetic', 'recombination', 'can', 'produce', 'heterogeneous', 'phylogenetic', 'histories', 'within', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'homologous', 'genes', 'delineating', 'recombination', 'events', 'is', 'important', 'in', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'molecular', 'evolution', 'as', 'inference', 'of', 'such', 'events', 'provides', 'a', 'clearer', 'picture', 'of', 'the', 'phylogenetic', 'relationships', 'among', 'different', 'gene', 'sequences', 'or', 'genomes', 'nevertheless', 'detecting', 'recombination', 'events', 'can', 'be', 'a', 'daunting', 'task', 'as', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'different', 'recombinationdetecting', 'approaches', 'can', 'vary', 'depending', 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709.1875 | Failure Analysis and Field Failures: a Real Shortcut to Reliability
Improvement | Starting from two case histories, where only after thorough Failure Analysis
the suddenly appearance of a failure was linked to much earlier events, the
possibility of improving the reliability and of adjusting the reliability
prediction tools are discussed.
| cond-mat.other | starting from two case histories where only after thorough failure analysis the suddenly appearance of a failure was linked to much earlier events the possibility of improving the reliability and of adjusting the reliability prediction tools are discussed | [['starting', 'from', 'two', 'case', 'histories', 'where', 'only', 'after', 'thorough', 'failure', 'analysis', 'the', 'suddenly', 'appearance', 'of', 'a', 'failure', 'was', 'linked', 'to', 'much', 'earlier', 'events', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'improving', 'the', 'reliability', 'and', 'of', 'adjusting', 'the', 'reliability', 'prediction', 'tools', 'are', 'discussed']] | [-0.08942091425782756, 0.10698000420080989, -0.05860423393739055, 0.0751707223979266, -0.051692473983980324, -0.12700147643734358, 0.13580107149717055, 0.30808464903384447, -0.19721804990580208, -0.3366865201019927, 0.15201291432114025, -0.3028622544860761, -0.1296866881158693, 0.2057008467565634, -0.06603114414764077, 0.07470725988969207, 0.09440538892522454, 0.043743404608808066, -0.09574522116025419, -0.2843969034913339, 0.27920055051187154, 0.14700938731824098, 0.3277303483337164, 0.054043948086664864, -0.01734643318004122, 0.0619485014559407, -0.10886474973277042, 0.0009009349527523705, -0.10862595134561784, 0.06249343976378441, 0.20756280019046053, 0.15160015210437305, 0.31141578897490707, -0.43838292105417503, -0.255675195642796, 0.08065586142536056, 0.1355881152527505, 0.10902632342798538, -0.008327632284674206, -0.29170592241356835, 0.0903291557425339, -0.17085413061278432, -0.13682685488540874, 0.010710508807709343, 0.025883853141414493, 0.02249092667510635, -0.22504817525623366, 0.08129000291228294, 0.05350137403921077, 0.07937417341102111, -0.046121805992075486, -0.06887880657603473, -0.03699391732286466, 0.1740069094383599, 0.11110523416611709, 0.009831963597159637, 0.15530179754683845, -0.12217904691045221, -0.10153667800324528, 0.3623341376844205, 0.011226084230369643, -0.11549437354857985, 0.21990177661523616, -0.1103918538673928, -0.16098073032978727, 0.16633612933449177, 0.11720236638364823, 0.05447356690848736, -0.1586714464386827, -0.03856688149818709, 0.09817635552271416, 0.12358699018429768, 0.08787412214779149, -0.012499644264799395, 0.22196977472815074, 0.22356382299116567, -0.032669874986535626, 0.14146447613051064, -0.04819553217997676, -0.11946801751803018, -0.2846109831803723, -0.0951778596561206, -0.13433811177597627, 0.03188584869617204, -0.06744612183530607, -0.08955920269516737, 0.44304341411120013, 0.17186420680464884, 0.21856896032726295, 0.011713187161244844, 0.2921530459272234, 0.08858187793214854, 0.018489422276616096, 0.00396678675774877, 0.2577054756448457, 0.10205130484322772, 0.08390159750553339, -0.17975377554294505, 0.17367551440226012, 0.03255956202720929] |
709.1876 | Electronics Cooling Fan Noise Prediction | Using the finite volume CFD software FLUENT, one fan was studied at a given
flow rate (1.5m3/min) for three different operational rotating speeds : 2,000,
2,350 and 2,700 rpm. The turbulent air flow analysis predicts the acoustic
behavior of the fan. The best fan operating window, i.e. the one giving the
best ratio between noise emissions and cooling performance, can then be
determined. The broadband noise acoustic model is used. As the computation is
steady state, a simple Multiple Reference Frame model (MRF, also known as
stationary rotor approach) is used to represent the fan. This approach is able
to capture the effects of the flow non-uniformity at the fan inlet together
with their impact on the fan performance. Furthermore, it is not requiring a
fan curve as an input to the model. When compared to the available catalog data
the simulation results show promising qualitative agreement that may be used
for fan design and selection purposes.
| cond-mat.other | using the finite volume cfd software fluent one fan was studied at a given flow rate 15m3min for three different operational rotating speeds 2000 2350 and 2700 rpm the turbulent air flow analysis predicts the acoustic behavior of the fan the best fan operating window ie the one giving the best ratio between noise emissions and cooling performance can then be determined the broadband noise acoustic model is used as the computation is steady state a simple multiple reference frame model mrf also known as stationary rotor approach is used to represent the fan this approach is able to capture the effects of the flow nonuniformity at the fan inlet together with their impact on the fan performance furthermore it is not requiring a fan curve as an input to the model when compared to the available catalog data the simulation results show promising qualitative agreement that may be used for fan design and selection purposes | [['using', 'the', 'finite', 'volume', 'cfd', 'software', 'fluent', 'one', 'fan', 'was', 'studied', 'at', 'a', 'given', 'flow', 'rate', '15m3min', 'for', 'three', 'different', 'operational', 'rotating', 'speeds', '2000', '2350', 'and', '2700', 'rpm', 'the', 'turbulent', 'air', 'flow', 'analysis', 'predicts', 'the', 'acoustic', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'fan', 'the', 'best', 'fan', 'operating', 'window', 'ie', 'the', 'one', 'giving', 'the', 'best', 'ratio', 'between', 'noise', 'emissions', 'and', 'cooling', 'performance', 'can', 'then', 'be', 'determined', 'the', 'broadband', 'noise', 'acoustic', 'model', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'the', 'computation', 'is', 'steady', 'state', 'a', 'simple', 'multiple', 'reference', 'frame', 'model', 'mrf', 'also', 'known', 'as', 'stationary', 'rotor', 'approach', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'represent', 'the', 'fan', 'this', 'approach', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'capture', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'the', 'flow', 'nonuniformity', 'at', 'the', 'fan', 'inlet', 'together', 'with', 'their', 'impact', 'on', 'the', 'fan', 'performance', 'furthermore', 'it', 'is', 'not', 'requiring', 'a', 'fan', 'curve', 'as', 'an', 'input', 'to', 'the', 'model', 'when', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'available', 'catalog', 'data', 'the', 'simulation', 'results', 'show', 'promising', 'qualitative', 'agreement', 'that', 'may', 'be', 'used', 'for', 'fan', 'design', 'and', 'selection', 'purposes']] | [-0.057598986416574446, 0.08286681055145774, -0.08229881479637698, 0.0746337212603389, -0.08277497955808236, -0.1378968404125302, 0.03491516576539124, 0.3731187974733691, -0.26428411516451067, -0.3226093908531531, 0.10584034182191376, -0.24984303199415725, -0.10040732299788825, 0.25736810381283926, -0.08401071535810198, 0.07866743047075767, 0.07933813151527917, 0.02722393153235316, -0.007273811370795292, -0.21102768097883992, 0.23546482032585528, 0.11785075774025773, 0.3675444855024257, 0.0020676970752256532, 0.11507499601256342, -0.05308302267935247, -0.01318565773432173, 0.05516976357077158, -0.11142825540629284, 0.06298759723562868, 0.23312758234509778, 0.12508426122066954, 0.2191373123216533, -0.37865837674227454, -0.24161825241941598, 0.04765450022814255, 0.11767614637050898, 0.08569516601461556, 0.00289142971066007, -0.2330624212781268, 0.07644228401383565, -0.16727244725822651, -0.12098276057250558, -0.03974636168253886, -0.015729732616173643, 0.028630987599852584, -0.29036322680992943, 0.03533667896615131, 0.05049058717427655, 0.06355265628906988, -0.045701900040430406, -0.09743409563126343, -0.053955094209842146, 0.16169736986142402, -0.0004563548970186422, 0.07850467790398867, 0.15210510015848183, -0.10602268145659999, -0.0894236600957811, 0.40544533715132747, -0.07926522767201306, -0.20722264189089107, 0.1968432629683746, -0.11954830271161852, -0.03391134351221544, 0.18742925955523407, 0.15738381886434172, 0.050121093406097876, -0.1466861517969406, -0.018927152431945527, -0.03940515455699736, 0.1520127804469197, 0.08147038244642317, -0.05148215179614189, 0.17380193674095695, 0.19653715232528948, 0.024805640678612455, 0.15696312205588084, -0.15112311745422982, -0.060672226867398184, -0.30341832568425864, -0.08896371920653168, -0.14613912657969783, 0.0040837090981621, -0.09258280468385502, -0.15024134201268036, 0.4083956940760536, 0.15568733234033588, 0.18224247246980668, 0.01979519772914148, 0.3393174624370952, 0.08275971586079968, 0.011243036745356457, 0.15468323063405773, 0.2387085899890911, 0.1329733763460911, 0.13114116661731273, -0.21919420405982, 0.08874088707379997, 0.047076240533422076] |
709.1877 | The central parsecs of Centaurus A: High Excitation Gas, a Molecular
Disk, and the Mass of the Black Hole | We present two-dimensional gas-kinematic maps of the central region in
Centaurus A. The adaptive optics (AO) assisted SINFONI data from the VLT have a
resolution of 0.12" in K-band. The ionized gas species (Br_gamma, [FeII],
[SiVI]) show a rotational pattern that is increasingly overlaid by
non-rotational motion for higher excitation lines in direction of Cen A's radio
jet. The emission lines of molecular hydrogen (H_2) show regular rotation and
no distortion due to the jet. The molecular gas seems to be well settled in the
gravitational potential of the stars and the central supermassive black hole
and we thus use it as a tracer to model the mass in the central +/-1.5". These
are the first AO integral-field observations on the nucleus of Cen A, enabling
us to study the regularity of the rotation around the black hole, well inside
the radius of influence, and to determine the inclination angle of the gas disk
in a robust way. The gas kinematics are best modeled through a tilted-ring
model that describes the warped gas disk; its mean inclination angle is ~34deg
and the mean position angle of the major axis is ~155deg. The best-fit black
hole mass is M_BH~4.5x10^7 Msolar, based on a "kinematically hot" disk model
where the velocity dispersion is included through the Jeans equation. This
black hole mass estimate is somewhat lower than, but consistent with the mass
values previously derived from ionized gas kinematics. It is also consistent
with the stellar dynamical measurement from the same AO observations, which we
present in a separate paper. It brings Cen A in agreement with the M_BH-sigma
relation.
| astro-ph | we present twodimensional gaskinematic maps of the central region in centaurus a the adaptive optics ao assisted sinfoni data from the vlt have a resolution of 012 in kband the ionized gas species br_gamma feii sivi show a rotational pattern that is increasingly overlaid by nonrotational motion for higher excitation lines in direction of cen as radio jet the emission lines of molecular hydrogen h_2 show regular rotation and no distortion due to the jet the molecular gas seems to be well settled in the gravitational potential of the stars and the central supermassive black hole and we thus use it as a tracer to model the mass in the central 15 these are the first ao integralfield observations on the nucleus of cen a enabling us to study the regularity of the rotation around the black hole well inside the radius of influence and to determine the inclination angle of the gas disk in a robust way the gas kinematics are best modeled through a tiltedring model that describes the warped gas disk its mean inclination angle is 34deg and the mean position angle of the major axis is 155deg the bestfit black hole mass is m_bh45x107 msolar based on a kinematically hot disk model where the velocity dispersion is included through the jeans equation this black hole mass estimate is somewhat lower than but consistent with the mass values previously derived from ionized gas kinematics it is also consistent with the stellar dynamical measurement from the same ao observations which we present in a separate paper it brings cen a in agreement with the m_bhsigma relation | [['we', 'present', 'twodimensional', 'gaskinematic', 'maps', 'of', 'the', 'central', 'region', 'in', 'centaurus', 'a', 'the', 'adaptive', 'optics', 'ao', 'assisted', 'sinfoni', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'vlt', 'have', 'a', 'resolution', 'of', '012', 'in', 'kband', 'the', 'ionized', 'gas', 'species', 'br_gamma', 'feii', 'sivi', 'show', 'a', 'rotational', 'pattern', 'that', 'is', 'increasingly', 'overlaid', 'by', 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709.1878 | Liquid Cooling of Bright LEDs for Automotive Applications | With the advances in the technology of materials based on GaN, high
brightness white light emitting diodes (LEDs) have flourished over the past few
years and have shown to be very promising in many new illumination applications
such as outdoor illumination, task and decorative lighting as well as aircraft
and automobile illuminations. The objective of this paper is to investigate an
active liquid cooling solution of such LEDs in an application of automotive
headlights. The thermal design from device to board to system level has been
carried out in this research. Air cooling and passive liquid cooling methods
are investigated and excluded as unsuitable, and therefore an active liquid
cooling solution is selected. Several configurations of the active liquid
cooling system are studied and optimisation work has been carried out to find
an optimum thermal performance.
| cond-mat.other | with the advances in the technology of materials based on gan high brightness white light emitting diodes leds have flourished over the past few years and have shown to be very promising in many new illumination applications such as outdoor illumination task and decorative lighting as well as aircraft and automobile illuminations the objective of this paper is to investigate an active liquid cooling solution of such leds in an application of automotive headlights the thermal design from device to board to system level has been carried out in this research air cooling and passive liquid cooling methods are investigated and excluded as unsuitable and therefore an active liquid cooling solution is selected several configurations of the active liquid cooling system are studied and optimisation work has been carried out to find an optimum thermal performance | [['with', 'the', 'advances', 'in', 'the', 'technology', 'of', 'materials', 'based', 'on', 'gan', 'high', 'brightness', 'white', 'light', 'emitting', 'diodes', 'leds', 'have', 'flourished', 'over', 'the', 'past', 'few', 'years', 'and', 'have', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'very', 'promising', 'in', 'many', 'new', 'illumination', 'applications', 'such', 'as', 'outdoor', 'illumination', 'task', 'and', 'decorative', 'lighting', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'aircraft', 'and', 'automobile', 'illuminations', 'the', 'objective', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'investigate', 'an', 'active', 'liquid', 'cooling', 'solution', 'of', 'such', 'leds', 'in', 'an', 'application', 'of', 'automotive', 'headlights', 'the', 'thermal', 'design', 'from', 'device', 'to', 'board', 'to', 'system', 'level', 'has', 'been', 'carried', 'out', 'in', 'this', 'research', 'air', 'cooling', 'and', 'passive', 'liquid', 'cooling', 'methods', 'are', 'investigated', 'and', 'excluded', 'as', 'unsuitable', 'and', 'therefore', 'an', 'active', 'liquid', 'cooling', 'solution', 'is', 'selected', 'several', 'configurations', 'of', 'the', 'active', 'liquid', 'cooling', 'system', 'are', 'studied', 'and', 'optimisation', 'work', 'has', 'been', 'carried', 'out', 'to', 'find', 'an', 'optimum', 'thermal', 'performance']] | [-0.06443110352419727, 0.10618735768580603, -0.06803821832256611, -0.022894557526502896, -0.025101636652834713, -0.1652918646372307, 0.031502685128704314, 0.47048134449869394, -0.20631722462541588, -0.37082074779798, 0.16751869978479056, -0.27232457571389046, -0.11951709518154316, 0.2774060436880545, -0.14345902729067295, 0.112229592685574, -0.006550644688746508, -0.04902418990840327, -0.03012157934341196, -0.23391115487388828, 0.19841579873772228, 0.10051557151874636, 0.31961712806814296, 0.06986631979302996, 0.12074042594673194, -0.06236256266985198, 0.01735637032235151, -0.011343187114963418, -0.062257786801851844, 0.022097200737334788, 0.30492552939583273, 0.08601758893414893, 0.2767357965006822, -0.47017218994305415, -0.2971497786775752, 0.06904951487804818, 0.1439802921274403, 0.04023973796318066, -0.1269640933314804, -0.25307598027318495, 0.023794781160712077, -0.19723252549096393, -0.09624256725381951, -0.057037581033107604, 0.020108675419846, 0.025287038351320113, -0.20458505552532563, -0.05897553454783252, 0.010432437371277688, 0.08411908685229719, -0.06109003559857443, -0.1455082595536677, 0.01573845900437685, 0.1510425814845161, 0.07632987593430751, 0.009901893616402316, 0.23168252241414258, -0.1556867278105689, -0.07581296385101535, 0.37784448070734095, -0.03360236123519238, -0.10018391526917934, 0.2158155876728843, -0.0781168855713023, -0.09575031513197567, 0.16687220475389897, 0.19766662587576053, 0.14672834853477337, -0.20957558975308477, 0.005014447814199443, -0.017482360093922848, 0.1533041928881122, 0.06733034009983599, 0.0748385910598753, 0.250121108671438, 0.2795366686563391, 0.06012422453076236, 0.15482539069232779, -0.14417072545620613, -0.05631481378462494, -0.19105965772691622, -0.17151228847968228, -0.15487301235878156, 0.04353075738318319, 0.015579170918820584, -0.15191783325345193, 0.3490638407221174, 0.17254521361867184, 0.11197432573467, -0.06158286627203993, 0.34707167851293513, 0.05268134918878786, 0.07737923904171433, 0.03283256111856591, 0.29149070299942703, 0.10310373954930316, 0.1366637102319681, -0.21047339157153414, 0.03246131839627838, -0.04518164834350019] |
709.1879 | Thermal Design of Power Semiconductor Modules for Mobile Communication
Systems | We will describe the thermal performance of power semiconductor module, which
consists of hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBTs), for mobile
communication systems. We calculate the thermal resistance between the HBT
fingers and the bottom surface of a multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB)
using a finite element method (FEM). We applied a steady state analysis to
evaluate the influence of design parameters on thermal resistance of the
module. We found that the thickness of GaAs substrate, the thickness of
multi-layer circuit board, the thermal conductivity of bonding material under
GaAs substrate, and misalignment of thermal vias between each layer of PCB are
the dominant parameter in thermal resistance of the module.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we will describe the thermal performance of power semiconductor module which consists of heterojunction bipolar transistors hbts for mobile communication systems we calculate the thermal resistance between the hbt fingers and the bottom surface of a multilayer printed circuit board pcb using a finite element method fem we applied a steady state analysis to evaluate the influence of design parameters on thermal resistance of the module we found that the thickness of gaas substrate the thickness of multilayer circuit board the thermal conductivity of bonding material under gaas substrate and misalignment of thermal vias between each layer of pcb are the dominant parameter in thermal resistance of the module | [['we', 'will', 'describe', 'the', 'thermal', 'performance', 'of', 'power', 'semiconductor', 'module', 'which', 'consists', 'of', 'heterojunction', 'bipolar', 'transistors', 'hbts', 'for', 'mobile', 'communication', 'systems', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'thermal', 'resistance', 'between', 'the', 'hbt', 'fingers', 'and', 'the', 'bottom', 'surface', 'of', 'a', 'multilayer', 'printed', 'circuit', 'board', 'pcb', 'using', 'a', 'finite', 'element', 'method', 'fem', 'we', 'applied', 'a', 'steady', 'state', 'analysis', 'to', 'evaluate', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'design', 'parameters', 'on', 'thermal', 'resistance', 'of', 'the', 'module', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'thickness', 'of', 'gaas', 'substrate', 'the', 'thickness', 'of', 'multilayer', 'circuit', 'board', 'the', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'of', 'bonding', 'material', 'under', 'gaas', 'substrate', 'and', 'misalignment', 'of', 'thermal', 'vias', 'between', 'each', 'layer', 'of', 'pcb', 'are', 'the', 'dominant', 'parameter', 'in', 'thermal', 'resistance', 'of', 'the', 'module']] | [-0.17016114265051321, 0.1074246621323288, -0.03491211894455306, -0.09179441326665222, -0.004100703198565255, -0.2074602518205044, 0.043311808745316954, 0.4240191650978469, -0.28426358553606573, -0.2876438147499474, 0.023476618834463624, -0.2690128811524002, -0.1429615476160148, 0.2626622215921589, -0.0362766605263593, 0.05190409761810795, 0.05239353937293412, -0.0649403305297051, -0.03557962970594542, -0.17874077517873557, 0.3072350639679016, 0.09063314464062862, 0.3326094414987559, 0.0853510937934374, 0.09731489814681198, -0.041714791537459016, 0.0757692294075675, 0.05333239012376465, -0.1384316166896088, 0.059261200560786584, 0.21429004365313423, -0.08947018417316156, 0.20440316272027995, -0.525127492058988, -0.16612118182259553, -0.002462978303910942, 0.05112544936127961, 0.05896249464221743, -0.03237569168607337, -0.19712680377869293, 0.08947502644818037, -0.17251670573316857, -0.06517009416578012, 0.041754637306573195, -0.01647108915014141, -0.01339516481982732, -0.20211976811870797, 0.005074199716295671, 0.01941517117826285, 0.060925940937072105, -0.08871186179014931, -0.16527889917578992, -0.10126429185625849, 0.14272189911437827, -0.06650164335487632, -0.07080493811299007, 0.3050621546710918, -0.13142142089989214, -0.08708120278219496, 0.3113073716751821, -0.06888185636302747, -0.1367855015971245, 0.11875173678074818, -0.11837592623153821, 0.031124173146629824, 0.13072749672440487, 0.1882848143801862, 0.04734727997042307, -0.16136565421699384, 0.05765094828830365, -0.006481971933480797, 0.24334933175149998, 0.0742304952251255, 0.032242630604107717, 0.19257835836423168, 0.2819087322151989, 0.007479591423286757, 0.21173415750418917, -0.18674710624287366, 0.0008236635732678098, -0.23815768950836683, -0.24676450963960875, -0.17058696660718217, 0.060528796867877585, -0.10874629711466328, -0.2672806642436927, 0.4531630474065832, 0.16169874255178035, 0.09980172176050757, -0.013025799636951212, 0.34690739811662963, 0.07633343851620998, 0.11006585209536443, 0.028710360023611728, 0.2519246501967721, 0.20935291010852253, 0.13325614085284257, -0.3045564658615157, 0.09283925599307505, 0.026122280200003484] |
709.188 | Detection and Imaging of He_2 Molecules in Superfluid Helium | We present data that show a cycling transition can be used to detect and
image metastable He$_2$ triplet molecules in superfluid helium. We demonstrate
that limitations on the cycling efficiency due to the vibrational structure of
the molecule can be mitigated by the use of repumping lasers. Images of the
molecules obtained using the method are also shown. This technique gives rise
to a new kind of ionizing radiation detector. The use of He$_2$ triplet
molecules as tracer particles in the superfluid promises to be a powerful tool
for visualization of both quantum and classical turbulence in liquid helium.
| nucl-ex astro-ph physics.atom-ph | we present data that show a cycling transition can be used to detect and image metastable he_2 triplet molecules in superfluid helium we demonstrate that limitations on the cycling efficiency due to the vibrational structure of the molecule can be mitigated by the use of repumping lasers images of the molecules obtained using the method are also shown this technique gives rise to a new kind of ionizing radiation detector the use of he_2 triplet molecules as tracer particles in the superfluid promises to be a powerful tool for visualization of both quantum and classical turbulence in liquid helium | [['we', 'present', 'data', 'that', 'show', 'a', 'cycling', 'transition', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'detect', 'and', 'image', 'metastable', 'he_2', 'triplet', 'molecules', 'in', 'superfluid', 'helium', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'limitations', 'on', 'the', 'cycling', 'efficiency', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'vibrational', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'molecule', 'can', 'be', 'mitigated', 'by', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'repumping', 'lasers', 'images', 'of', 'the', 'molecules', 'obtained', 'using', 'the', 'method', 'are', 'also', 'shown', 'this', 'technique', 'gives', 'rise', 'to', 'a', 'new', 'kind', 'of', 'ionizing', 'radiation', 'detector', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'he_2', 'triplet', 'molecules', 'as', 'tracer', 'particles', 'in', 'the', 'superfluid', 'promises', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'powerful', 'tool', 'for', 'visualization', 'of', 'both', 'quantum', 'and', 'classical', 'turbulence', 'in', 'liquid', 'helium']] | [-0.034117822922505155, 0.17658413757541866, -0.11126785334952251, 0.056600845140179226, 0.014714504300494386, -0.1442939901319944, 0.042786498797464774, 0.39885535268018946, -0.24937157655567532, -0.3004401655623106, 0.013137431370771745, -0.24435012733488523, -0.08111608895764809, 0.19688995665343798, -0.029672982538062515, 0.014529211681825345, 0.07269687618533469, -0.03699718017338051, -0.0030592876919215977, -0.181818767998725, 0.27548856257620935, 0.06265402844321509, 0.2827404057042617, 0.09873962177274127, 0.08111070512883327, -0.09474266605037782, 0.03460058126824372, -0.029909604746434424, -0.11582878284403852, 0.11840247351563338, 0.2704037560756798, 0.09999572591047094, 0.19998476185572495, -0.4828507795628875, -0.23882188210546068, 0.10346417489104123, 0.1941425002819736, 0.1809768962457475, -0.08979225661614416, -0.2957396398797029, 0.009444239797456322, -0.17190248714383655, -0.12731182670709912, -0.14843935385402857, -0.042623249610481466, 0.04785791770384572, -0.25054918127804715, 0.05205102099518461, 0.016283611056742944, 0.03472010881611795, -0.0439603228752285, -0.06279928812926466, -0.017408861910378694, 0.09142728908119177, -0.01395596040770261, 0.018709218153033894, 0.19402313530633244, -0.15551062898399928, -0.07801747122647787, 0.40863423204199983, -0.1488931418538818, -0.12172244776115575, 0.20265517472242467, -0.11407420966266231, -0.10530157949342722, 0.21831594586885072, 0.1387210809202357, 0.12588564466892016, -0.11635968967804196, -0.015117912441539117, 0.010428455296076007, 0.20048222971158197, 0.06612719591198997, 0.05204403615848283, 0.2358214334217888, 0.18614377878192398, 0.029310757317815465, 0.2029861034895999, -0.18600498256743933, -0.03797976647249677, -0.21361309325679986, -0.22703180185077015, -0.19093170053457295, 0.04159713996517839, 7.962473612890174e-05, -0.12765772167606176, 0.3563841969677896, 0.15848477687298632, 0.15566485489464618, -0.05585899559846806, 0.3111218915866556, 0.08476563710883975, 0.07002269705249504, -0.015226719007272311, 0.2676675999819329, 0.18044061075679657, 0.09156050695332163, -0.283714575683604, 0.041864717722578784, 0.023679869677495174] |
709.1881 | Gamma-ray blazars: the combined AGILE and MAGIC views | We describe the emission properties of blazars, i.e. the AGNs that, due to
their peculiar orientation w.r.t. the observer, allow the most penetrating and
direct view of their central engine. After showing that the extragalactic
GeV-TeV sky is dominated by blazars of various types, we discuss the kind of
blazars that are likely to be jointly detected by AGILE and MAGIC.
| astro-ph | we describe the emission properties of blazars ie the agns that due to their peculiar orientation wrt the observer allow the most penetrating and direct view of their central engine after showing that the extragalactic gevtev sky is dominated by blazars of various types we discuss the kind of blazars that are likely to be jointly detected by agile and magic | [['we', 'describe', 'the', 'emission', 'properties', 'of', 'blazars', 'ie', 'the', 'agns', 'that', 'due', 'to', 'their', 'peculiar', 'orientation', 'wrt', 'the', 'observer', 'allow', 'the', 'most', 'penetrating', 'and', 'direct', 'view', 'of', 'their', 'central', 'engine', 'after', 'showing', 'that', 'the', 'extragalactic', 'gevtev', 'sky', 'is', 'dominated', 'by', 'blazars', 'of', 'various', 'types', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'kind', 'of', 'blazars', 'that', 'are', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'jointly', 'detected', 'by', 'agile', 'and', 'magic']] | [-0.04863472063033307, 0.14099142895858796, -0.04149115624547493, 0.16232111231141463, -0.15590633812253593, -0.08192808610829906, 0.04456939552070909, 0.4905048712599473, -0.22543646607616702, -0.33804944337757886, 0.057191114145575365, -0.30096150890420204, -0.03955890291721606, 0.2519114810637519, -0.028653824570222346, -0.04254777987342572, 0.028448325215426624, -0.08559045278406167, 0.008151383058084022, -0.21638547213076323, 0.3283521408352573, 0.14523147538182188, 0.2196361710638052, -0.004899637620957171, 0.12364454846829176, -0.0328984279643561, -0.10113684126160673, 0.007185773511768364, -0.028457481183038192, 0.10731668216863373, 0.26664373938177455, 0.17356064094261067, 0.181450637958211, -0.3417119159989181, -0.21078514973403978, 0.13307234978677368, 0.1374981998443054, 0.004518601005194617, -0.0022142930414344444, -0.3510747250993965, 0.10159787489673824, -0.1650585164850364, -0.16594349443301804, -0.003756303668449648, 0.012406189147321904, 0.10258503662819257, -0.09160452467564982, 0.053992922601030495, 0.08890808343727019, 0.048543348221383134, -0.1054222555563892, -0.03754395055660947, -0.01963386661182234, 0.10506417437410745, 0.12814909506390695, 0.003989798505408842, 0.16785843703956876, -0.1606181182242075, -0.12858596059386848, 0.42851565949252396, 0.038414105876028296, -0.015983790205028214, 0.19900856102954168, -0.19487613396810705, -0.21612748197569956, 0.15781179672015494, 0.15412179974182585, 0.1281868267926525, -0.1567993407427776, 0.01317858753809858, -0.000987496410236984, 0.13914648968665327, 0.004861705696027055, 0.10882410833795296, 0.31150453597246136, 0.06813814649816419, 0.06896064151841842, 0.16260253611883363, -0.2257344977716442, -0.020743354460316114, -0.3112194808047326, -0.08195142280005041, -0.1672253043077825, 0.10532552918388707, -0.09201260046655556, -0.07633338901443315, 0.44353855941749987, 0.13255483434214943, 0.1925809438813661, -0.013112082252981232, 0.28127308988363525, 0.06969440233756284, 0.06537210824517686, 0.1291063446666068, 0.3819592631437251, 0.08603271772535365, 0.067020848256032, -0.1954284702030728, 0.10980611123511048, 0.0016600785654832105] |
709.1882 | Waves, analytical signals, and some postulates of quantum theory | In this paper we apply the formalism of the analytical signal theory to the
Schrodinger wavefunction. Making use exclusively of the wave-particle duality
and the principle of relativistic covariance, we actually derive the form of
the quantum energy and momentum operators for a single nonrelativistic
particle. Without using any more quantum postulates, and employing the
formalism of the characteristic function, we also derive the quantum-mechanical
prescription for the measurement probability in such cases.
| quant-ph | in this paper we apply the formalism of the analytical signal theory to the schrodinger wavefunction making use exclusively of the waveparticle duality and the principle of relativistic covariance we actually derive the form of the quantum energy and momentum operators for a single nonrelativistic particle without using any more quantum postulates and employing the formalism of the characteristic function we also derive the quantummechanical prescription for the measurement probability in such cases | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'apply', 'the', 'formalism', 'of', 'the', 'analytical', 'signal', 'theory', 'to', 'the', 'schrodinger', 'wavefunction', 'making', 'use', 'exclusively', 'of', 'the', 'waveparticle', 'duality', 'and', 'the', 'principle', 'of', 'relativistic', 'covariance', 'we', 'actually', 'derive', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'energy', 'and', 'momentum', 'operators', 'for', 'a', 'single', 'nonrelativistic', 'particle', 'without', 'using', 'any', 'more', 'quantum', 'postulates', 'and', 'employing', 'the', 'formalism', 'of', 'the', 'characteristic', 'function', 'we', 'also', 'derive', 'the', 'quantummechanical', 'prescription', 'for', 'the', 'measurement', 'probability', 'in', 'such', 'cases']] | [-0.07972535226742852, 0.10629149736862069, -0.14987050583075784, 0.11512738302165056, -0.04856817297037844, -0.10481337171481693, 0.04926106630990358, 0.30413564488495864, -0.22230128812514346, -0.269719960008531, -0.005342866274949214, -0.22868990232172895, -0.15782245197524764, 0.17771151044552713, 0.009386347727977659, 0.08666951243752895, 0.028847886782062994, 0.061404014912063945, -0.12711339346962433, -0.14863619277547177, 0.3731020812187599, 0.07003433055448512, 0.24870157041523147, 0.06290159535224307, 0.12765022827797148, 0.12121437017627265, -0.01926763311717404, -0.012380381620136027, -0.1294117600526278, 0.1270581058366862, 0.1982483658780127, 0.14988648687323478, 0.24055544243589655, -0.4837450021239993, -0.2043439190255076, 0.09019159187550006, 0.10650192740634849, 0.19844868031572804, -0.026636856471942673, -0.27792831053574607, 0.013422167547404358, -0.2094552984639798, -0.1863419394174667, -0.06527647557221863, -0.02863403086946027, -0.026020240548947086, -0.2645265391632302, 0.12642853434336346, 0.06679007389314778, 0.004464442964502904, -0.06893658454287542, -0.03594793971270731, 0.04004721277176517, 0.0801349622707763, 0.008658742953142892, -0.016201056476223143, 0.1094081427276849, -0.13375694554439452, -0.11810554129913552, 0.39519892280844793, -0.04510979820680741, -0.2652877420952467, 0.1270740288628699, -0.17187857375263352, -0.12733759779534112, 0.030778170939636966, 0.12373780278004196, 0.15454474929720163, -0.18823358521809522, 0.12540217683003094, -0.033742678798224825, 0.10066004633291127, 0.0656632424447022, 0.09308057814224126, 0.16892429604514003, 0.06565661812583877, 0.013272893262631579, 0.11245217988879917, -0.09169926715070663, -0.151155059085521, -0.3845055559522485, -0.2149628960258967, -0.1999983483262054, 0.10323077436434487, -0.09354887358554836, -0.14318619255129605, 0.3785669348897948, 0.17375376534150683, 0.14674892150222846, 0.07299443744505717, 0.29556625665560976, 0.24083521318851575, 0.028461673080104673, 0.04938494990107744, 0.2670566185492359, 0.19363959546022322, 0.08831184063336417, -0.24342590416079923, -0.023331648816852128, 0.10687164185976941] |
709.1883 | The structure of line-driven winds | Following procedures pioneered by Castor, Abbott & Klein (1975, [CAK]),
spherically-symmetric supersonic winds for O stars are computed for matching to
plane-parallel moving reversing layers (RL's) from Paper I (Lucy 2007). In
contrast to a CAK wind, each of these solutions is singularity-free, thus
allowing its mass-loss rate to be fixed by the regularity condition at the
sonic point within the RL. Moreover, information propagation in these winds by
radiative-acoustic waves is everywhere outwardly-directed, justifying the
implicit assumption in Paper I that transonic flows are unaffected by
inwardly-directed wave motions.
| astro-ph | following procedures pioneered by castor abbott klein 1975 cak sphericallysymmetric supersonic winds for o stars are computed for matching to planeparallel moving reversing layers rls from paper i lucy 2007 in contrast to a cak wind each of these solutions is singularityfree thus allowing its massloss rate to be fixed by the regularity condition at the sonic point within the rl moreover information propagation in these winds by radiativeacoustic waves is everywhere outwardlydirected justifying the implicit assumption in paper i that transonic flows are unaffected by inwardlydirected wave motions | [['following', 'procedures', 'pioneered', 'by', 'castor', 'abbott', 'klein', '1975', 'cak', 'sphericallysymmetric', 'supersonic', 'winds', 'for', 'o', 'stars', 'are', 'computed', 'for', 'matching', 'to', 'planeparallel', 'moving', 'reversing', 'layers', 'rls', 'from', 'paper', 'i', 'lucy', '2007', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'a', 'cak', 'wind', 'each', 'of', 'these', 'solutions', 'is', 'singularityfree', 'thus', 'allowing', 'its', 'massloss', 'rate', 'to', 'be', 'fixed', 'by', 'the', 'regularity', 'condition', 'at', 'the', 'sonic', 'point', 'within', 'the', 'rl', 'moreover', 'information', 'propagation', 'in', 'these', 'winds', 'by', 'radiativeacoustic', 'waves', 'is', 'everywhere', 'outwardlydirected', 'justifying', 'the', 'implicit', 'assumption', 'in', 'paper', 'i', 'that', 'transonic', 'flows', 'are', 'unaffected', 'by', 'inwardlydirected', 'wave', 'motions']] | [-0.0883451568201011, 0.11898181569047792, -0.0535328992111825, 0.05697231280325024, -0.11503805782440184, -0.1221818667159654, 0.043720259437767986, 0.395736044814247, -0.24610804635753888, -0.27721385833222506, 0.1084343065483344, -0.2523917264987303, -0.042518738830505415, 0.1722411310170279, -0.09501573858446939, 0.03262369068061373, 0.058756850443260615, -0.10812807905076202, -0.03640832703934203, -0.22450790820686622, 0.3606131137781885, 0.07339282760526551, 0.19684933189053608, -0.04317446900694089, 0.08570244155694233, -0.06912403486582429, -0.05459167750357369, 0.037318704337785884, -0.1627299005175341, 0.024422678446700406, 0.2080001835603007, 0.12466560945261357, 0.27275407637556104, -0.4436200019838505, -0.25505177020420167, -0.007812745533450398, 0.2057233893875639, 0.10144686513190526, -0.03801962439793834, -0.28055988114630415, 0.06786558705620295, -0.1511147028602779, -0.17080871939529166, 0.01753526092182065, 0.04322170343677795, 0.06887502650199674, -0.2742068004127061, 0.09461580442270091, 0.08774955997373475, 0.0719310104559977, -0.060481075886474535, -0.027728698346330675, -0.09115210953601745, 0.053910911099465435, 0.0803632632731785, 0.04581129516956808, 0.1183849782737102, -0.1377490988802598, -0.055801669796279006, 0.360628207387446, -0.08462467806164695, -0.14575683222650443, 0.20458803178612575, -0.13910775128339126, -0.0645600822483471, 0.19174454111584224, 0.1228782988429546, 0.16316192841893712, -0.16246647968195205, 0.05906229536590535, -0.07219453782995833, 0.06667899009995, 0.17448309049021107, -0.09677659147310742, 0.2164752372096531, 0.05386343762971634, 0.026493803283936062, 0.02774863051071893, -0.12181807026202075, -0.07771176908999075, -0.2703804933563481, -0.12478325988685843, -0.10799906513285498, 0.05077300870809352, -0.10580209383827656, -0.12651570175969323, 0.30492174103422914, 0.1746110403801986, 0.13737093685952903, 0.019955711071054604, 0.30232186251601506, 0.12366141078162526, -0.012192759462523945, 0.2584326629267009, 0.3217131785376994, 0.16002777604342894, 0.13353701535244147, -0.20113231554400002, 0.07602765554627187, 0.16504861116625888] |
709.1884 | Growth of Epitaxial MgB2 Thick Films with Columnar Structures by Using
HPCVD | Epitaxial MgB2 thick films were grown on Al2O3 substrates at 600 oC by using
the hybrid physical chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD) technique. In order to
obtain a high magnesium vapor pressure around the substrates, we used a special
susceptor having a susceptor cap and achieved a very high growth rate of 0.17
um/min. Hexgonal-shaped columnar structures were observed by cross-sectional
and planar view transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. For the
1.7-um-thick film, the Tc was observed to be 40.5 K with a Jc of 1.5 x 10^6
A/cm^2 at 30 K. The vortex pinning mechanism by intercolumnar boundaries will
be discussed.
| cond-mat.supr-con | epitaxial mgb2 thick films were grown on al2o3 substrates at 600 oc by using the hybrid physical chemical vapor deposition hpcvd technique in order to obtain a high magnesium vapor pressure around the substrates we used a special susceptor having a susceptor cap and achieved a very high growth rate of 017 ummin hexgonalshaped columnar structures were observed by crosssectional and planar view transmission electron microscope tem images for the 17umthick film the tc was observed to be 405 k with a jc of 15 x 106 acm2 at 30 k the vortex pinning mechanism by intercolumnar boundaries will be discussed | [['epitaxial', 'mgb2', 'thick', 'films', 'were', 'grown', 'on', 'al2o3', 'substrates', 'at', '600', 'oc', 'by', 'using', 'the', 'hybrid', 'physical', 'chemical', 'vapor', 'deposition', 'hpcvd', 'technique', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'obtain', 'a', 'high', 'magnesium', 'vapor', 'pressure', 'around', 'the', 'substrates', 'we', 'used', 'a', 'special', 'susceptor', 'having', 'a', 'susceptor', 'cap', 'and', 'achieved', 'a', 'very', 'high', 'growth', 'rate', 'of', '017', 'ummin', 'hexgonalshaped', 'columnar', 'structures', 'were', 'observed', 'by', 'crosssectional', 'and', 'planar', 'view', 'transmission', 'electron', 'microscope', 'tem', 'images', 'for', 'the', '17umthick', 'film', 'the', 'tc', 'was', 'observed', 'to', 'be', '405', 'k', 'with', 'a', 'jc', 'of', '15', 'x', '106', 'acm2', 'at', '30', 'k', 'the', 'vortex', 'pinning', 'mechanism', 'by', 'intercolumnar', 'boundaries', 'will', 'be', 'discussed']] | [-0.09818494878284885, 0.2078620682877954, -0.04354647560588395, -0.07679681611474128, 0.02071548047873269, -0.1614213244029088, 0.14285292111647627, 0.45542679862410296, -0.21579123358242214, -0.35269848567744094, 0.0611179739292614, -0.2877364400895506, -0.011023344530258328, 0.20967636715310314, -0.015102925011888146, 0.06609401906219621, -0.056031299878668506, -0.13303864027451104, -0.05586812444137953, -0.28016561120360467, 0.18452879395044874, 0.07238518471179607, 0.3812632731181414, 0.07439178045994292, 0.07345743427079772, -0.1034619193111818, 0.1246976510665263, 0.010031146336890137, -0.2338886669507095, 0.02158210462948773, 0.25976211602634675, -0.10729803656189081, 0.1702631414421679, -0.4707888367314202, -0.2504904614664459, -0.055802085633331444, 0.10686605032727432, 0.052673914209056726, -0.10248250722967593, -0.21809218072060807, 0.1512928572386348, -0.07228456701947532, -0.13676715935192382, -0.0036144253687477126, -0.026743502316094236, -0.03347308410290376, -0.26532210267032497, 0.06189686762809288, -0.019788708557219554, 0.19028486267779954, -0.09313641666085459, -0.15665721819702108, -0.11118971225005225, -0.03360846978709257, -0.03728838747095627, 0.10654878426187982, 0.2738411291356897, -0.06154294324126871, -0.03809147343660394, 0.3295018729016495, -0.08581420883638202, -0.018395870506841067, 0.1635031987874148, -0.21095264450802156, -0.014368298497477857, 0.27506522842183284, 0.09918153195394552, 0.12650799012105077, -0.1786821464096041, 0.03401066921530097, 0.011894245328827916, 0.21382347653464726, 0.23718435545257913, -0.023947893651590373, 0.21691274598803525, 0.23797888888899857, -0.0390251357263575, 0.12656272182114967, -0.20094667341860864, 0.06416785022399078, -0.13016933578061676, -0.18957691547984723, -0.14062533198739402, 0.11608951080658396, -0.14402656857146212, -0.14297093322966248, 0.3023330663951735, 0.07232593165826984, 0.21166980528717735, -0.07586957591653724, 0.21996970804563412, 0.035411223094949186, 0.10706171102113633, -0.0045541716293276595, 0.21692487976785438, 0.19095880006837737, 0.17503146579838358, -0.17781539456943088, 0.12891624824987957, -0.019190967992471997] |
709.1885 | Local electronic properties in nanoscale systems | The local electronic structure on nanoscale chains is investigated
theoretically. We propose a mechanism to explain the even-odd oscillation of
length distribution of atom chains. We study the spatial peak structure as
obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) constant-current topography as
a function of the electron-electron interaction, band filling and temperature.
The site-dependent magnetic moment is also examined.
| cond-mat.str-el | the local electronic structure on nanoscale chains is investigated theoretically we propose a mechanism to explain the evenodd oscillation of length distribution of atom chains we study the spatial peak structure as obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy stm constantcurrent topography as a function of the electronelectron interaction band filling and temperature the sitedependent magnetic moment is also examined | [['the', 'local', 'electronic', 'structure', 'on', 'nanoscale', 'chains', 'is', 'investigated', 'theoretically', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'mechanism', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'evenodd', 'oscillation', 'of', 'length', 'distribution', 'of', 'atom', 'chains', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'spatial', 'peak', 'structure', 'as', 'obtained', 'by', 'scanning', 'tunneling', 'microscopy', 'stm', 'constantcurrent', 'topography', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'electronelectron', 'interaction', 'band', 'filling', 'and', 'temperature', 'the', 'sitedependent', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'is', 'also', 'examined']] | [-0.22319746730399542, 0.16656303365518146, -0.05935969032299031, 0.1359040119388173, -0.008729488685213286, -0.1333803440251484, 0.08278912554318406, 0.44751990380985984, -0.3128625536658641, -0.277633854412827, -0.018295485767182606, -0.2794223291927884, -0.15126527158607697, 0.1399355209914261, 0.0908868224600908, -0.004348826212286628, -0.02094266925344308, -0.03616051888093352, -0.062222813721746206, -0.16892600347737557, 0.2848116772185112, 0.13546560167892965, 0.3460695494994007, 0.12758693700266904, 0.06675851072088398, 0.07236773630700491, 0.11022934474950206, 0.050631589507122106, -0.20236937854246334, 0.06345625435291179, 0.17666332007903637, -0.08203377660789431, 0.17775146183878954, -0.4974035758139758, -0.2182943976407967, -0.030677294461854437, 0.13309147335781618, 0.14456129762151376, -0.06680848755962054, -0.2877741190123147, 0.016474220901727676, -0.10587903189248052, -0.1321484963811035, -0.11200764163493596, -0.006262662667973802, 0.04075562247026969, -0.19473556344244822, 0.11956614872053314, -0.001346712691131337, 0.13374413665512513, -0.10041362939177659, -0.07013242349735108, -0.05590457826499538, 0.04025285002165314, 0.032958088049279716, 0.01574148756756993, 0.20086928217768155, -0.06937245955562284, -0.09946757006651626, 0.31838560637472, -0.071669802069664, -0.09033198361204745, 0.1179552295181001, -0.20398961401399995, -0.039370493353183926, 0.10123862350231101, 0.07555482795578428, 0.0843495300826456, -0.1720998972385383, 0.09252398682794341, -0.04340425852268677, 0.21117408140080757, 0.09557206509634852, 0.07982004212279772, 0.21918552282169976, 0.2296801621158575, 0.06727550190006351, 0.1615285329552817, -0.23066142107889956, -0.036309554418227794, -0.20974766365091863, -0.14291968546679307, -0.2603227763500964, 0.06822503945019481, -0.02403700765165107, -0.2085710400635184, 0.43119268401943406, 0.11094662855411398, 0.23462025499260375, -0.06322524123343415, 0.2942237310063351, 0.12859929479449858, 0.0616819986527593, -0.08878445529764326, 0.16492897068182455, 0.2034846882452257, 0.08954578029505651, -0.3563048998054502, 0.08981211681786025, 0.04229188659067812] |
709.1886 | Mass loss and very low-metallicity stars | Mass loss plays a dominant role in the evolution of massive stars at solar
metallicity. After discussing different mass loss mechanisms and their
metallicity dependence, we present the possibility of strong mass loss at very
low metallicity. Our models at Z=1e-8 show that stars more massive than about
60 solar masses may lose a significant fraction of their initial mass in the
red supergiant phase. This mass loss is due to the surface enrichment in CNO
elements via rotational and convective mixing. Our 85 solar mass model ends its
life as a fast rotating WO type Wolf-Rayet star. Therefore the models predict
the existence of type Ic SNe and long and soft GRBs at very low metallicities.
Such strong mass loss in the red supergiant phase or the Omega-Gamma limit
could prevent the most massive stars from ending as pair-creation supernovae.
The very low metallicity models calculated are also very interesting from the
nucleosynthesis point of view. Indeed, the wind of the massive star models can
reproduce the CNO abundances of the most metal-poor carbon-rich star known to
date, HE1327-2326. Finally, using chemical evolution models, we are able to
reproduce the evolution of CNO elements as observed in the normal extremely
metal poor stars.
| astro-ph | mass loss plays a dominant role in the evolution of massive stars at solar metallicity after discussing different mass loss mechanisms and their metallicity dependence we present the possibility of strong mass loss at very low metallicity our models at z1e8 show that stars more massive than about 60 solar masses may lose a significant fraction of their initial mass in the red supergiant phase this mass loss is due to the surface enrichment in cno elements via rotational and convective mixing our 85 solar mass model ends its life as a fast rotating wo type wolfrayet star therefore the models predict the existence of type ic sne and long and soft grbs at very low metallicities such strong mass loss in the red supergiant phase or the omegagamma limit could prevent the most massive stars from ending as paircreation supernovae the very low metallicity models calculated are also very interesting from the nucleosynthesis point of view indeed the wind of the massive star models can reproduce the cno abundances of the most metalpoor carbonrich star known to date he13272326 finally using chemical evolution models we are able to reproduce the evolution of cno elements as observed in the normal extremely metal poor stars | [['mass', 'loss', 'plays', 'a', 'dominant', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'at', 'solar', 'metallicity', 'after', 'discussing', 'different', 'mass', 'loss', 'mechanisms', 'and', 'their', 'metallicity', 'dependence', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'strong', 'mass', 'loss', 'at', 'very', 'low', 'metallicity', 'our', 'models', 'at', 'z1e8', 'show', 'that', 'stars', 'more', 'massive', 'than', 'about', '60', 'solar', 'masses', 'may', 'lose', 'a', 'significant', 'fraction', 'of', 'their', 'initial', 'mass', 'in', 'the', 'red', 'supergiant', 'phase', 'this', 'mass', 'loss', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'surface', 'enrichment', 'in', 'cno', 'elements', 'via', 'rotational', 'and', 'convective', 'mixing', 'our', 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709.1887 | The space density of cataclysmic variables: constraints from the ROSAT
North Ecliptic Pole Survey | We use the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) survey to construct a small, but
purely X-ray flux-limited sample of cataclysmic variable stars (CVs). The
sample includes only 4 systems, 2 of which (RX J1715.6+6856 and RX
J1831.7+6511) are new discoveries. We present time-resolved spectroscopy of the
new CVs and measure orbital periods of 1.64 \pm 0.02 h and 4.01\pm 0.03 h for
RX 1715.6+6856 and RX J1831.7+6511, respectively. We also estimate distances
for all the CVs in our sample, based mainly on their apparent brightness in the
infrared. The space density of the CV population represented by our small
sample is (1.1 +2.3/-0.7) 10^-5 pc^-3. We can also place upper limits on the
space density of any sub-population of CVs too faint to be included in the NEP
survey. In particular, we show that if the overall space density of CVs is as
high as 2 10^-4 pc^-3 (as has been predicted theoretically), the vast majority
of CVs must be fainter than L_X \simeq 2 10^29 erg/s.
| astro-ph | we use the rosat north ecliptic pole nep survey to construct a small but purely xray fluxlimited sample of cataclysmic variable stars cvs the sample includes only 4 systems 2 of which rx j171566856 and rx j183176511 are new discoveries we present timeresolved spectroscopy of the new cvs and measure orbital periods of 164 pm 002 h and 401pm 003 h for rx 171566856 and rx j183176511 respectively we also estimate distances for all the cvs in our sample based mainly on their apparent brightness in the infrared the space density of the cv population represented by our small sample is 11 2307 105 pc3 we can also place upper limits on the space density of any subpopulation of cvs too faint to be included in the nep survey in particular we show that if the overall space density of cvs is as high as 2 104 pc3 as has been predicted theoretically the vast majority of cvs must be fainter than l_x simeq 2 1029 ergs | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'rosat', 'north', 'ecliptic', 'pole', 'nep', 'survey', 'to', 'construct', 'a', 'small', 'but', 'purely', 'xray', 'fluxlimited', 'sample', 'of', 'cataclysmic', 'variable', 'stars', 'cvs', 'the', 'sample', 'includes', 'only', '4', 'systems', '2', 'of', 'which', 'rx', 'j171566856', 'and', 'rx', 'j183176511', 'are', 'new', 'discoveries', 'we', 'present', 'timeresolved', 'spectroscopy', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'cvs', 'and', 'measure', 'orbital', 'periods', 'of', '164', 'pm', '002', 'h', 'and', '401pm', '003', 'h', 'for', 'rx', '171566856', 'and', 'rx', 'j183176511', 'respectively', 'we', 'also', 'estimate', 'distances', 'for', 'all', 'the', 'cvs', 'in', 'our', 'sample', 'based', 'mainly', 'on', 'their', 'apparent', 'brightness', 'in', 'the', 'infrared', 'the', 'space', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'cv', 'population', 'represented', 'by', 'our', 'small', 'sample', 'is', '11', '2307', '105', 'pc3', 'we', 'can', 'also', 'place', 'upper', 'limits', 'on', 'the', 'space', 'density', 'of', 'any', 'subpopulation', 'of', 'cvs', 'too', 'faint', 'to', 'be', 'included', 'in', 'the', 'nep', 'survey', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'overall', 'space', 'density', 'of', 'cvs', 'is', 'as', 'high', 'as', '2', '104', 'pc3', 'as', 'has', 'been', 'predicted', 'theoretically', 'the', 'vast', 'majority', 'of', 'cvs', 'must', 'be', 'fainter', 'than', 'l_x', 'simeq', '2', '1029', 'ergs']] | [-0.0972550119759147, 0.12249856976861204, -0.04574799342483374, 0.10199144404858673, -0.0907123354119881, -0.04214273542338223, 0.147353485492518, 0.40313917653991577, -0.14642798056090137, -0.37318582585035465, 0.12186269564726562, -0.33286720801257663, -0.03647440482099126, 0.22525489071016142, -0.07219012285637336, -0.03887853480266108, 0.008683171295733363, -0.04117237118843161, -0.05169228222911005, -0.32261807147562965, 0.2342117178745361, 0.0110031717893794, 0.16654492280500607, -0.07209255036116106, 0.09334939728486696, -0.03730571134422653, -0.04986408088114803, -0.026921258000965967, -0.1343869584640664, 0.01949522504295556, 0.2430559546833306, 0.1285642824066734, 0.2240937825681837, -0.29650184696157217, -0.16987740377594435, 0.10076004779253753, 0.22063971824231154, -0.036644559551927226, 0.020583437012657982, -0.2516466815478778, 0.12858086421418888, -0.18955148199435184, -0.15394343620879047, 0.010436821166989336, 0.1061347756523317, 0.06197327617440879, -0.20121080542190206, 0.1517504561425871, 0.009962117371298833, 0.08818831170257324, -0.16104629205361606, -0.18371711292499562, -0.04797597968502453, 0.022896881839030502, 0.005777921544870845, 0.11785343264367569, 0.11651083897730266, -0.10260340527999272, -0.01230022742162907, 0.34883554963277147, -0.07297305754045626, -0.0103440210884322, 0.15484709645058087, -0.2374768233584976, -0.18149441953196568, 0.15230543071110905, 0.16232909662878992, 0.16098244908484227, -0.1790885432439362, 0.05539035520668682, -0.039511604361770744, 0.24101689808001672, -0.006198799343963648, 0.12239734901770673, 0.25199990595380467, 0.11289324647859084, 0.054253057014760506, 0.08448335773420784, -0.3027442756028455, 0.010683999350869361, -0.2617150794795174, -0.10445238694399135, -0.1815643238401713, 0.11832663516462263, -0.1158472912060528, -0.10080806383026626, 0.29808876313338123, 0.13765335866583533, 0.20150173048741749, 0.037895377675778476, 0.26488387817229475, 0.13582460381906986, 0.0729787050865671, 0.12718199580378922, 0.29767865495020407, 0.16934488101482945, 0.06114043318953963, -0.16666090393289465, 0.05671965113818002, -0.030200434028010033] |
709.1888 | Localization of fermionic fields on braneworlds with bulk tachyon matter | Recently, Pal and Skar in [arXiv:hep-th/0701266] proposed a mechanism to
arise the warped braneworld models from bulk tachyon matter, which are endowed
with a thin brane and a thick brane. In this framework, we investigate
localization of fermionic fields on these branes. As in the 1/2 spin case, the
field can be localized on both the thin and thick branes with inclusion of
scalar background. In the 3/2 spin extension, the general supergravity action
coupled to chiral supermultiplets is considered to produce the localization on
both the branes as a result.
| hep-th | recently pal and skar in arxivhepth0701266 proposed a mechanism to arise the warped braneworld models from bulk tachyon matter which are endowed with a thin brane and a thick brane in this framework we investigate localization of fermionic fields on these branes as in the 12 spin case the field can be localized on both the thin and thick branes with inclusion of scalar background in the 32 spin extension the general supergravity action coupled to chiral supermultiplets is considered to produce the localization on both the branes as a result | [['recently', 'pal', 'and', 'skar', 'in', 'arxivhepth0701266', 'proposed', 'a', 'mechanism', 'to', 'arise', 'the', 'warped', 'braneworld', 'models', 'from', 'bulk', 'tachyon', 'matter', 'which', 'are', 'endowed', 'with', 'a', 'thin', 'brane', 'and', 'a', 'thick', 'brane', 'in', 'this', 'framework', 'we', 'investigate', 'localization', 'of', 'fermionic', 'fields', 'on', 'these', 'branes', 'as', 'in', 'the', '12', 'spin', 'case', 'the', 'field', 'can', 'be', 'localized', 'on', 'both', 'the', 'thin', 'and', 'thick', 'branes', 'with', 'inclusion', 'of', 'scalar', 'background', 'in', 'the', '32', 'spin', 'extension', 'the', 'general', 'supergravity', 'action', 'coupled', 'to', 'chiral', 'supermultiplets', 'is', 'considered', 'to', 'produce', 'the', 'localization', 'on', 'both', 'the', 'branes', 'as', 'a', 'result']] | [-0.11544382752160008, 0.15939762059264304, -0.03459391555633773, 0.07646991032060613, -0.07345009071940786, -0.14641922557454431, -0.07686882010880816, 0.32913448896489284, -0.1727438625471478, -0.2814524151342973, 0.09127467121730108, -0.26992346877964696, -0.10150538750380027, 0.12059213480587756, -0.0644911885695804, -0.016529284082771687, -0.06681402775804314, 0.025558441573900453, -0.032910510499993065, -0.2374240021231804, 0.3702779212820061, -0.002617755015328359, 0.25597674152656885, 0.02839806341053395, 0.07174582498964299, -0.044313136425413444, 0.047428142902012284, 0.029947470957308674, -0.10313492898013066, 0.11671828583217739, 0.19963354123626303, 0.00605909912480732, 0.07565755171052525, -0.47644558558345174, -0.26291717246718954, 0.055279272153262005, 0.17765454187717164, 0.18101113794889467, -0.05647241006987274, -0.32690283509358514, 0.09281355480067013, -0.20433245373241019, -0.14066928854274952, -0.055143281999253405, -0.027551252639517607, -0.10348679527138056, -0.2616592439459218, 0.06801391229703185, 0.07516178983038689, 0.0009159513885218106, -0.1131348558041016, -0.05727116167519158, -0.09117310733293717, 0.016715630219223794, 0.14649041157916942, 0.06676696514281748, 0.1464274919204665, -0.17735250466019228, -0.14558517382600544, 0.3428858461099143, -0.1535253587566065, -0.26037100856349377, 0.2079576982938674, -0.12976903356402442, -0.08370277494861839, 0.05767386953942896, 0.15791789147207577, 0.20829522288195118, -0.11537334125873559, 0.19723926910285555, -0.04612078080267719, 0.1359385407799227, 0.10147356433961331, 0.06253130464314934, 0.3302297061466183, 0.15590432018899683, 0.029494175927457136, 0.1477055616423048, -0.09419545700532918, -0.11750831498942349, -0.3486003612869241, -0.14072810490929594, -0.10587575599509344, 0.09931616146075592, -0.13381063972624002, -0.188375376018413, 0.3911775809744101, 0.09842294336851226, 0.21884468307436097, -0.017643433523343438, 0.22354307460985826, 0.04471120758118171, 0.09193164878263232, 0.05820107532225633, 0.27498715908758425, 0.15336944440149525, 0.07811695701485824, -0.22400735815191705, -0.1260697091589525, 0.0785713041661663] |
709.1889 | Two-electron bound state formation in the t-J-U model for
exchange-coupled planes | An anisotropic t-J-U model Hamiltonian is used to model electron behaviour in
quasi-2d materials in the dilute limit, and as a highly simplified
representation of the weakly coupled CuO2 planes of the high-Tc cuprates we
model the very poor out-of-plane conductivity via the complete suppression of
interplanar hopping. However, we do include the very weak interplanar
superexchange, and are thus considering a model of exchange-coupled planes. For
an isotropic three-dimensional system in the dilute limit, we find that the
formation of two-particle bound states requires Jc/t ~ 5.9. Also, it is known
that Jc/t = 2 for a 2d square lattice. However, for our model of
exchange-coupled planes any infinitesimal interplanar exchange (Jc = 0) is
adequate to form bound states.
| cond-mat.str-el | an anisotropic tju model hamiltonian is used to model electron behaviour in quasi2d materials in the dilute limit and as a highly simplified representation of the weakly coupled cuo2 planes of the hightc cuprates we model the very poor outofplane conductivity via the complete suppression of interplanar hopping however we do include the very weak interplanar superexchange and are thus considering a model of exchangecoupled planes for an isotropic threedimensional system in the dilute limit we find that the formation of twoparticle bound states requires jct 59 also it is known that jct 2 for a 2d square lattice however for our model of exchangecoupled planes any infinitesimal interplanar exchange jc 0 is adequate to form bound states | [['an', 'anisotropic', 'tju', 'model', 'hamiltonian', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'model', 'electron', 'behaviour', 'in', 'quasi2d', 'materials', 'in', 'the', 'dilute', 'limit', 'and', 'as', 'a', 'highly', 'simplified', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'weakly', 'coupled', 'cuo2', 'planes', 'of', 'the', 'hightc', 'cuprates', 'we', 'model', 'the', 'very', 'poor', 'outofplane', 'conductivity', 'via', 'the', 'complete', 'suppression', 'of', 'interplanar', 'hopping', 'however', 'we', 'do', 'include', 'the', 'very', 'weak', 'interplanar', 'superexchange', 'and', 'are', 'thus', 'considering', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'exchangecoupled', 'planes', 'for', 'an', 'isotropic', 'threedimensional', 'system', 'in', 'the', 'dilute', 'limit', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'twoparticle', 'bound', 'states', 'requires', 'jct', '59', 'also', 'it', 'is', 'known', 'that', 'jct', '2', 'for', 'a', '2d', 'square', 'lattice', 'however', 'for', 'our', 'model', 'of', 'exchangecoupled', 'planes', 'any', 'infinitesimal', 'interplanar', 'exchange', 'jc', '0', 'is', 'adequate', 'to', 'form', 'bound', 'states']] | [-0.16904069473019848, 0.18249071443920079, 0.010544024691995928, 0.06435740733089051, -0.01933541964992123, -0.17351218299956014, 0.05006116639301812, 0.3704794349338291, -0.2408596354741919, -0.2523890750273525, -0.004620049869981042, -0.33191262177681014, -0.10826089722499, 0.17899390197086731, 0.05463596013516693, 0.01159165776334703, 0.009855749917224491, -0.03453026795010004, -0.08760619114184658, -0.24877593933873005, 0.2544311097116699, 0.03452255212903117, 0.322277986026227, 0.0810300726581649, 0.05011499081580442, 0.06328469936901672, 0.15850301552563906, 0.027893784223124385, -0.15224582703167008, 0.08190484295532076, 0.2376367804610123, -0.09875050446776262, 0.1485348916060086, -0.44350536068175306, -0.19698239344377386, 0.037222814293365165, 0.19441060456289452, 0.16926853709175424, -0.021305250904672796, -0.23136355775266382, 0.024305732500486833, -0.1681408509592352, -0.13793596028255584, -0.10479853867742596, -0.004525483676658596, -0.006050799288629096, -0.2890034477123833, 0.1464542957430733, 0.14162411904396585, 0.06492305332518546, -0.09631440854015744, -0.0922964799989378, -0.06703215555516782, 0.06546505154268342, 0.016795058660722197, 0.07046162491759002, 0.09180873426040477, -0.14572325534329322, -0.06539162032560729, 0.39467259295979296, -0.055661951302219244, -0.1867480949988052, 0.18160045579454656, -0.14285917645635998, -0.08932114651000475, 0.14305757602550467, 0.10533841515267742, 0.1018564184963352, -0.1585247304401029, 0.11835636206709196, -0.08306185222404489, 0.18135280567773823, -0.022242846326523666, 0.03868600538679225, 0.2175720628169444, 0.19888552556098518, 0.0698555797216151, 0.1279268819302068, -0.11373432046907433, -0.08245018363527765, -0.2320374518917021, -0.15274951377808574, -0.2205337934132855, 0.06577460861654352, -0.10455255106587745, -0.23302094153744185, 0.33961037834277535, 0.14964380868615867, 0.1970155161639707, -0.03496966657418189, 0.20660627327101716, 0.07918882266207898, 0.043620428220384706, 0.04786347630591589, 0.26122813925573257, 0.17653629832538004, 0.06134601724255136, -0.23029684885089302, 0.05639006461656131, 0.06093814537339544] |
709.189 | Freeness of Conic-Line Arrangements in $\mathbb P^2$ | Let ${\mathcal C}= \bigcup_{i=1}^n C_i \subseteq \mathbb{P}^2$ be a
collection of smooth rational plane curves. We prove that the addition-deletion
operation used in the study of hyperplane arrangements has an extension which
works for a large class of arrangements of smooth rational curves, giving an
inductive tool for understanding the freeness of the module $\Omega^1({\mathcal
C})$ of logarithmic differential forms with pole along ${\mathcal C}$. We also
show that the analog of Terao's conjecture (freeness of $\Omega^1({\mathcal
C})$ is combinatorially determined if ${\mathcal C}$ is a union of lines) is
false in this setting.
| math.AC math.CO | let mathcal c bigcup_i1n c_i subseteq mathbbp2 be a collection of smooth rational plane curves we prove that the additiondeletion operation used in the study of hyperplane arrangements has an extension which works for a large class of arrangements of smooth rational curves giving an inductive tool for understanding the freeness of the module omega1mathcal c of logarithmic differential forms with pole along mathcal c we also show that the analog of teraos conjecture freeness of omega1mathcal c is combinatorially determined if mathcal c is a union of lines is false in this setting | [['let', 'mathcal', 'c', 'bigcup_i1n', 'c_i', 'subseteq', 'mathbbp2', 'be', 'a', 'collection', 'of', 'smooth', 'rational', 'plane', 'curves', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'additiondeletion', 'operation', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'hyperplane', 'arrangements', 'has', 'an', 'extension', 'which', 'works', 'for', 'a', 'large', 'class', 'of', 'arrangements', 'of', 'smooth', 'rational', 'curves', 'giving', 'an', 'inductive', 'tool', 'for', 'understanding', 'the', 'freeness', 'of', 'the', 'module', 'omega1mathcal', 'c', 'of', 'logarithmic', 'differential', 'forms', 'with', 'pole', 'along', 'mathcal', 'c', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'analog', 'of', 'teraos', 'conjecture', 'freeness', 'of', 'omega1mathcal', 'c', 'is', 'combinatorially', 'determined', 'if', 'mathcal', 'c', 'is', 'a', 'union', 'of', 'lines', 'is', 'false', 'in', 'this', 'setting']] | [-0.2322120701732195, 0.023029871024608958, -0.05154490806972203, -0.006915738193682679, -0.0592693444113652, -0.1871038553679524, 0.012556128418035096, 0.3257754703796388, -0.3197339362181399, -0.17038465491698487, 0.057317529298851026, -0.24141352702407975, -0.1278176249065639, 0.23086552301664715, -0.15703853912924862, -0.025138678332871717, 0.02753046249120456, 0.03444334309365924, -0.04616419629335566, -0.2918633172976906, 0.36657784766335366, -0.05023087789911939, 0.2156072818957593, 0.08256855234503746, 0.08782654187804007, 0.037901989199504584, 0.02798081557367645, 0.013497112741511639, -0.1798891600067335, 0.14911067230201772, 0.31872244163051894, 0.17604901865074088, 0.18560071957662053, -0.30208822713314515, -0.10361902406008955, 0.22369969270126286, 0.14298809593057502, -0.024855096319578992, -0.003535912506302576, -0.19049835310358068, 0.12625492017959122, -0.11544816375586063, -0.2257513364817461, -0.042431576784862125, 0.1363779713764139, 0.0381015211662642, -0.2893484470070056, -0.07489931487520074, 0.12943298875799644, 0.17116025503238905, -0.004439798221700703, -0.0991925156938479, -0.09162976253656266, 0.02270498286689753, -0.04805418749532217, 0.10371192466497989, 0.08098805090918651, -0.06758128794203715, -0.12758075212933245, 0.3703605009080923, -0.07371016876245647, -0.19209203949677708, 0.10399697781742914, -0.16392818981093232, -0.1512411843539904, 0.1585441255516818, 0.10108112979113408, 0.19199000106132386, -0.02532929621077568, 0.22214333335464093, -0.16971947633377885, 0.07806927416696334, 0.1037022454927311, -0.04338141544165252, 0.15764096295638214, 0.06349674750463632, 0.0761668639151258, 0.16243574742427724, -0.009212970195221715, 0.015191512313954856, -0.39625702235523774, -0.23002110657525127, -0.11322754376147792, 0.12735591488940964, -0.10711156711508722, -0.1925849845106511, 0.35749350850591843, 0.02305633755421023, 0.22708791067682044, 0.10588824925339989, 0.20596031424761546, 0.07695066160142786, 0.04994345939358818, 0.057962604449130595, 0.10623260544936942, 0.17744214940087302, -0.02666948315606493, -0.1463593009874508, 0.06157776619732866, 0.1789735171984395] |
709.1891 | Wind and boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection. Part 2: boundary
layer character and scaling | The effect of the wind of Rayleigh-Benard convection on the boundary layers
is studied by direct numerical simulation of an L/H=4 aspect-ratio domain with
periodic side boundary conditions for Ra={10^5, 10^6, 10^7} and Pr=1. It is
shown that the kinetic boundary layers on the top- and bottom plate have some
features of both laminar and turbulent boundary layers. A continuous spectrum,
as well as significant forcing due to Reynolds stresses indicates undoubtedly a
turbulent character, whereas the classical integral boundary layer parameters
-- the shape factor and friction factor (the latter is shown to be dominated by
the pressure gradient) -- scale with Reynolds number more akin to laminar
boundary layers. This apparent dual behavior is caused by the large influence
of plumes impinging onto and detaching from the boundary layer. The
plume-generated Reynolds stresses have a negligible effect on the friction
factor at the Rayleigh numbers we consider, which indicates that they are
passive with respect to momentum transfer in the wall-parallel direction.
However, the effect of Reynolds stresses cannot be neglected for the thickness
of the kinetic boundary layer. Using a conceptual wind model, we find that the
friction factor C_f should scale proportional to the thermal boundary layer
thickness as C_f ~ lambda_Theta, while the kinetic boundary layer thickness
lambda_u scales inversely proportional to the thermal boundary layer thickness
and wind Reynolds number lambda_u ~ lambda_Theta^{-1} Re^{-1}. The predicted
trends for C_f and \lambda_u are in agreement with DNS results.
| physics.flu-dyn | the effect of the wind of rayleighbenard convection on the boundary layers is studied by direct numerical simulation of an lh4 aspectratio domain with periodic side boundary conditions for ra105 106 107 and pr1 it is shown that the kinetic boundary layers on the top and bottom plate have some features of both laminar and turbulent boundary layers a continuous spectrum as well as significant forcing due to reynolds stresses indicates undoubtedly a turbulent character whereas the classical integral boundary layer parameters the shape factor and friction factor the latter is shown to be dominated by the pressure gradient scale with reynolds number more akin to laminar boundary layers this apparent dual behavior is caused by the large influence of plumes impinging onto and detaching from the boundary layer the plumegenerated reynolds stresses have a negligible effect on the friction factor at the rayleigh numbers we consider which indicates that they are passive with respect to momentum transfer in the wallparallel direction however the effect of reynolds stresses cannot be neglected for the thickness of the kinetic boundary layer using a conceptual wind model we find that the friction factor c_f should scale proportional to the thermal boundary layer thickness as c_f lambda_theta while the kinetic boundary layer thickness lambda_u scales inversely proportional to the thermal boundary layer thickness and wind reynolds number lambda_u lambda_theta1 re1 the predicted trends for c_f and lambda_u are in agreement with dns results | [['the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'wind', 'of', 'rayleighbenard', 'convection', 'on', 'the', 'boundary', 'layers', 'is', 'studied', 'by', 'direct', 'numerical', 'simulation', 'of', 'an', 'lh4', 'aspectratio', 'domain', 'with', 'periodic', 'side', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'for', 'ra105', '106', '107', 'and', 'pr1', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'kinetic', 'boundary', 'layers', 'on', 'the', 'top', 'and', 'bottom', 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0.07835411028620803] |
709.1892 | Records Theory | In quantum gravity, one seeks to combine quantum mechanics and general
relativity. In such attempts, one comes across the `problem of time' impasse:
the notion of time is conceptually different in each of these theories. In this
paper, I consider the timeless records approach toward resolving this. Records
are localized, information-containing subconfigurations of a single instant.
Records theory is the study of these and of how science (or history) is to be
abstracted from correlations between them. I critically evaluate motivations
for this approach that have previously appeared in the literature. I provide a
ground-level structure for records theory and discuss what kind of further
tools are needed, illustrated with some toy models: ordinary mechanics,
relatonal particle dynamics, detector models and inhomogeneous perturbations
about homogeneous cosmology.
| gr-qc | in quantum gravity one seeks to combine quantum mechanics and general relativity in such attempts one comes across the problem of time impasse the notion of time is conceptually different in each of these theories in this paper i consider the timeless records approach toward resolving this records are localized informationcontaining subconfigurations of a single instant records theory is the study of these and of how science or history is to be abstracted from correlations between them i critically evaluate motivations for this approach that have previously appeared in the literature i provide a groundlevel structure for records theory and discuss what kind of further tools are needed illustrated with some toy models ordinary mechanics relatonal particle dynamics detector models and inhomogeneous perturbations about homogeneous cosmology | [['in', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'one', 'seeks', 'to', 'combine', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'general', 'relativity', 'in', 'such', 'attempts', 'one', 'comes', 'across', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'time', 'impasse', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'time', 'is', 'conceptually', 'different', 'in', 'each', 'of', 'these', 'theories', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'i', 'consider', 'the', 'timeless', 'records', 'approach', 'toward', 'resolving', 'this', 'records', 'are', 'localized', 'informationcontaining', 'subconfigurations', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'instant', 'records', 'theory', 'is', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'these', 'and', 'of', 'how', 'science', 'or', 'history', 'is', 'to', 'be', 'abstracted', 'from', 'correlations', 'between', 'them', 'i', 'critically', 'evaluate', 'motivations', 'for', 'this', 'approach', 'that', 'have', 'previously', 'appeared', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'i', 'provide', 'a', 'groundlevel', 'structure', 'for', 'records', 'theory', 'and', 'discuss', 'what', 'kind', 'of', 'further', 'tools', 'are', 'needed', 'illustrated', 'with', 'some', 'toy', 'models', 'ordinary', 'mechanics', 'relatonal', 'particle', 'dynamics', 'detector', 'models', 'and', 'inhomogeneous', 'perturbations', 'about', 'homogeneous', 'cosmology']] | [-0.0819537338853303, 0.1206519604630528, -0.12460591786751343, 0.10293471658482187, -0.06846538528559669, -0.17147823453189864, -0.007635633428318186, 0.33836256000288434, -0.28541783741750426, -0.32406207132003, 0.08025031144666907, -0.3008727983556568, -0.16969487150274817, 0.1519125264500373, -0.08598853922974799, 0.01823920511355203, 0.04754930040273335, 0.047740632835484575, -0.04749146640308261, -0.24736016242194078, 0.32741641491321066, 0.057456919328204445, 0.25186367147797417, -0.0014612353970146468, 0.07095861668893767, -0.027575814724719573, -0.07709783786577323, 0.04167076222778809, -0.13117156046351855, 0.13262971258072573, 0.30189178630468133, 0.21172321736512165, 0.3010353996106724, -0.48396735060058776, -0.23228359450736352, 0.050871530172204776, 0.08927520076113363, 0.1683516772839451, -0.019181117535598816, -0.2743401834891448, 0.03417649699352501, -0.15986293239609128, -0.13435460165924124, -0.03712997803344361, 0.019499063649545272, -0.03521483890043812, -0.1665956461412509, 0.07909722922317262, 0.031172446861502626, 0.0596952692966067, -0.03831440633943965, -0.07603537895709216, 0.0636829485001433, 0.1436311938826205, 0.06454354478515714, -0.02041626828835316, 0.08887434255091413, -0.13795724295537623, -0.16866289142278895, 0.41536584912589, -0.010194438517153744, -0.17004303203054494, 0.18244233569355622, -0.13348006782302213, -0.18036610689840368, 0.04742530983076581, 0.15192673726367853, 0.11667829874767771, -0.1801385635560784, 0.09310004599354861, -0.02721819844878008, 0.1300308799986998, 0.035493290990651134, 0.054122878079426534, 0.2512167328668217, 0.15348505357471895, 0.009025218061006238, 0.10547255414008584, -0.03888486584318959, -0.16274174999806187, -0.33040912658907473, -0.1647648778913032, -0.1238667057252549, 0.07282781895933553, -0.05085219978120163, -0.14658907714727964, 0.40599338842495797, 0.2304927650463557, 0.148742520712286, 0.012169032464425395, 0.27850163474138223, 0.08040548815962768, 0.008847325739841308, 0.02601722910654761, 0.21335023649589857, 0.11380588921958641, 0.12140006457658244, -0.15404969663171458, 0.04656565439091214, 0.04528392454789531] |
709.1893 | International Linear Collider Reference Design Report Volume 2: PHYSICS
AT THE ILC | This article reviews the physics case for the ILC. Baseline running at 500
GeV as well as possible upgrades and options are discussed. The opportunities
on Standard Model physics, Higgs physics, Supersymmetry and alternative
theories beyond the Standard Model are described.
| hep-ph | this article reviews the physics case for the ilc baseline running at 500 gev as well as possible upgrades and options are discussed the opportunities on standard model physics higgs physics supersymmetry and alternative theories beyond the standard model are described | [['this', 'article', 'reviews', 'the', 'physics', 'case', 'for', 'the', 'ilc', 'baseline', 'running', 'at', '500', 'gev', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'possible', 'upgrades', 'and', 'options', 'are', 'discussed', 'the', 'opportunities', 'on', 'standard', 'model', 'physics', 'higgs', 'physics', 'supersymmetry', 'and', 'alternative', 'theories', 'beyond', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'are', 'described']] | [0.01591893213960092, 0.15980055542072144, 0.007153231724415247, 0.22579984742546136, -0.10426276440664035, -0.22965468145997786, -0.02521570399403572, 0.332612560653105, -0.25209226267321444, -0.364312049455759, 0.1326648170900781, -0.30230887520422295, -0.055985327991770535, 0.23192779352979326, 0.04919910630801829, 0.09025834514418753, 0.0427595007392328, -0.019599539386789974, -0.06420821860211151, -0.27470008633667375, 0.17961110831692634, 0.16535949284528814, 0.2312290781154865, 0.10386751785238342, 0.06577038812655502, 0.005189947511364774, -0.03864997507231992, -0.08220767145749272, -0.13788160445486627, 0.05275421434013945, 0.26663944543134876, 0.12624804421381958, 0.18161712477846845, -0.3662540887187167, -0.20157933684929116, 0.06431435137701777, 0.08618549055351717, 0.06396362712470496, -0.06190435147401309, -0.3013838480692357, 1.4083391827781025e-05, -0.2827230357542271, -0.1775762222979854, -0.06350594235402418, -0.06801312805221575, -0.07954469368588633, -0.24165541335667778, 0.039249016926056, -0.01514488587826036, 0.06552316639118078, 0.04864626507297522, -0.25508178277622634, 0.060835504092321524, -0.021250599495521407, 0.14785611625368958, 0.020513956276018444, 0.16537155210971832, -0.20257136506516848, -0.26546489320150235, 0.4696613675573977, -0.0897317640937683, -0.13447548932305015, 0.2568108559040943, -0.10878418558617918, -0.1284418394334796, -0.015185332607205322, 0.197778844092859, 0.037066121721958244, -0.17642865416298553, 0.23399960683256235, 0.005212711942632024, 0.09367193504259354, 0.03436472205581462, 0.06818663824077059, 0.29584787899582854, 0.3075639535559387, 0.03547275870493272, 0.037985335581186344, -0.04908395490450103, -0.15567011829244154, -0.5069173000207762, -0.08412571982821314, -0.02413553760455149, -0.004414438968524337, 0.0011210167764901843, -0.03336010748384202, 0.45897063049601344, 0.18705385605373034, 0.1298612204448479, 0.030911245269746316, 0.30074098760761864, 0.024763995594140595, 0.07415537113641821, -0.0015440382653983628, 0.30440279703712225, 0.0392876628604604, 0.1921023638441977, -0.08151028455212349, -0.01683166246043473, 0.045388856760748636] |
709.1894 | Direct mechanical mixing in a nanoelectromechanical diode | We observe direct mechanical mixing in nanoelectromechanical transistors
fabricated in semiconductor materials operating in the radio frequency band of
10-1000 MHz. The device is made of a mechanically flexible pillar with a length
of 240 nm and a diameter of 50 nm, placed between two electrodes in an
impedance matched coplanar wave guide. We find a non-linear IV-characteristic,
which enables radio frequency mixing of two electromagnetic signals via the
nanomechanical transistor. Potential applications for this mixer are
ultrasensitive displacement detection or signal processing in communication
electronic circuits requiring high-throughput insulation.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we observe direct mechanical mixing in nanoelectromechanical transistors fabricated in semiconductor materials operating in the radio frequency band of 101000 mhz the device is made of a mechanically flexible pillar with a length of 240 nm and a diameter of 50 nm placed between two electrodes in an impedance matched coplanar wave guide we find a nonlinear ivcharacteristic which enables radio frequency mixing of two electromagnetic signals via the nanomechanical transistor potential applications for this mixer are ultrasensitive displacement detection or signal processing in communication electronic circuits requiring highthroughput insulation | [['we', 'observe', 'direct', 'mechanical', 'mixing', 'in', 'nanoelectromechanical', 'transistors', 'fabricated', 'in', 'semiconductor', 'materials', 'operating', 'in', 'the', 'radio', 'frequency', 'band', 'of', '101000', 'mhz', 'the', 'device', 'is', 'made', 'of', 'a', 'mechanically', 'flexible', 'pillar', 'with', 'a', 'length', 'of', '240', 'nm', 'and', 'a', 'diameter', 'of', '50', 'nm', 'placed', 'between', 'two', 'electrodes', 'in', 'an', 'impedance', 'matched', 'coplanar', 'wave', 'guide', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'ivcharacteristic', 'which', 'enables', 'radio', 'frequency', 'mixing', 'of', 'two', 'electromagnetic', 'signals', 'via', 'the', 'nanomechanical', 'transistor', 'potential', 'applications', 'for', 'this', 'mixer', 'are', 'ultrasensitive', 'displacement', 'detection', 'or', 'signal', 'processing', 'in', 'communication', 'electronic', 'circuits', 'requiring', 'highthroughput', 'insulation']] | [-0.23712887104807628, 0.17174786043291937, 0.03210617296604647, -0.10780850648621304, -0.06629582561759485, -0.22745686493387135, 0.05793590290316691, 0.48957602832880287, -0.23178820573310885, -0.3027732325717807, 0.026685462413620877, -0.25149322541223634, -0.12526422519909425, 0.2859357168768636, 0.017065413187568386, 0.0840250100992206, 0.030877056029728716, -0.07883327435702085, -0.0177025882475492, -0.04212262766021821, 0.14394080009725357, 0.05904227267536852, 0.3485521933115605, 0.04631295620153348, 0.1091302998105271, -0.04578947394361926, 0.0724882953075899, -0.061228858814057374, -0.09827575418684217, 0.08502349171063138, 0.33039215385086007, -0.03255696884201219, 0.25180914141237737, -0.5106957885850635, -0.19510086683245997, 0.01051027465922137, 0.09741990579706099, 0.09143469283848794, -0.07904050209973422, -0.2615804218273196, 0.07464459081076913, -0.1611426245343561, -0.0766819671779457, 0.056647554531486496, -0.0034068031831540994, 0.024729604708651702, -0.2444869037821061, 0.020497026284121804, -0.01610719452922543, 0.09400385906919836, -0.016045403092478712, -0.08869636228256342, 0.0232647146201796, 0.06248565074315088, -0.11289543319338312, -0.02547704081258012, 0.2868904644364698, -0.10549393348369954, -0.13715665879038472, 0.34208222015036477, -0.07151230734048618, -0.12970454620404376, 0.18273341383384023, -0.1336327710473496, -0.009353878147279223, 0.16173283844901662, 0.17130170171149076, 0.04592105551944567, -0.19553557334002108, 0.02692918871050804, 0.08977793936840801, 0.26002589466257225, 0.18692651730444695, 0.1418646060499466, 0.2762882203484575, 0.2779454524732298, 0.05465919577206175, 0.173187581418703, -0.17311951702253686, 0.0655944027317067, -0.21684879915361913, -0.15963033045797298, -0.20896656958438042, 0.12381179486967286, -0.08447077838484095, -0.21381492836193905, 0.41188015861229765, 0.1341361045320001, 0.09881690643572559, -0.005085678595221705, 0.34391290803646873, 0.05928404837743276, 0.1447081432884766, -0.024509679034559265, 0.33160735151420034, 0.2211689109564759, 0.13807654356997873, -0.21599673017497278, -0.04179972479533818, -0.10702266906672675] |
709.1895 | Broadband X-ray spectrum of the newly discovered broad line radio galaxy
IGR J21247+5058 | In this paper we present radio and high energy observations of the INTEGRAL
source IGR J21247+5058, a broad line emitting galaxy obscured by the Galactic
plane. Archival VLA radio data indicate that IGR J21247+5058 can be classified
as an FRII Broad Line Radio Galaxy. The spectrum between 610 MHz and 15 GHz is
typical of synchrotron self-absorbed radiation with a peak at 8 GHz and a low
energy turnover; the core fraction is 0.1 suggestive of a moderate Doppler
boosting of the base of the jet. The high energy broad-band spectrum was
obtained by combining XMM-Newton and Swift/XRT observation with INTEGRAL/IBIS
data. The 0.4-100 keV spectrum is well described by a power law, with slope
$\Gamma$=1.5, characterised by complex absorption due to two layers of material
partially covering the source and a high energy cut-off around 70-80 keV.
Features such as a narrow iron line and a Compton reflection component, if
present, are weak, suggesting that reprocessing of the power law photons in the
accretion disk plays a negligible role in the source.
| astro-ph | in this paper we present radio and high energy observations of the integral source igr j212475058 a broad line emitting galaxy obscured by the galactic plane archival vla radio data indicate that igr j212475058 can be classified as an frii broad line radio galaxy the spectrum between 610 mhz and 15 ghz is typical of synchrotron selfabsorbed radiation with a peak at 8 ghz and a low energy turnover the core fraction is 01 suggestive of a moderate doppler boosting of the base of the jet the high energy broadband spectrum was obtained by combining xmmnewton and swiftxrt observation with integralibis data the 04100 kev spectrum is well described by a power law with slope gamma15 characterised by complex absorption due to two layers of material partially covering the source and a high energy cutoff around 7080 kev features such as a narrow iron line and a compton reflection component if present are weak suggesting that reprocessing of the power law photons in the accretion disk plays a negligible role in the source | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'radio', 'and', 'high', 'energy', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'integral', 'source', 'igr', 'j212475058', 'a', 'broad', 'line', 'emitting', 'galaxy', 'obscured', 'by', 'the', 'galactic', 'plane', 'archival', 'vla', 'radio', 'data', 'indicate', 'that', 'igr', 'j212475058', 'can', 'be', 'classified', 'as', 'an', 'frii', 'broad', 'line', 'radio', 'galaxy', 'the', 'spectrum', 'between', '610', 'mhz', 'and', '15', 'ghz', 'is', 'typical', 'of', 'synchrotron', 'selfabsorbed', 'radiation', 'with', 'a', 'peak', 'at', '8', 'ghz', 'and', 'a', 'low', 'energy', 'turnover', 'the', 'core', 'fraction', 'is', '01', 'suggestive', 'of', 'a', 'moderate', 'doppler', 'boosting', 'of', 'the', 'base', 'of', 'the', 'jet', 'the', 'high', 'energy', 'broadband', 'spectrum', 'was', 'obtained', 'by', 'combining', 'xmmnewton', 'and', 'swiftxrt', 'observation', 'with', 'integralibis', 'data', 'the', '04100', 'kev', 'spectrum', 'is', 'well', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'with', 'slope', 'gamma15', 'characterised', 'by', 'complex', 'absorption', 'due', 'to', 'two', 'layers', 'of', 'material', 'partially', 'covering', 'the', 'source', 'and', 'a', 'high', 'energy', 'cutoff', 'around', '7080', 'kev', 'features', 'such', 'as', 'a', 'narrow', 'iron', 'line', 'and', 'a', 'compton', 'reflection', 'component', 'if', 'present', 'are', 'weak', 'suggesting', 'that', 'reprocessing', 'of', 'the', 'power', 'law', 'photons', 'in', 'the', 'accretion', 'disk', 'plays', 'a', 'negligible', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'source']] | [-0.09420182855053646, 0.12007007682438986, -0.03240575903906808, 0.07381249518591192, -0.11992161031894125, -0.12300402313138614, 0.0628276267613159, 0.4780308335409527, -0.19160935280528682, -0.36157807643145423, 0.08797438903807046, -0.31363547527454577, 0.03387144978337905, 0.21553057408210827, 0.011404179170052384, -0.04057573125294644, 0.02815410444834297, -0.13377831690285724, 0.009469014109362173, -0.10986868733518391, 0.292440738871405, 0.17219348186191324, 0.22078780577196713, 0.04527858824180494, 0.09966879042698756, -0.0639306376007391, -0.06990786926406953, -0.03254969487898052, -0.027216128181623247, 0.05506783789050989, 0.29804807802259226, 0.07929085362947692, 0.20043843734072664, -0.29895068964531524, -0.2582425974610354, 0.04553555400411691, 0.1501305799748155, -0.05175752934525933, -0.027096652351619337, -0.24181446564868528, 0.06430048337587488, -0.24690827159810136, -0.1797002101131873, 0.09805724562325499, 0.009056766002782081, 0.04517595135002283, -0.1814762507619783, 0.1401478540539001, 0.02087909061725834, 0.10404377915877414, -0.14948711636318276, -0.04665192000960049, -0.022197865133516882, 0.02637653954038451, 0.021290551839744924, 0.06119953462995632, 0.17520718182551495, -0.12386312262509425, -0.06504484624683596, 0.3821860201008705, -0.07784919042891839, 0.05077417746828924, 0.16445670541367707, -0.20295835674566093, -0.18212526607223684, 0.2573991832187214, 0.11427901440476372, 0.0696436139011697, -0.09444318725645803, 0.026883657728480136, -0.03893736092651492, 0.2859860303081921, 0.042832693142260896, 0.06140571215876912, 0.30836702661577897, 0.07487835364187495, 0.020819412974629834, 0.17591555763447211, -0.26688730558761725, 0.04362968400621798, -0.26809523369278215, -0.04201956045553796, -0.16995485116964565, 0.1380842571999137, -0.1356177531090519, -0.10767296168201587, 0.38626037448187145, 0.0028607351405883744, 0.24506147408433127, 0.027728155500402574, 0.34452450027068454, 0.16964142864681672, 0.06014043074618611, 0.1595047390238128, 0.3192750283064898, 0.15454313699843644, 0.16503017849618384, -0.1950449327780315, 0.008568490061593072, -0.05400319383016717] |
709.1896 | Radio-Frequency Rectification on Membrane Bound Pores | We present measurements on direct radio-frequency pumping of ion channels and
pores bound in bilipid membranes. We make use of newly developed microcoaxes,
which allow delivering the high frequency signal in close proximity to the
membrane bound proteins and ion channels. We find rectification of the
radio-frequency signal, which is used to pump ions through the channels and
pores.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.soft | we present measurements on direct radiofrequency pumping of ion channels and pores bound in bilipid membranes we make use of newly developed microcoaxes which allow delivering the high frequency signal in close proximity to the membrane bound proteins and ion channels we find rectification of the radiofrequency signal which is used to pump ions through the channels and pores | [['we', 'present', 'measurements', 'on', 'direct', 'radiofrequency', 'pumping', 'of', 'ion', 'channels', 'and', 'pores', 'bound', 'in', 'bilipid', 'membranes', 'we', 'make', 'use', 'of', 'newly', 'developed', 'microcoaxes', 'which', 'allow', 'delivering', 'the', 'high', 'frequency', 'signal', 'in', 'close', 'proximity', 'to', 'the', 'membrane', 'bound', 'proteins', 'and', 'ion', 'channels', 'we', 'find', 'rectification', 'of', 'the', 'radiofrequency', 'signal', 'which', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'pump', 'ions', 'through', 'the', 'channels', 'and', 'pores']] | [-0.1476392293156221, 0.17706158129369903, -0.000980214577103997, -0.020860981025556422, -0.0036635651285278387, -0.2025760554804884, 0.09582920601703869, 0.4344176009040454, -0.22455405826070185, -0.27416010876989055, 0.026755513689593124, -0.2715969417115738, -0.08454110431645451, 0.19520957266976094, -0.007812739911906678, 0.07298431474342139, 0.06032346067789557, -0.021962006757003737, 0.04919953035704534, -0.11957484491747515, 0.21813640488986055, 0.12690241472667146, 0.30931178070925947, 0.15337113910836392, 0.10480879457539012, -0.01692223359413188, 0.025084712895853765, -0.05707785837223817, -0.18224404755465942, 0.11465352540835738, 0.2699258985190556, 0.02293231215424322, 0.15662038743752857, -0.5255236890536316, -0.23054350472601323, 0.07252417123426907, 0.17261215790319417, 0.1865814042173262, -0.09908538550371304, -0.2663892985417925, 0.05773474746544299, -0.13628765542445512, -0.02109636886623399, -0.031042950131512922, -0.016727932913485784, 0.0911275287929537, -0.302913147121154, 0.08865115076207139, 0.0195898401755679, 0.05388670033325666, -0.062218460800318884, -0.10811425305517583, 0.03536754592867761, 0.11059316915684733, -0.003347603158607822, -0.03606843622401357, 0.25920281341652673, -0.08909962751806297, -0.07243533162721272, 0.3008298268220548, -0.1044536147724259, -0.1634782744764254, 0.213255670226725, -0.18984541757803025, -0.023133498761032163, 0.1622724607265715, 0.21007452876274957, 0.09602509066462517, -0.1665777764664481, -0.03563104676993981, 0.028699360884212214, 0.1992821643026877, 0.13978403675016657, 0.09679253844961781, 0.2113840514793992, 0.1573488877058543, 0.07595324747521302, 0.1987684457808741, -0.16563328658632034, 0.008448195322577295, -0.21456226985901594, -0.16863045015508824, -0.16180195338253317, -0.01084286131863964, 0.012420747700350053, -0.12512252046646358, 0.37989284526877876, 0.15075962202109652, 0.1558993785995348, -0.040725167435272755, 0.3076071436235938, 0.07601765168886952, 0.09956829949956515, 0.04298985880349988, 0.27932930519354754, 0.23514925993593602, 0.11802474606846428, -0.25249883363119746, 0.007873219036465061, -0.019981725012947774] |
709.1897 | Energy Optimal Control for Quantum System Evolving on SU(1,1) | This paper discusses the energy optimal control problem for the class of
quantum systems that possess dynamical symmetry of SU(1,1), which are widely
studied in various physical problems in the quantum theory. Based on the
maximum principle on Lie group, the complete set of optimal controls are
analytically obtained, including both normal and abnormal extremals. The
results indicate that the normal extremal controls can be expressed by the
Weierstrass elliptic function, while the abnormal extremal controls can only be
constant functions of time t.
| math.OC math.DS | this paper discusses the energy optimal control problem for the class of quantum systems that possess dynamical symmetry of su11 which are widely studied in various physical problems in the quantum theory based on the maximum principle on lie group the complete set of optimal controls are analytically obtained including both normal and abnormal extremals the results indicate that the normal extremal controls can be expressed by the weierstrass elliptic function while the abnormal extremal controls can only be constant functions of time t | [['this', 'paper', 'discusses', 'the', 'energy', 'optimal', 'control', 'problem', 'for', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'quantum', 'systems', 'that', 'possess', 'dynamical', 'symmetry', 'of', 'su11', 'which', 'are', 'widely', 'studied', 'in', 'various', 'physical', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'quantum', 'theory', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'maximum', 'principle', 'on', 'lie', 'group', 'the', 'complete', 'set', 'of', 'optimal', 'controls', 'are', 'analytically', 'obtained', 'including', 'both', 'normal', 'and', 'abnormal', 'extremals', 'the', 'results', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'normal', 'extremal', 'controls', 'can', 'be', 'expressed', 'by', 'the', 'weierstrass', 'elliptic', 'function', 'while', 'the', 'abnormal', 'extremal', 'controls', 'can', 'only', 'be', 'constant', 'functions', 'of', 'time', 't']] | [-0.14132705437839918, 0.1193583261587524, -0.071069544814236, 0.08999084616828311, -0.0731917639440369, -0.1310270790501298, 0.026921127867397098, 0.33387715278548147, -0.29716164576599285, -0.2829081263459687, 0.15693586478785923, -0.234664917911037, -0.17472640197679756, 0.25825229264973176, -0.0765777964898873, 0.12324067508147675, 0.013346471452331614, 0.1027014316059649, -0.10246597131204215, -0.23441106888293733, 0.35248307830521036, -0.05102842553086313, 0.30659947064261706, 0.03360736890629466, 0.11338927740940735, 0.024220076536515818, 0.02441366238053888, 0.03243446500328857, -0.1354532771602819, 0.10523488718899898, 0.30558119440406917, 0.09059090499899217, 0.24090422438235864, -0.40188551663110655, -0.209451702312522, 0.128343054475928, 0.12424075349173065, 0.06450958665421543, -0.01305951732155379, -0.2524824334042413, 0.1206228484931801, -0.09578523646286201, -0.15580327776704161, -0.07138893215285082, -0.018493488381084586, 0.06011629776150498, -0.24407984362915158, 0.12620488044229292, 0.0393858048604064, 0.045554818613232954, -0.09006956946991738, -0.09738962813502267, -0.04414942431391128, 0.1185891520220875, 0.031218483347098907, -0.01240829995367676, 0.1380232879205973, -0.10535550977025802, -0.15014628093645332, 0.3502471993477749, -0.01860915499578585, -0.21689034169096322, 0.11564239382000994, -0.14204305485223553, -0.11282455553633294, 0.0898890987903412, 0.1739566258066112, 0.18518159475864931, -0.16597053278902812, 0.13914707446002422, -0.06336365831417165, 0.10200623726649653, 0.06452270101622812, 0.04011777297238864, 0.15335212356322223, 0.088121916932453, 0.08876878869098921, 0.12391500558061082, 0.007488701326240387, -0.1459785027961646, -0.3614417858909638, -0.14435892506679965, -0.16194763433720386, 0.0606957910183285, -0.1245552349966948, -0.15985832143286688, 0.41565504623577, 0.08425972706754692, 0.1577263245403412, 0.033201714050457146, 0.18128581067901992, 0.1886119408676071, 0.034104970907459835, 0.08811209606938064, 0.2585189116763927, 0.10876976973044553, 0.02075784788411554, -0.27448490855749696, 0.08407963992517796, 0.09242290406975717] |
709.1898 | Spectra, triple and quartic gauge couplings in a Higgsless model | Spectra, triple and quartic gauge couplings of the Higgsless model with gauge
group $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$ defined in warped space are
explored with numerical method. We extend the equation of motions, boundary
conditions and formalism of multi-gauge-boson vertices to the Hirn-Sanz
scenario. By assuming the ideally delocalized fermion profile, we study the
spectra of vector bosons as well as the triple and quartic gauge couplings
among vector bosons. It is found that mass spectra can be greatly modified by
the parameters of QCD power corrections. Meanwhile, the triple and quartic
gauge couplings can deviate from the values of the standard model to at least
$\pm 10%$ and can saturate the LEP2 bounds. We find the triple gauge couplings
of $Z{\bar W}W$ can be $ 50 %$ smaller than the unitarity bounds. While the
triple gauge couplings of ${\bar Z}WW$ is 20% smaller than the unitarity
bounds, which might challenge the detection of ${\bar Z}$ via s channel at LHC
if $m_{\bar Z}> 500$ GeV.
| hep-ph | spectra triple and quartic gauge couplings of the higgsless model with gauge group su2_ltimes su2_rtimes u1_bl defined in warped space are explored with numerical method we extend the equation of motions boundary conditions and formalism of multigaugeboson vertices to the hirnsanz scenario by assuming the ideally delocalized fermion profile we study the spectra of vector bosons as well as the triple and quartic gauge couplings among vector bosons it is found that mass spectra can be greatly modified by the parameters of qcd power corrections meanwhile the triple and quartic gauge couplings can deviate from the values of the standard model to at least pm 10 and can saturate the lep2 bounds we find the triple gauge couplings of zbar ww can be 50 smaller than the unitarity bounds while the triple gauge couplings of bar zww is 20 smaller than the unitarity bounds which might challenge the detection of bar z via s channel at lhc if m_bar z 500 gev | [['spectra', 'triple', 'and', 'quartic', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'of', 'the', 'higgsless', 'model', 'with', 'gauge', 'group', 'su2_ltimes', 'su2_rtimes', 'u1_bl', 'defined', 'in', 'warped', 'space', 'are', 'explored', 'with', 'numerical', 'method', 'we', 'extend', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'motions', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'and', 'formalism', 'of', 'multigaugeboson', 'vertices', 'to', 'the', 'hirnsanz', 'scenario', 'by', 'assuming', 'the', 'ideally', 'delocalized', 'fermion', 'profile', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'vector', 'bosons', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'triple', 'and', 'quartic', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'among', 'vector', 'bosons', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'mass', 'spectra', 'can', 'be', 'greatly', 'modified', 'by', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'qcd', 'power', 'corrections', 'meanwhile', 'the', 'triple', 'and', 'quartic', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'can', 'deviate', 'from', 'the', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'to', 'at', 'least', 'pm', '10', 'and', 'can', 'saturate', 'the', 'lep2', 'bounds', 'we', 'find', 'the', 'triple', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'of', 'zbar', 'ww', 'can', 'be', '50', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'unitarity', 'bounds', 'while', 'the', 'triple', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'of', 'bar', 'zww', 'is', '20', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'unitarity', 'bounds', 'which', 'might', 'challenge', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'bar', 'z', 'via', 's', 'channel', 'at', 'lhc', 'if', 'm_bar', 'z', '500', 'gev']] | [-0.13122493068512994, 0.25507402197108603, -0.03958374001958873, 0.09786371492809849, -0.08114531194587471, -0.21842570141307077, 0.024364511447492986, 0.3136460840847576, -0.20645180385618006, -0.3245992899523117, 0.033034475036402, -0.30896527598961254, -0.052504039884661326, 0.11543131241924129, 0.07357570834865328, 0.03951101377251689, 0.046931435236911054, 0.03279910334822489, -0.09403197538122185, -0.286059552594088, 0.28900013862439666, 0.03403170881210826, 0.18400209552492014, 0.08889989041199442, 0.04553279175197531, 0.0198181084881071, 0.017686289171979296, -0.08847118982539541, -0.1427920252392596, 0.04201792100211606, 0.15415428318083285, 0.029031047510216013, 0.0991024055343587, -0.3145758370636031, -0.12920386501791653, 0.15003656242624858, 0.18252372340357398, 0.06326369323724065, 0.020069020154187454, -0.33152198725147175, 0.11293237619975116, -0.19812843890977092, -0.13142626139961067, -0.05479757332650479, -0.056301421974785625, -0.10279372108379903, -0.3342366575379856, 0.10506885996874189, -0.034596850905654716, 0.044570226778887445, 0.00629989911976736, -0.1575246627427987, -0.14895199667516862, -0.013462109421379865, 0.11267997006798396, 0.04660099530447041, 0.15813629344920627, -0.181153178634122, -0.15022258498065638, 0.4359370845282683, -0.14881290663997787, -0.1873799738328671, 0.15895676044201537, -0.17424534146266524, -0.1426025063439738, 0.1387508231215179, 0.1657637858967064, 0.08316278776910621, -0.16733167667989618, 0.21940374246150895, -0.017017705455509714, 0.13306904957571533, 0.06311672715528402, 0.04785861050477251, 0.21355573516812001, 0.09068716370384208, 0.03754237883840687, 0.05005472486227518, -0.0650121379570919, -0.08701854530954733, -0.385855138907209, -0.09963931686345404, -0.08682748593855649, 0.07532834327430464, -0.15207397222065994, -0.058764185259497025, 0.3502962039929116, 0.12496840478270314, 0.2524861104044248, 0.06221384456221131, 0.23691238222527317, 0.1348797910948633, 0.16778112212195992, 0.042571428220253435, 0.3117417368572205, 0.16865187518415042, 0.027536386989231686, -0.19997036304412177, -0.05346017282863613, 0.10951206200988964] |
709.1899 | Yang-Yang thermodynamics on an atom chip | We investigate the behavior of a weakly interacting nearly one-dimensional
(1D) trapped Bose gas at finite temperature. We perform in situ measurements of
spatial density profiles and show that they are very well described by a model
based on exact solutions obtained using the Yang-Yang thermodynamic formalism,
in a regime where other, approximate theoretical approaches fail. We use
Bose-gas focusing [Shvarchuck etal., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 270404 (2002)] to
probe the axial momentum distribution of the gas, and find good agreement with
the in situ results.
| cond-mat.other | we investigate the behavior of a weakly interacting nearly onedimensional 1d trapped bose gas at finite temperature we perform in situ measurements of spatial density profiles and show that they are very well described by a model based on exact solutions obtained using the yangyang thermodynamic formalism in a regime where other approximate theoretical approaches fail we use bosegas focusing shvarchuck etal phys rev lett 89 270404 2002 to probe the axial momentum distribution of the gas and find good agreement with the in situ results | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'a', 'weakly', 'interacting', 'nearly', 'onedimensional', '1d', 'trapped', 'bose', 'gas', 'at', 'finite', 'temperature', 'we', 'perform', 'in', 'situ', 'measurements', 'of', 'spatial', 'density', 'profiles', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'are', 'very', 'well', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'model', 'based', 'on', 'exact', 'solutions', 'obtained', 'using', 'the', 'yangyang', 'thermodynamic', 'formalism', 'in', 'a', 'regime', 'where', 'other', 'approximate', 'theoretical', 'approaches', 'fail', 'we', 'use', 'bosegas', 'focusing', 'shvarchuck', 'etal', 'phys', 'rev', 'lett', '89', '270404', '2002', 'to', 'probe', 'the', 'axial', 'momentum', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'gas', 'and', 'find', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'in', 'situ', 'results']] | [-0.07991481934524407, 0.11815189987620604, -0.07633607259153255, -0.001997282168650556, 0.02225270176062449, -0.13071526661847852, 0.05784190151219567, 0.3737735117541715, -0.12521822676561506, -0.3077890168032831, -0.0014356798035026128, -0.299979711816247, -0.10844109773391947, 0.1834380108103644, 0.0035311758748277845, 0.08322001338750679, 0.03837995314305382, -0.030123399692543205, -0.12049464831943624, -0.23523344176577493, 0.21504931177367412, 0.09330947016964533, 0.31647824183372514, 0.04236757362793599, 0.07658921736514285, 0.03247604631663611, -0.002290290087417123, 0.05972534155894425, -0.24183288030092495, 0.026438723207407054, 0.2077175272223983, 0.005760688064453591, 0.19147989506434118, -0.4779537688896415, -0.24325756275183744, 0.06757667747747508, 0.1466824919306895, 0.14173431736638858, -0.04003856493259913, -0.29395508972395745, -0.012134888644574121, -0.2075316746042864, -0.21049641379310438, -0.14320891442531275, 0.013359260473710796, 0.061380186337157194, -0.2818175398777904, 0.19447626952924543, 0.005707665104030942, 0.05568673996077407, -0.0668894270202145, -0.04693777432354788, -0.011391272754519292, 0.010060497229763618, -0.045663687213423794, 0.036641088153590406, 0.13807038438972086, -0.10663556860249844, -0.05124706754993115, 0.34553798012036296, -0.12642566622456625, -0.16171652014322935, 0.28068438173171933, -0.18020496027921104, -0.11785469934277769, 0.09022879431999865, 0.13049427234606506, 0.14931012940083055, -0.16065761950310498, 0.11068980665082304, -0.12648613080853552, 0.14175877973598072, 0.07479150081607736, 0.009153245077132374, 0.2378611095759663, 0.1295673629335527, -0.059862501930356735, 0.10465510100073602, -0.10205195757970657, -0.139717674997103, -0.24448119695409246, -0.1220684499806642, -0.2089466988219924, 0.03198529744432086, 0.018332203795060713, -0.13614005720730693, 0.3380502675815175, 0.16670811552155232, 0.2725051390228882, 0.021798180125188082, 0.2630363624387731, 0.12084975928328709, -0.05232433913763435, 0.15012598179635547, 0.2712471991600025, 0.17046767554434372, 0.09892089155203264, -0.2517769386260105, -0.02960335947517749, 0.04064741281659475] |
709.19 | Quantum Chaos and Regularity in Ultracold Fermi Gases | Quantum fluctuation of the energy is studied for an ultracold gas of
interacting fermions trapped in a three-dimensional potential. Periodic-orbit
theory is explored, and energy fluctuations are studied versus particle number
for generic regular and chaotic systems, as well for a system defined by a
harmonic confinement potential. Temperature effects on the energy fluctuations
are investigated.
| physics.atom-ph | quantum fluctuation of the energy is studied for an ultracold gas of interacting fermions trapped in a threedimensional potential periodicorbit theory is explored and energy fluctuations are studied versus particle number for generic regular and chaotic systems as well for a system defined by a harmonic confinement potential temperature effects on the energy fluctuations are investigated | [['quantum', 'fluctuation', 'of', 'the', 'energy', 'is', 'studied', 'for', 'an', 'ultracold', 'gas', 'of', 'interacting', 'fermions', 'trapped', 'in', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'potential', 'periodicorbit', 'theory', 'is', 'explored', 'and', 'energy', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'studied', 'versus', 'particle', 'number', 'for', 'generic', 'regular', 'and', 'chaotic', 'systems', 'as', 'well', 'for', 'a', 'system', 'defined', 'by', 'a', 'harmonic', 'confinement', 'potential', 'temperature', 'effects', 'on', 'the', 'energy', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'investigated']] | [-0.1914008041588074, 0.26746153243818427, -0.045178449721009074, 0.13990255982831254, 0.10125532342187528, -0.14657784852897748, -0.022922664704050737, 0.3039010754354032, -0.20749870960467628, -0.2678030524402857, 0.04450086569704581, -0.3042566291987896, -0.07933744886291347, 0.21588424870320264, 0.024057260662500215, 0.10038683887770665, -0.018106068717315793, 0.056351392617216334, -0.027270995924482122, -0.18381974919299995, 0.30980460926990155, 0.10556086250705578, 0.2573334235099277, 0.11365886343576546, 0.08109202564394634, 0.02550222200807184, 0.04692787863314152, 0.08460574899800122, -0.14922508407783294, 0.044374378863722086, 0.17458284471233906, -0.05335533656346213, 0.22910877155871795, -0.4229492552445403, -0.31721991969139446, 0.09824255576157677, 0.17044497957353347, 0.12146125045338911, -0.12239501839212608, -0.27252065536699127, -0.031073172859448408, -0.16941159228943953, -0.20926507709581138, -0.1254284390181835, 0.05201062036212534, 0.07489592047308438, -0.25597955506028874, 0.1260823770758829, 0.022014120437753654, 0.12698630133776792, -0.080351029106948, -0.060972337018548775, -0.051824241099114134, 0.047143502917606384, -0.031660929313927354, 0.013600200464549874, 0.1987053804498698, -0.15335488011727907, -0.08808449899827663, 0.4081714450647788, -0.07494435398257338, -0.20213672851345368, 0.21029047699578637, -0.10879010481793168, -0.05586879246402532, 0.10660345433279872, 0.16955404828435608, 0.07978299620195425, -0.17186174191634304, 0.1545557629828441, 0.011726691570532109, 0.11917770558128334, 0.04495185558750693, 0.0827622976087566, 0.3025516058052225, 0.1952368370257318, -0.0010636792285367846, 0.15168079720543964, -0.06364119536426317, -0.19524937994512065, -0.25303201929533053, -0.14892496587708592, -0.259054468445746, 0.016961718892811666, -0.016455869738690256, -0.17990552019494185, 0.40441422167766305, 0.06819165004084685, 0.16201826866849192, -0.022954709387184784, 0.270951084792614, 0.17152795039042498, 0.01039032164927838, 0.041881144720329236, 0.2572560452806231, 0.1719687671741537, 0.0955791347743278, -0.2522719315685598, -0.07784282385338363, 0.06259088605708842] |
709.1901 | The statistical significance of the N-S asymmetry of solar activity
revisited | The main aim of this study is to point out the difficulties found when trying
to assess the statistical significance of the North-South asymmetry (hereafter
SSNSA) of the most usually considered time series of solar activity. First of
all, we distinguish between solar activity time series composed by integer or
non-integer and dimensionless data, or composed by non-integer and dimensional
data. For each of these cases, we discuss the most suitable statistical tests
which can be applied and highlight the difficulties to obtain valid information
about the statistical significance of solar activity time series. Our results
suggest that, apart from the need to apply the suitable statistical tests,
other effects such as the data binning, the considered units and the need, in
some tests, to consider groups of data, affect substantially the determination
of the statistical significance of the asymmetry. Our main conclusion is that
the assessment of the statistical significance of the N-S asymmetry of solar
activity is a difficult matter and that an absolute answer cannot be given,
since many different effects influence the results given by the statistical
tests. In summary, the quantitative results about the statistical significance
of the N-S asymmetry of solar activity provided by different authors, as well
as the studies about its behaviour, must be considered with care because they
depend from the chosen values of different parameters or from the considered
units.
| astro-ph | the main aim of this study is to point out the difficulties found when trying to assess the statistical significance of the northsouth asymmetry hereafter ssnsa of the most usually considered time series of solar activity first of all we distinguish between solar activity time series composed by integer or noninteger and dimensionless data or composed by noninteger and dimensional data for each of these cases we discuss the most suitable statistical tests which can be applied and highlight the difficulties to obtain valid information about the statistical significance of solar activity time series our results suggest that apart from the need to apply the suitable statistical tests other effects such as the data binning the considered units and the need in some tests to consider groups of data affect substantially the determination of the statistical significance of the asymmetry our main conclusion is that the assessment of the statistical significance of the ns asymmetry of solar activity is a difficult matter and that an absolute answer cannot be given since many different effects influence the results given by the statistical tests in summary the quantitative results about the statistical significance of the ns asymmetry of solar activity provided by different authors as well as the studies about its behaviour must be considered with care because they depend from the chosen values of different parameters or from the considered units | [['the', 'main', 'aim', 'of', 'this', 'study', 'is', 'to', 'point', 'out', 'the', 'difficulties', 'found', 'when', 'trying', 'to', 'assess', 'the', 'statistical', 'significance', 'of', 'the', 'northsouth', 'asymmetry', 'hereafter', 'ssnsa', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'usually', 'considered', 'time', 'series', 'of', 'solar', 'activity', 'first', 'of', 'all', 'we', 'distinguish', 'between', 'solar', 'activity', 'time', 'series', 'composed', 'by', 'integer', 'or', 'noninteger', 'and', 'dimensionless', 'data', 'or', 'composed', 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709.1902 | Lattice QCD Beyond Ground States | In this work, we apply black box methods (methods not requiring input) to
find excited-state energies. A variety of such methods for lattice QCD were
introduced at the 3rd iteration of the numerical workshop series. We first
review a selection of approaches that have been used in lattice calculations to
determine multiple energy states: multiple correlator fits, the variational
method and Bayesian fitting. In the second half, we will focus on a black box
method, the multi-effective mass. We demonstrate the approach on anisotropic
lattice data, extracting multiple states from single correlators. Without
complicated operator construction or specialized fitting programs, the black
box method shows good consistency with the traditional approaches.
| hep-lat | in this work we apply black box methods methods not requiring input to find excitedstate energies a variety of such methods for lattice qcd were introduced at the 3rd iteration of the numerical workshop series we first review a selection of approaches that have been used in lattice calculations to determine multiple energy states multiple correlator fits the variational method and bayesian fitting in the second half we will focus on a black box method the multieffective mass we demonstrate the approach on anisotropic lattice data extracting multiple states from single correlators without complicated operator construction or specialized fitting programs the black box method shows good consistency with the traditional approaches | [['in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'apply', 'black', 'box', 'methods', 'methods', 'not', 'requiring', 'input', 'to', 'find', 'excitedstate', 'energies', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'such', 'methods', 'for', 'lattice', 'qcd', 'were', 'introduced', 'at', 'the', '3rd', 'iteration', 'of', 'the', 'numerical', 'workshop', 'series', 'we', 'first', 'review', 'a', 'selection', 'of', 'approaches', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'used', 'in', 'lattice', 'calculations', 'to', 'determine', 'multiple', 'energy', 'states', 'multiple', 'correlator', 'fits', 'the', 'variational', 'method', 'and', 'bayesian', 'fitting', 'in', 'the', 'second', 'half', 'we', 'will', 'focus', 'on', 'a', 'black', 'box', 'method', 'the', 'multieffective', 'mass', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'approach', 'on', 'anisotropic', 'lattice', 'data', 'extracting', 'multiple', 'states', 'from', 'single', 'correlators', 'without', 'complicated', 'operator', 'construction', 'or', 'specialized', 'fitting', 'programs', 'the', 'black', 'box', 'method', 'shows', 'good', 'consistency', 'with', 'the', 'traditional', 'approaches']] | [-0.052552763364193116, 0.0038039797155017202, -0.10002095697616989, 0.09474442725556649, -0.07763679238374938, -0.13433404409495944, 0.06376638590273533, 0.404545059368353, -0.19500748962587253, -0.3064573858229613, 0.09386290611635724, -0.2970803481950001, -0.0944575793300332, 0.20443220301107926, -0.005464222485368902, 0.1353972339748659, 0.12355620705903593, 0.009756051723591307, -0.1150594176322391, -0.2503497242017395, 0.3359183928548274, 0.028177635604515673, 0.29769330923022197, 0.04033057641830634, 0.0714819382188249, 0.0265015348686244, -0.06871093891307034, 0.019357544954188847, -0.1466599517357033, 0.132520694703668, 0.22002582075074315, 0.1111599817850881, 0.2772485450418158, -0.4237579407678409, -0.21342204214597588, 0.06568984259554947, 0.13970276781950486, 0.19912917967462404, -0.02228985158514909, -0.23397507367824966, 0.05114474187351086, -0.21001847354848657, -0.09506493897854605, -0.14879665579646825, -0.08364104350012812, -0.013210690851238641, -0.27531211637383834, 0.06623694667253982, 0.002944805059285665, 0.038577998287126485, -0.06115931819023734, -0.1612068360269239, 0.009355527531905947, 0.1029009850754929, 0.03093847647647966, 0.03877347540533678, 0.1091278810816055, -0.08810417653188449, -0.17811966403175822, 0.36397652509198947, -0.04400144854391163, -0.20049510065847162, 0.17567268859764393, -0.1438218910670416, -0.20496217544952577, 0.11644541710107163, 0.1829420517032056, 0.17054147232874212, -0.14177201701412825, 0.07782689190247435, 0.0035534994338046423, 0.182333536289463, 0.04850258088078011, -0.01834250806661492, 0.22769668278369037, 0.15487306412648072, -0.0009590657068077813, 0.13842016065662557, -0.10624831922944974, -0.10199416642161933, -0.2774406605035024, -0.09202063215224453, -0.2195103767814792, -0.005750728379379407, -0.07727148398659087, -0.189136788028885, 0.38232988092879, 0.16596926215147093, 0.19354421304200184, 0.04092358931348744, 0.3198022721779787, 0.10006426211383024, 0.10126663681267846, 0.0706612096676095, 0.22035004370422526, 0.07583780790975486, 0.11786542021754114, -0.21376496254789262, -0.03193007751198655, 0.13023776113986968] |
709.1903 | RHIC physics: short overview | This talk gives a very short overview of some of the important physical
phenomena observed at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The emphasis
is put on the multiplicities, hard probes and the properties of the initial
state.
| hep-ph | this talk gives a very short overview of some of the important physical phenomena observed at the relativistic heavy ion collider rhic the emphasis is put on the multiplicities hard probes and the properties of the initial state | [['this', 'talk', 'gives', 'a', 'very', 'short', 'overview', 'of', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'important', 'physical', 'phenomena', 'observed', 'at', 'the', 'relativistic', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collider', 'rhic', 'the', 'emphasis', 'is', 'put', 'on', 'the', 'multiplicities', 'hard', 'probes', 'and', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'initial', 'state']] | [-0.14054620873771215, 0.20826606952438229, -0.20573618239723146, 0.17846576254324695, -0.06503921698190664, -0.1633789485173398, -0.05426971354570828, 0.31034796287942873, -0.19805340272815605, -0.27662980232975987, 0.06669305533317751, -0.28223346222780255, 0.052075111993441454, 0.19468615156610644, 0.05135989211205589, 0.056353614837127294, 0.13984230391092992, 0.07008247788211233, -0.06743392054187625, -0.20628255507663676, 0.30708325007856874, 0.17372648280702138, 0.22717898459124722, 0.1893805930587022, 0.09903956216907031, 0.02537765380877413, -0.046103207566040125, -0.01398628058010026, -0.13213903660346804, 0.1349439742778869, 0.25099410293133634, 0.048885973917908575, 0.22194648548764617, -0.45001220276677295, -0.12753177622921372, 0.028820988526077645, 0.04006325728014896, 0.1233818014397433, -0.11102143193803433, -0.2256947989134412, -0.00467465074095679, -0.18606543575266474, -0.1989163682845078, 0.018257572707769117, 0.03820636826812437, 0.04424096289164338, -0.19202889144224555, 0.005006379668453806, 0.038797040972368496, 0.048072126792057565, -0.02483794713196786, -0.21278646299125334, 0.033704519994851, 0.007402384984552076, 0.084105036190809, 0.024494135482726914, 0.12986145923404316, -0.19879919383062147, -0.08812818735053665, 0.44078145798687873, 0.03984385253371377, -0.07815445214509964, 0.2598136984007923, -0.2191806474798604, -0.20694637426028126, 0.10861499208074651, 0.24664694952317454, 0.09806436280670919, -0.14876026895485425, 0.08890349385910667, -0.05089256057123605, 0.10546245457695286, 0.02472242948409219, 0.16294405793182945, 0.2849455204253134, 0.23319228096423963, -0.03601473900734594, 0.12710474950520284, -0.07800422586182035, -0.05304117504458286, -0.4415324361700761, -0.06639293985637396, -0.10840360535994957, 0.07645987666604158, -0.011586681976041291, -0.09042463593773152, 0.44282377942612294, 0.1398164240741416, 0.2886489687095347, -0.08655201859992782, 0.28677634424284887, 0.04968488313208677, -0.056997897804984335, 0.019820607838291357, 0.2847246401859018, 0.16560557911074475, 0.23664874937630406, -0.2690209079852426, 0.13443429776663451, 0.08762837314095936] |
709.1904 | Electron-impact rotational and hyperfine excitation of HCN, HNC, DCN and
DNC | Rotational excitation of isotopologues of HCN and HNC by thermal
electron-impact is studied using the molecular {\bf R}-matrix method combined
with the adiabatic-nuclei-rotation (ANR) approximation. Rate coefficients are
obtained for electron temperatures in the range 5$-$6000 K and for transitions
among all levels up to J=8. Hyperfine rates are also derived using the
infinite-order-sudden (IOS) scaling method. It is shown that the dominant
rotational transitions are dipole allowed, that is those for which $\Delta
J=1$. The hyperfine propensity rule $\Delta J=\Delta F$ is found to be stronger
than in the case of He$-$HCN collisions. For dipole allowed transitions,
electron-impact rates are shown to exceed those for excitation of HCN by He
atoms by 6 orders of magnitude. As a result, the present rates should be
included in any detailed population model of isotopologues of HCN and HNC in
sources where the electron fraction is larger than 10$^{-6}$, for example in
interstellar shocks and comets.
| astro-ph | rotational excitation of isotopologues of hcn and hnc by thermal electronimpact is studied using the molecular bf rmatrix method combined with the adiabaticnucleirotation anr approximation rate coefficients are obtained for electron temperatures in the range 56000 k and for transitions among all levels up to j8 hyperfine rates are also derived using the infiniteordersudden ios scaling method it is shown that the dominant rotational transitions are dipole allowed that is those for which delta j1 the hyperfine propensity rule delta jdelta f is found to be stronger than in the case of hehcn collisions for dipole allowed transitions electronimpact rates are shown to exceed those for excitation of hcn by he atoms by 6 orders of magnitude as a result the present rates should be included in any detailed population model of isotopologues of hcn and hnc in sources where the electron fraction is larger than 106 for example in interstellar shocks and comets | [['rotational', 'excitation', 'of', 'isotopologues', 'of', 'hcn', 'and', 'hnc', 'by', 'thermal', 'electronimpact', 'is', 'studied', 'using', 'the', 'molecular', 'bf', 'rmatrix', 'method', 'combined', 'with', 'the', 'adiabaticnucleirotation', 'anr', 'approximation', 'rate', 'coefficients', 'are', 'obtained', 'for', 'electron', 'temperatures', 'in', 'the', 'range', '56000', 'k', 'and', 'for', 'transitions', 'among', 'all', 'levels', 'up', 'to', 'j8', 'hyperfine', 'rates', 'are', 'also', 'derived', 'using', 'the', 'infiniteordersudden', 'ios', 'scaling', 'method', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'dominant', 'rotational', 'transitions', 'are', 'dipole', 'allowed', 'that', 'is', 'those', 'for', 'which', 'delta', 'j1', 'the', 'hyperfine', 'propensity', 'rule', 'delta', 'jdelta', 'f', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'stronger', 'than', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'hehcn', 'collisions', 'for', 'dipole', 'allowed', 'transitions', 'electronimpact', 'rates', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'exceed', 'those', 'for', 'excitation', 'of', 'hcn', 'by', 'he', 'atoms', 'by', '6', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'the', 'present', 'rates', 'should', 'be', 'included', 'in', 'any', 'detailed', 'population', 'model', 'of', 'isotopologues', 'of', 'hcn', 'and', 'hnc', 'in', 'sources', 'where', 'the', 'electron', 'fraction', 'is', 'larger', 'than', '106', 'for', 'example', 'in', 'interstellar', 'shocks', 'and', 'comets']] | [-0.06871805929394707, 0.1588239906130517, 0.06295870603640484, 0.06118964346116591, 0.04425425342363275, -0.12047239072511301, 0.07084318499835635, 0.4306933722075294, -0.15967525854658068, -0.293103084649915, 0.006164711461025077, -0.27137766537116537, -0.013256221547041064, 0.18485773185215162, 0.08784541302037979, -0.024382573284598346, 0.01924481418202905, -0.026244810306439725, -0.008220711239047494, -0.19940620312601134, 0.25384848102245455, 0.0821722753321618, 0.17831613910780136, 0.06377754864447258, 0.01605726397456297, -0.11433257095917475, 0.017000122691255087, -0.052573636243442454, -0.14675966758036368, 0.07519022965049706, 0.28285855351980727, 0.04616587181739947, 0.16943809012060657, -0.3980803254358714, -0.19513740942028224, 0.08191028922595375, 0.15637270205964646, 0.12562390565004783, 0.0429557359539995, -0.26806089455821835, 0.04952964443086458, -0.1808820226856696, -0.11703615767418657, -0.09171320752201151, 0.09548947283103332, 0.0714861313961568, -0.3284270193920854, 0.12446300739561682, 0.02326402445536813, 0.1001081759341402, -0.09720660099954484, -0.22589343348046265, -0.07577304296755517, 0.0637670460284925, 0.028589181044272882, 0.05787337151374303, 0.17390787406304084, -0.0771769920365544, -0.07246516631563114, 0.4285472164880119, -0.1252617461728982, -0.10465317030339898, 0.18817193221355624, -0.20054518820693581, -0.162679921901097, 0.246644566146036, 0.07928336622327371, 0.1477094972780084, -0.14681406934088206, 0.04347125548120661, 0.01107763406802334, 0.18186423134247412, 0.10834396989967406, 0.055342861609472556, 0.1519824065179777, 0.057688327570098875, 0.035560396183403876, 0.08840384219584414, -0.14774007968348907, -0.08815829637703894, -0.21303819042320052, -0.12619937341234166, -0.14797114940083225, 0.07327463517872483, -0.06051102929860445, -0.024164518816974866, 0.2837722265965068, 0.0891598146865327, 0.18983937121659145, 0.0005390107627118043, 0.28243812516916034, 0.15107154552946536, 0.05384868357765787, 0.09366162894963244, 0.284616225240813, 0.16569843407251622, 0.05478217258510709, -0.2503486065509017, 0.10094015603105909, 0.056561287119680274] |
709.1905 | On the lower central series of an associative algebra | This paper continues the study of the lower central series quotients of an
associative algebra A, regarded as a Lie algebra, which was started in
math/0610410 by Feigin and Shoikhet. Namely, it provides a basis for the second
quotient in the case when A is the free algebra in n generators (note that the
Hilbert series of this quotient was determined earlier in math/0610410).
Further, it uses this basis to determine the structure of the second quotient
in the case when A is the free algebra modulo the relations saying that the
generators have given nilpotency orders. Finally, it determines the structure
of the third and fourth quotient in the case of 2 generators, confirming an
answer conjectured in math/0610410. Finally, in the appendix, the results of
math/0610410 are generalized to the case when A is an arbitrary associative
algebra (under certain conditions on $A$).
| math.QA math.RT | this paper continues the study of the lower central series quotients of an associative algebra a regarded as a lie algebra which was started in math0610410 by feigin and shoikhet namely it provides a basis for the second quotient in the case when a is the free algebra in n generators note that the hilbert series of this quotient was determined earlier in math0610410 further it uses this basis to determine the structure of the second quotient in the case when a is the free algebra modulo the relations saying that the generators have given nilpotency orders finally it determines the structure of the third and fourth quotient in the case of 2 generators confirming an answer conjectured in math0610410 finally in the appendix the results of math0610410 are generalized to the case when a is an arbitrary associative algebra under certain conditions on a | [['this', 'paper', 'continues', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'lower', 'central', 'series', 'quotients', 'of', 'an', 'associative', 'algebra', 'a', 'regarded', 'as', 'a', 'lie', 'algebra', 'which', 'was', 'started', 'in', 'math0610410', 'by', 'feigin', 'and', 'shoikhet', 'namely', 'it', 'provides', 'a', 'basis', 'for', 'the', 'second', 'quotient', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'when', 'a', 'is', 'the', 'free', 'algebra', 'in', 'n', 'generators', 'note', 'that', 'the', 'hilbert', 'series', 'of', 'this', 'quotient', 'was', 'determined', 'earlier', 'in', 'math0610410', 'further', 'it', 'uses', 'this', 'basis', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'second', 'quotient', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'when', 'a', 'is', 'the', 'free', 'algebra', 'modulo', 'the', 'relations', 'saying', 'that', 'the', 'generators', 'have', 'given', 'nilpotency', 'orders', 'finally', 'it', 'determines', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'third', 'and', 'fourth', 'quotient', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', '2', 'generators', 'confirming', 'an', 'answer', 'conjectured', 'in', 'math0610410', 'finally', 'in', 'the', 'appendix', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'math0610410', 'are', 'generalized', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'when', 'a', 'is', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'associative', 'algebra', 'under', 'certain', 'conditions', 'on', 'a']] | [-0.14160995347232655, 0.06445706348237983, -0.08550978577535213, 0.044722824143085246, -0.0626622288568138, -0.06126454108041422, -0.023093285214894548, 0.29844952152463894, -0.325955747613876, -0.2298471306739696, 0.13978599979831227, -0.24058552034327696, -0.15691346502060005, 0.20577605400106003, -0.1284483099645325, -0.0398496726913185, 0.03254072129854868, 0.14276023122064513, -0.0970248162216539, -0.3073836185519808, 0.3701269793292058, 0.08690878214085763, 0.24412132813755807, 0.023104998438442447, 0.09541373713391609, 0.011331529907304152, -0.028480115892558264, -0.031613348565738775, -0.1259135862656845, 0.10351392804677116, 0.2556974147301938, 0.06959302428917125, 0.24021204141257652, -0.36802301487789074, -0.10117069573366437, 0.12644866669614768, 0.1421969656029652, 0.04236847273122262, -0.009656839596974696, -0.22053800182224348, 0.10201178124848882, -0.233617556641071, -0.1392271484633715, -0.030741873447751176, 0.08117673101610151, -0.022834322750889535, -0.26894514187929575, 0.0017567008027228816, 0.12355937524859248, 0.11791449782663378, -0.08248210274132675, -0.06073374154110407, -0.04862775110222142, 0.08798996910015282, -0.012238458553405633, 0.030090428382993258, 0.03894223896465425, -0.08752721165435325, -0.14751530287723089, 0.37413196496922396, -0.017681148109138654, -0.2204639742317497, 0.10804491859282656, -0.18830446659121663, -0.19404077907253442, 0.07235432782949044, 0.0478555315431079, 0.13416495020340743, -0.07655070777089287, 0.18248879486165043, -0.13969177996161683, 0.08770786818630737, 0.09235745971251665, -0.046331949756834016, 0.10951653220530214, 0.12682280030647486, 0.04459383276869254, 0.18922515948110358, 0.03944860609280395, -0.028246656201522925, -0.36983315272834794, -0.22513477668679993, -0.1455205167081721, 0.10653060543961053, -0.08366245044182569, -0.13009520681125336, 0.39518103471090055, 0.10920705373944907, 0.18200081727499592, 0.055493508479236786, 0.2178474555498567, 0.1462160100445858, 0.10262264727839622, 0.06999369077063326, 0.16584914349790278, 0.20198730321055086, 0.027375992082444758, -0.14880061468213862, 0.014961775035822186, 0.1887073155492544] |
709.1906 | Factorization of Numbers with the temporal Talbot effect: Optical
implementation by a sequence of shaped ultrashort pulses | We report on the successful operation of an analogue computer designed to
factor numbers. Our device relies solely on the interference of classical light
and brings together the field of ultrashort laser pulses with number theory.
Indeed, the frequency component of the electric field corresponding to a
sequence of appropriately shaped femtosecond pulses is determined by a Gauss
sum which allows us to find the factors of a number.
| physics.optics | we report on the successful operation of an analogue computer designed to factor numbers our device relies solely on the interference of classical light and brings together the field of ultrashort laser pulses with number theory indeed the frequency component of the electric field corresponding to a sequence of appropriately shaped femtosecond pulses is determined by a gauss sum which allows us to find the factors of a number | [['we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'successful', 'operation', 'of', 'an', 'analogue', 'computer', 'designed', 'to', 'factor', 'numbers', 'our', 'device', 'relies', 'solely', 'on', 'the', 'interference', 'of', 'classical', 'light', 'and', 'brings', 'together', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'ultrashort', 'laser', 'pulses', 'with', 'number', 'theory', 'indeed', 'the', 'frequency', 'component', 'of', 'the', 'electric', 'field', 'corresponding', 'to', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'appropriately', 'shaped', 'femtosecond', 'pulses', 'is', 'determined', 'by', 'a', 'gauss', 'sum', 'which', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'find', 'the', 'factors', 'of', 'a', 'number']] | [-0.19753602418738106, 0.1514180816216074, -0.11964604508239722, -0.019752225060812267, -0.07994286013443185, -0.08106383489633816, 0.07841700742669079, 0.39934735342968203, -0.25768944977418234, -0.3634152527142694, 0.0386936829401774, -0.20794280197667936, -0.11241250473034123, 0.27274107177188434, -0.0553668145954177, 0.028504596154232495, 0.010726912487028301, 0.047692981518238135, 0.016493231881463875, -0.19871792862650708, 0.3171435441295414, 0.06014523919725764, 0.2956089387661305, 0.0137537630625825, 0.14257946517993358, 0.05401395159382103, -0.015428461215418318, -0.04190556341242315, -0.06027480314715185, 0.15975819345887587, 0.16707024712493454, 0.07411549065559023, 0.266878469793153, -0.4540977169341151, -0.2011651411463601, 0.05217058931146681, 0.10451228721438488, 0.09617702737349369, -0.05186650837245195, -0.25882634884961275, 0.04265928779310291, -0.1151654002091348, -0.14831289410105217, -0.045832561963386295, -0.0010270561746227136, 0.10864691803420799, -0.3070970933101531, -0.02947987352187435, 0.027519794019020122, 0.046583176401538265, 0.022383082255660353, -0.06856886898774815, 0.04504925879460854, 0.09883386400811699, 0.041924029713550554, 0.05974196406432252, 0.14878424757794625, -0.13828408010169, -0.10585018370192552, 0.35791449251490226, -0.08285009661230489, -0.10423175509524721, 0.11919463154576394, -0.16436199206130012, -0.03458118515656046, 0.1793722286955386, 0.13872992150161578, 0.129008575734021, -0.10572049952199872, 0.0207752329356415, -0.0012600862866510515, 0.25759616040665173, 0.10780241291808046, 0.05488515502192836, 0.23262595258437205, 0.16058323983157027, 0.03972520154269844, 0.15931824421969012, -0.09107648559670517, -0.05858701752309782, -0.2699108268134296, -0.11265842327713102, -0.19186362637665824, 0.11241638958049209, -0.04913825015482608, -0.15678665523781724, 0.4525312382079985, 0.11899490187710583, 0.13876143799068918, 0.01701811313851858, 0.30092942676560924, 0.16397076524773854, 0.09001106259993454, 0.0012777839463366115, 0.2290767865235229, 0.21316537625102353, 0.062085249555715614, -0.24442924324261106, -0.025051485166709492, 0.04286181081113392] |
709.1907 | Consistent Treatment of Imaginary Contributions to Higgs-Boson Masses in
the MSSM | We show how the imaginary parts of the Higgs-Boson self-energies in the MSSM
are consistenly taken into account in the Higgs-Boson mass determination. In a
numerical example we find effects of 5 GeV in the mass difference of the two
heavy neutral Higgs bosons. The imaginary contributions have been included into
the code FeynHiggs.
| hep-ph | we show how the imaginary parts of the higgsboson selfenergies in the mssm are consistenly taken into account in the higgsboson mass determination in a numerical example we find effects of 5 gev in the mass difference of the two heavy neutral higgs bosons the imaginary contributions have been included into the code feynhiggs | [['we', 'show', 'how', 'the', 'imaginary', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'higgsboson', 'selfenergies', 'in', 'the', 'mssm', 'are', 'consistenly', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'in', 'the', 'higgsboson', 'mass', 'determination', 'in', 'a', 'numerical', 'example', 'we', 'find', 'effects', 'of', '5', 'gev', 'in', 'the', 'mass', 'difference', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'heavy', 'neutral', 'higgs', 'bosons', 'the', 'imaginary', 'contributions', 'have', 'been', 'included', 'into', 'the', 'code', 'feynhiggs']] | [-0.10872791123903072, 0.2057875171303749, -0.07064211433020386, 0.1882466502763607, -0.014310657357176145, -0.09677345573867636, -0.013682818695626877, 0.34191086915908037, -0.14549993857292942, -0.2750662950867856, -0.008591062061626601, -0.31103623795530033, 0.009564624780237122, 0.1490116723537169, 0.10127904502398989, 0.033912927895370454, 0.08865718862593726, -0.03076205195652114, -0.05324892170244345, -0.28974339356904644, 0.3054620744574263, -0.042489196096236505, 0.10357525375568205, 0.19857826567668882, 0.02119999355636537, 0.02090437648197015, -0.10649156204804226, -0.0845852806750271, -0.10351125959789863, 0.027829310520448618, 0.19742219977908665, 0.046030606414812304, 0.20575855337557625, -0.34721363470372224, -0.12519015008756132, 0.11271499661099235, 0.202412052485333, 0.12319598505618395, -0.09155054186056885, -0.2982337804235242, 0.05231313898736887, -0.25864555324531263, -0.07630886054701275, -0.03761151136347541, -0.04079466602868504, -0.11632621326242332, -0.28831223198385153, 0.05269537730728863, -0.05777056231508376, 0.03539446226312538, -0.08414612985561015, -0.2662466058714522, -0.11081878882315424, 0.11294549028389156, 0.1661107787276032, -0.04931330872285697, 0.16099543897521304, -0.14158393183067716, -0.09575233908577098, 0.4504348812279878, -0.10021639956782262, -0.2057901332111753, 0.08834497412425224, -0.19291433288405338, -0.1533016652058534, 0.15864807417340301, 0.2570544141862128, 0.035123425872707566, -0.17422975864502843, 0.21376633476810875, -0.019906117201403336, 0.1468309780789746, 0.021379418541780777, 0.03811760110504649, 0.24035366995398094, 0.12619502455237563, -0.08733762727826144, 0.1271442959809469, -0.05839283153828648, -0.09130568535032647, -0.4141438504060109, -0.16005686430812435, -0.03702848108002433, 0.0069571315673076445, -0.08684252769927736, -0.10102896939066273, 0.44698433943644716, 0.1634946836296607, 0.2730733823997003, -0.0041257468983531, 0.36399602069071046, 0.10975198973729103, 0.14937493307688446, 0.02576988590536294, 0.3382367663186785, 0.14658441488562082, 0.09415877243090007, -0.2804179845239829, -0.050384147032336506, 0.08638112436704061] |
709.1908 | Interplay of Electroweak Precision Observables and B Physics Observables | Indirect information about the possible scale of supersymmetry (SUSY)
breaking is provided by B physics observables (BPO) as well as electroweak
precision observables (EWPO). We review the combination of the constraints
imposed by recent measurements of the BPO BR(b -> s gamma), BR(B_s -> mu+ mu-),
BR(B_u -> tau nu_tau) and Delta M_{B_s} with those obtained from the
experimental measurements of the EWPO M_W, sin^2 theta_eff, Gamma_Z, (g-2)_mu
and M_h. We perform a chi^2 fit to the parameters of the constrained minimal
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM), in which the
SUSY-breaking parameters are universal at the GUT scale. Assuming that the
lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) provides the cold dark matter density
preferred by WMAP and other cosmological data, we confirm the preference found
previously for a relatively low SUSY-breaking scale, though there is some
slight tension between the EWPO and the BPO.
| hep-ph | indirect information about the possible scale of supersymmetry susy breaking is provided by b physics observables bpo as well as electroweak precision observables ewpo we review the combination of the constraints imposed by recent measurements of the bpo brb s gamma brb_s mu mu brb_u tau nu_tau and delta m_b_s with those obtained from the experimental measurements of the ewpo m_w sin2 theta_eff gamma_z g2_mu and m_h we perform a chi2 fit to the parameters of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model cmssm in which the susybreaking parameters are universal at the gut scale assuming that the lightest supersymmetric particle lsp provides the cold dark matter density preferred by wmap and other cosmological data we confirm the preference found previously for a relatively low susybreaking scale though there is some slight tension between the ewpo and the bpo | [['indirect', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'possible', 'scale', 'of', 'supersymmetry', 'susy', 'breaking', 'is', 'provided', 'by', 'b', 'physics', 'observables', 'bpo', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'electroweak', 'precision', 'observables', 'ewpo', 'we', 'review', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'the', 'constraints', 'imposed', 'by', 'recent', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'bpo', 'brb', 's', 'gamma', 'brb_s', 'mu', 'mu', 'brb_u', 'tau', 'nu_tau', 'and', 'delta', 'm_b_s', 'with', 'those', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'experimental', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'ewpo', 'm_w', 'sin2', 'theta_eff', 'gamma_z', 'g2_mu', 'and', 'm_h', 'we', 'perform', 'a', 'chi2', 'fit', 'to', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'constrained', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'cmssm', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'susybreaking', 'parameters', 'are', 'universal', 'at', 'the', 'gut', 'scale', 'assuming', 'that', 'the', 'lightest', 'supersymmetric', 'particle', 'lsp', 'provides', 'the', 'cold', 'dark', 'matter', 'density', 'preferred', 'by', 'wmap', 'and', 'other', 'cosmological', 'data', 'we', 'confirm', 'the', 'preference', 'found', 'previously', 'for', 'a', 'relatively', 'low', 'susybreaking', 'scale', 'though', 'there', 'is', 'some', 'slight', 'tension', 'between', 'the', 'ewpo', 'and', 'the', 'bpo']] | [-0.08351414679534773, 0.23766156438579586, -0.02257679568947101, 0.17841284547879604, -0.11106692139449008, -0.1922494542391984, 0.07487253340106484, 0.27517183757624886, -0.21836648115901447, -0.37469560412544733, 0.07029174033681208, -0.28605869188508454, 0.020833785041294833, 0.14928170280937264, 0.029723100735746483, 0.12944958977242735, 0.03910003431432002, -0.0009122803503422872, -0.08937435297680199, -0.1975852899180712, 0.22652562498610387, 0.09043076443188686, 0.16369350448726339, 0.07802863264496022, 0.027083783474063886, -0.038379466313049726, -0.05881093860214166, -0.063999072021098, -0.23636029632408082, 0.0645172342605202, 0.17223818289241521, 0.11207562973821893, 0.05406230871882686, -0.3083603939979423, -0.16160676077814073, 0.1872223292853921, 0.09176898596094961, 0.02674229546360909, -0.034642562491436164, -0.3471573016652507, 0.06276959725754692, -0.1762765116381941, -0.06673570398029917, -0.0729002230998842, -0.040975684458588034, -0.13285975466839017, -0.3685494935575952, 0.17739141052786975, -0.09302127190142315, 0.03161091867054925, 0.01148678292577107, -0.2163709481114667, -0.09139632885938788, -0.022696598892014287, 0.18926381185924937, 0.05892684153720393, 0.20116699029896276, -0.18367943915386573, -0.12481789396009045, 0.4465433834186682, -0.106566503123836, -0.1444269163263235, 0.11957278040548165, -0.18601069945168305, -0.2066829628542277, 0.06671061267719623, 0.0862743383494754, 0.04354450263162243, -0.1305786870165682, 0.2610118293489498, -0.06130852733642946, 0.2040537561666458, 0.0492105625919892, 0.04291884673442295, 0.2546677606325623, 0.21187183830279407, 0.0641619623341459, -0.035505845726233186, -0.09015936051587845, -0.03327209230203591, -0.45207679600633205, -0.05546611213250786, -0.08147286386262123, 0.046855276133468814, -0.1390718140978703, -0.03902507760291193, 0.346797458160378, 0.13067592661299393, 0.29735363896354927, 0.07086169287308074, 0.29313255213894585, 0.028679321401138255, 0.08519505022022648, -0.023689844642257225, 0.3375450256125793, 0.1017800448644008, 0.09616309977367732, -0.2593500961843508, 0.0010934964652959231, 0.014150233149977652] |
709.1909 | Asymptotics and Sequential Closures of Continued Fractions and
Generalizations | Given a sequence of complex square matrices, $a_n$, consider the sequence of
their partial products, defined by $p_n=p_{n-1}a_{n}$. What can be said about
the asymptotics as $n\to\infty$ of the sequence $f(p_n)$, where $f$ is a
continuous function? A special case of our most general result addresses this
question under the assumption that the matrices $a_n$ are an $l_1$ perturbation
of a sequence of matrices with bounded partial products. We apply our theory to
investigate the asymptotics of the approximants of continued fractions. In
particular, when a continued fraction is $l_1$ limit 1-periodic of elliptic or
loxodromic type, we show that its sequence of approximants tends to a circle in
$\hat{\mathbb{C}}$, or to a finite set of points lying on a circle. Our main
theorem on such continued fractions unifies the treatment of the loxodromic and
elliptic cases, which are convergent and divergent, respectively. When an
approximating sequence tends to a circle, we obtain statistical information
about the limiting distribution of the approximants. When the circle is the
real line, the points are shown to have a Cauchy distribution with parameters
given in terms of modifications of the original continued fraction. As an
example of the general theory, a detailed study of a $q$-continued fraction in
five complex variables is provided. The most general theorem in the paper holds
in the context of Banach algebras. The theory is also applied to $(r,s)$-matrix
continued fractions and recurrence sequences of Poincar\'e type and compared
with closely related literature.
| math.CV math.NT | given a sequence of complex square matrices a_n consider the sequence of their partial products defined by p_np_n1a_n what can be said about the asymptotics as ntoinfty of the sequence fp_n where f is a continuous function a special case of our most general result addresses this question under the assumption that the matrices a_n are an l_1 perturbation of a sequence of matrices with bounded partial products we apply our theory to investigate the asymptotics of the approximants of continued fractions in particular when a continued fraction is l_1 limit 1periodic of elliptic or loxodromic type we show that its sequence of approximants tends to a circle in hatmathbbc or to a finite set of points lying on a circle our main theorem on such continued fractions unifies the treatment of the loxodromic and elliptic cases which are convergent and divergent respectively when an approximating sequence tends to a circle we obtain statistical information about the limiting distribution of the approximants when the circle is the real line the points are shown to have a cauchy distribution with parameters given in terms of modifications of the original continued fraction as an example of the general theory a detailed study of a qcontinued fraction in five complex variables is provided the most general theorem in the paper holds in the context of banach algebras the theory is also applied to rsmatrix continued fractions and recurrence sequences of poincare type and compared with closely related literature | [['given', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'complex', 'square', 'matrices', 'a_n', 'consider', 'the', 'sequence', 'of', 'their', 'partial', 'products', 'defined', 'by', 'p_np_n1a_n', 'what', 'can', 'be', 'said', 'about', 'the', 'asymptotics', 'as', 'ntoinfty', 'of', 'the', 'sequence', 'fp_n', 'where', 'f', 'is', 'a', 'continuous', 'function', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'of', 'our', 'most', 'general', 'result', 'addresses', 'this', 'question', 'under', 'the', 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709.191 | Type I Non-Abelian Superconductors in Supersymmetric Gauge Theories | Non-BPS non-Abelian vortices with CP^1 internal moduli space are studied in
an N=2 supersymmetric U(1) x SU(2) gauge theory with softly breaking adjoint
mass terms. For generic internal orientations the classical force between two
vortices can be attractive or repulsive. On the other hand, the mass of the
scalars in the theory is always less than that of the vector bosons; also, the
force between two vortices with the same CP^1 orientation is always attractive:
for these reasons we interpret our model as a non-Abelian generalization of
type I superconductors. We compute the effective potential in the limit of two
well separated vortices. It is a function of the distance and of the relative
colour-flavour orientation of the two vortices; in this limit we find an
effective description in terms of two interacting CP^1 sigma models. In the
limit of two coincident vortices we find two different solutions with the same
topological winding and, for generic values of the parameters, different
tensions. One of the two solutions is described by a CP^1 effective sigma
model, while the other is just an Abelian vortex without internal degrees of
freedom. For generic values of the parameters, one of the two solutions is
metastable, while there are evidences that the other one is truly stable.
| hep-th | nonbps nonabelian vortices with cp1 internal moduli space are studied in an n2 supersymmetric u1 x su2 gauge theory with softly breaking adjoint mass terms for generic internal orientations the classical force between two vortices can be attractive or repulsive on the other hand the mass of the scalars in the theory is always less than that of the vector bosons also the force between two vortices with the same cp1 orientation is always attractive for these reasons we interpret our model as a nonabelian generalization of type i superconductors we compute the effective potential in the limit of two well separated vortices it is a function of the distance and of the relative colourflavour orientation of the two vortices in this limit we find an effective description in terms of two interacting cp1 sigma models in the limit of two coincident vortices we find two different solutions with the same topological winding and for generic values of the parameters different tensions one of the two solutions is described by a cp1 effective sigma model while the other is just an abelian vortex without internal degrees of freedom for generic values of the parameters one of the two solutions is metastable while there are evidences that the other one is truly stable | [['nonbps', 'nonabelian', 'vortices', 'with', 'cp1', 'internal', 'moduli', 'space', 'are', 'studied', 'in', 'an', 'n2', 'supersymmetric', 'u1', 'x', 'su2', 'gauge', 'theory', 'with', 'softly', 'breaking', 'adjoint', 'mass', 'terms', 'for', 'generic', 'internal', 'orientations', 'the', 'classical', 'force', 'between', 'two', 'vortices', 'can', 'be', 'attractive', 'or', 'repulsive', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'the', 'scalars', 'in', 'the', 'theory', 'is', 'always', 'less', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'vector', 'bosons', 'also', 'the', 'force', 'between', 'two', 'vortices', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'cp1', 'orientation', 'is', 'always', 'attractive', 'for', 'these', 'reasons', 'we', 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709.1911 | The K\"unneth formula for nuclear $DF$-spaces and Hochschild cohomology | We consider complexes $(\X, d)$ of nuclear Fr\'echet spaces and continuous
boundary maps $d_n$ with closed ranges and prove that, up to topological
isomorphism, $ (H_{n}(\X, d))^*$ $\iso$ $H^{n}(\X^*,d^*),$ where
$(H_{n}(\X,d))^*$ is the strong dual space of the homology group of $(\X,d)$
and $ H^{n}(\X^*,d^*)$ is the cohomology group of the strong dual complex
$(\X^*,d^*)$. We use this result to establish the existence of topological
isomorphisms in the K\"{u}nneth formula for the cohomology of complete nuclear
$DF$-complexes and in the K\"{u}nneth formula for continuous Hochschild
cohomology of nuclear $\hat{\otimes}$-algebras which are Fr\'echet spaces or
$DF$-spaces for which all boundary maps of the standard homology complexes have
closed ranges. We describe explicitly continuous Hochschild and cyclic
cohomology groups of certain tensor products of $\hat{\otimes}$-algebras which
are Fr\'echet spaces or nuclear $DF$-spaces.
| math.KT math.FA | we consider complexes x d of nuclear frechet spaces and continuous boundary maps d_n with closed ranges and prove that up to topological isomorphism h_nx d iso hnxd where h_nxd is the strong dual space of the homology group of xd and hnxd is the cohomology group of the strong dual complex xd we use this result to establish the existence of topological isomorphisms in the kunneth formula for the cohomology of complete nuclear dfcomplexes and in the kunneth formula for continuous hochschild cohomology of nuclear hatotimesalgebras which are frechet spaces or dfspaces for which all boundary maps of the standard homology complexes have closed ranges we describe explicitly continuous hochschild and cyclic cohomology groups of certain tensor products of hatotimesalgebras which are frechet spaces or nuclear dfspaces | [['we', 'consider', 'complexes', 'x', 'd', 'of', 'nuclear', 'frechet', 'spaces', 'and', 'continuous', 'boundary', 'maps', 'd_n', 'with', 'closed', 'ranges', 'and', 'prove', 'that', 'up', 'to', 'topological', 'isomorphism', 'h_nx', 'd', 'iso', 'hnxd', 'where', 'h_nxd', 'is', 'the', 'strong', 'dual', 'space', 'of', 'the', 'homology', 'group', 'of', 'xd', 'and', 'hnxd', 'is', 'the', 'cohomology', 'group', 'of', 'the', 'strong', 'dual', 'complex', 'xd', 'we', 'use', 'this', 'result', 'to', 'establish', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'topological', 'isomorphisms', 'in', 'the', 'kunneth', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'cohomology', 'of', 'complete', 'nuclear', 'dfcomplexes', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'kunneth', 'formula', 'for', 'continuous', 'hochschild', 'cohomology', 'of', 'nuclear', 'hatotimesalgebras', 'which', 'are', 'frechet', 'spaces', 'or', 'dfspaces', 'for', 'which', 'all', 'boundary', 'maps', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'homology', 'complexes', 'have', 'closed', 'ranges', 'we', 'describe', 'explicitly', 'continuous', 'hochschild', 'and', 'cyclic', 'cohomology', 'groups', 'of', 'certain', 'tensor', 'products', 'of', 'hatotimesalgebras', 'which', 'are', 'frechet', 'spaces', 'or', 'nuclear', 'dfspaces']] | [-0.18996765355639642, 0.08556445028948327, -0.08894335550646629, 0.12986719451803383, -0.06264332323635538, -0.10755563327561944, -0.02901622771676029, 0.3787414070008503, -0.3792924644545682, -0.17365343769591662, 0.11687195719587767, -0.19929507881733438, -0.11932365085193587, 0.14787127219906618, -0.13363683841101104, -0.01611161320620487, 0.009717411793498021, 0.10128782724120444, -0.14389912713358494, -0.24415878631595161, 0.45665584847090707, -0.101427438909248, 0.19100091637172287, 0.07370101432588266, 0.09552983336541201, 0.00788504296947541, -0.018046829725555595, -0.04228302743309365, -0.19257556497817155, 0.16975747812595668, 0.3347085375233643, 0.02766754696588783, 0.1392088006550987, -0.3741723297299036, -0.12445356296525607, 0.24178485330870195, 0.053325458129327145, -0.03540553481434472, 0.0018384894412461549, -0.3016885199599088, 0.11894183599337514, -0.19557592434988869, -0.10069320181895408, -0.13594225018976197, 0.11008232095909695, 0.06976704371552314, -0.24116978107861453, 0.027819427684129726, 0.07632523956858824, 0.1134600001725278, -0.1376497049500505, -0.05913523622157593, -0.10082589130428049, 0.132180227421134, -0.03004327884428353, 0.08623718792918109, 0.12508739286192483, -0.0785700591513887, -0.14054807916991488, 0.37204214209510433, -0.06137065261962914, -0.17261198049621476, 0.13341943770337233, -0.22316173136594794, -0.2118307367988652, 0.12285657808364879, 0.03549009466904306, 0.1994715066694264, -0.01417962744111015, 0.23125237910473165, -0.07741072155054539, 0.05066194664686918, 0.08015621228015891, 0.03641673835790566, 0.08499108824217992, 0.0628476369235995, 0.13712207995723152, 0.13489742725787143, -0.0047805245464382275, -0.07372205587706694, -0.3472538487685303, -0.24532999657845544, -0.11345261478357227, 0.1321700651258711, -0.1636746398077277, -0.19457186649050262, 0.3585956813955319, 0.018926933325166182, 0.15900267368875398, 0.1415594950151224, 0.20779725896089427, 0.03309968589324384, 0.06034562762285913, 0.025155931906474215, 0.12055860966023418, 0.25852888875130203, -0.026885589712389534, -0.13541238029081856, -0.022509816481972172, 0.26920911659216207] |
709.1912 | Unintegrated parton distributions and correlation functions | We discuss the limitations of the standard collinear approach. The
kinematical approximations necessary to derive the collinear factorization are
insufficient for the description of the exclusive final states. We argue that
for a proper treatment of the final states one needs to use fully unintegrated
parton correlation functions. We introduce the gauge invariant definitions of
these objects and the factorization theorem for one jet production in deep
inelastic scattering.
| hep-ph | we discuss the limitations of the standard collinear approach the kinematical approximations necessary to derive the collinear factorization are insufficient for the description of the exclusive final states we argue that for a proper treatment of the final states one needs to use fully unintegrated parton correlation functions we introduce the gauge invariant definitions of these objects and the factorization theorem for one jet production in deep inelastic scattering | [['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'limitations', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'collinear', 'approach', 'the', 'kinematical', 'approximations', 'necessary', 'to', 'derive', 'the', 'collinear', 'factorization', 'are', 'insufficient', 'for', 'the', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'exclusive', 'final', 'states', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'for', 'a', 'proper', 'treatment', 'of', 'the', 'final', 'states', 'one', 'needs', 'to', 'use', 'fully', 'unintegrated', 'parton', 'correlation', 'functions', 'we', 'introduce', 'the', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'definitions', 'of', 'these', 'objects', 'and', 'the', 'factorization', 'theorem', 'for', 'one', 'jet', 'production', 'in', 'deep', 'inelastic', 'scattering']] | [-0.07553621101787017, 0.12041647590534843, -0.1826391560497923, 0.19920615440207548, -0.05679649703096652, -0.06145469874710492, 0.013544599724717546, 0.3937621095042298, -0.23775781081328035, -0.196318079865929, 0.010281721276798002, -0.2573104213950211, -0.02756847613963528, 0.07336725867893276, 0.018750291871095913, 0.11375138270196275, 0.0931695670739788, -0.03199501006283622, -0.10268166826943448, -0.20673000997107854, 0.42770388323570724, -0.040222742105918544, 0.25149442460657895, 0.12806440115082954, 0.12325901316775792, 0.1364207949448863, -0.06351861874893497, -0.05901123397052288, -0.12772461761557244, 0.13565683474028617, 0.2725545893004839, 0.1274929850605195, 0.17057444271968975, -0.4195731881385048, -0.11583744348499223, 0.042436657231334815, 0.13350964098007997, 0.12201421125791967, 0.032431508745134306, -0.23544128430480865, 0.0761553029043843, -0.24264965052513973, -0.15789735852909423, -0.17943984439488556, -0.04230290356402596, -0.04436380304126204, -0.285584748175967, 0.059668262696663, 0.054338849055162376, -0.029710446359535705, -0.04691179912280885, -0.1598331220448017, 0.006054387579712531, 0.08871019157189605, 0.05289506466985019, 0.02849042844162255, 0.13178466122084553, -0.2135976417314099, -0.1818223021295178, 0.36378614570729545, 0.009323431226168421, -0.22063855479295919, 0.18040452217278274, -0.16662151134653908, -0.20887100397595676, 0.11350882350403033, 0.1752852697087371, 0.129722081232762, -0.20558041018312392, 0.07530556114279138, -0.020874575570063746, 0.09073899763103142, 0.05910774268398898, 0.09923723293637074, 0.1572906997702692, 0.1319914637673376, 0.000982436904872673, 0.12235491482230525, -0.11432945887571659, -0.11635583262566639, -0.4269459874949593, -0.13234952266287545, -0.09257524324904966, 0.05505425125306499, -0.08785642665938265, -0.17922519908144907, 0.3700106768477438, 0.15835480828621035, 0.2186181200263293, 0.04563110293415577, 0.3522313341120447, 0.13842641242334378, 0.07626069070555377, 0.06420198469962654, 0.2683095800204445, 0.18351764977653173, 0.060241559169430664, -0.19254312392972087, 0.05346973873404921, 0.1004953169317889] |
709.1913 | Modulational instability and nonlocality management in coupled NLS
system | The modulational instability of two interacting waves in a nonlocal Kerr-type
medium is considered analytically and numerically. For a generic choice of wave
amplitudes, we give a complete description of stable/unstable regimes for zero
group-velocity mismatch. It is shown that nonlocality suppresses considerably
the growth rate and bandwidth of instability. For nonzero group-velocity
mismatch we perform a geometrical analysis of a nonlocality management which
can provide stability of waves otherwise unstable in a local medium.
| nlin.PS | the modulational instability of two interacting waves in a nonlocal kerrtype medium is considered analytically and numerically for a generic choice of wave amplitudes we give a complete description of stableunstable regimes for zero groupvelocity mismatch it is shown that nonlocality suppresses considerably the growth rate and bandwidth of instability for nonzero groupvelocity mismatch we perform a geometrical analysis of a nonlocality management which can provide stability of waves otherwise unstable in a local medium | [['the', 'modulational', 'instability', 'of', 'two', 'interacting', 'waves', 'in', 'a', 'nonlocal', 'kerrtype', 'medium', 'is', 'considered', 'analytically', 'and', 'numerically', 'for', 'a', 'generic', 'choice', 'of', 'wave', 'amplitudes', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'complete', 'description', 'of', 'stableunstable', 'regimes', 'for', 'zero', 'groupvelocity', 'mismatch', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'nonlocality', 'suppresses', 'considerably', 'the', 'growth', 'rate', 'and', 'bandwidth', 'of', 'instability', 'for', 'nonzero', 'groupvelocity', 'mismatch', 'we', 'perform', 'a', 'geometrical', 'analysis', 'of', 'a', 'nonlocality', 'management', 'which', 'can', 'provide', 'stability', 'of', 'waves', 'otherwise', 'unstable', 'in', 'a', 'local', 'medium']] | [-0.2699810560156281, 0.1758058621796469, -0.11528834207604328, 0.10922196230851114, -0.08160097705821197, -0.13993446511526902, 0.021671255553762116, 0.31194183976079026, -0.2387283495378991, -0.18504739675670862, 0.08127014462525646, -0.23036661011942972, -0.16385135460024078, 0.1762894561017553, 0.030496825392668445, 0.0548314140488704, 0.03296385406516492, -0.03272077606641687, -0.025581567979728183, -0.16756523434150344, 0.32353924224774044, 0.033643091240276896, 0.3338036351899306, 0.07354538320874174, 0.07281900888929764, -0.002320673099408547, 0.02397624539832274, 0.036163756400346754, -0.1797870980859928, 0.018856658603375157, 0.253388892536362, 0.03666623946900169, 0.2798053822418054, -0.42404432853062946, -0.2830560994458695, 0.06272456559042136, 0.1888417954929173, 0.17555476377873372, -0.059992783198831605, -0.23511999929944674, 0.02877434651677807, -0.15543304186314344, -0.20985212235401074, -0.06431091020504634, 0.057137806839309635, -0.012180262182373553, -0.3280324043519795, 0.16059820843239625, 0.07540358282625675, 0.022684751922885577, -0.04855282519323131, 0.02453061764438947, -0.0551673291126887, 0.037119855961451925, 0.006447606473375345, -0.03951998367905617, 0.07541297130131473, -0.147179831340909, -0.052367661433915295, 0.39263540072677033, -0.0760038846412984, -0.24676786768250167, 0.17510976776480675, -0.12069543812423944, -0.0219103417173028, 0.18760471203674872, 0.1807904891980191, 0.06552348759025335, -0.09025666420037548, 0.03114709783811122, -0.001161470598502395, 0.18797179359321792, 0.15631384206314883, 0.10393745400632422, 0.2004340673238039, 0.18907546058297156, 0.07375125760833422, 0.1730891956637303, -0.024140927928189438, -0.05814157382895549, -0.32394332967698575, -0.09269143053640921, -0.14721506588160993, 0.05728912665411675, -0.11630090089476046, -0.20207031343248671, 0.4131451927125454, 0.10517392170305054, 0.1249627528215448, 0.005865048851507406, 0.28641559367378555, 0.15635954881707828, 0.0195545727511247, 0.05880506527299682, 0.35088607266545296, 0.163191648821036, 0.09313052448133628, -0.2907391184289008, 0.027801954477714996, 0.03986776196397841] |
709.1914 | Sur la persistance des courbes invariantes pour les dynamiques
holomorphes fibr\'ees lisses | En s'appuyant sur un th\'eor\`me de fonctions implicites de Hamilton nous
montrons la persistance d'une courbe invariante indiff\'rente pour une
dynamique holomorpphe fibr\'ee en classe $C^{\infty}$. Une condition
diophantienne sur la paire de nombres de rotation est demand\'ee. Nous montrons
aussi que cette condition est optimale.
| math.DS | en sappuyant sur un theorme de fonctions implicites de hamilton nous montrons la persistance dune courbe invariante indiffrente pour une dynamique holomorpphe fibree en classe cinfty une condition diophantienne sur la paire de nombres de rotation est demandee nous montrons aussi que cette condition est optimale | [['en', 'sappuyant', 'sur', 'un', 'theorme', 'de', 'fonctions', 'implicites', 'de', 'hamilton', 'nous', 'montrons', 'la', 'persistance', 'dune', 'courbe', 'invariante', 'indiffrente', 'pour', 'une', 'dynamique', 'holomorpphe', 'fibree', 'en', 'classe', 'cinfty', 'une', 'condition', 'diophantienne', 'sur', 'la', 'paire', 'de', 'nombres', 'de', 'rotation', 'est', 'demandee', 'nous', 'montrons', 'aussi', 'que', 'cette', 'condition', 'est', 'optimale']] | [-0.3736344132572412, -0.06056389567675069, -0.3207866011187434, 0.0569517666939646, -0.16975338337942958, -0.16398300600703805, -0.5170932520646602, -0.1729673021007329, -0.01566109579289332, -0.20904785043094307, 0.0497319127433002, -0.4381087162764743, -0.32504471521824596, 0.1122743599495152, -0.6318168609635905, -0.18497376007217098, -0.29358914848417045, -0.21607321891933678, 0.14244575048796831, -0.3036845339462161, 0.22489843058865516, 0.32937818630598487, 0.4062645017169416, -0.15285949101671575, 0.43684615939855576, 0.4079902216792107, 0.286921554710716, -0.38437071703374387, -0.6194177537225187, -0.06873348797671497, 0.5225820602849126, 0.3103629917837679, 0.2229223506525159, -0.3325639655813575, 0.24578673044452443, 0.11550861774594523, 0.09283358483062329, -0.10006941633182578, 0.08376832808717154, -0.6781212691217661, 0.2127746470272541, -0.22886267036374192, -0.026077262964099644, -0.019224449971807188, -0.3287774633616209, 0.018719733217949397, -0.22397040348732844, 0.21109597908798605, 0.039531935239210725, 0.28033629478886724, 0.01869956646114588, -0.3920238845050335, -0.4748338025063276, -0.1532137949790922, -0.2876714335754514, 0.20983647244574968, -0.07315915818326175, 0.32359419437125325, 0.12041868246160448, 0.14766524541191756, -0.303178985696286, 0.030355677905026822, 0.09563875185704092, -0.03273084777756594, -0.5212690524756909, 0.06722281514666975, 0.0196027789497748, 0.24006247594952584, 0.5317871887236834, 0.6359277380630374, 0.13298959338571875, 0.093024902488105, 0.4827331779524684, -0.19863384978380055, 0.07753091775812208, -0.08141703363507986, -0.014768594692577608, -0.6389483442530036, -0.044467639992944896, 0.18354562886524944, -0.11481434684246779, -0.6848495049402118, 0.14674896891228856, 0.16927142129279674, -0.045968361584527884, -0.5118454813957214, -0.17509595121955498, -0.1017047086264938, 0.012056471779942513, 0.14501538090407848, -0.06646367457469751, -0.4750769765349105, -0.28366578470304377, -0.002052957355044782, 0.008941999333910645, -0.0391998598119244, 0.46541932988911866, -0.3677800985984504, -0.19266901914961637, 0.5504965607076884] |
709.1915 | Constraining neutron star tidal Love numbers with gravitational wave
detectors | Ground-based gravitational wave detectors may be able to constrain the
nuclear equation of state using the early, low frequency portion of the signal
of detected neutron star - neutron star inspirals. In this early adiabatic
regime, the influence of a neutron star's internal structure on the phase of
the waveform depends only on a single parameter lambda of the star related to
its tidal Love number, namely the ratio of the induced quadrupole moment to the
perturbing tidal gravitational field. We analyze the information obtainable
from gravitational wave frequencies smaller than a cutoff frequency of 400 Hz,
where corrections to the internal-structure signal are less than 10 percent.
For an inspiral of two non-spinning 1.4 solar mass neutron stars at a distance
of 50 Mpc, LIGO II detectors will be able to constrain lambda to lambda < 2.0
10^{37} g cm^2 s^2 with 90% confidence. Fully relativistic stellar models show
that the corresponding constraint on radius R for 1.4 solar mass neutron stars
would be R < 13.6 km (15.3 km) for a n=0.5 (n=1.0) polytrope.
| astro-ph gr-qc | groundbased gravitational wave detectors may be able to constrain the nuclear equation of state using the early low frequency portion of the signal of detected neutron star neutron star inspirals in this early adiabatic regime the influence of a neutron stars internal structure on the phase of the waveform depends only on a single parameter lambda of the star related to its tidal love number namely the ratio of the induced quadrupole moment to the perturbing tidal gravitational field we analyze the information obtainable from gravitational wave frequencies smaller than a cutoff frequency of 400 hz where corrections to the internalstructure signal are less than 10 percent for an inspiral of two nonspinning 14 solar mass neutron stars at a distance of 50 mpc ligo ii detectors will be able to constrain lambda to lambda 20 1037 g cm2 s2 with 90 confidence fully relativistic stellar models show that the corresponding constraint on radius r for 14 solar mass neutron stars would be r 136 km 153 km for a n05 n10 polytrope | [['groundbased', 'gravitational', 'wave', 'detectors', 'may', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'constrain', 'the', 'nuclear', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'using', 'the', 'early', 'low', 'frequency', 'portion', 'of', 'the', 'signal', 'of', 'detected', 'neutron', 'star', 'neutron', 'star', 'inspirals', 'in', 'this', 'early', 'adiabatic', 'regime', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'a', 'neutron', 'stars', 'internal', 'structure', 'on', 'the', 'phase', 'of', 'the', 'waveform', 'depends', 'only', 'on', 'a', 'single', 'parameter', 'lambda', 'of', 'the', 'star', 'related', 'to', 'its', 'tidal', 'love', 'number', 'namely', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'induced', 'quadrupole', 'moment', 'to', 'the', 'perturbing', 'tidal', 'gravitational', 'field', 'we', 'analyze', 'the', 'information', 'obtainable', 'from', 'gravitational', 'wave', 'frequencies', 'smaller', 'than', 'a', 'cutoff', 'frequency', 'of', '400', 'hz', 'where', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'internalstructure', 'signal', 'are', 'less', 'than', '10', 'percent', 'for', 'an', 'inspiral', 'of', 'two', 'nonspinning', '14', 'solar', 'mass', 'neutron', 'stars', 'at', 'a', 'distance', 'of', '50', 'mpc', 'ligo', 'ii', 'detectors', 'will', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'constrain', 'lambda', 'to', 'lambda', '20', '1037', 'g', 'cm2', 's2', 'with', '90', 'confidence', 'fully', 'relativistic', 'stellar', 'models', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'corresponding', 'constraint', 'on', 'radius', 'r', 'for', '14', 'solar', 'mass', 'neutron', 'stars', 'would', 'be', 'r', '136', 'km', '153', 'km', 'for', 'a', 'n05', 'n10', 'polytrope']] | [-0.12965990542596595, 0.1994493735716766, -0.016731481092202283, 0.0988391348056571, -0.13487496660334644, -0.05412587497469991, 0.02748106553410126, 0.29852986835392714, -0.15528266296213017, -0.3662893008440733, 0.057800247074716704, -0.3170682375297643, 0.013165057536626106, 0.2345595389203883, 0.02260273397726895, -0.008812570294330092, 0.08033361762347847, 0.08561322185194639, -0.11289434401497114, -0.1891919664103202, 0.2688121553781161, 0.10673075054940052, 0.11025356174430398, -0.014153964990793272, 0.07185604239185882, -0.08027591307574428, -0.0029566882375822684, -0.06283053442521758, -0.17367302566966575, -0.0021166268774703537, 0.24387211452717883, 0.15781597970432582, 0.19805034298888344, -0.39779744543633316, -0.19049654573372696, 0.07162506631467232, 0.13636994596332486, 0.043137012937561024, 0.005833122625454264, -0.28554234673339485, 0.09396982806034895, -0.2797649211066147, -0.15268308521508303, 0.053048946680825985, 0.09519258403925897, 0.028776045092706416, -0.26781134166366277, 0.11918113882542415, 0.00999978102803187, -0.006153847226266598, -0.10328784240964735, -0.1266141362734637, -0.034792029696819916, 0.00479082010014979, 0.030505546677294514, 0.1290329669075639, 0.21921301498023663, -0.110508564955739, -0.007622802461535389, 0.39619977512331894, -0.12382973415041369, -0.09543812632300826, 0.14263710433882554, -0.2598306380596748, -0.11005821211675051, 0.18468024872302966, 0.17398295088043048, 0.15675422200813977, -0.14396273466483636, 0.001437893750715925, 0.0884989072816774, 0.2902717977534806, 0.14577950554802407, 0.04326262043215075, 0.33894446802996964, 0.14399541436212657, 0.03575789341757204, 0.05561971961355465, -0.27018488514599887, 0.007642289069630098, -0.25182297698839373, -0.03399453048058244, -0.14871406711727317, 0.10518179594070061, -0.19633084797397862, -0.09507006824897808, 0.3477225217231831, 0.11042050730645504, 0.1450291544572602, 0.03681879804224631, 0.26837719224804885, 0.10474749563768138, 0.06967853745824636, 0.07783320193113975, 0.39295368144548565, 0.19582145212510557, 0.05305624305985348, -0.2578677182792426, -0.00361556087642215, -0.005846490394486504] |
709.1916 | Interaction Ruling Animal Collective Behaviour Depends on Topological
rather than Metric Distance: Evidence from a Field Study | Numerical models indicate that collective animal behaviour may emerge from
simple local rules of interaction among the individuals. However, very little
is known about the nature of such interaction, so that models and theories
mostly rely on aprioristic assumptions. By reconstructing the three-dimensional
position of individual birds in airborne flocks of few thousands members, we
prove that the interaction does not depend on the metric distance, as most
current models and theories assume, but rather on the topological distance. In
fact, we discover that each bird interacts on average with a fixed number of
neighbours (six-seven), rather than with all neighbours within a fixed metric
distance. We argue that a topological interaction is indispensable to maintain
flock's cohesion against the large density changes caused by external
perturbations, typically predation. We support this hypothesis by numerical
simulations, showing that a topological interaction grants significantly higher
cohesion of the aggregation compared to a standard metric one.
| q-bio.PE cond-mat.stat-mech | numerical models indicate that collective animal behaviour may emerge from simple local rules of interaction among the individuals however very little is known about the nature of such interaction so that models and theories mostly rely on aprioristic assumptions by reconstructing the threedimensional position of individual birds in airborne flocks of few thousands members we prove that the interaction does not depend on the metric distance as most current models and theories assume but rather on the topological distance in fact we discover that each bird interacts on average with a fixed number of neighbours sixseven rather than with all neighbours within a fixed metric distance we argue that a topological interaction is indispensable to maintain flocks cohesion against the large density changes caused by external perturbations typically predation we support this hypothesis by numerical simulations showing that a topological interaction grants significantly higher cohesion of the aggregation compared to a standard metric one | [['numerical', 'models', 'indicate', 'that', 'collective', 'animal', 'behaviour', 'may', 'emerge', 'from', 'simple', 'local', 'rules', 'of', 'interaction', 'among', 'the', 'individuals', 'however', 'very', 'little', 'is', 'known', 'about', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'such', 'interaction', 'so', 'that', 'models', 'and', 'theories', 'mostly', 'rely', 'on', 'aprioristic', 'assumptions', 'by', 'reconstructing', 'the', 'threedimensional', 'position', 'of', 'individual', 'birds', 'in', 'airborne', 'flocks', 'of', 'few', 'thousands', 'members', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'interaction', 'does', 'not', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'metric', 'distance', 'as', 'most', 'current', 'models', 'and', 'theories', 'assume', 'but', 'rather', 'on', 'the', 'topological', 'distance', 'in', 'fact', 'we', 'discover', 'that', 'each', 'bird', 'interacts', 'on', 'average', 'with', 'a', 'fixed', 'number', 'of', 'neighbours', 'sixseven', 'rather', 'than', 'with', 'all', 'neighbours', 'within', 'a', 'fixed', 'metric', 'distance', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'a', 'topological', 'interaction', 'is', 'indispensable', 'to', 'maintain', 'flocks', 'cohesion', 'against', 'the', 'large', 'density', 'changes', 'caused', 'by', 'external', 'perturbations', 'typically', 'predation', 'we', 'support', 'this', 'hypothesis', 'by', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'showing', 'that', 'a', 'topological', 'interaction', 'grants', 'significantly', 'higher', 'cohesion', 'of', 'the', 'aggregation', 'compared', 'to', 'a', 'standard', 'metric', 'one']] | [-0.14644194388871684, 0.15607478647010425, -0.08416332000123909, 0.08519069778997743, -0.09351000814923859, -0.15057197603050107, 0.07170428837089514, 0.37122442027906966, -0.24307472290839463, -0.3165301568867042, 0.053276472361271386, -0.30872642570266534, -0.18812987996033984, 0.13962935399434534, -0.043721520376933456, -0.04083676111893546, 0.06100605346728116, 0.09279833467421579, -0.010293993179753325, -0.23725947885609724, 0.3192833487942717, 0.053844461674053296, 0.2833527953552654, 0.0364122938629532, 0.09000315098700667, 0.0036998552276320705, -0.02141231579973904, 0.08756735553474963, -0.07577680216124814, 0.11337435553791009, 0.1685643369854636, 0.12033301490675537, 0.29691884585114475, -0.449645916596542, -0.2553956842573445, 0.10565704698111326, 0.14603156802545794, 0.11696541761017702, -0.0413675148259191, -0.28803600068356283, 0.09075193964340572, -0.17654090437405054, -0.12637419799370142, -0.0777587468760222, 0.04079345582369593, 0.06463234172753526, -0.2077993849091524, 0.07758426680031774, 0.026140824007479097, 0.11192103642118133, -0.07973522289650016, -0.08195109228950505, -0.05877498134033255, 0.13428190725876835, 0.07735108527327504, 0.02116806121859578, 0.16709466325119138, -0.17780921438228023, -0.10412935687387301, 0.4014138903201016, -0.046767929564797, -0.21776064525942737, 0.30446428630738426, -0.1363658639115397, -0.12120902320382253, 0.09045174678032791, 0.16461471592995272, 0.12251413509468823, -0.10462615010176414, 0.03364347199851562, -0.04209929629871196, 0.21936607332230587, 0.037024992117901744, 0.024869813139434732, 0.20268664206225984, 0.1516503036338714, 0.0880172013592742, 0.04854553193462635, -0.04004906021740312, -0.13263491047181042, -0.26064050225601865, -0.07563656281369428, -0.19621316912459222, 0.05945566151258033, -0.11722497055227138, -0.170749467938341, 0.35532759159523386, 0.2013829875702428, 0.2156404702533478, 0.07834090655852183, 0.26568713007506983, 0.015831417879667985, 0.11081403895628218, 0.08340843290537961, 0.272976466411956, 0.05294146290615055, 0.021857582805739118, -0.18042727646355522, 0.14726286225045235, 0.04470043693474354] |
709.1917 | Seeking a solution of the Pioneer Anomaly | The 1972 and 1973 launched Pioneer 10 and 11 were the first missions to
explore the outer solar system. They achieved stunning breakthroughs in
deep-space exploration. But around 1980 an unmodeled force of \sim 8 \times
10^{-8} cm/s^2, directed approximately towards the Sun, appeared in the
tracking data. It later was unambiguously verified as not being an artifact.
The origin remains unknown (although radiant heat remains a likely cause).
Increasing effort has gone into understanding this anomaly. We review the
situation and describe programs to resolve the issue.
| gr-qc | the 1972 and 1973 launched pioneer 10 and 11 were the first missions to explore the outer solar system they achieved stunning breakthroughs in deepspace exploration but around 1980 an unmodeled force of sim 8 times 108 cms2 directed approximately towards the sun appeared in the tracking data it later was unambiguously verified as not being an artifact the origin remains unknown although radiant heat remains a likely cause increasing effort has gone into understanding this anomaly we review the situation and describe programs to resolve the issue | [['the', '1972', 'and', '1973', 'launched', 'pioneer', '10', 'and', '11', 'were', 'the', 'first', 'missions', 'to', 'explore', 'the', 'outer', 'solar', 'system', 'they', 'achieved', 'stunning', 'breakthroughs', 'in', 'deepspace', 'exploration', 'but', 'around', '1980', 'an', 'unmodeled', 'force', 'of', 'sim', '8', 'times', '108', 'cms2', 'directed', 'approximately', 'towards', 'the', 'sun', 'appeared', 'in', 'the', 'tracking', 'data', 'it', 'later', 'was', 'unambiguously', 'verified', 'as', 'not', 'being', 'an', 'artifact', 'the', 'origin', 'remains', 'unknown', 'although', 'radiant', 'heat', 'remains', 'a', 'likely', 'cause', 'increasing', 'effort', 'has', 'gone', 'into', 'understanding', 'this', 'anomaly', 'we', 'review', 'the', 'situation', 'and', 'describe', 'programs', 'to', 'resolve', 'the', 'issue']] | [-0.1284598159314059, 0.13874225689141895, -0.04035683101012017, 0.06975205675884023, -0.07882192658937791, -0.09106989662607455, 0.04901694933439351, 0.3534534790960606, -0.22861907541730694, -0.4217629749327898, 0.16573262708102862, -0.2846585708321072, -0.11705576502506367, 0.1913287912029773, -0.1308014964444779, 0.017645201984454285, 0.06140876226973804, -0.010287951267938215, -0.03844799535925796, -0.24650804376208477, 0.16690897398141466, 0.14142840093171055, 0.19069464168172667, 0.04066844505723566, 0.08310755549279168, -0.053818773580794434, -0.09260241238106656, -0.025548579437203112, -0.11208400674248961, 0.04581115616019815, 0.2592219531970014, 0.14401257661732167, 0.2889803506285799, -0.43720005197577516, -0.23879401649306106, 0.10083772870513547, 0.16737836532146586, 0.07010979952676942, -0.031030282282947817, -0.294174309011644, 0.0366264118347317, -0.162053229927551, -0.19636810596354984, 0.014383208472281694, 0.10972356008873745, -0.12311946935105053, -0.14405330777464603, 0.0532266702608798, 0.10196210105839948, 0.09633506470973688, -0.07680783433236436, -0.11466188304290302, 0.03607558187054978, 0.15583330172706733, 0.1001706062432442, 0.14088982243662362, 0.14704980609398757, -0.09069338481905023, -0.10705922872082076, 0.37081883516458963, -0.006225562704705887, -0.03654724960638718, 0.20246621744379148, -0.1687298974297433, -0.13701371133687312, 0.16400086704578082, 0.1355458112243055, 0.08266875012883577, -0.1915385791164061, 0.040671594920488795, -0.009828457336301322, 0.17861013019864913, 0.10737895516848023, -0.036659661380161364, 0.27830896418626333, 0.1605046743564096, 0.0372181534925899, 0.07772724629136395, -0.12492151994427497, -0.062356642410370776, -0.18597642992178656, -0.13841553495678288, -0.12836550172704103, 0.07571328243267833, 0.01774630236848845, -0.05823086167220026, 0.3277418504717802, 0.18436962709000165, 0.18062770026947625, -0.04520579789426516, 0.27398866743103345, 0.07500229724973906, 0.08631589360513979, 0.12867547671141272, 0.3486079342070628, 0.10915145864551463, 0.188984548107328, -0.17931495437567885, 0.08048391077880462, 0.010689005213366314] |
709.1918 | Chaoticity for multi-class systems and exchangeability within classes | Classical results for exchangeable systems of random variables are extended
to multi-class systems satisfying a natural partial exchangeability assumption.
It is proved that the conditional law of a finite multi-class system, given the
value of the vector of the empirical measures of its classes, corresponds to
independent uniform orderings of the samples within each class, and that a
family of such systems converges in law if and only if the corresponding
empirical measure vectors converge in law. As a corollary, convergence within
each class to an infinite i.i.d. system implies asymptotic independence between
different classes. A result implying the Hewitt-Savage 0-1 Law is also
extended.
| math.PR | classical results for exchangeable systems of random variables are extended to multiclass systems satisfying a natural partial exchangeability assumption it is proved that the conditional law of a finite multiclass system given the value of the vector of the empirical measures of its classes corresponds to independent uniform orderings of the samples within each class and that a family of such systems converges in law if and only if the corresponding empirical measure vectors converge in law as a corollary convergence within each class to an infinite iid system implies asymptotic independence between different classes a result implying the hewittsavage 01 law is also extended | [['classical', 'results', 'for', 'exchangeable', 'systems', 'of', 'random', 'variables', 'are', 'extended', 'to', 'multiclass', 'systems', 'satisfying', 'a', 'natural', 'partial', 'exchangeability', 'assumption', 'it', 'is', 'proved', 'that', 'the', 'conditional', 'law', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'multiclass', 'system', 'given', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'vector', 'of', 'the', 'empirical', 'measures', 'of', 'its', 'classes', 'corresponds', 'to', 'independent', 'uniform', 'orderings', 'of', 'the', 'samples', 'within', 'each', 'class', 'and', 'that', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'such', 'systems', 'converges', 'in', 'law', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'the', 'corresponding', 'empirical', 'measure', 'vectors', 'converge', 'in', 'law', 'as', 'a', 'corollary', 'convergence', 'within', 'each', 'class', 'to', 'an', 'infinite', 'iid', 'system', 'implies', 'asymptotic', 'independence', 'between', 'different', 'classes', 'a', 'result', 'implying', 'the', 'hewittsavage', '01', 'law', 'is', 'also', 'extended']] | [-0.097055901329787, 0.10261134877371314, -0.1074465445553263, 0.07965109426350821, -0.030972549075349454, -0.14469049328638772, 0.08177145481652891, 0.32724501497688746, -0.29400042588157316, -0.24557017295710032, 0.09662639891972677, -0.28193630542872206, -0.10814664537597093, 0.1772649268109706, -0.09920291679778269, 0.08065623288830033, 0.042079363306540815, 0.10087378275625053, -0.06910000020261145, -0.2554506883823446, 0.3194459706101389, -0.03303279300175962, 0.3031204393776577, -0.04645877114630171, 0.16107852247854074, 0.01335148663659181, 0.00691557637016688, 0.058379527567220584, -0.09016296319466727, 0.08818850989586541, 0.22028464226140862, 0.13872258850155741, 0.31812063927451767, -0.2933057456499054, -0.1823162211193925, 0.19241203371701496, 0.10319422128211175, 0.030894027095997617, 0.01527869693402733, -0.26139364221266337, 0.14108119190094018, -0.18077833158230142, -0.16677548377109425, -0.033317943848669526, 0.0615775470311443, 0.10327562130987644, -0.3618602909059042, 0.09315722567511589, 0.170438513971333, 0.04123549865159605, -0.07656485363508442, -0.0998908812024941, -0.00831768668833233, 0.10513726133587105, 0.0700718085547643, 0.010837659084548553, 0.09474963166174434, -0.06237114989863975, -0.11517328109946989, 0.3497785492506366, -0.06105689987806337, -0.2323290110632245, 0.18842168792727448, -0.13587640614381857, -0.1942462624316769, 0.10068996796118361, 0.1512263952496661, 0.12068669079010197, -0.1492162918317176, 0.10297009929726343, -0.1442853188230878, 0.14924755317292043, 0.04115861523452969, 0.0540238428683508, 0.16759657526300067, 0.1159258707914324, 0.12827476656862669, 0.1791877538120995, -0.007793025521650201, -0.13396745283777514, -0.34743005785913694, -0.1510423665941094, -0.2134146767978867, 0.08510807511130614, -0.17476135430347528, -0.21108648149474035, 0.3090471511263223, 0.1122609929952194, 0.19311881090203922, 0.15938546879527468, 0.1986162051647192, 0.16624936271525387, 0.03019228885504639, 0.09124939661040636, 0.1271750473372993, 0.19473200745525815, 0.044093518881570724, -0.11118616671966655, 0.10962988477466362, 0.08701899886308681] |
709.1919 | Symmetric $\alpha$-stable subordinators and Cauchy problems | We survey the results in Nane (E. Nane, Higher order PDE's and iterated
processes, Trans. American Math. Soc. (to appear)) and Baeumer, Meerschaert,
and Nane (B. Baeumer, M.M. Meerschaert and E. Nane, Brownian subordinators and
fractional Cauchy problems: Submitted (2007)) which deal with PDE connection of
some iterated processes, and obtain a new probabilistic proof of the
equivalence of the higher order PDE's and fractional in time PDE's.
| math.PR math.AP | we survey the results in nane e nane higher order pdes and iterated processes trans american math soc to appear and baeumer meerschaert and nane b baeumer mm meerschaert and e nane brownian subordinators and fractional cauchy problems submitted 2007 which deal with pde connection of some iterated processes and obtain a new probabilistic proof of the equivalence of the higher order pdes and fractional in time pdes | [['we', 'survey', 'the', 'results', 'in', 'nane', 'e', 'nane', 'higher', 'order', 'pdes', 'and', 'iterated', 'processes', 'trans', 'american', 'math', 'soc', 'to', 'appear', 'and', 'baeumer', 'meerschaert', 'and', 'nane', 'b', 'baeumer', 'mm', 'meerschaert', 'and', 'e', 'nane', 'brownian', 'subordinators', 'and', 'fractional', 'cauchy', 'problems', 'submitted', '2007', 'which', 'deal', 'with', 'pde', 'connection', 'of', 'some', 'iterated', 'processes', 'and', 'obtain', 'a', 'new', 'probabilistic', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'equivalence', 'of', 'the', 'higher', 'order', 'pdes', 'and', 'fractional', 'in', 'time', 'pdes']] | [-0.08616862629595048, 0.04772136614466196, -0.044645429698421675, 0.05564809806973619, -0.10150721734252703, -0.12093027923530077, 0.011077019221642437, 0.2645615579779534, -0.27116061620386867, -0.31100794477114346, 0.14569741064470315, -0.2835841481710839, -0.135100721326821, 0.16410037332817035, -0.15698777244131848, 0.0943729378940428, 0.012867069077294539, -0.1407488788587644, -0.0034600931274540283, -0.2596220541060628, 0.21410660119727254, 0.010034381891326868, 0.12770388845135183, 0.01284391961663085, 0.15051394317518263, -0.0344023298650213, -0.164699868477114, -0.050006814314709866, -0.23825879086849883, 0.11510379809667082, 0.2982573961455594, -0.02182462255415671, 0.274649251738618, -0.36087339433074433, -0.11193412803592817, 0.09247236466035247, 0.04499220469391302, -0.05734333084546961, 0.08220964397632462, -0.3924557180143893, 0.017169075347791316, -0.16900796655510716, -0.12479338972993634, -0.030625339179738042, 0.1642412079279037, 0.10636216508882011, -0.3157828542513444, 0.14384985873338713, 0.16887044273864696, 0.08740305228104048, -0.07047527469694614, -0.1946037066552569, -0.05686902133953374, -0.032060072836055255, 0.007468291366582408, 0.04145640012232915, 0.05597202593515463, -0.06115765247137889, -0.24562537252409933, 0.33288722225081396, -0.09451575602767714, -0.1870970146264881, 0.2131318288088283, -0.15572801362449193, -0.16034568905118196, 0.1382691340318963, 0.22784577336107545, 0.1444016847321216, -0.1356096671661362, 0.18638622988895376, -0.01956752452722011, 0.08664461436188396, 0.1695029412752346, -0.04002518195878057, 0.024787338375223473, 0.05384362044552451, 0.10279193468501463, 0.058469978575457764, -0.03662010087111198, -0.15741743267897298, -0.29117317960652356, -0.235526361502707, -0.053599919411627686, 0.12977289424880462, -0.10775223935407292, -0.1302080678424853, 0.2700743436238126, 0.1197190150645945, 0.12305344103301383, 0.10120794583995388, 0.06691237260340988, 0.20314270579461557, -0.09953957451216411, 0.07861610371208586, 0.14298551794961575, 0.23673364194110036, 0.237631135757136, -0.15335745932808256, -0.025769914299256496, 0.17206499789266244] |
709.192 | Bandwidth selection for kernel estimation in mixed multi-dimensional
spaces | Kernel estimation techniques, such as mean shift, suffer from one major
drawback: the kernel bandwidth selection. The bandwidth can be fixed for all
the data set or can vary at each points. Automatic bandwidth selection becomes
a real challenge in case of multidimensional heterogeneous features. This paper
presents a solution to this problem. It is an extension of \cite{Comaniciu03a}
which was based on the fundamental property of normal distributions regarding
the bias of the normalized density gradient. The selection is done iteratively
for each type of features, by looking for the stability of local bandwidth
estimates across a predefined range of bandwidths. A pseudo balloon mean shift
filtering and partitioning are introduced. The validity of the method is
demonstrated in the context of color image segmentation based on a
5-dimensional space.
| cs.CV | kernel estimation techniques such as mean shift suffer from one major drawback the kernel bandwidth selection the bandwidth can be fixed for all the data set or can vary at each points automatic bandwidth selection becomes a real challenge in case of multidimensional heterogeneous features this paper presents a solution to this problem it is an extension of citecomaniciu03a which was based on the fundamental property of normal distributions regarding the bias of the normalized density gradient the selection is done iteratively for each type of features by looking for the stability of local bandwidth estimates across a predefined range of bandwidths a pseudo balloon mean shift filtering and partitioning are introduced the validity of the method is demonstrated in the context of color image segmentation based on a 5dimensional space | [['kernel', 'estimation', 'techniques', 'such', 'as', 'mean', 'shift', 'suffer', 'from', 'one', 'major', 'drawback', 'the', 'kernel', 'bandwidth', 'selection', 'the', 'bandwidth', 'can', 'be', 'fixed', 'for', 'all', 'the', 'data', 'set', 'or', 'can', 'vary', 'at', 'each', 'points', 'automatic', 'bandwidth', 'selection', 'becomes', 'a', 'real', 'challenge', 'in', 'case', 'of', 'multidimensional', 'heterogeneous', 'features', 'this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'solution', 'to', 'this', 'problem', 'it', 'is', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'citecomaniciu03a', 'which', 'was', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'fundamental', 'property', 'of', 'normal', 'distributions', 'regarding', 'the', 'bias', 'of', 'the', 'normalized', 'density', 'gradient', 'the', 'selection', 'is', 'done', 'iteratively', 'for', 'each', 'type', 'of', 'features', 'by', 'looking', 'for', 'the', 'stability', 'of', 'local', 'bandwidth', 'estimates', 'across', 'a', 'predefined', 'range', 'of', 'bandwidths', 'a', 'pseudo', 'balloon', 'mean', 'shift', 'filtering', 'and', 'partitioning', 'are', 'introduced', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'color', 'image', 'segmentation', 'based', 'on', 'a', '5dimensional', 'space']] | [-0.09471650378366646, 0.0434830430726064, -0.06845499576929097, 0.040059138460156435, -0.10406080313707487, -0.10205645436206116, 0.05790020321907762, 0.4017673046184847, -0.29035790612061435, -0.29628001312510327, 0.14207112366655986, -0.24956525501329452, -0.1070879761219168, 0.1965186428404055, -0.11042073965968134, 0.06603813890296106, 0.0632285716638972, 0.05186222094612626, -0.07849973103461358, -0.23012882431682485, 0.3197515339268228, 0.05221312293209709, 0.3523889670506693, 0.009633404014703747, 0.11915078933547753, 0.04792445804923773, -0.06258718170306216, 0.019825407364540016, -0.07540267866570502, 0.1308877816137213, 0.24410339125002234, 0.13491603724586848, 0.36120230778335377, -0.31029612639775644, -0.2527257621216659, 0.130483047116118, 0.13043487439863383, 0.08815211977791758, -0.03849468386660402, -0.2578198035014793, 0.11447917096173534, -0.13822858016646933, -0.09109855233691633, -0.028515549140194288, -0.030398912996483538, 0.029623133078432427, -0.3057457954694445, 0.07295557408092114, 0.040913669702310404, 0.059129873390954275, -0.05406759110494302, -0.1233917354982203, 0.020311045203393756, 0.1340530220311708, 0.008444691264930252, 0.01961001080031005, 0.11981006378840763, -0.12828887581753617, -0.09474331670387004, 0.3813819533213973, -0.04787460113159166, -0.22231225669831753, 0.1444630708760367, -0.054111606982321696, -0.10952891625034121, 0.12452889398600046, 0.1726084127663993, 0.1100131382735876, -0.14948749150364446, 0.07765925912356648, -0.01354563055613723, 0.17147939734590742, 0.07835455893252331, 0.01680993131863383, 0.17997693690972832, 0.20274395307239432, 0.12477825451060198, 0.13453910310949702, -0.14262233723599752, -0.059162078719013016, -0.2960383054800332, -0.11771892578914188, -0.22105529678430266, -0.018546818277368753, -0.11141726800515943, -0.19614685325381848, 0.4272204666291005, 0.1449234563803587, 0.2295251150543873, 0.04717987134869103, 0.3159344216468386, 0.15484849912519658, 0.0995332256747553, 0.05730416970685698, 0.17922119094291702, 0.06948719929294804, 0.07558672235418971, -0.19617923625046388, 0.07635629148795628, 0.08264801861503376] |
709.1921 | Albedos and diameters of three Mars Trojan asteroids | We observed the Mars Trojan asteroids (5261) Eureka and (101429) 1998 VF31
and the candidate Mars Trojan 2001 FR127 at 11.2 and 18.1 microns using
Michelle on the Gemini North telescope. We derive diameters of 1.28, 0.78, and
<0.52 km, respectively, with corresponding geometric visible albedos of 0.39,
0.32, and >0.14. The albedos for Eureka and 1998 VF31 are consistent with the
taxonomic classes and compositions (S(I)/angritic and S(VII)/achrondritic,
respectively) and implied histories presented in a companion paper by Rivkin et
al. Eureka's surface likely has a relatively high thermal inertia, implying a
thin regolith that is consistent with predictions and the small size that we
derive.
| astro-ph | we observed the mars trojan asteroids 5261 eureka and 101429 1998 vf31 and the candidate mars trojan 2001 fr127 at 112 and 181 microns using michelle on the gemini north telescope we derive diameters of 128 078 and 052 km respectively with corresponding geometric visible albedos of 039 032 and 014 the albedos for eureka and 1998 vf31 are consistent with the taxonomic classes and compositions siangritic and sviiachrondritic respectively and implied histories presented in a companion paper by rivkin et al eurekas surface likely has a relatively high thermal inertia implying a thin regolith that is consistent with predictions and the small size that we derive | [['we', 'observed', 'the', 'mars', 'trojan', 'asteroids', '5261', 'eureka', 'and', '101429', '1998', 'vf31', 'and', 'the', 'candidate', 'mars', 'trojan', '2001', 'fr127', 'at', '112', 'and', '181', 'microns', 'using', 'michelle', 'on', 'the', 'gemini', 'north', 'telescope', 'we', 'derive', 'diameters', 'of', '128', '078', 'and', '052', 'km', 'respectively', 'with', 'corresponding', 'geometric', 'visible', 'albedos', 'of', '039', '032', 'and', '014', 'the', 'albedos', 'for', 'eureka', 'and', '1998', 'vf31', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'taxonomic', 'classes', 'and', 'compositions', 'siangritic', 'and', 'sviiachrondritic', 'respectively', 'and', 'implied', 'histories', 'presented', 'in', 'a', 'companion', 'paper', 'by', 'rivkin', 'et', 'al', 'eurekas', 'surface', 'likely', 'has', 'a', 'relatively', 'high', 'thermal', 'inertia', 'implying', 'a', 'thin', 'regolith', 'that', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'predictions', 'and', 'the', 'small', 'size', 'that', 'we', 'derive']] | [-0.03340999966558929, 0.16468864007150003, -0.10121015363928074, 0.019249797419224005, -0.045282258674538195, -0.07176852992359692, 0.0706912752995357, 0.3467890277433281, -0.1172983557536589, -0.43655438237608624, 0.11476794085263883, -0.3082556707533793, -0.10175427149246949, 0.17772030796354207, -0.19396271753626373, -0.00016581757406059367, 0.09273196329685071, -0.1456617163718105, -0.004186792975255789, -0.22142190567683429, 0.1527597545175992, 0.1037436241346698, 0.13330140927596054, 0.012002749580110854, 0.12922503655919662, -0.05514540745375248, -0.02630576698216968, -0.04133272420417947, -0.24762998417071896, 0.10177981330511662, 0.1787180862223837, 0.0497760635917075, 0.12298255268699275, -0.2778410438824302, -0.12173830860858569, 0.020795654924138665, 0.03784699710488964, -0.038326587178744376, -0.001840277764131315, -0.3118950720952573, 0.12823433596461725, -0.22304048733069345, -0.15552308204888293, 0.07518327072298583, 0.15164323418866843, -0.006932676975758603, -0.2508407268665346, 0.12353568002492046, 0.012477608630433679, 0.1706893976437501, -0.18097460557832024, -0.27979638273917284, -0.1276857737248065, 0.04615643696160987, -0.03630510441143997, 0.03172085907471438, 0.12300419415651749, 0.01743151280634965, -0.025963895264654778, 0.40924493478534996, -0.07941191726758216, 0.036598213641599826, 0.24538444819000477, -0.16950065232007405, -0.12788736688134333, 0.17820018523203685, 0.14474542121976042, 0.12477564034410395, -0.1394290296593681, 0.030291232380617518, -0.05516019391003423, 0.21554150273942257, 0.12537052068196666, 0.027555595913257163, 0.29104945978794533, 0.08754699924051798, -0.008691802549247559, 0.04059217813818787, -0.31153440786203224, -0.040079388642670195, -0.1727983595013099, -0.12435604232954435, -0.13183471034370506, 0.032661465906130616, -0.12820683796123306, -0.06318738981365012, 0.31411641623484543, 0.10930838020375142, 0.21944421710661396, 0.10360817166208737, 0.21540433389824243, 0.009865008294582367, 0.050951727625663176, 0.1504415222309315, 0.31208090176089454, 0.11521720287139313, 0.09090089370161317, -0.16470041422871873, 0.07978206375040688, 0.004461475262919871] |
709.1922 | An Alternative Model for the Tidal Evolution of the Earth-Moon-Sun
System | We have found that the expansion of the universe has immense consequences on
our local systems. We present a model based on cosmic expansion that fits well
with observation. The close approach problem inflicting tidal theory is averted
in this model. We have shown that the astronomical and geological changes of
our local systems are of the order of Hubble constant.
| astro-ph | we have found that the expansion of the universe has immense consequences on our local systems we present a model based on cosmic expansion that fits well with observation the close approach problem inflicting tidal theory is averted in this model we have shown that the astronomical and geological changes of our local systems are of the order of hubble constant | [['we', 'have', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'has', 'immense', 'consequences', 'on', 'our', 'local', 'systems', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'model', 'based', 'on', 'cosmic', 'expansion', 'that', 'fits', 'well', 'with', 'observation', 'the', 'close', 'approach', 'problem', 'inflicting', 'tidal', 'theory', 'is', 'averted', 'in', 'this', 'model', 'we', 'have', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'astronomical', 'and', 'geological', 'changes', 'of', 'our', 'local', 'systems', 'are', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'hubble', 'constant']] | [-0.10654499667856965, 0.05910184371788971, -0.1432868992436494, 0.03601897302556966, -0.05453716227632077, -0.014238802448953272, -0.006285996552266669, 0.35469489669824233, -0.2340810004560674, -0.30610735009073237, 0.12158526175800467, -0.27209017645628725, -0.19824884364717318, 0.2064728138540856, -0.023393843979498403, 0.01662942342704437, 0.048278070177088996, 0.04536549566832722, -0.03722700368628272, -0.3098169120303432, 0.3139595086438215, 0.09642246904492867, 0.23565946723197084, 0.04446840765656995, 0.11609877453597843, -0.060685521396273964, -0.05337573572626857, 0.04098401530111422, -0.16366499864873688, 0.1373964484055101, 0.16543888406766977, 0.13161466414009634, 0.2688011960660825, -0.43684820589594175, -0.2790090082457564, 0.10025367253750074, 0.14074105473968093, 0.14176219878107554, -0.06062770706265554, -0.2569514318506737, 0.08246231184447886, -0.20816604576272066, -0.10394339559630292, -0.08498801883561995, 0.014400418450842138, 0.02106215081131849, -0.22597731362845078, 0.12031010980336149, 0.023922968932549606, 0.0334539095962756, -0.14711391483815234, -0.0672520194584351, 0.03677464128838333, 0.10978680606320744, 0.09248125108081054, 0.038883626606071094, 0.10907587025039753, -0.09650445572237988, -0.0906853439003901, 0.42247387728669117, -0.09884029487338772, -0.0947762952857941, 0.20191296288117644, -0.17450029490759872, -0.16678637099742402, 0.06351884297614337, 0.151907904073596, 0.10660748725726468, -0.12225294589126086, 0.13950715698664398, -0.047167049690348205, 0.15022502487647485, 0.015042141011198525, 0.023344308740963212, 0.25910211778932907, 0.182371990365877, 0.04732148866092817, 0.08038389985067923, -0.09030056102812047, -0.06546169659886204, -0.29538248143479473, -0.08573947248877346, -0.19292731730450616, 0.030927088325385186, -0.10936302964200578, -0.1710005552201631, 0.36008455767677944, 0.19896575816158876, 0.20007398649744812, 0.03416913876798554, 0.2814290773917417, 0.10688031430081388, 0.09187402874307676, 0.055309696451256996, 0.30475135230016515, 0.07541052832222375, 0.10612226077584458, -0.22491609095214088, 0.11958873154381748, 0.03433087326158754] |
709.1923 | Can Inflation Induce Supersymmetry Breaking in a Metastable Vacuum? | We argue that fields responsible for inflation and supersymmetry breaking are
connected by gravitational couplings. In view of the recent progress in
studying supersymmetry breaking in a metastable vacuum, we have shown that in
models of supersymmetric hybrid inflation, where R-symmetry plays an important
role, the scale of supersymmetry breaking is generated dynamically at the end
of inflation and turns out to be consistent with gravity mediation.
| hep-ph | we argue that fields responsible for inflation and supersymmetry breaking are connected by gravitational couplings in view of the recent progress in studying supersymmetry breaking in a metastable vacuum we have shown that in models of supersymmetric hybrid inflation where rsymmetry plays an important role the scale of supersymmetry breaking is generated dynamically at the end of inflation and turns out to be consistent with gravity mediation | [['we', 'argue', 'that', 'fields', 'responsible', 'for', 'inflation', 'and', 'supersymmetry', 'breaking', 'are', 'connected', 'by', 'gravitational', 'couplings', 'in', 'view', 'of', 'the', 'recent', 'progress', 'in', 'studying', 'supersymmetry', 'breaking', 'in', 'a', 'metastable', 'vacuum', 'we', 'have', 'shown', 'that', 'in', 'models', 'of', 'supersymmetric', 'hybrid', 'inflation', 'where', 'rsymmetry', 'plays', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'the', 'scale', 'of', 'supersymmetry', 'breaking', 'is', 'generated', 'dynamically', 'at', 'the', 'end', 'of', 'inflation', 'and', 'turns', 'out', 'to', 'be', 'consistent', 'with', 'gravity', 'mediation']] | [-0.18340807405140586, 0.2690406422456118, -0.07419941278257922, 0.12428504774918599, -0.057541174306742736, -0.14815509555958656, -0.06970472825663303, 0.3482382764845197, -0.18427364264072768, -0.28428691378169096, 0.11688532877310331, -0.1845886478367359, -0.1714384923758569, 0.10195017922947656, -0.02643823586126317, 0.0207409770158467, -0.014565901733490068, -0.007689166827989158, -0.005697917631034975, -0.24599472850338736, 0.3368581078751986, 0.07553548301889826, 0.2376746158324071, 0.05275967362712124, 0.08178646417348576, -0.08155271386616487, 0.017909446453203016, -0.04476776420062324, -0.09481696048582063, 0.1002501498268389, 0.20639187537044426, 0.06973080110472085, 0.1911059845683735, -0.44649516293473207, -0.2492477740369626, 0.16431684272169178, 0.17740728745737405, 0.1679726121808166, -0.11689935413314335, -0.2989511344192633, 0.09569658045031464, -0.1468952755902463, -0.12058146773323195, -0.09800765517431853, 0.005218250961946462, -0.18820026236127563, -0.30472019873211964, 0.08205074926928631, -0.025033136779345128, 0.04126476944048903, -0.007148494061305007, -0.025288176246738032, -0.12709851074379994, 0.013015736916116369, 0.21656683221834697, 0.042742094184869704, 0.15983185504299047, -0.2535107909882469, -0.13976749875096242, 0.4350879114718913, -0.09460241918855194, -0.11885430129703635, 0.1275454365766482, -0.08536995032718822, -0.2728024864666609, 0.11321064339144461, 0.11698784432790951, 0.10589404470884978, -0.11141728199740399, 0.22006998719723977, 0.04052556588300573, 0.12419835685877435, 0.0957268793205383, 0.05146997109222323, 0.3918407823501238, 0.20491200920416794, 0.06155748094376454, 0.1281681785328703, 0.03287359657905885, -0.1576785739205444, -0.45034046165311514, -0.09108833444596671, -0.10119385931140451, 0.06547316144317833, -0.07068451974886719, -0.07634060520030655, 0.3728077268895151, 0.18331698996862814, 0.19598057612415348, 0.017842878736321007, 0.15467505439865722, 0.08548859855222668, 0.1375182088492299, 0.014377065343476499, 0.3393562108333876, 0.08942805325487323, 0.0911291789145334, -0.24437118358493073, -0.0730145593749797, 0.07537569683184152] |
709.1924 | Effective Dielectric Tensor for Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in
Random Media | We derive exact strong-contrast expansions for the effective dielectric
tensor $\epeff$ of electromagnetic waves propagating in a two-phase composite
random medium with isotropic components explicitly in terms of certain
integrals over the $n$-point correlation functions of the medium. Our focus is
the long-wavelength regime, i.e., when the wavelength is much larger than the
scale of inhomogeneities in the medium. Lower-order truncations of these
expansions lead to approximations for the effective dielectric constant that
depend upon whether the medium is below or above the percolation threshold. In
particular, we apply two- and three-point approximations for $\epeff$ to a
variety of different three-dimensional model microstructures, including
dispersions of hard spheres, hard oriented spheroids and fully penetrable
spheres as well as Debye random media, the random checkerboard, and
power-law-correlated materials. We demonstrate the importance of employing
$n$-point correlation functions of order higher than two for high
dielectric-phase-contrast ratio. We show that disorder in the microstructure
results in an imaginary component of the effective dielectric tensor that is
directly related to the {\it coarseness} of the composite, i.e., local
volume-fraction fluctuations for infinitely large windows. The source of this
imaginary component is the attenuation of the coherent homogenized wave due to
scattering. We also remark on whether there is such attenuation in the case of
a two-phase medium with a quasiperiodic structure.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.other | we derive exact strongcontrast expansions for the effective dielectric tensor epeff of electromagnetic waves propagating in a twophase composite random medium with isotropic components explicitly in terms of certain integrals over the npoint correlation functions of the medium our focus is the longwavelength regime ie when the wavelength is much larger than the scale of inhomogeneities in the medium lowerorder truncations of these expansions lead to approximations for the effective dielectric constant that depend upon whether the medium is below or above the percolation threshold in particular we apply two and threepoint approximations for epeff to a variety of different threedimensional model microstructures including dispersions of hard spheres hard oriented spheroids and fully penetrable spheres as well as debye random media the random checkerboard and powerlawcorrelated materials we demonstrate the importance of employing npoint correlation functions of order higher than two for high dielectricphasecontrast ratio we show that disorder in the microstructure results in an imaginary component of the effective dielectric tensor that is directly related to the it coarseness of the composite ie local volumefraction fluctuations for infinitely large windows the source of this imaginary component is the attenuation of the coherent homogenized wave due to scattering we also remark on whether there is such attenuation in the case of a twophase medium with a quasiperiodic structure | [['we', 'derive', 'exact', 'strongcontrast', 'expansions', 'for', 'the', 'effective', 'dielectric', 'tensor', 'epeff', 'of', 'electromagnetic', 'waves', 'propagating', 'in', 'a', 'twophase', 'composite', 'random', 'medium', 'with', 'isotropic', 'components', 'explicitly', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'certain', 'integrals', 'over', 'the', 'npoint', 'correlation', 'functions', 'of', 'the', 'medium', 'our', 'focus', 'is', 'the', 'longwavelength', 'regime', 'ie', 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'dielectricphasecontrast', 'ratio', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'disorder', 'in', 'the', 'microstructure', 'results', 'in', 'an', 'imaginary', 'component', 'of', 'the', 'effective', 'dielectric', 'tensor', 'that', 'is', 'directly', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'it', 'coarseness', 'of', 'the', 'composite', 'ie', 'local', 'volumefraction', 'fluctuations', 'for', 'infinitely', 'large', 'windows', 'the', 'source', 'of', 'this', 'imaginary', 'component', 'is', 'the', 'attenuation', 'of', 'the', 'coherent', 'homogenized', 'wave', 'due', 'to', 'scattering', 'we', 'also', 'remark', 'on', 'whether', 'there', 'is', 'such', 'attenuation', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'twophase', 'medium', 'with', 'a', 'quasiperiodic', 'structure']] | [-0.13474553726857233, 0.182908717839433, -0.0678537011899437, 0.07353362616937102, -0.047778014157285095, -0.053738296198414935, -0.01667328957668462, 0.4087877079113343, -0.2380317221819989, -0.24324200550098599, 0.08558504340928658, -0.28756816055469003, 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709.1925 | Composition of the L5 Mars Trojans: Neighbors, not Siblings | Mars is the only terrestrial planet known to have Tro jan (co-orbiting)
asteroids, with a confirmed population of at least 4 objects. The origin of
these objects is not known; while several have orbits that are stable on
solar-system timescales, work by Rivkin et al. (2003) showed they have
compositions that suggest separate origins from one another. We have obtained
infrared (0.8-2.5 micron) spectroscopy of the two largest L5 Mars Tro jans, and
confirm and extend the results of Rivkin et al. (2003). We suggest that the
differentiated angrite meteorites are good spectral analogs for 5261 Eureka,
the largest Mars Trojan. Meteorite analogs for 101429 1998 VF31 are more varied
and include primitive achondrites and mesosiderites.
| astro-ph | mars is the only terrestrial planet known to have tro jan coorbiting asteroids with a confirmed population of at least 4 objects the origin of these objects is not known while several have orbits that are stable on solarsystem timescales work by rivkin et al 2003 showed they have compositions that suggest separate origins from one another we have obtained infrared 0825 micron spectroscopy of the two largest l5 mars tro jans and confirm and extend the results of rivkin et al 2003 we suggest that the differentiated angrite meteorites are good spectral analogs for 5261 eureka the largest mars trojan meteorite analogs for 101429 1998 vf31 are more varied and include primitive achondrites and mesosiderites | [['mars', 'is', 'the', 'only', 'terrestrial', 'planet', 'known', 'to', 'have', 'tro', 'jan', 'coorbiting', 'asteroids', 'with', 'a', 'confirmed', 'population', 'of', 'at', 'least', '4', 'objects', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'these', 'objects', 'is', 'not', 'known', 'while', 'several', 'have', 'orbits', 'that', 'are', 'stable', 'on', 'solarsystem', 'timescales', 'work', 'by', 'rivkin', 'et', 'al', '2003', 'showed', 'they', 'have', 'compositions', 'that', 'suggest', 'separate', 'origins', 'from', 'one', 'another', 'we', 'have', 'obtained', 'infrared', '0825', 'micron', 'spectroscopy', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'largest', 'l5', 'mars', 'tro', 'jans', 'and', 'confirm', 'and', 'extend', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'rivkin', 'et', 'al', '2003', 'we', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'differentiated', 'angrite', 'meteorites', 'are', 'good', 'spectral', 'analogs', 'for', '5261', 'eureka', 'the', 'largest', 'mars', 'trojan', 'meteorite', 'analogs', 'for', '101429', '1998', 'vf31', 'are', 'more', 'varied', 'and', 'include', 'primitive', 'achondrites', 'and', 'mesosiderites']] | [-0.051470028027213864, 0.1411275663089169, -0.1041296259459594, 0.06544612287746175, -0.05692324067425469, -0.05343198433275456, 0.012009966235769831, 0.3418448630882346, -0.1411073332844788, -0.36757351949649014, 0.114267207864348, -0.3171759625005981, -0.17581799406072368, 0.23341150627997906, -0.1621680602269328, 0.000980824022806938, 0.1052745597841947, -0.1043048972375286, 0.02876686061195948, -0.3096998236425545, 0.23402375649336887, 0.05639943539812837, 0.06114627944163816, -0.052702528886173085, 0.032298106830769585, -0.08572486800182125, -0.055360686819514504, -0.04864559523437334, -0.19309350648868334, 0.07829898416024188, 0.21640318917191548, 0.12179639943187004, 0.16275874902696713, -0.36841129365822545, -0.23584360732879164, 0.06538916285068769, 0.06760751017490807, 0.010868192032870391, -0.018594080986804328, -0.2908910288272992, 0.12489898449680566, -0.19450752495018683, -0.1408311045323701, 0.0058299462027523825, 0.12401986343219229, 0.028805984527824204, -0.20408899654107898, 0.07465394792430427, 0.0815417564203254, 0.13798979213056356, -0.14264048764320172, -0.26441202692525545, -0.11599822535139064, 0.12047737417540148, -0.011623987502863874, -0.04939666813360932, 0.10464072583810143, 0.031659333011054475, -0.11789813743013403, 0.37204810278895106, -0.019048555875601975, 0.03187996091968987, 0.30931363775516335, -0.1976928614444383, -0.18101064598430758, 0.1778600122374685, 0.09491243222323449, 0.14473147864413002, -0.15128045375256435, 0.0609470573172945, -0.1185003163293004, 0.16758199270343935, 0.16369483924227887, 0.033680990544836156, 0.2768026051880873, 0.0650838493693458, 0.021658582118866235, 0.006345700183073464, -0.16157692805863916, -0.04794416528134404, -0.14731297462409282, -0.16166308959946035, -0.1561598439781886, 0.022313052594140376, -0.029195828395187046, -0.08955729611056007, 0.27396996433482224, 0.13924283645642194, 0.18262016315661048, 0.025067690400528194, 0.18264394270499115, -0.01337825732872538, 0.08211564110875454, 0.12403951182799494, 0.3565799366763752, 0.07794311170709198, 0.08175802297849694, -0.16925830431080058, 0.09965104225860989, 0.05496263487831406] |
709.1926 | Distances to Galactic high-velocity clouds. I. Cohen Stream, complex
GCP, cloud g1 | The high- and intermediate-velocity interstellar clouds (HVCs/IVCs) are
tracers of energetic processes in and around the Milky Way. Clouds with
near-solar metallicity about one kpc above the disk trace the circulation of
material between disk and halo (the Galactic Fountain). The Magellanic Stream
consists of gas tidally extracted from the SMC, tracing the dark matter
potential of the Milky Way. Several other HVCs have low-metallicity and appear
to trace the continuing accretion of infalling intergalactic gas. These
assertions are supported by the metallicities (0.1 to 1 solar) measured for
about ten clouds in the past decade. Direct measurements of distances to HVCs
have remained elusive, however. In this paper we present four new distance
brackets, using VLT observations of interstellar \CaII H and K absorption
toward distant Galactic halo stars. We derive distance brackets of 5.0 to 11.7
kpc for the Cohen Stream (likely to be an infalling low-metallicity cloud), 9.8
to 15.1 kpc for complex GCP (also known as the Smith Cloud or HVC40-15+100 and
with still unknown origin), 1.0 to 2.7 kpc for an IVC that appears associated
with the return flow of the Fountain in the Perseus Arm, and 1.8 to 3.8 kpc for
cloud g1, which appears to be in the outflow phase of the Fountain. Our
measurements further demonstrate that the Milky Way is accreting substantial
amounts of gaseous material, which influences the Galaxy's current and future
dynamical and chemical evolution.
| astro-ph | the high and intermediatevelocity interstellar clouds hvcsivcs are tracers of energetic processes in and around the milky way clouds with nearsolar metallicity about one kpc above the disk trace the circulation of material between disk and halo the galactic fountain the magellanic stream consists of gas tidally extracted from the smc tracing the dark matter potential of the milky way several other hvcs have lowmetallicity and appear to trace the continuing accretion of infalling intergalactic gas these assertions are supported by the metallicities 01 to 1 solar measured for about ten clouds in the past decade direct measurements of distances to hvcs have remained elusive however in this paper we present four new distance brackets using vlt observations of interstellar caii h and k absorption toward distant galactic halo stars we derive distance brackets of 50 to 117 kpc for the cohen stream likely to be an infalling lowmetallicity cloud 98 to 151 kpc for complex gcp also known as the smith cloud or hvc4015100 and with still unknown origin 10 to 27 kpc for an ivc that appears associated with the return flow of the fountain in the perseus arm and 18 to 38 kpc for cloud g1 which appears to be in the outflow phase of the fountain our measurements further demonstrate that the milky way is accreting substantial amounts of gaseous material which influences the galaxys current and future dynamical and chemical evolution | [['the', 'high', 'and', 'intermediatevelocity', 'interstellar', 'clouds', 'hvcsivcs', 'are', 'tracers', 'of', 'energetic', 'processes', 'in', 'and', 'around', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'clouds', 'with', 'nearsolar', 'metallicity', 'about', 'one', 'kpc', 'above', 'the', 'disk', 'trace', 'the', 'circulation', 'of', 'material', 'between', 'disk', 'and', 'halo', 'the', 'galactic', 'fountain', 'the', 'magellanic', 'stream', 'consists', 'of', 'gas', 'tidally', 'extracted', 'from', 'the', 'smc', 'tracing', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'potential', 'of', 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709.1927 | Interplay of Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions in graphene | We consider mutual effect of the electron-phonon and strong Coulomb
interactions on each other by summing up leading logarithmic corrections via
the renormalization group approach. We find that the Coulomb interaction
enhances electron coupling to the intervalley A1 optical phonons, but not to
the intravalley E2 phonons.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we consider mutual effect of the electronphonon and strong coulomb interactions on each other by summing up leading logarithmic corrections via the renormalization group approach we find that the coulomb interaction enhances electron coupling to the intervalley a1 optical phonons but not to the intravalley e2 phonons | [['we', 'consider', 'mutual', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'electronphonon', 'and', 'strong', 'coulomb', 'interactions', 'on', 'each', 'other', 'by', 'summing', 'up', 'leading', 'logarithmic', 'corrections', 'via', 'the', 'renormalization', 'group', 'approach', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'coulomb', 'interaction', 'enhances', 'electron', 'coupling', 'to', 'the', 'intervalley', 'a1', 'optical', 'phonons', 'but', 'not', 'to', 'the', 'intravalley', 'e2', 'phonons']] | [-0.19127926021873792, 0.2282093768899745, -0.0317805906264805, 0.08743057755674137, -0.04776953636331761, -0.1818925523139695, 0.08517058411962353, 0.40482539972884857, -0.3019168840007896, -0.21079440644763886, -0.11144399258526082, -0.3966780590250137, -0.14355935029526976, 0.12349509158508575, 0.11495772891856254, -0.07361016232282558, 0.007513404368086064, -0.01886367793888488, -0.05791679502989938, -0.23406958371955663, 0.3215807481332028, 0.0267628559327506, 0.2660723876683636, 0.24426317270448866, 0.03736089877387945, 0.12870515749215128, 0.040658732955443096, -0.051062483300871035, -0.11263590724720803, 0.06586677139189015, 0.20717273783458873, -0.20512185617290596, 0.25006067966844175, -0.4358955965714252, -0.1860564089717066, 0.041541482331825696, 0.1920446657199175, 0.18776472062466942, -0.02676122672509085, -0.290644902121672, -0.03225144975263863, -0.2304128295880683, -0.05432148821691566, -0.11295502741840925, 0.019755684433782353, -0.009564683554654426, -0.29288329872639574, 0.14072110065992208, 0.02796494556551284, -0.03205950949539212, -0.05543393428199627, -0.05935622681368222, -0.0541268748013263, 0.11671390005962011, 0.12157913230785584, 0.02659795969288717, 0.18137731718176858, -0.1212914515128161, -0.08769385381898981, 0.40382433936316914, -0.09922306790472345, -0.12081689070513908, 0.17065297675497354, -0.1863418032930411, -0.04258680821178441, 0.1989153690160589, 0.1126663385236517, 0.05516678528696735, -0.13643308207789, 0.12902944824197626, 0.06919141636883959, 0.12158853419996957, 0.0378777581326505, 0.13267158164068105, 0.1370537025616207, 0.06349076098821899, 0.03518671798024406, 0.07404328149649256, -0.09482642002106506, -0.03386453010062588, -0.283343401836588, -0.042753072653679135, -0.1700555658602017, 0.09416657929498197, -0.12509587062293653, -0.12516993383302333, 0.3361709784317583, 0.16205806659405775, 0.16913966863277427, 0.0033803119304332326, 0.27501708816023585, 0.17312171948241425, 0.1684702291609125, 0.013028519723485125, 0.367291793029042, 0.1586312098042207, -0.0072988044034610405, -0.4232778980376873, -0.027130840058894233, 0.12159019198387544] |
709.1928 | On the naturalness of Einstein's equation | We compute all 2-covariant tensors naturally constructed from a
semiriemannian metric which are divergence-free and have weight greater than
-2.
As a consequence, it follows a characterization of the Einstein tensor as the
only, up to a constant factor, 2-covariant tensor naturally constructed from a
semiriemannian metric which is divergence-free and has weight 0 (i.e., is
independent of the unit of scale). Since these two conditions are also
satisfied by the energy-momentum tensor of a relativistic space-time, we
discuss in detail how these theorems lead to the field equation of General
Relativity.
| gr-qc math.DG | we compute all 2covariant tensors naturally constructed from a semiriemannian metric which are divergencefree and have weight greater than 2 as a consequence it follows a characterization of the einstein tensor as the only up to a constant factor 2covariant tensor naturally constructed from a semiriemannian metric which is divergencefree and has weight 0 ie is independent of the unit of scale since these two conditions are also satisfied by the energymomentum tensor of a relativistic spacetime we discuss in detail how these theorems lead to the field equation of general relativity | [['we', 'compute', 'all', '2covariant', 'tensors', 'naturally', 'constructed', 'from', 'a', 'semiriemannian', 'metric', 'which', 'are', 'divergencefree', 'and', 'have', 'weight', 'greater', 'than', '2', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'it', 'follows', 'a', 'characterization', 'of', 'the', 'einstein', 'tensor', 'as', 'the', 'only', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'constant', 'factor', '2covariant', 'tensor', 'naturally', 'constructed', 'from', 'a', 'semiriemannian', 'metric', 'which', 'is', 'divergencefree', 'and', 'has', 'weight', '0', 'ie', 'is', 'independent', 'of', 'the', 'unit', 'of', 'scale', 'since', 'these', 'two', 'conditions', 'are', 'also', 'satisfied', 'by', 'the', 'energymomentum', 'tensor', 'of', 'a', 'relativistic', 'spacetime', 'we', 'discuss', 'in', 'detail', 'how', 'these', 'theorems', 'lead', 'to', 'the', 'field', 'equation', 'of', 'general', 'relativity']] | [-0.14030895983476355, 0.14417757145027912, -0.0783181092499391, 0.054615908527605075, -0.11434584379489736, -0.13145359248965574, -0.08140497117141343, 0.3339086537168402, -0.2586572081984385, -0.24576395622495076, 0.12061685296256379, -0.22915032306564567, -0.15997576507051353, 0.1565184430219233, -0.0328447578118041, 0.0037551715808070226, 0.026668793562313785, 0.0988060862392835, -0.12153958505950868, -0.22721482264687834, 0.4275857204490382, 0.041909867411722306, 0.2269043365250463, 0.03909967499582664, 0.16775277687196175, -0.05600048455855121, -0.031158292342139328, 0.08810837676181742, -0.11740553985430818, 0.09398092073388398, 0.2258676902603601, 0.12981784603684704, 0.22891472470339225, -0.3873358381831128, -0.20329483933544354, 0.09294965398578864, 0.07305669640798283, 0.08908811259923664, 0.01204114506000896, -0.24506363558137548, 0.1269670792541507, -0.17107144694613374, -0.13194963759641445, -0.11517915623161294, 0.010494309757157917, -0.03642233581859213, -0.2505577235462387, 0.09736441688469115, 0.09664660460396629, 0.000815442454515268, -0.10359405513862958, -0.13352687468337218, -0.027127224602736533, 0.0711562313625346, 0.07694315626893354, 0.07949278544907903, 0.08621558272684722, -0.10832999687155952, -0.0698381739506579, 0.41870891525531595, -0.08717008314488339, -0.2742559883095648, 0.10825801567862862, -0.13527985956297134, -0.1160497964086497, 0.06951768488532094, 0.14363181226603364, 0.15826149863879319, -0.14146743797818603, 0.12868452608539804, -0.06281834838797373, 0.07828045121151143, 0.13085738508759634, 0.031002502342427917, 0.16181852319277823, 0.031369950774166246, 0.09134658244590316, 0.11876952000286269, 0.00850977001549757, -0.07501545759505066, -0.37550246201293624, -0.19698450031042422, -0.18917548580667126, 0.16596667898272205, -0.16154051579138942, -0.18016713402618695, 0.3808475614869562, 0.07288083939246186, 0.1712609861955887, 0.060930116003399475, 0.24294653621947634, 0.11238028819460179, 0.09935933661535787, 0.10824973534023308, 0.26903072590737237, 0.21455929474145902, 0.0724144569982815, -0.09977575676115837, -0.026989614000700858, 0.09724866039038677] |
709.1929 | Explicit representation of Green function for 3Dimensional exterior
Helmholtz equation | We have constructed a sequence of solutions of the Helmholtz equation forming
an orthogonal sequence on a given surface. Coefficients of these functions
depend on an explicit algebraic formulae from the coefficient of the surface.
Moreover, for exterior Helmholtz equation we have constructed an explicit
normal derivative of the Dirichlet Green function. In the same way the
Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator is constructed. We proved that normalized
coefficients are uniformly bounded from zero.
| math-ph math.MP | we have constructed a sequence of solutions of the helmholtz equation forming an orthogonal sequence on a given surface coefficients of these functions depend on an explicit algebraic formulae from the coefficient of the surface moreover for exterior helmholtz equation we have constructed an explicit normal derivative of the dirichlet green function in the same way the dirichlettoneumann operator is constructed we proved that normalized coefficients are uniformly bounded from zero | [['we', 'have', 'constructed', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'helmholtz', 'equation', 'forming', 'an', 'orthogonal', 'sequence', 'on', 'a', 'given', 'surface', 'coefficients', 'of', 'these', 'functions', 'depend', 'on', 'an', 'explicit', 'algebraic', 'formulae', 'from', 'the', 'coefficient', 'of', 'the', 'surface', 'moreover', 'for', 'exterior', 'helmholtz', 'equation', 'we', 'have', 'constructed', 'an', 'explicit', 'normal', 'derivative', 'of', 'the', 'dirichlet', 'green', 'function', 'in', 'the', 'same', 'way', 'the', 'dirichlettoneumann', 'operator', 'is', 'constructed', 'we', 'proved', 'that', 'normalized', 'coefficients', 'are', 'uniformly', 'bounded', 'from', 'zero']] | [-0.14674087135042524, 0.060815781408500316, -0.11455080377980804, 0.019836966953450212, -0.128407160013678, -0.05842498267515445, -0.034667997552134414, 0.34857736811251705, -0.3093575184613886, -0.1746826775529435, 0.11188273758030641, -0.2930173988414692, -0.1695197044124066, 0.22908393083743647, -0.033108190515301596, 0.08394570578821003, 0.01639910988693296, 0.09605639808955536, -0.13134876173973398, -0.21464507468044758, 0.39663330176976364, -0.05274517015672066, 0.24189626108067977, 0.017969747874098763, 0.1737685092318226, -0.048735640070755294, -0.04254025747527329, -0.057990237939315785, -0.20828378538022713, 0.13500364060500558, 0.224617230115642, 0.050411423878140856, 0.2250443787746866, -0.4428190631188557, -0.17405799503477526, 0.11641084726794924, 0.13717098873187328, 0.06362362011847361, -0.040831234716010134, -0.2466326306482226, 0.10500961565740512, -0.12827728374887415, -0.19690151870722922, -0.021612007354556675, 0.004487088927343278, 0.09509968158336435, -0.2977417313795484, 0.09052376446484679, 0.07029072420907692, 0.07015316795990606, -0.16514047257877676, -0.17868759799060005, -0.051563305452361076, 0.13069104997467407, -0.015459567875745641, 0.010923241842275774, 0.04283265378055635, -0.10058968563721528, -0.03145687016461727, 0.27285747363848584, -0.12258601816318615, -0.3423159012020054, 0.1014026597824315, -0.1445956899535278, -0.06019661258774954, 0.10986932160292935, 0.12349627879907338, 0.19120641629880583, -0.15038174479989938, 0.17793123636552147, -0.0737149470131582, 0.13254561782880148, 0.1674241752521148, -0.03541022479455446, 0.127908807300346, 0.018122884851526206, 0.11169884826915837, 0.15861894606783147, 0.021961958245964537, -0.06870406092157666, -0.35204957131768616, -0.15038500431085555, -0.26066739135749745, 0.09078363687600154, -0.13948564458979476, -0.25573524484955246, 0.3687842412209007, 0.029371122108169005, 0.20399654048009658, 0.07090712241618566, 0.21067331204007209, 0.2941633952178166, 0.04566486174581756, 0.08631959634268997, 0.12650439708860933, 0.16306440442026607, 0.058062371531211195, -0.2059706810912655, 0.01642486214978804, 0.18820272049678877] |
709.193 | Constructing a class of solutions for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in
field theory | A new approach leading to the formulation of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for
field theories is investigated within the framework of jet-bundles and
multi-symplectic manifolds. An algorithm associating classes of solutions to
given sets of boundary conditions of the field equations is provided. The paper
also puts into evidence the intrinsic limits of the Hamilton-Jacobi method as
an algorithm to determine families of solutions of the field equations, showing
how the choice of the boundary data is often limited by compatibility
conditions.
| math-ph math.MP | a new approach leading to the formulation of the hamiltonjacobi equation for field theories is investigated within the framework of jetbundles and multisymplectic manifolds an algorithm associating classes of solutions to given sets of boundary conditions of the field equations is provided the paper also puts into evidence the intrinsic limits of the hamiltonjacobi method as an algorithm to determine families of solutions of the field equations showing how the choice of the boundary data is often limited by compatibility conditions | [['a', 'new', 'approach', 'leading', 'to', 'the', 'formulation', 'of', 'the', 'hamiltonjacobi', 'equation', 'for', 'field', 'theories', 'is', 'investigated', 'within', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'jetbundles', 'and', 'multisymplectic', 'manifolds', 'an', 'algorithm', 'associating', 'classes', 'of', 'solutions', 'to', 'given', 'sets', 'of', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'equations', 'is', 'provided', 'the', 'paper', 'also', 'puts', 'into', 'evidence', 'the', 'intrinsic', 'limits', 'of', 'the', 'hamiltonjacobi', 'method', 'as', 'an', 'algorithm', 'to', 'determine', 'families', 'of', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'equations', 'showing', 'how', 'the', 'choice', 'of', 'the', 'boundary', 'data', 'is', 'often', 'limited', 'by', 'compatibility', 'conditions']] | [-0.1522629142359451, 0.017011593110689803, -0.12492521166985418, 0.051105741220296444, -0.10311678642361069, -0.0996748062848102, 0.004459153040151261, 0.28783828769753006, -0.27741251713423815, -0.3192860244911302, 0.11623377442635872, -0.22913963382166844, -0.1488360807667544, 0.203590347075168, -0.08821997778018775, 0.0642557511979967, 0.06578235385686527, 0.04039721768119453, -0.08783309833135133, -0.23018880704141878, 0.41866502112042114, 0.005726594880315257, 0.27600890318690624, 0.06434296177309236, 0.16412111593807047, -0.06438869192483432, -0.003061616287371259, 0.07100071957518841, -0.16887449278829642, 0.11672724998142156, 0.19707796985950368, 0.1465380551684418, 0.2679171058590765, -0.4353898868286683, -0.18600076380657193, 0.06229210819727109, 0.11975125347574551, 0.11424586826785939, -0.010136064291460278, -0.3137883063014827, 0.08090228360343184, -0.09443505752233812, -0.18959751248037743, -0.07106676586202265, 0.004660280983331671, 0.021222863231360176, -0.2902475417430662, 0.038109973101390894, 0.06636993574800637, 0.025898341825346886, -0.176012458877615, -0.0527964607283565, -0.0068476557225724795, 0.07375250656134737, 0.09654501257291823, 0.015866781170997355, 0.05940395526955893, -0.16285855449552153, -0.11872910216082762, 0.3926484129035179, -0.03637160429799998, -0.2700469439826262, 0.15764060078395736, -0.07256725449459972, -0.13137482956373764, 0.13731272269132327, 0.14914923150273454, 0.18200205713668607, -0.21656153361416525, 0.1453285692309972, -0.026299438993360295, 0.11264795455851673, 0.030013682473059973, 0.004458266356385049, 0.14378264340583558, 0.16435133604861704, 0.08974152770652263, 0.1294696938108515, -0.012168566529627568, -0.12459132513376298, -0.353951519228702, -0.17325516557895843, -0.13601562857374916, 0.018196625706889194, -0.12107372713935659, -0.2006251261178634, 0.38401947677549386, 0.17710610331944476, 0.14790024948133915, 0.047964167298266185, 0.24546095110292052, 0.1828195993417736, 0.02908695700727863, 0.06400013727101463, 0.20652526490574266, 0.21762798694652263, 0.07028049690487945, -0.19843073226626456, -0.0019655846624152254, 0.1258985621475235] |
709.1931 | Axion-Dilaton Cosmology and Dark Energy | We discuss a class of flat FRW cosmological models based on D=4 axion-dilaton
gravity universally coupled to cosmological background fluids. In particular,
we investigate the possibility of recurrent acceleration, which was recently
shown to be generically realized in a wide class of axion-dilaton models, but
in absence of cosmological background fluids. We observe that, once we impose
the existence of radiation -and matter- dominated earlier stages of cosmic
evolution, the axion-dilaton dynamics is altered significantly with respect to
the case of pure axion-dilaton gravity. During the matter dominated epoch the
scalar fields remain either frozen, due to the large expansion rate, or enter a
cosmological scaling regime. In both cases, oscillations of the effective
equation of state around the acceleration boundary value are impossible. Models
which enter an oscillatory stage in the low redshift regime, on the other hand,
are disfavored by observations. We also comment on the viability of the
axion-dilaton system as a candidate for dynamical dark energy. In a certain
subclass of models, an intermediate scaling regime is succeeded by eternal
acceleration. We also briefly discuss the issue of dependence on initial
conditions.
| hep-ph | we discuss a class of flat frw cosmological models based on d4 axiondilaton gravity universally coupled to cosmological background fluids in particular we investigate the possibility of recurrent acceleration which was recently shown to be generically realized in a wide class of axiondilaton models but in absence of cosmological background fluids we observe that once we impose the existence of radiation and matter dominated earlier stages of cosmic evolution the axiondilaton dynamics is altered significantly with respect to the case of pure axiondilaton gravity during the matter dominated epoch the scalar fields remain either frozen due to the large expansion rate or enter a cosmological scaling regime in both cases oscillations of the effective equation of state around the acceleration boundary value are impossible models which enter an oscillatory stage in the low redshift regime on the other hand are disfavored by observations we also comment on the viability of the axiondilaton system as a candidate for dynamical dark energy in a certain subclass of models an intermediate scaling regime is succeeded by eternal acceleration we also briefly discuss the issue of dependence on initial conditions | [['we', 'discuss', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'flat', 'frw', 'cosmological', 'models', 'based', 'on', 'd4', 'axiondilaton', 'gravity', 'universally', 'coupled', 'to', 'cosmological', 'background', 'fluids', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'recurrent', 'acceleration', 'which', 'was', 'recently', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'generically', 'realized', 'in', 'a', 'wide', 'class', 'of', 'axiondilaton', 'models', 'but', 'in', 'absence', 'of', 'cosmological', 'background', 'fluids', 'we', 'observe', 'that', 'once', 'we', 'impose', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'radiation', 'and', 'matter', 'dominated', 'earlier', 'stages', 'of', 'cosmic', 'evolution', 'the', 'axiondilaton', 'dynamics', 'is', 'altered', 'significantly', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 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709.1932 | Heterotic String Compactifications on Half-flat Manifolds II | In this paper, we continue the analysis of heterotic string compactifications
on half-flat mirror manifolds by including the 10-dimensional gauge fields. It
is argued, that the heterotic Bianchi identity is solved by a variant of the
standard embedding. Then, the resulting gauge group in four dimensions is still
E6 despite the fact that the Levi-Civita connection has SO(6) holonomy. We
derive the associated four-dimensional effective theories including matter
field terms for such compactifications. The results are also extended to more
general manifolds with SU(3) structure.
| hep-th | in this paper we continue the analysis of heterotic string compactifications on halfflat mirror manifolds by including the 10dimensional gauge fields it is argued that the heterotic bianchi identity is solved by a variant of the standard embedding then the resulting gauge group in four dimensions is still e6 despite the fact that the levicivita connection has so6 holonomy we derive the associated fourdimensional effective theories including matter field terms for such compactifications the results are also extended to more general manifolds with su3 structure | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'continue', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'heterotic', 'string', 'compactifications', 'on', 'halfflat', 'mirror', 'manifolds', 'by', 'including', 'the', '10dimensional', 'gauge', 'fields', 'it', 'is', 'argued', 'that', 'the', 'heterotic', 'bianchi', 'identity', 'is', 'solved', 'by', 'a', 'variant', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'embedding', 'then', 'the', 'resulting', 'gauge', 'group', 'in', 'four', 'dimensions', 'is', 'still', 'e6', 'despite', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'the', 'levicivita', 'connection', 'has', 'so6', 'holonomy', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'associated', 'fourdimensional', 'effective', 'theories', 'including', 'matter', 'field', 'terms', 'for', 'such', 'compactifications', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'also', 'extended', 'to', 'more', 'general', 'manifolds', 'with', 'su3', 'structure']] | [-0.15771040249588517, 0.13325335599810761, -0.049017695217009855, 0.14967334410997438, -0.15521199949743117, -0.14443717052721802, -0.06405806242187015, 0.34975431526408474, -0.15414303720600026, -0.2653848739121767, 0.13118425918030827, -0.23988856004879755, -0.2091349440462449, 0.12185726093730945, -0.11803258160567459, -0.03749090902616872, 0.0010716654469861704, 0.0692227821523214, -0.12908872580703568, -0.32608471076716394, 0.4249314832884599, -0.009426643962369245, 0.29934883551562536, 0.013062035115410039, 0.10777111139203258, -0.05510363950229743, -0.016546313875519178, 0.013385335371062597, -0.09093470830446355, 0.15021234069581088, 0.2340088995064006, 0.061784562095999716, 0.07524563107256066, -0.43199979279409434, -0.24394945947398597, 0.12672074363731287, 0.18760346723172594, 0.1287384424611981, -0.041385028335464404, -0.3164655659429948, 0.08367947353707517, -0.1593276044956463, -0.16127075743861496, -0.12483832846012186, 0.0014590928344713414, -0.1198607407291146, -0.17780488140894757, 0.023649743306861423, 0.03332067652449683, 0.05349387292174951, -0.05072126788470675, -0.06964492859620162, -0.050439674577073136, 0.029510680219048964, 0.16962701653075568, 0.07205308877917774, 0.09932294948136106, -0.1883332778343602, -0.149065832278746, 0.41719873576041533, -0.062331828529782154, -0.2555870005093953, 0.10654600915663383, -0.07066142824204528, -0.2314536815673551, 0.07951398048111621, 0.06778983161271111, 0.14642345421016217, -0.12497914614333935, 0.2876099629437222, -0.07819659743896303, 0.08487908829222707, 0.06320075912072379, 0.0013526242041467305, 0.1988374507821658, 0.09666804613490754, 0.06823936713969006, 0.0994694879388108, 0.007303382726797067, -0.14134551812620724, -0.4150992534068577, -0.14730657588704216, -0.05586431229432278, 0.16642856965772806, -0.1461346466696876, -0.1414779457701918, 0.3975268799592467, 0.050038667294361135, 0.12366863908793996, 0.07190974638523424, 0.179131855339031, 0.05683167781680822, 0.08072288069216645, 0.06370263723382617, 0.23833916048135828, 0.21903833096627803, 0.05082914951421759, -0.20282990953282398, -0.16137301317854402, 0.19516002800973023] |
709.1933 | Relativistic dynamics of cylindrical shells of counter-rotating
particles | Although infinite cylinders are not astrophysical entities, it is possible to
learn a great deal about the basic qualitative features of generation of
gravitational waves and the behavior of the matter conforming such shells in
the limits of very small radius. We describe the analytical model using kinetic
theory for the matter and the junction conditions through the shell to obtain
its equation of motion. The nature of the static solutions are analyzed, both
for a single shell as well as for two concentric shells. In this second case,
for a time dependent external shell, we integrate numerically the equation of
motion for several values of the constants of the system. Also, a brief
description in terms of the Komar mass is given to account for the
gravitational wave energy emitted by the system.
| gr-qc | although infinite cylinders are not astrophysical entities it is possible to learn a great deal about the basic qualitative features of generation of gravitational waves and the behavior of the matter conforming such shells in the limits of very small radius we describe the analytical model using kinetic theory for the matter and the junction conditions through the shell to obtain its equation of motion the nature of the static solutions are analyzed both for a single shell as well as for two concentric shells in this second case for a time dependent external shell we integrate numerically the equation of motion for several values of the constants of the system also a brief description in terms of the komar mass is given to account for the gravitational wave energy emitted by the system | [['although', 'infinite', 'cylinders', 'are', 'not', 'astrophysical', 'entities', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'learn', 'a', 'great', 'deal', 'about', 'the', 'basic', 'qualitative', 'features', 'of', 'generation', 'of', 'gravitational', 'waves', 'and', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'conforming', 'such', 'shells', 'in', 'the', 'limits', 'of', 'very', 'small', 'radius', 'we', 'describe', 'the', 'analytical', 'model', 'using', 'kinetic', 'theory', 'for', 'the', 'matter', 'and', 'the', 'junction', 'conditions', 'through', 'the', 'shell', 'to', 'obtain', 'its', 'equation', 'of', 'motion', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'static', 'solutions', 'are', 'analyzed', 'both', 'for', 'a', 'single', 'shell', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'for', 'two', 'concentric', 'shells', 'in', 'this', 'second', 'case', 'for', 'a', 'time', 'dependent', 'external', 'shell', 'we', 'integrate', 'numerically', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'motion', 'for', 'several', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'constants', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'also', 'a', 'brief', 'description', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'komar', 'mass', 'is', 'given', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'the', 'gravitational', 'wave', 'energy', 'emitted', 'by', 'the', 'system']] | [-0.13819905502527063, 0.08966920718202305, -0.06918696755779657, 0.09861314998667708, -0.07008462217671158, -0.06342559689725402, -0.010415041569877527, 0.3359831599449155, -0.2428605716098656, -0.31332953372942424, 0.0855926166552661, -0.27887224358742807, -0.09379182518251351, 0.19307414428226705, 0.01816827964051557, 0.04515828041990944, 0.03730363113659698, 0.06886793093741941, -0.07266898761171528, -0.17141307099312267, 0.3415450843697442, 0.0516690972970048, 0.2182346175567233, 0.062140878385502786, 0.1187524635852106, -0.021012106276145064, 0.004301794564851851, 0.02482682697252551, -0.1313164305087846, 0.084493504781554, 0.19870925268354658, 0.08605156920210862, 0.22551376474743237, -0.4702352620939265, -0.24271370395220387, 0.052363881514644, 0.13373929432353504, 0.1377275994874158, -0.04279150195252984, -0.2851997646850659, 0.06184302630431172, -0.19851342615073742, -0.17766698162113106, -0.06427155329442735, 0.07191707550395113, 0.0746998406734679, -0.22581582843784742, 0.07920904167899132, 0.05295344372019311, -0.022039812377918123, -0.13315803776304028, -0.0843150083669774, -0.004178417007327636, 0.12952921891180144, 0.08387087967156419, -0.026513186144406228, 0.11314828819100078, -0.16270455393293845, -0.03375402120039312, 0.4356172654722164, -0.06761690105116967, -0.23647658866760668, 0.16015890122255755, -0.14098792598902513, -0.08426442032735516, 0.13682087700390047, 0.15921893732191356, 0.1339937369339168, -0.17427083791525505, 0.06855701813178916, -0.014724973195520014, 0.14830094325849646, 0.08815945210734577, 0.037371740944044135, 0.26217349946721275, 0.17861679294528857, 0.0050704289443179295, 0.12841274767919486, -0.0829140004152849, -0.11559950403909115, -0.35452940597185, -0.15207097261845232, -0.16637747206398523, -0.00027258988641855764, -0.10365762907656348, -0.19622943392720632, 0.3885167438307527, 0.11617609839747424, 0.18181442414452112, 0.025220320309832026, 0.2811253182242499, 0.12307985011599402, 0.02190105923201277, 0.053936782004589685, 0.2810579685636782, 0.15616107535541557, 0.11319376088317427, -0.22794707393496985, 0.01536075036222143, 0.04667962835267631] |
709.1934 | CD(4) has bounded width | We prove that the constraint languages invariant under a short sequence of
J\'onsson terms (containing at most three non-trivial ternary terms) are
tractable by showing that they have bounded width. This improves the previous
result by Kiss and Valeriote and presents some evidence that the Larose-Zadori
conjecture holds in the congruence-distributive case.
| math.LO cs.CC | we prove that the constraint languages invariant under a short sequence of jonsson terms containing at most three nontrivial ternary terms are tractable by showing that they have bounded width this improves the previous result by kiss and valeriote and presents some evidence that the larosezadori conjecture holds in the congruencedistributive case | [['we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'constraint', 'languages', 'invariant', 'under', 'a', 'short', 'sequence', 'of', 'jonsson', 'terms', 'containing', 'at', 'most', 'three', 'nontrivial', 'ternary', 'terms', 'are', 'tractable', 'by', 'showing', 'that', 'they', 'have', 'bounded', 'width', 'this', 'improves', 'the', 'previous', 'result', 'by', 'kiss', 'and', 'valeriote', 'and', 'presents', 'some', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'larosezadori', 'conjecture', 'holds', 'in', 'the', 'congruencedistributive', 'case']] | [-0.18860723797231913, 0.09828090799972415, -0.04205258377245627, 0.0650020224484615, -0.04329871390480548, -0.12172661094926297, 0.0244742238544859, 0.360253658592701, -0.24231741442577914, -0.29059122629463674, 0.08609047749312594, -0.2516586125595495, -0.16707990437746048, 0.2356526830047369, -0.09928947729989886, 0.017948356247507034, 0.099135747756809, 0.028022125689312817, -0.06967883471166715, -0.3260449989885092, 0.3440280039608479, -0.04968315154314041, 0.20646475475281478, 0.11843258592649362, 0.06120190696790814, 0.012997911320999265, -0.01263741027098149, 0.045486325416713956, -0.16457413088282918, 0.10322199678630568, 0.2519833602011204, 0.15311311585363, 0.24932887349277735, -0.34444568924605845, -0.17158806095365434, 0.10620891279540956, 0.11063544225879013, 0.0756273991521448, -0.04222669164184481, -0.2425594014627859, 0.19044935412937775, -0.1517877731961198, -0.09633091799914836, -0.05649835094809532, 0.05035947076976299, 0.01850877210497856, -0.22740865186322481, 0.0764316044934094, 0.2275406588986516, 0.07273371348157526, -0.03724227032158524, -0.14326328727416693, 0.008663677433505655, 0.06947523928247393, 0.055403049550950524, 0.047015243687201294, 0.015363447042182088, -0.07827125325333327, -0.12135033952072263, 0.34282319005578754, -0.0929552946984768, -0.19042459071381018, 0.1879249328188598, -0.14919621428474783, -0.22434244289062918, 0.11809606675058604, 0.0335016305744648, 0.12111835012212396, -0.10799275912344455, 0.1641140650748275, -0.1567802980914712, 0.14093561957706696, 0.15409832750447094, 0.07023631724528968, 0.13281490914523603, 0.10781353653408587, 0.06777876053703949, 0.17375569791533052, 0.01870820339769125, -0.047858042512089013, -0.3057853499054909, -0.12866898005828262, -0.13225254104239867, 0.03783122766762972, -0.06520104177237954, -0.1321925656683743, 0.3652194593846798, 0.097312644533813, 0.172158883465454, 0.19139924203976988, 0.20743915490573273, 0.11849065852351487, 0.03687659579329192, 0.11105432288721204, 0.19536571624979843, 0.09351322234608234, 0.04315563373267651, -0.13729049259796738, 0.11877116813324391, 0.09469818367710105] |
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