id
float64
706
1.8k
title
stringlengths
1
343
abstract
stringlengths
6
6.09k
categories
stringlengths
5
125
processed_abstract
stringlengths
2
5.96k
tokenized_abstract
stringlengths
8
8.74k
centroid
stringlengths
2.1k
2.17k
709.2735
Localization and delocalization in the quantum kicked prime number rotator
The quantum kicked prime number rotator (QKPR) is defined as the rotator whose energy levels are prime numbers. The long time behavior is decided by the kick period $\tau$ and kick strength $k$. When $\frac{\tau}{2\pi}$ is irrational, QKPR is localized because of the equidistribution theorem. When $\frac{\tau}{2\pi}$ is rational, QKPR is localized for small $k$, because the system seems like a generalized kicked dimer model. We argue for rational $\frac{\tau}{2\pi}$ QKPR delocalizes for large k.
nlin.CD
the quantum kicked prime number rotator qkpr is defined as the rotator whose energy levels are prime numbers the long time behavior is decided by the kick period tau and kick strength k when fractau2pi is irrational qkpr is localized because of the equidistribution theorem when fractau2pi is rational qkpr is localized for small k because the system seems like a generalized kicked dimer model we argue for rational fractau2pi qkpr delocalizes for large k
[['the', 'quantum', 'kicked', 'prime', 'number', 'rotator', 'qkpr', 'is', 'defined', 'as', 'the', 'rotator', 'whose', 'energy', 'levels', 'are', 'prime', 'numbers', 'the', 'long', 'time', 'behavior', 'is', 'decided', 'by', 'the', 'kick', 'period', 'tau', 'and', 'kick', 'strength', 'k', 'when', 'fractau2pi', 'is', 'irrational', 'qkpr', 'is', 'localized', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'equidistribution', 'theorem', 'when', 'fractau2pi', 'is', 'rational', 'qkpr', 'is', 'localized', 'for', 'small', 'k', 'because', 'the', 'system', 'seems', 'like', 'a', 'generalized', 'kicked', 'dimer', 'model', 'we', 'argue', 'for', 'rational', 'fractau2pi', 'qkpr', 'delocalizes', 'for', 'large', 'k']]
[-0.25883714695771537, 0.2515295340741674, -0.05695889305944244, 0.09680297511008878, -0.0619647891074419, -0.2516821317312618, 0.014283437243041893, 0.2985417201121648, -0.2709346345315377, -0.25098051376330355, 0.04863243194296956, -0.24538580647359293, -0.07626003991191586, 0.21470123514222603, -0.044236161125202976, 0.004216500949114561, 0.03999289226407806, 0.1002710203981648, 0.010032270175094405, -0.2402617636198799, 0.26108577315540366, 0.015374948180591068, 0.16950268346816302, 0.01151666504641374, 0.062340579585482676, 0.03344741735607386, 0.1083985223787992, -0.036067658339937525, -0.10560020986944436, -0.013437915071845054, 0.22630485991636912, 0.025770812121530373, 0.27259694079558056, -0.3182385178903739, -0.08838803347200155, 0.1305916817734639, 0.18619547402796646, 0.07827612658341726, 0.025516400632138055, -0.22037034233411154, 0.07750104613602161, -0.1580778886626164, -0.22583163373793164, -0.06591685912416627, 0.1564838312038531, 0.0945312550632904, -0.27787258667250475, 0.052525981372843186, 0.10353708234926065, 0.135226213298738, 0.0063733727919558685, -0.11160460009394835, -0.033080999829495944, 0.056995314506348226, 0.06802105543669314, 0.09630406780168414, 0.1090753371330599, -0.07845544728140036, -0.06556951141605774, 0.39658763572573663, -0.03656757794941465, -0.17784517184074503, 0.09961444908132155, -0.19579196898266674, -0.09663340062523881, 0.18091649012019237, 0.09055646547737221, 0.12262739477368692, -0.013093951704989499, 0.12546636910410597, -0.09415881870935361, 0.1758750560817619, 0.07827311784649889, 0.007534952809413274, 0.25766886038084824, 0.10103560278192163, 0.036232389543826383, 0.12780581903954347, -0.09718222328772147, -0.10474444841655592, -0.24405697242667276, -0.09588300842791796, -0.24244161512702703, 0.14610761404037476, -0.06590949069689184, -0.14917546439295012, 0.3279085937142372, 0.02640238911223908, 0.1519101235518853, 0.09041383514801661, 0.22217886731028558, 0.170641076923348, 0.031186230467671217, 0.07350606573124727, 0.1816983414813876, 0.17068577046506106, 0.04939221185942491, -0.20669225522627432, 0.04044314202542106, 0.11161836597447594]
709.2736
Comment on "Macroscopic violation of special relativity" by Nimtz and Stahlhofen [arXiv:0708.0681v1]
A recent paper by G. Nimtz and A. A. Stahlhofen [arXiv:0708.0681v1] makes the following claims: (1) that the authors have observed a macroscopic violation of special relativity, (2) that they have demonstrated quantum mechanical behavior of evanescent modes on a meter-length scale, and (3) that barriers are crossed in zero time, implying superluminal (faster than light), and indeed, infinite tunneling velocity. Here I suggest that all these claims are erroneous and are based on a misinterpretation of a purely classical measurement accurately described by Maxwell's equations.
quant-ph physics.optics
a recent paper by g nimtz and a a stahlhofen arxiv07080681v1 makes the following claims 1 that the authors have observed a macroscopic violation of special relativity 2 that they have demonstrated quantum mechanical behavior of evanescent modes on a meterlength scale and 3 that barriers are crossed in zero time implying superluminal faster than light and indeed infinite tunneling velocity here i suggest that all these claims are erroneous and are based on a misinterpretation of a purely classical measurement accurately described by maxwells equations
[['a', 'recent', 'paper', 'by', 'g', 'nimtz', 'and', 'a', 'a', 'stahlhofen', 'arxiv07080681v1', 'makes', 'the', 'following', 'claims', '1', 'that', 'the', 'authors', 'have', 'observed', 'a', 'macroscopic', 'violation', 'of', 'special', 'relativity', '2', 'that', 'they', 'have', 'demonstrated', 'quantum', 'mechanical', 'behavior', 'of', 'evanescent', 'modes', 'on', 'a', 'meterlength', 'scale', 'and', '3', 'that', 'barriers', 'are', 'crossed', 'in', 'zero', 'time', 'implying', 'superluminal', 'faster', 'than', 'light', 'and', 'indeed', 'infinite', 'tunneling', 'velocity', 'here', 'i', 'suggest', 'that', 'all', 'these', 'claims', 'are', 'erroneous', 'and', 'are', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'misinterpretation', 'of', 'a', 'purely', 'classical', 'measurement', 'accurately', 'described', 'by', 'maxwells', 'equations']]
[-0.15050606461946012, 0.19336432976386986, -0.11950158469787822, 0.05689032709725746, -0.09406568742607062, -0.16875630855367224, 0.038611253726075365, 0.34122755150765, -0.18615061609733213, -0.2909395851694593, 0.08929430900096166, -0.28556860079591323, -0.1676464250038673, 0.22723811689945983, -0.058695141975654334, 0.04865316686606625, 0.07205649708374971, 0.017931233444137544, -0.04211215539295908, -0.21700144576181363, 0.3070782040950002, 0.0011807223824534293, 0.25325471855041276, 0.03326580210350363, 0.10478947418969034, -0.037567336401879425, -0.0327548354682399, 0.0864428591853428, -0.11201944104686845, 0.08047707979113045, 0.2035943189545012, 0.06757089056687929, 0.2882417000762028, -0.4670008760763378, -0.24421738602629886, 0.05262135875570338, 0.1466036500897622, 0.13608073007042815, -0.055484919067722085, -0.29153217072598636, 0.0694042266220161, -0.15775990466837111, -0.13002928956156234, -0.0548303023650788, 0.08519185868250888, 0.018376585348827263, -0.19601104576594947, 0.10475314593669481, 0.08746104760140908, 0.0678682426763017, -0.015570031711831689, -0.08625385112827644, 0.01053807551109391, 0.024620154713530365, 0.06434548259769543, -0.01853022599456514, 0.11978061999217039, -0.09363160730998327, -0.1640286577990415, 0.37924455314102334, -0.06118420348875367, -0.17763214970359625, 0.1898918356774829, -0.170794134834645, -0.08691692793537385, 0.12929078978174025, 0.09494092760369091, 0.10720144658599322, -0.11611454288770513, 0.046359247440083955, -0.06610525402001946, 0.13816825298183574, 0.10464965723591244, 0.03370262485951549, 0.1962691052964457, 0.07847181326857336, 0.017309887516425877, 0.027853096305057633, -0.022186598484972266, -0.06619924396594487, -0.34933943510418985, -0.16543517235053204, -0.19449759810941475, 0.1288893114003103, -0.04288466726841473, -0.12496684362725695, 0.35494301188737154, 0.17648763145056054, 0.17958122109653565, 0.04979954463736404, 0.2726422733536399, 0.11734881023762793, 0.05586390608421913, 0.08160993944081228, 0.313470756158051, 0.12087642879043592, 0.08369134041117277, -0.2010115014457303, 0.061067855730936746, 0.0013487950626124695]
709.2737
The NuMI Beam at FNAL and its use for Cross Section Measurements
The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) facility at Fermilab began operations in late 2004. NuMI will deliver an intense muon neutrino beam of variable energy (2-20 GeV). Several aspects of the design and results from runs of the MINOS experiment are reviewed. I also discuss technique to measure directly the neutrino flux using a muon flux system at the end of the NuMI line.
hep-ex
the neutrinos at the main injector numi facility at fermilab began operations in late 2004 numi will deliver an intense muon neutrino beam of variable energy 220 gev several aspects of the design and results from runs of the minos experiment are reviewed i also discuss technique to measure directly the neutrino flux using a muon flux system at the end of the numi line
[['the', 'neutrinos', 'at', 'the', 'main', 'injector', 'numi', 'facility', 'at', 'fermilab', 'began', 'operations', 'in', 'late', '2004', 'numi', 'will', 'deliver', 'an', 'intense', 'muon', 'neutrino', 'beam', 'of', 'variable', 'energy', '220', 'gev', 'several', 'aspects', 'of', 'the', 'design', 'and', 'results', 'from', 'runs', 'of', 'the', 'minos', 'experiment', 'are', 'reviewed', 'i', 'also', 'discuss', 'technique', 'to', 'measure', 'directly', 'the', 'neutrino', 'flux', 'using', 'a', 'muon', 'flux', 'system', 'at', 'the', 'end', 'of', 'the', 'numi', 'line']]
[-0.04451465219115982, 0.24379977738829509, -0.06281217912641855, 0.13900132634891912, -0.02474102280460871, -0.14089471785924756, 0.014333493090592897, 0.3811416192123523, -0.16933379095907394, -0.34149149280901137, 0.061820795363746586, -0.37715131224921117, 0.0742824029463988, 0.2513675907626748, 0.012966496884249723, 0.055918606972465146, 0.15263451115729718, -0.04473354476504028, -0.10178793698835831, -0.23397088889032602, 0.25826453168410807, 0.2555923705490736, 0.30421051206783606, 0.10313897922706719, 0.15326102414669898, -0.07096749104899712, -0.09229303675775345, -0.18646410655660126, -0.03842592199977774, -0.02345313924866227, 0.2566919040758736, 0.17999595002486155, 0.12275914893700526, -0.4774446411452328, -0.07813831895876389, 0.10050383567308577, 0.05725126092393811, 0.006921538696266137, -0.04965623919493877, -0.31948285174484436, 0.03454560660398923, -0.19011715833240977, -0.21109081013844563, 0.11120665405805294, -0.0744159946218133, 0.020765621392414547, -0.25390429468109055, -0.08536652476714852, -0.054176109771315865, 0.07529190834611654, -0.005054505721021157, -0.20610300256476666, 0.06292627319836845, 0.030738143171541967, 0.1353293507718123, 0.1032840078839889, 0.1787812605715142, -0.08148835397397096, -0.14472386756768593, 0.3298110703436228, -0.03676766196194176, 0.022288712988106103, 0.1176672156362866, -0.21511745512700425, -0.09509273915050122, 0.20652342520367642, 0.20906821060925723, 0.020008547690052253, -0.2555734903050157, 0.03346597594835867, -0.06335164352964896, 0.13867064002328194, 0.07942078904821896, -0.04583504655613349, 0.27007233139414055, 0.233029944392351, 0.1617130141490354, -0.004136035444501501, -0.2686687296972825, 0.01881929512780446, -0.4225820569464794, -0.11139860987090147, -0.07976177905041437, 0.055679628095374654, 0.07659689592793047, 0.02136850511440291, 0.46698715425669574, 0.12094298483660589, 0.15743749084380956, -0.07702893228986515, 0.3446117218870383, 0.026506786069904382, 0.014574847049796237, 0.03693697991279455, 0.3010569367701044, 0.11563891586489403, 0.2852894578415614, -0.29066629296956725, -0.05368768784862298, 0.06819379619107796]
709.2738
Impacts of real-time data collection on introductory algebra-based physics
Including real-time data collection technology is a common practice to upgrade physics labs, and the assumption is such technology improves student learning, yet little has been done to demonstrate the effects of technology. Specific activities have been shown to be enhanced by technology, but the effects on the class as a whole has been left unexplored. This paper investigates the effects of technology on two algebra based introductory physics classes. In this paper, we use FCI, MPEX, surveys, and ethnographies to document the improvement in learning as real-time data collection technology is incorporated into a modeling physics class. The two classes examined differed only in the inclusion of technology. The results found were significant. Students in the class with high technology were found to have learned more than students in the class with no technology. This paper explores the gains in learning and relates them directly to the addition of technology.
physics.ed-ph
including realtime data collection technology is a common practice to upgrade physics labs and the assumption is such technology improves student learning yet little has been done to demonstrate the effects of technology specific activities have been shown to be enhanced by technology but the effects on the class as a whole has been left unexplored this paper investigates the effects of technology on two algebra based introductory physics classes in this paper we use fci mpex surveys and ethnographies to document the improvement in learning as realtime data collection technology is incorporated into a modeling physics class the two classes examined differed only in the inclusion of technology the results found were significant students in the class with high technology were found to have learned more than students in the class with no technology this paper explores the gains in learning and relates them directly to the addition of technology
[['including', 'realtime', 'data', 'collection', 'technology', 'is', 'a', 'common', 'practice', 'to', 'upgrade', 'physics', 'labs', 'and', 'the', 'assumption', 'is', 'such', 'technology', 'improves', 'student', 'learning', 'yet', 'little', 'has', 'been', 'done', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'technology', 'specific', 'activities', 'have', 'been', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'enhanced', 'by', 'technology', 'but', 'the', 'effects', 'on', 'the', 'class', 'as', 'a', 'whole', 'has', 'been', 'left', 'unexplored', 'this', 'paper', 'investigates', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'technology', 'on', 'two', 'algebra', 'based', 'introductory', 'physics', 'classes', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'use', 'fci', 'mpex', 'surveys', 'and', 'ethnographies', 'to', 'document', 'the', 'improvement', 'in', 'learning', 'as', 'realtime', 'data', 'collection', 'technology', 'is', 'incorporated', 'into', 'a', 'modeling', 'physics', 'class', 'the', 'two', 'classes', 'examined', 'differed', 'only', 'in', 'the', 'inclusion', 'of', 'technology', 'the', 'results', 'found', 'were', 'significant', 'students', 'in', 'the', 'class', 'with', 'high', 'technology', 'were', 'found', 'to', 'have', 'learned', 'more', 'than', 'students', 'in', 'the', 'class', 'with', 'no', 'technology', 'this', 'paper', 'explores', 'the', 'gains', 'in', 'learning', 'and', 'relates', 'them', 'directly', 'to', 'the', 'addition', 'of', 'technology']]
[-0.03541928007422636, 0.06383052249051009, -0.05798952275809521, 0.05575380077352747, -0.12392995100468397, -0.1345031669177115, -0.011274119929876179, 0.4155113501350085, -0.24406149925276016, -0.3665431014200052, 0.11012649118434638, -0.2783643124314646, -0.1527705822388331, 0.24549786186466616, -0.12403701166001459, 0.04613397117704153, 0.07122308826694886, 0.02228171213219563, -0.07378747104046246, -0.27754747577089195, 0.2826389427638302, 0.06552029106300324, 0.3582022742430369, 0.07603045100734258, 0.09697968765782813, -0.043670203142489, -0.08113273703493178, 0.010248824230705698, -0.08911504813159506, 0.14445607610046862, 0.34682406364629664, 0.16675722375667343, 0.3803349092726906, -0.39891708629205824, -0.22473226233695945, 0.09842964654788375, 0.12368064216027658, 0.10224064511246979, -0.07993413684006857, -0.2915296197682619, 0.06778093221209322, -0.22080925301027796, -0.06966078022805353, -0.0491113027666385, 0.006586367779721817, -0.02969500162716334, -0.20711821471961836, -0.034490244366849464, 0.04198386480100453, 0.10350286340961853, -0.00010107142695536216, -0.14744930651038884, 0.06474482307831446, 0.1642923712885628, 0.036253637083185214, 0.036804667366668584, 0.13484101231209933, -0.169195802474084, -0.1430198339621226, 0.3657201803723971, -0.01781214582937537, -0.15558358777935305, 0.20707549072879677, -0.16645377257217964, -0.16360811672483883, 0.077437063070635, 0.21567166699407, 0.05943058990873396, -0.2105330544617027, 0.09616662763563606, 0.0024328669408957165, 0.16131534913244347, 0.01675985178599755, 0.04247506988622869, 0.19351399421071014, 0.2414064668864012, 0.00950937597391506, 0.12466625762249653, -0.05978279317748578, -0.08389367852049569, -0.22178711958850422, -0.15943707327668866, -0.14642802957445383, 0.005498833196858565, 0.042451498114484516, -0.10783273557414456, 0.3779067920024196, 0.1867572527053805, 0.10928614435872684, -0.00902498335034276, 0.27895028942575056, 0.05826965194971611, 0.14684128830209375, 0.051734949303790925, 0.2542556630074978, 0.057675944174019, 0.18200832691664498, -0.1386385734375411, 0.11910186774252604, 0.004395428765565157]
709.2739
Formation Scenario for Wide and Close Binary Systems
Fragmentation and binary formation processes are studied using three-dimensional resistive MHD nested grid simulations. Starting with a Bonnor-Ebert isothermal cloud rotating in a uniform magnetic field, we calculate the cloud evolution from the molecular cloud core (n=10^4 cm^-3) to the stellar core (n \simeq 10^22 cm^-3). We calculated 147 models with different initial magnetic, rotational, and thermal energies, and the amplitudes of the non-axisymmetric perturbation. In a collapsing cloud, fragmentation is mainly controlled by the initial ratio of the rotational to the magnetic energy, regardless of the initial thermal energy and amplitude of the non-axisymmetric perturbation. When the clouds have large rotational energies in relation to magnetic energies, fragmentation occurs in the low-density evolution phase (10^12 cm^-3 < n < 10^15 cm^-3) with separations of 3-300 AU. Fragments that appeared in this phase are expected to evolve into wide binary systems. On the other hand, fragmentation does not occur in the low-density evolution phase, when initial clouds have large magnetic energies in relation to the rotational energies. In these clouds, fragmentation only occurs in the high-density evolution phase (n > 10^17 cm^-3) after the clouds experience significant reduction of the magnetic field owing to Ohmic dissipation in the period of 10^12 cm^-3 < n < 10^15 cm^-3. Fragments appearing in this phase have separations of < 0.3 AU, and are expected to evolve into close binary systems. As a result, we found two typical fragmentation epochs, which cause different stellar separations. Although these typical separations are disturbed in the subsequent gas accretion phase, we might be able to observe two peaks of binary separations in extremely young stellar groups.
astro-ph
fragmentation and binary formation processes are studied using threedimensional resistive mhd nested grid simulations starting with a bonnorebert isothermal cloud rotating in a uniform magnetic field we calculate the cloud evolution from the molecular cloud core n104 cm3 to the stellar core n simeq 1022 cm3 we calculated 147 models with different initial magnetic rotational and thermal energies and the amplitudes of the nonaxisymmetric perturbation in a collapsing cloud fragmentation is mainly controlled by the initial ratio of the rotational to the magnetic energy regardless of the initial thermal energy and amplitude of the nonaxisymmetric perturbation when the clouds have large rotational energies in relation to magnetic energies fragmentation occurs in the lowdensity evolution phase 1012 cm3 n 1015 cm3 with separations of 3300 au fragments that appeared in this phase are expected to evolve into wide binary systems on the other hand fragmentation does not occur in the lowdensity evolution phase when initial clouds have large magnetic energies in relation to the rotational energies in these clouds fragmentation only occurs in the highdensity evolution phase n 1017 cm3 after the clouds experience significant reduction of the magnetic field owing to ohmic dissipation in the period of 1012 cm3 n 1015 cm3 fragments appearing in this phase have separations of 03 au and are expected to evolve into close binary systems as a result we found two typical fragmentation epochs which cause different stellar separations although these typical separations are disturbed in the subsequent gas accretion phase we might be able to observe two peaks of binary separations in extremely young stellar groups
[['fragmentation', 'and', 'binary', 'formation', 'processes', 'are', 'studied', 'using', 'threedimensional', 'resistive', 'mhd', 'nested', 'grid', 'simulations', 'starting', 'with', 'a', 'bonnorebert', 'isothermal', 'cloud', 'rotating', 'in', 'a', 'uniform', 'magnetic', 'field', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'cloud', 'evolution', 'from', 'the', 'molecular', 'cloud', 'core', 'n104', 'cm3', 'to', 'the', 'stellar', 'core', 'n', 'simeq', '1022', 'cm3', 'we', 'calculated', '147', 'models', 'with', 'different', 'initial', 'magnetic', 'rotational', 'and', 'thermal', 'energies', 'and', 'the', 'amplitudes', 'of', 'the', 'nonaxisymmetric', 'perturbation', 'in', 'a', 'collapsing', 'cloud', 'fragmentation', 'is', 'mainly', 'controlled', 'by', 'the', 'initial', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'rotational', 'to', 'the', 'magnetic', 'energy', 'regardless', 'of', 'the', 'initial', 'thermal', 'energy', 'and', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'nonaxisymmetric', 'perturbation', 'when', 'the', 'clouds', 'have', 'large', 'rotational', 'energies', 'in', 'relation', 'to', 'magnetic', 'energies', 'fragmentation', 'occurs', 'in', 'the', 'lowdensity', 'evolution', 'phase', '1012', 'cm3', 'n', '1015', 'cm3', 'with', 'separations', 'of', '3300', 'au', 'fragments', 'that', 'appeared', 'in', 'this', 'phase', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'evolve', 'into', 'wide', 'binary', 'systems', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'fragmentation', 'does', 'not', 'occur', 'in', 'the', 'lowdensity', 'evolution', 'phase', 'when', 'initial', 'clouds', 'have', 'large', 'magnetic', 'energies', 'in', 'relation', 'to', 'the', 'rotational', 'energies', 'in', 'these', 'clouds', 'fragmentation', 'only', 'occurs', 'in', 'the', 'highdensity', 'evolution', 'phase', 'n', '1017', 'cm3', 'after', 'the', 'clouds', 'experience', 'significant', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'owing', 'to', 'ohmic', 'dissipation', 'in', 'the', 'period', 'of', '1012', 'cm3', 'n', '1015', 'cm3', 'fragments', 'appearing', 'in', 'this', 'phase', 'have', 'separations', 'of', '03', 'au', 'and', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'evolve', 'into', 'close', 'binary', 'systems', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'we', 'found', 'two', 'typical', 'fragmentation', 'epochs', 'which', 'cause', 'different', 'stellar', 'separations', 'although', 'these', 'typical', 'separations', 'are', 'disturbed', 'in', 'the', 'subsequent', 'gas', 'accretion', 'phase', 'we', 'might', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'observe', 'two', 'peaks', 'of', 'binary', 'separations', 'in', 'extremely', 'young', 'stellar', 'groups']]
[-0.1733157070720579, 0.24885194052449877, -0.049746222059267216, 0.08223708274733531, 0.02756469670290078, -0.031470879250181265, 0.007321707031445245, 0.3900653388308708, -0.19768242434573718, -0.3694971571348877, 0.02716699895181626, -0.22160601299681024, 0.018054810708509086, 0.1361044087934577, 0.038833994846861855, -0.003424111033078042, 0.055535999556096845, -0.04168471544495201, -0.1001682382000844, -0.19672881186135935, 0.31150435913042535, 0.04764903594559136, 0.18089125437499112, 0.04090706889691122, 0.006332983705480743, -0.11511723308190137, 0.04352218210174855, -0.018596652920000227, -0.16670711547019118, -0.021724122105442525, 0.23079727895836138, 0.04600285873358836, 0.2111069982762523, -0.4689728526660585, -0.20574694083907957, 0.050599177833646536, 0.17308216555993083, 0.09473833843079456, -0.03252507062025099, -0.22797205690480415, 0.07475284712934449, -0.2102854056407772, -0.1732311315547689, 0.03139886165660994, 0.09640016629203035, 0.056511393638448114, -0.2434574347896813, 0.1564063017677955, 0.02230565399179384, 0.04054671947913711, -0.11569731190053484, -0.12048866434603533, -0.07691297560714241, 0.04318270684966194, 0.030150583094453346, 0.09568641583493666, 0.2386483241938508, -0.11404054007314131, 0.020479550909165988, 0.41186730283801176, -0.04770235915158383, -0.04482352953517505, 0.2616160289409213, -0.24081561881553085, -0.16329078865680177, 0.24922466977099275, 0.1830369389603559, 0.11222411139833674, -0.10323469958477477, 0.002009337977550485, 0.0313918917252197, 0.2004166441117927, 0.11258929877293193, 0.0322175710373505, 0.30596342750297356, 0.1238979407145284, -0.016975895282121893, 0.105474786342258, -0.19476721926146107, -0.12906482305639766, -0.1936324452751178, -0.08241113621436995, -0.14562907796211455, 0.09048859984265373, -0.1445689980918785, -0.1467123800674418, 0.2946772097057518, 0.14980575594760676, 0.23769796800803208, 0.004443765509901958, 0.30118124498259774, 0.1032392045818517, 0.08700821059827911, 0.12650636317360678, 0.27547642726720284, 0.19057955223993495, 0.11464376011934174, -0.2246273866688174, 0.032081270745349874, -0.0014498826495226572]
709.274
Transverse Observables and Mass Determination at Hadron Colliders
I consider the two-body decay of a particle at a hadron collider into a visible and an invisible particle, generalizing $W \to e \nu$, where the masses of the decaying particle and the invisible decay particle are, {\em a priori}, unknown. I prove that the transverse mass, when maximized over possible kinematic configurations, can be used to determine both of the unknown masses. I argue that the proof can be generalized to cover cases such as decays of pair-produced superpartners to the lightest, stable superpartner at the Large Hadron Collider.
hep-ph hep-ex physics.data-an
i consider the twobody decay of a particle at a hadron collider into a visible and an invisible particle generalizing w to e nu where the masses of the decaying particle and the invisible decay particle are em a priori unknown i prove that the transverse mass when maximized over possible kinematic configurations can be used to determine both of the unknown masses i argue that the proof can be generalized to cover cases such as decays of pairproduced superpartners to the lightest stable superpartner at the large hadron collider
[['i', 'consider', 'the', 'twobody', 'decay', 'of', 'a', 'particle', 'at', 'a', 'hadron', 'collider', 'into', 'a', 'visible', 'and', 'an', 'invisible', 'particle', 'generalizing', 'w', 'to', 'e', 'nu', 'where', 'the', 'masses', 'of', 'the', 'decaying', 'particle', 'and', 'the', 'invisible', 'decay', 'particle', 'are', 'em', 'a', 'priori', 'unknown', 'i', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'transverse', 'mass', 'when', 'maximized', 'over', 'possible', 'kinematic', 'configurations', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'determine', 'both', 'of', 'the', 'unknown', 'masses', 'i', 'argue', 'that', 'the', 'proof', 'can', 'be', 'generalized', 'to', 'cover', 'cases', 'such', 'as', 'decays', 'of', 'pairproduced', 'superpartners', 'to', 'the', 'lightest', 'stable', 'superpartner', 'at', 'the', 'large', 'hadron', 'collider']]
[-0.05030438906202714, 0.2982576753182608, -0.08280527329641497, 0.15520832588275274, -0.07140349538272453, -0.21565563616653283, -0.012393497793366098, 0.2782540002449726, -0.26711435264700817, -0.2618290828747882, 0.0354740407369617, -0.2776402200986114, 0.04868784862466984, 0.14664592739298113, 0.06411700334089497, 0.07696189525433712, 0.0972211208815376, 0.058988579316064715, -0.018966056381274635, -0.21274890017747466, 0.28550697356565957, 0.020217984101165914, 0.11237003618540863, 0.09071297617111769, 0.08927890920701126, 0.02526065920893517, -0.012036637377200855, -0.031997506156060104, -0.16906589223152776, 0.019010905000484652, 0.20389387108799484, 0.11066232368919171, 0.16090154503472148, -0.32329769391152596, -0.08775436833707823, 0.21712721010877026, 0.2258204552086277, 0.06842665015978532, -0.038800596406993765, -0.3167796492162678, 0.12603742260641107, -0.19358369936235248, -0.14452287119088902, -0.026652568466185283, 0.030748303265621266, -0.044205329360233414, -0.36339347859223686, 0.031681219370673516, -0.026176099173931613, -0.03722232925809092, -0.0166674497938301, -0.1783855238308509, -0.07186429870004456, 0.01815915469293638, 0.14558605616265494, -0.0035164582543075083, 0.20150225864102442, -0.16765088947075937, -0.13668869655165408, 0.40420144659777485, -0.07172541956210302, -0.20592208539342716, 0.19611290554102095, -0.16290985051956441, -0.12998433886613284, 0.16893543787300586, 0.25787981325346565, 0.09533610952397188, -0.13516287049100761, 0.15831371589123996, -0.07587356692820321, 0.14705637107189332, 0.0751138950439377, 0.08120295052196727, 0.28262160265197356, 0.15704135553290446, 0.06999449074242471, 0.05757686310292532, -0.11143752208703922, -0.03381448133602842, -0.4163388495643934, -0.1629400001321402, -0.17814271387437153, 0.06849949778730256, -0.025847090221618095, -0.12105322304285235, 0.3940030421854721, 0.08860004314677401, 0.270591493944327, 0.05242322470164961, 0.2736922604342302, 0.0836115802004416, 0.056283368070014855, 0.07315045557495775, 0.31998303616678136, 0.12409383710473776, 0.08853318579365603, -0.22623907507707675, -0.016658360306690965, 0.03969159034960386]
709.2741
Vacuum and semiclassical gravity: a difficulty and its bewildering significance
We review a long-standing difficulty in some semiclassical models of vacuum and vacuum decay. Surprisingly enough these models, careless of their transparent formulation, are affected by, both, technical and conceptual issues. After proving some general results that are relevant for, both, the Euclidean and Lorentzian sectors of their dynamics, we briefly highlight their importance in connection with the issues discussed before, arguing that their solution might be interesting in our quest for quantum gravity.
gr-qc hep-th
we review a longstanding difficulty in some semiclassical models of vacuum and vacuum decay surprisingly enough these models careless of their transparent formulation are affected by both technical and conceptual issues after proving some general results that are relevant for both the euclidean and lorentzian sectors of their dynamics we briefly highlight their importance in connection with the issues discussed before arguing that their solution might be interesting in our quest for quantum gravity
[['we', 'review', 'a', 'longstanding', 'difficulty', 'in', 'some', 'semiclassical', 'models', 'of', 'vacuum', 'and', 'vacuum', 'decay', 'surprisingly', 'enough', 'these', 'models', 'careless', 'of', 'their', 'transparent', 'formulation', 'are', 'affected', 'by', 'both', 'technical', 'and', 'conceptual', 'issues', 'after', 'proving', 'some', 'general', 'results', 'that', 'are', 'relevant', 'for', 'both', 'the', 'euclidean', 'and', 'lorentzian', 'sectors', 'of', 'their', 'dynamics', 'we', 'briefly', 'highlight', 'their', 'importance', 'in', 'connection', 'with', 'the', 'issues', 'discussed', 'before', 'arguing', 'that', 'their', 'solution', 'might', 'be', 'interesting', 'in', 'our', 'quest', 'for', 'quantum', 'gravity']]
[-0.0937027319183422, 0.1523602003848331, -0.0873018472228904, 0.1496605183929205, -0.08179090262667553, -0.1740220491711453, 0.03485150157939643, 0.38983795335012916, -0.2242953669833573, -0.2899221357813961, 0.16088299572977513, -0.2491324302941762, -0.2050448736817752, 0.20193965717948772, -0.10880552602277414, 0.06212327519913104, 0.06146203891242023, -0.01987148227321135, -0.0749690554897628, -0.2682765327658303, 0.3591292468009743, 0.060392500195538976, 0.24581718782114015, 0.14310929563676789, 0.04091607169971827, -0.05635410215969337, -0.07716927669841696, 0.03815491646024827, -0.12937008988877563, 0.12679445212455215, 0.2570217083869195, 0.15911883002499472, 0.29375293100177235, -0.4885317873008348, -0.2018448217218188, 0.06272418097265668, 0.13457897851067419, 0.16412840463925857, -0.1070174720213824, -0.30587462260312326, 0.05393293435760849, -0.10843377853617878, -0.1916284456131728, -0.13203016800705242, 0.008469196665730025, -0.026381744323550043, -0.1183011000614135, 0.058642251914165715, 0.08960591443512286, -0.01910004238723903, -0.06508353199476276, -0.14400522245843014, 0.04263807412526394, 0.13294443505111378, 0.1273217654969493, -0.035620663077507574, 0.08215867364275697, -0.19707248040877684, -0.1119081370683538, 0.4003890631468715, -0.008206993442129445, -0.20719133750409693, 0.18290968217912154, -0.13243929737851629, -0.16259297084163976, 0.04403550926646268, 0.08160711866425904, 0.10870500441288224, -0.13854859745431994, 0.10234024803346098, 0.030791779998941598, 0.051687228474514305, 0.05227344052715076, 0.12581560989555501, 0.2885343041774389, 0.12082814399429874, -0.04009792294881835, 0.09462259912617958, 0.01081113298297734, -0.1794848330696491, -0.371800310507014, -0.13852920378888706, -0.09319163568166865, 0.049001733571089605, -0.09241861483098694, -0.12113667720601566, 0.3759701530876997, 0.20713985896342108, 0.17698573022829117, 0.031208196516475967, 0.25439488454847725, 0.06783491351824203, -0.014231641915299603, 0.0466943285081888, 0.28505730040361976, 0.1385999425893297, 0.111293052729043, -0.20890139104999803, 0.036798111773473585, 0.003852835444204912]
709.2742
Threshold scans in diffractive W pair production via QED processes at the LHC
We propose a new set of measurements which can be performed at the LHC using roman pot detectors. This new method is based on exploiting excitation curves to measure kinematical properties of produced particles. We illustrate it in the case of central diffractive W pair production.
hep-ph
we propose a new set of measurements which can be performed at the lhc using roman pot detectors this new method is based on exploiting excitation curves to measure kinematical properties of produced particles we illustrate it in the case of central diffractive w pair production
[['we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'set', 'of', 'measurements', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'performed', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'using', 'roman', 'pot', 'detectors', 'this', 'new', 'method', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'exploiting', 'excitation', 'curves', 'to', 'measure', 'kinematical', 'properties', 'of', 'produced', 'particles', 'we', 'illustrate', 'it', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'central', 'diffractive', 'w', 'pair', 'production']]
[-0.055460697115884854, 0.14293891027488786, -0.17866247899465912, 0.05395343185038022, -0.05630037549417466, -0.09235645525420652, 0.029037811307479507, 0.3754375867707574, -0.24711759119173107, -0.2916276515663966, 0.01410831188853911, -0.3115859114281509, -0.03773898355986761, 0.22878351339908398, -0.00010292302898090819, 0.07431019415431049, 0.11508929173198892, 0.003343905251392204, -0.022255096564312345, -0.2290872289272754, 0.3384824048413936, 0.051594417825665165, 0.24420770784111126, 0.09330688160844147, 0.13542121849225267, 0.054281512022261384, -0.04542691245771256, -0.006541024392430225, -0.11523372606050385, 0.13546416594687363, 0.20067017026873224, 0.142525084387592, 0.1632981535209262, -0.3861184822516921, -0.12062255185826318, 0.14692407783687764, 0.10975714378139895, 0.068435172269465, -0.09960125809100093, -0.2852176496728688, 0.11226097287853128, -0.18871558514302192, -0.11418165259427675, -0.03052924751587536, -0.0409944459957921, 0.011085748429531637, -0.28863579925635585, 0.01492523590264761, -0.060252624770130395, 0.032247170810992626, 0.017745798094319584, -0.13138559162009344, -0.0006861040297814685, 0.01343246697164748, -0.0026810400582768994, 0.02007520007495971, 0.17716791384104316, -0.09790964440300899, -0.14957764281121932, 0.3434126897026663, -0.08473977730002093, -0.17245377656882224, 0.20828300455848323, -0.19597979240200442, -0.1484746980992065, 0.11572840482846874, 0.2663431305478772, 0.1558901824300056, -0.22357034873541282, 0.03401034182625944, -0.043216136486633965, 0.1520565049773406, 0.0999323439622379, 0.04260286952004484, 0.1998050640458646, 0.27058110013604164, -0.0032699474477735553, 0.17992063896963373, -0.1811679523266123, 0.01419316341533609, -0.40552250822277175, -0.1577868064582024, -0.17746366070502478, 0.0027829059374356725, -0.005874602893448394, -0.0820862807981346, 0.40166391987029626, 0.13060165331294032, 0.22136302760032855, -0.01261488625364702, 0.25936826520963857, 0.12965162168794728, 0.07082372166105019, 0.04166449423191016, 0.27014743350446224, 0.1138692595186117, 0.07808357943861705, -0.17195291745314456, 0.04695859967487986, 0.08285637727543793]
709.2743
Instability of agegraphic dark energy models
We investigate the agegraphic dark energy models which were recently proposed to explain the dark energy-dominated universe. For this purpose, we calculate their equation of states and squared speeds of sound. We find that the squared speed for agegraphic dark energy is always negative. This means that the perfect fluid for agegraphic dark energy is classically unstable. Furthermore, it is shown that the new agegraphic dark energy model could describe the matter (radiation)-dominated universe in the far past only when the parameter $n$ is chosen to be $n>n_c$, where the critical values are determined to be $n_c=2.6878(2.5137752)$ numerically. It seems that the new agegraphic dark energy model is no better than the holographic dark energy model for the description of the dark energy-dominated universe, even though it resolves the causality problem.
gr-qc
we investigate the agegraphic dark energy models which were recently proposed to explain the dark energydominated universe for this purpose we calculate their equation of states and squared speeds of sound we find that the squared speed for agegraphic dark energy is always negative this means that the perfect fluid for agegraphic dark energy is classically unstable furthermore it is shown that the new agegraphic dark energy model could describe the matter radiationdominated universe in the far past only when the parameter n is chosen to be nn_c where the critical values are determined to be n_c2687825137752 numerically it seems that the new agegraphic dark energy model is no better than the holographic dark energy model for the description of the dark energydominated universe even though it resolves the causality problem
[['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'agegraphic', 'dark', 'energy', 'models', 'which', 'were', 'recently', 'proposed', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'dark', 'energydominated', 'universe', 'for', 'this', 'purpose', 'we', 'calculate', 'their', 'equation', 'of', 'states', 'and', 'squared', 'speeds', 'of', 'sound', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'squared', 'speed', 'for', 'agegraphic', 'dark', 'energy', 'is', 'always', 'negative', 'this', 'means', 'that', 'the', 'perfect', 'fluid', 'for', 'agegraphic', 'dark', 'energy', 'is', 'classically', 'unstable', 'furthermore', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'new', 'agegraphic', 'dark', 'energy', 'model', 'could', 'describe', 'the', 'matter', 'radiationdominated', 'universe', 'in', 'the', 'far', 'past', 'only', 'when', 'the', 'parameter', 'n', 'is', 'chosen', 'to', 'be', 'nn_c', 'where', 'the', 'critical', 'values', 'are', 'determined', 'to', 'be', 'n_c2687825137752', 'numerically', 'it', 'seems', 'that', 'the', 'new', 'agegraphic', 'dark', 'energy', 'model', 'is', 'no', 'better', 'than', 'the', 'holographic', 'dark', 'energy', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'dark', 'energydominated', 'universe', 'even', 'though', 'it', 'resolves', 'the', 'causality', 'problem']]
[-0.1179826755974388, 0.18484226955244173, -0.18459474171440188, 0.19931680807897534, -0.10897009402441864, -0.16462169809696767, -0.07143895807317817, 0.31104071523564364, -0.22869833579931695, -0.3781039880731931, -0.012868681164064373, -0.24725632462650537, -0.04989688023208426, 0.13650885630721368, 0.022091826517134906, 0.005282564224035014, 0.002115470934838343, 0.050399111934865896, 0.01840574635156932, -0.28876028017570765, 0.3258565691711668, 0.11343900480558379, 0.2650685674725817, 0.07491845877912755, 0.12485142859737747, -0.08632691516899145, 0.029709924050033667, -0.016111526391110742, -0.2494680318770966, 0.034368936008720014, 0.2119021737136791, 0.12791237329097035, 0.2236187582835555, -0.39146952565956433, -0.30021676478477627, 0.25145505934308926, 0.1471689244839721, 0.14422990782813241, -0.05005918405502318, -0.26793589959494196, 0.09119946206919849, -0.20145791545152092, -0.14371929575975698, -0.05818394479126884, -0.019619148898010072, -0.04660902281309693, -0.19919927784313377, 0.1621192520770889, -0.044787061071166624, -0.13141993700813215, -0.1422958262157268, -0.0863619709888903, -0.01736859812293775, -0.024799125158684685, 0.0978599022456015, -0.01145437706190233, 0.12657482069558823, -0.2208144954369905, -0.013572097279561254, 0.4011138086565412, -0.11170034034842571, -0.16528697775815648, 0.1387911701682382, -0.08640402146579268, -0.09287288286364996, 0.08742879121385227, 0.07218673050117035, 0.07048194793124611, -0.13722667506987749, 0.13151404752637832, -0.0550672648080553, 0.1918156661809637, 0.05101708376672692, 0.004746427654754371, 0.29047828780917023, 0.1443991709419956, 0.06783500123195924, 0.09127026887861295, -0.061759481192208254, -0.14241254567885056, -0.3506637525171615, -0.20896338452943242, -0.21317375133579705, 0.0010471639456227423, -0.1005212134098446, -0.12661800862786968, 0.3875697584142192, 0.1373189651264021, 0.1663496097907997, 0.05187078002356709, 0.3111391464069199, 0.11265575430499246, -0.007355115761478933, 0.13812679837887676, 0.3536047228325445, 0.0815389010285099, 0.15219269832596183, -0.24044075229276832, -0.0004148000815453438, 0.02574673340870784]
709.2744
Efficient generation of an isolated single-cycle attosecond pulse
A new method for efficiently generating an isolated single-cycle attosecond pulse is proposed. It is shown that the ultraviolet (UV) attosecond pulse can be utilized as a robust tool to control the dynamics of electron wave packets (EWPs). By adding a UV attosecond pulse to an infrared (IR) few-cycle pulse at a proper time, only one return of the EWP to the parent ion is selected to effectively contribute to the harmonics, then an isolated two-cycle 130-as pulse with a bandwidth of 45 eV is obtained. After complementing the chirp, an isolated single-cycle attosecond pulse with a duration less than 100 as seems achievable. In addition, the contribution of the quantum trajectories can be selected by adjusting the delay between the IR and UV fields. Using this method, the harmonic and attosecond pulse yields are efficiently enhanced in contrast to the scheme [G. Sansone {\it et al.}, Science {\bf314}, 443 (2006)] using a few-cycle IR pulse in combination with the polarization gating technique.
physics.atom-ph physics.optics
a new method for efficiently generating an isolated singlecycle attosecond pulse is proposed it is shown that the ultraviolet uv attosecond pulse can be utilized as a robust tool to control the dynamics of electron wave packets ewps by adding a uv attosecond pulse to an infrared ir fewcycle pulse at a proper time only one return of the ewp to the parent ion is selected to effectively contribute to the harmonics then an isolated twocycle 130as pulse with a bandwidth of 45 ev is obtained after complementing the chirp an isolated singlecycle attosecond pulse with a duration less than 100 as seems achievable in addition the contribution of the quantum trajectories can be selected by adjusting the delay between the ir and uv fields using this method the harmonic and attosecond pulse yields are efficiently enhanced in contrast to the scheme g sansone it et al science bf314 443 2006 using a fewcycle ir pulse in combination with the polarization gating technique
[['a', 'new', 'method', 'for', 'efficiently', 'generating', 'an', 'isolated', 'singlecycle', 'attosecond', 'pulse', 'is', 'proposed', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'ultraviolet', 'uv', 'attosecond', 'pulse', 'can', 'be', 'utilized', 'as', 'a', 'robust', 'tool', 'to', 'control', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'electron', 'wave', 'packets', 'ewps', 'by', 'adding', 'a', 'uv', 'attosecond', 'pulse', 'to', 'an', 'infrared', 'ir', 'fewcycle', 'pulse', 'at', 'a', 'proper', 'time', 'only', 'one', 'return', 'of', 'the', 'ewp', 'to', 'the', 'parent', 'ion', 'is', 'selected', 'to', 'effectively', 'contribute', 'to', 'the', 'harmonics', 'then', 'an', 'isolated', 'twocycle', '130as', 'pulse', 'with', 'a', 'bandwidth', 'of', '45', 'ev', 'is', 'obtained', 'after', 'complementing', 'the', 'chirp', 'an', 'isolated', 'singlecycle', 'attosecond', 'pulse', 'with', 'a', 'duration', 'less', 'than', '100', 'as', 'seems', 'achievable', 'in', 'addition', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'trajectories', 'can', 'be', 'selected', 'by', 'adjusting', 'the', 'delay', 'between', 'the', 'ir', 'and', 'uv', 'fields', 'using', 'this', 'method', 'the', 'harmonic', 'and', 'attosecond', 'pulse', 'yields', 'are', 'efficiently', 'enhanced', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'the', 'scheme', 'g', 'sansone', 'it', 'et', 'al', 'science', 'bf314', '443', '2006', 'using', 'a', 'fewcycle', 'ir', 'pulse', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'the', 'polarization', 'gating', 'technique']]
[-0.060386204093447304, 0.17094988889621163, -0.11349674851808231, 0.05906503241203609, -0.02987254541949369, -0.12411982278863434, 0.043061710076290186, 0.5224531474057585, -0.25106247833828094, -0.3325582646415569, 0.02193898706100299, -0.2638705911755096, -0.06657776904758066, 0.26471704640352983, -0.05001662442227826, 0.05333756024192553, 0.027250477770576254, -0.04519030388910324, 0.00569036429078551, -0.20411463212803937, 0.221306275590905, 0.12242064325182582, 0.2218924147542566, 0.00044940648949705065, 0.08997042805131059, 0.027527653276047205, 0.007781018217792734, -0.06656729496462503, -0.06508889210040252, 0.09679383814091125, 0.2472668829926988, 0.08659108884166926, 0.2568911252710677, -0.4194508055690676, -0.26756624487170483, 0.04116239054710604, 0.1366691498697037, 0.14395261185709388, -0.07060711418744177, -0.2783641363173956, 0.04157654340306181, -0.13594501903280615, -0.1457557037298102, -0.012812659033806994, 0.02512412753421813, 0.0859150251315441, -0.30881712241171044, 0.011575583755620756, -0.007255746956070652, 0.0012614207807928324, -0.0020579334755893796, 0.02054246232146397, -0.034965648749494, 0.05880174442718271, -0.008446713048033416, 0.14698638585250592, 0.14455724074941828, -0.13182161522854585, -0.11028419616050086, 0.35846169473370537, -0.10111518174426237, -0.0533251995104365, 0.12144373194896615, -0.12837382492143662, -0.02312108722690027, 0.25900299895438367, 0.0958907168766018, 0.19053890251889244, -0.15355689767748118, 0.013517768837482435, 0.024586830494899913, 0.2611705909364218, 0.16596868647320662, 0.1073499772028299, 0.19251419983338564, 0.1644532834419806, 0.07911154101020657, 0.1232629877283216, -0.1383769399326411, 0.007760435093587148, -0.26173479450517334, -0.05744093725807033, -0.20228138419624883, 0.08107679787235611, -0.040856367972264704, -0.08874882765867369, 0.4546596693857964, 0.127285269110871, 0.12446443437365814, -0.01658154376782477, 0.30694863462704236, 0.18785077098400507, 0.030556416512990837, 0.05354470150341513, 0.25659363926388323, 0.11668386138917412, 0.0997636086132843, -0.2693626126565505, -0.014817227615276351, 0.029820131344604307]
709.2745
Thermodynamical properties of dark energy with the equation of state $% \omega =\omega_{0}+\omega_{1}z$
The thermodynamical properties of dark energy are usually investigated with the equation of state $\omega =\omega_{0}+\omega_{1}z$. Recent observations show that our universe is accelerating, and the apparent horizon and the event horizon vary with redshift $z$. When definitions of the temperature and entropy of a black hole are used to the two horizons of the universe, we examine the thermodynamical properties of the universe which is enveloped by the apparent horizon and the event horizon respectively. We show that the first and the second laws of thermodynamics inside the apparent horizon in any redshift are satisfied, while they are broken down inside the event horizon in some redshift. Therefore, the apparent horizon for the universe may be the boundary of thermodynamical equilibrium for the universe like the event horizon for a black hole.
astro-ph
the thermodynamical properties of dark energy are usually investigated with the equation of state omega omega_0omega_1z recent observations show that our universe is accelerating and the apparent horizon and the event horizon vary with redshift z when definitions of the temperature and entropy of a black hole are used to the two horizons of the universe we examine the thermodynamical properties of the universe which is enveloped by the apparent horizon and the event horizon respectively we show that the first and the second laws of thermodynamics inside the apparent horizon in any redshift are satisfied while they are broken down inside the event horizon in some redshift therefore the apparent horizon for the universe may be the boundary of thermodynamical equilibrium for the universe like the event horizon for a black hole
[['the', 'thermodynamical', 'properties', 'of', 'dark', 'energy', 'are', 'usually', 'investigated', 'with', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'omega', 'omega_0omega_1z', 'recent', 'observations', 'show', 'that', 'our', 'universe', 'is', 'accelerating', 'and', 'the', 'apparent', 'horizon', 'and', 'the', 'event', 'horizon', 'vary', 'with', 'redshift', 'z', 'when', 'definitions', 'of', 'the', 'temperature', 'and', 'entropy', 'of', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'the', 'two', 'horizons', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'we', 'examine', 'the', 'thermodynamical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'which', 'is', 'enveloped', 'by', 'the', 'apparent', 'horizon', 'and', 'the', 'event', 'horizon', 'respectively', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'first', 'and', 'the', 'second', 'laws', 'of', 'thermodynamics', 'inside', 'the', 'apparent', 'horizon', 'in', 'any', 'redshift', 'are', 'satisfied', 'while', 'they', 'are', 'broken', 'down', 'inside', 'the', 'event', 'horizon', 'in', 'some', 'redshift', 'therefore', 'the', 'apparent', 'horizon', 'for', 'the', 'universe', 'may', 'be', 'the', 'boundary', 'of', 'thermodynamical', 'equilibrium', 'for', 'the', 'universe', 'like', 'the', 'event', 'horizon', 'for', 'a', 'black', 'hole']]
[-0.1368995197540657, 0.13084703552621332, -0.13771884213201702, 0.13897506478701183, -0.0902790356723761, -0.07469709750236661, -0.009274978716293293, 0.33934377358915907, -0.20536345834702704, -0.29868757578008104, 0.1677602675768095, -0.3339278813677304, 0.007711608442618992, 0.16586651859688573, -0.02709963397038254, 0.029750692869790575, -0.01509516554704698, 0.08551125672194317, -0.08410377166673601, -0.24763625072117781, 0.3831206812720859, 0.11726118134560459, 0.22175002547517192, 0.023983930738529925, 0.15021259878377544, -0.05117732196319566, -0.007239356037285744, 0.11676123465242033, -0.19196088902467498, 0.0025883688076371045, 0.21440951589664276, 0.16107776495416395, 0.21511178164016173, -0.4034992330284281, -0.23409674167509587, 0.10563438638663766, 0.1474489721965228, 0.12299584291141594, -0.05566409124400128, -0.2752999875899122, 0.050367347818488874, -0.18601212339038312, -0.1647489237930682, 0.027038283441497973, 0.048285150858150286, -0.004989470948313476, -0.13791164180094545, 0.1882700366179713, 0.06309188028734009, -0.06016459038029566, -0.13809086597581027, -4.221383961990024e-05, -0.06908666963907749, 0.07508333876070207, 0.14237743043552406, -0.032187096786925176, 0.18736531232328466, -0.11913005013555063, -0.08739900928004786, 0.3546668898003797, -0.014978949916302085, -0.08757272355653571, 0.13660666650288145, -0.2691815852886066, -0.09953971247181692, 0.08764422715070065, 0.10505021236851021, 0.1554086263111623, -0.16402376443731942, 0.12192479684502662, 0.06314276861110446, 0.15184691141952167, 0.08143773614287828, 0.05868966006109434, 0.3716635946396061, 0.1250562490595533, 0.030532009737340337, 0.11757613863764246, -0.07734211862517634, -0.12006807875833615, -0.4018159307835793, -0.19917613722623861, -0.1652073055474003, 0.05005829009425008, -0.1996288111103323, -0.17378316292271132, 0.30214025497888075, 0.13047476913374284, 0.20733028569498635, 0.05438979264352273, 0.2325283643563814, 0.10708524353509402, 0.02239481916044359, 0.14688082324397383, 0.34459768042826466, 0.04291240513857426, 0.1525922117941787, -0.26816225009745476, 0.024560828951617816, 0.0479668098798191]
709.2746
Low energy H+CO scattering revisited: CO rotational excitation with new potential surfaces
A recent modeling study of brightness ratios for CO rotational transitions in gas typical of the diffuse ISM by Liszt found the role of H collisions to be more important than previously assumed. This conclusion was based on quantum scattering calculations using the so-called WKS potential energy surface (PES) which reported a large cross section for the important 0->1 rotational transition. New close-coupling (CC) rigid-rotor calculations for CO(v=0,J=0) excitation by H are performed on four different PESs. Two of the PESs are obtained in this work using state-of-the-art quantum chemistry techniques at the CCSD(T) and MRCI levels of theory. Cross sections for the J=0->1, as well as other odd Delta J, transitions are significantly suppressed compared to even Delta J transitions in thermal energy CC calculations using the CCSD(T) and MRCI surfaces. This is consistent with a expected even Delta J propensity and in contrast to CC calculations using the earlier WKS PES which predict a dominating 0->1 transition. The current results suggest that the original astrophysical assumption that excitation of CO by H_2 dominates the kinetics of CO in diffuse ISM gas is likely to remain valid.
astro-ph
a recent modeling study of brightness ratios for co rotational transitions in gas typical of the diffuse ism by liszt found the role of h collisions to be more important than previously assumed this conclusion was based on quantum scattering calculations using the socalled wks potential energy surface pes which reported a large cross section for the important 01 rotational transition new closecoupling cc rigidrotor calculations for cov0j0 excitation by h are performed on four different pess two of the pess are obtained in this work using stateoftheart quantum chemistry techniques at the ccsdt and mrci levels of theory cross sections for the j01 as well as other odd delta j transitions are significantly suppressed compared to even delta j transitions in thermal energy cc calculations using the ccsdt and mrci surfaces this is consistent with a expected even delta j propensity and in contrast to cc calculations using the earlier wks pes which predict a dominating 01 transition the current results suggest that the original astrophysical assumption that excitation of co by h_2 dominates the kinetics of co in diffuse ism gas is likely to remain valid
[['a', 'recent', 'modeling', 'study', 'of', 'brightness', 'ratios', 'for', 'co', 'rotational', 'transitions', 'in', 'gas', 'typical', 'of', 'the', 'diffuse', 'ism', 'by', 'liszt', 'found', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'h', 'collisions', 'to', 'be', 'more', 'important', 'than', 'previously', 'assumed', 'this', 'conclusion', 'was', 'based', 'on', 'quantum', 'scattering', 'calculations', 'using', 'the', 'socalled', 'wks', 'potential', 'energy', 'surface', 'pes', 'which', 'reported', 'a', 'large', 'cross', 'section', 'for', 'the', 'important', '01', 'rotational', 'transition', 'new', 'closecoupling', 'cc', 'rigidrotor', 'calculations', 'for', 'cov0j0', 'excitation', 'by', 'h', 'are', 'performed', 'on', 'four', 'different', 'pess', 'two', 'of', 'the', 'pess', 'are', 'obtained', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'using', 'stateoftheart', 'quantum', 'chemistry', 'techniques', 'at', 'the', 'ccsdt', 'and', 'mrci', 'levels', 'of', 'theory', 'cross', 'sections', 'for', 'the', 'j01', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'other', 'odd', 'delta', 'j', 'transitions', 'are', 'significantly', 'suppressed', 'compared', 'to', 'even', 'delta', 'j', 'transitions', 'in', 'thermal', 'energy', 'cc', 'calculations', 'using', 'the', 'ccsdt', 'and', 'mrci', 'surfaces', 'this', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'a', 'expected', 'even', 'delta', 'j', 'propensity', 'and', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'cc', 'calculations', 'using', 'the', 'earlier', 'wks', 'pes', 'which', 'predict', 'a', 'dominating', '01', 'transition', 'the', 'current', 'results', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'original', 'astrophysical', 'assumption', 'that', 'excitation', 'of', 'co', 'by', 'h_2', 'dominates', 'the', 'kinetics', 'of', 'co', 'in', 'diffuse', 'ism', 'gas', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'remain', 'valid']]
[-0.06251375145568032, 0.12524709588427457, -0.02545539957160751, 0.09320560969870477, 0.042189924522072715, -0.11885967186742252, 0.0501170516813985, 0.3739271234740974, -0.1796838144736705, -0.3209628776374263, -0.018456784723531856, -0.2936490110311938, -0.047833917767650655, 0.16274000592629917, 0.07236240052127389, 0.03339443363309387, 0.0559073672004004, -0.03805765296803207, -0.0717377745701621, -0.20452381152739768, 0.2962474480511681, 0.09994029189004333, 0.21698714019740076, 0.10415374429305635, -0.021622141223571072, -0.037675430001791126, -0.024358304899050703, -0.00891744943275567, -0.16025508805317365, 0.10933844901021114, 0.2820311538269243, 0.0017362056194894736, 0.1674943384589247, -0.4286316824195686, -0.23480277008787598, 0.04528230167074149, 0.13097857996841433, 0.10763189148643525, -0.018245958135183524, -0.24188414474408473, 0.029792043661776308, -0.15623463832357679, -0.11034358769495001, -0.0668561662352013, 0.052110887407976134, 0.02980039551007932, -0.2509509986316565, 0.12758298260310003, 0.018162935161687713, 0.06803781928113406, -0.08984965935689948, -0.21863090154472037, -0.09478923080423947, 0.03190301423541881, -0.005086178505813242, 0.09809553446072924, 0.1703358337493433, -0.08640564809821205, -0.08645600241343541, 0.43416906712997344, -0.0951493188933005, -0.10887813832490675, 0.22172241027201575, -0.15426944331416198, -0.16170438614508678, 0.2183242573262623, 0.08040876613132798, 0.13145153541793866, -0.13237875072105276, 0.08137534043948186, 0.018988422712095842, 0.15351348097801648, 0.07468687673349694, 0.0031404564137099892, 0.16351650584168653, 0.11528501095924958, -0.005748758112551064, 0.05402733008621351, -0.15465124566057917, -0.1080481040714589, -0.24192376830364748, -0.13522248232476813, -0.16733128444531992, 0.06678496570431537, -0.038741425490047485, -0.11451745806862751, 0.3089296118473955, 0.10555325335602686, 0.20658246854192489, -0.00608416092807367, 0.2956798259514354, 0.1245139966035382, 0.054655706018937995, 0.06696921152654806, 0.28242745357928595, 0.16490364414564665, 0.060773123175867146, -0.2526258817812558, 0.07434720352294565, 0.019383481602304645]
709.2747
Spin squeezing and maximal-squeezing time
Spin squeezing of a nonlinear interaction model with Josephson-like coupling is studied to obtain time scale of maximal squeezing. Based upon two exactly solvable cases for two and three particles, we find that the maximal-squeezing time depends on the level spacing between the ground state and its next neighbor eigenstate.
quant-ph cond-mat.other
spin squeezing of a nonlinear interaction model with josephsonlike coupling is studied to obtain time scale of maximal squeezing based upon two exactly solvable cases for two and three particles we find that the maximalsqueezing time depends on the level spacing between the ground state and its next neighbor eigenstate
[['spin', 'squeezing', 'of', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'interaction', 'model', 'with', 'josephsonlike', 'coupling', 'is', 'studied', 'to', 'obtain', 'time', 'scale', 'of', 'maximal', 'squeezing', 'based', 'upon', 'two', 'exactly', 'solvable', 'cases', 'for', 'two', 'and', 'three', 'particles', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'maximalsqueezing', 'time', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'level', 'spacing', 'between', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'and', 'its', 'next', 'neighbor', 'eigenstate']]
[-0.17647987870499493, 0.2328731348924339, -0.01919200935866684, 0.0603190573095344, -0.008328005596995354, -0.20261572184506804, 0.05488610494881868, 0.37915848463773727, -0.23984607140533626, -0.27284545174334196, 0.07249855457805097, -0.2755829377472401, -0.07494699679315091, 0.19206076208036393, 0.1293411345221102, 0.04193795283907093, 0.047466370575129986, 0.10161383427679539, -0.07624221001286059, -0.22833545234054328, 0.32824465063400565, -0.005910129509866238, 0.2792474983120337, 0.08719774922356009, 0.17004851305857302, 0.021444273954257367, 0.08890621544793248, -0.03781008972062409, -0.11976774529161048, 0.05015995506197214, 0.16076982749742455, 0.023112783143296838, 0.22961174212396146, -0.41525230776518585, -0.1336391943367198, 0.11462686846964061, 0.12330811563879251, 0.14644893372431397, 0.03599627598305233, -0.26578361509367826, -0.03698621043004095, -0.156279044020921, -0.1314692761003971, -0.05396591603755951, 0.039112878888845445, 0.007563202679157257, -0.27593595955520867, 0.1291021865606308, 0.053526464072056114, 0.016856033696312805, -0.04279398856917396, -0.09619852539151907, -0.04781310632824898, 0.11934326874092221, 0.04182952844770625, -0.024330671389470808, 0.08982331738807262, -0.12106089748442173, -0.13956842460203917, 0.3629256991297007, -0.10039971893653274, -0.20352405108511448, 0.17629966601263733, -0.15433608058840037, -0.08736031662672758, 0.05758082334883511, 0.12044986008666456, 0.07484312169253826, -0.12579502809792756, 0.08087186619406567, -0.01836382627952844, 0.23648585766553878, 0.06650344148278237, 0.06535497193224728, 0.17378874748945236, 0.18322262227535246, 0.10435617699055001, 0.15081518890336157, -0.1176548738393467, -0.16074984712526202, -0.2618419360369444, -0.10084077393636108, -0.2578824624978006, 0.040654202802106736, -0.10190840949246194, -0.1232526983693242, 0.4841224861890078, 0.17153385926038026, 0.18194062814116477, 0.08120412229560316, 0.22788737012073398, 0.14282900758087635, 0.016295291725546123, 0.040242602301295845, 0.3038856460992247, 0.11247971869073808, 0.01194808137603104, -0.32555171483196316, 0.012900369055569173, 0.09131190690677612]
709.2748
Super-resolution and non-diffraction longitudinal polarized beam
A method is presented for generation of a subwavelength (0.43 lambda) longitudinally polarized beam, which propagates without divergence over lengths of about 4 lambda in free space. This is achieved by controlling the amplitude, phase and polarization property of the Bessel-Gaussian field on the aperture of a high numerical aperture focusing lens.
physics.pop-ph physics.optics
a method is presented for generation of a subwavelength 043 lambda longitudinally polarized beam which propagates without divergence over lengths of about 4 lambda in free space this is achieved by controlling the amplitude phase and polarization property of the besselgaussian field on the aperture of a high numerical aperture focusing lens
[['a', 'method', 'is', 'presented', 'for', 'generation', 'of', 'a', 'subwavelength', '043', 'lambda', 'longitudinally', 'polarized', 'beam', 'which', 'propagates', 'without', 'divergence', 'over', 'lengths', 'of', 'about', '4', 'lambda', 'in', 'free', 'space', 'this', 'is', 'achieved', 'by', 'controlling', 'the', 'amplitude', 'phase', 'and', 'polarization', 'property', 'of', 'the', 'besselgaussian', 'field', 'on', 'the', 'aperture', 'of', 'a', 'high', 'numerical', 'aperture', 'focusing', 'lens']]
[-0.16997673176229, 0.19592108448537496, -0.06430616687374333, 0.002715331719418128, -0.03729928585772331, -0.1117441636026622, 0.0018455351058107156, 0.4583468552535543, -0.2358601349943246, -0.2759074906890209, 0.07512852272618777, -0.24554111525559655, -0.04159578355924728, 0.25253934861393645, 0.027222635636392694, 0.058486495507307924, 0.03449341654777527, -0.026709212778279416, -0.04777675399628396, -0.17401222770478433, 0.31337195448577404, 0.05775843721886094, 0.29452160917571746, 0.05575665861117439, 0.19621266225854364, 0.09170469412101039, -0.04151698055032354, 0.01419523221277184, -0.1124683648097114, 0.11758251305750142, 0.16714076936030045, 0.08001710254197511, 0.22229652067359823, -0.29907326579380494, -0.23700272668009767, 0.04702179683730579, 0.15694947358077535, 0.1043754780839663, -0.06891429201529647, -0.2691693479338518, 0.10245956793928948, -0.098357004346326, -0.19992938076253408, 0.021838745944058664, 0.001581034096978748, 0.01039799854445916, -0.2970651716996844, 0.03459590672551153, 0.040394012637149826, 0.11809229148695102, 0.005895824619353964, -0.1114150659324458, -0.03400330442505387, 0.03849374231560013, -0.004683219854576657, 0.12094037969990705, 0.09900682834044207, -0.18242686196194532, -0.03567046986203282, 0.3802504751186531, -0.06965493460973868, -0.20372011702364454, 0.05191462736827536, -0.22772333374282774, 0.03359823557548225, 0.23131575571516386, 0.20266106552802599, 0.13278859910161162, -0.06263521185610443, 0.06932781189747263, -0.0038827520195179833, 0.2696191630899333, 0.17010708373541442, 0.02562979101919784, 0.2127834317775873, 0.19880900849015093, 0.06714239878615794, 0.12634876984744692, -0.1532425760434797, -0.022996365916557036, -0.31563679800512123, -0.1237269051802846, -0.17091709138968816, 0.04866131361072453, -0.11815659664185099, -0.12148191314190626, 0.3832169895579752, 0.061805783215766914, 0.14433407043375504, 0.017586252582707226, 0.3177830281918152, 0.08425311377057089, 0.06228949160924038, -0.014656817589779027, 0.2639670174998733, 0.16771335551927152, 0.10667830778850028, -0.2438322046879106, -0.025842575096668534, -0.0029991840621313224]
709.2749
Single Atoms on an Optical Nanofiber
We show that single-atoms can be trapped on the surface of a subwavelength-diameter silica-fiber, an optical nanofiber, without any external field, and that single photons spontaneously emitted from the atoms can be readily detected through the single guided-mode of the nanofiber. A key point of the work is our finding that atom trapping sites are created on the nanofiber surface by irradiating the atom cloud around the nanofiber with a violet laser radiation.
quant-ph
we show that singleatoms can be trapped on the surface of a subwavelengthdiameter silicafiber an optical nanofiber without any external field and that single photons spontaneously emitted from the atoms can be readily detected through the single guidedmode of the nanofiber a key point of the work is our finding that atom trapping sites are created on the nanofiber surface by irradiating the atom cloud around the nanofiber with a violet laser radiation
[['we', 'show', 'that', 'singleatoms', 'can', 'be', 'trapped', 'on', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'a', 'subwavelengthdiameter', 'silicafiber', 'an', 'optical', 'nanofiber', 'without', 'any', 'external', 'field', 'and', 'that', 'single', 'photons', 'spontaneously', 'emitted', 'from', 'the', 'atoms', 'can', 'be', 'readily', 'detected', 'through', 'the', 'single', 'guidedmode', 'of', 'the', 'nanofiber', 'a', 'key', 'point', 'of', 'the', 'work', 'is', 'our', 'finding', 'that', 'atom', 'trapping', 'sites', 'are', 'created', 'on', 'the', 'nanofiber', 'surface', 'by', 'irradiating', 'the', 'atom', 'cloud', 'around', 'the', 'nanofiber', 'with', 'a', 'violet', 'laser', 'radiation']]
[-0.0922976517262803, 0.2595525687303424, -0.06690383377209516, -0.08416481014434576, 0.01053963352362035, -0.15983540006637784, 0.05633796313384049, 0.4908883726932633, -0.2237796850738601, -0.2793693953836468, 0.0006003969768718095, -0.3103095467897578, -0.051207483916635245, 0.24270316625250057, 0.008989137694121562, -0.018959185305300733, 0.08664413685516888, -0.00814793989534529, 0.05665323547822174, -0.18888486347580985, 0.2975188143236536, 0.0786176586759762, 0.253919917132548, 0.0922826821719047, 0.08214737223723614, 0.00528423594389583, 0.10983750759296014, -0.016668417818949257, -0.05649075905854312, 0.1657610997690042, 0.15072631140724874, 0.04033087805228334, 0.22097097935391144, -0.5219501570444292, -0.2509144031849336, 0.08043519037605172, 0.1860048556765935, 0.18354436915210434, -0.11863801980220622, -0.3548721028885371, 0.012874809716841285, -0.08236968622241221, -0.15553016098163708, 0.0005542632376014347, -0.04961205072353371, 0.07476731258588777, -0.2372930770556272, -0.07070590202158815, 0.022951276736779953, 0.07658603698061123, -0.06763766231146497, 0.042500863232138295, -0.07374807288148769, 0.03433323121944468, -0.051184796121522366, 0.08148414698022773, 0.30256187591150824, -0.1178630100773044, -0.05128631269244451, 0.3778832233970014, -0.15534173349626887, -0.09482196402329375, 0.13970186842546445, -0.1454262111637689, 0.01330377596994521, 0.20835847167534308, 0.1433020979231617, 0.1562660473569388, -0.12026737851392426, 0.021693188906155368, -0.06887987976513384, 0.2411050896318531, 0.17359212125507248, 0.041959649719245415, 0.3267341898360723, 0.1304262591079927, 0.014846901383093546, 0.21480932953426432, -0.18807431544808706, -0.014330797274531404, -0.27504994328671567, -0.184309052772374, -0.2618314764973983, 0.062011109809325615, -0.08259249910114588, -0.1252928413450718, 0.3474525905634001, 0.10214354509723858, 0.15964387438561714, -0.09307780356841608, 0.3274289638748471, 0.13173373601182928, 0.11906705429436455, 0.026027597450900455, 0.3257814429070748, 0.0857102228623723, 0.00785890432782996, -0.26836889884172294, -0.02279208797935239, -0.011252576970613338]
709.275
A solution to the hierarchy problem from an almost decoupled hidden sector within a classically scale invariant theory
If scale invariance is a classical symmetry then both the Planck scale and the weak scale should emerge as quantum effects. We show that this can be realized in simple scale invariant theories with a hidden sector. The weak/Planck scale hierarchy emerges in the (technically natural) limit where the hidden sector decouples from the ordinary sector. The weak scale is protected from quadratic divergences because of classical scale invariance, so there is no hierarchy problem.
hep-ph hep-th
if scale invariance is a classical symmetry then both the planck scale and the weak scale should emerge as quantum effects we show that this can be realized in simple scale invariant theories with a hidden sector the weakplanck scale hierarchy emerges in the technically natural limit where the hidden sector decouples from the ordinary sector the weak scale is protected from quadratic divergences because of classical scale invariance so there is no hierarchy problem
[['if', 'scale', 'invariance', 'is', 'a', 'classical', 'symmetry', 'then', 'both', 'the', 'planck', 'scale', 'and', 'the', 'weak', 'scale', 'should', 'emerge', 'as', 'quantum', 'effects', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'can', 'be', 'realized', 'in', 'simple', 'scale', 'invariant', 'theories', 'with', 'a', 'hidden', 'sector', 'the', 'weakplanck', 'scale', 'hierarchy', 'emerges', 'in', 'the', 'technically', 'natural', 'limit', 'where', 'the', 'hidden', 'sector', 'decouples', 'from', 'the', 'ordinary', 'sector', 'the', 'weak', 'scale', 'is', 'protected', 'from', 'quadratic', 'divergences', 'because', 'of', 'classical', 'scale', 'invariance', 'so', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'hierarchy', 'problem']]
[-0.15584162121017775, 0.2726645488291979, -0.10272253673523664, 0.1881367214055111, -0.12663163817798098, -0.15030546226538719, -0.022836846336722373, 0.2515947928031286, -0.38849637309710183, -0.30994582895189526, 0.14679704608395697, -0.2436153906583786, -0.1387178848683834, 0.09806380214790503, 0.007960371940086286, 0.04364122206966082, -0.029233325376796227, 0.03929916468759378, -0.06851290831808, -0.17938400264829396, 0.3591615351724128, 0.04102416151824097, 0.30108461204916237, 0.054923233166337015, 0.13239466726159055, -0.059277614870419104, 0.0381049702813228, 0.031304593421518805, -0.018185639894121173, 0.054742915839888155, 0.19264218107486764, 0.07313295075049003, 0.2006983107297371, -0.4186348294125249, -0.20030116345733404, 0.133398764791588, 0.1416430441662669, 0.15090895091493925, -0.03461232808729013, -0.29616899870336055, 0.08011814033146948, -0.13274998055770992, -0.13745098708818357, -0.076453952845186, -0.04259586003298561, -0.16190961935867865, -0.258670213719209, 0.14487248707873127, 0.030898516594121853, 0.053287709479530654, 0.04393231529742479, -0.023544414388015866, -0.04394318412989378, 0.08543606838832299, 0.13409107168670745, 0.017891272411992152, 0.13959082065926243, -0.1845635241487374, -0.09873195611561338, 0.4682261233528455, -0.1083157783250014, -0.20632040592531364, 0.1756027644655357, -0.12587385499849915, -0.21073996587345997, 0.042982002732654415, 0.07995256032329053, 0.08224982517616203, -0.10006615230813623, 0.2571430359648851, -0.10327525359888871, 0.2553531981507937, 0.04825990987320741, 0.08406385329707215, 0.22638788990676403, 0.1361814022064209, 0.12456248010198276, 0.09089482478021334, -0.030229353681206703, -0.17910816199456653, -0.3835848108927409, -0.08070843833188215, -0.15588651498779654, 0.08451618428497265, -0.06914019842302271, -0.13135596399505933, 0.3201826150466998, 0.1454241617380952, 0.2192681520851329, 0.09779086574291189, 0.21925508320331574, 0.15018186057452113, 0.17947081138690313, 0.05779716777149588, 0.2686638059094548, 0.02913580518215895, 0.07309457381566366, -0.19653166634961963, -0.017318590693175793, 0.06665378638853629]
709.2751
Instabilities of relativistic mean field models and the role of nonlinear terms
The instability of nuclear matter due to particle-hole excitation modes has been studied in the frame-work of several relativistic mean field (RMF) models. It is found that both the longitudinal and the transversal modes depend sensitively on the parameter sets used. The important impact of the vector and vector-scalar nonlinear terms on the stability of both modes is demonstrated. Our finding corroborates the result of previous studies, namely that certain RMF models cannot be used in high density applications. However, we show that for certain parameter sets of RMF models this shortcoming can be alleviated by adding these nonlinear terms.
nucl-th astro-ph hep-ph
the instability of nuclear matter due to particlehole excitation modes has been studied in the framework of several relativistic mean field rmf models it is found that both the longitudinal and the transversal modes depend sensitively on the parameter sets used the important impact of the vector and vectorscalar nonlinear terms on the stability of both modes is demonstrated our finding corroborates the result of previous studies namely that certain rmf models cannot be used in high density applications however we show that for certain parameter sets of rmf models this shortcoming can be alleviated by adding these nonlinear terms
[['the', 'instability', 'of', 'nuclear', 'matter', 'due', 'to', 'particlehole', 'excitation', 'modes', 'has', 'been', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'several', 'relativistic', 'mean', 'field', 'rmf', 'models', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'both', 'the', 'longitudinal', 'and', 'the', 'transversal', 'modes', 'depend', 'sensitively', 'on', 'the', 'parameter', 'sets', 'used', 'the', 'important', 'impact', 'of', 'the', 'vector', 'and', 'vectorscalar', 'nonlinear', 'terms', 'on', 'the', 'stability', 'of', 'both', 'modes', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'our', 'finding', 'corroborates', 'the', 'result', 'of', 'previous', 'studies', 'namely', 'that', 'certain', 'rmf', 'models', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'used', 'in', 'high', 'density', 'applications', 'however', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'certain', 'parameter', 'sets', 'of', 'rmf', 'models', 'this', 'shortcoming', 'can', 'be', 'alleviated', 'by', 'adding', 'these', 'nonlinear', 'terms']]
[-0.11236180658313898, 0.15795426847099667, -0.09221030512621792, 0.0880904095166704, -0.04996213440479028, -0.08127383176827489, -0.040293105481432216, 0.33680957410078827, -0.2076161299730734, -0.2897274274987602, 0.056824924481922, -0.22668318716016148, -0.1446290292251523, 0.20741677859632096, -0.01289627468386333, 0.07733808210728192, 0.04423963721371302, 0.037957666414135165, -0.04565337248893436, -0.23846947691762949, 0.34808918177196296, 0.04552047908084818, 0.314282895019739, 0.09451553466531568, 0.07236945192504785, 0.0025673302185564937, 0.00041526968194411534, 0.08229491837544016, -0.12875165087555587, 0.07958153463752553, 0.2301662168929127, 0.08421427359813732, 0.2783583340299602, -0.43061316673560895, -0.29487569707602557, 0.1261711483959588, 0.17617678901383488, 0.1420002061145214, -0.01848133613521436, -0.27008606418321773, 0.05568960570905468, -0.17215441214381763, -0.11255460062368523, -0.1345838146505527, -0.028904380132720835, 0.054915725662704966, -0.2657690564179701, 0.09839065218030817, 0.05455095282211752, 0.030527677824997372, -0.10211824187271223, -0.16947123292593821, -0.04140070039493096, 0.0469043573115648, 0.11121171359249418, 0.03728354322530403, 0.12352072820528456, -0.1555065950955089, -0.09928045474398549, 0.39385596699643843, -0.07849637749558776, -0.23375291977594098, 0.18117900924886218, -0.12694966148050263, -0.11874477704641141, 0.09271058501067138, 0.16826470853705514, 0.11921205836818508, -0.09379472406488834, 0.10805517996518439, -0.03551261573061716, 0.16378140451598655, 0.034173145131807366, 0.035440351864747185, 0.19126581924386543, 0.13518357105866666, -0.0018399273688526879, 0.08346671857963325, -0.08731297540506071, -0.09142125356426038, -0.29381411832222476, -0.05401879095352522, -0.13933030954829537, -0.0412262947836575, -0.07441828593509134, -0.1465632095010859, 0.4364396754264979, 0.16821613506332447, 0.18363658198625735, -0.020250061508452537, 0.26155743751638005, 0.17660593087346949, 0.08568754290590191, 0.062104389576315144, 0.3409153306395701, 0.17116835302359765, 0.022724754379896243, -0.27806226762546465, 0.07815770861591295, 0.013050539790200863]
709.2752
Random Walk Access Times on Partially-Disordered Complex Networks: an Effective Medium Theory
An analytic effective medium theory is constructed to study the mean access times for random walks on hybrid disordered structures formed by embedding complex networks into regular lattices, considering transition rates $F$ that are different for steps across lattice bonds from the rates $f$ across network shortcuts. The theory is developed for structures with arbitrary shortcut distributions and applied to a class of partially-disordered traversal enhanced networks in which shortcuts of fixed length are distributed randomly with finite probability. Numerical simulations are found to be in excellent agreement with predictions of the effective medium theory on all aspects addressed by the latter. Access times for random walks on these partially disordered structures are compared to those on small-world networks, which on average appear to provide the most effective means of decreasing access times uniformly across the network.
cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech
an analytic effective medium theory is constructed to study the mean access times for random walks on hybrid disordered structures formed by embedding complex networks into regular lattices considering transition rates f that are different for steps across lattice bonds from the rates f across network shortcuts the theory is developed for structures with arbitrary shortcut distributions and applied to a class of partiallydisordered traversal enhanced networks in which shortcuts of fixed length are distributed randomly with finite probability numerical simulations are found to be in excellent agreement with predictions of the effective medium theory on all aspects addressed by the latter access times for random walks on these partially disordered structures are compared to those on smallworld networks which on average appear to provide the most effective means of decreasing access times uniformly across the network
[['an', 'analytic', 'effective', 'medium', 'theory', 'is', 'constructed', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'mean', 'access', 'times', 'for', 'random', 'walks', 'on', 'hybrid', 'disordered', 'structures', 'formed', 'by', 'embedding', 'complex', 'networks', 'into', 'regular', 'lattices', 'considering', 'transition', 'rates', 'f', 'that', 'are', 'different', 'for', 'steps', 'across', 'lattice', 'bonds', 'from', 'the', 'rates', 'f', 'across', 'network', 'shortcuts', 'the', 'theory', 'is', 'developed', 'for', 'structures', 'with', 'arbitrary', 'shortcut', 'distributions', 'and', 'applied', 'to', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'partiallydisordered', 'traversal', 'enhanced', 'networks', 'in', 'which', 'shortcuts', 'of', 'fixed', 'length', 'are', 'distributed', 'randomly', 'with', 'finite', 'probability', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'in', 'excellent', 'agreement', 'with', 'predictions', 'of', 'the', 'effective', 'medium', 'theory', 'on', 'all', 'aspects', 'addressed', 'by', 'the', 'latter', 'access', 'times', 'for', 'random', 'walks', 'on', 'these', 'partially', 'disordered', 'structures', 'are', 'compared', 'to', 'those', 'on', 'smallworld', 'networks', 'which', 'on', 'average', 'appear', 'to', 'provide', 'the', 'most', 'effective', 'means', 'of', 'decreasing', 'access', 'times', 'uniformly', 'across', 'the', 'network']]
[-0.13535283286618172, 0.1726246578594454, -0.03931542119881424, 0.045841704868162594, 0.020814740297853622, -0.1576291505675627, 0.05698361158129644, 0.4623365970940268, -0.2502236032737827, -0.2579951800174848, 0.0639322741215464, -0.2767779327874636, -0.14528030137290132, 0.17911024160520003, 0.004305191504612674, 0.04954875538883608, 0.03863328740503775, 0.0227760914161871, -0.04125179417506132, -0.2637981657129135, 0.2744330178689633, 0.039953291589516576, 0.32961630867454256, -0.0006401120713932345, 0.04113619052295158, 0.011347272926114073, -0.020736574085708028, 0.05608470673863198, -0.1283865385626916, 0.12477549265587472, 0.24311573262306024, 0.018417278284302157, 0.22623449753983504, -0.4842784428411592, -0.28192813124806776, 0.07841488640979748, 0.150605655608386, 0.10871155444281108, -0.01600667514862071, -0.30874221828038784, 0.13862967881353666, -0.13601262911297654, -0.10033908895604367, -0.0633707573147912, 0.03760560851435374, 0.07356260971839193, -0.29204117067593294, 0.033887344218975775, -0.00511450999939855, 0.04257550878946527, -0.01508951285874376, -0.0918443776109684, -0.0006640096480557083, 0.13841240264111654, -0.021860040387777734, 0.04023191791850339, 0.13153437798992343, -0.088644420571734, -0.12785999612019391, 0.37580173042514464, -0.03225613575102421, -0.19384597937311351, 0.20996685826430356, -0.08922302654271361, -0.1131368038910747, 0.149955756241714, 0.1988705354436797, 0.10570251124564313, -0.12973681136279155, 0.059688667426426235, -0.021245563518337524, 0.12366327103295356, 0.05943502854882148, 0.042923967676425444, 0.18326181366726974, 0.14485883207679012, 0.08074069762072206, 0.1178056352022342, 0.007952824603752608, -0.19953384145373737, -0.22654544934970292, -0.048763545624313565, -0.2041863666985007, 0.0725611882202708, -0.16204020409429715, -0.1835312715486834, 0.3800793791352941, 0.12433805026243148, 0.2226172502655672, 0.11098024195988908, 0.23501288564875722, 0.09021820467182973, 0.08214158156587587, 0.09891468369959425, 0.14071017720763754, 0.15015681733863334, 0.05638582696526372, -0.1300233265807356, 0.07867881219390521, 0.06968539124558659]
709.2753
Considerations for an Ac Dipole for the LHC
Following successful experience at the BNL AGS, FNAL Tevatron, and CERN SPS, an AC Dipole will be adopted at the LHC for rapid measurements of ring optics. This paper describes some of the parameters of the AC dipole for the LHC, scaling from performance of the FNAL and BNL devices.
physics.acc-ph
following successful experience at the bnl ags fnal tevatron and cern sps an ac dipole will be adopted at the lhc for rapid measurements of ring optics this paper describes some of the parameters of the ac dipole for the lhc scaling from performance of the fnal and bnl devices
[['following', 'successful', 'experience', 'at', 'the', 'bnl', 'ags', 'fnal', 'tevatron', 'and', 'cern', 'sps', 'an', 'ac', 'dipole', 'will', 'be', 'adopted', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'for', 'rapid', 'measurements', 'of', 'ring', 'optics', 'this', 'paper', 'describes', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'ac', 'dipole', 'for', 'the', 'lhc', 'scaling', 'from', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'fnal', 'and', 'bnl', 'devices']]
[-0.06481930767651647, 0.2052975021491875, -0.13970758616924286, 0.0349656472238712, -0.05688559748232365, -0.19436331138014792, -0.019446671397890896, 0.3488938558101654, -0.1891563891246915, -0.2610309511050582, 0.006713462024927139, -0.3544097027182579, 0.06725246084854007, 0.2939001839607954, 0.03563584322109818, 0.11195110365748405, 0.13351267255842686, -0.04033504880964756, -0.06270722281187772, -0.23175756718963383, 0.25650801915675403, 0.2085694431886077, 0.32444436447694897, 0.15693585086613893, 0.08348585860803723, 0.03531582788564265, 0.035783357145264746, -0.054105331897735594, -0.05623151810839772, 0.08768034864217043, 0.33683562198420985, 0.10429455835372209, 0.176409385567531, -0.45838502086699007, -0.01124041724950075, 0.07115594772621989, 0.05783998236060142, 0.10512044657021762, -0.12718042021617293, -0.23540339998900892, 0.07905214715749026, -0.2681469132564962, -0.17271167419356062, 0.03186543034389615, -0.018561393953859806, 0.03691952998749912, -0.3382573772594333, -0.05428206745535135, -0.06666051730513572, 0.16560477033257484, -0.01747460595710436, -0.25301219839602707, 0.053838610481470824, 0.02134472337551415, 0.04026282530277967, 0.0646327200345695, 0.17684462744742632, -0.16596846904139967, -0.17874152302742005, 0.33028274707496164, 0.010950519219040871, -0.006650602575391531, 0.1668993305368349, -0.2784091299213469, -0.14530001989565788, 0.08375051748007536, 0.28437097668182104, 0.029155159015208484, -0.24113708164542913, 0.08229636491974816, 0.02966160885989666, 0.12544426940381526, 0.11076337384874932, -0.022547652907669545, 0.22440775170456617, 0.2403732344135642, 0.044889267106191254, 0.04575789795955643, -0.1088664542324841, 0.009229582138359546, -0.43944673232734205, -0.05038718901574612, -0.10926971979439258, -0.01903146555647254, 0.007317818161682226, 0.005410392470657825, 0.3962646811455488, 0.15281880151480437, 0.18045071851462124, -0.002351362616755068, 0.3541138837113976, 0.08417101230239496, 0.09463491720147431, 0.033344572335481645, 0.3419339590083109, 0.08773083558306098, 0.3347469576448202, -0.3118512284429744, 0.05269765911623835, 0.040994844730012116]
709.2754
Slowly Rotating Dilaton Black hole In Anti-de Sitter Spacetime
Rotating dilaton black hole solution for asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime are obtained in the small angular momentum limit with an appropriate combination of three Liouville-type dilaton potentials. The angular momentum, magnetic dipole moment and the gyromagnetic ratio of such a black hole are determined for arbitrary values of the dilaton-electromagnetic coupling parameter.
hep-th gr-qc
rotating dilaton black hole solution for asymptotically antide sitter spacetime are obtained in the small angular momentum limit with an appropriate combination of three liouvilletype dilaton potentials the angular momentum magnetic dipole moment and the gyromagnetic ratio of such a black hole are determined for arbitrary values of the dilatonelectromagnetic coupling parameter
[['rotating', 'dilaton', 'black', 'hole', 'solution', 'for', 'asymptotically', 'antide', 'sitter', 'spacetime', 'are', 'obtained', 'in', 'the', 'small', 'angular', 'momentum', 'limit', 'with', 'an', 'appropriate', 'combination', 'of', 'three', 'liouvilletype', 'dilaton', 'potentials', 'the', 'angular', 'momentum', 'magnetic', 'dipole', 'moment', 'and', 'the', 'gyromagnetic', 'ratio', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'are', 'determined', 'for', 'arbitrary', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'dilatonelectromagnetic', 'coupling', 'parameter']]
[-0.23071278475086168, 0.18486497471754915, 0.007598939602478192, 0.11863436811388685, -0.09688681217197043, -0.17684345089722997, -0.05421924505432029, 0.31491324670899373, -0.1188240097119258, -0.2991219339534067, 0.028116043798106078, -0.30207987086704147, 0.007606321945786476, 0.16939621780497524, 0.02330987610352727, 0.09068629800934175, -0.03661639627982648, 0.03191448761544262, -0.10842486229152061, -0.16440706325766558, 0.4126371076473823, 0.07064276105330254, 0.2360549345612526, -0.0326143405937518, 0.1600689918268472, 0.013074735931765575, 0.07495872061162327, 0.07774269688301362, -0.18718957901000977, 0.024073641997976944, 0.17051656884499466, 0.009510427964134859, 0.1260338813209763, -0.3387769266533164, -0.15577189332375732, 0.053687782313388124, 0.18513600457047757, 0.171894021359129, -0.1280877683401251, -0.2653055339335249, 0.004855435001305663, -0.20148356484535795, -0.2282316259896526, -0.1373685768339783, 0.0937973501590582, -0.006372492760419846, -0.3208927568048239, 0.15155496498426566, 0.05080995318264915, -0.05974126109280265, -0.21666867839387402, -0.11958857568410727, -0.10401025726101719, 0.041366879210377544, 0.23328741836863068, 0.0894880988008271, 0.1890077945561363, -0.10513844210296296, -0.07146583527971345, 0.28029516625862855, -0.0876942658976007, -0.30527472165760206, 0.06123600477496019, -0.2784342161523035, -0.059903376341725774, 0.11206753186594981, 0.13608779117035177, 0.24151074279171342, -0.12162557274747926, 0.22986378051371922, 0.05147818181341371, 0.15268036941639507, 0.19478539563715458, 0.1047477456741035, 0.41744367814121336, 0.07087788163111187, 0.01723618062141423, 0.11691460006225568, -0.07013182642941292, -0.09936557622411503, -0.3222635012263289, -0.114147304610994, -0.19044509732227127, 0.1552358609266006, -0.3303065000976718, -0.19681835079637283, 0.26307337552022475, 0.016725489511512794, 0.2016491230863791, 0.00894045102624939, 0.24707090517935845, 0.12442488656737484, 0.0041905660182237625, 0.1124514842298455, 0.41069906992981065, 0.1689443746715999, 0.1528812046879186, -0.31232246133283925, -0.14714612352411047, 0.15051173998150402]
709.2755
Different representations of Euclidean geometry and their application to the space-time geometry
Three different representation of the proper Euclidean geometry are considered. They differ in the number of basic elements, from which the geometrical objects are constructed. In E-representation there are three basic elements (point, segment, angle) and no additional structures. V-representation contains two basic elements (point, vector) and additional structure: linear vector space. In sigma-representation there is only one basic element and additional structure: world function \sigma =\rho^{2}/2, where \rho is the distance. The concept of distance appears in all representations. However, as a structure, determining the geometry, the distance appears only in the sigma-representation. The sigma-representation is most appropriate for modification of the proper Euclidean geometry. Practically any modification of the proper Euclidean geometry turns it into multivariant geometry, where there are many vectors Q_0Q_1, Q_0Q_1^{\prime},..., which are equal to the vector P_0P_1, but they are not equal between themselves, in general. Concept of multivariance is very important in application to the space-time geometry. The real space-time geometry is multivariant. Multivariance of the space-time geometry is responsible for quantum effects.
math.GM
three different representation of the proper euclidean geometry are considered they differ in the number of basic elements from which the geometrical objects are constructed in erepresentation there are three basic elements point segment angle and no additional structures vrepresentation contains two basic elements point vector and additional structure linear vector space in sigmarepresentation there is only one basic element and additional structure world function sigma rho22 where rho is the distance the concept of distance appears in all representations however as a structure determining the geometry the distance appears only in the sigmarepresentation the sigmarepresentation is most appropriate for modification of the proper euclidean geometry practically any modification of the proper euclidean geometry turns it into multivariant geometry where there are many vectors q_0q_1 q_0q_1prime which are equal to the vector p_0p_1 but they are not equal between themselves in general concept of multivariance is very important in application to the spacetime geometry the real spacetime geometry is multivariant multivariance of the spacetime geometry is responsible for quantum effects
[['three', 'different', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'proper', 'euclidean', 'geometry', 'are', 'considered', 'they', 'differ', 'in', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'basic', 'elements', 'from', 'which', 'the', 'geometrical', 'objects', 'are', 'constructed', 'in', 'erepresentation', 'there', 'are', 'three', 'basic', 'elements', 'point', 'segment', 'angle', 'and', 'no', 'additional', 'structures', 'vrepresentation', 'contains', 'two', 'basic', 'elements', 'point', 'vector', 'and', 'additional', 'structure', 'linear', 'vector', 'space', 'in', 'sigmarepresentation', 'there', 'is', 'only', 'one', 'basic', 'element', 'and', 'additional', 'structure', 'world', 'function', 'sigma', 'rho22', 'where', 'rho', 'is', 'the', 'distance', 'the', 'concept', 'of', 'distance', 'appears', 'in', 'all', 'representations', 'however', 'as', 'a', 'structure', 'determining', 'the', 'geometry', 'the', 'distance', 'appears', 'only', 'in', 'the', 'sigmarepresentation', 'the', 'sigmarepresentation', 'is', 'most', 'appropriate', 'for', 'modification', 'of', 'the', 'proper', 'euclidean', 'geometry', 'practically', 'any', 'modification', 'of', 'the', 'proper', 'euclidean', 'geometry', 'turns', 'it', 'into', 'multivariant', 'geometry', 'where', 'there', 'are', 'many', 'vectors', 'q_0q_1', 'q_0q_1prime', 'which', 'are', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'vector', 'p_0p_1', 'but', 'they', 'are', 'not', 'equal', 'between', 'themselves', 'in', 'general', 'concept', 'of', 'multivariance', 'is', 'very', 'important', 'in', 'application', 'to', 'the', 'spacetime', 'geometry', 'the', 'real', 'spacetime', 'geometry', 'is', 'multivariant', 'multivariance', 'of', 'the', 'spacetime', 'geometry', 'is', 'responsible', 'for', 'quantum', 'effects']]
[-0.15842222775232248, 0.1351314519269219, -0.0817413542776586, 0.10273205911919117, -0.10695881049377387, -0.1426901325955011, -0.04333097377964881, 0.3847623314530014, -0.29871771497230887, -0.25189353978473267, 0.09926517183186966, -0.2673351757931049, -0.16851736387254637, 0.16400680151171312, -0.06970517732716071, -0.0011262545873784644, 0.005065066194938863, 0.10067889190831049, -0.08687224191011203, -0.21156779923866653, 0.3631052792512862, 0.0029750667368814705, 0.25008383763028297, -0.01159126602369779, 0.11470279972554145, 0.023389740141588237, -0.044276594758050486, 0.068558119753101, -0.07404232767973831, 0.11820808083619253, 0.24624936999808886, 0.1401498713279645, 0.19795640003951098, -0.3793859581970526, -0.2067998733683796, 0.10815608046926603, 0.0966088429294125, 0.0836312992722744, -0.010104535179614217, -0.22180043742991984, 0.09071631344247186, -0.06770721056308976, -0.1400791415442785, -0.031034388680681643, 0.07451036783258715, -0.033570868677660425, -0.19506846277934115, 0.024324566346152637, 0.08137649342049649, 0.06196045884332748, -0.04250911144612212, -0.14124031516536512, -0.037584871510991796, 0.15639588658134648, 0.024798379092850906, 0.06228285504318216, 0.12145009443085797, -0.09203927120884663, -0.07057197775111762, 0.41975182288153445, 0.01736049505416304, -0.29288163797338745, 0.178431016900493, -0.1556785487971397, -0.09187608894412434, 0.1147967893672092, 0.14139883545322154, 0.09760087697270388, -0.13814466442002407, 0.15797129646396754, -0.054807502135054434, 0.1387658096319427, 0.09864278474521494, 0.0687469100049128, 0.19355150697122658, 0.09007847627267955, 0.05766581720498273, 0.08403754473836747, -0.04991395361888819, -0.15182157770680363, -0.37375615688855063, -0.1569917614036379, -0.169891394211208, 0.058682925582387274, -0.16847042383566502, -0.18647571703318708, 0.3328702010487591, 0.06834679935127497, 0.21726744429035458, -0.07062605462137408, 0.26071414044740315, 0.0702369827547105, 0.09897924986044726, 0.10545676023124935, 0.23786023697776798, 0.14514969085332027, 0.020260031410342383, -0.12770227954372998, 0.058144186282513693, 0.10507806924779615]
709.2756
Evolution of the spin Hall effect in Pt nanowires: Size and temperature effects
We have studied the evolution of the Spin Hall Effect in the regime where the material size responsible for the spin accumulation is either smaller or larger than the spin diffusion length. Lateral spin valve structures with Pt insertions were successfully used to measure the spin absorption efficiency as well as the spin accumulation in Pt induced through the spin Hall effect. Under a constant applied current the results show a decrease of the spin accumulation signal is more pronounced as the Pt thickness exceeds the spin diffusion length. This implies that the spin accumulation originates from bulk scattering inside the Pt wire and the spin diffusion length limits the SHE. We have also analyzed the temperature variation of the spin hall conductivity to identify the dominant scattering mechanism.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hall
we have studied the evolution of the spin hall effect in the regime where the material size responsible for the spin accumulation is either smaller or larger than the spin diffusion length lateral spin valve structures with pt insertions were successfully used to measure the spin absorption efficiency as well as the spin accumulation in pt induced through the spin hall effect under a constant applied current the results show a decrease of the spin accumulation signal is more pronounced as the pt thickness exceeds the spin diffusion length this implies that the spin accumulation originates from bulk scattering inside the pt wire and the spin diffusion length limits the she we have also analyzed the temperature variation of the spin hall conductivity to identify the dominant scattering mechanism
[['we', 'have', 'studied', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'spin', 'hall', 'effect', 'in', 'the', 'regime', 'where', 'the', 'material', 'size', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'spin', 'accumulation', 'is', 'either', 'smaller', 'or', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'spin', 'diffusion', 'length', 'lateral', 'spin', 'valve', 'structures', 'with', 'pt', 'insertions', 'were', 'successfully', 'used', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'spin', 'absorption', 'efficiency', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'spin', 'accumulation', 'in', 'pt', 'induced', 'through', 'the', 'spin', 'hall', 'effect', 'under', 'a', 'constant', 'applied', 'current', 'the', 'results', 'show', 'a', 'decrease', 'of', 'the', 'spin', 'accumulation', 'signal', 'is', 'more', 'pronounced', 'as', 'the', 'pt', 'thickness', 'exceeds', 'the', 'spin', 'diffusion', 'length', 'this', 'implies', 'that', 'the', 'spin', 'accumulation', 'originates', 'from', 'bulk', 'scattering', 'inside', 'the', 'pt', 'wire', 'and', 'the', 'spin', 'diffusion', 'length', 'limits', 'the', 'she', 'we', 'have', 'also', 'analyzed', 'the', 'temperature', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'spin', 'hall', 'conductivity', 'to', 'identify', 'the', 'dominant', 'scattering', 'mechanism']]
[-0.14574555214404222, 0.24067601766942662, -0.013453170837646768, 0.023597481504421997, -0.029166243353122196, -0.10197664722222691, -0.026876118748860305, 0.36324047207716825, -0.30489794985037444, -0.2686951956025852, 0.057108418061217484, -0.29746861685096293, -0.09480312478533665, 0.1996838136724117, 0.07253385746721612, -0.0038991978521956956, -0.06040373675582945, 0.008955948711769987, -0.10801068121430198, -0.16606137117500916, 0.26336917405868626, 0.043088065478373176, 0.30571790832968415, 0.1121969128495927, 0.07397904887420031, 0.08309319338855124, 0.07726990849378901, 0.040197112048838954, -0.1349736377473333, -0.0036385126570745033, 0.19037079710202912, -0.11408896693353389, 0.14333449499325127, -0.44967065243295923, -0.21786544700568297, 0.032998745044505645, 0.11635222242668618, 0.18795491397279754, -0.07017160270441154, -0.21942098167465005, 0.0496731544231144, -0.1923448796882186, -0.13007696798114582, 0.0118452616526868, 0.05736275924398571, -0.07568900823564262, -0.23483734514362128, 0.14305766808864473, 0.13930380211641305, 0.04372039428359807, -0.037066856846790903, -0.17053213814461185, -0.14048442436750372, 0.10132103752211286, 0.09211182500806081, 0.01834277416102935, 0.23907639551185822, -0.12361542987926004, -0.1847140529272399, 0.29800847770516264, -0.09928450486390371, -0.18645080412889636, 0.13263807418691212, -0.24745188706893792, -0.0037553028578963853, 0.18989592574738948, 0.15185546066409858, 0.11171852533395092, -0.10746856178193129, 0.04183927233567346, -0.00924248538564804, 0.15846044918370628, 0.07291343368142265, 0.08348456492589772, 0.2550058467891212, 0.2235237013606369, 0.06994776725101234, 0.1457917937853684, -0.22291810558603484, -0.048479618316935015, -0.2150526636157387, -0.17772050060389577, -0.22301822980909153, 0.14551419995060955, -0.07439540115773025, -0.1248324940905206, 0.37757057261963684, 0.18666722519727524, 0.19936922157197728, -0.02730767614056551, 0.2660079070785653, 0.1601982933997949, 0.16570999319466595, 0.04849026925760762, 0.2368473497112444, 0.203523926235656, 0.1194406418822879, -0.38959111811145564, 0.15474496130441684, -0.022289845859631896]
709.2757
Tkachenko modes in a superfluid Fermi gas at unitarity
We calculate the frequencies of the Tkachenko oscillations of a vortex lattice in a harmonically trapped superfluid Fermi gas. We use the elasto-hydrodynamic theory by properly accounting for the elastic constants, the Thomas-Fermi density profile of the atomic cloud, and the boundary conditions. Thanks to the Fermi pressure, which is responsible for larger cloud radii with respect to the case of dilute Bose-Einstein condensed gases, large vortex lattices are achievable in the unitary limit of infinite scattering length, even at relatively small angular velocities. This opens the possibility of experimentally observing vortex oscillations in the regime where the dispersion relation approaches the Tkachenko law for incompressible fluids and the mode frequency is almost comparable to the trapping frequencies.
cond-mat.other cond-mat.supr-con
we calculate the frequencies of the tkachenko oscillations of a vortex lattice in a harmonically trapped superfluid fermi gas we use the elastohydrodynamic theory by properly accounting for the elastic constants the thomasfermi density profile of the atomic cloud and the boundary conditions thanks to the fermi pressure which is responsible for larger cloud radii with respect to the case of dilute boseeinstein condensed gases large vortex lattices are achievable in the unitary limit of infinite scattering length even at relatively small angular velocities this opens the possibility of experimentally observing vortex oscillations in the regime where the dispersion relation approaches the tkachenko law for incompressible fluids and the mode frequency is almost comparable to the trapping frequencies
[['we', 'calculate', 'the', 'frequencies', 'of', 'the', 'tkachenko', 'oscillations', 'of', 'a', 'vortex', 'lattice', 'in', 'a', 'harmonically', 'trapped', 'superfluid', 'fermi', 'gas', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'elastohydrodynamic', 'theory', 'by', 'properly', 'accounting', 'for', 'the', 'elastic', 'constants', 'the', 'thomasfermi', 'density', 'profile', 'of', 'the', 'atomic', 'cloud', 'and', 'the', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'thanks', 'to', 'the', 'fermi', 'pressure', 'which', 'is', 'responsible', 'for', 'larger', 'cloud', 'radii', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'dilute', 'boseeinstein', 'condensed', 'gases', 'large', 'vortex', 'lattices', 'are', 'achievable', 'in', 'the', 'unitary', 'limit', 'of', 'infinite', 'scattering', 'length', 'even', 'at', 'relatively', 'small', 'angular', 'velocities', 'this', 'opens', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'experimentally', 'observing', 'vortex', 'oscillations', 'in', 'the', 'regime', 'where', 'the', 'dispersion', 'relation', 'approaches', 'the', 'tkachenko', 'law', 'for', 'incompressible', 'fluids', 'and', 'the', 'mode', 'frequency', 'is', 'almost', 'comparable', 'to', 'the', 'trapping', 'frequencies']]
[-0.1959063442097385, 0.2811626131898897, -0.06463560018830507, 0.04857566068836851, -0.012247525599501017, -0.1252163174183313, 0.05919477536433802, 0.31765893021188046, -0.2452659327615747, -0.2318691150300102, 0.03175878375314839, -0.2688394126845366, -0.03084745509964335, 0.19123276242575907, 0.048565112649250015, 0.09864683366396416, 0.0007660274109724214, -0.013403350759644881, -0.051855412703520475, -0.18577031934065585, 0.32054695443218667, 0.06499628376973382, 0.31762326961793635, 0.07730382499758597, 0.0567442314123135, -0.04024535105800477, 0.05610931827686727, 0.015125900025526851, -0.19377945872813945, 0.07619572382704434, 0.22853126688426265, -0.087038528063666, 0.20477036453025826, -0.43969498662735823, -0.2070759788897457, 0.07392042648773324, 0.19041046146224488, 0.17985688781630152, -0.00108258607718399, -0.2692981078703809, -0.030752991910203028, -0.16669990958930073, -0.26006692384716945, -0.06763740396521734, 0.08516693809780024, 0.05779957518344587, -0.21127126070718139, 0.1508219990705661, 0.043553997186344055, 0.06585699178562579, -0.130196183967262, -0.04789043167385004, 0.026068024143923896, 0.043593555712535724, 0.02903233195055213, -0.0037733753531445135, 0.14123203347721217, -0.17061600206475072, 0.007634409486268789, 0.4507128017307338, -0.1109508633676727, -0.13818913137824354, 0.18508634685096725, -0.22080607237531094, -0.024579958686352533, 0.18339882852604328, 0.1309837312911148, 0.046032829191725626, -0.09788591940630764, 0.07156011533047373, -0.07754322379863016, 0.1460588528119596, 0.14246583110810715, 0.040612739266164724, 0.29240203575602086, 0.16712924856613626, 0.04903103576152254, 0.13525257625822293, -0.16743027284480946, -0.0905364929003862, -0.26510517757338614, -0.11203576862748901, -0.20637972689291928, 0.0024896734078430523, -0.06846199890621346, -0.15899727922880044, 0.3295894260991807, 0.11046444690959939, 0.18638113208269994, 0.028812684009238382, 0.2914578954105155, 0.14110776505006825, 0.07972534828408921, 0.09513682531295502, 0.27752720870835296, 0.1900525806635476, 0.0947949718052553, -0.32800936429185196, -0.04474944896577716, 0.060879570059083656]
709.2758
Einstein e il Rinnovamento delle Scienze (Einstein and the Renewal of Science)
As it is well-known, the year 2005 has been the centenary of the "annus mirabilis" (1905) during which Albert Einstein published four fundamental papers of his. But already in 1979, for the centenary of Einstein's birth, the world celebrated his monumantal work. In Italy too, there appeared scientific books, and many semi-popularization (or popularization) articles. The present paper represents a talk delivered in Italian, at the invitation of the Nobel Foundation (Sanremo, IM; Italy), in time for its publication in 1979. This article has been however reprinted, much more recently, in 2002, by the "Centro DIEA", Faculty of Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy [and its source-file, in html, has been prepared with DIEA's collaboration]. We present here a description of the human, philosophycal and scientific background, starting from which Einstein produced his amazing results: Indeed, we try to show why Einstein's writings today are still so important not only for pure physics (and technology!), but also for our epistemological understanding of the procedures followed by science, and by our own mind, in their development, as well as for our philosophical views about the world we live in; without forgetting the teachings that come (or should come) from Einstein's life and claims for modern pedagogy.
physics.hist-ph physics.pop-ph
as it is wellknown the year 2005 has been the centenary of the annus mirabilis 1905 during which albert einstein published four fundamental papers of his but already in 1979 for the centenary of einsteins birth the world celebrated his monumantal work in italy too there appeared scientific books and many semipopularization or popularization articles the present paper represents a talk delivered in italian at the invitation of the nobel foundation sanremo im italy in time for its publication in 1979 this article has been however reprinted much more recently in 2002 by the centro diea faculty of engineering university of bologna bologna italy and its sourcefile in html has been prepared with dieas collaboration we present here a description of the human philosophycal and scientific background starting from which einstein produced his amazing results indeed we try to show why einsteins writings today are still so important not only for pure physics and technology but also for our epistemological understanding of the procedures followed by science and by our own mind in their development as well as for our philosophical views about the world we live in without forgetting the teachings that come or should come from einsteins life and claims for modern pedagogy
[['as', 'it', 'is', 'wellknown', 'the', 'year', '2005', 'has', 'been', 'the', 'centenary', 'of', 'the', 'annus', 'mirabilis', '1905', 'during', 'which', 'albert', 'einstein', 'published', 'four', 'fundamental', 'papers', 'of', 'his', 'but', 'already', 'in', '1979', 'for', 'the', 'centenary', 'of', 'einsteins', 'birth', 'the', 'world', 'celebrated', 'his', 'monumantal', 'work', 'in', 'italy', 'too', 'there', 'appeared', 'scientific', 'books', 'and', 'many', 'semipopularization', 'or', 'popularization', 'articles', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'represents', 'a', 'talk', 'delivered', 'in', 'italian', 'at', 'the', 'invitation', 'of', 'the', 'nobel', 'foundation', 'sanremo', 'im', 'italy', 'in', 'time', 'for', 'its', 'publication', 'in', '1979', 'this', 'article', 'has', 'been', 'however', 'reprinted', 'much', 'more', 'recently', 'in', '2002', 'by', 'the', 'centro', 'diea', 'faculty', 'of', 'engineering', 'university', 'of', 'bologna', 'bologna', 'italy', 'and', 'its', 'sourcefile', 'in', 'html', 'has', 'been', 'prepared', 'with', 'dieas', 'collaboration', 'we', 'present', 'here', 'a', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'human', 'philosophycal', 'and', 'scientific', 'background', 'starting', 'from', 'which', 'einstein', 'produced', 'his', 'amazing', 'results', 'indeed', 'we', 'try', 'to', 'show', 'why', 'einsteins', 'writings', 'today', 'are', 'still', 'so', 'important', 'not', 'only', 'for', 'pure', 'physics', 'and', 'technology', 'but', 'also', 'for', 'our', 'epistemological', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'procedures', 'followed', 'by', 'science', 'and', 'by', 'our', 'own', 'mind', 'in', 'their', 'development', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'for', 'our', 'philosophical', 'views', 'about', 'the', 'world', 'we', 'live', 'in', 'without', 'forgetting', 'the', 'teachings', 'that', 'come', 'or', 'should', 'come', 'from', 'einsteins', 'life', 'and', 'claims', 'for', 'modern', 'pedagogy']]
[-0.021288857076123244, 0.07621113466675662, -0.13174087521005517, 0.06318402087356101, -0.13237297867524064, -0.1064242508668963, 0.0351663104295116, 0.3024762597030766, -0.16095149185467714, -0.3750364788368269, 0.1255158045403612, -0.31600939703935066, -0.15916569416675963, 0.2097257117470159, -0.1593743826328838, -0.007146313248159657, 0.06869960798962316, 0.058505074466167366, 0.01853958708836891, -0.36115171771784915, 0.2670982684018232, 0.133108798501928, 0.29079619906180854, 0.06236879266845771, 0.09668027414029658, -0.001347657477454788, -0.10740892239609913, -0.02083209497608282, -0.09106893134250944, 0.11554744735042219, 0.34376333528883796, 0.2336721056532679, 0.36856851085717907, -0.4388499791842654, -0.16571010232709235, 0.04195515865809875, 0.09051563710844154, 0.11609798588147056, -0.055322313056398904, -0.34545819507675424, -0.0028449577931787457, -0.20235784877172014, -0.13683312362400332, 0.006806702185233081, 0.1067826516174612, -0.044953484792362185, -0.08720746062941812, 0.023446325963064035, 0.0701399876681147, 0.12646444782680893, -0.01756823941625579, -0.17583050551235696, 0.041802257130414175, 0.16030913111541023, 0.09172162068369538, 0.06488815878209454, 0.07622098583056766, -0.11823672746416881, -0.14794324774314002, 0.4191784157516993, -0.013479676140179187, -0.03745092497902171, 0.17834486089307616, -0.1615427903332251, -0.18320859955366095, 0.022963555106600076, 0.14027172457048584, 0.06135238149217543, -0.18966576867018292, 0.11830195287528547, -0.04674188811379262, 0.12574976785870762, 0.1460154787779119, -0.03593040342078672, 0.2401913113786891, 0.13840902209527753, -0.05319880037054391, 0.03153979781362687, 0.0038563268977751587, -0.11797105549328823, -0.2684577057902763, -0.19713293556313072, -0.1531443846752385, 0.09246296405168498, 0.07572576769040827, -0.11043491717049767, 0.36991287169382353, 0.15488789308707462, 0.06543887595688631, -0.022853756712295756, 0.23317577628428257, 0.00204348812697616, 0.042700885751179474, 0.0761132680770804, 0.3131274569514893, 0.05757004134212195, 0.27259608429175836, -0.06333975011936677, 0.09721755033428663, 0.036869174567982554]
709.2759
Stability of the rotating SU(3) Skyrmion
The profile functions of the SU(3) Skyrme soliton are investigated for the octet, decuplet, and antidecuplet baryons by the mean field approach. In this approach, the profile functions are affected by the spatial rotation, the flavor rotation, and the flavor symmetry breaking. The solitons are stable only in the restricted areas of the parameter space for each multiplet. When the flavor symmetry breaking is large, the area for the antidecuplet is narrow compared to those for the octet and decuplet. The parameters are determined by the baryon mass spectrum, and the deformation of the soliton has sizable effects on the masses.
hep-ph
the profile functions of the su3 skyrme soliton are investigated for the octet decuplet and antidecuplet baryons by the mean field approach in this approach the profile functions are affected by the spatial rotation the flavor rotation and the flavor symmetry breaking the solitons are stable only in the restricted areas of the parameter space for each multiplet when the flavor symmetry breaking is large the area for the antidecuplet is narrow compared to those for the octet and decuplet the parameters are determined by the baryon mass spectrum and the deformation of the soliton has sizable effects on the masses
[['the', 'profile', 'functions', 'of', 'the', 'su3', 'skyrme', 'soliton', 'are', 'investigated', 'for', 'the', 'octet', 'decuplet', 'and', 'antidecuplet', 'baryons', 'by', 'the', 'mean', 'field', 'approach', 'in', 'this', 'approach', 'the', 'profile', 'functions', 'are', 'affected', 'by', 'the', 'spatial', 'rotation', 'the', 'flavor', 'rotation', 'and', 'the', 'flavor', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'the', 'solitons', 'are', 'stable', 'only', 'in', 'the', 'restricted', 'areas', 'of', 'the', 'parameter', 'space', 'for', 'each', 'multiplet', 'when', 'the', 'flavor', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'is', 'large', 'the', 'area', 'for', 'the', 'antidecuplet', 'is', 'narrow', 'compared', 'to', 'those', 'for', 'the', 'octet', 'and', 'decuplet', 'the', 'parameters', 'are', 'determined', 'by', 'the', 'baryon', 'mass', 'spectrum', 'and', 'the', 'deformation', 'of', 'the', 'soliton', 'has', 'sizable', 'effects', 'on', 'the', 'masses']]
[-0.11646575045467604, 0.23613381633848543, -0.024891057153149408, 0.15602428338485816, -0.06568358753724854, -0.06648235304262673, 0.02408396511218778, 0.36448153665307725, -0.17452309243749864, -0.28437285302299087, 0.057196043268085854, -0.27444572646244625, -0.011944960918056198, 0.07927095559241232, 0.05943559731661093, 0.0405627561895647, -0.024102180048196326, 0.0748733530272868, -0.07724000271732485, -0.2113829656863714, 0.37368288178845205, -0.03948902960239661, 0.28452923425500937, 0.07206223227226609, 0.019510948746972304, -0.022225648595831624, 0.0031431810008269727, -0.049082065789815096, -0.12926853271109043, 0.0774187102065523, 0.1336155941636108, 0.047298806556961545, 0.13249676128720292, -0.34025789793617656, -0.20110802594019045, 0.11244954752947876, 0.15908956233559562, 0.19014935136431516, -0.05839656731044634, -0.3608114348337202, 0.10278900137337127, -0.15605373450988294, -0.17850557028196087, -0.11945630723407658, 0.018004922192811156, 0.014565618911592087, -0.26085679271802453, 0.14623081321726636, -0.04167702777938235, 0.05172880218447287, -0.08690813793293616, -0.18753052957005578, -0.14504673508097335, 0.06477511389610947, 0.15069555632982146, 0.038741186588523116, 0.13007206289272866, -0.1982791852142417, -0.06881316416518818, 0.46029655430650357, -0.036463316359400456, -0.2101665624923944, 0.04216186226216505, -0.15644103751084446, -0.14115281060042947, 0.1262368320736407, 0.1485382749025922, 0.09655618722928633, -0.11508889232446914, 0.1460128088578545, -0.05836332818991182, 0.1665851966763782, 0.06151051285427691, 0.05283859097813763, 0.23682494164907864, 0.14000986321681724, 0.021646703003287904, 0.0524511817879606, -0.07944546838401642, -0.10381708426935839, -0.3382381367875208, -0.052547051165584883, -0.14842565265474933, -0.030975919788574228, -0.12296136807002551, -0.08713562926277518, 0.46552535459528316, 0.014414209895536746, 0.20428191545410174, 0.004357194880687512, 0.2806926117472277, 0.12219105467274047, 0.1671517881020756, 0.06088727622265273, 0.30470981777156936, 0.21624794863118318, 0.09656260765185302, -0.3285401334644913, -0.04236577610291614, 0.06649558840891218]
709.276
Supervised Machine Learning with a Novel Kernel Density Estimator
In recent years, kernel density estimation has been exploited by computer scientists to model machine learning problems. The kernel density estimation based approaches are of interest due to the low time complexity of either O(n) or O(n*log(n)) for constructing a classifier, where n is the number of sampling instances. Concerning design of kernel density estimators, one essential issue is how fast the pointwise mean square error (MSE) and/or the integrated mean square error (IMSE) diminish as the number of sampling instances increases. In this article, it is shown that with the proposed kernel function it is feasible to make the pointwise MSE of the density estimator converge at O(n^-2/3) regardless of the dimension of the vector space, provided that the probability density function at the point of interest meets certain conditions.
stat.ML
in recent years kernel density estimation has been exploited by computer scientists to model machine learning problems the kernel density estimation based approaches are of interest due to the low time complexity of either on or onlogn for constructing a classifier where n is the number of sampling instances concerning design of kernel density estimators one essential issue is how fast the pointwise mean square error mse andor the integrated mean square error imse diminish as the number of sampling instances increases in this article it is shown that with the proposed kernel function it is feasible to make the pointwise mse of the density estimator converge at on23 regardless of the dimension of the vector space provided that the probability density function at the point of interest meets certain conditions
[['in', 'recent', 'years', 'kernel', 'density', 'estimation', 'has', 'been', 'exploited', 'by', 'computer', 'scientists', 'to', 'model', 'machine', 'learning', 'problems', 'the', 'kernel', 'density', 'estimation', 'based', 'approaches', 'are', 'of', 'interest', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'low', 'time', 'complexity', 'of', 'either', 'on', 'or', 'onlogn', 'for', 'constructing', 'a', 'classifier', 'where', 'n', 'is', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'sampling', 'instances', 'concerning', 'design', 'of', 'kernel', 'density', 'estimators', 'one', 'essential', 'issue', 'is', 'how', 'fast', 'the', 'pointwise', 'mean', 'square', 'error', 'mse', 'andor', 'the', 'integrated', 'mean', 'square', 'error', 'imse', 'diminish', 'as', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'sampling', 'instances', 'increases', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'with', 'the', 'proposed', 'kernel', 'function', 'it', 'is', 'feasible', 'to', 'make', 'the', 'pointwise', 'mse', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'estimator', 'converge', 'at', 'on23', 'regardless', 'of', 'the', 'dimension', 'of', 'the', 'vector', 'space', 'provided', 'that', 'the', 'probability', 'density', 'function', 'at', 'the', 'point', 'of', 'interest', 'meets', 'certain', 'conditions']]
[-0.07738749001740357, 0.060491199327902936, -0.07287187537512536, 0.07157663412779598, -0.04216202082081773, -0.13413741100821217, 0.04478700505214111, 0.38693607405169317, -0.2630784773402883, -0.29960205290068426, 0.15695429999089822, -0.26259518412602995, -0.14787969336034518, 0.18252442968164603, -0.1034117543204325, 0.1444915238526145, 0.06299794972021104, 0.10156638743284777, -0.09874447795228307, -0.3339810185951984, 0.26577514111426953, 0.09889938201682415, 0.3198196294553976, 0.011206096932220891, 0.12120200099267123, 0.011653822676086698, -0.021853833988962967, 0.005682180706502244, -0.13388975046787016, 0.12017444996092155, 0.26848780501719194, 0.17043307438521213, 0.39926492195320495, -0.355667322035168, -0.20784521980108053, 0.162891558044455, 0.14111351740425665, 0.04726234115375817, -0.00378033525989398, -0.24793227172620197, 0.07954188968936507, -0.1341854752652802, -0.10125718955021665, -0.059995901935293076, 0.010129339587768071, 0.0355788107058531, -0.308106521009432, 0.08499828836958827, 0.021226867052321217, 0.028867357502911837, -0.0035339368948044667, -0.18110632728998557, 0.03652118402710967, 0.09548917805992835, 0.07979142895050148, 0.0856050968921978, 0.12980136578149012, -0.1458630148474241, -0.061682396269765974, 0.29642766383512104, -0.03081370088207813, -0.2365818824952305, 0.15523243626359254, -0.12269916987661557, -0.10276537871753391, 0.15966116290767002, 0.19817529597412084, 0.06316110126688394, -0.09668652652869471, 0.12602611093889418, -0.03270999868204888, 0.1529880018048575, 0.03418727683521921, 0.03621410676598094, 0.14048713230250673, 0.185740782511385, 0.15796327187843223, 0.10893445202497808, -0.12727197495516646, -0.08124713635583984, -0.2895418556677249, -0.13810882956244563, -0.30394871408503704, 0.0003685447394506622, -0.12788401171920522, -0.20335638607058582, 0.36271721781195915, 0.1780351592682814, 0.17799854879391927, 0.11263605197962687, 0.3066999717750622, 0.16916945675398642, 0.058633481154133006, 0.13493938330660454, 0.1836089191759247, 0.14733301911268468, 0.038022169462966784, -0.19331333508985188, 0.11761217609044335, 0.08830562302707659]
709.2761
Unbounded-Error Classical and Quantum Communication Complexity
Since the seminal work of Paturi and Simon \cite[FOCS'84 & JCSS'86]{PS86}, the unbounded-error classical communication complexity of a Boolean function has been studied based on the arrangement of points and hyperplanes. Recently, \cite[ICALP'07]{INRY07} found that the unbounded-error {\em quantum} communication complexity in the {\em one-way communication} model can also be investigated using the arrangement, and showed that it is exactly (without a difference of even one qubit) half of the classical one-way communication complexity. In this paper, we extend the arrangement argument to the {\em two-way} and {\em simultaneous message passing} (SMP) models. As a result, we show similarly tight bounds of the unbounded-error two-way/one-way/SMP quantum/classical communication complexities for {\em any} partial/total Boolean function, implying that all of them are equivalent up to a multiplicative constant of four. Moreover, the arrangement argument is also used to show that the gap between {\em weakly} unbounded-error quantum and classical communication complexities is at most a factor of three.
quant-ph
since the seminal work of paturi and simon citefocs84 jcss86ps86 the unboundederror classical communication complexity of a boolean function has been studied based on the arrangement of points and hyperplanes recently citeicalp07inry07 found that the unboundederror em quantum communication complexity in the em oneway communication model can also be investigated using the arrangement and showed that it is exactly without a difference of even one qubit half of the classical oneway communication complexity in this paper we extend the arrangement argument to the em twoway and em simultaneous message passing smp models as a result we show similarly tight bounds of the unboundederror twowayonewaysmp quantumclassical communication complexities for em any partialtotal boolean function implying that all of them are equivalent up to a multiplicative constant of four moreover the arrangement argument is also used to show that the gap between em weakly unboundederror quantum and classical communication complexities is at most a factor of three
[['since', 'the', 'seminal', 'work', 'of', 'paturi', 'and', 'simon', 'citefocs84', 'jcss86ps86', 'the', 'unboundederror', 'classical', 'communication', 'complexity', 'of', 'a', 'boolean', 'function', 'has', 'been', 'studied', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'arrangement', 'of', 'points', 'and', 'hyperplanes', 'recently', 'citeicalp07inry07', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'unboundederror', 'em', 'quantum', 'communication', 'complexity', 'in', 'the', 'em', 'oneway', 'communication', 'model', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'investigated', 'using', 'the', 'arrangement', 'and', 'showed', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'exactly', 'without', 'a', 'difference', 'of', 'even', 'one', 'qubit', 'half', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'oneway', 'communication', 'complexity', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'extend', 'the', 'arrangement', 'argument', 'to', 'the', 'em', 'twoway', 'and', 'em', 'simultaneous', 'message', 'passing', 'smp', 'models', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'we', 'show', 'similarly', 'tight', 'bounds', 'of', 'the', 'unboundederror', 'twowayonewaysmp', 'quantumclassical', 'communication', 'complexities', 'for', 'em', 'any', 'partialtotal', 'boolean', 'function', 'implying', 'that', 'all', 'of', 'them', 'are', 'equivalent', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'multiplicative', 'constant', 'of', 'four', 'moreover', 'the', 'arrangement', 'argument', 'is', 'also', 'used', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'gap', 'between', 'em', 'weakly', 'unboundederror', 'quantum', 'and', 'classical', 'communication', 'complexities', 'is', 'at', 'most', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'three']]
[-0.1847180254633228, 0.09208089094686632, -0.06132903307986756, 0.06026949503924697, -0.04397444154135883, -0.18471222429225842, 0.11590340218429143, 0.34793506167829036, -0.2923469567601569, -0.3050484696558366, 0.06706764204194769, -0.22955873750771086, -0.20378424695382516, 0.20106696260239307, -0.07559044233212868, 0.08153672177732611, 0.019825623016804458, 0.04628028482198715, -0.03255847102807214, -0.2876668163901195, 0.2786950037255883, 0.03230500016827136, 0.2629765678010881, 0.03247845106758177, 0.07637924089717368, 0.04537768482230604, -0.004748520335803429, 0.03763412240271767, -0.12116380295192357, 0.12024165572132915, 0.24470262232811366, 0.17285697301073621, 0.257332662815849, -0.39716946609318254, -0.1920548884384334, 0.1324139968274782, 0.11825416621131202, 0.10114057420132061, -0.006552301680979629, -0.24028126914675038, 0.08278928480111063, -0.14196152163048587, -0.07081292297380666, 0.015268683512695135, 0.025376311674093207, 0.021861006549249093, -0.23386230531769495, 0.016903670839577292, 0.12524828336803087, 0.035873395781964065, 0.023513138143656156, -0.06361417138017714, 0.04493867940269411, 0.08247251716131965, -0.04018449574631328, 0.0378321406726415, 0.04889152719639242, -0.09604491831579556, -0.1940983953823646, 0.3625458679286142, -0.02185173121591409, -0.18652930206929644, 0.20466940527316183, -0.0987257480993867, -0.1097582764737308, 0.10398737820486227, 0.10683258010617767, 0.07899684031804402, -0.11150490769495566, 0.15167092888111558, -0.08734927376732231, 0.19192232365719974, 0.11148852294000487, 0.08054870157502592, 0.08300765620544553, 0.08816446889191866, 0.09747908463701606, 0.15817139524267987, -0.03159139771577126, -0.14021689318430922, -0.2529231911835571, -0.2147466103049616, -0.2454368043031233, 0.04486082833415518, -0.06713970954170993, -0.14471450047489876, 0.34871418508390584, 0.0954014783356494, 0.15518321204620103, 0.12007208502851427, 0.3041528302182754, 0.10396907545548553, 0.043835731060244146, 0.1522408452164382, 0.25206656906753777, 0.14713733879538873, 0.035785921157027285, -0.20789207838786145, 0.08348317657597364, 0.07498982333267729]
709.2762
Biomimetic Space-Variant Sampling in a Vision Prosthesis Improves the User's Skill in a Localization Task
In this experiment, we test the hypothesis of whether a 'retina-like' space variant sampling pattern can improve the efficiency of a visual prosthesis. Subjects wearing a visuo-auditory substitution system were tested for their ability to point at visual targets. The test group (space-variant sampling), performed significantly better than the control group (uniform sampling). The pointing accuracy was enhanced, as was the speed to find the target. Surprisingly, the time spanned to complete the training was also reduced, suggesting that this space-variant sampling scheme facilitates the mastering of sensorimotor contingencies.
q-bio.NC
in this experiment we test the hypothesis of whether a retinalike space variant sampling pattern can improve the efficiency of a visual prosthesis subjects wearing a visuoauditory substitution system were tested for their ability to point at visual targets the test group spacevariant sampling performed significantly better than the control group uniform sampling the pointing accuracy was enhanced as was the speed to find the target surprisingly the time spanned to complete the training was also reduced suggesting that this spacevariant sampling scheme facilitates the mastering of sensorimotor contingencies
[['in', 'this', 'experiment', 'we', 'test', 'the', 'hypothesis', 'of', 'whether', 'a', 'retinalike', 'space', 'variant', 'sampling', 'pattern', 'can', 'improve', 'the', 'efficiency', 'of', 'a', 'visual', 'prosthesis', 'subjects', 'wearing', 'a', 'visuoauditory', 'substitution', 'system', 'were', 'tested', 'for', 'their', 'ability', 'to', 'point', 'at', 'visual', 'targets', 'the', 'test', 'group', 'spacevariant', 'sampling', 'performed', 'significantly', 'better', 'than', 'the', 'control', 'group', 'uniform', 'sampling', 'the', 'pointing', 'accuracy', 'was', 'enhanced', 'as', 'was', 'the', 'speed', 'to', 'find', 'the', 'target', 'surprisingly', 'the', 'time', 'spanned', 'to', 'complete', 'the', 'training', 'was', 'also', 'reduced', 'suggesting', 'that', 'this', 'spacevariant', 'sampling', 'scheme', 'facilitates', 'the', 'mastering', 'of', 'sensorimotor', 'contingencies']]
[-0.07710165682452164, 0.10281526486806829, -0.12134362172720761, 0.06741842095226307, -0.10761932159463565, -0.13767506444998, 0.1408686518412212, 0.426488988058663, -0.25225845245837136, -0.35432599279654864, 0.08078201671650141, -0.21710394579253492, -0.11285486267665508, 0.19253333105609335, -0.13663879440476498, 0.06353658324257395, 0.09096426310167573, 0.04128002569925083, -0.0879589253902735, -0.30703797268991667, 0.22238694894898298, 0.15524632592910323, 0.34761851628835516, -0.04227412659567834, 0.128712160175602, 0.0050434611347000835, -0.040034655502986634, -0.004751007217477643, -0.027217595388824466, 0.10435916842817831, 0.248070677442626, 0.15606495289763586, 0.2954936956280264, -0.3572880496838312, -0.21833759354127721, 0.10143715312340479, 0.14584920722348937, 0.09987977065745442, -0.048619558146202016, -0.3221046534934263, 0.10405920392929993, -0.12990813447569294, -0.10273468178621996, -0.060660183322669446, -0.028359422834868402, -0.006422526932364309, -0.3006875640659154, 0.02709076568804114, 0.046471391344207455, 0.11068472243717005, -0.028063107057121294, -0.08666291937697679, -0.014404135014883232, 0.15898763100969895, 0.0033786120990441106, 0.08092816329250734, 0.18716096852895345, -0.12123479008481934, -0.1329625687058801, 0.37510405114755546, -0.007112929014918587, -0.1959271369523358, 0.19652953551247201, -0.1548166215291311, -0.09319878301861557, 0.16611514271547398, 0.19963222050011672, 0.11001907721370587, -0.12963986502767638, -0.0011005547090337194, -0.005768154683554995, 0.21588863036494926, 0.09030802186107499, -0.04133747015469547, 0.1446707029238172, 0.2407223529225194, 0.07136137761047175, 0.14838652018907256, -0.14210086284826198, -0.0573330201601995, -0.20481286248615033, -0.16944900223043288, -0.152661753546757, -0.036780903182773925, -0.09329411897529986, -0.08440094917541606, 0.3954618269105187, 0.1982283187634044, 0.14758741406017337, 0.05679456933050941, 0.279505284824248, 0.059080198900934695, 0.07530255709913955, 0.018874592335102545, 0.2278485486990419, 0.03146750683864129, 0.07584856391145751, -0.2463673484543788, 0.11052256454874215, 0.042535461474681034]
709.2763
Perturbative Theory of Grazing-Incidence Diffuse Nuclear Resonant Scattering of Synchrotron Radiation
Theoretical description of off-specular grazing-incidence nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation (Synchrotron M\"{o}ssbauer Reflectometry, SMR) is presented. The recently developed SMR, similarly to polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR), is an analytical tool for the determination of isotopic and magnetic structure of thin films and multilayers. It combines the sensitivity of M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopy to hyperfine interactions and the depth selectivity of x-ray reflectometry. Specular reflection provides information on the depth profile, while off-specular scattering on the lateral structure of scattering layers. Off-specular SMR and PNR intensity formulae of a rather general multilayer with different domains, based on a Distorted Incident-Wave Approximation (DIWA) are presented. The Distorted-Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) results are given in an Appendix. Physical and numerical implications, why using DIWA, are explained. The temporal character of SMR imposes specific differences between SMR and PNR. In order to reveal the limits of DIWA and to compare the two analytical methods, two-dimensional diffuse SMR and PNR maps of an antiferromagnetic multilayer are calculated and critically compared. Experimental '$\omega-2\theta$' SMR map of a periodic $[ \mathrm{Fe}/\mathrm{Cr}]_{20}$ multilayer is presented and compared with simulations by the present theory.
cond-mat.other
theoretical description of offspecular grazingincidence nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation synchrotron mossbauer reflectometry smr is presented the recently developed smr similarly to polarized neutron reflectometry pnr is an analytical tool for the determination of isotopic and magnetic structure of thin films and multilayers it combines the sensitivity of mossbauer spectroscopy to hyperfine interactions and the depth selectivity of xray reflectometry specular reflection provides information on the depth profile while offspecular scattering on the lateral structure of scattering layers offspecular smr and pnr intensity formulae of a rather general multilayer with different domains based on a distorted incidentwave approximation diwa are presented the distortedwave born approximation dwba results are given in an appendix physical and numerical implications why using diwa are explained the temporal character of smr imposes specific differences between smr and pnr in order to reveal the limits of diwa and to compare the two analytical methods twodimensional diffuse smr and pnr maps of an antiferromagnetic multilayer are calculated and critically compared experimental omega2theta smr map of a periodic mathrmfemathrmcr_20 multilayer is presented and compared with simulations by the present theory
[['theoretical', 'description', 'of', 'offspecular', 'grazingincidence', 'nuclear', 'resonant', 'scattering', 'of', 'synchrotron', 'radiation', 'synchrotron', 'mossbauer', 'reflectometry', 'smr', 'is', 'presented', 'the', 'recently', 'developed', 'smr', 'similarly', 'to', 'polarized', 'neutron', 'reflectometry', 'pnr', 'is', 'an', 'analytical', 'tool', 'for', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'isotopic', 'and', 'magnetic', 'structure', 'of', 'thin', 'films', 'and', 'multilayers', 'it', 'combines', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'of', 'mossbauer', 'spectroscopy', 'to', 'hyperfine', 'interactions', 'and', 'the', 'depth', 'selectivity', 'of', 'xray', 'reflectometry', 'specular', 'reflection', 'provides', 'information', 'on', 'the', 'depth', 'profile', 'while', 'offspecular', 'scattering', 'on', 'the', 'lateral', 'structure', 'of', 'scattering', 'layers', 'offspecular', 'smr', 'and', 'pnr', 'intensity', 'formulae', 'of', 'a', 'rather', 'general', 'multilayer', 'with', 'different', 'domains', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'distorted', 'incidentwave', 'approximation', 'diwa', 'are', 'presented', 'the', 'distortedwave', 'born', 'approximation', 'dwba', 'results', 'are', 'given', 'in', 'an', 'appendix', 'physical', 'and', 'numerical', 'implications', 'why', 'using', 'diwa', 'are', 'explained', 'the', 'temporal', 'character', 'of', 'smr', 'imposes', 'specific', 'differences', 'between', 'smr', 'and', 'pnr', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'reveal', 'the', 'limits', 'of', 'diwa', 'and', 'to', 'compare', 'the', 'two', 'analytical', 'methods', 'twodimensional', 'diffuse', 'smr', 'and', 'pnr', 'maps', 'of', 'an', 'antiferromagnetic', 'multilayer', 'are', 'calculated', 'and', 'critically', 'compared', 'experimental', 'omega2theta', 'smr', 'map', 'of', 'a', 'periodic', 'mathrmfemathrmcr_20', 'multilayer', 'is', 'presented', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'simulations', 'by', 'the', 'present', 'theory']]
[-0.09961411071292657, 0.09463484199239666, -0.07459056544390118, 0.05278690192774245, -0.06963295291003944, -0.09680060559377116, 0.03432464830585049, 0.46510011847079785, -0.2546063756831195, -0.2729574888330567, 0.02354958527184163, -0.34783626292259073, -0.1124505846451579, 0.24973512275635704, 0.05405559444001743, 0.06617042764376563, 0.00548678150420988, -0.06301847225756149, -0.08056365733564534, -0.15742904962766321, 0.29470645578240384, 0.08663423404552983, 0.3299986401388606, 0.12150287921131067, 0.057452610589609904, 0.06769827272420606, -0.01603951974667015, 0.019472547103190324, -0.11348058508611847, 0.10153091734129382, 0.2721802257346808, -0.03343310358212585, 0.055795811097506066, -0.49820448301609727, -0.2087995260007229, -0.06349209227450806, 0.09209913696683074, 0.08043049247091083, -0.06807433847391692, -0.2587914690887044, 0.05706385753864607, -0.13128016005937973, -0.09096628763478833, -0.1061124372139962, -0.01994145462790934, 0.018398472921255012, -0.2671014696438311, 0.05345797196419521, 0.055414224945387426, 0.10817895286107579, -0.13157426401368946, -0.15626714269535943, 0.005546871823473618, 0.05632537640797507, 0.027597357264392407, 0.04479747562564316, 0.13129813097939305, -0.08996491306742838, -0.12726300305963217, 0.3124361009072195, -0.05077753816974339, -0.12092830898121235, 0.1552173297680853, -0.20784204337838014, -0.05384356151897829, 0.15830110664643182, 0.10828984776834169, 0.133855942887469, -0.14345796201902616, 0.06223996911149288, -0.046762485724904546, 0.22965585763673657, 0.11424092521665843, 0.001900465899610196, 0.18769752192259817, 0.22457444875124985, -0.031585554809790556, 0.13513911051859895, -0.2070624409767973, -0.011945217632903503, -0.18727735707096263, -0.08655286429112184, -0.15061158167229002, 0.026436343001058467, -0.09213584977132395, -0.17891473010960188, 0.3482627163840724, 0.14140827588330518, 0.1444796364483229, -0.02401752043822473, 0.37295788042196126, 0.10208396816237288, 0.02473632454012449, -0.005997088919444889, 0.2745903702209714, 0.26554328880457023, 0.11556994123224446, -0.3013854110216886, 0.12109688548870119, -0.019914340374320952]
709.2764
Subcritical Lp bounds on spectral clusters for Lipschitz metrics
We establish asymptotic bounds on the L^p norms of spectrally localized functions in the case of two-dimensional Dirichlet forms with coefficients of Lipschitz regularity. These bounds are new for the range p>6. A key step in the proof is bounding the rate at which energy spreads for solutions to hyperbolic equations with Lipschitz coefficients.
math.AP
we establish asymptotic bounds on the lp norms of spectrally localized functions in the case of twodimensional dirichlet forms with coefficients of lipschitz regularity these bounds are new for the range p6 a key step in the proof is bounding the rate at which energy spreads for solutions to hyperbolic equations with lipschitz coefficients
[['we', 'establish', 'asymptotic', 'bounds', 'on', 'the', 'lp', 'norms', 'of', 'spectrally', 'localized', 'functions', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'twodimensional', 'dirichlet', 'forms', 'with', 'coefficients', 'of', 'lipschitz', 'regularity', 'these', 'bounds', 'are', 'new', 'for', 'the', 'range', 'p6', 'a', 'key', 'step', 'in', 'the', 'proof', 'is', 'bounding', 'the', 'rate', 'at', 'which', 'energy', 'spreads', 'for', 'solutions', 'to', 'hyperbolic', 'equations', 'with', 'lipschitz', 'coefficients']]
[-0.13662044528043932, 0.07458552495679921, -0.05182677892002242, 0.055546369914534606, -0.08045695825583404, -0.11485210715586112, -0.005835295447872745, 0.31631400201607635, -0.3115039610700613, -0.18899087894156022, 0.1670595181942055, -0.28688793979516186, -0.0794224343219496, 0.24611264363759094, -0.04575362648056061, 0.13709263669119942, 0.0198507161759254, 0.03276773616326628, -0.10160142797286864, -0.2582816811347449, 0.38685402060272517, -0.027252872439998167, 0.2060923949918813, 0.10123923113914551, 0.07725574545286319, -0.05911975528579205, -0.00901386792840505, -0.09575753352018418, -0.27395287968425286, 0.16966138110944518, 0.2890416478600215, -0.0166734646126214, 0.3013156420784071, -0.4083865348473881, -0.1735687057479043, 0.12340770854994103, 0.12904725850697746, 0.04610544754218103, -0.0557959871474412, -0.2572145691546784, 0.10152477576155905, -0.032796565201823356, -0.2026370003198584, -0.06270285061112156, -0.022578402310264884, 0.1042792982361452, -0.3789751576949601, 0.13949086561074686, 0.11069580972953527, 0.03790439806740593, -0.1645804990031239, -0.12616899005930732, 0.005256203408525498, 0.07597439335141745, 0.06229393631737265, -0.02343075937177572, 0.02457026031765121, -0.11864761520108139, -0.060373752291693734, 0.28690527557153944, -0.10013138095813769, -0.3076099034536768, 0.16538265250899173, -0.199299985991308, -0.1312512798424534, 0.10483469384618932, 0.2097693532101672, 0.17600130207008785, -0.09439619781807307, 0.15620925670696628, -0.06435017256687085, 0.1275449387418727, 0.14233282402468225, 0.07181948349224748, 0.0836336423849894, 0.0786121217533946, 0.18768244704093645, 0.13885617214772436, -0.02180351497588196, -0.11695337716352057, -0.37448897067871356, -0.16017954856916158, -0.17230491502279485, 0.04745607990426598, -0.19407313884477373, -0.21181542529396852, 0.3769235376406599, 0.043411545088963104, 0.16447990619646455, 0.17959443162652422, 0.2139551396723147, 0.19647488464208976, 0.03357866209828191, 0.1093149937654811, 0.20294155415009568, 0.14355658068045699, 0.08053812521716787, -0.13239117898909306, 0.09649672451498056, 0.22333008703706717]
709.2765
Fractional Hamiltonian Monodromy from a Gauss-Manin Monodromy
Fractional Hamiltonian Monodromy is a generalization of the notion of Hamiltonian Monodromy, recently introduced by N. N. Nekhoroshev, D. A. Sadovskii and B. I. Zhilinskii for energy-momentum maps whose image has a particular type of non-isolated singularities. In this paper, we analyze the notion of Fractional Hamiltonian Monodromy in terms of the Gauss-Manin Monodromy of a Riemann surface constructed from the energy-momentum map and associated to a loop in complex space which bypasses the line of singularities. We also prove some propositions on Fractional Hamiltonian Monodromy for 1:-n and m:-n resonant systems.
math-ph math.MP
fractional hamiltonian monodromy is a generalization of the notion of hamiltonian monodromy recently introduced by n n nekhoroshev d a sadovskii and b i zhilinskii for energymomentum maps whose image has a particular type of nonisolated singularities in this paper we analyze the notion of fractional hamiltonian monodromy in terms of the gaussmanin monodromy of a riemann surface constructed from the energymomentum map and associated to a loop in complex space which bypasses the line of singularities we also prove some propositions on fractional hamiltonian monodromy for 1n and mn resonant systems
[['fractional', 'hamiltonian', 'monodromy', 'is', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'hamiltonian', 'monodromy', 'recently', 'introduced', 'by', 'n', 'n', 'nekhoroshev', 'd', 'a', 'sadovskii', 'and', 'b', 'i', 'zhilinskii', 'for', 'energymomentum', 'maps', 'whose', 'image', 'has', 'a', 'particular', 'type', 'of', 'nonisolated', 'singularities', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'analyze', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'fractional', 'hamiltonian', 'monodromy', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'gaussmanin', 'monodromy', 'of', 'a', 'riemann', 'surface', 'constructed', 'from', 'the', 'energymomentum', 'map', 'and', 'associated', 'to', 'a', 'loop', 'in', 'complex', 'space', 'which', 'bypasses', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'singularities', 'we', 'also', 'prove', 'some', 'propositions', 'on', 'fractional', 'hamiltonian', 'monodromy', 'for', '1n', 'and', 'mn', 'resonant', 'systems']]
[-0.22865017398220042, 0.07188691316253465, -0.07341798723918265, 0.06199226267230899, -0.07991802817939417, -0.1340232450545401, -0.012020412338998816, 0.25579398576899065, -0.27679476613664755, -0.2216646236812939, 0.06144650681222708, -0.27034759670293523, -0.2167319721268976, 0.13708197356343432, -0.12264863595002047, 0.07398569636532794, 0.03269877238705268, 0.07695643603801727, -0.12704515467276392, -0.2192723972219265, 0.4321479384645658, -0.041386811832047024, 0.13916772480487175, 0.03487466043873649, 0.11775264065489983, -0.008801644025168018, -0.034140461650879486, -0.013085179957472617, -0.14696802388188307, 0.137932916294591, 0.225601653477339, 0.05084791030663916, 0.19791861212022765, -0.3886425427424357, -0.1665233060636598, 0.1671407994530771, 0.14287617973573302, 0.044937350353195696, 0.012377524921802156, -0.32066591614452394, 0.06237337282737312, -0.15834425434308208, -0.1935253456366532, -0.06870913548071099, 0.09211988746107597, -0.011498873263759457, -0.20300425540493883, 0.017323946344613036, 0.10249820861803449, 0.08316661230033472, -0.05289999388522752, -0.07366720256496868, -0.08657685277031978, 0.018465448079792703, -0.011129492744499736, 0.03440075378318358, 0.046338240408500576, -0.10731429755232176, -0.10926031997508329, 0.3664691524197975, -0.08361505491294614, -0.21851446037180722, 0.06593136823452685, -0.1164089887499121, -0.20900624254515962, 0.12003605562748144, 0.08420102418724286, 0.14502307952827084, -0.10521008026705164, 0.2309988629858708, -0.06896357181603494, 0.07159303175285459, 0.1263812553016064, 0.011887828272807857, 0.15653168686928795, 0.04146244512293893, 0.09048304676948844, 0.10596687410978357, -0.03367903572317395, -0.10250427988965226, -0.36383746108850057, -0.23221710166367499, -0.19551546856477534, 0.1599821198185015, -0.11478297411841872, -0.217258772286384, 0.42737149614739517, 0.07913109745182421, 0.21618544794214162, 0.0797880839584294, 0.20054184916965745, 0.14403013607142898, 0.0307039244121963, 0.013019949708984273, 0.129644230500676, 0.2099801817549514, 0.05678727139172185, -0.23131026204551428, -0.06842951764575327, 0.23427133353265084]
709.2766
The wave equation on Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetimes
We consider solutions to the linear wave equation $\Box_g\phi=0$ on a non-extremal maximally extended Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime arising from arbitrary smooth initial data prescribed on an arbitrary Cauchy hypersurface. (In particular, no symmetry is assumed on initial data, and the support of the solutions may contain the sphere of bifurcation of the black/white hole horizons and the cosmological horizons.) We prove that in the region bounded by a set of black/white hole horizons and cosmological horizons, solutions $\phi$ converge pointwise to a constant faster than any given polynomial rate, where the decay is measured with respect to natural future-directed advanced and retarded time coordinates. We also give such uniform decay bounds for the energy associated to the Killing field as well as for the energy measured by local observers crossing the event horizon. The results in particular include decay rates along the horizons themselves. Finally, we discuss the relation of these results to previous heuristic analysis of Price and Brady et al.
gr-qc math.AP math.DG
we consider solutions to the linear wave equation box_gphi0 on a nonextremal maximally extended schwarzschildde sitter spacetime arising from arbitrary smooth initial data prescribed on an arbitrary cauchy hypersurface in particular no symmetry is assumed on initial data and the support of the solutions may contain the sphere of bifurcation of the blackwhite hole horizons and the cosmological horizons we prove that in the region bounded by a set of blackwhite hole horizons and cosmological horizons solutions phi converge pointwise to a constant faster than any given polynomial rate where the decay is measured with respect to natural futuredirected advanced and retarded time coordinates we also give such uniform decay bounds for the energy associated to the killing field as well as for the energy measured by local observers crossing the event horizon the results in particular include decay rates along the horizons themselves finally we discuss the relation of these results to previous heuristic analysis of price and brady et al
[['we', 'consider', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'linear', 'wave', 'equation', 'box_gphi0', 'on', 'a', 'nonextremal', 'maximally', 'extended', 'schwarzschildde', 'sitter', 'spacetime', 'arising', 'from', 'arbitrary', 'smooth', 'initial', 'data', 'prescribed', 'on', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'cauchy', 'hypersurface', 'in', 'particular', 'no', 'symmetry', 'is', 'assumed', 'on', 'initial', 'data', 'and', 'the', 'support', 'of', 'the', 'solutions', 'may', 'contain', 'the', 'sphere', 'of', 'bifurcation', 'of', 'the', 'blackwhite', 'hole', 'horizons', 'and', 'the', 'cosmological', 'horizons', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'region', 'bounded', 'by', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'blackwhite', 'hole', 'horizons', 'and', 'cosmological', 'horizons', 'solutions', 'phi', 'converge', 'pointwise', 'to', 'a', 'constant', 'faster', 'than', 'any', 'given', 'polynomial', 'rate', 'where', 'the', 'decay', 'is', 'measured', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'natural', 'futuredirected', 'advanced', 'and', 'retarded', 'time', 'coordinates', 'we', 'also', 'give', 'such', 'uniform', 'decay', 'bounds', 'for', 'the', 'energy', 'associated', 'to', 'the', 'killing', 'field', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'for', 'the', 'energy', 'measured', 'by', 'local', 'observers', 'crossing', 'the', 'event', 'horizon', 'the', 'results', 'in', 'particular', 'include', 'decay', 'rates', 'along', 'the', 'horizons', 'themselves', 'finally', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'relation', 'of', 'these', 'results', 'to', 'previous', 'heuristic', 'analysis', 'of', 'price', 'and', 'brady', 'et', 'al']]
[-0.1537385104442544, 0.0852055812412104, -0.07994855310836876, 0.11106397154601579, -0.0970074178300292, -0.12268867481350439, -0.013894708850133566, 0.30147786577013724, -0.21581670862944496, -0.253775884682258, 0.15176204918006314, -0.31209200210466886, -0.07622162168299389, 0.2027350286177049, -0.05950299330809539, 0.09521320972154722, 0.03870515000466027, 0.08529680160759592, -0.09686286952547775, -0.24361555895877335, 0.3836970838091486, 0.06533390676234792, 0.2232282690151974, 0.0208989828278851, 0.13905521098849144, 0.012005299939141597, -0.01777822028466121, 0.053031024114907156, -0.23050550840685272, 0.04046808034871464, 0.2079903860030305, 0.15701516315320874, 0.19640978864261366, -0.4513386818062928, -0.18702475650503333, 0.13553127392919528, 0.1504145673458913, 0.12849695510773512, -0.05983214308780813, -0.31738855993449916, 0.06307498517555449, -0.14520940147369044, -0.1857078528623844, -0.040014556574600714, 0.04849842876658694, 0.024076236360188987, -0.2543300730578693, 0.11381936913056523, 0.0666186230546036, -0.013222191109103554, -0.16432531542478152, -0.04913818959633958, -0.04274357368100296, 0.05620212130317533, 0.12112984235935995, 0.049165733259194246, 0.1124736975661456, -0.07356910529132518, -0.13524315269364987, 0.3065163534663526, -0.07134802371666286, -0.2354682208797722, 0.16365336452288853, -0.20015721068786527, -0.06866578124233602, 0.11457058318235257, 0.17201989940022705, 0.16575476804886152, -0.09977940842221825, 0.15341877125679332, -0.01086440339480041, 0.12426314346009383, 0.14688062056738102, 0.027247032618443308, 0.216347189873089, 0.05214147113499312, 0.112216868826237, 0.11846312629432636, -0.038925799173604766, -0.1271283844889021, -0.38159849580354344, -0.1597471613441249, -0.15056078724080213, 0.0804550892850032, -0.17776641540506347, -0.19427664152470153, 0.3416903046546159, 0.06925315071072682, 0.20537785438096356, 0.0987315031952788, 0.22206823998360814, 0.10834406014543708, 0.010028664782976754, 0.13727963047050354, 0.26062238875224636, 0.06440434189524824, 0.12187779295534172, -0.206022600381043, 0.004176883377640704, 0.08551067826336316]
709.2767
Approximate Model of Neutron Resonant Scattering in a Crystal
In the theory of resonant scattering, the double differential cross section involves the computation of a multifold integral of a 4-point correlation function, which generalizes the traditional 2-point correlation function of Van-Hove for potential scattering. In the case of a neutron-crystal interaction, the numerical computation of these multifold integrals is cumbersome. In this paper, a new approximation is suggested. It is based on a factorization of the differential cross section into one function describing the exchange of kinetic energy between the neutron and the bound nucleus (phonons dynamic) and a function related to the nuclear scattering amplitude. This formalism is then applied to the modeling of resonant scattering of a neutron by $^{238}U$ in a $UO_2$ crystal lattice.
cond-mat.other
in the theory of resonant scattering the double differential cross section involves the computation of a multifold integral of a 4point correlation function which generalizes the traditional 2point correlation function of vanhove for potential scattering in the case of a neutroncrystal interaction the numerical computation of these multifold integrals is cumbersome in this paper a new approximation is suggested it is based on a factorization of the differential cross section into one function describing the exchange of kinetic energy between the neutron and the bound nucleus phonons dynamic and a function related to the nuclear scattering amplitude this formalism is then applied to the modeling of resonant scattering of a neutron by 238u in a uo_2 crystal lattice
[['in', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'resonant', 'scattering', 'the', 'double', 'differential', 'cross', 'section', 'involves', 'the', 'computation', 'of', 'a', 'multifold', 'integral', 'of', 'a', '4point', 'correlation', 'function', 'which', 'generalizes', 'the', 'traditional', '2point', 'correlation', 'function', 'of', 'vanhove', 'for', 'potential', 'scattering', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'neutroncrystal', 'interaction', 'the', 'numerical', 'computation', 'of', 'these', 'multifold', 'integrals', 'is', 'cumbersome', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'a', 'new', 'approximation', 'is', 'suggested', 'it', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'factorization', 'of', 'the', 'differential', 'cross', 'section', 'into', 'one', 'function', 'describing', 'the', 'exchange', 'of', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'between', 'the', 'neutron', 'and', 'the', 'bound', 'nucleus', 'phonons', 'dynamic', 'and', 'a', 'function', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'nuclear', 'scattering', 'amplitude', 'this', 'formalism', 'is', 'then', 'applied', 'to', 'the', 'modeling', 'of', 'resonant', 'scattering', 'of', 'a', 'neutron', 'by', '238u', 'in', 'a', 'uo_2', 'crystal', 'lattice']]
[-0.12954131189463103, 0.09370246206402269, -0.1267266964388645, 0.11463971733927536, -0.0396031317118014, -0.04884818852998507, 0.0312435652097512, 0.30957481035819423, -0.276962040975276, -0.24497329915722466, -0.00022313850892023143, -0.30917000464904004, -0.1615298418726167, 0.19237245184082824, 0.07056141002392237, 0.08327927804177898, 0.027588516159349274, 0.04038788758329729, -0.10413260801703247, -0.19383263867547434, 0.364661700430557, 0.050445766534465246, 0.24415982648348197, 0.13980586149509147, 0.09240238284134966, 0.14820679150020274, -0.030901740472286176, -0.04918095558627039, -0.10002957480267072, 0.14893807427814373, 0.2403413500944272, 0.02677792439269077, 0.1850792595053999, -0.4109980304303587, -0.15950542658917669, 0.04180410608219413, 0.15944329606225857, 0.1064550779773814, -0.03258633077578444, -0.21861689296375927, -0.0021254378410740797, -0.20884079105642617, -0.1279520274609582, -0.0453791281240236, 0.03881447893591263, 0.030753946305913292, -0.2886321383695572, 0.09395680868148437, 0.020008090811853226, -0.006930012058150262, -0.06553165142376645, -0.11629327871980003, 0.005568531934872397, 0.030426506681415517, 0.05050431701959644, 0.04833025728853849, 0.13499320433753678, -0.15597127334604788, -0.09496788220364664, 0.3441676719165925, -0.055775745649439976, -0.1994834010147004, 0.09186526111916153, -0.16615395243160236, -0.10483440270042445, 0.1977435956016565, 0.15528431203580487, 0.1470071869249591, -0.18783298715885377, 0.11656472380531745, -0.013564002891190542, 0.15823410109131256, 0.08711842912384588, -0.0034886129264138704, 0.16484366485482863, 0.19602382883357888, 0.007996247428604681, 0.13550164585168928, -0.11846521766020511, -0.10740194269097768, -0.3370978459636243, -0.1556808130965684, -0.16372290860192898, 0.06172511571397384, -0.06545820653127132, -0.20630985063811144, 0.3716542618110394, 0.05027474068119151, 0.2015651374951833, 0.014937411939016838, 0.32811611495975757, 0.21038270100123352, 0.10198208412282869, -0.018578940793537557, 0.27062436511628646, 0.22980722104613152, 0.0917863560657407, -0.28041973209474236, 0.03649661291199617, 0.07082985279858749]
709.2768
Shape and orientation of stellar velocity ellipsoids in spiral galaxies
We present a numerical study of the properties of the stellar velocity distribution in stellar discs which have developed a saturated, two-armed spiral structure. We follow the growth of the spiral structure deeply into the non-linear regime by solving the Boltzmann moment equations up to second order. By adopting the thin-disc approximation, we restrict our study of the stellar velocity distribution to the plane of the stellar disc. We find that the outer (convex) edges of stellar spiral arms are characterized by peculiar properties of the stellar velocity ellipsoids, which make them distinct from most other galactic regions. In particular, the ratio \sigma_1:\sigma_2 of the smallest versus largest principal axes of the stellar velocity ellipsoid can become abnormally small (as compared to the rest of the disc) near the outer edges of spiral arms. Moreover, the epicycle approximation fails to reproduce the ratio of the tangential versus radial velocity dispersions in these regions. These peculiar properties of the stellar velocity distribution are caused by large-scale non-circular motions of stars, which in turn are triggered by the non-axisymmetric gravitational field of stellar spiral arms. The magnitude of the vertex deviation appears to correlate globally with the amplitude of the spiral stellar density perturbations. However, locally there is no simple correlation between the vertex deviation and the density perturbations. (Abstract abridged).
astro-ph
we present a numerical study of the properties of the stellar velocity distribution in stellar discs which have developed a saturated twoarmed spiral structure we follow the growth of the spiral structure deeply into the nonlinear regime by solving the boltzmann moment equations up to second order by adopting the thindisc approximation we restrict our study of the stellar velocity distribution to the plane of the stellar disc we find that the outer convex edges of stellar spiral arms are characterized by peculiar properties of the stellar velocity ellipsoids which make them distinct from most other galactic regions in particular the ratio sigma_1sigma_2 of the smallest versus largest principal axes of the stellar velocity ellipsoid can become abnormally small as compared to the rest of the disc near the outer edges of spiral arms moreover the epicycle approximation fails to reproduce the ratio of the tangential versus radial velocity dispersions in these regions these peculiar properties of the stellar velocity distribution are caused by largescale noncircular motions of stars which in turn are triggered by the nonaxisymmetric gravitational field of stellar spiral arms the magnitude of the vertex deviation appears to correlate globally with the amplitude of the spiral stellar density perturbations however locally there is no simple correlation between the vertex deviation and the density perturbations abstract abridged
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'numerical', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'velocity', 'distribution', 'in', 'stellar', 'discs', 'which', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'saturated', 'twoarmed', 'spiral', 'structure', 'we', 'follow', 'the', 'growth', 'of', 'the', 'spiral', 'structure', 'deeply', 'into', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'regime', 'by', 'solving', 'the', 'boltzmann', 'moment', 'equations', 'up', 'to', 'second', 'order', 'by', 'adopting', 'the', 'thindisc', 'approximation', 'we', 'restrict', 'our', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'velocity', 'distribution', 'to', 'the', 'plane', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'disc', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'outer', 'convex', 'edges', 'of', 'stellar', 'spiral', 'arms', 'are', 'characterized', 'by', 'peculiar', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'velocity', 'ellipsoids', 'which', 'make', 'them', 'distinct', 'from', 'most', 'other', 'galactic', 'regions', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'ratio', 'sigma_1sigma_2', 'of', 'the', 'smallest', 'versus', 'largest', 'principal', 'axes', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'velocity', 'ellipsoid', 'can', 'become', 'abnormally', 'small', 'as', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'rest', 'of', 'the', 'disc', 'near', 'the', 'outer', 'edges', 'of', 'spiral', 'arms', 'moreover', 'the', 'epicycle', 'approximation', 'fails', 'to', 'reproduce', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'tangential', 'versus', 'radial', 'velocity', 'dispersions', 'in', 'these', 'regions', 'these', 'peculiar', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'velocity', 'distribution', 'are', 'caused', 'by', 'largescale', 'noncircular', 'motions', 'of', 'stars', 'which', 'in', 'turn', 'are', 'triggered', 'by', 'the', 'nonaxisymmetric', 'gravitational', 'field', 'of', 'stellar', 'spiral', 'arms', 'the', 'magnitude', 'of', 'the', 'vertex', 'deviation', 'appears', 'to', 'correlate', 'globally', 'with', 'the', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'spiral', 'stellar', 'density', 'perturbations', 'however', 'locally', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'simple', 'correlation', 'between', 'the', 'vertex', 'deviation', 'and', 'the', 'density', 'perturbations', 'abstract', 'abridged']]
[-0.13664985642572822, 0.11720597251535278, -0.08894781903874079, 0.07170442503411323, -0.10844844256604269, 0.006543880409335709, -0.027186979123733548, 0.3720466896411048, -0.2490173135889422, -0.3126643403309938, 0.034181342123195395, -0.2539140294456416, -0.08323705334367988, 0.15835607956380468, 0.003506820819013195, 0.019991755492245824, 0.014800253123274609, -0.03837897640878343, -0.06908125348376391, -0.2269091187624397, 0.3478164340658581, 0.010690596572348856, 0.15366417512756914, -0.0915536701750461, 0.04741025256677679, -0.07286971668631995, -0.045409506973576604, 0.0605955853437384, -0.1995196581477489, 0.07647729792194144, 0.1899837212775011, 0.07308477959829514, 0.24298479951722504, -0.40857095449958764, -0.1794848143182627, 0.05158779943110974, 0.19785253760472926, 0.07669662534350691, -0.04608793833322789, -0.25059732199874046, 0.08785886267523312, -0.14171952205823837, -0.23646041298642345, 0.027685532955222626, 0.05816789261505569, 0.07152520826158464, -0.2124203094562992, 0.16683228121438917, 0.07514190391986099, 0.0755110212163702, -0.08770970937255855, -0.09509909416646718, -0.11051749016719628, 0.09137133279279487, 0.06242053572101238, 0.0636020225608832, 0.19375407714269136, -0.16522396153868196, -0.008741499534776204, 0.40060742492000806, -0.07295682173448623, -0.12596466890259828, 0.18505074142916425, -0.24394680788851084, -0.09272658850861602, 0.1311000862124814, 0.19271187766637976, 0.09806000912343003, -0.11254040633283606, 0.031549948435351166, -0.0634935764504435, 0.1608553503397597, 0.09164170394162541, 0.013339012788425808, 0.2896263029332779, 0.0562762555030502, 0.09326930098835226, 0.10661315784463234, -0.19372592823376314, -0.11089901180010817, -0.24938686625377093, -0.07403014845227542, -0.12776282485670168, 0.0021247853169889617, -0.15534573758107909, -0.18731323261341276, 0.37924542729253774, 0.08983286052780677, 0.24858023081672245, 0.049778149315989555, 0.30760849822635794, 0.11408610932037795, 0.11184080675686603, 0.15938847019447686, 0.3254064404510374, 0.2169308307629555, 0.023584295113647534, -0.3051759964898367, 0.12615094255213732, 0.016590163135076087]
709.2769
Time-Dependent {\boldmath $CP$}-Violating Asymmetry in $B^0\to\rho^0\gamma$ Decays
We report the first measurement of CP-violation parameters in $B^0\to\rho^0\gamma$ decays based on a data sample of $657\times 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. The flavor of the $B$ meson is identified from the decay products of the accompanying $B$ meson. We obtain the time-dependent and direct CP-violating parameters, $\cals_{\rhoz\gamma} = -0.83\pm 0.65(stat)\pm 0.18(syst)$ and $\cala_{\rhoz\gamma} = -0.44\pm 0.49(stat)\pm 0.14(syst)$, respectively.
hep-ex
we report the first measurement of cpviolation parameters in b0torho0gamma decays based on a data sample of 657times 106 bbarb pairs collected with the belle detector at the kekb asymmetricenergy e e collider the flavor of the b meson is identified from the decay products of the accompanying b meson we obtain the timedependent and direct cpviolating parameters cals_rhozgamma 083pm 065statpm 018syst and cala_rhozgamma 044pm 049statpm 014syst respectively
[['we', 'report', 'the', 'first', 'measurement', 'of', 'cpviolation', 'parameters', 'in', 'b0torho0gamma', 'decays', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'data', 'sample', 'of', '657times', '106', 'bbarb', 'pairs', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'belle', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'kekb', 'asymmetricenergy', 'e', 'e', 'collider', 'the', 'flavor', 'of', 'the', 'b', 'meson', 'is', 'identified', 'from', 'the', 'decay', 'products', 'of', 'the', 'accompanying', 'b', 'meson', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'timedependent', 'and', 'direct', 'cpviolating', 'parameters', 'cals_rhozgamma', '083pm', '065statpm', '018syst', 'and', 'cala_rhozgamma', '044pm', '049statpm', '014syst', 'respectively']]
[-0.12809533481636354, 0.20379608596164372, -0.05457442829896125, 0.04823215686032669, -0.05268288865279887, -0.11305934811882194, 0.10866000495227654, 0.2634508093638766, -0.1377940683835937, -0.26051027153528505, -0.02737174108586905, -0.42120270497135576, 0.0699351865708107, 0.16254749517482256, 0.10909831230979293, 0.12158265607731958, 0.17532803677022457, 0.023565665691069538, -0.07258625207055781, -0.18889510333387843, 0.23184639722063777, 0.032862748710378524, 0.19189910692042642, 0.06957406271624589, 0.036996603577262574, -0.0008743032512645568, -0.09550768859504212, -0.12660187574463985, -0.1757035439443444, 0.015877259331905553, 0.19006993894975993, 0.18458654766061133, 0.08287838251600342, -0.33002884302890556, 0.050831767204668254, 0.19261223642200592, 0.09968599589962152, 0.004041450308455575, -0.05412355053328698, -0.44435343410699596, 0.12309674437968962, -0.21659031817539326, -0.025562004027550198, -0.02601465739820513, 0.057699022311416846, -0.08177920623171714, -0.41216795729292977, 0.09664743387651059, -0.12168255706708278, 0.09403468555800858, -0.02143280997481798, -0.27078643506730815, -0.028158812025081244, -0.060416216135866216, 0.060362519887876845, 0.044504463439807296, 0.20206484106940129, -0.08011172995752384, -0.19339000226013484, 0.33617303042762703, -0.10090085810858704, -0.06811551961507048, 0.15078936269762175, -0.28033567369434864, -0.11811898628460063, 0.15174668774970115, 0.28629160039277085, 0.04126631026907313, -0.21473843105618032, 0.15844278316381538, -0.03468526923003787, 0.14268859581000382, 0.07647615822122222, 0.07523180949952334, 0.14578354401483892, 0.21547226426041416, 0.020104097187398903, 0.05040409371084083, -0.1619562307981053, 0.0598575051633581, -0.465565181044381, -0.12679907710351532, -0.09588159527629614, 0.09611276953270839, 0.015406430266129093, -0.04800860469620074, 0.4086820394581845, 0.046078107627709544, 0.3505175030760227, -0.05091869864132135, 0.2785045466716251, 0.048097626591521885, 0.013001996629980332, 0.05963054703123259, 0.3214919151618115, 0.1608210222405051, 0.163483367564397, -0.32978883756497396, 0.0005364341120566091, 0.009607118434242664]
709.277
Renormalization of chiral two-pion exchange NN interactions. Momentum vs. coordinate space
The renormalization of the chiral np interaction in the 1S0 channel to N3LO in Weinberg counting for the long distance potential with one single momentum and energy independent counterterm is carried out. This renormalization scheme yields finite and unique results and is free of short distance off-shell ambiguities. We observe good convergence in the entire elastic range below pion production threshold and find that there are some small physical effects missing in the purely pionic chiral NN potential with or without inclusion of explicit Delta degrees of freedom. We also study the renormalizability of the standard Weinberg counting at NLO and N2LO when a momentum dependent polynomial counterterm is included. Our numerical results suggest that the inclusion of this counterterm does not yield a convergent amplitude (at NLO and N2LO).
nucl-th
the renormalization of the chiral np interaction in the 1s0 channel to n3lo in weinberg counting for the long distance potential with one single momentum and energy independent counterterm is carried out this renormalization scheme yields finite and unique results and is free of short distance offshell ambiguities we observe good convergence in the entire elastic range below pion production threshold and find that there are some small physical effects missing in the purely pionic chiral nn potential with or without inclusion of explicit delta degrees of freedom we also study the renormalizability of the standard weinberg counting at nlo and n2lo when a momentum dependent polynomial counterterm is included our numerical results suggest that the inclusion of this counterterm does not yield a convergent amplitude at nlo and n2lo
[['the', 'renormalization', 'of', 'the', 'chiral', 'np', 'interaction', 'in', 'the', '1s0', 'channel', 'to', 'n3lo', 'in', 'weinberg', 'counting', 'for', 'the', 'long', 'distance', 'potential', 'with', 'one', 'single', 'momentum', 'and', 'energy', 'independent', 'counterterm', 'is', 'carried', 'out', 'this', 'renormalization', 'scheme', 'yields', 'finite', 'and', 'unique', 'results', 'and', 'is', 'free', 'of', 'short', 'distance', 'offshell', 'ambiguities', 'we', 'observe', 'good', 'convergence', 'in', 'the', 'entire', 'elastic', 'range', 'below', 'pion', 'production', 'threshold', 'and', 'find', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'some', 'small', 'physical', 'effects', 'missing', 'in', 'the', 'purely', 'pionic', 'chiral', 'nn', 'potential', 'with', 'or', 'without', 'inclusion', 'of', 'explicit', 'delta', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'we', 'also', 'study', 'the', 'renormalizability', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'weinberg', 'counting', 'at', 'nlo', 'and', 'n2lo', 'when', 'a', 'momentum', 'dependent', 'polynomial', 'counterterm', 'is', 'included', 'our', 'numerical', 'results', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'inclusion', 'of', 'this', 'counterterm', 'does', 'not', 'yield', 'a', 'convergent', 'amplitude', 'at', 'nlo', 'and', 'n2lo']]
[-0.15106649016782356, 0.17115687034809246, -0.10866551688836458, 0.09046503548026802, -0.07369997608475387, -0.11539451502120265, 0.053257926625799604, 0.36312854593762983, -0.2167787614206855, -0.2488189987659168, -0.01292293412082542, -0.32571315096619613, -0.05874887000088795, 0.09096196474901472, 0.03149539539590478, 0.07985634161875799, 0.07275300041700784, 0.03862464516423643, -0.10289611105377285, -0.22908762619078446, 0.31689748069844564, 0.049325380209260264, 0.18239721390776908, 0.20766428646344978, 0.07925044119429703, 0.06869806629569772, -0.046422017850608635, -0.03557193396756282, -0.13170821832620558, 0.027865312814425964, 0.2394498942442274, -0.018903329049275133, 0.1892806352617649, -0.35001487949003396, -0.1655169282681667, 0.09133905629054286, 0.16199892103636207, 0.16415073989818876, -0.026655484983124412, -0.22060776975435706, 0.10286987837395058, -0.2345128765472999, -0.17585416292198575, -0.14945821343706203, 0.0046305660731517356, -0.02463551653871456, -0.30919064295191606, 0.12371046817212258, 0.0014822122175246477, 0.042413462438763906, -0.007071998427048898, -0.1848172412182276, -0.02889196608717052, 0.08751275039058573, 0.10915283901760212, 0.07949924310490203, 0.10432063351886776, -0.16253012753754426, -0.09762444622241534, 0.37787309581270584, -0.05372183463500383, -0.2087861258070916, 0.12319475360653506, -0.14882426783442498, -0.12337166169801583, 0.17399666341236578, 0.10696366985256855, 0.10564389929730589, -0.16633745681801185, 0.13793242645109646, 0.0003062589102997803, 0.19395381332231829, 0.11317849189687806, 0.06451647352570525, 0.11939070508457147, 0.12058026738142451, 0.02867083616124896, 0.04339236622461333, -0.041419080215004775, -0.1249395459675445, -0.45898653045296667, -0.04511559673835738, -0.14820869562860864, 0.062043272022520586, -0.13090287116289032, -0.15355461484107832, 0.35121195635748825, 0.16182898368525248, 0.187689406485655, 0.04464542802351599, 0.3127340787018721, 0.116623553494887, 0.12058797107221415, 0.05805386176619392, 0.30938177291559094, 0.12164017328132803, 0.06259918962963498, -0.2992597651739533, -0.03956855434539298, 0.09852955981802482]
709.2771
Interacting Brownian motions and the Gross-Pitaevskii formula
We review probabilistic approaches to the Gross-Pitaevskii theory describing interacting dilute systems of particles. The main achievement are large deviations principles for the mean occupation measure of a large system of interacting Brownian motions in a trapping potential. The corresponding rate functions are given as variational problems whose solution provide effective descriptions of the infinite system.
math.PR math-ph math.MP
we review probabilistic approaches to the grosspitaevskii theory describing interacting dilute systems of particles the main achievement are large deviations principles for the mean occupation measure of a large system of interacting brownian motions in a trapping potential the corresponding rate functions are given as variational problems whose solution provide effective descriptions of the infinite system
[['we', 'review', 'probabilistic', 'approaches', 'to', 'the', 'grosspitaevskii', 'theory', 'describing', 'interacting', 'dilute', 'systems', 'of', 'particles', 'the', 'main', 'achievement', 'are', 'large', 'deviations', 'principles', 'for', 'the', 'mean', 'occupation', 'measure', 'of', 'a', 'large', 'system', 'of', 'interacting', 'brownian', 'motions', 'in', 'a', 'trapping', 'potential', 'the', 'corresponding', 'rate', 'functions', 'are', 'given', 'as', 'variational', 'problems', 'whose', 'solution', 'provide', 'effective', 'descriptions', 'of', 'the', 'infinite', 'system']]
[-0.1355938724092474, 0.14363527625807496, -0.08657020130859953, 0.10063467274553009, 0.004264225759210863, -0.11617506225593388, 0.015535235413283641, 0.28239560599571895, -0.2651785016558798, -0.30013803787421367, 0.05086354986789437, -0.3218703423626721, -0.11396216309263504, 0.1661221485950851, -0.0007018676426793848, 0.09056066116318107, 0.07360276023557942, 0.02066728926365613, -0.03770471888128668, -0.2054522205144167, 0.28661593196115326, 0.008585129099498903, 0.258781199659487, 0.007506635620042549, 0.16190713833618378, -0.002727050567045808, 0.023302650120708028, 0.03554216558612617, -0.17132984630630485, 0.17581119965429284, 0.20211884465866856, 0.0814513215196452, 0.3125407416040876, -0.4188231644885881, -0.216682297510228, 0.09610298893039726, 0.1518540957809559, 0.1781838179366397, -0.03622700721358082, -0.3114868661588324, -0.005719971660125468, -0.16543836083396204, -0.22796609844746335, -0.08548939540716154, 0.06268476382995557, 0.14151997811027936, -0.258492559942949, 0.11911940635919953, 0.038782782586557527, 0.07579790900334567, -0.13441114039492927, -0.09208992943084533, 0.057953931696829386, 0.1266913060265194, 0.0329559932329825, -0.022635327918188914, 0.16536181690337667, -0.16481974939649394, -0.13398304643175965, 0.4204742271685973, -0.11301287031632715, -0.2485831315363092, 0.2362376866928701, -0.1444904278281943, -0.1054202394859333, 0.1458430189772376, 0.22677792563003354, 0.13157275450482434, -0.20066970147724664, 0.10463428583794407, -0.041418798583825786, 0.11464671143663249, -0.011693376565485128, 0.05536862527618983, 0.252358086240877, 0.21178538963431492, 0.06450847579565432, 0.12187561372827206, -0.01152600599120238, -0.21482842255915915, -0.3404627307318151, -0.1428546655723559, -0.21297549867969273, 0.05518794148727985, -0.09439025421826434, -0.22206534619077242, 0.3219272378857048, 0.15182714504356096, 0.1488147440166878, 0.1052925069192757, 0.24496332559335446, 0.19202488263129322, -0.0036996311869838144, 0.010832140338607132, 0.2050270045344535, 0.18595764773947718, 0.06151054001696009, -0.19838786947158432, -0.013661613109953967, 0.10398406508777823]
709.2772
Modelling discontinuities and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in SPH
In this paper we discuss the treatment of discontinuities in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. In particular we discuss the difference between integral and differential representations of the fluid equations in an SPH context and how this relates to the formulation of dissip ative terms for the capture of shocks and other discontinuities. This has important implications for many problems, in particular related to recently highlighted problems in treating Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities across entropy gradients in SPH. The specific problems pointed out by Agertz et al. (2007) are shown to be related in particular to the (lack of) treatment of contact discontinuities in standard SPH formulations which can be cured by the simple application of an artificial thermal conductivity term. We propose a new formulation of artificial thermal conductivity in SPH which minimises dissipation away from discontinuities and can therefore be applied quite generally in SPH calculations.
astro-ph
in this paper we discuss the treatment of discontinuities in smoothed particle hydrodynamics sph simulations in particular we discuss the difference between integral and differential representations of the fluid equations in an sph context and how this relates to the formulation of dissip ative terms for the capture of shocks and other discontinuities this has important implications for many problems in particular related to recently highlighted problems in treating kelvinhelmholtz instabilities across entropy gradients in sph the specific problems pointed out by agertz et al 2007 are shown to be related in particular to the lack of treatment of contact discontinuities in standard sph formulations which can be cured by the simple application of an artificial thermal conductivity term we propose a new formulation of artificial thermal conductivity in sph which minimises dissipation away from discontinuities and can therefore be applied quite generally in sph calculations
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'treatment', 'of', 'discontinuities', 'in', 'smoothed', 'particle', 'hydrodynamics', 'sph', 'simulations', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'integral', 'and', 'differential', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'fluid', 'equations', 'in', 'an', 'sph', 'context', 'and', 'how', 'this', 'relates', 'to', 'the', 'formulation', 'of', 'dissip', 'ative', 'terms', 'for', 'the', 'capture', 'of', 'shocks', 'and', 'other', 'discontinuities', 'this', 'has', 'important', 'implications', 'for', 'many', 'problems', 'in', 'particular', 'related', 'to', 'recently', 'highlighted', 'problems', 'in', 'treating', 'kelvinhelmholtz', 'instabilities', 'across', 'entropy', 'gradients', 'in', 'sph', 'the', 'specific', 'problems', 'pointed', 'out', 'by', 'agertz', 'et', 'al', '2007', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'related', 'in', 'particular', 'to', 'the', 'lack', 'of', 'treatment', 'of', 'contact', 'discontinuities', 'in', 'standard', 'sph', 'formulations', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'cured', 'by', 'the', 'simple', 'application', 'of', 'an', 'artificial', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'term', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'formulation', 'of', 'artificial', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'in', 'sph', 'which', 'minimises', 'dissipation', 'away', 'from', 'discontinuities', 'and', 'can', 'therefore', 'be', 'applied', 'quite', 'generally', 'in', 'sph', 'calculations']]
[-0.06103267730132858, 0.07064474831491276, -0.11840029651001613, 0.0624556583231121, -0.04887490295934387, -0.08425956827058043, -0.06104385677463142, 0.3312316269051128, -0.3111208560165121, -0.33132271945942193, 0.06579201570275472, -0.2475181272149914, -0.17209051229615902, 0.2047091326635887, -0.12985761673836452, 0.05448066103660191, 0.06920308778676877, -0.06443007184619394, -0.09178871023080622, -0.24953300580252996, 0.3125666242493834, 0.08174207684674507, 0.21067226180780885, 0.08940021118744174, 0.09522811271017417, -0.04822212576820877, -0.07942172454527786, 0.10170191367716244, -0.14728320472770268, 0.043268365979505084, 0.26064424778774586, 0.04626603333680476, 0.288015066961331, -0.48464112150638056, -0.29252688500693896, 0.0751210919067186, 0.15237646464245497, 0.1307984300284362, -0.05973640923103732, -0.20279713487575968, 0.03237005371354624, -0.17473535088356584, -0.11278017059278984, -0.07231095889154757, 0.016926005844854645, 0.020701285651335236, -0.2395052313933977, 0.143308742191746, 0.04373306026294207, 0.028903814383081934, -0.06894719913705355, -0.09295203208198978, -0.00308102170108921, 0.05363132324095608, 0.06866900711934755, 0.01818551594624296, 0.10316072605201043, -0.1777567850028087, -0.10909430061130682, 0.4120666730062415, -0.04529185594745084, -0.26041537975995904, 0.2576973259452239, -0.09710801457145458, -0.13788370468602, 0.10660780339256032, 0.1965831255915368, 0.13597804993171142, -0.1611753401100739, 0.07059105532728911, -0.009837085846811533, 0.10012620848445092, 0.07933497015943027, -0.05086767456830583, 0.2069732657360469, 0.1106438621597287, 0.013399309911619639, 0.15727767318336797, -0.07881981241613782, -0.13343764050457846, -0.31614193595143864, -0.183583076894542, -0.1473904734189596, -0.00409056380805042, -0.0674669239665996, -0.1894160987839718, 0.3481127584301349, 0.24274814351206764, 0.15394826144135246, -0.026207756060507056, 0.28159232663973754, 0.14103913673332297, 0.059957744489010006, 0.09471376065792153, 0.2468605664285456, 0.1496056546683475, 0.1233460044766414, -0.2636873828871305, 0.03701280760772837, 0.08597955072117555]
709.2773
Applications of dimensional reduction to electroweak and QCD matter
This paper is a slightly modified version of the introductory part of a doctoral dissertation also containing the articles hep-ph/0311268, hep-ph/0510375, hep-ph/0512177 and hep-ph/0701250. The thesis discusses effective field theory methods, in particular dimensional reduction, in the context of finite temperature field theory. We first briefly review the formalism of thermal field theory and show how dimensional reduction emerges as the high-temperature limit for static quantities. Then we apply dimensional reduction to two distinct problems, the pressure of electroweak theory and the screening masses of mesonic operators in hot QCD, and point out the similarities. We summarize the results and discuss their validity, while leaving all details to original research articles.
hep-ph
this paper is a slightly modified version of the introductory part of a doctoral dissertation also containing the articles hepph0311268 hepph0510375 hepph0512177 and hepph0701250 the thesis discusses effective field theory methods in particular dimensional reduction in the context of finite temperature field theory we first briefly review the formalism of thermal field theory and show how dimensional reduction emerges as the hightemperature limit for static quantities then we apply dimensional reduction to two distinct problems the pressure of electroweak theory and the screening masses of mesonic operators in hot qcd and point out the similarities we summarize the results and discuss their validity while leaving all details to original research articles
[['this', 'paper', 'is', 'a', 'slightly', 'modified', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'introductory', 'part', 'of', 'a', 'doctoral', 'dissertation', 'also', 'containing', 'the', 'articles', 'hepph0311268', 'hepph0510375', 'hepph0512177', 'and', 'hepph0701250', 'the', 'thesis', 'discusses', 'effective', 'field', 'theory', 'methods', 'in', 'particular', 'dimensional', 'reduction', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'finite', 'temperature', 'field', 'theory', 'we', 'first', 'briefly', 'review', 'the', 'formalism', 'of', 'thermal', 'field', 'theory', 'and', 'show', 'how', 'dimensional', 'reduction', 'emerges', 'as', 'the', 'hightemperature', 'limit', 'for', 'static', 'quantities', 'then', 'we', 'apply', 'dimensional', 'reduction', 'to', 'two', 'distinct', 'problems', 'the', 'pressure', 'of', 'electroweak', 'theory', 'and', 'the', 'screening', 'masses', 'of', 'mesonic', 'operators', 'in', 'hot', 'qcd', 'and', 'point', 'out', 'the', 'similarities', 'we', 'summarize', 'the', 'results', 'and', 'discuss', 'their', 'validity', 'while', 'leaving', 'all', 'details', 'to', 'original', 'research', 'articles']]
[-0.06872595754499922, 0.14073699029928474, -0.09069490605077454, 0.0770328889870755, -0.06056903266983333, -0.06914382968609283, 0.03943366636239236, 0.2978558935938734, -0.22387947027232044, -0.2603473727869862, 0.0920525678601029, -0.29746184440625606, -0.16572897753103802, 0.1390603354688142, -0.05171567953200402, -0.01140184918522974, 0.013255307294219454, 0.048095381261659, -0.1246788611757421, -0.3090122180912539, 0.3652418581159594, 0.03548457224583514, 0.282524603919483, 0.12181649483722921, 0.06592520129666707, 0.013214809876631633, -0.07111520023372407, 0.08055302368424763, -0.15305032333028373, 0.12482527534642787, 0.269687705225024, 0.0869658780110147, 0.2673303362060443, -0.4088770362296116, -0.20115412281669467, 0.031066906860394178, 0.1186874321940416, 0.16524171350288822, -0.026703633300559682, -0.23331013541216047, 0.054729893059408834, -0.17825046327252325, -0.1685259328920081, -0.10379797550980176, -0.010128310456149559, -0.05896383577773776, -0.1827808566582955, 0.08018497395096347, 0.06363296322959745, 0.09224101029136261, -0.08374574096660156, -0.15922864266697354, 0.02936421914426523, 0.07947516606720252, 0.11625172628881845, 0.022579854073559988, 0.13910574994754987, -0.16172840759188326, -0.12793573891421972, 0.39978321937617856, -0.06461281043686251, -0.11316704096394443, 0.18419134108649968, -0.12548079076179555, -0.17810187001373165, 0.04465020087408337, 0.18001077367236543, 0.13046705712364098, -0.17424287204413075, 0.16995480601081764, -0.00885300794355223, 0.14630602619520425, 0.06468620075556998, 0.04749708529561758, 0.20239352509999542, 0.1589351627517657, -0.022227309648574233, 0.15199741416297435, -0.03659340261403367, -0.14034570900235918, -0.36850764073222597, -0.16893073994311789, -0.10276673233166998, 0.03627377165324777, -0.046766427462397224, -0.1625718434181317, 0.4242225565608138, 0.22617125794537382, 0.14588631765272853, 0.0034937037929683645, 0.31019549057862467, 0.11155406001707208, 0.0003719095121111686, 0.05116137208103716, 0.20962300601145514, 0.18495685094532288, 0.14015161224083852, -0.2018133971544209, -0.09100794108915274, 0.13186319982720035]
709.2774
Intense terahertz laser fields on a two-dimensional hole gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
We investigate the influence on the density of states and the density of spin polarization for a two-dimensional hole gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling under intense terahertz laser fields. Via Floquet theorem, we solve the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation and calculate these densities. It is shown that a terahertz magnetic moment can be induced for low hole concentration. Different from the electron case, the induced magnetic moment is quite anisotropic due to the anisotropic spin-orbit coupling. Both the amplitude and the direction of the magnetic moment depend on the direction of the terahertz field. We further point out that for high hole concentration, the magnetic moment becomes very small due to the interference caused by the momentum dependence of the spin-orbit coupling. This effect also appears in two-dimensional electron systems.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
we investigate the influence on the density of states and the density of spin polarization for a twodimensional hole gas with rashba spinorbit coupling under intense terahertz laser fields via floquet theorem we solve the timedependent schrodinger equation and calculate these densities it is shown that a terahertz magnetic moment can be induced for low hole concentration different from the electron case the induced magnetic moment is quite anisotropic due to the anisotropic spinorbit coupling both the amplitude and the direction of the magnetic moment depend on the direction of the terahertz field we further point out that for high hole concentration the magnetic moment becomes very small due to the interference caused by the momentum dependence of the spinorbit coupling this effect also appears in twodimensional electron systems
[['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'influence', 'on', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'states', 'and', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'spin', 'polarization', 'for', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'hole', 'gas', 'with', 'rashba', 'spinorbit', 'coupling', 'under', 'intense', 'terahertz', 'laser', 'fields', 'via', 'floquet', 'theorem', 'we', 'solve', 'the', 'timedependent', 'schrodinger', 'equation', 'and', 'calculate', 'these', 'densities', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'a', 'terahertz', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'can', 'be', 'induced', 'for', 'low', 'hole', 'concentration', 'different', 'from', 'the', 'electron', 'case', 'the', 'induced', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'is', 'quite', 'anisotropic', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'anisotropic', 'spinorbit', 'coupling', 'both', 'the', 'amplitude', 'and', 'the', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'terahertz', 'field', 'we', 'further', 'point', 'out', 'that', 'for', 'high', 'hole', 'concentration', 'the', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'becomes', 'very', 'small', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'interference', 'caused', 'by', 'the', 'momentum', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'spinorbit', 'coupling', 'this', 'effect', 'also', 'appears', 'in', 'twodimensional', 'electron', 'systems']]
[-0.2132439761663527, 0.214568815280705, -0.021828728540287924, 0.06512428193205115, -0.054846083783263035, -0.08618051071413034, 0.003531998129879204, 0.384886925592441, -0.2700936897809422, -0.29077088697127595, 0.009385525554873396, -0.25594844305238057, -0.10007710082730813, 0.20781778043872395, 0.0632501984260572, -0.007453190762000953, -0.03932616729361489, -0.027000013457307983, -0.08961055131426962, -0.16934015826401552, 0.3534415083677443, 0.05847443579587826, 0.3179916280047434, 0.13152289557471047, 0.07529921241667728, 0.029081672029353158, 0.088967468221347, 0.04808836137197276, -0.1093747231992216, 0.0481568647367165, 0.17921833516380123, -0.09401927209755247, 0.21119159795055092, -0.4430972619285417, -0.19617382834066255, 0.03353638224693578, 0.09017329591023195, 0.182153426280404, -0.11538380927897181, -0.2966609760503422, 0.006746932073647893, -0.15286053543145112, -0.16291259537728922, -0.08542113872788677, 0.02390959805198909, 0.04334183982681743, -0.3042831083889617, 0.11776687531319606, 0.06513480851228183, 0.013584565154688304, -0.1090143813621686, -0.07777316121803235, -0.0620358214016946, 0.03545861236043563, 0.1278099794258443, 0.07475784445513589, 0.1682083924199895, -0.1408204929181194, -0.04041969276921347, 0.35374887443559117, -0.10033681996838124, -0.1772018682803641, 0.14469990956366005, -0.2503027043435289, -0.06629512167008694, 0.162452285351275, 0.171558036162092, 0.1494239785531608, -0.11791168072787944, 0.12612805898231816, 0.009437381649072202, 0.15028344110749092, 0.06498805291286504, 0.07406588419261136, 0.30041767548509807, 0.10978461871313494, 0.09374057993296418, 0.1352159454362727, -0.18369340206777982, -0.04877073414869202, -0.19770667935151232, -0.11340032904156187, -0.24940957279890313, 0.11962628639989005, -0.07707934360195388, -0.15648363016671213, 0.4086207022977083, 0.1767969827470911, 0.14456009191222663, -0.07526620929562595, 0.27986140000496723, 0.2047494975037786, 0.051246463947896954, 0.0343136123594532, 0.3076169890777547, 0.2372021792662265, 0.10776596442009359, -0.36778838874577263, 0.03102219088883825, 0.01561819865231135]
709.2775
How often does the ratchet click? Facts, heuristics, asymptotics
The evolutionary force of recombination is lacking in asexually reproducing populations. As a consequence, the population can suffer an irreversible accumulation of deleterious mutations, a phenomenon known as Muller's ratchet. We formulate discrete and continuous time versions of Muller's ratchet. Inspired by Haigh's (1978) analysis of a dynamical system which arises in the limit of large populations, we identify the parameter gamma = N*lambda/(Ns*log(N*lambda)) as most important for the speed of accumulation of deleterious mutations. Here N is population size, s is the selection coefficient and lambda is the deleterious mutation rate. For large parts of the parameter range, measuring time in units of size N, deleterious mutations accumulate according to a power law in N*lambda with exponent gamma if gamma>0.5. For gamma<0.5 mutations cannot accumulate. We obtain diffusion approximations for three different parameter regimes, depending on the speed of the ratchet. Our approximations shed new light on analyses of Stephan et al. (1993) and Gordo & Charlesworth (2000). The heuristics leading to the approximations are supported by simulations.
math.PR q-bio.PE
the evolutionary force of recombination is lacking in asexually reproducing populations as a consequence the population can suffer an irreversible accumulation of deleterious mutations a phenomenon known as mullers ratchet we formulate discrete and continuous time versions of mullers ratchet inspired by haighs 1978 analysis of a dynamical system which arises in the limit of large populations we identify the parameter gamma nlambdanslognlambda as most important for the speed of accumulation of deleterious mutations here n is population size s is the selection coefficient and lambda is the deleterious mutation rate for large parts of the parameter range measuring time in units of size n deleterious mutations accumulate according to a power law in nlambda with exponent gamma if gamma05 for gamma05 mutations cannot accumulate we obtain diffusion approximations for three different parameter regimes depending on the speed of the ratchet our approximations shed new light on analyses of stephan et al 1993 and gordo charlesworth 2000 the heuristics leading to the approximations are supported by simulations
[['the', 'evolutionary', 'force', 'of', 'recombination', 'is', 'lacking', 'in', 'asexually', 'reproducing', 'populations', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'the', 'population', 'can', 'suffer', 'an', 'irreversible', 'accumulation', 'of', 'deleterious', 'mutations', 'a', 'phenomenon', 'known', 'as', 'mullers', 'ratchet', 'we', 'formulate', 'discrete', 'and', 'continuous', 'time', 'versions', 'of', 'mullers', 'ratchet', 'inspired', 'by', 'haighs', '1978', 'analysis', 'of', 'a', 'dynamical', 'system', 'which', 'arises', 'in', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'large', 'populations', 'we', 'identify', 'the', 'parameter', 'gamma', 'nlambdanslognlambda', 'as', 'most', 'important', 'for', 'the', 'speed', 'of', 'accumulation', 'of', 'deleterious', 'mutations', 'here', 'n', 'is', 'population', 'size', 's', 'is', 'the', 'selection', 'coefficient', 'and', 'lambda', 'is', 'the', 'deleterious', 'mutation', 'rate', 'for', 'large', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'parameter', 'range', 'measuring', 'time', 'in', 'units', 'of', 'size', 'n', 'deleterious', 'mutations', 'accumulate', 'according', 'to', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'in', 'nlambda', 'with', 'exponent', 'gamma', 'if', 'gamma05', 'for', 'gamma05', 'mutations', 'can', 'not', 'accumulate', 'we', 'obtain', 'diffusion', 'approximations', 'for', 'three', 'different', 'parameter', 'regimes', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'speed', 'of', 'the', 'ratchet', 'our', 'approximations', 'shed', 'new', 'light', 'on', 'analyses', 'of', 'stephan', 'et', 'al', '1993', 'and', 'gordo', 'charlesworth', '2000', 'the', 'heuristics', 'leading', 'to', 'the', 'approximations', 'are', 'supported', 'by', 'simulations']]
[-0.12619340163443915, 0.17653088787875745, -0.07715123029933735, 0.07324528233712596, -0.03505517741220749, -0.14169342649155156, 0.11778326685907263, 0.32021367097217024, -0.2651699747685625, -0.2768590590380358, 0.06258256640849691, -0.2401440087084969, -0.15300295485578702, 0.20348399943305237, -0.10597691904527672, -0.013483605733508187, 0.04123826211346596, -0.03906686137373926, 0.0670098278163509, -0.24314238222485238, 0.25892097508309014, 0.0805321356096432, 0.2361310048000605, 0.005450428062767693, 0.09259556614172955, -0.018302198452875017, -0.05312578413409717, 0.015925957046221646, -0.1703247481449084, 0.02518039940129683, 0.20927749904380602, 0.09997225104210278, 0.3038186767561869, -0.37959099906412036, -0.23587420757747057, 0.15776372611924835, 0.17720609561392023, 0.15190922075416893, -0.051304842595180325, -0.22487529779530385, 0.048339972611178054, -0.14118238318672713, -0.15114311101197292, -0.022944318709161245, 0.09269932818062829, 0.08239465147313295, -0.2904103088136198, 0.1530593190045858, 0.05892134595320165, 0.05981120399453423, -0.031475825250769654, -0.13865654626508442, -0.03741408053813784, 0.13191328211405287, 0.07779083358914111, -0.008337542020264222, 0.18360363151648815, -0.11069599305364218, -0.13822456617190532, 0.34269772889374783, -0.04988266553123002, -0.1770007144210853, 0.21548416357148778, -0.16091832610016518, -0.12339953874717607, 0.13279521127908744, 0.1836560926682344, 0.1141800202920091, -0.1367193918505853, 0.11270512377342322, 0.00061249819541858, 0.15610869548523404, 0.09974249000519966, 0.007396144171555837, 0.16117578704248775, 0.1864388850263574, 0.04732829163866964, 0.08878553716578719, -0.10469996213390859, -0.12049365886804562, -0.2588268812971585, -0.13060621385547247, -0.1702863134683646, 0.09550695543143913, -0.10283715282681496, -0.17461552334257938, 0.3356534846183477, 0.12670442320999098, 0.2093278428426746, 0.0834712419045073, 0.2214493030428209, 0.14347980841853175, 0.07078947155087283, 0.0358197411860932, 0.17264436236723807, 0.09700688866221092, 0.04855787277108792, -0.28469292868747176, 0.1348064001113402, 0.055922809842917504]
709.2776
A note on calculating autocovariances of periodic ARMA models
An analytically simple and tractable formula for the start-up autocovariances of periodic ARMA (PARMA) models is provided.
stat.ME math.CO stat.CO
an analytically simple and tractable formula for the startup autocovariances of periodic arma parma models is provided
[['an', 'analytically', 'simple', 'and', 'tractable', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'startup', 'autocovariances', 'of', 'periodic', 'arma', 'parma', 'models', 'is', 'provided']]
[-0.0725640385028194, 0.06090272986758089, -0.10857265365912634, 0.15033530754119376, -0.10012661008273854, -0.2205612017389606, 0.038703192970441544, 0.4103558488628444, -0.2377377498675795, -0.15975893338156097, 0.14974439144134521, -0.20227767096366733, -0.19098459140342824, 0.3078726764549227, -0.08680906946606495, 0.1377867418615257, 0.04538446763420806, -0.00519505438997465, 0.00302202654454638, -0.2954408084864126, 0.12309416514985702, 0.07250094600021839, 0.2224173145916532, 0.0007599761490436161, 0.12948438026668393, 0.05352062181405285, -0.05605637556051507, -0.013464693473104168, -0.24387338012456894, 0.028181713129229406, 0.22877472163428833, 0.09851186853997848, 0.22718938270255046, -0.42944449898512926, -0.16246477308381788, 0.07176060180234559, 0.10695597397930481, 0.07473005770760424, 0.029349244857097372, -0.24191702233956142, 0.038690648603198284, -0.23704935938996427, -0.17738073801293092, -0.13788589966647766, 0.1657993291669032, 0.03693806184181834, -0.41132952974123116, 0.08815677398267914, 0.08765204875346493, 0.13508034667328878, -0.07952380268012776, -0.09938768275520381, -0.023517693228581372, 0.08919020391562406, 0.058086663944028685, -0.10246615859625094, 0.03183695345240481, -0.13063971073750189, -0.0972082356319708, 0.29494753151255493, -0.07668268675094142, -0.2614288536064765, 0.14508352625895948, -0.015507261049659812, -0.12309008562827811, 0.13820896757876172, 0.14232630677082958, 0.10751112901112612, -0.23758903501884027, 0.10355967107598725, -0.05739893901216633, 0.06111935613786473, 0.048222540220355284, -0.15641499836655223, 0.11220261873677373, 0.20678539037266197, 0.04816546800601132, 0.22701169265543714, -0.0029650068677523557, -0.1326864711830721, -0.34978638896170783, -0.061297875993392044, -0.21536110505557565, -0.03540842326166218, -0.20898369107967216, -0.2587726422969033, 0.36156946595977335, 0.04578915106899598, 0.10904903534580679, 0.24344519843511722, 0.3212149616276078, 0.28911906415048766, -0.05903573169866029, 0.1407900521915187, 0.15120841947603314, 0.1564980428528917, 0.07818232860197039, -0.14658856139901807, 0.1158014613970676, 0.0819203200585702]
709.2777
Basic outlines of a new hypothesis on physical reality
The papers mentioned in the bibliography lead to this new hypothesis which constitutes a wide panorama of the physical reality. Its coherence and its simplicity are virtues that make interesant to gaze upon it.
physics.gen-ph
the papers mentioned in the bibliography lead to this new hypothesis which constitutes a wide panorama of the physical reality its coherence and its simplicity are virtues that make interesant to gaze upon it
[['the', 'papers', 'mentioned', 'in', 'the', 'bibliography', 'lead', 'to', 'this', 'new', 'hypothesis', 'which', 'constitutes', 'a', 'wide', 'panorama', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'reality', 'its', 'coherence', 'and', 'its', 'simplicity', 'are', 'virtues', 'that', 'make', 'interesant', 'to', 'gaze', 'upon', 'it']]
[-0.05755552169725751, 0.07627662649434624, -0.14143604378808627, 0.03370698215087142, -0.14618460884825749, -0.12275624987810399, 0.060995122375474733, 0.3758593733337792, -0.25667449211080867, -0.32241176612054306, 0.08540081191511656, -0.21925849986798834, -0.13937852787079685, 0.1930247921440186, -0.14152743108570576, 0.04548516064515394, 0.09233709670264613, 0.04550472754194881, -0.06159519521999314, -0.283169941017122, 0.3168772314534043, 0.07927435845362418, 0.27063221118949127, 0.12123532623941587, 0.08469150139188225, -0.02689419977479812, -0.034842865485133545, -0.044009979122854544, -0.07350040386033167, 0.18182054458355362, 0.26949101268793596, 0.24048331520999922, 0.31565765178564825, -0.3504457321356643, -0.18155144004038337, 0.023110819924058335, 0.06720602798811866, 0.11786058266774159, -0.02186986039195097, -0.3368172858361945, 0.06569653099656782, -0.18185474983218944, -0.14917976840991864, -0.08081997456875714, 0.04677846051301017, -0.028801765575101883, -0.1569621873398622, 0.00889348036920031, 0.10830940469873673, 0.057136105825052116, -0.025931072160319396, -0.10254384549052427, 0.04524318840016018, 0.16176454303786159, 0.12165443181540027, 0.05281112869058482, 0.10927127286170919, -0.13996509995283277, -0.06812996560157361, 0.4427532682364637, 0.057518374287720886, -0.18263621916147796, 0.25013117971971177, -0.1049238604521661, -0.1356672248803079, 0.09381394907056044, 0.10622162298496926, 0.04698912937645659, -0.1588489056183872, 0.03822365549752827, -0.07111955106709943, 0.1483402562355905, 0.019568500278348274, 0.10236559736288407, 0.23196929930285973, 0.16538584740324455, 0.047087774188681084, 0.09942517694876049, -0.037357896397059616, -0.12458772086679484, -0.33265893979731836, -0.20730323875040718, -0.15110331615715317, 0.02690397322206109, -0.04047346387409506, -0.20672044530510902, 0.45902164842030313, 0.2982737950303338, 0.18250379770655523, 0.03531490345344399, 0.283864081809015, 0.05320358397015794, 0.10179868411046988, -0.020525687515284077, 0.2964100979945876, 0.09381329680256771, 0.19775060225616803, -0.14095051789825613, 0.0865892110477117, 0.009726916743216641]
709.2778
A search for Very High Energy gamma-ray emission from Passive Super-massive Black Holes
Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are established emitters of very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-rays. VHE radiation is also expected to be emitted from the vicinity of super-massive black holes (SMBH), irrespective of their activity state. Accreting SMBH rotate and generate a dipolar magnetic field. In the magnetosphere of the spinning black hole, acceleration of particles can take place in the field gaps. VHE emission from these particles is feasible via leptonic or hadronic processes. Therefore quiescent systems, where the lack of a strong photon field allows the VHE emission to escape, are candidates for emission. The H.E.S.S. experiment has observed the passive SMBH in the nearby galaxy NGC 1399. No VHE gamma-ray signal is observed from the galactic nucleus. Constraints set by the NGC 1399 observations are discussed in the context of different mechanisms for the production of VHE gamma-ray emission.
astro-ph
jets of active galactic nuclei agn are established emitters of very high energy vhe 100 gev gammarays vhe radiation is also expected to be emitted from the vicinity of supermassive black holes smbh irrespective of their activity state accreting smbh rotate and generate a dipolar magnetic field in the magnetosphere of the spinning black hole acceleration of particles can take place in the field gaps vhe emission from these particles is feasible via leptonic or hadronic processes therefore quiescent systems where the lack of a strong photon field allows the vhe emission to escape are candidates for emission the hess experiment has observed the passive smbh in the nearby galaxy ngc 1399 no vhe gammaray signal is observed from the galactic nucleus constraints set by the ngc 1399 observations are discussed in the context of different mechanisms for the production of vhe gammaray emission
[['jets', 'of', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'are', 'established', 'emitters', 'of', 'very', 'high', 'energy', 'vhe', '100', 'gev', 'gammarays', 'vhe', 'radiation', 'is', 'also', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'emitted', 'from', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'supermassive', 'black', 'holes', 'smbh', 'irrespective', 'of', 'their', 'activity', 'state', 'accreting', 'smbh', 'rotate', 'and', 'generate', 'a', 'dipolar', 'magnetic', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'magnetosphere', 'of', 'the', 'spinning', 'black', 'hole', 'acceleration', 'of', 'particles', 'can', 'take', 'place', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'gaps', 'vhe', 'emission', 'from', 'these', 'particles', 'is', 'feasible', 'via', 'leptonic', 'or', 'hadronic', 'processes', 'therefore', 'quiescent', 'systems', 'where', 'the', 'lack', 'of', 'a', 'strong', 'photon', 'field', 'allows', 'the', 'vhe', 'emission', 'to', 'escape', 'are', 'candidates', 'for', 'emission', 'the', 'hess', 'experiment', 'has', 'observed', 'the', 'passive', 'smbh', 'in', 'the', 'nearby', 'galaxy', 'ngc', '1399', 'no', 'vhe', 'gammaray', 'signal', 'is', 'observed', 'from', 'the', 'galactic', 'nucleus', 'constraints', 'set', 'by', 'the', 'ngc', '1399', 'observations', 'are', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'different', 'mechanisms', 'for', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'vhe', 'gammaray', 'emission']]
[-0.0666891349359907, 0.18741638039419842, -0.02943775651834181, 0.20811547639843614, -0.14270725258716588, -0.0947883683968232, -0.0012181737757701841, 0.446455553950121, -0.139741269328321, -0.36374046006757355, -0.06431624850180621, -0.3244047692861487, 0.0855883480382747, 0.23333143106073193, 0.031068125938974036, -0.044569721057390176, 0.07059975650756517, -0.0894875362508982, 0.05790864128114966, -0.19265198437723383, 0.26819149318422814, 0.1655113107068852, 0.1460229368919196, 0.012281552915182046, 0.08437873269172592, -0.09672205275758945, 0.02543149792351566, -0.10157348845516229, -0.07480209738746958, 0.03502554291238388, 0.2736145957864614, 0.1252008726280312, 0.16674398674220153, -0.3725147393092306, -0.23440611588335336, 0.1318815205207405, 0.21102336657349952, 0.020954811509000137, -0.12602438057203674, -0.34245393360551035, 0.025506456207949668, -0.2174259711561414, -0.16433557497253382, 0.12293573551061046, 0.045315294079450216, 0.0509910066187634, -0.18539672794415513, 0.12349523958477625, 0.01297386159260188, 0.0019198870367189455, -0.17248371903689177, -0.02088494250913047, -0.04660180304361145, 0.045411591371197976, 0.14600015195012223, 0.0880158105703433, 0.2912350055994466, -0.14440494073844296, -0.14223747015583083, 0.41177015975376385, 0.0205360007999439, 0.027667860862695508, 0.23246949120463492, -0.30223474129646394, -0.20667897330390084, 0.24183341599483457, 0.1970153541963858, 0.11627032830276424, -0.17805104803442695, 0.06640590210534153, -0.0026376539737814004, 0.18795261123159435, 0.017613096979200944, 0.09628345940948041, 0.40837803497561254, 0.12390707788452143, 0.007605620288005512, 0.1347680810649763, -0.27508130903071204, -0.015272030682859218, -0.25148025391131845, -0.06305017112754285, -0.17575706901132232, 0.1626100001222868, -0.12790832698606713, -0.08094263940195863, 0.34984977231619674, 0.04123122914299731, 0.19466835832119816, -0.02927953697669889, 0.3012921816307678, 0.06769184391719642, 0.021589695619897813, 0.17280246014060038, 0.4940807628154289, 0.17483203741883496, 0.10312991370220617, -0.2275592829537345, 0.056003312522079796, -0.022592150323261093]
709.2779
Full counting statistics of spin transfer through ultrasmall quantum dots
We analyze the spin-resolved full counting statistics of electron transfer through an ultrasmall quantum dot coupled to metallic electrodes. Modelling the setup by the Anderson Hamiltonian, we explicitly take into account the onsite Coulomb repulsion $U$. We calculate the cumulant generating function for the probability to transfer a certain number of electrons with a preselected spin orientation during a fixed time interval. With the cumulant generating function at hand we are then able to calculate the spin current correlations which are of outmost importance in the emerging field of spintronics. We confirm the existing results for the charge statistics and report the discovery of the new type of correlation between the spin-up and -down polarized electrons flows, which has a potential to become a powerful new instrument for the investigation of the Kondo effect in nanostructures.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el
we analyze the spinresolved full counting statistics of electron transfer through an ultrasmall quantum dot coupled to metallic electrodes modelling the setup by the anderson hamiltonian we explicitly take into account the onsite coulomb repulsion u we calculate the cumulant generating function for the probability to transfer a certain number of electrons with a preselected spin orientation during a fixed time interval with the cumulant generating function at hand we are then able to calculate the spin current correlations which are of outmost importance in the emerging field of spintronics we confirm the existing results for the charge statistics and report the discovery of the new type of correlation between the spinup and down polarized electrons flows which has a potential to become a powerful new instrument for the investigation of the kondo effect in nanostructures
[['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'spinresolved', 'full', 'counting', 'statistics', 'of', 'electron', 'transfer', 'through', 'an', 'ultrasmall', 'quantum', 'dot', 'coupled', 'to', 'metallic', 'electrodes', 'modelling', 'the', 'setup', 'by', 'the', 'anderson', 'hamiltonian', 'we', 'explicitly', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'onsite', 'coulomb', 'repulsion', 'u', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'cumulant', 'generating', 'function', 'for', 'the', 'probability', 'to', 'transfer', 'a', 'certain', 'number', 'of', 'electrons', 'with', 'a', 'preselected', 'spin', 'orientation', 'during', 'a', 'fixed', 'time', 'interval', 'with', 'the', 'cumulant', 'generating', 'function', 'at', 'hand', 'we', 'are', 'then', 'able', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'spin', 'current', 'correlations', 'which', 'are', 'of', 'outmost', 'importance', 'in', 'the', 'emerging', 'field', 'of', 'spintronics', 'we', 'confirm', 'the', 'existing', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'charge', 'statistics', 'and', 'report', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'type', 'of', 'correlation', 'between', 'the', 'spinup', 'and', 'down', 'polarized', 'electrons', 'flows', 'which', 'has', 'a', 'potential', 'to', 'become', 'a', 'powerful', 'new', 'instrument', 'for', 'the', 'investigation', 'of', 'the', 'kondo', 'effect', 'in', 'nanostructures']]
[-0.13478234295582617, 0.15870795767809528, -0.06789369285380577, 0.0883865154139451, -0.019250270277124774, -0.13042280452517682, 0.05456678566406481, 0.36126473616048527, -0.253189277547576, -0.291339498698054, 0.0014355134660624625, -0.3097326548355768, -0.08785974965704714, 0.19285449258955745, 0.05771095504956868, 0.024714542242798093, 0.017358374316245317, -0.02093260911950732, -0.10288587372120031, -0.1932101268595194, 0.30142660467775867, 0.02975051359680947, 0.28366268078303514, 0.1145221709876376, 0.09539623276042916, 0.08429993428580929, 0.028232616673716727, 0.0029994128408896573, -0.13034891708572532, 0.0991833943005665, 0.20878270367050872, -0.014330796935075127, 0.25697032797410535, -0.46130810382173343, -0.18100019152659705, 0.0732176274074899, 0.12313118057928103, 0.15162428960662938, -0.07647960775648244, -0.28153667644844116, 0.038712507897905785, -0.19316842727472677, -0.12368759453324053, -0.08328072783906999, 0.026418577882235266, 0.05192482575555058, -0.2790821240838234, 0.054923591892207586, 0.04488346846996779, 0.02251534417326398, -0.0342503138098811, -0.08164774791186895, -0.028861802191172233, 0.1434631221174427, 0.030445972629155115, 0.03070707691093797, 0.13520082592217744, -0.14469094365588664, -0.10530792159432381, 0.32817303124294783, -0.047986911511329444, -0.15899700946037604, 0.14463736320099355, -0.20807058327516323, -0.0968373693039586, 0.12922631623030825, 0.1582910121514407, 0.09737190773696913, -0.16577132679658996, 0.06498926249247126, 0.009962968042065553, 0.13388099500512265, 0.00363024854382007, 0.05853614513591096, 0.2827101292513201, 0.15922891777967485, 0.05648560180869775, 0.16302325413733557, -0.1724073142703513, -0.09005266732043203, -0.26264075232286227, -0.18605830788146704, -0.23805969305891161, 0.07849716378019794, -0.046825478329136624, -0.1780826988945003, 0.4662649981527305, 0.18961227205855882, 0.1775626357223647, 0.006283022952950834, 0.279293989214827, 0.16941687848542214, 0.06136605672209578, 0.009067484174225041, 0.20691963390580734, 0.15792677712263814, 0.08194396306199077, -0.2911143153358032, 0.025894995458656922, 0.05346026058096493]
709.278
The stellar content of low redshift BL Lac host galaxies from multicolour imaging
We present B-band imaging of 18 low redshift (z<0.3) BL Lac objects for which their host galaxies were previously resolved in the R-band and the near-infrared H-band. For a subset of the objects, also U- and V-band imaging is presented. These data are used to investigate the blue-red-near-infrared colours and the colour gradients of the host galaxies of BL Lacs in comparison with other elliptical galaxies with and without nuclear activity. In all cases galaxies are well represented by an elliptical model, with average absolute magnitude M_B=-21.6+-0.7 and average scale length R_e=7.6+-3.2 kpc. The best-fit B-band Kormendy relation is in reasonable agreement with that obtained for normal ellipticals and radio galaxies. This structural and dynamical similarity indicates that all massive elliptical galaxies can experience nuclear activity without significant perturbation of their global structure. The distributions of the integrated blue/near-infrared colour (with average B-H=3.5+-0.5) and colour gradient (with average Delta(B-R)/Delta(log r)=-0.14+-0.75) of the BL Lac hosts are much wider than those for normal ellipticals, and most BL Lac objects have bluer hosts and/or steeper colour gradients than those in normal ellipticals. The blue colours are likely caused by a young stellar population component, and indicates a link between star formation caused by an interaction/merging event and the onset of the nuclear activity. This result is corroborated by stellar population modelling, indicating a presence of young/intermediate age populations in the majority of the sample, in agreement with low redshift quasar hosts. The lack of strong signs of interaction may require a significant time delay between the event with associated star formation episodes and the start of the nuclear activity.
astro-ph
we present bband imaging of 18 low redshift z03 bl lac objects for which their host galaxies were previously resolved in the rband and the nearinfrared hband for a subset of the objects also u and vband imaging is presented these data are used to investigate the bluerednearinfrared colours and the colour gradients of the host galaxies of bl lacs in comparison with other elliptical galaxies with and without nuclear activity in all cases galaxies are well represented by an elliptical model with average absolute magnitude m_b21607 and average scale length r_e7632 kpc the bestfit bband kormendy relation is in reasonable agreement with that obtained for normal ellipticals and radio galaxies this structural and dynamical similarity indicates that all massive elliptical galaxies can experience nuclear activity without significant perturbation of their global structure the distributions of the integrated bluenearinfrared colour with average bh3505 and colour gradient with average deltabrdeltalog r014075 of the bl lac hosts are much wider than those for normal ellipticals and most bl lac objects have bluer hosts andor steeper colour gradients than those in normal ellipticals the blue colours are likely caused by a young stellar population component and indicates a link between star formation caused by an interactionmerging event and the onset of the nuclear activity this result is corroborated by stellar population modelling indicating a presence of youngintermediate age populations in the majority of the sample in agreement with low redshift quasar hosts the lack of strong signs of interaction may require a significant time delay between the event with associated star formation episodes and the start of the nuclear activity
[['we', 'present', 'bband', 'imaging', 'of', '18', 'low', 'redshift', 'z03', 'bl', 'lac', 'objects', 'for', 'which', 'their', 'host', 'galaxies', 'were', 'previously', 'resolved', 'in', 'the', 'rband', 'and', 'the', 'nearinfrared', 'hband', 'for', 'a', 'subset', 'of', 'the', 'objects', 'also', 'u', 'and', 'vband', 'imaging', 'is', 'presented', 'these', 'data', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'bluerednearinfrared', 'colours', 'and', 'the', 'colour', 'gradients', 'of', 'the', 'host', 'galaxies', 'of', 'bl', 'lacs', 'in', 'comparison', 'with', 'other', 'elliptical', 'galaxies', 'with', 'and', 'without', 'nuclear', 'activity', 'in', 'all', 'cases', 'galaxies', 'are', 'well', 'represented', 'by', 'an', 'elliptical', 'model', 'with', 'average', 'absolute', 'magnitude', 'm_b21607', 'and', 'average', 'scale', 'length', 'r_e7632', 'kpc', 'the', 'bestfit', 'bband', 'kormendy', 'relation', 'is', 'in', 'reasonable', 'agreement', 'with', 'that', 'obtained', 'for', 'normal', 'ellipticals', 'and', 'radio', 'galaxies', 'this', 'structural', 'and', 'dynamical', 'similarity', 'indicates', 'that', 'all', 'massive', 'elliptical', 'galaxies', 'can', 'experience', 'nuclear', 'activity', 'without', 'significant', 'perturbation', 'of', 'their', 'global', 'structure', 'the', 'distributions', 'of', 'the', 'integrated', 'bluenearinfrared', 'colour', 'with', 'average', 'bh3505', 'and', 'colour', 'gradient', 'with', 'average', 'deltabrdeltalog', 'r014075', 'of', 'the', 'bl', 'lac', 'hosts', 'are', 'much', 'wider', 'than', 'those', 'for', 'normal', 'ellipticals', 'and', 'most', 'bl', 'lac', 'objects', 'have', 'bluer', 'hosts', 'andor', 'steeper', 'colour', 'gradients', 'than', 'those', 'in', 'normal', 'ellipticals', 'the', 'blue', 'colours', 'are', 'likely', 'caused', 'by', 'a', 'young', 'stellar', 'population', 'component', 'and', 'indicates', 'a', 'link', 'between', 'star', 'formation', 'caused', 'by', 'an', 'interactionmerging', 'event', 'and', 'the', 'onset', 'of', 'the', 'nuclear', 'activity', 'this', 'result', 'is', 'corroborated', 'by', 'stellar', 'population', 'modelling', 'indicating', 'a', 'presence', 'of', 'youngintermediate', 'age', 'populations', 'in', 'the', 'majority', 'of', 'the', 'sample', 'in', 'agreement', 'with', 'low', 'redshift', 'quasar', 'hosts', 'the', 'lack', 'of', 'strong', 'signs', 'of', 'interaction', 'may', 'require', 'a', 'significant', 'time', 'delay', 'between', 'the', 'event', 'with', 'associated', 'star', 'formation', 'episodes', 'and', 'the', 'start', 'of', 'the', 'nuclear', 'activity']]
[-0.0416463472486402, 0.1074503823417427, -0.06864691910584672, 0.12700592013514744, -0.09436898797866888, -0.06846566096154184, 0.03357665904063301, 0.4984409052090576, -0.09624602265270929, -0.39500894177382667, 0.032733535853017554, -0.30083200993876047, -0.041405313345491704, 0.17750171702019332, -0.08239530116283836, -0.05178152056401954, 0.04579879081933401, -0.06780962220464762, -0.03693894249680363, -0.2647576504225771, 0.2900725697167218, 0.02643364228379841, 0.20128883436823694, -0.099380155484407, 0.046266241921917896, -0.04807317869160145, -0.11322540286614989, 0.01499040916683393, -0.0873498391591196, 0.04456462700707981, 0.22987792542441568, 0.08540010483254894, 0.22886689275485247, -0.34431588624303494, -0.18427329243590626, 0.11681110752531543, 0.18871520911701598, 0.02731112265766849, -0.1163941064550622, -0.26730252428231044, 0.08298599888400461, -0.17557439920671572, -0.15988753861926783, 0.0984381464800278, 0.0835557366327311, 0.04877964730795401, -0.2049608921768735, 0.22915117979025057, 0.016826891209907793, 0.14922590087203738, -0.1432881049462594, -0.1051119824190839, -0.12930203662880768, 0.09327010498023951, 0.03861147697629908, 0.0860154484161355, 0.17047171334908434, -0.19400794530430665, -0.05286887971720157, 0.4018299137098858, -0.03122201788680216, 0.012178838661370369, 0.2487756165353438, -0.2207418266361436, -0.14157301778636444, 0.0888870464073709, 0.1365829013270111, 0.11473969502661091, -0.149430066324063, -0.0328631373952913, -0.006335116654204635, 0.20946172692884618, -0.002606393549313697, 0.0985726481495546, 0.299804548960394, 0.10662376073529371, 0.03348095892221094, 0.07197325074924335, -0.20475587435827877, -0.011001176651244839, -0.2250827261676582, -0.06181980737287981, -0.11368951413852091, 0.07487938745448795, -0.19231916265674115, -0.09531897920712185, 0.3874123899337764, 0.05583785357302986, 0.2449342037551105, 0.11283186505539701, 0.27021792919258586, 0.10052324073084702, 0.16889140812071182, 0.11579686009611648, 0.3203091960722724, 0.1518012685481853, 0.05135591452977119, -0.263309658306221, 0.11506072087571598, -0.007939074976513019]
709.2781
Volume-energy correlations in the slow degrees of freedom of computer-simulated phospholipid membranes
Constant-pressure molecular-dynamics simulations of phospholipid membranes in the fluid phase reveal strong correlations between equilibrium fluctuations of volume and energy on the nanosecond time-scale. The existence of strong volume-energy correlations was previously deduced indirectly by Heimburg from experiments focusing on the phase transition between the fluid and the ordered gel phases. The correlations, which are reported here for three different membranes (DMPC, DMPS-Na, and DMPSH), have volume-energy correlation coefficients ranging from 0.81 to 0.89. The DMPC membrane was studied at two temperatures showing that the correlation coefficient increases as the phase transition is approached.
physics.bio-ph
constantpressure moleculardynamics simulations of phospholipid membranes in the fluid phase reveal strong correlations between equilibrium fluctuations of volume and energy on the nanosecond timescale the existence of strong volumeenergy correlations was previously deduced indirectly by heimburg from experiments focusing on the phase transition between the fluid and the ordered gel phases the correlations which are reported here for three different membranes dmpc dmpsna and dmpsh have volumeenergy correlation coefficients ranging from 081 to 089 the dmpc membrane was studied at two temperatures showing that the correlation coefficient increases as the phase transition is approached
[['constantpressure', 'moleculardynamics', 'simulations', 'of', 'phospholipid', 'membranes', 'in', 'the', 'fluid', 'phase', 'reveal', 'strong', 'correlations', 'between', 'equilibrium', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'volume', 'and', 'energy', 'on', 'the', 'nanosecond', 'timescale', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'strong', 'volumeenergy', 'correlations', 'was', 'previously', 'deduced', 'indirectly', 'by', 'heimburg', 'from', 'experiments', 'focusing', 'on', 'the', 'phase', 'transition', 'between', 'the', 'fluid', 'and', 'the', 'ordered', 'gel', 'phases', 'the', 'correlations', 'which', 'are', 'reported', 'here', 'for', 'three', 'different', 'membranes', 'dmpc', 'dmpsna', 'and', 'dmpsh', 'have', 'volumeenergy', 'correlation', 'coefficients', 'ranging', 'from', '081', 'to', '089', 'the', 'dmpc', 'membrane', 'was', 'studied', 'at', 'two', 'temperatures', 'showing', 'that', 'the', 'correlation', 'coefficient', 'increases', 'as', 'the', 'phase', 'transition', 'is', 'approached']]
[-0.1438958631339989, 0.22547935695468407, -0.1062818629535563, 0.02134650377126451, 0.07994017104172836, -0.13443966801075832, 0.0293441251244234, 0.38025603142222797, -0.24200135860187205, -0.30941131763646135, 0.06094704738833294, -0.33840204095063003, -0.12846933654509485, 0.13218564315415596, 0.09418182765923279, 0.04518035373589753, -0.024331612854122952, -0.05724708087117229, -0.08071840710497623, -0.14645996276925397, 0.25904163461097557, 0.053473334577258516, 0.33493734883529175, 0.1099877906659537, 0.10378209872515468, -0.06733642814367119, 0.036597358285570925, 0.07123720619584555, -0.2072449577596632, -0.004497621365336944, 0.2000620951977275, -0.04422315266287035, 0.1791757010328381, -0.43610145129344385, -0.25410834672536864, 0.04076755649673388, 0.1098195117969147, 0.08941268436382929, -0.03950944761796247, -0.2842759340191665, 0.025477498293975772, -0.11436942023599682, -0.03883271348035044, -0.06097154352692482, 0.03292903432663044, 0.06073296904746119, -0.2419963148827462, 0.20599255494206495, 0.009837086854057143, 0.10617510905823387, -0.09564583250523909, -0.1320647752398382, -0.06224609610280427, 0.13157566049283007, 0.04895232138780715, 0.018343443764657106, 0.1847247578881924, -0.09342740166871606, -0.066645054276982, 0.33602104309703346, -0.06227181204999595, -0.10203423095979657, 0.24044082456511323, -0.17533234016145402, -0.0763606553781479, 0.2034552494853573, 0.11903660883114714, 0.08188794614018305, -0.14348251112412824, -0.0036341538266835573, 0.0026935141270413346, 0.24443893077904763, 0.10706713567165223, -0.009770621398828276, 0.2115664729347412, 0.1644622833751466, -0.03750618862787909, 0.16450416183278835, -0.11418747930008027, -0.1631866077001652, -0.20139045324986396, -0.12463131526221885, -0.20150346884949374, 0.01099822246570788, -0.11743104455783158, -0.12891133007993313, 0.34226641643023037, 0.09322145169616029, 0.1649115730441459, 0.03152053339695356, 0.21559979937687193, 0.04480537289181603, 0.004928491812239847, -0.015364983944100854, 0.3429371118950455, 0.1638914513750933, 0.12949514279708915, -0.2842382902239004, 0.09877849362648862, 0.03909737752426578]
709.2782
Ab initio and Molecular Dynamics Study of the Nanomechanical Properties of DNA Oligomers
Although a vast amount of experimental information is available on the elongation, compression, and folding of proteins in biochemical processes, very little is known about the real structure and molecular dynamics of DNA at an atomic level. Since this area of work is relatively new, this paper reports the results of computer simulation of elongation and compression of B-DNA structures providing new insights into high- energy forms of DNA implicated in these processes.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
although a vast amount of experimental information is available on the elongation compression and folding of proteins in biochemical processes very little is known about the real structure and molecular dynamics of dna at an atomic level since this area of work is relatively new this paper reports the results of computer simulation of elongation and compression of bdna structures providing new insights into high energy forms of dna implicated in these processes
[['although', 'a', 'vast', 'amount', 'of', 'experimental', 'information', 'is', 'available', 'on', 'the', 'elongation', 'compression', 'and', 'folding', 'of', 'proteins', 'in', 'biochemical', 'processes', 'very', 'little', 'is', 'known', 'about', 'the', 'real', 'structure', 'and', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'of', 'dna', 'at', 'an', 'atomic', 'level', 'since', 'this', 'area', 'of', 'work', 'is', 'relatively', 'new', 'this', 'paper', 'reports', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'computer', 'simulation', 'of', 'elongation', 'and', 'compression', 'of', 'bdna', 'structures', 'providing', 'new', 'insights', 'into', 'high', 'energy', 'forms', 'of', 'dna', 'implicated', 'in', 'these', 'processes']]
[-0.13945505397764277, 0.12199983400893111, -0.05550417474994104, 0.03847256588130832, -0.04037008937193106, -0.06893445518862916, 0.07386164262744101, 0.37492192056259677, -0.3024350973292675, -0.30196333651060925, 0.06650261083069219, -0.23382310616968788, -0.19742639551628127, 0.23473485472471747, -0.030769531742656883, 0.03049232051644015, 0.115950707422748, 0.010149749372256538, 0.012374880781065519, -0.20959948920899976, 0.23639154365949638, 0.1650491973308668, 0.2890419962828698, 0.12024582389180791, 0.10633420611234153, -0.056904823854182884, -0.03633327553469739, -0.03697560940652269, -0.1745699110683309, 0.22993756694183365, 0.26389204195305094, 0.14176418144919284, 0.24771234859100044, -0.47780939515629045, -0.24643894071588676, 0.02500057697761804, 0.16805786653485608, 0.16054096086945843, -0.1035414380164919, -0.21508094781933174, 0.07934076634988393, -0.10875096811262304, -0.05016136374834874, -0.05804049487429837, 0.04536928195021536, 0.054638901763684945, -0.1834035893521042, 0.10628544858159268, 0.056159323183436916, 0.1572424993684439, -0.07238728408893086, -0.1323923619770228, -0.008270210969223552, 0.167658362901221, 0.06518061105991164, 0.02878042803606822, 0.20576833226807315, -0.17286418028150316, -0.08726062066853046, 0.3921677948881502, 0.05115312312997571, -0.15436730314403363, 0.2397413254166915, -0.14034305940292877, -0.2079205575705289, 0.19409722638354726, 0.1686540577075865, 0.05745471651627593, -0.17652580015798267, 0.05738207398457708, -0.008000811455095161, 0.22103637245751612, 0.09189825719350005, 0.028937210973148067, 0.19533314888863124, 0.24564741397825107, -0.008427171425715294, 0.15998592286064506, -0.08162090085982664, -0.15056210877501394, -0.23120615312395848, -0.1812715065754848, -0.16652437080055066, 0.07066191311874619, -0.05118898976508891, -0.17191506485926777, 0.3737398322467526, 0.06542003393007366, 0.21436428625872384, 0.005709304576356934, 0.29409329441363274, -0.012742262346389359, 0.09073155662300039, -0.016424930329141142, 0.16787895534111008, 0.11101058693219946, 0.09765072501175208, -0.18691200076535422, 0.13048732133856528, -0.05236185738204481]
709.2783
Three-dimensional aspects of fluid flows in channels. I. Meniscus and Thin Film regimes
We study the forced displacement of a fluid-fluid interface in a three-dimensional channel formed by two parallel solid plates. Using a Lattice-Boltzmann method, we study situations in which a slip velocity arises from diffusion effects near the contact line. The difference between the slip and channel velocities determines whether the interface advances as a meniscus or a thin film of fluid is left adhered to the plates. We find that this effect is controlled by the capillary and Peclet numbers. We estimate the crossover from a meniscus to a thin film and find good agreement with numerical results. The penetration regime is examined in the steady state. We find that the occupation fraction of the advancing finger relative to the channel thickness is controlled by the capillary number and the viscosity contrast between the fluids. For high viscosity contrast, Lattice-Boltzmann results agree with previous results. For zero viscosity contrast, we observe remarkably narrow fingers. The shape of the finger is found to be universal.
physics.flu-dyn
we study the forced displacement of a fluidfluid interface in a threedimensional channel formed by two parallel solid plates using a latticeboltzmann method we study situations in which a slip velocity arises from diffusion effects near the contact line the difference between the slip and channel velocities determines whether the interface advances as a meniscus or a thin film of fluid is left adhered to the plates we find that this effect is controlled by the capillary and peclet numbers we estimate the crossover from a meniscus to a thin film and find good agreement with numerical results the penetration regime is examined in the steady state we find that the occupation fraction of the advancing finger relative to the channel thickness is controlled by the capillary number and the viscosity contrast between the fluids for high viscosity contrast latticeboltzmann results agree with previous results for zero viscosity contrast we observe remarkably narrow fingers the shape of the finger is found to be universal
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'forced', 'displacement', 'of', 'a', 'fluidfluid', 'interface', 'in', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'channel', 'formed', 'by', 'two', 'parallel', 'solid', 'plates', 'using', 'a', 'latticeboltzmann', 'method', 'we', 'study', 'situations', 'in', 'which', 'a', 'slip', 'velocity', 'arises', 'from', 'diffusion', 'effects', 'near', 'the', 'contact', 'line', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'slip', 'and', 'channel', 'velocities', 'determines', 'whether', 'the', 'interface', 'advances', 'as', 'a', 'meniscus', 'or', 'a', 'thin', 'film', 'of', 'fluid', 'is', 'left', 'adhered', 'to', 'the', 'plates', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'this', 'effect', 'is', 'controlled', 'by', 'the', 'capillary', 'and', 'peclet', 'numbers', 'we', 'estimate', 'the', 'crossover', 'from', 'a', 'meniscus', 'to', 'a', 'thin', 'film', 'and', 'find', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'numerical', 'results', 'the', 'penetration', 'regime', 'is', 'examined', 'in', 'the', 'steady', 'state', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'occupation', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'advancing', 'finger', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'channel', 'thickness', 'is', 'controlled', 'by', 'the', 'capillary', 'number', 'and', 'the', 'viscosity', 'contrast', 'between', 'the', 'fluids', 'for', 'high', 'viscosity', 'contrast', 'latticeboltzmann', 'results', 'agree', 'with', 'previous', 'results', 'for', 'zero', 'viscosity', 'contrast', 'we', 'observe', 'remarkably', 'narrow', 'fingers', 'the', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'finger', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'universal']]
[-0.15328175730672494, 0.16851959796054516, -0.10352116030436463, -0.0285836563618831, -0.03634591375352678, -0.14146324227813903, 0.027759237971622497, 0.3556964291804811, -0.277382879892773, -0.2803128960587811, 0.055062507072651035, -0.267975072055578, -0.11944731194334297, 0.18638616739403138, -0.02396027405360123, 0.04662511783947305, 0.042507799265610914, -0.04177508868913098, -0.04808052212160319, -0.1380563962781552, 0.30465343162962577, -0.003451002548766754, 0.31938946467154183, 0.090584199074528, 0.07663639367944221, -0.05947755423385832, 0.029211910566451345, 0.11532625118724821, -0.262097038141691, 0.028411517941915407, 0.21349655969704434, -0.07825741112209493, 0.22692306297717663, -0.4473240369158547, -0.2094215317231762, 0.016137908011243294, 0.13420635487361834, 0.14515890351641447, -0.04319188386065567, -0.24901215198290785, 0.05187006091426422, -0.1299980114875702, -0.12968680785298803, 0.017044889919527965, 0.026024728803327533, 0.04372115882692813, -0.24762512532505776, 0.13043379953426376, 0.026091940840360178, 0.062185801190846574, -0.0632360870978318, -0.06807859830853598, -0.050160713357532895, 0.1228842480979837, 0.0801549206442404, 0.03180556436830268, 0.1927846769842024, -0.18522563072100662, -0.012710654395405294, 0.38070551925565954, -0.09064714841135754, -0.20558099503197322, 0.23188835662248738, -0.17395173878232925, 0.025437195069815326, 0.17507936358565418, 0.1566534400562665, 0.10010463513274927, -0.0845287410036956, 0.004003254594508468, -0.06916762649922109, 0.21108459805780114, 0.1102264814601257, -0.10006802363599623, 0.20457982720534612, 0.19987550138200566, 0.0341173114663944, 0.16863050386763928, -0.16071139793649952, -0.096807086170174, -0.2872839673399562, -0.20216532612628327, -0.18850793437350813, -0.016562580423452322, -0.0843686787748749, -0.19717488036116176, 0.30319871340605725, 0.12189119799834926, 0.2092263072888117, 0.0606496346349226, 0.2793052232385579, 0.07773181087715074, 0.019993211897998686, 0.0719259627725611, 0.29413073070392737, 0.16267948415238273, 0.1539300134451279, -0.282171099946448, 0.09388690196948762, 0.043858714606158616]
709.2784
Putting a cap on causality violations in CDT
The formalism of causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) provides us with a non-perturbatively defined model of quantum gravity, where the sum over histories includes only causal space-time histories. Path integrals of CDT and their continuum limits have been studied in two, three and four dimensions. Here we investigate a generalization of the two-dimensional CDT model, where the causality constraint is partially lifted by introducing weighted branching points, and demonstrate that the system can be solved analytically in the genus-zero sector.
gr-qc hep-th
the formalism of causal dynamical triangulations cdt provides us with a nonperturbatively defined model of quantum gravity where the sum over histories includes only causal spacetime histories path integrals of cdt and their continuum limits have been studied in two three and four dimensions here we investigate a generalization of the twodimensional cdt model where the causality constraint is partially lifted by introducing weighted branching points and demonstrate that the system can be solved analytically in the genuszero sector
[['the', 'formalism', 'of', 'causal', 'dynamical', 'triangulations', 'cdt', 'provides', 'us', 'with', 'a', 'nonperturbatively', 'defined', 'model', 'of', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'where', 'the', 'sum', 'over', 'histories', 'includes', 'only', 'causal', 'spacetime', 'histories', 'path', 'integrals', 'of', 'cdt', 'and', 'their', 'continuum', 'limits', 'have', 'been', 'studied', 'in', 'two', 'three', 'and', 'four', 'dimensions', 'here', 'we', 'investigate', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'cdt', 'model', 'where', 'the', 'causality', 'constraint', 'is', 'partially', 'lifted', 'by', 'introducing', 'weighted', 'branching', 'points', 'and', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'the', 'system', 'can', 'be', 'solved', 'analytically', 'in', 'the', 'genuszero', 'sector']]
[-0.15343423937285272, 0.1413728005217412, -0.14394998946521856, 0.09958000210720952, -0.050091293581490275, -0.13564873278830672, 0.055253605414299835, 0.31896553925368226, -0.24181001628690127, -0.2683453274525325, 0.06458370744462914, -0.22995020779692626, -0.19084644612349286, 0.12547021150541834, -0.03633606290633354, 0.05713271698325024, 0.024863817670111414, 0.005735833165412651, -0.058939505341946134, -0.2979709149420827, 0.33792635427104145, -0.010892022072479034, 0.20234405203969985, 0.03724234797579201, 0.15507882175660587, 0.03562928480685606, -0.05673441212753989, 0.12283008148351425, -0.15641882051641925, 0.05840159385300041, 0.19620717899826698, 0.12652373227550165, 0.17771660906698886, -0.42118651770008136, -0.2938956536729879, 0.09405517890530674, 0.1550793548857298, 0.11997658331418716, 0.0725200032296626, -0.2985740264854099, 0.027319290704695107, -0.17586055575999654, -0.11321697224379529, -0.06738524917289143, -0.030148535760567537, -0.09938438099667524, -0.22874804529585416, 0.07220468277559627, 0.012875872874511642, 0.034599733728468945, -0.034642077779067276, -0.04918545736088358, -0.049438426671903346, 0.09989357091297832, -0.010078675312417799, 0.01370145793108246, 0.0575176148581071, -0.09183660447833282, -0.2283188321132543, 0.4088433373577987, -0.04570343155307766, -0.275322819411566, 0.17101376469518187, -0.16570199299250035, -0.13737815908521792, 0.07719732163241133, 0.13473254066149268, 0.1578136670367816, -0.23462044997022877, 0.17561559369448643, -0.058153338288251734, 0.08734802258660711, 0.08859387660234035, 0.053149981972395996, 0.27033518573913584, 0.1390856161383511, 0.011802708013926315, 0.14930812831632084, -0.04710557420231119, -0.22914969321646833, -0.2923969345851035, -0.14543432857266728, -0.1443843061815066, 0.0815394735258497, -0.16029886259418127, -0.16077296154078427, 0.35920257098336195, 0.13658488265391958, 0.1886574327768876, 0.08190932851048964, 0.2364680549200577, 0.14866038609909105, 0.051584313249309795, 0.05590663517271228, 0.23333050795429963, 0.1848327696258556, 0.0032662764011846877, -0.2349991011624873, -0.005978492949205109, 0.14809125534529927]
709.2785
Three-dimensional aspects of fluid flows in channels. II. Effects of Meniscus and Thin Film regimes on Viscous Fingers
We perform a three-dimensional study of steady state viscous fingers that develop in linear channels. By means of a three-dimensional Lattice-Boltzmann scheme that mimics the full macroscopic equations of motion of the fluid momentum and order parameter, we study the effect of the thickness of the channel in two cases. First, for total displacement of the fluids in the channel thickness direction, we find that the steady state finger is effectively two-dimensional and that previous two-dimensional results can be recovered by taking into account the effect of a curved meniscus across the channel thickness as a contribution to surface stresses. Secondly, when a thin film develops in the channel thickness direction, the finger narrows with increasing channel aspect ratio in agreement with experimental results. The effect of the thin film renders the problem three-dimensional and results deviate from the two-dimensional prediction.
physics.flu-dyn
we perform a threedimensional study of steady state viscous fingers that develop in linear channels by means of a threedimensional latticeboltzmann scheme that mimics the full macroscopic equations of motion of the fluid momentum and order parameter we study the effect of the thickness of the channel in two cases first for total displacement of the fluids in the channel thickness direction we find that the steady state finger is effectively twodimensional and that previous twodimensional results can be recovered by taking into account the effect of a curved meniscus across the channel thickness as a contribution to surface stresses secondly when a thin film develops in the channel thickness direction the finger narrows with increasing channel aspect ratio in agreement with experimental results the effect of the thin film renders the problem threedimensional and results deviate from the twodimensional prediction
[['we', 'perform', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'study', 'of', 'steady', 'state', 'viscous', 'fingers', 'that', 'develop', 'in', 'linear', 'channels', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'latticeboltzmann', 'scheme', 'that', 'mimics', 'the', 'full', 'macroscopic', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'of', 'the', 'fluid', 'momentum', 'and', 'order', 'parameter', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'thickness', 'of', 'the', 'channel', 'in', 'two', 'cases', 'first', 'for', 'total', 'displacement', 'of', 'the', 'fluids', 'in', 'the', 'channel', 'thickness', 'direction', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'steady', 'state', 'finger', 'is', 'effectively', 'twodimensional', 'and', 'that', 'previous', 'twodimensional', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'recovered', 'by', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'a', 'curved', 'meniscus', 'across', 'the', 'channel', 'thickness', 'as', 'a', 'contribution', 'to', 'surface', 'stresses', 'secondly', 'when', 'a', 'thin', 'film', 'develops', 'in', 'the', 'channel', 'thickness', 'direction', 'the', 'finger', 'narrows', 'with', 'increasing', 'channel', 'aspect', 'ratio', 'in', 'agreement', 'with', 'experimental', 'results', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'thin', 'film', 'renders', 'the', 'problem', 'threedimensional', 'and', 'results', 'deviate', 'from', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'prediction']]
[-0.13905017359569463, 0.1388930332919596, -0.08267838903042284, -0.0490325636235363, -0.030076481735479114, -0.10761096481405569, 0.021850349335330175, 0.35749705063165926, -0.29066378511290286, -0.2851856637296947, 0.056791609713761466, -0.2497065694778101, -0.11822145301782598, 0.18101483583780573, -0.00973311723176892, 0.06609459741186377, 0.05050996124433974, -0.04439988455583229, -0.06854399976961262, -0.1551429749374007, 0.33287734031043154, 0.036346985945306345, 0.33741817234335003, 0.05145768696402616, 0.06933109936509149, 0.0058072733012497005, 0.018176175482201237, 0.10604076211082249, -0.20631527707433983, 0.0168655936627695, 0.1941980529635986, -0.05123401551130921, 0.22312046891302928, -0.4849035179784112, -0.25624694429166245, -0.009588314362319437, 0.14332009413352248, 0.16520334871697193, -0.03435020476038046, -0.2562549879497036, 0.06947975667814414, -0.15038090162408532, -0.13623975739807737, 0.009472957581070298, 0.006872823088700678, -0.013807996600562481, -0.25807833245952105, 0.14314322725453593, 0.08526891754966573, 0.017090826698228822, -0.1052216136141132, -0.10115073122916386, -0.06755329525851189, 0.14404977216647033, 0.09111947936322937, 0.021187058626839245, 0.1535934678704894, -0.19407881836981533, -0.05713286521144423, 0.36946559225123193, -0.08605734696727352, -0.23949667985769027, 0.1391484356928676, -0.17325134845186316, 0.014124676563730794, 0.17111565600684348, 0.20615134806973293, 0.1043412245757191, -0.09644388621031053, 0.04184637058745898, -0.07782439383387513, 0.20553071142986734, 0.03479314712371598, -0.030266614566882826, 0.1866312758693247, 0.22289932551397446, 0.025344487414232963, 0.19658478614271466, -0.16182576499704737, -0.11078450289812494, -0.27613084727620824, -0.21060930220212074, -0.1585902072033508, 0.014285212461935712, -0.09032384529992597, -0.15674467224310687, 0.38152961365156457, 0.13321239724491082, 0.20080848312309235, 0.035140829314172256, 0.31102345072736975, 0.07249180882952856, 0.030151158779304712, 0.06058760879706618, 0.2985727805644274, 0.1514457006549053, 0.11016637794628033, -0.25285799595434877, 0.06810680051922058, 0.04552830835467482]
709.2786
Existence of Unexcited and Excited Biexcitons in Molecular Crystals
The theory of four-body systems is revisited. It is illustrated that the theory provides a rigorous proof for the formation of ground state (unexcited) biexcitons in molecular crystals. The generalization of the theory predicts the possible existence of excited biexcitons in nature. In order to test the validity of the extended theory on computational level, a very elaborate computer code is constructed for the treatment of arbitrary four-body system with arbitrary electron/hole mass ratio and arbitrary exciton - exciton interaction (VXX). The results, for mass ratio = 1 and VXX is a pure Coulomb force, show that the test is successful. Realization of these conclusions on experimental level should open the door for wide industrial applications.
physics.atm-clus physics.chem-ph
the theory of fourbody systems is revisited it is illustrated that the theory provides a rigorous proof for the formation of ground state unexcited biexcitons in molecular crystals the generalization of the theory predicts the possible existence of excited biexcitons in nature in order to test the validity of the extended theory on computational level a very elaborate computer code is constructed for the treatment of arbitrary fourbody system with arbitrary electronhole mass ratio and arbitrary exciton exciton interaction vxx the results for mass ratio 1 and vxx is a pure coulomb force show that the test is successful realization of these conclusions on experimental level should open the door for wide industrial applications
[['the', 'theory', 'of', 'fourbody', 'systems', 'is', 'revisited', 'it', 'is', 'illustrated', 'that', 'the', 'theory', 'provides', 'a', 'rigorous', 'proof', 'for', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'ground', 'state', 'unexcited', 'biexcitons', 'in', 'molecular', 'crystals', 'the', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'theory', 'predicts', 'the', 'possible', 'existence', 'of', 'excited', 'biexcitons', 'in', 'nature', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'test', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'extended', 'theory', 'on', 'computational', 'level', 'a', 'very', 'elaborate', 'computer', 'code', 'is', 'constructed', 'for', 'the', 'treatment', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'fourbody', 'system', 'with', 'arbitrary', 'electronhole', 'mass', 'ratio', 'and', 'arbitrary', 'exciton', 'exciton', 'interaction', 'vxx', 'the', 'results', 'for', 'mass', 'ratio', '1', 'and', 'vxx', 'is', 'a', 'pure', 'coulomb', 'force', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'test', 'is', 'successful', 'realization', 'of', 'these', 'conclusions', 'on', 'experimental', 'level', 'should', 'open', 'the', 'door', 'for', 'wide', 'industrial', 'applications']]
[-0.13177952089596115, 0.13939079239029079, -0.06501309001326087, 0.10061843181539555, 0.011566534311624995, -0.15060432361063072, 0.03715357049204932, 0.3093226536232243, -0.1688194313789146, -0.30806158381726656, 0.028852585483579326, -0.22866675503074044, -0.11078893204971232, 0.20773512437090016, 0.02998051737647569, 0.06668821460845177, 0.08517650425589333, 0.0021817488228215985, -0.038212448883936496, -0.21995801410817525, 0.3035285593002316, 0.04018526515318898, 0.271632973807292, 0.15720392015084558, 0.05767663006605417, 0.026956826732330547, 0.039047807979953005, -0.03383405705538105, -0.1449268372417193, 0.1327760326022511, 0.25313228554666256, 0.0558148960484878, 0.24904974319628978, -0.38906476690777037, -0.19303687578965828, 0.019187499309497837, 0.1252807911716222, 0.17649718744909032, -0.07170071591533263, -0.28930060790541273, 0.07442252121032461, -0.18163662637469538, -0.1892898904421089, -0.07937425927855402, 0.058162964696652796, -0.0264404910165212, -0.276438363729731, 0.09979532711338579, 0.02435340948623458, 0.016231178263791536, -0.11071785635788713, -0.1188516831827113, -0.006859641170880774, 0.08803937293736167, 0.006236701346974689, 0.01842455272797675, 0.14628015871960343, -0.13699895382058203, -0.13570572436672815, 0.40772816238173265, -0.03592387509323951, -0.18243848273056773, 0.2184254698937334, -0.11723130620687203, -0.11560026467205924, 0.1241763684604513, 0.1274379800694684, 0.10954624646866139, -0.09483695092300574, 0.12649096863389245, -0.05219194281584861, 0.19927859438783407, 0.055617633144369426, 0.04182154304968814, 0.20215774880591453, 0.19846580897278168, 0.02278744950972236, 0.1283422384692944, -0.05041603168080512, -0.1656182878002271, -0.2917971383482054, -0.1712317816951933, -0.202106073756065, 0.08398060684026987, -0.04535126637462159, -0.15529379187347858, 0.3755854671739814, 0.13531607369843282, 0.13239150838477112, 0.026206945500075164, 0.2663836212085331, 0.11925687823943583, 0.022862417668332916, -0.024870616727990603, 0.27381926243144433, 0.1842739350783328, 0.03946591948011988, -0.2580706282828224, 0.02768004059754802, 0.06316367515951003]
709.2787
Quantum Transport in Metalporphyrins. An ab initio Green's function approach to nanosensors design
An ab initio Green's function study of the electron transport properties of the selected metal-porphyrin complexes has been performed. Transmission spectra and current-voltage dependence have been calculated for the porphyrin molecule located between gold electrodes in the presence of interaction with metal atoms, which are most common in biochemistry (Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II)). It was shown that the estimated Fermi level almost coincides with the LUMO level of Fe(II)-porphyrin and Fe(III)-porphyrin, resulting in significant conductance at small voltage biases. Conductance of Mn(II)-porphyrin and Zn(II)-porphyrin are much lower, and decrease from Mn to Zn. It was confirmed that performing spin-unrestricted calculations is essential to account splitting of the original molecular orbitals levels. Preformed calculations demonstrate the principal possibility of experimental realization of porphyrin based nanosensors.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
an ab initio greens function study of the electron transport properties of the selected metalporphyrin complexes has been performed transmission spectra and currentvoltage dependence have been calculated for the porphyrin molecule located between gold electrodes in the presence of interaction with metal atoms which are most common in biochemistry feii feiii mnii and znii it was shown that the estimated fermi level almost coincides with the lumo level of feiiporphyrin and feiiiporphyrin resulting in significant conductance at small voltage biases conductance of mniiporphyrin and zniiporphyrin are much lower and decrease from mn to zn it was confirmed that performing spinunrestricted calculations is essential to account splitting of the original molecular orbitals levels preformed calculations demonstrate the principal possibility of experimental realization of porphyrin based nanosensors
[['an', 'ab', 'initio', 'greens', 'function', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'electron', 'transport', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'selected', 'metalporphyrin', 'complexes', 'has', 'been', 'performed', 'transmission', 'spectra', 'and', 'currentvoltage', 'dependence', 'have', 'been', 'calculated', 'for', 'the', 'porphyrin', 'molecule', 'located', 'between', 'gold', 'electrodes', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'interaction', 'with', 'metal', 'atoms', 'which', 'are', 'most', 'common', 'in', 'biochemistry', 'feii', 'feiii', 'mnii', 'and', 'znii', 'it', 'was', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'estimated', 'fermi', 'level', 'almost', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'lumo', 'level', 'of', 'feiiporphyrin', 'and', 'feiiiporphyrin', 'resulting', 'in', 'significant', 'conductance', 'at', 'small', 'voltage', 'biases', 'conductance', 'of', 'mniiporphyrin', 'and', 'zniiporphyrin', 'are', 'much', 'lower', 'and', 'decrease', 'from', 'mn', 'to', 'zn', 'it', 'was', 'confirmed', 'that', 'performing', 'spinunrestricted', 'calculations', 'is', 'essential', 'to', 'account', 'splitting', 'of', 'the', 'original', 'molecular', 'orbitals', 'levels', 'preformed', 'calculations', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'principal', 'possibility', 'of', 'experimental', 'realization', 'of', 'porphyrin', 'based', 'nanosensors']]
[-0.10886370057220726, 0.08287496835606968, -0.026706258630535256, 0.028098825005387577, 0.05205702374999722, -0.15773739342888196, 0.057362704225912844, 0.4436561035302778, -0.2100574519378521, -0.3090676835272461, -0.06292400578677189, -0.3486677383383115, -0.10911050783276248, 0.16400407377708082, 0.06519614822076013, 0.004587071731414956, 0.04436014272553924, -0.05054915849274645, -0.06233672368883466, -0.20325349719205404, 0.24759195730827438, 0.10012173149734735, 0.2956420528702438, 0.13137804709064463, 0.03691851291441708, -0.03689619063710173, 0.06315179446246474, 0.008355461084283889, -0.1096554505838867, 0.12625336178267996, 0.2666477290685483, -0.041271579622601466, 0.22247621111261348, -0.4603841498843394, -0.18988929222590134, 0.005352964496705681, 0.1439483604025251, 0.1427364579353404, -0.06029429439210313, -0.2663193307661762, 0.07164823668232809, -0.12039318520110101, -0.0980227606050903, -0.05284085649958191, 0.0331740087189246, 0.05282884722303909, -0.20383936818737614, 0.09853359876433387, -0.030340499543429662, 0.12605208495212233, -0.1011120793739489, -0.20344811101288846, -0.1359551180425721, 0.10038289023432298, 0.01472442210263883, 0.01765270837689362, 0.20985322367826786, -0.06597195245170345, -0.08440802359061005, 0.3810411974787712, -0.06955784738335448, -0.06838194675510749, 0.1740364848539078, -0.1990125955208593, -0.11860473986792688, 0.20361376184252247, 0.047429657521812864, 0.10497053258586675, -0.16200150409325337, 0.08672977273575573, -0.012891906111811598, 0.19654084235080518, 0.08261729606116812, 0.04566675988802065, 0.19187723967479542, 0.1659331636071632, -0.016211656579980627, 0.09574259819540505, -0.1645176087738946, -0.06661931817846684, -0.19423887242252627, -0.16035889851627871, -0.20488950154588867, 0.05904758956748992, 0.009850786661869886, -0.1735368545562475, 0.3647732252099862, 0.11179701434642388, 0.17397556377594203, -0.05642599521573478, 0.2574417574331164, 0.14194694193235288, 0.09710452966731585, 0.001674731622915715, 0.23796319572720676, 0.1948711174093963, 0.008718952049093787, -0.3135812112072017, 0.1247081315406831, -0.0007321634174635012]
709.2788
Laser control in a bifurcating region
We present a complete analysis of the laser control of a model molecular system using both optimal control theory and adiabatic techniques. This molecule has a particular potential energy surface with a bifurcating region connecting three potential wells which allows a variety of processes such as isomerization, tunnelling or implementation of quantum gates on one or two qubits. The parameters of the model have been chosen so as to reproduce the main features of H3CO which is a molecule-benchmark for such dynamics. We show the feasibility of different processes and we investigate their robustness against variations of laser field. We discuss the conditions under which each method of control gives the best results. We also point out the relation between optimal control theory and local control.
quant-ph
we present a complete analysis of the laser control of a model molecular system using both optimal control theory and adiabatic techniques this molecule has a particular potential energy surface with a bifurcating region connecting three potential wells which allows a variety of processes such as isomerization tunnelling or implementation of quantum gates on one or two qubits the parameters of the model have been chosen so as to reproduce the main features of h3co which is a moleculebenchmark for such dynamics we show the feasibility of different processes and we investigate their robustness against variations of laser field we discuss the conditions under which each method of control gives the best results we also point out the relation between optimal control theory and local control
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'complete', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'laser', 'control', 'of', 'a', 'model', 'molecular', 'system', 'using', 'both', 'optimal', 'control', 'theory', 'and', 'adiabatic', 'techniques', 'this', 'molecule', 'has', 'a', 'particular', 'potential', 'energy', 'surface', 'with', 'a', 'bifurcating', 'region', 'connecting', 'three', 'potential', 'wells', 'which', 'allows', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'processes', 'such', 'as', 'isomerization', 'tunnelling', 'or', 'implementation', 'of', 'quantum', 'gates', 'on', 'one', 'or', 'two', 'qubits', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'have', 'been', 'chosen', 'so', 'as', 'to', 'reproduce', 'the', 'main', 'features', 'of', 'h3co', 'which', 'is', 'a', 'moleculebenchmark', 'for', 'such', 'dynamics', 'we', 'show', 'the', 'feasibility', 'of', 'different', 'processes', 'and', 'we', 'investigate', 'their', 'robustness', 'against', 'variations', 'of', 'laser', 'field', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'conditions', 'under', 'which', 'each', 'method', 'of', 'control', 'gives', 'the', 'best', 'results', 'we', 'also', 'point', 'out', 'the', 'relation', 'between', 'optimal', 'control', 'theory', 'and', 'local', 'control']]
[-0.1318907610501253, 0.06179823658444108, -0.10753034281304046, 0.02954090498538027, 0.005862454367395971, -0.15724022614379082, 0.08344818889200988, 0.390306685240038, -0.2635777233949592, -0.301886806730181, 0.09574635188290549, -0.22955883881501993, -0.1699534900214325, 0.22411628126827698, -0.018024202851407725, 0.08998841525716407, 0.018997082216364723, 0.0018376594901295198, -0.04489613845643978, -0.1905120389025298, 0.3171884844289912, 0.028054725764612216, 0.27468134804568706, 0.05679405395518012, 0.13184638150156505, 0.0045154417692233, 0.033420408470368375, 0.0032320776353439978, -0.14686685643203917, 0.10955095451865945, 0.1927082825718718, 0.09669804667881239, 0.28442618274880993, -0.43697606486779067, -0.23948557461581885, 0.08792449968431386, 0.11010491743969221, 0.17038145361772378, -0.06577256902751434, -0.24327542248272127, 0.06716175841903614, -0.14831014092816341, -0.12744094264663516, -0.08973640937831313, -0.01065279058492442, 0.07910130015243927, -0.2690652176313433, 0.00014978473148902037, 0.04229948188989393, 0.048904743323463104, -0.08551169121534669, -0.05553147752089576, -0.026913943565300396, 0.16103420746437605, 0.006960876804265765, 0.0032368684525511436, 0.18760055730554967, -0.11533974704986077, -0.16039173179606517, 0.37898627817330344, -0.06691395011617832, -0.18294167425483465, 0.21138491802999088, -0.10733719002605686, -0.1032260894520028, 0.07673246923067997, 0.1584027890574127, 0.13724030031552237, -0.15110323415888893, 0.08023288328765757, -0.005652251277839945, 0.15734699983717762, 0.045817672815774715, 0.06114761619227788, 0.19915194257402852, 0.19033464244679518, 0.09385825109089754, 0.15579719219033816, -0.10829772127814771, -0.13342817297070136, -0.3213449736095725, -0.15167121773195122, -0.12763295734241123, 0.04022343707695273, -0.056601365051451025, -0.15725274474900816, 0.4377186722497666, 0.16710070621376227, 0.19626753467826114, 0.0003192254197558448, 0.30007961653773824, 0.12959247443547112, 0.03899582021216291, 0.0337063604627826, 0.2338094279262042, 0.1430325111103875, 0.031932134008515745, -0.2604920819520034, 0.04118582795584394, 0.007274455405891903]
709.2789
PT-symmetric Solutions of Schrodinger Equation with position-dependent mass via Point Canonical Transformation
PT-symmetric solutions of Schrodinger equation are obtained for the Scarf and generalized harmonic oscillator potentials with the position-dependent mass. A general point canonical transformation is applied by using a free parameter. Three different forms of mass distributions are used. A set of the energy eigenvalues of the bound states and corresponding wave functions for target potentials are obtained as a function of the free parameter.
quant-ph
ptsymmetric solutions of schrodinger equation are obtained for the scarf and generalized harmonic oscillator potentials with the positiondependent mass a general point canonical transformation is applied by using a free parameter three different forms of mass distributions are used a set of the energy eigenvalues of the bound states and corresponding wave functions for target potentials are obtained as a function of the free parameter
[['ptsymmetric', 'solutions', 'of', 'schrodinger', 'equation', 'are', 'obtained', 'for', 'the', 'scarf', 'and', 'generalized', 'harmonic', 'oscillator', 'potentials', 'with', 'the', 'positiondependent', 'mass', 'a', 'general', 'point', 'canonical', 'transformation', 'is', 'applied', 'by', 'using', 'a', 'free', 'parameter', 'three', 'different', 'forms', 'of', 'mass', 'distributions', 'are', 'used', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'the', 'energy', 'eigenvalues', 'of', 'the', 'bound', 'states', 'and', 'corresponding', 'wave', 'functions', 'for', 'target', 'potentials', 'are', 'obtained', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'free', 'parameter']]
[-0.1095925857527898, 0.14110490223213742, -0.07305541689722583, 0.09271162946959241, -0.026429746378786288, -0.15808245074003935, -0.019804084874116456, 0.33087611387555416, -0.2154712631725348, -0.2600222293000955, 0.04533176901392066, -0.29934153816161246, -0.12511128261685373, 0.21761438224751214, 0.0541816037434798, 0.15301555655896665, 0.05830654655941404, 0.06707206630649475, -0.12280246686333647, -0.15181071484604708, 0.41262306989385533, -0.009251086050286315, 0.20872174844933816, 0.0159464954237382, 0.10926887433116253, 0.0022889110868653424, 0.05176183692394541, -0.024223146924319174, -0.1401363375596702, 0.10674957971249778, 0.1905303476843983, 0.08416296667777574, 0.23809380903123664, -0.37471903410668556, -0.23461850599314157, 0.13010379951447248, 0.1084296357531387, 0.10065930856821628, -0.06185768920068557, -0.29551227665864505, -0.01873882382485765, -0.15775182026510054, -0.23651318598825197, -0.0719866558479575, 0.03532385606175432, 0.13186311866514958, -0.3196621351517164, 0.12448301155924968, -0.02052975153693786, 0.009116087767940302, -0.15951334641386683, -0.14745192533323112, -0.08706823974632873, 0.06544776164854949, -0.02455538334683157, 0.00290108542316235, 0.10595191777325594, -0.12116925313782234, -0.06938731564352145, 0.39821797817085797, -0.07425104789435863, -0.3181717021534076, 0.1222178547284924, -0.09292117416715392, -0.056492730226510995, 0.10807358288707641, 0.1215724260546267, 0.13875995378654737, -0.1873591567031466, 0.1507615594748551, 0.00755002518708352, 0.10844909920079562, 0.11405800468503283, -0.006416798213747545, 0.14527033811005263, 0.06423588173034099, 0.07722237618783345, 0.15834615130264026, -0.026471109000536112, -0.13497911834946044, -0.33868724617820517, -0.11343954882960623, -0.2363795545668556, 0.04565027992379887, -0.11177011919521297, -0.1879957017273857, 0.4661011816217349, 0.02530148415109859, 0.21316736558308969, 0.055153408259726484, 0.18876266215856258, 0.268658100781613, 0.057912446121470285, 0.011744767062079447, 0.22679490597488788, 0.16884885797850213, 0.05456498134164856, -0.183529623476072, -0.08549624282436875, 0.10896247919792167]
709.279
A Quantum Dot with Impurity in the Lobachevsky Plane
The curvature effect on a quantum dot with impurity is investigated. The model is considered on the Lobachevsky plane. The confinement and impurity potentials are chosen so that the model is explicitly solvable. The Green function as well as the Krein Q-function are computed.
math-ph math.MP
the curvature effect on a quantum dot with impurity is investigated the model is considered on the lobachevsky plane the confinement and impurity potentials are chosen so that the model is explicitly solvable the green function as well as the krein qfunction are computed
[['the', 'curvature', 'effect', 'on', 'a', 'quantum', 'dot', 'with', 'impurity', 'is', 'investigated', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'considered', 'on', 'the', 'lobachevsky', 'plane', 'the', 'confinement', 'and', 'impurity', 'potentials', 'are', 'chosen', 'so', 'that', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'explicitly', 'solvable', 'the', 'green', 'function', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'krein', 'qfunction', 'are', 'computed']]
[-0.09791471924505789, 0.14409747840413314, -0.03964249074289745, 0.1517262483327861, -0.030917305472857235, -0.1810341171645136, -0.040634367821357126, 0.4314141281965104, -0.2348632306199182, -0.24671797932718287, 0.08168256646868857, -0.29844522882591595, -0.1675221466205337, 0.16790922857101329, 0.008164843353866176, 0.06830604755404321, -0.01623242632062598, 0.08427167772738771, -0.022501280504829167, -0.2314084361053326, 0.33689476177096367, 0.04854536398091692, 0.2233666217970577, 0.11737791156734932, 0.08197207003831863, 0.03863351669596424, 0.097291660876098, 0.03799441227139058, -0.10499734074404511, 0.014082714002473618, 0.1695202042094686, -0.0006482736948369579, 0.21565207411450418, -0.37876113381406123, -0.2488094951788133, 0.061485796997492966, 0.13816040369089355, 0.12925410236824642, -0.050077083441217175, -0.3195548257790506, -0.02516309818549251, -0.11950602162290704, -0.11058696319179778, -0.03295271699740128, 0.020259493072940546, 0.036416062534871424, -0.24487532742998816, 0.0646859192691574, 0.009124080843652006, 0.00412518682051913, -0.08693589781813155, -0.1331833728208122, -0.0723199409019964, 0.10597283938179979, -0.0034405428662218833, 0.08559771578504959, 0.17639906841213815, -0.06403457828458738, -0.08599428250586656, 0.4125363128259778, -0.07342929498885166, -0.3064178756692193, 0.10210514290321787, -0.14142302518964492, -0.007038926282389598, 0.032759314207148484, 0.09795601479709148, 0.15029864314816554, -0.13232202855446798, 0.22247877744402186, -0.05470870638435537, 0.08184013202976943, 0.03494654102674262, 0.023948989099484275, 0.17490861399776556, 0.1067586676640944, 0.0422256180847233, 0.1754552436336367, -0.06980633501767773, -0.17483002633195033, -0.3278300405733965, -0.14129693114029412, -0.3198779326233886, 0.04563645764508031, -0.05199398143734222, -0.226028045353649, 0.4092710581184788, 0.05872393113730306, 0.20292811741290445, 0.01122900318693031, 0.2631181711542674, 0.24017090688523074, 0.08659691465171901, 0.03646385163830763, 0.24949954407797617, 0.15796841044423424, 0.040465651863169944, -0.2770270265226083, 0.022765545872971416, 0.11877258179116655]
709.2791
Kalman Filtering with Equality and Inequality State Constraints
Both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems regularly appear in recursive tracking problems engineers currently address -- however, constraints are rarely exploited for these applications. We define the Kalman Filter and discuss two different approaches to incorporating constraints. Each of these approaches are first applied to equality constraints and then extended to inequality constraints. We discuss methods for dealing with nonlinear constraints and for constraining the state prediction. Finally, some experiments are provided to indicate the usefulness of such methods.
math.OC physics.data-an
both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems regularly appear in recursive tracking problems engineers currently address however constraints are rarely exploited for these applications we define the kalman filter and discuss two different approaches to incorporating constraints each of these approaches are first applied to equality constraints and then extended to inequality constraints we discuss methods for dealing with nonlinear constraints and for constraining the state prediction finally some experiments are provided to indicate the usefulness of such methods
[['both', 'constrained', 'and', 'unconstrained', 'optimization', 'problems', 'regularly', 'appear', 'in', 'recursive', 'tracking', 'problems', 'engineers', 'currently', 'address', 'however', 'constraints', 'are', 'rarely', 'exploited', 'for', 'these', 'applications', 'we', 'define', 'the', 'kalman', 'filter', 'and', 'discuss', 'two', 'different', 'approaches', 'to', 'incorporating', 'constraints', 'each', 'of', 'these', 'approaches', 'are', 'first', 'applied', 'to', 'equality', 'constraints', 'and', 'then', 'extended', 'to', 'inequality', 'constraints', 'we', 'discuss', 'methods', 'for', 'dealing', 'with', 'nonlinear', 'constraints', 'and', 'for', 'constraining', 'the', 'state', 'prediction', 'finally', 'some', 'experiments', 'are', 'provided', 'to', 'indicate', 'the', 'usefulness', 'of', 'such', 'methods']]
[-0.058360455074132636, 0.014135734709457327, -0.04375548065246011, 0.12442540284544708, -0.1248707253820239, -0.22085328025218004, -0.013041368709542813, 0.4200244740797923, -0.31389519119730747, -0.3576677594310007, 0.21970138773292255, -0.2587414509258591, -0.14716157127315035, 0.24492022667366725, -0.08254238020760031, 0.1457892291379185, 0.07390593025737847, -0.010800988532793827, -0.14266449640182635, -0.2863373145795403, 0.28450153654632276, -0.011229787509924231, 0.22952131210611418, 0.06576747900973527, 0.10148810209013903, -0.008902190539699335, -0.08251958153544901, 0.07005497711137511, -0.14808114902235758, 0.16657651571604687, 0.30327167610327405, 0.21530650111918265, 0.2984288639078538, -0.4707555649563288, -0.2165283499784075, 0.11668035672165644, 0.13906709141193482, 0.10030553668426971, -0.01650859314040878, -0.3115009519820794, 0.06352868034707335, -0.11732450700126207, -0.052675693128735594, -0.11877267226242484, -0.06959811336575793, 0.06825559368231691, -0.32033899440788305, 0.02909283438184036, 0.022274564668082465, -0.014432084842179066, -0.11267031270127074, -0.18071222445443988, 0.055274761150567196, 0.10778494357155302, 0.08040151152855311, -0.08077584552721909, 0.12161095832020809, -0.1486255211982494, -0.17461396048878294, 0.3843685111078696, 0.013795934822738696, -0.24938871409409705, 0.21751861120215976, -0.040687292551574036, -0.2500123924587686, 0.020034769382805396, 0.21310722566424653, 0.1167745047654861, -0.16088937038484102, 0.06627558381595196, 0.03627967854173711, 0.11351433904984823, 0.029611908953087643, 0.05525173242084491, 0.1786611447474943, 0.1483115937727957, 0.09869905895231149, 0.12395164805154006, -0.059405800325270645, -0.10142060865809281, -0.26077636832801193, -0.08651339497196321, -0.11995569902519958, -0.10522849337221721, -0.06170281088979652, -0.08811809521956512, 0.340426617827362, 0.23698189089265773, 0.1733993020756409, 0.0697260128083424, 0.3118846657333704, 0.14257202978030994, 0.025623491857773982, 0.06068017555233569, 0.25140686339336055, 0.10739662477937646, 0.06487196657615595, -0.17557398894300255, 0.03301370998722119, -0.004695614787917106]
709.2792
Constraining the growth factor with baryon oscillations
The growth factor of linear fluctuations is probably one of the least known quantity in observational cosmology. Here we discuss the constraints that baryon oscillations in galaxy power spectra from future surveys can put on a conveniently parametrized growth factor. We find that spectroscopic surveys of $5000 deg^2$ extending to $z \approx 3$ could estimate the growth index $\gamma$ within 0.06; a similar photometric survey would give $\Delta\gamma\approx 0.15$. This test provides an important consistency check for standard cosmological model and could constrain modified gravity models. We discuss the errors and the figure of merit for various combinations of redshift errors and survey size.
astro-ph
the growth factor of linear fluctuations is probably one of the least known quantity in observational cosmology here we discuss the constraints that baryon oscillations in galaxy power spectra from future surveys can put on a conveniently parametrized growth factor we find that spectroscopic surveys of 5000 deg2 extending to z approx 3 could estimate the growth index gamma within 006 a similar photometric survey would give deltagammaapprox 015 this test provides an important consistency check for standard cosmological model and could constrain modified gravity models we discuss the errors and the figure of merit for various combinations of redshift errors and survey size
[['the', 'growth', 'factor', 'of', 'linear', 'fluctuations', 'is', 'probably', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'least', 'known', 'quantity', 'in', 'observational', 'cosmology', 'here', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'constraints', 'that', 'baryon', 'oscillations', 'in', 'galaxy', 'power', 'spectra', 'from', 'future', 'surveys', 'can', 'put', 'on', 'a', 'conveniently', 'parametrized', 'growth', 'factor', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'spectroscopic', 'surveys', 'of', '5000', 'deg2', 'extending', 'to', 'z', 'approx', '3', 'could', 'estimate', 'the', 'growth', 'index', 'gamma', 'within', '006', 'a', 'similar', 'photometric', 'survey', 'would', 'give', 'deltagammaapprox', '015', 'this', 'test', 'provides', 'an', 'important', 'consistency', 'check', 'for', 'standard', 'cosmological', 'model', 'and', 'could', 'constrain', 'modified', 'gravity', 'models', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'errors', 'and', 'the', 'figure', 'of', 'merit', 'for', 'various', 'combinations', 'of', 'redshift', 'errors', 'and', 'survey', 'size']]
[-0.11271240345193344, 0.10435151013229789, -0.09409833422780615, 0.11496642962532136, -0.1186934844455094, -0.09380116766698442, 0.03733420603031528, 0.3093877065863496, -0.2294451472286171, -0.3536782732586042, 0.10380303560647643, -0.304776173699828, -0.026727976628411924, 0.24028935554455425, -0.03634839689187271, 0.007236851089932386, 0.017467213179735305, -0.06635635648175929, -0.064728863200357, -0.295724900602137, 0.25042382550642833, 0.12770834557929087, 0.21347787148077313, -0.002625864514520446, 0.05667454910292787, -0.06533863610651308, -0.11030802166867025, 0.03100365225804373, -0.27020592396588344, 0.04279216201252584, 0.21994340404104787, 0.168719178504193, 0.23827964067459106, -0.31536014287651165, -0.21766115719163157, 0.09412626396453243, 0.18891829895805026, 0.0906578517130133, -0.03730636575254747, -0.21214541741217333, 0.06088472994579029, -0.1855927297791231, -0.16099071576829674, -0.037041841490754804, 0.004548690171044284, 0.00307642448257239, -0.26030408320225124, 0.14752606396536225, -0.04271467153019118, 0.054081610087486146, -0.07316959119465166, -0.16037038198301515, 0.005760758463067265, 0.06661837011150726, 0.015028595034873964, 0.052309511518738805, 0.13987158405259975, -0.15294608570300766, -0.058532620592549156, 0.4142896897946168, -0.10449865692548309, -0.07211233189022079, 0.10461732998345662, -0.20952528301915788, -0.2005287784725898, 0.032087827469809975, 0.20531464746511244, 0.03247511632064046, -0.14967712012200968, 0.06585092492485238, 0.03055510550705734, 0.24924856541877233, 0.048980076401720495, 0.04815386201312101, 0.3056047001347235, 0.13659726864504582, 0.04364713823911056, 0.09319172342063732, -0.17516674375550334, 0.024004026754641708, -0.3163024377511832, -0.09931690009871444, -0.09878869756188208, 0.12331966201331719, -0.18980575044081632, -0.10957076324565897, 0.38749233137327926, 0.18205601092229046, 0.19997023981634202, 0.07802117639221251, 0.2590806188730939, 0.08290316532049509, 0.09094693522461808, 0.023345445956383805, 0.31644192308151314, 0.12957261605821188, 0.017456154553762194, -0.17685827522683273, 0.036339994443092244, -0.020217490314677792]
709.2793
Cubical convex ear decompositions
We consider the problem of constructing a convex ear decomposition for a poset. The usual technique, first used by Nyman and Swartz, starts with a CL-labeling and uses this to shell the `ears' of the decomposition. We axiomatize the necessary conditions for this technique as a "CL-ced" or "EL-ced". We find an EL-ced of the d-divisible partition lattice, and a closely related convex ear decomposition of the coset lattice of a relatively complemented group. Along the way, we construct new EL-labelings of both lattices. The convex ear decompositions so constructed are formed by face lattices of hypercubes. We then proceed to show that if two posets P_1 and P_2 have convex ear decompositions (CL-ceds), then their products P_1 \times P_2, P_1 \lrtimes P_2, and P_1 \urtimes P_2 also have convex ear decompositions (CL-ceds). An interesting special case is: if P_1 and P_2 have polytopal order complexes, then so do their products.
math.CO
we consider the problem of constructing a convex ear decomposition for a poset the usual technique first used by nyman and swartz starts with a cllabeling and uses this to shell the ears of the decomposition we axiomatize the necessary conditions for this technique as a clced or elced we find an elced of the ddivisible partition lattice and a closely related convex ear decomposition of the coset lattice of a relatively complemented group along the way we construct new ellabelings of both lattices the convex ear decompositions so constructed are formed by face lattices of hypercubes we then proceed to show that if two posets p_1 and p_2 have convex ear decompositions clceds then their products p_1 times p_2 p_1 lrtimes p_2 and p_1 urtimes p_2 also have convex ear decompositions clceds an interesting special case is if p_1 and p_2 have polytopal order complexes then so do their products
[['we', 'consider', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'constructing', 'a', 'convex', 'ear', 'decomposition', 'for', 'a', 'poset', 'the', 'usual', 'technique', 'first', 'used', 'by', 'nyman', 'and', 'swartz', 'starts', 'with', 'a', 'cllabeling', 'and', 'uses', 'this', 'to', 'shell', 'the', 'ears', 'of', 'the', 'decomposition', 'we', 'axiomatize', 'the', 'necessary', 'conditions', 'for', 'this', 'technique', 'as', 'a', 'clced', 'or', 'elced', 'we', 'find', 'an', 'elced', 'of', 'the', 'ddivisible', 'partition', 'lattice', 'and', 'a', 'closely', 'related', 'convex', 'ear', 'decomposition', 'of', 'the', 'coset', 'lattice', 'of', 'a', 'relatively', 'complemented', 'group', 'along', 'the', 'way', 'we', 'construct', 'new', 'ellabelings', 'of', 'both', 'lattices', 'the', 'convex', 'ear', 'decompositions', 'so', 'constructed', 'are', 'formed', 'by', 'face', 'lattices', 'of', 'hypercubes', 'we', 'then', 'proceed', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'two', 'posets', 'p_1', 'and', 'p_2', 'have', 'convex', 'ear', 'decompositions', 'clceds', 'then', 'their', 'products', 'p_1', 'times', 'p_2', 'p_1', 'lrtimes', 'p_2', 'and', 'p_1', 'urtimes', 'p_2', 'also', 'have', 'convex', 'ear', 'decompositions', 'clceds', 'an', 'interesting', 'special', 'case', 'is', 'if', 'p_1', 'and', 'p_2', 'have', 'polytopal', 'order', 'complexes', 'then', 'so', 'do', 'their', 'products']]
[-0.11552827649898569, 0.1134245575103705, -0.1290615351179238, 0.06167126698144582, -0.08106467494993315, -0.10695149591063252, -0.001345359809218078, 0.43747980639131534, -0.3277707484214463, -0.1597484099523475, 0.15092714883374153, -0.2644142816118094, -0.1652955219049343, 0.1203106592608189, -0.11007794602644733, 0.03447656231583096, 0.08282387048428871, 0.0528107949471127, -0.055553272122374944, -0.23566121564201442, 0.31328592489525264, -0.10513155400985852, 0.19773538173629074, 0.04442798489536573, 0.09538661331882597, 0.01355010151180775, 0.013941507883525142, 0.02832967505997254, -0.23770405448506912, 0.15436020463514272, 0.23112348209704375, 0.18257679280941375, 0.25613327968231814, -0.41357696174074793, -0.09474408962159941, 0.13820820612535398, 0.17025236066223848, -0.0031656832967807227, -0.007858113492450988, -0.21456864393258002, 0.0972732359740702, -0.14870742322333777, -0.099942951139787, -0.08053002718305732, 0.0404133422012415, -0.0002480446669829285, -0.31934129043818554, -0.0035028939522211053, 0.13367204750344777, 0.07474478690387008, -0.028426404256606475, -0.20925310715877762, -0.056985774368513376, 0.08658485475623617, -0.00460887990629999, 0.030057162475309776, 0.01900434758863412, -0.03276061084438374, -0.16645488134882827, 0.4056225207071596, 0.03310227612625264, -0.2392404997954145, 0.14534258097086827, -0.13672412739187065, -0.14549158741525994, 0.127905252742898, 0.11026056928353177, 0.17866050160955638, -0.06570539610725569, 0.08085668124274686, -0.12598055763293006, 0.08165630902577606, 0.167191699447964, -0.004006207341768054, 0.15465017226637834, 0.06731403126226117, 0.11311372251818991, 0.19411034617547152, -0.04116995423100889, -0.007584096781404999, -0.29205713008478695, -0.11517564059856038, -0.17892821710686097, 0.030846080984095654, -0.09870559315317627, -0.19061167245187485, 0.3581566330588733, 0.026222697911887534, 0.2052903026827456, 0.0764107789663184, 0.24793333650773597, 0.055687732948475364, 0.038157565037383594, 0.05960735048736549, 0.14003656774811032, 0.1766388351582767, -0.04706378423401879, -0.17071653779688253, -0.02249247214705166, 0.16252582551290592]
709.2794
Polyhedral tori with minimal coordinates
We give explicit realizations with small integer coordinates for all triangulated tori with up to 12 vertices. In particular, we provide coordinate-minimal realizations in general position for all triangulations of the torus with 7, 8, 9, and 10 vertices. For the unique 7-vertex triangulation of the torus we show that all corresponding 72 oriented matroids are realizable in the 6x6x6-cube. Moreover, we present polyhedral tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x2-cube, general position realizations of triangulated tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x3-cuboid as well as polyhedral tori with 9 and 10 vertices in the 1x2x2-cuboid.
math.MG math.CO
we give explicit realizations with small integer coordinates for all triangulated tori with up to 12 vertices in particular we provide coordinateminimal realizations in general position for all triangulations of the torus with 7 8 9 and 10 vertices for the unique 7vertex triangulation of the torus we show that all corresponding 72 oriented matroids are realizable in the 6x6x6cube moreover we present polyhedral tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x2cube general position realizations of triangulated tori with 8 vertices in the 2x2x3cuboid as well as polyhedral tori with 9 and 10 vertices in the 1x2x2cuboid
[['we', 'give', 'explicit', 'realizations', 'with', 'small', 'integer', 'coordinates', 'for', 'all', 'triangulated', 'tori', 'with', 'up', 'to', '12', 'vertices', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'provide', 'coordinateminimal', 'realizations', 'in', 'general', 'position', 'for', 'all', 'triangulations', 'of', 'the', 'torus', 'with', '7', '8', '9', 'and', '10', 'vertices', 'for', 'the', 'unique', '7vertex', 'triangulation', 'of', 'the', 'torus', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'all', 'corresponding', '72', 'oriented', 'matroids', 'are', 'realizable', 'in', 'the', '6x6x6cube', 'moreover', 'we', 'present', 'polyhedral', 'tori', 'with', '8', 'vertices', 'in', 'the', '2x2x2cube', 'general', 'position', 'realizations', 'of', 'triangulated', 'tori', 'with', '8', 'vertices', 'in', 'the', '2x2x3cuboid', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'polyhedral', 'tori', 'with', '9', 'and', '10', 'vertices', 'in', 'the', '1x2x2cuboid']]
[-0.14351743535435463, 0.11819135261940064, 0.04123148251488641, 0.016917051583692267, -0.029819823064646877, -0.1251115761390263, -0.00749030297079666, 0.40693383917703735, -0.23298053970499025, -0.37325009580824403, 0.12254097554922247, -0.30525058724375054, -0.1213828308077959, 0.13105206705302327, -0.1117122092867618, 0.0037951832867462883, 0.06327518867584621, 0.03618331148914716, -0.05409873813994556, -0.31716644363784857, 0.3359388041791025, -0.04960788999796732, 0.1066752962542923, 0.04376572930969805, 0.10463943909649011, 0.040675211656879595, 0.019395895425107453, 0.048260729550128126, -0.20420934745293828, 0.11017245492273635, 0.25537808127138395, 0.060295508186854835, 0.0986195328379316, -0.4196310272583595, -0.09618507402342652, 0.12816882848862435, 0.10080896173910862, 0.08141697640274907, -0.018383965909399173, -0.18081583755070363, 0.11031343016241278, -0.11058003050121633, -0.18697223414226874, -0.020644035292686998, 0.11981127134800612, 0.03936054215735787, -0.2100771153703905, -0.008245661694832802, 0.07435040711297315, 0.14218898721366793, -0.05147444710626707, -0.16365673050929147, -0.06308109014663477, 0.11606838369926253, -0.07156189079242913, 0.07564892817882228, 0.05139323276887228, -0.057710621534120085, -0.20740973978088453, 0.3933057609822724, -0.030022695435436217, -0.25665677432482553, 0.1863216397884701, -0.21493810794960994, -0.17723220300727657, 0.18340784378841027, 0.09805896427932677, 0.1645423774914509, -0.06872907098751146, 0.105514794336069, -0.11545367755896442, 0.0775012778256416, 0.11942097721212022, 0.029079254472290504, 0.1624510812440089, 0.09593619586091366, 0.11121705720446758, 0.1767804464063854, -0.07481473786142337, -0.055032522965140725, -0.357119347501014, -0.13166224208384097, -0.1294510317493005, 0.12456076727555758, -0.19929537347455223, -0.13295267930172466, 0.3672713397050297, 0.07093814547572817, 0.2892253448224657, 0.1219406600185711, 0.19415207964542147, -0.02499671278593059, 0.07223736015126073, 0.18914378217452174, 0.19818118176740276, 0.130267138434267, -0.044071410792869525, -0.06650247770760741, -0.10749406734440517, 0.12475737104458469]
709.2795
Quantum Theory on Lobatchevski Spaces
In this paper we set up a general formalism to deal with quantum theories on a Lobatchevski space, i.e. a spatial manifold that is homogeneous, isotropic and has negative curvature. The heart of our approach is the construction of a suitable basis of plane waves which are eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator relative to the geometry of the curved space. These functions were previously introduced in the mathematical literature in the context of group theory; here we revisit and adapt the formalism in a way specific for quantum mechanics. Our developments render dealing with Lobatchevski spaces, which used to be quite difficult and source of controversies, easily tractable. Applications to the Milne and de Sitter universes are discussed as examples.
hep-th
in this paper we set up a general formalism to deal with quantum theories on a lobatchevski space ie a spatial manifold that is homogeneous isotropic and has negative curvature the heart of our approach is the construction of a suitable basis of plane waves which are eigenfunctions of the laplacebeltrami operator relative to the geometry of the curved space these functions were previously introduced in the mathematical literature in the context of group theory here we revisit and adapt the formalism in a way specific for quantum mechanics our developments render dealing with lobatchevski spaces which used to be quite difficult and source of controversies easily tractable applications to the milne and de sitter universes are discussed as examples
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'set', 'up', 'a', 'general', 'formalism', 'to', 'deal', 'with', 'quantum', 'theories', 'on', 'a', 'lobatchevski', 'space', 'ie', 'a', 'spatial', 'manifold', 'that', 'is', 'homogeneous', 'isotropic', 'and', 'has', 'negative', 'curvature', 'the', 'heart', 'of', 'our', 'approach', 'is', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'a', 'suitable', 'basis', 'of', 'plane', 'waves', 'which', 'are', 'eigenfunctions', 'of', 'the', 'laplacebeltrami', 'operator', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'the', 'curved', 'space', 'these', 'functions', 'were', 'previously', 'introduced', 'in', 'the', 'mathematical', 'literature', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'group', 'theory', 'here', 'we', 'revisit', 'and', 'adapt', 'the', 'formalism', 'in', 'a', 'way', 'specific', 'for', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'our', 'developments', 'render', 'dealing', 'with', 'lobatchevski', 'spaces', 'which', 'used', 'to', 'be', 'quite', 'difficult', 'and', 'source', 'of', 'controversies', 'easily', 'tractable', 'applications', 'to', 'the', 'milne', 'and', 'de', 'sitter', 'universes', 'are', 'discussed', 'as', 'examples']]
[-0.08117907599672296, 0.10018275521687721, -0.10959009399984852, 0.09788380178989906, -0.12306086859523745, -0.1026656291155555, -0.03290257444684157, 0.3552115724453608, -0.2405488014663175, -0.2548784601217988, 0.1168425973047013, -0.23428743841300198, -0.18274416215915107, 0.21604703391223387, -0.11224899539167567, 0.05784250626003101, 0.023474975457509695, 0.027091939941490607, -0.0856605457611603, -0.2476474407555188, 0.39260320388909303, 0.05492508363164172, 0.25849951720023057, 0.01787711818055329, 0.09417546191647397, -0.018356850201074602, -0.027593959525416968, 0.06361041993832105, -0.14625491029776533, 0.18133812972297103, 0.279229969015124, 0.10504791552844157, 0.2473623184605612, -0.4199010466809495, -0.2541738628719093, 0.08935033958957736, 0.1146639230447995, 0.14592149840880944, -0.017685811940020234, -0.3108928135035844, 0.053179824065764325, -0.14492094884153015, -0.16728764496570042, -0.09798386891498782, 0.016972656839258842, -0.04268994497261563, -0.18888568874227546, 0.052149740274664076, 0.04674787303834603, 0.012605060412848399, -0.06943474417173509, -0.062121815185291474, 0.020461402002769382, 0.08726440555952741, 0.029950116354561712, 0.059200874255512355, 0.07969170705399524, -0.07676038031182172, -0.12090544107417434, 0.4003271631407157, -0.03027881408836377, -0.269793946832671, 0.17318694388209763, -0.13406362739723113, -0.1442844791819294, 0.06904826280108448, 0.1572065953938764, 0.16330178446625754, -0.13108434476810743, 0.17617947978196444, -0.019077133965457523, 0.09753737941194894, 0.09023340950104392, 0.039140444326360505, 0.17697116833622173, 0.10782897952249494, 0.04432136249744286, 0.11822475108093093, -0.017284733880611167, -0.15122055570285184, -0.3503952434254905, -0.1908962682037643, -0.1635560565914217, 0.04019899734382723, -0.07521917372971568, -0.21682013127404282, 0.38404640428508807, 0.1285692472781609, 0.18346880236640573, 0.03535332053434104, 0.25216430405320567, 0.10642990593858147, 0.02953295052146255, 0.04976673859716156, 0.2122039342105736, 0.1694235632756441, 0.10527960898875559, -0.15370167248884326, -0.013142056506663814, 0.06399971280460072]
709.2796
Unoccupied states of individual silver clusters and chains on Ag(111)
Size-selected silver clusters on Ag(111) were fabricated with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. Unoccupied electron resonances give rise to image contrast and spectral features which shift toward the Fermi level with increasing cluster size. Linear assemblies exhibit higher resonance energies than equally sized compact assemblies. Density functional theory calculations reproduce the observed energies and enable an assignment of the resonances to hybridized atomic 5s and 5p orbitals with silver substrate states.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
sizeselected silver clusters on ag111 were fabricated with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope unoccupied electron resonances give rise to image contrast and spectral features which shift toward the fermi level with increasing cluster size linear assemblies exhibit higher resonance energies than equally sized compact assemblies density functional theory calculations reproduce the observed energies and enable an assignment of the resonances to hybridized atomic 5s and 5p orbitals with silver substrate states
[['sizeselected', 'silver', 'clusters', 'on', 'ag111', 'were', 'fabricated', 'with', 'the', 'tip', 'of', 'a', 'scanning', 'tunneling', 'microscope', 'unoccupied', 'electron', 'resonances', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'image', 'contrast', 'and', 'spectral', 'features', 'which', 'shift', 'toward', 'the', 'fermi', 'level', 'with', 'increasing', 'cluster', 'size', 'linear', 'assemblies', 'exhibit', 'higher', 'resonance', 'energies', 'than', 'equally', 'sized', 'compact', 'assemblies', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'calculations', 'reproduce', 'the', 'observed', 'energies', 'and', 'enable', 'an', 'assignment', 'of', 'the', 'resonances', 'to', 'hybridized', 'atomic', '5s', 'and', '5p', 'orbitals', 'with', 'silver', 'substrate', 'states']]
[-0.06046183016278768, 0.1884767748752357, -0.07233904284259228, 0.055147566024073696, 0.031210488298499626, -0.2128776512874214, 0.07003306105496898, 0.44376817577811956, -0.18196913814937618, -0.368687030821018, -0.11880581815765329, -0.3750271584634503, -0.06339969672232768, 0.09568024569267586, 0.06205744742198962, 0.0024380665400052723, 0.08243032572918559, -0.07942156719477618, -0.0513232359662652, -0.16598914596826247, 0.25682472973768533, 0.11973692105496175, 0.29545050117582694, 0.07176777976246117, 0.013431162254451073, 0.015762524768608073, 0.14383236031775196, -0.02220104161445817, -0.16016847740425028, 0.15833251036652554, 0.2927804063903551, -0.0981098668943223, 0.18680845031974047, -0.5210403653040324, -0.15028485557868157, -0.0647921909463324, 0.16059294402318663, 0.15079302519834153, -0.06718074445682896, -0.3218926145561192, 0.008065904579954604, -0.06699113439360302, -0.15101957331373267, -0.07842249455160066, -0.024539747090423353, 0.022809694313814174, -0.1932967562636692, 0.07617654995865202, -0.033320294846206494, 0.08680289596140191, -0.13839674878814448, -0.1668920993855963, -0.10873555839827208, 0.028548113153354353, -0.05083997703272186, 0.03664364694332232, 0.28323866720375135, -0.03655119422721128, -0.1088062932217264, 0.3487364197889828, -0.04360504865376055, -0.06551006433796393, 0.2297332021088837, -0.20795636861393713, -0.054782050983878235, 0.25724953459894717, 0.0925602787939755, 0.08521110003125178, -0.06901921657845378, 0.053389943176912376, 0.028909187016000794, 0.25391189207973547, 0.19240752339669287, 0.11680070942025376, 0.202406577083397, 0.17582917935533882, 0.0608294996598812, 0.08483455589117661, -0.1873866879821385, -0.008499818413888346, -0.14115406331695515, -0.1358919521468398, -0.199458359128298, 0.02114926029175316, -0.002347046311040511, -0.25071822754936673, 0.37069844846192695, -0.0030301279732829903, 0.25525689796761497, 0.0003084228039170577, 0.24140803911404252, 0.10042857329125121, 0.14917855006834008, -0.04689766157877772, 0.19654354740776223, 0.19769688829945478, 0.044591531840038216, -0.3008763007436917, -0.006361397168254608, -0.002620552781305901]
709.2797
Comments On " Orbits of automorphism groups of fields"
Let $R$ be a commutative $k-$algebra over a field $k$. Assume $R$ is a noetherian, infinite, integral domain. The group of $k-$automorphisms of $R$,i.e.$Aut_k(R)$ acts in a natural way on $(R-k)$.In the first part of this article, we study the structure of $R$ when the orbit space $(R-k)/Aut_k(R)$ is finite.We note that most of the results, not particularly relevent to fields, in [1,\S 2] hold in this case as well. Moreover, we prove that $R$ is a field. In the second part, we study a special case of the Conjecture 2.1 in [1] : If $K/k$ is a non trivial field extension where $k$ is algebraically closed and $\mid (K-k)/Aut_k(K) \mid = 1$ then $K$ is algebraically closed. In the end, we give an elementary proof of [1,Theorem 1.1] in case $K$ is finitely generated over its prime subfield.
math.AC
let r be a commutative kalgebra over a field k assume r is a noetherian infinite integral domain the group of kautomorphisms of rieaut_kr acts in a natural way on rkin the first part of this article we study the structure of r when the orbit space rkaut_kr is finitewe note that most of the results not particularly relevent to fields in 1s 2 hold in this case as well moreover we prove that r is a field in the second part we study a special case of the conjecture 21 in 1 if kk is a non trivial field extension where k is algebraically closed and mid kkaut_kk mid 1 then k is algebraically closed in the end we give an elementary proof of 1theorem 11 in case k is finitely generated over its prime subfield
[['let', 'r', 'be', 'a', 'commutative', 'kalgebra', 'over', 'a', 'field', 'k', 'assume', 'r', 'is', 'a', 'noetherian', 'infinite', 'integral', 'domain', 'the', 'group', 'of', 'kautomorphisms', 'of', 'rieaut_kr', 'acts', 'in', 'a', 'natural', 'way', 'on', 'rkin', 'the', 'first', 'part', 'of', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'r', 'when', 'the', 'orbit', 'space', 'rkaut_kr', 'is', 'finitewe', 'note', 'that', 'most', 'of', 'the', 'results', 'not', 'particularly', 'relevent', 'to', 'fields', 'in', '1s', '2', 'hold', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'as', 'well', 'moreover', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'r', 'is', 'a', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'second', 'part', 'we', 'study', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'conjecture', '21', 'in', '1', 'if', 'kk', 'is', 'a', 'non', 'trivial', 'field', 'extension', 'where', 'k', 'is', 'algebraically', 'closed', 'and', 'mid', 'kkaut_kk', 'mid', '1', 'then', 'k', 'is', 'algebraically', 'closed', 'in', 'the', 'end', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'elementary', 'proof', 'of', '1theorem', '11', 'in', 'case', 'k', 'is', 'finitely', 'generated', 'over', 'its', 'prime', 'subfield']]
[-0.22044972880658778, 0.10183288239458113, -0.10796302991785166, 0.015271512143292719, -0.07188311121497078, -0.13611374195721565, -0.03698816444640132, 0.3467930054052197, -0.29995664364083274, -0.18693984270265157, 0.10301934276217115, -0.25092120929691714, -0.11160364012793059, 0.20049470282780626, -0.07436653633538465, -0.11698468339278462, -0.0026421499007318, 0.16725264876643478, -0.025818653986789286, -0.29926058995558624, 0.34290667004516406, -0.04080317182965563, 0.13918489012620272, 0.04204201059782821, 0.05028780194168741, 0.02833599859723384, 0.0010392107422266042, 0.041776201918599494, -0.16099583852921956, 0.05879149062446121, 0.31421631746784306, 0.09410991698545827, 0.28531084415876784, -0.32704852774711046, -0.13319555920315906, 0.17633311053611, 0.1841208148274966, 0.028465736693540362, -0.02305846874404586, -0.20031306738294943, 0.18330001023555684, -0.1836290538494447, -0.11918327560874098, -0.009908118218211739, 0.11137119838244733, -0.03643011330330575, -0.30369016440862184, -0.014788533885483488, 0.13799049327975477, 0.18175814069355978, -0.05700912322252848, -0.09370785826732489, 0.02087150996896636, 0.053861523850752165, 0.01798453215671929, 0.10548801344791145, 0.06656466225500811, -0.08830917642317769, -0.07128629238088086, 0.368808845199193, -0.1353924360380254, -0.17901281069851283, 0.12580292169084054, -0.22393901903309266, -0.12620242394394043, 0.1122355041434551, 0.08594114084685729, 0.19832156854328897, -0.058384318313156575, 0.2759990461984699, -0.14315495946952564, 0.12299674774068549, 0.03960359682836993, -0.009094583096377777, 0.1452365601646968, 0.1024120512725362, 0.08976426441222429, 0.15084423898511115, -0.023402604494935298, 0.004853937584398823, -0.39354865374325804, -0.2197437291421617, -0.17970639369521063, 0.15351100006525734, -0.04879748052553623, -0.13346611828345692, 0.39286784334884334, 0.0988001870256002, 0.18420756818853656, 0.06276751034469767, 0.2460419355581204, 0.06936192824275966, 0.02991148029016613, 0.11054362059980066, 0.1203372161447381, 0.19721294737907805, 0.01141594081348034, -0.11384329785505543, -0.04313969670682016, 0.09518218234139071]
709.2798
The twist subgroup of the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface
Let T(N) be the subgroup of the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface N (possibly with punctures and/or boundary components) generated by twists about two-sided circles. We obtain a simple generating set for T(N). As an application we compute the first homology group (abelianization) of T(N).
math.GT
let tn be the subgroup of the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface n possibly with punctures andor boundary components generated by twists about twosided circles we obtain a simple generating set for tn as an application we compute the first homology group abelianization of tn
[['let', 'tn', 'be', 'the', 'subgroup', 'of', 'the', 'mapping', 'class', 'group', 'of', 'a', 'nonorientable', 'surface', 'n', 'possibly', 'with', 'punctures', 'andor', 'boundary', 'components', 'generated', 'by', 'twists', 'about', 'twosided', 'circles', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'simple', 'generating', 'set', 'for', 'tn', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'first', 'homology', 'group', 'abelianization', 'of', 'tn']]
[-0.22751019351144738, 0.10912246765609722, -0.056997931780333216, -0.0014877463988167174, -0.12863432382173995, -0.1310707690550926, 0.036561017538955874, 0.3540496249148186, -0.3131090195730646, -0.25168787299635564, 0.14645006787527273, -0.3000841739171363, -0.11262314043879668, 0.21116553619503975, -0.09222296055683747, -0.07723936864591026, -0.018115676265764744, 0.1362665414195904, -0.10181356260077433, -0.24003319620610553, 0.3637549110113623, -0.06384722644740597, 0.139380545721964, 0.00024233817895676226, 0.09280297041256377, -0.01698724700613542, 0.028467496738154838, 0.0027126947348501454, -0.13765692627651893, 0.12990869877939212, 0.292172985091964, 0.01496392978910119, 0.12283591002701445, -0.39616528327794787, -0.20305587906152645, 0.18566051674412287, 0.10919575403107608, -0.011581251536436538, -0.06441072432046875, -0.3009350598651044, 0.1309286816679734, -0.17722974495684846, -0.19194196315204842, -0.10891440706922019, 0.05334447443168214, -0.05515292342355911, -0.22749284100025258, -0.028986225558563748, 0.08560907466218193, 0.17015898328750056, -0.04780123249053004, -0.08519558390562838, -0.05409460805574472, 0.18074395398589524, 0.029177097494694146, 0.09560590729791116, 0.11250706156715751, -0.0924333280863914, -0.12937903170414428, 0.36713040334747193, -0.10118260317818915, -0.16908782569968955, 0.11700599151168098, -0.16095567677923023, -0.17883305388324439, 0.15998895534690707, 0.10869586844235024, 0.16137345339310297, -0.04681911573131034, 0.17815738773726403, -0.12368513768330772, 0.11746542584745491, 0.09106630223624884, -0.11050908604359373, 0.1730687849723952, 0.06832328412008096, 0.13490523783687597, 0.19709294790431778, -0.021055203669288373, 0.07212981183398912, -0.38235664478641873, -0.24606405640456905, -0.17659631919393198, 0.17058819200486897, -0.16547191964383137, -0.2020140557767863, 0.39720538975869085, 0.009103363102420848, 0.22911445593382132, 0.16962459010438638, 0.1762319356995694, 0.07875738972135413, 0.054075076819417325, 0.16779305474793024, -0.05230130489043733, 0.21967239044309456, -0.1483105085988311, -0.16231243322266542, -0.03678787675032273, 0.23910157120925316]
709.2799
Supersymmetric SU(5) GUT with Stabilized Moduli
We construct a minimal example of a supersymmetric grand unified model in a toroidal compactification of type I string theory with magnetized D9-branes. All geometric moduli are stabilized in terms of the background internal magnetic fluxes which are of "oblique" type (mutually non-commuting). The gauge symmetry is just SU(5) and the gauge non-singlet chiral spectrum contains only three families of quarks and leptons transforming in the $10+{\bar 5}$ representations.
hep-th hep-ph
we construct a minimal example of a supersymmetric grand unified model in a toroidal compactification of type i string theory with magnetized d9branes all geometric moduli are stabilized in terms of the background internal magnetic fluxes which are of oblique type mutually noncommuting the gauge symmetry is just su5 and the gauge nonsinglet chiral spectrum contains only three families of quarks and leptons transforming in the 10bar 5 representations
[['we', 'construct', 'a', 'minimal', 'example', 'of', 'a', 'supersymmetric', 'grand', 'unified', 'model', 'in', 'a', 'toroidal', 'compactification', 'of', 'type', 'i', 'string', 'theory', 'with', 'magnetized', 'd9branes', 'all', 'geometric', 'moduli', 'are', 'stabilized', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'background', 'internal', 'magnetic', 'fluxes', 'which', 'are', 'of', 'oblique', 'type', 'mutually', 'noncommuting', 'the', 'gauge', 'symmetry', 'is', 'just', 'su5', 'and', 'the', 'gauge', 'nonsinglet', 'chiral', 'spectrum', 'contains', 'only', 'three', 'families', 'of', 'quarks', 'and', 'leptons', 'transforming', 'in', 'the', '10bar', '5', 'representations']]
[-0.16443596361204982, 0.2873528212388181, -0.016355227867978207, 0.12070210320382392, -0.09346144653829759, -0.1392840376407232, -0.05598844113536989, 0.33912875169240264, -0.17288171715926434, -0.2731332253711973, 0.05243363935817573, -0.24311802524101475, -0.05944686561849886, 0.0803084941547148, -0.0397048345024603, -0.03312247053490601, -0.04162615040938059, 0.036744043123031006, -0.10435312958029301, -0.25955913323855057, 0.3239747354207371, -0.09582213204408037, 0.2468349873425736, -0.023030534243224647, 0.10691779512453123, -0.029485295322534723, -0.02029469609260559, -0.04917114614036636, -0.06959107324508006, 0.1498406255968671, 0.18896775943078642, 0.044866754275247236, 0.051664958664121616, -0.42482238438358344, -0.17494012702904319, 0.1423226323356663, 0.1407724093321873, 0.11984702966182723, -0.021900210475576096, -0.2513557682758656, 0.07451709994263407, -0.20042997347595898, -0.16153525225345747, -0.10624439838558328, -0.05128057479210522, -0.06952923653728288, -0.2956120663632949, 0.06271605593138847, 0.0271966893468862, 0.09907653501284296, -0.07089018405320635, -0.10609299354963815, -0.12675730813888536, -0.0027413722735060296, 0.1301835296301009, 0.0611593585640219, 0.10793580529634314, -0.19657791852976358, -0.15880288784324692, 0.41029807477109675, -0.03974313440098279, -0.2258272608202221, 0.1317544400125094, -0.12103971357092909, -0.18645765137035344, 0.11986675556492654, 0.1057423929805341, 0.14486373184869686, -0.14023403427901043, 0.23200658749134373, -0.09855294133118098, 0.10457357169344914, 0.10255559575001615, 0.04330259742741675, 0.2728257803246379, 0.13903658267488514, 0.010047227144241333, 0.08122450282014367, -0.03234787920381928, -0.10737315841370086, -0.48510712912927073, -0.10700421712185809, -0.06315671256912089, 0.12489745239524738, -0.13397189201340012, -0.19187302354966168, 0.45831194592882757, 0.03244432123998801, 0.17876948455375605, -0.015020520562994416, 0.20775826295594807, 0.03820506333494964, 0.07059103267375326, 0.037284976100900036, 0.21118754861822378, 0.1798912203344314, 0.007111666604296129, -0.19566531743233403, -0.1641565850316682, 0.21507925722424104]
709.28
The Broad Line Region of Quasars
The last decade saw long-awaited improvements in our understanding of active galactic nuclei (AGN) spectral properties. This contribution reviews some important observational results obtained from optical and UV data as well as constraints on physical parameters that control the structure and dynamics of the Broad Line Region.
astro-ph
the last decade saw longawaited improvements in our understanding of active galactic nuclei agn spectral properties this contribution reviews some important observational results obtained from optical and uv data as well as constraints on physical parameters that control the structure and dynamics of the broad line region
[['the', 'last', 'decade', 'saw', 'longawaited', 'improvements', 'in', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'spectral', 'properties', 'this', 'contribution', 'reviews', 'some', 'important', 'observational', 'results', 'obtained', 'from', 'optical', 'and', 'uv', 'data', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'constraints', 'on', 'physical', 'parameters', 'that', 'control', 'the', 'structure', 'and', 'dynamics', 'of', 'the', 'broad', 'line', 'region']]
[-0.03442833004420266, 0.04599436494383089, -0.04238185634281724, 0.08397570756472092, -0.10941420305282512, -0.054836248186357475, 0.0654383631066439, 0.4240656057570843, -0.20989713585251904, -0.3458866511887692, 0.1248835771854848, -0.27476888102419833, -0.11777511888996084, 0.2700915980212232, -0.012147289508225476, 0.03419412354482932, 0.04577506456444872, -0.07320123662220988, -0.03699158920232761, -0.22028276470410538, 0.28859600500064964, 0.12089627015186434, 0.2447794767881823, 0.07410287849129514, 0.047408172536264864, -0.020171578091747584, -0.0975252661180306, -0.008577481427408279, -0.16325060843488207, 0.12070376802473626, 0.28654975947388944, 0.1582381918610252, 0.23777322879833904, -0.38377257107578694, -0.31538262111233906, 0.04187183533894255, 0.17546485322824817, 0.059898088705983565, -0.12068716556755231, -0.25091920743518054, -0.04217515159844163, -0.14321625032561255, -0.14623407059487828, 0.0011153521531439843, 0.03929104578701106, 0.06533820443647972, -0.16244720649395256, 0.01524526205785731, 0.0571058562367243, 0.08650419306247792, -0.12823426661061796, -0.1587428785563308, -0.03618150323312333, 0.15191515762002228, 0.09645000789710816, 0.02775909165118603, 0.20790934895581387, -0.1948482724986574, -0.1285369723658771, 0.3862234464192644, -0.050898740186970284, 0.00895674522728362, 0.1794727500627174, -0.1675619296184642, -0.19094012763866403, 0.13776827296440272, 0.2089904330155634, 0.09086071818749955, -0.1386074718456973, 0.05716327392803307, -0.051451514524586024, 0.17590780159894456, -0.05872847657016617, 0.14369600600107235, 0.2523702661249232, 0.17126334938121604, 0.021593670083328763, 0.07554075444374789, -0.12730092979828886, -0.09835225811347048, -0.31040082242775785, -0.049503555303399865, -0.10057872966764138, 0.07108031777774003, -0.11510042177372057, -0.09499895300200963, 0.4299235269030992, 0.13905109278857708, 0.26267116829911447, -0.023844640186809478, 0.3420623492528784, 0.010704783164212441, 0.08061863669253727, 0.02585936500195493, 0.37206695710390586, 0.14862811578279164, 0.13405007322100884, -0.21742169742789516, 0.061672446337786124, 0.006327702901623351]
709.2801
Analogies between analysis on foliated spaces and arithmetic geometry
We point out analogies between (a) the explicit formulas in analytic number theory and transversal index theory, (b) Lichtenbaum's recent conjectures on special values of Hasse-Weil zeta functions and a formula for special values of Ruelle zeta functions, (c) work of Cramer on the zeroes of the Riemann zeta function and a result of Chazarain on the trace of a wave operator. These analogies suggest certain problems in the analysis on foliated spaces. The paper is mostly a review of previous work but the ideas concerning (c) are new.
math.NT math.DS
we point out analogies between a the explicit formulas in analytic number theory and transversal index theory b lichtenbaums recent conjectures on special values of hasseweil zeta functions and a formula for special values of ruelle zeta functions c work of cramer on the zeroes of the riemann zeta function and a result of chazarain on the trace of a wave operator these analogies suggest certain problems in the analysis on foliated spaces the paper is mostly a review of previous work but the ideas concerning c are new
[['we', 'point', 'out', 'analogies', 'between', 'a', 'the', 'explicit', 'formulas', 'in', 'analytic', 'number', 'theory', 'and', 'transversal', 'index', 'theory', 'b', 'lichtenbaums', 'recent', 'conjectures', 'on', 'special', 'values', 'of', 'hasseweil', 'zeta', 'functions', 'and', 'a', 'formula', 'for', 'special', 'values', 'of', 'ruelle', 'zeta', 'functions', 'c', 'work', 'of', 'cramer', 'on', 'the', 'zeroes', 'of', 'the', 'riemann', 'zeta', 'function', 'and', 'a', 'result', 'of', 'chazarain', 'on', 'the', 'trace', 'of', 'a', 'wave', 'operator', 'these', 'analogies', 'suggest', 'certain', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'analysis', 'on', 'foliated', 'spaces', 'the', 'paper', 'is', 'mostly', 'a', 'review', 'of', 'previous', 'work', 'but', 'the', 'ideas', 'concerning', 'c', 'are', 'new']]
[-0.18120458138715054, 0.049717873366634274, -0.12927642588461327, 0.10442817661599045, -0.08005653497424316, -0.10817735411480746, 0.09032316406294492, 0.290033592525023, -0.2129969832127575, -0.22768805437424983, 0.0811307632856452, -0.2642613683975386, -0.22557799717072735, 0.25632353291042487, -0.06042719118489582, 0.07696651025782392, 0.038857251942813906, 0.045718391658738256, -0.14692647046070884, -0.21617229508278382, 0.4098676001674242, 0.0022525093094869094, 0.20595232948703182, 0.13852425311184066, 0.043451080289246005, 0.006502020061651076, -0.08818479759660973, -0.03476853152229027, -0.18719801609933545, 0.15006511005445977, 0.2132906651928682, 0.09371076513674449, 0.2840838077033616, -0.3772680237360129, -0.19494921986055982, 0.08449243963960643, 0.08106229106372419, 0.002629748958332295, 0.010647369088308717, -0.24391337401572277, 0.046364310051351575, -0.1343828083904968, -0.1598775351462378, -0.04554578008934517, 0.0676849795484238, 0.06995744356589223, -0.2509296288692646, 0.051593297663864425, 0.07523494873153554, 0.13125399825036188, -0.08627990713946267, -0.19077801876913078, 0.02275649859273637, 0.04647340762577104, 0.10370037013887089, 0.07460969975959002, 0.06607265866213394, -0.12848055521449583, -0.10340585762804205, 0.28032020369375293, -0.03334553905402903, -0.22634197458286176, 0.14777532538706015, -0.16399931767955422, -0.20587385843232783, 0.03579439519407143, 0.14123112928990106, 0.2197831841926514, -0.03260481752328236, 0.17366813508256615, -0.13508074242070672, 0.07091089597518228, 0.1430435718979094, -0.0008996303447268226, 0.18511800988661972, 2.549977084113793e-06, 0.007664338844320314, 0.1270942839751528, 0.007539156934151172, -0.11681905205411815, -0.3766427435700528, -0.21298787573521788, -0.18341035141863607, 0.09594795410703227, -0.11478150579817091, -0.22643496419980444, 0.4126951056109233, 0.08779226982733235, 0.22179217742417345, 0.12054277034688064, 0.224525825813709, 0.15556812159907582, 0.023343207524290352, 0.0050324316041290085, 0.14654892251498744, 0.24120318090850065, 0.06980239059802526, -0.12731578286779535, 0.012595429255849343, 0.20219248468162154]
709.2802
The importance of probability interference in social science: rationale and experiment
Probability interference is a fundamental characteristic of quantum mechanics. In this paper we attempt to show with the help of some examples, where this fundamental trait of quantum physics can be found back in a social science environment. In order to support our thesis that interference can possibly be found back in many other macro-scopic areas, we proceed in setting up an experimental test.
physics.gen-ph
probability interference is a fundamental characteristic of quantum mechanics in this paper we attempt to show with the help of some examples where this fundamental trait of quantum physics can be found back in a social science environment in order to support our thesis that interference can possibly be found back in many other macroscopic areas we proceed in setting up an experimental test
[['probability', 'interference', 'is', 'a', 'fundamental', 'characteristic', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'attempt', 'to', 'show', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'some', 'examples', 'where', 'this', 'fundamental', 'trait', 'of', 'quantum', 'physics', 'can', 'be', 'found', 'back', 'in', 'a', 'social', 'science', 'environment', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'support', 'our', 'thesis', 'that', 'interference', 'can', 'possibly', 'be', 'found', 'back', 'in', 'many', 'other', 'macroscopic', 'areas', 'we', 'proceed', 'in', 'setting', 'up', 'an', 'experimental', 'test']]
[-0.07881454528614995, 0.13093038382635314, -0.1273398319608532, 0.067682995886571, -0.06915345793095184, -0.1281378008570755, 0.04404306484684639, 0.34533521402045153, -0.3200267244828865, -0.3041762610519072, 0.04449661206854216, -0.24363975995220244, -0.23960845320834778, 0.2023557248758152, -0.1307554526720196, 0.04301953219692223, 0.03125433130480815, 0.09048386226641014, 0.017905311458889628, -0.2773869655793533, 0.30133753042900935, 0.03005512164600077, 0.2588709044503048, 0.07107430807809578, 0.004267369935405441, -0.0693605084597948, -0.005073990934761241, 0.04226224641024601, -0.09756841744513167, 0.1083511209981225, 0.3662070342252264, 0.1370946292881854, 0.324241517460905, -0.4529328827338759, -0.23086494989047424, 0.09680247242067708, 0.1649631334003061, 0.15994168281758903, -0.0544421331724152, -0.30554163591295946, 0.0510817700996995, -0.15304361208109185, -0.12607384807779454, -0.04678231622528983, -0.04129507909237873, -0.026385055185528472, -0.2102248940791469, 0.02254659531172365, 0.04835541406646371, 0.03696289868094027, 0.00887893507751869, -0.0632208063325379, 0.07960895127689582, 0.1675584334807354, 0.0331556277051277, 0.03933445056190976, 0.09627823411574354, -0.12708361288969172, -0.1715315502951853, 0.4153302522026934, -0.010114187311046408, -0.1836570178566035, 0.23106992748944322, -0.16891829362430144, -0.16310418827197282, 0.05471837683580816, 0.22731289455259684, 0.05788258280517766, -0.16043068782164482, 0.0819504676037468, -0.030320904734253418, 0.16602219545166008, 0.061296054380363785, 0.03806845995859476, 0.22754192844149657, 0.1361508015106665, 0.03811486974791478, 0.14024120387512085, -0.04216399491633638, -0.14939376978145447, -0.32206537522142753, -0.2281950122269336, -0.15535441019164864, 0.11676061699108686, -0.023090697672159877, -0.08114749024389312, 0.37269400226068683, 0.21140161069342867, 0.18663084392028395, 0.00041837365097308066, 0.27423138041922357, 0.0882791616513714, 0.011280823382548988, 0.026504113302507903, 0.2303622167987669, 0.11366236332105473, 0.09130094417196233, -0.17993995044525946, 0.06735188342281617, -0.033825090642494615]
709.2803
High-Precision Thermodynamic and Critical Properties from Tensor Renormalization-Group Flows
The recently developed tensor renormalization-group (TRG) method provides a highly precise technique for deriving thermodynamic and critical properties of lattice Hamiltonians. The TRG is a local coarse-graining transformation, with the elements of the tensor at each lattice site playing the part of the interactions that undergo the renormalization-group flows. These tensor flows are directly related to the phase diagram structure of the infinite system, with each phase flowing to a distinct surface of fixed points. Fixed-point analysis and summation along the flows give the critical exponents, as well as thermodynamic functions along the entire temperature range. Thus, for the ferromagnetic triangular lattice Ising model, the free energy is calculated to better than 10^-5 along the entire temperature range. Unlike previous position-space renormalization-group methods, the truncation (of the tensor index range D) in this general method converges under straightforward and systematic improvements. Our best results are easily obtained with D = 24, corresponding to 4624-dimensional renormalization-group flows.
cond-mat.stat-mech
the recently developed tensor renormalizationgroup trg method provides a highly precise technique for deriving thermodynamic and critical properties of lattice hamiltonians the trg is a local coarsegraining transformation with the elements of the tensor at each lattice site playing the part of the interactions that undergo the renormalizationgroup flows these tensor flows are directly related to the phase diagram structure of the infinite system with each phase flowing to a distinct surface of fixed points fixedpoint analysis and summation along the flows give the critical exponents as well as thermodynamic functions along the entire temperature range thus for the ferromagnetic triangular lattice ising model the free energy is calculated to better than 105 along the entire temperature range unlike previous positionspace renormalizationgroup methods the truncation of the tensor index range d in this general method converges under straightforward and systematic improvements our best results are easily obtained with d 24 corresponding to 4624dimensional renormalizationgroup flows
[['the', 'recently', 'developed', 'tensor', 'renormalizationgroup', 'trg', 'method', 'provides', 'a', 'highly', 'precise', 'technique', 'for', 'deriving', 'thermodynamic', 'and', 'critical', 'properties', 'of', 'lattice', 'hamiltonians', 'the', 'trg', 'is', 'a', 'local', 'coarsegraining', 'transformation', 'with', 'the', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'tensor', 'at', 'each', 'lattice', 'site', 'playing', 'the', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'interactions', 'that', 'undergo', 'the', 'renormalizationgroup', 'flows', 'these', 'tensor', 'flows', 'are', 'directly', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'phase', 'diagram', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'infinite', 'system', 'with', 'each', 'phase', 'flowing', 'to', 'a', 'distinct', 'surface', 'of', 'fixed', 'points', 'fixedpoint', 'analysis', 'and', 'summation', 'along', 'the', 'flows', 'give', 'the', 'critical', 'exponents', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'thermodynamic', 'functions', 'along', 'the', 'entire', 'temperature', 'range', 'thus', 'for', 'the', 'ferromagnetic', 'triangular', 'lattice', 'ising', 'model', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'is', 'calculated', 'to', 'better', 'than', '105', 'along', 'the', 'entire', 'temperature', 'range', 'unlike', 'previous', 'positionspace', 'renormalizationgroup', 'methods', 'the', 'truncation', 'of', 'the', 'tensor', 'index', 'range', 'd', 'in', 'this', 'general', 'method', 'converges', 'under', 'straightforward', 'and', 'systematic', 'improvements', 'our', 'best', 'results', 'are', 'easily', 'obtained', 'with', 'd', '24', 'corresponding', 'to', '4624dimensional', 'renormalizationgroup', 'flows']]
[-0.13551042166798583, 0.16629518879586588, -0.1006377257467943, 0.010531774480893676, -0.04554839299647016, -0.11429695387419264, 0.05050818587641244, 0.3499368620142885, -0.2635881385899016, -0.25791000294825667, 0.08317907671852327, -0.2852664208704872, -0.1178680317500582, 0.18173394489174635, 0.06121715528674291, 0.07698501553688827, 0.03135843646664221, 0.02139641140896053, -0.14268507488229154, -0.21415310263990534, 0.29109806135333105, 0.04939489381375735, 0.3072559226141009, 0.06296329652284297, 0.0559089879094103, 0.02166892131548617, -0.00044014168504093377, 0.04517415280502241, -0.16940417371913466, 0.07852559635875286, 0.21766257174324408, 0.0030358118948514584, 0.1783077700816506, -0.37535824880681257, -0.2474856180208433, 0.06821034852318562, 0.14170336897648242, 0.11292160885989086, 0.00698514772403695, -0.2542969796492101, 0.0886545626510104, -0.1771888128230832, -0.15325858720650823, -0.1368471319763014, -0.012189513973456311, -0.001017291756504058, -0.26544035769667923, 0.1091178277562561, 0.01135975560218749, 0.09294194657001766, -0.06709327025931668, -0.13471939753402362, -0.05140072034442096, 0.15789149393472676, 0.03596167169834862, 0.07481142213604376, 0.15205572792268418, -0.09254800916691734, -0.0723923806754219, 0.3770848168483512, -0.06599915958534663, -0.1833710904148492, 0.1905104551923933, -0.11375014142242151, -0.11834655292695026, 0.14983566985586538, 0.10695402392234604, 0.12333173006274072, -0.1481974214627619, 0.07754539781705137, -0.022589487347195483, 0.1345324874477606, 0.006511854570262231, -0.009739292680827127, 0.16570420638815342, 0.12445302250758782, 0.08523162693244876, 0.14448861566798568, -0.030801106800700164, -0.17190623971748517, -0.3092106767724474, -0.12468287689224272, -0.17332625504229338, 0.025171062141783874, -0.19076641650793713, -0.2074312140043317, 0.41820767088853694, 0.15228790817358953, 0.21125885327316385, 0.05635240343217919, 0.26649424756647316, 0.1287676930093424, 0.08312854099438174, 0.08716749315234748, 0.2142330258903275, 0.16423670246640776, 0.10482276193555687, -0.22996638376604428, -0.00399323185760673, 0.17075233187453895]
709.2804
The Color Antisymmetric Ghost Propagator and One-Loop Vertex Renormalization
The color matrix elements of the ghost triangle diagram that appears in the triple gluon vertex and the ghost-ghost-gluon triangle diagram that appears in the ghost-gluon-ghost vertex are calculated. The ghost-ghost-gluon triangle contains a loop consisting of two color diagonal ghosts and one gluon and a loop consisting of two color antisymmetric ghosts and one gluon. Consequently, the pQCD argument in the infrared region based on the one particle irreducible diagram should be modified. Implications for the Kugo-Ojima color confinement and the QCD running coupling are discussed.
hep-ph hep-lat
the color matrix elements of the ghost triangle diagram that appears in the triple gluon vertex and the ghostghostgluon triangle diagram that appears in the ghostgluonghost vertex are calculated the ghostghostgluon triangle contains a loop consisting of two color diagonal ghosts and one gluon and a loop consisting of two color antisymmetric ghosts and one gluon consequently the pqcd argument in the infrared region based on the one particle irreducible diagram should be modified implications for the kugoojima color confinement and the qcd running coupling are discussed
[['the', 'color', 'matrix', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'ghost', 'triangle', 'diagram', 'that', 'appears', 'in', 'the', 'triple', 'gluon', 'vertex', 'and', 'the', 'ghostghostgluon', 'triangle', 'diagram', 'that', 'appears', 'in', 'the', 'ghostgluonghost', 'vertex', 'are', 'calculated', 'the', 'ghostghostgluon', 'triangle', 'contains', 'a', 'loop', 'consisting', 'of', 'two', 'color', 'diagonal', 'ghosts', 'and', 'one', 'gluon', 'and', 'a', 'loop', 'consisting', 'of', 'two', 'color', 'antisymmetric', 'ghosts', 'and', 'one', 'gluon', 'consequently', 'the', 'pqcd', 'argument', 'in', 'the', 'infrared', 'region', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'one', 'particle', 'irreducible', 'diagram', 'should', 'be', 'modified', 'implications', 'for', 'the', 'kugoojima', 'color', 'confinement', 'and', 'the', 'qcd', 'running', 'coupling', 'are', 'discussed']]
[-0.1245153715487483, 0.23441441964864362, -0.14591329567524236, 0.10841308575296818, -0.0857185896291116, -0.13499024015483121, -0.003384620362762795, 0.3718073579677662, -0.17586383750465248, -0.1901696890072767, 0.05400461975490501, -0.2831679146336175, -0.0878657806166556, 0.05271675755394363, -0.01740756841291143, -0.0029867938773836507, 0.06115109478881539, 0.09802385391450899, -0.05185641643461273, -0.2293170002440727, 0.3693526183839801, -0.10596480406820774, 0.2192426917338094, 0.13663300507983497, 0.08285152172614944, 0.08075204568774287, -0.06711673846489988, 0.02796337228853169, -0.07272528526241225, 0.03262893715331894, 0.17443430176827796, 0.03291774390611884, 0.11779548861167588, -0.33872353149101486, -0.11534731004517092, 0.09234034338272935, 0.16251817538381316, 0.060198396964128625, -0.02654925792689197, -0.20894260458962255, 0.050997093633943516, -0.17600882826589567, -0.19085960464855267, 0.006505524770418983, -0.026969558185746156, -0.08361914697601351, -0.30995784355544076, 0.041750472553377584, 0.0016472590112582195, -0.004822869546884714, 0.040332099303689806, -0.230543413391705, -0.091257001565726, 0.10369278684253046, -0.022727564383341475, 0.10242128873725834, 0.13647338505942636, -0.24319507283000222, -0.1495265927176576, 0.40302179545857186, -0.027767884875322845, -0.13565968945189272, 0.11569312874628447, -0.15758949532281868, -0.1420918317446702, 0.11463756508432156, 0.0242846421951558, 0.06283307087954221, -0.17361925409153797, 0.14991681062992726, -0.021627687868055735, 0.11630325958533429, 0.13259386935076395, 0.0901266478251146, 0.23009901291279253, 0.08622164173095032, 0.0059977383840136055, 0.16981678547981996, -0.07578341780652748, -0.14758690414127223, -0.41221010988188345, -0.09039303547226239, -0.13194313932881627, -0.03093965459874896, -0.19994028878508563, -0.21276342820072935, 0.4158573369820451, 0.06776939801395286, 0.16759012389094244, -0.06631566732472112, 0.29593617636926994, 0.10680009921752782, 0.14244999823182128, 0.05174005487500582, 0.2611343001968466, 0.1807404680848988, 0.05607967477069821, -0.2993199460988128, -0.0725776180363535, 0.2233282321073158]
709.2805
Evidence for Quasar Activity Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in HST Observations of Dust-reddened Quasars
We present Hubble ACS images of thirteen dust reddened Type-1 quasars selected from the FIRST/2MASS Red Quasar Survey. These quasars have high intrinsic luminosities after correction for dust obscuration (-23.5 > M_B > -26.2 from K-magnitude). The images show strong evidence of recent or ongoing interaction in eleven of the thirteen cases, even before the quasar nucleus is subtracted. None of the host galaxies are well fit by a simple elliptical profile. The fraction of quasars showing interaction is significantly higher than the 30% seen in samples of host galaxies of normal, unobscured quasars. There is a weak correlation between the amount of dust reddening and the magnitude of interaction in the host galaxy, measured using the Gini coefficient and the Concentration index. Although few host galaxy studies of normal quasars are matched to ours in intrinsic quasar luminosity, no evidence has been found for a strong dependence of merger activity on host luminosity in samples of the host galaxies of normal quasars. We thus believe that the high merger fraction in our sample is related to their obscured nature, with a significant amount of reddening occurring in the host galaxy. The red quasar phenomenon seems to have an evolutionary explanation, with the young quasar spending the early part of its lifetime enshrouded in an interacting galaxy. This might be further indication of a link between AGN and starburst galaxies.
astro-ph
we present hubble acs images of thirteen dust reddened type1 quasars selected from the first2mass red quasar survey these quasars have high intrinsic luminosities after correction for dust obscuration 235 m_b 262 from kmagnitude the images show strong evidence of recent or ongoing interaction in eleven of the thirteen cases even before the quasar nucleus is subtracted none of the host galaxies are well fit by a simple elliptical profile the fraction of quasars showing interaction is significantly higher than the 30 seen in samples of host galaxies of normal unobscured quasars there is a weak correlation between the amount of dust reddening and the magnitude of interaction in the host galaxy measured using the gini coefficient and the concentration index although few host galaxy studies of normal quasars are matched to ours in intrinsic quasar luminosity no evidence has been found for a strong dependence of merger activity on host luminosity in samples of the host galaxies of normal quasars we thus believe that the high merger fraction in our sample is related to their obscured nature with a significant amount of reddening occurring in the host galaxy the red quasar phenomenon seems to have an evolutionary explanation with the young quasar spending the early part of its lifetime enshrouded in an interacting galaxy this might be further indication of a link between agn and starburst galaxies
[['we', 'present', 'hubble', 'acs', 'images', 'of', 'thirteen', 'dust', 'reddened', 'type1', 'quasars', 'selected', 'from', 'the', 'first2mass', 'red', 'quasar', 'survey', 'these', 'quasars', 'have', 'high', 'intrinsic', 'luminosities', 'after', 'correction', 'for', 'dust', 'obscuration', '235', 'm_b', '262', 'from', 'kmagnitude', 'the', 'images', 'show', 'strong', 'evidence', 'of', 'recent', 'or', 'ongoing', 'interaction', 'in', 'eleven', 'of', 'the', 'thirteen', 'cases', 'even', 'before', 'the', 'quasar', 'nucleus', 'is', 'subtracted', 'none', 'of', 'the', 'host', 'galaxies', 'are', 'well', 'fit', 'by', 'a', 'simple', 'elliptical', 'profile', 'the', 'fraction', 'of', 'quasars', 'showing', 'interaction', 'is', 'significantly', 'higher', 'than', 'the', '30', 'seen', 'in', 'samples', 'of', 'host', 'galaxies', 'of', 'normal', 'unobscured', 'quasars', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'weak', 'correlation', 'between', 'the', 'amount', 'of', 'dust', 'reddening', 'and', 'the', 'magnitude', 'of', 'interaction', 'in', 'the', 'host', 'galaxy', 'measured', 'using', 'the', 'gini', 'coefficient', 'and', 'the', 'concentration', 'index', 'although', 'few', 'host', 'galaxy', 'studies', 'of', 'normal', 'quasars', 'are', 'matched', 'to', 'ours', 'in', 'intrinsic', 'quasar', 'luminosity', 'no', 'evidence', 'has', 'been', 'found', 'for', 'a', 'strong', 'dependence', 'of', 'merger', 'activity', 'on', 'host', 'luminosity', 'in', 'samples', 'of', 'the', 'host', 'galaxies', 'of', 'normal', 'quasars', 'we', 'thus', 'believe', 'that', 'the', 'high', 'merger', 'fraction', 'in', 'our', 'sample', 'is', 'related', 'to', 'their', 'obscured', 'nature', 'with', 'a', 'significant', 'amount', 'of', 'reddening', 'occurring', 'in', 'the', 'host', 'galaxy', 'the', 'red', 'quasar', 'phenomenon', 'seems', 'to', 'have', 'an', 'evolutionary', 'explanation', 'with', 'the', 'young', 'quasar', 'spending', 'the', 'early', 'part', 'of', 'its', 'lifetime', 'enshrouded', 'in', 'an', 'interacting', 'galaxy', 'this', 'might', 'be', 'further', 'indication', 'of', 'a', 'link', 'between', 'agn', 'and', 'starburst', 'galaxies']]
[-0.03196749780653862, 0.06132237892917035, -0.0696326870503917, 0.12056572525506724, -0.1149177469074187, -0.06764209372672587, 0.05478350368528545, 0.4884310937568284, -0.08595204430738497, -0.3589063968403232, 0.03500357370623469, -0.35321706123323293, -0.0237476265623659, 0.17930627321689635, -0.04820145048168406, -0.0725116794482139, 0.008748804363565062, -0.12387316326790473, -0.013292138633755314, -0.33758508531466586, 0.28648457381866155, 0.04933405247286653, 0.18120678394456932, -0.060009157728768116, 0.07125815116849385, -0.10531071061881161, -0.14117305620017936, -0.0010108903643173874, -0.11082261429171986, 0.021551439187309722, 0.2735406574555734, 0.12226453118063019, 0.24960929022595418, -0.28555874646167867, -0.1740545002384144, 0.11537675041153418, 0.21972485882763163, 0.06002156442876807, -0.11945239233165539, -0.2667642961248037, 0.05034869888964877, -0.21055246277593828, -0.16741752411338925, 0.11738869267221737, 0.07289920400587123, 0.01893712204305063, -0.16517192587356508, 0.2062813685798462, 0.022202419716019283, 0.12815076722395852, -0.10370181174795634, -0.07599848903013035, -0.10324451169856873, 0.06691175460991074, 0.046622220411990656, 0.06959392005968798, 0.1832760304219974, -0.19544833876844087, -0.018292976751374163, 0.39864655658439324, -0.024781679813538193, 0.06242549064827791, 0.22684862017386445, -0.22214725228402307, -0.16558498276904093, 0.15957994171747072, 0.16983621024011977, 0.09717495942267736, -0.14679051044789193, -0.03203303011602992, -0.035122811974009925, 0.2567619519847396, -0.018880349829008703, 0.09508169278591308, 0.32918300412864865, 0.08409477843905047, 0.01717021723283994, 0.10866304836950771, -0.1955043783527799, 0.02673003132957475, -0.21950790814987972, -0.08032836832040757, -0.1603835471670895, 0.15532243646591445, -0.1959376566226542, -0.11671453337297416, 0.3454411094436389, 0.07856884590154023, 0.26077243862694066, 0.05698945949093046, 0.2805783808672507, 0.06979935084165302, 0.14670147179940454, 0.07883602279655047, 0.38362696995599227, 0.16116569172121226, 0.04635226318159288, -0.22319595320272798, 0.1333815345378274, -0.0027120932977515878]
709.2806
Absolute Momentum Calibration of the HARP TPC
In the HARP experiment the large-angle spectrometer is using a cylindrical TPC as main tracking and particle identification detector. The momentum scale of reconstructed tracks in the TPC is the most important systematic error for the majority of kinematic bins used for the HARP measurements of the double-differential production cross-section of charged pions in proton interactions on nuclear targets at large angle. The HARP TPC operated with a number of hardware shortfalls and operational mistakes. Thus it was important to control and characterize its momentum calibration. While it was not possible to enter a direct particle beam into the sensitive volume of the TPC to calibrate the detector, a set of physical processes and detector properties were exploited to achieve a precise calibration of the apparatus. In the following we recall the main issues concerning the momentum measurement in the HARP TPC, and describe the cross-checks made to validate the momentum scale. As a conclusion, this analysis demonstrates that the measurement of momentum is correct within the published precision of 3%.
physics.ins-det
in the harp experiment the largeangle spectrometer is using a cylindrical tpc as main tracking and particle identification detector the momentum scale of reconstructed tracks in the tpc is the most important systematic error for the majority of kinematic bins used for the harp measurements of the doubledifferential production crosssection of charged pions in proton interactions on nuclear targets at large angle the harp tpc operated with a number of hardware shortfalls and operational mistakes thus it was important to control and characterize its momentum calibration while it was not possible to enter a direct particle beam into the sensitive volume of the tpc to calibrate the detector a set of physical processes and detector properties were exploited to achieve a precise calibration of the apparatus in the following we recall the main issues concerning the momentum measurement in the harp tpc and describe the crosschecks made to validate the momentum scale as a conclusion this analysis demonstrates that the measurement of momentum is correct within the published precision of 3
[['in', 'the', 'harp', 'experiment', 'the', 'largeangle', 'spectrometer', 'is', 'using', 'a', 'cylindrical', 'tpc', 'as', 'main', 'tracking', 'and', 'particle', 'identification', 'detector', 'the', 'momentum', 'scale', 'of', 'reconstructed', 'tracks', 'in', 'the', 'tpc', 'is', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'systematic', 'error', 'for', 'the', 'majority', 'of', 'kinematic', 'bins', 'used', 'for', 'the', 'harp', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'doubledifferential', 'production', 'crosssection', 'of', 'charged', 'pions', 'in', 'proton', 'interactions', 'on', 'nuclear', 'targets', 'at', 'large', 'angle', 'the', 'harp', 'tpc', 'operated', 'with', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'hardware', 'shortfalls', 'and', 'operational', 'mistakes', 'thus', 'it', 'was', 'important', 'to', 'control', 'and', 'characterize', 'its', 'momentum', 'calibration', 'while', 'it', 'was', 'not', 'possible', 'to', 'enter', 'a', 'direct', 'particle', 'beam', 'into', 'the', 'sensitive', 'volume', 'of', 'the', 'tpc', 'to', 'calibrate', 'the', 'detector', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'physical', 'processes', 'and', 'detector', 'properties', 'were', 'exploited', 'to', 'achieve', 'a', 'precise', 'calibration', 'of', 'the', 'apparatus', 'in', 'the', 'following', 'we', 'recall', 'the', 'main', 'issues', 'concerning', 'the', 'momentum', 'measurement', 'in', 'the', 'harp', 'tpc', 'and', 'describe', 'the', 'crosschecks', 'made', 'to', 'validate', 'the', 'momentum', 'scale', 'as', 'a', 'conclusion', 'this', 'analysis', 'demonstrates', 'that', 'the', 'measurement', 'of', 'momentum', 'is', 'correct', 'within', 'the', 'published', 'precision', 'of', '3']]
[-0.05933036129718799, 0.12818182969727276, -0.11668077204955132, 0.053465282932544746, -0.02032186126347348, -0.10879299324652594, -0.0036757041479607948, 0.3524222421236554, -0.19078429693652982, -0.3663345443858215, 0.07422088391259203, -0.3121825548689486, 0.03802706693892765, 0.20337582236885676, -0.033060012457413024, 0.1361054982857272, 0.1142106656875592, -0.0014755423779855346, -0.07956178341917312, -0.18003196470243366, 0.2510459185496234, 0.18239405452769403, 0.25764711194314954, 0.08653643853112794, 0.17612794224255887, 0.025178965017722363, -0.12751266537663086, 0.008364355973136879, -0.10727514248779241, 0.052813600304901426, 0.28190223476424003, 0.10514266870926782, 0.1678179092841408, -0.37949213754298566, -0.1100253558946414, 0.0704714007538128, 0.09983974595265517, 0.05267185968624657, -0.06857689507292006, -0.2828280043717452, 0.05355574474098128, -0.1812631112212936, -0.14869585820359357, -0.029082323805761267, -0.012687899289402173, 0.023998887784307966, -0.2470969867576676, 0.030430066156914536, 0.00941097153601242, 0.03241322758847205, -0.037412125174070526, -0.14798013176714556, 0.03834104194572707, 0.12620470093628555, 0.03540448585323641, 0.054720557406435756, 0.18846574806123537, -0.12707074925205425, -0.07615240158415154, 0.3666123361190596, -0.014370192811764472, -0.204582546905707, 0.1514515947463394, -0.22259381983690618, -0.11113531279448442, 0.1613558912309355, 0.22060422912615826, 0.07523088651482555, -0.20503194885578943, 0.029956164675538716, -0.006704045882399537, 0.20712350833308693, 0.0660653844835204, 0.029202684641635994, 0.1798983296564622, 0.24300476639839272, 0.06633319086476899, 0.1001756255680352, -0.1982973025511264, -0.05678702052580519, -0.37405609203861995, -0.1863912034681753, -0.1367884723698361, -0.0010517763513601956, -0.011638276891769946, -0.0826166771483003, 0.3948563897593508, 0.14819410943628047, 0.2051155254713189, -0.029090228419729143, 0.3665682250110988, 0.01078119411887887, 0.12467402098046844, -0.010214685165590187, 0.31807501223047224, 0.14871518490482014, 0.16244395566717532, -0.2532081464251057, 0.08683156780898571, 0.01123917875239593]
709.2807
Observations of VHE gamma-Ray Sources with the MAGIC Telescope
The MAGIC telescope with its 17m diameter mirror is today the largest operating single-dish Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). It is located on the Canary Island La Palma, at an altitude of 2200m above sea level, as part of the Roque de los Muchachos European Northern Observatory. The MAGIC telescope detects celestial very high energy gamma-radiation in the energy band between about 50 GeV and 10 TeV. Since Autumn of 2004 MAGIC has been taking data routinely, observing various objects like supernova remnants (SNRs), gamma-ray binaries, Pulsars, Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and Gamma-ray Bursts (GRB). We briefly describe the observational strategy, the procedure implemented for the data analysis, and discuss the results for individual sources. An outlook to the construction of the second MAGIC telescope is given.
astro-ph
the magic telescope with its 17m diameter mirror is today the largest operating singledish imaging air cherenkov telescope iact it is located on the canary island la palma at an altitude of 2200m above sea level as part of the roque de los muchachos european northern observatory the magic telescope detects celestial very high energy gammaradiation in the energy band between about 50 gev and 10 tev since autumn of 2004 magic has been taking data routinely observing various objects like supernova remnants snrs gammaray binaries pulsars active galactic nuclei agn and gammaray bursts grb we briefly describe the observational strategy the procedure implemented for the data analysis and discuss the results for individual sources an outlook to the construction of the second magic telescope is given
[['the', 'magic', 'telescope', 'with', 'its', '17m', 'diameter', 'mirror', 'is', 'today', 'the', 'largest', 'operating', 'singledish', 'imaging', 'air', 'cherenkov', 'telescope', 'iact', 'it', 'is', 'located', 'on', 'the', 'canary', 'island', 'la', 'palma', 'at', 'an', 'altitude', 'of', '2200m', 'above', 'sea', 'level', 'as', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'roque', 'de', 'los', 'muchachos', 'european', 'northern', 'observatory', 'the', 'magic', 'telescope', 'detects', 'celestial', 'very', 'high', 'energy', 'gammaradiation', 'in', 'the', 'energy', 'band', 'between', 'about', '50', 'gev', 'and', '10', 'tev', 'since', 'autumn', 'of', '2004', 'magic', 'has', 'been', 'taking', 'data', 'routinely', 'observing', 'various', 'objects', 'like', 'supernova', 'remnants', 'snrs', 'gammaray', 'binaries', 'pulsars', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'and', 'gammaray', 'bursts', 'grb', 'we', 'briefly', 'describe', 'the', 'observational', 'strategy', 'the', 'procedure', 'implemented', 'for', 'the', 'data', 'analysis', 'and', 'discuss', 'the', 'results', 'for', 'individual', 'sources', 'an', 'outlook', 'to', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'the', 'second', 'magic', 'telescope', 'is', 'given']]
[-0.08638896272741405, 0.1984993247299246, -0.03409530979757175, 0.20877182623623564, -0.12695993551999096, -0.09713642479939841, 0.019794126385896223, 0.4177242208228219, -0.1051862524386026, -0.4282092431222829, 0.11940229940136499, -0.35475291608737447, -0.02123522587619194, 0.27726654041059845, -0.030482616557879007, -0.05205937734276595, 0.15567246389687134, -0.11479740940386385, 0.019953957081205894, -0.24446193900648652, 0.2217528526084571, 0.31629775309803215, 0.2578841168298221, -0.012117843334306412, 0.19778356538520847, -0.05278497855142346, -0.0436588192475945, -0.09576466223811657, -0.0736620236961831, 0.02077835555899683, 0.33301640002161914, 0.15577036031067196, 0.15784461500020477, -0.3564847816757154, -0.1260362458926365, 0.08971623332775015, 0.07975616094685621, -0.030060058466056142, 0.008935838859843634, -0.39611352227012236, -0.0055504263842507725, -0.19466576208571323, -0.2646443307414416, 0.14526922563750913, -0.023546859797999614, 0.06334780229944882, -0.09602850852314178, -0.053376541511471, -0.07884861018296009, 0.12237483213241322, -0.10814158602317017, -0.17270949164654795, -0.018262254634292752, 0.087233263771893, 0.02889247535082592, 0.04310001155996776, 0.11361527496098181, -0.07002860769321483, -0.0488535554384754, 0.33935023655044283, -0.010881021336513006, 0.09774115414718004, 0.13402690974822246, -0.23502175381597806, -0.23868013686669154, 0.18238655652660202, 0.17806528856259163, 0.07822535943613923, -0.14021712144484788, 0.1106905809839212, -0.02549915701814553, 0.20590612651252255, 0.11938672475920124, 0.024444528087970388, 0.2637119966698444, 0.18897458317682264, 0.11889230838324141, 0.06905535654179518, -0.39863054941621, -0.02094629104615842, -0.28305403399464535, -0.10889736087612376, -0.1617558599196697, 0.07223794424785375, -0.05725837732432868, -0.10008764308721457, 0.34340531803579544, 0.043100369804516786, 0.08715294987168604, -0.018867287689482603, 0.308114585114687, -0.018926086077488607, 0.0801142476477081, 0.111352752905163, 0.37422404141810645, 0.0935535712028289, 0.19627795040636786, -0.1924289666745522, -0.003315857266933899, 0.03489342333857102]
709.2808
Comparison of reduced-order, sequential and variational data assimilation methods in the tropical Pacific Ocean
This paper presents a comparison of two reduced-order, sequential and variational data assimilation methods: the SEEK filter and the R-4D-Var. A hybridization of the two, combining the variational framework and the sequential evolution of covariance matrices, is also preliminarily investigated and assessed in the same experimental conditions. The comparison is performed using the twin-experiment approach on a model of the Tropical Pacific domain. The assimilated data are simulated temperature profiles at the locations of the TAO/TRITON array moorings. It is shown that, in a quasi-linear regime, both methods produce similarly good results. However the hybrid approach provides slightly better results and thus appears as potentially fruitful. In a more non-linear regime, when Tropical Instability Waves develop, the global nature of the variational approach helps control model dynamics better than the sequential approach of the SEEK filter. This aspect is probably enhanced by the context of the experiments in that there is a limited amount of assimilated data and no model error.
physics.geo-ph math.AP math.OC
this paper presents a comparison of two reducedorder sequential and variational data assimilation methods the seek filter and the r4dvar a hybridization of the two combining the variational framework and the sequential evolution of covariance matrices is also preliminarily investigated and assessed in the same experimental conditions the comparison is performed using the twinexperiment approach on a model of the tropical pacific domain the assimilated data are simulated temperature profiles at the locations of the taotriton array moorings it is shown that in a quasilinear regime both methods produce similarly good results however the hybrid approach provides slightly better results and thus appears as potentially fruitful in a more nonlinear regime when tropical instability waves develop the global nature of the variational approach helps control model dynamics better than the sequential approach of the seek filter this aspect is probably enhanced by the context of the experiments in that there is a limited amount of assimilated data and no model error
[['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'comparison', 'of', 'two', 'reducedorder', 'sequential', 'and', 'variational', 'data', 'assimilation', 'methods', 'the', 'seek', 'filter', 'and', 'the', 'r4dvar', 'a', 'hybridization', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'combining', 'the', 'variational', 'framework', 'and', 'the', 'sequential', 'evolution', 'of', 'covariance', 'matrices', 'is', 'also', 'preliminarily', 'investigated', 'and', 'assessed', 'in', 'the', 'same', 'experimental', 'conditions', 'the', 'comparison', 'is', 'performed', 'using', 'the', 'twinexperiment', 'approach', 'on', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'the', 'tropical', 'pacific', 'domain', 'the', 'assimilated', 'data', 'are', 'simulated', 'temperature', 'profiles', 'at', 'the', 'locations', 'of', 'the', 'taotriton', 'array', 'moorings', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'in', 'a', 'quasilinear', 'regime', 'both', 'methods', 'produce', 'similarly', 'good', 'results', 'however', 'the', 'hybrid', 'approach', 'provides', 'slightly', 'better', 'results', 'and', 'thus', 'appears', 'as', 'potentially', 'fruitful', 'in', 'a', 'more', 'nonlinear', 'regime', 'when', 'tropical', 'instability', 'waves', 'develop', 'the', 'global', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'variational', 'approach', 'helps', 'control', 'model', 'dynamics', 'better', 'than', 'the', 'sequential', 'approach', 'of', 'the', 'seek', 'filter', 'this', 'aspect', 'is', 'probably', 'enhanced', 'by', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'experiments', 'in', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'limited', 'amount', 'of', 'assimilated', 'data', 'and', 'no', 'model', 'error']]
[-0.08445491222517353, 0.047003475589606956, -0.11388673793960692, 0.10805070429139246, -0.03961550794347319, -0.11552153075632604, 0.04147035446787206, 0.35425324445071665, -0.26933843616537656, -0.31266242105077624, 0.12789812554086594, -0.24375345258195472, -0.17555232685872743, 0.2088818449270617, -0.04250859640114292, 0.058769890357728435, 0.10698359830104569, -0.008557310268943068, -0.05713633033754584, -0.20720137035639224, 0.2854282400228932, 0.09419653427498297, 0.3397586755218762, -0.0018616282938142554, 0.09285770901817758, -0.03148946775819022, -0.038503086916465736, 0.04420575096943899, -0.09881120672807926, 0.14614025809613493, 0.2460510738921953, 0.14151085376491934, 0.3117204670635158, -0.4366825472480983, -0.23518224009548466, 0.06478535615591498, 0.1319672353573061, 0.11404601950787857, -0.04161012499518413, -0.2637927837624167, 0.055088194241876935, -0.1419250794223663, -0.09679544852350992, -0.06815846789971987, -0.04595166418842877, -0.019082126324801836, -0.31317615892172235, 0.0980056067079503, 0.0608170378063157, 0.06196765650853609, -0.06367482254694251, -0.112548201763413, -0.01860918337994998, 0.0844476136691718, 0.039355505751504836, 0.03336782680376421, 0.07726808023473979, -0.10781789454042062, -0.09527762352394624, 0.37290719823905893, -0.06476577709009355, -0.21313540403115197, 0.21352346215538587, -0.11753518625068231, -0.09467904254074998, 0.12990113698341, 0.16191561389427125, 0.12583959044422954, -0.167840651282617, 0.05566818355302668, -0.04297942063134588, 0.16338571604441474, 0.0006162704784965402, -0.02049875456642336, 0.16912193809336795, 0.23048111304634875, 0.07540007394184417, 0.13262053185932432, -0.1132871275520854, -0.12209826361835946, -0.25454632667205707, -0.10564027300481743, -0.16160297739360766, -0.0539671016526939, -0.08735941703187426, -0.13270913809887872, 0.40526241056408874, 0.1921387278457184, 0.1874455986323448, 0.034996946268608865, 0.31715726370840697, 0.10113558184894839, 0.041952266463939146, 0.06034761942227524, 0.24645510902687248, 0.12413465698055122, 0.11852636192689496, -0.21862612135820328, 0.08706700185879687, 0.01939876002253658]
709.2809
Pure Anderson Motives and Abelian \tau-Sheaves
Pure t-motives were introduced by G. Anderson as higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogs of abelian varieties in the arithmetic of function fields. In order to construct moduli spaces for pure t-motives the second author has previously introduced the concept of abelian \tau-sheaf. In this article we clarify the relation between pure t-motives and abelian \tau-sheaves. We obtain an equivalence of the respective quasi-isogeny categories. Furthermore, we develop the elementary theory of both structures regarding morphisms, isogenies, Tate modules, and local shtukas. The later are the analogs of p-divisible groups.
math.NT math.AG
pure tmotives were introduced by g anderson as higher dimensional generalizations of drinfeld modules and as the appropriate analogs of abelian varieties in the arithmetic of function fields in order to construct moduli spaces for pure tmotives the second author has previously introduced the concept of abelian tausheaf in this article we clarify the relation between pure tmotives and abelian tausheaves we obtain an equivalence of the respective quasiisogeny categories furthermore we develop the elementary theory of both structures regarding morphisms isogenies tate modules and local shtukas the later are the analogs of pdivisible groups
[['pure', 'tmotives', 'were', 'introduced', 'by', 'g', 'anderson', 'as', 'higher', 'dimensional', 'generalizations', 'of', 'drinfeld', 'modules', 'and', 'as', 'the', 'appropriate', 'analogs', 'of', 'abelian', 'varieties', 'in', 'the', 'arithmetic', 'of', 'function', 'fields', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'construct', 'moduli', 'spaces', 'for', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'the', 'second', 'author', 'has', 'previously', 'introduced', 'the', 'concept', 'of', 'abelian', 'tausheaf', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'clarify', 'the', 'relation', 'between', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'and', 'abelian', 'tausheaves', 'we', 'obtain', 'an', 'equivalence', 'of', 'the', 'respective', 'quasiisogeny', 'categories', 'furthermore', 'we', 'develop', 'the', 'elementary', 'theory', 'of', 'both', 'structures', 'regarding', 'morphisms', 'isogenies', 'tate', 'modules', 'and', 'local', 'shtukas', 'the', 'later', 'are', 'the', 'analogs', 'of', 'pdivisible', 'groups']]
[-0.13819853794943218, 0.1144338558877517, -0.1085916344992533, 0.15435959509467584, -0.07014767294142234, -0.0966948848116495, -0.007370997337958492, 0.3239058512566692, -0.31564499539039703, -0.2704314917487943, 0.08515205981498382, -0.1923074781206315, -0.15773111582877944, 0.16230424457108197, -0.17838501030295764, -0.034834248686978674, -0.0670830718261878, 0.058191334201103964, -0.11949138906936202, -0.36684732718150254, 0.4547315805532929, -0.010886567786497913, 0.27598897355568147, -0.005557245605260781, 0.08441328792326638, 0.0580259534079865, -0.0538825990996607, -0.04138977208134273, -0.15766669165990924, 0.17491929357587968, 0.34153782867867016, -0.014539278881705326, 0.181378000400677, -0.403055681442113, -0.12669564080019685, 0.17909891704482067, 0.06578361304760304, 0.06153184022000262, 0.007070990724732046, -0.28662757851871784, 0.07585739626792139, -0.23842494141148485, -0.1462718016548973, -0.10265360510042544, 0.08899397978498398, 0.04701960067588674, -0.1840258416410981, 0.0046170450159874945, 0.09708508906465874, 0.1833589848070203, -0.13098218294022523, -0.09907265204895774, -0.06838663624923515, 0.09642007588611348, -0.015338031878775877, -0.02188652052807257, 0.05594166399121447, -0.1216508368440333, -0.217243887959858, 0.34455133116115694, -0.06194454458486491, -0.15930418702824364, 0.18012692049429144, -0.11946066177915782, -0.14408026533403798, 0.06136293261838348, 0.04413073816154476, 0.14782385384340002, -0.010625632955571231, 0.1835002065212314, -0.12475568182644961, 0.029761818776656266, 0.1409143922880859, 0.02299773266903408, 0.11170320643071571, 0.04625043148205251, 0.0007385589162130718, 0.1950212096410763, 0.03728315733757842, -0.030803489652538228, -0.35731627907522995, -0.23553558242628755, -0.042372816275177604, 0.09996126740968422, -0.0559493884358507, -0.15222071525995093, 0.4217073679091814, 0.10468614540434867, 0.13448932343769981, 0.12334232559711066, 0.17347807097299348, 0.05956414549955693, 0.05450196560148312, -0.00354514435014647, 0.17473615963092964, 0.32245931103977415, -0.03146839622185444, -0.10397131880017696, -0.05932777368908991, 0.26999552515537845]
709.281
Moduli Evolution in the Presence of Matter Fields and Flux Compactification
We provide a detailed analysis of the dynamics of moduli fields in the KKLT scenario coupled to a Polonyi field, which plays the role of a hidden matter sector field. It was previously shown that such matter fields can uplift AdS vacua to Minkowski or de Sitter vacua. Additionally, we take a background fluid into account (which can be either matter or radiation), which aids moduli stabilisation. Our analysis shows that the presence of the matter field further aids stabilisation, due to a new scaling regime. We study the system both analytically and numerically.
hep-th
we provide a detailed analysis of the dynamics of moduli fields in the kklt scenario coupled to a polonyi field which plays the role of a hidden matter sector field it was previously shown that such matter fields can uplift ads vacua to minkowski or de sitter vacua additionally we take a background fluid into account which can be either matter or radiation which aids moduli stabilisation our analysis shows that the presence of the matter field further aids stabilisation due to a new scaling regime we study the system both analytically and numerically
[['we', 'provide', 'a', 'detailed', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'moduli', 'fields', 'in', 'the', 'kklt', 'scenario', 'coupled', 'to', 'a', 'polonyi', 'field', 'which', 'plays', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'a', 'hidden', 'matter', 'sector', 'field', 'it', 'was', 'previously', 'shown', 'that', 'such', 'matter', 'fields', 'can', 'uplift', 'ads', 'vacua', 'to', 'minkowski', 'or', 'de', 'sitter', 'vacua', 'additionally', 'we', 'take', 'a', 'background', 'fluid', 'into', 'account', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'either', 'matter', 'or', 'radiation', 'which', 'aids', 'moduli', 'stabilisation', 'our', 'analysis', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'field', 'further', 'aids', 'stabilisation', 'due', 'to', 'a', 'new', 'scaling', 'regime', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'system', 'both', 'analytically', 'and', 'numerically']]
[-0.1714939428134227, 0.1685356370252656, -0.1574976869333694, 0.12008021177941973, -0.11898827437370857, -0.09961434371492013, 0.0074104801652596355, 0.2836631970935838, -0.1919602178473105, -0.3098454725126082, 0.11301843982011556, -0.20179756688315698, -0.17556948603646078, 0.1425943170832668, -0.028886056292128374, -0.030597535467290497, -0.02577525232869022, -0.007444700002955134, 0.010534075678306375, -0.2703450198651866, 0.34640679417296927, 0.06709794482176608, 0.30259306393960056, 0.030973270946638064, 0.0967169428155064, -0.02051266449989077, 0.007338537839538557, 0.046698332575962266, -0.11547550475649025, 0.049844677619477536, 0.2071401592173138, 0.07048996249610122, 0.18799356677807233, -0.46203858781843743, -0.3029524111882486, 0.19703394451000272, 0.20792471376703459, 0.18354394201788696, -0.09005853165178856, -0.29337614108907417, 0.03861620161246429, -0.15789122069056363, -0.12636514285460432, -0.13476904547287824, -0.033081450035171385, -0.09848736061595698, -0.26792707901566903, 0.06003470349799287, 0.007406251230078967, -0.025010765391461392, -0.10258851681855764, -0.03931162302491275, -0.05824298469815403, 0.06576830108075384, 0.13849974024997982, 0.05307375411057171, 0.17180868548568973, -0.22032242793926693, -0.06480614333710771, 0.37575248763599295, -0.08685433291681507, -0.18798325400541913, 0.16712000974989, -0.11652693174224585, -0.11084587039782647, 0.13285954396656535, 0.1579783012981507, 0.1253368894500222, -0.08858033667437415, 0.16975199053636159, -0.006065223861406458, 0.19394642316260713, 0.05730582109127352, 0.019420719814506618, 0.30587887625269433, 0.15408271037914018, 0.010530891308085398, 0.14761527289730556, -0.0386799660095192, -0.1369341500499781, -0.36658546923005836, -0.19769183028132675, -0.060030313151730026, 0.0690636989571392, -0.11467130063581553, -0.18774354019037576, 0.36719167475251757, 0.11204382629589514, 0.14110268211547047, -0.029297519887629103, 0.2471571248817317, 0.06163135024674356, 0.024100042270258703, 0.05253328363153529, 0.315099137696497, 0.12212330703574055, 0.10827185769387065, -0.24721971941874066, -0.07827089054688335, 0.0600439575352171]
709.2811
How a plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback modifies postural control mechanisms during quiet standing
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback on postural control mechanisms during quiet standing. To this aim, sixteen young healthy adults were asked to stand as immobile as possible with their eyes closed in two conditions of No-biofeedback and Biofeedback. Centre of foot pressure (CoP) displacements, recorded using a force platform, were used to compute the horizontal displacements of the vertical projection the centre of gravity (CoGh) and those of the difference between the CoP and the vertical projection of the CoG (CoP-CoGv). Altogether, the present findings suggest that the main way the plantar pressure-based, tongue-placed tactile biofeedback improves postural control during quiet standing is via both a reduction of the correction thresholds and an increased efficiency of the corrective mechanism involving the CoGh displacements.
physics.med-ph q-bio.NC
the purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a plantar pressurebased tongueplaced tactile biofeedback on postural control mechanisms during quiet standing to this aim sixteen young healthy adults were asked to stand as immobile as possible with their eyes closed in two conditions of nobiofeedback and biofeedback centre of foot pressure cop displacements recorded using a force platform were used to compute the horizontal displacements of the vertical projection the centre of gravity cogh and those of the difference between the cop and the vertical projection of the cog copcogv altogether the present findings suggest that the main way the plantar pressurebased tongueplaced tactile biofeedback improves postural control during quiet standing is via both a reduction of the correction thresholds and an increased efficiency of the corrective mechanism involving the cogh displacements
[['the', 'purpose', 'of', 'the', 'present', 'study', 'was', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'a', 'plantar', 'pressurebased', 'tongueplaced', 'tactile', 'biofeedback', 'on', 'postural', 'control', 'mechanisms', 'during', 'quiet', 'standing', 'to', 'this', 'aim', 'sixteen', 'young', 'healthy', 'adults', 'were', 'asked', 'to', 'stand', 'as', 'immobile', 'as', 'possible', 'with', 'their', 'eyes', 'closed', 'in', 'two', 'conditions', 'of', 'nobiofeedback', 'and', 'biofeedback', 'centre', 'of', 'foot', 'pressure', 'cop', 'displacements', 'recorded', 'using', 'a', 'force', 'platform', 'were', 'used', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'horizontal', 'displacements', 'of', 'the', 'vertical', 'projection', 'the', 'centre', 'of', 'gravity', 'cogh', 'and', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'cop', 'and', 'the', 'vertical', 'projection', 'of', 'the', 'cog', 'copcogv', 'altogether', 'the', 'present', 'findings', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'main', 'way', 'the', 'plantar', 'pressurebased', 'tongueplaced', 'tactile', 'biofeedback', 'improves', 'postural', 'control', 'during', 'quiet', 'standing', 'is', 'via', 'both', 'a', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'correction', 'thresholds', 'and', 'an', 'increased', 'efficiency', 'of', 'the', 'corrective', 'mechanism', 'involving', 'the', 'cogh', 'displacements']]
[-0.10099510840119276, 0.14044076738333333, -0.07594393782625745, 0.00812148829375891, -0.0678241377384787, -0.1197848852856883, 0.0452499455471236, 0.37219205162578956, -0.24148044015343925, -0.3419345958592524, 0.09344749793294761, -0.24636744717276074, -0.14216866974956952, 0.18275194476477633, -0.13908149720750806, 0.028412963620814167, 0.03234183297779663, 0.057700116809674615, 0.019732631310116835, -0.19996170277350156, 0.2712036127756749, 0.06527762759925056, 0.3018675625422283, 0.030257743433173886, 0.12587073402955457, -0.03924486433554973, -0.021521905002961483, 0.0012820012748409482, -0.1266263771535329, 0.11353047339147643, 0.19488324155799933, 0.14356652211705992, 0.32098751657999547, -0.4935302062142164, -0.17109328804579668, 0.0397533784170558, 0.0894592312318658, 0.07107001515910645, -0.039067636393675845, -0.3045857737779169, 0.0812707987304994, -0.10059171312145497, -0.1278521117432169, 0.03595931169093776, 0.014153025886814174, 0.01943804166337503, -0.24253689922756494, 0.07853117060000286, 0.026661976555684454, 0.15661321756521002, -0.14478415848085083, -0.08347328319879514, -0.03952180860648142, 0.24435070242130555, 0.055133004951171745, 0.03153447420301294, 0.23794031749598513, -0.12893301198132953, -0.10835308483556698, 0.35851569033991126, -0.005727187170177922, -0.1318376076344709, 0.2011178584587305, -0.13502427870302663, -0.03022973890647404, 0.09967205317732983, 0.18496347235557728, 0.08827545007522729, -0.16069959373501325, -0.057862190881575966, 0.018551048106702984, 0.12846944296270385, 0.12867220758663533, -0.07796288089462577, 0.18285190975105328, 0.13929813629002274, 0.06502161572750349, 0.15032397418570026, -0.16389614133220307, -0.021329524213031522, -0.26472233031365205, -0.17354902443020864, -0.063533891757418, -0.022525015337868853, -0.04963439860586007, -0.13085197170328042, 0.380038753866141, 0.15155208871972964, 0.13468733934783622, 0.009924633939631451, 0.30862090540559667, 0.01099471109078959, 0.06648938354854017, 0.037075063966466745, 0.27993991966814474, 0.13206847730841964, 0.11251871238280564, -0.31896503865578796, 0.09243297156408653, 0.06941592709084314]
709.2812
Infraparticle Scattering States in Non-Relativistic QED: II. Mass Shell Properties
We study the infrared problem in the usual model of QED with non-relativistic matter. We prove spectral and regularity properties characterizing the mass shell of an electron and one-electron infraparticle states of this model. Our results are crucial for the construction of infraparticle scattering states, which are treated in a separate paper.
math-ph math.MP
we study the infrared problem in the usual model of qed with nonrelativistic matter we prove spectral and regularity properties characterizing the mass shell of an electron and oneelectron infraparticle states of this model our results are crucial for the construction of infraparticle scattering states which are treated in a separate paper
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'infrared', 'problem', 'in', 'the', 'usual', 'model', 'of', 'qed', 'with', 'nonrelativistic', 'matter', 'we', 'prove', 'spectral', 'and', 'regularity', 'properties', 'characterizing', 'the', 'mass', 'shell', 'of', 'an', 'electron', 'and', 'oneelectron', 'infraparticle', 'states', 'of', 'this', 'model', 'our', 'results', 'are', 'crucial', 'for', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'infraparticle', 'scattering', 'states', 'which', 'are', 'treated', 'in', 'a', 'separate', 'paper']]
[-0.07582227251707362, 0.1311444477024242, -0.08074677986307786, 0.08578798218513839, 0.041467476600351244, -0.0792689421841015, -0.020602508714476313, 0.34227399649814916, -0.21048720080692035, -0.27880876355965695, 0.02387281893662965, -0.2769947197789756, -0.10703725109879787, 0.1421696051928358, -0.021333583576891284, 0.07388679346499535, 0.029691162483336832, 0.003338248970416876, -0.07412717650787762, -0.1741510526671146, 0.39029283860984904, 0.03755345122996145, 0.22680934905432737, 0.11410039122431324, 0.03091464726290164, 0.03437277710495087, -0.02899051934050826, -0.02891921046942186, -0.134082362051301, 0.12340724166894618, 0.22612932664700425, 0.05634270502420035, 0.20784020873207526, -0.43615471865408695, -0.22165646448299342, 0.06205718289129436, 0.13817822874093857, 0.136450803106597, -0.04918334796541156, -0.2814980275355853, 0.020646319455968645, -0.17179067226914832, -0.19961116754879746, -0.07172403347571023, -0.043470867354279526, -0.01558107057532582, -0.27338908739105905, 0.08468506974168122, 0.07584895978036982, -0.011843764438078953, -0.13856101176665667, -0.11055132359839402, -0.00528953014425217, 0.08425325460624523, 0.046762343061765514, -0.02671442454895721, 0.09560247939617302, -0.16621980638368627, -0.10358991425556059, 0.39060686732857275, -0.04546802464084557, -0.17311257729306817, 0.16888072507348484, -0.14432658752999628, -0.1466758272324044, 0.08191711103651099, 0.1398873704019934, 0.16007716356454274, -0.16826148309673256, 0.13661642080450503, -0.09604014330901779, 0.13572717506366855, 0.043716573263876714, 0.11641704140660855, 0.16743275587661907, 0.17500781771601537, 0.0062478573885388095, 0.13021945991427997, -0.09233292210130738, -0.08584189171401355, -0.34209884244662064, -0.17114314786662221, -0.17334236149998525, 0.059860936500347, -0.05099799665745545, -0.20113520707505253, 0.407233503790429, 0.1470119268902076, 0.17842240191888636, 0.0262526972062635, 0.2720721843294226, 0.1562579643639485, -0.0030812461717197527, 0.07696944313088003, 0.27559004691787636, 0.16759010662253088, 0.03151937430867782, -0.25265726362928176, -0.042064009771610684, 0.07971112646359521]
709.2813
LDPC codes from Singer cycles
The main goal of coding theory is to devise efficient systems to exploit the full capacity of a communication channel, thus achieving an arbitrarily small error probability. Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes are a family of block codes--characterised by admitting a sparse parity check matrix--with good correction capabilities. In the present paper the orbits of subspaces of a finite projective space under the action of a Singer cycle are investigated.
cs.IT math.IT
the main goal of coding theory is to devise efficient systems to exploit the full capacity of a communication channel thus achieving an arbitrarily small error probability low density parity check ldpc codes are a family of block codescharacterised by admitting a sparse parity check matrixwith good correction capabilities in the present paper the orbits of subspaces of a finite projective space under the action of a singer cycle are investigated
[['the', 'main', 'goal', 'of', 'coding', 'theory', 'is', 'to', 'devise', 'efficient', 'systems', 'to', 'exploit', 'the', 'full', 'capacity', 'of', 'a', 'communication', 'channel', 'thus', 'achieving', 'an', 'arbitrarily', 'small', 'error', 'probability', 'low', 'density', 'parity', 'check', 'ldpc', 'codes', 'are', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'block', 'codescharacterised', 'by', 'admitting', 'a', 'sparse', 'parity', 'check', 'matrixwith', 'good', 'correction', 'capabilities', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'the', 'orbits', 'of', 'subspaces', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'projective', 'space', 'under', 'the', 'action', 'of', 'a', 'singer', 'cycle', 'are', 'investigated']]
[-0.25916312950109877, 0.07457239650703622, -0.06389838457782415, 0.07854000747750473, -0.003738734128790489, -0.21653648921410026, 0.0872296627064276, 0.3478914050358361, -0.26348441227784625, -0.25820214877687936, 0.13124490664441787, -0.1970510699354328, -0.12820453978602545, 0.13877417607421894, -0.15300509000983278, 0.12416936158863963, 0.08734009004252004, 0.07848491075118005, -0.1178110291627978, -0.2860831156966911, 0.3120318398999887, 0.15473819913450573, 0.2708427664027482, 0.003279902428165888, 0.1172356551202635, 0.004283735589326724, -0.022946168499850275, -0.013223512793732538, -0.1081814007889277, 0.13948631262325722, 0.31941823302295763, 0.1345264752921851, 0.2514914983843008, -0.3792752127535979, -0.22561606367294124, 0.10818358848843238, 0.11103894356536963, 0.16910308461798274, -0.05364471476902996, -0.22951090381737205, 0.14641229373038464, -0.22058142599838693, -0.10601668277809369, -0.08298086113147977, -0.005017819105768981, 0.011415941883688387, -0.2931333274236354, -0.02649953378283459, 0.05932999921935624, 0.08281248940181905, -0.00012760759209809095, -0.08709743297220195, 0.04141364098135112, 0.159453547998345, -0.025048881816421297, 0.035617693050670016, 0.04739457184189013, -0.06694313575365189, -0.12945737522027956, 0.3730268356672056, -0.043603517236592976, -0.21962930774991063, 0.12490355192963709, -0.0936259856461075, -0.11907032759779174, 0.18339113098150794, 0.20982733053033767, 0.11078523321244259, -0.10494503751397133, 0.136362076631538, -0.05483658661208777, 0.17848085903603098, 0.06073270383142475, 0.1108863208496916, 0.180403801092905, 0.13506935030707848, 0.13224253646583986, 0.1510538259062214, -0.054971312476403036, -0.07890057133213765, -0.2989913040529127, -0.14186699469776257, -0.18852414263992745, 0.036646845858490124, -0.1006599898699779, -0.16628921950451922, 0.38440863375781453, 0.07397397665603869, 0.16321010658166546, 0.15059953803479995, 0.30703773230746173, 0.03593015182169451, 0.036039544811026884, 0.13074593023275552, 0.15804003748664822, 0.23322223019246283, -0.031079472486348146, -0.23590053032840724, 0.04253027405913757, 0.10441899365421546]
709.2814
Reduced-order 4D-Var: a preconditioner for the Incremental 4D-Var data assimilation method
This study demonstrates how the incremental 4D-Var data assimilation method can be applied efficiently preconditione d in an application to an oceanographic problem. The approach consists in performing a few iterations of the reduced-order 4D-Var prior to the incremental 4D-Var in the full space in order to achieve faster convergence. An application performed in the tropical Pacific Ocean, with assimilation of TAO temperature data, shows the method to be both feasible and efficient. It allows the global cost of the assimilation to be reduced by a factor of 2 without affecting the quality of the solution.
physics.geo-ph math.AP math.OC
this study demonstrates how the incremental 4dvar data assimilation method can be applied efficiently preconditione d in an application to an oceanographic problem the approach consists in performing a few iterations of the reducedorder 4dvar prior to the incremental 4dvar in the full space in order to achieve faster convergence an application performed in the tropical pacific ocean with assimilation of tao temperature data shows the method to be both feasible and efficient it allows the global cost of the assimilation to be reduced by a factor of 2 without affecting the quality of the solution
[['this', 'study', 'demonstrates', 'how', 'the', 'incremental', '4dvar', 'data', 'assimilation', 'method', 'can', 'be', 'applied', 'efficiently', 'preconditione', 'd', 'in', 'an', 'application', 'to', 'an', 'oceanographic', 'problem', 'the', 'approach', 'consists', 'in', 'performing', 'a', 'few', 'iterations', 'of', 'the', 'reducedorder', '4dvar', 'prior', 'to', 'the', 'incremental', '4dvar', 'in', 'the', 'full', 'space', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'achieve', 'faster', 'convergence', 'an', 'application', 'performed', 'in', 'the', 'tropical', 'pacific', 'ocean', 'with', 'assimilation', 'of', 'tao', 'temperature', 'data', 'shows', 'the', 'method', 'to', 'be', 'both', 'feasible', 'and', 'efficient', 'it', 'allows', 'the', 'global', 'cost', 'of', 'the', 'assimilation', 'to', 'be', 'reduced', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '2', 'without', 'affecting', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'solution']]
[-0.0552114263274952, 0.0036994018339196614, -0.09905544185863906, 0.03871662309760914, -0.049726538546383384, -0.05665067676944952, 0.05098024746893268, 0.34411762188139716, -0.3183855808683132, -0.33727826698634183, 0.171570155219371, -0.2088640801144433, -0.11106834073894117, 0.21918714344746582, -0.11015126867906043, 0.10710246919801361, 0.11705330004425425, 0.0007882097307102461, -0.06701182168479519, -0.3102113015398285, 0.23484328346400474, 0.0932634326041137, 0.3072368540654057, -0.0070573737991875725, 0.10614391356265467, -0.009575557727121601, -0.033123743573301716, 0.010596607306567756, -0.05934031250102347, 0.15248434476823988, 0.30545496293588686, 0.2015973851427828, 0.3250200843340472, -0.4433381882153059, -0.22103385283170562, 0.08942836574033687, 0.14292908179524696, 0.13421095196941965, 0.006990967681141276, -0.2523199181170448, 0.06599288937684737, -0.16285746653417224, -0.14957629536817732, -0.1502103178394272, -0.05237744097156744, -0.04273632715064052, -0.3546822163619493, 0.08225224876384202, 0.02254558874196128, 0.060359672672654456, -0.07828357973638432, -0.09250211044655819, -0.010224284172842378, 0.10317606147574751, 0.05740767001713577, 0.07109419203755495, 0.07523265772646195, -0.07668223345505172, -0.08518932400712449, 0.3699778750342758, -0.10344604186248034, -0.22157681283393973, 0.1621095330846545, -0.07210464708409027, -0.10305642651295975, 0.17938621761767487, 0.19315818679568014, 0.11574391120260483, -0.16107002617301125, 0.0846117449035917, -0.004054728591520535, 0.167448024089007, 0.036410169646536046, -0.09250223078813992, 0.07486842458479498, 0.276529755281502, 0.17090787487594705, 0.13910057213966195, -0.10045883497284529, -0.08025232182668621, -0.2181122241639777, -0.15754954341406885, -0.18061595300555622, -0.01595313205432735, -0.13468490496360525, -0.14627309046489628, 0.39552810131817273, 0.23181676405334944, 0.18500918985197418, -0.00834879241393585, 0.34481692561193517, 0.10122826469964102, 0.05484266429404287, 0.11074009946498432, 0.22166580788202975, 0.08461959784556376, 0.1466441098600626, -0.25259235135622715, 0.051058184806453556, 0.06966574743733202]
709.2815
Pure Anderson Motives over Finite Fields
In the arithmetic of function fields Drinfeld modules play the role that elliptic curves take on in the arithmetic of number fields. As higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogues of abelian varieties, G. Anderson introduced pure t-motives. In this article we study the arithmetic of the later. We investigate which pure t-motives are semisimple, that is, isogenous to direct sums of simple ones. We give examples for pure t-motives which are not semisimple. Over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomorphism algebra, but also this fails over infinite fields. Still over finite fields we study the endomorphism rings of pure t-motives and criteria for the existence of isogenies. We obtain answers which are similar to Tate's famous results for abelian varieties.
math.NT math.AG
in the arithmetic of function fields drinfeld modules play the role that elliptic curves take on in the arithmetic of number fields as higher dimensional generalizations of drinfeld modules and as the appropriate analogues of abelian varieties g anderson introduced pure tmotives in this article we study the arithmetic of the later we investigate which pure tmotives are semisimple that is isogenous to direct sums of simple ones we give examples for pure tmotives which are not semisimple over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomorphism algebra but also this fails over infinite fields still over finite fields we study the endomorphism rings of pure tmotives and criteria for the existence of isogenies we obtain answers which are similar to tates famous results for abelian varieties
[['in', 'the', 'arithmetic', 'of', 'function', 'fields', 'drinfeld', 'modules', 'play', 'the', 'role', 'that', 'elliptic', 'curves', 'take', 'on', 'in', 'the', 'arithmetic', 'of', 'number', 'fields', 'as', 'higher', 'dimensional', 'generalizations', 'of', 'drinfeld', 'modules', 'and', 'as', 'the', 'appropriate', 'analogues', 'of', 'abelian', 'varieties', 'g', 'anderson', 'introduced', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'arithmetic', 'of', 'the', 'later', 'we', 'investigate', 'which', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'are', 'semisimple', 'that', 'is', 'isogenous', 'to', 'direct', 'sums', 'of', 'simple', 'ones', 'we', 'give', 'examples', 'for', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'which', 'are', 'not', 'semisimple', 'over', 'finite', 'fields', 'the', 'semisimplicity', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'the', 'semisimplicity', 'of', 'the', 'endomorphism', 'algebra', 'but', 'also', 'this', 'fails', 'over', 'infinite', 'fields', 'still', 'over', 'finite', 'fields', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'endomorphism', 'rings', 'of', 'pure', 'tmotives', 'and', 'criteria', 'for', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'isogenies', 'we', 'obtain', 'answers', 'which', 'are', 'similar', 'to', 'tates', 'famous', 'results', 'for', 'abelian', 'varieties']]
[-0.16804651843600743, 0.08142776351478946, -0.11547838709004338, 0.12981437216335126, -0.10160342078542209, -0.13389870644554155, -0.030107144899097563, 0.33484753093305436, -0.3026761056585166, -0.21360189741022373, 0.11514903310391313, -0.20082288706596968, -0.1327784271512664, 0.24572411224331336, -0.16711271170327682, -0.0508656780526952, 0.010233967337501412, 0.09008696872940045, -0.09337553454079588, -0.39794986641020264, 0.4340506789793495, -0.031926168000880085, 0.24704708203047743, 0.04392824314164979, 0.07748279996386921, 0.05649667794510495, -0.007059696841387803, -0.029021725190078257, -0.13353002852396345, 0.10935957076202169, 0.35921202542416697, 0.021636749646192742, 0.1909758841178117, -0.40160626845562275, -0.11952944113766305, 0.23287244280444758, 0.12604902415955796, 0.061225634068250656, -0.017506226404029733, -0.22319252019079813, 0.10667315822890924, -0.21742832423223338, -0.14132779094440337, -0.10821600489936883, 0.08601445943927606, 0.034099116434435583, -0.23057304263712114, 0.01700465201790345, 0.12745543235987566, 0.19237062445919934, -0.09601519365780738, -0.11894934106874101, -0.024742786530831843, 0.06881013969741477, -0.01911331605848693, -0.01126452342372473, 0.0777693028625755, -0.13848220440098094, -0.17966871474734472, 0.3569437265396118, -0.06887831872787668, -0.17771180768191586, 0.16023625458327642, -0.15747167695427441, -0.13163469677687914, 0.10465538310853921, 0.09109735058421511, 0.1588286231796236, 0.007909919867533763, 0.16759891314556438, -0.17001719986806615, 0.013427768505128626, 0.10502897054205812, 0.020456601076453695, 0.13877631222317352, 0.017703053162909533, 0.03364413868785189, 0.16483110474433238, 0.06827579053182808, -0.04721454481544499, -0.3727859817445278, -0.21741132162340726, -0.05447411626748001, 0.15440989824805945, -0.06433566299823419, -0.20044245596758253, 0.4422896085378095, 0.13061834818182358, 0.1251653655652554, 0.1146538590448944, 0.1949003149510027, 0.07950274816728446, 0.08719800485767143, 0.022708743493621883, 0.14352426931034518, 0.3169096748198859, -0.047629864185245153, -0.12093617086021499, -0.06169676087540752, 0.21183772073731622]
709.2816
Non-equilibrium emission of complex fragments from p+Au collisions at 2.5 GeV proton beam energy
Energy and angular dependence of double differential cross sections d$^2\sigma$/d$\Omega$dE was measured for reactions induced by 2.5 GeV protons on Au target with isotopic identification of light products (H, He, Li, Be, and B) and with elemental identification of heavier intermediate mass fragments (C, N, O, F, Ne, Na, Mg, and Al). It was found that two different reaction mechanisms give comparable contributions to the cross sections. The intranuclear cascade of nucleon-nucleon collisions followed by evaporation from an equilibrated residuum describes low energy part of the energy distributions whereas another reaction mechanism is responsible for high energy part of the spectra of composite particles. Phenomenological model description of the differential cross sections by isotropic emission from two moving sources led to a very good description of all measured data. Values of the extracted parameters of the emitting sources are compatible with the hypothesis claiming that the high energy particles emerge from pre-equilibrium processes consisting in a breakup of the target into three groups of nucleons; small, fast and hot fireball of $\sim$ 8 nucleons, and two larger, excited prefragments, which emits the light charged particles and intermediate mass fragments. The smaller of them contains $\sim$ 20 nucleons and moves with velocity larger than the CM velocity of the proton projectile and the target. The heavier prefragment behaves similarly as the heavy residuum of the intranuclear cascade of nucleon-nucleon collisions. %The mass and charge dependence of the total production cross %sections was extracted from the above analysis for all observed %reaction products. This dependence follows the power low behavior %(A$^{-\tau}$ or Z$^{-\tau}$).
nucl-ex
energy and angular dependence of double differential cross sections d2sigmadomegade was measured for reactions induced by 25 gev protons on au target with isotopic identification of light products h he li be and b and with elemental identification of heavier intermediate mass fragments c n o f ne na mg and al it was found that two different reaction mechanisms give comparable contributions to the cross sections the intranuclear cascade of nucleonnucleon collisions followed by evaporation from an equilibrated residuum describes low energy part of the energy distributions whereas another reaction mechanism is responsible for high energy part of the spectra of composite particles phenomenological model description of the differential cross sections by isotropic emission from two moving sources led to a very good description of all measured data values of the extracted parameters of the emitting sources are compatible with the hypothesis claiming that the high energy particles emerge from preequilibrium processes consisting in a breakup of the target into three groups of nucleons small fast and hot fireball of sim 8 nucleons and two larger excited prefragments which emits the light charged particles and intermediate mass fragments the smaller of them contains sim 20 nucleons and moves with velocity larger than the cm velocity of the proton projectile and the target the heavier prefragment behaves similarly as the heavy residuum of the intranuclear cascade of nucleonnucleon collisions the mass and charge dependence of the total production cross sections was extracted from the above analysis for all observed reaction products this dependence follows the power low behavior atau or ztau
[['energy', 'and', 'angular', 'dependence', 'of', 'double', 'differential', 'cross', 'sections', 'd2sigmadomegade', 'was', 'measured', 'for', 'reactions', 'induced', 'by', '25', 'gev', 'protons', 'on', 'au', 'target', 'with', 'isotopic', 'identification', 'of', 'light', 'products', 'h', 'he', 'li', 'be', 'and', 'b', 'and', 'with', 'elemental', 'identification', 'of', 'heavier', 'intermediate', 'mass', 'fragments', 'c', 'n', 'o', 'f', 'ne', 'na', 'mg', 'and', 'al', 'it', 'was', 'found', 'that', 'two', 'different', 'reaction', 'mechanisms', 'give', 'comparable', 'contributions', 'to', 'the', 'cross', 'sections', 'the', 'intranuclear', 'cascade', 'of', 'nucleonnucleon', 'collisions', 'followed', 'by', 'evaporation', 'from', 'an', 'equilibrated', 'residuum', 'describes', 'low', 'energy', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'energy', 'distributions', 'whereas', 'another', 'reaction', 'mechanism', 'is', 'responsible', 'for', 'high', 'energy', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'composite', 'particles', 'phenomenological', 'model', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'differential', 'cross', 'sections', 'by', 'isotropic', 'emission', 'from', 'two', 'moving', 'sources', 'led', 'to', 'a', 'very', 'good', 'description', 'of', 'all', 'measured', 'data', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'extracted', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'emitting', 'sources', 'are', 'compatible', 'with', 'the', 'hypothesis', 'claiming', 'that', 'the', 'high', 'energy', 'particles', 'emerge', 'from', 'preequilibrium', 'processes', 'consisting', 'in', 'a', 'breakup', 'of', 'the', 'target', 'into', 'three', 'groups', 'of', 'nucleons', 'small', 'fast', 'and', 'hot', 'fireball', 'of', 'sim', '8', 'nucleons', 'and', 'two', 'larger', 'excited', 'prefragments', 'which', 'emits', 'the', 'light', 'charged', 'particles', 'and', 'intermediate', 'mass', 'fragments', 'the', 'smaller', 'of', 'them', 'contains', 'sim', '20', 'nucleons', 'and', 'moves', 'with', 'velocity', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'cm', 'velocity', 'of', 'the', 'proton', 'projectile', 'and', 'the', 'target', 'the', 'heavier', 'prefragment', 'behaves', 'similarly', 'as', 'the', 'heavy', 'residuum', 'of', 'the', 'intranuclear', 'cascade', 'of', 'nucleonnucleon', 'collisions', 'the', 'mass', 'and', 'charge', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'production', 'cross', 'sections', 'was', 'extracted', 'from', 'the', 'above', 'analysis', 'for', 'all', 'observed', 'reaction', 'products', 'this', 'dependence', 'follows', 'the', 'power', 'low', 'behavior', 'atau', 'or', 'ztau']]
[-0.057954311011490345, 0.2477923663107532, -0.06956082845273479, 0.09704449379270083, 0.032365543561049065, -0.11382253987702962, -0.014949111089593115, 0.3151043088473811, -0.21243267400463517, -0.35094514475509697, -0.07588399583464812, -0.3654944635064676, 0.062471539139905836, 0.14787004441634166, 0.07976560930192873, 0.013508943750572024, 0.0765047764902733, 0.032992329427785454, -0.027164071890018505, -0.1623264522539833, 0.3251567756915357, 0.111904105266851, 0.22169067411823737, 0.11057447495377662, 0.09505469811959803, 0.02998625409778596, -0.04152659855807258, -0.04447462076400353, -0.12166639715038702, 0.08025979523975797, 0.2112903994072991, 0.07043897283072925, 0.13181682660614777, -0.3836558325014807, -0.1556351546977528, 0.09968772245046024, 0.1400409149029382, 0.06721468245058633, -0.05571151864364326, -0.24172853793891355, 0.05205868661734473, -0.2141505022152079, -0.14635718388089183, 0.02115718789064257, 0.0775831343595327, 0.06423563559352632, -0.2570654482249904, 0.08851001383179374, 0.029456303842836797, 0.04409068923274551, -0.10645402290473574, -0.20831373301748202, -0.11069642599585779, 0.04257747381080561, 0.09302227276612908, 0.004729174970515238, 0.2284925593185494, -0.10919474916517803, -0.058860720994227844, 0.3978589627546578, -0.07056800177992587, -0.09547686077381078, 0.16506027174451923, -0.16371058649158746, -0.10545243916342675, 0.26927944650319785, 0.17572104726229437, 0.135906219353084, -0.15552337379032982, 0.03787099491624147, 0.007107151938336236, 0.18180888684549185, 0.11070348271150789, 0.022080129886254612, 0.17501608380583983, 0.1699672721804598, -0.04206188726436678, 0.059870602540100085, -0.1515446043633775, -0.08286821774704181, -0.3216584644075411, -0.13200405801684167, -0.09648247704118433, 0.07581111501576919, -0.074412058580745, -0.0871052064049205, 0.3284766261544956, 0.028671875827079172, 0.28500561907925215, -0.012265154668022105, 0.2880238032284908, 0.09058144008318271, 0.0775350889774906, 0.07867094793430669, 0.2748520937020096, 0.17643920878221686, 0.11808351520628715, -0.21021193527692073, 0.07329150095031844, 0.03195729460585215]
709.2817
FCNC $B_s$ and $\Lambda_b$ transitions: Standard Model versus a single Universal Extra Dimension scenario
We study the FCNC $B_s \to \phi \gamma, \phi \nu \bar \nu$ and $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma, \Lambda \nu \bar \nu$ transitions in the Standard Model and in a scenario with a single Universal Extra Dimension. In particular, we focus on the present knowledge of the hadronic uncertainties and on possible improvements. We discuss how the measurements of these modes can be used to constrain the new parameter involved in the extra dimensional scenario, the radius $R$ of the extra dimension, completing the information available from B-factories. The rates of these $b \to s$ induced decays are within the reach of new experiments, such as LHCb.
hep-ph
we study the fcnc b_s to phi gamma phi nu bar nu and lambda_b to lambda gamma lambda nu bar nu transitions in the standard model and in a scenario with a single universal extra dimension in particular we focus on the present knowledge of the hadronic uncertainties and on possible improvements we discuss how the measurements of these modes can be used to constrain the new parameter involved in the extra dimensional scenario the radius r of the extra dimension completing the information available from bfactories the rates of these b to s induced decays are within the reach of new experiments such as lhcb
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'fcnc', 'b_s', 'to', 'phi', 'gamma', 'phi', 'nu', 'bar', 'nu', 'and', 'lambda_b', 'to', 'lambda', 'gamma', 'lambda', 'nu', 'bar', 'nu', 'transitions', 'in', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'and', 'in', 'a', 'scenario', 'with', 'a', 'single', 'universal', 'extra', 'dimension', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'present', 'knowledge', 'of', 'the', 'hadronic', 'uncertainties', 'and', 'on', 'possible', 'improvements', 'we', 'discuss', 'how', 'the', 'measurements', 'of', 'these', 'modes', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'constrain', 'the', 'new', 'parameter', 'involved', 'in', 'the', 'extra', 'dimensional', 'scenario', 'the', 'radius', 'r', 'of', 'the', 'extra', 'dimension', 'completing', 'the', 'information', 'available', 'from', 'bfactories', 'the', 'rates', 'of', 'these', 'b', 'to', 's', 'induced', 'decays', 'are', 'within', 'the', 'reach', 'of', 'new', 'experiments', 'such', 'as', 'lhcb']]
[-0.11258298887229823, 0.19649855359369572, -0.031532845156759304, 0.06492115755758758, -0.07556370106297282, -0.15235274502093782, 0.0909295634592813, 0.2938001069398421, -0.264007938358019, -0.24038799956686935, 0.028179042498176952, -0.2894677144457709, -0.039549490243618216, 0.15258548741958122, 0.042136399161053016, 0.07327236962298213, 0.05287351730314769, 0.07129775961193274, -0.06948654930039204, -0.20154624799802406, 0.3041451463985415, 0.03974204861892844, 0.15784865352852306, 0.06956168501593946, -0.019000208479756454, -0.06616164192135604, -0.07772154375067297, -0.03083782099002867, -0.25926966680530106, 0.08271104332064015, 0.20624403787319953, 0.1422820620673691, 0.14570640718986122, -0.3600034376711778, -0.1329120137500313, 0.1704744440151976, 0.13757218276853408, 0.03954747085512247, 0.023053911033543355, -0.32564633859998005, 0.10805864535785008, -0.16737537712016898, -0.11201302277117546, -0.07414940640084305, 0.05602741663021317, -0.06792815351410646, -0.34931394222350615, 0.0651027206133805, 0.005229338893737152, 0.01789134230359264, 0.015513849879597436, -0.20884906294105468, 0.004990389526663524, 0.0863426001720517, 0.10426363546537447, 0.09148811889078715, 0.15761497665530527, -0.1531816196179963, -0.15160480129778525, 0.3811776662280537, -0.121186381502446, -0.21737229712483175, 0.19064117610489703, -0.22554448006657074, -0.1659433453097799, 0.09567964859833976, 0.22814378823057027, 0.05367704876259251, -0.10333293987402939, 0.1858044690831415, -0.014293944705848775, 0.15866556780562155, 0.04623435435043472, 0.07768216389582826, 0.162766671983881, 0.18131329694472886, -0.0022660421530434965, 0.08722535399434525, -0.12230328412041208, -0.02560393156468394, -0.42497297524000116, -0.15236225692810104, -0.09517718675845074, 0.07814217464479986, -0.07687656913913088, -0.04976973364586538, 0.3629652353109054, 0.10270442153966353, 0.2870079904908912, -0.02133077522300465, 0.2792005846002315, 0.07914890991831373, 0.07543311437936763, 0.06161822943579195, 0.26601428228412877, 0.11733866571712326, 0.07916053970572802, -0.2731927341654159, 0.012353658387305672, 0.001206142274346554]
709.2818
Lepton Flavour Violation at the ILC
We explore the possibility of detecting lepton flavour violation, now a well established experimental fact, at the International Linear Collider. Using a model independent approach we conclude that, given all experimental constraints available, there is still room to detect lepton flavour violation at the ILC.
hep-ph
we explore the possibility of detecting lepton flavour violation now a well established experimental fact at the international linear collider using a model independent approach we conclude that given all experimental constraints available there is still room to detect lepton flavour violation at the ilc
[['we', 'explore', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'detecting', 'lepton', 'flavour', 'violation', 'now', 'a', 'well', 'established', 'experimental', 'fact', 'at', 'the', 'international', 'linear', 'collider', 'using', 'a', 'model', 'independent', 'approach', 'we', 'conclude', 'that', 'given', 'all', 'experimental', 'constraints', 'available', 'there', 'is', 'still', 'room', 'to', 'detect', 'lepton', 'flavour', 'violation', 'at', 'the', 'ilc']]
[-0.09512574012042023, 0.1984911199245188, -0.010747581492695543, 0.1380953332849054, -0.11015804963600305, -0.23201046764022773, 0.10176947216192882, 0.3045256712370449, -0.2547804488076104, -0.2916538503434923, 0.06474857034368647, -0.32679903250601555, -0.027902590648995505, 0.1475812018693735, 0.08889026052008073, 0.1538906601154142, 0.06391582935013705, -0.056720610397557415, -0.07013465605365733, -0.2619469145933787, 0.2006783467820949, 0.11247424528830581, 0.2693901914068394, 0.13605757989506756, 0.14638568022184903, -0.050812907030598986, -0.09644346640755733, -0.015376999397348198, -0.07141854282445921, 0.059802044417139974, 0.29684048308990896, 0.19164955948799617, 0.10844805462078916, -0.3672616639484962, -0.13237347412440512, 0.19121554382145406, 0.0655562112107873, 0.15583147613538637, -0.13996243133313127, -0.31750600880218877, 0.09317269088286492, -0.21909117334418826, -0.14015156299703652, -0.09963144647578398, -0.019602142232987615, -0.13388662354813682, -0.319846139392919, 0.047433872220830786, -0.044706194643448625, 0.09172441884875297, 0.04016512259840965, -0.1569216385587222, 0.021144043990514345, 0.008594026064707173, 0.14542038003241436, -0.009148153641985523, 0.12297552400786016, -0.12257587554761105, -0.2150592252612114, 0.4183337371175488, -0.02199333363937007, -0.14642835003323854, 0.19166759639564487, -0.24924459571225777, -0.2521295049900396, 0.012071006745100022, 0.20421426840540435, 0.02875330239120457, -0.18288902369224364, 0.17445762047751082, -0.1234587116787831, 0.1725809426150388, 0.06901040874007676, 0.04655682147842728, 0.27979731957117715, 0.24881223849952222, 0.10581048281035489, 0.055637049592203565, -0.048790021075142756, 0.012707890528771613, -0.5010041336218516, -0.052363584076778755, -0.1197422653876452, 0.04606715155144533, 0.01622283206217819, -0.044493545446958806, 0.3914243378986915, 0.17094308270348443, 0.20415680977619358, 0.02902374157889022, 0.3202708641274108, 0.023652387265529897, 0.07745512104399192, 0.0436402321337179, 0.33561100932872956, 0.07168327836940686, 0.12688417476084496, -0.2707757991842098, 0.08864138793821136, 0.005400043725967407]
709.2819
A New Supersensitive Flame Detector and its Use for Early Forest Fire Detection
A new flame detector, three orders of magnitude more powerful than the existing ones, is presented. This detector needs to be mass-produced for its use in order to be incorporated in an early forest fire detection system. A project able to implement its use to overcome the forest fire emergency is described.
physics.ins-det
a new flame detector three orders of magnitude more powerful than the existing ones is presented this detector needs to be massproduced for its use in order to be incorporated in an early forest fire detection system a project able to implement its use to overcome the forest fire emergency is described
[['a', 'new', 'flame', 'detector', 'three', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'more', 'powerful', 'than', 'the', 'existing', 'ones', 'is', 'presented', 'this', 'detector', 'needs', 'to', 'be', 'massproduced', 'for', 'its', 'use', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'be', 'incorporated', 'in', 'an', 'early', 'forest', 'fire', 'detection', 'system', 'a', 'project', 'able', 'to', 'implement', 'its', 'use', 'to', 'overcome', 'the', 'forest', 'fire', 'emergency', 'is', 'described']]
[-0.020117481783157788, 0.0510693830373594, -0.06406298427744052, 0.07829081556589629, -0.111828094921433, -0.14402601749707872, -0.00830543001827139, 0.37979338146173036, -0.21179444915077722, -0.2963125576408437, 0.16876669748811624, -0.32103959743220073, -0.09455590190191288, 0.22334322140802845, -0.08926169938730219, 0.04552533298220414, 0.03557832638258473, 0.01903942271690959, 0.03231908699784141, -0.30065000934812885, 0.21365834028424266, 0.13365653882591197, 0.2603156434175057, -0.027082859717596035, 0.09477344984546877, -0.05110320376787478, -0.0607965414170534, 0.025763036074260108, -0.07288860630629082, 0.08953999153947315, 0.320937130600214, 0.16679450533746815, 0.2637929771310435, -0.46598432693057334, -0.23683082598906297, 0.13082488591317087, 0.14172443700954318, 0.09752967631301054, -0.010871879601136943, -0.2871263163441864, 0.1057374547011792, -0.25115217021308267, -0.1565800652695963, -0.05966329714283347, -0.03631728996809285, -0.06883328819933993, -0.2549678481971988, -0.03773176074565317, 0.024062253488339663, 0.001426644900885339, 0.06316454606041169, -0.06317141128909917, 0.02271931885759561, 0.1304822292787811, -0.05895312851330695, 0.06296608611368217, 0.142637736737155, -0.1416323774252445, -0.08016958195143022, 0.4183611147678815, -0.06487451908721525, -0.1336408889350983, 0.23589384951628745, -0.07231255543816727, -0.08336909983056383, 0.1551673279150586, 0.23609689542522225, 0.10443096071517524, -0.23723585156795496, -0.061655313779388404, 0.0800699672410981, 0.17362846620380878, 0.02348777887303955, -0.06730413789717624, 0.1681716640551503, 0.30058401020673603, 0.13154590639952893, 0.14645027320455903, -0.09581419624961339, 0.0014243905360882098, -0.22937310594492233, -0.1304216559868879, -0.1319927382775439, -0.016255097262238942, -0.044710672684372045, -0.135095915790701, 0.4248864109842823, 0.28456280692122304, 0.15237969522310707, 0.017508179522477664, 0.3617094535953723, 0.11889548739418387, 0.14852669801061544, 0.056316131103533104, 0.2529239969041485, 0.06038351654290007, 0.11183410159383829, -0.15939984887910003, 0.08790070704148653, 0.04451337293889642]
709.282
On the behaviour of B and Be stars at low metallicity
We present new results obtained with the VLT GIRAFFE for a large sample of B and Be stars belonging to the Magellanic Clouds, i.e. at low metallicity. First, we show the effects of the metallicity of the environment on their rotation (linear, angular, and at the ZAMS). Second, we present the analysis of the effects of metallicity and evolution on the appearance of Be stars. We also new present results about the proportions of Be stars to B stars. Third, by cross-correlation with large photometric surveys such as MACHO and OGLE, we report on the detection for the first time of short-term multi-periodicity in 9 Be stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, which can be interpreted in terms of pulsations.
astro-ph
we present new results obtained with the vlt giraffe for a large sample of b and be stars belonging to the magellanic clouds ie at low metallicity first we show the effects of the metallicity of the environment on their rotation linear angular and at the zams second we present the analysis of the effects of metallicity and evolution on the appearance of be stars we also new present results about the proportions of be stars to b stars third by crosscorrelation with large photometric surveys such as macho and ogle we report on the detection for the first time of shortterm multiperiodicity in 9 be stars in the small magellanic cloud which can be interpreted in terms of pulsations
[['we', 'present', 'new', 'results', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'vlt', 'giraffe', 'for', 'a', 'large', 'sample', 'of', 'b', 'and', 'be', 'stars', 'belonging', 'to', 'the', 'magellanic', 'clouds', 'ie', 'at', 'low', 'metallicity', 'first', 'we', 'show', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'the', 'metallicity', 'of', 'the', 'environment', 'on', 'their', 'rotation', 'linear', 'angular', 'and', 'at', 'the', 'zams', 'second', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'metallicity', 'and', 'evolution', 'on', 'the', 'appearance', 'of', 'be', 'stars', 'we', 'also', 'new', 'present', 'results', 'about', 'the', 'proportions', 'of', 'be', 'stars', 'to', 'b', 'stars', 'third', 'by', 'crosscorrelation', 'with', 'large', 'photometric', 'surveys', 'such', 'as', 'macho', 'and', 'ogle', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'detection', 'for', 'the', 'first', 'time', 'of', 'shortterm', 'multiperiodicity', 'in', '9', 'be', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'small', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'interpreted', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'pulsations']]
[-0.07940034141453604, 0.11937582511454821, -0.07946383933962124, 0.04262091036168082, -0.09739203171532912, -0.002879035919128607, 0.10400634850957431, 0.3774416121576602, -0.20630503354089644, -0.3571550511134168, 0.07836235177722604, -0.2787876238425573, -0.04340961118383954, 0.21348571962832164, -0.07147625551151578, -0.015637649766479928, 0.12659976460660496, -0.0498167845265319, -0.03552943859249354, -0.3061207761056721, 0.3313390624864648, 0.018710692700309058, 0.1252353848501419, -0.03130491593674378, 0.05256591650637953, -0.1246573641236561, -0.08609492293326185, 0.007055498100817204, -0.12019464870293935, 0.06063101752661169, 0.21037052414224794, 0.13646715362083342, 0.2117871090459327, -0.34200709989884975, -0.1546740119966368, 0.04504292519413866, 0.16331084830259593, 0.07857634004806945, -0.06571647479237679, -0.31823028122695785, 0.10774811808175097, -0.16439484782361735, -0.15884696428741638, -0.02180096976226196, 0.05495221622598668, 0.09596481085754931, -0.2370116767750005, 0.11632672064661165, 0.013811291001426676, 0.15672622351751972, -0.11230169037201752, -0.1357802967230479, -0.0281766939520215, 0.1398560562209847, 0.03025838373384128, 0.03420528634815127, 0.060322935262229295, -0.13108301953179763, -0.023081206367351115, 0.41910252306067075, -0.17423810798403186, -0.045868632321556406, 0.1870651937322691, -0.21849923168386642, -0.21028026501298883, 0.03686060762071672, 0.2546260546116779, 0.17996693620613466, -0.16533403378756095, 0.011822942702807874, -0.004179092725583662, 0.1874486092167596, 0.048991614409411945, 0.07431200474578266, 0.29740085317753256, 0.14193070850257453, 0.03016847532708198, 0.11886043463891838, -0.2741778586234432, -0.03708392526799192, -0.2764377675698294, -0.14357322758684557, -0.13437588152786095, 0.04398140253906604, -0.1441114150370898, -0.1377785207470879, 0.3624295427619169, 0.13104018124674136, 0.2307559343908603, 0.06268216785295712, 0.3001967452466488, 0.10998193266859743, 0.1302748816420717, 0.10013564355904236, 0.32154452537264056, 0.13545363873126917, 0.11601553422321255, -0.262217404194962, 0.10310561066338171, 0.0006488214712589979]
709.2821
A priori bounds and a Liouville theorem on a half-space for higher order elliptic Dirichlet problems
We consider the $2m$-th order elliptic boundary value problem $Lu=f(x,u)$ on a bounded smooth domain $\Omega$ in $R^N$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The operator $L$ is a uniformly elliptic operator of order $2m$. We assume that for $s\to \pm\infty$ the nonlinearity $f(x,s)$ behaves like $|s|^q$ multiplied by a continuous and positive function of $x$. Here the exponent $q$ is subcritical, i.e., $q>1$ if $N<=2m$, $1<q<\frac{N+2m}{N-2m}$ if $N>2m$. We prove a priori bounds, i.e, we show that the $L^\infty$-norm of every solution $u$ is bounded by a constant independent of $u$. The solutions are allowed to be sign-changing. The proof is done by a blow-up argument which relies on the following new Liouville-type theorem on a half-space: if $u$ is a classical, bounded, non-negative solution of $(-\Delta)^m u = u^q$ in a half-space with Dirichlet boundary conditions and if $q>1$ is subcritical then $u$ vanishes identically.
math.AP
we consider the 2mth order elliptic boundary value problem lufxu on a bounded smooth domain omega in rn with dirichlet boundary conditions the operator l is a uniformly elliptic operator of order 2m we assume that for sto pminfty the nonlinearity fxs behaves like sq multiplied by a continuous and positive function of x here the exponent q is subcritical ie q1 if n2m 1qfracn2mn2m if n2m we prove a priori bounds ie we show that the linftynorm of every solution u is bounded by a constant independent of u the solutions are allowed to be signchanging the proof is done by a blowup argument which relies on the following new liouvilletype theorem on a halfspace if u is a classical bounded nonnegative solution of deltam u uq in a halfspace with dirichlet boundary conditions and if q1 is subcritical then u vanishes identically
[['we', 'consider', 'the', '2mth', 'order', 'elliptic', 'boundary', 'value', 'problem', 'lufxu', 'on', 'a', 'bounded', 'smooth', 'domain', 'omega', 'in', 'rn', 'with', 'dirichlet', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'the', 'operator', 'l', 'is', 'a', 'uniformly', 'elliptic', 'operator', 'of', 'order', '2m', 'we', 'assume', 'that', 'for', 'sto', 'pminfty', 'the', 'nonlinearity', 'fxs', 'behaves', 'like', 'sq', 'multiplied', 'by', 'a', 'continuous', 'and', 'positive', 'function', 'of', 'x', 'here', 'the', 'exponent', 'q', 'is', 'subcritical', 'ie', 'q1', 'if', 'n2m', '1qfracn2mn2m', 'if', 'n2m', 'we', 'prove', 'a', 'priori', 'bounds', 'ie', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'linftynorm', 'of', 'every', 'solution', 'u', 'is', 'bounded', 'by', 'a', 'constant', 'independent', 'of', 'u', 'the', 'solutions', 'are', 'allowed', 'to', 'be', 'signchanging', 'the', 'proof', 'is', 'done', 'by', 'a', 'blowup', 'argument', 'which', 'relies', 'on', 'the', 'following', 'new', 'liouvilletype', 'theorem', 'on', 'a', 'halfspace', 'if', 'u', 'is', 'a', 'classical', 'bounded', 'nonnegative', 'solution', 'of', 'deltam', 'u', 'uq', 'in', 'a', 'halfspace', 'with', 'dirichlet', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'and', 'if', 'q1', 'is', 'subcritical', 'then', 'u', 'vanishes', 'identically']]
[-0.21373828070668074, 0.11904300406080234, -0.05832827901728191, -0.0018120314160661472, -0.12070916026343846, -0.22482566570316057, 0.020518297861147856, 0.2951146839642441, -0.33182063985655047, -0.1175759190276682, 0.17275683944181935, -0.337626480621162, -0.08519604424555245, 0.15948513759726698, -0.06603156092211969, 0.09027010515345248, 0.05864200096616482, 0.11670332168183335, -0.06993046650089897, -0.23628822314696243, 0.40537463097305565, -0.17299005342321797, 0.1634368578369332, 0.0931137245591287, 0.1097875862134868, -0.016731484845228545, 0.0714301401065415, -0.01595725017535448, -0.24365685985253072, 0.04201835453253031, 0.20559859304148312, 0.03128112223803455, 0.3408477472375844, -0.3602634565080467, -0.18482605637689414, 0.19785833978777997, 0.1298703017214743, -0.04070468378901299, 0.0009389101035919015, -0.25453723968377895, 0.15991417955366205, -0.07587482928220261, -0.20402375544532092, 0.005661428225441621, 0.08627532930536704, 0.05986329336598568, -0.4106635117343256, 0.11810717804656996, 0.13750813708077284, 0.009884703585265817, -0.12963778146956167, -0.12993355268625528, -0.03545739724450595, 0.022733872978609394, 0.021257231773163836, 0.14606555102155316, 0.023939145780640648, -0.08544494961290718, 0.006602396657755533, 0.3139019278757326, -0.11336009702775497, -0.3049353761924105, 0.07954735661225094, -0.2057570850548263, -0.06957738854355745, 0.07258506721028915, 0.09994965962336197, 0.19211035554453573, -0.07844063047260832, 0.2818479843533735, -0.09740254177851929, 0.19624263582868384, 0.1363817359177539, -0.05996113186181112, 0.05477629098845841, 0.09120614305903836, 0.20458083965170842, 0.13211177790234635, 0.004394626551001639, -0.018636377499002467, -0.3970801214283736, -0.11301948327955405, -0.23122546749215547, 0.15214821296073236, -0.13274294355134414, -0.2060877756546154, 0.3000705366355035, 0.043206264510330696, 0.2010960102152939, 0.07588868333642221, 0.20642292380358998, 0.19920418206341825, -0.03664116797988284, 0.13254845513590982, 0.12767500225845332, 0.11391292368973625, 0.0954112744274699, -0.16638700089782113, 0.03598910464963817, 0.17730076123980262]
709.2822
Soliton Stability in a Generalized Sine-Gordon Potential
We study stability of a generalized sine-Gordon model with two coupled scalar fields in two dimensions. Topological soliton solutions are found from the first-order equations that solve the equations of motion. The perturbation equations can be cast in terms of a Schrodinger-like operators for fluctuations and their spectra are calculated.
hep-th
we study stability of a generalized sinegordon model with two coupled scalar fields in two dimensions topological soliton solutions are found from the firstorder equations that solve the equations of motion the perturbation equations can be cast in terms of a schrodingerlike operators for fluctuations and their spectra are calculated
[['we', 'study', 'stability', 'of', 'a', 'generalized', 'sinegordon', 'model', 'with', 'two', 'coupled', 'scalar', 'fields', 'in', 'two', 'dimensions', 'topological', 'soliton', 'solutions', 'are', 'found', 'from', 'the', 'firstorder', 'equations', 'that', 'solve', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'the', 'perturbation', 'equations', 'can', 'be', 'cast', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'a', 'schrodingerlike', 'operators', 'for', 'fluctuations', 'and', 'their', 'spectra', 'are', 'calculated']]
[-0.1848962762951851, 0.14163011648692192, -0.09566568685695528, 0.08371488561853767, -0.050764027093537153, -0.13147273868322373, -0.11258583873510361, 0.26954736264422535, -0.25830521788448096, -0.25681809693574903, 0.10800451782066375, -0.3341123214550316, -0.1665665646828711, 0.1564427358424291, 0.03191746946424246, 0.07787372066639364, 0.04332570409402251, 0.04949985571205616, -0.11373598182806745, -0.221794617138803, 0.3618691529892385, -0.11256978216813877, 0.23174901586025953, -0.009444935712963343, 0.10152206368744374, -0.08630989813245833, 0.029685816429555416, 0.0943686816841364, -0.1257790979796846, 0.07907989185303449, 0.2319319974631071, 0.019743397533893585, 0.20276659071445466, -0.46204523630440236, -0.2571965586207807, 0.05200339987874031, 0.19669412748888135, 0.15502051112242043, -0.03264787642285228, -0.33899985838681457, 0.05420303745195269, -0.13283873319625855, -0.1787233536504209, -0.13754744486883283, -0.04541452064178884, 0.07919772184919566, -0.2516954122669995, 0.12398481543175877, 0.018971054882276805, -0.01653963776305318, -0.18563792120665312, -0.058607838451862335, -0.07045105583965779, 0.05016085051000118, 0.04784666989231482, -0.06314904190134257, 0.052433395022526384, -0.16329897434450685, -0.1414843067736365, 0.4236565402150154, -0.15528446730226278, -0.3207424211502075, 0.10147345695644618, -0.10079765388742089, -0.07828578890301287, 0.12670519098639488, 0.19279041666537522, 0.1939172487705946, -0.21240460254251958, 0.1265762085269671, 0.0026670164056122304, 0.1487352962559089, 0.09557077571749688, 0.017271197279915215, 0.22170296035706996, 0.08085083444137126, 0.004579747896641493, 0.15323193342192098, 0.02177453201264143, -0.2071972548030317, -0.3238941762596369, -0.12398877495899796, -0.0900363596342504, 0.03996681874617934, -0.11579518998943968, -0.17491855802945794, 0.42788417452946303, 0.14017431723885238, 0.15841192377731203, 0.02650534930638969, 0.2065103816986084, 0.2646900017559528, 0.04171758488868363, 0.04786570880562067, 0.2657766929268837, 0.22656537411734462, 0.11153924353420734, -0.24304094278719277, -0.09389096363447606, 0.16145017700269818]
709.2823
On the nature of early-type emission line objects in NGC6611
The number and the nature of emission line stars in the young open cluster NGC6611 is still the object of debates. Due to the presence of a strong and variable nebulosity in the cluster, the number of emission line stars is highly depending on the technique and the resolution used for the observations. Thanks to observations with the ESO-WFI, in slitless spectroscopic mode, and with the VLT-GIRAFFE we have been able to disentangle the circumstellar and nebular emissions. We confirm the small number of true emission line objects and we precise their nature: mainly Herbig Be stars.
astro-ph
the number and the nature of emission line stars in the young open cluster ngc6611 is still the object of debates due to the presence of a strong and variable nebulosity in the cluster the number of emission line stars is highly depending on the technique and the resolution used for the observations thanks to observations with the esowfi in slitless spectroscopic mode and with the vltgiraffe we have been able to disentangle the circumstellar and nebular emissions we confirm the small number of true emission line objects and we precise their nature mainly herbig be stars
[['the', 'number', 'and', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'emission', 'line', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'young', 'open', 'cluster', 'ngc6611', 'is', 'still', 'the', 'object', 'of', 'debates', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'strong', 'and', 'variable', 'nebulosity', 'in', 'the', 'cluster', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'emission', 'line', 'stars', 'is', 'highly', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'technique', 'and', 'the', 'resolution', 'used', 'for', 'the', 'observations', 'thanks', 'to', 'observations', 'with', 'the', 'esowfi', 'in', 'slitless', 'spectroscopic', 'mode', 'and', 'with', 'the', 'vltgiraffe', 'we', 'have', 'been', 'able', 'to', 'disentangle', 'the', 'circumstellar', 'and', 'nebular', 'emissions', 'we', 'confirm', 'the', 'small', 'number', 'of', 'true', 'emission', 'line', 'objects', 'and', 'we', 'precise', 'their', 'nature', 'mainly', 'herbig', 'be', 'stars']]
[-0.057294664760456256, 0.06802674351720926, -0.05377109789471958, 0.05158996945319064, -0.14988630226592428, -0.04756410334969765, 0.07320597885925438, 0.45094789414829817, -0.17804467089752637, -0.35751499790583074, 0.10740364658929523, -0.2696450843293335, -0.018257752161703465, 0.16805003181138298, -0.06286629215458926, -0.007783611343463057, 0.09378898290067565, -0.06743452481483829, 0.04544017928143598, -0.24564955995379725, 0.3466980406611236, 0.06906650960925467, 0.16773903913335086, 0.029659790217338763, 0.02347596955591256, -0.09171666959588676, -0.10071923196815032, -0.010442544605352521, -0.08804491065327347, 0.10961928168016476, 0.20791139765420555, 0.14984393100369453, 0.19757244579541855, -0.3518579986220053, -0.1913135769997829, 0.07354119166578214, 0.18605307552521838, 0.05375758222467506, -0.022809575596277016, -0.3237389560750465, 0.08925140927756954, -0.1187354746015416, -0.18012306428293592, 0.029435351779012336, 0.051154436130729536, 0.04997008696160058, -0.19662536201595338, 0.058809995330802944, 0.014249199061635305, 0.09929487450749219, -0.0989829240386019, -0.07068479742816429, -0.024773162002339193, 0.12286558142411955, 0.049659774708321565, 0.04282826083453046, 0.11017619411355441, -0.1861142835858249, -0.04410669848937349, 0.42109253896957205, -0.07395825906627879, -0.04146737048460036, 0.28244724353180106, -0.22752257313857757, -0.18572784181007365, 0.17953792009166605, 0.1348646301536139, 0.16783048373349396, -0.12395319856280826, 0.00769599129508259, -0.012488220127049796, 0.2218302759694742, 0.017815102891487637, 0.11465901457080521, 0.31404120768852456, 0.09238787904170524, -0.017741814032485037, 0.1390214235096997, -0.30184649853467865, -0.04193521796164017, -0.20385439699688523, -0.14505643706730345, -0.14369657878930794, 0.04064260835077652, -0.0795611936695629, -0.14734193558934308, 0.3530596946750182, 0.13408559915542448, 0.21770825333048388, -0.01689031998598084, 0.2658017686731422, 0.09397560631683499, 0.11050128469906133, 0.098818996969188, 0.3038959131508912, 0.23693906256602598, 0.10944240858547927, -0.2872826107009554, 0.07202032611215699, -0.021055590812616126]
709.2824
Pseudo-Random Fluctuations, Stochastic Cooperativity and Burstiness in Dynamically Unstable High-Dimensional Biochemical Networks
The goal of this paper is to outline a scenario of emerging stochasticity in high-dimensional highly nonlinear systems, such as genetic regulatory networks (GRN). We focus attention on the fact that in such systems confluence of all the factors necessary for gene expression is a comparatively rare event, and only massive redundancy makes such events sufficiently frequent. An immediate consequence of this rareness is burstiness in mRNA and protein copy numbers, a well known experimentally observed effect. We introduce the concept of stochastic cooperativity and show that this phenomenon is a natural consequence of high dimensionality coupled with highly nonlinearity of a dynamical system. In mathematical terms, burstiness is associated with heavy-tailed probability distributions of stochastic processes describing the dynamics of the system. The sequence of stochastic cooperativity events allows for transition from continuous deterministic dynamics expressed in terms of ordinary differential equations (ODE) to discrete stochastic dynamics expressed in terms of Langevin and Fokker-Plank equations. We demonstrate also that high-dimensional nonlinear systems, even in the absence of explicit mechanisms for suppressing inherent instability, may nevertheless reside in a state of stationary pseudo-random fluctuations which for all practical purposes may be regarded as stochastic process. This type of stochastic behavior is an inherent property of such systems and requires neither an external random force, nor highly specialized conditions of bistability.
q-bio.MN q-bio.GN
the goal of this paper is to outline a scenario of emerging stochasticity in highdimensional highly nonlinear systems such as genetic regulatory networks grn we focus attention on the fact that in such systems confluence of all the factors necessary for gene expression is a comparatively rare event and only massive redundancy makes such events sufficiently frequent an immediate consequence of this rareness is burstiness in mrna and protein copy numbers a well known experimentally observed effect we introduce the concept of stochastic cooperativity and show that this phenomenon is a natural consequence of high dimensionality coupled with highly nonlinearity of a dynamical system in mathematical terms burstiness is associated with heavytailed probability distributions of stochastic processes describing the dynamics of the system the sequence of stochastic cooperativity events allows for transition from continuous deterministic dynamics expressed in terms of ordinary differential equations ode to discrete stochastic dynamics expressed in terms of langevin and fokkerplank equations we demonstrate also that highdimensional nonlinear systems even in the absence of explicit mechanisms for suppressing inherent instability may nevertheless reside in a state of stationary pseudorandom fluctuations which for all practical purposes may be regarded as stochastic process this type of stochastic behavior is an inherent property of such systems and requires neither an external random force nor highly specialized conditions of bistability
[['the', 'goal', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'outline', 'a', 'scenario', 'of', 'emerging', 'stochasticity', 'in', 'highdimensional', 'highly', 'nonlinear', 'systems', 'such', 'as', 'genetic', 'regulatory', 'networks', 'grn', 'we', 'focus', 'attention', 'on', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'in', 'such', 'systems', 'confluence', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'factors', 'necessary', 'for', 'gene', 'expression', 'is', 'a', 'comparatively', 'rare', 'event', 'and', 'only', 'massive', 'redundancy', 'makes', 'such', 'events', 'sufficiently', 'frequent', 'an', 'immediate', 'consequence', 'of', 'this', 'rareness', 'is', 'burstiness', 'in', 'mrna', 'and', 'protein', 'copy', 'numbers', 'a', 'well', 'known', 'experimentally', 'observed', 'effect', 'we', 'introduce', 'the', 'concept', 'of', 'stochastic', 'cooperativity', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'phenomenon', 'is', 'a', 'natural', 'consequence', 'of', 'high', 'dimensionality', 'coupled', 'with', 'highly', 'nonlinearity', 'of', 'a', 'dynamical', 'system', 'in', 'mathematical', 'terms', 'burstiness', 'is', 'associated', 'with', 'heavytailed', 'probability', 'distributions', 'of', 'stochastic', 'processes', 'describing', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'the', 'sequence', 'of', 'stochastic', 'cooperativity', 'events', 'allows', 'for', 'transition', 'from', 'continuous', 'deterministic', 'dynamics', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'ordinary', 'differential', 'equations', 'ode', 'to', 'discrete', 'stochastic', 'dynamics', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'langevin', 'and', 'fokkerplank', 'equations', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'also', 'that', 'highdimensional', 'nonlinear', 'systems', 'even', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'explicit', 'mechanisms', 'for', 'suppressing', 'inherent', 'instability', 'may', 'nevertheless', 'reside', 'in', 'a', 'state', 'of', 'stationary', 'pseudorandom', 'fluctuations', 'which', 'for', 'all', 'practical', 'purposes', 'may', 'be', 'regarded', 'as', 'stochastic', 'process', 'this', 'type', 'of', 'stochastic', 'behavior', 'is', 'an', 'inherent', 'property', 'of', 'such', 'systems', 'and', 'requires', 'neither', 'an', 'external', 'random', 'force', 'nor', 'highly', 'specialized', 'conditions', 'of', 'bistability']]
[-0.18263655185106803, 0.11690398080410722, -0.02999114439695735, 0.12039475922757364, -0.057738668599631636, -0.11871492125527848, 0.01809574145061726, 0.3197457670234144, -0.3052464011971923, -0.2577953826001083, 0.07492663931651887, -0.2361307019590723, -0.2502893650459803, 0.19083824110302058, -0.09930428492794321, 0.058970989640907974, 0.06365824953906915, 0.03348569651345976, 0.025909484372558918, -0.18010585178007288, 0.3075839790822515, 0.045500652040804695, 0.26214752977883277, -0.009350021168674257, 0.15871926333585923, -0.00944169138304212, -0.00032190558056093075, 0.015067731666865505, -0.06618595111381596, 0.07346887234280902, 0.2683728077618236, 0.14598384144165638, 0.3072270071620799, -0.44454003340480003, -0.23214039928279817, 0.14476168039201928, 0.17358898296290798, 0.15296971226436487, -0.0636150808184704, -0.2547364445882109, 0.047167042351793496, -0.16310023723582906, -0.1343610825964292, -0.10349436041062952, 0.03735298440918665, 0.07297448833705858, -0.30251143568017475, 0.12162008398326261, 0.1062997301715024, 0.06469971660712459, -0.023442936972556214, -0.053976579182992944, -0.027203152054624462, 0.10024355153383857, 0.04409255131811898, -0.02443767629394477, 0.12767531805544752, -0.14788815427402205, -0.13725841233390385, 0.38062772562473335, -0.05583820369793102, -0.23608242702711404, 0.2270501911534335, -0.13191907708321443, -0.1786612919552929, 0.15362406406043605, 0.20293130466968498, 0.11511688765604049, -0.20402097917341797, 0.0567787501905431, 0.019979040113023736, 0.17522272790930318, 0.02690264119300991, 0.0962017212253572, 0.15562551814470102, 0.21648440813137726, 0.05772064327770336, 0.14398275213263168, -0.03429564965693068, -0.15646192675710402, -0.2800586660868827, -0.13133154118391263, -0.13838566690154205, 0.0876151402773923, -0.11075648961724999, -0.21201693982901898, 0.33873833027160305, 0.13663229005178437, 0.19179628745822067, 0.03923847186537883, 0.25383895844517446, 0.15126690296667883, 0.02144868101035668, 0.012545963588424705, 0.1741681895430454, 0.12526041916148228, 0.10313589411512525, -0.227835694108878, 0.1562773522793908, 0.028802515684880993]
709.2825
A reduced-order strategy for 4D-Var data assimilation
This paper presents a reduced-order approach for four-dimensional variational data assimilation, based on a prior EO F analysis of a model trajectory. This method implies two main advantages: a natural model-based definition of a mul tivariate background error covariance matrix $\textbf{B}_r$, and an important decrease of the computational burden o f the method, due to the drastic reduction of the dimension of the control space. % An illustration of the feasibility and the effectiveness of this method is given in the academic framework of twin experiments for a model of the equatorial Pacific ocean. It is shown that the multivariate aspect of $\textbf{B}_r$ brings additional information which substantially improves the identification procedure. Moreover the computational cost can be decreased by one order of magnitude with regard to the full-space 4D-Var method.
physics.geo-ph math.AP math.OC
this paper presents a reducedorder approach for fourdimensional variational data assimilation based on a prior eo f analysis of a model trajectory this method implies two main advantages a natural modelbased definition of a mul tivariate background error covariance matrix textbfb_r and an important decrease of the computational burden o f the method due to the drastic reduction of the dimension of the control space an illustration of the feasibility and the effectiveness of this method is given in the academic framework of twin experiments for a model of the equatorial pacific ocean it is shown that the multivariate aspect of textbfb_r brings additional information which substantially improves the identification procedure moreover the computational cost can be decreased by one order of magnitude with regard to the fullspace 4dvar method
[['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'reducedorder', 'approach', 'for', 'fourdimensional', 'variational', 'data', 'assimilation', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'prior', 'eo', 'f', 'analysis', 'of', 'a', 'model', 'trajectory', 'this', 'method', 'implies', 'two', 'main', 'advantages', 'a', 'natural', 'modelbased', 'definition', 'of', 'a', 'mul', 'tivariate', 'background', 'error', 'covariance', 'matrix', 'textbfb_r', 'and', 'an', 'important', 'decrease', 'of', 'the', 'computational', 'burden', 'o', 'f', 'the', 'method', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'drastic', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'dimension', 'of', 'the', 'control', 'space', 'an', 'illustration', 'of', 'the', 'feasibility', 'and', 'the', 'effectiveness', 'of', 'this', 'method', 'is', 'given', 'in', 'the', 'academic', 'framework', 'of', 'twin', 'experiments', 'for', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'the', 'equatorial', 'pacific', 'ocean', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'multivariate', 'aspect', 'of', 'textbfb_r', 'brings', 'additional', 'information', 'which', 'substantially', 'improves', 'the', 'identification', 'procedure', 'moreover', 'the', 'computational', 'cost', 'can', 'be', 'decreased', 'by', 'one', 'order', 'of', 'magnitude', 'with', 'regard', 'to', 'the', 'fullspace', '4dvar', 'method']]
[-0.07181005504469967, 0.021778434605060848, -0.09230318530756013, 0.022887944059600453, -0.06900752196821758, -0.08422063254406602, 0.05563754281927428, 0.31004632067844623, -0.2629402283007118, -0.3391564688461972, 0.11204328244885679, -0.2300190916944911, -0.1776503745473804, 0.210869282157725, -0.12825726971440898, 0.0691998380485658, 0.10384684526104862, 0.030215148205362904, -0.0785177269236434, -0.263153686708822, 0.2861342776344913, 0.07754741943492664, 0.3381421793413561, 0.03567501385219571, 0.13574736291179654, -0.009305703014641354, -0.05144131445214996, 0.01369403479011238, -0.07311363963578235, 0.20402041974653468, 0.23217762946554527, 0.17471152376273544, 0.34493075764378694, -0.3588969975225921, -0.2237967956613192, 0.09326439683039592, 0.13239173683535865, 0.10469036269474657, -0.025982399792850427, -0.27083953553590717, 0.047715237261507455, -0.19703511692818224, -0.13328879735777227, -0.06463488825875532, -0.004761273404363338, -0.043086851419015665, -0.3212901236430749, 0.08918046634314274, 0.09950908299491514, 0.07046460190523915, -0.06292273775183076, -0.13554382414051044, -0.008497466598124075, 0.06957540376108198, 0.09025197264767713, 0.06775360670597036, 0.11180536697919327, -0.0907689654983316, -0.09585034720027658, 0.368387864341622, -0.05975982535393967, -0.22448952705736866, 0.15257303640576386, -0.08472416818684597, -0.11667589128281422, 0.15438608888272695, 0.18605925278430144, 0.09390708469367755, -0.13580573688253877, 0.10568571059806932, -0.01631487428218009, 0.177547555167492, 0.021944148632822427, -0.025833860569538212, 0.11096716478950983, 0.2499353151299118, 0.12083555022841246, 0.14212572663622783, -0.10355198381681317, -0.07921766320987803, -0.28367910711974725, -0.18505879920562657, -0.17722894766873967, -0.021317435262585425, -0.1371965225725013, -0.15166526238730096, 0.4110831917908893, 0.19989423000613066, 0.17002513157350457, 0.029646888794194116, 0.35493190263720653, 0.10874549688140708, 0.037002910291556064, 0.045080205561285176, 0.19704352783435208, 0.10902987338243214, 0.09293826395557739, -0.25220362294472637, 0.07416791526424721, 0.0804676228939871]
709.2826
Sudakov resummation in QCD
In this PhD thesis, we analyze and generalize the renormalization group approach to the resummation of large logarithms in the perturbative expansion due to soft and collinear multiparton emissions. In particular, we present a generalization of this approach to prompt photon production. It is interesting to see that also with the more intricate two-scale kinematics that characterizes prompt photon production in the soft limit, it remains true that resummation simply follows from general kinematic properties of the phase space. Also, this approach does not require a separate treatment of individual colour structures when more than one colour structure contributes to fixed order results. However, the resummation formulae obtained here turn out to be less predictive than previous results: this depends on the fact that here neither specific factorization properties of the cross section in the soft limit is assumed, nor that soft emission satisfies eikonal-like relations. We also derive resumation formulae to all logarithmic accuracy and valid for all values of rapidity for the prompt photon production and the Drell-Yan rapidity distributions. We show that for the fixed-target experiment E866/NuSea, the NLL resummation corrections are comparable to NLO fixed-order corrections and are crucial to obtain agreement with the data. Finally we outline also possible future applications of the renormalization group approach.
hep-ph
in this phd thesis we analyze and generalize the renormalization group approach to the resummation of large logarithms in the perturbative expansion due to soft and collinear multiparton emissions in particular we present a generalization of this approach to prompt photon production it is interesting to see that also with the more intricate twoscale kinematics that characterizes prompt photon production in the soft limit it remains true that resummation simply follows from general kinematic properties of the phase space also this approach does not require a separate treatment of individual colour structures when more than one colour structure contributes to fixed order results however the resummation formulae obtained here turn out to be less predictive than previous results this depends on the fact that here neither specific factorization properties of the cross section in the soft limit is assumed nor that soft emission satisfies eikonallike relations we also derive resumation formulae to all logarithmic accuracy and valid for all values of rapidity for the prompt photon production and the drellyan rapidity distributions we show that for the fixedtarget experiment e866nusea the nll resummation corrections are comparable to nlo fixedorder corrections and are crucial to obtain agreement with the data finally we outline also possible future applications of the renormalization group approach
[['in', 'this', 'phd', 'thesis', 'we', 'analyze', 'and', 'generalize', 'the', 'renormalization', 'group', 'approach', 'to', 'the', 'resummation', 'of', 'large', 'logarithms', 'in', 'the', 'perturbative', 'expansion', 'due', 'to', 'soft', 'and', 'collinear', 'multiparton', 'emissions', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'this', 'approach', 'to', 'prompt', 'photon', 'production', 'it', 'is', 'interesting', 'to', 'see', 'that', 'also', 'with', 'the', 'more', 'intricate', 'twoscale', 'kinematics', 'that', 'characterizes', 'prompt', 'photon', 'production', 'in', 'the', 'soft', 'limit', 'it', 'remains', 'true', 'that', 'resummation', 'simply', 'follows', 'from', 'general', 'kinematic', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'phase', 'space', 'also', 'this', 'approach', 'does', 'not', 'require', 'a', 'separate', 'treatment', 'of', 'individual', 'colour', 'structures', 'when', 'more', 'than', 'one', 'colour', 'structure', 'contributes', 'to', 'fixed', 'order', 'results', 'however', 'the', 'resummation', 'formulae', 'obtained', 'here', 'turn', 'out', 'to', 'be', 'less', 'predictive', 'than', 'previous', 'results', 'this', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'here', 'neither', 'specific', 'factorization', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'cross', 'section', 'in', 'the', 'soft', 'limit', 'is', 'assumed', 'nor', 'that', 'soft', 'emission', 'satisfies', 'eikonallike', 'relations', 'we', 'also', 'derive', 'resumation', 'formulae', 'to', 'all', 'logarithmic', 'accuracy', 'and', 'valid', 'for', 'all', 'values', 'of', 'rapidity', 'for', 'the', 'prompt', 'photon', 'production', 'and', 'the', 'drellyan', 'rapidity', 'distributions', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'the', 'fixedtarget', 'experiment', 'e866nusea', 'the', 'nll', 'resummation', 'corrections', 'are', 'comparable', 'to', 'nlo', 'fixedorder', 'corrections', 'and', 'are', 'crucial', 'to', 'obtain', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'data', 'finally', 'we', 'outline', 'also', 'possible', 'future', 'applications', 'of', 'the', 'renormalization', 'group', 'approach']]
[-0.03998118192751967, 0.12296438840543686, -0.15956337300628, 0.15260737532445218, -0.08533461468395781, -0.08102171093013615, 0.02886270926738383, 0.3976955445896022, -0.1923817500408068, -0.2607469387039083, 0.02196377552627813, -0.3131538631838098, -0.08005472301765923, 0.17100937254668955, -0.03125484292456104, 0.05900591804478505, 0.07203185013649871, -0.01597860075921809, -0.07653832906814098, -0.2328853036190926, 0.32497035727231494, 0.055640187313100456, 0.2484078668102057, 0.14584783730715054, 0.058929787254097796, 0.06961876106828063, -0.07356823036271717, -0.014771265296240104, -0.12250602295048704, 0.09155375846072378, 0.268275721111198, 0.053095637736797895, 0.16719030588423894, -0.35373855811340726, -0.13677027857513718, 0.09261411608315968, 0.1704987153958229, 0.09483107767328267, -0.007282431845545495, -0.2112726109914517, 0.10665232234196384, -0.23513614584502027, -0.14793706453687808, -0.13271288951126178, -0.004558506973476206, -0.039048318255149816, -0.2597904658575114, 0.08773011940154048, 0.03785474575290201, -0.030570472052894086, 0.007636384391865883, -0.106207101052446, -0.026070420815657948, 0.08671087622314237, 0.10095199610005129, 0.042495420691446885, 0.13491809480686748, -0.1911344522973346, -0.13387275162987164, 0.38155966785281753, -0.03291198038382972, -0.1549147009503061, 0.15648356093407137, -0.22443231248619008, -0.2006321213725663, 0.14460104096998677, 0.16356634925079855, 0.14546187093781562, -0.16810239585271267, 0.08647138818792813, -0.0021810790620991403, 0.18271961950882387, 0.0684749266067608, 0.07183223496457, 0.11016185261017833, 0.13386082558967702, 0.009333468533354983, 0.10542516799376597, -0.06647864769442421, -0.11134410427162707, -0.4218223254898148, -0.11183351773539144, -0.09482066935232854, 0.05577283229991149, -0.10531784873641972, -0.14693804858561377, 0.3364173733514526, 0.19658428233106381, 0.2255299547974073, 0.08250797958823883, 0.33234445488530595, 0.1396623894216943, 0.09211836003817582, 0.07860798192579052, 0.2859518940944525, 0.12400043748817914, 0.08509665441639187, -0.2055926586019087, 0.05692548911480048, 0.06470625148203347]
709.2827
An analytically solvable model of the effect of magnetic breakdown on angle-dependent magnetoresistance in a quasi-two-dimensional metal
We have developed an analytical model of angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations (AMROs) in a quasi-two-dimensional metal in which magnetic breakdown occurs. The model takes account of all the contributions from quasiparticles undergoing both magnetic breakdown and Bragg reflection at each junction and allows extremely efficient simulation of data which can be compared with recent experimental results on the organic metal kappa-ET2Cu(NCS)2. AMROs resulting from both closed and open orbits emerge naturally at low field, and the model enables the transition to breakdown-AMROs with increasing field to be described in detail.
cond-mat.str-el
we have developed an analytical model of angledependent magnetoresistance oscillations amros in a quasitwodimensional metal in which magnetic breakdown occurs the model takes account of all the contributions from quasiparticles undergoing both magnetic breakdown and bragg reflection at each junction and allows extremely efficient simulation of data which can be compared with recent experimental results on the organic metal kappaet2cuncs2 amros resulting from both closed and open orbits emerge naturally at low field and the model enables the transition to breakdownamros with increasing field to be described in detail
[['we', 'have', 'developed', 'an', 'analytical', 'model', 'of', 'angledependent', 'magnetoresistance', 'oscillations', 'amros', 'in', 'a', 'quasitwodimensional', 'metal', 'in', 'which', 'magnetic', 'breakdown', 'occurs', 'the', 'model', 'takes', 'account', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'contributions', 'from', 'quasiparticles', 'undergoing', 'both', 'magnetic', 'breakdown', 'and', 'bragg', 'reflection', 'at', 'each', 'junction', 'and', 'allows', 'extremely', 'efficient', 'simulation', 'of', 'data', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'compared', 'with', 'recent', 'experimental', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'organic', 'metal', 'kappaet2cuncs2', 'amros', 'resulting', 'from', 'both', 'closed', 'and', 'open', 'orbits', 'emerge', 'naturally', 'at', 'low', 'field', 'and', 'the', 'model', 'enables', 'the', 'transition', 'to', 'breakdownamros', 'with', 'increasing', 'field', 'to', 'be', 'described', 'in', 'detail']]
[-0.13764322493439432, 0.1705168263958941, -0.07013710582329111, 0.021882430655646257, -0.03847606189752362, -0.147974730089264, 0.04875023719244476, 0.3641768321314634, -0.21940998302708412, -0.33243489667944526, 0.03095403951512457, -0.28670803986602844, -0.1406822481310402, 0.22888453591925403, 0.01822712881511998, -0.009189484962101641, 0.0012040905153978317, -0.02036443660330113, -0.05976815088705598, -0.1605627889391677, 0.2698416541512499, 0.03959439570705096, 0.31076996994001427, 0.0747845365301888, 0.07402406105016969, -0.015421697457759887, 0.07156702513196345, 0.06324031762243516, -0.09550612041845132, 0.03875473057101855, 0.24326836105821462, -0.050620980705295145, 0.1645573340945117, -0.5023434380518979, -0.20445257954663415, 0.024018521891671352, 0.1810135266177581, 0.16969963202477786, -0.09559067663196046, -0.29682379123893965, 0.0342497849280293, -0.15321728513287058, -0.11854890665446205, -0.09144028466216278, -0.04773285490160958, -0.0030305882187924168, -0.28533285181840945, 0.09344590113273468, 0.030154401797737027, 0.06095047390366765, -0.10171667025652019, -0.08402713412223597, -0.03259317353153708, 0.09997406629203208, 0.05660851507035523, 0.044049022510519314, 0.13286738223717387, -0.0995904655950465, -0.0927932845728322, 0.3787126883264931, -0.07735572834552705, -0.09944823474205773, 0.19555373545521978, -0.21874541773236003, -0.06826623710643115, 0.21089556081027822, 0.16471810529179787, 0.07685928395179893, -0.1193790602679739, 0.08503658076169186, -0.011494262101150107, 0.09002121618611673, 0.02379454821669336, 0.020983709603141266, 0.27361012408616897, 0.20604181002314342, -0.048710487052348664, 0.1269343093883289, -0.11798961729282277, -0.088905968783616, -0.2354769353037593, -0.12215422925635658, -0.13286961494254526, 0.046763597816314506, -0.055577729565717666, -0.18586683297936601, 0.39705666460781947, 0.1781448306242839, 0.2296322229821449, -0.02322258739518109, 0.2918632470510215, 0.1420923587598506, 0.0900757853584043, 0.05675807255239965, 0.21524351949792828, 0.16664433856120056, 0.1137303667539067, -0.25185712756075224, 0.04554117226775136, -0.033858510986741246]
709.2828
Microlensing variability in the gravitationally lensed quasar Q2237+0305 = the Einstein Cross, I. Spectrophotometric monitoring with the VLT
We present the results of the first long-term (2.2 years) spectroscopic monitoring of a gravitationally lensed quasar, namely the Einstein Cross Q2237+0305. The goal of this paper is to present the observational facts to be compared in follow-up papers with theoretical models to constrain the inner structure of the source quasar. We spatially deconvolve deep VLT/FORS1 spectra to accurately separate the spectrum of the lensing galaxy from the spectra of the quasar images. Accurate cross-calibration of the 58 observations at 31-epoch from October 2004 to December 2006 is carried out with non-variable foreground stars observed simultaneously with the quasar. The quasar spectra are further decomposed into a continuum component and several broad emission lines to infer the variations of these spectral components. We find prominent microlensing events in the quasar images A and B, while images C and D are almost quiescent on a timescale of a few months. The strongest variations are observed in the continuum of image A. Their amplitude is larger in the blue (0.7 mag) than in the red (0.5 mag), consistent with microlensing of an accretion disk. Variations in the intensity and profile of the broad emission lines are also reported, most prominently in the wings of the CIII] and center of the CIV emission lines. During a strong microlensing episode observed in June 2006 in quasar image A, the broad component of the CIII] is more highly magnified than the narrow component. In addition, the emission lines with higher ionization potentials are more magnified than the lines with lower ionization potentials, consistent with the results obtained with reverberation mapping. Finally, we find that the V-band differential extinction by the lens, between the quasar images, is in the range 0.1-0.3 mag.
astro-ph
we present the results of the first longterm 22 years spectroscopic monitoring of a gravitationally lensed quasar namely the einstein cross q22370305 the goal of this paper is to present the observational facts to be compared in followup papers with theoretical models to constrain the inner structure of the source quasar we spatially deconvolve deep vltfors1 spectra to accurately separate the spectrum of the lensing galaxy from the spectra of the quasar images accurate crosscalibration of the 58 observations at 31epoch from october 2004 to december 2006 is carried out with nonvariable foreground stars observed simultaneously with the quasar the quasar spectra are further decomposed into a continuum component and several broad emission lines to infer the variations of these spectral components we find prominent microlensing events in the quasar images a and b while images c and d are almost quiescent on a timescale of a few months the strongest variations are observed in the continuum of image a their amplitude is larger in the blue 07 mag than in the red 05 mag consistent with microlensing of an accretion disk variations in the intensity and profile of the broad emission lines are also reported most prominently in the wings of the ciii and center of the civ emission lines during a strong microlensing episode observed in june 2006 in quasar image a the broad component of the ciii is more highly magnified than the narrow component in addition the emission lines with higher ionization potentials are more magnified than the lines with lower ionization potentials consistent with the results obtained with reverberation mapping finally we find that the vband differential extinction by the lens between the quasar images is in the range 0103 mag
[['we', 'present', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'first', 'longterm', '22', 'years', 'spectroscopic', 'monitoring', 'of', 'a', 'gravitationally', 'lensed', 'quasar', 'namely', 'the', 'einstein', 'cross', 'q22370305', 'the', 'goal', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'present', 'the', 'observational', 'facts', 'to', 'be', 'compared', 'in', 'followup', 'papers', 'with', 'theoretical', 'models', 'to', 'constrain', 'the', 'inner', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'source', 'quasar', 'we', 'spatially', 'deconvolve', 'deep', 'vltfors1', 'spectra', 'to', 'accurately', 'separate', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'lensing', 'galaxy', 'from', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'the', 'quasar', 'images', 'accurate', 'crosscalibration', 'of', 'the', '58', 'observations', 'at', '31epoch', 'from', 'october', '2004', 'to', 'december', '2006', 'is', 'carried', 'out', 'with', 'nonvariable', 'foreground', 'stars', 'observed', 'simultaneously', 'with', 'the', 'quasar', 'the', 'quasar', 'spectra', 'are', 'further', 'decomposed', 'into', 'a', 'continuum', 'component', 'and', 'several', 'broad', 'emission', 'lines', 'to', 'infer', 'the', 'variations', 'of', 'these', 'spectral', 'components', 'we', 'find', 'prominent', 'microlensing', 'events', 'in', 'the', 'quasar', 'images', 'a', 'and', 'b', 'while', 'images', 'c', 'and', 'd', 'are', 'almost', 'quiescent', 'on', 'a', 'timescale', 'of', 'a', 'few', 'months', 'the', 'strongest', 'variations', 'are', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'continuum', 'of', 'image', 'a', 'their', 'amplitude', 'is', 'larger', 'in', 'the', 'blue', '07', 'mag', 'than', 'in', 'the', 'red', '05', 'mag', 'consistent', 'with', 'microlensing', 'of', 'an', 'accretion', 'disk', 'variations', 'in', 'the', 'intensity', 'and', 'profile', 'of', 'the', 'broad', 'emission', 'lines', 'are', 'also', 'reported', 'most', 'prominently', 'in', 'the', 'wings', 'of', 'the', 'ciii', 'and', 'center', 'of', 'the', 'civ', 'emission', 'lines', 'during', 'a', 'strong', 'microlensing', 'episode', 'observed', 'in', 'june', '2006', 'in', 'quasar', 'image', 'a', 'the', 'broad', 'component', 'of', 'the', 'ciii', 'is', 'more', 'highly', 'magnified', 'than', 'the', 'narrow', 'component', 'in', 'addition', 'the', 'emission', 'lines', 'with', 'higher', 'ionization', 'potentials', 'are', 'more', 'magnified', 'than', 'the', 'lines', 'with', 'lower', 'ionization', 'potentials', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'results', 'obtained', 'with', 'reverberation', 'mapping', 'finally', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'vband', 'differential', 'extinction', 'by', 'the', 'lens', 'between', 'the', 'quasar', 'images', 'is', 'in', 'the', 'range', '0103', 'mag']]
[-0.040934563369343153, 0.03724847615235934, -0.05151699003518412, 0.06465336382225678, -0.07601471929892636, -0.0903290268695472, 0.0005673663351652131, 0.4638262286782265, -0.14035172128126744, -0.3348243579105066, 0.05697801894990302, -0.34289581398561336, -0.03798845196867835, 0.19583887097899588, -0.0498630018210398, -0.016175804709966636, 0.07230502949668127, -0.10737518591544869, -0.020339952729920154, -0.2708033816447776, 0.2846561996396958, 0.06667312455124613, 0.16993052255415375, -0.015575087914374052, 0.050245750845785725, -0.0788676466727466, -0.1330359710102672, -0.003475031171712959, -0.10019450314404757, 0.09857298585406521, 0.24730641778550577, 0.13587579266249872, 0.207950779579155, -0.29486263241259414, -0.21051989966970786, 0.056985051685682776, 0.15852104974685954, 0.04610784031826545, 0.007768451843896815, -0.3297974827928109, 0.04298803786565386, -0.12438851778248423, -0.11839650384428209, 0.08893643629026453, 0.08017603207641004, 0.021855439400717026, -0.20569889159125618, 0.1315138717920299, 0.01600498181457321, 0.13222305041067955, -0.10809193313562948, -0.05373638061267373, -0.08003840041265153, 0.0701070104692981, 0.024739628916263186, 0.05872591076206351, 0.14367002627338496, -0.1514485527452563, -0.04886750282582892, 0.4199890484959867, -0.11912502062587647, 0.03681033125572037, 0.1748090116053885, -0.2138200042426194, -0.18164043104390434, 0.22903030419460776, 0.1662911957080819, 0.13979089075797482, -0.1342321128847911, -0.03822778000091938, -0.03181263690226172, 0.2611975478988729, 0.03037420298021875, 0.04986280264795488, 0.2936202892894742, 0.06164467101263111, 0.03185823357543038, 0.1118162477574834, -0.2873210001745049, -0.007508452589574613, -0.26336524316943005, -0.057292294095774805, -0.10789198636714566, 0.08467845777294745, -0.11917421038220677, -0.12364872428956196, 0.42736051869987135, 0.1255155849392044, 0.27372229879297183, 0.04063536236144341, 0.31294921475152176, 0.11561508839459796, 0.09397279638041367, 0.07814256213768794, 0.37513890730119065, 0.17155447552111328, 0.12901181513321047, -0.192495518740626, 0.04498380107412997, -0.020996200910916453]
709.2829
Theory of biphoton generation in a single-resonant optical parametric oscillator far below threshold
We present a quantum-theoretical treatment of biphoton generation in single-resonant type-II parametric down-conversion. The nonlinear medium is continuously pumped and is placed inside a cavity which is resonant for the signal field, but nonresonant for the idler deflected by an intra-cavity polarizing beam splitter. The intensity of the classical pump is assumed to be sufficiently low in order to yield a biphoton production rate that is small compared to the cavity loss rate. Explicit expressions are derived for the rate of biphoton generation and for the biphoton wave function. The output spectra of the signal and idler field are determined, as well as the second-order signal-idler cross-correlation function which is shown to be asymmetric with respect to the time delay. Due to frequency entanglement in the signal-idler photon pair, the idler spectrum is found to reveal the longitudinal mode structure of the cavity, even though the idler field is not resonant.
quant-ph
we present a quantumtheoretical treatment of biphoton generation in singleresonant typeii parametric downconversion the nonlinear medium is continuously pumped and is placed inside a cavity which is resonant for the signal field but nonresonant for the idler deflected by an intracavity polarizing beam splitter the intensity of the classical pump is assumed to be sufficiently low in order to yield a biphoton production rate that is small compared to the cavity loss rate explicit expressions are derived for the rate of biphoton generation and for the biphoton wave function the output spectra of the signal and idler field are determined as well as the secondorder signalidler crosscorrelation function which is shown to be asymmetric with respect to the time delay due to frequency entanglement in the signalidler photon pair the idler spectrum is found to reveal the longitudinal mode structure of the cavity even though the idler field is not resonant
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'quantumtheoretical', 'treatment', 'of', 'biphoton', 'generation', 'in', 'singleresonant', 'typeii', 'parametric', 'downconversion', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'medium', 'is', 'continuously', 'pumped', 'and', 'is', 'placed', 'inside', 'a', 'cavity', 'which', 'is', 'resonant', 'for', 'the', 'signal', 'field', 'but', 'nonresonant', 'for', 'the', 'idler', 'deflected', 'by', 'an', 'intracavity', 'polarizing', 'beam', 'splitter', 'the', 'intensity', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'pump', 'is', 'assumed', 'to', 'be', 'sufficiently', 'low', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'yield', 'a', 'biphoton', 'production', 'rate', 'that', 'is', 'small', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'cavity', 'loss', 'rate', 'explicit', 'expressions', 'are', 'derived', 'for', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'biphoton', 'generation', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'biphoton', 'wave', 'function', 'the', 'output', 'spectra', 'of', 'the', 'signal', 'and', 'idler', 'field', 'are', 'determined', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'secondorder', 'signalidler', 'crosscorrelation', 'function', 'which', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'asymmetric', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'time', 'delay', 'due', 'to', 'frequency', 'entanglement', 'in', 'the', 'signalidler', 'photon', 'pair', 'the', 'idler', 'spectrum', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'reveal', 'the', 'longitudinal', 'mode', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'cavity', 'even', 'though', 'the', 'idler', 'field', 'is', 'not', 'resonant']]
[-0.15136771439651756, 0.20773722838993194, -0.06496751374127158, 0.03709076434861104, -0.04499192007613794, -0.14758932090592602, 0.009452531620742914, 0.44624261893578715, -0.2506001317096467, -0.2563533292491982, 0.029125416967462722, -0.26196677053026507, -0.046747713540958254, 0.23793024868883242, 0.02413645712967148, 0.09726278568056738, 0.0021149311692682127, 0.033986919422307055, 0.03238146529773509, -0.14958115014345316, 0.2761183512976874, 0.09413905775433543, 0.349860809095796, 0.024487880986825323, 0.12117704811015641, 0.01172177695564383, 0.010550061717632517, -0.09531627086743663, -0.04600802135588455, 0.05644049924884657, 0.24444978925343974, 0.07473159588409653, 0.22392162141723201, -0.3543668089076778, -0.1898577008766449, 0.10079441346892692, 0.15750995027949874, 0.157405257894232, -0.04544909663547743, -0.2807891420736317, 0.03587136117260385, -0.12682622921844292, -0.086340968117784, -0.01406400961900093, -0.022120817429509432, 0.050151237265040345, -0.35702212813151507, 0.09713628789909579, 0.030639557547972148, 0.01837264595473099, 0.011241471080343849, -0.011975272797627856, -0.08058319614108479, 0.046524691858038994, 0.014085434876777084, 0.050002906351220726, 0.15314695666719919, -0.16438715184255448, -0.08596657457705957, 0.3678478326826566, -0.11529770602290179, -0.17950739858063733, 0.08528966133926828, -0.21967999409230438, 0.039939778113725365, 0.21112722764100064, 0.18225502375735353, 0.08850067381173471, -0.11015267609980957, -0.019863776945307023, 0.004000825631769146, 0.2647628435812619, 0.16212512822729222, 0.15848776802963374, 0.22150770533330344, 0.10698615818821042, 0.03692548651716962, 0.21496672088138463, -0.11787083798179877, -0.05013460003453251, -0.3111924968878831, -0.10843149861259176, -0.20907386562024516, 0.03191957869667202, -0.038335206018608924, -0.12476520782505433, 0.4192937800278332, 0.07118373097635425, 0.15066762421502183, 0.012689831569507126, 0.3514630222748595, 0.2519953499736252, 0.05401592454348771, 0.010317571911442754, 0.35233856594523055, 0.21076917681466814, 0.08028612931957468, -0.27637302648239087, 0.012588663085283626, -0.025126926832221792]
709.283
Behavioral Portfolio Selection in Continuous Time
This paper formulates and studies a general continuous-time behavioral portfolio selection model under Kahneman and Tversky's (cumulative) prospect theory, featuring S-shaped utility (value) functions and probability distortions. Unlike the conventional expected utility maximization model, such a behavioral model could be easily mis-formulated (a.k.a. ill-posed) if its different components do not coordinate well with each other. Certain classes of an ill-posed model are identified. A systematic approach, which is fundamentally different from the ones employed for the utility model, is developed to solve a well-posed model, assuming a complete market and general It\^o processes for asset prices. The optimal terminal wealth positions, derived in fairly explicit forms, possess surprisingly simple structure reminiscent of a gambling policy betting on a good state of the world while accepting a fixed, known loss in case of a bad one. An example with a two-piece CRRA utility is presented to illustrate the general results obtained, and is solved completely for all admissible parameters. The effect of the behavioral criterion on the risky allocations is finally discussed.
q-fin.PM math.OC math.PR
this paper formulates and studies a general continuoustime behavioral portfolio selection model under kahneman and tverskys cumulative prospect theory featuring sshaped utility value functions and probability distortions unlike the conventional expected utility maximization model such a behavioral model could be easily misformulated aka illposed if its different components do not coordinate well with each other certain classes of an illposed model are identified a systematic approach which is fundamentally different from the ones employed for the utility model is developed to solve a wellposed model assuming a complete market and general ito processes for asset prices the optimal terminal wealth positions derived in fairly explicit forms possess surprisingly simple structure reminiscent of a gambling policy betting on a good state of the world while accepting a fixed known loss in case of a bad one an example with a twopiece crra utility is presented to illustrate the general results obtained and is solved completely for all admissible parameters the effect of the behavioral criterion on the risky allocations is finally discussed
[['this', 'paper', 'formulates', 'and', 'studies', 'a', 'general', 'continuoustime', 'behavioral', 'portfolio', 'selection', 'model', 'under', 'kahneman', 'and', 'tverskys', 'cumulative', 'prospect', 'theory', 'featuring', 'sshaped', 'utility', 'value', 'functions', 'and', 'probability', 'distortions', 'unlike', 'the', 'conventional', 'expected', 'utility', 'maximization', 'model', 'such', 'a', 'behavioral', 'model', 'could', 'be', 'easily', 'misformulated', 'aka', 'illposed', 'if', 'its', 'different', 'components', 'do', 'not', 'coordinate', 'well', 'with', 'each', 'other', 'certain', 'classes', 'of', 'an', 'illposed', 'model', 'are', 'identified', 'a', 'systematic', 'approach', 'which', 'is', 'fundamentally', 'different', 'from', 'the', 'ones', 'employed', 'for', 'the', 'utility', 'model', 'is', 'developed', 'to', 'solve', 'a', 'wellposed', 'model', 'assuming', 'a', 'complete', 'market', 'and', 'general', 'ito', 'processes', 'for', 'asset', 'prices', 'the', 'optimal', 'terminal', 'wealth', 'positions', 'derived', 'in', 'fairly', 'explicit', 'forms', 'possess', 'surprisingly', 'simple', 'structure', 'reminiscent', 'of', 'a', 'gambling', 'policy', 'betting', 'on', 'a', 'good', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'world', 'while', 'accepting', 'a', 'fixed', 'known', 'loss', 'in', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'bad', 'one', 'an', 'example', 'with', 'a', 'twopiece', 'crra', 'utility', 'is', 'presented', 'to', 'illustrate', 'the', 'general', 'results', 'obtained', 'and', 'is', 'solved', 'completely', 'for', 'all', 'admissible', 'parameters', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'behavioral', 'criterion', 'on', 'the', 'risky', 'allocations', 'is', 'finally', 'discussed']]
[-0.08293024504776386, 0.017586550734396203, -0.09550598453565994, 0.13614133398651201, -0.11418371995198814, -0.20134143331464763, 0.08185326526598895, 0.3932974380057524, -0.2925327700453208, -0.25330521100036363, 0.11716655003153445, -0.24756305846385657, -0.1812960872097927, 0.1911385898464633, -0.1262868524515344, 0.056546676585875345, 0.02615310013609226, 0.03225047845968648, -0.019910187257782503, -0.25590957466321174, 0.2948470174444511, 0.05982881514903377, 0.3116172570201075, -0.006905150201568819, 0.13766069647112197, 0.02355084690703627, 0.0025379455408684032, 0.06508065472178928, -0.1231906643616693, 0.10780374434886171, 0.27683010789949225, 0.1423526838188991, 0.3285263774875442, -0.37653633000000436, -0.20369959789771683, 0.1214819906751954, 0.05385904467171606, 0.08271146255394662, -0.0344569055514191, -0.2460761866025517, 0.020977204953155974, -0.20696880938365425, -0.12541486962342305, -0.05480876648456187, -0.013759113826295908, 0.015310247758444508, -0.3474939352274626, 0.056087427642812736, 0.02431432707577615, 0.035860601120272326, -0.09791361991322928, -0.1446406974039479, -0.02740682426648324, 0.09381339225151084, 0.0710179782801253, -0.03114985695163555, 0.12147170473164057, -0.13191286797827, -0.16494368646184313, 0.3885655224556103, -0.030337378129650674, -0.22173627192592796, 0.15991587179356856, -0.09023612121818587, -0.12407882595982622, 0.11911020494059331, 0.14946119710529113, 0.13081624446820247, -0.18702702615992167, 0.0693881238985341, -0.08787398627849624, 0.14921166610301417, 0.030439720584956163, 0.013764584647587445, 0.18500498956178918, 0.15766103278352495, 0.08634020797116511, 0.1254279001352295, 0.01051123662139563, -0.17649260186042418, -0.30245500970084, -0.0972811243175837, -0.14361802717355793, 0.051321012059805285, -0.10846493412588161, -0.16448550469118772, 0.373674405763364, 0.1297844739521251, 0.16497614190311116, 0.12472087361315704, 0.2801458864746725, 0.15266000990591505, -0.00040974091457696084, 0.06670152008916963, 0.1901030045002699, 0.02878623152809108, 0.08453955575960743, -0.16725537527338877, 0.16293636891059576, 0.018295638560427024]
709.2831
Triangulating the Real Projective Plane
We consider the problem of computing a triangulation of the real projective plane P2, given a finite point set S={p1, p2,..., pn} as input. We prove that a triangulation of P2 always exists if at least six points in S are in general position, i.e., no three of them are collinear. We also design an algorithm for triangulating P2 if this necessary condition holds. As far as we know, this is the first computational result on the real projective plane.
cs.CG
we consider the problem of computing a triangulation of the real projective plane p2 given a finite point set sp1 p2 pn as input we prove that a triangulation of p2 always exists if at least six points in s are in general position ie no three of them are collinear we also design an algorithm for triangulating p2 if this necessary condition holds as far as we know this is the first computational result on the real projective plane
[['we', 'consider', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'computing', 'a', 'triangulation', 'of', 'the', 'real', 'projective', 'plane', 'p2', 'given', 'a', 'finite', 'point', 'set', 'sp1', 'p2', 'pn', 'as', 'input', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'a', 'triangulation', 'of', 'p2', 'always', 'exists', 'if', 'at', 'least', 'six', 'points', 'in', 's', 'are', 'in', 'general', 'position', 'ie', 'no', 'three', 'of', 'them', 'are', 'collinear', 'we', 'also', 'design', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'triangulating', 'p2', 'if', 'this', 'necessary', 'condition', 'holds', 'as', 'far', 'as', 'we', 'know', 'this', 'is', 'the', 'first', 'computational', 'result', 'on', 'the', 'real', 'projective', 'plane']]
[-0.21337772209662945, 0.04752012855187786, -0.05604221704998054, 0.06761693403095706, -0.06038869590265676, -0.16274920849245972, 0.01592709141841624, 0.39008853686973455, -0.2819274232722819, -0.21184187796898185, 0.10737494889472146, -0.27346224563661964, -0.1635675999801606, 0.20400640816660598, -0.08229694709734758, 0.005300319410162046, 0.040453251491999256, 0.10837375802220776, -0.08612195778696333, -0.3030695600929903, 0.33385262395604515, -0.08887836287904065, 0.17703898662002757, 0.047079945044515625, 0.11026638962212018, 0.05405442142509855, 0.06592628413345665, 0.026023063028696926, -0.15709135832776155, 0.03305363191393553, 0.27122994649689647, 0.16285433803277555, 0.22864729249849916, -0.39005846513900905, -0.1399998159147799, 0.21944865075929557, 0.14724449652712793, 0.07298035985149909, -0.014383659794111736, -0.15256518244277686, 0.14184508765756618, -0.07134733481798321, -0.19088597538066096, -0.02501148884766735, 0.055651218205457556, -0.023752867057919503, -0.25963125643320384, -0.021375622370760537, 0.10392214769963175, 0.11765757909161038, -0.025409441685769706, -0.11399266022926895, -0.053402842898503874, 0.12479063287028111, -0.03117550930910511, 0.10226485201856121, 0.0337552705896087, -0.06870461132493802, -0.11911110163200647, 0.4120242288336158, 0.017950633319560438, -0.24801561855711043, 0.11153351832181216, -0.18463048596750015, -0.18541651697596534, 0.1317636616586242, 0.11193747395736864, 0.18093163875164464, -0.06756324714515358, 0.15528114621993155, -0.13427847160492093, 0.1237040404597792, 0.11958338651747909, -0.03251690507531748, 0.11924800933338701, 0.12370574243250303, 0.15476574392232578, 0.1347957003978081, -0.08479006356828904, -0.022398569068172947, -0.4092424684204161, -0.17626683325506748, -0.2063137624092633, 0.1032090112392325, -0.12125358923221938, -0.17245078468113206, 0.3213614448672161, 0.09175750983704348, 0.2240348707215162, 0.06887171340640634, 0.318815584636468, 0.07933831558348174, -0.021591623337008058, 0.09900695221876958, 0.18579760660650207, 0.06943298455153127, 0.002238738373853266, -0.12380119478912092, 0.013204833643976599, 0.11768639452056959]
709.2832
The Lyapunov spectrum of some parabolic systems
We study the Hausdorff dimension spectrum for Lyapunov exponents for a class of interval maps which includes several non-hyperbolic situations. We also analyze the level sets of points with given lower and upper Lyapunov exponents and, in particular, with zero lower Lyapunov exponent. We prove that the level set of points with zero exponent has full Hausdorff dimension, but carries no topological entropy.
math.DS
we study the hausdorff dimension spectrum for lyapunov exponents for a class of interval maps which includes several nonhyperbolic situations we also analyze the level sets of points with given lower and upper lyapunov exponents and in particular with zero lower lyapunov exponent we prove that the level set of points with zero exponent has full hausdorff dimension but carries no topological entropy
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'hausdorff', 'dimension', 'spectrum', 'for', 'lyapunov', 'exponents', 'for', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'interval', 'maps', 'which', 'includes', 'several', 'nonhyperbolic', 'situations', 'we', 'also', 'analyze', 'the', 'level', 'sets', 'of', 'points', 'with', 'given', 'lower', 'and', 'upper', 'lyapunov', 'exponents', 'and', 'in', 'particular', 'with', 'zero', 'lower', 'lyapunov', 'exponent', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'level', 'set', 'of', 'points', 'with', 'zero', 'exponent', 'has', 'full', 'hausdorff', 'dimension', 'but', 'carries', 'no', 'topological', 'entropy']]
[-0.2096904297396245, 0.12768332694198878, -0.10815622092091612, 0.10650326917687106, 0.005115431931150693, -0.18663715537903564, 0.1261045690330248, 0.2750606187138825, -0.230051840463328, -0.14819241134035918, 0.11049015617685481, -0.3505602884032423, -0.1629114807952964, 0.27522370715936023, -0.04781216017842766, 0.12587334191988384, -0.01640243993865119, 0.11226660236420613, -0.07937910667313854, -0.2594518071458128, 0.4090133180679192, -0.029763829018477173, 0.24081071058199519, 0.07840633798863679, 0.10753672309811153, -0.07099577717276083, 0.00821724021807313, 0.07854939485707926, -0.2603629020248061, 0.11438733119044513, 0.24213464309771857, 0.07456938752771489, 0.23520609712789928, -0.24347026208563458, -0.21820642248476071, 0.22575454280844756, 0.11752817059852301, 0.020956979050034925, 0.025236215512637817, -0.26182245037385393, 0.19893693499681023, -0.12660114647495369, -0.2038202622964505, -0.10612162038506497, 0.0889488524565148, -0.039955909175443505, -0.26533754570557483, 0.08045598571438209, 0.07078239747456141, 0.19221452213703685, -0.0877485434443409, -0.11289259605848836, -0.07779494014805154, 0.15478665196514202, 0.04251520409588776, -0.014494741430676113, 0.10422092117369175, -0.03069881432586246, -0.1546532439533621, 0.27799426446417497, -0.03736840957213962, -0.250111842025367, 0.21265860771139464, -0.2721796248418589, -0.15997969543945695, 0.14751276373124075, 0.1572203448426629, 0.04547822151687883, -0.0549664469731469, 0.19936756739237657, -0.04840875272121695, 0.20576386100479535, 0.08509748460104068, 0.1043360989396682, 0.08487380970092047, 0.07370986010775799, 0.2507086839334714, 0.19091874733567238, -0.06904255697089764, -0.11027494288744434, -0.324493164403571, -0.134929496366235, -0.19586521975459562, 0.0992549095775873, -0.15536815355234365, -0.21769162651801865, 0.4109511016498482, 0.10516027457243393, 0.23111109249293804, 0.1985734818846963, 0.21049399038274136, 0.2003919332778351, -0.0282497661454337, 0.1640423931595352, 0.1433050957848392, 0.09283871768367669, 0.03013779262879065, -0.12077443393331672, -0.0012262288909701128, 0.23087903852057126]
709.2833
Distributed Space Time Codes with Low Decoding Complexity for Asynchronous Relay Networks
Recently Li and Xia have proposed a transmission scheme for wireless relay networks based on the Alamouti space time code and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to combat the effect of timing errors at the relay nodes. This transmission scheme is amazingly simple and achieves a diversity order of two for any number of relays. Motivated by its simplicity, this scheme is extended to a more general transmission scheme that can achieve full cooperative diversity for any number of relays. The conditions on the distributed space time code (DSTC) structure that admit its application in the proposed transmission scheme are identified and it is pointed out that the recently proposed full diversity four group decodable DSTCs from precoded co-ordinate interleaved orthogonal designs and extended Clifford algebras satisfy these conditions. It is then shown how differential encoding at the source can be combined with the proposed transmission scheme to arrive at a new transmission scheme that can achieve full cooperative diversity in asynchronous wireless relay networks with no channel information and also no timing error knowledge at the destination node. Finally, four group decodable distributed differential space time codes applicable in this new transmission scheme for power of two number of relays are also provided.
cs.IT math.IT
recently li and xia have proposed a transmission scheme for wireless relay networks based on the alamouti space time code and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to combat the effect of timing errors at the relay nodes this transmission scheme is amazingly simple and achieves a diversity order of two for any number of relays motivated by its simplicity this scheme is extended to a more general transmission scheme that can achieve full cooperative diversity for any number of relays the conditions on the distributed space time code dstc structure that admit its application in the proposed transmission scheme are identified and it is pointed out that the recently proposed full diversity four group decodable dstcs from precoded coordinate interleaved orthogonal designs and extended clifford algebras satisfy these conditions it is then shown how differential encoding at the source can be combined with the proposed transmission scheme to arrive at a new transmission scheme that can achieve full cooperative diversity in asynchronous wireless relay networks with no channel information and also no timing error knowledge at the destination node finally four group decodable distributed differential space time codes applicable in this new transmission scheme for power of two number of relays are also provided
[['recently', 'li', 'and', 'xia', 'have', 'proposed', 'a', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'for', 'wireless', 'relay', 'networks', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'alamouti', 'space', 'time', 'code', 'and', 'orthogonal', 'frequency', 'division', 'multiplexing', 'to', 'combat', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'timing', 'errors', 'at', 'the', 'relay', 'nodes', 'this', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'is', 'amazingly', 'simple', 'and', 'achieves', 'a', 'diversity', 'order', 'of', 'two', 'for', 'any', 'number', 'of', 'relays', 'motivated', 'by', 'its', 'simplicity', 'this', 'scheme', 'is', 'extended', 'to', 'a', 'more', 'general', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'that', 'can', 'achieve', 'full', 'cooperative', 'diversity', 'for', 'any', 'number', 'of', 'relays', 'the', 'conditions', 'on', 'the', 'distributed', 'space', 'time', 'code', 'dstc', 'structure', 'that', 'admit', 'its', 'application', 'in', 'the', 'proposed', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'are', 'identified', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'pointed', 'out', 'that', 'the', 'recently', 'proposed', 'full', 'diversity', 'four', 'group', 'decodable', 'dstcs', 'from', 'precoded', 'coordinate', 'interleaved', 'orthogonal', 'designs', 'and', 'extended', 'clifford', 'algebras', 'satisfy', 'these', 'conditions', 'it', 'is', 'then', 'shown', 'how', 'differential', 'encoding', 'at', 'the', 'source', 'can', 'be', 'combined', 'with', 'the', 'proposed', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'to', 'arrive', 'at', 'a', 'new', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'that', 'can', 'achieve', 'full', 'cooperative', 'diversity', 'in', 'asynchronous', 'wireless', 'relay', 'networks', 'with', 'no', 'channel', 'information', 'and', 'also', 'no', 'timing', 'error', 'knowledge', 'at', 'the', 'destination', 'node', 'finally', 'four', 'group', 'decodable', 'distributed', 'differential', 'space', 'time', 'codes', 'applicable', 'in', 'this', 'new', 'transmission', 'scheme', 'for', 'power', 'of', 'two', 'number', 'of', 'relays', 'are', 'also', 'provided']]
[-0.24310709649148296, 0.02346471038826806, -0.056416763306254204, -0.000879914054328963, -0.07838755008294293, -0.2819152836236033, 0.10429840506340313, 0.43885280009322236, -0.28574004433219236, -0.25100127520445403, 0.09976649434261928, -0.2061773941686174, -0.18327793483115215, 0.17330366488785878, -0.110715436206273, 0.05012584136197307, 0.03514102092566024, 0.055195593837611745, -0.03841269048539424, -0.33383737220359727, 0.3005877799702587, 0.14654875058556288, 0.35490364430352384, -0.019852216572196473, 0.13325742719289246, 0.009154440851255071, -0.06361438181841432, -0.023069596545520644, -0.06974780029403438, 0.05972859977818288, 0.3283007644845339, 0.18590838821272893, 0.23773652267766804, -0.37414076509378336, -0.28584015414367736, 0.08789505775773547, 0.17796331856948425, 0.11089723790986555, -0.04697538937459582, -0.24439998918056194, 0.14848568311449842, -0.2462151900468634, -0.04274961984679472, -0.0233204663294024, -0.05749257007443189, 0.030772507847701705, -0.3296840022825797, -0.02356904365224902, -0.011402781789956412, 0.028846795638414597, -0.02245546468086356, -0.07774039750081939, 0.0001333030724510698, 0.1410161717425995, -0.05154439683952876, -0.02335197158390656, 0.030886861588460126, 0.01958497049227025, -0.15821470104798785, 0.34818655347433125, 0.01824259125347489, -0.2362888518462677, 0.12767415884265557, -0.08114804537957626, -0.11083881823244587, 0.2081567640416324, 0.21579377978837283, 0.07476656651239622, -0.15561955463225344, 0.03952199052777233, -0.02707157195499628, 0.1814337845356895, 0.12076290634617505, 0.12752405879817358, 0.11688507157193478, 0.14947511045501963, 0.13023356725530938, 0.07205271985471746, -0.09847623707800365, -0.09397623482814962, -0.24526294681824523, -0.12656230072255736, -0.2046241546522291, -0.009890257591257185, -0.12107249988905168, -0.05159471694902761, 0.36493444173308065, 0.13061144302188796, 0.08976012933307724, 0.10773216814521959, 0.37715716245307557, 0.07362660351970077, 0.0840323420176928, 0.15761294132928447, 0.17679228772187955, 0.11898013245139161, 0.1015180107347303, -0.23731434928561043, 0.04852518395954134, 0.03299301410195335]
709.2834
Physics of EtaPrime->Pi+Pi-Eta and EtaPrime->Pi+Pi-Pi0 decays
The article describes experimental status of EtaPrime->Pi+Pi-Eta and EtaPrime->Pi+Pi-Pi0 decays. A theoretical framework used for description of the decays mechanism is also reviewed. The possibilities for the measurements with WASA-at-COSY are mentioned.
nucl-ex hep-ex
the article describes experimental status of etaprimepipieta and etaprimepipipi0 decays a theoretical framework used for description of the decays mechanism is also reviewed the possibilities for the measurements with wasaatcosy are mentioned
[['the', 'article', 'describes', 'experimental', 'status', 'of', 'etaprimepipieta', 'and', 'etaprimepipipi0', 'decays', 'a', 'theoretical', 'framework', 'used', 'for', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'decays', 'mechanism', 'is', 'also', 'reviewed', 'the', 'possibilities', 'for', 'the', 'measurements', 'with', 'wasaatcosy', 'are', 'mentioned']]
[-0.046880776171262066, 0.18994389375050863, -0.06598878183867782, 0.0799695021356456, -0.06198565978556871, -0.13422763482667505, 0.050484008194568254, 0.2834372182066242, -0.2104415112019827, -0.25918429580827557, 0.03982103765010834, -0.3497711496427655, -0.09103106493130327, 0.25341687941302854, 0.025854678793499866, 0.13299270200853547, 0.10037877270951867, 0.029413209420939286, -0.040320027992129324, -0.17147164549678565, 0.2768767412751913, 0.09953624593714873, 0.2968659780609111, 0.16776790780325732, 0.029108518486221632, 0.002729710005223751, -0.10489740795455874, -0.01941362692353626, -0.2014903109210233, 0.11278292403245965, 0.21659453126291434, 0.19344422221183777, 0.16511408120083312, -0.39495596991231047, -0.12255207778265079, 0.06274816126873096, 0.13830463751995314, 0.12245089126129945, -0.14137250144655505, -0.30433214421694477, 0.10247266460210085, -0.17269983009124795, -0.15338096482058367, -0.10300514039893945, -0.0030850085429847242, -0.007590009830892086, -0.2944609169072161, 0.032410541354329324, -0.008055064322737357, 0.05800229143351317, -0.11155467270873487, -0.19738786745195588, 0.12249080253144105, 0.07461098607939978, 0.10210684683018674, 0.037468628181765475, 0.1216420551451544, -0.11604427332058549, -0.1915651802594463, 0.3892420932650566, -0.0077229296478132405, -0.1592911978562673, 0.1561188020432989, -0.1027319104410708, -0.16358623527921737, 0.054176569966754566, 0.14940138111511866, 0.07464330196380616, -0.20993016728510458, 0.09984032747452147, -0.009157900015513103, 0.0868868961930275, -0.06750318453026315, 0.07605467455772062, 0.17002223171293734, 0.3017470162982742, -0.07925472063943743, 0.10688823461532593, -0.06781602936486403, -0.09750917345906297, -0.4712147186199824, -0.15816960744559766, -0.07905869157984853, -0.022954882021682957, 0.0759043930103265, -0.04794547747199734, 0.4808213546872139, 0.1278107974988719, 0.21833354787280163, 0.026867725467309356, 0.3301451445867618, 0.06624168942604834, -0.026483040551344553, -0.0023018873762339354, 0.31489250709613165, 0.18618305294464033, 0.13022507491211097, -0.20685177391084533, 0.09418286873648564, 0.040669205908974014]