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711.0208
Hall Conductivity in a Spin-Triplet Superconductor
We calculate the Hall conductivity for a spin-triplet superconductor, using a generalized pairing symmetry dependent on an arbitrary phase, $\vphi$. A promising candidate for such an order parameter is Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$, whose superconducting order parameter symmetry is still subject to investigation. The value of this phase can be determined through Kerr rotation and DC Hall conductivity measurements. Our calculations impose significant constraints on $\vphi$.
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el
we calculate the hall conductivity for a spintriplet superconductor using a generalized pairing symmetry dependent on an arbitrary phase vphi a promising candidate for such an order parameter is sr_2ruo_4 whose superconducting order parameter symmetry is still subject to investigation the value of this phase can be determined through kerr rotation and dc hall conductivity measurements our calculations impose significant constraints on vphi
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711.0209
Hierarchies from D-brane instantons in globally defined Calabi-Yau Orientifolds
We construct the first globally consistent semi-realistic Type I string vacua on an elliptically fibered manifold where the zero modes of the Euclidean D1-instanton sector allow for the generation of non-perturbative Majorana masses of an intermediate scale. In another class of global models, a D1-brane instanton can generate a Polonyi-type superpotential breaking supersymmetry at an exponentially suppressed scale.
hep-th hep-ph
we construct the first globally consistent semirealistic type i string vacua on an elliptically fibered manifold where the zero modes of the euclidean d1instanton sector allow for the generation of nonperturbative majorana masses of an intermediate scale in another class of global models a d1brane instanton can generate a polonyitype superpotential breaking supersymmetry at an exponentially suppressed scale
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711.021
The Cooper Pair Pump as a Quantized Current Source
A new charge quantization in a phase-polarized Cooper Pair Pump (CPP) is proposed, based on the topological properties of its Hamiltonian ground state over a three-dimensional parameter space $\mathbb{P}$. The charge is quantized using a set of path in $\mathbb{P}$ covering the surface of a torus, and is a multiple of the integer Chern index $c_1$ of this surface. This quantization is asymptotic but the pumped charge converges rapidly to the quantized value with the increase in the path frequency. The topological nature of the current makes this CPP implementation an excellent candidate for a metrological current standard.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con quant-ph
a new charge quantization in a phasepolarized cooper pair pump cpp is proposed based on the topological properties of its hamiltonian ground state over a threedimensional parameter space mathbbp the charge is quantized using a set of path in mathbbp covering the surface of a torus and is a multiple of the integer chern index c_1 of this surface this quantization is asymptotic but the pumped charge converges rapidly to the quantized value with the increase in the path frequency the topological nature of the current makes this cpp implementation an excellent candidate for a metrological current standard
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711.0211
High-Redshift QSOs in the SWIRE Survey and the z~3 QSO Luminosity Function
We use a simple optical/infrared (IR) photometric selection of high-redshift QSOs that identifies a Lyman Break in the optical photometry and requires a red IR color to distinguish QSOs from common interlopers. The search yields 100 z~3 (U-dropout) QSO candidates with 19<r'<22 over 11.7 deg^2 in the ELAIS-N1 (EN1) and ELAIS-N2 (EN2) fields of the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) Legacy Survey. The z~3 selection is reliable, with spectroscopic follow-up of 10 candidates confirming they are all QSOs at 2.83<z<3.44. We find that our z~4$ (g'-dropout) sample suffers from both unreliability and incompleteness but present 7 previously unidentified QSOs at 3.50<z<3.89. Detailed simulations show our z~3 completeness to be ~80-90% from 3.0<z<3.5, significantly better than the ~30-80% completeness of the SDSS at these redshifts. The resulting luminosity function extends two magnitudes fainter than SDSS and has a faint end slope of beta=-1.42 +- 0.15, consistent with values measured at lower redshift. Therefore, we see no evidence for evolution of the faint end slope of the QSO luminosity function. Including the SDSS QSO sample, we have now directly measured the space density of QSOs responsible for ~70% of the QSO UV luminosity density at z~3. We derive a maximum rate of HI photoionization from QSOs at z~3.2, Gamma = 4.8x10^-13 s^-1, about half of the total rate inferred through studies of the Ly-alpha forest. Therefore, star-forming galaxies and QSOs must contribute comparably to the photoionization of HI in the intergalactic medium at z~3.
astro-ph
we use a simple opticalinfrared ir photometric selection of highredshift qsos that identifies a lyman break in the optical photometry and requires a red ir color to distinguish qsos from common interlopers the search yields 100 z3 udropout qso candidates with 19r22 over 117 deg2 in the elaisn1 en1 and elaisn2 en2 fields of the spitzer widearea infrared extragalactic swire legacy survey the z3 selection is reliable with spectroscopic followup of 10 candidates confirming they are all qsos at 283z344 we find that our z4 gdropout sample suffers from both unreliability and incompleteness but present 7 previously unidentified qsos at 350z389 detailed simulations show our z3 completeness to be 8090 from 30z35 significantly better than the 3080 completeness of the sdss at these redshifts the resulting luminosity function extends two magnitudes fainter than sdss and has a faint end slope of beta142 015 consistent with values measured at lower redshift therefore we see no evidence for evolution of the faint end slope of the qso luminosity function including the sdss qso sample we have now directly measured the space density of qsos responsible for 70 of the qso uv luminosity density at z3 we derive a maximum rate of hi photoionization from qsos at z32 gamma 48x1013 s1 about half of the total rate inferred through studies of the lyalpha forest therefore starforming galaxies and qsos must contribute comparably to the photoionization of hi in the intergalactic medium at z3
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711.0212
Vortex Fluid State below an Onset Temperature T_0 of Solid 4He
Detailed studies of AC velocity Vac and temperature dependence of torsional oscillator responses of solid 4He are reported. A characteristic onset temperature T0 about 0.5 K is found, below which a significant Vac dependent change occurs in the energy dissipation for the sample at 32 bar. A Vac dependence of the non-classical rotational inertia fraction, NCRIF also appears below about T0. This value of T0 excludes the possible explanation of supersolid by liquid superfluidity in grain boundaries or other liquid related origins. The log(Vac) linear dependence was found in NCRIF. Furthermore, this linear slope changes in proportion to 1/T 2 for 40 < Vac < 400 micro-m/s, then crosses over to about 1/T for larger Vac. We discuss properties of the vortex fluid state proposed by Anderson above Tc, below T0.
cond-mat.other
detailed studies of ac velocity vac and temperature dependence of torsional oscillator responses of solid 4he are reported a characteristic onset temperature t0 about 05 k is found below which a significant vac dependent change occurs in the energy dissipation for the sample at 32 bar a vac dependence of the nonclassical rotational inertia fraction ncrif also appears below about t0 this value of t0 excludes the possible explanation of supersolid by liquid superfluidity in grain boundaries or other liquid related origins the logvac linear dependence was found in ncrif furthermore this linear slope changes in proportion to 1t 2 for 40 vac 400 microms then crosses over to about 1t for larger vac we discuss properties of the vortex fluid state proposed by anderson above tc below t0
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711.0213
Draping of Cluster Magnetic Fields over Bullets and Bubbles -- Morphology and Dynamic Effects
High-resolution X-ray observations have revealed cavities and `cold fronts' with sharp edges in temperature, density, and metallicity within galaxy clusters. Their presence poses a puzzle since these features are not expected to be hydrodynamically stable, or to remain sharp in the presence of diffusion. However, a moving core or bubble in even a very weakly magnetized plasma necessarily sweeps up enough magnetic field to build up a dynamically important sheath around the object; the layer's strength is set by a competition between `plowing up' of field and field lines slipping around the core. We show that a two-dimensional approach to the problem is quite generally not possible. In three dimensions, we show with analytic arguments and in numerical experiments, that this magnetic layer modifies the dynamics of a plunging core, greatly modifies the effects of hydrodynamic instabilities on the core, modifies the geometry of stripped material, and even slows the fall of the core through magnetic tension. We derive an expression for the maximum magnetic field strength, the thickness of the layer, and the opening angle of the magnetic wake. The morphology of the magnetic draping layer implies the suppression of thermal conduction across the layer, thus conserving strong temperature gradients over the contact surface. The intermittent amplification of the magnetic field as well as the injection of MHD turbulence in the wake of the core is identified to be due to vorticity generation within the magnetic draping layer. These results have important consequences for understanding the physical properties and the complex gasdynamical processes of the intra-cluster medium, and apply quite generally to motions through other magnetized environments, e.g., the ISM.
astro-ph
highresolution xray observations have revealed cavities and cold fronts with sharp edges in temperature density and metallicity within galaxy clusters their presence poses a puzzle since these features are not expected to be hydrodynamically stable or to remain sharp in the presence of diffusion however a moving core or bubble in even a very weakly magnetized plasma necessarily sweeps up enough magnetic field to build up a dynamically important sheath around the object the layers strength is set by a competition between plowing up of field and field lines slipping around the core we show that a twodimensional approach to the problem is quite generally not possible in three dimensions we show with analytic arguments and in numerical experiments that this magnetic layer modifies the dynamics of a plunging core greatly modifies the effects of hydrodynamic instabilities on the core modifies the geometry of stripped material and even slows the fall of the core through magnetic tension we derive an expression for the maximum magnetic field strength the thickness of the layer and the opening angle of the magnetic wake the morphology of the magnetic draping layer implies the suppression of thermal conduction across the layer thus conserving strong temperature gradients over the contact surface the intermittent amplification of the magnetic field as well as the injection of mhd turbulence in the wake of the core is identified to be due to vorticity generation within the magnetic draping layer these results have important consequences for understanding the physical properties and the complex gasdynamical processes of the intracluster medium and apply quite generally to motions through other magnetized environments eg the ism
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711.0214
Magnetism and d-wave superconductivity on the half-filled square lattice with frustration
The role of frustration and interaction strength on the half-filled Hubbard model is studied on the square lattice with nearest and next-nearest neighbour hoppings t and t' using the Variational Cluster Approximation (VCA). At half-filling, we find two phases with long-range antiferromagnetic (AF) order: the usual Neel phase, stable at small frustration t'/t, and the so-called collinear (or super-antiferromagnet) phase with ordering wave-vector $(\pi,0)$ or $(0,\pi)$, stable for large frustration. These are separated by a phase with no detectable long-range magnetic order. We also find the d-wave superconducting (SC) phase ($d_{x^2-y^2}$), which is favoured by frustration if it is not too large. Intriguingly, there is a broad region of coexistence where both AF and SC order parameters have non-zero values. In addition, the physics of the metal-insulator transition in the normal state is analyzed. The results obtained with the help of the VCA method are compared with the large-U expansion of the Hubbard model and known results for the frustrated J1-J2 Heisenberg model. These results are relevant for pressure studies of undoped parents of the high-temperature superconductors: we predict that an insulator to d-wave SC transition may appear under pressure.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con
the role of frustration and interaction strength on the halffilled hubbard model is studied on the square lattice with nearest and nextnearest neighbour hoppings t and t using the variational cluster approximation vca at halffilling we find two phases with longrange antiferromagnetic af order the usual neel phase stable at small frustration tt and the socalled collinear or superantiferromagnet phase with ordering wavevector pi0 or 0pi stable for large frustration these are separated by a phase with no detectable longrange magnetic order we also find the dwave superconducting sc phase d_x2y2 which is favoured by frustration if it is not too large intriguingly there is a broad region of coexistence where both af and sc order parameters have nonzero values in addition the physics of the metalinsulator transition in the normal state is analyzed the results obtained with the help of the vca method are compared with the largeu expansion of the hubbard model and known results for the frustrated j1j2 heisenberg model these results are relevant for pressure studies of undoped parents of the hightemperature superconductors we predict that an insulator to dwave sc transition may appear under pressure
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711.0215
An Evolving Entropy Floor in the Intracluster Gas?
Non-gravitational processes, such as feedback from galaxies and their active nuclei, are believed to have injected excess entropy into the intracluster gas, and therefore to have modified the density profiles in galaxy clusters during their formation. Here we study a simple model for this so-called preheating scenario, and ask (i) whether it can simultaneously explain both global X-ray scaling relations and number counts of galaxy clusters, and (ii) whether the amount of entropy required evolves with redshift. We adopt a baseline entropy profile that fits recent hydrodynamic simulations, modify the hydrostatic equilibrium condition for the gas by including approx. 20% non-thermal pressure support, and add an entropy floor K_0 that is allowed to vary with redshift. We find that the observed luminosity-temperature (L-T) relations of low-redshift (z=0.05) HIFLUGCS clusters and high-redshift (z=0.8) WARPS clusters are best simultaneously reproduced with an evolving entropy floor of K_0(z)=341(1+z)^{-0.83}h^{-1/3} keV cm^2. If we restrict our analysis to the subset of bright (kT > 3 keV) clusters, we find that the evolving entropy floor can mimic a self-similar evolution in the L-T scaling relation. This degeneracy with self-similar evolution is, however, broken when (0.5 < kT < 3 keV) clusters are also included. The approx. 60% entropy increase we find from z=0.8 to z=0.05 is roughly consistent with that expected if the heating is provided by the evolving global quasar population. Using the cosmological parameters from the WMAP 3-year data with sigma_8=0.76, our best-fit model underpredicts the number counts of the X-ray galaxy clusters compared to those derived from the 158 deg^2 ROSAT PSPC survey. Treating sigma_8 as a free parameter, we find a best-fit value of sigma_8=0.80+/- 0.02.
astro-ph
nongravitational processes such as feedback from galaxies and their active nuclei are believed to have injected excess entropy into the intracluster gas and therefore to have modified the density profiles in galaxy clusters during their formation here we study a simple model for this socalled preheating scenario and ask i whether it can simultaneously explain both global xray scaling relations and number counts of galaxy clusters and ii whether the amount of entropy required evolves with redshift we adopt a baseline entropy profile that fits recent hydrodynamic simulations modify the hydrostatic equilibrium condition for the gas by including approx 20 nonthermal pressure support and add an entropy floor k_0 that is allowed to vary with redshift we find that the observed luminositytemperature lt relations of lowredshift z005 hiflugcs clusters and highredshift z08 warps clusters are best simultaneously reproduced with an evolving entropy floor of k_0z3411z083h13 kev cm2 if we restrict our analysis to the subset of bright kt 3 kev clusters we find that the evolving entropy floor can mimic a selfsimilar evolution in the lt scaling relation this degeneracy with selfsimilar evolution is however broken when 05 kt 3 kev clusters are also included the approx 60 entropy increase we find from z08 to z005 is roughly consistent with that expected if the heating is provided by the evolving global quasar population using the cosmological parameters from the wmap 3year data with sigma_8076 our bestfit model underpredicts the number counts of the xray galaxy clusters compared to those derived from the 158 deg2 rosat pspc survey treating sigma_8 as a free parameter we find a bestfit value of sigma_8080 002
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711.0216
Analysis of bimodality in histograms formed from GALLEX and GNO solar neutrino data
A histogram display of the solar neutrino capture-rate measurements made by the GALLEX experiment appears to be bimodal, but that of the follow-on GNO experiment does not. To assess the significance of these results, we introduce a "bimodality index" based on the probability-transform procedure. This confirms that the GALLEX measurements are indeed bimodal (at the 99.98 percent confidence level), and that the GNO measurements are not. Tracking the bimodality index as a function of time shows that the strongest contribution to bimodality comes from runs 42 to 62, i.e. from the time interval 1995.1 to 1996.9. The bimodality index for the first half (runs 1 through 33) is 2.56, whereas that for the second half (runs 33 through 65) is 7.05. Power-spectrum analysis shows a similar distinction: the peaks in the power spectrum formed from the second half are stronger than those in the power spectrum formed from the first half, suggesting that bimodality and rotational modulation are related.
hep-ph astro-ph
a histogram display of the solar neutrino capturerate measurements made by the gallex experiment appears to be bimodal but that of the followon gno experiment does not to assess the significance of these results we introduce a bimodality index based on the probabilitytransform procedure this confirms that the gallex measurements are indeed bimodal at the 9998 percent confidence level and that the gno measurements are not tracking the bimodality index as a function of time shows that the strongest contribution to bimodality comes from runs 42 to 62 ie from the time interval 19951 to 19969 the bimodality index for the first half runs 1 through 33 is 256 whereas that for the second half runs 33 through 65 is 705 powerspectrum analysis shows a similar distinction the peaks in the power spectrum formed from the second half are stronger than those in the power spectrum formed from the first half suggesting that bimodality and rotational modulation are related
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711.0217
Classification of quantum channels of information transfer
Classification of states of quantum channels of information transfer is built on the basis of unreducible representations of qubit state space group of symmetry and properties of density matrix spectrum. It is shown that pure disentangled states form two-dimensional surface, and the reason of state disentanglement is in degeneration of non-zero density matrix eigenvalues
quant-ph
classification of states of quantum channels of information transfer is built on the basis of unreducible representations of qubit state space group of symmetry and properties of density matrix spectrum it is shown that pure disentangled states form twodimensional surface and the reason of state disentanglement is in degeneration of nonzero density matrix eigenvalues
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711.0218
Observation of Berry's Phase in a Solid State Qubit
In quantum information science, the phase of a wavefunction plays an important role in encoding information. While most experiments in this field rely on dynamic effects to manipulate this information, an alternative approach is to use geometric phase, which has been argued to have potential fault tolerance. We demonstrate the controlled accumulation of a geometric phase, Berry's phase, in a superconducting qubit, manipulating the qubit geometrically using microwave radiation, and observing the accumulated phase in an interference experiment. We find excellent agreement with Berry's predictions, and also observe a geometry dependent contribution to dephasing.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con quant-ph
in quantum information science the phase of a wavefunction plays an important role in encoding information while most experiments in this field rely on dynamic effects to manipulate this information an alternative approach is to use geometric phase which has been argued to have potential fault tolerance we demonstrate the controlled accumulation of a geometric phase berrys phase in a superconducting qubit manipulating the qubit geometrically using microwave radiation and observing the accumulated phase in an interference experiment we find excellent agreement with berrys predictions and also observe a geometry dependent contribution to dephasing
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711.0219
Euclidean and hyperbolic lenghs of images of arcs
Let $f$ be a function that is analytic in the unit disc. We give new estimates, and new proofs of existing estimates, of the Euclidean length of the image under $f$ of a radial segment in the unit disc. Our methods are based on the hyperbolic geometry of plane domains, and we address some new questions that follow naturally from this approach.
math.CV
let f be a function that is analytic in the unit disc we give new estimates and new proofs of existing estimates of the euclidean length of the image under f of a radial segment in the unit disc our methods are based on the hyperbolic geometry of plane domains and we address some new questions that follow naturally from this approach
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711.022
The Vacuum and the Cosmological Constant Problem
It will be argued here that the cosmological constant problem exists because of the way the vacuum is defined in quantum field theory. It has been known for some time that for QFT to be gauge invariant certain terms--such as part of the vacuum polarization tensor--must be eliminated either explicitly or by some form of regularization followed by renormalization. It has recently been shown that lack of gauge invariance is a result of the way the vacuum is defined, and redefining the vacuum so that the theory is gauge invariant may also offer a solution to the cosmological constant problem.
gr-qc
it will be argued here that the cosmological constant problem exists because of the way the vacuum is defined in quantum field theory it has been known for some time that for qft to be gauge invariant certain termssuch as part of the vacuum polarization tensormust be eliminated either explicitly or by some form of regularization followed by renormalization it has recently been shown that lack of gauge invariance is a result of the way the vacuum is defined and redefining the vacuum so that the theory is gauge invariant may also offer a solution to the cosmological constant problem
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711.0221
Deep inelastic scattering from gauge string duality in the soft wall model
Deep inelastic structure functions have been calculated by Polchinski and Strassler in gauge/string duality introducing a hard infrared (IR) cut off in AdS space. Here we investigate this problem using a soft IR cut off that leads to linear Regge trajectories for mesons. We calculate the structure functions for scalar particles in the large x regime where supergravity approximation holds and the small x regime where massive string states contribute. We also propose a hybrid model to calculate structure functions for fermions in the supergravity approximation. In the deep inelastic limit our results are in agreement with those obtained using a hard cut off.
hep-th hep-ph
deep inelastic structure functions have been calculated by polchinski and strassler in gaugestring duality introducing a hard infrared ir cut off in ads space here we investigate this problem using a soft ir cut off that leads to linear regge trajectories for mesons we calculate the structure functions for scalar particles in the large x regime where supergravity approximation holds and the small x regime where massive string states contribute we also propose a hybrid model to calculate structure functions for fermions in the supergravity approximation in the deep inelastic limit our results are in agreement with those obtained using a hard cut off
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711.0222
Microtesla MRI of the human brain combined with MEG
One of the challenges in functional brain imaging is integration of complementary imaging modalities, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MEG, which uses highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) to directly measure magnetic fields of neuronal currents, cannot be combined with conventional high-field MRI in a single instrument. Indirect matching of MEG and MRI data leads to significant co-registration errors. A recently proposed imaging method - SQUID-based microtesla MRI - can be naturally combined with MEG in the same system to directly provide structural maps for MEG-localized sources. It enables easy and accurate integration of MEG and MRI/fMRI, because microtesla MR images can be precisely matched to structural images provided by high-field MRI and other techniques. Here we report the first images of the human brain by microtesla MRI, together with auditory MEG (functional) data, recorded using the same seven-channel SQUID system during the same imaging session. The images were acquired at 46 microtesla measurement field with pre-polarization at 30 mT. We also estimated transverse relaxation times for different tissues at microtesla fields. Our results demonstrate feasibility and potential of human brain imaging by microtesla MRI. They also show that two new types of imaging equipment - low-cost systems for anatomical MRI of the human brain at microtesla fields, and more advanced instruments for combined functional (MEG) and structural (microtesla MRI) brain imaging - are practical.
physics.med-ph physics.ins-det
one of the challenges in functional brain imaging is integration of complementary imaging modalities such as magnetoencephalography meg and functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri meg which uses highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference devices squids to directly measure magnetic fields of neuronal currents cannot be combined with conventional highfield mri in a single instrument indirect matching of meg and mri data leads to significant coregistration errors a recently proposed imaging method squidbased microtesla mri can be naturally combined with meg in the same system to directly provide structural maps for meglocalized sources it enables easy and accurate integration of meg and mrifmri because microtesla mr images can be precisely matched to structural images provided by highfield mri and other techniques here we report the first images of the human brain by microtesla mri together with auditory meg functional data recorded using the same sevenchannel squid system during the same imaging session the images were acquired at 46 microtesla measurement field with prepolarization at 30 mt we also estimated transverse relaxation times for different tissues at microtesla fields our results demonstrate feasibility and potential of human brain imaging by microtesla mri they also show that two new types of imaging equipment lowcost systems for anatomical mri of the human brain at microtesla fields and more advanced instruments for combined functional meg and structural microtesla mri brain imaging are practical
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711.0223
Least Squares Importance Sampling for Libor Market Models
A recently introduced Importance Sampling strategy based on a least squares optimization is applied to the Monte Carlo simulation of Libor Market Models. Such Least Squares Importance Sampling (LSIS) allows the automatic optimization of the sampling distribution within a trial class by means of a quick presimulation algorithm of straightforward implementation. With several numerical examples we show that LSIS can be extremely effective in reducing the variance of Monte Carlo estimators often resulting, especially when combined with stratified sampling, in computational speed-ups of orders of magnitude.
q-fin.PR cond-mat.other physics.soc-ph
a recently introduced importance sampling strategy based on a least squares optimization is applied to the monte carlo simulation of libor market models such least squares importance sampling lsis allows the automatic optimization of the sampling distribution within a trial class by means of a quick presimulation algorithm of straightforward implementation with several numerical examples we show that lsis can be extremely effective in reducing the variance of monte carlo estimators often resulting especially when combined with stratified sampling in computational speedups of orders of magnitude
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711.0224
Remarks on weakly pseudoconvex boundaries: Erratum
We make two tiny corrections to our previous paper with the same title, and also obtain, as a bonus, something new.
math.CV math.AP math.AT
we make two tiny corrections to our previous paper with the same title and also obtain as a bonus something new
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711.0225
Remarks on weakly pseudoconvex boundaries
In this paper, we consider the boundary M of a weakly pseudoconvex domain in a Stein manifold. We point out a striking difference between the local cohomology and the global cohomology of M, and illustrate this with an example. We also discuss the first and second Cousin problems, and the strong Poincare problem for CR meromorphic functions on the weakly pseudoconvex boundary M.
math.CV math.AG math.AP
in this paper we consider the boundary m of a weakly pseudoconvex domain in a stein manifold we point out a striking difference between the local cohomology and the global cohomology of m and illustrate this with an example we also discuss the first and second cousin problems and the strong poincare problem for cr meromorphic functions on the weakly pseudoconvex boundary m
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711.0226
Dynamics of Phantom Matter
A spherically symmetric evolution model of self-gravitating matter with the equation of state P=wE (where w=const<-1) is considered. The equations of the model are written in the frame of reference comoving with matter. A criterion for the existence and formation of a horizon is defined. Part of the Einstein equations is integrated analytically. The initial conditions and the constraints imposed on these conditions in the presence of a horizon are determined. For small |1+w| an analytic solution to spherically symmetric time-dependent Einstein equations is obtained. Conditions are determined under which the dynamics of matter changes from collapse to expansion. Characteristic times of the evolution of the system are evaluated. It is proved that the accretion of phantom matter (for w<-1) onto a black hole leads to the decreases of the horizon radius of the black hole (i.e., the black hole is "dissolved").
gr-qc
a spherically symmetric evolution model of selfgravitating matter with the equation of state pwe where wconst1 is considered the equations of the model are written in the frame of reference comoving with matter a criterion for the existence and formation of a horizon is defined part of the einstein equations is integrated analytically the initial conditions and the constraints imposed on these conditions in the presence of a horizon are determined for small 1w an analytic solution to spherically symmetric timedependent einstein equations is obtained conditions are determined under which the dynamics of matter changes from collapse to expansion characteristic times of the evolution of the system are evaluated it is proved that the accretion of phantom matter for w1 onto a black hole leads to the decreases of the horizon radius of the black hole ie the black hole is dissolved
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711.0227
The Poincare lemma and local embeddability
For pseudoconvex abstract CR manifolds, the validity of the Poincare Lemma for (0,1) forms implies local embeddability in C^N. The two properties are equivalent for hypersurfaces of real dimension > or = 5. As a corollary we obtain a criterion for the non validity of the Poicare Lemma for (0,1) forms for a large class of abstract CR manifolds of CR codimension larger than one.
math.CV math.AP math.AT
for pseudoconvex abstract cr manifolds the validity of the poincare lemma for 01 forms implies local embeddability in cn the two properties are equivalent for hypersurfaces of real dimension or 5 as a corollary we obtain a criterion for the non validity of the poicare lemma for 01 forms for a large class of abstract cr manifolds of cr codimension larger than one
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711.0228
Effect of charge distribution on the translocation of an inhomogeneously charged polymer through a nanopore
We investigate the voltage-driven translocation of an inhomogeneously charged polymer through a nanopore by utilizing discrete and continuous stochastic models. As a simplified illustration of the effect of charge distribution on translocation, we consider the translocation of a polymer with a single charged site in the presence and absence of interactions between the charge and the pore. We find that the position of the charge that minimizes the translocation time in the absence of pore--polymer interactions is determined by the entropic cost of translocation, with the optimum charge position being at the midpoint of the chain for a rodlike polymer and close to the leading chain end for an ideal chain. The presence of attractive or repulsive pore--charge interactions yields a shift in the optimum charge position towards the trailing end and the leading end of the chain, respectively. Moreover, our results show that strong attractive or repulsive interactions between the charge and the pore lengthen the translocation time relative to translocation through an inert pore. We generalize our results to accommodate the presence of multiple charged sites on the polymer. Our results provide insight into the effect of charge inhomogeneity on protein translocation through biological membranes.
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech
we investigate the voltagedriven translocation of an inhomogeneously charged polymer through a nanopore by utilizing discrete and continuous stochastic models as a simplified illustration of the effect of charge distribution on translocation we consider the translocation of a polymer with a single charged site in the presence and absence of interactions between the charge and the pore we find that the position of the charge that minimizes the translocation time in the absence of porepolymer interactions is determined by the entropic cost of translocation with the optimum charge position being at the midpoint of the chain for a rodlike polymer and close to the leading chain end for an ideal chain the presence of attractive or repulsive porecharge interactions yields a shift in the optimum charge position towards the trailing end and the leading end of the chain respectively moreover our results show that strong attractive or repulsive interactions between the charge and the pore lengthen the translocation time relative to translocation through an inert pore we generalize our results to accommodate the presence of multiple charged sites on the polymer our results provide insight into the effect of charge inhomogeneity on protein translocation through biological membranes
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711.0229
Obstructions to generic embeddings
In Grauert's paper [G] it is noted that finite dimensionality of cohomology groups sometimes implies vanishing of these cohomomogy groups. Later on Laufer formulated a zero or infinity law for the cohomology groups of domains in Stein manifolds. In this paper we generalize Laufer's Theorem in [L] and its version for small domains of CR manifolds, proved in [Br], by considering Whitney cohomology on locally closed subsets and cohomology with supports for currents. With this approach we obtain a global result for CR manifolds generically embedded in a Stein manifold. Namely a necessary condition for global embedding into an open subset of a Stein manifold is that the de-bar-M-cohomology groups must be either zero or infinite dimensional.
math.CV math.AT math.DG
in grauerts paper g it is noted that finite dimensionality of cohomology groups sometimes implies vanishing of these cohomomogy groups later on laufer formulated a zero or infinity law for the cohomology groups of domains in stein manifolds in this paper we generalize laufers theorem in l and its version for small domains of cr manifolds proved in br by considering whitney cohomology on locally closed subsets and cohomology with supports for currents with this approach we obtain a global result for cr manifolds generically embedded in a stein manifold namely a necessary condition for global embedding into an open subset of a stein manifold is that the debarmcohomology groups must be either zero or infinite dimensional
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711.023
The Effect of the ISM Model on Star Formation Properties in Galactic Discs
Modelling global disc galaxies is a difficult task which has previously resulted in the small scale physics of the interstellar medium being greatly simplified. In this talk, I compare simulations of galaxies with different ISM properties to determine the importance of the ISM structure in the star formation properties of the disc.
astro-ph
modelling global disc galaxies is a difficult task which has previously resulted in the small scale physics of the interstellar medium being greatly simplified in this talk i compare simulations of galaxies with different ism properties to determine the importance of the ism structure in the star formation properties of the disc
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711.0231
An Ammonia Spectral Atlas of Dense Cores in Perseus
We present ammonia observations of 193 dense cores and core candidates in the Perseus molecular cloud made using the Robert F. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We simultaneously observed the NH3(1,1), NH3(2,2), CCS (2_1 -> 1_0) and CC34S (2_1 -> 1_0) transitions near 23 GHz for each of the targets with a spectral resolution of dv ~ 0.024 km/s. We find ammonia emission associated with nearly all of the (sub)millimeter sources as well as at several positions with no associated continuum emission. For each detection, we have measured physical properties by fitting a simple model to every spectral line simultaneously. Where appropriate, we have refined the model by accounting for low optical depths, multiple components along the line of sight and imperfect coupling to the GBT beam. For the cores in Perseus, we find a typical kinetic temperature of T=11 K, a typical column density of N(NH3)~ 10^14.5 /cm^2 and velocity dispersions ranging from sigma_v = 0.07 km/s to 0.7 km/s. However, many cores with velocity dispersions > 0.2 km/s show evidence for multiple velocity components along the line of sight.
astro-ph
we present ammonia observations of 193 dense cores and core candidates in the perseus molecular cloud made using the robert f byrd green bank telescope we simultaneously observed the nh311 nh322 ccs 2_1 1_0 and cc34s 2_1 1_0 transitions near 23 ghz for each of the targets with a spectral resolution of dv 0024 kms we find ammonia emission associated with nearly all of the submillimeter sources as well as at several positions with no associated continuum emission for each detection we have measured physical properties by fitting a simple model to every spectral line simultaneously where appropriate we have refined the model by accounting for low optical depths multiple components along the line of sight and imperfect coupling to the gbt beam for the cores in perseus we find a typical kinetic temperature of t11 k a typical column density of nnh3 10145 cm2 and velocity dispersions ranging from sigma_v 007 kms to 07 kms however many cores with velocity dispersions 02 kms show evidence for multiple velocity components along the line of sight
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711.0232
Discovering the Higgs Bosons of Minimal Supersymmetry with Tau Leptons and a Bottom Quark
We investigate the prospects for the discovery at the CERN Large Hadron Collider or at the Fermilab Tevatron of neutral Higgs bosons through the channel where the Higgs are produced together with a single bottom quark and the Higgs decays into a pair of tau leptons, $bg \to b\phi^0 \to b\tau^+\tau^-, \phi^0 = h^0, H^0, A^0$. We work within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model. The dominant physics background from the production of $b\tau^+\tau^-$, $j\tau^+\tau^-$ ($j = g, u, d, s, c$), $b\bar{b}W^+W^-$, $W+2j$ and $Wbj$ is calculated with realistic acceptance cuts and efficiencies. Promising results are found for the CP-odd pseudoscalar ($A^0$) and the heavier CP-even scalar ($H^0$) Higgs bosons with masses up to one TeV.
hep-ph
we investigate the prospects for the discovery at the cern large hadron collider or at the fermilab tevatron of neutral higgs bosons through the channel where the higgs are produced together with a single bottom quark and the higgs decays into a pair of tau leptons bg to bphi0 to btautau phi0 h0 h0 a0 we work within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model the dominant physics background from the production of btautau jtautau j g u d s c bbarbww w2j and wbj is calculated with realistic acceptance cuts and efficiencies promising results are found for the cpodd pseudoscalar a0 and the heavier cpeven scalar h0 higgs bosons with masses up to one tev
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711.0233
Laserless trapped-ion quantum simulations without spontaneous scattering using microtrap arrays
We propose an architecture and methodology for large-scale quantum simulations using hyperfine states of trapped-ions in an arbitrary-layout microtrap array with laserless interactions. An ion is trapped at each site, and the electrode structure provides for the application of single and pairwise evolution operators using only locally created microwave and radio-frequency fields. The avoidance of short-lived atomic levels during evolution effectively eliminates errors due to spontaneous scattering; this may allow scaling of quantum simulators based on trapped ions to much larger systems than currently estimated. Such a configuration may also be particularly appropriate for one-way quantum computing with trapped-ion cluster states.
quant-ph
we propose an architecture and methodology for largescale quantum simulations using hyperfine states of trappedions in an arbitrarylayout microtrap array with laserless interactions an ion is trapped at each site and the electrode structure provides for the application of single and pairwise evolution operators using only locally created microwave and radiofrequency fields the avoidance of shortlived atomic levels during evolution effectively eliminates errors due to spontaneous scattering this may allow scaling of quantum simulators based on trapped ions to much larger systems than currently estimated such a configuration may also be particularly appropriate for oneway quantum computing with trappedion cluster states
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711.0234
Noncommutative Spacetime and Emergent Gravity
We argue that a field theory defined on noncommutative (NC) spacetime should be regarded as a theory of gravity, which we refer to as the emergent gravity. A whole point of the emergent gravity is essentially originated from the basic property: A NC spacetime is a (NC) phase space. This fact leads to two important consequences: (I) A NC field theory can basically be identified with a matrix model or a large N field theory where NC fields can be regarded as master fields of large N matrices. (II) NC fields essentially define vector (tetrad) fields. So they define a gravitational metric of some manifold as an emergent geometry from NC gauge fields. Of course, the pictures (I) and (II) should refer to the same physics, which should be familiar with the large N duality in string theory. The 1/N corrections in the picture (I) correspond to the derivative corrections in terms of the noncommutativity \theta for the picture (II).
hep-th gr-qc hep-ph math.SG
we argue that a field theory defined on noncommutative nc spacetime should be regarded as a theory of gravity which we refer to as the emergent gravity a whole point of the emergent gravity is essentially originated from the basic property a nc spacetime is a nc phase space this fact leads to two important consequences i a nc field theory can basically be identified with a matrix model or a large n field theory where nc fields can be regarded as master fields of large n matrices ii nc fields essentially define vector tetrad fields so they define a gravitational metric of some manifold as an emergent geometry from nc gauge fields of course the pictures i and ii should refer to the same physics which should be familiar with the large n duality in string theory the 1n corrections in the picture i correspond to the derivative corrections in terms of the noncommutativity theta for the picture ii
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711.0235
Multiply Connected Topological Economics, Confidence Relation and Political Economy
Using the similar formulas of the preference relation and the utility function, we propose the confidence relations and the corresponding influence functions that represent various interacting strengths of different families, cliques and systems of organization. Since they can affect products, profit and prices, etc., in an economic system, and are usually independent of economic results, therefore, the system can produce a multiply connected topological economics. If the political economy is an economy chaperoned polity, it will produce consequentially a binary economy. When the changes of the product and the influence are independent one another, they may be a node or saddle point. When the influence function large enough achieves a certain threshold value, it will form a wormhole with loss of capital. Various powers produce usually the economic wormhole and various corruptions.
math.GM
using the similar formulas of the preference relation and the utility function we propose the confidence relations and the corresponding influence functions that represent various interacting strengths of different families cliques and systems of organization since they can affect products profit and prices etc in an economic system and are usually independent of economic results therefore the system can produce a multiply connected topological economics if the political economy is an economy chaperoned polity it will produce consequentially a binary economy when the changes of the product and the influence are independent one another they may be a node or saddle point when the influence function large enough achieves a certain threshold value it will form a wormhole with loss of capital various powers produce usually the economic wormhole and various corruptions
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711.0236
Euclidean Correlation Functions in a Holographic Model of QCD
We compute euclidean coordinate space correlation functions in a holographic model of QCD. We concentrate, in particular, on channels that are related to the U(1)_A problem, the flavor-singlet axialvector, pseudoscalar meson, and pseudoscalar glueball (topological charge) correlator. We find that even a very simple holographic model defined on a slice of AdS_5 provides a qualitatively correct description of QCD correlation functions. We study the role of anomaly terms, and show that both euclidean positivity and low energy theorems based on the axial anomaly relation are correctly implemented. We compare the results with expectations from an instanton model of the QCD vacuum.
hep-ph hep-lat
we compute euclidean coordinate space correlation functions in a holographic model of qcd we concentrate in particular on channels that are related to the u1_a problem the flavorsinglet axialvector pseudoscalar meson and pseudoscalar glueball topological charge correlator we find that even a very simple holographic model defined on a slice of ads_5 provides a qualitatively correct description of qcd correlation functions we study the role of anomaly terms and show that both euclidean positivity and low energy theorems based on the axial anomaly relation are correctly implemented we compare the results with expectations from an instanton model of the qcd vacuum
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711.0237
Zero-rate feedback can achieve the empirical capacity
The utility of limited feedback for coding over an individual sequence of DMCs is investigated. This study complements recent results showing how limited or noisy feedback can boost the reliability of communication. A strategy with fixed input distribution $P$ is given that asymptotically achieves rates arbitrarily close to the mutual information induced by $P$ and the state-averaged channel. When the capacity achieving input distribution is the same over all channel states, this achieves rates at least as large as the capacity of the state averaged channel, sometimes called the empirical capacity.
cs.IT math.IT
the utility of limited feedback for coding over an individual sequence of dmcs is investigated this study complements recent results showing how limited or noisy feedback can boost the reliability of communication a strategy with fixed input distribution p is given that asymptotically achieves rates arbitrarily close to the mutual information induced by p and the stateaveraged channel when the capacity achieving input distribution is the same over all channel states this achieves rates at least as large as the capacity of the state averaged channel sometimes called the empirical capacity
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711.0238
The Evolutionary History of Galactic Bulges: Photometric and Spectroscopic Studies of Distant Spheroids in the GOODS Fields
We report on the first results of a new study aimed at understanding the diversity and evolutionary history of distant galactic bulges in the context of now well-established trends for pure spheroidal galaxies. To this end, bulges have been isolated for a sample of 137 spiral galaxies within the redshift range 0.1<z<1.2 in the GOODS fields. Using proven photometric techniques we determine the characteristic parameters (size, surface brightness, profile shape) of both the disk and bulge components in our sample. In agreement with earlier work which utilized aperture colors, distant bulges show a broader range of optical colors than would be the case for passively-evolving populations. To quantify the amount of recent star formation necessary to explain this result, we used the DEIMOS spectrograph to secure stellar velocity dispersions for a sizeable fraction of our sample. This has enabled us to compare the Fundamental Plane of our distant bulges with that for spheroidal galaxies in a similar redshift range. Bulges of spiral galaxies with a bulge-to-total luminosity ratio (B/T)>0.2 show very similar patterns of evolution to those seen for pure spheroidals such that the stellar populations of all spheroids with M>10^{11}Msun are homogeneously old, consistent with a single major burst of star formation at high redshift (z_f<~2), while bulges with M<10^{11}Msun must have had more recent stellar mass growth (~10% in mass since z~1). Although further data spanning a wider range of redshift and mass is desirable, the striking similarity between the assembly histories of bulges and low mass spheroidals is difficult to reconcile with the picture whereby the majority of large bulges form primarily via secular processes within spiral galaxies.
astro-ph
we report on the first results of a new study aimed at understanding the diversity and evolutionary history of distant galactic bulges in the context of now wellestablished trends for pure spheroidal galaxies to this end bulges have been isolated for a sample of 137 spiral galaxies within the redshift range 01z12 in the goods fields using proven photometric techniques we determine the characteristic parameters size surface brightness profile shape of both the disk and bulge components in our sample in agreement with earlier work which utilized aperture colors distant bulges show a broader range of optical colors than would be the case for passivelyevolving populations to quantify the amount of recent star formation necessary to explain this result we used the deimos spectrograph to secure stellar velocity dispersions for a sizeable fraction of our sample this has enabled us to compare the fundamental plane of our distant bulges with that for spheroidal galaxies in a similar redshift range bulges of spiral galaxies with a bulgetototal luminosity ratio bt02 show very similar patterns of evolution to those seen for pure spheroidals such that the stellar populations of all spheroids with m1011msun are homogeneously old consistent with a single major burst of star formation at high redshift z_f2 while bulges with m1011msun must have had more recent stellar mass growth 10 in mass since z1 although further data spanning a wider range of redshift and mass is desirable the striking similarity between the assembly histories of bulges and low mass spheroidals is difficult to reconcile with the picture whereby the majority of large bulges form primarily via secular processes within spiral galaxies
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711.0239
Superspecial Abelian Varieties and the Eichler Basis Problem for Hilbert Modular Forms
Let $p$ be an unramified prime in a totally real field $L$ such that $h^+(L)=1$. Our main result shows that Hilbert modular newforms of parallel weight two for $\Gamma_0(p)$ can be constructed naturally, via classical theta series, from modules of isogenies of superspecial abelian varieties with real multiplication on a Hilbert moduli space. This can be viewed as a geometric reinterpretation of the Eichler Basis Problem for Hilbert modular forms.
math.NT math.AG
let p be an unramified prime in a totally real field l such that hl1 our main result shows that hilbert modular newforms of parallel weight two for gamma_0p can be constructed naturally via classical theta series from modules of isogenies of superspecial abelian varieties with real multiplication on a hilbert moduli space this can be viewed as a geometric reinterpretation of the eichler basis problem for hilbert modular forms
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711.024
Slow Divergence and Unique Ergodicity
Masur showed that a Teichmuller geodesic that is recurrent in the moduli space of closed Riemann surfaces is necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with a uniquely ergodic vertical foliation. In this paper, we show that a divergent Teichmuller geodesic satisfying a certain slow rate of divergence is also necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with unique ergodic vertical foliation. As an application, we sketch a proof of a complete characterization of the set of nonergodic directions in any double cover of the flat torus branched over two points.
math.DS math-ph math.MP
masur showed that a teichmuller geodesic that is recurrent in the moduli space of closed riemann surfaces is necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with a uniquely ergodic vertical foliation in this paper we show that a divergent teichmuller geodesic satisfying a certain slow rate of divergence is also necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with unique ergodic vertical foliation as an application we sketch a proof of a complete characterization of the set of nonergodic directions in any double cover of the flat torus branched over two points
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711.0241
Evidence for the intrinsic ferromagnetism of semiconductor (Ga,Cr)As revealed by magnetic circular dichroism
To clarify whether or not (Ga,Cr)As is an intrinsic diluted magnetic semiconductor, a systematic study of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) was carried out for a series of (Ga,Cr)As epilayers grown by the low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy technique. The present work provides unambiguous evidence for the intrinsic ferromagnetism of the (Ga,Cr)As epilayers with all the necessary properties in accordance with that of a diluted magnetic semiconductor, especially the hysteresis characteristics, which is opened up in the magnetic field dependence of MCD.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.other
to clarify whether or not gacras is an intrinsic diluted magnetic semiconductor a systematic study of the magnetic circular dichroism mcd was carried out for a series of gacras epilayers grown by the lowtemperature molecularbeam epitaxy technique the present work provides unambiguous evidence for the intrinsic ferromagnetism of the gacras epilayers with all the necessary properties in accordance with that of a diluted magnetic semiconductor especially the hysteresis characteristics which is opened up in the magnetic field dependence of mcd
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711.0242
Where are the missing gamma ray burst redshifts?
In the redshift range z = 0-1, the gamma ray burst (GRB) redshift distribution should increase rapidly because of increasing differential volume sizes and strong evolution in the star formation rate. This feature is not observed in the Swift redshift distribution and to account for this discrepancy, a dominant bias, independent of the Swift sensitivity, is required. Furthermore, despite rapid localization, about 40-50% of Swift and pre-Swift GRBs do not have a measured redshift. We employ a heuristic technique to extract this redshift bias using 66 GRBs localized by Swift with redshifts determined from absorption or emission spectroscopy. For the Swift and HETE+BeppoSAX redshift distributions, the best model fit to the bias in z < 1 implies that if GRB rate evolution follows the SFR, the bias cancels this rate increase. We find that the same bias is affecting both Swift and HETE+BeppoSAX measurements similarly in z < 1. Using a bias model constrained at a 98% KS probability, we find that 72% of GRBs in z < 2 will not have measurable redshifts and about 55% in z > 2. To achieve this high KS probability requires increasing the GRB rate density in small z compared to the high-z rate. This provides further evidence for a low-luminosity population of GRBs that are observed in only a small volume because of their faintness.
astro-ph
in the redshift range z 01 the gamma ray burst grb redshift distribution should increase rapidly because of increasing differential volume sizes and strong evolution in the star formation rate this feature is not observed in the swift redshift distribution and to account for this discrepancy a dominant bias independent of the swift sensitivity is required furthermore despite rapid localization about 4050 of swift and preswift grbs do not have a measured redshift we employ a heuristic technique to extract this redshift bias using 66 grbs localized by swift with redshifts determined from absorption or emission spectroscopy for the swift and hetebepposax redshift distributions the best model fit to the bias in z 1 implies that if grb rate evolution follows the sfr the bias cancels this rate increase we find that the same bias is affecting both swift and hetebepposax measurements similarly in z 1 using a bias model constrained at a 98 ks probability we find that 72 of grbs in z 2 will not have measurable redshifts and about 55 in z 2 to achieve this high ks probability requires increasing the grb rate density in small z compared to the highz rate this provides further evidence for a lowluminosity population of grbs that are observed in only a small volume because of their faintness
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711.0243
New instability in relativistic cylindrically symmetric system
We investigate an infinitesimally thin cylindrical shell composed of counter-rotating dust particles. This system was studied by Apostolatos and Thorne in terms of the C-energy for a bounded domain. In this paper, we reanalyze this system by evaluating the C-energy on the future null infinity. We find that some class of momentarily static and radiation-free initial data does not settle down into static, equilibrium configurations, and otherwise infinite amount of the gravitational radiation is emitted to the future null infinity. Our result implies the existence of an instability in this system. In the framework of the Newtonian gravity, a cylindrical shell composed of counter-rotating dust particles can be in a steady state with oscillation by the gravitational attraction and centrifugal repulsion, and hence a static state is not necessarily realized as a final state. By contrast, in the framework of general relativity, the steady oscillating state will be impossible since the gravitational radiation will carry the energy of the oscillation to infinity. Thus, this instability has no counterpart in the Newtonian gravity.
gr-qc
we investigate an infinitesimally thin cylindrical shell composed of counterrotating dust particles this system was studied by apostolatos and thorne in terms of the cenergy for a bounded domain in this paper we reanalyze this system by evaluating the cenergy on the future null infinity we find that some class of momentarily static and radiationfree initial data does not settle down into static equilibrium configurations and otherwise infinite amount of the gravitational radiation is emitted to the future null infinity our result implies the existence of an instability in this system in the framework of the newtonian gravity a cylindrical shell composed of counterrotating dust particles can be in a steady state with oscillation by the gravitational attraction and centrifugal repulsion and hence a static state is not necessarily realized as a final state by contrast in the framework of general relativity the steady oscillating state will be impossible since the gravitational radiation will carry the energy of the oscillation to infinity thus this instability has no counterpart in the newtonian gravity
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711.0244
The Hubbard model on the triangular lattice: Spiral order and spin liquid
We investigate the half-filled Hubbard model on an isotropic triangular lattice with the variational cluster approximation. By decreasing the on-site repulsion $U$ (or equivalently increasing pressure) we go from a phase with long range, three-sublattice, spiral magnetic order, to a non-magnetic Mott insulating phase -- a spin liquid -- and then, for $U\lesssim6.7t$, to a metallic phase. Clusters of sizes 3, 6 and 15 with open boundary conditions are used in these calculations, and an extrapolation to infinite size is argued to lead to a disordered phase at $U=8t$, but to a spiral order at $U\gtrsim 12$.
cond-mat.str-el
we investigate the halffilled hubbard model on an isotropic triangular lattice with the variational cluster approximation by decreasing the onsite repulsion u or equivalently increasing pressure we go from a phase with long range threesublattice spiral magnetic order to a nonmagnetic mott insulating phase a spin liquid and then for ulesssim67t to a metallic phase clusters of sizes 3 6 and 15 with open boundary conditions are used in these calculations and an extrapolation to infinite size is argued to lead to a disordered phase at u8t but to a spiral order at ugtrsim 12
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711.0245
High precision study of B*B pi coupling in unquenched QCD
The B* B pi coupling is a fundamental parameter of chiral effective Lagrangian with heavy-light mesons and can constrain the B->pi l nu form factor in the soft pion limit which will be useful for precise determination of |Vub|. We compute the B* B pi coupling with the static heavy quark and the O(a)-improved Wilson light quark. Simulations are carried out with n_f=2 unquenched 12^3x24 lattices at beta=1.80 generated by CP-PACS collaboration. Following the quenched study by Negishi et al., we employ the all-to-all propagator with 200 low eigenmodes as well as HYP smeared link to improve the statistical accuracy.
hep-lat
the b b pi coupling is a fundamental parameter of chiral effective lagrangian with heavylight mesons and can constrain the bpi l nu form factor in the soft pion limit which will be useful for precise determination of vub we compute the b b pi coupling with the static heavy quark and the oaimproved wilson light quark simulations are carried out with n_f2 unquenched 123x24 lattices at beta180 generated by cppacs collaboration following the quenched study by negishi et al we employ the alltoall propagator with 200 low eigenmodes as well as hyp smeared link to improve the statistical accuracy
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711.0246
Steady State Thermodynamics for Heat Conduction -- Microscopic Derivation
Starting from microscopic mechanics, we derive thermodynamic relations for heat conducting nonequilibrium steady states. The extended Clausius relation enables one to experimentally determine nonequilibrium entropy to the second order in the heat current. The associated Shannon-like microscopic expression of the entropy is suggestive. When the heat current is fixed, the extended Gibbs relation provides a unified treatment of thermodynamic forces in linear nonequilibrium regime.
cond-mat.stat-mech
starting from microscopic mechanics we derive thermodynamic relations for heat conducting nonequilibrium steady states the extended clausius relation enables one to experimentally determine nonequilibrium entropy to the second order in the heat current the associated shannonlike microscopic expression of the entropy is suggestive when the heat current is fixed the extended gibbs relation provides a unified treatment of thermodynamic forces in linear nonequilibrium regime
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711.0247
The Source of Ionization along the Magellanic Stream
Since its discovery in 1996, the source of the bright H-alpha emission (up to 750 mR) along the Magellanic Stream has remained a mystery. There is no evidence of ionising stars within the HI stream, and the extended hot halo is far too tenuous to drive strong shocks into the clouds. We now present a hydrodynamical model that explains the known properties of the H-alpha emission and provides new insights on the lifetime of the Stream clouds. The upstream clouds are gradually disrupted due to their interaction with the hot halo gas. The clouds that follow plough into gas ablated from the upstream clouds, leading to shock ionisation at the leading edges of the downstream clouds. Since the following clouds also experience ablation, and weaker H-alpha (100-200 mR) is quite extensive, a disruptive cascade must be operating along much of the Stream. In our model, the clouds are evolving on timescales of 100-200 Myr, such that the Stream must be replenished by the Magellanic Clouds at a fairly constant rate. The ablated material falls onto the Galaxy as a warm drizzle which suggests that diffuse ionized gas at 10**4 K may be an important constituent of galactic accretion. The observed HI emission provides a new constraint on the rate of disruption of the Stream and, consequently, the infall rate of metal-poor gas onto the Galaxy. When the ionized component of the Stream is fully accounted for, the rate of gas accretion is 0.4 Msun/yr, roughly twice the rate deduced from HI observations alone.
astro-ph
since its discovery in 1996 the source of the bright halpha emission up to 750 mr along the magellanic stream has remained a mystery there is no evidence of ionising stars within the hi stream and the extended hot halo is far too tenuous to drive strong shocks into the clouds we now present a hydrodynamical model that explains the known properties of the halpha emission and provides new insights on the lifetime of the stream clouds the upstream clouds are gradually disrupted due to their interaction with the hot halo gas the clouds that follow plough into gas ablated from the upstream clouds leading to shock ionisation at the leading edges of the downstream clouds since the following clouds also experience ablation and weaker halpha 100200 mr is quite extensive a disruptive cascade must be operating along much of the stream in our model the clouds are evolving on timescales of 100200 myr such that the stream must be replenished by the magellanic clouds at a fairly constant rate the ablated material falls onto the galaxy as a warm drizzle which suggests that diffuse ionized gas at 104 k may be an important constituent of galactic accretion the observed hi emission provides a new constraint on the rate of disruption of the stream and consequently the infall rate of metalpoor gas onto the galaxy when the ionized component of the stream is fully accounted for the rate of gas accretion is 04 msunyr roughly twice the rate deduced from hi observations alone
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711.0248
The link between chemical anomalies along the red giant branch and the horizontal branch extension in globular clusters
We find a strong correlation between the extension of the Na-O anticorrelation observed in red giant branch (RGB) stars and the high temperature extension of the horizontal branch (HB) blue tails of Galactic globular clusters (GCs). The longer is the O-depleted tail of the Na-O anticorrelation observed in the RGB stars, the higher is the maximum temperature reached by the bluest HB stars in the GC. This result provides a clear, empirical evidence of a link between the extension of the HB and the presence of star-to-star abundance variations of proton-capture elements in GC stars. We discuss the possible interpretation of this correlation.
astro-ph
we find a strong correlation between the extension of the nao anticorrelation observed in red giant branch rgb stars and the high temperature extension of the horizontal branch hb blue tails of galactic globular clusters gcs the longer is the odepleted tail of the nao anticorrelation observed in the rgb stars the higher is the maximum temperature reached by the bluest hb stars in the gc this result provides a clear empirical evidence of a link between the extension of the hb and the presence of startostar abundance variations of protoncapture elements in gc stars we discuss the possible interpretation of this correlation
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711.0249
The enigma of GCIRS 3 - Constraining the properties of the mid-infrared reference star of the central parsec of the Milky Way with optical long baseline interferometry
GCIRS3 is the most prominent MIR source in the central pc of the Galaxy. NIR spectroscopy failed to solve the enigma of its nature. The properties of extreme individual objects of the central stellar cluster contribute to our knowledge of star and dust formation close to a supermassive black hole. We initiated an interferometric experiment to understand IRS3 and investigate its properties as spectroscopic and interferometric reference star at 10um. VISIR imaging separates a compact source from diffuse, surrounding emission. The VLTI/MIDI instrument was used to measure visibilities at 10mas resolution of that compact 10um source, still unresolved by a single VLT. Photometry data were added to enable simple SED- and full radiative transfer-models of the data. The luminosity and size estimates show that IRS3 is probably a cool carbon star enshrouded by a complex dust distribution. Dust temperatures were derived. The coinciding interpretation of multiple datasets confirm dust emission at several spatial scales. The IF data resolve the innermost area of dust formation. Despite observed deep silicate absorption towards IRS3 we favor a carbon rich chemistry of the circumstellar dust shell. The silicate absorption most probably takes place in the outer diffuse dust, which is mostly ignored by MIDI measurements. This indicates physically and chemically distinct conditions of the local dust, changing with the distance to IRS3. We have demonstrated that optical long baseline interferometry at infrared wavelengths is an indispensable tool to investigate sources at the Galactic Center. Our findings suggest further studies of the composition of interstellar dust and the shape of the 10um silicate feature at this outstanding region.
astro-ph
gcirs3 is the most prominent mir source in the central pc of the galaxy nir spectroscopy failed to solve the enigma of its nature the properties of extreme individual objects of the central stellar cluster contribute to our knowledge of star and dust formation close to a supermassive black hole we initiated an interferometric experiment to understand irs3 and investigate its properties as spectroscopic and interferometric reference star at 10um visir imaging separates a compact source from diffuse surrounding emission the vltimidi instrument was used to measure visibilities at 10mas resolution of that compact 10um source still unresolved by a single vlt photometry data were added to enable simple sed and full radiative transfermodels of the data the luminosity and size estimates show that irs3 is probably a cool carbon star enshrouded by a complex dust distribution dust temperatures were derived the coinciding interpretation of multiple datasets confirm dust emission at several spatial scales the if data resolve the innermost area of dust formation despite observed deep silicate absorption towards irs3 we favor a carbon rich chemistry of the circumstellar dust shell the silicate absorption most probably takes place in the outer diffuse dust which is mostly ignored by midi measurements this indicates physically and chemically distinct conditions of the local dust changing with the distance to irs3 we have demonstrated that optical long baseline interferometry at infrared wavelengths is an indispensable tool to investigate sources at the galactic center our findings suggest further studies of the composition of interstellar dust and the shape of the 10um silicate feature at this outstanding region
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711.025
Tail effects in the third post-Newtonian gravitational wave energy flux of compact binaries in quasi-elliptical orbits
The far-zone flux of energy contains hereditary (tail) contributions that depend on the entire past history of the source. Using the multipolar post-Minkowskian wave generation formalism, we propose and implement a semi-analytical method in the frequency domain to compute these contributions from the inspiral phase of a binary system of compact objects moving in quasi-elliptical orbits up to 3PN order. The method explicitly uses the quasi-Keplerian representation of elliptical orbits at 1PN order and exploits the doubly periodic nature of the motion to average the 3PN fluxes over the binary's orbit. Together with the instantaneous (non-tail) contributions evaluated in a companion paper, it provides crucial inputs for the construction of ready-to-use templates for compact binaries moving on quasi-elliptic orbits, an interesting class of sources for the ground based gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO and Virgo as well as space based detectors like LISA.
gr-qc
the farzone flux of energy contains hereditary tail contributions that depend on the entire past history of the source using the multipolar postminkowskian wave generation formalism we propose and implement a semianalytical method in the frequency domain to compute these contributions from the inspiral phase of a binary system of compact objects moving in quasielliptical orbits up to 3pn order the method explicitly uses the quasikeplerian representation of elliptical orbits at 1pn order and exploits the doubly periodic nature of the motion to average the 3pn fluxes over the binarys orbit together with the instantaneous nontail contributions evaluated in a companion paper it provides crucial inputs for the construction of readytouse templates for compact binaries moving on quasielliptic orbits an interesting class of sources for the ground based gravitational wave detectors such as ligo and virgo as well as space based detectors like lisa
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711.0251
Faster Algorithms for Online Topological Ordering
We present two algorithms for maintaining the topological order of a directed acyclic graph with n vertices, under an online edge insertion sequence of m edges. Efficient algorithms for online topological ordering have many applications, including online cycle detection, which is to discover the first edge that introduces a cycle under an arbitrary sequence of edge insertions in a directed graph. In this paper we present efficient algorithms for the online topological ordering problem. We first present a simple algorithm with running time O(n^{5/2}) for the online topological ordering problem. This is the current fastest algorithm for this problem on dense graphs, i.e., when m > n^{5/3}. We then present an algorithm with running time O((m + nlog n)\sqrt{m}); this is more efficient for sparse graphs. Our results yield an improved upper bound of O(min(n^{5/2}, (m + nlog n)sqrt{m})) for the online topological ordering problem.
cs.DS
we present two algorithms for maintaining the topological order of a directed acyclic graph with n vertices under an online edge insertion sequence of m edges efficient algorithms for online topological ordering have many applications including online cycle detection which is to discover the first edge that introduces a cycle under an arbitrary sequence of edge insertions in a directed graph in this paper we present efficient algorithms for the online topological ordering problem we first present a simple algorithm with running time on52 for the online topological ordering problem this is the current fastest algorithm for this problem on dense graphs ie when m n53 we then present an algorithm with running time om nlog nsqrtm this is more efficient for sparse graphs our results yield an improved upper bound of ominn52 m nlog nsqrtm for the online topological ordering problem
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711.0252
Algebraic setup of non-strict multiple zeta values
In this article, we introduce an algebraic setup of non-strict multiple zeta values (NMZVs, for short) and prove some relations of NMZVs, which are analogous to Hoffman's relations of multiple zeta values, by using this algebraic setup of NMZVs.
math.NT
in this article we introduce an algebraic setup of nonstrict multiple zeta values nmzvs for short and prove some relations of nmzvs which are analogous to hoffmans relations of multiple zeta values by using this algebraic setup of nmzvs
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711.0253
Light deflection in the second post-Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory of gravity
In this paper, we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion in the 2nd post-Newtonian approximation in scalar-tensor theory including intermediate range gravity to derive the deflection of light and compare it with previous works. These results will be useful for precision astrometry missions like GAIA (Global Astrometric Interferometer of Astrophysics), SIMS (The Space Interferometry Mission) and LATOR (Laser Astrometric Test Of Relativity) which aim at astrometry with microarcsecond and nanoarcsecond accuracies and need 2nd post-Newtonian framework and ephemeris to determine the stellar and spacecraft positions.
astro-ph gr-qc physics.space-ph
in this paper we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion in the 2nd postnewtonian approximation in scalartensor theory including intermediate range gravity to derive the deflection of light and compare it with previous works these results will be useful for precision astrometry missions like gaia global astrometric interferometer of astrophysics sims the space interferometry mission and lator laser astrometric test of relativity which aim at astrometry with microarcsecond and nanoarcsecond accuracies and need 2nd postnewtonian framework and ephemeris to determine the stellar and spacecraft positions
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711.0254
An action with positive kinetic energy term for general relativity
At first, we state some results in arXiv: 0707.2639, and then, using a positive kinetic energy coordinate condition given by arXiv: 0707.2639, we present an action with positive kinetic energy term for general relativity. Based on this action, the corresponding theory of canonical quantization is discussed.
gr-qc
at first we state some results in arxiv 07072639 and then using a positive kinetic energy coordinate condition given by arxiv 07072639 we present an action with positive kinetic energy term for general relativity based on this action the corresponding theory of canonical quantization is discussed
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711.0255
On spherically symmetric metric satisfying the positive kinetic energy coordinate condition
Generally speaking, there is a negative kinetic energy term in the Lagrangian of the Einstein-Hilbert action of general relativity; On the other hand, the negative kinetic energy term can be vanished by designating a special coordinate system. For general spherically symmetric metric, the question that seeking special coordinate system that satisfies the positive kinetic energy coordinate condition is referred to solving a linear first-order partial differential equation. And then, we present a metric corresponding to the Reissner-Nordstrom solution that satisfies the positive kinetic energy coordinate condition. Finally, we discuss simply the case of the Tolman metric.
gr-qc
generally speaking there is a negative kinetic energy term in the lagrangian of the einsteinhilbert action of general relativity on the other hand the negative kinetic energy term can be vanished by designating a special coordinate system for general spherically symmetric metric the question that seeking special coordinate system that satisfies the positive kinetic energy coordinate condition is referred to solving a linear firstorder partial differential equation and then we present a metric corresponding to the reissnernordstrom solution that satisfies the positive kinetic energy coordinate condition finally we discuss simply the case of the tolman metric
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711.0256
Solar System tests of some models of modified gravity proposed to explain galactic rotation curves without dark matter
We consider the recently estimated corrections \Delta\dot\varpi to the Newtonian/Einsteinian secular precessions of the longitudes of perihelia \varpi of several planets of the Solar System in order to evaluate whether they are compatible with the predicted precessions due to models of long-range modified gravity put forth to account for certain features of the rotation curves of galaxies without resorting to dark matter. In particular, we consider a logarithmic-type correction and a f(R) inspired power-law modification of the Newtonian gravitational potential. The results obtained by taking the ratio of the apsidal rates for different pairs of planets show that the modifications of the Newtonian potentials examined in this paper are not compatible with the secular extra-precessions of the perihelia of the Solar System's planets estimated by E.V. Pitjeva as solve-for parameters processing almost one century of data with the latest EPM ephemerides.
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph physics.space-ph
we consider the recently estimated corrections deltadotvarpi to the newtonianeinsteinian secular precessions of the longitudes of perihelia varpi of several planets of the solar system in order to evaluate whether they are compatible with the predicted precessions due to models of longrange modified gravity put forth to account for certain features of the rotation curves of galaxies without resorting to dark matter in particular we consider a logarithmictype correction and a fr inspired powerlaw modification of the newtonian gravitational potential the results obtained by taking the ratio of the apsidal rates for different pairs of planets show that the modifications of the newtonian potentials examined in this paper are not compatible with the secular extraprecessions of the perihelia of the solar systems planets estimated by ev pitjeva as solvefor parameters processing almost one century of data with the latest epm ephemerides
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711.0257
Star Formation in the Extreme Outer Galaxy: Digel Cloud 2 Clusters
As a first step for studying star formation in the extreme outer Galaxy (EOG), we obtained deep near-infrared images of two embedded clusters at the northern and southern CO peaks of Cloud 2, which is one of the most distant star forming regions in the outer Galaxy (galactic radius R_g ~ 19 kpc). With high spatial resolution (FWHM ~ 0".35) and deep imaging (K ~ 21 mag) with the IRCS imager at the Subaru telescope, we detected cluster members with a mass detection limit of < 0.1 M_{sun}, which is well into the substellar regime. These high quality data enables a comparison of EOG to those in the solar neighborhood on the same basis for the first time. Before interpreting the photometric result, we have first constructed the NIR color-color diagram (dwarf star track, classical T Tauri star (CTTS) locus, reddening law) in the Mauna Kea Observatory filter system and also for the low metallicity environment since the metallicity in EOG is much lower than those in the solar neighborhood. The estimated stellar density suggests that an ``isolated type'' star formation is ongoing in Cloud 2-N, while a ``cluster type'' star formation is ongoing in Cloud 2-S. Despite the difference of the star formation mode, other characteristics of the two clusters are found to be almost identical: (1) K-band luminosity function (KLF) of the two clusters are quite similar, as is the estimated IMF and ages (~ 0.5--1 Myr) from the KLF fitting, (2) the estimated star formation efficiencies (SFEs) for both clusters are typical compared to those of embedded clusters in the solar neighborhood (~ 10 %). The similarity of two independent clusters with a large separation (~ 25 pc) strongly suggest that their star formation activities were triggered by the same mechanism, probably the supernova remnant (GSH 138-01-94).
astro-ph
as a first step for studying star formation in the extreme outer galaxy eog we obtained deep nearinfrared images of two embedded clusters at the northern and southern co peaks of cloud 2 which is one of the most distant star forming regions in the outer galaxy galactic radius r_g 19 kpc with high spatial resolution fwhm 035 and deep imaging k 21 mag with the ircs imager at the subaru telescope we detected cluster members with a mass detection limit of 01 m_sun which is well into the substellar regime these high quality data enables a comparison of eog to those in the solar neighborhood on the same basis for the first time before interpreting the photometric result we have first constructed the nir colorcolor diagram dwarf star track classical t tauri star ctts locus reddening law in the mauna kea observatory filter system and also for the low metallicity environment since the metallicity in eog is much lower than those in the solar neighborhood the estimated stellar density suggests that an isolated type star formation is ongoing in cloud 2n while a cluster type star formation is ongoing in cloud 2s despite the difference of the star formation mode other characteristics of the two clusters are found to be almost identical 1 kband luminosity function klf of the two clusters are quite similar as is the estimated imf and ages 051 myr from the klf fitting 2 the estimated star formation efficiencies sfes for both clusters are typical compared to those of embedded clusters in the solar neighborhood 10 the similarity of two independent clusters with a large separation 25 pc strongly suggest that their star formation activities were triggered by the same mechanism probably the supernova remnant gsh 1380194
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711.0258
Enhanced circular dichroism via slow-light in dispersive structured media
Circular dichroism (CD) is in widespread use as a means of determining enantiomeric excess. We show how slow-light phenomena in dispersive structured media allow for a reduction in the required optical path length of an order of magnitude. The same ideas may be used to enhance the sensitivity of CD measurements while maintaining the same optical path length through the sample. Finally, the sensitivity may be enhanced in frequency regimes where CD data is typically not accessible due to a modest chiral response of the enantiomers.
physics.optics physics.ins-det
circular dichroism cd is in widespread use as a means of determining enantiomeric excess we show how slowlight phenomena in dispersive structured media allow for a reduction in the required optical path length of an order of magnitude the same ideas may be used to enhance the sensitivity of cd measurements while maintaining the same optical path length through the sample finally the sensitivity may be enhanced in frequency regimes where cd data is typically not accessible due to a modest chiral response of the enantiomers
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711.0259
Diversification in the Internet Economy:The Role of For-Profit Mediators
We investigate market forces that would lead to the emergence of new classes of players in the sponsored search market. We report a 3-fold diversification triggered by two inherent features of the sponsored search market, namely, capacity constraints and collusion-vulnerability of current mechanisms. In the first scenario, we present a comparative study of two models motivated by capacity constraints - one where the additional capacity is provided by for-profit agents, who compete for slots in the original auction, draw traffic, and run their own sub-auctions, and the other, where the additional capacity is provided by the auctioneer herself, by essentially acting as a mediator and running a single combined auction. This study was initiated by us in \cite{SRGR07}, where the mediator-based model was studied. In the present work, we study the auctioneer-based model and show that this model seems inferior to the mediator-based model in terms of revenue or efficiency guarantee due to added capacity. In the second scenario, we initiate a game theoretic study of current sponsored search auctions, involving incentive driven mediators who exploit the fact that these mechanisms are not collusion-resistant. In particular, we show that advertisers can improve their payoffs by using the services of the mediator compared to directly participating in the auction, and that the mediator can also obtain monetary benefit, without violating incentive constraints from the advertisers who do not use its services. We also point out that the auctioneer can not do very much via mechanism design to avoid such for-profit mediation without losing badly in terms of revenue, and therefore, the mediators are likely to prevail.
cs.GT
we investigate market forces that would lead to the emergence of new classes of players in the sponsored search market we report a 3fold diversification triggered by two inherent features of the sponsored search market namely capacity constraints and collusionvulnerability of current mechanisms in the first scenario we present a comparative study of two models motivated by capacity constraints one where the additional capacity is provided by forprofit agents who compete for slots in the original auction draw traffic and run their own subauctions and the other where the additional capacity is provided by the auctioneer herself by essentially acting as a mediator and running a single combined auction this study was initiated by us in citesrgr07 where the mediatorbased model was studied in the present work we study the auctioneerbased model and show that this model seems inferior to the mediatorbased model in terms of revenue or efficiency guarantee due to added capacity in the second scenario we initiate a game theoretic study of current sponsored search auctions involving incentive driven mediators who exploit the fact that these mechanisms are not collusionresistant in particular we show that advertisers can improve their payoffs by using the services of the mediator compared to directly participating in the auction and that the mediator can also obtain monetary benefit without violating incentive constraints from the advertisers who do not use its services we also point out that the auctioneer can not do very much via mechanism design to avoid such forprofit mediation without losing badly in terms of revenue and therefore the mediators are likely to prevail
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711.026
Rotation-driven prolate-to-oblate shape phase transition in 190W: A projected shell model study
A shape phase transition is demonstrated to occur in 190W by applying the Projected Shell Model, which goes beyond the usual mean-field approximation. Rotation alignment of neutrons in the high-j, i_{13/2} orbital drives the yrast sequence of the system, changing suddenly from prolate to oblate shape at angular momentum 10$\hbar$. We propose observables to test the picture.
nucl-th cond-mat.mes-hall nucl-ex
a shape phase transition is demonstrated to occur in 190w by applying the projected shell model which goes beyond the usual meanfield approximation rotation alignment of neutrons in the highj i_132 orbital drives the yrast sequence of the system changing suddenly from prolate to oblate shape at angular momentum 10hbar we propose observables to test the picture
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711.0261
Gradient Descent Bit Flipping Algorithms for Decoding LDPC Codes
A novel class of bit-flipping (BF) algorithms for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes is presented. The proposed algorithms, which are called gradient descent bit flipping (GDBF) algorithms, can be regarded as simplified gradient descent algorithms. Based on gradient descent formulation, the proposed algorithms are naturally derived from a simple non-linear objective function.
cs.IT math.IT
a novel class of bitflipping bf algorithms for decoding lowdensity paritycheck ldpc codes is presented the proposed algorithms which are called gradient descent bit flipping gdbf algorithms can be regarded as simplified gradient descent algorithms based on gradient descent formulation the proposed algorithms are naturally derived from a simple nonlinear objective function
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711.0262
A QCD chiral critical point at small chemical potential: is it there or not?
For a QCD chiral critical point to exist, the parameter region of small quark masses for which the finite temperature transition is first-order must expand when the chemical potential is turned on. This can be tested by a Taylor expansion of the critical surface (m_{u,d},m_s)_c(mu). We present a new method to perform this Taylor expansion numerically, which we first test on an effective model of QCD with static, dense quarks. We then present the results for QCD with 3 degenerate flavors. For a lattice with N_t=4 time-slices, the first-order region shrinks as the chemical potential is turned on. This implies that, for physical quark masses, the analytic crossover which occurs at mu=0 between the hadronic and the plasma regimes remains crossover in the mu-region where a Taylor expansion is reliable, i.e. mu less than or similar to T. We present preliminary results from finer lattices indicating that this situation persists, as does the discrepancy between the curvature of T_c(m_c(mu=0),mu) and the experimentally observed freeze-out curve.
hep-lat hep-ph nucl-th
for a qcd chiral critical point to exist the parameter region of small quark masses for which the finite temperature transition is firstorder must expand when the chemical potential is turned on this can be tested by a taylor expansion of the critical surface m_udm_s_cmu we present a new method to perform this taylor expansion numerically which we first test on an effective model of qcd with static dense quarks we then present the results for qcd with 3 degenerate flavors for a lattice with n_t4 timeslices the firstorder region shrinks as the chemical potential is turned on this implies that for physical quark masses the analytic crossover which occurs at mu0 between the hadronic and the plasma regimes remains crossover in the muregion where a taylor expansion is reliable ie mu less than or similar to t we present preliminary results from finer lattices indicating that this situation persists as does the discrepancy between the curvature of t_cm_cmu0mu and the experimentally observed freezeout curve
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711.0263
Three dimensional theory for light matter interaction
We present a full quantum mechanical three dimensional theory describing an electromagnetic field interacting with an ensemble of identical atoms. The theory is constructed such that it describes recent experiments on light-matter quantum interfaces, where the quantum fluctuations of light are mapped onto the atoms and back onto light. We show that the interaction of the light with the atoms may be separated into a mean effect of the ensemble and a deviation from the mean. The mean effect of the interaction effectively give rise to an index of refraction of the gas. We formally change to a dressed state picture, where the light modes are solutions to the diffraction problem, and develop a perturbative expansion in the fluctuations. The fluctuations are due to quantum fluctuations as well as the random positions of the atoms. In this perturbative expansion we show how the quantum fluctuations are mapped between atoms and light while the random positioning of the atoms give rise to decay due to spontaneous emission. Furthermore we identify limits, where the full three dimensional theory reduce to the one dimensional theory typically used to describe the interaction.
quant-ph
we present a full quantum mechanical three dimensional theory describing an electromagnetic field interacting with an ensemble of identical atoms the theory is constructed such that it describes recent experiments on lightmatter quantum interfaces where the quantum fluctuations of light are mapped onto the atoms and back onto light we show that the interaction of the light with the atoms may be separated into a mean effect of the ensemble and a deviation from the mean the mean effect of the interaction effectively give rise to an index of refraction of the gas we formally change to a dressed state picture where the light modes are solutions to the diffraction problem and develop a perturbative expansion in the fluctuations the fluctuations are due to quantum fluctuations as well as the random positions of the atoms in this perturbative expansion we show how the quantum fluctuations are mapped between atoms and light while the random positioning of the atoms give rise to decay due to spontaneous emission furthermore we identify limits where the full three dimensional theory reduce to the one dimensional theory typically used to describe the interaction
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711.0264
Reversible Quantum Interface for Tunable Single-sideband Modulation
Using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in a Cesium vapor, we demonstrate experimentally that the quantum state of a light beam can be mapped into the long lived Zeeman coherences of an atomic ground state. Two non-commuting variables carried by light are simultaneously stored and subsequentely read-out, with no noise added. We compare the case where a tunable single sideband is stored independently of the other one to the case where the two symmetrical sidebands are stored using the same EIT transparency window.
quant-ph
using electromagnetically induced transparency eit in a cesium vapor we demonstrate experimentally that the quantum state of a light beam can be mapped into the long lived zeeman coherences of an atomic ground state two noncommuting variables carried by light are simultaneously stored and subsequentely readout with no noise added we compare the case where a tunable single sideband is stored independently of the other one to the case where the two symmetrical sidebands are stored using the same eit transparency window
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711.0265
Transfer and teleportation of quantum states encoded in decoherence-free subspace
Quantum state transfer and teleportation, with qubits encoded in internal states of the atoms in cavities, among spatially separated nodes of a quantum network in decoherence-free subspace are proposed, based on a cavity-assisted interaction by single-photon pulses. We show in details the implementation of a logic-qubit Hadamard gate and a two-logic-qubit conditional gate, and discuss the experimental feasibility of our scheme.
quant-ph
quantum state transfer and teleportation with qubits encoded in internal states of the atoms in cavities among spatially separated nodes of a quantum network in decoherencefree subspace are proposed based on a cavityassisted interaction by singlephoton pulses we show in details the implementation of a logicqubit hadamard gate and a twologicqubit conditional gate and discuss the experimental feasibility of our scheme
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711.0266
Mid-infrared spectroscopy of high-redshift obscured quasars
We present mid-infrared observations of 18 sources from a sample of 21 z~2 radio-intermediate obscured quasars. The mid-infrared spectra of the sources are continuum dominated, and 12 sources show deep silicate absorption with tau_9.7~1-2. Combining mid-infrared and optical spectra, we achieve 86% spectroscopic completeness which allows us to confirm that most (63 +14 -22 %) z~2 radio-intermediate quasars are obscured. The new spectra also prove that many high-redshift type-2 quasars do not show any rest-frame ultraviolet emission lines. From the 18 individual mid-infrared spectra, we classify most of the sources into three subsamples: those with hints of the 7.7 and 6.2 micron polyaromatic hydrocarbons (3/18 sources show PAHs, subsample A), those with an excess of emission around 8 micron but no hint of the 6.2 micron PAH (7/18 cases, subsample B) and pure-continuum sources with no visible excess (4/18 sources, subsample C). The remaining 4/18 sources have spectra that are featureless or too noisy for any features to be visible. In subsample A, averaging the spectra leads to a statistical detection of both 6.2 and 7.7 micron PAHs over the continuum, with the strength of the 7.7 micron PAH comparable to that of submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs) at similar redshifts. These sources are in a phase of coeval growth of a supermassive black hole and a host galaxy.
astro-ph
we present midinfrared observations of 18 sources from a sample of 21 z2 radiointermediate obscured quasars the midinfrared spectra of the sources are continuum dominated and 12 sources show deep silicate absorption with tau_9712 combining midinfrared and optical spectra we achieve 86 spectroscopic completeness which allows us to confirm that most 63 14 22 z2 radiointermediate quasars are obscured the new spectra also prove that many highredshift type2 quasars do not show any restframe ultraviolet emission lines from the 18 individual midinfrared spectra we classify most of the sources into three subsamples those with hints of the 77 and 62 micron polyaromatic hydrocarbons 318 sources show pahs subsample a those with an excess of emission around 8 micron but no hint of the 62 micron pah 718 cases subsample b and purecontinuum sources with no visible excess 418 sources subsample c the remaining 418 sources have spectra that are featureless or too noisy for any features to be visible in subsample a averaging the spectra leads to a statistical detection of both 62 and 77 micron pahs over the continuum with the strength of the 77 micron pah comparable to that of submillimetreselected galaxies smgs at similar redshifts these sources are in a phase of coeval growth of a supermassive black hole and a host galaxy
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711.0267
Internetwork magnetic field distribution from simultaneous 1.56 micron and 630 nm observations
We study the contradictory magnetic field strength distributions retrieved from independent analyses of spectropolarimetric observations in the near-infrared (1.56 micron) and in the visible (630 nm) at internetwork regions. In order to solve this apparent controversy, we present simultaneous and co-spatial 1.56 micron and 630 nm observations of an internetwork area. The properties of the circular and linear polarization signals, as well as the Stokes V area and amplitude asymmetries, are discussed. As a complement, inversion techniques are also used to infer the physical parameters of the solar atmosphere. As a first step, the infrared and visible observations are analysed separately to check their compatibility. Finally, the simultaneous inversion of the two data sets is performed. The magnetic flux densities retrieved from the individual analysis of the infrared and visible data sets are strongly correlated. The polarity of the Stokes V profiles is the same at co-spatial pixels in both wavelength ranges. This indicates that both 1.56 micron and 630 nm observations trace the same magnetic structures on the solar surface. The simultaneous inversion of the two pairs of lines reveals an internetwork full of sub-kG structures that fill only 2 % of the resolution element. A correlation is found between the magnetic field strength and the continuum intensity: equipartition fields (B ~500 G) tend to be located in dark intergranular lanes, whereas weaker field structures are found inside granules. The most probable unsigned magnetic flux density is 10 Mx/cm2. The net magnetic flux density in the whole field of view is nearly zero. This means that both polarities cancel out almost exactly in our observed internetwork area.
astro-ph
we study the contradictory magnetic field strength distributions retrieved from independent analyses of spectropolarimetric observations in the nearinfrared 156 micron and in the visible 630 nm at internetwork regions in order to solve this apparent controversy we present simultaneous and cospatial 156 micron and 630 nm observations of an internetwork area the properties of the circular and linear polarization signals as well as the stokes v area and amplitude asymmetries are discussed as a complement inversion techniques are also used to infer the physical parameters of the solar atmosphere as a first step the infrared and visible observations are analysed separately to check their compatibility finally the simultaneous inversion of the two data sets is performed the magnetic flux densities retrieved from the individual analysis of the infrared and visible data sets are strongly correlated the polarity of the stokes v profiles is the same at cospatial pixels in both wavelength ranges this indicates that both 156 micron and 630 nm observations trace the same magnetic structures on the solar surface the simultaneous inversion of the two pairs of lines reveals an internetwork full of subkg structures that fill only 2 of the resolution element a correlation is found between the magnetic field strength and the continuum intensity equipartition fields b 500 g tend to be located in dark intergranular lanes whereas weaker field structures are found inside granules the most probable unsigned magnetic flux density is 10 mxcm2 the net magnetic flux density in the whole field of view is nearly zero this means that both polarities cancel out almost exactly in our observed internetwork area
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711.0268
Phase space gaps and ergodicity breaking in systems with long range interactions
We study a generalized isotropic XY-model which includes both two-spin and four-spin mean-field interactions. This model can be solved in the microcanonical ensemble. It is shown that in certain parameter regions the model exhibits gaps in the magnetization at fixed energy, resulting in ergodicity breaking. This phenomenon has previously been reported in anisotropic and discrete spin models. The entropy of the model is calculated and the microcanonical phase diagram is derived, showing the existence of first order phase transitions from the ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic disordered phase. It is found that ergodicity breaking takes place both in the ferromagnetic and the paramagnetic phases. As a consequence, the system can exhibit a stable ferromagnetic phase within the paramagnetic region, and conversely a disordered phase within the magnetically ordered region.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we study a generalized isotropic xymodel which includes both twospin and fourspin meanfield interactions this model can be solved in the microcanonical ensemble it is shown that in certain parameter regions the model exhibits gaps in the magnetization at fixed energy resulting in ergodicity breaking this phenomenon has previously been reported in anisotropic and discrete spin models the entropy of the model is calculated and the microcanonical phase diagram is derived showing the existence of first order phase transitions from the ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic disordered phase it is found that ergodicity breaking takes place both in the ferromagnetic and the paramagnetic phases as a consequence the system can exhibit a stable ferromagnetic phase within the paramagnetic region and conversely a disordered phase within the magnetically ordered region
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711.0269
Lineage-through-time plots of birth-death processes
We calculate the density and expectation for the number of lineages in a reconstructed tree with $n$ extant species. This is done with conditioning on the age of the tree as well as with assuming a uniform prior for the age of the tree.
math.PR
we calculate the density and expectation for the number of lineages in a reconstructed tree with n extant species this is done with conditioning on the age of the tree as well as with assuming a uniform prior for the age of the tree
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711.027
Two-point correlation properties of stochastic "cloud processes''
We study how the two-point density correlation properties of a point particle distribution are modified when each particle is divided, by a stochastic process, into an equal number of identical "daughter" particles. We consider generically that there may be non-trivial correlations in the displacement fields describing the positions of the different daughters of the same "mother" particle, and then treat separately the cases in which there are, or are not, correlations also between the displacements of daughters belonging to different mothers. For both cases exact formulae are derived relating the structure factor (power spectrum) of the daughter distribution to that of the mother. These results can be considered as a generalization of the analogous equations obtained in ref. [1] (cond-mat/0409594) for the case of stochastic displacement fields applied to particle distributions. An application of the present results is that they give explicit algorithms for generating, starting from regular lattice arrays, stochastic particle distributions with an arbitrarily high degree of large-scale uniformity.
cond-mat.stat-mech astro-ph cond-mat.mtrl-sci math-ph math.MP
we study how the twopoint density correlation properties of a point particle distribution are modified when each particle is divided by a stochastic process into an equal number of identical daughter particles we consider generically that there may be nontrivial correlations in the displacement fields describing the positions of the different daughters of the same mother particle and then treat separately the cases in which there are or are not correlations also between the displacements of daughters belonging to different mothers for both cases exact formulae are derived relating the structure factor power spectrum of the daughter distribution to that of the mother these results can be considered as a generalization of the analogous equations obtained in ref 1 condmat0409594 for the case of stochastic displacement fields applied to particle distributions an application of the present results is that they give explicit algorithms for generating starting from regular lattice arrays stochastic particle distributions with an arbitrarily high degree of largescale uniformity
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711.0271
Radiative penguin Bs decays at Belle
We report searches for the radiative penguin decays Bs to phi gamma and Bs to gamma gamma based on a 23.6 fb-1 data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- energy-asymmetric collider operating at the Upsilon(5S) resonance.
hep-ex
we report searches for the radiative penguin decays bs to phi gamma and bs to gamma gamma based on a 236 fb1 data sample collected with the belle detector at the kekb ee energyasymmetric collider operating at the upsilon5s resonance
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711.0272
Magnetic Vortex Line Configuration of Faddeev-Niemi Knot
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the inaccurate result.
hep-th
this paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the inaccurate result
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711.0273
The Emergence of Spacetime, or, Quantum Gravity on Your Desktop
Is there an approach to quantum gravity which is conceptually simple, relies on very few fundamental physical principles and ingredients, emphasizes geometric (as opposed to algebraic) properties, comes with a definite numerical approximation scheme, and produces robust results, which go beyond showing mere internal consistency of the formalism? The answer is a resounding yes: it is the attempt to construct a nonperturbative theory of quantum gravity, valid on all scales, with the technique of so-called Causal Dynamical Triangulations. Despite its conceptual simplicity, the results obtained up to now are far from trivial. Most remarkable at this stage is perhaps the fully dynamical emergence of a classical background (and solution to the Einstein equations) from a nonperturbative sum over geometries, without putting in any preferred geometric background at the outset. In addition, there is concrete evidence for the presence of a fractal spacetime foam on Planckian distance scales. The availability of a computational framework provides built-in reality checks of the approach, whose importance can hardly be overestimated.
gr-qc hep-th
is there an approach to quantum gravity which is conceptually simple relies on very few fundamental physical principles and ingredients emphasizes geometric as opposed to algebraic properties comes with a definite numerical approximation scheme and produces robust results which go beyond showing mere internal consistency of the formalism the answer is a resounding yes it is the attempt to construct a nonperturbative theory of quantum gravity valid on all scales with the technique of socalled causal dynamical triangulations despite its conceptual simplicity the results obtained up to now are far from trivial most remarkable at this stage is perhaps the fully dynamical emergence of a classical background and solution to the einstein equations from a nonperturbative sum over geometries without putting in any preferred geometric background at the outset in addition there is concrete evidence for the presence of a fractal spacetime foam on planckian distance scales the availability of a computational framework provides builtin reality checks of the approach whose importance can hardly be overestimated
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711.0274
The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) -- VI. 350 micron mapping of submillimetre galaxies
A follow-up survey using the Submillimetre High-Angular Resolution Camera (SHARC-II) at 350 microns has been carried out to map the regions around several 850 micron-selected sources from the Submillimetre HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES). These observations probe the infrared luminosities and hence star-formation rates in the largest existing, most robust sample of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs). We measure 350 micron flux densities for 24 850 micron sources, seven of which are detected at >2.5-sigma within a 10 arcsec search radius of the 850 micron positions. When results from the literature are included the total number of 350 micron flux density constraints of SHADES SMGs is 31, with 15 detections. We fit a modified blackbody to the far-infrared (FIR) photometry of each SMG, and confirm that typical SMGs are dust-rich (Mdust~9x10^8 Msun), luminous (Lfir~2x10^12 Lsun), star-forming galaxies with intrinsic dust temperatures of ~35 K and star-formation rates of ~400 Msun/yr. We have measured the temperature distribution of SMGs and find that the underlying distribution is slightly broader than implied by the error bars, and that most SMGs are at 28 K with a few hotter. We also place new constraints on the 350 micron source counts, N350(>25mJy)~200-500 deg^-2.
astro-ph
a followup survey using the submillimetre highangular resolution camera sharcii at 350 microns has been carried out to map the regions around several 850 micronselected sources from the submillimetre half degree extragalactic survey shades these observations probe the infrared luminosities and hence starformation rates in the largest existing most robust sample of submillimetre galaxies smgs we measure 350 micron flux densities for 24 850 micron sources seven of which are detected at 25sigma within a 10 arcsec search radius of the 850 micron positions when results from the literature are included the total number of 350 micron flux density constraints of shades smgs is 31 with 15 detections we fit a modified blackbody to the farinfrared fir photometry of each smg and confirm that typical smgs are dustrich mdust9x108 msun luminous lfir2x1012 lsun starforming galaxies with intrinsic dust temperatures of 35 k and starformation rates of 400 msunyr we have measured the temperature distribution of smgs and find that the underlying distribution is slightly broader than implied by the error bars and that most smgs are at 28 k with a few hotter we also place new constraints on the 350 micron source counts n35025mjy200500 deg2
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711.0275
Global existence for energy critical waves in 3-d domains : Neumann boundary conditions
We prove that the defocusing quintic wave equation, with Neumann boundary conditions, is globally wellposed on $H^1_N(\Omega) \times L^2(\Omega)$ for any smooth (compact) domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^3$. The proof relies on one hand on $L^p$ estimates for the spectral projector by Smith and Sogge, and on the other hand on a precise analysis of the boundary value problem, which turns out to be much more delicate than in the case of Dirichlet boundary conditions.
math.AP
we prove that the defocusing quintic wave equation with neumann boundary conditions is globally wellposed on h1_nomega times l2omega for any smooth compact domain omega subset mathbbr3 the proof relies on one hand on lp estimates for the spectral projector by smith and sogge and on the other hand on a precise analysis of the boundary value problem which turns out to be much more delicate than in the case of dirichlet boundary conditions
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711.0276
The effect of different opacity data and chemical element mixture on the Petersen diagram
The Petersen diagram is a frequently used tool to constrain model parameters such as metallicity of radial double-mode pulsators. In this diagram the period ratio of the radial first overtone to the fundamental mode, P_1/P_0, is plotted against the period of the fundamental mode. The period ratio is sensitive to the chemical composition as well as to the rotational velocity of a star. In the present study we compute stellar pulsation models to demonstrate the sensitivity of the radial period ratio to the opacity data (OPAL and OP tables) and we also examine the effect of different relative abundances of heavy elements. We conclude that the comparison with observed period ratios could be used successfully to test the opacity data.
astro-ph
the petersen diagram is a frequently used tool to constrain model parameters such as metallicity of radial doublemode pulsators in this diagram the period ratio of the radial first overtone to the fundamental mode p_1p_0 is plotted against the period of the fundamental mode the period ratio is sensitive to the chemical composition as well as to the rotational velocity of a star in the present study we compute stellar pulsation models to demonstrate the sensitivity of the radial period ratio to the opacity data opal and op tables and we also examine the effect of different relative abundances of heavy elements we conclude that the comparison with observed period ratios could be used successfully to test the opacity data
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711.0277
Bandwidth Partitioning in Decentralized Wireless Networks
This paper addresses the following question, which is of interest in the design of a multiuser decentralized network. Given a total system bandwidth of W Hz and a fixed data rate constraint of R bps for each transmission, how many frequency slots N of size W/N should the band be partitioned into in order to maximize the number of simultaneous links in the network? Dividing the available spectrum results in two competing effects. On the positive side, a larger N allows for more parallel, noninterfering communications to take place in the same area. On the negative side, a larger N increases the SINR requirement for each link because the same information rate must be achieved over less bandwidth. Exploring this tradeoff and determining the optimum value of N in terms of the system parameters is the focus of the paper. Using stochastic geometry, the optimal SINR threshold - which directly corresponds to the optimal spectral efficiency - is derived for both the low SNR (power-limited) and high SNR (interference-limited) regimes. This leads to the optimum choice of the number of frequency bands N in terms of the path loss exponent, power and noise spectral density, desired rate, and total bandwidth.
cs.IT math.IT
this paper addresses the following question which is of interest in the design of a multiuser decentralized network given a total system bandwidth of w hz and a fixed data rate constraint of r bps for each transmission how many frequency slots n of size wn should the band be partitioned into in order to maximize the number of simultaneous links in the network dividing the available spectrum results in two competing effects on the positive side a larger n allows for more parallel noninterfering communications to take place in the same area on the negative side a larger n increases the sinr requirement for each link because the same information rate must be achieved over less bandwidth exploring this tradeoff and determining the optimum value of n in terms of the system parameters is the focus of the paper using stochastic geometry the optimal sinr threshold which directly corresponds to the optimal spectral efficiency is derived for both the low snr powerlimited and high snr interferencelimited regimes this leads to the optimum choice of the number of frequency bands n in terms of the path loss exponent power and noise spectral density desired rate and total bandwidth
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711.0278
The thermal Casimir effect for rough metallic plates
We propose a new theory of thermal Casimir effect, holding for the experimentally important case of metallic surfaces with a roughness having a spatial scale smaller than the skin depth. The theory is based on a simple phenomenological model for a rough conductor, that explicitly takes account of the fact that ohmic conduction in the immediate vicinity of the surface of a conductor is much impeded by surface roughness, if the amplitude of roughness is smaller than the skin depth. As a result of the new model, we find that surface roughness strongly influences the magnitude of the thermal correction to the Casimir force, independently of the plates separation. Our model, while consistent with recent accurate measurements of the Casimir force in the submicron range, leads to a new prediction for the not yet observed thermal correction to the Casimir force at large plates separation. Besides the thermal Casimir problem, our model is relevant for the correct theoretical interpretation of current experiments probing other proximity effects between conductors, like radiative heat transfer and quantum friction.
quant-ph
we propose a new theory of thermal casimir effect holding for the experimentally important case of metallic surfaces with a roughness having a spatial scale smaller than the skin depth the theory is based on a simple phenomenological model for a rough conductor that explicitly takes account of the fact that ohmic conduction in the immediate vicinity of the surface of a conductor is much impeded by surface roughness if the amplitude of roughness is smaller than the skin depth as a result of the new model we find that surface roughness strongly influences the magnitude of the thermal correction to the casimir force independently of the plates separation our model while consistent with recent accurate measurements of the casimir force in the submicron range leads to a new prediction for the not yet observed thermal correction to the casimir force at large plates separation besides the thermal casimir problem our model is relevant for the correct theoretical interpretation of current experiments probing other proximity effects between conductors like radiative heat transfer and quantum friction
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711.0279
Stochastic behaviour in the edge region of the SINP tokamak
Stochasticity is one of the most extensively researched topics in laboratory and space plasmas since it has been successful in explaining the various anomalous processes like transport, particle heating, particle loss etc. Since there is a growing need for better understanding of this nonlinear process, it has led to the development of new and more advanced data analysis techniques. In this paper we present an analysis of the floating potential fluctuations which show the existence of a stochastic multifractal process along with low dimensional chaos. This has been shown primarily by wavelet analysis, and cross checked using other nonlinear techniques.
physics.plasm-ph physics.data-an
stochasticity is one of the most extensively researched topics in laboratory and space plasmas since it has been successful in explaining the various anomalous processes like transport particle heating particle loss etc since there is a growing need for better understanding of this nonlinear process it has led to the development of new and more advanced data analysis techniques in this paper we present an analysis of the floating potential fluctuations which show the existence of a stochastic multifractal process along with low dimensional chaos this has been shown primarily by wavelet analysis and cross checked using other nonlinear techniques
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711.028
Magnetism without magnetic impurities in oxides ZrO2 and TiO2
We perform a theoretical study of the magnetism induced in transition metal dioxides ZrO2 and TiO2 by substitution of the cation by a vacancy or an impurity from the groups 1A or 2A of the periodic table, where the impurity is either K or Ca. In the present study both supercell and embedded cluster methods are used. It is demonstrated that the vacancy and the K-impurity leads to a robust induced magnetic moment on the surrounding O-atoms for both the cubic ZrO2 and rutile TiO2 host crystals. On the other hand it is shown that Ca-impurity leads to a non magnetic state. The native O-vacancy does not induce a magnetic moment in the host dioxide crystal.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
we perform a theoretical study of the magnetism induced in transition metal dioxides zro2 and tio2 by substitution of the cation by a vacancy or an impurity from the groups 1a or 2a of the periodic table where the impurity is either k or ca in the present study both supercell and embedded cluster methods are used it is demonstrated that the vacancy and the kimpurity leads to a robust induced magnetic moment on the surrounding oatoms for both the cubic zro2 and rutile tio2 host crystals on the other hand it is shown that caimpurity leads to a non magnetic state the native ovacancy does not induce a magnetic moment in the host dioxide crystal
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711.0281
Three-component modeling of C-rich AGB star winds IV. Revised interpretation with improved numerical descriptions
Models describing dust-driven winds are important for understanding the physical mechanism and properties of mass loss on the asymptotic giant branch. These models are becoming increasingly realistic with more detailed physics included, but also more computationally demanding. The purpose of this study is to clarify to what extent the applied numerical approach affects resulting physical structures of modelled winds, and to discuss resulting changes. Following the previously developed radiation hydrodynamic model - which includes descriptions for time-dependent dust formation and gas-dust drift - and using its physical assumptions and parameters, numerical improvements are introduced. Impacts of the so-called adaptive grid equation and advection schemes are assessed from models calculated with different numerical setups. Results show that wind models are strongly influenced by numerical imprecision, displaying differences in calculated physical properties of up to one hundred per cent. Using a non-adaptive grid, models become periodic (in multiples of stellar pulsation periods), instead of irregular, as obtained previously. Furthermore, the numerical improvements reveal changes in physical structures. The influence of gas-dust drift is confirmed to be highly important, in particular for the dust component. Gas and dust are less tightly coupled than previously, and drastically larger amounts of dust form assuming drift.
astro-ph
models describing dustdriven winds are important for understanding the physical mechanism and properties of mass loss on the asymptotic giant branch these models are becoming increasingly realistic with more detailed physics included but also more computationally demanding the purpose of this study is to clarify to what extent the applied numerical approach affects resulting physical structures of modelled winds and to discuss resulting changes following the previously developed radiation hydrodynamic model which includes descriptions for timedependent dust formation and gasdust drift and using its physical assumptions and parameters numerical improvements are introduced impacts of the socalled adaptive grid equation and advection schemes are assessed from models calculated with different numerical setups results show that wind models are strongly influenced by numerical imprecision displaying differences in calculated physical properties of up to one hundred per cent using a nonadaptive grid models become periodic in multiples of stellar pulsation periods instead of irregular as obtained previously furthermore the numerical improvements reveal changes in physical structures the influence of gasdust drift is confirmed to be highly important in particular for the dust component gas and dust are less tightly coupled than previously and drastically larger amounts of dust form assuming drift
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711.0282
Development of a Vacuum Ultra-Violet Laser-Based Angle-Resolved Photoemission System with a Super-High Energy Resolution Better Than 1 meV
The design and performance of the first vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) laser-based angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) system are described. The VUV laser with a photon energy of 6.994 eV and bandwidth of 0.26 meV is achieved from the second harmonic generation using a novel non-linear optical crystal KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF). The new VUV laser-based ARPES system exhibits superior performance, including super-high energy resolution better than 1 meV, high momentum resolution, super-high photon flux and much enhanced bulk sensitivity, which are demonstrated from measurements on a typical Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 high temperature superconductor. Issues and further development related to the VUV laser-based photoemission technique are discussed.
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el
the design and performance of the first vacuum ultraviolet vuv laserbased angleresolved photoemission arpes system are described the vuv laser with a photon energy of 6994 ev and bandwidth of 026 mev is achieved from the second harmonic generation using a novel nonlinear optical crystal kbe2bo3f2 kbbf the new vuv laserbased arpes system exhibits superior performance including superhigh energy resolution better than 1 mev high momentum resolution superhigh photon flux and much enhanced bulk sensitivity which are demonstrated from measurements on a typical bi2sr2cacu2o8 high temperature superconductor issues and further development related to the vuv laserbased photoemission technique are discussed
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711.0283
Contraction-induced cluster formation in cardiac cell culture
Evolution of the spatial arrangement of cells in a primary culture of cardiac tissue derived from newborn rats was studied experimentally over extended period. It was found that cells attract each other spontaneously to form a clustered structure over the timescale of several days. These clusters exhibit spontaneous rhythmic contraction and have been confirmed to consist of cardiac muscle cells. Addition of a contraction inhibitor (2,3-butanedione-2-monoxime) to the culture medium resulted in the inhibition of both the spontaneous contractions exhibited by the cells as well as the formation of clusters. Furthermore, the formation of clusters is suppressed when high concentrations of collagen are used for coating the substratum to which the cells adhere. From these experimental observations, it was deduced that the cells are mechanically stressed by the tension associated with repeated contractions and that this results in the cells becoming compact and attracting each other, finally resulting in the formation of clusters. This process can be interpreted as modulation of a cellular network by the activity associated with contraction, which could be employed to control cellular networks by modifying the dynamics associated with the contractions in cardiac tissue culture.
q-bio.CB nlin.PS
evolution of the spatial arrangement of cells in a primary culture of cardiac tissue derived from newborn rats was studied experimentally over extended period it was found that cells attract each other spontaneously to form a clustered structure over the timescale of several days these clusters exhibit spontaneous rhythmic contraction and have been confirmed to consist of cardiac muscle cells addition of a contraction inhibitor 23butanedione2monoxime to the culture medium resulted in the inhibition of both the spontaneous contractions exhibited by the cells as well as the formation of clusters furthermore the formation of clusters is suppressed when high concentrations of collagen are used for coating the substratum to which the cells adhere from these experimental observations it was deduced that the cells are mechanically stressed by the tension associated with repeated contractions and that this results in the cells becoming compact and attracting each other finally resulting in the formation of clusters this process can be interpreted as modulation of a cellular network by the activity associated with contraction which could be employed to control cellular networks by modifying the dynamics associated with the contractions in cardiac tissue culture
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711.0284
Linear non-autonomous Cauchy problems and evolution semigroups
The paper is devoted to the problem of existence of propagators for an abstract linear non-autonomous evolution Cauchy problem of hyperbolic type in separable Banach spaces. The problem is solved using the so-called evolution semigroup approach which reduces the existence problem for propagators to a perturbation problem of semigroup generators. The results are specified to abstract linear non-autonomous evolution equations in Hilbert spaces where the assumption is made that the domains of the quadratic forms associated with the generators are independent of time. Finally, these results are applied to time-dependent Schr\"odinger operators with moving point interactions in 1D.
math-ph math.MP
the paper is devoted to the problem of existence of propagators for an abstract linear nonautonomous evolution cauchy problem of hyperbolic type in separable banach spaces the problem is solved using the socalled evolution semigroup approach which reduces the existence problem for propagators to a perturbation problem of semigroup generators the results are specified to abstract linear nonautonomous evolution equations in hilbert spaces where the assumption is made that the domains of the quadratic forms associated with the generators are independent of time finally these results are applied to timedependent schrodinger operators with moving point interactions in 1d
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711.0285
Does relationalism alone control geometrodynamics with sources?
This paper concerns relational first principles from which the Dirac procedure exhaustively picks out the geometrodynamics corresponding to general relativity as one of a handful of consistent theories. This was accompanied by a number of results and conjectures about matter theories and general features of physics -- such as gauge theory, the universal light cone principle of special relativity and the equivalence principle -- being likewise picked out. I have previously shown that many of these matter results and conjectures are contingent on further unrelational simplicity assumptions. In this paper, I point out 1) that the exhaustive procedure in these cases with matter fields is slower than it was previously held to be. 2) While the example of equivalence principle violating matter theory that I previously showed how to accommodate on relational premises has a number of pathological features, in this paper I point out that there is another closely related equivalence principle violating theory that also follows from those premises and is less pathological. This example being known as an `Einstein--aether theory', it also serves for 3) illustrating limitations on the conjectured emergence of the universal light cone special relativity principle.
gr-qc
this paper concerns relational first principles from which the dirac procedure exhaustively picks out the geometrodynamics corresponding to general relativity as one of a handful of consistent theories this was accompanied by a number of results and conjectures about matter theories and general features of physics such as gauge theory the universal light cone principle of special relativity and the equivalence principle being likewise picked out i have previously shown that many of these matter results and conjectures are contingent on further unrelational simplicity assumptions in this paper i point out 1 that the exhaustive procedure in these cases with matter fields is slower than it was previously held to be 2 while the example of equivalence principle violating matter theory that i previously showed how to accommodate on relational premises has a number of pathological features in this paper i point out that there is another closely related equivalence principle violating theory that also follows from those premises and is less pathological this example being known as an einsteinaether theory it also serves for 3 illustrating limitations on the conjectured emergence of the universal light cone special relativity principle
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711.0286
Lepton Flavor Violating tau decay by R-Parity Violation in a Family Symmetry
In this talk, we investigate Lepton Flavor Violating (LFV) tau decay by R-Parity Violating (RPV) operators controlled by a non-Abelian discrete $Q_6$ family symmetry. We assume that only a family symmetry determines the whole flavor structure of a model, and the model indicates specific predictions of LFV tau decay processes by RPV operators. We predict $BR(\tau \to 3e)/BR(\tau \to 3 \mu) \sim 4 m_{\mu}^2/m_{\tau}^2$ in a $Q_6$ family symmetric model.
hep-ph
in this talk we investigate lepton flavor violating lfv tau decay by rparity violating rpv operators controlled by a nonabelian discrete q_6 family symmetry we assume that only a family symmetry determines the whole flavor structure of a model and the model indicates specific predictions of lfv tau decay processes by rpv operators we predict brtau to 3ebrtau to 3 mu sim 4 m_mu2m_tau2 in a q_6 family symmetric model
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711.0287
\Pi^0_1 classes, strong minimal covers and hyperimmune-free degrees
We investigate issues surrounding an old question of Yates' as to the existence of a minimal Turing degree with no strong minimal cover, specifically with respect to the hyperimmune-free degrees.
math.LO
we investigate issues surrounding an old question of yates as to the existence of a minimal turing degree with no strong minimal cover specifically with respect to the hyperimmunefree degrees
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711.0288
New interpretation of variational principles for gauge theories. I. Cyclic coordinate alternative to ADM split
I show how there is an ambiguity in how one treats auxiliary variables in gauge theories including general relativity cast as 3 + 1 geometrodynamics. Auxiliary variables may be treated pre-variationally as multiplier coordinates or as the velocities corresponding to cyclic coordinates. The latter treatment works through the physical meaninglessness of auxiliary variables' values applying also to the end points (or end spatial hypersurfaces) of the variation, so that these are free rather than fixed. [This is also known as variation with natural boundary conditions.] Further principles of dynamics workings such as Routhian reduction and the Dirac procedure are shown to have parallel counterparts for this new formalism. One advantage of the new scheme is that the corresponding actions are more manifestly relational. While the electric potential is usually regarded as a multiplier coordinate and Arnowitt, Deser and Misner have regarded the lapse and shift likewise, this paper's scheme considers new {\it flux}, {\it instant} and {\it grid} variables whose corresponding velocities are, respectively, the abovementioned previously used variables. This paper's way of thinking about gauge theory furthermore admits interesting generalizations, which shall be provided in a second paper.
gr-qc
i show how there is an ambiguity in how one treats auxiliary variables in gauge theories including general relativity cast as 3 1 geometrodynamics auxiliary variables may be treated prevariationally as multiplier coordinates or as the velocities corresponding to cyclic coordinates the latter treatment works through the physical meaninglessness of auxiliary variables values applying also to the end points or end spatial hypersurfaces of the variation so that these are free rather than fixed this is also known as variation with natural boundary conditions further principles of dynamics workings such as routhian reduction and the dirac procedure are shown to have parallel counterparts for this new formalism one advantage of the new scheme is that the corresponding actions are more manifestly relational while the electric potential is usually regarded as a multiplier coordinate and arnowitt deser and misner have regarded the lapse and shift likewise this papers scheme considers new it flux it instant and it grid variables whose corresponding velocities are respectively the abovementioned previously used variables this papers way of thinking about gauge theory furthermore admits interesting generalizations which shall be provided in a second paper
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711.0289
Entanglement evolution after connecting finite to infinite quantum chains
We study zero-temperature XX chains and transverse Ising chains and join an initially separate finite piece on one or on both sides to an infinite remainder. In both critical and non-critical systems we find a typical increase of the entanglement entropy after the quench, followed by a slow decay towards the value of the homogeneous chain. In the critical case, the predictions of conformal field theory are verified for the first phase of the evolution, while at late times a step structure can be observed.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we study zerotemperature xx chains and transverse ising chains and join an initially separate finite piece on one or on both sides to an infinite remainder in both critical and noncritical systems we find a typical increase of the entanglement entropy after the quench followed by a slow decay towards the value of the homogeneous chain in the critical case the predictions of conformal field theory are verified for the first phase of the evolution while at late times a step structure can be observed
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711.029
Absorption and emission of polariton modes in a ZnSe-ZnSSe heterostructure
We investigate the absorption and emission of a 25 nm ZnSe layer, which was grown on a GaAs buffer and cladded by ZnSSe layers. Due to the coupling of light with the exciton resonances, polariton modes propagate through the ZnSe layer. Their interferences appear as additional peaks in the reflection spectra and can be explained by the effect of spatial dispersion. We present additional experimental results for the emission of the sample after excitation by a pump pulse, showing corresponding interference peaks of the polariton modes, whose maxima strongly decrease to higher energies. Our exact theoretical analysis shows that the ratio of emission and absorption is given by the population of the globally defined states of the electromagnetic field, i.e. the polariton distribution which is generated by the pump pulse. This distribution, being far from thermal quasiequilibrium, shows pronounced peaks at the polariton modes depending on the energy of the pump pulse.
cond-mat.str-el
we investigate the absorption and emission of a 25 nm znse layer which was grown on a gaas buffer and cladded by znsse layers due to the coupling of light with the exciton resonances polariton modes propagate through the znse layer their interferences appear as additional peaks in the reflection spectra and can be explained by the effect of spatial dispersion we present additional experimental results for the emission of the sample after excitation by a pump pulse showing corresponding interference peaks of the polariton modes whose maxima strongly decrease to higher energies our exact theoretical analysis shows that the ratio of emission and absorption is given by the population of the globally defined states of the electromagnetic field ie the polariton distribution which is generated by the pump pulse this distribution being far from thermal quasiequilibrium shows pronounced peaks at the polariton modes depending on the energy of the pump pulse
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711.0291
Phase and alignment noise in grating interferometers
Diffraction gratings have been proposed as core optical elements in future laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. In this paper we derive equations for the coupling between alignment noise and phase noise at diffraction gratings. In comparison to a standard reflective component (mirror or beam splitter) the diffractive nature of the gratings causes an additional coupling of geometry changes into alignment and phase noise. Expressions for the change in angle and optical path length of each outgoing beam are provided as functions of a translation or rotation of the incoming beam with respect to the grating. The analysis is based entirely on the grating equation and the geometry of the setup. We further analyse exemplary optical setups which have been proposed for the use in future gravitational wave detectors. We find that the use of diffraction gratings yields a strong coupling of alignment noise into phase noise. By comparing the results with the specifications of current detectors we show that this additional noise coupling results in new, challenging requirements for the suspension and isolation systems for the optical components.
gr-qc
diffraction gratings have been proposed as core optical elements in future laserinterferometric gravitationalwave detectors in this paper we derive equations for the coupling between alignment noise and phase noise at diffraction gratings in comparison to a standard reflective component mirror or beam splitter the diffractive nature of the gratings causes an additional coupling of geometry changes into alignment and phase noise expressions for the change in angle and optical path length of each outgoing beam are provided as functions of a translation or rotation of the incoming beam with respect to the grating the analysis is based entirely on the grating equation and the geometry of the setup we further analyse exemplary optical setups which have been proposed for the use in future gravitational wave detectors we find that the use of diffraction gratings yields a strong coupling of alignment noise into phase noise by comparing the results with the specifications of current detectors we show that this additional noise coupling results in new challenging requirements for the suspension and isolation systems for the optical components
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711.0292
Attractive interaction of Indium with point defects and silicon in GeSi
In electron irradiated Ge$_{0.98}$Si$_{0.02}$, In-vacancy and In-interstitial complexes were observed in analogy with defects in pure Ge. Isochronal annealing measurements reveal that the temperature of dissociation of In-defect complexes deviate from pure Ge subjected to identical e-irradiation, which is explained on the basis of strain induced by undersized silicon atoms affecting the binding energy of In-V and In-I complexes. Besides the pairing with intrinsic defects the interaction of In with Si atoms is observed resulting in several different configurations. Complementary experiments performed in Ge$_{0.98}$Si$_{0.02}$ and Ge$_{0.94}$Si$_{0.06}$ elucidate the attractive interaction between In and Si.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
in electron irradiated ge_098si_002 invacancy and ininterstitial complexes were observed in analogy with defects in pure ge isochronal annealing measurements reveal that the temperature of dissociation of indefect complexes deviate from pure ge subjected to identical eirradiation which is explained on the basis of strain induced by undersized silicon atoms affecting the binding energy of inv and ini complexes besides the pairing with intrinsic defects the interaction of in with si atoms is observed resulting in several different configurations complementary experiments performed in ge_098si_002 and ge_094si_006 elucidate the attractive interaction between in and si
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711.0293
Quantum Brownian representation for the quantum field modes
When analyzing the particle-like excitations in quantum field theory it is natural to regard the field mode corresponding to the particle momentum as an open quantum system, together with the opposite momentum mode. Provided that the state of the field is stationary, homogeneous and isotropic, this scalar two-mode system can be equivalently represented in terms of a pair of quantum Brownian oscillators under a Gaussian approximation. In other words, the two-mode system behaves as if it were interacting linearly with some effective environment. In this paper we build the details of the effective linear coupling and the effective environment, and argue that this quantum Brownian representation provides a simple, universal and non-perturbative characterization of any single particle-like excitation. As immediate applications of the equivalence, we reanalyse the interpretation of the self-energy in terms of decay rates in a general background state, and present the master equation for the field mode corresponding to the particle momentum.
quant-ph hep-ph
when analyzing the particlelike excitations in quantum field theory it is natural to regard the field mode corresponding to the particle momentum as an open quantum system together with the opposite momentum mode provided that the state of the field is stationary homogeneous and isotropic this scalar twomode system can be equivalently represented in terms of a pair of quantum brownian oscillators under a gaussian approximation in other words the twomode system behaves as if it were interacting linearly with some effective environment in this paper we build the details of the effective linear coupling and the effective environment and argue that this quantum brownian representation provides a simple universal and nonperturbative characterization of any single particlelike excitation as immediate applications of the equivalence we reanalyse the interpretation of the selfenergy in terms of decay rates in a general background state and present the master equation for the field mode corresponding to the particle momentum
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711.0294
Maximum supercurrent in Josephson junctions with alternating critical current density
We consider theoretically and numerically magnetic field dependencies of the maximum supercurrent across Josephson tunnel junctions with spatially alternating critical current density. We find that two flux-penetration fields and one-splinter-vortex equilibrium state exist in long junctions.
cond-mat.supr-con
we consider theoretically and numerically magnetic field dependencies of the maximum supercurrent across josephson tunnel junctions with spatially alternating critical current density we find that two fluxpenetration fields and onesplintervortex equilibrium state exist in long junctions
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711.0295
Dynamical feedback of the curvature drift instability on its saturation process
We investigate the reconstruction of pulsar magnetospheres close to the light cylinder surface to study the curvature drift instability (CDI) responsible for the twisting of magnetic field lines in the mentioned zone. The influence of plasma dynamics on the saturation process of the CDI is studied. On the basis of the Euler, continuity, and induction equations, we derive the increment of the CDI and analyze parametrically excited drift modes. The dynamics of the reconstruction of the pulsar magnetosphere is studied analytically. We show that there is a possibility of a parametrically excited rotational-energy pumping-process in the drift modes. It is indicated by the generation of a toroidal component of the magnetic field that transforms the field lines into such a configuration, in which plasma particles do not experience any forces. At this stage, the instability process saturates and the further amplification of the toroidal component to the magnetic field lines is suspended.
astro-ph
we investigate the reconstruction of pulsar magnetospheres close to the light cylinder surface to study the curvature drift instability cdi responsible for the twisting of magnetic field lines in the mentioned zone the influence of plasma dynamics on the saturation process of the cdi is studied on the basis of the euler continuity and induction equations we derive the increment of the cdi and analyze parametrically excited drift modes the dynamics of the reconstruction of the pulsar magnetosphere is studied analytically we show that there is a possibility of a parametrically excited rotationalenergy pumpingprocess in the drift modes it is indicated by the generation of a toroidal component of the magnetic field that transforms the field lines into such a configuration in which plasma particles do not experience any forces at this stage the instability process saturates and the further amplification of the toroidal component to the magnetic field lines is suspended
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711.0296
Stacked Triangular XY Antiferromagnets: End of a Controversial Issue on the Phase Transition
We show in this paper by using the Wang-Landau flat-histogram Monte Carlo method that the phase transition in the XY stacked triangular antiferromagnet is clearly of first-order, confirming results from latest Monte Carlo simulation and from a nonperturbative renormalization group, putting an end to a long-standing controversial issue.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we show in this paper by using the wanglandau flathistogram monte carlo method that the phase transition in the xy stacked triangular antiferromagnet is clearly of firstorder confirming results from latest monte carlo simulation and from a nonperturbative renormalization group putting an end to a longstanding controversial issue
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711.0297
Optical Photometry and Spectroscopy of the Accretion-Powered Millisecond Pulsar HETE J1900.1-2455
We present phase resolved optical photometry and spectroscopy of the accreting millisecond pulsar HETE J1900.1-2455. Our R-band light curves exhibit a sinusoidal modulation, at close to the orbital period, which we initially attributed to X-ray heating of the irradiated face of the secondary star. However, further analysis reveals that the source of the modulation is more likely due to superhumps caused by a precessing accretion disc. Doppler tomography of a broad Halpha emission line reveals an emission ring, consistent with that expected from an accretion disc. Using the velocity of the emission ring as an estimate for the projected outer disc velocity, we constrain the maximum projected velocity of the secondary to be 200 km/s, placing a lower limit of 0.05 Msun on the secondary mass. For a 1.4 Msun primary, this implies that the orbital inclination is low, < 20 degrees. Utilizing the observed relationship between the secondary mass and orbital period in short period cataclysmic variables, we estimate the secondary mass to be ~0.085 Msun, which implies an upper limit of ~2.4 Msun for the primary mass.
astro-ph
we present phase resolved optical photometry and spectroscopy of the accreting millisecond pulsar hete j190012455 our rband light curves exhibit a sinusoidal modulation at close to the orbital period which we initially attributed to xray heating of the irradiated face of the secondary star however further analysis reveals that the source of the modulation is more likely due to superhumps caused by a precessing accretion disc doppler tomography of a broad halpha emission line reveals an emission ring consistent with that expected from an accretion disc using the velocity of the emission ring as an estimate for the projected outer disc velocity we constrain the maximum projected velocity of the secondary to be 200 kms placing a lower limit of 005 msun on the secondary mass for a 14 msun primary this implies that the orbital inclination is low 20 degrees utilizing the observed relationship between the secondary mass and orbital period in short period cataclysmic variables we estimate the secondary mass to be 0085 msun which implies an upper limit of 24 msun for the primary mass
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711.0298
Effects of Ferromagnetic Magnetic Ordering and Phase Transition on the Resistivity of Spin Current
It has been shown experimentally a long time ago that the magnetic ordering causes an anomalous behavior of the electron resistivity in ferromagnetic crystals. Phenomenological explanations based on the interaction between itinerant electron spins and lattice spins have been suggested to explain these observations. We show by extensive Monte Carlo simulation that this behavior is also observed for the resistivity of the spin current calculated as a function of temperature ($T$) from low-$T$ ordered phase to high-$T$ paramagnetic phase in a ferromagnet. We show in particular that across the critical region, the spin resistivity undergoes a huge peak. The origin of this peak is shown to stem from the formation of magnetic domains near the phase transition. The behavior of the resistivity obtained here is compared to experiments and theories. A good agreement is observed.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
it has been shown experimentally a long time ago that the magnetic ordering causes an anomalous behavior of the electron resistivity in ferromagnetic crystals phenomenological explanations based on the interaction between itinerant electron spins and lattice spins have been suggested to explain these observations we show by extensive monte carlo simulation that this behavior is also observed for the resistivity of the spin current calculated as a function of temperature t from lowt ordered phase to hight paramagnetic phase in a ferromagnet we show in particular that across the critical region the spin resistivity undergoes a huge peak the origin of this peak is shown to stem from the formation of magnetic domains near the phase transition the behavior of the resistivity obtained here is compared to experiments and theories a good agreement is observed
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711.0299
On proper and exterior sequentiality
In this article a sequential theory in the category of spaces and proper maps is described and developed. As a natural extension a sequential theory for exterior spaces and maps is obtained.
math.CT math.GN
in this article a sequential theory in the category of spaces and proper maps is described and developed as a natural extension a sequential theory for exterior spaces and maps is obtained
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711.03
A holographic model of hadronization
We study hadronization of the final state in a particle-antiparticle annihilation using a holographic gravity dual description of QCD. At the point of hadronization we match the events to a simple (Gaussian) energy distribution in the five dimensional theory. The final state multiplicities are then modelled by calculating the overlap between the Gaussian and a set of functions in the fifth dimension which represent each hadron. We compare our results to those measured in e+e- collisions at LEP and PEP-PETRA. Hadron production numbers, which differ in range by four orders of magnitude, are reproduced to well within a factor of two.
hep-ph
we study hadronization of the final state in a particleantiparticle annihilation using a holographic gravity dual description of qcd at the point of hadronization we match the events to a simple gaussian energy distribution in the five dimensional theory the final state multiplicities are then modelled by calculating the overlap between the gaussian and a set of functions in the fifth dimension which represent each hadron we compare our results to those measured in ee collisions at lep and peppetra hadron production numbers which differ in range by four orders of magnitude are reproduced to well within a factor of two
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711.0301
Throughput Optimal On-Line Algorithms for Advanced Resource Reservation in Ultra High-Speed Networks
Advanced channel reservation is emerging as an important feature of ultra high-speed networks requiring the transfer of large files. Applications include scientific data transfers and database backup. In this paper, we present two new, on-line algorithms for advanced reservation, called BatchAll and BatchLim, that are guaranteed to achieve optimal throughput performance, based on multi-commodity flow arguments. Both algorithms are shown to have polynomial-time complexity and provable bounds on the maximum delay for 1+epsilon bandwidth augmented networks. The BatchLim algorithm returns the completion time of a connection immediately as a request is placed, but at the expense of a slightly looser competitive ratio than that of BatchAll. We also present a simple approach that limits the number of parallel paths used by the algorithms while provably bounding the maximum reduction factor in the transmission throughput. We show that, although the number of different paths can be exponentially large, the actual number of paths needed to approximate the flow is quite small and proportional to the number of edges in the network. Simulations for a number of topologies show that, in practice, 3 to 5 parallel paths are sufficient to achieve close to optimal performance. The performance of the competitive algorithms are also compared to a greedy benchmark, both through analysis and simulation.
cs.NI
advanced channel reservation is emerging as an important feature of ultra highspeed networks requiring the transfer of large files applications include scientific data transfers and database backup in this paper we present two new online algorithms for advanced reservation called batchall and batchlim that are guaranteed to achieve optimal throughput performance based on multicommodity flow arguments both algorithms are shown to have polynomialtime complexity and provable bounds on the maximum delay for 1epsilon bandwidth augmented networks the batchlim algorithm returns the completion time of a connection immediately as a request is placed but at the expense of a slightly looser competitive ratio than that of batchall we also present a simple approach that limits the number of parallel paths used by the algorithms while provably bounding the maximum reduction factor in the transmission throughput we show that although the number of different paths can be exponentially large the actual number of paths needed to approximate the flow is quite small and proportional to the number of edges in the network simulations for a number of topologies show that in practice 3 to 5 parallel paths are sufficient to achieve close to optimal performance the performance of the competitive algorithms are also compared to a greedy benchmark both through analysis and simulation
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711.0302
Inspiralling compact binaries in quasi-elliptical orbits: The complete third post-Newtonian energy flux
The instantaneous contributions to the 3PN gravitational wave luminosity from the inspiral phase of a binary system of compact objects moving in a quasi elliptical orbit is computed using the multipolar post-Minkowskian wave generation formalism. The necessary inputs for this calculation include the 3PN accurate mass quadrupole moment for general orbits and the mass octupole and current quadrupole moments at 2PN. Using the recently obtained 3PN quasi-Keplerian representation of elliptical orbits the flux is averaged over the binary's orbit. Supplementing this by the important hereditary contributions arising from tails, tails-of-tails and tails squared terms calculated in a previous paper, the complete 3PN energy flux is obtained. The final result presented in this paper would be needed for the construction of ready-to-use templates for binaries moving on non-circular orbits, a plausible class of sources not only for the space based detectors like LISA but also for the ground based ones.
gr-qc
the instantaneous contributions to the 3pn gravitational wave luminosity from the inspiral phase of a binary system of compact objects moving in a quasi elliptical orbit is computed using the multipolar postminkowskian wave generation formalism the necessary inputs for this calculation include the 3pn accurate mass quadrupole moment for general orbits and the mass octupole and current quadrupole moments at 2pn using the recently obtained 3pn quasikeplerian representation of elliptical orbits the flux is averaged over the binarys orbit supplementing this by the important hereditary contributions arising from tails tailsoftails and tails squared terms calculated in a previous paper the complete 3pn energy flux is obtained the final result presented in this paper would be needed for the construction of readytouse templates for binaries moving on noncircular orbits a plausible class of sources not only for the space based detectors like lisa but also for the ground based ones
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711.0303
Negative refraction with tunable absorption in an active dense gas of atoms
Applications of negative index materials (NIM) presently are severely limited by absorption. Next to improvements of metamaterial designs, it has been suggested that dense gases of atoms could form a NIM with negligible losses. In such gases, the low absorption is facilitated by quantum interference. Here, we show that additional gain mechanisms can be used to tune and effectively remove absorption in a dense gas NIM. In our setup, the atoms are coherently prepared by control laser fields, and further driven by a weak incoherent pump field to induce gain. We employ nonlinear optical Bloch equations to analyze the optical response. Metastable Neon is identified as a suitable experimental candidate at infrared frequencies to implement a lossless active negative index material.
quant-ph
applications of negative index materials nim presently are severely limited by absorption next to improvements of metamaterial designs it has been suggested that dense gases of atoms could form a nim with negligible losses in such gases the low absorption is facilitated by quantum interference here we show that additional gain mechanisms can be used to tune and effectively remove absorption in a dense gas nim in our setup the atoms are coherently prepared by control laser fields and further driven by a weak incoherent pump field to induce gain we employ nonlinear optical bloch equations to analyze the optical response metastable neon is identified as a suitable experimental candidate at infrared frequencies to implement a lossless active negative index material
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711.0304
Quantum Physics Exploring Gravity in the Outer Solar System: The Sagas Project
We summarise the scientific and technological aspects of the SAGAS (Search for Anomalous Gravitation using Atomic Sensors) project, submitted to ESA in June 2007 in response to the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 call for proposals. The proposed mission aims at flying highly sensitive atomic sensors (optical clock, cold atom accelerometer, optical link) on a Solar System escape trajectory in the 2020 to 2030 time-frame. SAGAS has numerous science objectives in fundamental physics and Solar System science, for example numerous tests of general relativity and the exploration of the Kuiper belt. The combination of highly sensitive atomic sensors and of the laser link well adapted for large distances will allow measurements with unprecedented accuracy and on scales never reached before. We present the proposed mission in some detail, with particular emphasis on the science goals and associated measurements.
gr-qc astro-ph quant-ph
we summarise the scientific and technological aspects of the sagas search for anomalous gravitation using atomic sensors project submitted to esa in june 2007 in response to the cosmic vision 20152025 call for proposals the proposed mission aims at flying highly sensitive atomic sensors optical clock cold atom accelerometer optical link on a solar system escape trajectory in the 2020 to 2030 timeframe sagas has numerous science objectives in fundamental physics and solar system science for example numerous tests of general relativity and the exploration of the kuiper belt the combination of highly sensitive atomic sensors and of the laser link well adapted for large distances will allow measurements with unprecedented accuracy and on scales never reached before we present the proposed mission in some detail with particular emphasis on the science goals and associated measurements
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711.0305
Magnetohydrodynamics of Fractal Media
The fractal distribution of charged particles is considered. An example of this distribution is the charged particles that are distributed over fractal. The fractional integrals are used to describe fractal distribution. These integrals are considered as approximations of integrals on fractals. Typical turbulent media could be of a fractal structure and the corresponding equations should be changed to include the fractal features of the media. The magnetohydrodynamics equations for fractal media are derived from the fractional generalization of integral Maxwell equations and integral hydrodynamics (balance) equations. Possible equilibrium states for these equations are considered.
physics.plasm-ph
the fractal distribution of charged particles is considered an example of this distribution is the charged particles that are distributed over fractal the fractional integrals are used to describe fractal distribution these integrals are considered as approximations of integrals on fractals typical turbulent media could be of a fractal structure and the corresponding equations should be changed to include the fractal features of the media the magnetohydrodynamics equations for fractal media are derived from the fractional generalization of integral maxwell equations and integral hydrodynamics balance equations possible equilibrium states for these equations are considered
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711.0306
The first Suzaku observation of SGR 1806-20
The soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1806-20 has been attracting a lot of attention owing to the fact that in December 2004 it emitted the most powerful giant flare ever observed. Here we present the results of the first Suzaku observation of SGR 1806-20, that seems to have reached a state characterized by a flux close to the pre-flare level and by a relatively soft spectrum. Despite this, the source remained quite active, as testified by several short bursts observed by Suzaku. We discuss the broadband spectral properties of SGR 1806-20 in the context of the magnetar model, considering its recent theoretical developments.
astro-ph
the soft gammaray repeater sgr 180620 has been attracting a lot of attention owing to the fact that in december 2004 it emitted the most powerful giant flare ever observed here we present the results of the first suzaku observation of sgr 180620 that seems to have reached a state characterized by a flux close to the preflare level and by a relatively soft spectrum despite this the source remained quite active as testified by several short bursts observed by suzaku we discuss the broadband spectral properties of sgr 180620 in the context of the magnetar model considering its recent theoretical developments
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711.0307
Continuum percolation at and above the uniqueness treshold on homogeneous spaces
We consider the Poisson Boolean model of continuum percolation on a homogeneous Riemannian manifold $M$. Let $lambda$ be intensity of the Poisson process in the model and let $lambda_u$ be the infimum of the set of intensities that a.s. produce a unique unbounded component. We show that above $\lambda_u$ there is a.s. a unique unbounded component. We also study what happens at $\lambda_u$ for some spaces. In particular, if $M$ is the product of the hyperbolic disc and the real line, then at $\lambda_u$ there is a.s. not a unique unbounded component. The results are inspired by results for Bernoulli bond percolation on graphs due to Haggstrom, Peres and Schonmann.
math.PR
we consider the poisson boolean model of continuum percolation on a homogeneous riemannian manifold m let lambda be intensity of the poisson process in the model and let lambda_u be the infimum of the set of intensities that as produce a unique unbounded component we show that above lambda_u there is as a unique unbounded component we also study what happens at lambda_u for some spaces in particular if m is the product of the hyperbolic disc and the real line then at lambda_u there is as not a unique unbounded component the results are inspired by results for bernoulli bond percolation on graphs due to haggstrom peres and schonmann
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