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711.1108
Evolution of convex lens-shaped networks under curve shortening flow
We consider convex symmetric lens-shaped networks in R^2 that evolve under curve shortening flow. We show that the enclosed convex domain shrinks to a point in finite time. Furthermore, after appropriate rescaling the evolving networks converge to a self-similarly shrinking network, which we prove to be unique in an appropriate class. We also include a classification result for some self-similarly shrinking networks.
math.DG math.AP
we consider convex symmetric lensshaped networks in r2 that evolve under curve shortening flow we show that the enclosed convex domain shrinks to a point in finite time furthermore after appropriate rescaling the evolving networks converge to a selfsimilarly shrinking network which we prove to be unique in an appropriate class we also include a classification result for some selfsimilarly shrinking networks
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711.1109
Near-infrared cross-dispersed spectroscopy of brown dwarf candidates in the Upper Sco association
We present near-infrared (1.15-2.50 microns) medium-resolution (R = 1700) spectroscopy of a sample of 23 brown dwarf candidates in the young Upper Sco association. We confirm membership of 21 brown dwarfs based on their spectral shape, comparison with field dwarfs, and presence of weak gravity-sensitive features. Their spectral types range from M8 to L2 with an uncertainty of a subclass, suggesting effective temperatures between 2700 and 1800 K with an uncertainty up to 300 K and masses in the 30-8 Mjup range. Among the non-members, we have uncovered a field L2 dwarf at a distance of 120-140 pc, assuming that it is single. The success rate of our photometric selection based on five photometric passbands and complemented partly by proper motion is over 90%, a very promising result for future studies of the low-mass star and brown dwarf populations in young open clusters by the UKIDSS Galactic Cluster Survey. We observe a large dispersion in the magnitude versus spectral-type relation which is likely the result of the combination of several effects including age dispersion, extent and depth of the association, a high degree of multiplicity and the occurrence of disks.
astro-ph
we present nearinfrared 115250 microns mediumresolution r 1700 spectroscopy of a sample of 23 brown dwarf candidates in the young upper sco association we confirm membership of 21 brown dwarfs based on their spectral shape comparison with field dwarfs and presence of weak gravitysensitive features their spectral types range from m8 to l2 with an uncertainty of a subclass suggesting effective temperatures between 2700 and 1800 k with an uncertainty up to 300 k and masses in the 308 mjup range among the nonmembers we have uncovered a field l2 dwarf at a distance of 120140 pc assuming that it is single the success rate of our photometric selection based on five photometric passbands and complemented partly by proper motion is over 90 a very promising result for future studies of the lowmass star and brown dwarf populations in young open clusters by the ukidss galactic cluster survey we observe a large dispersion in the magnitude versus spectraltype relation which is likely the result of the combination of several effects including age dispersion extent and depth of the association a high degree of multiplicity and the occurrence of disks
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711.111
Bright OB stars in the Galaxy IV. Stellar and wind parameters of early to late B supergiants
We apply the NLTE atmosphere code FASTWIND to perform a spectroscopic study of a small sample of Galactic B-supergiants from B0 to B9. By means of the resulting data and incorporating additional datasets from alternative studies, we investigate the properties of OB-supergiants and compare our findings with theoretical predictions. As a result we find that due to the combined effects of line- and wind-blanketing, the temperature scale of Galactic B-supergiants needs to be revised downwards, by 10 to 20 percent, the latter value being appropriate for stronger winds. In fair accordance with recent results, our sample furthermore indicates a gradual decrease in wind terminal velocities over the bi-stability region, where the limits of this region are located at lower temperatures than the predicted ones. Introducing a distance-independent quantity Q' related to wind-strength, we also show that this quantity is a well defined, monotonically increasing function of Teff outside this region. Inside and from hot to cool, the mass loss rate changes by a factor (in between 0.4 and 2.5) which is (much) smaller than the predicted factor of 5. All this indicates that the decrease in wind terminal velocity over the bi-stability region is not over-compensated by an increase of mass loss rate, as frequently argued (provided the wind-clumping properties on both sides of this region do not differ substantially).
astro-ph
we apply the nlte atmosphere code fastwind to perform a spectroscopic study of a small sample of galactic bsupergiants from b0 to b9 by means of the resulting data and incorporating additional datasets from alternative studies we investigate the properties of obsupergiants and compare our findings with theoretical predictions as a result we find that due to the combined effects of line and windblanketing the temperature scale of galactic bsupergiants needs to be revised downwards by 10 to 20 percent the latter value being appropriate for stronger winds in fair accordance with recent results our sample furthermore indicates a gradual decrease in wind terminal velocities over the bistability region where the limits of this region are located at lower temperatures than the predicted ones introducing a distanceindependent quantity q related to windstrength we also show that this quantity is a well defined monotonically increasing function of teff outside this region inside and from hot to cool the mass loss rate changes by a factor in between 04 and 25 which is much smaller than the predicted factor of 5 all this indicates that the decrease in wind terminal velocity over the bistability region is not overcompensated by an increase of mass loss rate as frequently argued provided the windclumping properties on both sides of this region do not differ substantially
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711.1111
The Spin-Statistics Theorem in Arbitrary Dimensions
We investigate the spin-statistics connection in arbitrary dimensions for hermitian spinor or tensor quantum fields with a rotationally invariant bilinear Lagrangian density. We use essentially the same simple method as for space dimension D = 3. We find the usual connection (tensors as bosons and spinors as fermions) for D = 8n + 3; 8n + 4; 8n + 5, but only bosons for spinors and tensors in dimensions 8n +/- 1 and 8n. In dimensions 4n + 2 the spinors may be chosen as bosons or fermions. The argument hinges on finding the identity representation of the rotation group either on the symmetric or the antisymmetric part of the square of the field representation.
hep-th
we investigate the spinstatistics connection in arbitrary dimensions for hermitian spinor or tensor quantum fields with a rotationally invariant bilinear lagrangian density we use essentially the same simple method as for space dimension d 3 we find the usual connection tensors as bosons and spinors as fermions for d 8n 3 8n 4 8n 5 but only bosons for spinors and tensors in dimensions 8n 1 and 8n in dimensions 4n 2 the spinors may be chosen as bosons or fermions the argument hinges on finding the identity representation of the rotation group either on the symmetric or the antisymmetric part of the square of the field representation
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711.1112
Superconducting and Spinning Non-Abelian Flux Tubes
We find new non-Abelian flux tube solutions in a model of $N_f$ scalar fields in the fundamental representation of SU(N)xU(1) with $N \leq N_f$ (the ``extended non-Abelian Higgs model''), and study their main properties. Among the solutions there are spinning strings as well as superconducting ones. The solutions exist only in a non trivial domain of the parameter space defined by the ratio between the SU(N) and U(1) coupling constants, the scalar self-interaction coupling constants, the magnetic fluxes (Abelian as well as non-Abelian) and the ``twist parameter'' which is a non-trivial relative phase of the Higgs fields.
hep-th
we find new nonabelian flux tube solutions in a model of n_f scalar fields in the fundamental representation of sunxu1 with n leq n_f the extended nonabelian higgs model and study their main properties among the solutions there are spinning strings as well as superconducting ones the solutions exist only in a non trivial domain of the parameter space defined by the ratio between the sun and u1 coupling constants the scalar selfinteraction coupling constants the magnetic fluxes abelian as well as nonabelian and the twist parameter which is a nontrivial relative phase of the higgs fields
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711.1113
On the blow-up problem and new a priori estimates for the 3D Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations
We study blow-up rates and the blow-up profiles of possible asymptotically self-similar singularities of the 3D Euler equations, where the sense of convergence and self-similarity are considered in various sense. We extend much further, in particular, the previous nonexistence results of self-similar/asymptotically self-similar singularities obtained in \cite{cha1,cha2}. Some implications the notions for the 3D Navier-Stokes equations are also deduced. Generalization of the self-similar transforms is also considered, and by appropriate choice of the transform we obtain new \textit{a priori} estimates for the 3D Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations.
math.AP
we study blowup rates and the blowup profiles of possible asymptotically selfsimilar singularities of the 3d euler equations where the sense of convergence and selfsimilarity are considered in various sense we extend much further in particular the previous nonexistence results of selfsimilarasymptotically selfsimilar singularities obtained in citecha1cha2 some implications the notions for the 3d navierstokes equations are also deduced generalization of the selfsimilar transforms is also considered and by appropriate choice of the transform we obtain new textita priori estimates for the 3d euler and the navierstokes equations
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711.1114
Intramolecular distances and form factor of cyclic chains with excluded volume interactions
Numerical simulations are performed for isolated cyclic chains with excluded volume. Data are reported for the form factor, S(x), where x is the reduced scattering variable, and also for averages and distributions of the distance between intramolecular units. The averages of distances are compared with two alternative expressions describing their dependence with the number of segments separating the units. The distribution function results are compared with the des Cloizeaux form. Finally the S(x) data are compared with theoretical functions also derived from the des Cloizeaux expression for the distribution function. Moreover, the low x and asymptotic expansions of these functions are obtained. Based on these expansions, simple formulas are proposed to give a good description of the simulation data in the whole range of values of x. A comparison with similar results for linear chains is also included.
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech
numerical simulations are performed for isolated cyclic chains with excluded volume data are reported for the form factor sx where x is the reduced scattering variable and also for averages and distributions of the distance between intramolecular units the averages of distances are compared with two alternative expressions describing their dependence with the number of segments separating the units the distribution function results are compared with the des cloizeaux form finally the sx data are compared with theoretical functions also derived from the des cloizeaux expression for the distribution function moreover the low x and asymptotic expansions of these functions are obtained based on these expansions simple formulas are proposed to give a good description of the simulation data in the whole range of values of x a comparison with similar results for linear chains is also included
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711.1115
Gravitational-Wave Data Analysis. Formalism and Sample Applications: The Gaussian Case
The article reviews the statistical theory of signal detection in application to analysis of deterministic gravitational-wave signals in the noise of a detector. Statistical foundations for the theory of signal detection and parameter estimation are presented. Several tools needed for both theoretical evaluation of the optimal data analysis methods and for their practical implementation are introduced. They include optimal signal-to-noise ratio, Fisher matrix, false alarm and detection probabilities, $\mathcal{F}$-statistic, template placement, and fitting factor. These tools apply to the case of signals buried in a stationary and Gaussian noise. Algorithms to efficiently implement the optimal data analysis techniques are discussed. Formulas are given for a general gravitational-wave signal that includes as special cases most of the deterministic signals of interest.
gr-qc
the article reviews the statistical theory of signal detection in application to analysis of deterministic gravitationalwave signals in the noise of a detector statistical foundations for the theory of signal detection and parameter estimation are presented several tools needed for both theoretical evaluation of the optimal data analysis methods and for their practical implementation are introduced they include optimal signaltonoise ratio fisher matrix false alarm and detection probabilities mathcalfstatistic template placement and fitting factor these tools apply to the case of signals buried in a stationary and gaussian noise algorithms to efficiently implement the optimal data analysis techniques are discussed formulas are given for a general gravitationalwave signal that includes as special cases most of the deterministic signals of interest
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711.1116
Down Type Isosinglet Quarks in ATLAS
We evaluate the discovery reach of the ATLAS experiment for down type isosinglet quarks, $D$, using both their neutral and charged decay channels, namely the process $pp\to D\bar{D}+X$ with subsequent decays resulting in $2\ell+2j+E^{miss}_{T}$, $3\ell+2j+E^{miss}_{T}$ and $2\ell+4j$ final states. The integrated luminosity required for observation of a heavy quark is estimated for a mass range between 600 and 1000 GeV using the combination of results from different search channels.
hep-ph
we evaluate the discovery reach of the atlas experiment for down type isosinglet quarks d using both their neutral and charged decay channels namely the process ppto dbardx with subsequent decays resulting in 2ell2jemiss_t 3ell2jemiss_t and 2ell4j final states the integrated luminosity required for observation of a heavy quark is estimated for a mass range between 600 and 1000 gev using the combination of results from different search channels
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711.1117
Local contact stress measurements at a rough interface
An original MEMS-based force sensing device is designed which allows to measure spatially resolved normal and tangential stress fields at the base of an elastomeric film. This device is used for the study of the contact stress between a rough film and a smooth glass sphere under normal load. The measured profiles are compared to Finite Elements Method calculations for a smooth contact with boundary conditions obeying Amontons-Coulomb's friction law. The accuracy of the measurements allows to discriminate between dry and lubricated contact conditions and to evidence load-dependent deviations from Amontons-Coulomb's profiles. These deviations are qualitatively interpreted by taking into account the finite compliance of the micro-contact population.
cond-mat.soft
an original memsbased force sensing device is designed which allows to measure spatially resolved normal and tangential stress fields at the base of an elastomeric film this device is used for the study of the contact stress between a rough film and a smooth glass sphere under normal load the measured profiles are compared to finite elements method calculations for a smooth contact with boundary conditions obeying amontonscoulombs friction law the accuracy of the measurements allows to discriminate between dry and lubricated contact conditions and to evidence loaddependent deviations from amontonscoulombs profiles these deviations are qualitatively interpreted by taking into account the finite compliance of the microcontact population
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711.1118
An infrared survey of brightest cluster galaxies: Paper I
We report on an imaging survey with the Spitzer Space Telescope of 62 brightest cluster galaxies with optical line emission. These galaxies are located in the cores of X-ray luminous clusters selected from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. We find that about half of these sources have a sign of excess infrared emission; 22 objects out of 62 are detected at 70 microns, 18 have 8 to 5.8 micron flux ratios above 1.0 and 28 have 24 to 8 micron flux ratios above 1.0. Altogether 35 of 62 objects in our survey exhibit at least one of these signs of infrared excess. Four galaxies with infrared excesses have a 4.5/3.6 micron flux ratio indicating the presence of hot dust, and/or an unresolved nucleus at 8 microns. Three of these have high measured [OIII](5007A)/Hbeta flux ratios suggesting that these four, Abell 1068, Abell 2146, and Zwicky 2089, and R0821+07, host dusty active galactic nuclei (AGNs). 9 objects (including the four hosting dusty AGNs) have infrared luminosities greater than 10^11 L_sol and so can be classified as luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs). Excluding the four systems hosting dusty AGNs, the excess mid-infrared emission in the remaining brightest cluster galaxies is likely related to star formation.
astro-ph
we report on an imaging survey with the spitzer space telescope of 62 brightest cluster galaxies with optical line emission these galaxies are located in the cores of xray luminous clusters selected from the rosat allsky survey we find that about half of these sources have a sign of excess infrared emission 22 objects out of 62 are detected at 70 microns 18 have 8 to 58 micron flux ratios above 10 and 28 have 24 to 8 micron flux ratios above 10 altogether 35 of 62 objects in our survey exhibit at least one of these signs of infrared excess four galaxies with infrared excesses have a 4536 micron flux ratio indicating the presence of hot dust andor an unresolved nucleus at 8 microns three of these have high measured oiii5007ahbeta flux ratios suggesting that these four abell 1068 abell 2146 and zwicky 2089 and r082107 host dusty active galactic nuclei agns 9 objects including the four hosting dusty agns have infrared luminosities greater than 1011 l_sol and so can be classified as luminous infrared galaxies lirgs excluding the four systems hosting dusty agns the excess midinfrared emission in the remaining brightest cluster galaxies is likely related to star formation
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711.1119
Stability of CFL cores in Hybrid Stars
We study the equation state of strongly interacting quark matter within a NJL-like model in which the chiral condensates and the color superconducting gaps are computed self-consistently as a function of the baryon density. A vector interaction term is added to the Lagrangian in order to render the quark matter equation of state stiffer. For the low density hadronic phase we use a relativistic mean field model. The phase transition to quark matter is computed by a Maxwell construction. We show that stable CFL cores in hybrid stars are possible if the superconducting gap is sufficiently large. Moreover we find stable stellar configurations in which two phase transitions occur, a first transition from hadronic matter to 2SC quark matter and a second transition from 2SC quark matter to CFL quark matter.
astro-ph
we study the equation state of strongly interacting quark matter within a njllike model in which the chiral condensates and the color superconducting gaps are computed selfconsistently as a function of the baryon density a vector interaction term is added to the lagrangian in order to render the quark matter equation of state stiffer for the low density hadronic phase we use a relativistic mean field model the phase transition to quark matter is computed by a maxwell construction we show that stable cfl cores in hybrid stars are possible if the superconducting gap is sufficiently large moreover we find stable stellar configurations in which two phase transitions occur a first transition from hadronic matter to 2sc quark matter and a second transition from 2sc quark matter to cfl quark matter
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711.112
Electroexcitation of the Roper resonance from CLAS data
The helicity amplitudes of the electroexcitation of the Roper resonance on proton are extracted at 1.7 < Q2 < 4.2 GeV2 from recent high precision JLab-CLAS cross sections data and longitudinally polarized beam asymmetry for pi+ electroproduction on protons. The analysis is made using two approaches, dispersion relations and unitary isobar model, which give consistent results. It is found that the transverse helicity amplitude for the gamma* p --> P11(1440) transition, which is large and negative at Q2=0, becomes large and positive at Q2 ~ 2 GeV2, and then drops slowly with Q2. Longitudinal helicity amplitude, that was previously found from CLAS data as large and positive at Q2=0.4,0.65 GeV2, drops with Q2. These results rule out the presentation of P11(1440) as a 3qG hybrid state, and provide strong evidence in favor of this resonance as a first radial excitation of the 3q ground state.
nucl-th
the helicity amplitudes of the electroexcitation of the roper resonance on proton are extracted at 17 q2 42 gev2 from recent high precision jlabclas cross sections data and longitudinally polarized beam asymmetry for pi electroproduction on protons the analysis is made using two approaches dispersion relations and unitary isobar model which give consistent results it is found that the transverse helicity amplitude for the gamma p p111440 transition which is large and negative at q20 becomes large and positive at q2 2 gev2 and then drops slowly with q2 longitudinal helicity amplitude that was previously found from clas data as large and positive at q204065 gev2 drops with q2 these results rule out the presentation of p111440 as a 3qg hybrid state and provide strong evidence in favor of this resonance as a first radial excitation of the 3q ground state
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711.1121
Massive QCD amplitudes at higher orders
We consider the factorization properties of on-shell QCD amplitudes with massive partons in the limit when all kinematical invariants are large compared to the parton mass and discuss the structure of their infrared singularities. The dimensionally regulated soft poles and the large collinear logarithms of the parton masses exponentiate to all orders. Based on this factorization a simple relation between massless and massive scattering amplitudes in gauge theories can be established. We present recent applications of this relation for the calculation of the two-loop virtual QCD corrections to the hadro-production of heavy quarks.
hep-ph
we consider the factorization properties of onshell qcd amplitudes with massive partons in the limit when all kinematical invariants are large compared to the parton mass and discuss the structure of their infrared singularities the dimensionally regulated soft poles and the large collinear logarithms of the parton masses exponentiate to all orders based on this factorization a simple relation between massless and massive scattering amplitudes in gauge theories can be established we present recent applications of this relation for the calculation of the twoloop virtual qcd corrections to the hadroproduction of heavy quarks
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711.1122
A Novel Design of Dielectric Perfect Invisibility Devices
The aim of an invisibility device is to guide light around any object put inside, being able to hide objects from sight. In this work, we propose a novel design of dielectric invisibility media based on negative refraction and optical conformal mapping that seems to create perfect invisibility. This design has some advantages and more relaxed constraints compared with already proposed schemes. In particular, it represents an example where the time delay in a dielectric invisibility device is zero. Furthermore, due to impedance matching of negatively refracting materials, the reflection should be close to zero. These findings strongly indicate that perfect invisibility with optically isotropic materials is possible. Finally, the area of the invisible space is also discussed.
physics.optics physics.gen-ph
the aim of an invisibility device is to guide light around any object put inside being able to hide objects from sight in this work we propose a novel design of dielectric invisibility media based on negative refraction and optical conformal mapping that seems to create perfect invisibility this design has some advantages and more relaxed constraints compared with already proposed schemes in particular it represents an example where the time delay in a dielectric invisibility device is zero furthermore due to impedance matching of negatively refracting materials the reflection should be close to zero these findings strongly indicate that perfect invisibility with optically isotropic materials is possible finally the area of the invisible space is also discussed
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711.1123
Quarkonia Photoproduction at Nucleus Colliders
Exclusive photoproduction of heavy quarkonia in high-energy ultraperipheral ion-ion interactions (gamma A --> V A, where V = J/Psi,Upsilon and the nucleus A remains intact) offers a useful means to constrain the small-x nuclear gluon density. We discuss preliminary results on J/Psi photoproduction in Au-Au collisions at RHIC energies, as well as full simulation-reconstruction studies of photo-produced Upsilon's in Pb-Pb interactions at the LHC.
nucl-ex hep-ex nucl-th
exclusive photoproduction of heavy quarkonia in highenergy ultraperipheral ionion interactions gamma a v a where v jpsiupsilon and the nucleus a remains intact offers a useful means to constrain the smallx nuclear gluon density we discuss preliminary results on jpsi photoproduction in auau collisions at rhic energies as well as full simulationreconstruction studies of photoproduced upsilons in pbpb interactions at the lhc
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711.1124
Melting of trapped few particle systems
In small confined systems predictions for the melting point strongly depend on the choice of quantity and on the way it is computed, even yielding divergent and ambiguous results. We present a very simple quantity which allows to control these problems -- the variance of the block averaged interparticle distance fluctuations.
cond-mat.stat-mech
in small confined systems predictions for the melting point strongly depend on the choice of quantity and on the way it is computed even yielding divergent and ambiguous results we present a very simple quantity which allows to control these problems the variance of the block averaged interparticle distance fluctuations
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711.1125
Effect of excluded volume interactions on the interfacial properties of colloid-polymer mixtures
We report a numerical study of equilibrium phase-diagrams and interfacial properties of bulk and confined colloid-polymer mixtures using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Colloidal particles are treated as hard spheres, while the polymer chains are described as soft repulsive spheres. The polymer-polymer, colloid-polymer, and wall-polymer interactions are described by density-dependent potentials derived by Bolhuis and Louis [Macromolecules, 35 (2002), p.1860]. We compared our results with those of the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model, that treats the polymers as ideal particles. We find that the number of polymers needed to drive the demixing transition is larger for the interacting polymers, and that the gas-liquid interfacial tension is smaller. When the system is confined between two parallel hard plates, we find capillary condensation. Compared with the AOV model, we find that the excluded volume interactions between the polymers suppress capillary condensation. In order to induce capillary condensation, smaller undersaturations and smaller plate separations are needed in comparison with ideal polymers.
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech
we report a numerical study of equilibrium phasediagrams and interfacial properties of bulk and confined colloidpolymer mixtures using grand canonical monte carlo simulations colloidal particles are treated as hard spheres while the polymer chains are described as soft repulsive spheres the polymerpolymer colloidpolymer and wallpolymer interactions are described by densitydependent potentials derived by bolhuis and louis macromolecules 35 2002 p1860 we compared our results with those of the asakuraoosawavrij model that treats the polymers as ideal particles we find that the number of polymers needed to drive the demixing transition is larger for the interacting polymers and that the gasliquid interfacial tension is smaller when the system is confined between two parallel hard plates we find capillary condensation compared with the aov model we find that the excluded volume interactions between the polymers suppress capillary condensation in order to induce capillary condensation smaller undersaturations and smaller plate separations are needed in comparison with ideal polymers
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711.1126
Goldbach Conjecture and First-Order Arithmetic
Using the concepts of Hyperbolic Classification of Natural Numbers, Essential Regions and Goldbach Conjecture Function we prove that the existence of a proof of the Goldbach Conjecture in First-Order Arithmetic would imply the existence of another proof in a certain extension that would not be valid in all states of time associated to natural numbers created by means of adequate dynamic processes.
math.GM
using the concepts of hyperbolic classification of natural numbers essential regions and goldbach conjecture function we prove that the existence of a proof of the goldbach conjecture in firstorder arithmetic would imply the existence of another proof in a certain extension that would not be valid in all states of time associated to natural numbers created by means of adequate dynamic processes
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711.1127
Hypercharge-Universal Topcolor
We propose and discuss the phenomenology of a Topcolor-assisted Technicolor (TC2) model with a flavor-universal hypercharge sector. After discussing the symmetry breaking pattern and low-energy effective Lagrangian, we examine various experimental and theoretical constraints, finding that precision electroweak measurements yield the strongest bounds on the model. We perform a combined fit to all available $Z$-pole and LEP2 data and find that the goodness of fit for hypercharge-universal topcolor is comparable to that of the Standard Model. In contrast, TC2 models with a flavor non-universal hypercharge sectors are markedly disfavored by the data.
hep-ph
we propose and discuss the phenomenology of a topcolorassisted technicolor tc2 model with a flavoruniversal hypercharge sector after discussing the symmetry breaking pattern and lowenergy effective lagrangian we examine various experimental and theoretical constraints finding that precision electroweak measurements yield the strongest bounds on the model we perform a combined fit to all available zpole and lep2 data and find that the goodness of fit for hyperchargeuniversal topcolor is comparable to that of the standard model in contrast tc2 models with a flavor nonuniversal hypercharge sectors are markedly disfavored by the data
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711.1128
Inversion method for content-based networks
In this paper, we generalize a recently introduced Expectation Maximization (EM) method for graphs and apply it to content-based networks. The EM method provides a classification of the nodes of a graph, and allows to infer relations between the different classes. Content-based networks are ideal models for graphs displaying any kind of community or/and multipartite structure. We show both numerically and analytically that the generalized EM method is able to recover the process that led to the generation of such networks. We also investigate the conditions under which our generalized EM method can recover the underlying contents-based structure in the presence of randomness in the connections. Two entropies, Sq and Sc, are defined to measure the quality of the node classification and to what extent the connectivity of a given network is content-based. Sq and Sc are also useful in determining the number of classes for which the classification is optimal.
physics.soc-ph cond-mat.dis-nn physics.comp-ph
in this paper we generalize a recently introduced expectation maximization em method for graphs and apply it to contentbased networks the em method provides a classification of the nodes of a graph and allows to infer relations between the different classes contentbased networks are ideal models for graphs displaying any kind of community orand multipartite structure we show both numerically and analytically that the generalized em method is able to recover the process that led to the generation of such networks we also investigate the conditions under which our generalized em method can recover the underlying contentsbased structure in the presence of randomness in the connections two entropies sq and sc are defined to measure the quality of the node classification and to what extent the connectivity of a given network is contentbased sq and sc are also useful in determining the number of classes for which the classification is optimal
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711.1129
Characterization of graphene through anisotropy of constant-energy maps in angle-resolved photoemission
We show theoretically how constant-energy maps of the angle-resolved photoemission intensity can be used to test wave function symmetry in graphene. For monolayer graphene, we demonstrate that the observed anisotropy of ARPES spectra is a manifestation of what has been recently branded as electronic chirality. For bilayer graphene, we show that the anisotropy of the constant-energy maps may be used to extract information about the magnitude and sign of interlayer coupling parameters and about symmetry breaking inflicted on a bilayer by the underlying substrate.
cond-mat.mes-hall
we show theoretically how constantenergy maps of the angleresolved photoemission intensity can be used to test wave function symmetry in graphene for monolayer graphene we demonstrate that the observed anisotropy of arpes spectra is a manifestation of what has been recently branded as electronic chirality for bilayer graphene we show that the anisotropy of the constantenergy maps may be used to extract information about the magnitude and sign of interlayer coupling parameters and about symmetry breaking inflicted on a bilayer by the underlying substrate
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711.113
Random walks in a random environment on a strip: a renormalization group approach
We present a real space renormalization group scheme for the problem of random walks in a random environment on a strip, which includes one-dimensional random walk in random environment with bounded non-nearest-neighbor jumps. We show that the model renormalizes to an effective one-dimensional random walk problem with nearest-neighbor jumps and conclude that Sinai scaling is valid in the recurrent case, while in the sub-linear transient phase, the displacement grows as a power of the time.
cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech
we present a real space renormalization group scheme for the problem of random walks in a random environment on a strip which includes onedimensional random walk in random environment with bounded nonnearestneighbor jumps we show that the model renormalizes to an effective onedimensional random walk problem with nearestneighbor jumps and conclude that sinai scaling is valid in the recurrent case while in the sublinear transient phase the displacement grows as a power of the time
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711.1131
Chemical doping-induced gap opening and spin polarization in graphene
By using first principles calculations we report a chemical doping induced gap in graphene. The structural and electronic properties of CrO$_3$ interacting with graphene layer are calculated using ab initio methods based on the density functional theory. The CrO$_3$ acts as an electron acceptor modifying the original electronic and magnetic properties of the graphene surface through a chemical adsorption. The changes induced in the electronic properties are strongly dependent of the CrO$_3$ adsorption site and for some sites it is possible to open a gap in the electronic band structure. Spin polarization effects are also predicted for some adsorption configurations.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
by using first principles calculations we report a chemical doping induced gap in graphene the structural and electronic properties of cro_3 interacting with graphene layer are calculated using ab initio methods based on the density functional theory the cro_3 acts as an electron acceptor modifying the original electronic and magnetic properties of the graphene surface through a chemical adsorption the changes induced in the electronic properties are strongly dependent of the cro_3 adsorption site and for some sites it is possible to open a gap in the electronic band structure spin polarization effects are also predicted for some adsorption configurations
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711.1132
Local Geometric Langlands Correspondence: the Spherical Case
A module over an affine Kac--Moody algebra g^ is called spherical if the action of the Lie subalgebra g[[t]] on it integrates to an algebraic action of the corresponding group G[[t]]. Consider the category of spherical g^-modules of critical level. In this paper we prove that this category is equivalent to the category of quasi-coherent sheaves on the ind-scheme of opers on the punctured disc which are unramified as local systems. This result is a categorical version of the well-known description of spherical vectors in representations of groups over local non-archimedian fields. It may be viewed as a special case of the local geometric Langlands correspondence proposed in arXiv:math/0508382.
math.QA math.AG math.RT
a module over an affine kacmoody algebra g is called spherical if the action of the lie subalgebra gt on it integrates to an algebraic action of the corresponding group gt consider the category of spherical gmodules of critical level in this paper we prove that this category is equivalent to the category of quasicoherent sheaves on the indscheme of opers on the punctured disc which are unramified as local systems this result is a categorical version of the wellknown description of spherical vectors in representations of groups over local nonarchimedian fields it may be viewed as a special case of the local geometric langlands correspondence proposed in arxivmath0508382
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711.1133
Decelerating microdynamics can accelerate macrodynamics in the voter model
For the voter model, we study the effect of a memory-dependent transition rate. We assume that the transition of a spin into the opposite state decreases with the time it has been in its current state. Counter-intuitively, we find that the time to reach a macroscopically ordered state can be accelerated by slowing-down the microscopic dynamics in this way. This holds for different network topologies, including fully-connected ones. We find that the ordering dynamics is governed by two competing processes which either stabilize the majority or the minority state. If the first one dominates, it accelerates the ordering of the system. The conclusions of this Letter are not restricted to the voter model, but remain valid to many other spin systems as well.
cond-mat.dis-nn physics.soc-ph
for the voter model we study the effect of a memorydependent transition rate we assume that the transition of a spin into the opposite state decreases with the time it has been in its current state counterintuitively we find that the time to reach a macroscopically ordered state can be accelerated by slowingdown the microscopic dynamics in this way this holds for different network topologies including fullyconnected ones we find that the ordering dynamics is governed by two competing processes which either stabilize the majority or the minority state if the first one dominates it accelerates the ordering of the system the conclusions of this letter are not restricted to the voter model but remain valid to many other spin systems as well
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711.1134
Landweber exact formal group laws and smooth cohomology theories
The main aim of this paper is the construction of a smooth (sometimes called differential) extension \hat{MU} of the cohomology theory complex cobordism MU, using cycles for \hat{MU}(M) which are essentially proper maps W\to M with a fixed U(n)-structure and U(n)-connection on the (stable) normal bundle of W\to M. Crucial is that this model allows the construction of a product structure and of pushdown maps for this smooth extension of MU, which have all the expected properties. Moreover, we show, using the Landweber exact functor principle, that \hat{R}(M):=\hat{MU}(M)\otimes_{MU^*}R defines a multiplicative smooth extension of R(M):=MU(M)\otimes_{MU^*}R whenever R is a Landweber exact MU*-module. An example for this construction is a new way to define a multiplicative smooth K-theory.
math.KT math.AT math.GT
the main aim of this paper is the construction of a smooth sometimes called differential extension hatmu of the cohomology theory complex cobordism mu using cycles for hatmum which are essentially proper maps wto m with a fixed unstructure and unconnection on the stable normal bundle of wto m crucial is that this model allows the construction of a product structure and of pushdown maps for this smooth extension of mu which have all the expected properties moreover we show using the landweber exact functor principle that hatrmhatmumotimes_mur defines a multiplicative smooth extension of rmmumotimes_mur whenever r is a landweber exact mumodule an example for this construction is a new way to define a multiplicative smooth ktheory
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711.1135
The rank of a quiver representation
We define a functor which gives the "global rank of a quiver representation" and prove that it has nice properties which make it a generalization of the rank of a linear map. We demonstrate how to construct other "rank functors" for a quiver Q, which induce ring homomorphisms (called "rank functions") from the representation ring of Q to Z. These rank functions give discrete numerical invariants of quiver representations, useful for computing tensor product multiplicities of representations and determining some structure of the representation ring. We also show that in characteristic 0, rank functors commute with the Schur operations on quiver representations, and the homomorphisms induced by rank functors are lambda-ring homomorphisms.
math.RT math.RA
we define a functor which gives the global rank of a quiver representation and prove that it has nice properties which make it a generalization of the rank of a linear map we demonstrate how to construct other rank functors for a quiver q which induce ring homomorphisms called rank functions from the representation ring of q to z these rank functions give discrete numerical invariants of quiver representations useful for computing tensor product multiplicities of representations and determining some structure of the representation ring we also show that in characteristic 0 rank functors commute with the schur operations on quiver representations and the homomorphisms induced by rank functors are lambdaring homomorphisms
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711.1136
Analysis of continuous strict local martingales via h-transforms
We study strict local martingales via h-transforms, a method which first appeared in Delbaen-Schachermayer. We show that strict local martingales arise whenever there is a consistent family of change of measures where the two measures are not equivalent to one another. Several old and new strict local martingales are identified. We treat examples of diffusions with various boundary behavior, size-bias sampling of diffusion paths, and non-colliding diffusions. A multidimensional generalization to conformal strict local martingales is achieved through Kelvin transform. As curious examples of non-standard behavior, we show by various examples that strict local martingales do not behave uniformly when the function (x-K)^+ is applied to them. Implications to the recent literature on financial bubbles are discussed.
math.PR q-fin.CP
we study strict local martingales via htransforms a method which first appeared in delbaenschachermayer we show that strict local martingales arise whenever there is a consistent family of change of measures where the two measures are not equivalent to one another several old and new strict local martingales are identified we treat examples of diffusions with various boundary behavior sizebias sampling of diffusion paths and noncolliding diffusions a multidimensional generalization to conformal strict local martingales is achieved through kelvin transform as curious examples of nonstandard behavior we show by various examples that strict local martingales do not behave uniformly when the function xk is applied to them implications to the recent literature on financial bubbles are discussed
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711.1137
Dielectronic recombination and stability of warm gas in AGN
Understanding the thermal equilibrium (stability) curve may offer insights into the nature of the warm absorbers often found in active galactic nuclei. Its shape is determined by factors like the spectrum of the ionizing continuum and the chemical composition of the gas. We find that the stability curves obtained under the same set of the above mentioned physical factors, but using recently derived dielectronic recombination rates, give significantly different results, especially in the regions corresponding to warm absorbers, leading to different physical predictions. Using the current rates we find a larger probability of having thermally stable warm absorber at $10^5 \kel$ than previous predictions and also a greater possibility for its multiphase nature. the results obtained with the current dielectronic recombination rate coefficients are more reliable because the warm absorber models along the stability curve have computed coefficient values, whereas previous calculations relied on guessed averages for the same due to lack of available data.
astro-ph
understanding the thermal equilibrium stability curve may offer insights into the nature of the warm absorbers often found in active galactic nuclei its shape is determined by factors like the spectrum of the ionizing continuum and the chemical composition of the gas we find that the stability curves obtained under the same set of the above mentioned physical factors but using recently derived dielectronic recombination rates give significantly different results especially in the regions corresponding to warm absorbers leading to different physical predictions using the current rates we find a larger probability of having thermally stable warm absorber at 105 kel than previous predictions and also a greater possibility for its multiphase nature the results obtained with the current dielectronic recombination rate coefficients are more reliable because the warm absorber models along the stability curve have computed coefficient values whereas previous calculations relied on guessed averages for the same due to lack of available data
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711.1138
Evidence for a parity doublet Delta(1920)P_{33} and Delta(1940)D_{33}$ from \gamma p\to p\pi^0\eta
Evidence is reported for the existence of a parity doublet of Delta resonances with total angular momentum J=3/2 from photoproduction of the p pi^0 eta final state. The two parity partners Delta(1920)P_{33} and Delta(1940)D_{33} make significant contributions to the reaction. Cascades of resonances into Delta(1232) eta, N(1535) pi, and N a_0(980) are clearly observed.
nucl-ex
evidence is reported for the existence of a parity doublet of delta resonances with total angular momentum j32 from photoproduction of the p pi0 eta final state the two parity partners delta1920p_33 and delta1940d_33 make significant contributions to the reaction cascades of resonances into delta1232 eta n1535 pi and n a_0980 are clearly observed
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711.1139
The hydrogen-deficient knot of the `born again' planetary nebula Abell 58 (V605 Aql)
We have analysed deep optical spectra of the `born-again' planetary nebula Abell 58 and its hydrogen-deficient knot, surrounding V605 Aql, which underwent a nova-like eruption in 1919. The electron temperature we derive for the central knot varies widely depending on the diagnostic used. The [O III] nebular-to-auroral transition ratio gives a temperature of 20800 K, while the ratio of the [N II] nebular and auroral lines give Te=15200 K. The helium line ratios 5876/4471 and 6678/4471 imply temperatures of 350 K and 550 K respectively. Weakly temperature-sensitive O II recombination line ratios imply similarly low electron temperatures. Abundances derived from recombination lines are vastly higher than those found from collisionally excited lines, with the abundance discrepancy factor (adf) for O2+ reaching 89 -- the second highest known value after that found for the hydrogen deficient knots in Abell 30. The observed temperature diagnostics and abundances support the idea that, like Abell 30, the knot of Abell 58 contains some very cold ionised material. Although the central star is carbon-rich (C/O>1), the knot is found to be oxygen-rich, a situation not predicted by the single-star `born again' theory of its formation. We argue that the abundances in the ejecta observed in A 30 and A 58 have more in common with neon novae than with Sakurai's Object, which is believed to have undergone a final helium flash. In particular, the C/O ratio of less than unity and presence of substantial quantities of neon in the ejecta of both Abell 30 and Abell 58 are not predicted by very late thermal pulse models.
astro-ph
we have analysed deep optical spectra of the bornagain planetary nebula abell 58 and its hydrogendeficient knot surrounding v605 aql which underwent a novalike eruption in 1919 the electron temperature we derive for the central knot varies widely depending on the diagnostic used the o iii nebulartoauroral transition ratio gives a temperature of 20800 k while the ratio of the n ii nebular and auroral lines give te15200 k the helium line ratios 58764471 and 66784471 imply temperatures of 350 k and 550 k respectively weakly temperaturesensitive o ii recombination line ratios imply similarly low electron temperatures abundances derived from recombination lines are vastly higher than those found from collisionally excited lines with the abundance discrepancy factor adf for o2 reaching 89 the second highest known value after that found for the hydrogen deficient knots in abell 30 the observed temperature diagnostics and abundances support the idea that like abell 30 the knot of abell 58 contains some very cold ionised material although the central star is carbonrich co1 the knot is found to be oxygenrich a situation not predicted by the singlestar born again theory of its formation we argue that the abundances in the ejecta observed in a 30 and a 58 have more in common with neon novae than with sakurais object which is believed to have undergone a final helium flash in particular the co ratio of less than unity and presence of substantial quantities of neon in the ejecta of both abell 30 and abell 58 are not predicted by very late thermal pulse models
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711.114
On Enumeration of Conjugacy Classes of Coxeter Elements
In this paper we study the equivalence relation on the set of acyclic orientations of a graph Y that arises through source-to-sink conversions. This source-to-sink conversion encodes, e.g. conjugation of Coxeter elements of a Coxeter group. We give a direct proof of a recursion for the number of equivalence classes of this relation for an arbitrary graph Y using edge deletion and edge contraction of non-bridge edges. We conclude by showing how this result may also be obtained through an evaluation of the Tutte polynomial as T(Y,1,0), and we provide bijections to two other classes of acyclic orientations that are known to be counted in the same way. A transversal of the set of equivalence classes is given.
math.CO math.GR
in this paper we study the equivalence relation on the set of acyclic orientations of a graph y that arises through sourcetosink conversions this sourcetosink conversion encodes eg conjugation of coxeter elements of a coxeter group we give a direct proof of a recursion for the number of equivalence classes of this relation for an arbitrary graph y using edge deletion and edge contraction of nonbridge edges we conclude by showing how this result may also be obtained through an evaluation of the tutte polynomial as ty10 and we provide bijections to two other classes of acyclic orientations that are known to be counted in the same way a transversal of the set of equivalence classes is given
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711.1141
Transcriptional pulsing and consequent stochasticity in gene expression
Transcriptional pulsing has been observed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cell to cell variability of protein and mRNA numbers. The issue is how the time constants associated with episodes of transcriptional bursting impact cellular mRNA and protein distributions and reciprocally, to what extent experimentally observed distributions can be attributed to transcriptional pulsing. We address these questions by investigating the exact time-dependent solution of the Master equation for a transcriptional pulsing model of mRNA distributions. We find a plethora of results: we show that, among others, bimodal and long-tailed (power law) distributions occur in the steady state as the rate constants are varied over biologically significant time scales. Since steady state distributions may not be reached experimentally we present results for the time evolution of the distributions. Because cellular behavior is essentially determined by proteins, we investigate the effect of the different mRNA distributions on the corresponding protein distributions. We delineate the regimes of rate constants for which the protein distribution mimics the mRNA distribution and those for which the protein distribution deviates significantly from the mRNA distribution.
q-bio.QM q-bio.SC
transcriptional pulsing has been observed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cell to cell variability of protein and mrna numbers the issue is how the time constants associated with episodes of transcriptional bursting impact cellular mrna and protein distributions and reciprocally to what extent experimentally observed distributions can be attributed to transcriptional pulsing we address these questions by investigating the exact timedependent solution of the master equation for a transcriptional pulsing model of mrna distributions we find a plethora of results we show that among others bimodal and longtailed power law distributions occur in the steady state as the rate constants are varied over biologically significant time scales since steady state distributions may not be reached experimentally we present results for the time evolution of the distributions because cellular behavior is essentially determined by proteins we investigate the effect of the different mrna distributions on the corresponding protein distributions we delineate the regimes of rate constants for which the protein distribution mimics the mrna distribution and those for which the protein distribution deviates significantly from the mrna distribution
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711.1142
An Expanding Shell and Synchrotron Jet in RS Ophiuchi
We report high-resolution radio imaging of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) during the first month of the 2006 outburst, using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). Observations made on days 20.8 and 26.8 of the outburst show a synchrotron-emitting partial shell that is much brighter to the east than to the west. Assuming the broad component of the infrared lines corresponds to the outermost part of the shell seen by the VLBA, the distance to the source is $2.45\pm0.4 kpc$. The circular shape and spectral indices of the shell emission challenge simple models for the radio structure immediately after the outburst. The second epoch also shows an additional, resolved, synchrotron-emitting component well to the east of the shell. Its inferred velocity is comparable to the escape speed from the surface of a high-mass white dwarf. This component was not seen in the first epoch. Its appearance may be related to the outflow reaching the edge of the nebula created by the red giant wind, which had been re-filling the void left by the last outburst in 1985. This eastern component is likely related to the jets previously seen in this and other symbiotic stars, and represents the earliest clear detection of such a jet, as well as the best case yet for synchrotron emission from a white dwarf jet.
astro-ph
we report highresolution radio imaging of the recurrent nova rs ophiuchi rs oph during the first month of the 2006 outburst using the very long baseline array vlba observations made on days 208 and 268 of the outburst show a synchrotronemitting partial shell that is much brighter to the east than to the west assuming the broad component of the infrared lines corresponds to the outermost part of the shell seen by the vlba the distance to the source is 245pm04 kpc the circular shape and spectral indices of the shell emission challenge simple models for the radio structure immediately after the outburst the second epoch also shows an additional resolved synchrotronemitting component well to the east of the shell its inferred velocity is comparable to the escape speed from the surface of a highmass white dwarf this component was not seen in the first epoch its appearance may be related to the outflow reaching the edge of the nebula created by the red giant wind which had been refilling the void left by the last outburst in 1985 this eastern component is likely related to the jets previously seen in this and other symbiotic stars and represents the earliest clear detection of such a jet as well as the best case yet for synchrotron emission from a white dwarf jet
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711.1143
Optimal intertemporal risk allocation applied to insurance pricing
We present a general approach to the pricing of products in finance and insurance in the multi-period setting. It is a combination of the utility indifference pricing and optimal intertemporal risk allocation. We give a characterization of the optimal intertemporal risk allocation by a first order condition. Applying this result to the exponential utility function, we obtain an essentially new type of premium calculation method for a popular type of multi-period insurance contract. This method is simple and can be easily implemented numerically. We see that the results of numerical calculations are well coincident with the risk loading level determined by traditional practices. The results also suggest a possible implied utility approach to insurance pricing.
q-fin.PR math.PR q-fin.RM
we present a general approach to the pricing of products in finance and insurance in the multiperiod setting it is a combination of the utility indifference pricing and optimal intertemporal risk allocation we give a characterization of the optimal intertemporal risk allocation by a first order condition applying this result to the exponential utility function we obtain an essentially new type of premium calculation method for a popular type of multiperiod insurance contract this method is simple and can be easily implemented numerically we see that the results of numerical calculations are well coincident with the risk loading level determined by traditional practices the results also suggest a possible implied utility approach to insurance pricing
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711.1144
The Origin of Radio Scintillation In the Local Interstellar Medium
We study three quasar radio sources (B1257-326, B1519-273, and J1819+385) that show large amplitude intraday and annual scintillation variability produced by the Earth's motion relative to turbulent-scattering screens located within a few parsecs of the Sun. We find that the lines of sight to these sources pass through the edges of partially ionized warm interstellar clouds where two or more clouds may interact. From the gas flow vectors of these clouds, we find that the relative radial and transverse velocities of these clouds are large and could generate the turbulence that is responsible for the observed scintillation. For all three sight lines the flow velocities of nearby warm local interstellar clouds are consistent with the fits to the transverse flows of the radio scintillation signals.
astro-ph
we study three quasar radio sources b1257326 b1519273 and j1819385 that show large amplitude intraday and annual scintillation variability produced by the earths motion relative to turbulentscattering screens located within a few parsecs of the sun we find that the lines of sight to these sources pass through the edges of partially ionized warm interstellar clouds where two or more clouds may interact from the gas flow vectors of these clouds we find that the relative radial and transverse velocities of these clouds are large and could generate the turbulence that is responsible for the observed scintillation for all three sight lines the flow velocities of nearby warm local interstellar clouds are consistent with the fits to the transverse flows of the radio scintillation signals
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711.1145
A critique of general relativity
General relativity's successes and limitations are compared to those of special relativity.
physics.gen-ph
general relativitys successes and limitations are compared to those of special relativity
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711.1146
Modeling homophily and stochastic equivalence in symmetric relational data
This article discusses a latent variable model for inference and prediction of symmetric relational data. The model, based on the idea of the eigenvalue decomposition, represents the relationship between two nodes as the weighted inner-product of node-specific vectors of latent characteristics. This ``eigenmodel'' generalizes other popular latent variable models, such as latent class and distance models: It is shown mathematically that any latent class or distance model has a representation as an eigenmodel, but not vice-versa. The practical implications of this are examined in the context of three real datasets, for which the eigenmodel has as good or better out-of-sample predictive performance than the other two models.
stat.ME
this article discusses a latent variable model for inference and prediction of symmetric relational data the model based on the idea of the eigenvalue decomposition represents the relationship between two nodes as the weighted innerproduct of nodespecific vectors of latent characteristics this eigenmodel generalizes other popular latent variable models such as latent class and distance models it is shown mathematically that any latent class or distance model has a representation as an eigenmodel but not viceversa the practical implications of this are examined in the context of three real datasets for which the eigenmodel has as good or better outofsample predictive performance than the other two models
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711.1147
A discrete variational identity on semi-direct sums of Lie algebras
The discrete variational identity under general bilinear forms on semi-direct sums of Lie algebras is established. The constant $\gamma$ involved in the variational identity is determined through the corresponding solution to the stationary discrete zero curvature equation. An application of the resulting variational identity to a class of semi-direct sums of Lie algebras in the Volterra lattice case furnishes Hamiltonian structures for the associated integrable couplings of the Volterra lattice hierarchy.
nlin.SI math-ph math.MP nlin.PS physics.class-ph
the discrete variational identity under general bilinear forms on semidirect sums of lie algebras is established the constant gamma involved in the variational identity is determined through the corresponding solution to the stationary discrete zero curvature equation an application of the resulting variational identity to a class of semidirect sums of lie algebras in the volterra lattice case furnishes hamiltonian structures for the associated integrable couplings of the volterra lattice hierarchy
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711.1148
On the Kert\'esz line: Thermodynamic versus Geometric Criticality
The critical behaviour of the Ising model in the absence of an external magnetic field can be specified either through spontaneous symmetry breaking (thermal criticality) or through cluster percolation (geometric criticality). We extend this to finite external fields for the case of the Potts' model, showing that a geometric analysis leads to the same first order/second order structure as found in thermodynamic studies. We calculate the Kert\'esz line, separating percolating and non-percolating regimes, both analytically and numerically for the Potts model in presence of an external magnetic field.
cond-mat.stat-mech
the critical behaviour of the ising model in the absence of an external magnetic field can be specified either through spontaneous symmetry breaking thermal criticality or through cluster percolation geometric criticality we extend this to finite external fields for the case of the potts model showing that a geometric analysis leads to the same first ordersecond order structure as found in thermodynamic studies we calculate the kertesz line separating percolating and nonpercolating regimes both analytically and numerically for the potts model in presence of an external magnetic field
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711.1149
Stein or Milnor fillability and cohomology
I have withdrawn the paper, after having incorporated it into the paper arXiv:0712.3484. In the meantime I have discovered that one of the theorems proved in the paper had already been proved by Durfee & Hain.
math.CV math.SG
i have withdrawn the paper after having incorporated it into the paper arxiv07123484 in the meantime i have discovered that one of the theorems proved in the paper had already been proved by durfee hain
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711.115
Junction Conditions in f(R) Theories of Gravity
Taking advantage of the conformal equivalence of f(R) theories of gravity with General Relativity coupled to a scalar field we generalize the Israel junction conditions for this class of theories by direct integration of the field equations. We suggest a specific non-minimal coupling of matter to gravity which opens the possibility of a new class of braneworld scenarios.
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
taking advantage of the conformal equivalence of fr theories of gravity with general relativity coupled to a scalar field we generalize the israel junction conditions for this class of theories by direct integration of the field equations we suggest a specific nonminimal coupling of matter to gravity which opens the possibility of a new class of braneworld scenarios
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711.1151
Projections, Entropy and Sumsets
In this paper we have shall generalize Shearer's entropy inequality and its recent extensions by Madiman and Tetali, and shall apply projection inequalities to deduce extensions of some of the inequalities concerning sums of sets of integers proved recently by Gyarmati, Matolcsi and Ruzsa. We shall also discuss projection and entropy inequalities and their connections.
math.CO math.NT math.PR
in this paper we have shall generalize shearers entropy inequality and its recent extensions by madiman and tetali and shall apply projection inequalities to deduce extensions of some of the inequalities concerning sums of sets of integers proved recently by gyarmati matolcsi and ruzsa we shall also discuss projection and entropy inequalities and their connections
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711.1152
Near-Infrared Mapping and Physical Properties of the Dwarf-Planet Ceres
We study the physical characteristics (shape, dimensions, spin axis direction, albedo maps, mineralogy) of the dwarf-planet Ceres based on high-angular resolution near-infrared observations. We analyze adaptive optics J/H/K imaging observations of Ceres performed at Keck II Observatory in September 2002 with an equivalent spatial resolution of ~50 km. The spectral behavior of the main geological features present on Ceres is compared with laboratory samples. Ceres' shape can be described by an oblate spheroid (a = b = 479.7 +/- 2.3 km, c = 444.4 +/- 2.1 km) with EQJ2000.0 spin vector coordinates RA = 288 +/- 5 deg. and DEC = +66 +/- 5 deg. Ceres sidereal period is measured to be 9.0741 +/- 0.0001 h. We image surface features with diameters in the 50-180 km range and an albedo contrast of ~6% with respect to the average Ceres albedo. The spectral behavior of the brightest regions on Ceres is consistent with phyllosilicates and carbonate compounds. Darker isolated regions could be related to the presence of frost.
astro-ph
we study the physical characteristics shape dimensions spin axis direction albedo maps mineralogy of the dwarfplanet ceres based on highangular resolution nearinfrared observations we analyze adaptive optics jhk imaging observations of ceres performed at keck ii observatory in september 2002 with an equivalent spatial resolution of 50 km the spectral behavior of the main geological features present on ceres is compared with laboratory samples ceres shape can be described by an oblate spheroid a b 4797 23 km c 4444 21 km with eqj20000 spin vector coordinates ra 288 5 deg and dec 66 5 deg ceres sidereal period is measured to be 90741 00001 h we image surface features with diameters in the 50180 km range and an albedo contrast of 6 with respect to the average ceres albedo the spectral behavior of the brightest regions on ceres is consistent with phyllosilicates and carbonate compounds darker isolated regions could be related to the presence of frost
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711.1153
Estimating the trace-free Ricci tensor in Ricci flow
An important and natural question in the analysis of Ricci flow singularity formation in dimensions four and above is as follows: What are the weakest conditions that provide control of the norm of the Riemann curvature tensor? In this short note, we show that on a compact manifold, the trace-free Ricci tensor is controlled in a precise fashion by the other components of the irreducible decomposition of the curvature tensor, without any hypotheses on the initial data.
math.DG math.AP
an important and natural question in the analysis of ricci flow singularity formation in dimensions four and above is as follows what are the weakest conditions that provide control of the norm of the riemann curvature tensor in this short note we show that on a compact manifold the tracefree ricci tensor is controlled in a precise fashion by the other components of the irreducible decomposition of the curvature tensor without any hypotheses on the initial data
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711.1154
Bounds on the Simplest Little Higgs Model Mass Spectrum Through Z Leptonic Decay
We derive the leptonic neutral current in the simplest little Higgs model and compute the contribution of the model to the decay width $Z \to e^+e^-$. Using the precision electroweak data we obtain a strong lower bound $f\geq 5.6$ TeV at 95% C.L. on the characteristic energy scale of the model. It results in a lower bound for the new gauge bosons $W^{\prime\pm}$ and $Z^{\prime}$ as being $M_{W^{\prime\pm}}\geq 2.6$ TeV and $M_{Z^{\prime}}\geq 3.1$ TeV, respectively. We also present the allowed values of the $k=f_1/f_2$ which is the parameter relating the two vacuum expectation values of the scalar triplets in the model, and the $\mu$ parameter of a quadratic term, involving the triplets, necessary to provide an acceptable mass range for the standard Higgs boson.
hep-ph
we derive the leptonic neutral current in the simplest little higgs model and compute the contribution of the model to the decay width z to ee using the precision electroweak data we obtain a strong lower bound fgeq 56 tev at 95 cl on the characteristic energy scale of the model it results in a lower bound for the new gauge bosons wprimepm and zprime as being m_wprimepmgeq 26 tev and m_zprimegeq 31 tev respectively we also present the allowed values of the kf_1f_2 which is the parameter relating the two vacuum expectation values of the scalar triplets in the model and the mu parameter of a quadratic term involving the triplets necessary to provide an acceptable mass range for the standard higgs boson
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711.1155
L^2 Castelnuovo-de Franchis, the cup product lemma, and filtered ends of Kaehler manifolds
Simple approaches to the proofs of the L^2 Castelnuovo-de Franchis theorem and the cup product lemma which give new versions are developed. For example, suppose u and v are two linearly independent closed holomorphic 1-forms on a bounded geometry connected complete Kaehler manifold X with v in L^2. According to a version of the L^2 Castelnuovo-de Franchis theorem obtained in this paper, if u and v are pointwise linearly dependent, then there exists a surjective proper holomorphic mapping of X onto a Riemann surface for which u and v are pull-backs. Previous versions required both forms to be in L^2.
math.DG math.CV
simple approaches to the proofs of the l2 castelnuovode franchis theorem and the cup product lemma which give new versions are developed for example suppose u and v are two linearly independent closed holomorphic 1forms on a bounded geometry connected complete kaehler manifold x with v in l2 according to a version of the l2 castelnuovode franchis theorem obtained in this paper if u and v are pointwise linearly dependent then there exists a surjective proper holomorphic mapping of x onto a riemann surface for which u and v are pullbacks previous versions required both forms to be in l2
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711.1156
NMR Analog of Bell's Inequalities Violation Test
In this paper we present an analog of the Bell's inequalities violation test for $N$ qubits to be performed in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer. This can be used to simulate or predict results for different Bell's inequalities tests, with distinct configurations and larger number of qubits. To demonstrate our scheme, we implemented a simulation of the violation of Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt (CHSH) inequality using a two qubit NMR system and compared the results to those of a photon experiment. The experimental results are well described by Quantum Mechanics theory and a Local Realistic Hidden Variables model which was specially developed for NMR. That is why we refer to this experiment as a {\it simulation} of the Bell's inequality violation. Our result shows explicitly how both theories can be compatible to each other due the detection loophole. In the last part of this work we discuss the possibility of testing fundamental features of quantum mechanics using NMR with highly polarized spins, where a strong discrepancy between quantum mechanics and hidden variables models can be expected.
quant-ph
in this paper we present an analog of the bells inequalities violation test for n qubits to be performed in a nuclear magnetic resonance nmr quantum computer this can be used to simulate or predict results for different bells inequalities tests with distinct configurations and larger number of qubits to demonstrate our scheme we implemented a simulation of the violation of clauser horne shimony and holt chsh inequality using a two qubit nmr system and compared the results to those of a photon experiment the experimental results are well described by quantum mechanics theory and a local realistic hidden variables model which was specially developed for nmr that is why we refer to this experiment as a it simulation of the bells inequality violation our result shows explicitly how both theories can be compatible to each other due the detection loophole in the last part of this work we discuss the possibility of testing fundamental features of quantum mechanics using nmr with highly polarized spins where a strong discrepancy between quantum mechanics and hidden variables models can be expected
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711.1157
Toward a Unit Distance Embedding for the Heawood graph
The unit distance embeddability of a graph, like planarity, involves a mix of constraints that are combinatorial and geometric. We construct a unit distance embedding for $H-e$ in the hope that it will lead to an embedding for $H$. We then investigate analytical methods for a general decision procedure for testing unit distance embeddability.
math.CO
the unit distance embeddability of a graph like planarity involves a mix of constraints that are combinatorial and geometric we construct a unit distance embedding for he in the hope that it will lead to an embedding for h we then investigate analytical methods for a general decision procedure for testing unit distance embeddability
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711.1158
Parsec-scale Magnetic-Field Structures in HEAO-1 BL Lacs
We present very long baseline interferometry polarization images of an X-ray selected sample of BL Lacertae objects belonging to the first High Energy Astronomy Observatory (HEAO-1) and the ROSAT-Green Bank (RGB) surveys. These are primarily high-energy-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) and exhibit core-jet radio morphologies on pc-scales. They show moderately polarized jet components, similar to those of low-energy-peaked BL Lacs (LBLs). The fractional polarization in the unresolved cores of the HBLs is, on average, lower than in the LBLs, while the fractional polarizations in the pc-scale jets of HBLs and LBLs are comparable. However a difference is observed in the orientation of the inferred jet magnetic fields -- while LBL jets are well-known to preferentially exhibit transverse magnetic fields, the HBL jets tend to display longitudinal magnetic fields. Although a `spine-sheath' jet velocity structure, along with larger viewing angles for HBLs could produce the observed magnetic field configuration, differences in other properties of LBLs and HBLs, such as their total radio power, cannot be fully reconciled with the different-angle scenario alone. Instead it appears that LBLs and HBLs differ intrinsically, perhaps in the spin rates of their central black holes.
astro-ph
we present very long baseline interferometry polarization images of an xray selected sample of bl lacertae objects belonging to the first high energy astronomy observatory heao1 and the rosatgreen bank rgb surveys these are primarily highenergypeaked bl lacs hbls and exhibit corejet radio morphologies on pcscales they show moderately polarized jet components similar to those of lowenergypeaked bl lacs lbls the fractional polarization in the unresolved cores of the hbls is on average lower than in the lbls while the fractional polarizations in the pcscale jets of hbls and lbls are comparable however a difference is observed in the orientation of the inferred jet magnetic fields while lbl jets are wellknown to preferentially exhibit transverse magnetic fields the hbl jets tend to display longitudinal magnetic fields although a spinesheath jet velocity structure along with larger viewing angles for hbls could produce the observed magnetic field configuration differences in other properties of lbls and hbls such as their total radio power cannot be fully reconciled with the differentangle scenario alone instead it appears that lbls and hbls differ intrinsically perhaps in the spin rates of their central black holes
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711.1159
Entropy of String States at fixed Mass and Size
We provide formulas for the entropy of free-string states depending on their mass, charges and size, both in bosonic and superstring theory (IIA or IIB). We properly define these quantities in full-fledged string theory. We then investigate the corrections to the entropy due to self-interactions of the string for states with fixed mass, charge and size, both for BPS and non-BPS configurations. Again, the analysis is performed using string theory techniques.
hep-th gr-qc
we provide formulas for the entropy of freestring states depending on their mass charges and size both in bosonic and superstring theory iia or iib we properly define these quantities in fullfledged string theory we then investigate the corrections to the entropy due to selfinteractions of the string for states with fixed mass charge and size both for bps and nonbps configurations again the analysis is performed using string theory techniques
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711.116
On rigidity and the isomorphism problem for tree braid groups
We solve the isomorphism problem for braid groups on trees with $n = 4$ or 5 strands. We do so in three main steps, each of which is interesting in its own right. First, we establish some tools and terminology for dealing with computations using the cohomology of tree braid groups, couching our discussion in the language of differential forms. Second, we show that, given a tree braid group $B_nT$ on $n = 4$ or 5 strands, $H^*(B_nT)$ is an exterior face algebra. Finally, we prove that one may reconstruct the tree $T$ from a tree braid group $B_nT$ for $n = 4$ or 5. Among other corollaries, this third step shows that, when $n = 4$ or 5, tree braid groups $B_nT$ and trees $T$ (up to homeomorphism) are in bijective correspondence. That such a bijection exists is not true for higher dimensional spaces, and is an artifact of the 1-dimensionality of trees. We end by stating the results for right-angled Artin groups corresponding to the main theorems, some of which do not yet appear in the literature.
math.GR math.AT
we solve the isomorphism problem for braid groups on trees with n 4 or 5 strands we do so in three main steps each of which is interesting in its own right first we establish some tools and terminology for dealing with computations using the cohomology of tree braid groups couching our discussion in the language of differential forms second we show that given a tree braid group b_nt on n 4 or 5 strands hb_nt is an exterior face algebra finally we prove that one may reconstruct the tree t from a tree braid group b_nt for n 4 or 5 among other corollaries this third step shows that when n 4 or 5 tree braid groups b_nt and trees t up to homeomorphism are in bijective correspondence that such a bijection exists is not true for higher dimensional spaces and is an artifact of the 1dimensionality of trees we end by stating the results for rightangled artin groups corresponding to the main theorems some of which do not yet appear in the literature
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711.1161
Joint Source-Channel Codes for MIMO Block Fading Channels
We consider transmission of a continuous amplitude source over an L-block Rayleigh fading $M_t \times M_r$ MIMO channel when the channel state information is only available at the receiver. Since the channel is not ergodic, Shannon's source-channel separation theorem becomes obsolete and the optimal performance requires a joint source -channel approach. Our goal is to minimize the expected end-to-end distortion, particularly in the high SNR regime. The figure of merit is the distortion exponent, defined as the exponential decay rate of the expected distortion with increasing SNR. We provide an upper bound and lower bounds for the distortion exponent with respect to the bandwidth ratio among the channel and source bandwidths. For the lower bounds, we analyze three different strategies based on layered source coding concatenated with progressive, superposition or hybrid digital/analog transmission. In each case, by adjusting the system parameters we optimize the distortion exponent as a function of the bandwidth ratio. We prove that the distortion exponent upper bound can be achieved when the channel has only one degree of freedom, that is L=1, and $\min\{M_t,M_r\}=1$. When we have more degrees of freedom, our achievable distortion exponents meet the upper bound for only certain ranges of the bandwidth ratio. We demonstrate that our results, which were derived for a complex Gaussian source, can be extended to more general source distributions as well.
cs.IT math.IT
we consider transmission of a continuous amplitude source over an lblock rayleigh fading m_t times m_r mimo channel when the channel state information is only available at the receiver since the channel is not ergodic shannons sourcechannel separation theorem becomes obsolete and the optimal performance requires a joint source channel approach our goal is to minimize the expected endtoend distortion particularly in the high snr regime the figure of merit is the distortion exponent defined as the exponential decay rate of the expected distortion with increasing snr we provide an upper bound and lower bounds for the distortion exponent with respect to the bandwidth ratio among the channel and source bandwidths for the lower bounds we analyze three different strategies based on layered source coding concatenated with progressive superposition or hybrid digitalanalog transmission in each case by adjusting the system parameters we optimize the distortion exponent as a function of the bandwidth ratio we prove that the distortion exponent upper bound can be achieved when the channel has only one degree of freedom that is l1 and minm_tm_r1 when we have more degrees of freedom our achievable distortion exponents meet the upper bound for only certain ranges of the bandwidth ratio we demonstrate that our results which were derived for a complex gaussian source can be extended to more general source distributions as well
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711.1162
The formation of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies and nucleated dwarf galaxies
Ultra compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) have similar properties as massive globular clusters or the nuclei of nucleated galaxies. Recent observations suggesting a high dark matter content and a steep spatial distribution within groups and clusters provide new clues as to their origins. We perform high-resolution N-body / smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations designed to elucidate two possible formation mechanisms for these systems: the merging of globular clusters in the centre of a dark matter halo, or the massively stripped remnant of a nucleated galaxy. Both models produce density profiles as well as the half light radii that can fit the observational constraints. However, we show that the first scenario results to UCDs that are underluminous and contain no dark matter. This is because the sinking process ejects most of the dark matter particles from the halo centre. Stripped nuclei give a more promising explanation, especially if the nuclei form via the sinking of gas, funneled down inner galactic bars, since this process enhances the central dark matter content. Even when the entire disk is tidally stripped away, the nucleus stays intact and can remain dark matter dominated even after severe stripping. Total galaxy disruption beyond the nuclei only occurs on certain orbits and depends on the amount of dissipation during nuclei formation. By comparing the total disruption of CDM subhaloes in a cluster potential we demonstrate that this model also leads to the observed spatial distribution of UCDs which can be tested in more detail with larger data sets.
astro-ph
ultra compact dwarf galaxies ucds have similar properties as massive globular clusters or the nuclei of nucleated galaxies recent observations suggesting a high dark matter content and a steep spatial distribution within groups and clusters provide new clues as to their origins we perform highresolution nbody smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations designed to elucidate two possible formation mechanisms for these systems the merging of globular clusters in the centre of a dark matter halo or the massively stripped remnant of a nucleated galaxy both models produce density profiles as well as the half light radii that can fit the observational constraints however we show that the first scenario results to ucds that are underluminous and contain no dark matter this is because the sinking process ejects most of the dark matter particles from the halo centre stripped nuclei give a more promising explanation especially if the nuclei form via the sinking of gas funneled down inner galactic bars since this process enhances the central dark matter content even when the entire disk is tidally stripped away the nucleus stays intact and can remain dark matter dominated even after severe stripping total galaxy disruption beyond the nuclei only occurs on certain orbits and depends on the amount of dissipation during nuclei formation by comparing the total disruption of cdm subhaloes in a cluster potential we demonstrate that this model also leads to the observed spatial distribution of ucds which can be tested in more detail with larger data sets
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711.1163
Implications for the Origin of GRB 070201 from LIGO Observations
We analyzed the available LIGO data coincident with GRB 070201, a short duration hard spectrum gamma-ray burst whose electromagnetically determined sky position is coincident with the spiral arms of the Andromeda galaxy (M31). Possible progenitors of such short hard GRBs include mergers of neutron stars or a neutron star and black hole, or soft gamma-ray repeater (SGR) flares. These events can be accompanied by gravitational-wave emission. No plausible gravitational wave candidates were found within a 180 s long window around the time of GRB 070201. This result implies that a compact binary progenitor of GRB 070201, with masses in the range 1 M_sun < m_1 < 3 M_sun and 1 M_sun < m_2 < 40 M_sun, located in M31 is excluded at >99% confidence. Indeed, if GRB 070201 were caused by a binary neutron star merger, we find that D < 3.5 Mpc is excluded, assuming random inclination, at 90% confidence. The result also implies that an unmodeled gravitational wave burst from GRB 070201 most probably emitted less than 4.4 x 10^(-4) M_sun c^2 (7.9 x 10^(50) ergs) in any 100 ms long period within the signal region if the source was in M31 and radiated isotropically at the same frequency as LIGO's peak sensitivity (f ~ 150 Hz). This upper limit does not exclude current models of SGRs at the M31 distance.
astro-ph gr-qc
we analyzed the available ligo data coincident with grb 070201 a short duration hard spectrum gammaray burst whose electromagnetically determined sky position is coincident with the spiral arms of the andromeda galaxy m31 possible progenitors of such short hard grbs include mergers of neutron stars or a neutron star and black hole or soft gammaray repeater sgr flares these events can be accompanied by gravitationalwave emission no plausible gravitational wave candidates were found within a 180 s long window around the time of grb 070201 this result implies that a compact binary progenitor of grb 070201 with masses in the range 1 m_sun m_1 3 m_sun and 1 m_sun m_2 40 m_sun located in m31 is excluded at 99 confidence indeed if grb 070201 were caused by a binary neutron star merger we find that d 35 mpc is excluded assuming random inclination at 90 confidence the result also implies that an unmodeled gravitational wave burst from grb 070201 most probably emitted less than 44 x 104 m_sun c2 79 x 1050 ergs in any 100 ms long period within the signal region if the source was in m31 and radiated isotropically at the same frequency as ligos peak sensitivity f 150 hz this upper limit does not exclude current models of sgrs at the m31 distance
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711.1164
Hypervelocity A & B Stars should be slow rotators
The most commonly accepted explanation for the origin of hypervelocity stars in the halo of the Milky Way is that they are the result of tidal disruption of binaries by the massive black hole at the center of the Galaxy. We show that, if this scenario is correct, and if the original binary properties are similar to those in the local stellar neighbourhood, then the hypervelocity stars should rotate with velocities measureably lower than those for field stars of similar spectral type. This may prove to be a more direct test of the model than trying to predict the position and velocity distributions.
astro-ph
the most commonly accepted explanation for the origin of hypervelocity stars in the halo of the milky way is that they are the result of tidal disruption of binaries by the massive black hole at the center of the galaxy we show that if this scenario is correct and if the original binary properties are similar to those in the local stellar neighbourhood then the hypervelocity stars should rotate with velocities measureably lower than those for field stars of similar spectral type this may prove to be a more direct test of the model than trying to predict the position and velocity distributions
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711.1165
Foundations of multiple black hole evolutions
We present techniques for long-term, stable, and accurate evolutions of multiple-black-hole spacetimes using the `moving puncture' approach with fourth- and eighth-order finite difference stencils. We use these techniques to explore configurations of three black holes in a hierarchical system consisting of a third black hole approaching a quasi-circular black-hole binary, and find that, depending on the size of the binary, the resulting encounter may lead to a prompt merger of all three black holes, production of a highly elliptical binary (with the third black hole remaining unbound), or disruption of the binary (leading to three free black holes). We also analyze the classical Burrau three-body problem using full numerical evolutions. In both cases, we find behaviors distinctly different from Newtonian predictions, which has important implications for N-body black-hole simulations. For our simulations we use analytic approximate data. We find that the eighth-order stencils significantly reduce the numerical errors for our choice of grid sizes, and that the approximate initial data produces the expected waveforms (after a rescaling of the puncture masses) for black-hole binaries with modest initial separations.
gr-qc astro-ph
we present techniques for longterm stable and accurate evolutions of multipleblackhole spacetimes using the moving puncture approach with fourth and eighthorder finite difference stencils we use these techniques to explore configurations of three black holes in a hierarchical system consisting of a third black hole approaching a quasicircular blackhole binary and find that depending on the size of the binary the resulting encounter may lead to a prompt merger of all three black holes production of a highly elliptical binary with the third black hole remaining unbound or disruption of the binary leading to three free black holes we also analyze the classical burrau threebody problem using full numerical evolutions in both cases we find behaviors distinctly different from newtonian predictions which has important implications for nbody blackhole simulations for our simulations we use analytic approximate data we find that the eighthorder stencils significantly reduce the numerical errors for our choice of grid sizes and that the approximate initial data produces the expected waveforms after a rescaling of the puncture masses for blackhole binaries with modest initial separations
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711.1166
Lagrangean stability of slow dynamos in compact 3D Riemannian manifolds
Modifications on a recently introduced fast dynamo operator by Chiconne et al [Comm Math Phys 173, 379 (1995)] in compact 3D Riemannian manifolds allows us to shown that slow dynamos are Lagrangean stable, in the sense that the sectional curvature of the Riemann manifold vanishes. The stability of the holonomic filament in this manifold will depend upon the sign of the second derivative of the pressure along the filament and in the non-holonomic case, to the normal pressure of the filament. Lagrangean instability is also investigated in this case and again an dynamo operator can be defined in this case. Negative curvature (Anosov flows) dynamos are also discussed in their stability aspects.
astro-ph
modifications on a recently introduced fast dynamo operator by chiconne et al comm math phys 173 379 1995 in compact 3d riemannian manifolds allows us to shown that slow dynamos are lagrangean stable in the sense that the sectional curvature of the riemann manifold vanishes the stability of the holonomic filament in this manifold will depend upon the sign of the second derivative of the pressure along the filament and in the nonholonomic case to the normal pressure of the filament lagrangean instability is also investigated in this case and again an dynamo operator can be defined in this case negative curvature anosov flows dynamos are also discussed in their stability aspects
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711.1167
The Dust Content of Galaxy Clusters
We report on the detection of reddening toward z ~ 0.2 galaxy clusters. This is measured by correlating the Sloan Digital Sky Survey cluster and quasar catalogs and by comparing the photometric and spectroscopic properties of quasars behind the clusters to those in the field. We find mean E(B-V) values of a few times 10^-3 mag for sight lines passing ~Mpc from the clusters' center. The reddening curve is typical of dust but cannot be used to distinguish between different dust types. The radial dependence of the extinction is shallow near the cluster center suggesting that most of the detected dust lies at the outskirts of the clusters. Gravitational magnification of background z ~ 1.7 sources seen on Mpc (projected) scales around the clusters is found to be of order a few per cent, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. Contamination by different spectral properties of the lensed quasar population is unlikely but cannot be excluded.
astro-ph
we report on the detection of reddening toward z 02 galaxy clusters this is measured by correlating the sloan digital sky survey cluster and quasar catalogs and by comparing the photometric and spectroscopic properties of quasars behind the clusters to those in the field we find mean ebv values of a few times 103 mag for sight lines passing mpc from the clusters center the reddening curve is typical of dust but cannot be used to distinguish between different dust types the radial dependence of the extinction is shallow near the cluster center suggesting that most of the detected dust lies at the outskirts of the clusters gravitational magnification of background z 17 sources seen on mpc projected scales around the clusters is found to be of order a few per cent in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions contamination by different spectral properties of the lensed quasar population is unlikely but cannot be excluded
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711.1168
Tuning impurity states in bilayer graphene
We study the impurity states in bilayer graphene in the unitary limit using Green's function method. Unlike in single layer graphene, the presence of impurities at two non-equivalent sites in bilayer graphene produce different impurity states which is understood as the change in the band structure due to interlayer hopping of electrons. The impurity states can also be tuned by changing the band structure of bilayer grahene through external electric field bias.
cond-mat.str-el
we study the impurity states in bilayer graphene in the unitary limit using greens function method unlike in single layer graphene the presence of impurities at two nonequivalent sites in bilayer graphene produce different impurity states which is understood as the change in the band structure due to interlayer hopping of electrons the impurity states can also be tuned by changing the band structure of bilayer grahene through external electric field bias
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711.1169
Monte Carlo simulations of pulse propagation in massive multichannel optical fiber communication systems
We study the combined effect of delayed Raman response and bit pattern randomness on pulse propagation in massive multichannel optical fiber communication systems. The propagation is described by a perturbed stochastic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, which takes into account changes in pulse amplitude and frequency as well as emission of continuous radiation. We perform extensive numerical simulations with the model, and analyze the dynamics of the frequency moments, the bit-error-rate, and the mutual distribution of amplitude and position. The results of our numerical simulations are in good agreement with theoretical predictions based on the adiabatic perturbation approach.
nlin.PS
we study the combined effect of delayed raman response and bit pattern randomness on pulse propagation in massive multichannel optical fiber communication systems the propagation is described by a perturbed stochastic nonlinear schrodinger equation which takes into account changes in pulse amplitude and frequency as well as emission of continuous radiation we perform extensive numerical simulations with the model and analyze the dynamics of the frequency moments the biterrorrate and the mutual distribution of amplitude and position the results of our numerical simulations are in good agreement with theoretical predictions based on the adiabatic perturbation approach
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711.117
The origin and evolution of dust in high-redshift galaxies
Dusty hyperluminous galaxies in the early universe provide unique environments for studying the role of massive stars in the formation and destruction of dust. At redshifts above 6, when the universe was less than 1 Gyr old, dust could have only condensed in the explosive ejecta of Type II supernovae (SNe), since most of the progenitors of the AGB stars, the major alternative source of interstellar dust, did not have time to evolve off the main sequence. We present analytical models for the evolution of the gas, dust, and metals in high redshift galaxies, with a special application to SDSS J1148+5251, a hyperluminous quasar at z = 6.4. We show that an average SN must condense at least 1 Msun of dust to account for the mass of dust in this object, when grain destruction by supernova remnants (SNRs) is taken into account. This required yield is in excess of ~0.05 Msun, the largest mass of dust inferred from infrared observations of Cas A. If the yield of Cas A is typical, then other processes, such as accretion onto preexisting grains in molecular clouds is needed to produce the mass of dust in J1148+5251. For such process to be effective, SNR must significantly increase, presumably by non-evaporative grain-grain collisions during the late stages of their evolution, the number of nucleation centers onto which refractory elements can condense in molecular clouds.
astro-ph
dusty hyperluminous galaxies in the early universe provide unique environments for studying the role of massive stars in the formation and destruction of dust at redshifts above 6 when the universe was less than 1 gyr old dust could have only condensed in the explosive ejecta of type ii supernovae sne since most of the progenitors of the agb stars the major alternative source of interstellar dust did not have time to evolve off the main sequence we present analytical models for the evolution of the gas dust and metals in high redshift galaxies with a special application to sdss j11485251 a hyperluminous quasar at z 64 we show that an average sn must condense at least 1 msun of dust to account for the mass of dust in this object when grain destruction by supernova remnants snrs is taken into account this required yield is in excess of 005 msun the largest mass of dust inferred from infrared observations of cas a if the yield of cas a is typical then other processes such as accretion onto preexisting grains in molecular clouds is needed to produce the mass of dust in j11485251 for such process to be effective snr must significantly increase presumably by nonevaporative graingrain collisions during the late stages of their evolution the number of nucleation centers onto which refractory elements can condense in molecular clouds
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711.1171
Spatially Resolved Galaxy Star Formation and its Environmental Dependence I
We use the photometric information contained in individual pixels of 44,964 (0.019<z<0.125 and -23.5<M_r<-20.5) galaxies in the Fourth Data Release (DR4) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to investigate the effects of environment on galaxy star formation (SF). We use the pixel-z technique, which combines stellar population synthesis models with photometric redshift template fitting on the scale of individual pixels in galaxy images. Spectral energy distributions are constructed, sampling a wide range of properties such as age, star formation rate (SFR), dust obscuration and metallicity. By summing the SFRs in the pixels, we demonstrate that the distribution of total galaxy SFR shifts to lower values as the local density of surrounding galaxies increases, as found in other studies. The effect is most prominent in the galaxies with the highest star formation, and we see the break in the SFR-density relation at a local galaxy density of $\approx 0.05 $(Mpc/h)$^{-3}$. Since our method allows us to spatially resolve the SF distribution within galaxies, we can calculate the mean SFR of each galaxy as a function of radius. We find that on average the mean SFR is dominated by SF in the central regions of galaxies, and that the trend for suppression of SFR in high density environments is driven by a reduction in this nuclear SF. We also find that the mean SFR in the outskirts is largely independent of environmental effects. This trend in the mean SFR is shared by galaxies which are highly star forming, while those which are weakly star forming show no statistically significant correlation between their environment and the mean SFR at any radius.
astro-ph
we use the photometric information contained in individual pixels of 44964 0019z0125 and 235m_r205 galaxies in the fourth data release dr4 of the sloan digital sky survey to investigate the effects of environment on galaxy star formation sf we use the pixelz technique which combines stellar population synthesis models with photometric redshift template fitting on the scale of individual pixels in galaxy images spectral energy distributions are constructed sampling a wide range of properties such as age star formation rate sfr dust obscuration and metallicity by summing the sfrs in the pixels we demonstrate that the distribution of total galaxy sfr shifts to lower values as the local density of surrounding galaxies increases as found in other studies the effect is most prominent in the galaxies with the highest star formation and we see the break in the sfrdensity relation at a local galaxy density of approx 005 mpch3 since our method allows us to spatially resolve the sf distribution within galaxies we can calculate the mean sfr of each galaxy as a function of radius we find that on average the mean sfr is dominated by sf in the central regions of galaxies and that the trend for suppression of sfr in high density environments is driven by a reduction in this nuclear sf we also find that the mean sfr in the outskirts is largely independent of environmental effects this trend in the mean sfr is shared by galaxies which are highly star forming while those which are weakly star forming show no statistically significant correlation between their environment and the mean sfr at any radius
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711.1172
Transmission phase of a singly occupied quantum dot in the Kondo regime
We report on the phase measurements on a quantum dot containing a single electron in the Kondo regime. Transport takes place through a single orbital state. Although the conductance is far from the unitary limit, we measure for the first time, a transmission phase as theoretically predicted of \pi/2. As the dot's coupling to the leads is decreased, with the dot entering the Coulomb blockade regime, the phase reaches a value of \pi. Temperature shows little effect on the phase behaviour in the range 30--600 mK, even though both the two-terminal conductance and amplitude of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations are strongly affected. These results confirm that previous phase measurements involved transport through more than a single level.
cond-mat.mes-hall
we report on the phase measurements on a quantum dot containing a single electron in the kondo regime transport takes place through a single orbital state although the conductance is far from the unitary limit we measure for the first time a transmission phase as theoretically predicted of pi2 as the dots coupling to the leads is decreased with the dot entering the coulomb blockade regime the phase reaches a value of pi temperature shows little effect on the phase behaviour in the range 30600 mk even though both the twoterminal conductance and amplitude of the aharonovbohm oscillations are strongly affected these results confirm that previous phase measurements involved transport through more than a single level
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711.1173
Equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of systems with long-range interactions
We briefly review some equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of systems with long-range interactions. Such systems, which are characterized by a potential that weakly decays at large distances, have striking properties at equilibrium, like negative specific heat in the microcanonical ensemble, temperature jumps at first order phase transitions, broken ergodicity. Here, we mainly restrict our analysis to mean-field models, where particles globally interact with the same strength. We show that relaxation to equilibrium proceeds through quasi-stationary states whose duration increases with system size. We propose a theoretical explanation, based on Lynden-Bell's entropy, of this intriguing relaxation process. This allows to address problems related to nonequilibrium using an extension of standard equilibrium statistical mechanics. We discuss in some detail the example of the dynamics of the free electron laser, where the existence and features of quasi-stationary states is likely to be tested experimentally in the future. We conclude with some perspectives to study open problems and to find applications of these ideas to dipolar media.
cond-mat.stat-mech
we briefly review some equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of systems with longrange interactions such systems which are characterized by a potential that weakly decays at large distances have striking properties at equilibrium like negative specific heat in the microcanonical ensemble temperature jumps at first order phase transitions broken ergodicity here we mainly restrict our analysis to meanfield models where particles globally interact with the same strength we show that relaxation to equilibrium proceeds through quasistationary states whose duration increases with system size we propose a theoretical explanation based on lyndenbells entropy of this intriguing relaxation process this allows to address problems related to nonequilibrium using an extension of standard equilibrium statistical mechanics we discuss in some detail the example of the dynamics of the free electron laser where the existence and features of quasistationary states is likely to be tested experimentally in the future we conclude with some perspectives to study open problems and to find applications of these ideas to dipolar media
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711.1174
The space-time operator product expansion in string theory duals of field theories
We study the operator product expansion (OPE) limit of correlation functions in field theories which possess string theory duals, from the point of view of the string worldsheet. We show how the interesting ("single-trace") terms in the OPE of the field theory arise in this limit from the OPE of the worldsheet theory of the string dual, using a dominant saddle point which appears in computations of worldsheet correlation functions in the space-time OPE limit. The worldsheet OPE generically contains only non-physical operators, but all the non-physical contributions are resummed by the saddle point to a contribution similar to that of a physical operator, which exactly matches the field theory expectations. We verify that the OPE limit of the worldsheet theory does not have any other contributions to the OPE limit of space-time correlation functions. Our discussion is completely general and applies to any local field theory (conformal at high energies) that has a weakly coupled string theory dual (with arbitrary curvature). As a first application, we compare our results to a proposal of R. Gopakumar for the string theory dual of free gauge theories.
hep-th
we study the operator product expansion ope limit of correlation functions in field theories which possess string theory duals from the point of view of the string worldsheet we show how the interesting singletrace terms in the ope of the field theory arise in this limit from the ope of the worldsheet theory of the string dual using a dominant saddle point which appears in computations of worldsheet correlation functions in the spacetime ope limit the worldsheet ope generically contains only nonphysical operators but all the nonphysical contributions are resummed by the saddle point to a contribution similar to that of a physical operator which exactly matches the field theory expectations we verify that the ope limit of the worldsheet theory does not have any other contributions to the ope limit of spacetime correlation functions our discussion is completely general and applies to any local field theory conformal at high energies that has a weakly coupled string theory dual with arbitrary curvature as a first application we compare our results to a proposal of r gopakumar for the string theory dual of free gauge theories
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711.1175
Energy and System-Size Dependence of Long-Range Multiplicity Correlations from the STAR Experiment
A discussion of results for short and long-range multiplicity correlations (forward-backward) are presented for several systems (Au+Au, Cu+Cu, and pp) and energies (e.g. $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200, 62.4, and $\approx$ 20 GeV). These correlations are measured with increasing values of a gap in pseudorapidity, from no gap at midrapidity to a separation of 1.6 units ($|\eta|$ = 0.8). For the highest energy, central A+A collisions, the forward-backward correlation strength maintains a constant value across the measurement region. In peripheral collisions, at lower energies, and in pp data, the maximum appears at midrapidity. This result may indicate the possible formation of high density matter for central A+A collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.
nucl-ex
a discussion of results for short and longrange multiplicity correlations forwardbackward are presented for several systems auau cucu and pp and energies eg sqrts_nn 200 624 and approx 20 gev these correlations are measured with increasing values of a gap in pseudorapidity from no gap at midrapidity to a separation of 16 units eta 08 for the highest energy central aa collisions the forwardbackward correlation strength maintains a constant value across the measurement region in peripheral collisions at lower energies and in pp data the maximum appears at midrapidity this result may indicate the possible formation of high density matter for central aa collisions at sqrts_nn 200 gev
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711.1176
Towards 4-loop NSPT result for a 3-dimensional condensate-contribution to hot QCD pressure
Thanks to dimensional reduction, the contributions to the hot QCD pressure coming from so-called soft modes can be studied via an effective three-dimensional theory named Electrostatic QCD (spatial Yang-Mills fields plus an adjoint Higgs scalar). The poor convergence of the perturbative series within EQCD suggests to perform lattice measurements of some of the associated gluon condensates. These turn out, however, to be plagued by large discretization artifacts. We discuss how Numerical Stochastic Perturbation Theory can be exploited to determine the full lattice spacing dependence of one of these condensates up to 4-loop order, and sharpen our tools on a concrete 2-loop example.
hep-lat
thanks to dimensional reduction the contributions to the hot qcd pressure coming from socalled soft modes can be studied via an effective threedimensional theory named electrostatic qcd spatial yangmills fields plus an adjoint higgs scalar the poor convergence of the perturbative series within eqcd suggests to perform lattice measurements of some of the associated gluon condensates these turn out however to be plagued by large discretization artifacts we discuss how numerical stochastic perturbation theory can be exploited to determine the full lattice spacing dependence of one of these condensates up to 4loop order and sharpen our tools on a concrete 2loop example
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711.1177
Considerations on P vs NP
In order to prove that the P of problems is different to the NP class, we consider the satisfability problem of propositional calculus formulae, which is an NP-complete problem. It is shown that, for every search algorithm A, there is a set E(A) containing propositional calculus formulae, each of which requires the algorithm A to take non-polynomial time to find the truth-values of its propositional letters satisfying it. Moreover, E(A)'s size is an exponential function of n, which makes it impossible to detect such formulae in a polynomial time. Hence, the satisfability problem does not have a polynomial complexity
cs.CC cs.LO
in order to prove that the p of problems is different to the np class we consider the satisfability problem of propositional calculus formulae which is an npcomplete problem it is shown that for every search algorithm a there is a set ea containing propositional calculus formulae each of which requires the algorithm a to take nonpolynomial time to find the truthvalues of its propositional letters satisfying it moreover eas size is an exponential function of n which makes it impossible to detect such formulae in a polynomial time hence the satisfability problem does not have a polynomial complexity
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711.1178
Functional Determinants in Quantum Field Theory
Functional determinants of differential operators play a prominent role in theoretical and mathematical physics, and in particular in quantum field theory. They are, however, difficult to compute in non-trivial cases. For one dimensional problems, a classical result of Gel'fand and Yaglom dramatically simplifies the problem so that the functional determinant can be computed without computing the spectrum of eigenvalues. Here I report recent progress in extending this approach to higher dimensions (i.e., functional determinants of partial differential operators), with applications in quantum field theory.
hep-th
functional determinants of differential operators play a prominent role in theoretical and mathematical physics and in particular in quantum field theory they are however difficult to compute in nontrivial cases for one dimensional problems a classical result of gelfand and yaglom dramatically simplifies the problem so that the functional determinant can be computed without computing the spectrum of eigenvalues here i report recent progress in extending this approach to higher dimensions ie functional determinants of partial differential operators with applications in quantum field theory
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711.1179
Holographic glueball structure
We derive and systematically analyze scalar glueball correlation functions in both the hard-wall and dilaton soft-wall approximations to holographic QCD. The dynamical content of the holographic correlators is uncovered by examining their spectral density and by relating them to the operator product expansion, a dilatational low-energy theorem and a recently suggested two-dimensional power correction associated with the short-distance behavior of the heavy-quark potential. This approach provides holographic estimates for the three lowest-dimensional gluon condensates or alternatively their Wilson coefficients, the two leading moments of the instanton size distribution in the QCD vacuum and an effective UV gluon mass. A remarkable complementarity between the nonperturbative physics of the hard- and soft-wall correlators emerges, and their ability to describe detailed QCD results can be assessed quantitatively. We further provide the first holographic estimates for the decay constants of the 0++ glueball and its excitations. The hard-wall background turns out to encode more of the relevant QCD physics, and its prediction f ~ 0.8-0.9 GeV for the phenomenologically important ground state decay constant agrees inside errors with recent QCD sum rule and lattice results.
hep-ph hep-lat hep-th
we derive and systematically analyze scalar glueball correlation functions in both the hardwall and dilaton softwall approximations to holographic qcd the dynamical content of the holographic correlators is uncovered by examining their spectral density and by relating them to the operator product expansion a dilatational lowenergy theorem and a recently suggested twodimensional power correction associated with the shortdistance behavior of the heavyquark potential this approach provides holographic estimates for the three lowestdimensional gluon condensates or alternatively their wilson coefficients the two leading moments of the instanton size distribution in the qcd vacuum and an effective uv gluon mass a remarkable complementarity between the nonperturbative physics of the hard and softwall correlators emerges and their ability to describe detailed qcd results can be assessed quantitatively we further provide the first holographic estimates for the decay constants of the 0 glueball and its excitations the hardwall background turns out to encode more of the relevant qcd physics and its prediction f 0809 gev for the phenomenologically important ground state decay constant agrees inside errors with recent qcd sum rule and lattice results
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711.118
Convergence of Diagonal Ergodic Averages
Tao has recently proved that if $T_1,...,T_l$ are commuting, invertible, measure-preserving transformations on a dynamical system then for any $L^\infty$ functions $f_1,...,f_l$, the average $\frac{1}{N}\sum_{n=0}^{N-1}\prod_{i\leq l}f_i\circ T^n_i$ converges in the $L^2$ norm. Tao's proof is unusual in that it translates the problem into a more complicated statement about the combinatorics of finite spaces by using the Furstenberg correspondence "backwards". In this paper, we give an ergodic proof of this theorem, essentially a translation of Tao's argument to the ergodic setting. In order to do this, we develop two new variations on the usual Furstenberg correspondence, both of which take recurrence-type statements in one dynamical system and give equivalent statements in a different dynamical system with desirable properties.
math.DS math.LO
tao has recently proved that if t_1t_l are commuting invertible measurepreserving transformations on a dynamical system then for any linfty functions f_1f_l the average frac1nsum_n0n1prod_ileq lf_icirc tn_i converges in the l2 norm taos proof is unusual in that it translates the problem into a more complicated statement about the combinatorics of finite spaces by using the furstenberg correspondence backwards in this paper we give an ergodic proof of this theorem essentially a translation of taos argument to the ergodic setting in order to do this we develop two new variations on the usual furstenberg correspondence both of which take recurrencetype statements in one dynamical system and give equivalent statements in a different dynamical system with desirable properties
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711.1181
Gorenstein categories and Tate cohomology on projective schemes
We study Gorenstein categories. We show that such a category has Tate cohomological functors and Avramov-Martsinkovsky exact sequences connecting the Gorenstein relative, the absolute and the Tate cohomological functors. We show that such a category has what Hovey calls an injective model structure and also a projective model structure in case the category has enough projectives. As examples we show that if X is a locally Gorenstein projective scheme then the category Qco(X) of quasi-coherent sheaves on $X$ is such a category and so has these features.
math.CT math.AG
we study gorenstein categories we show that such a category has tate cohomological functors and avramovmartsinkovsky exact sequences connecting the gorenstein relative the absolute and the tate cohomological functors we show that such a category has what hovey calls an injective model structure and also a projective model structure in case the category has enough projectives as examples we show that if x is a locally gorenstein projective scheme then the category qcox of quasicoherent sheaves on x is such a category and so has these features
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711.1182
Conformal Graph Directed Markov Systems
We present the main concepts and results for Graph Directed Markov Systems that have a finitely irreducible incidence matrix. We then see how these results change when the incidence matrix is not assumed to be finitely irreducible.
math.DS
we present the main concepts and results for graph directed markov systems that have a finitely irreducible incidence matrix we then see how these results change when the incidence matrix is not assumed to be finitely irreducible
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711.1183
A Precise Measurement of the Muon Neutrino-Nucleon Inclusive Charged Current Cross-Section off an Isoscalar Target in the Energy Range 2.5 < E_\nu < 40 GeV by NOMAD
We present a measurement of the muon neutrino-nucleon inclusive charged current cross-section, off an isoscalar target, in the neutrino energy range $2.5 \leq E_\nu \leq 40$ GeV. The significance of this measurement is its precision, $\pm 4$% in $2.5 \leq E_\nu \leq 10$ GeV, and $\pm 2.6$% in $10 \leq E_\nu \leq 40$ GeV regions, where significant uncertainties in previous experiments still exist, and its importance to the current and proposed long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.
hep-ex
we present a measurement of the muon neutrinonucleon inclusive charged current crosssection off an isoscalar target in the neutrino energy range 25 leq e_nu leq 40 gev the significance of this measurement is its precision pm 4 in 25 leq e_nu leq 10 gev and pm 26 in 10 leq e_nu leq 40 gev regions where significant uncertainties in previous experiments still exist and its importance to the current and proposed long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments
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711.1184
Muonic atoms with extreme nuclear charge
Bound muons (also pions, kaons, etc) increase the fission barrier and produce some stabilizing effects for highly charged nuclei. If the binding energy of the muon exceeds $mc^2$, it becomes stable. The $1s$ state of a muon inside an exotic nucleus with atomic number $A= 5Z/2$ and such large charge $Z$ that the $1s$ energy $E$ is in the range $0\le E<-mc^2$ is considered.
physics.atom-ph hep-ph nucl-th
bound muons also pions kaons etc increase the fission barrier and produce some stabilizing effects for highly charged nuclei if the binding energy of the muon exceeds mc2 it becomes stable the 1s state of a muon inside an exotic nucleus with atomic number a 5z2 and such large charge z that the 1s energy e is in the range 0le emc2 is considered
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711.1185
Complete r-partite subgraphs of dense r-graphs
We determine how large r-partite graphs can be found in r-uniform graphs with n vertices and Cn^r edges, where C is a slowly decreasing function of n. This refines results of Erdos from 1964.
math.CO
we determine how large rpartite graphs can be found in runiform graphs with n vertices and cnr edges where c is a slowly decreasing function of n this refines results of erdos from 1964
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711.1186
Degree Complexity of a Family of Birational Maps
We compute the degree complexity of a family of birational mappings of the plane with high order singularities.
math.DS math.CV
we compute the degree complexity of a family of birational mappings of the plane with high order singularities
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711.1187
Anti-solar differential rotation and surface flow pattern on UZ Librae
We re-investigate UZ Librae spectra obtained at KPNO in 1998 and 2000. From the 1998 data we compose 11 consecutive Doppler images using the Ca I-6439, Fe I-6393 and Fe I-6411 lines. Applying the method of average cross-correlation of contiguous Doppler images we find anti-solar differential rotation with a surface shear of alpha ~ -0.03. The pilot application of the local correlation tracking technique for the same data qualitatively confirms this result and indicates complex flow pattern on the stellar surface. From the cross-correlation of the two available Doppler images in 2000 we also get anti-solar differential rotation but with a much weaker shear of alpha ~ -0.004.
astro-ph
we reinvestigate uz librae spectra obtained at kpno in 1998 and 2000 from the 1998 data we compose 11 consecutive doppler images using the ca i6439 fe i6393 and fe i6411 lines applying the method of average crosscorrelation of contiguous doppler images we find antisolar differential rotation with a surface shear of alpha 003 the pilot application of the local correlation tracking technique for the same data qualitatively confirms this result and indicates complex flow pattern on the stellar surface from the crosscorrelation of the two available doppler images in 2000 we also get antisolar differential rotation but with a much weaker shear of alpha 0004
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711.1188
Spatial random permutations and infinite cycles
We consider systems of spatial random permutations, where permutations are weighed according to the point locations. Infinite cycles are present at high densities. The critical density is given by an exact expression. We discuss the relation between the model of spatial permutations and the ideal and interacting quantum Bose gas.
math-ph math.MP
we consider systems of spatial random permutations where permutations are weighed according to the point locations infinite cycles are present at high densities the critical density is given by an exact expression we discuss the relation between the model of spatial permutations and the ideal and interacting quantum bose gas
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711.1189
Clique Minors in Cartesian Products of Graphs
A "clique minor" in a graph G can be thought of as a set of connected subgraphs in G that are pairwise disjoint and pairwise adjacent. The "Hadwiger number" h(G) is the maximum cardinality of a clique minor in G. This paper studies clique minors in the Cartesian product G*H. Our main result is a rough structural characterisation theorem for Cartesian products with bounded Hadwiger number. It implies that if the product of two sufficiently large graphs has bounded Hadwiger number then it is one of the following graphs: - a planar grid with a vortex of bounded width in the outerface, - a cylindrical grid with a vortex of bounded width in each of the two `big' faces, or - a toroidal grid. Motivation for studying the Hadwiger number of a graph includes Hadwiger's Conjecture, which states that the chromatic number chi(G) <= h(G). It is open whether Hadwiger's Conjecture holds for every Cartesian product. We prove that if |V(H)|-1 >= chi(G) >= chi(H) then Hadwiger's Conjecture holds for G*H. On the other hand, we prove that Hadwiger's Conjecture holds for all Cartesian products if and only if it holds for all G * K_2. We then show that h(G * K_2) is tied to the treewidth of G. We also develop connections with pseudoachromatic colourings and connected dominating sets that imply near-tight bounds on the Hadwiger number of grid graphs (Cartesian products of paths) and Hamming graphs (Cartesian products of cliques).
math.CO cs.DM
a clique minor in a graph g can be thought of as a set of connected subgraphs in g that are pairwise disjoint and pairwise adjacent the hadwiger number hg is the maximum cardinality of a clique minor in g this paper studies clique minors in the cartesian product gh our main result is a rough structural characterisation theorem for cartesian products with bounded hadwiger number it implies that if the product of two sufficiently large graphs has bounded hadwiger number then it is one of the following graphs a planar grid with a vortex of bounded width in the outerface a cylindrical grid with a vortex of bounded width in each of the two big faces or a toroidal grid motivation for studying the hadwiger number of a graph includes hadwigers conjecture which states that the chromatic number chig hg it is open whether hadwigers conjecture holds for every cartesian product we prove that if vh1 chig chih then hadwigers conjecture holds for gh on the other hand we prove that hadwigers conjecture holds for all cartesian products if and only if it holds for all g k_2 we then show that hg k_2 is tied to the treewidth of g we also develop connections with pseudoachromatic colourings and connected dominating sets that imply neartight bounds on the hadwiger number of grid graphs cartesian products of paths and hamming graphs cartesian products of cliques
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711.119
Pushnitski's $\mu$-invariant and Schr\"odinger operators with embedded eigenvalues
In this note, under a certain assumption on an affine space of operators, which admit embedded eigenvalues, it is shown that the singular part of the spectral shift function of any pair of operators from this space is an integer-valued function. The proof uses a natural decomposition of Pushnitski's $\mu$-invariant into "absolutely continuous" and "singular" parts. As a corollary, the Birman-Krein formula follows.
math.SP
in this note under a certain assumption on an affine space of operators which admit embedded eigenvalues it is shown that the singular part of the spectral shift function of any pair of operators from this space is an integervalued function the proof uses a natural decomposition of pushnitskis muinvariant into absolutely continuous and singular parts as a corollary the birmankrein formula follows
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711.1191
High Strain and Strain-Rate Behaviour of PTFE/Aluminium/Tungsten Mixtures
Conventional drop-weight techniques were modified to accommodate low-amplitude force transducer signals from low-strength, cold isostatically pressed 'heavy' composites of polytetrafluoroethylene, aluminum and tungsten. The failure strength, strain and the post-critical behavior of failed samples were measured for samples of different porosity and tungsten grain size. Unusual phenomenon of significantly higher strength (55 MPa) of porous composites (density 5.9 g/cc) with small W particles (less than 1 micron) in comparison with strength (32 MPa) of dense composites (7.1 g/cc) with larger W particles (44 microns) at the same volume content of components was observed. This is attributed to force chains created by a network of small W particles. Interrupted tests at different levels of strain revealed the mechanisms of fracture under dynamic compression.
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.mtrl-sci
conventional dropweight techniques were modified to accommodate lowamplitude force transducer signals from lowstrength cold isostatically pressed heavy composites of polytetrafluoroethylene aluminum and tungsten the failure strength strain and the postcritical behavior of failed samples were measured for samples of different porosity and tungsten grain size unusual phenomenon of significantly higher strength 55 mpa of porous composites density 59 gcc with small w particles less than 1 micron in comparison with strength 32 mpa of dense composites 71 gcc with larger w particles 44 microns at the same volume content of components was observed this is attributed to force chains created by a network of small w particles interrupted tests at different levels of strain revealed the mechanisms of fracture under dynamic compression
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711.1192
Superfluid Density in High-$T_c$ Superconductors: Enabled by Holes or Suppressed by Electrons?
The critical temperature of an underdoped cuprate superconductor is limited by its phase stiffness $\rho$. In this Letter we argue that the dependence of $\rho$ on doping $x$ should be understood as a consequence of deleterious competition with antiferromagnetism at large electron densities, rather than as evidence for pairing of holes in the $x =0$ Mott insulator state. Our proposal is based on the observation that the correlation energy of a d-wave superconductor increases in magnitude at finite pairing wavevector when antiferromagnetic fluctuations are strong.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con
the critical temperature of an underdoped cuprate superconductor is limited by its phase stiffness rho in this letter we argue that the dependence of rho on doping x should be understood as a consequence of deleterious competition with antiferromagnetism at large electron densities rather than as evidence for pairing of holes in the x 0 mott insulator state our proposal is based on the observation that the correlation energy of a dwave superconductor increases in magnitude at finite pairing wavevector when antiferromagnetic fluctuations are strong
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711.1193
Imposition of Different Optimizing Object with Non-Linear Constraints on Flux Sampling and Elimination of Free Futile Pathways
Constraint-based modeling has been widely used on metabolic networks analysis, such as biosynthetic prediction and flux optimization. The linear constraints, like mass conservation constraint, reversibility constraint, biological capacity constraint, can be imposed on linear algorithms. However, recently a non-linear constraint based on the second thermodynamic law, known as "loop law", has emerged and challenged the existing algorithms. Proven to be unfeasible with linear solutions, this non-linear constraint has been successfully imposed on the sampling process. In this place, Monte - Carlo sampling with Metropolis criterion and Simulated Annealing has been introduced to optimize the Biomass synthesis of genome scale metabolic network of Helicobacter pylori (iIT341 GSM / GPR) under mass conservation constraint, biological capacity constraint, and thermodynamic constraints including reversibility and "loop law". The sampling method has also been employed to optimize a non-linear objective function, the Biomass synthetic rate, which is unified by the total income number of reducible electrons. To verify whether a sample contains internal loops, an automatic solution has been developed based on solving a set of inequalities. In addition, a new type of pathway has been proposed here, the Futile Pathway, which has three properties: 1) its mass flow could be self-balanced; 2) it has exchange reactions; 3) it is independent to the biomass synthesis. To eliminate the fluxes of the Futile Pathways in the sampling results, a linear programming based method has been suggested and the results have showed improved correlations among the reaction fluxes in the pathways related to Biomass synthesis.
q-bio.OT
constraintbased modeling has been widely used on metabolic networks analysis such as biosynthetic prediction and flux optimization the linear constraints like mass conservation constraint reversibility constraint biological capacity constraint can be imposed on linear algorithms however recently a nonlinear constraint based on the second thermodynamic law known as loop law has emerged and challenged the existing algorithms proven to be unfeasible with linear solutions this nonlinear constraint has been successfully imposed on the sampling process in this place monte carlo sampling with metropolis criterion and simulated annealing has been introduced to optimize the biomass synthesis of genome scale metabolic network of helicobacter pylori iit341 gsm gpr under mass conservation constraint biological capacity constraint and thermodynamic constraints including reversibility and loop law the sampling method has also been employed to optimize a nonlinear objective function the biomass synthetic rate which is unified by the total income number of reducible electrons to verify whether a sample contains internal loops an automatic solution has been developed based on solving a set of inequalities in addition a new type of pathway has been proposed here the futile pathway which has three properties 1 its mass flow could be selfbalanced 2 it has exchange reactions 3 it is independent to the biomass synthesis to eliminate the fluxes of the futile pathways in the sampling results a linear programming based method has been suggested and the results have showed improved correlations among the reaction fluxes in the pathways related to biomass synthesis
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711.1194
On $pp \to p K \Lambda, N K \Sigma, pp \phi$ -- the basic ingredients for strangeness production in heavy ion collisions
The strangeness production in heavy ion collisions was proposed to be probes of the nuclear equation of state, Kaon potential in nuclear medium, strange quark matter and quark-gluon plasma, etc. However, to act as reliable probes, proper understanding of the basic ingredients for the strangeness production, such as $pp \to pK^+\Lambda$, $pp \to pp \phi$ and $pp \to nK^+\Sigma^+$ is necessary. Recent study of these reactions clearly shows that previously ignored contributions from the spin-parity $1/2^-$ resonances, $N^*(1535)$ and $\Delta^*(1620)$, are in fact very important for these reactions, especially for near-threshold energies. It is necessary to include these contributions for getting reliable calculation for the strangeness production in heavy ion collisions.
nucl-th
the strangeness production in heavy ion collisions was proposed to be probes of the nuclear equation of state kaon potential in nuclear medium strange quark matter and quarkgluon plasma etc however to act as reliable probes proper understanding of the basic ingredients for the strangeness production such as pp to pklambda pp to pp phi and pp to nksigma is necessary recent study of these reactions clearly shows that previously ignored contributions from the spinparity 12 resonances n1535 and delta1620 are in fact very important for these reactions especially for nearthreshold energies it is necessary to include these contributions for getting reliable calculation for the strangeness production in heavy ion collisions
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711.1195
Models of Type I X-ray Bursts from GS 1826-24: A Probe of rp-Process Hydrogen Burning
The X-ray burster GS 1826-24 shows extremely regular Type I X-ray bursts whose energetics and recurrence times agree well with thermonuclear ignition models. We present calculations of sequences of burst lightcurves using multizone models which follow the rp-process nucleosynthesis with an extensive nuclear reaction network. The theoretical and observed burst lightcurves show remarkable agreement. The models naturally explain the slow ~5s rise and long ~100s tails of these bursts, as well as their dependence on mass accretion rate. This comparison provides further evidence for solar metallicity in the accreted material in this source, and constrains the distance to the source. The main difference is that the observed lightcurves do not show the distinct two-stage rise of the models. This may reflect the time for burning to spread over the stellar surface, or may indicate that our treatment of heat transport or nuclear physics needs to be revised. The trends in burst properties with accretion rate are well-reproduced by our spherically symmetric models which include chemical and thermal inertia from the ashes of previous bursts. Changes in the covering fraction of the accreted fuel are not required.
astro-ph
the xray burster gs 182624 shows extremely regular type i xray bursts whose energetics and recurrence times agree well with thermonuclear ignition models we present calculations of sequences of burst lightcurves using multizone models which follow the rpprocess nucleosynthesis with an extensive nuclear reaction network the theoretical and observed burst lightcurves show remarkable agreement the models naturally explain the slow 5s rise and long 100s tails of these bursts as well as their dependence on mass accretion rate this comparison provides further evidence for solar metallicity in the accreted material in this source and constrains the distance to the source the main difference is that the observed lightcurves do not show the distinct twostage rise of the models this may reflect the time for burning to spread over the stellar surface or may indicate that our treatment of heat transport or nuclear physics needs to be revised the trends in burst properties with accretion rate are wellreproduced by our spherically symmetric models which include chemical and thermal inertia from the ashes of previous bursts changes in the covering fraction of the accreted fuel are not required
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711.1196
Observations of Six Glitches in PSR B1737-30
Six glitches have been recently observed in the rotational frequency of the young pulsar PSR B1737-30 (J1740-3015) using the 25-m Nanshan telescope of Urumqi Observatory. With a total of 20 glitches in 20 years, it is one of the most frequently glitching pulsars of the about 1750 known pulsars. Glitch amplitudes are very variable with fractional increases in rotation rate ranging from 10^{-9} to 10^{-6}. Inter-glitch intervals are also very variable, but no relationship is observed between interval and the size of the preceding glitch. There is a persistent increase in |\dot\nu|, opposite in sign to that expected from slowdown with a positive braking index, which may result from changes in the effective magnetic dipole moment of the star during the glitch.
astro-ph
six glitches have been recently observed in the rotational frequency of the young pulsar psr b173730 j17403015 using the 25m nanshan telescope of urumqi observatory with a total of 20 glitches in 20 years it is one of the most frequently glitching pulsars of the about 1750 known pulsars glitch amplitudes are very variable with fractional increases in rotation rate ranging from 109 to 106 interglitch intervals are also very variable but no relationship is observed between interval and the size of the preceding glitch there is a persistent increase in dotnu opposite in sign to that expected from slowdown with a positive braking index which may result from changes in the effective magnetic dipole moment of the star during the glitch
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711.1197
"Gravitational mass" of information?
We hypothesize possible new types of forces that would be the result of new types of interactions, static and a slow transient, between objects with related information contents (pattern). Such mechanism could make material composition dependence claimed by Fishbach, et al in Eotvos type experiments plausible. We carried out experiments by using a high-resolution scale with the following memories: USB-2 flash drives (1-16GB), DVD and CD disks to determine if such an interaction exist/detectable with a scale resolution of 10 microgram with these test objects. We applied zero information, white noise and 1/f noise type data. Writing or deleting the information in any of these devices causes peculiar negative weight transients, up to milligrams (mass fraction around 10^-5), which is followed by various types of relaxation processes. These relaxations have significantly different dynamics compared to transients observed during cooling after stationary external heating. Interestingly, a USB-1 MP3 player has also developed comparable transient mass loss during playing music. A classical interpretation of the negative weight transients could be absorbed water in hygroscopic components however comparison of relaxation time constants with air humidity data does not support an obvious explanation. Another classical interpretation with certain contribution is the lifting Bernoulli force caused by the circulation due to convection of the warm air. However, in this case all observed time constants with a device should have been the same unless some hidden parameter causes the observed variations. Further studies are warranted to clarify if there is indeed a new force, which is showing up as negative mass at weight measurement when high-density structural information is changed or read out (measured).
physics.gen-ph
we hypothesize possible new types of forces that would be the result of new types of interactions static and a slow transient between objects with related information contents pattern such mechanism could make material composition dependence claimed by fishbach et al in eotvos type experiments plausible we carried out experiments by using a highresolution scale with the following memories usb2 flash drives 116gb dvd and cd disks to determine if such an interaction existdetectable with a scale resolution of 10 microgram with these test objects we applied zero information white noise and 1f noise type data writing or deleting the information in any of these devices causes peculiar negative weight transients up to milligrams mass fraction around 105 which is followed by various types of relaxation processes these relaxations have significantly different dynamics compared to transients observed during cooling after stationary external heating interestingly a usb1 mp3 player has also developed comparable transient mass loss during playing music a classical interpretation of the negative weight transients could be absorbed water in hygroscopic components however comparison of relaxation time constants with air humidity data does not support an obvious explanation another classical interpretation with certain contribution is the lifting bernoulli force caused by the circulation due to convection of the warm air however in this case all observed time constants with a device should have been the same unless some hidden parameter causes the observed variations further studies are warranted to clarify if there is indeed a new force which is showing up as negative mass at weight measurement when highdensity structural information is changed or read out measured
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711.1198
Prospects of cold dark matter searches with an ultra-low-energy germanium detector
The report describes the research program on the development of ultra-low-energy germanium detectors, with emphasis on WIMP dark matter searches. A threshold of 100 eV is achieved with a 20 g detector array, providing a unique probe to the low-mas WIMP. Present data at a surface laboratory is expected to give rise to comparable sensitivities with the existing limits at the $\rm{5 - 10 GeV}$ WIMP-mass range. The projected parameter space to be probed with a full-scale, kilogram mass-range experiment is presented. Such a detector would also allow the studies of neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering and neutrino magnetic moments.
hep-ex
the report describes the research program on the development of ultralowenergy germanium detectors with emphasis on wimp dark matter searches a threshold of 100 ev is achieved with a 20 g detector array providing a unique probe to the lowmas wimp present data at a surface laboratory is expected to give rise to comparable sensitivities with the existing limits at the rm5 10 gev wimpmass range the projected parameter space to be probed with a fullscale kilogram massrange experiment is presented such a detector would also allow the studies of neutrinonucleus coherent scattering and neutrino magnetic moments
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711.1199
Continuous Opinions and Discrete Actions in Opinion Dynamics Problems
A model where agents show discrete behavior regarding their actions, but have continuous opinions that are updated by interacting with other agents is presented. This new updating rule is applied to both the voter and Sznajd models for interaction between neighbors and its consequences are discussed. The appearance of extremists is naturally observed and it seems to be a characteristic of this model.
physics.soc-ph
a model where agents show discrete behavior regarding their actions but have continuous opinions that are updated by interacting with other agents is presented this new updating rule is applied to both the voter and sznajd models for interaction between neighbors and its consequences are discussed the appearance of extremists is naturally observed and it seems to be a characteristic of this model
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711.12
The classification of $\bf Z$-graded modules of the intermediate series over the $q$-analog Virasoro-like algebra
In this paper, we complete the classification of the {\bf Z}-graded modules of the intermediate series over the $q$-analog Virasoro-like algebra $L$. We first construct four classes of irreducible {\bf Z}-graded $L$-modules of the intermediate series. Then we prove that any {\bf Z}-graded $L$-modules of the intermediate series must be the direct sum of some trivial $L$-modules or one of the modules constructed by us.
math.RT math.QA
in this paper we complete the classification of the bf zgraded modules of the intermediate series over the qanalog virasorolike algebra l we first construct four classes of irreducible bf zgraded lmodules of the intermediate series then we prove that any bf zgraded lmodules of the intermediate series must be the direct sum of some trivial lmodules or one of the modules constructed by us
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711.1201
Suzaku Detection of an Intense X-Ray Flare from an A-type Star HD161084
We report a serendipitous detection of an intense X-ray flare from the Tycho reference source HD 161084 during a Suzaku observation of the Galactic Center region for 20 ks. The X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) recorded a flare from this A1-type dwarf or subgiant star with a flux of 1.4x10^{-12} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} (0.5--10 keV) and a decay time scale of 0.5 hr. The spectrum is hard with a prominent Fe XXV K alpha emission line at 6.7 keV, which is explained by a 5 keV thin-thermal plasma model attenuated by a 1.4x10^{21} cm^{-2} extinction. The low extinction, which is consistent with the optical reddening, indicates that the source is a foreground star toward the Galactic Center region. Based on the spectroscopic parallax distance of 530 pc, the peak X-ray luminosity amounts to 1x10^{32} erg s^{-1} (0.5--10 keV). This is much larger than the X-ray luminosity of ordinary late-type main-sequence stars, and the X-ray emission is unattributable to a hidden late-type companion that comprises a wide binary system with the A-star. We discuss possible natures of HD 161084 and suggest that it is most likely an interacting binary with elevated magnetic activity in the companion such as the Algol-type system. The flux detected by Suzaku during the burst is 100 times larger than the quiescent level measured using the archived XMM-Newton and Chandra data. The large flux amplification makes this star a unique example among sources of this class.
astro-ph
we report a serendipitous detection of an intense xray flare from the tycho reference source hd 161084 during a suzaku observation of the galactic center region for 20 ks the xray imaging spectrometer xis recorded a flare from this a1type dwarf or subgiant star with a flux of 14x1012 erg s1 cm2 0510 kev and a decay time scale of 05 hr the spectrum is hard with a prominent fe xxv k alpha emission line at 67 kev which is explained by a 5 kev thinthermal plasma model attenuated by a 14x1021 cm2 extinction the low extinction which is consistent with the optical reddening indicates that the source is a foreground star toward the galactic center region based on the spectroscopic parallax distance of 530 pc the peak xray luminosity amounts to 1x1032 erg s1 0510 kev this is much larger than the xray luminosity of ordinary latetype mainsequence stars and the xray emission is unattributable to a hidden latetype companion that comprises a wide binary system with the astar we discuss possible natures of hd 161084 and suggest that it is most likely an interacting binary with elevated magnetic activity in the companion such as the algoltype system the flux detected by suzaku during the burst is 100 times larger than the quiescent level measured using the archived xmmnewton and chandra data the large flux amplification makes this star a unique example among sources of this class
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711.1202
Resonant Transmission of a Light Pulse through a Quantum Well
Reflectance, transmittance and absorbance of a symmetric light pulse, the carrying frequency of which is close to the frequency of interband transitions in a quantum well, are calculated. Energy levels of the quantum well are assumed discrete, and two closely located excited levels are taken into account. The theory is applicable for the quantum wells of arbitrary widths when the size quantization is preserved. A distinction of refraction indices of barriers and quantum well is taken into account. In such a case, some additional reflection from the quantum well borders appears which changes essentially a shape of the reflected pulse in comparison to homogeneous medium. The reflection from the borders disappears at some definite ratios of the carrying frequency of the stimulating pulse and quantum well width.
cond-mat.mes-hall
reflectance transmittance and absorbance of a symmetric light pulse the carrying frequency of which is close to the frequency of interband transitions in a quantum well are calculated energy levels of the quantum well are assumed discrete and two closely located excited levels are taken into account the theory is applicable for the quantum wells of arbitrary widths when the size quantization is preserved a distinction of refraction indices of barriers and quantum well is taken into account in such a case some additional reflection from the quantum well borders appears which changes essentially a shape of the reflected pulse in comparison to homogeneous medium the reflection from the borders disappears at some definite ratios of the carrying frequency of the stimulating pulse and quantum well width
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711.1203
Introduction to the theory of quasi-log varieties
This paper is a gentle introduction to the theory of quasi-log varieties by Ambro. We explain the fundamental theorems for the log minimal model program for log canonical pairs. More precisely, we give a proof of the base point free theorem for log canonical pairs in the framework of the theory of quasi-log varieties.
math.AG
this paper is a gentle introduction to the theory of quasilog varieties by ambro we explain the fundamental theorems for the log minimal model program for log canonical pairs more precisely we give a proof of the base point free theorem for log canonical pairs in the framework of the theory of quasilog varieties
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711.1204
Relationship between Magnetic Structure and Ferroelectricity of LiVCuO4
Neutron scattering studies and measurements of the dielectric susceptibility and ferroelectric polarization P have been carried out in various magnetic fields H for single-crystal samples of the multiferroic system LiVCuO4 with quasi one-dimensional spin 1/2 Cu2+ chains formed of edge-sharing CuO4 square planes, and the relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity has been studied. The ferroelectric polarization is significantly suppressed by the magnetic field H above 2 T applied along a and b axes. The helical magnetic structure with the helical axis parallel to c has been confirmed in H=0, and for H//a, the spin flop transition takes place at H=2 T with increasing H, where the helical axis changes to the direction parallel to H. The ferroelectric polarization along a at H=0 is found to be proportional to the neutron magnetic scattering intensity, indicating that the magnetic order is closely related to the appearance of the ferroelectricity. The relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity of LiVCuO4 is discussed by considering the existing theories.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci
neutron scattering studies and measurements of the dielectric susceptibility and ferroelectric polarization p have been carried out in various magnetic fields h for singlecrystal samples of the multiferroic system livcuo4 with quasi onedimensional spin 12 cu2 chains formed of edgesharing cuo4 square planes and the relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity has been studied the ferroelectric polarization is significantly suppressed by the magnetic field h above 2 t applied along a and b axes the helical magnetic structure with the helical axis parallel to c has been confirmed in h0 and for ha the spin flop transition takes place at h2 t with increasing h where the helical axis changes to the direction parallel to h the ferroelectric polarization along a at h0 is found to be proportional to the neutron magnetic scattering intensity indicating that the magnetic order is closely related to the appearance of the ferroelectricity the relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity of livcuo4 is discussed by considering the existing theories
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711.1205
Rational Integrals of the second kind on a complex projective manifold and its primitive cohomology
Let X be a complex algebraic manifold of dimension n+1 embedded in a sufficiently higher dimensional complex projective space, and Y a generic hyperplane section of X. We describe the mixed Hodge structure on H^p(X-Y,C) and the Hodge filtration of the middle primitive cohomology group H^n(Y,C)_0 of Y in terms of rational integrals on X. (Key words: Primitive cohomology, Rational integral of the 2nd kind, Generalized Poincare residue map, Hodge filtration, Mixed Hodge structure)
math.AG math.CV
let x be a complex algebraic manifold of dimension n1 embedded in a sufficiently higher dimensional complex projective space and y a generic hyperplane section of x we describe the mixed hodge structure on hpxyc and the hodge filtration of the middle primitive cohomology group hnyc_0 of y in terms of rational integrals on x key words primitive cohomology rational integral of the 2nd kind generalized poincare residue map hodge filtration mixed hodge structure
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711.1206
How does Casimir energy fall? III. Inertial forces on vacuum energy
We have recently demonstrated that Casimir energy due to parallel plates, including its divergent parts, falls like conventional mass in a weak gravitational field. The divergent parts were suitably interpreted as renormalizing the bare masses of the plates. Here we corroborate our result regarding the inertial nature of Casimir energy by calculating the centripetal force on a Casimir apparatus rotating with constant angular speed. We show that the centripetal force is independent of the orientation of the Casimir apparatus in a frame whose origin is at the center of inertia of the apparatus.
hep-th
we have recently demonstrated that casimir energy due to parallel plates including its divergent parts falls like conventional mass in a weak gravitational field the divergent parts were suitably interpreted as renormalizing the bare masses of the plates here we corroborate our result regarding the inertial nature of casimir energy by calculating the centripetal force on a casimir apparatus rotating with constant angular speed we show that the centripetal force is independent of the orientation of the casimir apparatus in a frame whose origin is at the center of inertia of the apparatus
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711.1207
A note on proper conformal vector fields in cylindrically symmetric static space-times
A study of proper conformal vector field in non conformally flat cylindrically symmetric static space-times is given by using direct integration technique. Using the above mentioned technique we have shown that a very special class of the above space-time admits proper conformal vector field.
gr-qc
a study of proper conformal vector field in non conformally flat cylindrically symmetric static spacetimes is given by using direct integration technique using the above mentioned technique we have shown that a very special class of the above spacetime admits proper conformal vector field
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