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711.2908 | Probing new physics with long-lived charged particles produced by
atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos | As suggested by some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics,
dark matter may be a super-weakly interacting lightest stable particle, while
the next-to-lightest particle (NLP) is charged and meta-stable. One could test
such a possibility with neutrino telescopes, by detecting the charged NLPs
produced in high-energy neutrino collisions with Earth matter. We study the
production of charged NLPs by both atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos;
only the latter, which is largely uncertain and has not been detected yet, was
the focus of previous studies. We compute the resulting fluxes of the charged
NLPs, compare those of different origins, and analyze the dependence on the
underlying particle physics setup. We point out that even if the astrophysical
neutrino flux is very small, atmospheric neutrinos, especially those from the
prompt decay of charmed mesons, may provide a detectable flux of NLP pairs at
neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. We also comment on the flux of charged
NLPs expected from proton-nucleon collisions, and show that, for theoretically
motivated and phenomenologically viable models, it is typically sub-dominant
and below detectable rates.
| hep-ph astro-ph | as suggested by some extensions of the standard model of particle physics dark matter may be a superweakly interacting lightest stable particle while the nexttolightest particle nlp is charged and metastable one could test such a possibility with neutrino telescopes by detecting the charged nlps produced in highenergy neutrino collisions with earth matter we study the production of charged nlps by both atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos only the latter which is largely uncertain and has not been detected yet was the focus of previous studies we compute the resulting fluxes of the charged nlps compare those of different origins and analyze the dependence on the underlying particle physics setup we point out that even if the astrophysical neutrino flux is very small atmospheric neutrinos especially those from the prompt decay of charmed mesons may provide a detectable flux of nlp pairs at neutrino telescopes such as icecube we also comment on the flux of charged nlps expected from protonnucleon collisions and show that for theoretically motivated and phenomenologically viable models it is typically subdominant and below detectable rates | [['as', 'suggested', 'by', 'some', 'extensions', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'of', 'particle', 'physics', 'dark', 'matter', 'may', 'be', 'a', 'superweakly', 'interacting', 'lightest', 'stable', 'particle', 'while', 'the', 'nexttolightest', 'particle', 'nlp', 'is', 'charged', 'and', 'metastable', 'one', 'could', 'test', 'such', 'a', 'possibility', 'with', 'neutrino', 'telescopes', 'by', 'detecting', 'the', 'charged', 'nlps', 'produced', 'in', 'highenergy', 'neutrino', 'collisions', 'with', 'earth', 'matter', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'charged', 'nlps', 'by', 'both', 'atmospheric', 'and', 'astrophysical', 'neutrinos', 'only', 'the', 'latter', 'which', 'is', 'largely', 'uncertain', 'and', 'has', 'not', 'been', 'detected', 'yet', 'was', 'the', 'focus', 'of', 'previous', 'studies', 'we', 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711.2909 | Comparing the notions of optimality in CP-nets, strategic games and soft
constraints | The notion of optimality naturally arises in many areas of applied
mathematics and computer science concerned with decision making. Here we
consider this notion in the context of three formalisms used for different
purposes in reasoning about multi-agent systems: strategic games, CP-nets, and
soft constraints. To relate the notions of optimality in these formalisms we
introduce a natural qualitative modification of the notion of a strategic game.
We show then that the optimal outcomes of a CP-net are exactly the Nash
equilibria of such games. This allows us to use the techniques of game theory
to search for optimal outcomes of CP-nets and vice-versa, to use techniques
developed for CP-nets to search for Nash equilibria of the considered games.
Then, we relate the notion of optimality used in the area of soft constraints
to that used in a generalization of strategic games, called graphical games. In
particular we prove that for a natural class of soft constraints that includes
weighted constraints every optimal solution is both a Nash equilibrium and
Pareto efficient joint strategy. For a natural mapping in the other direction
we show that Pareto efficient joint strategies coincide with the optimal
solutions of soft constraints.
| cs.AI cs.GT | the notion of optimality naturally arises in many areas of applied mathematics and computer science concerned with decision making here we consider this notion in the context of three formalisms used for different purposes in reasoning about multiagent systems strategic games cpnets and soft constraints to relate the notions of optimality in these formalisms we introduce a natural qualitative modification of the notion of a strategic game we show then that the optimal outcomes of a cpnet are exactly the nash equilibria of such games this allows us to use the techniques of game theory to search for optimal outcomes of cpnets and viceversa to use techniques developed for cpnets to search for nash equilibria of the considered games then we relate the notion of optimality used in the area of soft constraints to that used in a generalization of strategic games called graphical games in particular we prove that for a natural class of soft constraints that includes weighted constraints every optimal solution is both a nash equilibrium and pareto efficient joint strategy for a natural mapping in the other direction we show that pareto efficient joint strategies coincide with the optimal solutions of soft constraints | [['the', 'notion', 'of', 'optimality', 'naturally', 'arises', 'in', 'many', 'areas', 'of', 'applied', 'mathematics', 'and', 'computer', 'science', 'concerned', 'with', 'decision', 'making', 'here', 'we', 'consider', 'this', 'notion', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'three', 'formalisms', 'used', 'for', 'different', 'purposes', 'in', 'reasoning', 'about', 'multiagent', 'systems', 'strategic', 'games', 'cpnets', 'and', 'soft', 'constraints', 'to', 'relate', 'the', 'notions', 'of', 'optimality', 'in', 'these', 'formalisms', 'we', 'introduce', 'a', 'natural', 'qualitative', 'modification', 'of', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'a', 'strategic', 'game', 'we', 'show', 'then', 'that', 'the', 'optimal', 'outcomes', 'of', 'a', 'cpnet', 'are', 'exactly', 'the', 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711.291 | Path integral measure factorization in path integrals for diffusion of
Yang--Mills fields | Factorization of the (formal) path integral measure in a Wiener path
integrals for Yang--Mills diffusion is studied. Using the nonlinear filtering
stochastic differential equation, we perform the transformation of the path
integral defined on a total space of the Yang--Mills principal fiber bundle and
come to the reduced path integral on a Coulomb gauge surface. Integral relation
between the path integral representing the "quantum" evolution given on the
original manifold of Yang--Mills fields and the path integral on the reduced
manifold defined by the Coulomb gauge is obtained.
| hep-th | factorization of the formal path integral measure in a wiener path integrals for yangmills diffusion is studied using the nonlinear filtering stochastic differential equation we perform the transformation of the path integral defined on a total space of the yangmills principal fiber bundle and come to the reduced path integral on a coulomb gauge surface integral relation between the path integral representing the quantum evolution given on the original manifold of yangmills fields and the path integral on the reduced manifold defined by the coulomb gauge is obtained | [['factorization', 'of', 'the', 'formal', 'path', 'integral', 'measure', 'in', 'a', 'wiener', 'path', 'integrals', 'for', 'yangmills', 'diffusion', 'is', 'studied', 'using', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'filtering', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equation', 'we', 'perform', 'the', 'transformation', 'of', 'the', 'path', 'integral', 'defined', 'on', 'a', 'total', 'space', 'of', 'the', 'yangmills', 'principal', 'fiber', 'bundle', 'and', 'come', 'to', 'the', 'reduced', 'path', 'integral', 'on', 'a', 'coulomb', 'gauge', 'surface', 'integral', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'path', 'integral', 'representing', 'the', 'quantum', 'evolution', 'given', 'on', 'the', 'original', 'manifold', 'of', 'yangmills', 'fields', 'and', 'the', 'path', 'integral', 'on', 'the', 'reduced', 'manifold', 'defined', 'by', 'the', 'coulomb', 'gauge', 'is', 'obtained']] | [-0.18675014466068454, 0.09484437358861958, -0.13476351853883403, 0.08162117451270619, -0.12900004980408333, -0.045616479468828235, -0.018575419589813628, 0.37766010661355476, -0.3050775085999207, -0.22545370417223734, 0.0701339027555977, -0.2571424516235394, -0.18974395289974796, 0.17066167249471287, -0.04576355475001037, 0.06723437142897058, 0.0988074696929702, 0.08825090875722129, -0.1250329610881057, -0.2435764128207335, 0.3828095556713048, -0.02067725372696507, 0.21908632256302304, -0.014252212448892269, 0.2520096398868852, 0.14153740035941487, -0.10129680059088225, 0.0320282432734199, -0.16146800181807272, 0.1719269211171195, 0.20415824925029566, 0.022821497373198243, 0.203276664984349, -0.4220120702362196, -0.2260649131071246, 0.05900767329148948, 0.10851700992332719, -0.0021915123162960463, 0.044111169954042205, -0.2952744147359309, 0.0014263490183194253, -0.10993506302210418, -0.136255162056345, -0.02890152551911094, 0.012151408091250976, -0.014994438176720658, -0.2225654630826532, 0.019696443116903207, -0.01716553152470045, 0.06398264646784148, -0.057887717192484575, -0.08622528578747403, -0.06152430701794484, 0.07548557793912054, 0.00868422567145899, 0.09744139293483882, 0.14511425253956325, -0.16031709594376894, -0.12991215193654748, 0.35315665891605685, -0.11148550147217148, -0.2572202058297328, 0.08653205183376982, -0.10618094129974699, -0.08182530995162035, 0.19088505250825125, 0.08784666973356665, 0.15232331289867448, -0.16833329333034766, 0.1912986959994834, -0.00512707045047798, 0.05378067351623692, 0.062312043070877815, -0.000688306701538915, 0.10297408146867713, 0.12610299593374788, 0.14389252704462374, 0.10748714886457575, -0.06065337572627785, -0.19313130699711936, -0.3812875058713623, -0.2560308969378556, -0.20405602027577432, 0.14284913064065305, -0.14911696509509717, -0.20033775516574018, 0.32586726512751985, 0.04859421751461923, 0.14102855586679652, 0.07819964507044377, 0.22382282205878504, 0.26238746996122325, 0.07876065767976054, 0.01876927999017591, 0.17658377951011062, 0.24157097703160121, 0.09690301792315123, -0.2926980380328711, -0.08940181361553683, 0.22202702690794301] |
711.2911 | Understanding clustering in type space using field theoretic techniques | The birth/death process with mutation describes the evolution of a
population, and displays rich dynamics including clustering and fluctuations.
We discuss an analytical `field-theoretical' approach to the birth/death
process, using a simple dimensional analysis argument to describe evolution as
a `Super-Brownian Motion' in the infinite population limit. The field theory
technique provides corrections to this for large but finite population, and an
exact description at arbitrary population size. This allows a characterisation
of the difference between the evolution of a phenotype, for which strong local
clustering is observed, and a genotype for which distributions are more
dispersed. We describe the approach with sufficient detail for non-specialists.
| q-bio.PE q-bio.QM | the birthdeath process with mutation describes the evolution of a population and displays rich dynamics including clustering and fluctuations we discuss an analytical fieldtheoretical approach to the birthdeath process using a simple dimensional analysis argument to describe evolution as a superbrownian motion in the infinite population limit the field theory technique provides corrections to this for large but finite population and an exact description at arbitrary population size this allows a characterisation of the difference between the evolution of a phenotype for which strong local clustering is observed and a genotype for which distributions are more dispersed we describe the approach with sufficient detail for nonspecialists | [['the', 'birthdeath', 'process', 'with', 'mutation', 'describes', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'a', 'population', 'and', 'displays', 'rich', 'dynamics', 'including', 'clustering', 'and', 'fluctuations', 'we', 'discuss', 'an', 'analytical', 'fieldtheoretical', 'approach', 'to', 'the', 'birthdeath', 'process', 'using', 'a', 'simple', 'dimensional', 'analysis', 'argument', 'to', 'describe', 'evolution', 'as', 'a', 'superbrownian', 'motion', 'in', 'the', 'infinite', 'population', 'limit', 'the', 'field', 'theory', 'technique', 'provides', 'corrections', 'to', 'this', 'for', 'large', 'but', 'finite', 'population', 'and', 'an', 'exact', 'description', 'at', 'arbitrary', 'population', 'size', 'this', 'allows', 'a', 'characterisation', 'of', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'a', 'phenotype', 'for', 'which', 'strong', 'local', 'clustering', 'is', 'observed', 'and', 'a', 'genotype', 'for', 'which', 'distributions', 'are', 'more', 'dispersed', 'we', 'describe', 'the', 'approach', 'with', 'sufficient', 'detail', 'for', 'nonspecialists']] | [-0.062272780650637974, 0.10686866460474569, -0.15991255764427753, 0.1315750574798036, -0.049220266677263494, -0.11167989571947816, 0.04960645197447003, 0.36049424226061916, -0.24436646053690533, -0.29262604026721334, 0.06677157382968427, -0.2314501259024837, -0.14391775316347913, 0.1538003638896318, -0.025935401757827627, -0.027320044396339723, 0.05714163162200799, 0.019653321929135412, -0.024892587567249068, -0.18649636590216345, 0.30201742652461006, 0.04906653507419352, 0.2696738437802162, -0.011906472996826161, 0.1430714087437768, 0.034996978086331544, -0.042122698140787486, 0.029386481964292954, -0.1668437184054264, 0.12084093745270709, 0.22932931280339067, 0.12655149598799223, 0.28346742706303046, -0.38182683359339553, -0.20751693050095918, 0.10155245864693567, 0.1803020820821161, 0.22129704942707112, -0.06620868873183357, -0.2558609398086292, 0.040214028455457594, -0.18448238524625887, -0.19967080947925459, -0.08666786862502121, 0.05959509409423742, 0.02780880863374134, -0.29729219638953375, 0.09962333174299379, 0.0680919966247495, 0.0730815786464175, -0.05675464810832087, -0.058622611730517644, 0.008304752176627517, 0.1457614040854475, 0.007820934713444725, -0.027878234259573358, 0.11261189625299764, -0.11668051889624484, -0.09446536285697289, 0.34038578118812646, -0.07918556626745553, -0.1853695710932063, 0.2285023891753605, -0.17252154153648694, -0.15349737310975367, 0.12804319044434517, 0.17543039288160936, 0.12123953599816645, -0.20820048005091693, 0.08449713381244538, 0.01614165741879985, 0.143616808297218, -0.010999496305747977, 0.014629190714089727, 0.19840490764428703, 0.24740531704968438, 0.05182069182870382, 0.1434928697626159, -0.07244779674758045, -0.16004340021150573, -0.29539640662523936, -0.13826718825719514, -0.1381334694901938, 0.08134077953389969, -0.12826240419812132, -0.23462302842230168, 0.3726475874251985, 0.1368391967750866, 0.20692523899224569, 0.11681567151802329, 0.2431342728119695, 0.1423791385226101, 0.014035007217898965, 0.03352594021971355, 0.11935439312233115, 0.16033103575332547, 0.07340599952775212, -0.2537487651493822, 0.07843339470004276, 0.060476671952648824] |
711.2912 | Multiplicity fluctuations in relativistic gases. From simple models to
experiment | The aim of this paper is to give a short overview for the set of publications
considering recently found effect of non-equivalence of multiplicity
fluctuations in relativistic gases with globally conserved charge and energy.
| nucl-th | the aim of this paper is to give a short overview for the set of publications considering recently found effect of nonequivalence of multiplicity fluctuations in relativistic gases with globally conserved charge and energy | [['the', 'aim', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'give', 'a', 'short', 'overview', 'for', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'publications', 'considering', 'recently', 'found', 'effect', 'of', 'nonequivalence', 'of', 'multiplicity', 'fluctuations', 'in', 'relativistic', 'gases', 'with', 'globally', 'conserved', 'charge', 'and', 'energy']] | [-0.1721568380975548, 0.1556578058311168, -0.07295829154934515, 0.08158267108613954, 0.008021432714646353, -0.06144987017957165, -0.03825372873517849, 0.28427135812885623, -0.19199971399982185, -0.3345542547895628, 0.006902308035504949, -0.28693989039782214, -0.07874114438891411, 0.14911448199521093, -0.06044517257524764, 0.0137072902665857, 0.05918012623784735, 0.05812159060117077, -0.05687752057565376, -0.23680527710958438, 0.38709472382769866, 0.13669989794930992, 0.26244673352031145, 0.1269748417989296, 0.09811738946968142, -0.0036560979822431415, -0.08497167634777725, 0.07125766608206664, -0.1636039046844577, 0.12203613237258704, 0.27279040392707377, 0.04558466873405611, 0.2634723046931493, -0.4185385713353753, -0.18023434166303454, 0.12178139298168175, 0.12952918692163246, 0.16022359338753364, -0.09023012771435521, -0.2146351301275632, 0.031121196033542648, -0.21662220742334337, -0.17928659136626213, -0.0687274983536233, 0.11788045754656196, 0.08314472798477202, -0.23358787892057614, 0.11964449480942943, 0.07041672047446756, 0.1036637979285682, -0.07636967386283419, -0.11287967740174602, 0.0010437160689274177, 0.06111275107490227, 0.1434156685067779, 0.04042173768667614, 0.08630851086448221, -0.08288318000268191, -0.11503009152982165, 0.37506519290892515, -0.04976505347911049, -0.18920015187605338, 0.1642826343064799, -0.18377992565579274, -0.13798041817019968, 0.14220868237316608, 0.15895971705150955, 0.10189926763996482, -0.22858757605118787, 0.060306945868754104, -0.027524748269249413, 0.10293970060100786, 0.03481194097548723, 0.12158459674238282, 0.2681193456382436, 0.17625429344308727, 0.0395684662165449, 0.14547440332963185, -0.04202341910122948, -0.07665750737685491, -0.32351739858003226, -0.17451389791334376, -0.17195582009084961, 0.0889803257989971, 0.03919674625991748, -0.1466903997146908, 0.45867406393346544, 0.17410744581481113, 0.17639193188070373, 0.021052664816927386, 0.24992243211497278, 0.09069287856426159, -0.029266856172505545, 0.08060852135531604, 0.23125973465058075, 0.13964982434888096, 0.136562398799202, -0.2121906401178635, -0.005855470704024329, 0.08778410281657296] |
711.2913 | Cubic-matrix splines and second-order matrix models | We discuss the direct use of cubic-matrix splines to obtain continuous
approximations to the unique solution of matrix models of the type $Y''(x) =
f(x,Y(x))$. For numerical illustration, an estimation of the approximation
error, an algorithm for its implementation, and an example are given.
| math.NA | we discuss the direct use of cubicmatrix splines to obtain continuous approximations to the unique solution of matrix models of the type yx fxyx for numerical illustration an estimation of the approximation error an algorithm for its implementation and an example are given | [['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'direct', 'use', 'of', 'cubicmatrix', 'splines', 'to', 'obtain', 'continuous', 'approximations', 'to', 'the', 'unique', 'solution', 'of', 'matrix', 'models', 'of', 'the', 'type', 'yx', 'fxyx', 'for', 'numerical', 'illustration', 'an', 'estimation', 'of', 'the', 'approximation', 'error', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'its', 'implementation', 'and', 'an', 'example', 'are', 'given']] | [-0.07128058644238769, -0.08682944871117532, -0.058701634304825126, 0.0748381134571235, -0.04556778298191181, -0.09958280642267044, 0.04182541056922296, 0.41902957620417197, -0.3110309869005549, -0.25467372072360867, 0.18660500001520056, -0.2509911353586287, -0.16828190632982226, 0.23480613338874606, -0.04821099897437706, 0.08188684504882364, 0.04156284581688119, 0.05191677427146493, -0.16754105571293976, -0.2359223830990675, 0.2720673822956841, 0.06099553322192372, 0.18645457174379107, 0.027197342343264964, 0.15228937148320965, -0.005135676482828652, -0.03475281521223667, -0.052247813266770145, -0.18861032057008364, 0.11863793943804211, 0.19197240397846965, 0.16529367477973786, 0.28892867894070906, -0.3980577978555386, -0.1433294662387996, 0.11269750602957906, 0.13031023124051166, 0.14640193671078944, -0.08128002186578404, -0.27402181789369845, 0.07826688508616715, -0.2028559657813209, -0.18244549772906593, -0.1373623099870889, -0.007192929616061653, 0.04643268492527124, -0.3745363330150523, 0.050179229998143345, 0.0319718013449413, 0.023907099123589876, -0.08890492163837047, -0.1341532654151684, 0.05299021830646003, 0.12348521480382216, 0.03283525242402059, -0.0039623678184864, 0.024660611127662223, -0.1294707489517949, -0.1399494272815745, 0.3544353118120897, -0.04650184019218858, -0.2764983225568402, 0.16295031646675454, -0.032813610009303905, -0.08641571682173668, 0.09444433814141809, 0.19657145869895454, 0.11667702755913502, -0.10182438222918569, 0.09530103797087355, -0.042606221739111876, 0.15395837890483985, -0.034362179488397954, -0.011560911148014228, 0.09487640725948461, 0.17622817593921974, 0.11727925612613922, 0.12710532055395404, -0.0715240296657856, -0.06682084498518123, -0.37138958184457405, -0.21974424468126239, -0.20752659385524144, 0.003180772758929468, -0.16445198873939595, -0.28082825834067854, 0.3823568657858343, 0.15997588938874444, 0.1762462922758082, 0.08820042375293446, 0.31535732378138276, 0.20394915549039114, -0.06707949306043547, 0.05611180882083207, 0.18611891557485227, 0.17302110546450244, 0.00013749269632304587, -0.19385534656665673, 0.042601208828805616, 0.1231078069441293] |
711.2914 | Image Classification Using SVMs: One-against-One Vs One-against-All | Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are a relatively new supervised classification
technique to the land cover mapping community. They have their roots in
Statistical Learning Theory and have gained prominence because they are robust,
accurate and are effective even when using a small training sample. By their
nature SVMs are essentially binary classifiers, however, they can be adopted to
handle the multiple classification tasks common in remote sensing studies. The
two approaches commonly used are the One-Against-One (1A1) and One-Against-All
(1AA) techniques. In this paper, these approaches are evaluated in as far as
their impact and implication for land cover mapping. The main finding from this
research is that whereas the 1AA technique is more predisposed to yielding
unclassified and mixed pixels, the resulting classification accuracy is not
significantly different from 1A1 approach. It is the authors conclusion
therefore that ultimately the choice of technique adopted boils down to
personal preference and the uniqueness of the dataset at hand.
| cs.LG cs.AI cs.CV | support vector machines svms are a relatively new supervised classification technique to the land cover mapping community they have their roots in statistical learning theory and have gained prominence because they are robust accurate and are effective even when using a small training sample by their nature svms are essentially binary classifiers however they can be adopted to handle the multiple classification tasks common in remote sensing studies the two approaches commonly used are the oneagainstone 1a1 and oneagainstall 1aa techniques in this paper these approaches are evaluated in as far as their impact and implication for land cover mapping the main finding from this research is that whereas the 1aa technique is more predisposed to yielding unclassified and mixed pixels the resulting classification accuracy is not significantly different from 1a1 approach it is the authors conclusion therefore that ultimately the choice of technique adopted boils down to personal preference and the uniqueness of the dataset at hand | [['support', 'vector', 'machines', 'svms', 'are', 'a', 'relatively', 'new', 'supervised', 'classification', 'technique', 'to', 'the', 'land', 'cover', 'mapping', 'community', 'they', 'have', 'their', 'roots', 'in', 'statistical', 'learning', 'theory', 'and', 'have', 'gained', 'prominence', 'because', 'they', 'are', 'robust', 'accurate', 'and', 'are', 'effective', 'even', 'when', 'using', 'a', 'small', 'training', 'sample', 'by', 'their', 'nature', 'svms', 'are', 'essentially', 'binary', 'classifiers', 'however', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'adopted', 'to', 'handle', 'the', 'multiple', 'classification', 'tasks', 'common', 'in', 'remote', 'sensing', 'studies', 'the', 'two', 'approaches', 'commonly', 'used', 'are', 'the', 'oneagainstone', '1a1', 'and', 'oneagainstall', '1aa', 'techniques', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'these', 'approaches', 'are', 'evaluated', 'in', 'as', 'far', 'as', 'their', 'impact', 'and', 'implication', 'for', 'land', 'cover', 'mapping', 'the', 'main', 'finding', 'from', 'this', 'research', 'is', 'that', 'whereas', 'the', '1aa', 'technique', 'is', 'more', 'predisposed', 'to', 'yielding', 'unclassified', 'and', 'mixed', 'pixels', 'the', 'resulting', 'classification', 'accuracy', 'is', 'not', 'significantly', 'different', 'from', '1a1', 'approach', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'authors', 'conclusion', 'therefore', 'that', 'ultimately', 'the', 'choice', 'of', 'technique', 'adopted', 'boils', 'down', 'to', 'personal', 'preference', 'and', 'the', 'uniqueness', 'of', 'the', 'dataset', 'at', 'hand']] | [-0.028360623437867064, 0.06615949933169575, -0.09647017266141557, 0.094115439397165, -0.11376870767201615, -0.17986630254275537, 0.06089274015843491, 0.43727300455204293, -0.26565819845499494, -0.33854155900263333, 0.1551038465592303, -0.2725891612670561, -0.1375923521928725, 0.21700190003855224, -0.10819754954663259, 0.07279086169562762, 0.09967814523231568, 0.035826083479001174, -0.052435851812103314, -0.3091509397424569, 0.29948950407413555, 0.030752123457297116, 0.3213126805192449, 0.024129479556179403, 0.053479800725803724, -0.027800997851793713, -0.05722388618071623, 0.026276605309847788, -0.03663367234861929, 0.15658766947851716, 0.34704615226858354, 0.1872615177549799, 0.312584717772736, -0.35243672975817, -0.21112629282582976, 0.11958658037400699, 0.16291542311384685, 0.10714450629156884, 0.0037607612021825915, -0.2731536433131646, 0.10901256603235969, -0.1392314611179636, -0.039124991227519, -0.1175674860118122, -0.00850186613683082, 0.01855089925332702, -0.23503217890068795, 0.05579872570450777, 0.07711716254736899, 0.07299995621595579, -0.06622536562064875, -0.15526147090971376, -0.0006237526223817958, 0.1670863784850012, 0.06114529603812254, 0.05512803874591578, 0.13419210647904797, -0.1472322159370148, -0.09655314447841595, 0.3770639501700673, 0.00999225318045768, -0.20190643418957538, 0.26416379811619467, -0.0540364145071399, -0.1573608836595299, 0.1163945644740251, 0.20070930765838585, 0.12248856424283283, -0.15880436500833928, 0.019145314703265182, -0.032605456745714724, 0.14236057781366795, 0.057749626273878765, -0.004795924956483701, 0.20586679610011133, 0.18198024810445082, 0.0446905733920233, 0.07182663127623758, -0.10681067511757623, -0.05829297821626916, -0.17355543591451972, -0.0906345555093692, -0.17975115829112032, -0.016072530598476194, -0.053780127242480144, -0.14980415644159517, 0.3467764984919466, 0.19938537164272951, 0.17660249757014593, 0.06619818557548938, 0.3140160132293837, 0.06271331809325545, 0.12305349751251832, 0.07028809243300065, 0.24841206550047013, 0.08519930493372457, 0.10092966233032366, -0.13670814142170468, 0.0957093755036734, 0.028382184278644338] |
711.2915 | Carmichael number variable relations: three-prime Carmichael numbers up
to 10^24 | Bounds and other relations involving variables connected with Carmichael
numbers are reviewed and extended. Families of numbers or individual numbers
attaining or approaching these bounds are given. A new algorithm for finding
three-prime Carmichael numbers is described, with its implementation up to
$10^{24}$. Statistics relevant to the distribution of three-prime Carmichael
numbers are given, with particular reference to the conjecture of Granville and
Pomerance in [A.Granville and C.Pomerance, Two contradictory conjectures
concerning Carmichael numbers, Math. Comp. 71 (2001), 883-908].
| math.NT | bounds and other relations involving variables connected with carmichael numbers are reviewed and extended families of numbers or individual numbers attaining or approaching these bounds are given a new algorithm for finding threeprime carmichael numbers is described with its implementation up to 1024 statistics relevant to the distribution of threeprime carmichael numbers are given with particular reference to the conjecture of granville and pomerance in agranville and cpomerance two contradictory conjectures concerning carmichael numbers math comp 71 2001 883908 | [['bounds', 'and', 'other', 'relations', 'involving', 'variables', 'connected', 'with', 'carmichael', 'numbers', 'are', 'reviewed', 'and', 'extended', 'families', 'of', 'numbers', 'or', 'individual', 'numbers', 'attaining', 'or', 'approaching', 'these', 'bounds', 'are', 'given', 'a', 'new', 'algorithm', 'for', 'finding', 'threeprime', 'carmichael', 'numbers', 'is', 'described', 'with', 'its', 'implementation', 'up', 'to', '1024', 'statistics', 'relevant', 'to', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'threeprime', 'carmichael', 'numbers', 'are', 'given', 'with', 'particular', 'reference', 'to', 'the', 'conjecture', 'of', 'granville', 'and', 'pomerance', 'in', 'agranville', 'and', 'cpomerance', 'two', 'contradictory', 'conjectures', 'concerning', 'carmichael', 'numbers', 'math', 'comp', '71', '2001', '883908']] | [-0.2086748906386722, 0.15385119038584985, -0.029432551494162334, 0.10593643383349684, -0.06605247288060032, -0.18000590997306923, 0.05882739563668637, 0.272095701173193, -0.2271398316554137, -0.42753220359353644, 0.09272078191555154, -0.31599808735221524, -0.10035029853277497, 0.2818049825605397, -0.10147674868226443, 0.09258603140341093, 0.013164885979341833, 0.0091623811075758, -0.022334342951102083, -0.3560346090479901, 0.2933272212547691, -0.022623017056551026, 0.19640761112953586, 0.04550597313056259, 0.023868734580709747, -0.045264920795728504, -0.06361153936258664, -0.015587702235758403, -0.16629050721071267, 0.1558794117361111, 0.263976861955598, 0.1621109298920553, 0.22415323217252367, -0.3523750561105676, -0.06191122451319212, 0.15268086618743837, 0.08926055319687676, -0.0035014381191056025, 0.005519584954814299, -0.2360555020062939, 0.10474760469285109, -0.13100459801008632, -0.1728192579589392, -0.08106323725874781, 0.08926930847136598, 0.1599455609378454, -0.2888289527771504, 0.08098166725769836, 0.040111225119816435, 0.09473646738517441, 0.021860673853600594, -0.23904823264303177, 0.04018454267765934, 0.057123033158285055, 0.04283173782689693, -0.005121063600343309, 0.014545662904550371, -0.11241280402081381, -0.18065354225568866, 0.3312452405041672, 0.0429152461353959, -0.1792869126105583, 0.17834558802362727, -0.13754701675651104, -0.19737778846971005, 0.10751154647502852, 0.11920961344271506, 0.1131762593592468, -0.011640822147264293, 0.043732419545784454, -0.1353651298222279, 0.08759552862734142, 0.21622805937658995, 0.0534058241173625, 0.1507097012853544, 0.026497209319036062, -0.03035668759165626, 0.09687243171088324, -0.03613453354122803, -0.10409782182327226, -0.2956849600335485, -0.15535522371034236, -0.18384547701938764, 0.0906693245572234, -0.04882712823286726, -0.1364416922902149, 0.3123366132770714, 0.10635678542434777, 0.17945097019209674, 0.1473607110214959, 0.1777248598610688, 0.10428095185565517, -0.025402708214977265, 0.09933648317880732, 0.12828887664516897, 0.2707640068164389, 0.03275587091124371, -0.05418280640151352, -0.002628576559608949, 0.12128893711212042] |
711.2916 | Exploring an ultracold Fermi-Fermi mixture: Interspecies Feshbach
resonances and scattering properties of 6Li and 40K | We report on the observation of Feshbach resonances in an ultracold mixture
of two fermionic species, 6Li and 40K. The experimental data are interpreted
using a simple asymptotic bound state model and full coupled channels
calculations. This unambiguously assigns the observed resonances in terms of
various s- and p-wave molecular states and fully characterizes the ground-state
scattering properties in any combination of spin states.
| cond-mat.other | we report on the observation of feshbach resonances in an ultracold mixture of two fermionic species 6li and 40k the experimental data are interpreted using a simple asymptotic bound state model and full coupled channels calculations this unambiguously assigns the observed resonances in terms of various s and pwave molecular states and fully characterizes the groundstate scattering properties in any combination of spin states | [['we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'observation', 'of', 'feshbach', 'resonances', 'in', 'an', 'ultracold', 'mixture', 'of', 'two', 'fermionic', 'species', '6li', 'and', '40k', 'the', 'experimental', 'data', 'are', 'interpreted', 'using', 'a', 'simple', 'asymptotic', 'bound', 'state', 'model', 'and', 'full', 'coupled', 'channels', 'calculations', 'this', 'unambiguously', 'assigns', 'the', 'observed', 'resonances', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'various', 's', 'and', 'pwave', 'molecular', 'states', 'and', 'fully', 'characterizes', 'the', 'groundstate', 'scattering', 'properties', 'in', 'any', 'combination', 'of', 'spin', 'states']] | [-0.15547399887964275, 0.21965089048376285, -0.07110777952766512, 0.0368271411916794, 0.040314502810360864, -0.13921647686947836, 0.10507942443655338, 0.33460998012742493, -0.19294686793000437, -0.26585024903761223, -0.03486684691415576, -0.3201324758119881, -0.062302979073137976, 0.11948380168178119, 0.0868909851560602, 0.09212147202924825, 0.0895459682578803, 0.026876969102886505, -0.046056417195359245, -0.18864998691424262, 0.3292474634199607, -0.025291348203609232, 0.26193866356334183, 0.12231644181883894, 0.05734156920698297, 0.006142006066511385, 0.06227213906458928, -0.10676095671078656, -0.15001043382653734, 0.10866702910243475, 0.2651067743099702, 0.022657623716440867, 0.10245005496835802, -0.4486690170597285, -0.2047670567408204, 0.08329844451509416, 0.18956913312649704, 0.18335316076263553, -0.017669763607045752, -0.3686801993753761, -0.058281129982788116, -0.19893649601726793, -0.142364201892633, -0.1491247016201669, -0.02179042588977609, -0.022568825545022264, -0.26433672721032053, 0.09949170014442643, 0.025997394255682593, 0.10546208262064738, -0.12921367644867132, -0.17994775602710433, 0.007151872012400418, 0.03732238662632881, -0.052066714839384076, -0.03403400480601704, 0.12509347515151603, -0.14954601272256696, -0.14619499620675924, 0.331572137933108, -0.15586872354833758, -0.16066117738955654, 0.2397075030094129, -0.14002421183977276, -0.09991661555977771, 0.15177422134729568, 0.12828821007860824, 0.1242477919877274, -0.15223813100601546, 0.07829305967243272, -0.09053013010998257, 0.1643563260058727, 0.020665722295234445, 0.10422779753571376, 0.22649063215067144, 0.1567663991882, -0.049784742812335026, 0.1554700352717191, -0.1560106558717962, -0.10434674823773094, -0.2793727217358537, -0.14865217602527991, -0.2288582947512623, -0.01986340906296391, 0.008719593061869091, -0.11807989090448245, 0.40583937006886117, 0.07606792600654444, 0.27281424493412487, -0.051878357411624165, 0.24664162087719887, 0.11078353576886002, 0.012488159176427871, 0.028754108818247914, 0.24113537315861322, 0.20833381891134195, -0.024983328067946786, -0.3311842924740631, 0.05742115121392999, -0.0060957196255913] |
711.2917 | Use of Wikipedia Categories in Entity Ranking | Wikipedia is a useful source of knowledge that has many applications in
language processing and knowledge representation. The Wikipedia category graph
can be compared with the class hierarchy in an ontology; it has some
characteristics in common as well as some differences. In this paper, we
present our approach for answering entity ranking queries from the Wikipedia.
In particular, we explore how to make use of Wikipedia categories to improve
entity ranking effectiveness. Our experiments show that using categories of
example entities works significantly better than using loosely defined target
categories.
| cs.IR | wikipedia is a useful source of knowledge that has many applications in language processing and knowledge representation the wikipedia category graph can be compared with the class hierarchy in an ontology it has some characteristics in common as well as some differences in this paper we present our approach for answering entity ranking queries from the wikipedia in particular we explore how to make use of wikipedia categories to improve entity ranking effectiveness our experiments show that using categories of example entities works significantly better than using loosely defined target categories | [['wikipedia', 'is', 'a', 'useful', 'source', 'of', 'knowledge', 'that', 'has', 'many', 'applications', 'in', 'language', 'processing', 'and', 'knowledge', 'representation', 'the', 'wikipedia', 'category', 'graph', 'can', 'be', 'compared', 'with', 'the', 'class', 'hierarchy', 'in', 'an', 'ontology', 'it', 'has', 'some', 'characteristics', 'in', 'common', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'some', 'differences', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'our', 'approach', 'for', 'answering', 'entity', 'ranking', 'queries', 'from', 'the', 'wikipedia', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'explore', 'how', 'to', 'make', 'use', 'of', 'wikipedia', 'categories', 'to', 'improve', 'entity', 'ranking', 'effectiveness', 'our', 'experiments', 'show', 'that', 'using', 'categories', 'of', 'example', 'entities', 'works', 'significantly', 'better', 'than', 'using', 'loosely', 'defined', 'target', 'categories']] | [-0.010053900653844351, -0.03915703255580201, -0.04646574166490809, 0.12552052596583962, -0.17288517515983556, -0.09999784791923977, 0.042959021362169024, 0.46137428193629443, -0.2897604678317413, -0.3783326277018085, 0.04508515537056335, -0.3096399934819111, -0.17044906174907318, 0.20794737961266066, -0.13417843898123766, -0.02735001005355146, 0.15334046746675783, 0.13278359879360913, -0.025940856962863888, -0.2812432113099091, 0.40419467383033625, 0.037918178466977655, 0.3023217257296482, 0.06200393110738842, 0.04422197270764877, -0.03991474962414621, -0.04620678572925729, 0.020365915148631557, -0.05591331602916618, 0.1851249109892236, 0.4266572767142002, 0.27103645370884255, 0.2954500641911751, -0.3512444355125938, -0.20747007370496598, 0.07296350913680066, 0.17176187275857716, 0.10246174716503247, -0.03586858761711763, -0.36248536253409397, 0.08757660082019456, -0.24558442333779698, 0.029764838506477875, -0.14082422704118622, 0.034094115028382985, 0.029476551670366183, -0.20840595442428161, -0.01104720850004354, 0.08977614295640755, 0.06442092576033466, -0.03359474427998066, -0.1142310514831199, 0.04585212175631998, 0.19727972854481457, 0.03273222373880364, 0.05613983486482239, 0.13791474484030034, -0.15559030137188568, -0.21635050272343906, 0.4115232924756768, -0.06963821201521908, -0.23379280295345808, 0.19732921401673292, -0.036029144950149646, -0.20330830374579098, 0.017630110545964032, 0.16081441358591503, 0.10400696140253446, -0.15755995653651572, 0.03292629866193018, -0.12010415493009183, 0.21808549972599026, 0.11057240228107261, 0.02366153887811419, 0.1586228842120413, 0.2666008580849598, 0.008561636136389328, 0.16467455432591652, -0.0165534616540094, -0.048492921114602426, -0.21759378838424498, -0.15927717386959836, -0.16737944652213826, -0.0048603875419268245, -0.10552142213011073, -0.14342622053655948, 0.40211365405715754, 0.2797272052912676, 0.18549874654694737, 0.06583703013525886, 0.2742095218132158, -0.011851319306335607, 0.08315848719819889, 0.09515009197703266, 0.10867703382429861, 0.01990193209692754, 0.14256728080275294, -0.061562692109434, 0.10881371435371566, 0.05512664705555845] |
711.2918 | Quantum Blockades and Loop Currents in Graphene with Topological Defects | We investigate the effect of topological defects on the transport properties
of a narrow ballistic ribbon of graphene with zigzag edges. Our results show
that the longitudinal conductance vanishes at several discrete Fermi energies
where the system develops loop orbital electric currents with certain
chirality. The chirality depends on the direction of the applied bias voltage
and the sign of the local curvature created by the topological defects. This
novel quantum blockade phenomenon provides a new way to generate a magnetic
moment by an external electric field, which can prove useful in carbon
electronics.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we investigate the effect of topological defects on the transport properties of a narrow ballistic ribbon of graphene with zigzag edges our results show that the longitudinal conductance vanishes at several discrete fermi energies where the system develops loop orbital electric currents with certain chirality the chirality depends on the direction of the applied bias voltage and the sign of the local curvature created by the topological defects this novel quantum blockade phenomenon provides a new way to generate a magnetic moment by an external electric field which can prove useful in carbon electronics | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'topological', 'defects', 'on', 'the', 'transport', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'narrow', 'ballistic', 'ribbon', 'of', 'graphene', 'with', 'zigzag', 'edges', 'our', 'results', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'longitudinal', 'conductance', 'vanishes', 'at', 'several', 'discrete', 'fermi', 'energies', 'where', 'the', 'system', 'develops', 'loop', 'orbital', 'electric', 'currents', 'with', 'certain', 'chirality', 'the', 'chirality', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'applied', 'bias', 'voltage', 'and', 'the', 'sign', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'curvature', 'created', 'by', 'the', 'topological', 'defects', 'this', 'novel', 'quantum', 'blockade', 'phenomenon', 'provides', 'a', 'new', 'way', 'to', 'generate', 'a', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'by', 'an', 'external', 'electric', 'field', 'which', 'can', 'prove', 'useful', 'in', 'carbon', 'electronics']] | [-0.23974570538848639, 0.2094054281467911, -0.05057964142550655, 0.009850821099888057, -0.06057869082879017, -0.13134810811483322, 0.04513420767282096, 0.3925613886577652, -0.30496836080651807, -0.28344944069914996, -0.035837901162944656, -0.23899813763242453, -0.14504424944282213, 0.18001754376839132, -0.011979671086164866, 0.0028883765520963897, 0.007972640443613078, 0.017997925662673376, -0.05554009408769297, -0.1963192085002331, 0.2839888864236468, 0.003252709282257475, 0.34598972036087133, 0.1480778698868891, 0.06077721329069043, 0.025740003225671007, 0.08961904706294707, 0.07965833629590478, -0.12401515114942548, 0.09062981624230544, 0.16156517190145367, -0.112111150784953, 0.213964127370731, -0.47926062472323155, -0.18703078037682683, 0.012300926176434818, 0.11061644867221092, 0.16227298386845776, -0.0984643055249917, -0.31350821686631186, 0.07602665383130947, -0.11747938167660478, -0.15093086902894318, -0.06506780364570465, -0.00828633445161494, 0.0268481334595832, -0.21469464326435897, 0.0848610342648673, 0.0774009509570649, 0.07086750478582814, -0.038679230849238785, -0.096813001411105, -0.09074141473776878, 0.08103247294282948, 0.05421092995799127, 0.02663323947010522, 0.22283999501985122, -0.15086446622969193, -0.16782374332777839, 0.32941214983014666, -0.06507685671664497, -0.15880779262946082, 0.11744382216079914, -0.18706808906999675, -0.07969759806911363, 0.13348647747486037, 0.11368361472627743, 0.09860137533743252, -0.13607256079805977, 0.08925383414099726, -0.010294242662952301, 0.10742174643290012, 0.04049962324813563, 0.04936588110223888, 0.31120390646120016, 0.13039708869690272, 0.14635530209287684, 0.18730326073412645, -0.16092545116395954, -0.019353876955450534, -0.2879368329539578, -0.17659919788228703, -0.19188664527609944, 0.10810242512788465, -0.06163627539864776, -0.2386613216627627, 0.493153120861686, 0.17581396680822203, 0.21156789073126114, -0.049698623866982206, 0.2770998583551734, 0.148093608181993, 0.08679280815487529, 0.039440473843801845, 0.2257791642059988, 0.17505998377926013, 0.12885276198466408, -0.3006669944697159, 0.05349179453890216, 0.04452857679310948] |
711.2919 | Structural parameters of star clusters: relations among light, mass and
star-count radial profiles and the dependence on photometric depth | Structural parameters of model star clusters are measured in radial profiles
built from number-density, mass-density and surface-brightness distributions,
assuming as well different photometric conditions. Star clusters of different
ages, structure and mass functions are modelled by assuming that the radial
distribution of stars follows a pre-defined analytical form. Near-infrared
surface brightness and mass-density profiles result from mass-luminosity
relations taken from a set of isochrones. Core, tidal and half-light, half-mass
and half-star count radii, together with the concentration parameter, are
measured in the three types of profiles, which are built under different
photometric depths. While surface-brightness profiles are almost insensitive to
photometric depth, radii measured in number-density and mass-density profiles
change significantly with it. Compared to radii derived with deep photometry,
shallow profiles result in lower values. This effect increases for younger
ages. Radial profiles of clusters with a spatially-uniform mass function
produce radii that do not depend on depth. With deep photometry, number-density
profiles yield radii systematically larger than those derived from
surface-brightness ones. In general, low-noise surface-brightness profiles
result in uniform structural parameters that are essentially independent of
photometric depth. For less-populous star clusters, those projected against
dense fields and/or distant ones, which result in noisy surface-brightness
profiles, this work provides a quantitative way to estimate the intrinsic radii
by means of number-density profiles built with depth-limited photometry.
| astro-ph | structural parameters of model star clusters are measured in radial profiles built from numberdensity massdensity and surfacebrightness distributions assuming as well different photometric conditions star clusters of different ages structure and mass functions are modelled by assuming that the radial distribution of stars follows a predefined analytical form nearinfrared surface brightness and massdensity profiles result from massluminosity relations taken from a set of isochrones core tidal and halflight halfmass and halfstar count radii together with the concentration parameter are measured in the three types of profiles which are built under different photometric depths while surfacebrightness profiles are almost insensitive to photometric depth radii measured in numberdensity and massdensity profiles change significantly with it compared to radii derived with deep photometry shallow profiles result in lower values this effect increases for younger ages radial profiles of clusters with a spatiallyuniform mass function produce radii that do not depend on depth with deep photometry numberdensity profiles yield radii systematically larger than those derived from surfacebrightness ones in general lownoise surfacebrightness profiles result in uniform structural parameters that are essentially independent of photometric depth for lesspopulous star clusters those projected against dense fields andor distant ones which result in noisy surfacebrightness profiles this work provides a quantitative way to estimate the intrinsic radii by means of numberdensity profiles built with depthlimited photometry | [['structural', 'parameters', 'of', 'model', 'star', 'clusters', 'are', 'measured', 'in', 'radial', 'profiles', 'built', 'from', 'numberdensity', 'massdensity', 'and', 'surfacebrightness', 'distributions', 'assuming', 'as', 'well', 'different', 'photometric', 'conditions', 'star', 'clusters', 'of', 'different', 'ages', 'structure', 'and', 'mass', 'functions', 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711.292 | Primordial Non-Gaussianity in Multi-Scalar Inflation | We give a concise formula for the non-Gaussianity of the primordial curvature
perturbation generated on super-horizon scales in multi-scalar inflation model
without assuming slow-roll conditions. This is an extension of our previous
work. Using this formula, we study the generation of non-Gaussianity for the
double inflation models in which the slow-roll conditions are temporarily
violated after horizon exit, and we show that the non-linear parameter $f_{NL}$
for such models is suppressed by the slow-roll parameters evaluated at the time
of horizon exit.
| astro-ph | we give a concise formula for the nongaussianity of the primordial curvature perturbation generated on superhorizon scales in multiscalar inflation model without assuming slowroll conditions this is an extension of our previous work using this formula we study the generation of nongaussianity for the double inflation models in which the slowroll conditions are temporarily violated after horizon exit and we show that the nonlinear parameter f_nl for such models is suppressed by the slowroll parameters evaluated at the time of horizon exit | [['we', 'give', 'a', 'concise', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'nongaussianity', 'of', 'the', 'primordial', 'curvature', 'perturbation', 'generated', 'on', 'superhorizon', 'scales', 'in', 'multiscalar', 'inflation', 'model', 'without', 'assuming', 'slowroll', 'conditions', 'this', 'is', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'our', 'previous', 'work', 'using', 'this', 'formula', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'nongaussianity', 'for', 'the', 'double', 'inflation', 'models', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'slowroll', 'conditions', 'are', 'temporarily', 'violated', 'after', 'horizon', 'exit', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'parameter', 'f_nl', 'for', 'such', 'models', 'is', 'suppressed', 'by', 'the', 'slowroll', 'parameters', 'evaluated', 'at', 'the', 'time', 'of', 'horizon', 'exit']] | [-0.1650058642007047, 0.16367774957201087, -0.12315374538415998, 0.1393524059804338, -0.06511409091763198, -0.1313959332864459, -0.05175606656547, 0.28136470970674987, -0.22324359779836747, -0.26127993469921557, 0.09916259565038561, -0.18057322303378365, -0.12166454879816894, 0.20187023746292676, -0.03394393503904433, 0.044615598253496896, 0.03395179394070377, 0.03387635970124748, -0.005191632418711557, -0.30188165396372446, 0.3575022994858644, 0.11816909425414918, 0.20596911826329986, 0.02065234194032666, 0.06867967812321717, -0.06925086462415936, 0.013751539743857503, -0.022197445627392794, -0.2379773304398951, 0.03228058012929268, 0.1473476022107295, 0.14813405240704192, 0.2427158880717598, -0.461934943195069, -0.254081810046578, 0.16811880279650412, 0.09536579588325922, 0.1803305829667895, -0.014350742653932241, -0.30220837866115136, 0.06812016455820058, -0.16493097409923993, -0.10197570609360389, -0.08713039510497232, -0.002615849782780903, -0.09011075155605085, -0.34616545375533087, 0.15208532760010623, 0.028912339881971116, 0.000563829876028183, -0.03983785701552179, -0.019709719174609678, -0.015114305214388522, 0.015377290757009533, 0.11325295007554814, -0.030783203597998292, 0.14585525752542108, -0.15794214066231577, -0.055796459601147146, 0.33194744158195466, -0.18264987327658186, -0.14131771441458202, 0.006187686140126571, -0.16701557785386173, -0.1874817634035447, 0.0484702993048037, 0.11269518509280027, 0.1725004057445359, -0.10889958699301976, 0.18777394226522232, 0.08396762260235846, 0.1362432598125008, 0.13515798690183678, 0.001199195030849518, 0.27103597009781655, 0.12350085564241631, 0.06841324471368841, 0.1434960022977576, -0.06001314598919324, -0.10557623779991777, -0.4544063000144755, -0.06514146394755055, -0.19475085935385034, 0.03515489774233684, -0.2022087152863827, -0.19142069517657523, 0.4424583311760571, 0.1796065919192099, 0.19496772320168773, 0.145261645522934, 0.3002054013947888, 0.15545624968874064, 0.043875971786314395, 0.057952031706141806, 0.3164825557912814, 0.05884122864695311, 0.11340388954935096, -0.19290392381343535, 0.020543600886878444, 0.05482229957266188] |
711.2921 | Electromagnetic form-factor of the $\pi$ meson with light-cone QCD sum
rules | In this article, we calculate the electromagnetic form-factor of the $\pi$
meson with the light-cone QCD sum rules. The numerical value $F_\pi^{p}(0)
=0.999\pm 0.001$ is in excellent agreement with the experimental data
(extrapolated to the limit of zero momentum transfer, or the normalization
condition $F_\pi(0)=1$). For large momentum transfers, the values from the two
sum rules are all comparable with the experimental data and theoretical
estimations.
| hep-ph | in this article we calculate the electromagnetic formfactor of the pi meson with the lightcone qcd sum rules the numerical value f_pip0 0999pm 0001 is in excellent agreement with the experimental data extrapolated to the limit of zero momentum transfer or the normalization condition f_pi01 for large momentum transfers the values from the two sum rules are all comparable with the experimental data and theoretical estimations | [['in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'electromagnetic', 'formfactor', 'of', 'the', 'pi', 'meson', 'with', 'the', 'lightcone', 'qcd', 'sum', 'rules', 'the', 'numerical', 'value', 'f_pip0', '0999pm', '0001', 'is', 'in', 'excellent', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'experimental', 'data', 'extrapolated', 'to', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'zero', 'momentum', 'transfer', 'or', 'the', 'normalization', 'condition', 'f_pi01', 'for', 'large', 'momentum', 'transfers', 'the', 'values', 'from', 'the', 'two', 'sum', 'rules', 'are', 'all', 'comparable', 'with', 'the', 'experimental', 'data', 'and', 'theoretical', 'estimations']] | [-0.10532953877312441, 0.15193990227721987, -0.09064943867085117, 0.060692960706849895, -0.06268304196049622, -0.03257888517091199, 0.09837241688122352, 0.348338741040419, -0.20156083217570706, -0.2661687569722297, 0.05339200596975547, -0.35963105960261255, -0.008712146464469177, 0.16355496829390406, 0.0567149524724791, 0.1184772329004426, 0.1321902306277364, 0.042797493822281325, -0.11759901620329373, -0.16349181637818377, 0.31526428197939244, 0.03877011965960264, 0.33081096851281705, 0.0995696697103244, 0.05264371712248595, 0.026368852069098798, -0.051803138107061386, -0.019877388585536254, -0.1651845079595371, 0.1098935336672834, 0.23281822430472526, 0.037103066971111626, 0.1596835693196645, -0.3785295103868795, -0.0934354370341651, 0.10142930270364833, 0.12170275944536404, 0.10019350820590579, 0.005547517711030585, -0.19896864438695566, 0.10092873752601297, -0.19154684668746852, -0.10108157262087815, -0.12534773423676454, -0.02196448499573365, 0.03820236111503272, -0.34443145169920864, 0.08544289124094778, -0.05899440919950841, 0.04313104255272755, -0.11184457556477614, -0.23689318266475484, -0.006884817266836762, 0.11286795893610115, 0.13025101115705356, 0.09888206544287857, 0.08267149656626677, -0.15498577071250313, -0.10336636547147045, 0.41098910355792634, -0.06428164897102212, -0.22464239629842933, 0.09826206381890983, -0.20094552291705023, -0.06289248385777076, 0.1423556306547234, 0.08694205273474966, 0.06473017998394512, -0.12347386585223297, 0.05340304046717753, -0.05588135220819995, 0.12118585319036529, 0.052440331450068496, 0.042965042248570604, 0.2026837264734601, 0.12443133569248611, -0.06222571145802263, 0.07908412877706782, -0.08086345091255175, -0.13492747254314877, -0.39692178800229044, -0.07967218064836093, -0.18917082284673278, 0.07654886455496862, -0.14435330255184367, -0.09323558140368689, 0.3453718178151619, 0.15587774792035658, 0.2897425382481223, 0.11894375694886086, 0.37899700333438224, 0.17209394146052617, 0.09105986287255609, 0.052057254926434586, 0.30635287172885406, 0.1561556486117225, 0.12893574136516747, -0.2628516974260232, -0.006418587211223822, 0.01923830777643219] |
711.2922 | Natural Number Arithmetic in the Theory of Finite Sets | We describe a theory of finite sets, and investigate the analogue of
Dedekind's theory of natural number systems (simply infinite systems) in this
theory. Unlike the infinitary case, in our theory, natural number systems come
in differing lengths and with different closure properties. We give examples of
natural number systems incomparable in length; we define hierarchies of natural
number systems closed under increasingly powerful functions; and we describe a
method by which to construct natural number systems with given closure
properties. These natural number systems form natural models for various
systems of weak arithmetic.
| math.LO | we describe a theory of finite sets and investigate the analogue of dedekinds theory of natural number systems simply infinite systems in this theory unlike the infinitary case in our theory natural number systems come in differing lengths and with different closure properties we give examples of natural number systems incomparable in length we define hierarchies of natural number systems closed under increasingly powerful functions and we describe a method by which to construct natural number systems with given closure properties these natural number systems form natural models for various systems of weak arithmetic | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'theory', 'of', 'finite', 'sets', 'and', 'investigate', 'the', 'analogue', 'of', 'dedekinds', 'theory', 'of', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'simply', 'infinite', 'systems', 'in', 'this', 'theory', 'unlike', 'the', 'infinitary', 'case', 'in', 'our', 'theory', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'come', 'in', 'differing', 'lengths', 'and', 'with', 'different', 'closure', 'properties', 'we', 'give', 'examples', 'of', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'incomparable', 'in', 'length', 'we', 'define', 'hierarchies', 'of', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'closed', 'under', 'increasingly', 'powerful', 'functions', 'and', 'we', 'describe', 'a', 'method', 'by', 'which', 'to', 'construct', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'with', 'given', 'closure', 'properties', 'these', 'natural', 'number', 'systems', 'form', 'natural', 'models', 'for', 'various', 'systems', 'of', 'weak', 'arithmetic']] | [-0.18136840505882146, 0.1204296567061163, -0.03596385400940446, 0.13716955340103285, -0.03765342898785751, -0.09638675489522358, 0.004009099761420425, 0.29463834446319875, -0.3267051973479225, -0.3002258194263707, 0.038770014752059226, -0.2443004093192359, -0.19608085653546484, 0.26423377189983394, -0.08843973607934535, 0.07405597598420734, 0.02229842004376127, 0.07497323075794872, -0.06573434450485288, -0.24322520333163916, 0.35772138975679557, -0.06344957108748087, 0.2507941294164258, -0.007299226280821963, 0.09460895661106135, 0.02990919735996013, 0.018579057749717475, 0.08230405411326346, -0.1374050702124418, 0.1645254385707147, 0.2635187661253053, 0.17255246834928525, 0.25847249573215525, -0.46969440634897414, -0.21991437153910545, 0.16671351504888623, 0.09429874812857189, 0.10192438122999677, -0.01949556065881823, -0.21548002866899318, 0.13140119855326818, -0.19142627418833844, -0.14680986345170977, -0.11180310678529612, 0.06862645704754965, 0.07188055620707096, -0.2022584419638077, -0.003238607658707398, 0.08567833733507135, 0.162745021016119, -0.02533653811947938, -0.10844738237520164, 0.05293994348501153, 0.08749805250393346, 0.01136553070527759, -0.0454472263066217, 0.049769304613483716, -0.09689002726573814, -0.12981886078821533, 0.39963208149841173, -0.04932822605119424, -0.24169432547840072, 0.2900315244246195, -0.10957924364273378, -0.20800363768803629, 0.0669891652403439, 0.18479722398432327, 0.14831653266075126, -0.09311274590684061, 0.12112887348655235, -0.10937109424118349, 0.14879144408165457, 0.07111495171990642, 0.1226855665247174, 0.2051543891182209, 0.14032858308959514, 0.041958767534332704, 0.1637091457130427, 0.07471017981879413, -0.1193919189304034, -0.2903689029131164, -0.13810098576458527, -0.09421497081317246, 0.03825632780245406, -0.069447874001932, -0.2297377061356414, 0.3290923124134659, 0.16234640535363493, 0.19648643746536146, 0.10914694979672934, 0.2519831941438284, 0.13502834995705734, 0.05291184460486662, -0.0007618543880179207, 0.0758894142704679, 0.18458100682681183, 0.01128664892166853, -0.1532569443807006, -0.015219291473956818, 0.13665507089822215] |
711.2923 | MASH-II: More Planetary Nebulae from the AAO/UKST H\alpha Survey | We present a supplement to the Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg H$\alpha$ planetary
nebulae (PNe) catalogue (MASH), which we denote MASH-II. The supplement
consists of over 300 true, likely and possible new Galactic PNe found after
re-examination of the entire AAO/UKST H$\alpha$ survey of the southern Galactic
Plane in digital form. We have spectroscopically confirmed over 240 of these
new candidates as bona-fide PNe and we include other high quality candidates
awaiting spectroscopic confirmation as possible PNe. These latest discoveries
largely comprise two distinct groups: small, star-like or moderately resolved
PNe at one end and mostly large, extremely low surface brightness PNe at the
other. Neither group were easy to discover from simple visual scrutiny of the
original survey exposures as for MASH but were relatively straightforward to
uncover from the digital images via application of semi-automated discovery
techniques. We suspect the few PNe still hidden in the H$\alpha$ survey will
lie outside our search criteria or be difficult to find.
| astro-ph | we present a supplement to the macquarieaaostrasbourg halpha planetary nebulae pne catalogue mash which we denote mashii the supplement consists of over 300 true likely and possible new galactic pne found after reexamination of the entire aaoukst halpha survey of the southern galactic plane in digital form we have spectroscopically confirmed over 240 of these new candidates as bonafide pne and we include other high quality candidates awaiting spectroscopic confirmation as possible pne these latest discoveries largely comprise two distinct groups small starlike or moderately resolved pne at one end and mostly large extremely low surface brightness pne at the other neither group were easy to discover from simple visual scrutiny of the original survey exposures as for mash but were relatively straightforward to uncover from the digital images via application of semiautomated discovery techniques we suspect the few pne still hidden in the halpha survey will lie outside our search criteria or be difficult to find | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'supplement', 'to', 'the', 'macquarieaaostrasbourg', 'halpha', 'planetary', 'nebulae', 'pne', 'catalogue', 'mash', 'which', 'we', 'denote', 'mashii', 'the', 'supplement', 'consists', 'of', 'over', '300', 'true', 'likely', 'and', 'possible', 'new', 'galactic', 'pne', 'found', 'after', 'reexamination', 'of', 'the', 'entire', 'aaoukst', 'halpha', 'survey', 'of', 'the', 'southern', 'galactic', 'plane', 'in', 'digital', 'form', 'we', 'have', 'spectroscopically', 'confirmed', 'over', '240', 'of', 'these', 'new', 'candidates', 'as', 'bonafide', 'pne', 'and', 'we', 'include', 'other', 'high', 'quality', 'candidates', 'awaiting', 'spectroscopic', 'confirmation', 'as', 'possible', 'pne', 'these', 'latest', 'discoveries', 'largely', 'comprise', 'two', 'distinct', 'groups', 'small', 'starlike', 'or', 'moderately', 'resolved', 'pne', 'at', 'one', 'end', 'and', 'mostly', 'large', 'extremely', 'low', 'surface', 'brightness', 'pne', 'at', 'the', 'other', 'neither', 'group', 'were', 'easy', 'to', 'discover', 'from', 'simple', 'visual', 'scrutiny', 'of', 'the', 'original', 'survey', 'exposures', 'as', 'for', 'mash', 'but', 'were', 'relatively', 'straightforward', 'to', 'uncover', 'from', 'the', 'digital', 'images', 'via', 'application', 'of', 'semiautomated', 'discovery', 'techniques', 'we', 'suspect', 'the', 'few', 'pne', 'still', 'hidden', 'in', 'the', 'halpha', 'survey', 'will', 'lie', 'outside', 'our', 'search', 'criteria', 'or', 'be', 'difficult', 'to', 'find']] | [-0.04282557501797923, 0.010662662848913804, -0.04553386709766272, 0.09291192729814121, -0.18662755698926795, -0.09750045030915107, 0.09479389155958182, 0.42256357790663457, -0.1808642769435373, -0.38453107406027043, 0.09637248750405912, -0.29171808732625765, -0.06165802392523545, 0.23615987894150656, -0.06623153516818256, -0.06414632021616666, 0.08789935616853957, -0.09254928684244171, 0.002147361453330049, -0.3301182896001802, 0.24359885574533388, 0.01208054370736369, 0.1498338057874487, -0.04830515901976002, 0.03803630926920913, -0.08882269046555918, -0.14460589398797125, -0.016937862289173957, -0.14547267613726525, 0.06233830454659302, 0.3219474229457167, 0.16773169650099215, 0.23000361959043986, -0.3362857747214058, -0.13509387657783614, 0.0627277495372348, 0.23979726676285887, 0.06487348081338076, -0.08212305603919025, -0.306777929337934, 0.10370345297866525, -0.17789887036614788, -0.21668341318824483, 0.003438228896508614, 0.045242288461080395, 0.04919823488363853, -0.16476688549021043, 0.07786001746232311, -0.026612260952018775, 0.17715240100761337, -0.10555850856680757, -0.1846324436490436, -0.04111527863633222, 0.11028495858399531, -0.02311558625063835, 0.03080971407680175, 0.11648345122543666, -0.1365472146142752, -0.04126796006816081, 0.379684354733819, -0.01644801378297882, 0.03600431011261371, 0.2754605377379518, -0.20789212627539363, -0.21966822267709993, 0.19552197419509937, 0.16561392362480268, 0.14315496648972234, -0.20892896571268255, -0.0014308489740076952, -0.04906112164593278, 0.18190391488613572, 0.050207603607141674, 0.09199871288803525, 0.3169806282027051, 0.0824043119116537, 0.03488236393045204, 0.12581596095174646, -0.2514730567196145, -0.017380961880404264, -0.26450672385264906, -0.10641430261043403, -0.10238503046312895, 0.07405773245157504, -0.055877303626729345, -0.1504547118809289, 0.3228109804734301, 0.12485064727922854, 0.17612139156941944, -0.0046656060839245, 0.2720030867375242, -0.019937291644358385, 0.15545174184283567, 0.05260831740451977, 0.3228645389638423, 0.15089364539837846, 0.09100320534511971, -0.11178548485622741, 0.09346141773972377, -0.024563602627052043] |
711.2924 | On Constructing the Analytical Solutions for Localizations in a Slender
Cylinder Composed of an Incompressible Hyperelastic Material | In this paper, we study the localization phenomena in a slender cylinder
composed of an incompressible hyperelastic material subjected to axial tension.
We aim to construct the analytical solutions based on a three-dimensional
setting and use the analytical results to describe the key features observed in
the experiments by others. Using a novel approach of coupled series-asymptotic
expansions, we derive the normal form equation of the original governing
nonlinear partial differential equations. By writing the normal form equation
into a first-order dynamical system and with the help of the phase plane, we
manage to solve two boundary-value problems analytically. The explicit solution
expressions (in terms of integrals) are obtained. By analyzing the solutions,
we find that the width of the localization zone depends on the material
parameters but remains almost unchanged for the same material in the post-peak
region. Also, it is found that when the radius-length ratio is relatively small
there is a snap-back phenomenon. These results are well in agreement with the
experimental observations. Through an energy analysis, we also deduce the
preferred configuration and give a prediction when a snap-through can happen.
Finally, based on the maximum-energy-distortion theory, an analytical criterion
for the onset of material failure is provided.
| physics.class-ph physics.comp-ph | in this paper we study the localization phenomena in a slender cylinder composed of an incompressible hyperelastic material subjected to axial tension we aim to construct the analytical solutions based on a threedimensional setting and use the analytical results to describe the key features observed in the experiments by others using a novel approach of coupled seriesasymptotic expansions we derive the normal form equation of the original governing nonlinear partial differential equations by writing the normal form equation into a firstorder dynamical system and with the help of the phase plane we manage to solve two boundaryvalue problems analytically the explicit solution expressions in terms of integrals are obtained by analyzing the solutions we find that the width of the localization zone depends on the material parameters but remains almost unchanged for the same material in the postpeak region also it is found that when the radiuslength ratio is relatively small there is a snapback phenomenon these results are well in agreement with the experimental observations through an energy analysis we also deduce the preferred configuration and give a prediction when a snapthrough can happen finally based on the maximumenergydistortion theory an analytical criterion for the onset of material failure is provided | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'localization', 'phenomena', 'in', 'a', 'slender', 'cylinder', 'composed', 'of', 'an', 'incompressible', 'hyperelastic', 'material', 'subjected', 'to', 'axial', 'tension', 'we', 'aim', 'to', 'construct', 'the', 'analytical', 'solutions', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'setting', 'and', 'use', 'the', 'analytical', 'results', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'key', 'features', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'experiments', 'by', 'others', 'using', 'a', 'novel', 'approach', 'of', 'coupled', 'seriesasymptotic', 'expansions', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'normal', 'form', 'equation', 'of', 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711.2925 | Spectral asymptotics for arithmetic quotients of SL(n,R)/SO(n) | In this paper we study the asymptotic distribution of the cuspidal spectrum
of arithmetic quotients of the symmetric space S=SL(n,R)/SO(n). In particular,
we obtain Weyl's law with an estimation on the remainder term. This extends
results of Duistermaat-Kolk-Varadarajan on spectral asymptotics for compact
locally symmetric spaces to this non-compact setting.
| math.RT math.SP | in this paper we study the asymptotic distribution of the cuspidal spectrum of arithmetic quotients of the symmetric space sslnrson in particular we obtain weyls law with an estimation on the remainder term this extends results of duistermaatkolkvaradarajan on spectral asymptotics for compact locally symmetric spaces to this noncompact setting | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'cuspidal', 'spectrum', 'of', 'arithmetic', 'quotients', 'of', 'the', 'symmetric', 'space', 'sslnrson', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'obtain', 'weyls', 'law', 'with', 'an', 'estimation', 'on', 'the', 'remainder', 'term', 'this', 'extends', 'results', 'of', 'duistermaatkolkvaradarajan', 'on', 'spectral', 'asymptotics', 'for', 'compact', 'locally', 'symmetric', 'spaces', 'to', 'this', 'noncompact', 'setting']] | [-0.145925629127305, 0.026016083897957287, -0.15936812110400447, 0.08134970520040952, -0.08788559100745867, -0.033305959562615804, -0.0006910153291149376, 0.3308284912491217, -0.23273744496206442, -0.18622011774762845, 0.1578872998118944, -0.2482749826934499, -0.15358214131750478, 0.18674471823032945, -0.1860212026319156, 0.0061632407596334815, -0.0046318680882298695, 0.0858380989326785, -0.13415371312294155, -0.25475592123499763, 0.4597279140725732, 0.01734668870146076, 0.25157964157794294, 0.029164109980532277, 0.05316279857167198, 0.037870429805479944, -0.058434931425532945, -0.07784061618015888, -0.18587549226746583, 0.2042579846456647, 0.2555412872073551, 0.011600915517192334, 0.2237082263066744, -0.33204929701363045, -0.1793609633265684, 0.20844581437995657, 0.16960959027831754, 0.033509265165776014, -0.031166501677944325, -0.3026666504641374, 0.0857281032561635, -0.18978601843506718, -0.20381193470287448, -0.06757623638259247, 0.00016220672599350414, 0.008402834195294417, -0.26293646074676263, 0.061530936955629535, 0.14334922789809448, 0.0625150571577251, -0.1194842463301029, -0.06956103155971505, 0.059948409461261086, 0.11126305323947842, 0.06193906720727682, -0.010551034477733387, 0.008773507686176648, -0.08041466903038479, -0.06823522648968113, 0.32155227970603545, -0.10721505995024927, -0.2482328760282447, 0.07322321902029216, -0.2325922829719881, -0.20247815947125977, 0.07010162520843248, 0.20176819251598013, 0.19797258565404263, -0.04808079464904343, 0.1828571340884082, -0.11482476567228635, 0.09636339752372199, 0.08423066748461376, 0.05885774188209325, 0.11152844870230183, 0.11217227534992465, 0.11299814248923212, 0.21286450023277817, -0.03609875620653232, -0.08576178492876352, -0.4012413436236481, -0.15637956227874383, -0.20080520082168127, 0.12775088680791669, -0.15219957300966294, -0.23869505741943917, 0.42023775741108693, 0.037506676958097764, 0.15713006541288146, 0.21462897985475138, 0.24889642271834114, 0.12460320985701401, -0.014332291146274656, 0.09172565435680251, 0.139576049540968, 0.17734846014839908, 0.05637536308495328, -0.1710342325580617, -0.03438262282482659, 0.14490797932861219] |
711.2926 | Non-Hermitian Hamilton operator in open quantum systems | In the Feshbach projection operator (FPO) formalism the whole function space
is divided into two subspaces. One of them contains the wave functions
localized in a certain finite region while the continuum of extended scattering
wave functions is involved in the other subspace. The Hamilton operator of the
whole system is Hermitian, that of the localized part is, however,
non-Hermitian. This non-Hermitian Hamilton operator $H_{\rm eff}$ represents
the core of the FPO method in present-day studies. It gives a unified
description of discrete and resonance states. Furthermore, it contains the time
operator. The eigenvalues $z_\lambda$ and eigenfunctions $\phi_\lambda$ of
$H_{\rm eff}$ are an important ingredient of the $S$ matrix. They are energy
dependent. The phases of the $\phi_\lambda$ are, generally, nonrigid. Most
interesting physical effects are caused by the branch points in the complex
plane. On the one hand, they cause the avoided level crossings that appear as
level repulsion or widths bifurcation in approaching the branch points under
different conditions. On the other hand, observable values are usually enhanced
and accelerated in the vicinity of the branch points. In most cases, the theory
is time asymmetric. An exception are the ${\cal PT}$ symmetric bound states in
the continuum appearing in space symmetric systems due to the avoided level
crossing phenomenon in the complex plane. In the paper, the peculiarities of
the FPO method are considered and three typical phenomena are sketched: (i) the
unified description of decay and scattering processes, (ii) the appearance of
bound states in the continuum and (iii) the spectroscopic reordering processes
characteristic of the regime with overlapping resonances.
| quant-ph | in the feshbach projection operator fpo formalism the whole function space is divided into two subspaces one of them contains the wave functions localized in a certain finite region while the continuum of extended scattering wave functions is involved in the other subspace the hamilton operator of the whole system is hermitian that of the localized part is however nonhermitian this nonhermitian hamilton operator h_rm eff represents the core of the fpo method in presentday studies it gives a unified description of discrete and resonance states furthermore it contains the time operator the eigenvalues z_lambda and eigenfunctions phi_lambda of h_rm eff are an important ingredient of the s matrix they are energy dependent the phases of the phi_lambda are generally nonrigid most interesting physical effects are caused by the branch points in the complex plane on the one hand they cause the avoided level crossings that appear as level repulsion or widths bifurcation in approaching the branch points under different conditions on the other hand observable values are usually enhanced and accelerated in the vicinity of the branch points in most cases the theory is time asymmetric an exception are the cal pt symmetric bound states in the continuum appearing in space symmetric systems due to the avoided level crossing phenomenon in the complex plane in the paper the peculiarities of the fpo method are considered and three typical phenomena are sketched i the unified description of decay and scattering processes ii the appearance of bound states in the continuum and iii the spectroscopic reordering processes characteristic of the regime with overlapping resonances | [['in', 'the', 'feshbach', 'projection', 'operator', 'fpo', 'formalism', 'the', 'whole', 'function', 'space', 'is', 'divided', 'into', 'two', 'subspaces', 'one', 'of', 'them', 'contains', 'the', 'wave', 'functions', 'localized', 'in', 'a', 'certain', 'finite', 'region', 'while', 'the', 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'bound', 'states', 'in', 'the', 'continuum', 'and', 'iii', 'the', 'spectroscopic', 'reordering', 'processes', 'characteristic', 'of', 'the', 'regime', 'with', 'overlapping', 'resonances']] | [-0.1727693224938395, 0.16095361410706133, -0.06558410531854726, 0.09314544796022965, -0.03001395890492762, -0.10899241034918865, 0.014927352242129271, 0.3251053333077084, -0.2462009320846943, -0.24592031272191964, 0.08458501998443128, -0.29271966044723763, -0.13875699255034724, 0.1578717918813356, -0.0026641668436009464, 0.014411897898331628, 0.058855892048826436, 0.0542342369754519, -0.0685443454324675, -0.17275718580258606, 0.35935763913266955, 0.0004213537004760364, 0.2307089647010833, 0.05161090362564742, 0.028528050804588617, 0.0016439408630472625, 0.01765919028791978, -0.028019516963149898, -0.07713646375329168, 0.08420580388963074, 0.2567849618527939, 0.08553154285765428, 0.2178043978356937, -0.40982154734121073, -0.17116404268000907, 0.10748915448997297, 0.17920854144124138, 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711.2927 | A BV subtlety | The standard BV complex is never acyclic provided that the equations of
motion have solutions and the admissible class of functions is general enough,
unless one introduces second-order antifields. This phenomenon is explicitly
illustrated for the harmonic oscillator and the free electromagnetic field.
| math-ph math.MP | the standard bv complex is never acyclic provided that the equations of motion have solutions and the admissible class of functions is general enough unless one introduces secondorder antifields this phenomenon is explicitly illustrated for the harmonic oscillator and the free electromagnetic field | [['the', 'standard', 'bv', 'complex', 'is', 'never', 'acyclic', 'provided', 'that', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'have', 'solutions', 'and', 'the', 'admissible', 'class', 'of', 'functions', 'is', 'general', 'enough', 'unless', 'one', 'introduces', 'secondorder', 'antifields', 'this', 'phenomenon', 'is', 'explicitly', 'illustrated', 'for', 'the', 'harmonic', 'oscillator', 'and', 'the', 'free', 'electromagnetic', 'field']] | [-0.13424664319947707, 0.1481849409986374, -0.0545370023546004, 0.0819833412939726, -0.13648800088395907, -0.13773429558374162, -0.06993621111262677, 0.34386944710168726, -0.27036113257324973, -0.21790949712225863, 0.08171201007289075, -0.21717393944083258, -0.19308415501443452, 0.1852888862580754, -0.05891326671942722, 0.04763635789412399, 0.06116675319106773, 0.09364995267242193, -0.0124374401463239, -0.23499067339959534, 0.37913783574422694, -0.041920905425835965, 0.2225621313203213, 0.016007448459953763, 0.17796470495590636, 0.017705428070215464, 0.0058657300054788765, 0.054003927672585085, -0.11589008858403717, 0.10858201952163823, 0.23116491284481314, 0.09536259856919736, 0.25436524773926233, -0.37894855262061883, -0.21404019591593465, 0.14216093339978955, 0.11453747521912636, 0.1430643940084549, -0.03616104019415933, -0.26811217025009004, 0.07877281069928824, -0.1445541327905863, -0.16732293313239202, -0.0932677810426888, 0.06107465026434511, 0.06129541797671727, -0.2582316310253254, 0.07605969004852828, 0.09305339157148156, 0.061034394428133965, -0.08926044638420261, -0.0548985576186719, -0.02242995457463833, 0.06484130681167509, 0.027222540576097576, 0.055148651032860194, 0.07033525056443936, -0.13900684564764243, -0.0652007355563191, 0.42227930631921734, -0.04744128848231116, -0.30414616238687264, 0.1417821345872484, -0.15698334602855665, -0.10626574657684149, 0.15583924425029477, 0.06424329907438436, 0.1598037823948056, -0.1750015204469132, 0.2061648175829675, -0.006865501512101916, 0.12191947740177776, 0.051470814359396, -0.0006409209846995424, 0.14455525797986707, 0.08416054182317714, 0.06831265962682664, 0.14814609834967657, -0.0004616278375304022, -0.1518828322417861, -0.39083715701519056, -0.14725171319793823, -0.13417773782600498, 0.05210764701803063, -0.08823710998559511, -0.2106605899022069, 0.4219528702954047, 0.10097733436715464, 0.07666928269142329, 0.07291572340655812, 0.2622977895445602, 0.24362976002225348, 0.05672684322696093, 0.06082436708776757, 0.28245673987061476, 0.17527933889826716, 0.08469829093231711, -0.20089088621830872, 0.0140838184675505, 0.11743873101117652] |
711.2928 | The topology of symplectic circle bundles | We consider circle bundles over compact three-manifolds with symplectic total
spaces. We show that the base of such a space must be irreducible or the
product of the two-sphere with the circle. We then deduce that such a bundle
admits a symplectic form if and only if it admits one that is invariant under
the circle action in three special cases: namely if the base is Seifert
fibered, has vanishing Thurston norm, or if the total space admits a Lefschetz
fibration.
| math.GT math.SG | we consider circle bundles over compact threemanifolds with symplectic total spaces we show that the base of such a space must be irreducible or the product of the twosphere with the circle we then deduce that such a bundle admits a symplectic form if and only if it admits one that is invariant under the circle action in three special cases namely if the base is seifert fibered has vanishing thurston norm or if the total space admits a lefschetz fibration | [['we', 'consider', 'circle', 'bundles', 'over', 'compact', 'threemanifolds', 'with', 'symplectic', 'total', 'spaces', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'base', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'space', 'must', 'be', 'irreducible', 'or', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'the', 'twosphere', 'with', 'the', 'circle', 'we', 'then', 'deduce', 'that', 'such', 'a', 'bundle', 'admits', 'a', 'symplectic', 'form', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'it', 'admits', 'one', 'that', 'is', 'invariant', 'under', 'the', 'circle', 'action', 'in', 'three', 'special', 'cases', 'namely', 'if', 'the', 'base', 'is', 'seifert', 'fibered', 'has', 'vanishing', 'thurston', 'norm', 'or', 'if', 'the', 'total', 'space', 'admits', 'a', 'lefschetz', 'fibration']] | [-0.240368587827241, 0.08697713674319173, -0.0982608204555876, 0.05075394824710617, -0.12219227406621715, -0.17221865216615023, -0.02692161256700386, 0.38175352644405247, -0.28837875355563963, -0.16904518724545653, 0.14799308824140212, -0.26865734627044957, -0.19010054341367918, 0.15586391494344967, -0.17391043895694577, -0.06118273878194116, 0.11478374641170197, 0.18267892990951184, -0.1458892950150012, -0.2858959929715773, 0.48856413851917524, -0.07391987292578926, 0.19489359878647475, 0.09108028594436078, 0.231053043593779, 0.017146079272123766, 0.05419611736534186, 0.027276353534887922, -0.113777352529948, 0.06298486518179193, 0.23398427412856693, 0.09141421169732455, 0.17866357671165908, -0.38608075816322257, -0.19660661230438653, 0.280336613226452, 0.10465605843260332, -0.07770803713320214, 0.011775583475411374, -0.21755459265967395, 0.08328941470460484, -0.13778847626145976, -0.14684323948106648, -0.0951257198991507, 0.07292987585619644, 0.009916933224662954, -0.20667189069345226, -0.07014997073529679, 0.0884762760941629, 0.035323528561419175, -0.06831564142564196, -0.028226693574753072, -0.12074779187915502, 0.0983539153246876, 0.0636004155061932, 0.12105495153270938, 0.1323576546791527, -0.03385070911436169, -0.0777491057826275, 0.41709228434864387, -0.12202418068952767, -0.34414073992750527, 0.08671700758974493, -0.17018458202343295, -0.21588138891039071, 0.17612704006454874, 0.04276432290121361, 0.1502826669724819, 0.029768617145349213, 0.19661955695590694, -0.2064053977575199, 0.09674651241274895, 0.1182792990548927, -0.03327766701832046, 0.15539698779330025, 0.11300104981242323, 0.1831601849903732, 0.12511532704696565, -0.0648052747660305, -0.060982619391403585, -0.34704697251687816, -0.23745565670312463, -0.109097879242014, 0.22696666647162703, -0.10006560559975944, -0.17951014236960974, 0.3658923159474162, -0.05918643462621136, 0.19763389061906456, 0.13620252959016296, 0.27206930044440575, 0.05645088923600629, 0.0883976775738928, 0.1377274126711267, 0.1846769813126252, 0.15129523595542083, -0.0832349647966179, -0.06333007302457168, -0.09223754249835088, 0.22040516403676183] |
711.2929 | The isotropic diffusion source approximation for supernova neutrino
transport | Astrophysical observations originate from matter that interacts with
radiation or transported particles. We develop a pragmatic approximation in
order to enable multi-dimensional simulations with basic spectral radiative
transfer when the computational resources are not sufficient to solve the
complete Boltzmann transport equation. The distribution function of the
transported particles is decomposed into trapped and streaming particle
components. Their separate evolution equations are coupled by a source term
that converts trapped particles into streaming particles. We determine this
source term by requiring the correct diffusion limit. For a smooth transition
to the free streaming regime, this 'diffusion source' is limited by the matter
emissivity. The resulting streaming particle emission rates are integrated over
space to obtain the streaming particle flux. A geometric estimate of the flux
factor is used to convert the particle flux to the streaming particle density.
The efficiency of the scheme results from the freedom to use different
approximations for each particle component. In supernovae, reactions with
trapped particles on fast time scales establish equilibria that reduce the
number of primitive variables required to evolve the trapped particle
component. On the other hand, a stationary-state approximation facilitates the
treatment of the streaming particle component. Different approximations may
apply in applications to stellar atmospheres, star formation, or cosmological
radiative transfer. We compare the isotropic diffusion source approximation
with Boltzmann neutrino transport of electron flavour neutrinos in spherically
symmetric supernova models and find good agreement. An extension of the scheme
to the multi-dimensional case is also discussed.
| astro-ph | astrophysical observations originate from matter that interacts with radiation or transported particles we develop a pragmatic approximation in order to enable multidimensional simulations with basic spectral radiative transfer when the computational resources are not sufficient to solve the complete boltzmann transport equation the distribution function of the transported particles is decomposed into trapped and streaming particle components their separate evolution equations are coupled by a source term that converts trapped particles into streaming particles we determine this source term by requiring the correct diffusion limit for a smooth transition to the free streaming regime this diffusion source is limited by the matter emissivity the resulting streaming particle emission rates are integrated over space to obtain the streaming particle flux a geometric estimate of the flux factor is used to convert the particle flux to the streaming particle density the efficiency of the scheme results from the freedom to use different approximations for each particle component in supernovae reactions with trapped particles on fast time scales establish equilibria that reduce the number of primitive variables required to evolve the trapped particle component on the other hand a stationarystate approximation facilitates the treatment of the streaming particle component different approximations may apply in applications to stellar atmospheres star formation or cosmological radiative transfer we compare the isotropic diffusion source approximation with boltzmann neutrino transport of electron flavour neutrinos in spherically symmetric supernova models and find good agreement an extension of the scheme to the multidimensional case is also discussed | [['astrophysical', 'observations', 'originate', 'from', 'matter', 'that', 'interacts', 'with', 'radiation', 'or', 'transported', 'particles', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'pragmatic', 'approximation', 'in', 'order', 'to', 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'approximation', 'with', 'boltzmann', 'neutrino', 'transport', 'of', 'electron', 'flavour', 'neutrinos', 'in', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'supernova', 'models', 'and', 'find', 'good', 'agreement', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'scheme', 'to', 'the', 'multidimensional', 'case', 'is', 'also', 'discussed']] | [-0.07767794692798363, 0.18803471459698182, -0.06423481428988187, 0.09424955650658803, -0.07766347133030414, -0.11407987792082583, -0.003648723616087545, 0.34399185592482084, -0.2894422241678906, -0.3078217611927162, 0.03602392161651496, -0.29212637980155615, 0.0002108864466893498, 0.16314587431586525, 0.011545609235960324, 0.03048535370784491, 0.09330153579895313, -0.01877546715757504, -0.017810828836732788, -0.21113862267314543, 0.30188471072934087, 0.10680315268003507, 0.2498034422365036, 0.01778095715579309, 0.12308455928632243, -0.024365769527656466, -0.058948033433671485, -0.022716828188430026, -0.1460152580162125, 0.07037479926451196, 0.19569954759610578, 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711.293 | Field dependence of magnetic correlations through the polarization flop
transition in multiferroic TbMnO3 : evidence for a magnetic memory effect | The field-induced multiferroic transition in TbMnO3 has been studied by
neutron scattering. Apart strong hysteresis, the magnetic transition associated
with the flop of electronic polarization exhibits a memory effect: after a
field sweep, TbMnO3 does not exhibit the same phase as that obtained by
zero-field cooling. The strong changes in the magnetic excitations across the
transition perfectly agree with a rotation of the cycloidal spiral plane
indicating that the inverse Dzyaloshinski-Moriya coupling causes the giant
magnetoelectric effect at the field-induced transition. The analysis of the
zone-center magnetic excitations identifies the electromagnon of the
multiferroic high-field phase.
| cond-mat.str-el | the fieldinduced multiferroic transition in tbmno3 has been studied by neutron scattering apart strong hysteresis the magnetic transition associated with the flop of electronic polarization exhibits a memory effect after a field sweep tbmno3 does not exhibit the same phase as that obtained by zerofield cooling the strong changes in the magnetic excitations across the transition perfectly agree with a rotation of the cycloidal spiral plane indicating that the inverse dzyaloshinskimoriya coupling causes the giant magnetoelectric effect at the fieldinduced transition the analysis of the zonecenter magnetic excitations identifies the electromagnon of the multiferroic highfield phase | [['the', 'fieldinduced', 'multiferroic', 'transition', 'in', 'tbmno3', 'has', 'been', 'studied', 'by', 'neutron', 'scattering', 'apart', 'strong', 'hysteresis', 'the', 'magnetic', 'transition', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'flop', 'of', 'electronic', 'polarization', 'exhibits', 'a', 'memory', 'effect', 'after', 'a', 'field', 'sweep', 'tbmno3', 'does', 'not', 'exhibit', 'the', 'same', 'phase', 'as', 'that', 'obtained', 'by', 'zerofield', 'cooling', 'the', 'strong', 'changes', 'in', 'the', 'magnetic', 'excitations', 'across', 'the', 'transition', 'perfectly', 'agree', 'with', 'a', 'rotation', 'of', 'the', 'cycloidal', 'spiral', 'plane', 'indicating', 'that', 'the', 'inverse', 'dzyaloshinskimoriya', 'coupling', 'causes', 'the', 'giant', 'magnetoelectric', 'effect', 'at', 'the', 'fieldinduced', 'transition', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'zonecenter', 'magnetic', 'excitations', 'identifies', 'the', 'electromagnon', 'of', 'the', 'multiferroic', 'highfield', 'phase']] | [-0.2435652022686554, 0.2643383495451417, -0.02557928678046058, -0.00552463432662383, -0.11755574125951777, -0.07188554942937724, 0.08306637778150616, 0.4037595191039145, -0.2563786964165047, -0.2684585147847732, -0.006327189478421739, -0.29547777044354007, -0.13252759804405892, 0.16084060827173138, 0.11653082727571018, -0.04643960128790544, -0.07635088758252095, 0.023002740441976737, -0.13765595826650193, -0.10922660345507514, 0.24887983149771267, -0.014259804006239088, 0.34205192123772576, 0.0410953201741601, 0.06412121909670532, -0.021746992051096942, 0.18870497106399853, 0.027958944464141194, -0.12236952009046338, -0.07630908350067027, 0.23202349798521027, -0.11973748442687793, 0.14061182675262293, -0.41379037393683876, -0.2017892292836526, 0.018136344995582476, 0.1434102387574967, 0.16577786504058167, -0.08413767448049232, -0.29494981178625795, 0.013638655878215408, -0.09902467449986337, -0.13344211862810576, -0.12977999463631326, -0.03768191208534214, 0.012962390421307646, -0.22258895245249732, 0.11168472623103298, 0.13874836646330854, 0.1656115872610826, -0.1172307613742305, -0.103201964913751, -0.1024183033684191, 0.04979017017467413, 0.11447460293250818, 0.1293284743830251, 0.1867373620334547, -0.09727691685111495, -0.17763872755070528, 0.3373434937287432, -0.06890508012535672, 0.034157265132913985, 0.08658637975653012, -0.29533681650840055, -0.09996770102103862, 0.27494632334128255, 0.06563557012729386, 0.07806423294823617, -0.08257230962529623, 0.0804556213018562, 0.03200517252844293, 0.17632081554620527, 0.0408805873212259, 0.07446982166584348, 0.2810313918744214, 0.17926968811661936, -0.03659611433977261, 0.21335772021363178, -0.16206535966739466, -0.08384862915651563, -0.22239107550800932, -0.07971992891301245, -0.21267400791233135, 0.04649898338918016, -0.09237273182467713, -0.2306147495013041, 0.3982862985212705, 0.11175081319136855, 0.1630438979821823, -0.09564648048429565, 0.26128477505214204, 0.10376211702896398, 0.12880924743270347, 0.034009014724385146, 0.3670736316028827, 0.2598090220853919, 0.197714900248684, -0.4301009674575956, 0.14738864884323752, -0.029714204045982722] |
711.2931 | New Higgs mechanism from the lattice | Spontaneous symmetry breaking has been observed in lattice simulations of
five-dimensional gauge theories on an orbifold. This effect is reproduced by
perturbation theory if it is modified to account for a finite cut-off. We
present a comparison of lattice and analytic results for bulk gauge group
SU(2).
| hep-ph hep-lat | spontaneous symmetry breaking has been observed in lattice simulations of fivedimensional gauge theories on an orbifold this effect is reproduced by perturbation theory if it is modified to account for a finite cutoff we present a comparison of lattice and analytic results for bulk gauge group su2 | [['spontaneous', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'has', 'been', 'observed', 'in', 'lattice', 'simulations', 'of', 'fivedimensional', 'gauge', 'theories', 'on', 'an', 'orbifold', 'this', 'effect', 'is', 'reproduced', 'by', 'perturbation', 'theory', 'if', 'it', 'is', 'modified', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'a', 'finite', 'cutoff', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'comparison', 'of', 'lattice', 'and', 'analytic', 'results', 'for', 'bulk', 'gauge', 'group', 'su2']] | [-0.1530023600925949, 0.19411857287737572, -0.14076538989320397, 0.1094241659379901, -0.11445020202626573, -0.12069552116333804, -0.019500758734214654, 0.41524318831556656, -0.14385508428862753, -0.23665072079351607, 0.08544551731493483, -0.25593646584039037, -0.12733408315800765, 0.08259070866761055, -0.01011719764705668, 0.020204686579552104, -0.02952014494370273, 0.01856224829370671, -0.10323984958627756, -0.22944439424479263, 0.2968102987716965, 0.023838766616616804, 0.2972265327388936, 0.10051970280944666, 0.09655361301562887, -0.008566580657064518, 0.03117461807708791, 0.027567234365864002, -0.14657016364025308, 0.038271697634395134, 0.17499844598128123, -0.03697586879431409, 0.13120098336738475, -0.4433213940801773, -0.3067793028151735, 0.058697891362169956, 0.1644815676944687, 0.19994281652442952, -0.10494322685693253, -0.2957445913331306, 0.10479930611178676, -0.2148824369217804, -0.16226539249095986, -0.11773814414528773, 0.010074182324349246, -0.16343188006430864, -0.2846934142264914, 0.07748524967625618, -0.007223241308585126, 0.15179552330060841, -0.04501091181597811, -0.04014310224893245, -0.07238646545150179, 0.028740884481057365, 0.14407646179476635, 0.07442849700616554, 0.08982476831582237, -0.11206611697165732, -0.154115645888638, 0.4848973996778752, -0.10218425683597936, -0.21039688783360921, 0.1070673827359334, -0.13186648544518553, -0.19863514729002688, 0.11733855620185112, 0.09097025190737654, 0.12722914039771607, -0.090461680071151, 0.22215975007473274, -0.10229963276218226, 0.14817477090462566, 0.01861016317567927, -0.023792475402513717, 0.21250248728121848, 0.1460658974321361, 0.0030700447770984885, 0.12236605729769043, 0.03025150250029215, -0.14509949753893184, -0.4007491780088303, -0.07463249411097074, -0.19054463039092878, 0.12049441300629776, -0.1047513642979345, -0.12270977062747833, 0.3596912204347392, 0.09469237501554667, 0.1292582835130235, 0.048850439800979924, 0.19910810191303174, 0.15001548769229905, 0.11405014476560532, -0.03432861073537076, 0.23751411436403053, 0.17194886597249895, -0.032171714842874316, -0.29007837863916414, -0.11149180139058289, 0.1808195680459129] |
711.2932 | Galactic Globular Clusters Database: a progress report | The present status of Galactic Globular Clusters Database is briefly
reviewed. The features implemented at the time writing are described, as well
as plans for future improvements.
| astro-ph | the present status of galactic globular clusters database is briefly reviewed the features implemented at the time writing are described as well as plans for future improvements | [['the', 'present', 'status', 'of', 'galactic', 'globular', 'clusters', 'database', 'is', 'briefly', 'reviewed', 'the', 'features', 'implemented', 'at', 'the', 'time', 'writing', 'are', 'described', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'plans', 'for', 'future', 'improvements']] | [-0.05482959165237844, 0.09443105474390366, 0.009664108088515975, 0.12422098994203326, -0.08143823130780624, -0.049012712858341356, 0.0010416158906149644, 0.42017557554774815, -0.23425382355021107, -0.35109214962425606, 0.15506579768326548, -0.30718257292001333, -0.03490297827455732, 0.2649740318388299, -0.023344881487665354, 0.011164188212542623, 0.10350783510754506, 0.026448687883438887, -0.03303170108982293, -0.3135650246921513, 0.21280096885230806, 0.16831782863785824, 0.19805691194617087, 0.005442035832890758, 0.06718520585585523, -0.002191929922749599, -0.13165588173325415, 0.023327084948067314, -0.10233547199513177, 0.013536916918517952, 0.38270567661082305, 0.2416553973323769, 0.17374744224879476, -0.4256167900921018, -0.1689733919446115, -0.035610335879027843, 0.21247940813191235, 0.0895948751864058, -0.14669523974535642, -0.32150625106361175, 0.030358721784540212, -0.1553840192241801, -0.2547170967381034, -0.06813947552884067, 0.053754569617686446, 0.1119090822973737, -0.1162737340286926, 0.06368183151439384, -0.009067260862880008, 0.08157730247411463, -0.07184499332733038, -0.25152511135847483, 0.04232877638639399, 0.14844304281804296, -0.008788856272413223, 0.09345106178618691, 0.22208457543618149, -0.11407393301595692, -0.19434331340447966, 0.4500124081969261, -0.05259424737758107, -0.07294176822459256, 0.1299771633413103, -0.08217354874230093, -0.20006818664087742, -0.06457854007129316, 0.17603627416408724, 0.11672709525252382, -0.25151578468029145, 0.061876809448963115, 0.05166077362028537, 0.10733101530759423, 0.03793635500672584, 0.093387168728643, 0.30073645883412276, 0.29904659609827733, -0.027121252207844344, 0.13443889475806994, -0.13851042560957097, -0.08617168285504535, -0.36538510985189565, -0.08737230549256007, -0.10026620321527675, -0.07072268005598474, -0.013605949313690266, -0.08575478051271704, 0.35334990090794033, 0.12565554312809749, 0.16721757040014146, 0.0608140325208229, 0.3070877880823833, 0.027789797004381264, 0.090699912428304, 0.08692108669007818, 0.2170155128395116, 0.02527091217537721, 0.17045132500222987, -0.20997227292024978, 0.10542854847800401, -0.008005424368160742] |
711.2933 | Renormalisability of the 2PI-Hartree approximation of multicomponent
scalar models in the broken symmetry phase | Non-perturbative renormalisation of a general class of scalar field theories
is performed at the Hartree level truncation of the 2PI effective action in the
broken symmetry regime. Renormalised equations are explicitly constructed for
the one- and two-point functions. The non-perturbative counterterms are deduced
from the conditions for the cancellation of the overall and the subdivergences
in the complete Hartree-Dyson-Schwinger equations, with a transparent method.
The procedure proposed in the present paper is shown to be equivalent to the
iterative renormalisation method of Blaizot et al., Nucl. Phys. A736 (2004)
149.
| hep-ph | nonperturbative renormalisation of a general class of scalar field theories is performed at the hartree level truncation of the 2pi effective action in the broken symmetry regime renormalised equations are explicitly constructed for the one and twopoint functions the nonperturbative counterterms are deduced from the conditions for the cancellation of the overall and the subdivergences in the complete hartreedysonschwinger equations with a transparent method the procedure proposed in the present paper is shown to be equivalent to the iterative renormalisation method of blaizot et al nucl phys a736 2004 149 | [['nonperturbative', 'renormalisation', 'of', 'a', 'general', 'class', 'of', 'scalar', 'field', 'theories', 'is', 'performed', 'at', 'the', 'hartree', 'level', 'truncation', 'of', 'the', '2pi', 'effective', 'action', 'in', 'the', 'broken', 'symmetry', 'regime', 'renormalised', 'equations', 'are', 'explicitly', 'constructed', 'for', 'the', 'one', 'and', 'twopoint', 'functions', 'the', 'nonperturbative', 'counterterms', 'are', 'deduced', 'from', 'the', 'conditions', 'for', 'the', 'cancellation', 'of', 'the', 'overall', 'and', 'the', 'subdivergences', 'in', 'the', 'complete', 'hartreedysonschwinger', 'equations', 'with', 'a', 'transparent', 'method', 'the', 'procedure', 'proposed', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'equivalent', 'to', 'the', 'iterative', 'renormalisation', 'method', 'of', 'blaizot', 'et', 'al', 'nucl', 'phys', 'a736', '2004', '149']] | [-0.10173196422692854, 0.10182201540605589, -0.12161285324360836, 0.05138352889811027, -0.05930414382865737, -0.09814694004175677, 0.015800087012890304, 0.31008790053469554, -0.1723843886495822, -0.29767486885380506, 0.03372306157490874, -0.22185017388652672, -0.1491290542127734, 0.1352198457832194, -0.03980255778878927, 0.06722621845123782, 0.012580658605491573, -0.012011284283785657, -0.11429891128103588, -0.283544764007357, 0.30897578622203914, 0.059557509476276624, 0.28564082453323697, 0.06980556411012499, 0.11663322791917546, 0.01446977561863605, -0.06603271385062147, 0.0056109589905562725, -0.13120523491472175, 0.06217560039658565, 0.23232119388095188, 0.02570826596241783, 0.21416654793376272, -0.38575112764638936, -0.19315578002980063, 0.010245822317136282, 0.11245858782521365, 0.16007968889739874, 0.015850760116749865, -0.3318521539172666, 0.085324370757338, -0.18504383211786096, -0.17140966655940496, -0.0955111295810308, 0.005386109438735399, -0.07448589602823961, -0.33372787302571605, 0.13639549245702007, -0.02110212875149128, 0.03154504481327339, -0.0377434353001511, -0.09789528913494326, -0.029096173992994325, 0.07221065397871743, 0.04762999346712604, 0.0685234723459871, 0.076597370377964, -0.12705596919510176, -0.07033671724109974, 0.3778451103439279, -0.06030307153973395, -0.20027535273270172, 0.13222099788783287, -0.08267729887103831, -0.15878019231604412, 0.14518149593972007, 0.0969038082588337, 0.18914050032088364, -0.19534370973071252, 0.20397050160549537, -0.02360950179652057, 0.09901673085881736, 0.06582390482071787, -0.012198687109709928, 0.11854813653785228, 0.07040283863369207, 0.0012901293283159082, 0.0915176100401864, -0.014238662676441229, -0.11683552688720572, -0.40603991912212223, -0.09805011906957423, -0.13587179307466035, 0.05753414622052911, -0.06912298900550179, -0.1666044519419798, 0.4113294174048034, 0.1621363388840109, 0.14183784375200048, 0.05745434529804201, 0.24045452174984597, 0.2011920116571921, 0.06702680577555756, 0.09806274787776849, 0.2688618801396594, 0.1616248333183731, 0.06977680329683525, -0.2778337379389665, -0.0680216407159936, 0.19897595155899497] |
711.2934 | Non-linear integral equations in {\cal {N}}=4 SYM | We survey and discuss the applications of the non-linear integral equation in
the framework of the Bethe Ansatz type equations which are conjectured to give
the eigenvalues of the dilatation operator in ${\cal {N}}=4$ SYM. Moreover, an
original idea (different from that of \cite {FMQR}) to derive a non-linear
integral equation is briefly depicted in Section 4.
| hep-th | we survey and discuss the applications of the nonlinear integral equation in the framework of the bethe ansatz type equations which are conjectured to give the eigenvalues of the dilatation operator in cal n4 sym moreover an original idea different from that of cite fmqr to derive a nonlinear integral equation is briefly depicted in section 4 | [['we', 'survey', 'and', 'discuss', 'the', 'applications', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'integral', 'equation', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'the', 'bethe', 'ansatz', 'type', 'equations', 'which', 'are', 'conjectured', 'to', 'give', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'of', 'the', 'dilatation', 'operator', 'in', 'cal', 'n4', 'sym', 'moreover', 'an', 'original', 'idea', 'different', 'from', 'that', 'of', 'cite', 'fmqr', 'to', 'derive', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'integral', 'equation', 'is', 'briefly', 'depicted', 'in', 'section', '4']] | [-0.11232703742488022, 0.0670216164458647, -0.07974004251549818, 0.08280657122252576, -0.09723024984954723, -0.09486517688492313, -0.06675544351206295, 0.28025542286091615, -0.24525157110682422, -0.2375080054958484, 0.10309655620325689, -0.3100261370085978, -0.2259866237706904, 0.1487233192476976, -0.021880630786264583, 0.050051058758981526, 0.04596474478187572, 0.07922128560104673, -0.11732503093662672, -0.2656189179812957, 0.3335516537273569, -0.04120410077406892, 0.23249813790607732, 0.06786199432930776, 0.1365634411007964, 0.009156907825464649, -0.027252527211593196, -0.04496665817818472, -0.16540245451181232, 0.14854640187279852, 0.2705135306168813, 0.12590128166734108, 0.16919269346232926, -0.4640167309303901, -0.15951198110789327, 0.04603620997763106, 0.18001239246223122, 0.10705478057622843, 0.0333401188420664, -0.28211965362009195, 0.037827981694135815, -0.17143751506228, -0.26081404790498447, -0.041391135792114904, 0.06305227984142091, -0.00016997006189610277, -0.24242746595492853, 0.09749849860755992, 0.04836946913772928, 0.016485708000670587, -0.08230801573414023, -0.12262007860200745, -0.026104203807855293, 0.018302344376154776, 0.03875039811412405, -0.011786118166388146, 0.029772140800819864, -0.16985172175502936, -0.09256029022175685, 0.33756740550909725, -0.04652406922208944, -0.21376456706119434, 0.07696377780354981, -0.13753007753153465, -0.163618815580516, 0.08176544596582451, 0.12170501043354827, 0.14983835215597147, -0.19873538823698514, 0.20491232340386237, -0.049097121792978475, 0.09468633706481862, 0.07136794092366472, -0.006489973598425942, 0.06916880386415869, 0.09062923966952699, 0.04733350919559598, 0.18126671368788397, 0.013454675674438477, -0.11714805902946475, -0.4052841829501891, -0.16071546134116943, -0.14352314726316504, 0.1280934541427996, -0.11024346153525195, -0.1807755020812952, 0.35452218366221394, 0.1609407038527674, 0.1753452965266271, 0.0474989687645575, 0.19114291880811965, 0.23286466108402237, 0.03158186560176546, 0.06124545736903591, 0.22552202279413386, 0.20993516396265477, 0.12074519767026816, -0.2429538078348352, -0.09690692550170102, 0.22157641521854593] |
711.2935 | Patterns of flavor signals in supersymmetric models | Quark and lepton flavor signals are studied in four supersymmetric models,
namely the minimal supergravity model, the minimal supersymmetric standard
model with right-handed neutrinos, SU(5) supersymmetric grand unified theory
with right-handed neutrinos and the minimal supersymmetric standard model with
U(2) flavor symmetry. We calculate b --> s(d) transition observables in B_d and
B_s decays, taking the constraint from the B_s--B_s-bar mixing recently
observed at Tevatron into account. We also calculate lepton flavor violating
processes mu --> e gamma, tau --> mu gamma and tau --> e gamma for the models
with right-handed neutrinos. We investigate possibilities to distinguish the
flavor structure of the supersymmetry breaking sector with use of patterns of
various flavor signals which are expected to be measured in experiments such as
MEG, LHCb and a future Super B Factory.
| hep-ph | quark and lepton flavor signals are studied in four supersymmetric models namely the minimal supergravity model the minimal supersymmetric standard model with righthanded neutrinos su5 supersymmetric grand unified theory with righthanded neutrinos and the minimal supersymmetric standard model with u2 flavor symmetry we calculate b sd transition observables in b_d and b_s decays taking the constraint from the b_sb_sbar mixing recently observed at tevatron into account we also calculate lepton flavor violating processes mu e gamma tau mu gamma and tau e gamma for the models with righthanded neutrinos we investigate possibilities to distinguish the flavor structure of the supersymmetry breaking sector with use of patterns of various flavor signals which are expected to be measured in experiments such as meg lhcb and a future super b factory | [['quark', 'and', 'lepton', 'flavor', 'signals', 'are', 'studied', 'in', 'four', 'supersymmetric', 'models', 'namely', 'the', 'minimal', 'supergravity', 'model', 'the', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'with', 'righthanded', 'neutrinos', 'su5', 'supersymmetric', 'grand', 'unified', 'theory', 'with', 'righthanded', 'neutrinos', 'and', 'the', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'with', 'u2', 'flavor', 'symmetry', 'we', 'calculate', 'b', 'sd', 'transition', 'observables', 'in', 'b_d', 'and', 'b_s', 'decays', 'taking', 'the', 'constraint', 'from', 'the', 'b_sb_sbar', 'mixing', 'recently', 'observed', 'at', 'tevatron', 'into', 'account', 'we', 'also', 'calculate', 'lepton', 'flavor', 'violating', 'processes', 'mu', 'e', 'gamma', 'tau', 'mu', 'gamma', 'and', 'tau', 'e', 'gamma', 'for', 'the', 'models', 'with', 'righthanded', 'neutrinos', 'we', 'investigate', 'possibilities', 'to', 'distinguish', 'the', 'flavor', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'supersymmetry', 'breaking', 'sector', 'with', 'use', 'of', 'patterns', 'of', 'various', 'flavor', 'signals', 'which', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'measured', 'in', 'experiments', 'such', 'as', 'meg', 'lhcb', 'and', 'a', 'future', 'super', 'b', 'factory']] | [-0.047015139720315346, 0.3348523840759299, 0.01202853228096501, 0.20162758974765893, -0.06806182162836194, -0.24177626900564064, 0.05178200230875518, 0.28436583010625327, -0.2082979439292103, -0.26810891462446307, -0.0005104111214677687, -0.3181684621013119, -0.015710242529166862, 0.05896714240043366, 0.07730367876865785, 0.08661958598531783, 0.03961566264320027, -0.027464991344459122, -0.10656685362846474, -0.17459943565881986, 0.20432182694548828, -0.010903811053140089, 0.1949245735850127, 0.0451454061876575, 0.022550000740011455, -0.05592514625459444, -0.07257609146108734, -0.12130132954735018, -0.1310877519861151, 0.027998672074318165, 0.14888916165756427, 0.13882235115306685, -0.039710091032247874, -0.41749109177908394, -0.16548756188967673, 0.2647870093915117, 0.11658562957563845, 0.025339433085719065, -0.05812010522640776, -0.3696067282326112, 0.1162692196462558, -0.22742377674512682, -0.0877632336860188, -0.07238029059953988, -0.016789209159469465, -0.15446865094418172, -0.410545725657812, 0.081238263595651, -0.07835908366723743, 0.006118019460700452, 0.04274066560174106, -0.2087401583121391, -0.06675715203618893, -0.009714062416605884, 0.2430548359743625, 0.014607741875806823, 0.1474744416836984, -0.1806842523656087, -0.23827044430800015, 0.4678143543715123, -0.09008803160759271, -0.19767346141998132, 0.14786883641500026, -0.23530153150932165, -0.21227264141998603, 0.06873563770204782, 0.21044682449428365, 0.037346903405705234, -0.20039342826248685, 0.27442880758235333, -0.08958566547107694, 0.08154329064564081, 0.058490668421654846, 0.05560786637215642, 0.26615334942835034, 0.23037564005699096, 0.041901966400018864, -0.00791798412137723, -0.08608124433885678, -0.03475520392021281, -0.47968496101657365, -0.10842446236711112, -0.02189418852867675, 0.10288593709628913, -0.06834516613105279, -0.04737213584667188, 0.46198778575853794, 0.04628137501276797, 0.22764153250318486, 0.03096727116371767, 0.2320579748993623, 0.07575027040638815, 0.0783383178177246, -0.0029983375061419792, 0.2581884676365007, 0.16890347210573964, 0.09568316207241878, -0.2997531340133719, -0.10172053685892024, 0.11340940021182178] |
711.2936 | Determination of the upper and lower bound of masslimit of degenerate
fermionic dark matter objects | We give a gravitational upper limit for the mass of static degenerate
fermionic dark matter objects. The treatment we use includes fully relativistic
equations for describing the static solutions of these objects. We study the
influence of the annihilation of the particles on this mass limit. We give the
change of its value over the age of the Universe with annihilation cross
sections relevant for such fermions constituting the dark matter. Our
calculations take into account the possibility of Dirac as well Majorana
spinors.
| astro-ph | we give a gravitational upper limit for the mass of static degenerate fermionic dark matter objects the treatment we use includes fully relativistic equations for describing the static solutions of these objects we study the influence of the annihilation of the particles on this mass limit we give the change of its value over the age of the universe with annihilation cross sections relevant for such fermions constituting the dark matter our calculations take into account the possibility of dirac as well majorana spinors | [['we', 'give', 'a', 'gravitational', 'upper', 'limit', 'for', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'static', 'degenerate', 'fermionic', 'dark', 'matter', 'objects', 'the', 'treatment', 'we', 'use', 'includes', 'fully', 'relativistic', 'equations', 'for', 'describing', 'the', 'static', 'solutions', 'of', 'these', 'objects', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'the', 'annihilation', 'of', 'the', 'particles', 'on', 'this', 'mass', 'limit', 'we', 'give', 'the', 'change', 'of', 'its', 'value', 'over', 'the', 'age', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'with', 'annihilation', 'cross', 'sections', 'relevant', 'for', 'such', 'fermions', 'constituting', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'our', 'calculations', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'dirac', 'as', 'well', 'majorana', 'spinors']] | [-0.13635006675862574, 0.15860011989605569, -0.0978963542341565, 0.129491132294615, -0.07026710791424626, -0.034844780983846815, 0.026281443557568958, 0.2819951553496399, -0.15643213608390874, -0.3283863851933607, -0.002006669861397573, -0.27886584492877037, -0.021609343349977973, 0.16459612617923303, 0.07566832928984825, 0.016873820861552043, 0.023678569899251063, 0.06376256311999723, -0.07526365542573676, -0.2587498302926265, 0.3916801541733245, 0.002408176987609338, 0.1838081861053416, 0.0768746978581129, 0.10136135057213583, 0.052694146637804806, -0.040706592018804735, -0.04361754726795923, -0.17707737987040587, 0.0753443572847616, 0.17766735757080218, 0.06351077092611897, 0.13914054846723697, -0.4399315309489057, -0.2006097961150642, 0.1490685093671172, 0.16046625178395993, 0.1465932945499108, -0.07115856426285713, -0.34604973728502436, 0.01955691684547457, -0.22054969396586308, -0.15334794086049355, -0.06592170537693337, 0.003902588083985306, -0.019099148203774046, -0.2089521012801145, 0.12803728713299192, 0.037058029957171085, -0.05528929376972277, -0.14730436891286877, -0.14023090913403957, -0.012394903366276551, 0.09876060891076036, 0.0818193331333099, -0.10693270271544211, 0.178257034828199, -0.19762717412197076, -0.07795999349937552, 0.45412805854340105, -0.10611166925879106, -0.19294690234320505, 0.1481671165231438, -0.1282379526445376, -0.12151100538903847, 0.11845851275748351, 0.18852313691639297, 0.13204220085892648, -0.13395259635789053, 0.13819688259224808, -0.0694364752964161, 0.10602659188831846, 0.051586602750744316, 0.07517496749226536, 0.35342282780800904, 0.19454793181891242, 0.05512365057698584, 0.06998375894147016, -0.09839951296591953, -0.09646201055840634, -0.3912815130537465, -0.21155668230771663, -0.10329760799539231, 0.07683343381532245, -0.08670331288262137, -0.20268132970003144, 0.38624326226168443, 0.14870693822879166, 0.2001018391345583, 0.04356083320453763, 0.27868687186301466, 0.144152227247278, 0.041341121979279534, 0.05383058698498644, 0.307853484709215, 0.17313513836069477, 0.09017500587201323, -0.23671514411190792, -0.03477091483572232, 0.061111672404443936] |
711.2937 | Persistent current and Wigner crystallization in a one dimensional
quantum ring | We use Density Functional Theory to study interacting spinless electrons on a
one-dimensional quantum ring in the density range where the system undergoes
Wigner crystallization. The Wigner transition leads to a drastic ``collective''
electron localization due to the Wigner crystal pinning, provided a weak
impurity potential is applied. To reveal this localization we examine a
persistent current in a ring penetrated by a magnetic flux. Using the DFT-OEP
method we calculated the current as a function of the interaction parameter
r_S. We find that in the limit of vanishing impurity potential the persistent
current stays constant up to a critical value of r_S^c=2.05 but shows a drastic
exponential decay for larger r_S which reflects a formation of a pinned Wigner
crystal. Above r_S^c the amplitude of the electron density oscillations exactly
follows the (r_S-r_S^c)^{1/2} behaviour, confirming a second-order phase
transition as expected in the mean-field-type OEP approximation.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we use density functional theory to study interacting spinless electrons on a onedimensional quantum ring in the density range where the system undergoes wigner crystallization the wigner transition leads to a drastic collective electron localization due to the wigner crystal pinning provided a weak impurity potential is applied to reveal this localization we examine a persistent current in a ring penetrated by a magnetic flux using the dftoep method we calculated the current as a function of the interaction parameter r_s we find that in the limit of vanishing impurity potential the persistent current stays constant up to a critical value of r_sc205 but shows a drastic exponential decay for larger r_s which reflects a formation of a pinned wigner crystal above r_sc the amplitude of the electron density oscillations exactly follows the r_sr_sc12 behaviour confirming a secondorder phase transition as expected in the meanfieldtype oep approximation | [['we', 'use', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'to', 'study', 'interacting', 'spinless', 'electrons', 'on', 'a', 'onedimensional', 'quantum', 'ring', 'in', 'the', 'density', 'range', 'where', 'the', 'system', 'undergoes', 'wigner', 'crystallization', 'the', 'wigner', 'transition', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'drastic', 'collective', 'electron', 'localization', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'wigner', 'crystal', 'pinning', 'provided', 'a', 'weak', 'impurity', 'potential', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'reveal', 'this', 'localization', 'we', 'examine', 'a', 'persistent', 'current', 'in', 'a', 'ring', 'penetrated', 'by', 'a', 'magnetic', 'flux', 'using', 'the', 'dftoep', 'method', 'we', 'calculated', 'the', 'current', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'interaction', 'parameter', 'r_s', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'vanishing', 'impurity', 'potential', 'the', 'persistent', 'current', 'stays', 'constant', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'critical', 'value', 'of', 'r_sc205', 'but', 'shows', 'a', 'drastic', 'exponential', 'decay', 'for', 'larger', 'r_s', 'which', 'reflects', 'a', 'formation', 'of', 'a', 'pinned', 'wigner', 'crystal', 'above', 'r_sc', 'the', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'electron', 'density', 'oscillations', 'exactly', 'follows', 'the', 'r_sr_sc12', 'behaviour', 'confirming', 'a', 'secondorder', 'phase', 'transition', 'as', 'expected', 'in', 'the', 'meanfieldtype', 'oep', 'approximation']] | [-0.1712063502006155, 0.18600428548072362, -0.08943956146766949, 0.07226526736566383, 0.006704096283303645, -0.11609838595096436, 0.08778907745080586, 0.31679721493532675, -0.24717816532615366, -0.24449315436262017, 0.005979331641962442, -0.2852047612412005, -0.11956006121989857, 0.1232132382121765, 0.040456164424540475, 0.03576373096762432, -0.014034218167782657, 0.06265683770228254, -0.14345854053357876, -0.15616610422567748, 0.2596995255120823, 0.04779739767400315, 0.30769472408832776, 0.09828249197905986, 0.053880657353955835, 0.03368596539778284, 0.08686600029573634, 0.050015739414245926, -0.1586583599964292, 0.035848535164000675, 0.20071142688175314, -0.0415941313355385, 0.2520380303418885, -0.4181797214680248, -0.22517249365854594, 0.05900343134999275, 0.158672418421904, 0.15465204524662113, -0.07975522065357331, -0.2827081642786248, 0.018225055491913937, -0.19753600023977924, -0.20949193887322004, -0.052631533646490425, 0.03164033445540958, 0.0397514982630835, -0.2650965382943266, 0.15191751340818074, 0.04697499239773606, 0.009082346745546803, -0.07839681008287396, -0.04885228139129241, -0.003349780677429711, 0.045835557584521465, 0.04130071594813166, 0.08397914390500066, 0.1941611139724652, -0.14819023585328572, -0.06458529511130312, 0.36696950496277875, -0.11644534415326133, -0.11573164496156904, 0.14553287457480715, -0.220305835520978, -0.0651850886869296, 0.1915752925625485, 0.10894905952833749, 0.07196391602499513, -0.09681681434287587, 0.09650257937351449, -0.015722668130668655, 0.1960692659257701, 0.052115003654358186, -0.001505717638388483, 0.23136422170662424, 0.18283778501144196, 0.08080007309237974, 0.15437998718051757, -0.13270940701638917, -0.13671300795977004, -0.2713478393205959, -0.1491894882346969, -0.23503255278370083, 0.11276968792662956, -0.060029500710596845, -0.23087986125352067, 0.4240828916210578, 0.13551745623246664, 0.22043268436229685, 0.0033434752444413286, 0.22737760274645147, 0.18461667828928008, 0.04798328527087708, 0.029286497786061873, 0.24046588307505268, 0.17952506687530936, 0.100815069701639, -0.29231371050021454, 0.035436141443723396, 0.05435276944707665] |
711.2938 | Two way subtable sum problems and quadratic Groebner bases | Hara, Takemura and Yoshida discuss toric ideals arising from two way subtable
sum problems and shows that these toric ideals are generated by quadratic
binomials if and only if the subtables are either diagonal or triangular. In
the present paper, we show that if the subtables are either diagonal or
triangular, then their toric ideals possess quadratic Groebner bases.
| math.AC math.CO | hara takemura and yoshida discuss toric ideals arising from two way subtable sum problems and shows that these toric ideals are generated by quadratic binomials if and only if the subtables are either diagonal or triangular in the present paper we show that if the subtables are either diagonal or triangular then their toric ideals possess quadratic groebner bases | [['hara', 'takemura', 'and', 'yoshida', 'discuss', 'toric', 'ideals', 'arising', 'from', 'two', 'way', 'subtable', 'sum', 'problems', 'and', 'shows', 'that', 'these', 'toric', 'ideals', 'are', 'generated', 'by', 'quadratic', 'binomials', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'the', 'subtables', 'are', 'either', 'diagonal', 'or', 'triangular', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'subtables', 'are', 'either', 'diagonal', 'or', 'triangular', 'then', 'their', 'toric', 'ideals', 'possess', 'quadratic', 'groebner', 'bases']] | [-0.13895048718836348, 0.09166003421138404, -0.00464747820870351, 0.0481589202437613, -0.08884145128461769, -0.20924173574894667, -0.08866068272717234, 0.3572329605724347, -0.4120158232685368, -0.15532077092803637, 0.1753714535981259, -0.315243288606279, -0.14665515003410184, 0.15105094174534808, -0.0964416295676729, -0.040348972689155174, 0.07273390567151167, 0.011494826935863092, -0.1148428746846394, -0.41316652035940504, 0.44999204626527883, -0.04430477799437309, 0.18808424340213759, 0.025151666522152342, 0.07075155962069156, -0.01610710387418078, -0.006122286794549328, 0.012614614448620606, -0.13839568122871165, 0.1180151628401383, 0.29907458742796367, 0.10776204135963473, 0.16101549746988092, -0.44752763251189964, -0.010240356548357818, 0.23860465621544144, 0.12879327593876397, 0.0182669304500697, -0.03523396335194929, -0.17218423218040144, 0.12206698394917204, -0.19286667006248134, -0.1338706377467488, -0.16378902822290942, -0.008249625689902548, 0.0799256039593937, -0.3053230368137612, 0.005484511381236173, 0.1734981710817349, 0.1712126804326298, 0.034602782969220966, -0.21108812936660598, -0.14072247151822104, -0.023948082234710455, -0.027354039346515122, -0.01038119794358894, 0.0553503453621041, -0.07529541689081717, -0.20339443598542425, 0.3588134758490122, 0.008189870336613917, -0.25647611982362756, 0.1097212228924036, -0.15031124431229495, -0.08056690448488629, 0.06925797333025326, 0.03972867855770608, 0.11208044912792363, -0.04906721477854555, 0.18096738544359836, -0.1656644833826665, 0.03153345550773507, 0.1313737628713124, 0.004185863423271705, 0.21131389303196033, -0.04950323135303965, 0.04912157505908507, 0.16100537956897484, 0.0187391929991417, -0.041627405669098186, -0.2909709668513072, -0.1047843790029065, -0.17120220096608213, 0.13668706865933866, -0.09622519211059287, -0.18598440710960304, 0.37965557932601135, 0.0576543271604736, 0.15443851314958626, 0.09236188207642507, 0.24740566029134442, 0.03283734348113254, 0.02949240642315629, 0.15395966045937295, 0.15596364380523436, 0.15125837327391542, -0.08340901083123507, -0.11867744585704375, 0.03530032265047401, 0.22280857287410458] |
711.2939 | On the origin of continuum and line emission in CTTSs | We calculated profiles of CIV 1550, Si IV 1400, NV 1240 and OVI 1035 doublet
lines using results of 3D MHD simulations of disc accretion onto young stars
with dipole magnetic field. It appeared that our calculations can not reproduce
profiles of these lines observed (HST/GHRS-STIS and FUSE) in CTTSs's spectra.
We also found that the theory predicts much larger C IV 1550 line flux than
observed (up to two orders of magnitude in some cases) and argue that the main
portion of accretion energy in CTTSs is liberated outside accretion shock. We
conclude that the reason of disagreement between the theory and observation is
strongly non-dipole character of CTTS's magnetic field near its surface.
| astro-ph | we calculated profiles of civ 1550 si iv 1400 nv 1240 and ovi 1035 doublet lines using results of 3d mhd simulations of disc accretion onto young stars with dipole magnetic field it appeared that our calculations can not reproduce profiles of these lines observed hstghrsstis and fuse in cttsss spectra we also found that the theory predicts much larger c iv 1550 line flux than observed up to two orders of magnitude in some cases and argue that the main portion of accretion energy in cttss is liberated outside accretion shock we conclude that the reason of disagreement between the theory and observation is strongly nondipole character of cttss magnetic field near its surface | [['we', 'calculated', 'profiles', 'of', 'civ', '1550', 'si', 'iv', '1400', 'nv', '1240', 'and', 'ovi', '1035', 'doublet', 'lines', 'using', 'results', 'of', '3d', 'mhd', 'simulations', 'of', 'disc', 'accretion', 'onto', 'young', 'stars', 'with', 'dipole', 'magnetic', 'field', 'it', 'appeared', 'that', 'our', 'calculations', 'can', 'not', 'reproduce', 'profiles', 'of', 'these', 'lines', 'observed', 'hstghrsstis', 'and', 'fuse', 'in', 'cttsss', 'spectra', 'we', 'also', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'theory', 'predicts', 'much', 'larger', 'c', 'iv', '1550', 'line', 'flux', 'than', 'observed', 'up', 'to', 'two', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'in', 'some', 'cases', 'and', 'argue', 'that', 'the', 'main', 'portion', 'of', 'accretion', 'energy', 'in', 'cttss', 'is', 'liberated', 'outside', 'accretion', 'shock', 'we', 'conclude', 'that', 'the', 'reason', 'of', 'disagreement', 'between', 'the', 'theory', 'and', 'observation', 'is', 'strongly', 'nondipole', 'character', 'of', 'cttss', 'magnetic', 'field', 'near', 'its', 'surface']] | [-0.06381870683414483, 0.12300041795551644, 0.019977843294134445, 0.09060835616407603, -0.04171253243395317, -0.11955496619776947, 0.003461223497442835, 0.47902703881923075, -0.1628952218730629, -0.3489896045107625, -0.004360493034561189, -0.3035949558448211, -0.02140010532541087, 0.2098646409113158, 0.016144083054587904, -0.08052983470065354, 0.043750817790643964, -0.07139996426031653, -0.05155808535874286, -0.20530866863684052, 0.28962406543994207, 0.011809214760046618, 0.1950136923408383, 0.04691428490461106, 0.007174879127074923, -0.1215865475236875, -0.003527309053239569, 0.04214731146349606, -0.15413904074807158, 0.07017741039131595, 0.22059131931282777, 0.11912578179406216, 0.1853037581292797, -0.41150064180003465, -0.22239138827189409, 0.02502958786743899, 0.20410893771764452, 0.07410262773571684, -0.025360022339788554, -0.22487785296300344, 0.06972816660464536, -0.15265042722159256, -0.16560527666232885, 0.03345899666305137, 0.05907392361102445, 0.0003002062769590226, -0.21607954985157182, 0.08724735553177543, 0.05833642396754462, 0.10301467738122282, -0.1285486082202318, -0.08276146238250452, -0.1331785455885945, -0.012841794865444896, 0.07863608190163443, 0.03538233097395407, 0.22978931874556022, -0.13803329416633114, -0.05404777264436789, 0.3767621147536994, -0.14695963542766774, 0.023636496127212206, 0.20417506594326248, -0.2794921106341567, -0.11959695496258482, 0.22950049965287997, 0.08119937600603995, 0.13465434988956504, -0.051025988418707806, 0.008473372163119174, -0.05802619136690648, 0.2181182862738502, 0.046416977952044886, 0.03297806580229539, 0.28852558898352154, 0.030438048950503623, -0.04140058199903903, 0.06668804229785219, -0.21710929743517027, -0.06758486369080775, -0.2742965518274402, -0.1330629496209826, -0.12051302816232551, 0.08205072728278778, -0.09784785353947448, -0.13863982304732883, 0.360572576926675, 0.1844394858555654, 0.22069097532008866, -0.013477984721055337, 0.2657965223873611, 0.1368326896737717, 0.07735848669642664, 0.15083066687663704, 0.33202140042851924, 0.23227306732916134, 0.12956539295877503, -0.2669787149798059, 0.03463606818257708, 0.009948311348866045] |
711.294 | Electric transport and magnetic properties in multilayer graphene | We discuss electric transport and orbital magnetism of multilayer graphenes
in a weak-magnetic field using the matrix decomposition technique. At zero
temperature, the minimum conductivity is given by that of the monolayer system
multiplied by the layer number $N$, independent of the interlayer hopping $t$.
When the interlayer hopping satisfies the condition $t\gg \hbar/\tau$ with
$\tau$ being collision time of impurity scattering, $[N/2]$ kinks and $[N/2]+1$
plateaux appear in the Fermi-energy (gate voltage) dependence of the
conductivity and the Hall conductivity, respectively. These behaviors are
interpreted as multiband effects. We also found that the Hall conductivity and
the magnetic susceptibility take minimum value as a function of temperature,
for certain value of the gate voltage. This behavior is explained by
Fermi-energy dependence of these functions at zero temperature.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | we discuss electric transport and orbital magnetism of multilayer graphenes in a weakmagnetic field using the matrix decomposition technique at zero temperature the minimum conductivity is given by that of the monolayer system multiplied by the layer number n independent of the interlayer hopping t when the interlayer hopping satisfies the condition tgg hbartau with tau being collision time of impurity scattering n2 kinks and n21 plateaux appear in the fermienergy gate voltage dependence of the conductivity and the hall conductivity respectively these behaviors are interpreted as multiband effects we also found that the hall conductivity and the magnetic susceptibility take minimum value as a function of temperature for certain value of the gate voltage this behavior is explained by fermienergy dependence of these functions at zero temperature | [['we', 'discuss', 'electric', 'transport', 'and', 'orbital', 'magnetism', 'of', 'multilayer', 'graphenes', 'in', 'a', 'weakmagnetic', 'field', 'using', 'the', 'matrix', 'decomposition', 'technique', 'at', 'zero', 'temperature', 'the', 'minimum', 'conductivity', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'monolayer', 'system', 'multiplied', 'by', 'the', 'layer', 'number', 'n', 'independent', 'of', 'the', 'interlayer', 'hopping', 't', 'when', 'the', 'interlayer', 'hopping', 'satisfies', 'the', 'condition', 'tgg', 'hbartau', 'with', 'tau', 'being', 'collision', 'time', 'of', 'impurity', 'scattering', 'n2', 'kinks', 'and', 'n21', 'plateaux', 'appear', 'in', 'the', 'fermienergy', 'gate', 'voltage', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'conductivity', 'and', 'the', 'hall', 'conductivity', 'respectively', 'these', 'behaviors', 'are', 'interpreted', 'as', 'multiband', 'effects', 'we', 'also', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'hall', 'conductivity', 'and', 'the', 'magnetic', 'susceptibility', 'take', 'minimum', 'value', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'temperature', 'for', 'certain', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'gate', 'voltage', 'this', 'behavior', 'is', 'explained', 'by', 'fermienergy', 'dependence', 'of', 'these', 'functions', 'at', 'zero', 'temperature']] | [-0.2122029600239645, 0.23908654719180478, -0.04723529771381006, -0.0055748545262214585, 0.005303666164262558, -0.17871182593773668, 0.09561102222797908, 0.3529394929036938, -0.30420875935045283, -0.29016712190598015, 0.022941794455432752, -0.3081961581098488, -0.12502855673436017, 0.16074817695684263, 0.05752257914759043, 0.026518661308828302, -0.04797731391630891, -0.005044875822330671, -0.07559749260764774, -0.238282774054394, 0.2857764848309943, 0.009157746315266438, 0.27648067620296884, 0.14184468156680113, 0.037112831922732, 0.04612498070245359, 0.12041095306127017, 0.07968785436654383, -0.1326388103313841, -0.023428731726291847, 0.21028438303436292, -0.0919738569509217, 0.1860069012724039, -0.41361986006808094, -0.16364508359069665, 0.009715405696137684, 0.11862144956922555, 0.09303169621990656, -0.008407574909643865, -0.2019361228953431, 0.042826810897984284, -0.12828454691696706, -0.12458818481582415, -0.05902124731434788, 0.05760030940406054, -0.008022190066142462, -0.27836893400632023, 0.15398949020753952, 0.01935996924431657, 0.10573958101550367, -0.08927761968298573, -0.20617553230840713, -0.09470547357662104, 0.07036069373936597, 0.06923779729005741, 0.03858089536120455, 0.1895869813133471, -0.1429629200963142, -0.08865330826608449, 0.3082701050067746, -0.09175805604693986, -0.11417095917533701, 0.09536578425565573, -0.22532534204042098, -0.013014822937988155, 0.1404544347127181, 0.09557224046732263, 0.08447349024569895, -0.13365951287764122, 0.10818029266019447, -0.013009854563049914, 0.1360528091432556, 0.07460865594527324, 0.07473234969785246, 0.22583408526870913, 0.16357586192385126, 0.060343443821221004, 0.16588766693768245, -0.12084980864503135, 0.013766080815726377, -0.29688449799061173, -0.12520729134401937, -0.262362380055564, 0.11027517976921315, -0.13313806835354827, -0.20034818725264447, 0.4061617098499353, 0.16217131084417852, 0.23062933808353941, 0.016060834897198076, 0.23391686343976598, 0.2380454840200887, 0.08930071235788385, 0.07035128697826284, 0.19488259348431675, 0.19387415105726305, 0.16639242651799005, -0.3582225307367566, 0.07110723857465383, 0.05260826184920321] |
711.2941 | Holomorphic fillability and cohomology | I have withdrawn the paper, after having incorporated it into the paper
arXiv:0712.3484. In the meantime I have discovered that the main theorem proved
in the paper had already been proved by Bungart.
| math.CV math.SG | i have withdrawn the paper after having incorporated it into the paper arxiv07123484 in the meantime i have discovered that the main theorem proved in the paper had already been proved by bungart | [['i', 'have', 'withdrawn', 'the', 'paper', 'after', 'having', 'incorporated', 'it', 'into', 'the', 'paper', 'arxiv07123484', 'in', 'the', 'meantime', 'i', 'have', 'discovered', 'that', 'the', 'main', 'theorem', 'proved', 'in', 'the', 'paper', 'had', 'already', 'been', 'proved', 'by', 'bungart']] | [-0.0324739380364096, 0.041620985334438663, -0.14482669840611878, -0.034829478951231126, 0.0021516966122773385, -0.14395898177979455, -0.028209998681690666, 0.34284221741460985, -0.2153803773464695, -0.3095704871079614, 0.1406479077038145, -0.22807113303532522, -0.1899279306131986, 0.13807746743963611, -0.15765552042472747, 0.016871510133627924, 0.07587883393129995, 0.011991430314317826, 0.016076271880357977, -0.3681438728686302, 0.35951033084382933, 0.02266559001779364, 0.22071579363076918, 0.11552577509334491, 0.09675652323470961, -0.02970158663247862, -0.1318765710363345, 0.056255359923647295, -0.14750892635281837, 0.04456880532445446, 0.22654049951703317, 0.1203576469699563, 0.3898463770747185, -0.44876506467980726, -0.22690425080157095, 0.1166198818283456, 0.23769349310426943, 0.08468315702292227, -0.11501319249791483, -0.32856425913351195, 0.2073692409922519, -0.23514534641177423, -0.14643085764480696, 0.0037067284386965538, 0.07351556253964983, -0.05400703299129682, -0.090815007630285, -0.03398836386059561, 0.2364732020444447, 0.07109659946253223, -0.012323689076208299, -0.18760874275598796, -0.013185888288482543, 0.11368434143162542, 0.1576870964359372, 0.051551769112026496, -0.06642535034446947, -0.024885324701186148, -0.04924898889035948, 0.34711594999797885, 0.030174935897511822, -0.0946804031489357, 0.09755580293976011, -0.10951567755170888, -0.23302354579491, 0.1004400615309996, 0.12880564030380018, 0.06414466101916567, -0.2609849038023141, 0.17012065495815007, -0.07910013304001862, 0.07416197088276667, 0.1735031622792444, 0.014901527428939458, 0.1337413426128126, 0.12320118517644944, -0.009433050624906056, 0.1679085362702608, -0.05486350578646506, -0.021828045888293172, -0.2410213202238083, -0.1779855418079082, -0.21053723438132194, 0.04767791235879544, 0.1304433054531053, -0.047436445110267206, 0.38599079342619064, 0.18579908089351752, 0.13589456079587822, -0.0024959062857012595, 0.22227086871862411, 0.18114972775126056, 0.12718754565163004, 0.09175418140817314, 0.3769780071151833, 0.13824386522924947, 0.17787225694665987, -0.03992810535935625, 0.1738761411679368, 0.1311287692440073] |
711.2942 | Boundary effects of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations on charged
particles | The effects of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations with the boundary on
charged particles is investigated. They may be observed via an electron
interference experiment near the conducting plate, where boundary effects of
vacuum fluctuations are found significant on coherence reduction of the
electrons. The dynamics of the charge under the influence of quantized
electromagnetic fields with a conducting plate is also studied. The
corresponding stochastic equation of motion is derived in the semiclassical
approximation, and the behavior of the charge's velocity fluctuations is
discussed.
| hep-th | the effects of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations with the boundary on charged particles is investigated they may be observed via an electron interference experiment near the conducting plate where boundary effects of vacuum fluctuations are found significant on coherence reduction of the electrons the dynamics of the charge under the influence of quantized electromagnetic fields with a conducting plate is also studied the corresponding stochastic equation of motion is derived in the semiclassical approximation and the behavior of the charges velocity fluctuations is discussed | [['the', 'effects', 'of', 'electromagnetic', 'vacuum', 'fluctuations', 'with', 'the', 'boundary', 'on', 'charged', 'particles', 'is', 'investigated', 'they', 'may', 'be', 'observed', 'via', 'an', 'electron', 'interference', 'experiment', 'near', 'the', 'conducting', 'plate', 'where', 'boundary', 'effects', 'of', 'vacuum', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'found', 'significant', 'on', 'coherence', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'electrons', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'the', 'charge', 'under', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'quantized', 'electromagnetic', 'fields', 'with', 'a', 'conducting', 'plate', 'is', 'also', 'studied', 'the', 'corresponding', 'stochastic', 'equation', 'of', 'motion', 'is', 'derived', 'in', 'the', 'semiclassical', 'approximation', 'and', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'charges', 'velocity', 'fluctuations', 'is', 'discussed']] | [-0.18804096912751983, 0.23047613185365454, -0.09234165947839439, 0.0696508170509464, -0.004844762867383928, -0.07494377533916428, -0.03712572929931872, 0.31107335883271264, -0.22882500271795383, -0.2655617380458637, 0.06360051607438195, -0.32164623066558534, -0.0837208278566958, 0.14430179933916373, 0.0003445046471364527, 0.039996425239705896, 0.015666867620367782, 0.05408899646521692, -0.06202010210906436, -0.16570758944130445, 0.3128393674101007, 0.09056427085166235, 0.32727457641298513, 0.08384738103640883, 0.11133184425353286, 0.001687658482219979, 0.005486537343317486, 0.08711510110668928, -0.11394843230225954, 0.023932071469993477, 0.1656993502885642, -0.053187619754483544, 0.22059538449351507, -0.4899059330752815, -0.20904405523338412, 0.04680606281856097, 0.11833683528666698, 0.1285898449875594, -0.08120161592287112, -0.32814856592835073, 0.021017857939453728, -0.07701559549938124, -0.15124854941975818, 0.00045175029032201654, 0.005341623410447894, 0.03409713502490826, -0.27634179666189546, 0.11666510923988613, 0.021052502332737737, 0.026253281340721142, -0.10690173465219965, -0.0918880435582026, -0.0374810676011874, 0.08623403852177133, 0.11413798834679716, -0.006096166924640806, 0.21408316641148314, -0.15956831973674426, -0.0799513291567564, 0.3848965116215488, -0.0775004157527204, -0.25721023907234153, 0.13517660653521588, -0.21073821421533104, 0.018226210072816135, 0.1898494040683271, 0.1501628801406148, 0.10720381727554353, -0.17666709089808794, 0.08998576174588335, -0.015574056472831282, 0.11396016262146275, 0.06084853866844472, 0.06516064706830735, 0.24343943577933025, 0.15556626325944461, 0.009916160255670547, 0.1595440554777609, -0.1277586992280221, -0.11701673221583646, -0.334187138825655, -0.13521709431703371, -0.18199512014636793, 0.05241584417084793, -0.06358712952228471, -0.20163862135104207, 0.3691865133390908, 0.1275917087493644, 0.11901926372132926, -0.06443320323309176, 0.27311049289552564, 0.16641313127096158, 0.029802527850920177, 0.07110150924782796, 0.3391904165794377, 0.18154016965214748, 0.12569579882098428, -0.3176430225237665, 0.03612986824710865, 0.015412156355107226] |
711.2943 | Representation theory of C-algebras for a higher order class of spheres
and tori | We construct C-algebras for a class of surfaces that are inverse images of
certain polynomials of arbitrary degree. By using the directed graph associated
to a matrix, the representation theory can be understood in terms of ``loop''
and ``string'' representations, which are closely related to the dynamics of an
iterated map in the plane. As a particular class of algebras we introduce the
``Henon algebras'', for which the dynamical map is a generalized Henon map, and
give an example where irreducible representations of all dimensions exist.
| math-ph hep-th math.MP math.RT | we construct calgebras for a class of surfaces that are inverse images of certain polynomials of arbitrary degree by using the directed graph associated to a matrix the representation theory can be understood in terms of loop and string representations which are closely related to the dynamics of an iterated map in the plane as a particular class of algebras we introduce the henon algebras for which the dynamical map is a generalized henon map and give an example where irreducible representations of all dimensions exist | [['we', 'construct', 'calgebras', 'for', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'surfaces', 'that', 'are', 'inverse', 'images', 'of', 'certain', 'polynomials', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'degree', 'by', 'using', 'the', 'directed', 'graph', 'associated', 'to', 'a', 'matrix', 'the', 'representation', 'theory', 'can', 'be', 'understood', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'loop', 'and', 'string', 'representations', 'which', 'are', 'closely', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'an', 'iterated', 'map', 'in', 'the', 'plane', 'as', 'a', 'particular', 'class', 'of', 'algebras', 'we', 'introduce', 'the', 'henon', 'algebras', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'dynamical', 'map', 'is', 'a', 'generalized', 'henon', 'map', 'and', 'give', 'an', 'example', 'where', 'irreducible', 'representations', 'of', 'all', 'dimensions', 'exist']] | [-0.13238231350970997, 0.12531010298969408, -0.0708384795104584, 0.07418377789652494, -0.06563670141622424, -0.10479010021460221, -0.0690901287855732, 0.33261810207392933, -0.35257729309676, -0.22016806909164718, 0.13848610890780164, -0.2558048244154211, -0.23669589983927475, 0.2015952853165123, -0.08608859214325283, 0.010206040428128354, 0.04969071475572364, 0.0991952184392789, -0.10395918759723129, -0.2332811138614996, 0.42225080018668154, -0.020788488596905196, 0.18056298060299353, 0.01310506390494316, 0.15506646032770013, -0.014446122528508652, 0.005203798196690027, 0.03240181107160657, -0.12496867109684688, 0.15848701949864843, 0.2970531240381777, 0.090864525755954, 0.18135337244589314, -0.35058362875133753, -0.18386149954938785, 0.20079758070236028, 0.1349221015468153, 0.07484247842478718, -0.005657135368173205, -0.26771329154888557, 0.07958977897434907, -0.1727384011693323, -0.12722423581438963, -0.10942147369225791, 0.03702436557153326, 0.04066066270650819, -0.28240795391286877, 0.027937392574236837, 0.09177884869216563, 0.11018023685400569, -0.051416551445199306, -0.050562918467750385, -0.03078967841818582, 0.1389493817290248, -0.05607045445385454, 0.06184772063631478, 0.07742965533831266, -0.14946808684942162, -0.16302617578658946, 0.3769002435079148, -0.029705300996199165, -0.26398010001799393, 0.15067561486800915, -0.12693616011190814, -0.17606604284455263, 0.10956958915258563, 0.14881455822479586, 0.13160901531837013, -0.12129908744895528, 0.14525669502218924, -0.12559010130678153, 0.07574710644900712, 0.06856209561661926, -0.0035829459761031147, 0.17052533738531692, 0.07508317752318933, 0.07280174738099408, 0.21021883829556362, -0.0007614597284267548, -0.09906010765603981, -0.3163483610030177, -0.16165094204290315, -0.12883903300876967, 0.08241151670687073, -0.11783642528631431, -0.2232791393085621, 0.44945351492483604, 0.10876851326915933, 0.23965245835093218, 0.11489901555496333, 0.1788856649424794, 0.14105071955723256, 0.07624372264890131, 0.04170342956041528, 0.11771298809583451, 0.19759361290232128, -0.018287420099557833, -0.1373663415129264, -0.015137564076847115, 0.20121811683354682] |
711.2944 | Effect of the intergalactic environment on the observability of Ly-alpha
emitters during reionization | Observations of high-redshift Ly-alpha sources are a major tool for studying
the high-redshift Universe. We discuss the effect of the reionizing
intergalactic medium on the observability of Ly-alpha sources based on large
simulations of early structure formation with radiative transfer. This takes
into account self-consistently the reionization history, density, velocity and
ionization structures and nonlinear source clustering. We find that all fields
are highly anisotropic and as a consequence there are very large variations in
opacity among the different lines-of-sight. The velocity effects, from both
infall and source peculiar velocity are most important for the luminous
sources, affecting the line profile and depressing the bright end of the
luminosity function. The line profiles are generally asymmetric and the line
centers of the luminous sources are always absorbed due to the high density of
the local IGM. For both luminous and average sources the damping wing effects
are of similar magnitude and remain significant until fairly late.
The ionizing flux in the ionized patch surrounding a high density peak is
generally strongly dominated, particularly at late times, by the cluster of
faint sources, rather than the central massive galaxy. The IGM absorption does
not change appreciably the correlation function of sources at high redshift.
Our derived luminosity function assuming constant mass-to-light ratio provides
an excellent match to the shape of the observed luminosity function at z=6.6
with faint-end slope of alpha=-1.5. The resulting mass-to-light ratio implies
that the majority of sources responsible for reionization are too faint to be
observed by the current surveys. (abridged)
| astro-ph | observations of highredshift lyalpha sources are a major tool for studying the highredshift universe we discuss the effect of the reionizing intergalactic medium on the observability of lyalpha sources based on large simulations of early structure formation with radiative transfer this takes into account selfconsistently the reionization history density velocity and ionization structures and nonlinear source clustering we find that all fields are highly anisotropic and as a consequence there are very large variations in opacity among the different linesofsight the velocity effects from both infall and source peculiar velocity are most important for the luminous sources affecting the line profile and depressing the bright end of the luminosity function the line profiles are generally asymmetric and the line centers of the luminous sources are always absorbed due to the high density of the local igm for both luminous and average sources the damping wing effects are of similar magnitude and remain significant until fairly late the ionizing flux in the ionized patch surrounding a high density peak is generally strongly dominated particularly at late times by the cluster of faint sources rather than the central massive galaxy the igm absorption does not change appreciably the correlation function of sources at high redshift our derived luminosity function assuming constant masstolight ratio provides an excellent match to the shape of the observed luminosity function at z66 with faintend slope of alpha15 the resulting masstolight ratio implies that the majority of sources responsible for reionization are too faint to be observed by the current surveys abridged | [['observations', 'of', 'highredshift', 'lyalpha', 'sources', 'are', 'a', 'major', 'tool', 'for', 'studying', 'the', 'highredshift', 'universe', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'reionizing', 'intergalactic', 'medium', 'on', 'the', 'observability', 'of', 'lyalpha', 'sources', 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'majority', 'of', 'sources', 'responsible', 'for', 'reionization', 'are', 'too', 'faint', 'to', 'be', 'observed', 'by', 'the', 'current', 'surveys', 'abridged']] | [-0.06375387127100542, 0.1159313283881881, -0.0480115375587878, 0.12589106908321057, -0.08143422714302566, -0.060986200697705384, -0.00921702520842994, 0.4480189245971521, -0.1373392961993557, -0.3482610757671678, 0.04500640766153398, -0.3042671992956829, -0.011375383193435984, 0.1785296028898645, 0.03224017876603707, -0.03190993520983047, 0.011708432992766282, -0.11094742882850132, -0.01697067489225819, -0.25987481203032875, 0.32574695361664474, 0.1337124055973804, 0.24000202275365298, 0.01698449920628249, 0.07239619906676391, -0.07975842071125122, -0.11266822943383256, 0.006812173220526984, -0.10864972459056321, 0.01711386126304764, 0.23094342883096963, 0.11340151757724201, 0.23146472627037631, -0.3657832182027165, -0.22126670716614344, 0.11921149886700905, 0.19705182738697494, 0.07466002484768863, -0.06707862979598622, 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711.2945 | Generation and escape of local waves from the boundary of uncoupled
cardiac tissue | We aim to understand the formation of abnormal waves of activity from
myocardial regions with diminished cell-to-cell coupling. In route to this
goal, we studied the behavior of a heterogeneous myocyte network in which a
sharp coupling gradient was placed under conditions of increasing network
automaticity. Experiments were conducted in monolayers of neonatal rat
cardiomyocytes using heptanol and isoproterenol as means of altering
cell-to-cell coupling and automaticity respectively. Experimental findings were
explained and expanded using a modified Beeler-Reuter numerical model. The data
suggests that the combination of a heterogeneous substrate, a gradient of
coupling and an increase in oscillatory activity of individual cells creates a
rich set of behaviors associated with self-generated spiral waves and ectopic
sources. Spiral waves feature a flattened shape and a pin-unpin drift type of
tip motion. These intercellular waves are action-potential based and can be
visualized with either voltage or calcium transient measurements. A source/load
mismatch on the interface between the boundary and well-coupled layers can lock
wavefronts emanating from both ectopic sources and rotating waves within the
inner layers of the coupling gradient. A numerical approach allowed us to
explore how: i) the spatial distribution of cells, ii) the amplitude and
dispersion of cell automaticity, iii) and the speed at which the coupling
gradient moves in space, affects wave behavior, including its escape into
well-coupled tissue.
| q-bio.TO q-bio.CB | we aim to understand the formation of abnormal waves of activity from myocardial regions with diminished celltocell coupling in route to this goal we studied the behavior of a heterogeneous myocyte network in which a sharp coupling gradient was placed under conditions of increasing network automaticity experiments were conducted in monolayers of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes using heptanol and isoproterenol as means of altering celltocell coupling and automaticity respectively experimental findings were explained and expanded using a modified beelerreuter numerical model the data suggests that the combination of a heterogeneous substrate a gradient of coupling and an increase in oscillatory activity of individual cells creates a rich set of behaviors associated with selfgenerated spiral waves and ectopic sources spiral waves feature a flattened shape and a pinunpin drift type of tip motion these intercellular waves are actionpotential based and can be visualized with either voltage or calcium transient measurements a sourceload mismatch on the interface between the boundary and wellcoupled layers can lock wavefronts emanating from both ectopic sources and rotating waves within the inner layers of the coupling gradient a numerical approach allowed us to explore how i the spatial distribution of cells ii the amplitude and dispersion of cell automaticity iii and the speed at which the coupling gradient moves in space affects wave behavior including its escape into wellcoupled tissue | [['we', 'aim', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'abnormal', 'waves', 'of', 'activity', 'from', 'myocardial', 'regions', 'with', 'diminished', 'celltocell', 'coupling', 'in', 'route', 'to', 'this', 'goal', 'we', 'studied', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'a', 'heterogeneous', 'myocyte', 'network', 'in', 'which', 'a', 'sharp', 'coupling', 'gradient', 'was', 'placed', 'under', 'conditions', 'of', 'increasing', 'network', 'automaticity', 'experiments', 'were', 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711.2946 | Radio spectrum evolution and magnetic field in extreme GPS radio
sources. The case of RXJ1459+3337 | Aims: The knowledge of the properties of the youngest radio sources is very
important in order to trace the earliest phase of the evolution of the radio
emission. RXJ1459+3337, with its high turnover frequency (~25 GHz) provides a
unique opportunity to study this class of extreme objects. Methods:
High-sensitivity multi-frequency VLA observations have been carried out to
measure the flux-density with high accuracy, while multi-frequency VLBA
observations were performed, aimed at determining the pc-scale structure.
Archival ROSAT data have been used to infer the X-ray luminosity. Results: The
comparison between our new VLA data and those available in the literature shows
a steady increment of the flux-density in the optically-thick part of the
spectrum and a decrement of the turnover frequency. In the optically-thin
regime, the source flux density has already started to decrease. Such a
variability can be explained in terms of an adiabatically-expanding homogeneous
radio component. The frequency range spanned by our VLBA observations, together
with the resolution achieved, allows us to determine the source size and the
turnover frequency, and then to derive the magnetic field directly from these
observable quantities. The value obtained in this way is in good agreement with
that computed assuming equipartition condition. A similar value is also
obtained by comparing the radio and X-ray luminosities.
| astro-ph | aims the knowledge of the properties of the youngest radio sources is very important in order to trace the earliest phase of the evolution of the radio emission rxj14593337 with its high turnover frequency 25 ghz provides a unique opportunity to study this class of extreme objects methods highsensitivity multifrequency vla observations have been carried out to measure the fluxdensity with high accuracy while multifrequency vlba observations were performed aimed at determining the pcscale structure archival rosat data have been used to infer the xray luminosity results the comparison between our new vla data and those available in the literature shows a steady increment of the fluxdensity in the opticallythick part of the spectrum and a decrement of the turnover frequency in the opticallythin regime the source flux density has already started to decrease such a variability can be explained in terms of an adiabaticallyexpanding homogeneous radio component the frequency range spanned by our vlba observations together with the resolution achieved allows us to determine the source size and the turnover frequency and then to derive the magnetic field directly from these observable quantities the value obtained in this way is in good agreement with that computed assuming equipartition condition a similar value is also obtained by comparing the radio and xray luminosities | [['aims', 'the', 'knowledge', 'of', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'youngest', 'radio', 'sources', 'is', 'very', 'important', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'trace', 'the', 'earliest', 'phase', 'of', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'radio', 'emission', 'rxj14593337', 'with', 'its', 'high', 'turnover', 'frequency', '25', 'ghz', 'provides', 'a', 'unique', 'opportunity', 'to', 'study', 'this', 'class', 'of', 'extreme', 'objects', 'methods', 'highsensitivity', 'multifrequency', 'vla', 'observations', 'have', 'been', 'carried', 'out', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'fluxdensity', 'with', 'high', 'accuracy', 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711.2947 | Transport of ions in a segmented linear Paul trap in
printed-circuit-board technology | We describe the construction and operation of a segmented linear Paul trap,
fabricated in printed-circuit-board technology with an electrode segment width
of 500 microns. We prove the applicability of this technology to reliable ion
trapping and report the observation of Doppler cooled ion crystals of Ca-40
with this kind of traps. Measured trap frequencies agree with numerical
simulations at the level of a few percent from which we infer a high
fabrication accuracy of the segmented trap. To demonstrate its usefulness and
versatility for trapped ion experiments we study the fast transport of a single
ion. Our experimental results show a success rate of 99.0(1)% for a transport
distance of 2x2mm in a round-trip time of T=20us, which corresponds to 4 axial
oscillations only. We theoretically and experimentally investigate the
excitation of oscillations caused by fast ion transports with error-function
voltage ramps: For a slightly slower transport (a round-trip shuttle within
T=30us) we observe non-adiabatic motional excitation of 0.89(15)meV.
| quant-ph | we describe the construction and operation of a segmented linear paul trap fabricated in printedcircuitboard technology with an electrode segment width of 500 microns we prove the applicability of this technology to reliable ion trapping and report the observation of doppler cooled ion crystals of ca40 with this kind of traps measured trap frequencies agree with numerical simulations at the level of a few percent from which we infer a high fabrication accuracy of the segmented trap to demonstrate its usefulness and versatility for trapped ion experiments we study the fast transport of a single ion our experimental results show a success rate of 9901 for a transport distance of 2x2mm in a roundtrip time of t20us which corresponds to 4 axial oscillations only we theoretically and experimentally investigate the excitation of oscillations caused by fast ion transports with errorfunction voltage ramps for a slightly slower transport a roundtrip shuttle within t30us we observe nonadiabatic motional excitation of 08915mev | [['we', 'describe', 'the', 'construction', 'and', 'operation', 'of', 'a', 'segmented', 'linear', 'paul', 'trap', 'fabricated', 'in', 'printedcircuitboard', 'technology', 'with', 'an', 'electrode', 'segment', 'width', 'of', '500', 'microns', 'we', 'prove', 'the', 'applicability', 'of', 'this', 'technology', 'to', 'reliable', 'ion', 'trapping', 'and', 'report', 'the', 'observation', 'of', 'doppler', 'cooled', 'ion', 'crystals', 'of', 'ca40', 'with', 'this', 'kind', 'of', 'traps', 'measured', 'trap', 'frequencies', 'agree', 'with', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'at', 'the', 'level', 'of', 'a', 'few', 'percent', 'from', 'which', 'we', 'infer', 'a', 'high', 'fabrication', 'accuracy', 'of', 'the', 'segmented', 'trap', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'its', 'usefulness', 'and', 'versatility', 'for', 'trapped', 'ion', 'experiments', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'fast', 'transport', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'ion', 'our', 'experimental', 'results', 'show', 'a', 'success', 'rate', 'of', '9901', 'for', 'a', 'transport', 'distance', 'of', '2x2mm', 'in', 'a', 'roundtrip', 'time', 'of', 't20us', 'which', 'corresponds', 'to', '4', 'axial', 'oscillations', 'only', 'we', 'theoretically', 'and', 'experimentally', 'investigate', 'the', 'excitation', 'of', 'oscillations', 'caused', 'by', 'fast', 'ion', 'transports', 'with', 'errorfunction', 'voltage', 'ramps', 'for', 'a', 'slightly', 'slower', 'transport', 'a', 'roundtrip', 'shuttle', 'within', 't30us', 'we', 'observe', 'nonadiabatic', 'motional', 'excitation', 'of', '08915mev']] | [-0.11284436497764734, 0.1881016513504513, -0.005782507715275052, -0.032866997355534756, 0.03644274228385517, -0.1849989544588153, 0.08567058940889774, 0.41515492488230976, -0.23661901927008838, -0.30116305455517073, 0.053449329716008305, -0.2630903712086767, -0.029221589602953332, 0.2504866784695512, -0.016418157280694887, 0.05641346769188168, 0.1103541402149244, -0.014901901722293009, -0.07039052841265674, -0.15862784042724637, 0.18854724936256814, 0.1196078843763703, 0.29843653556543054, 0.1017312894170112, 0.15086029923533079, -0.035804676657010405, 0.048540322938571114, -0.0022952379416916278, -0.14731744087362425, 0.12874712441086333, 0.20945758780150056, 0.02534540116487603, 0.26886902853556266, -0.4507618337482601, -0.1994168451688987, 0.013536191668645661, 0.14911012096306334, 0.17649306258483027, -0.11340243851481756, -0.25521209469524686, 0.020036602803270104, -0.1549215517188241, -0.16773530862947272, -0.07136316782516705, 0.021671920264889667, 0.06499430806490944, -0.26096010883924603, 0.07214067394954043, 0.020270800039583405, 0.09874365639014097, -0.05373116750224772, -0.06721484020062081, 0.02527875434637505, 0.045428647814876426, -0.03591433918865567, 0.003452858627001247, 0.22488730605510246, -0.0706325342989067, -0.10537039724408419, 0.34462284935098186, -0.1065461415247145, -0.1010569729554987, 0.1513415314257145, -0.21657339353174843, -0.03492373794426101, 0.15879054592964661, 0.19069272199004597, 0.11248425594772901, -0.12526782883887555, -0.021096914705016057, 0.0054588259497125235, 0.17933172609091697, 0.1405856633050875, 0.040946528735848794, 0.20456168432939228, 0.2379759112123533, 0.03127737623917592, 0.1736973991475632, -0.18971376054218742, -0.030539355582448763, -0.2775400718976441, -0.15433672382311092, -0.17704405718900312, 0.038231807283137915, -0.009657936877882495, -0.13756302030047995, 0.44244765322020446, 0.16413687762816426, 0.20726779040460197, 0.016890145561585277, 0.30279155253952783, 0.0951886287831411, 0.07853124393210686, 0.041778026607156696, 0.2638285720884171, 0.13989247349786343, 0.11799421658824114, -0.3164022314413632, 0.014468371470507186, -0.006373749010252778] |
711.2948 | The Neutron Energy Spectrum Study from the Phase II Solid Methane
Moderator at the LENS Neutron Source | Neutron energy spectrum measurements from a solid methane moderator were
performed at the Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) at Indiana University
Cyclotron Facility (IUCF) to verify our neutron scattering model of solid
methane. The time-of-flight method was used to measure the energy spectrum of
the moderator in the energy range of 0.1$meV\sim$ 1$eV$. Neutrons were counted
with a high efficiency $^{3}{He}$ detector. The solid methane moderator was
operated in phase II temperature and the energy spectra were measured at the
temperatures of 20K and 4K. We have also tested our newly-developed scattering
kernels for phase II solid methane by calculating the neutron spectral
intensity expected from the methane moderator at the LENS neutron source using
MCNP (Monte Carlo N-particle Transport Code). Within the expected accuracy of
our approximate approach, our model predicts both the neutron spectral
intensity and the optimal thickness of the moderator at both temperatures. The
predictions are compared to the measured energy spectra. The simulations agree
with the measurement data at both temperatures.
| nucl-ex | neutron energy spectrum measurements from a solid methane moderator were performed at the low energy neutron source lens at indiana university cyclotron facility iucf to verify our neutron scattering model of solid methane the timeofflight method was used to measure the energy spectrum of the moderator in the energy range of 01mevsim 1ev neutrons were counted with a high efficiency 3he detector the solid methane moderator was operated in phase ii temperature and the energy spectra were measured at the temperatures of 20k and 4k we have also tested our newlydeveloped scattering kernels for phase ii solid methane by calculating the neutron spectral intensity expected from the methane moderator at the lens neutron source using mcnp monte carlo nparticle transport code within the expected accuracy of our approximate approach our model predicts both the neutron spectral intensity and the optimal thickness of the moderator at both temperatures the predictions are compared to the measured energy spectra the simulations agree with the measurement data at both temperatures | [['neutron', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'measurements', 'from', 'a', 'solid', 'methane', 'moderator', 'were', 'performed', 'at', 'the', 'low', 'energy', 'neutron', 'source', 'lens', 'at', 'indiana', 'university', 'cyclotron', 'facility', 'iucf', 'to', 'verify', 'our', 'neutron', 'scattering', 'model', 'of', 'solid', 'methane', 'the', 'timeofflight', 'method', 'was', 'used', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'moderator', 'in', 'the', 'energy', 'range', 'of', '01mevsim', '1ev', 'neutrons', 'were', 'counted', 'with', 'a', 'high', 'efficiency', '3he', 'detector', 'the', 'solid', 'methane', 'moderator', 'was', 'operated', 'in', 'phase', 'ii', 'temperature', 'and', 'the', 'energy', 'spectra', 'were', 'measured', 'at', 'the', 'temperatures', 'of', '20k', 'and', '4k', 'we', 'have', 'also', 'tested', 'our', 'newlydeveloped', 'scattering', 'kernels', 'for', 'phase', 'ii', 'solid', 'methane', 'by', 'calculating', 'the', 'neutron', 'spectral', 'intensity', 'expected', 'from', 'the', 'methane', 'moderator', 'at', 'the', 'lens', 'neutron', 'source', 'using', 'mcnp', 'monte', 'carlo', 'nparticle', 'transport', 'code', 'within', 'the', 'expected', 'accuracy', 'of', 'our', 'approximate', 'approach', 'our', 'model', 'predicts', 'both', 'the', 'neutron', 'spectral', 'intensity', 'and', 'the', 'optimal', 'thickness', 'of', 'the', 'moderator', 'at', 'both', 'temperatures', 'the', 'predictions', 'are', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'measured', 'energy', 'spectra', 'the', 'simulations', 'agree', 'with', 'the', 'measurement', 'data', 'at', 'both', 'temperatures']] | [0.0038475908536576863, 0.18158777777218457, -0.0955450387332927, 0.062170205101596585, 0.028858438928639797, -0.09870456502857533, 0.07094751675895443, 0.39348945617958, -0.200168142524181, -0.37918727321155143, 0.04988443004955171, -0.37174749343345564, 0.0722381795982294, 0.22737990145176423, 0.04926037245260721, 0.08041908477687022, 0.08601437764891395, 0.0163848798584447, -0.08574428807266733, -0.1703926287746678, 0.25913157046377433, 0.19178005599445014, 0.2994803561292814, 0.09705479233102365, 0.09723604866515168, -0.022145479293469564, -0.024003425996863482, -0.047755655268150746, -0.1510849634608762, 0.023340136744081974, 0.31098492189987814, 0.0323098516204592, 0.08628501084943613, -0.42069475478704343, -0.23041543330658565, 0.059445758952730986, 0.03281096905526338, 0.07331743438756376, -0.06211001030592756, -0.22824018816604758, 0.03664758671639544, -0.19237066565758804, -0.13754224945141963, -0.023075097900899975, -0.07377785994022182, 0.06319663973355835, -0.24422886579607925, 0.05605076578653869, -0.03900266523952737, 0.07732316975227811, -0.1510433137840168, -0.20547036614099687, -0.0452822781817028, 0.07189519159905049, -0.02038415971451975, 0.03041654684453864, 0.19141403594138948, -0.09085185932503505, -0.024511156671426514, 0.35254062630913474, -0.09519377210262146, -0.05746459471005382, 0.18557712072788765, -0.22087951424164753, -0.06271270906947779, 0.2789232594779495, 0.14223980633259722, 0.13645157146295814, -0.15735827080453887, 0.004940719279340666, -0.00108498554450996, 0.21431428675511568, 0.10337217446896389, -0.01808669702008818, 0.24679079728596137, 0.2101771965806344, -0.06880460500886494, 0.10141166716560045, -0.26737908590020554, -0.01746131141147943, -0.2423982980985646, -0.13045488006124895, -0.19757356516960445, -0.0017002392715464035, -0.06430757729253718, -0.08059423546673673, 0.32644665859371536, 0.09169950002070629, 0.1037036738104441, 0.019348796496562886, 0.32908561186808527, 0.11088523746990232, 0.040152783214227494, 0.0635581360283223, 0.2839935221173095, 0.13159156270240518, 0.1835951184966799, -0.31174137418468795, 0.049436385348213444, -0.0072884217807740875] |
711.2949 | Stochastic convergence of random search to fixed size Pareto set
approximations | This paper presents the first convergence result for random search algorithms
to a subset of the Pareto set of given maximum size k with bounds on the
approximation quality. The core of the algorithm is a new selection criterion
based on a hypothetical multilevel grid on the objective space. It is shown
that, when using this criterion for accepting new search points, the sequence
of solution archives converges with probability one to a subset of the Pareto
set that epsilon-dominates the entire Pareto set. The obtained approximation
quality epsilon is equal to the size of the grid cells on the finest level of
resolution that allows an approximation with at most k points within the family
of grids considered. While the convergence result is of general theoretical
interest, the archiving algorithm might be of high practical value for any type
iterative multiobjective optimization method, such as evolutionary algorithms
or other metaheuristics, which all rely on the usage of a finite on-line memory
to store the best solutions found so far as the current approximation of the
Pareto set.
| math.OC | this paper presents the first convergence result for random search algorithms to a subset of the pareto set of given maximum size k with bounds on the approximation quality the core of the algorithm is a new selection criterion based on a hypothetical multilevel grid on the objective space it is shown that when using this criterion for accepting new search points the sequence of solution archives converges with probability one to a subset of the pareto set that epsilondominates the entire pareto set the obtained approximation quality epsilon is equal to the size of the grid cells on the finest level of resolution that allows an approximation with at most k points within the family of grids considered while the convergence result is of general theoretical interest the archiving algorithm might be of high practical value for any type iterative multiobjective optimization method such as evolutionary algorithms or other metaheuristics which all rely on the usage of a finite online memory to store the best solutions found so far as the current approximation of the pareto set | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'the', 'first', 'convergence', 'result', 'for', 'random', 'search', 'algorithms', 'to', 'a', 'subset', 'of', 'the', 'pareto', 'set', 'of', 'given', 'maximum', 'size', 'k', 'with', 'bounds', 'on', 'the', 'approximation', 'quality', 'the', 'core', 'of', 'the', 'algorithm', 'is', 'a', 'new', 'selection', 'criterion', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'hypothetical', 'multilevel', 'grid', 'on', 'the', 'objective', 'space', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'when', 'using', 'this', 'criterion', 'for', 'accepting', 'new', 'search', 'points', 'the', 'sequence', 'of', 'solution', 'archives', 'converges', 'with', 'probability', 'one', 'to', 'a', 'subset', 'of', 'the', 'pareto', 'set', 'that', 'epsilondominates', 'the', 'entire', 'pareto', 'set', 'the', 'obtained', 'approximation', 'quality', 'epsilon', 'is', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'grid', 'cells', 'on', 'the', 'finest', 'level', 'of', 'resolution', 'that', 'allows', 'an', 'approximation', 'with', 'at', 'most', 'k', 'points', 'within', 'the', 'family', 'of', 'grids', 'considered', 'while', 'the', 'convergence', 'result', 'is', 'of', 'general', 'theoretical', 'interest', 'the', 'archiving', 'algorithm', 'might', 'be', 'of', 'high', 'practical', 'value', 'for', 'any', 'type', 'iterative', 'multiobjective', 'optimization', 'method', 'such', 'as', 'evolutionary', 'algorithms', 'or', 'other', 'metaheuristics', 'which', 'all', 'rely', 'on', 'the', 'usage', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'online', 'memory', 'to', 'store', 'the', 'best', 'solutions', 'found', 'so', 'far', 'as', 'the', 'current', 'approximation', 'of', 'the', 'pareto', 'set']] | [-0.07815981303310815, 0.011669988304032618, -0.08878587054662238, 0.04446225300678552, -0.08817416331388772, -0.11713421004587564, 0.13374669469582537, 0.34932694720935686, -0.27768679476529884, -0.31793394772662115, 0.11908056576457401, -0.24422865782051786, -0.10745309849038173, 0.19547753109094176, -0.0601764261698887, 0.09210999069951138, 0.07165063152387001, 0.06531811995684343, -0.02403786190585523, -0.30143944462392963, 0.30082676450769275, 0.05658824674227396, 0.29745775378588063, -0.0072525606522241895, 0.08987777054335824, -0.02948211996137338, 0.0037214891790375536, 0.03662353136565531, -0.12630524850606828, 0.13169450644998268, 0.23870676015977257, 0.2256750051000571, 0.34464975070250403, -0.34345353707818493, -0.153536110967766, 0.135931502693559, 0.14913224142852455, 0.07573503715257124, -0.03719707172019354, -0.2214391947471363, 0.13363805642656687, -0.10517331431991431, -0.11906891819457971, -0.06381633362106684, -0.013677197027067512, 0.07158570976284633, -0.32576755575288485, -0.025639599457509436, 0.03701475279216292, 0.017352392518166768, -0.06009861098182793, -0.16910527800117742, 0.024518716727820158, 0.08705793699268699, 0.015323098969914146, 0.048448528053461296, 0.08173199292103954, -0.10728644481255005, -0.12528912780943227, 0.4045048703181052, -0.02227716939523816, -0.21644941170760404, 0.16188135627909736, -0.10521044104365306, -0.11942781021260777, 0.17098455221555328, 0.1800278409036918, 0.15273519761144777, -0.14082876758856797, 0.0921608332602444, -0.07032321435583513, 0.16068802887605407, 0.06340586253715479, 0.020827948948760427, 0.14552589956444745, 0.22626722532608626, 0.17667774616748536, 0.11205357699069632, -0.07592571910475986, -0.10543547713034655, -0.3084713858841671, -0.12308999787395199, -0.2315819122766718, 0.01803713171916493, -0.14256902208609643, -0.24090879862469694, 0.3847871060946188, 0.1421640198572544, 0.1732623776273623, 0.10065573664174263, 0.3182384597274375, 0.1159509383816151, 0.027038153850257735, 0.13038928579739006, 0.17861093099671022, 0.04848878258065778, 0.07239953072157577, -0.19882501616921422, 0.12000094305481868, 0.1239858399708308] |
711.295 | On the impact of systematical uncertainties for the CP violation
measurement in superbeam experiments | Superbeam experiments can, in principle, achieve impressive sensitivities for
CP violation in neutrino oscillations for large $\theta_{13}$. We study how
those sensitivities depend on assumptions about systematical uncertainties. We
focus on the second phase of T2K, the so-called T2HK experiment, and we
explicitly include a near detector in the analysis. Our main result is that
even an idealised near detector cannot remove the dependence on systematical
uncertainties completely. Thus additional information is required. We identify
certain combinations of uncertainties, which are the key to improve the
sensitivity to CP violation, for example the ratio of electron to muon neutrino
cross sections and efficiencies. For uncertainties on this ratio larger than
2%, T2HK is systematics dominated. We briefly discuss how our results apply to
a possible two far detector configuration, called T2KK. We do not find a
significant advantage with respect to the reduction of systematical errors for
the measurement of CP violation for this setup.
| hep-ph hep-ex | superbeam experiments can in principle achieve impressive sensitivities for cp violation in neutrino oscillations for large theta_13 we study how those sensitivities depend on assumptions about systematical uncertainties we focus on the second phase of t2k the socalled t2hk experiment and we explicitly include a near detector in the analysis our main result is that even an idealised near detector cannot remove the dependence on systematical uncertainties completely thus additional information is required we identify certain combinations of uncertainties which are the key to improve the sensitivity to cp violation for example the ratio of electron to muon neutrino cross sections and efficiencies for uncertainties on this ratio larger than 2 t2hk is systematics dominated we briefly discuss how our results apply to a possible two far detector configuration called t2kk we do not find a significant advantage with respect to the reduction of systematical errors for the measurement of cp violation for this setup | [['superbeam', 'experiments', 'can', 'in', 'principle', 'achieve', 'impressive', 'sensitivities', 'for', 'cp', 'violation', 'in', 'neutrino', 'oscillations', 'for', 'large', 'theta_13', 'we', 'study', 'how', 'those', 'sensitivities', 'depend', 'on', 'assumptions', 'about', 'systematical', 'uncertainties', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'second', 'phase', 'of', 't2k', 'the', 'socalled', 't2hk', 'experiment', 'and', 'we', 'explicitly', 'include', 'a', 'near', 'detector', 'in', 'the', 'analysis', 'our', 'main', 'result', 'is', 'that', 'even', 'an', 'idealised', 'near', 'detector', 'can', 'not', 'remove', 'the', 'dependence', 'on', 'systematical', 'uncertainties', 'completely', 'thus', 'additional', 'information', 'is', 'required', 'we', 'identify', 'certain', 'combinations', 'of', 'uncertainties', 'which', 'are', 'the', 'key', 'to', 'improve', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'cp', 'violation', 'for', 'example', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'electron', 'to', 'muon', 'neutrino', 'cross', 'sections', 'and', 'efficiencies', 'for', 'uncertainties', 'on', 'this', 'ratio', 'larger', 'than', '2', 't2hk', 'is', 'systematics', 'dominated', 'we', 'briefly', 'discuss', 'how', 'our', 'results', 'apply', 'to', 'a', 'possible', 'two', 'far', 'detector', 'configuration', 'called', 't2kk', 'we', 'do', 'not', 'find', 'a', 'significant', 'advantage', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'reduction', 'of', 'systematical', 'errors', 'for', 'the', 'measurement', 'of', 'cp', 'violation', 'for', 'this', 'setup']] | [-0.08820249279214738, 0.1415621844122749, -0.023803836719777722, 0.1370861125723399, -0.07285242137881234, -0.10226625771536373, 0.07850790125443242, 0.3444641026107069, -0.1982209101544681, -0.3372707949814727, 0.09759611186111727, -0.31098844608566606, -0.06497167890819792, 0.22512942528611837, -0.06260664432454341, 0.05742419994949626, 0.10142089693974225, -0.03217880992003931, -0.1451117198676235, -0.21956752593261905, 0.2930181297318389, 0.12525233782183093, 0.26592873504015213, 0.10766977548766403, 0.072049719241197, -0.03845984354922667, -0.05548669652153666, -0.017766870603036996, -0.13927964697615655, 0.03678076332718588, 0.23206582070680526, 0.1315558701962567, 0.13462708186573133, -0.39004684583498883, -0.1350513723356506, 0.1869379515753677, 0.11211452466877511, 0.11991455812434045, -0.03398438853969893, -0.2883989604619833, 0.0791876794447979, -0.16563700485335758, -0.1216011059027201, -0.09722582578587417, -0.046835829778455004, -0.03009935504404637, -0.29682224528350604, 0.06277472359420827, 0.0177391313511926, 0.024832417203399997, 0.021935744152123775, -0.18865588759907928, 0.07675485437712035, 0.08559175044930993, 0.0858892470983287, -0.016001709640617125, 0.14542362806446946, -0.10487698647492112, -0.11231000300605769, 0.3782474720755067, -0.0698452387830632, -0.21785069638505006, 0.10316089910264008, -0.2051704429054203, -0.1826314661780205, 0.1186614007068177, 0.20379693226482815, 0.0491656264445434, -0.1589522608764804, 0.03570229835876932, -0.017029774339439776, 0.2069652542256965, 0.04196187523522008, 0.04874704619541239, 0.19426964415619388, 0.2247517700993623, 0.13440531684990184, 0.03781694876633059, -0.1617392294544679, -0.04901141599783351, -0.39400086225344777, -0.09640055155763641, -0.08223891633007532, 0.053029846417372864, -0.04551714519915643, -0.06505972104880642, 0.38686069800781137, 0.2175494174992379, 0.1818880845571701, 0.010827307213987343, 0.33266806240098024, 0.05038749294218201, 0.0642707452404862, -0.020706607512413308, 0.36062943390704905, 0.10258776361409289, 0.09123441246218789, -0.2840210828105158, 0.0896406374955311, -0.0157322027371265] |
711.2951 | Floating Tip Nanolithography | We demonstrate noncontact, high quality surface modification with spatial
resolution of ~20 nm. The nanowriting is based on the interaction between the
surface and the tip of an Atomic force microscope illuminated by a focused
laser beam and hovering 1-4 nanometers above the surface without touching it.
The floating tip nanowriting is compared to mechanical surface scratching, and
is found to be much more reproducible, and of higher quality. In an
Apertureless Scanning Near Field Optical Microscope geometry the tip is
illuminated by a focused femtosecond laser, leading to two different, clearly
identifiable mechanisms for removing material from the surface: when heated by
the laser beam, the hot-tip thermally patterns the surface of low melting
temperature soft materials, and when focused right at the apex of the sharp
tip, the enhanced electric field of the laser beam causes ablation in high
melting temperature metal films.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we demonstrate noncontact high quality surface modification with spatial resolution of 20 nm the nanowriting is based on the interaction between the surface and the tip of an atomic force microscope illuminated by a focused laser beam and hovering 14 nanometers above the surface without touching it the floating tip nanowriting is compared to mechanical surface scratching and is found to be much more reproducible and of higher quality in an apertureless scanning near field optical microscope geometry the tip is illuminated by a focused femtosecond laser leading to two different clearly identifiable mechanisms for removing material from the surface when heated by the laser beam the hottip thermally patterns the surface of low melting temperature soft materials and when focused right at the apex of the sharp tip the enhanced electric field of the laser beam causes ablation in high melting temperature metal films | [['we', 'demonstrate', 'noncontact', 'high', 'quality', 'surface', 'modification', 'with', 'spatial', 'resolution', 'of', '20', 'nm', 'the', 'nanowriting', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'interaction', 'between', 'the', 'surface', 'and', 'the', 'tip', 'of', 'an', 'atomic', 'force', 'microscope', 'illuminated', 'by', 'a', 'focused', 'laser', 'beam', 'and', 'hovering', '14', 'nanometers', 'above', 'the', 'surface', 'without', 'touching', 'it', 'the', 'floating', 'tip', 'nanowriting', 'is', 'compared', 'to', 'mechanical', 'surface', 'scratching', 'and', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'much', 'more', 'reproducible', 'and', 'of', 'higher', 'quality', 'in', 'an', 'apertureless', 'scanning', 'near', 'field', 'optical', 'microscope', 'geometry', 'the', 'tip', 'is', 'illuminated', 'by', 'a', 'focused', 'femtosecond', 'laser', 'leading', 'to', 'two', 'different', 'clearly', 'identifiable', 'mechanisms', 'for', 'removing', 'material', 'from', 'the', 'surface', 'when', 'heated', 'by', 'the', 'laser', 'beam', 'the', 'hottip', 'thermally', 'patterns', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'low', 'melting', 'temperature', 'soft', 'materials', 'and', 'when', 'focused', 'right', 'at', 'the', 'apex', 'of', 'the', 'sharp', 'tip', 'the', 'enhanced', 'electric', 'field', 'of', 'the', 'laser', 'beam', 'causes', 'ablation', 'in', 'high', 'melting', 'temperature', 'metal', 'films']] | [-0.09000757592487692, 0.19949214418839903, -0.0879121077434522, -0.019440020665772155, -0.013649062727280479, -0.17048241259504315, 0.04869273839802998, 0.4627850745520037, -0.25506855407729745, -0.3391304871895247, 0.036177305237894565, -0.31186157402246156, -0.05670867095048177, 0.25341621980381507, -0.05473606517383208, 0.032320163935865925, -0.029380440194573667, -0.06158275142499608, -0.032142333233625524, -0.15149518389080185, 0.28471273326269714, 0.11398236548282309, 0.35058933017232147, 0.11917177469715373, 0.0963337435387075, -0.005955395735024164, 0.08029660790149744, 0.004143056026401205, -0.12927924088823298, 0.08773638446129756, 0.170481189794777, -0.05473359461191447, 0.23816173367150542, -0.5183788023811454, -0.22317218761761776, -0.04776839659381141, 0.10485766933480692, 0.11456194278758226, -0.09329276822376818, -0.2640892963714173, 0.04438452833953003, -0.03709274250690618, -0.14886126921757953, 0.007858266507456493, -0.023758985689103913, 0.03364763213903643, -0.18412747354563586, 0.019460863407908216, 0.0073081229477086, 0.17106466761793448, -0.06124461398899762, -0.05727642765204008, -0.1004021206818935, 0.04620238979057629, 0.02082669338495988, 0.1059883837968098, 0.28299022238287663, -0.1763862608349882, 0.0033004030289400057, 0.3466166021535173, -0.08084242510247147, -0.07425579169325323, 0.205060257254647, -0.23156399329956104, 0.06147453975831417, 0.268678552904425, 0.10035539175441954, 0.16010126817491255, -0.14006643203356361, -0.013159814678955526, 0.06094922712913507, 0.2304564136494365, 0.20962538382607615, -0.0023249802050284213, 0.2600961556923317, 0.24309167255867375, 0.0642849895294704, 0.16488272230667966, -0.18894823602911653, 0.049651689507300034, -0.2268072250751882, -0.12397575736395083, -0.1831633753156186, 0.025262017198454285, -0.07430857662287356, -0.14361113444384602, 0.3518869907428679, 0.11176276887999848, 0.16433116258122027, -0.09160191669879067, 0.35226402638687027, 0.06194551745041584, 0.07804194335929221, -0.018932553318639595, 0.27680880326079205, 0.11983380741084046, 0.08652609455101709, -0.2699875928018527, 0.03990393364155251, -0.01540366906071237] |
711.2952 | Eclipsing Binaries with Possible Light-Time Effect | The period changes of six eclipsing binaries have been studied with focus on
the light-time effect. With the least squares method we also calculated
parameters of such an effect and properties of the unresolved body in these
systems. With these results we discussed the probability of presence of such
bodies in the systems with respect to possible confirmation by another method.
In two systems we also suggested the hypothesis of fourth body or magnetic
activity for explanation of the "second-order variability" after subtraction of
the light-time effect of the third body.
| astro-ph | the period changes of six eclipsing binaries have been studied with focus on the lighttime effect with the least squares method we also calculated parameters of such an effect and properties of the unresolved body in these systems with these results we discussed the probability of presence of such bodies in the systems with respect to possible confirmation by another method in two systems we also suggested the hypothesis of fourth body or magnetic activity for explanation of the secondorder variability after subtraction of the lighttime effect of the third body | [['the', 'period', 'changes', 'of', 'six', 'eclipsing', 'binaries', 'have', 'been', 'studied', 'with', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'lighttime', 'effect', 'with', 'the', 'least', 'squares', 'method', 'we', 'also', 'calculated', 'parameters', 'of', 'such', 'an', 'effect', 'and', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'unresolved', 'body', 'in', 'these', 'systems', 'with', 'these', 'results', 'we', 'discussed', 'the', 'probability', 'of', 'presence', 'of', 'such', 'bodies', 'in', 'the', 'systems', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'possible', 'confirmation', 'by', 'another', 'method', 'in', 'two', 'systems', 'we', 'also', 'suggested', 'the', 'hypothesis', 'of', 'fourth', 'body', 'or', 'magnetic', 'activity', 'for', 'explanation', 'of', 'the', 'secondorder', 'variability', 'after', 'subtraction', 'of', 'the', 'lighttime', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'third', 'body']] | [-0.15447452628555206, 0.08063812359574553, -0.06789826583321933, 0.04376986485670556, -0.026384089152318435, -0.07719691562374215, 0.029973906160403904, 0.3611050404321689, -0.217868680113947, -0.33084084375845885, 0.11764900903294252, -0.3072086328763392, -0.17863924551888236, 0.21377820107359236, -0.06689720266693078, 0.07190959049634389, 0.046131951396691274, 0.051106782466336924, -0.05209023501419534, -0.2743530308438854, 0.35420224105345677, 0.017521690638674484, 0.14255988546698303, 0.022139578433400326, 0.08838633872609544, 0.002811505477159069, -0.0551646132508912, 0.05459965270647144, -0.07628972779263507, 0.09249285847957023, 0.15540910049617945, 0.09255277278710279, 0.24176015332341194, -0.3847994150204973, -0.22322237656380123, 0.0761639324047572, 0.10333194349544471, 0.09769057574589829, -0.055751131766905576, -0.26339502773851486, 0.06387046315185316, -0.20317552814894652, -0.19220377852024695, -0.012336854485201311, 0.07145614666188811, 0.03706406975922349, -0.211238464280441, 0.09612709835906011, 0.1029324103197963, 0.1164252508519944, -0.1335441547184978, -0.16206237016716502, 0.005489644584256214, 0.11237129711566472, 0.15573389323653428, -0.008948787739807432, 0.07340320405437724, -0.08982491836074617, -0.1595745419796843, 0.39703861488909514, -0.07690159523102282, -0.1668883980876142, 0.20272444244883545, -0.19514024825152623, -0.17283653816883707, 0.11648179157278858, 0.19133971946232103, 0.13325337793135628, -0.17069636204453942, -0.030784531128669548, 0.014260027301753615, 0.18407166619007323, 0.03546627124791944, 0.06116057458528123, 0.2702053395499076, 0.16436398639804223, 0.006890263802443559, 0.14851845803691055, -0.1737128199247009, -0.06671204336133407, -0.255868119054607, -0.11247897538059688, -0.13970174126654536, -0.01648029243921513, -0.05955430465110112, -0.16259700546068637, 0.38056986328664716, 0.13871103441240368, 0.18846433040696187, -0.026455839315511206, 0.29757524797549617, 0.12067660444753837, 0.08726518865176451, 0.032376650789916354, 0.3233982340975122, 0.14437795219850819, 0.04940643310444532, -0.2681833682888812, 0.10745736492470234, 0.0374498570025745] |
711.2953 | Possible complex annihilation and B -> K pi direct CP asymmetry | We point out that a sizable strong phase could be generated from the penguin
annihilation in the soft-collinear effective theory for B meson decays. Keeping
a small scale suppressed by O(Lambda/m_b), Lambda being a hadronic scale and
m_b the b quark mass, in the denominators of internal particle propagators
without expansion, the resultant strong phase can accommodate the data of the
B^0 -> K^-+ pi^+- direct CP asymmetry. Our study reconciles the opposite
conclusions on the real or complex penguin annihilation amplitude drawn in the
soft-collinear effective theory and in the perturbative QCD approach based on
k_T factorization theorem.
| hep-ph | we point out that a sizable strong phase could be generated from the penguin annihilation in the softcollinear effective theory for b meson decays keeping a small scale suppressed by olambdam_b lambda being a hadronic scale and m_b the b quark mass in the denominators of internal particle propagators without expansion the resultant strong phase can accommodate the data of the b0 k pi direct cp asymmetry our study reconciles the opposite conclusions on the real or complex penguin annihilation amplitude drawn in the softcollinear effective theory and in the perturbative qcd approach based on k_t factorization theorem | [['we', 'point', 'out', 'that', 'a', 'sizable', 'strong', 'phase', 'could', 'be', 'generated', 'from', 'the', 'penguin', 'annihilation', 'in', 'the', 'softcollinear', 'effective', 'theory', 'for', 'b', 'meson', 'decays', 'keeping', 'a', 'small', 'scale', 'suppressed', 'by', 'olambdam_b', 'lambda', 'being', 'a', 'hadronic', 'scale', 'and', 'm_b', 'the', 'b', 'quark', 'mass', 'in', 'the', 'denominators', 'of', 'internal', 'particle', 'propagators', 'without', 'expansion', 'the', 'resultant', 'strong', 'phase', 'can', 'accommodate', 'the', 'data', 'of', 'the', 'b0', 'k', 'pi', 'direct', 'cp', 'asymmetry', 'our', 'study', 'reconciles', 'the', 'opposite', 'conclusions', 'on', 'the', 'real', 'or', 'complex', 'penguin', 'annihilation', 'amplitude', 'drawn', 'in', 'the', 'softcollinear', 'effective', 'theory', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'perturbative', 'qcd', 'approach', 'based', 'on', 'k_t', 'factorization', 'theorem']] | [-0.11757460824626777, 0.25693399006904094, -0.13893926161888642, 0.13045947371799613, -0.09512712311998163, -0.06698170531848349, 0.10457427259030531, 0.29810165782871934, -0.23412432683362944, -0.2227010063097342, -0.012916081724208347, -0.2828203341731629, -0.024422319315508315, 0.09225214710915174, 0.06405975424790199, 0.036581721003215335, 0.05880606192591379, 0.026625464646356928, -0.0651133326284309, -0.1610126592166069, 0.3117602520055838, -0.03575119992343651, 0.20821110396789982, 0.1403692026968239, -0.024571136498257286, 0.029914887167138922, -0.10301277373218909, -0.01062606202592094, -0.09211806198811584, 0.037152401580278445, 0.19554107022392517, 0.05507254308886519, 0.12849051162802144, -0.3726696573082626, -0.10359496872670487, 0.13109814276745946, 0.17247389159501367, 0.08341851745991363, -0.034278182694496416, -0.3390257278092436, 0.12422601814794633, -0.19616513016643292, -0.11225514690458928, -0.12513632141053677, 0.0023892871279328864, -0.11442119333552216, -0.3552559532954828, 0.09436683371343851, -0.021490824600854486, 0.01187647483071562, 0.043440621687080135, -0.1936185066276182, -0.03386413646602677, 0.03196208371262344, 0.10956241678657759, 0.1198363084437268, 0.17543225040774524, -0.20622773394564686, -0.13192098828743107, 0.41221400388737317, -0.09434011584800697, -0.14832318510101705, 0.1213990755417605, -0.18699665586752146, -0.13748911047623175, 0.18342835733369378, 0.18255405616226425, 0.08596941223848112, -0.13348508635823875, 0.2168683625323237, -0.016489495260439354, 0.15743473825823834, 0.0999811518668514, 0.03437988676092366, 0.21880611259557461, 0.1215190526539671, -0.021987833581941642, 0.031585466864365204, -0.05674301418619826, -0.12053371641362451, -0.399447602632734, -0.0564611074802725, -0.1436479448043194, 0.07975955920044295, -0.17732867309835634, -0.13096458838350072, 0.33776651888356074, 0.10015330949471783, 0.2602416464156404, 0.006386525372100859, 0.344796897440227, 0.13747144186720445, 0.10392164674793974, 0.04229982730154831, 0.2943757254841555, 0.19035053156441098, 0.14426908394821064, -0.31284091084686677, -0.001079614619849269, 0.0888622424939705] |
711.2954 | Long wavelength limit of evolution of cosmological perturbations in the
universe where scalar fields and fluids coexist | We present the LWL formula which represents the long wavelengh limit of the
solutions of evolution equations of cosmological perturbations in terms of the
exactly homogeneous solutions in the most general case where multiple scalar
fields and multiple perfect fluids coexist. We find the conserved quantity
which has origin in the adiabatic decaying mode, and by regarding this quantity
as the source term we determine the correction term which corrects the
discrepancy between the exactly homogeneous perturbations and the $k \to 0$
limit of the evolutions of cosmological perturbations. This LWL formula is
useful for investigating the evolutions of cosmological perturbations in the
early stage of our universe such as reheating after inflation and the curvaton
decay in the curvaton scenario. When we extract the long wavelength limits of
evolutions of cosmological perturbations from the exactly homogeneos
perturbations by the LWL formula, it is more convenient to describe the
corresponding exactly homogeneous system with not the cosmological time but the
scale factor as the evolution parameter. By applying the LWL formula to the
reheating model and the curvaton model with multiple scalar fields and multiple
radiation fluids, we obtain the S formula representing the final amplitude of
the Bardeen parameter in terms of the initial adiabatic and isocurvature
perturbations
Keywords:cosmological perturbations,long wavelength limit,reheating,curvaton
PACS number(s):98.80.Cq
| astro-ph | we present the lwl formula which represents the long wavelengh limit of the solutions of evolution equations of cosmological perturbations in terms of the exactly homogeneous solutions in the most general case where multiple scalar fields and multiple perfect fluids coexist we find the conserved quantity which has origin in the adiabatic decaying mode and by regarding this quantity as the source term we determine the correction term which corrects the discrepancy between the exactly homogeneous perturbations and the k to 0 limit of the evolutions of cosmological perturbations this lwl formula is useful for investigating the evolutions of cosmological perturbations in the early stage of our universe such as reheating after inflation and the curvaton decay in the curvaton scenario when we extract the long wavelength limits of evolutions of cosmological perturbations from the exactly homogeneos perturbations by the lwl formula it is more convenient to describe the corresponding exactly homogeneous system with not the cosmological time but the scale factor as the evolution parameter by applying the lwl formula to the reheating model and the curvaton model with multiple scalar fields and multiple radiation fluids we obtain the s formula representing the final amplitude of the bardeen parameter in terms of the initial adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations keywordscosmological perturbationslong wavelength limitreheatingcurvaton pacs numbers9880cq | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'lwl', 'formula', 'which', 'represents', 'the', 'long', 'wavelengh', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'solutions', 'of', 'evolution', 'equations', 'of', 'cosmological', 'perturbations', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'exactly', 'homogeneous', 'solutions', 'in', 'the', 'most', 'general', 'case', 'where', 'multiple', 'scalar', 'fields', 'and', 'multiple', 'perfect', 'fluids', 'coexist', 'we', 'find', 'the', 'conserved', 'quantity', 'which', 'has', 'origin', 'in', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'decaying', 'mode', 'and', 'by', 'regarding', 'this', 'quantity', 'as', 'the', 'source', 'term', 'we', 'determine', 'the', 'correction', 'term', 'which', 'corrects', 'the', 'discrepancy', 'between', 'the', 'exactly', 'homogeneous', 'perturbations', 'and', 'the', 'k', 'to', '0', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'evolutions', 'of', 'cosmological', 'perturbations', 'this', 'lwl', 'formula', 'is', 'useful', 'for', 'investigating', 'the', 'evolutions', 'of', 'cosmological', 'perturbations', 'in', 'the', 'early', 'stage', 'of', 'our', 'universe', 'such', 'as', 'reheating', 'after', 'inflation', 'and', 'the', 'curvaton', 'decay', 'in', 'the', 'curvaton', 'scenario', 'when', 'we', 'extract', 'the', 'long', 'wavelength', 'limits', 'of', 'evolutions', 'of', 'cosmological', 'perturbations', 'from', 'the', 'exactly', 'homogeneos', 'perturbations', 'by', 'the', 'lwl', 'formula', 'it', 'is', 'more', 'convenient', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'corresponding', 'exactly', 'homogeneous', 'system', 'with', 'not', 'the', 'cosmological', 'time', 'but', 'the', 'scale', 'factor', 'as', 'the', 'evolution', 'parameter', 'by', 'applying', 'the', 'lwl', 'formula', 'to', 'the', 'reheating', 'model', 'and', 'the', 'curvaton', 'model', 'with', 'multiple', 'scalar', 'fields', 'and', 'multiple', 'radiation', 'fluids', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 's', 'formula', 'representing', 'the', 'final', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'bardeen', 'parameter', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'initial', 'adiabatic', 'and', 'isocurvature', 'perturbations', 'keywordscosmological', 'perturbationslong', 'wavelength', 'limitreheatingcurvaton', 'pacs', 'numbers9880cq']] | [-0.1656038241141195, 0.15581718274073578, -0.1075512090715709, 0.09844466206577548, -0.0428773386038519, -0.11670451261811671, -0.033354954342870266, 0.25386809232827434, -0.2524932380838088, -0.2961385136283043, 0.09591870019702535, -0.229082890255956, -0.09393808671995177, 0.16254892741312144, 0.035323476434449115, 0.04134795614145028, 0.01838852835565128, 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-0.16164019819500558, -0.1037196400040609, 0.07311330357250094, 0.11466066510768598, 0.14194838628763307, -0.13638441688772435, 0.14517316426753188, 0.044542773631200835, 0.1444463226935853, 0.11721715890762338, 0.044009283267721334, 0.25293739579404084, 0.0973155331301044, 0.01980694439975126, 0.13956519549614504, -0.042048165077815926, -0.10915825261097205, -0.36823034392665344, -0.10914376061677077, -0.169807235629417, 0.06676168831486676, -0.17824728847945023, -0.20472189473014984, 0.4178181547653732, 0.14289441374999484, 0.2006055354096138, 0.06212851152650602, 0.29400983473740555, 0.13536690460834386, 0.026707288421440923, 0.08853378616781397, 0.2678877580509873, 0.14144879057290452, 0.13185148685390763, -0.24206898976830346, 0.026929863144835215, 0.04565408210042846] |
711.2955 | The BVRI Light Curves And Period Analysis Of The Beta Lyrae System XX
Leonis | The contact eclipsing binary system XX Leonis (P = 0.97 days, sp A8) has been
analysed using the PHOEBE programme, based on the Wilson Devinney code. The
BVRI light curves were obtained during spring 2006 using the 20-cm telescope
and ST-7 CCD detector. The effective temperature of the primary component
determined from the photometric analysis is T=(7889+/-61)K, the inclination of
the orbit is i=(89.98+/-2.45)deg and the photometric mass ratio
q=(0.41+/-0.01). Also the third body hypothesis was suggested, based on the
period analysis using 57 minimum times and resulting the period of the third
body p3= (52.96+/-0.01)yr, amplitude A=(0.057+/-0.029)d and eccentricity
e=(0.79+/-0.08) which gives the minimum mass m3,min=(3.6+/-0.8)M_sun.
| astro-ph | the contact eclipsing binary system xx leonis p 097 days sp a8 has been analysed using the phoebe programme based on the wilson devinney code the bvri light curves were obtained during spring 2006 using the 20cm telescope and st7 ccd detector the effective temperature of the primary component determined from the photometric analysis is t788961k the inclination of the orbit is i8998245deg and the photometric mass ratio q041001 also the third body hypothesis was suggested based on the period analysis using 57 minimum times and resulting the period of the third body p3 5296001yr amplitude a00570029d and eccentricity e079008 which gives the minimum mass m3min3608m_sun | [['the', 'contact', 'eclipsing', 'binary', 'system', 'xx', 'leonis', 'p', '097', 'days', 'sp', 'a8', 'has', 'been', 'analysed', 'using', 'the', 'phoebe', 'programme', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'wilson', 'devinney', 'code', 'the', 'bvri', 'light', 'curves', 'were', 'obtained', 'during', 'spring', '2006', 'using', 'the', '20cm', 'telescope', 'and', 'st7', 'ccd', 'detector', 'the', 'effective', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'primary', 'component', 'determined', 'from', 'the', 'photometric', 'analysis', 'is', 't788961k', 'the', 'inclination', 'of', 'the', 'orbit', 'is', 'i8998245deg', 'and', 'the', 'photometric', 'mass', 'ratio', 'q041001', 'also', 'the', 'third', 'body', 'hypothesis', 'was', 'suggested', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'period', 'analysis', 'using', '57', 'minimum', 'times', 'and', 'resulting', 'the', 'period', 'of', 'the', 'third', 'body', 'p3', '5296001yr', 'amplitude', 'a00570029d', 'and', 'eccentricity', 'e079008', 'which', 'gives', 'the', 'minimum', 'mass', 'm3min3608m_sun']] | [-0.15251868731836427, 0.09379426508486195, -0.1398851015814105, 0.009519859429743444, -0.05568880133558901, -0.13992278726429355, 0.05845603830542187, 0.33773580601685965, -0.1617627395376354, -0.34742116619243607, 0.14536872467415748, -0.30666629464023426, -0.08800827080326877, 0.24107510973081678, -0.06769437216488379, 0.06782903057423287, 0.14853238920700185, 0.006105374727797296, -0.06264209536222588, -0.2922087077963717, 0.23507649287146667, 0.10081310140691241, 0.17189244798156528, -0.03188115095586649, 0.08946393109021747, 0.07470247157782849, -0.08003951022603396, -0.06770673780036825, -0.1391409336237655, 0.062050812183974347, 0.13200973709142405, 0.10412563737814448, 0.12082999780279946, -0.2812250812385915, -0.1450711188419741, 0.03516087598376432, 0.08220461009032264, 0.011621556780538616, 0.040508610341336806, -0.2644424177955703, 0.043059296373810084, -0.19266534009378175, -0.1750716984329023, 0.07504811785088814, 0.13039892974632736, 0.009586291615756191, -0.22954483895695635, 0.06109306314658393, -0.0060798784252256155, 0.1887929104268551, -0.147115792352136, -0.18728045208203814, -0.09513109558076617, 0.08870147704621967, 0.0605165728852533, 0.11320096939060913, 0.10307348717113349, 0.012955434967250544, -0.02451701725510006, 0.3507760521784729, -0.11118400794672495, -0.007132867758331003, 0.13431865208169294, -0.1571858043126686, -0.09476663666416188, 0.15965639832998302, 0.1754111986208175, 0.10028900076844255, -0.1925192920643152, 0.07421042919111419, 0.003410488419348792, 0.2559091898978555, 0.08716924972262005, -0.04542151247911459, 0.2976724224554717, 0.13687437173330738, -0.03720959440843031, 0.09875980813213035, -0.2939670125203093, -0.05435468687447814, -0.22860038089946064, -0.06860404070086625, -0.1496484279383107, 0.043538580330240786, -0.10563264538151478, -0.08519687421372807, 0.4231984264464403, 0.05173202731161929, 0.17290937955187138, 0.025297701597565368, 0.2758040366390226, 0.10299427674285003, 0.0847082281457284, 0.10243365158117851, 0.35654225465556494, 0.17022657363761065, 0.1209744507998076, -0.2711719883658106, 0.06068858404985952, 0.09637514188676616] |
711.2956 | Role of Four-Quark Condensates in QCD Sum Rules | The QCD sum rule approach to the in-medium behavior of hadrons is discussed
for omega meson, nucleon and D meson. Emphasis is devoted to the impact of
four-quark condensates and to order parameters of spontaneous symmetry
breaking.
| hep-ph nucl-th | the qcd sum rule approach to the inmedium behavior of hadrons is discussed for omega meson nucleon and d meson emphasis is devoted to the impact of fourquark condensates and to order parameters of spontaneous symmetry breaking | [['the', 'qcd', 'sum', 'rule', 'approach', 'to', 'the', 'inmedium', 'behavior', 'of', 'hadrons', 'is', 'discussed', 'for', 'omega', 'meson', 'nucleon', 'and', 'd', 'meson', 'emphasis', 'is', 'devoted', 'to', 'the', 'impact', 'of', 'fourquark', 'condensates', 'and', 'to', 'order', 'parameters', 'of', 'spontaneous', 'symmetry', 'breaking']] | [-0.1294011669988568, 0.25983513924419077, -0.1225747196758921, 0.13175057606595392, -0.15809726551477168, -0.07739806995802634, 0.0873527936133984, 0.3551936546290243, -0.13310742891720823, -0.14110198707596674, -0.048856169740493234, -0.31784609330163616, -0.025325963978429098, -0.021479251394929313, 0.13590528224469037, 0.1826979701180716, -0.011747111591535646, 0.08610143605619669, -0.034841006672060165, -0.2012128773069865, 0.4178996663037184, -0.03931283729301917, 0.20892478817620794, 0.27896776630518, 0.016036928228631214, -0.014458960035463443, -0.03797250719287911, -0.12137363015397175, -0.11823456159264252, 0.06546552242660844, 0.20161321702589458, 0.0433841668308486, 0.10465217814654917, -0.3457395428590275, -0.13318161107599735, 0.1287574639946625, 0.16858187791060758, 0.11284573194948402, 0.04929946065955871, -0.36054660460433446, 0.10026072021070365, -0.23244203851130363, -0.22058144604434837, -0.18534802924841642, 0.0657382008833559, -0.05102455518460153, -0.3667799002818159, 0.08073210336167265, -0.018764081134183985, 0.06985640803956099, -0.026350671645706973, -0.2606914302560727, 0.012946050916169141, -0.0018637083672188423, 0.21752760432207505, 0.12883721081212768, 0.15094904893870792, -0.20541035897425702, -0.12826287912557255, 0.5497150014381151, -0.011682211462332791, -0.19755672504873695, 0.04412906045547208, -0.16023647382452683, -0.11123612653967496, 0.1373331409853858, 0.20989183468643474, 0.07654019477903037, -0.15610392575429097, 0.07717548745898278, 0.004137000572439787, 0.17765132055894747, 0.09065713594994836, 0.16164961046967152, 0.15656434993788199, 0.23098563652082876, -0.06191385001246188, 0.09219813110256517, 0.02912535100571207, -0.1672280017991324, -0.3944806241606538, -0.05118629942660698, -0.13620284787454717, 0.07625019741622177, -0.05323484138431456, -0.05554274731391185, 0.3985388222074992, 0.03373806002373631, 0.2162770210211543, -0.06203248875366675, 0.28870777026876004, 0.09379849094595458, 0.05105084815138095, -0.00114720017724746, 0.269561887070587, 0.26060723100562355, 0.14310041903140577, -0.41894471909649467, -0.04493469134526881, 0.1596597329826673] |
711.2957 | Temporal evolution of mechanical properties of skeletal tissue
regeneration in rabbits. An experimental study | Various mathematical models represent the effects of local mechanical
environment on the regulation of skeletal regeneration. Their relevance relies
on an accurate description of the evolving mechanical properties of the
regenerating tissue. The object of this study was to develop an experimental
model which made it possible to characterize the temporal evolution of the
structural and mechanical properties during unloaded enchondral osteogenesis in
the New Zealand rabbit, a standard animal model for studies of osteogenesis and
chondrogenesis. A 25mm segment of tibial diaphysis was removed sub-periosteally
from rabbits. The defect was repaired by the preserved periosteum. An external
fixator was applied to prevent mechanical loading during osteogenesis. The
regenerated skeletal tissues were studied by CT scan, histology and mechanical
tests. The traction tests between 7 to 21 days post-surgery were done on
formaldehyde-fixated tissue allowing to obtain force/displacement curves. The
viscoelastic properties of the regenerating skeletal tissues were visualized
throughout the repair process.
| physics.med-ph | various mathematical models represent the effects of local mechanical environment on the regulation of skeletal regeneration their relevance relies on an accurate description of the evolving mechanical properties of the regenerating tissue the object of this study was to develop an experimental model which made it possible to characterize the temporal evolution of the structural and mechanical properties during unloaded enchondral osteogenesis in the new zealand rabbit a standard animal model for studies of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis a 25mm segment of tibial diaphysis was removed subperiosteally from rabbits the defect was repaired by the preserved periosteum an external fixator was applied to prevent mechanical loading during osteogenesis the regenerated skeletal tissues were studied by ct scan histology and mechanical tests the traction tests between 7 to 21 days postsurgery were done on formaldehydefixated tissue allowing to obtain forcedisplacement curves the viscoelastic properties of the regenerating skeletal tissues were visualized throughout the repair process | [['various', 'mathematical', 'models', 'represent', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'local', 'mechanical', 'environment', 'on', 'the', 'regulation', 'of', 'skeletal', 'regeneration', 'their', 'relevance', 'relies', 'on', 'an', 'accurate', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'evolving', 'mechanical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'regenerating', 'tissue', 'the', 'object', 'of', 'this', 'study', 'was', 'to', 'develop', 'an', 'experimental', 'model', 'which', 'made', 'it', 'possible', 'to', 'characterize', 'the', 'temporal', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'structural', 'and', 'mechanical', 'properties', 'during', 'unloaded', 'enchondral', 'osteogenesis', 'in', 'the', 'new', 'zealand', 'rabbit', 'a', 'standard', 'animal', 'model', 'for', 'studies', 'of', 'osteogenesis', 'and', 'chondrogenesis', 'a', '25mm', 'segment', 'of', 'tibial', 'diaphysis', 'was', 'removed', 'subperiosteally', 'from', 'rabbits', 'the', 'defect', 'was', 'repaired', 'by', 'the', 'preserved', 'periosteum', 'an', 'external', 'fixator', 'was', 'applied', 'to', 'prevent', 'mechanical', 'loading', 'during', 'osteogenesis', 'the', 'regenerated', 'skeletal', 'tissues', 'were', 'studied', 'by', 'ct', 'scan', 'histology', 'and', 'mechanical', 'tests', 'the', 'traction', 'tests', 'between', '7', 'to', '21', 'days', 'postsurgery', 'were', 'done', 'on', 'formaldehydefixated', 'tissue', 'allowing', 'to', 'obtain', 'forcedisplacement', 'curves', 'the', 'viscoelastic', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'regenerating', 'skeletal', 'tissues', 'were', 'visualized', 'throughout', 'the', 'repair', 'process']] | [-0.05785220200259698, 0.10287170724459678, -0.08150480208561232, 0.01380994515810714, -0.03256031978007865, -0.11379733338492783, 0.03866805834675763, 0.3852486156424737, -0.2571802069464928, -0.2940330305200529, 0.11844923321639303, -0.24674603503120884, -0.14846003629675467, 0.18272645937355414, -0.11886289057462182, 0.09213838117414039, 0.056174282467571626, 0.011482243904563254, 0.019000522109396015, -0.22062723697099376, 0.2025781781938922, 0.1105590380715487, 0.31374914805749304, 0.014250269453105044, 0.10417519069487255, 0.014748581360598183, -0.0498968915350429, -0.008124244845893285, -0.1718388470782809, 0.1315956628715543, 0.21800845804774663, 0.14017588132673442, 0.2384083513808373, -0.4974074826307901, -0.25716245373270846, 0.06615550965963773, 0.06689199911309279, 0.10622423454682177, 0.005927975658703698, -0.27276463503949344, 0.0965214473361226, -0.11925363547342298, -0.10260869816108288, -0.06276882484504213, 0.014131284420927093, 0.016382155443975473, -0.20788983608538616, 0.07932574848950624, 0.018955897080571684, 0.14786518189245962, -0.15525383037859447, -0.05261872365611465, -0.07509255433241416, 0.19043203009522125, 0.02023848607376288, -0.0007581222046498362, 0.23758092683051035, -0.13549092893364317, -0.08816901835204702, 0.37092338270852215, 0.05059228248316922, -0.13360438059396684, 0.20581975366205793, -0.08542014043523025, -0.08829617795649253, 0.17837878301969334, 0.17428966659774656, 0.0719831104403081, -0.23171816481602672, -0.012502080207126062, 0.02745448939872217, 0.1791402106779334, 0.12235649076150093, -0.056195621882654624, 0.15455968016184457, 0.1988546926199701, -0.0869791361101431, 0.20137309202085543, -0.09905922516051374, -0.02080357516836694, -0.24032016914044443, -0.1419712708766009, -0.11681221076925222, 0.028453173267348888, -0.0701731076933107, -0.1702256638449872, 0.42387886179215595, 0.09359497940869466, 0.1695021088171291, 0.015500683988897411, 0.23933765239142876, -0.021893040391884437, 0.10372572088748064, -0.02251622472548449, 0.2722960069316299, 0.10970985150277257, 0.11083371199074214, -0.25882662067744777, 0.12210380578451879, 0.052763900604762444] |
711.2958 | X-ray supernova remnants in nearby galaxies | We present the initial results from a study of the SNR population in a sample
of six nearby galaxies (NGC 2403, NGC 4214, NGC 4449, NGC 5204, NGC 3077, NGC
4395) based on Chandra archival data. We discuss the analysis of the Chandra
data and we present candidate SNR sources selected on the basis of their X-ray
colours. We also present deep [S II] 6716 & 6731 A and Halpha line images for
most of the galaxies in our sample, which provide optically selected samples of
SNRs. Comparison of the X-ray results with the complementary optical
observations provides a more complete picture of the SNR population and allows
us to address their X-ray emission. Our preliminary analysis of the [S
II]/Halpha images show that 48 X-ray sources are typically associated with
Halpha sources, 7 of which are SNR candidates based on their [S II]/Halpha
ratio and one is an already known radio SNR.
| astro-ph | we present the initial results from a study of the snr population in a sample of six nearby galaxies ngc 2403 ngc 4214 ngc 4449 ngc 5204 ngc 3077 ngc 4395 based on chandra archival data we discuss the analysis of the chandra data and we present candidate snr sources selected on the basis of their xray colours we also present deep s ii 6716 6731 a and halpha line images for most of the galaxies in our sample which provide optically selected samples of snrs comparison of the xray results with the complementary optical observations provides a more complete picture of the snr population and allows us to address their xray emission our preliminary analysis of the s iihalpha images show that 48 xray sources are typically associated with halpha sources 7 of which are snr candidates based on their s iihalpha ratio and one is an already known radio snr | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'initial', 'results', 'from', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'snr', 'population', 'in', 'a', 'sample', 'of', 'six', 'nearby', 'galaxies', 'ngc', '2403', 'ngc', '4214', 'ngc', '4449', 'ngc', '5204', 'ngc', '3077', 'ngc', '4395', 'based', 'on', 'chandra', 'archival', 'data', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'chandra', 'data', 'and', 'we', 'present', 'candidate', 'snr', 'sources', 'selected', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'their', 'xray', 'colours', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'deep', 's', 'ii', '6716', '6731', 'a', 'and', 'halpha', 'line', 'images', 'for', 'most', 'of', 'the', 'galaxies', 'in', 'our', 'sample', 'which', 'provide', 'optically', 'selected', 'samples', 'of', 'snrs', 'comparison', 'of', 'the', 'xray', 'results', 'with', 'the', 'complementary', 'optical', 'observations', 'provides', 'a', 'more', 'complete', 'picture', 'of', 'the', 'snr', 'population', 'and', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'address', 'their', 'xray', 'emission', 'our', 'preliminary', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 's', 'iihalpha', 'images', 'show', 'that', '48', 'xray', 'sources', 'are', 'typically', 'associated', 'with', 'halpha', 'sources', '7', 'of', 'which', 'are', 'snr', 'candidates', 'based', 'on', 'their', 's', 'iihalpha', 'ratio', 'and', 'one', 'is', 'an', 'already', 'known', 'radio', 'snr']] | [-0.058951193487461605, -0.05211941264544868, -0.08204748110361643, 0.07830284686382297, -0.10129295823801505, -0.09185910629304617, 0.0924508563736086, 0.5250318090578443, -0.0781338084098503, -0.32592922321667794, 0.06661532494380433, -0.3339356488601257, -0.02209894111882405, 0.22742209929703294, -0.01707929471434143, -0.08785913519693024, 0.09085039313772302, -0.1267044160369168, -0.008541024660716127, -0.3011158631722394, 0.2763066799165436, 0.07905829384004678, 0.18946118063085074, -0.08134622041574116, 0.06072247630493764, -0.09373202796460216, -0.10590938645059635, -0.05837955486372506, -0.12985539427939474, 0.07902518970781545, 0.25886658724936606, 0.20023954064656305, 0.1979164394671036, -0.3250647901037921, -0.1733881740617921, 0.03897920858167039, 0.22769499004291566, -0.014266799309744352, -0.04901432179308598, -0.3320833056472781, 0.061514901647521915, -0.15853193541376018, -0.16961849757200598, 0.10349309471386828, 0.02870844613828108, 0.05688160280605141, -0.20859769885244436, 0.14084287436306017, -0.04165248605376722, 0.12322597721236218, -0.1797051640571322, -0.14354677595455492, 0.009626351655338351, 0.05782263284843219, -0.027092893425632564, 0.06505179077105008, 0.12611837771500609, -0.12811794961606593, -0.044948971376901396, 0.3658352128511883, -0.0022657066399819755, 0.0802521412996085, 0.25735453227351074, -0.18226750378993242, -0.2343265844790853, 0.1428829711236942, 0.11971931945835852, 0.1391712338234739, -0.18047661141884563, 0.01032464895213611, -0.11925212860009388, 0.26610879789988856, -0.00489068476140107, 0.12309290374641453, 0.20775070519333608, 0.08105137038939192, -0.005176280444414404, 0.17202496745372436, -0.3646658172261883, 0.05597558132936492, -0.2432311479290212, -0.07721979968176272, -0.11801184457037475, 0.12874124169320567, -0.18535110086936343, -0.11437854632669386, 0.33600985932188404, 0.08978829167570343, 0.22746950027067214, 0.028526283373235185, 0.31127625390102986, 0.03302072884521055, 0.05655603329681693, 0.13690367271498727, 0.2843961817408471, 0.177380953002476, 0.06489787706308753, -0.23453471473399795, 0.035793457045464924, -0.01817433044044791] |
711.2959 | On conjugacy of unipotent elements in finite groups of Lie type | Let $\bfG$ be a connected reductive algebraic group defined over $\F_q$,
where $q$ is a power of a prime $p$ that is good for $\bfG$. Let $F$ be the
Frobenius morphism associated with the $\FF_q$-structure on $\bfG$ and set $G =
\bfG^F$, the fixed point subgroup of $F$. Let $\bfP$ be an $F$-stable parabolic
subgroup of $\bfG$ and let $\bfU$ be the unipotent radical of $\bfP$; set $P =
\bfP^F$ and $U = \bfU^F$. Let $G_\uni$ be the set of unipotent elements in $G$.
In this note we show that the number of conjugacy classes of $U$ in $G_\uni$ is
given by a polynomial in $q$ with integer coefficients.
| math.GR math.RT | let bfg be a connected reductive algebraic group defined over f_q where q is a power of a prime p that is good for bfg let f be the frobenius morphism associated with the ff_qstructure on bfg and set g bfgf the fixed point subgroup of f let bfp be an fstable parabolic subgroup of bfg and let bfu be the unipotent radical of bfp set p bfpf and u bfuf let g_uni be the set of unipotent elements in g in this note we show that the number of conjugacy classes of u in g_uni is given by a polynomial in q with integer coefficients | [['let', 'bfg', 'be', 'a', 'connected', 'reductive', 'algebraic', 'group', 'defined', 'over', 'f_q', 'where', 'q', 'is', 'a', 'power', 'of', 'a', 'prime', 'p', 'that', 'is', 'good', 'for', 'bfg', 'let', 'f', 'be', 'the', 'frobenius', 'morphism', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'ff_qstructure', 'on', 'bfg', 'and', 'set', 'g', 'bfgf', 'the', 'fixed', 'point', 'subgroup', 'of', 'f', 'let', 'bfp', 'be', 'an', 'fstable', 'parabolic', 'subgroup', 'of', 'bfg', 'and', 'let', 'bfu', 'be', 'the', 'unipotent', 'radical', 'of', 'bfp', 'set', 'p', 'bfpf', 'and', 'u', 'bfuf', 'let', 'g_uni', 'be', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'unipotent', 'elements', 'in', 'g', 'in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'conjugacy', 'classes', 'of', 'u', 'in', 'g_uni', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'a', 'polynomial', 'in', 'q', 'with', 'integer', 'coefficients']] | [-0.25046629211226223, 0.08971548848000797, -0.08369828567967988, -0.10238626122009009, -0.08688842556119769, -0.16795256151361207, -0.0008252788079427738, 0.29847675501642856, -0.395011358912669, -0.18487008261567384, 0.023888042867731524, -0.2728877937165545, -0.04526520461099697, 0.22786845444865964, -0.13058012807924374, -0.08263898126360979, 0.03848306284121731, 0.17911174557829165, -0.0453347262752918, -0.2754083517208403, 0.37727790232747793, -0.12240169925943893, 0.13270220982696057, 0.017253394914316197, 0.05463037974949853, 0.00028062524849220235, 0.03611940706112221, 0.013916671159677207, -0.11377379181866155, 0.0804301276346486, 0.37162170173855974, 0.0647037560571049, 0.2846223104051223, -0.331420326185431, -0.10714114751374605, 0.3361364860982433, 0.15503306348132445, -0.13666664261151762, 0.003061339773885979, -0.26663193457266865, 0.2170539355069837, -0.18914342207797602, -0.1388810771316582, -0.030288991098310434, 0.18103393983534155, 0.04028625471298309, -0.37185678180928033, -0.0510813974702329, 0.03500772946212879, 0.17247685268703922, 0.012781937545001069, -0.16661046110618605, -0.07470561988542185, 0.019915130623963242, -0.07424112260295991, 0.18685492934366943, 0.0315583684029715, -0.04640864238243404, -0.07188812798509996, 0.4351107996897589, -0.11008784421445693, -0.2242068221756056, 0.0334386484487457, -0.22312038212411983, -0.09973283527492016, 0.0963289116454475, 0.12866438755436854, 0.13030829938932084, 0.01318183481948925, 0.27865967427337013, -0.20033672080356993, 0.07681574686755673, 0.05839417472153025, -0.08547987316862918, 0.11949154557021079, 0.05135345771707887, 0.06916525577852393, 0.08181815697496538, 0.0760758505402562, 0.15088364189489534, -0.40107134830973606, -0.13389122521267363, -0.15093148118524136, 0.21183781938937804, -0.1361473663797084, -0.13488479929190933, 0.40411805485685665, 0.03274459025238221, 0.17361700332120938, 0.11417255419142106, 0.1308130223450123, 0.11350792775763194, 0.034504549513917925, 0.11759408152811732, -0.004824249676483519, 0.24961339103687993, -0.1783304645431082, -0.2098724515515142, 0.011989202418857637, 0.2153714666206974] |
711.296 | Optics of spin-1 particles from gravity-induced phases | The Maxwell and Maxwell-de Rham equations can be solved exactly to first
order in an external gravitational field. The gravitational background induces
phases in the wave functions of spin-1 particles. These phases yield the optics
of the particles without requiring any thin lens approximation.
| gr-qc | the maxwell and maxwellde rham equations can be solved exactly to first order in an external gravitational field the gravitational background induces phases in the wave functions of spin1 particles these phases yield the optics of the particles without requiring any thin lens approximation | [['the', 'maxwell', 'and', 'maxwellde', 'rham', 'equations', 'can', 'be', 'solved', 'exactly', 'to', 'first', 'order', 'in', 'an', 'external', 'gravitational', 'field', 'the', 'gravitational', 'background', 'induces', 'phases', 'in', 'the', 'wave', 'functions', 'of', 'spin1', 'particles', 'these', 'phases', 'yield', 'the', 'optics', 'of', 'the', 'particles', 'without', 'requiring', 'any', 'thin', 'lens', 'approximation']] | [-0.21736219466858825, 0.2034660064819036, -0.10191515373975732, 0.033584424381166, -0.09483582836164292, -0.0676745273129538, -0.09104019782484271, 0.3182030065461647, -0.25531840649281823, -0.33724442068054233, 0.02166591374051952, -0.24661734143575265, -0.1230940091055493, 0.14228001008416677, 0.05257631062941496, 0.059430959093016246, -0.025897411802826925, -0.0032320775438186736, -0.1062912791317632, -0.2424318540548949, 0.337452691546533, 0.010411719033537908, 0.1727382259789941, -0.024921611146351625, 0.1350924945761298, 0.03912745354437204, 0.03843033114491507, 0.02351160546721414, -0.09688161755370539, -0.017503460306067798, 0.23048002316161645, 0.027330760497513207, 0.1252603952794574, -0.5224885911095974, -0.2229431202895073, 0.15090479017343633, 0.1401854325952225, 0.18304573088277912, -0.051752340936556805, -0.35990560908130437, -0.0017156465260615183, -0.12580699492570793, -0.21028237161768037, -0.04883116403009829, -0.059347666948925445, 0.040440836260744996, -0.2640031154638395, 0.05010899037209361, 0.06439434483560712, -0.02006813648784923, -0.13025015757180924, -0.05489690744231433, -0.029295783078427926, 0.07551365285072216, 0.039044435108946854, 0.0824860806067929, 0.14594684978730457, -0.20971411141718543, -0.11684821792986504, 0.43680651098229856, -0.1090734329935553, -0.26935226734467715, 0.1659615632839674, -0.173010269602961, -0.06493786670440851, 0.22098540259135324, 0.13663772935437601, 0.13376787140272384, -0.15663216975625865, 0.15293748217477832, 0.06274381401267737, 0.20721970061056835, 0.12848663429707982, 0.013654553266458733, 0.29793780546115584, 0.061172864248239714, 0.035700425787200764, 0.14294152297242002, -0.06002843508843419, -0.06584406960322413, -0.3224087159994037, -0.17949184452638375, -0.17199803109085837, 0.040793207540044146, -0.16143413523698041, -0.1878641128410087, 0.3230088277460011, 0.1179851877535585, 0.05520518572437902, -0.011411001169404317, 0.28510551709075305, 0.1639330187043565, 0.06699552792016157, 0.04880942495236563, 0.3466817401782718, 0.18226970801519793, 0.11035326259179572, -0.19662929924074993, -0.03272100670133219, 0.11487035124107849] |
711.2961 | Recognizing Members of the Tournament Equilibrium Set is NP-hard | A recurring theme in the mathematical social sciences is how to select the
"most desirable" elements given a binary dominance relation on a set of
alternatives. Schwartz's tournament equilibrium set (TEQ) ranks among the most
intriguing, but also among the most enigmatic, tournament solutions that have
been proposed so far in this context. Due to its unwieldy recursive definition,
little is known about TEQ. In particular, its monotonicity remains an open
problem up to date. Yet, if TEQ were to satisfy monotonicity, it would be a
very attractive tournament solution concept refining both the Banks set and
Dutta's minimal covering set. We show that the problem of deciding whether a
given alternative is contained in TEQ is NP-hard.
| cs.CC cs.GT cs.MA | a recurring theme in the mathematical social sciences is how to select the most desirable elements given a binary dominance relation on a set of alternatives schwartzs tournament equilibrium set teq ranks among the most intriguing but also among the most enigmatic tournament solutions that have been proposed so far in this context due to its unwieldy recursive definition little is known about teq in particular its monotonicity remains an open problem up to date yet if teq were to satisfy monotonicity it would be a very attractive tournament solution concept refining both the banks set and duttas minimal covering set we show that the problem of deciding whether a given alternative is contained in teq is nphard | [['a', 'recurring', 'theme', 'in', 'the', 'mathematical', 'social', 'sciences', 'is', 'how', 'to', 'select', 'the', 'most', 'desirable', 'elements', 'given', 'a', 'binary', 'dominance', 'relation', 'on', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'alternatives', 'schwartzs', 'tournament', 'equilibrium', 'set', 'teq', 'ranks', 'among', 'the', 'most', 'intriguing', 'but', 'also', 'among', 'the', 'most', 'enigmatic', 'tournament', 'solutions', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'proposed', 'so', 'far', 'in', 'this', 'context', 'due', 'to', 'its', 'unwieldy', 'recursive', 'definition', 'little', 'is', 'known', 'about', 'teq', 'in', 'particular', 'its', 'monotonicity', 'remains', 'an', 'open', 'problem', 'up', 'to', 'date', 'yet', 'if', 'teq', 'were', 'to', 'satisfy', 'monotonicity', 'it', 'would', 'be', 'a', 'very', 'attractive', 'tournament', 'solution', 'concept', 'refining', 'both', 'the', 'banks', 'set', 'and', 'duttas', 'minimal', 'covering', 'set', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'deciding', 'whether', 'a', 'given', 'alternative', 'is', 'contained', 'in', 'teq', 'is', 'nphard']] | [-0.09186603188311729, 0.03444721743687848, -0.09195498245744368, 0.11468870111474465, -0.1732506128704637, -0.148899940523104, 0.09506822447491507, 0.35803678717352766, -0.2804103844001109, -0.30339225449272966, 0.16039037633225575, -0.3149879637062868, -0.16654592689970493, 0.16895412554582342, -0.12170932511600037, 0.04113935961579092, 0.06536616693035914, 0.08099868926259442, 0.006013098439504193, -0.30214961636095095, 0.2943532749509009, 0.024650464996568158, 0.21127113410566226, 0.06355292420499982, 0.10332511800030868, -0.04401036293612013, 0.005458496323921996, 0.04872334343739427, -0.12728877361671317, 0.07667194457095848, 0.3122895610017272, 0.2215902529294706, 0.33403965666826463, -0.34062128287986815, -0.14610924378324014, 0.19249045735913622, 0.1166374584636054, 0.06659819733980311, -0.03203771187442267, -0.1559743092337655, 0.12640179126348314, -0.15292351596598697, -0.1238726606278115, -0.05674790650801176, 0.1087053312569793, -0.04658362860035183, -0.2227836657458773, -0.006913699613909962, 0.07018876418821578, 0.05400987565676626, -0.037105604657966994, -0.14090461668242008, 0.005518641569611863, 0.10246468607622844, 0.03849750039546798, 0.05607877939175337, 0.04243761184028326, -0.13520899140992418, -0.09817352375158897, 0.42217091720105493, 0.028857701879918065, -0.17167497215330854, 0.23533507586759317, -0.10332445850850552, -0.19612582662723896, 0.08736575542129257, 0.09385021846407117, 0.13408356200322571, -0.21077127563050732, 0.08127364641180836, -0.1569966707044305, 0.1829172710591577, 0.1363389583495565, 0.03878132034586663, 0.21686996032412237, 0.19285832333346653, 0.1264095025586808, 0.1228925102424179, 0.04858047366699474, -0.0809243748195342, -0.2475893714815442, -0.10095245456402628, -0.16597669126473877, 0.048841439434287384, -0.06736215851535826, -0.20978112829228243, 0.36484748620985663, 0.1770746741666753, 0.13168681759992215, 0.0378402140763644, 0.21240879222750664, 0.06135606941315306, 0.043765520139668994, 0.12390736022438759, 0.2245673317517926, 0.13112828878956473, 0.05644039677567462, -0.15944231115629834, 0.15611510890591732, 0.060416438895413] |
711.2962 | Spectral Study of the Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission with Suzaku | We have observed a typical Galactic plane field at (l,b) = (28.46d, -0.20d)
with Suzaku for 100 ksec to carry out a precise spectral study of the Galactic
Ridge X-ray Emission (GRXE). The field is known to be devoid of X-ray point
sources brighter than ~2 x 10^{-13} ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} (2--10 keV), and
already deeply observed with Chandra. Thanks to the low and stable background
and high spectral resolution of Suzaku, we were able to resolve, for the first
time, three narrow iron K-emission lines from low-ionized (6.41 keV),
helium-like (6.67 keV), and hydrogenic ions (7.00 keV) in the GRXE spectrum.
These line features constrain the GRXE emission mechanisms: The cosmic-ray ion
charge exchange model or the non-equilibrium ionization plasma model are
unlikely, since they require either broad emission lines or lines at
intermediate ionization states. Collisional ionization equilibrium plasma is
the likely origin for the 6.67 keV and 7.00 keV lines, while origin of the 6.41
keV line, which is due to fluorescence from cold material, is not elucidated.
Low non-X-ray background and little stray-light contamination of Suzaku allowed
us to precisely measure the absolute X-ray surface brightness in the direction
of the Galactic plane. Excluding the point sources brighter than ~2 x 10^{-13}
ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} (2--10 keV), the total surface brightness on the Galactic
plane is ~6.1 x 10^{-11} ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} deg^{-2} (2--10 keV), including
the contribution of the cosmic X-ray background that is estimated to be ~1.3x
10^{-11} ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} deg^{-2}.
| astro-ph | we have observed a typical galactic plane field at lb 2846d 020d with suzaku for 100 ksec to carry out a precise spectral study of the galactic ridge xray emission grxe the field is known to be devoid of xray point sources brighter than 2 x 1013 ergs s1 cm2 210 kev and already deeply observed with chandra thanks to the low and stable background and high spectral resolution of suzaku we were able to resolve for the first time three narrow iron kemission lines from lowionized 641 kev heliumlike 667 kev and hydrogenic ions 700 kev in the grxe spectrum these line features constrain the grxe emission mechanisms the cosmicray ion charge exchange model or the nonequilibrium ionization plasma model are unlikely since they require either broad emission lines or lines at intermediate ionization states collisional ionization equilibrium plasma is the likely origin for the 667 kev and 700 kev lines while origin of the 641 kev line which is due to fluorescence from cold material is not elucidated low nonxray background and little straylight contamination of suzaku allowed us to precisely measure the absolute xray surface brightness in the direction of the galactic plane excluding the point sources brighter than 2 x 1013 ergs s1 cm2 210 kev the total surface brightness on the galactic plane is 61 x 1011 ergs s1 cm2 deg2 210 kev including the contribution of the cosmic xray background that is estimated to be 13x 1011 ergs s1 cm2 deg2 | [['we', 'have', 'observed', 'a', 'typical', 'galactic', 'plane', 'field', 'at', 'lb', '2846d', '020d', 'with', 'suzaku', 'for', '100', 'ksec', 'to', 'carry', 'out', 'a', 'precise', 'spectral', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'galactic', 'ridge', 'xray', 'emission', 'grxe', 'the', 'field', 'is', 'known', 'to', 'be', 'devoid', 'of', 'xray', 'point', 'sources', 'brighter', 'than', '2', 'x', '1013', 'ergs', 's1', 'cm2', '210', 'kev', 'and', 'already', 'deeply', 'observed', 'with', 'chandra', 'thanks', 'to', 'the', 'low', 'and', 'stable', 'background', 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711.2963 | Renormalization Group Theory for the Imbalanced Fermi Gas | We formulate a wilsonian renormalization group theory for the imbalanced
Fermi gas. The theory is able to recover quantitatively well-established
results in both the weak-coupling and the strong-coupling (unitarity) limit. We
determine for the latter case the line of second-order phase transitions of the
imbalanced Fermi gas and in particular the location of the tricritical point.
We obtain good agreement with the recent experiments of Y. Shin {\it et al}.
[Nature {\bf 451}, 689 (2008)].
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.supr-con | we formulate a wilsonian renormalization group theory for the imbalanced fermi gas the theory is able to recover quantitatively wellestablished results in both the weakcoupling and the strongcoupling unitarity limit we determine for the latter case the line of secondorder phase transitions of the imbalanced fermi gas and in particular the location of the tricritical point we obtain good agreement with the recent experiments of y shin it et al nature bf 451 689 2008 | [['we', 'formulate', 'a', 'wilsonian', 'renormalization', 'group', 'theory', 'for', 'the', 'imbalanced', 'fermi', 'gas', 'the', 'theory', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'recover', 'quantitatively', 'wellestablished', 'results', 'in', 'both', 'the', 'weakcoupling', 'and', 'the', 'strongcoupling', 'unitarity', 'limit', 'we', 'determine', 'for', 'the', 'latter', 'case', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'secondorder', 'phase', 'transitions', 'of', 'the', 'imbalanced', 'fermi', 'gas', 'and', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'location', 'of', 'the', 'tricritical', 'point', 'we', 'obtain', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'recent', 'experiments', 'of', 'y', 'shin', 'it', 'et', 'al', 'nature', 'bf', '451', '689', '2008']] | [-0.10956324212408314, 0.09868757798026005, -0.09278735410422087, 0.08162829836985717, -0.03330417203406493, -0.12736624722058573, 0.14214164574630558, 0.3219261920948823, -0.1856326982503136, -0.2790840318861107, 0.0026198153973867495, -0.31529288478195666, -0.12989957496523857, 0.1447662168244521, -0.04203891307736436, 0.07827463050683339, -0.003754425342194736, -0.037992152211566765, -0.12599481470882892, -0.28008576192582646, 0.3034559982828796, 0.07056874704857667, 0.33359424939999976, 0.08493942922912538, 0.04467185296739141, 0.02753597387423118, -0.009631539483865102, 0.006388071849942207, -0.19155085663621624, 0.061053690351545814, 0.2913562681525946, -0.022007934488356112, 0.15456655845046044, -0.3469250207891067, -0.21810654676208893, 0.043060065284371375, 0.09272699278624108, 0.12911699434431892, -0.005587732046842575, -0.3362363713203619, 0.00423599261790514, -0.18662060144046944, -0.1789815120274822, -0.10137258501723409, 0.008247150729099909, -0.031245063294967016, -0.23879105378563206, 0.13573821739293634, 0.03677813776458303, 0.03419016173730294, -0.04163617663085461, -0.07429369480659564, -0.002847570888698101, 0.09764031728729605, 0.019574657512518266, 0.1002251472324133, 0.07997545536607503, -0.13581980511546135, -0.058473858647048474, 0.41167819941416384, -0.08494566024591525, -0.06816412409146627, 0.23406901756922405, -0.17187763506080955, -0.16476173567275207, 0.11112104043364525, 0.09016446957364678, 0.08562273425205301, -0.08784540637085834, 0.148672840106301, -0.14623623001078764, 0.12456359775310072, 0.024977682335302235, -0.04728208867299448, 0.17548239371428886, 0.09713000083652636, 0.0032685695216059683, 0.07523923059614997, -0.1443399418486903, -0.14453877558077996, -0.3113376502816876, -0.10876091234385968, -0.173560144379735, -0.009903780911117792, -0.06286317553332386, -0.14004271440207958, 0.34008078853289286, 0.19878492161631584, 0.24942091582963863, 0.013416319228708744, 0.2163437826326117, 0.15298028436799843, -0.06361241728067397, 0.11841110843544204, 0.2936793411274751, 0.16972066298127175, 0.09683640650473535, -0.2850345383149882, -0.03829534419346601, 0.13314218394458294] |
711.2964 | Optimal Algorithmic Cooling of Spins | Algorithmic Cooling (AC) of Spins is potentially the first near-future
application of quantum computing devices. Straightforward quantum algorithms
combined with novel entropy manipulations can result in a method to improve the
identification of molecules. We introduce here several new exhaustive cooling
algorithms, such as the Tribonacci and k-bonacci algorithms. In particular, we
present the ``all-bonacci'' algorithm, which appears to reach the maximal
degree of cooling obtainable by the optimal AC approach.
| quant-ph | algorithmic cooling ac of spins is potentially the first nearfuture application of quantum computing devices straightforward quantum algorithms combined with novel entropy manipulations can result in a method to improve the identification of molecules we introduce here several new exhaustive cooling algorithms such as the tribonacci and kbonacci algorithms in particular we present the allbonacci algorithm which appears to reach the maximal degree of cooling obtainable by the optimal ac approach | [['algorithmic', 'cooling', 'ac', 'of', 'spins', 'is', 'potentially', 'the', 'first', 'nearfuture', 'application', 'of', 'quantum', 'computing', 'devices', 'straightforward', 'quantum', 'algorithms', 'combined', 'with', 'novel', 'entropy', 'manipulations', 'can', 'result', 'in', 'a', 'method', 'to', 'improve', 'the', 'identification', 'of', 'molecules', 'we', 'introduce', 'here', 'several', 'new', 'exhaustive', 'cooling', 'algorithms', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'tribonacci', 'and', 'kbonacci', 'algorithms', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'allbonacci', 'algorithm', 'which', 'appears', 'to', 'reach', 'the', 'maximal', 'degree', 'of', 'cooling', 'obtainable', 'by', 'the', 'optimal', 'ac', 'approach']] | [-0.12421404060774616, 0.10197501331567764, -0.057072302729024416, 0.0252627959491552, -0.0686056357675365, -0.16735581922610956, 0.10849589766335807, 0.3796342249294477, -0.2879645437002182, -0.3228518327964204, 0.08782364462302732, -0.20408932518746173, -0.1497345638461411, 0.291077719761857, -0.07863254235791309, 0.10693403837670173, 0.04736857468191634, 0.02058450944854745, -0.09557395652934376, -0.27763568398077043, 0.2279489371125237, 0.04676487884550754, 0.2506836297855313, 0.06847461749400412, 0.09709620412572154, -0.03192038914587881, 0.00737145789898932, 0.025284209182219845, -0.1563143086087491, 0.15477741770446302, 0.26755795651780706, 0.17325870733974236, 0.2671356587537697, -0.404010479072375, -0.15885988295610462, 0.12212258380438601, 0.17858257039583156, 0.19373080030782147, -0.05299832941299038, -0.236660605218328, 0.050658040773123504, -0.19291638881487805, -0.0939128899878207, -0.16262915445030168, -0.05816561505863709, 0.0329360675931509, -0.27075402956189853, 0.04584188296908646, 0.07526486815352525, 0.04822945562856538, -0.01688606433973681, -0.10238461916201881, 0.10221257300249167, 0.09121957197120147, -0.03328402779464211, 0.012748525650905711, 0.17983712851502268, -0.11222039184400014, -0.25321760280057787, 0.35478612551731725, -0.04905154666464243, -0.13221933382696338, 0.1559596090145143, -0.07514986025468845, -0.16813434306532143, 0.11174956324643322, 0.1807276886355664, 0.16970953751421933, -0.12768857567571104, 0.047648817645884786, 0.004965145473501512, 0.10923897284748299, 0.038883454326008045, 0.08431825267616659, 0.16030429810884275, 0.17807289185459793, 0.1120999442014311, 0.19741175258532168, -0.06282179730146059, -0.0624269326949226, -0.25741692701620716, -0.1857694160592343, -0.1968113469758204, 0.05584506520868412, -0.07587133828928927, -0.15758652816127453, 0.3621368018112012, 0.21049141776748, 0.12403269672234143, 0.03684426836968799, 0.3891204838491311, 0.11614308431578269, 0.06529775227286987, 0.07639337560561087, 0.20319315939476448, 0.14175816729465232, 0.07970126013138465, -0.28896008340774904, 0.039631901004551245, 0.06719845897252007] |
711.2965 | Deformation Quantization of Surjective Submersions and Principal Fibre
Bundles | In this paper we establish a notion of deformation quantization of a
surjective submersion which is specialized further to the case of a principal
fibre bundle: the functions on the total space are deformed into a right module
for the star product algebra of the functions on the base manifold. In case of
a principal fibre bundle we require in addition invariance under the principal
action. We prove existence and uniqueness of such deformations. The commutant
within all differential operators on the total space is computed and gives a
deformation of the algebra of vertical differential operators. Applications to
noncommutative gauge field theories and phase space reduction of star products
are discussed.
| math.QA math-ph math.MP | in this paper we establish a notion of deformation quantization of a surjective submersion which is specialized further to the case of a principal fibre bundle the functions on the total space are deformed into a right module for the star product algebra of the functions on the base manifold in case of a principal fibre bundle we require in addition invariance under the principal action we prove existence and uniqueness of such deformations the commutant within all differential operators on the total space is computed and gives a deformation of the algebra of vertical differential operators applications to noncommutative gauge field theories and phase space reduction of star products are discussed | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'establish', 'a', 'notion', 'of', 'deformation', 'quantization', 'of', 'a', 'surjective', 'submersion', 'which', 'is', 'specialized', 'further', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'principal', 'fibre', 'bundle', 'the', 'functions', 'on', 'the', 'total', 'space', 'are', 'deformed', 'into', 'a', 'right', 'module', 'for', 'the', 'star', 'product', 'algebra', 'of', 'the', 'functions', 'on', 'the', 'base', 'manifold', 'in', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'principal', 'fibre', 'bundle', 'we', 'require', 'in', 'addition', 'invariance', 'under', 'the', 'principal', 'action', 'we', 'prove', 'existence', 'and', 'uniqueness', 'of', 'such', 'deformations', 'the', 'commutant', 'within', 'all', 'differential', 'operators', 'on', 'the', 'total', 'space', 'is', 'computed', 'and', 'gives', 'a', 'deformation', 'of', 'the', 'algebra', 'of', 'vertical', 'differential', 'operators', 'applications', 'to', 'noncommutative', 'gauge', 'field', 'theories', 'and', 'phase', 'space', 'reduction', 'of', 'star', 'products', 'are', 'discussed']] | [-0.19437423165488457, 0.06226381176799935, -0.06203368854975062, 0.03675724653814021, -0.09270417713560164, -0.05614611881485741, -0.030119369246157084, 0.35523383580480833, -0.30869209630015704, -0.1780643491219962, 0.13795485771281943, -0.23757453427450465, -0.15425391691470786, 0.16461210592284, -0.13940930886851025, 0.0037480280609867933, 0.062037810554362034, 0.10696250449733011, -0.14950333783469563, -0.2224339010447563, 0.44924107579780476, 0.009265621171964864, 0.24807611739379354, 0.015436734477719125, 0.15667015936092607, 0.05057905478003834, -0.027358499451241056, -0.016388319520826502, -0.13334389075004896, 0.13218185066943988, 0.2318012895661273, 0.09459815615264233, 0.20538533086489355, -0.393897629841896, -0.15094543948154232, 0.15308941800114034, 0.11680856066024196, 0.016931692848239827, 0.008050609794736374, -0.25591847192013767, 0.06644518511685808, -0.18044272552443935, -0.11513438330335443, -0.10610740729940257, 0.03363000992872652, -0.01543255795591644, -0.26534169223409015, -0.0038546093544157755, 0.0692066121222784, 0.10162412642135418, -0.13335671090421133, -0.054186375911480615, -0.08536205956521112, 0.0667759861680679, 0.02771009364680919, 0.04745028111418443, 0.167628050170606, -0.10118612400713443, -0.08155435877519526, 0.38363392266910523, -0.08129575264839721, -0.28094791524511364, 0.09656523775109756, -0.1785259510922645, -0.18029011276251236, 0.09894520014807183, 0.13743231826395327, 0.15472439686501666, -0.04555695213743353, 0.16369423828031618, -0.07190877274011395, 0.07840839469281491, 0.05666988472928226, 0.021732363500632346, 0.14211392974747078, 0.1350971784766963, 0.12643843781968048, 0.14275870471153343, -0.02944210203505853, -0.08810075475983987, -0.40769879090865807, -0.2467693523732513, -0.0766612855378688, 0.11734937560491485, -0.10584988045034802, -0.16636366555134632, 0.41194628947830225, 0.03810090052554317, 0.21008455735656234, 0.06824440332898771, 0.22911577340814152, 0.10948117967927828, 0.11427515977993608, -0.0013666751869355462, 0.21515614386381848, 0.2579440227543403, 0.041088242445506955, -0.15737770398845896, -0.04893996841357356, 0.15999790020578075] |
711.2966 | Supernova Brightening from Chameleon-Photon Mixing | Measurements of standard candles and measurements of standard rulers give an
inconsistent picture of the history of the universe. This discrepancy can be
explained if photon number is not conserved as computations of the luminosity
distance must be modified. I show that photon number is not conserved when
photons mix with chameleons in the presence of a magnetic field. The strong
magnetic fields in a supernova mean that the probability of a photon converting
into a chameleon in the interior of the supernova is high, this results in a
large flux of chameleons at the surface of the supernova. Chameleons and
photons also mix as a result of the intergalactic magnetic field. These two
effects combined cause the image of the supernova to be brightened resulting in
a model which fits both observations of standard candles and observations of
standard rulers.
| astro-ph hep-ph | measurements of standard candles and measurements of standard rulers give an inconsistent picture of the history of the universe this discrepancy can be explained if photon number is not conserved as computations of the luminosity distance must be modified i show that photon number is not conserved when photons mix with chameleons in the presence of a magnetic field the strong magnetic fields in a supernova mean that the probability of a photon converting into a chameleon in the interior of the supernova is high this results in a large flux of chameleons at the surface of the supernova chameleons and photons also mix as a result of the intergalactic magnetic field these two effects combined cause the image of the supernova to be brightened resulting in a model which fits both observations of standard candles and observations of standard rulers | [['measurements', 'of', 'standard', 'candles', 'and', 'measurements', 'of', 'standard', 'rulers', 'give', 'an', 'inconsistent', 'picture', 'of', 'the', 'history', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'this', 'discrepancy', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'if', 'photon', 'number', 'is', 'not', 'conserved', 'as', 'computations', 'of', 'the', 'luminosity', 'distance', 'must', 'be', 'modified', 'i', 'show', 'that', 'photon', 'number', 'is', 'not', 'conserved', 'when', 'photons', 'mix', 'with', 'chameleons', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'magnetic', 'field', 'the', 'strong', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'a', 'supernova', 'mean', 'that', 'the', 'probability', 'of', 'a', 'photon', 'converting', 'into', 'a', 'chameleon', 'in', 'the', 'interior', 'of', 'the', 'supernova', 'is', 'high', 'this', 'results', 'in', 'a', 'large', 'flux', 'of', 'chameleons', 'at', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'supernova', 'chameleons', 'and', 'photons', 'also', 'mix', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'of', 'the', 'intergalactic', 'magnetic', 'field', 'these', 'two', 'effects', 'combined', 'cause', 'the', 'image', 'of', 'the', 'supernova', 'to', 'be', 'brightened', 'resulting', 'in', 'a', 'model', 'which', 'fits', 'both', 'observations', 'of', 'standard', 'candles', 'and', 'observations', 'of', 'standard', 'rulers']] | [-0.08820891461883348, 0.18588402114425875, -0.07622645540346214, 0.1123080591824738, -0.07636405929843797, -0.08791881026568037, 0.01893734990401154, 0.3520201462723896, -0.23862049859413442, -0.34393895935954144, 0.04947602581348376, -0.26514385200719887, -0.006040520728268522, 0.2139969556476815, -0.026835988401204137, -0.06480154178455366, 0.0713906101684304, 0.00454861673374548, -0.029713856138896648, -0.23548474884261741, 0.26077338814708995, 0.08401341024944757, 0.21787468779250874, 0.02427713135905491, 0.09170629521039256, -0.06484039352400929, -0.0347181389253613, 0.06503197364509106, -0.0725707558801287, 0.05269901982858671, 0.1577664050228187, 0.15710593755389993, 0.20897343920887257, -0.4406788468175957, -0.23550945553096367, 0.14721582299890987, 0.16913416083069874, 0.09999582612910143, -0.061513679967334506, -0.25329096908334325, 0.027481509603771336, -0.15986393436340365, -0.1320504782232621, 0.033186677037507085, -0.03731867810546136, 0.03588423915273437, -0.2729828670812467, 0.10420204838552076, 0.030805265807533466, 0.028726835721931982, -0.05981647513859661, -0.0396097356260338, -0.0265065498702915, 0.058648343877709994, 0.09048634850999451, 0.0721226705449587, 0.1391847710305138, -0.19633537616435412, -0.09947091256307954, 0.40664244373494113, -0.13539466267478065, -0.11640537035459957, 0.16329549445526292, -0.19037361606189335, -0.11004847176505107, 0.1302773989026983, 0.14878867804370027, 0.09403635246732028, -0.16022447731351258, 0.06023633369394902, -0.043300669607277034, 0.17164588020784213, 0.019868539950103625, 0.07751763683635617, 0.29590367585262084, 0.12724102401597334, 0.007999965359608755, 0.07128573918520269, -0.14075791062324816, -0.00029580626663164045, -0.36822776446211425, -0.1804865106068393, -0.20012289044593382, 0.0863611304850552, -0.14070115723873816, -0.18592453927647137, 0.3624998677599554, 0.1417326025238776, 0.20432487076003078, -0.0032330858479881434, 0.31050118831058976, 0.09115234478079576, 0.10901335223267476, 0.04874707313076137, 0.3372569636322875, 0.18524034212984092, 0.07523004429956488, -0.21756361354578366, 0.0300838580876853, 0.020709374242508453] |
711.2967 | Photo- and Electron-Production of Mesons on Nucleons and Nuclei | In these lectures I will show some results obtained with the chiral unitary
approach applied to the photo and electroproduction of mesons. The results for
photoproduction of $\eta \pi^0 p$ and $K^0 \pi^0 \Sigma^+$, together with
related reactions will be shown, having with common denominator the excitation
of the $\Delta(1700)$ resonance which is one of those dynamically generated in
the chiral unitary approach. Then I will show results obtained for the $e^+ e^-
\to \phi f_0(980)$ reaction which reproduce the bulk of the data except for a
pronounced peak, giving support to a new mesonic resonance, X(2175). Results
will also be shown for the electromagnetic form factors of the $N^*(1535)$
resonance, also dynamically generated in this approach. Finally, I will show
some results on the photoproduction of the $\omega$ in nuclei, showing that
present experimental results claiming a shift of the $\omega$ mass in the
medium are tied to a particular choice of background and are not conclusive.
One the other hand, the same experimental results show unambiguously a huge
increase of the $\omega$ width in the nuclear medium.
| nucl-th | in these lectures i will show some results obtained with the chiral unitary approach applied to the photo and electroproduction of mesons the results for photoproduction of eta pi0 p and k0 pi0 sigma together with related reactions will be shown having with common denominator the excitation of the delta1700 resonance which is one of those dynamically generated in the chiral unitary approach then i will show results obtained for the e e to phi f_0980 reaction which reproduce the bulk of the data except for a pronounced peak giving support to a new mesonic resonance x2175 results will also be shown for the electromagnetic form factors of the n1535 resonance also dynamically generated in this approach finally i will show some results on the photoproduction of the omega in nuclei showing that present experimental results claiming a shift of the omega mass in the medium are tied to a particular choice of background and are not conclusive one the other hand the same experimental results show unambiguously a huge increase of the omega width in the nuclear medium | [['in', 'these', 'lectures', 'i', 'will', 'show', 'some', 'results', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'chiral', 'unitary', 'approach', 'applied', 'to', 'the', 'photo', 'and', 'electroproduction', 'of', 'mesons', 'the', 'results', 'for', 'photoproduction', 'of', 'eta', 'pi0', 'p', 'and', 'k0', 'pi0', 'sigma', 'together', 'with', 'related', 'reactions', 'will', 'be', 'shown', 'having', 'with', 'common', 'denominator', 'the', 'excitation', 'of', 'the', 'delta1700', 'resonance', 'which', 'is', 'one', 'of', 'those', 'dynamically', 'generated', 'in', 'the', 'chiral', 'unitary', 'approach', 'then', 'i', 'will', 'show', 'results', 'obtained', 'for', 'the', 'e', 'e', 'to', 'phi', 'f_0980', 'reaction', 'which', 'reproduce', 'the', 'bulk', 'of', 'the', 'data', 'except', 'for', 'a', 'pronounced', 'peak', 'giving', 'support', 'to', 'a', 'new', 'mesonic', 'resonance', 'x2175', 'results', 'will', 'also', 'be', 'shown', 'for', 'the', 'electromagnetic', 'form', 'factors', 'of', 'the', 'n1535', 'resonance', 'also', 'dynamically', 'generated', 'in', 'this', 'approach', 'finally', 'i', 'will', 'show', 'some', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'photoproduction', 'of', 'the', 'omega', 'in', 'nuclei', 'showing', 'that', 'present', 'experimental', 'results', 'claiming', 'a', 'shift', 'of', 'the', 'omega', 'mass', 'in', 'the', 'medium', 'are', 'tied', 'to', 'a', 'particular', 'choice', 'of', 'background', 'and', 'are', 'not', 'conclusive', 'one', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'the', 'same', 'experimental', 'results', 'show', 'unambiguously', 'a', 'huge', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'omega', 'width', 'in', 'the', 'nuclear', 'medium']] | [-0.09171134311128304, 0.17583096203980864, -0.11301075201627912, 0.05681459627481042, -0.06737888622872906, -0.10975886467459232, 0.02788963220758603, 0.352527475512623, -0.21259613352302234, -0.22320939654057753, -0.006270609742717287, -0.3186321083518713, -0.1037217740933414, 0.19336952883867267, 0.02448046973167643, 0.04820638410122701, 0.09312333046932127, 0.11532492378684978, -0.021223646233524275, -0.2098846321654969, 0.3419781891087996, 0.004821562122387093, 0.22106510771740248, 0.13729633459582008, -0.001862572154222712, -0.03381934889212417, -0.03333167270132908, -0.0204012537343875, -0.13574934251465498, 0.10073757839555639, 0.2665423504883351, 0.09316426538146887, 0.1712868986547243, -0.3777475950188477, -0.1481428346473089, 0.08084843536011625, 0.1546757222145442, 0.09988881336582314, -0.06037062642232166, -0.3362140825132751, 0.12441437099683073, -0.1448295446312414, -0.15236036209441597, -0.09859988910884872, 0.02646048337431864, 0.004653293821523643, -0.31233914419436337, 0.02635651793527318, 0.04387026541611419, 0.008000798167026077, -0.09545896003704372, -0.1987503446624276, -0.012821537835325775, 0.05819683846908325, 0.0760699740556386, 0.08018443149117123, 0.14230473837997326, -0.1348607201875817, -0.12356236764859388, 0.39900463659253865, -0.05770027980906889, -0.17321709402467453, 0.13590806704951064, -0.23490420764822034, -0.15611827343913035, 0.1442415460244383, 0.13406807941764426, 0.07199985412464545, -0.12444605423897172, 0.0573773783382533, -0.06349717189854416, 0.16029098896471025, 0.08212220215618445, 0.04279227639865859, 0.14016198109335906, 0.13468970388678742, -0.007838978485123634, 0.07327279229498827, -0.06930335499632417, -0.03429383369339578, -0.3637448462798109, -0.11399351621785477, -0.12100658771274976, 0.06451608497506676, -0.029278741150836892, -0.08173933254870945, 0.36329730236759755, 0.0935007482194784, 0.2770227710033543, -0.009486147260271253, 0.2717169372874765, 0.11409881441494939, 0.05816595205339972, 0.06039336662708298, 0.2784469207952335, 0.15819102059009188, 0.09960388180215429, -0.2724841198462514, -0.0008580642449929686, -0.02392912575163405] |
711.2968 | Zero-temperature equation of state of solid 4He at low and high
pressures | We study the zero-temperature equation of state (EOS) of solid 4He in the
hexagonal closed packet (hcp) phase over the 0-57 GPa pressure range by means
of the Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method and the semi-empirical Aziz pair
potential HFD-B(HE). In the low pressure regime (P ~ 0-1 GPa) we assess
excellent agreement with experiments and we give an accurate description of the
atomic kinetic energy, Lindemann ratio and Debye temperature over a wide range
of molar volumes (22-6 cm^{3}/mol). However, on moving to higher pressures our
calculated P-V curve presents an increasingly steeper slope which ultimately
provides differences within ~40 % with respect to measurements. In order to
account for many-body interactions arising in the crystal with compression
which are not reproduced by our model, we perform additional electronic
density-functional theory (DFT) calculations for correcting the computed DMC
energies in a perturbative way. We explore both generalized gradient and local
density approximations (GGA and LDA, respectively) for the electronic
exchange-correlation potential. By proceeding in this manner, we show that
discrepancies with respect to high pressure data are reduced to 5-10 % with few
computational extra cost. Further comparison between our calculated EOSs and ab
initio curves deduced for the perfect crystal and corrected for the zero-point
motion of the atoms enforces the reliability of our approach.
| cond-mat.other cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we study the zerotemperature equation of state eos of solid 4he in the hexagonal closed packet hcp phase over the 057 gpa pressure range by means of the diffusion monte carlo dmc method and the semiempirical aziz pair potential hfdbhe in the low pressure regime p 01 gpa we assess excellent agreement with experiments and we give an accurate description of the atomic kinetic energy lindemann ratio and debye temperature over a wide range of molar volumes 226 cm3mol however on moving to higher pressures our calculated pv curve presents an increasingly steeper slope which ultimately provides differences within 40 with respect to measurements in order to account for manybody interactions arising in the crystal with compression which are not reproduced by our model we perform additional electronic densityfunctional theory dft calculations for correcting the computed dmc energies in a perturbative way we explore both generalized gradient and local density approximations gga and lda respectively for the electronic exchangecorrelation potential by proceeding in this manner we show that discrepancies with respect to high pressure data are reduced to 510 with few computational extra cost further comparison between our calculated eoss and ab initio curves deduced for the perfect crystal and corrected for the zeropoint motion of the atoms enforces the reliability of our approach | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'zerotemperature', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'eos', 'of', 'solid', '4he', 'in', 'the', 'hexagonal', 'closed', 'packet', 'hcp', 'phase', 'over', 'the', '057', 'gpa', 'pressure', 'range', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'the', 'diffusion', 'monte', 'carlo', 'dmc', 'method', 'and', 'the', 'semiempirical', 'aziz', 'pair', 'potential', 'hfdbhe', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'pressure', 'regime', 'p', '01', 'gpa', 'we', 'assess', 'excellent', 'agreement', 'with', 'experiments', 'and', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'accurate', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'atomic', 'kinetic', 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711.2969 | Cosmological Bang within Matter Era. Is the Generation of Galactic-Scale
Mass Possible? | A heuristic hypothesis about domination of Bose-Einstein statistics in the
early Universe is suggested. The possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation
(BEC) of primordial baryon-antibaryon pairs is considered. In accordance with
this postulation enormous masses in the order of galactic mass may be
accumulated within the cosmic scales. At the certain threshold value of the
matter density the structural bosons decay into fermions and the sharp
breakdown of quantum-mechanical symmetry of the particles wave functions
occurs. Then, due to the Pauli principle of exclusion a large-scale phase
transition occurs because of enormous pressure jump of the matter. This
phenomenon might cause Cosmological Bang at the beginning stage of the Matter
Era. As a mechanism of accumulation of galactic mass much larger than the
configuration with structural bosons, a hypothetical BEC of elementary bosons
(gauge bosons $W^{\pm}$ and $Z^{0})$ is discussed as well.
| astro-ph | a heuristic hypothesis about domination of boseeinstein statistics in the early universe is suggested the possibility of boseeinstein condensation bec of primordial baryonantibaryon pairs is considered in accordance with this postulation enormous masses in the order of galactic mass may be accumulated within the cosmic scales at the certain threshold value of the matter density the structural bosons decay into fermions and the sharp breakdown of quantummechanical symmetry of the particles wave functions occurs then due to the pauli principle of exclusion a largescale phase transition occurs because of enormous pressure jump of the matter this phenomenon might cause cosmological bang at the beginning stage of the matter era as a mechanism of accumulation of galactic mass much larger than the configuration with structural bosons a hypothetical bec of elementary bosons gauge bosons wpm and z0 is discussed as well | [['a', 'heuristic', 'hypothesis', 'about', 'domination', 'of', 'boseeinstein', 'statistics', 'in', 'the', 'early', 'universe', 'is', 'suggested', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'boseeinstein', 'condensation', 'bec', 'of', 'primordial', 'baryonantibaryon', 'pairs', 'is', 'considered', 'in', 'accordance', 'with', 'this', 'postulation', 'enormous', 'masses', 'in', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'galactic', 'mass', 'may', 'be', 'accumulated', 'within', 'the', 'cosmic', 'scales', 'at', 'the', 'certain', 'threshold', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'density', 'the', 'structural', 'bosons', 'decay', 'into', 'fermions', 'and', 'the', 'sharp', 'breakdown', 'of', 'quantummechanical', 'symmetry', 'of', 'the', 'particles', 'wave', 'functions', 'occurs', 'then', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'pauli', 'principle', 'of', 'exclusion', 'a', 'largescale', 'phase', 'transition', 'occurs', 'because', 'of', 'enormous', 'pressure', 'jump', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'this', 'phenomenon', 'might', 'cause', 'cosmological', 'bang', 'at', 'the', 'beginning', 'stage', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'era', 'as', 'a', 'mechanism', 'of', 'accumulation', 'of', 'galactic', 'mass', 'much', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'configuration', 'with', 'structural', 'bosons', 'a', 'hypothetical', 'bec', 'of', 'elementary', 'bosons', 'gauge', 'bosons', 'wpm', 'and', 'z0', 'is', 'discussed', 'as', 'well']] | [-0.14434925880715518, 0.2911861125512847, -0.09591956642855491, 0.13342448603777615, -0.05665364879449564, -0.07902191941559847, 0.03982994963672744, 0.25607414004126827, -0.20666159960507816, -0.2916899175017274, 0.01914562340410027, -0.27300729791958084, -0.03387248868197535, 0.10152953782318426, 0.0658676416929146, 0.040984832904567677, 0.0005455135704583622, 0.05695094159538192, -0.050850010254985784, -0.2727786698786076, 0.3287038994919775, 0.09371976523730804, 0.23753552824657942, 0.08885069156198629, 0.07573534643576879, -0.03828863101412675, 0.013168393481256707, -0.06626755690252009, -0.13822084669289844, 0.006734642870391586, 0.18617696943776016, 0.09337404277175665, 0.23781451902884457, -0.40871867931314876, -0.20853791424472418, 0.18644285350871673, 0.20357088749296964, 0.16755231554353875, -0.10301802066553917, -0.3268697730573227, 0.02729066322624151, -0.1905500499514996, -0.15829064633580855, 0.01649449212210519, 0.00879556291204478, -0.03008033238750483, -0.2439539178474141, 0.17754115872085094, 0.03803867339239722, 0.03132315432386739, -0.05469027479910957, -0.09638324249702107, -0.03911057914208089, -0.028790162523676242, 0.11622741069544905, 0.03666007143661513, 0.190120216057403, -0.19866564081250024, -0.08491922113046582, 0.4506935653875449, -0.06037737499292624, -0.055557903062331854, 0.18416503004929316, -0.19676290187385997, -0.10188400911699448, 0.17669574078338754, 0.17429380859289917, 0.04494283241552434, -0.13286273622818823, 0.0862882705330516, -0.0025011783705849665, 0.15016389412672393, 0.09387188863308568, 0.067326002534745, 0.3464775634863015, 0.19397464357649108, 0.02113197786467416, 0.09814731267064676, -0.06530639375892601, -0.12903856475771006, -0.3466279711308224, -0.16536053253470787, -0.19116383963929756, 0.07627049828661256, -0.10105412432770078, -0.14229673103961563, 0.3402905369643122, 0.11777366807967025, 0.2361737266482253, -0.0024886998580768704, 0.25293226479718994, 0.10690932521164151, 0.07581746836991182, 0.008875686492371773, 0.2958786714888577, 0.18296177950022477, 0.1166473028981792, -0.2344444214466161, 0.030291931963126573, 0.05479387252541658] |
711.297 | Free holomorphic functions and interpolation | In this paper we obtain a noncommutative multivariable analogue of the
classical Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem for analytic functions with
positive real parts on the open unit disc. As consequences, we deduce some
results concerning operator-valued analytic interpolation on the unit ball on
C^n.
| math.FA math.OA | in this paper we obtain a noncommutative multivariable analogue of the classical nevanlinnapick interpolation problem for analytic functions with positive real parts on the open unit disc as consequences we deduce some results concerning operatorvalued analytic interpolation on the unit ball on cn | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'noncommutative', 'multivariable', 'analogue', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'nevanlinnapick', 'interpolation', 'problem', 'for', 'analytic', 'functions', 'with', 'positive', 'real', 'parts', 'on', 'the', 'open', 'unit', 'disc', 'as', 'consequences', 'we', 'deduce', 'some', 'results', 'concerning', 'operatorvalued', 'analytic', 'interpolation', 'on', 'the', 'unit', 'ball', 'on', 'cn']] | [-0.09506339896037135, -0.05888213818286394, -0.06732917810941852, 0.13826003433259335, -0.1022276958060819, -0.0635758368839878, 0.036823007973928956, 0.36817181656180425, -0.27319940664740494, -0.13513687616863915, 0.1872597893613369, -0.2508765715499257, -0.21474227317890457, 0.2807420415933742, -0.1575452729323229, 0.11608665520975063, 0.06279132471874703, 0.029927877346486893, -0.1285632590568343, -0.2618407925460921, 0.42677342623125675, -0.0449321158663478, 0.09037182600302406, 0.10460478779968134, 0.09286431229651668, 0.07371640518351003, -0.06964495127240933, -0.08585677154058981, -0.23698145752707714, 0.1806753256526061, 0.2317450461519319, 0.08718469996698373, 0.2895829434138398, -0.42430923342011695, -0.1734000342833095, 0.1350878092222089, 0.11377492691065337, -0.041193876442564434, -0.11184676615372409, -0.233650253955708, 0.024342657543372278, -0.088214737373989, -0.18524789803683064, -0.05975887371324609, 0.04001666402964051, 0.04800863666893091, -0.29145035621991683, 0.041514551981763785, 0.1042392808148031, 0.10324058577764866, -0.19581294843797073, -0.14117680767247842, 0.10924175150995684, 0.08234914438799024, -0.015931159106278143, 0.11799700984590535, 0.09884577861792126, 0.016068499194198223, -0.13006705734445606, 0.32327944783190654, -0.05105321834860153, -0.3480821969204171, 0.1483945543769487, -0.24544893417420777, -0.17468930791716936, -0.019682568173075832, 0.1675413977192325, 0.11794125712896307, -0.014480595931757328, 0.22136060683446568, -0.18586516432290853, 0.10334814822052193, 0.17130393004261477, 0.01802367644471138, 0.1358816523624714, 0.021692436534998027, 0.10487148980068606, 0.22810011152936102, 0.0194938319767717, -0.15527779341480413, -0.37133581594152504, -0.2208344183299084, -0.19383479446865792, 0.1369711074025132, -0.14022649483495328, -0.24445186919251152, 0.3852772159978401, 0.058686149787146945, 0.2468587003518329, 0.11692126075802155, 0.3080902601657219, 0.14666427043537328, 0.010410636078652948, -0.00808637582718633, 0.09551287460111103, 0.20485961905052497, 0.08478572175209952, -0.14213083914026273, -0.016130831536598677, 0.21127357938175284] |
711.2971 | IT services design to support coordination practices in the
Luxembourguish AEC sector | In the Architecture Engineering and Construction sector (AEC) cooperation
between actors is essential for project success. The configuration of actors'
organization takes different forms like the associated coordination mechanisms.
Our approach consists in analyzing these coordination mechanisms through the
identification of the "base practices" realized by the actors of a construction
project to cooperate. We also try with practitioners to highlight the "best
practices" of cooperation. Then we suggest here two prototypes of IT services
aiming to demonstrate the value added of IT to support cooperation. These
prototype tools allow us to sensitize the actors through terrain experiments
and then to bring inch by inch the Luxembourgish AEC sector towards electronic
cooperation.
| cs.HC | in the architecture engineering and construction sector aec cooperation between actors is essential for project success the configuration of actors organization takes different forms like the associated coordination mechanisms our approach consists in analyzing these coordination mechanisms through the identification of the base practices realized by the actors of a construction project to cooperate we also try with practitioners to highlight the best practices of cooperation then we suggest here two prototypes of it services aiming to demonstrate the value added of it to support cooperation these prototype tools allow us to sensitize the actors through terrain experiments and then to bring inch by inch the luxembourgish aec sector towards electronic cooperation | [['in', 'the', 'architecture', 'engineering', 'and', 'construction', 'sector', 'aec', 'cooperation', 'between', 'actors', 'is', 'essential', 'for', 'project', 'success', 'the', 'configuration', 'of', 'actors', 'organization', 'takes', 'different', 'forms', 'like', 'the', 'associated', 'coordination', 'mechanisms', 'our', 'approach', 'consists', 'in', 'analyzing', 'these', 'coordination', 'mechanisms', 'through', 'the', 'identification', 'of', 'the', 'base', 'practices', 'realized', 'by', 'the', 'actors', 'of', 'a', 'construction', 'project', 'to', 'cooperate', 'we', 'also', 'try', 'with', 'practitioners', 'to', 'highlight', 'the', 'best', 'practices', 'of', 'cooperation', 'then', 'we', 'suggest', 'here', 'two', 'prototypes', 'of', 'it', 'services', 'aiming', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'value', 'added', 'of', 'it', 'to', 'support', 'cooperation', 'these', 'prototype', 'tools', 'allow', 'us', 'to', 'sensitize', 'the', 'actors', 'through', 'terrain', 'experiments', 'and', 'then', 'to', 'bring', 'inch', 'by', 'inch', 'the', 'luxembourgish', 'aec', 'sector', 'towards', 'electronic', 'cooperation']] | [-0.1355242262686695, 0.0463914022327879, -0.059779212566780614, 0.044181609191713635, -0.11985405774468237, -0.14895688711774643, 0.11055049029187308, 0.4013839333175539, -0.24965124057505178, -0.3419188600167766, 0.05316341534751962, -0.25944038752365756, -0.2062270504239997, 0.12884476851369883, -0.05297177620090847, -0.021670215519833134, 0.05128325020206404, -0.010135117685422301, 0.04141146028917786, -0.27352419851960297, 0.33626126591535704, 0.08871258843086056, 0.3430777505199584, 0.0468510454059117, 0.08723579152898343, -0.014537192935644238, -0.032325481534474065, -0.05914128064555493, -0.10126822653251726, 0.17027112556755677, 0.3752976105053414, 0.21263772094840402, 0.3245834618983035, -0.47927583044243827, -0.15363342510085334, 0.05586771938010111, 0.11742153101776903, 0.042548709272130114, -0.006205547215031074, -0.32664101723967504, 0.0696523129989326, -0.2221405829978385, -0.15437579539243704, -0.0898602223988656, -0.07445034699363483, 0.028732820544056258, -0.25697655694743804, -0.10273904970512507, 0.028719972890407383, 0.07832032399092642, -0.05658543581847806, -0.11665539538303206, -0.015924123017251626, 0.21961204334673984, 0.0452060260210052, -0.01813394433728562, 0.12890410302458583, -0.14740730698329504, -0.1513315555094196, 0.370149984251003, 0.023923162125504098, -0.1509887804759683, 0.22688740428100834, -0.07821217124656615, -0.1423323521440899, 0.06496736455104642, 0.19067468022642373, 0.015904164860478125, -0.16173836836373215, 0.016325475044993196, 0.023146976979013096, 0.16121017377873934, 0.03919152159302554, -0.0004559229757334735, 0.21291151399480868, 0.2505869148676661, 0.1081293532289229, 0.09783796834348289, -0.015204692276735866, -0.1454791226885743, -0.25384320993278475, -0.1713579281758693, -0.0992394637962518, 0.017656560911721474, -0.04964029222599919, -0.06633185775245766, 0.3931352391771905, 0.18757879043518155, 0.09702072542701923, 0.01884540673848745, 0.29015012397556694, -0.050655923711412865, 0.14434996493966193, 0.03255719353805657, 0.20127072021667217, 0.040108917570496734, 0.1520125142818837, -0.18783073375202916, 0.10312979638593288, 0.01049936130676452] |
711.2972 | Wet Sand flows better than dry sand | We investigated the yield stress and the apparent viscosity of sand with and
without small amounts of liquid. By pushing the sand through a tube with an
enforced Poiseuille like profile we minimize the effect of avalanches and shear
localization. We find that the system starts to flow when a critical shear of
the order of one particle diameter is exceeded. In contrast to common believe,
we observe that the resistance against the flow of wet sand is much smaller
than that of dry sand. For the dissipative flow we propose a non-equilibrium
state equation for granular fluids.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft | we investigated the yield stress and the apparent viscosity of sand with and without small amounts of liquid by pushing the sand through a tube with an enforced poiseuille like profile we minimize the effect of avalanches and shear localization we find that the system starts to flow when a critical shear of the order of one particle diameter is exceeded in contrast to common believe we observe that the resistance against the flow of wet sand is much smaller than that of dry sand for the dissipative flow we propose a nonequilibrium state equation for granular fluids | [['we', 'investigated', 'the', 'yield', 'stress', 'and', 'the', 'apparent', 'viscosity', 'of', 'sand', 'with', 'and', 'without', 'small', 'amounts', 'of', 'liquid', 'by', 'pushing', 'the', 'sand', 'through', 'a', 'tube', 'with', 'an', 'enforced', 'poiseuille', 'like', 'profile', 'we', 'minimize', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'avalanches', 'and', 'shear', 'localization', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'system', 'starts', 'to', 'flow', 'when', 'a', 'critical', 'shear', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'one', 'particle', 'diameter', 'is', 'exceeded', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'common', 'believe', 'we', 'observe', 'that', 'the', 'resistance', 'against', 'the', 'flow', 'of', 'wet', 'sand', 'is', 'much', 'smaller', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'dry', 'sand', 'for', 'the', 'dissipative', 'flow', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'nonequilibrium', 'state', 'equation', 'for', 'granular', 'fluids']] | [-0.12364456830641293, 0.2266029816333796, -0.1142215917875268, -0.00682608675145145, -0.0065087682700582915, -0.10969692735210518, 0.010252285986302458, 0.3139116250130595, -0.26271178205592594, -0.28837168283228365, 0.11337352060232958, -0.29881892339041344, -0.12361118619149665, 0.17661126956405424, -0.06258737876517129, 0.08452838177232033, 0.028958669818500628, 0.012041222349246393, -0.02806524926920098, -0.18547103874984064, 0.31028041973405956, 0.05725218982872914, 0.30914761810278407, 0.08191486016600108, 0.13195102742626047, -0.017404933158327276, 0.014621773839224967, 0.1277392385670041, -0.20089860707015092, 0.031803218018244574, 0.16890737694707147, -0.004842205552802402, 0.23730691145079172, -0.510190626701378, -0.2615109721762342, 0.08145099139430237, 0.0966835161623526, 0.12085187573898204, -0.02443627269026272, -0.19692521326585996, 0.0876748951541602, -0.17417748578424966, -0.12427902964361924, -0.01840325868783557, 0.03719098930608253, 0.014257675122020632, -0.2219539686030119, 0.14068838063513442, 0.08000693688577763, 0.05826987804160738, -0.07138140919637315, -0.06901492585537347, -0.08301957752745674, 0.09612602489550208, 0.09477106083127461, 0.005694774003837219, 0.22621270777106436, -0.21772869312256687, 0.004986521597875625, 0.4188529800870741, -0.06866367815768618, -0.18308046728144495, 0.216047298600327, -0.14195363681136194, -0.024911731966219996, 0.16155133025758728, 0.19920302797298955, 0.07193075705614245, -0.09783613742450942, -0.0812214125436018, -0.06325365102146657, 0.16518350545440477, 0.07273641946174357, -0.09014453674780623, 0.21355028428156309, 0.24864294620145264, 0.11809399393292105, 0.21129002925293633, -0.15232721526574874, -0.07893071239053899, -0.26156945255756076, -0.19499943949868997, -0.15729859613929875, 0.04322405309625426, -0.10513903005289185, -0.18622643601776537, 0.3324129458763922, 0.1604793474591356, 0.19168490543723943, 0.06296624362050575, 0.26964702879135705, 0.08596164181980552, 0.0732722080155865, 0.1259127386313464, 0.29392333925530617, 0.09136874378155156, 0.15254172680386324, -0.2581805604776101, 0.1113903806711148, 0.047500801158650796] |
711.2973 | Emergence and Computation at the Edge of Classical and Quantum Systems | The problem of emergence in physical theories makes necessary to build a
general theory of the relationships between the observed system and the
observing system. It can be shown that there exists a correspondence between
classical systems and computational dynamics according to the Shannon-Turing
model. A classical system is an informational closed system with respect to the
observer; this characterizes the emergent processes in classical physics as
phenomenological emergence. In quantum systems, the analysis based on the
computation theory fails. It is here shown that a quantum system is an
informational open system with respect to the observer and able to exhibit
processes of observational, radical emergence. Finally, we take into
consideration the role of computation in describing the physical world.
| physics.gen-ph quant-ph | the problem of emergence in physical theories makes necessary to build a general theory of the relationships between the observed system and the observing system it can be shown that there exists a correspondence between classical systems and computational dynamics according to the shannonturing model a classical system is an informational closed system with respect to the observer this characterizes the emergent processes in classical physics as phenomenological emergence in quantum systems the analysis based on the computation theory fails it is here shown that a quantum system is an informational open system with respect to the observer and able to exhibit processes of observational radical emergence finally we take into consideration the role of computation in describing the physical world | [['the', 'problem', 'of', 'emergence', 'in', 'physical', 'theories', 'makes', 'necessary', 'to', 'build', 'a', 'general', 'theory', 'of', 'the', 'relationships', 'between', 'the', 'observed', 'system', 'and', 'the', 'observing', 'system', 'it', 'can', 'be', 'shown', 'that', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'correspondence', 'between', 'classical', 'systems', 'and', 'computational', 'dynamics', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'shannonturing', 'model', 'a', 'classical', 'system', 'is', 'an', 'informational', 'closed', 'system', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'observer', 'this', 'characterizes', 'the', 'emergent', 'processes', 'in', 'classical', 'physics', 'as', 'phenomenological', 'emergence', 'in', 'quantum', 'systems', 'the', 'analysis', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'computation', 'theory', 'fails', 'it', 'is', 'here', 'shown', 'that', 'a', 'quantum', 'system', 'is', 'an', 'informational', 'open', 'system', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'observer', 'and', 'able', 'to', 'exhibit', 'processes', 'of', 'observational', 'radical', 'emergence', 'finally', 'we', 'take', 'into', 'consideration', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'computation', 'in', 'describing', 'the', 'physical', 'world']] | [-0.14690515346786318, 0.09658585015592204, -0.14325704275979662, 0.08553764364720944, -0.025740628984446328, -0.1489130809282263, 0.029378730431199075, 0.3116488532318423, -0.2885280976149564, -0.2956234996954057, 0.06697778648134166, -0.2566361991336938, -0.2145349721540697, 0.19830136641976423, -0.06610069414358198, 0.03797271274961531, 0.0135018190475724, 0.06158488593840351, -0.04534484908993666, -0.19343103260422748, 0.32363797039724884, 0.071338407266497, 0.28763532891995663, 0.0403054368449375, 0.11694061696374168, -0.01683523723622784, 0.010922717738624972, 0.03549716274859141, -0.0942720175668607, 0.12438197679099781, 0.22996549919868509, 0.17307551428675652, 0.2626518670003861, -0.4343968396851172, -0.21770392967543253, 0.10519995827344246, 0.12885209873784334, 0.1158536141156219, -0.00017472268567265322, -0.27138044928821425, 0.04902856250603994, -0.15314655062975363, -0.14326424126823742, -0.07854878012634194, 0.04979472967485587, -0.04268885009611646, -0.22198765098582954, 0.02441535528632812, 0.07091358648613096, 0.05644245686198701, -0.10046059961896389, 0.008240274387450579, 0.008080264856107532, 0.15921830073542273, 0.025646124338769973, 0.017304977945362527, 0.0999241518516404, -0.12114260330757437, -0.15299606423359363, 0.4355489547053973, -0.013190505377133377, -0.2063234422802149, 0.24761737827793695, -0.13766120355188224, -0.1234712396399118, 0.06913729233007568, 0.15627222454641015, 0.04169886586702584, -0.1542118141776882, 0.09923076153742537, -0.027756620268337428, 0.17683181780836701, -0.03207952189841308, 0.07480631644381598, 0.24662899796385318, 0.1882908476361384, 0.050489526197391874, 0.14482497734231098, -0.00013122422387823462, -0.21523175332913524, -0.3317587741650641, -0.19074152818260093, -0.13990903066005558, 0.07012066015255793, -0.05126587461333353, -0.16580449322694524, 0.34812263792846354, 0.2050300587148134, 0.17127907979375626, 0.013002267652579273, 0.25968537004179476, 0.1412118264347858, 0.050981545075774196, 0.05533450192694242, 0.235993195255287, 0.15876383798992416, 0.11384901137401661, -0.23674255716226375, 0.08028829178462425, 0.034002178053682046] |
711.2974 | Composition with a two variable function | We compute the motivic nearby cycles of functions obtained by composition of
two functions with distinct sets of variables with a two variable function
| math.AG | we compute the motivic nearby cycles of functions obtained by composition of two functions with distinct sets of variables with a two variable function | [['we', 'compute', 'the', 'motivic', 'nearby', 'cycles', 'of', 'functions', 'obtained', 'by', 'composition', 'of', 'two', 'functions', 'with', 'distinct', 'sets', 'of', 'variables', 'with', 'a', 'two', 'variable', 'function']] | [-0.2023510237922892, 0.12342829532766093, -0.12140999385155737, 0.058654950776447855, 0.04520801338367164, -0.05465136000808949, 0.08993157175912832, 0.3529335142423709, -0.31173629003266495, -0.28638251589533564, 0.04048858053283766, -0.24332213130158684, -0.14188106389095387, 0.2138387184434881, -0.023174515808932483, 0.01624318251075844, 0.030091444282637287, -0.03664360309873397, -0.11215873902741198, -0.2664335104636848, 0.46326531128336984, -0.10356810805387795, 0.1294666927618285, -0.08297705828833084, 0.1354314039926976, 0.044771608450294785, -0.10554400433708604, 0.01193092573278894, -0.11996491381432861, 0.15369051256372282, 0.22490880731493235, 0.15071856944511333, 0.22925138038893542, -0.39940234751945053, -0.1652487190440297, 0.16723707549196357, 0.05603389364356796, -0.05931924128284057, 0.04922727153946956, -0.18405805341899395, 0.0976438303090011, -0.13628759398125112, -0.16234677226748317, -0.055208101170137525, 0.044901659401754536, 0.19030070374719799, -0.27948784513864666, 0.016830229976524908, -0.056241538550239056, 0.12050995397536705, -0.12809255377699932, -0.18862784126152596, -0.038481825147755444, 0.15331982027661675, 0.058384087945645056, 0.06082060325813169, 0.10933309663475181, -0.10036653592639293, -0.16543836814040938, 0.28702160987692577, -0.09030717704445124, -0.19584207997346917, 0.2166264196469759, -0.2160985792094531, -0.16196077728333572, 0.09298040915746242, 0.060167481346676745, 0.1980735876907905, -0.16048219450749457, 0.020265799791862566, -0.06398495552518095, 0.11825064162258059, 0.09517347350871812, 0.07836140816410382, 0.18415210496944687, 0.040919041455102466, 0.03940305234088252, 0.22943568736081943, -0.030139714013785124, -0.06673868019909908, -0.30557201166326803, -0.11903033498674631, -0.16742752158703902, 0.05358868730642522, -0.19393427949398756, -0.26268090268907446, 0.4901016953711708, -0.010543865074093143, 0.28098071087151766, 0.1005545873582984, 0.24017749447375536, 0.16945409355685115, 0.09074124596372712, 0.031965166019896664, 0.12104243199185778, 0.15111117932246998, -0.016310530559470255, -0.1358232571122547, 0.012147885611436019, 0.1585969350223119] |
711.2975 | Self-Trapping of Bosons and Fermions in Optical Lattices | We theoretically investigate the enhanced localization of bosonic atoms by
fermionic atoms in three-dimensional optical lattices and find a self-trapping
of the bosons for attractive boson-fermion interaction. Because of this mutual
interaction, the fermion orbitals are substantially squeezed, which results in
a strong deformation of the effective potential for bosons. This effect is
enhanced by an increasing bosonic filling factor leading to a large shift of
the transition between the superfluid and the Mott-insulator phase. We find a
nonlinear dependency of the critical potential depth on the boson-fermion
interaction strength. The results, in general, demonstrate the important role
of higher Bloch bands for the physics of attractively interacting quantum gas
mixtures in optical lattices and are of direct relevance to recent experiments
with 87Rb - 40K mixtures, where a large shift of the critical point has been
found.
| cond-mat.other | we theoretically investigate the enhanced localization of bosonic atoms by fermionic atoms in threedimensional optical lattices and find a selftrapping of the bosons for attractive bosonfermion interaction because of this mutual interaction the fermion orbitals are substantially squeezed which results in a strong deformation of the effective potential for bosons this effect is enhanced by an increasing bosonic filling factor leading to a large shift of the transition between the superfluid and the mottinsulator phase we find a nonlinear dependency of the critical potential depth on the bosonfermion interaction strength the results in general demonstrate the important role of higher bloch bands for the physics of attractively interacting quantum gas mixtures in optical lattices and are of direct relevance to recent experiments with 87rb 40k mixtures where a large shift of the critical point has been found | [['we', 'theoretically', 'investigate', 'the', 'enhanced', 'localization', 'of', 'bosonic', 'atoms', 'by', 'fermionic', 'atoms', 'in', 'threedimensional', 'optical', 'lattices', 'and', 'find', 'a', 'selftrapping', 'of', 'the', 'bosons', 'for', 'attractive', 'bosonfermion', 'interaction', 'because', 'of', 'this', 'mutual', 'interaction', 'the', 'fermion', 'orbitals', 'are', 'substantially', 'squeezed', 'which', 'results', 'in', 'a', 'strong', 'deformation', 'of', 'the', 'effective', 'potential', 'for', 'bosons', 'this', 'effect', 'is', 'enhanced', 'by', 'an', 'increasing', 'bosonic', 'filling', 'factor', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'large', 'shift', 'of', 'the', 'transition', 'between', 'the', 'superfluid', 'and', 'the', 'mottinsulator', 'phase', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'dependency', 'of', 'the', 'critical', 'potential', 'depth', 'on', 'the', 'bosonfermion', 'interaction', 'strength', 'the', 'results', 'in', 'general', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'important', 'role', 'of', 'higher', 'bloch', 'bands', 'for', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'attractively', 'interacting', 'quantum', 'gas', 'mixtures', 'in', 'optical', 'lattices', 'and', 'are', 'of', 'direct', 'relevance', 'to', 'recent', 'experiments', 'with', '87rb', '40k', 'mixtures', 'where', 'a', 'large', 'shift', 'of', 'the', 'critical', 'point', 'has', 'been', 'found']] | [-0.14351438341813544, 0.2603063928593251, -0.017944818192644277, 0.04668541307931589, 0.019147894627339866, -0.151149254210674, 0.07500268676467783, 0.3472583714437528, -0.2100486162859593, -0.23729850675394065, -0.009455157746390922, -0.2950934848652976, -0.15399376525591216, 0.14182292264852212, 0.06885283004601289, 0.04345019233759737, 0.016614613925399136, 0.014643139974044187, -0.09955840479382008, -0.24503736496719458, 0.33110076046283665, 0.04138895240357404, 0.2995837893418587, 0.13703694134733102, 0.04996717407157386, 0.02608034072144732, 0.06861116332647792, -0.024594276365110256, -0.12479151541666283, 0.1265120605571046, 0.2221540908620652, -0.06151374268862181, 0.22982026723954474, -0.4037838063209596, -0.229430251239024, 0.10238143565629466, 0.17406056535831332, 0.18906845664860422, -0.07600250549658616, -0.3426212917428708, -0.06361588580112387, -0.19392308277710185, -0.1239886998069765, -0.10067810352473608, 0.07160302921857713, 0.03376432716928042, -0.2777028105860698, 0.10689195917547939, 0.055788713694298574, 0.1143730900311557, -0.060168972355738475, -0.09250061577576872, -0.0065566912959635695, 0.060938121778142715, 0.00014459878294626727, 0.023551007443835047, 0.11587239729485264, -0.23933337098259452, -0.07444240914548944, 0.4153200332211317, -0.10863053992417825, -0.13044756414355152, 0.2548252303037711, -0.1477373416049501, -0.05861535696924603, 0.14303504825182203, 0.16080864419715385, 0.03945994502856281, -0.08656116958068562, 0.10906494308873181, -0.050237575732851335, 0.1704305261010253, 0.027150553629060624, 0.07711020103582678, 0.27825484883352897, 0.1755255519677579, 0.031241362610233636, 0.2071047446853651, -0.10874651336063543, -0.11677536974749426, -0.2288767781013446, -0.1697044368955667, -0.21432099048469733, 0.004237643079356338, -0.073898644049216, -0.15263988594286634, 0.3634394124986427, 0.14970037502909664, 0.21623269271404638, -0.05677714928335435, 0.25490429573420464, 0.15031904471956575, 0.05983940785220505, -0.02745095452117006, 0.3229897983820878, 0.14719880849673636, 0.03743209354035611, -0.309223817629964, -0.047339543532818065, 0.06542100066686199] |
711.2976 | XMM-Newton and Broad Iron Lines | Iron line emission is common in the X-ray spectra of accreting black holes.
When the line emission is broad or variable then it is likely to originate from
close to the black hole. X-ray irradiation of the accretion flow by the
power-law X-ray continuum produces the X-ray 'reflection' spectrum which
includes the iron line. The shape and variability of the iron lines and
reflection can be used as a diagnostic of the radius, velocity and nature of
the flow. The inner radius of the dense flow corresponds to the innermost
stable circular orbit and thus can be used to determine the spin of the black
hole. Studies of broad iron lines and reflection spectra offer much promise for
understanding how the inner parts of accretion flows (and outflows) around
black holes operate. There remains great potential for XMM-Newton to continue
to make significant progress in this work. The need for high quality spectra
and thus for long exposure times is paramount.
| astro-ph | iron line emission is common in the xray spectra of accreting black holes when the line emission is broad or variable then it is likely to originate from close to the black hole xray irradiation of the accretion flow by the powerlaw xray continuum produces the xray reflection spectrum which includes the iron line the shape and variability of the iron lines and reflection can be used as a diagnostic of the radius velocity and nature of the flow the inner radius of the dense flow corresponds to the innermost stable circular orbit and thus can be used to determine the spin of the black hole studies of broad iron lines and reflection spectra offer much promise for understanding how the inner parts of accretion flows and outflows around black holes operate there remains great potential for xmmnewton to continue to make significant progress in this work the need for high quality spectra and thus for long exposure times is paramount | [['iron', 'line', 'emission', 'is', 'common', 'in', 'the', 'xray', 'spectra', 'of', 'accreting', 'black', 'holes', 'when', 'the', 'line', 'emission', 'is', 'broad', 'or', 'variable', 'then', 'it', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'originate', 'from', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'xray', 'irradiation', 'of', 'the', 'accretion', 'flow', 'by', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'xray', 'continuum', 'produces', 'the', 'xray', 'reflection', 'spectrum', 'which', 'includes', 'the', 'iron', 'line', 'the', 'shape', 'and', 'variability', 'of', 'the', 'iron', 'lines', 'and', 'reflection', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'diagnostic', 'of', 'the', 'radius', 'velocity', 'and', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'flow', 'the', 'inner', 'radius', 'of', 'the', 'dense', 'flow', 'corresponds', 'to', 'the', 'innermost', 'stable', 'circular', 'orbit', 'and', 'thus', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'spin', 'of', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'studies', 'of', 'broad', 'iron', 'lines', 'and', 'reflection', 'spectra', 'offer', 'much', 'promise', 'for', 'understanding', 'how', 'the', 'inner', 'parts', 'of', 'accretion', 'flows', 'and', 'outflows', 'around', 'black', 'holes', 'operate', 'there', 'remains', 'great', 'potential', 'for', 'xmmnewton', 'to', 'continue', 'to', 'make', 'significant', 'progress', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'the', 'need', 'for', 'high', 'quality', 'spectra', 'and', 'thus', 'for', 'long', 'exposure', 'times', 'is', 'paramount']] | [-0.0564667124139226, 0.09155192387272945, -0.04614717342676768, 0.08074828649665698, -0.09701239926052159, -0.11044789262705985, 0.018705873320642743, 0.44026368659753234, -0.20883159437477125, -0.32421391935706695, 0.10948081359177574, -0.31698528422991407, -0.005348831221391881, 0.22991898733260607, -0.03706368901737914, 0.024834397101416165, 0.015550055396482812, -0.04769137454282793, -0.06941113261048977, -0.16962729427118942, 0.3256939340596845, 0.10984515246027005, 0.21909646875577868, 0.04926424514739456, 0.009856139516504192, -0.023196601236574584, -0.006534930827639858, 0.0320544248303653, -0.1043468782626185, 0.11738717813415002, 0.2585933571449996, 0.11408310399755188, 0.1894795498550401, -0.3792700623489283, -0.2651626857992562, 0.05070839330600285, 0.18062569326482517, 0.046956158310365835, -0.05196925709660379, -0.20774347955933686, 0.06809115745358585, -0.18771409866637231, -0.19197527078842247, 0.012754573712345237, 0.0799160360080994, 0.0016684354577930817, -0.1973512940779791, 0.09087011353358604, 0.08419957274414877, 0.0017958491836726573, -0.10993807812464303, -0.010486116699342216, -0.07395000059319579, 0.1274427250007772, 0.10689657396905888, 0.009269693114372514, 0.2016079743936519, -0.11166921698037095, -0.05450712925297503, 0.41227278279962004, -0.043257598079717866, -0.018330067676717635, 0.20422274128155007, -0.23325343842340507, -0.11220878634821646, 0.25161446873908455, 0.1690941774026022, 0.1582836109063131, -0.10451592602060243, 0.024279371920975956, -0.03018178872370757, 0.2345415262985535, 0.06138059622405664, 0.0511192915750008, 0.40627277518119315, 0.10774640190148992, 0.027894546218528788, 0.13222101242758727, -0.1958217383449122, -0.019337857207167686, -0.21792773547241037, -0.13227794435661958, -0.11004294760768181, 0.09890793491102848, -0.09465458126305183, -0.18072108296758455, 0.3478996858336263, 0.09475794311841336, 0.22174749459481294, -0.0518663072754681, 0.29660489972665804, 0.12072513928645585, 0.06483453405827215, 0.10926541219999066, 0.32159702776011473, 0.1719424171353002, 0.13031112403834458, -0.2567470192559272, 0.05905331372173492, 0.008989336634320872] |
711.2977 | Rare D Decays | We discuss several recent measurements of rare charmed hadron decays. Focus
is placed on radiative and annihilation topologies highlighting their
sensitivity to new physics and pointing out the strengths and weaknesses of
different channels. We compare the different measurement techniques employed at
fixed target and $e^+e^-$ dedicated charm experiments, B-factories, and the
Tevatron experiments. Comparisons are also made to similar topologies in the
beauty, strange, and top systems where appropriate.
| hep-ex | we discuss several recent measurements of rare charmed hadron decays focus is placed on radiative and annihilation topologies highlighting their sensitivity to new physics and pointing out the strengths and weaknesses of different channels we compare the different measurement techniques employed at fixed target and ee dedicated charm experiments bfactories and the tevatron experiments comparisons are also made to similar topologies in the beauty strange and top systems where appropriate | [['we', 'discuss', 'several', 'recent', 'measurements', 'of', 'rare', 'charmed', 'hadron', 'decays', 'focus', 'is', 'placed', 'on', 'radiative', 'and', 'annihilation', 'topologies', 'highlighting', 'their', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'new', 'physics', 'and', 'pointing', 'out', 'the', 'strengths', 'and', 'weaknesses', 'of', 'different', 'channels', 'we', 'compare', 'the', 'different', 'measurement', 'techniques', 'employed', 'at', 'fixed', 'target', 'and', 'ee', 'dedicated', 'charm', 'experiments', 'bfactories', 'and', 'the', 'tevatron', 'experiments', 'comparisons', 'are', 'also', 'made', 'to', 'similar', 'topologies', 'in', 'the', 'beauty', 'strange', 'and', 'top', 'systems', 'where', 'appropriate']] | [-0.060827429702372426, 0.1688703205303422, -0.05866574297126915, 0.14984539737426011, -0.06807048284182592, -0.18923286905379166, 0.09515917588557515, 0.3716633452102542, -0.20405583695641585, -0.24433703285508923, 0.022352593383818332, -0.3888321971121643, 0.009577076522899526, 0.19109586721419225, 0.08937082895343858, 0.15400890009477736, 0.13547738434613815, -0.03225058191123285, -0.09547382130986079, -0.2608973353835089, 0.3087886570420648, 0.08942872751504183, 0.2628475593868643, 0.16483647541276047, 0.009608164732344448, -0.01921252813855452, -0.13220489895902574, -0.033508216416729346, -0.13525311543739268, 0.0598312785998652, 0.23764682138072593, 0.12623843364750167, 0.1510260614965643, -0.42933613075209515, -0.08366468717743243, 0.11694618645789367, 0.12803831433744303, 0.08775602295728667, -0.07986707640312878, -0.3680525791964361, 0.1081676572627787, -0.17173837318883411, -0.05220559846742877, -0.11479411039368383, 0.0018671573713488344, 0.028519782716674463, -0.25607482586055996, -0.0428893995641764, -0.07766018624284438, 0.08168450423649379, 0.019739687209948897, -0.2681971199810505, 0.011626479222572275, 0.1106531897692808, 0.11175548411307058, 0.013235550706407853, 0.18953903763155852, -0.17051071054302155, -0.20620813095676047, 0.360963431426457, -0.04071875088681866, -0.17345270865064646, 0.29790509173846136, -0.17500490045973233, -0.16694729639815964, 0.04785385090861902, 0.26517839201592974, 0.07965012669031109, -0.1769818910264543, 0.07383897250817556, 0.020245872567673878, 0.11028217705897987, 0.05589582991254117, 0.09414144342632166, 0.2085090312840683, 0.2341819510396038, -0.037039236225453874, 0.09412038668191859, -0.13119338705603564, -0.10481539956693138, -0.3468927621043154, -0.07409181262233427, -0.0561768168051328, -0.003987743624020368, -0.013810554531352994, -0.004264162613877229, 0.39392378029546565, 0.15320608530725752, 0.28381225104842867, -0.05702862476464361, 0.32311739556358327, 0.005778093198646924, 0.02811217807965087, 0.03315649300680629, 0.32289519640991265, 0.1673377857164139, 0.16698199358236576, -0.24316282521633964, 0.021899389690120837, -0.018729822344279716] |
711.2978 | Stochastic Mechanics as a Gauge Theory | We show that non-relativistic Quantum Mechanics can be faithfully represented
in terms of a classical diffusion process endowed with a gauge symmetry of
group Z_4. The representation is based on a quantization condition for the
realized action along paths. A lattice regularization is introduced to make
rigorous sense of the construction and then removed. Quantum mechanics is
recovered in the continuum limit and the full U(1) gauge group symmetry of
electro-magnetism appears. Anti-particle representations emerge naturally,
albeit the context is non-relativistic. Quantum density matrices are obtained
by averaging classical probability distributions over phase-action variables.
We find that quantum conditioning can be described in classical terms but not
through the standard notion of sub sigma-algebras. Delicate restrictions arise
by the constraint that we are only interested in the algebra of gauge invariant
random variables. We conclude that Quantum Mechanics is equivalent to a theory
of gauge invariant classical stochastic processes we call Stochastic Mechanics.
| math.PR math-ph math.MP | we show that nonrelativistic quantum mechanics can be faithfully represented in terms of a classical diffusion process endowed with a gauge symmetry of group z_4 the representation is based on a quantization condition for the realized action along paths a lattice regularization is introduced to make rigorous sense of the construction and then removed quantum mechanics is recovered in the continuum limit and the full u1 gauge group symmetry of electromagnetism appears antiparticle representations emerge naturally albeit the context is nonrelativistic quantum density matrices are obtained by averaging classical probability distributions over phaseaction variables we find that quantum conditioning can be described in classical terms but not through the standard notion of sub sigmaalgebras delicate restrictions arise by the constraint that we are only interested in the algebra of gauge invariant random variables we conclude that quantum mechanics is equivalent to a theory of gauge invariant classical stochastic processes we call stochastic mechanics | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'nonrelativistic', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'can', 'be', 'faithfully', 'represented', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'a', 'classical', 'diffusion', 'process', 'endowed', 'with', 'a', 'gauge', 'symmetry', 'of', 'group', 'z_4', 'the', 'representation', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'quantization', 'condition', 'for', 'the', 'realized', 'action', 'along', 'paths', 'a', 'lattice', 'regularization', 'is', 'introduced', 'to', 'make', 'rigorous', 'sense', 'of', 'the', 'construction', 'and', 'then', 'removed', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'is', 'recovered', 'in', 'the', 'continuum', 'limit', 'and', 'the', 'full', 'u1', 'gauge', 'group', 'symmetry', 'of', 'electromagnetism', 'appears', 'antiparticle', 'representations', 'emerge', 'naturally', 'albeit', 'the', 'context', 'is', 'nonrelativistic', 'quantum', 'density', 'matrices', 'are', 'obtained', 'by', 'averaging', 'classical', 'probability', 'distributions', 'over', 'phaseaction', 'variables', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'quantum', 'conditioning', 'can', 'be', 'described', 'in', 'classical', 'terms', 'but', 'not', 'through', 'the', 'standard', 'notion', 'of', 'sub', 'sigmaalgebras', 'delicate', 'restrictions', 'arise', 'by', 'the', 'constraint', 'that', 'we', 'are', 'only', 'interested', 'in', 'the', 'algebra', 'of', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'random', 'variables', 'we', 'conclude', 'that', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'a', 'theory', 'of', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'classical', 'stochastic', 'processes', 'we', 'call', 'stochastic', 'mechanics']] | [-0.1325692271577856, 0.21771483909412237, -0.12755206202794062, 0.10642817823067592, -0.08675709319006848, -0.1507348143832611, 0.008572355527767764, 0.34028714785726105, -0.3099289446101083, -0.23387629158892914, 0.05806531315350807, -0.22192224156797716, -0.17228807578794658, 0.1261634376745573, -0.12042409400333111, 0.035520133252966365, 0.05668434554076827, 0.07752268523051355, -0.12734325955266526, -0.23225777350537674, 0.3019846167935133, 0.006294123698975646, 0.26592512913415894, -0.015040525811185179, 0.15584804104276517, 0.04704828026986338, -0.022848329830020175, 0.04290642614451874, -0.0804226281143201, 0.08513953678898122, 0.2269512815554136, 0.07447196538315008, 0.2041241595273421, -0.4292901660082862, -0.24972836152894734, 0.09867232091920941, 0.1337865093063508, 0.11407701918659241, 0.003134556015873769, -0.32819658068183344, 0.06764392131988547, -0.16564973227459154, -0.12848814490165464, -0.09249485566981189, -0.041131263712151464, -0.05929191580569176, -0.24679707301057582, 0.08923356564053775, 0.07862141507058895, 0.067716777474791, 0.0012175316530230798, -0.05536559309908434, -0.023622075385279266, 0.05605619744164869, 0.034901191785090636, 0.02038011095780683, 0.158300621261955, -0.1284445292457301, -0.1696054681172092, 0.4415692758844479, -0.05187567622756193, -0.2822173245582043, 0.14022077185463308, -0.12217025122931534, -0.1738395607558471, 0.07634633418331903, 0.08853750334635965, 0.08962619019439444, -0.13352090591184892, 0.20172602175601864, -0.07962698959760785, 0.11502497411473948, 0.04550781568487812, 0.0652777972955894, 0.18569527379785492, 0.054203340826605106, 0.06385482606741502, 0.10394806441572176, 0.022502098975421273, -0.22670503370892747, -0.38978414139465284, -0.16920863072817538, -0.18866857638625478, 0.13647237711742682, -0.08635222934792278, -0.15342573373345658, 0.3287597317463032, 0.12891081256461084, 0.16689014833996466, 0.07534796437309858, 0.20035940970410593, 0.19886241343460584, 0.04972852091611314, 0.03208720280810284, 0.19316270340564906, 0.2049759718693646, 0.01263327425649071, -0.18289530688075742, -0.015318886608216226, 0.15154109606488705] |
711.2979 | The Local Group dwarf Leo T: HI on the brink of star formation | We present Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and Westerbork ynthesis
Radio Telescope (WSRT) observations of the recently discovered Local Group
dwarf galaxy, Leo T. The peak HI column density is measured to be 7x10^20
cm^-2, and the total HI mass is 2.8Xx10^5 Msun, based on a distance of 420 kpc.
Leo T has both cold (~ 500 K) and warm (~ 6000 K) HI at its core, with a global
velocity dispersion of 6.9 km/s, from which we derive a dynamical mass within
the HI radius of 3.3x10^6 Msun, and a mass-to-light ratio of greater than 50.
We calculate the Jeans mass from the radial profiles of the HI column density
and velocity dispersion, and predict that the gas should be globally stable
against star formation. This finding is inconsistent with the half light radius
of Leo T, which extends to 170 pc, and indicates that local conditions must
determine where star formation takes place. Leo T is not only the lowest
luminosity galaxy with on-going star formation discovered to date, it is also
the most dark matter dominated, gas-rich dwarf in the Local Group.
| astro-ph | we present giant meterwave radio telescope gmrt and westerbork ynthesis radio telescope wsrt observations of the recently discovered local group dwarf galaxy leo t the peak hi column density is measured to be 7x1020 cm2 and the total hi mass is 28xx105 msun based on a distance of 420 kpc leo t has both cold 500 k and warm 6000 k hi at its core with a global velocity dispersion of 69 kms from which we derive a dynamical mass within the hi radius of 33x106 msun and a masstolight ratio of greater than 50 we calculate the jeans mass from the radial profiles of the hi column density and velocity dispersion and predict that the gas should be globally stable against star formation this finding is inconsistent with the half light radius of leo t which extends to 170 pc and indicates that local conditions must determine where star formation takes place leo t is not only the lowest luminosity galaxy with ongoing star formation discovered to date it is also the most dark matter dominated gasrich dwarf in the local group | [['we', 'present', 'giant', 'meterwave', 'radio', 'telescope', 'gmrt', 'and', 'westerbork', 'ynthesis', 'radio', 'telescope', 'wsrt', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'recently', 'discovered', 'local', 'group', 'dwarf', 'galaxy', 'leo', 't', 'the', 'peak', 'hi', 'column', 'density', 'is', 'measured', 'to', 'be', '7x1020', 'cm2', 'and', 'the', 'total', 'hi', 'mass', 'is', '28xx105', 'msun', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'distance', 'of', '420', 'kpc', 'leo', 't', 'has', 'both', 'cold', '500', 'k', 'and', 'warm', '6000', 'k', 'hi', 'at', 'its', 'core', 'with', 'a', 'global', 'velocity', 'dispersion', 'of', '69', 'kms', 'from', 'which', 'we', 'derive', 'a', 'dynamical', 'mass', 'within', 'the', 'hi', 'radius', 'of', '33x106', 'msun', 'and', 'a', 'masstolight', 'ratio', 'of', 'greater', 'than', '50', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'jeans', 'mass', 'from', 'the', 'radial', 'profiles', 'of', 'the', 'hi', 'column', 'density', 'and', 'velocity', 'dispersion', 'and', 'predict', 'that', 'the', 'gas', 'should', 'be', 'globally', 'stable', 'against', 'star', 'formation', 'this', 'finding', 'is', 'inconsistent', 'with', 'the', 'half', 'light', 'radius', 'of', 'leo', 't', 'which', 'extends', 'to', '170', 'pc', 'and', 'indicates', 'that', 'local', 'conditions', 'must', 'determine', 'where', 'star', 'formation', 'takes', 'place', 'leo', 't', 'is', 'not', 'only', 'the', 'lowest', 'luminosity', 'galaxy', 'with', 'ongoing', 'star', 'formation', 'discovered', 'to', 'date', 'it', 'is', 'also', 'the', 'most', 'dark', 'matter', 'dominated', 'gasrich', 'dwarf', 'in', 'the', 'local', 'group']] | [-0.09373772800414978, 0.10603952076667661, -0.07501260852441191, 0.03798072533164587, -0.12857884439872577, -0.064561025247935, 0.047475142302250285, 0.40813344054751927, -0.12127652908610698, -0.3496978129622423, 0.054340339014177313, -0.27239472146870364, -0.005510366382077336, 0.14294738653180603, 0.029303491191886778, -0.050782357293064705, 0.01370617714839884, -0.04286499156150967, -0.07567902972093887, -0.27325933324690493, 0.2581093760000335, 0.09623478988392485, 0.14414247535557176, -0.015324383355780609, 0.0900516591552231, -0.14810400551197947, -0.08017058563418686, -0.05476946490816772, -0.18871271633842196, -0.01757520605913467, 0.217288302961323, 0.1355624185034281, 0.21362496511622642, -0.3170773232769635, -0.1717009680352122, 0.06959803412771887, 0.17779454063210223, -0.008121156164755424, -0.056946136959595606, -0.29874920966879775, 0.1254404635168612, -0.2309306797131689, -0.21661020105627055, 0.12414590360389816, 0.11909799600382232, 0.019703762644591432, -0.22572438718699334, 0.18337853287796155, -0.05021219221541994, 0.08689073041184908, -0.11246102317301039, -0.12630558613648948, -0.09711393942642543, 0.001329856753970186, -0.03072240518587124, 0.10939945243816408, 0.251871322056589, -0.09324258725650401, 0.09070350524658959, 0.4295335761271417, -0.12910334048639116, 0.08186987537192181, 0.2376207841029908, -0.23417742276667722, -0.17379645323380827, 0.1499628574690885, 0.1316449499171641, 0.07298499940791064, -0.1492923349245555, 0.0344666473913498, -0.07697944675003075, 0.2534992472475602, 0.07815902684427177, 0.04770606100420183, 0.348456350983017, 0.09551176747190766, 0.11559370224389973, 0.014416396771169578, -0.2954152902216366, -0.01656549067960845, -0.18918141354806722, -0.1042906909249723, -0.14516421774234106, 0.09352371262316915, -0.1210620060402208, -0.06081824861984286, 0.32247130922817935, 0.08064516054776807, 0.274565919338622, 0.10122528336036743, 0.32615303833865456, 0.10116106464799184, 0.1465659994813096, 0.18057764685816236, 0.2860347809166544, 0.24597946407480373, 0.06330111514932166, -0.2641770409859924, 0.04104199241588099, 0.012229553423821926] |
711.298 | Stochastic Integrals and Abelian Processes | We study triangulation schemes for the joint kernel of a diffusion process
with uniformly continuous coefficients and an adapted, non-resonant Abelian
process. The prototypical example of Abelian process to which our methods apply
is given by stochastic integrals with uniformly continuous coeffcients. The
range of applicability includes also a broader class of processes of practical
relevance, such as the sup process and certain discrete time summations we
discuss. We discretize the space coordinate in uniform steps and assume that
time is either continuous or finely discretized as in a fully explicit Euler
method and the Courant condition is satisfied. We show that the Fourier
transform of the joint kernel of a diffusion and a stochastic integral
converges in a uniform graph norm associated to the Markov generator.
Convergence also implies smoothness properties for the Fourier transform of the
joint kernel. Stochastic integrals are straightforward to define for finite
triangulations and the convergence result gives a new and entirely constructive
way of defining stochastic integrals in the continuum. The method relies on a
reinterpretation and extension of the classic theorems by Feynman-Kac,
Girsanov, Ito and Cameron-Martin, which are also re-obtained. We make use of a
path-wise analysis without relying on a probabilistic interpretation. The
Fourier representation is needed to regularize the hypo-elliptic character of
the joint process of a diffusion and an adapted stochastic integral. The
argument extends as long as the Fourier analysis framework can be generalized.
This condition leads to the notion of non-resonant Abelian process.
| math.PR | we study triangulation schemes for the joint kernel of a diffusion process with uniformly continuous coefficients and an adapted nonresonant abelian process the prototypical example of abelian process to which our methods apply is given by stochastic integrals with uniformly continuous coeffcients the range of applicability includes also a broader class of processes of practical relevance such as the sup process and certain discrete time summations we discuss we discretize the space coordinate in uniform steps and assume that time is either continuous or finely discretized as in a fully explicit euler method and the courant condition is satisfied we show that the fourier transform of the joint kernel of a diffusion and a stochastic integral converges in a uniform graph norm associated to the markov generator convergence also implies smoothness properties for the fourier transform of the joint kernel stochastic integrals are straightforward to define for finite triangulations and the convergence result gives a new and entirely constructive way of defining stochastic integrals in the continuum the method relies on a reinterpretation and extension of the classic theorems by feynmankac girsanov ito and cameronmartin which are also reobtained we make use of a pathwise analysis without relying on a probabilistic interpretation the fourier representation is needed to regularize the hypoelliptic character of the joint process of a diffusion and an adapted stochastic integral the argument extends as long as the fourier analysis framework can be generalized this condition leads to the notion of nonresonant abelian process | [['we', 'study', 'triangulation', 'schemes', 'for', 'the', 'joint', 'kernel', 'of', 'a', 'diffusion', 'process', 'with', 'uniformly', 'continuous', 'coefficients', 'and', 'an', 'adapted', 'nonresonant', 'abelian', 'process', 'the', 'prototypical', 'example', 'of', 'abelian', 'process', 'to', 'which', 'our', 'methods', 'apply', 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711.2981 | Bjorken model with Freeze Out | The freeze out of the expanding systems, created in relativistic heavy ion
collisions, is discussed. We combine Bjorken scenario with earlier developed
freeze out equations into a unified model. The important feature of the
proposed model is that physical freeze out is completely finished in a finite
time, which can be varied from 0 (freeze out hypersurface) to infinity. The
dependence of the post freeze out distribution function on this freeze out time
will be studied. As an example model is completely solved and analyzed for the
gas of pions.
| nucl-th | the freeze out of the expanding systems created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is discussed we combine bjorken scenario with earlier developed freeze out equations into a unified model the important feature of the proposed model is that physical freeze out is completely finished in a finite time which can be varied from 0 freeze out hypersurface to infinity the dependence of the post freeze out distribution function on this freeze out time will be studied as an example model is completely solved and analyzed for the gas of pions | [['the', 'freeze', 'out', 'of', 'the', 'expanding', 'systems', 'created', 'in', 'relativistic', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'is', 'discussed', 'we', 'combine', 'bjorken', 'scenario', 'with', 'earlier', 'developed', 'freeze', 'out', 'equations', 'into', 'a', 'unified', 'model', 'the', 'important', 'feature', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'model', 'is', 'that', 'physical', 'freeze', 'out', 'is', 'completely', 'finished', 'in', 'a', 'finite', 'time', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'varied', 'from', '0', 'freeze', 'out', 'hypersurface', 'to', 'infinity', 'the', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'post', 'freeze', 'out', 'distribution', 'function', 'on', 'this', 'freeze', 'out', 'time', 'will', 'be', 'studied', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'model', 'is', 'completely', 'solved', 'and', 'analyzed', 'for', 'the', 'gas', 'of', 'pions']] | [-0.0725994861639467, 0.17634613444242858, -0.19443912798952726, 0.06221579634972538, -0.010600743970523277, -0.1772573294221527, 0.01164528512292438, 0.3329295797066556, -0.26909367396599715, -0.1975791878791319, 0.0822345282494401, -0.2781418847851455, -0.009842217312608328, 0.11775175219453457, 0.05578834234426419, 0.04091269301974939, 0.04691802938986156, 0.02284630292819606, -0.05850710555031482, -0.2929508754569623, 0.28153298556183776, 0.1379248831110696, 0.20366580379842264, 0.09741969153078066, 0.10626258439604297, -0.02357001773909562, -0.04811621199672421, 0.04346859376463625, -0.08438726689758672, -0.07041136049374472, 0.26252734661102295, 0.1123029512198021, 0.24915231615304947, -0.44799736907912624, -0.2556086632837024, 0.11009022590393822, 0.20186673848786288, 0.11305413435604553, -0.02618095217815911, -0.25114682350928585, 0.06541877881520325, -0.1888296884484589, -0.1803444067779411, -0.07719262311648992, 0.0034901702983511818, -0.03207306355341441, -0.22599897881348927, 0.06099236455435554, 0.07993659045702467, 0.024787913107623658, -0.053250495101221734, -0.10721739960006542, -0.05529358946821756, 0.05849582586799645, 0.039433785449040845, 0.029956994666200547, 0.17321424911626512, -0.06887548234080895, 0.006276246191312869, 0.4031095788089765, -0.04846954700640506, -0.18589577690905168, 0.14383506197999749, -0.1119221543479297, -0.14906623263636398, 0.15039796752130818, 0.17263665364848244, 0.1731487673500346, -0.19668918267513316, 0.07529508154774602, -0.04411494388348526, 0.16808785656422615, 0.10222343190883597, -0.052677560902925004, 0.266854068191929, 0.18880821894336905, -0.026554051196823518, 0.18888235045095725, -0.042174863990617775, -0.19801003059579267, -0.33387578930447087, -0.13674489734694362, -0.11166592251716388, 0.07064259757753462, -0.03670116678485, -0.0758038545337816, 0.34557945525480643, 0.16930833285570973, 0.26290926521437036, -0.030558505021811774, 0.2485030997544527, 0.13029702426736348, 0.10130217318009171, 0.048953151216523515, 0.23756311761422289, 0.08720768001189248, 0.15987208964199656, -0.22433334392650675, 0.050195439009823734, 0.04320717363670054] |
711.2982 | Thermodynamic inadmissibility of the incompressible hydrodynamics
description of turbulent stratified fluid flows at low Mach numbers | The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations currently represent the primary
model for describing stratified turbulent fluid flows at low Mach number. The
validity of the incompressible assumption, however, has so far only been
rigorously established for adiabatic motions. Here, we show from first principl
es that the use of available energetics and thermodynamics considerations
applied to a turbulent mixing event associated with stratified shear flow
instability r efutes the widespread idea that the incompressible assumption is
also valid when diabatic irreversible effects are important. The main
consequence is that dynamics and thermodynamics are strongly coupled in
stratified turbulence. This departs strongly from the currently accepted
wisdom, and calls for a complete revisiting of the physical processes governing
stratified turbulence at low Mach numbers.
| physics.flu-dyn physics.ao-ph | the incompressible navierstokes equations currently represent the primary model for describing stratified turbulent fluid flows at low mach number the validity of the incompressible assumption however has so far only been rigorously established for adiabatic motions here we show from first principl es that the use of available energetics and thermodynamics considerations applied to a turbulent mixing event associated with stratified shear flow instability r efutes the widespread idea that the incompressible assumption is also valid when diabatic irreversible effects are important the main consequence is that dynamics and thermodynamics are strongly coupled in stratified turbulence this departs strongly from the currently accepted wisdom and calls for a complete revisiting of the physical processes governing stratified turbulence at low mach numbers | [['the', 'incompressible', 'navierstokes', 'equations', 'currently', 'represent', 'the', 'primary', 'model', 'for', 'describing', 'stratified', 'turbulent', 'fluid', 'flows', 'at', 'low', 'mach', 'number', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'incompressible', 'assumption', 'however', 'has', 'so', 'far', 'only', 'been', 'rigorously', 'established', 'for', 'adiabatic', 'motions', 'here', 'we', 'show', 'from', 'first', 'principl', 'es', 'that', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'available', 'energetics', 'and', 'thermodynamics', 'considerations', 'applied', 'to', 'a', 'turbulent', 'mixing', 'event', 'associated', 'with', 'stratified', 'shear', 'flow', 'instability', 'r', 'efutes', 'the', 'widespread', 'idea', 'that', 'the', 'incompressible', 'assumption', 'is', 'also', 'valid', 'when', 'diabatic', 'irreversible', 'effects', 'are', 'important', 'the', 'main', 'consequence', 'is', 'that', 'dynamics', 'and', 'thermodynamics', 'are', 'strongly', 'coupled', 'in', 'stratified', 'turbulence', 'this', 'departs', 'strongly', 'from', 'the', 'currently', 'accepted', 'wisdom', 'and', 'calls', 'for', 'a', 'complete', 'revisiting', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'processes', 'governing', 'stratified', 'turbulence', 'at', 'low', 'mach', 'numbers']] | [-0.12985276991693193, 0.21441235477809145, -0.09230404755711055, 0.10139850673105318, -0.06570813449944894, -0.09127876769062601, -0.024907185105184297, 0.2595543500129916, -0.29161739033185136, -0.26002936206069316, 0.09540095895493575, -0.22328337326943248, -0.09541326154712118, 0.19516842447401284, -0.016581267505852867, 0.08131522813639722, 0.052259447515801284, -0.050069731828451404, 0.011506771369438087, -0.16532036258659066, 0.3360406341140761, 0.06750860077743771, 0.3288534671310805, 9.827489549873256e-05, 0.09149503875954249, -0.08128803284416179, -0.037434379914540704, 0.06743802873715132, -0.20188285565259817, 0.023280922088678144, 0.23745076868197873, 0.05404409805524061, 0.281367087632539, -0.4737999285453883, -0.28888580236709166, 0.010724300557763135, 0.1587525351724329, 0.10551770039938758, -0.024920181486708652, -0.19154129105721826, 0.0722562047386808, -0.16769426882642657, -0.1532644360568844, -0.03856112217499303, 0.04348971286373792, 0.056959042301158884, -0.2453080025147412, 0.15881682205881664, 0.10482179138715528, 0.09305797809096124, -0.08059788604380422, -0.04493868251491588, -0.08746823701350127, 0.0865715643414981, 0.09081769269840213, -0.010247278919427836, 0.14155877202342287, -0.16105260688443707, -0.03022009655520195, 0.43770936722358483, -0.0344065668202248, -0.22396139311408544, 0.27237024206566396, -0.15799605896492966, -0.1412364300086061, 0.1671619869165999, 0.1483428246153816, 0.10022903227309908, -0.10158346910208185, 0.07159222284343657, -0.0811040463442562, 0.13499134503688445, 0.04006424744636947, -0.056517262837434766, 0.21140170161917554, 0.17730643390286557, 0.03576430988286724, 0.07980540218301305, -0.06515705947883568, -0.16707129564386705, -0.33642891217649235, -0.14074059278790316, -0.17475072800440072, 0.09853464246437955, -0.05551274031943137, -0.1729549974703989, 0.2757091393279491, 0.19353664272754384, 0.08453266864090751, 0.018355831809091467, 0.3393089334566553, 0.11541425922353353, -0.019482551283445677, 0.17598833817941675, 0.31167456960822104, 0.21022753593582316, 0.11495812443092841, -0.19500665604567327, 0.0878261266816251, 0.09890773877924104] |
711.2983 | Dijet and photon-jet correlations in proton-proton collisions at RHIC | We discuss correlations in azimuthal angle as well as correlations in
two-dimensional space of transverse momenta of two jets as well as photon and
jet. Some $k_t$-factorization subprocesses are included for the first time in
the literature. Different unintegrated gluon/parton distributions are used in
the $k_t$-factorization approach. The results depend on UGDF/UPDF used. The
collinear NLO $2 \to 3$ contributions dominate over $k_t$-factorization cross
section at small relative azimuthal angles as well as for asymmetric transverse
momentum configurations.
| nucl-th astro-ph hep-ph | we discuss correlations in azimuthal angle as well as correlations in twodimensional space of transverse momenta of two jets as well as photon and jet some k_tfactorization subprocesses are included for the first time in the literature different unintegrated gluonparton distributions are used in the k_tfactorization approach the results depend on ugdfupdf used the collinear nlo 2 to 3 contributions dominate over k_tfactorization cross section at small relative azimuthal angles as well as for asymmetric transverse momentum configurations | [['we', 'discuss', 'correlations', 'in', 'azimuthal', 'angle', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'correlations', 'in', 'twodimensional', 'space', 'of', 'transverse', 'momenta', 'of', 'two', 'jets', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'photon', 'and', 'jet', 'some', 'k_tfactorization', 'subprocesses', 'are', 'included', 'for', 'the', 'first', 'time', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'different', 'unintegrated', 'gluonparton', 'distributions', 'are', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'k_tfactorization', 'approach', 'the', 'results', 'depend', 'on', 'ugdfupdf', 'used', 'the', 'collinear', 'nlo', '2', 'to', '3', 'contributions', 'dominate', 'over', 'k_tfactorization', 'cross', 'section', 'at', 'small', 'relative', 'azimuthal', 'angles', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'for', 'asymmetric', 'transverse', 'momentum', 'configurations']] | [-0.07677571394910607, 0.198286252329126, -0.0929133702839653, 0.20478847487352025, -0.00228023114733589, -0.026886037694147, -0.09848447431189318, 0.45686491808066, -0.18502326503109473, -0.2645965949393427, -0.03603806040990047, -0.2908861023158981, 0.04039832037419845, 0.1845885536943873, 0.06264782971583116, 0.12067360129619303, 0.02426743210078432, -0.05695208632506621, -0.06550093951563422, -0.1784076290921523, 0.3667589615409573, 0.00884740458180507, 0.23421310177311683, 0.14995554982660672, 0.08827247484945334, 0.13574772054114595, -0.07259327129651912, 0.0056238613648859495, -0.10512248618910328, -0.039993048508245595, 0.303526593819977, -0.004112773336088046, 0.10165543438480922, -0.36338602168819845, -0.08246964845472039, 0.001156184607400344, 0.21777635105013943, 0.0859616566927005, 0.05501461583219516, -0.21667706825507757, -0.002440638805870922, -0.2624455891603317, -0.1451718696551278, -0.11170818481164482, 0.003520805352868942, 0.05726423550349397, -0.25724719221202225, 0.11387847559168361, 0.0032608427652284708, 0.030868713206683215, 0.0156284524127841, -0.25212002814842915, -0.09501462229467833, 0.09606771274374272, 0.14537991866326103, 0.10689504637430684, 0.16563854854291257, -0.15536037651010048, -0.22338388092481556, 0.37808725925592274, -0.026245143521242797, -0.23860442533324927, 0.11377477446475472, -0.23494574406112617, -0.13913559113951543, 0.14799047138494176, 0.27240847051143646, 0.15895798608089068, -0.10936874758679038, 0.039898592369027965, 0.00011969745780030887, 0.08378794075449547, 0.1160459012294618, 0.10205257741603045, 0.12644149069316113, 0.1105469664415488, -0.03709727046169484, 0.09189820765720633, -0.16148144602238274, -0.14948764112658608, -0.4510603823149816, -0.10705944634257601, -0.13263878737313625, -0.011493719767970152, -0.10311643204346556, -0.09419006008941394, 0.3880230823997408, 0.08828451318176797, 0.31403217791842347, 0.016621918274232976, 0.36898697435091704, 0.07133932304508889, 0.09082095741103284, 0.08062335807167423, 0.29583484659946035, 0.15916223377765468, 0.14173396661406001, -0.173691579594444, 0.06753110220261778, 0.04390021264314269] |
711.2984 | Estimation of microscopic averages from metadynamics | With the help of metadynamics it is possible to calculate efficiently the
free energy of systems displaying high energy barriers as a function of few
selected "collective variables". In doing this, the contribution of all the
other degrees of freedom ("microscopic" variables) is averaged out and, thus,
lost. In the following, it is shown that it is possible to calculate the
thermal average of these microscopic degrees of freedom during the
metadynamics, not loosing this piece of information.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft | with the help of metadynamics it is possible to calculate efficiently the free energy of systems displaying high energy barriers as a function of few selected collective variables in doing this the contribution of all the other degrees of freedom microscopic variables is averaged out and thus lost in the following it is shown that it is possible to calculate the thermal average of these microscopic degrees of freedom during the metadynamics not loosing this piece of information | [['with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'metadynamics', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'calculate', 'efficiently', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'of', 'systems', 'displaying', 'high', 'energy', 'barriers', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'few', 'selected', 'collective', 'variables', 'in', 'doing', 'this', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'other', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'microscopic', 'variables', 'is', 'averaged', 'out', 'and', 'thus', 'lost', 'in', 'the', 'following', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'thermal', 'average', 'of', 'these', 'microscopic', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'during', 'the', 'metadynamics', 'not', 'loosing', 'this', 'piece', 'of', 'information']] | [-0.13707557919238192, 0.16821779088618663, -0.12128031459780267, 0.06358482530161452, -0.041866928518105015, -0.08479825548756008, 0.0787432586404089, 0.33409289050942814, -0.31879968532862574, -0.352858504662529, 0.05110298201907426, -0.28315462408593306, -0.09461983812686342, 0.12972744808603937, -0.0169692856247704, -0.0027317222422705246, 0.024425017289244212, 0.07742241294815755, -0.026679664156220567, -0.2564876982703423, 0.2508331811867463, 0.12104301737287106, 0.21871418759035757, 0.05977927911907244, 0.157751724571706, 0.029782374084998783, -0.023618247986842807, -0.005470313382549928, -0.11758495867597492, 0.09550039407510597, 0.22713946286015785, 0.10258736842288038, 0.26067738863042533, -0.40480082460607475, -0.24353256381045169, 0.10532346857377352, 0.13243371611222243, 0.13748219036138976, 0.033466569864406034, -0.17617786320475623, 0.05749402773709825, -0.16727603252869672, -0.19015588211373258, -0.1203810628503561, 0.024548535354626484, 0.02612877417451296, -0.19713341638756296, 0.1120304063661024, 0.02305229510873174, 0.03290809899902879, -0.022575209967983074, -0.11980805062473966, -0.09208499403813711, 0.1527327613439411, 0.08865789907912795, 0.021496984352453206, 0.14647713852807498, -0.15729092789264634, -0.05450679410774356, 0.3828279482057461, 0.015150860510169504, -0.21794936353436264, 0.1926083837976106, -0.13628125197898883, -0.11325970669396412, 0.19181257240378705, 0.11146739745834985, 0.15154489050977504, -0.21494698251048341, 0.018919299451413397, 0.014774939296050714, 0.1717455428159342, 0.016331359290350705, 0.08762172170771429, 0.21358879504558176, 0.13535973255355388, 0.047672954686463646, 0.15954095745856206, -0.07169013685331894, -0.15035324986540496, -0.30165724984059733, -0.1836503661619738, -0.22673257604056302, 0.06048921109136128, -0.06912420272736852, -0.1257832911569261, 0.42086223245431215, 0.18020548307014486, 0.16924069815267545, -0.005723600314619641, 0.27160841537018615, 0.10769281814319608, 0.09533570805349602, 0.052305296170883454, 0.25945938220964027, 0.1123093518589695, 0.07350103180998793, -0.24680761400705728, 0.0526757018151096, -0.02252709891838141] |
711.2985 | Conical soliton escape into a third dimension of a surface vortex | We present an exact three-dimensional solitonic solution to a
sine-Gordon-type Euler-Lagrange equation, that describes a configuration of a
three-dimensional vector field n constrained to a surface p-vortex, with a
prescribed polar tilt angle on a planar substrate and escaping into the third
dimension in the bulk. The solution is relevant to characterization of a
schlieren texture in nematic liquid-crystal films with tangential (in-plane)
substrate alignment. The solution is identical to a section of a point defect
discovered many years ago by Saupe [Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 21, 211 (1973)],
when latter is restricted to a surface.
| cond-mat.soft | we present an exact threedimensional solitonic solution to a sinegordontype eulerlagrange equation that describes a configuration of a threedimensional vector field n constrained to a surface pvortex with a prescribed polar tilt angle on a planar substrate and escaping into the third dimension in the bulk the solution is relevant to characterization of a schlieren texture in nematic liquidcrystal films with tangential inplane substrate alignment the solution is identical to a section of a point defect discovered many years ago by saupe mol cryst liq cryst 21 211 1973 when latter is restricted to a surface | [['we', 'present', 'an', 'exact', 'threedimensional', 'solitonic', 'solution', 'to', 'a', 'sinegordontype', 'eulerlagrange', 'equation', 'that', 'describes', 'a', 'configuration', 'of', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'vector', 'field', 'n', 'constrained', 'to', 'a', 'surface', 'pvortex', 'with', 'a', 'prescribed', 'polar', 'tilt', 'angle', 'on', 'a', 'planar', 'substrate', 'and', 'escaping', 'into', 'the', 'third', 'dimension', 'in', 'the', 'bulk', 'the', 'solution', 'is', 'relevant', 'to', 'characterization', 'of', 'a', 'schlieren', 'texture', 'in', 'nematic', 'liquidcrystal', 'films', 'with', 'tangential', 'inplane', 'substrate', 'alignment', 'the', 'solution', 'is', 'identical', 'to', 'a', 'section', 'of', 'a', 'point', 'defect', 'discovered', 'many', 'years', 'ago', 'by', 'saupe', 'mol', 'cryst', 'liq', 'cryst', '21', '211', '1973', 'when', 'latter', 'is', 'restricted', 'to', 'a', 'surface']] | [-0.18023965618340299, 0.1308369694417403, -0.06629463048496594, -0.026571448825658688, -0.06977872623732158, -0.14458587999494435, 0.017232496708553906, 0.35052218542356667, -0.23293677919718903, -0.2676245754119009, 0.06796868381691941, -0.26970571059306775, -0.12800916582151936, 0.13459528909879737, -0.031906644154029586, 0.03972580755362287, 0.0009831216375459917, -0.019021198134093236, -0.09321286988900586, -0.2145332192509765, 0.23849615970781693, 0.009964125793582449, 0.27869350788144703, 0.02084498486753243, 0.1254255811800249, 0.005766871740585581, 0.07368524673802312, 0.05192613051622175, -0.19273484228362273, 0.09498864313839779, 0.19835637122256836, -0.014956384928761205, 0.18729600141644673, -0.3922662371963573, -0.19316103164843904, 0.020440309259962913, 0.11341281169249366, 0.14791407263449705, -0.05557737936881798, -0.27110283087434556, 0.09320297797482151, -0.10260839214849209, -0.20529326273147794, -0.007837968913615137, 0.0704491930482618, -0.041954989321917914, -0.2528768367677306, 0.07107032493998607, 0.06617019052403823, 0.08013652720061752, -0.11619410435863149, -0.07952861880767159, -0.10586969346816962, 0.005891292601215052, 0.0357106538079582, 0.1295622653681979, 0.10980440577016755, -0.1272972634518131, -0.07850374335854819, 0.37675786374893505, -0.06291457244443184, -0.20085074427576424, 0.1598971749578292, -0.13839209356713886, -0.07552620436278328, 0.22118837045369824, 0.1503748616038744, 0.13791530776992053, -0.1644862897890865, 0.10709187866632419, -0.087620685279641, 0.20987550567618504, 0.13012909306174456, -0.09037283420426927, 0.21567898773658575, 0.16660267449212066, 0.07222212227679847, 0.142000514131117, -0.11758053533897812, -0.06930257418935071, -0.23093942376362975, -0.20906440052082567, -0.1675507249989702, 0.09902515357437854, -0.07906841785586494, -0.2052550981849587, 0.3667995953001082, 0.03824063432936479, 0.18264460670373714, -0.02714276305050589, 0.23132873732053363, 0.03665986789080004, 0.03256014740812437, 0.06426620569254737, 0.25657352253620047, 0.19886799047526438, 0.11125943442069304, -0.1775847842169848, -0.016190769148427837, 0.12420866912968147] |
711.2986 | The role of uncertainties in parton distribution functions | I consider the uncertainties in parton distributions and the consequences for
hadronic cross-sections. There is ever-increasing sophistication in the
relationship between the uncertainties of the distributions and the errors on
the experimental data used to extract them. However, I demonstrate that this
uncertainty is frequently subsumed by that due to the choice of data used in
fits, and more surprisingly by the precise details of the theoretical framework
used. Variations in heavy flavour prescriptions provide striking examples.
| hep-ph | i consider the uncertainties in parton distributions and the consequences for hadronic crosssections there is everincreasing sophistication in the relationship between the uncertainties of the distributions and the errors on the experimental data used to extract them however i demonstrate that this uncertainty is frequently subsumed by that due to the choice of data used in fits and more surprisingly by the precise details of the theoretical framework used variations in heavy flavour prescriptions provide striking examples | [['i', 'consider', 'the', 'uncertainties', 'in', 'parton', 'distributions', 'and', 'the', 'consequences', 'for', 'hadronic', 'crosssections', 'there', 'is', 'everincreasing', 'sophistication', 'in', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'the', 'uncertainties', 'of', 'the', 'distributions', 'and', 'the', 'errors', 'on', 'the', 'experimental', 'data', 'used', 'to', 'extract', 'them', 'however', 'i', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'this', 'uncertainty', 'is', 'frequently', 'subsumed', 'by', 'that', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'choice', 'of', 'data', 'used', 'in', 'fits', 'and', 'more', 'surprisingly', 'by', 'the', 'precise', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'theoretical', 'framework', 'used', 'variations', 'in', 'heavy', 'flavour', 'prescriptions', 'provide', 'striking', 'examples']] | [-0.016487107767917022, 0.1043667329215239, -0.0940748333398785, 0.18035912889436903, -0.03344315474296545, -0.07296549204915351, 0.051736029808397414, 0.3684322957626798, -0.22061164132258915, -0.3302559007878427, 0.07084673347991782, -0.2752701027633308, -0.07694520163289331, 0.18298472334667074, -0.08997481483240406, 0.09795862911631922, 0.09761154062610555, -0.034049106062943264, -0.07479696565416533, -0.20342784260653637, 0.34785861734833035, 0.06395906906623344, 0.2864458096249924, 0.09031300855703749, 0.058122728875680985, -0.01335722944614562, -0.10944774703352482, -0.008945425960247392, -0.1568029091987145, 0.17534615114851335, 0.26246125919573526, 0.14683072019501456, 0.19803226525084927, -0.44749933234476424, -0.19868368343389653, 0.08033485070790176, 0.11215080430900509, 0.10334900527884096, -0.05085340322410331, -0.24016342041167346, 0.03650742872352047, -0.19116347120143473, -0.105952088043771, -0.11008534806647471, 0.06463135206201054, 0.021681866494731507, -0.26653048104618665, 0.07758976206751902, 0.009594157193001215, 0.0487596011998785, 0.008983718231320381, -0.16659534939068865, -0.010499571474244842, 0.12761560851683865, 0.12876648121882328, -0.008139889460516634, 0.10494991350773868, -0.14965347078169225, -0.117737416017728, 0.4445997667801264, -0.023516979576511818, -0.21756559945401047, 0.15792481840721198, -0.14541866497269698, -0.17141892586822632, 0.1014102294696374, 0.1825273290470049, 0.035212454859276196, -0.16286549264831202, 0.0682831015536114, 0.019226224561578704, 0.1600092009991988, -0.0012129948462371702, 0.03812222183355457, 0.17257132653869664, 0.14944493725242747, -0.019364620462156736, 0.0706547498219199, -0.08530541155041292, -0.09662007735195485, -0.35558474288842123, -0.05228548492123554, -0.10908179477994125, -0.010178051562375062, -0.07949553967046086, -0.10058231969354917, 0.38497084630774214, 0.23319311774420468, 0.261237216786808, -0.008619310443180723, 0.3213257033184364, 0.07191486633685115, 0.06828237035275474, 0.06457965915369523, 0.268701063432767, 0.14404147684758578, 0.10962938568736245, -0.21637878322659373, 0.15040329165829272, -0.03525256253355606] |
711.2987 | Almost positive curvature on the Gromoll-Meyer sphere | Gromoll and Meyer have represented a certain exotic 7-sphere $\Sigma^7$ as a
biquotient of the Lie group $G = Sp(2)$. We show for a 2-parameter family of
left invariant metrics on $G$ that the induced metric on $\Sigma^7$ has
strictly positive sectional curvature at all points outside four subvarieties
of codimension $\geq 1$ which we describe explicitly.
| math.DG | gromoll and meyer have represented a certain exotic 7sphere sigma7 as a biquotient of the lie group g sp2 we show for a 2parameter family of left invariant metrics on g that the induced metric on sigma7 has strictly positive sectional curvature at all points outside four subvarieties of codimension geq 1 which we describe explicitly | [['gromoll', 'and', 'meyer', 'have', 'represented', 'a', 'certain', 'exotic', '7sphere', 'sigma7', 'as', 'a', 'biquotient', 'of', 'the', 'lie', 'group', 'g', 'sp2', 'we', 'show', 'for', 'a', '2parameter', 'family', 'of', 'left', 'invariant', 'metrics', 'on', 'g', 'that', 'the', 'induced', 'metric', 'on', 'sigma7', 'has', 'strictly', 'positive', 'sectional', 'curvature', 'at', 'all', 'points', 'outside', 'four', 'subvarieties', 'of', 'codimension', 'geq', '1', 'which', 'we', 'describe', 'explicitly']] | [-0.21878531520013456, 0.10357551700521812, -0.0544890672037447, 0.055229441711196196, -0.07306075164254892, -0.17137362370784912, -0.020071144491710043, 0.3838327480825009, -0.2230070539398757, -0.1930173850549316, 0.07897175767424482, -0.3145707764283375, -0.16927110969468398, 0.16865471819484676, -0.11868161372667937, -0.029298052415941602, 0.010188962496748125, 0.14855803538941675, -0.09406363511785727, -0.26738238332068753, 0.4579111746408873, -0.10915569056480846, 0.18726893469553302, 0.06864175748907858, 0.1680049585799376, -0.05606745998159534, 0.03401534521469363, 0.05594775343693241, -0.20647009458305007, 0.10700342188270211, 0.23788324243354578, 0.0738837275809298, 0.21334210314563717, -0.2972017308498767, -0.19983517944260878, 0.19930454100378686, 0.1192757166163237, -0.04044480696837935, -0.018756155717979978, -0.31419262665116954, 0.1547020418069291, -0.14199356396717053, -0.17060148491765614, -0.09262091673358723, 0.0944097707375746, -0.05614067457995757, -0.16318380346314776, -0.0006138155823228535, 0.13497705195375062, 0.10945092818561804, -0.052594686651395425, -0.17576498413217012, -0.12958582564843474, 0.04734311643470493, -0.011758310271909943, 0.06355484496425898, 0.11365959851105732, -0.024724516882862965, -0.11869795975831544, 0.35510558819859633, -0.0859566825416146, -0.2561182333846335, 0.10517049618755225, -0.17059406200078903, -0.18220328862123467, 0.12020958777241132, 0.13751087251498742, 0.20439213739397624, -0.018348925574510185, 0.2160908690108314, -0.11378172359912207, 0.034202549219588506, 0.17016280067791403, -0.018764211287446046, 0.1446632705628872, 0.06483930241558011, 0.1364350186324575, 0.07108203194069641, 0.030028341795076376, 0.030400286204423064, -0.39359692697999654, -0.18583860406997027, -0.1304477566618179, 0.19860136660712738, -0.12044111785400202, -0.2068826928044911, 0.41219513963356064, -0.04507733757297198, 0.20757263105500628, 0.10180757620104554, 0.1601072982195075, -0.018917067633959016, 0.07008394304042061, 0.10807341135417421, 0.15193775260855477, 0.15869987833192917, -0.0938894819399273, -0.09077281952098322, -0.058852762544389675, 0.16340841459869235] |
711.2988 | Neutrino Experiments: Status, Recent Progress, and Prospects | Neutrino physics has seen an explosion of activity and new results in the
last decade. In this report the current state of the field is summarized, with
a particular focus on progress in the last two years. Prospects for the near
term (roughly 5 years) are also described.
| hep-ex | neutrino physics has seen an explosion of activity and new results in the last decade in this report the current state of the field is summarized with a particular focus on progress in the last two years prospects for the near term roughly 5 years are also described | [['neutrino', 'physics', 'has', 'seen', 'an', 'explosion', 'of', 'activity', 'and', 'new', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'decade', 'in', 'this', 'report', 'the', 'current', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'is', 'summarized', 'with', 'a', 'particular', 'focus', 'on', 'progress', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'two', 'years', 'prospects', 'for', 'the', 'near', 'term', 'roughly', '5', 'years', 'are', 'also', 'described']] | [-0.09962068542760487, 0.15096991061273002, -0.011273521309097609, 0.02398616521774481, -0.007850152595589558, -0.05125923793336066, -0.026391305145807564, 0.372358857265984, -0.2308636336432149, -0.31900194448341307, 0.17771044433902716, -0.26157196750864387, -0.12260329115088098, 0.2596377825733119, -0.039369515114231035, -0.010902980497727791, 0.1075616594365177, 0.08501953779098888, -0.12074894335819408, -0.34162445455634344, 0.32099398772697896, 0.06603827130553934, 0.23302783050651973, 0.10122135025449097, 0.06452515331814841, -0.02249269467817309, -0.08064697073617329, -0.03162158449170723, -0.1207098441858155, 0.1254295614004756, 0.2172653079420949, 0.12505245541494028, 0.2835466736772408, -0.4670465017746513, -0.23973123401325816, 0.05659474558585013, 0.13492924488188388, 0.10742849429758887, -0.14059595665942956, -0.2508189901515531, 0.018125732696110692, -0.22821541357552633, -0.1255952788196737, 0.01946483145532814, 0.09987298751608857, -0.02741817111382261, -0.13736955831215406, 0.05198803458127562, 0.02510361666888154, 0.07979284487858725, -0.026831428966640185, -0.1885046960087493, 0.07913449794674914, 0.10713660672627157, 0.1320213171566138, 0.09318356079165824, 0.04115663199627306, -0.21510990229338253, -0.19727997206306705, 0.34706115156101686, -0.1006253117666347, -0.02555521466517045, 0.1620936222219219, -0.1974546912824735, -0.1770206208942303, 0.10906846448779106, 0.16931759781436995, 0.10298440620924036, -0.166595814031704, 0.083568276448356, -0.05391331513722738, 0.14068058392149396, 0.010497095907339826, 0.02060017241941144, 0.2716379785755028, 0.3004972112394171, 0.050025050896996014, 0.06496054231441424, -0.14037374146088646, -0.0973568979728346, -0.3022979737482577, -0.13115220358789278, -0.11108761907477553, 0.04743790595481793, 0.027996256404549058, -0.06296964540767173, 0.47744789040492225, 0.13392651975542927, 0.2066283703316003, -0.03362207460061958, 0.22645379874544838, 0.1121956904923233, 0.04184811419690959, 0.05220192299263241, 0.3918747487477958, 0.12188956851605326, 0.19853116794062467, -0.11651231365006727, 0.061925923044933974, 0.011714282513518507] |
711.2989 | Gravitational Softening and Adaptive Mass Resolution | Pairwise forces between particles in cosmological N-body simulations are
generally softened to avoid hard collisions. Physically, this softening
corresponds to treating the particles as diffuse clouds rather than point
masses. For particles of unequal mass (and hence unequal softening length),
computing the softened force involves a nontrivial double integral over the
volumes of the two particles. We show that Plummer force softening is
consistent with this interpretation of softening while spline softening is not.
We provide closed-form expressions and numerical implementation for pairwise
gravitational force laws for pairs of particles of general softening scales
$\epsilon_1$ and $\epsilon_2$ assuming the commonly used cloud profiles: NGP,
CIC, TSC, and PQS. Similarly, we generalize Plummer force law into pairs of
particles of general softenings. We relate our expressions to the gaussian,
Plummer and spline force softenings known from literature. Our expressions
allow possible inclusions of pointlike particles such as stars or supermassive
black holes.
| astro-ph | pairwise forces between particles in cosmological nbody simulations are generally softened to avoid hard collisions physically this softening corresponds to treating the particles as diffuse clouds rather than point masses for particles of unequal mass and hence unequal softening length computing the softened force involves a nontrivial double integral over the volumes of the two particles we show that plummer force softening is consistent with this interpretation of softening while spline softening is not we provide closedform expressions and numerical implementation for pairwise gravitational force laws for pairs of particles of general softening scales epsilon_1 and epsilon_2 assuming the commonly used cloud profiles ngp cic tsc and pqs similarly we generalize plummer force law into pairs of particles of general softenings we relate our expressions to the gaussian plummer and spline force softenings known from literature our expressions allow possible inclusions of pointlike particles such as stars or supermassive black holes | [['pairwise', 'forces', 'between', 'particles', 'in', 'cosmological', 'nbody', 'simulations', 'are', 'generally', 'softened', 'to', 'avoid', 'hard', 'collisions', 'physically', 'this', 'softening', 'corresponds', 'to', 'treating', 'the', 'particles', 'as', 'diffuse', 'clouds', 'rather', 'than', 'point', 'masses', 'for', 'particles', 'of', 'unequal', 'mass', 'and', 'hence', 'unequal', 'softening', 'length', 'computing', 'the', 'softened', 'force', 'involves', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'double', 'integral', 'over', 'the', 'volumes', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'particles', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'plummer', 'force', 'softening', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'this', 'interpretation', 'of', 'softening', 'while', 'spline', 'softening', 'is', 'not', 'we', 'provide', 'closedform', 'expressions', 'and', 'numerical', 'implementation', 'for', 'pairwise', 'gravitational', 'force', 'laws', 'for', 'pairs', 'of', 'particles', 'of', 'general', 'softening', 'scales', 'epsilon_1', 'and', 'epsilon_2', 'assuming', 'the', 'commonly', 'used', 'cloud', 'profiles', 'ngp', 'cic', 'tsc', 'and', 'pqs', 'similarly', 'we', 'generalize', 'plummer', 'force', 'law', 'into', 'pairs', 'of', 'particles', 'of', 'general', 'softenings', 'we', 'relate', 'our', 'expressions', 'to', 'the', 'gaussian', 'plummer', 'and', 'spline', 'force', 'softenings', 'known', 'from', 'literature', 'our', 'expressions', 'allow', 'possible', 'inclusions', 'of', 'pointlike', 'particles', 'such', 'as', 'stars', 'or', 'supermassive', 'black', 'holes']] | [-0.12215352032506308, 0.1613512278182913, -0.10106954566320243, 0.11230483725327776, -0.10324793682735882, -0.13797074220211103, -0.005647278344567051, 0.3616300556093257, -0.19761464534796133, -0.30943057475155156, -0.03331867588255308, -0.3096659724656122, -0.08544813386559338, 0.17179239433820032, 0.01553048931419948, 0.035813364456253535, 0.024894936312458767, -0.022673525733199428, -0.040106685439337486, -0.19269479149089053, 0.2985158141653072, 0.07213196989198196, 0.18206986182967558, 0.036161188969067885, 0.09077140235878675, 0.03581333582271014, -0.024795808479350232, 0.022406482655826388, -0.18730604019046287, 0.029343398598011966, 0.18987633203409168, 0.020884104168646975, 0.19124839171175137, -0.44183275717871867, -0.227967531614573, 0.13256430519754006, 0.19047993105845465, 0.12577536088932578, -0.03847325950034505, -0.23035619979946326, 0.03395305307495673, -0.19417568824226222, -0.19291397001569635, -0.060444775631108526, 0.06474180833825113, 0.0693865900913975, -0.29821880543388624, 0.19093444640362722, 0.054737535903588035, 0.008111034988715553, -0.1157504221739013, -0.12083296360762555, -6.58798993669993e-05, 0.06524244300166873, 0.0988389120309225, -0.004813305873251119, 0.20005065933893748, -0.10200286144467799, -0.05656619967016953, 0.42278301461741624, -0.024512732001071617, -0.194286402260934, 0.22698918285329414, -0.10664497764892136, -0.09428716423791765, 0.16533543709788892, 0.12564917895804154, 0.08774664934628391, -0.1542966514455759, 0.021353375602633822, -0.008234378456181248, 0.17337684497173217, 0.1529567225540168, -0.012078799553283349, 0.28848207259738806, 0.05960580658488321, 0.02133829604575275, 0.15057115573497698, -0.09274574130502165, -0.11673477840407856, -0.31039823950669226, -0.10229164939250378, -0.2124254523625363, 0.02310220647107159, -0.1758754458705338, -0.18586849953226794, 0.250531353236836, 0.08166385992794045, 0.1901861960253376, 0.11869046703869143, 0.29675250475280723, 0.07350459068917996, 0.09504962262901052, 0.08659253288746584, 0.2804029703430141, 0.1576232175066734, 0.05043364299186783, -0.19991900221620446, -0.010408596894302905, 0.0614328963978105] |
711.299 | Quasiperiodic Spectra and Orthogonality for Iterated Function System
Measures | We extend classical basis constructions from Fourier analysis to attractors
for affine iterated function systems (IFSs). This is of interest since these
attractors have fractal features, e.g., measures with fractal scaling
dimension. Moreover, the spectrum is then typically quasi-periodic, but
non-periodic, i.e., the spectrum is a ``small perturbation'' of a lattice. Due
to earlier research on IFSs, there are known results on certain classes of
spectral duality-pairs, also called spectral pairs or spectral measures. It is
known that some duality pairs are associated with complex Hadamard matrices.
However, not all IFSs $X$ admit spectral duality. When $X$ is given, we
identify geometric conditions on $X$ for the existence of a Fourier spectrum,
serving as the second part in a spectral pair. We show how these spectral pairs
compose, and we characterize the decompositions in terms of atoms. The
decompositions refer to tensor product factorizations for associated complex
Hadamard matrices.
| math.CA math.GM | we extend classical basis constructions from fourier analysis to attractors for affine iterated function systems ifss this is of interest since these attractors have fractal features eg measures with fractal scaling dimension moreover the spectrum is then typically quasiperiodic but nonperiodic ie the spectrum is a small perturbation of a lattice due to earlier research on ifss there are known results on certain classes of spectral dualitypairs also called spectral pairs or spectral measures it is known that some duality pairs are associated with complex hadamard matrices however not all ifss x admit spectral duality when x is given we identify geometric conditions on x for the existence of a fourier spectrum serving as the second part in a spectral pair we show how these spectral pairs compose and we characterize the decompositions in terms of atoms the decompositions refer to tensor product factorizations for associated complex hadamard matrices | [['we', 'extend', 'classical', 'basis', 'constructions', 'from', 'fourier', 'analysis', 'to', 'attractors', 'for', 'affine', 'iterated', 'function', 'systems', 'ifss', 'this', 'is', 'of', 'interest', 'since', 'these', 'attractors', 'have', 'fractal', 'features', 'eg', 'measures', 'with', 'fractal', 'scaling', 'dimension', 'moreover', 'the', 'spectrum', 'is', 'then', 'typically', 'quasiperiodic', 'but', 'nonperiodic', 'ie', 'the', 'spectrum', 'is', 'a', 'small', 'perturbation', 'of', 'a', 'lattice', 'due', 'to', 'earlier', 'research', 'on', 'ifss', 'there', 'are', 'known', 'results', 'on', 'certain', 'classes', 'of', 'spectral', 'dualitypairs', 'also', 'called', 'spectral', 'pairs', 'or', 'spectral', 'measures', 'it', 'is', 'known', 'that', 'some', 'duality', 'pairs', 'are', 'associated', 'with', 'complex', 'hadamard', 'matrices', 'however', 'not', 'all', 'ifss', 'x', 'admit', 'spectral', 'duality', 'when', 'x', 'is', 'given', 'we', 'identify', 'geometric', 'conditions', 'on', 'x', 'for', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'fourier', 'spectrum', 'serving', 'as', 'the', 'second', 'part', 'in', 'a', 'spectral', 'pair', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'these', 'spectral', 'pairs', 'compose', 'and', 'we', 'characterize', 'the', 'decompositions', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'atoms', 'the', 'decompositions', 'refer', 'to', 'tensor', 'product', 'factorizations', 'for', 'associated', 'complex', 'hadamard', 'matrices']] | [-0.14343655518904277, 0.11351672057188242, -0.08393156899743386, 0.11290899256709963, -0.05126178611661433, -0.12228977649843924, -0.017717376170440804, 0.3980483866384807, -0.29514386930905684, -0.21285120205248934, 0.1517484498365996, -0.28076016799722975, -0.20512061833712347, 0.190601057711221, -0.095225905721875, 0.048317302424284454, 0.05194020986783545, 0.06323133769596147, -0.11989999104234567, -0.21947680532970038, 0.4021361001414826, -0.02889621373253396, 0.24132719516716394, 0.020283140563815076, 0.047396269699281734, -0.015827222201797005, -0.0681382961338386, 0.004132614565409116, -0.11858408297342288, 0.12435793178156018, 0.24893588342977613, 0.1311702559768172, 0.20626449095387314, -0.34328427002135964, -0.1957216626347823, 0.18166019822426796, 0.13853597466240408, 0.018530550801409158, -0.005095967112857899, -0.25029617506142304, 0.10907874576671905, -0.10966157656150392, -0.12891286887492784, -0.13521341840591836, 0.046381164313847756, 0.07273421487755242, -0.2637198994005401, 0.03091583971852103, 0.09842701105249894, 0.054221325365172046, -0.047117102472740854, -0.09104672983615987, -0.028524827567633946, 0.0985857404713799, 0.003352344217017998, -0.011817330949172075, 0.0850609130307881, -0.05935432979950329, -0.12626917688710917, 0.3457872430208718, -0.024955683785043908, -0.24591899521309077, 0.2205593411722598, -0.16014012057220917, -0.19011069993123514, 0.12864314788021147, 0.12831832024243636, 0.10460526155578476, -0.09434035793467932, 0.12787734044399554, -0.09084338610488418, 0.15376719145255313, 0.11933552840649075, 0.12135804220260242, 0.1523186540784868, 0.07339692383853567, 0.10935542992838482, 0.14767990542758205, -0.025275412354637188, -0.07821399978097729, -0.2889832977041904, -0.12322585946704084, -0.22014440985387065, 0.11376228662787047, -0.10353352678804013, -0.24277293753206125, 0.42034523765481, 0.06131919978203793, 0.22604749563214607, 0.06662297250413513, 0.22705952133479956, 0.12522184042609297, 0.08165448607021086, 0.04255587107980171, 0.14713454188097022, 0.1770189910878528, 0.04383649051856451, -0.12223185913191284, -0.013822566868888365, 0.14890086896264473] |
711.2991 | Quantization of the open string on plane-wave limits of dS_n x S^n and
non-commutativity outside branes | The open string on the plane-wave limit of $dS_n\times S^n $ with constant
$B_2$ and dilaton background fields is canonically quantized. This entails
solving the classical equations of motion for the string, computing the
symplectic form, and defining from its inverse the canonical commutation
relations. Canonical quantization is proved to be perfectly suited for this
task, since the symplectic form is unambiguously defined and non-singular. The
string position and the string momentum operators are shown to satisfy
equal-time canonical commutation relations. Noticeably the string position
operators define non-commutative spaces for all values of the string
world-sheet parameter $\sig$, thus extending non-commutativity outside the
branes on which the string endpoints may be assumed to move. The Minkowski
spacetime limit is smooth and reproduces the results in the literature, in
particular non-commutativity gets confined to the endpoints.
| hep-th | the open string on the planewave limit of ds_ntimes sn with constant b_2 and dilaton background fields is canonically quantized this entails solving the classical equations of motion for the string computing the symplectic form and defining from its inverse the canonical commutation relations canonical quantization is proved to be perfectly suited for this task since the symplectic form is unambiguously defined and nonsingular the string position and the string momentum operators are shown to satisfy equaltime canonical commutation relations noticeably the string position operators define noncommutative spaces for all values of the string worldsheet parameter sig thus extending noncommutativity outside the branes on which the string endpoints may be assumed to move the minkowski spacetime limit is smooth and reproduces the results in the literature in particular noncommutativity gets confined to the endpoints | [['the', 'open', 'string', 'on', 'the', 'planewave', 'limit', 'of', 'ds_ntimes', 'sn', 'with', 'constant', 'b_2', 'and', 'dilaton', 'background', 'fields', 'is', 'canonically', 'quantized', 'this', 'entails', 'solving', 'the', 'classical', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'for', 'the', 'string', 'computing', 'the', 'symplectic', 'form', 'and', 'defining', 'from', 'its', 'inverse', 'the', 'canonical', 'commutation', 'relations', 'canonical', 'quantization', 'is', 'proved', 'to', 'be', 'perfectly', 'suited', 'for', 'this', 'task', 'since', 'the', 'symplectic', 'form', 'is', 'unambiguously', 'defined', 'and', 'nonsingular', 'the', 'string', 'position', 'and', 'the', 'string', 'momentum', 'operators', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'satisfy', 'equaltime', 'canonical', 'commutation', 'relations', 'noticeably', 'the', 'string', 'position', 'operators', 'define', 'noncommutative', 'spaces', 'for', 'all', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'string', 'worldsheet', 'parameter', 'sig', 'thus', 'extending', 'noncommutativity', 'outside', 'the', 'branes', 'on', 'which', 'the', 'string', 'endpoints', 'may', 'be', 'assumed', 'to', 'move', 'the', 'minkowski', 'spacetime', 'limit', 'is', 'smooth', 'and', 'reproduces', 'the', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'in', 'particular', 'noncommutativity', 'gets', 'confined', 'to', 'the', 'endpoints']] | [-0.1611831461077668, 0.16858302191586086, -0.08132337392272806, 0.13834089343873715, -0.13663167868481768, -0.14740173720677657, -0.01034774700935958, 0.2901180110297593, -0.27030800915974423, -0.22721888356022818, 0.037090181641777825, -0.2636414751046358, -0.09636010639229439, 0.15877355801823892, -0.09868778478130139, 0.038778370304608234, 0.016556941714624462, 0.09889575564197468, -0.14227967584659731, -0.24967478805298643, 0.39109520626751554, 0.03154936885195119, 0.29100920915904743, 0.001991189442070803, 0.12213962900371787, 0.015934281059911938, -0.022308178094593824, 0.00758512934697862, -0.12066935907517161, 0.0927735666037166, 0.25085908115344274, 0.07375803738972522, 0.1008903541728238, -0.4082225785499677, -0.16838626365730525, 0.10923281430154759, 0.18478409219463182, 0.09606803243164029, 0.052734852759727745, -0.28355751265036433, 0.05779984667800394, -0.09914189323789924, -0.1504003357814443, -0.06312603510030426, 0.05747014601693902, -0.026295901069927897, -0.20132757233161674, 0.06145009206944054, 0.049524259435790204, -0.007194587820790764, -0.09043504617656616, -0.056688199018450326, -0.03710064576602632, 0.09278559161672242, 0.06536382270532247, 0.12029134003004353, 0.13137750074799573, -0.13362133871156484, -0.09013972180034209, 0.3980995112876023, -0.0035402418614918353, -0.3072273989901283, 0.06997873508056304, -0.1525184923986015, -0.1180004658128478, 0.05816301035421683, 0.03268028656370882, 0.11562303225404787, -0.1289971396397043, 0.25033958366664155, -0.019575961137232475, 0.09495467601538307, 0.1591430246668931, 0.059191901439842876, 0.2582163853934945, 0.04937498916213618, 0.03247119211486744, 0.11227067589367691, -0.025163748942287567, -0.19606870302144452, -0.39557637576770066, -0.12801123171680628, -0.13854152114302115, 0.1103550871077897, -0.1562800707808246, -0.21409102335910984, 0.30160346164200036, 0.08478976264674763, 0.20536211773112445, 0.06507977813261707, 0.22690772138627008, 0.15314706569691575, 0.08435349579011195, 0.08993755833244063, 0.24331009881947316, 0.20575296420681016, 0.09155470274309575, -0.21651537063762658, -0.06613320883545548, 0.17772244513595015] |
711.2992 | Gravitational solitons and $C^0$ vacuum metrics in five-dimensional
Lovelock gravity | Junction conditions for vacuum solutions in five-dimensional
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity are studied. We focus on those cases where two
spherically symmetric regions of space-time are joined in such a way that the
induced stress tensor on the junction surface vanishes. So a spherical vacuum
shell, containing no matter, arises as a boundary between two regions of the
space-time. A general analysis is given of solutions that can be constructed by
this method of geometric surgery. Such solutions are a generalized kind of
spherically symmetric empty space solutions, described by metric functions of
the class $C^0$. New global structures arise with surprising features. In
particular, we show that vacuum spherically symmetric wormholes do exist in
this theory. These can be regarded as gravitational solitons, which connect two
asymptotically (Anti) de-Sitter spaces with different masses and/or different
effective cosmological constants. We prove the existence of both static and
dynamical solutions and discuss their (in)stability under perturbations that
preserve the symmetry. This leads us to discuss a new type of instability that
arises in five-dimensional Lovelock theory of gravity for certain values of the
coupling of the Gauss-Bonnet term. The issues of existence and uniqueness of
solutions and determinism in the dynamical evolution are also discussed.
| gr-qc hep-th | junction conditions for vacuum solutions in fivedimensional einsteingaussbonnet gravity are studied we focus on those cases where two spherically symmetric regions of spacetime are joined in such a way that the induced stress tensor on the junction surface vanishes so a spherical vacuum shell containing no matter arises as a boundary between two regions of the spacetime a general analysis is given of solutions that can be constructed by this method of geometric surgery such solutions are a generalized kind of spherically symmetric empty space solutions described by metric functions of the class c0 new global structures arise with surprising features in particular we show that vacuum spherically symmetric wormholes do exist in this theory these can be regarded as gravitational solitons which connect two asymptotically anti desitter spaces with different masses andor different effective cosmological constants we prove the existence of both static and dynamical solutions and discuss their instability under perturbations that preserve the symmetry this leads us to discuss a new type of instability that arises in fivedimensional lovelock theory of gravity for certain values of the coupling of the gaussbonnet term the issues of existence and uniqueness of solutions and determinism in the dynamical evolution are also discussed | [['junction', 'conditions', 'for', 'vacuum', 'solutions', 'in', 'fivedimensional', 'einsteingaussbonnet', 'gravity', 'are', 'studied', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'those', 'cases', 'where', 'two', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'regions', 'of', 'spacetime', 'are', 'joined', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'way', 'that', 'the', 'induced', 'stress', 'tensor', 'on', 'the', 'junction', 'surface', 'vanishes', 'so', 'a', 'spherical', 'vacuum', 'shell', 'containing', 'no', 'matter', 'arises', 'as', 'a', 'boundary', 'between', 'two', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'spacetime', 'a', 'general', 'analysis', 'is', 'given', 'of', 'solutions', 'that', 'can', 'be', 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711.2993 | Fragmentation processes in impact of spheres | We study the brittle fragmentation of spheres by using a three-dimensional
Discrete Element Model. Large scale computer simulations are performed with a
model that consists of agglomerates of many particles, interconnected by
beam-truss elements. We focus on the detailed development of the fragmentation
process and study several fragmentation mechanisms. The evolution of meridional
cracks is studied in detail. These cracks are found to initiate in the inside
of the specimen with quasi-periodic angular distribution. The fragments that
are formed when these cracks penetrate the specimen surface give a broad peak
in the fragment mass distribution for large fragments that can be fitted by a
two-parameter Weibull distribution. This mechanism can only be observed in 3D
models or experiments. The results prove to be independent of the degree of
disorder in the model. Our results significantly improve the understanding of
the fragmentation process for impact fracture since besides reproducing the
experimental observations of fragment shapes, impact energy dependence and mass
distribution, we also have full access to the failure conditions and evolution.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | we study the brittle fragmentation of spheres by using a threedimensional discrete element model large scale computer simulations are performed with a model that consists of agglomerates of many particles interconnected by beamtruss elements we focus on the detailed development of the fragmentation process and study several fragmentation mechanisms the evolution of meridional cracks is studied in detail these cracks are found to initiate in the inside of the specimen with quasiperiodic angular distribution the fragments that are formed when these cracks penetrate the specimen surface give a broad peak in the fragment mass distribution for large fragments that can be fitted by a twoparameter weibull distribution this mechanism can only be observed in 3d models or experiments the results prove to be independent of the degree of disorder in the model our results significantly improve the understanding of the fragmentation process for impact fracture since besides reproducing the experimental observations of fragment shapes impact energy dependence and mass distribution we also have full access to the failure conditions and evolution | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'brittle', 'fragmentation', 'of', 'spheres', 'by', 'using', 'a', 'threedimensional', 'discrete', 'element', 'model', 'large', 'scale', 'computer', 'simulations', 'are', 'performed', 'with', 'a', 'model', 'that', 'consists', 'of', 'agglomerates', 'of', 'many', 'particles', 'interconnected', 'by', 'beamtruss', 'elements', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'detailed', 'development', 'of', 'the', 'fragmentation', 'process', 'and', 'study', 'several', 'fragmentation', 'mechanisms', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'meridional', 'cracks', 'is', 'studied', 'in', 'detail', 'these', 'cracks', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'initiate', 'in', 'the', 'inside', 'of', 'the', 'specimen', 'with', 'quasiperiodic', 'angular', 'distribution', 'the', 'fragments', 'that', 'are', 'formed', 'when', 'these', 'cracks', 'penetrate', 'the', 'specimen', 'surface', 'give', 'a', 'broad', 'peak', 'in', 'the', 'fragment', 'mass', 'distribution', 'for', 'large', 'fragments', 'that', 'can', 'be', 'fitted', 'by', 'a', 'twoparameter', 'weibull', 'distribution', 'this', 'mechanism', 'can', 'only', 'be', 'observed', 'in', '3d', 'models', 'or', 'experiments', 'the', 'results', 'prove', 'to', 'be', 'independent', 'of', 'the', 'degree', 'of', 'disorder', 'in', 'the', 'model', 'our', 'results', 'significantly', 'improve', 'the', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'fragmentation', 'process', 'for', 'impact', 'fracture', 'since', 'besides', 'reproducing', 'the', 'experimental', 'observations', 'of', 'fragment', 'shapes', 'impact', 'energy', 'dependence', 'and', 'mass', 'distribution', 'we', 'also', 'have', 'full', 'access', 'to', 'the', 'failure', 'conditions', 'and', 'evolution']] | [-0.07381897954379811, 0.1613785939178128, -0.11118805611999158, 0.06769877772802668, -0.01663429558633224, -0.051945755462271766, -0.018156918343019617, 0.38686187372488134, -0.2535816564991632, -0.30556572463144277, 0.07148436826092246, -0.2498195460477077, -0.1063838032526238, 0.1661493309390019, 0.006964061899548945, 0.07440756492261939, 0.10523229205487844, -0.050286148483043205, -0.027943328246200348, -0.21039584990049823, 0.33501108580214134, 0.07240686020539965, 0.27843178803758584, 0.0801432248478865, 0.02043637034811956, -0.02367161590852501, -0.01722989290514413, 0.031209386216805263, -0.16397026464653797, 0.07543094739842619, 0.19198247933281357, 0.09472846312697476, 0.22933405304108473, -0.4729557533364962, -0.25410746235712023, 0.07275791902177255, 0.15181081688908094, 0.08420091124580187, -0.052527159328490274, -0.23759254900574245, 0.09452131207046263, -0.16853345183814836, -0.15342906928169267, -0.03185965171193375, 0.025315294044968836, 0.07769528154886382, -0.2655621772084166, 0.09049027808103026, 0.07346003192120834, 0.06305764806182945, -0.0671941038549823, -0.08508552613065523, -0.05358861320898594, 0.11057377596649423, 0.05817888928337625, -0.026168437656836914, 0.18306048331176178, -0.14255402947036439, -0.07381108860786566, 0.39447019867160743, -0.007079677631640259, -0.19684336674125755, 0.16860570865957175, -0.20075345089871383, -0.12317679968443425, 0.18328298906083493, 0.224327047295211, 0.10569796025588671, -0.14265751783258404, 0.019194486763615928, -0.0484943403643282, 0.1567417746868587, 0.06929631837068455, -0.02077463778995854, 0.22385292997693315, 0.21766142824746887, -0.037336834858733174, 0.15499462711638498, -0.10722060382900321, -0.10901963036740199, -0.2853238266618813, -0.13565508134334403, -0.1621517638593693, 0.0068024467622094294, -0.08160286218121388, -0.17123308530186906, 0.3899883877540774, 0.13395485088283962, 0.25564474046559016, 0.049243634494076316, 0.24931259174310766, 0.07512659093104851, 0.11004626007668455, 0.041316696481012244, 0.22632948664044414, 0.10343334932729382, 0.07892318857450258, -0.20607309069977525, 0.1271186914157999, 0.010918184797115186] |
711.2994 | Gauge Theory Duals of Cosmological Backgrounds and their Energy Momentum
Tensors | We revisit Type IIB supergravity backgrounds with null and spacelike
singularities with natural gauge theory duals proposed in {\tt hep-th/0602107}
and {\tt hep-th/0610053}. We show that for these backgrounds there are always
choices of the boundaries of these deformed $AdS_5 \times S^5$ space-times,
such that the dual gauge theories live on {\it flat} metrics and have
space-time dependent couplings. We present a new time dependent solution of
this kind where the effective string coupling is always bounded and vanishes at
a spacelike singularity in the bulk, and the space-time becomes $AdS_5 \times
S^5$ at early and late times. The holographic energy momentum tensor calculated
with a choice of flat boundary is shown to vanish for null backgrounds and to
be generically non-zero for time dependent backgrounds.
| hep-th | we revisit type iib supergravity backgrounds with null and spacelike singularities with natural gauge theory duals proposed in tt hepth0602107 and tt hepth0610053 we show that for these backgrounds there are always choices of the boundaries of these deformed ads_5 times s5 spacetimes such that the dual gauge theories live on it flat metrics and have spacetime dependent couplings we present a new time dependent solution of this kind where the effective string coupling is always bounded and vanishes at a spacelike singularity in the bulk and the spacetime becomes ads_5 times s5 at early and late times the holographic energy momentum tensor calculated with a choice of flat boundary is shown to vanish for null backgrounds and to be generically nonzero for time dependent backgrounds | [['we', 'revisit', 'type', 'iib', 'supergravity', 'backgrounds', 'with', 'null', 'and', 'spacelike', 'singularities', 'with', 'natural', 'gauge', 'theory', 'duals', 'proposed', 'in', 'tt', 'hepth0602107', 'and', 'tt', 'hepth0610053', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'these', 'backgrounds', 'there', 'are', 'always', 'choices', 'of', 'the', 'boundaries', 'of', 'these', 'deformed', 'ads_5', 'times', 's5', 'spacetimes', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'dual', 'gauge', 'theories', 'live', 'on', 'it', 'flat', 'metrics', 'and', 'have', 'spacetime', 'dependent', 'couplings', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'new', 'time', 'dependent', 'solution', 'of', 'this', 'kind', 'where', 'the', 'effective', 'string', 'coupling', 'is', 'always', 'bounded', 'and', 'vanishes', 'at', 'a', 'spacelike', 'singularity', 'in', 'the', 'bulk', 'and', 'the', 'spacetime', 'becomes', 'ads_5', 'times', 's5', 'at', 'early', 'and', 'late', 'times', 'the', 'holographic', 'energy', 'momentum', 'tensor', 'calculated', 'with', 'a', 'choice', 'of', 'flat', 'boundary', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'vanish', 'for', 'null', 'backgrounds', 'and', 'to', 'be', 'generically', 'nonzero', 'for', 'time', 'dependent', 'backgrounds']] | [-0.1490936796659709, 0.19263583832728345, -0.07991460472300288, 0.11584792591184528, -0.09430696282370557, -0.1921908180266919, -0.061078318769315014, 0.3631792415586871, -0.13580119514447306, -0.17787403380873823, 0.12430474717327725, -0.2805184000472148, -0.11558554266511853, 0.1050446295374704, -0.05410039260037123, 0.014324861586153988, 0.01779998467874623, 0.06649555122449753, -0.16030962761085962, -0.2711841892451048, 0.3636019296968551, 0.04270487620435175, 0.31290547795323354, 0.046774712267271694, 0.15987745424612396, -0.0032289563847194996, -0.009217973223947469, 0.0558109512823003, -0.1549898413380898, 0.040890323820584, 0.2604647695327238, 0.08823442026116554, 0.0813746024073372, -0.4548645876948872, -0.20537759083503437, 0.11053157860653536, 0.15533001248484418, 0.14341187230761973, -0.0006869817180784359, -0.27145768227356093, 0.08090259083978561, -0.13381501696553202, -0.1592355202489172, -0.061717285147507586, 0.0670437986113792, -0.10823691646838861, -0.22378193579178543, 0.10610559517062351, 0.005392661618609582, -0.024314344500101382, -0.08575337243852235, -0.04161962601374985, -0.0676615848581517, 0.02546016210098676, 0.19772308201514063, 0.0972723022062001, 0.10702349165559656, -0.1294534436662704, -0.10069903914981912, 0.3305223024480285, -0.09122720132431676, -0.27948207988013185, 0.16535417554945114, -0.16966823172274856, -0.15805184417742216, 0.10516781274664906, 0.10889418826874105, 0.19212266759976984, -0.10110003019743148, 0.23407345010585437, 0.06377030398101441, 0.0937361991269544, 0.1405584065641667, 0.08258708298014808, 0.25941226101149956, 0.08913902408957872, 0.0463980298405776, 0.0853900246598172, -0.02755150097166939, -0.08229464438749522, -0.45972838037977776, -0.15116799470307607, -0.10041092346317225, 0.14657354571916645, -0.18689908600900973, -0.20641200830704615, 0.3513373487906891, 0.05535661067622113, 0.18195835594322549, 0.07690010608113822, 0.17162693568295048, 0.09196152819758056, 0.05541465487406259, 0.12802381752877526, 0.26645507948893693, 0.06470749890544422, 0.11663677740556698, -0.21057325091979076, -0.1291849069548921, 0.11004981372705867] |
711.2995 | How can we explore the onset of deconfinement by experiment? | There is little doubt that Quantumchromodynamics (QCD) is the theory which
describes strong interaction physics. Lattice gauge simulations of QCD predict
that in the $\mu,T$ plane there is a line where a transition from confined
hadronic matter to deconfined quarks takes place. The transition is either a
cross over (at low $\mu$) or of first order (at high $\mu$). It is the goal of
the present and future heavy ion experiment at RHIC and FAIR to study this
phase transition at different locations in the $\mu,T$ plane and to explore the
properties of the deconfined phase. It is the purpose of this contribution to
discuss some of the observables which are considered as useful for this
purpose.
| nucl-th | there is little doubt that quantumchromodynamics qcd is the theory which describes strong interaction physics lattice gauge simulations of qcd predict that in the mut plane there is a line where a transition from confined hadronic matter to deconfined quarks takes place the transition is either a cross over at low mu or of first order at high mu it is the goal of the present and future heavy ion experiment at rhic and fair to study this phase transition at different locations in the mut plane and to explore the properties of the deconfined phase it is the purpose of this contribution to discuss some of the observables which are considered as useful for this purpose | [['there', 'is', 'little', 'doubt', 'that', 'quantumchromodynamics', 'qcd', 'is', 'the', 'theory', 'which', 'describes', 'strong', 'interaction', 'physics', 'lattice', 'gauge', 'simulations', 'of', 'qcd', 'predict', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'mut', 'plane', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'line', 'where', 'a', 'transition', 'from', 'confined', 'hadronic', 'matter', 'to', 'deconfined', 'quarks', 'takes', 'place', 'the', 'transition', 'is', 'either', 'a', 'cross', 'over', 'at', 'low', 'mu', 'or', 'of', 'first', 'order', 'at', 'high', 'mu', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'goal', 'of', 'the', 'present', 'and', 'future', 'heavy', 'ion', 'experiment', 'at', 'rhic', 'and', 'fair', 'to', 'study', 'this', 'phase', 'transition', 'at', 'different', 'locations', 'in', 'the', 'mut', 'plane', 'and', 'to', 'explore', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'deconfined', 'phase', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'this', 'contribution', 'to', 'discuss', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'observables', 'which', 'are', 'considered', 'as', 'useful', 'for', 'this', 'purpose']] | [-0.10046759486381505, 0.21520526214845032, -0.11429894048497717, 0.07755291656865619, -0.03488562022670148, -0.09422359466313934, 0.055841101437974244, 0.3674913309673723, -0.2133334708583151, -0.24575021072155517, 0.050493992974535905, -0.30986486517816275, -0.050026079032840766, 0.0949529886751189, 0.05945682725431318, 0.032483787594251655, 0.015700623265698425, 0.060959531121656425, -0.06744828265949857, -0.19357120357732424, 0.30590468934243625, 0.05058811454930239, 0.2493829929835012, 0.15476699080716214, 0.06503426009773189, -0.02160785884524767, 0.018693087936944176, -0.012271610176206654, -0.14588404008678388, 0.02046372117793076, 0.2747609502855792, 0.05065720938902316, 0.19176458509670746, -0.3689082464537559, -0.19942657556384802, 0.13511621487390602, 0.10313831888533269, 0.11834939777588424, -0.06273710460931413, -0.24000181471053353, 0.11492664827199048, -0.14899019610025308, -0.14348752157957667, -0.05145256401588901, 0.012603918623784158, -0.034945044827719145, -0.2806543510279849, 0.04231306869122717, -0.003767216152762278, 0.04297190745416869, 0.015979043637903836, -0.1229293486988968, -0.004721242759344924, 0.10801406681008287, 0.07553337140677449, 0.1435747236932795, 0.11278211652165931, -0.17149240842425367, -0.08162886536337881, 0.48834380456525034, -0.03490829461902921, -0.11271910173579669, 0.2092776102746208, -0.22874695152386576, -0.16012819620191604, 0.15125885068908587, 0.1925842931581677, 0.09680332252994561, -0.13258536788037953, 0.09133599605684917, -0.014063076187784854, 0.15706399471552382, 0.029718561181559775, 0.016839991830106284, 0.2854070998569075, 0.2144270152745084, 0.025130586258860096, 0.12209745184292034, -0.060286417744783126, -0.13563230793732098, -0.3793199972337128, -0.13757776532672408, -0.17008758953406325, 0.02108512322505952, -0.054935195562494404, -0.13224800741379586, 0.3583225870353735, 0.16903511978064975, 0.222433178486605, -0.027551967123300474, 0.28965734099296647, 0.10661789929965892, 0.03319150302161136, 0.024283573134905763, 0.28027764094608404, 0.1236551898635096, 0.16115346893520915, -0.2362587350081358, 0.01892741008176126, 0.06291778708816084] |
711.2996 | The Kohn-Sham system in one-matrix functional theory | A system of electrons in a local or nonlocal external potential can be
studied with 1-matrix functional theory (1MFT), which is similar to density
functional theory (DFT) but takes the one-particle reduced density matrix
(1-matrix) instead of the density as its basic variable. Within 1MFT, Gilbert
derived [PRB 12, 2111 (1975)] effective single-particle equations analogous to
the Kohn-Sham (KS) equations in DFT. The self-consistent solution of these
1MFT-KS equations reproduces not only the density of the original electron
system but also its 1-matrix. While in DFT it is usually possible to reproduce
the density using KS orbitals with integer (0 or 1) occupancy, in 1MFT
reproducing the 1-matrix requires in general fractional occupancies. The
variational principle implies that the KS eigenvalues of all fractionally
occupied orbitals must collapse at self-consistency to a single level, equal to
the chemical potential. We show that as a consequence of the degeneracy the
iteration of the KS equations is intrinsically divergent. Fortunately, the
level shifting method, commonly introduced in Hartree-Fock calculations, is
always able to force convergence. We introduce an alternative derivation of the
1MFT-KS equations that allows control of the eigenvalue collapse by
constraining the occupancies. As an explicit example, we apply the 1MFT-KS
scheme to calculate the ground state 1-matrix of an exactly solvable two-site
Hubbard model.
| cond-mat.str-el | a system of electrons in a local or nonlocal external potential can be studied with 1matrix functional theory 1mft which is similar to density functional theory dft but takes the oneparticle reduced density matrix 1matrix instead of the density as its basic variable within 1mft gilbert derived prb 12 2111 1975 effective singleparticle equations analogous to the kohnsham ks equations in dft the selfconsistent solution of these 1mftks equations reproduces not only the density of the original electron system but also its 1matrix while in dft it is usually possible to reproduce the density using ks orbitals with integer 0 or 1 occupancy in 1mft reproducing the 1matrix requires in general fractional occupancies the variational principle implies that the ks eigenvalues of all fractionally occupied orbitals must collapse at selfconsistency to a single level equal to the chemical potential we show that as a consequence of the degeneracy the iteration of the ks equations is intrinsically divergent fortunately the level shifting method commonly introduced in hartreefock calculations is always able to force convergence we introduce an alternative derivation of the 1mftks equations that allows control of the eigenvalue collapse by constraining the occupancies as an explicit example we apply the 1mftks scheme to calculate the ground state 1matrix of an exactly solvable twosite hubbard model | [['a', 'system', 'of', 'electrons', 'in', 'a', 'local', 'or', 'nonlocal', 'external', 'potential', 'can', 'be', 'studied', 'with', '1matrix', 'functional', 'theory', '1mft', 'which', 'is', 'similar', 'to', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'dft', 'but', 'takes', 'the', 'oneparticle', 'reduced', 'density', 'matrix', '1matrix', 'instead', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'as', 'its', 'basic', 'variable', 'within', '1mft', 'gilbert', 'derived', 'prb', '12', '2111', '1975', 'effective', 'singleparticle', 'equations', 'analogous', 'to', 'the', 'kohnsham', 'ks', 'equations', 'in', 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711.2997 | Completing Continuum Coulomb Gauge in the Functional Formalism | It is argued that within the continuum functional formalism, there is no need
to supply a further (spatially independent) gauge constraint to complete the
Coulomb gauge of Yang-Mills theory. It is shown explicitly that a natural
completion of the gauge-fixing leads to a contradiction with the perturbative
renormalizability of the theory.
| hep-th hep-lat hep-ph | it is argued that within the continuum functional formalism there is no need to supply a further spatially independent gauge constraint to complete the coulomb gauge of yangmills theory it is shown explicitly that a natural completion of the gaugefixing leads to a contradiction with the perturbative renormalizability of the theory | [['it', 'is', 'argued', 'that', 'within', 'the', 'continuum', 'functional', 'formalism', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'need', 'to', 'supply', 'a', 'further', 'spatially', 'independent', 'gauge', 'constraint', 'to', 'complete', 'the', 'coulomb', 'gauge', 'of', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'explicitly', 'that', 'a', 'natural', 'completion', 'of', 'the', 'gaugefixing', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'contradiction', 'with', 'the', 'perturbative', 'renormalizability', 'of', 'the', 'theory']] | [-0.11655994405851279, 0.14529393067327784, -0.16951904352754354, 0.09972596954892152, -0.09865507534613796, -0.11617872116210706, 0.0387191109829491, 0.35154517557398945, -0.21201201970232467, -0.26671729408496736, 0.02410465058888875, -0.23038622375358553, -0.17820559860225402, 0.05051732143642856, -0.07493974473418705, 0.029907041320613788, 0.026465087156633243, 0.07382539166685413, -0.07629784743538966, -0.27624189921234754, 0.3062722846299556, 0.04775196036743913, 0.2765282886285408, 0.12375249475350275, 0.11760673898400045, 0.023086845635107774, -0.03555962640572997, 0.04553470368880559, -0.06743246436663493, 0.09962712346767898, 0.243714495324621, 0.08820897429897884, 0.2628395059602518, -0.4290356052783774, -0.2613303076256724, 0.07699588527355124, 0.09842335257460089, 0.14056733498970667, 0.008767947335453594, -0.23652396278054105, 0.07438720700641473, -0.18096851133832745, -0.13480147060609476, -0.09282949071961875, 0.02760752029351744, -0.14091000417430027, -0.2981510500734051, 0.06477491630643022, 0.024098292148361605, -0.004273297082559735, -0.03272046073905978, 0.005395046234423039, -0.07161559509661268, 0.048002863412394244, 0.14754050930359347, 0.12459018064078455, 0.08646759986146993, -0.14577532703896948, -0.08702487213760797, 0.4219370975579117, -0.04734850528777814, -0.2412810500062929, 0.16973127005393526, -0.1039223110978948, -0.19101747112604334, 0.14937018482562373, -0.014810160268098116, 0.10211633221593265, -0.20172590420891842, 0.21879943646490574, -0.07484417269919433, 0.2124299331038606, 0.04715302371529534, 0.02125046777255906, 0.21278660013979556, 0.10688452550447454, 0.09653293485661932, 0.07857572074577797, 0.05675590761444148, -0.1546815275671143, -0.45706720431061354, -0.09243559650113799, -0.14497326657760376, 0.12176734518131935, -0.09013369812757946, -0.2024442390647178, 0.3132130810334667, 0.18854073966469834, 0.11317840500223432, 0.05417347696664579, 0.24677024862053348, 0.19175206907276138, 0.13586853805235496, 0.014483145739444914, 0.2490229350606016, 0.23773264481375614, 0.05721045130242904, -0.24550351191896433, -0.09192016131847221, 0.08068917940060298] |
711.2998 | Optimizing diversity | We consider the problem of minimizing the size of a family of sets G such
that every subset of 1,...,n can be written as a disjoint union of at most k
members of G, where k and n are given numbers. This problem originates in a
real-world application aiming at the diversity of industrial production. At the
same time, the minimum of G so that every subset of 1,...,n is the union of two
sets in G has been asked by Erdos and studied recently by Furedi and Katona
without requiring the disjointness of the sets. A simple construction providing
a feasible solution is conjectured to be optimal for this problem for all
values of n and k and regardless of the disjointness requirement; we prove this
conjecture in special cases including all (n,k) for which n <= 3k holds, and
some individual values of n and k.
| cs.DM | we consider the problem of minimizing the size of a family of sets g such that every subset of 1n can be written as a disjoint union of at most k members of g where k and n are given numbers this problem originates in a realworld application aiming at the diversity of industrial production at the same time the minimum of g so that every subset of 1n is the union of two sets in g has been asked by erdos and studied recently by furedi and katona without requiring the disjointness of the sets a simple construction providing a feasible solution is conjectured to be optimal for this problem for all values of n and k and regardless of the disjointness requirement we prove this conjecture in special cases including all nk for which n 3k holds and some individual values of n and k | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'minimizing', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'sets', 'g', 'such', 'that', 'every', 'subset', 'of', '1n', 'can', 'be', 'written', 'as', 'a', 'disjoint', 'union', 'of', 'at', 'most', 'k', 'members', 'of', 'g', 'where', 'k', 'and', 'n', 'are', 'given', 'numbers', 'this', 'problem', 'originates', 'in', 'a', 'realworld', 'application', 'aiming', 'at', 'the', 'diversity', 'of', 'industrial', 'production', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'the', 'minimum', 'of', 'g', 'so', 'that', 'every', 'subset', 'of', '1n', 'is', 'the', 'union', 'of', 'two', 'sets', 'in', 'g', 'has', 'been', 'asked', 'by', 'erdos', 'and', 'studied', 'recently', 'by', 'furedi', 'and', 'katona', 'without', 'requiring', 'the', 'disjointness', 'of', 'the', 'sets', 'a', 'simple', 'construction', 'providing', 'a', 'feasible', 'solution', 'is', 'conjectured', 'to', 'be', 'optimal', 'for', 'this', 'problem', 'for', 'all', 'values', 'of', 'n', 'and', 'k', 'and', 'regardless', 'of', 'the', 'disjointness', 'requirement', 'we', 'prove', 'this', 'conjecture', 'in', 'special', 'cases', 'including', 'all', 'nk', 'for', 'which', 'n', '3k', 'holds', 'and', 'some', 'individual', 'values', 'of', 'n', 'and', 'k']] | [-0.18073389620748254, 0.11360433414502412, -0.020245056533845472, -0.004419373460018969, -0.018649857500758097, -0.1275225211929555, 0.08493315185211142, 0.3096829270674739, -0.265069794152914, -0.3309136392567687, 0.09543255105896593, -0.30748061291860784, -0.08806654106949133, 0.18247020764745214, -0.053534256988109985, 0.042373063292419286, 0.042557658564274, 0.0949796768234802, -0.005795145616391484, -0.32964185703004123, 0.31532213656187413, -0.06030730289869568, 0.1967177533664975, 0.0724690956488049, 0.08906992062368765, 0.024584584087006697, 0.02488654817345229, 0.06668496416925188, -0.1305602750679372, 0.09750832204800416, 0.2988693428979743, 0.20344211559958097, 0.3243426248988732, -0.3494590302342454, -0.1765081409321778, 0.20234250284249888, 0.11958741948648426, 0.04570141952202915, 0.010559062852023715, -0.18997893319148443, 0.16672443440437418, -0.09185505563196834, -0.12761265248199608, 0.0004796915953712804, 0.126219472524767, -0.004348568390218579, -0.31691128357636683, -0.010543827243073255, 0.08453492882826245, 0.07182047887211096, 0.00825705027625877, -0.18445638903467376, -0.018185181400681635, 0.14539660886444822, -0.0006739801488069146, 0.05276350340913652, 0.01230049722425665, -0.08675746764309805, -0.1146761814423767, 0.40353370205218886, -0.03616155086554029, -0.1448229509374114, 0.1313994858543813, -0.15283492929945608, -0.17769862220742974, 0.10269747643658676, 0.11777282816985128, 0.1702210728338837, -0.10037764806643312, 0.18226819280511225, -0.15072639683122133, 0.09756349700940203, 0.16475278596935453, 0.03804367344801118, 0.15078702014174034, 0.13591429686845363, 0.10637284687888131, 0.15838035520286534, 0.00013863889905972547, 0.03195616168913995, -0.3200331360060519, -0.13668701072484032, -0.2361267026352259, 0.096799852250486, -0.11744795407441391, -0.138194137202183, 0.33815594166390545, 0.0829508316015736, 0.21781686106443304, 0.09894090068928872, 0.21087193350960204, 0.06788133079151236, 0.03473440674608763, 0.14763522291948802, 0.12279038841627873, 0.10958203653880984, -0.019531130632322258, -0.17896161841697433, 0.06530082242905486, 0.11517816108531084] |
711.2999 | Solvable Metric Growing Networks | Structure and dynamics of complex networks usually deal with degree
distributions, clustering, shortest path lengths and other graph properties.
Although these concepts have been analysed for graphs on abstract spaces, many
networks happen to be embedded in a metric arrangement, where the geographic
distance between vertices plays a crucial role. The present work proposes a
model for growing network that takes into account the geographic distance
between vertices: the probability that they are connected is higher if they are
located nearer than farther. In this framework, the mean degree of vertices,
degree distribution and shortest path length between two randomly chosen
vertices are analysed.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | structure and dynamics of complex networks usually deal with degree distributions clustering shortest path lengths and other graph properties although these concepts have been analysed for graphs on abstract spaces many networks happen to be embedded in a metric arrangement where the geographic distance between vertices plays a crucial role the present work proposes a model for growing network that takes into account the geographic distance between vertices the probability that they are connected is higher if they are located nearer than farther in this framework the mean degree of vertices degree distribution and shortest path length between two randomly chosen vertices are analysed | [['structure', 'and', 'dynamics', 'of', 'complex', 'networks', 'usually', 'deal', 'with', 'degree', 'distributions', 'clustering', 'shortest', 'path', 'lengths', 'and', 'other', 'graph', 'properties', 'although', 'these', 'concepts', 'have', 'been', 'analysed', 'for', 'graphs', 'on', 'abstract', 'spaces', 'many', 'networks', 'happen', 'to', 'be', 'embedded', 'in', 'a', 'metric', 'arrangement', 'where', 'the', 'geographic', 'distance', 'between', 'vertices', 'plays', 'a', 'crucial', 'role', 'the', 'present', 'work', 'proposes', 'a', 'model', 'for', 'growing', 'network', 'that', 'takes', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'geographic', 'distance', 'between', 'vertices', 'the', 'probability', 'that', 'they', 'are', 'connected', 'is', 'higher', 'if', 'they', 'are', 'located', 'nearer', 'than', 'farther', 'in', 'this', 'framework', 'the', 'mean', 'degree', 'of', 'vertices', 'degree', 'distribution', 'and', 'shortest', 'path', 'length', 'between', 'two', 'randomly', 'chosen', 'vertices', 'are', 'analysed']] | [-0.16913596437706685, 0.14185787701325564, -0.06653209047195, 0.09307995609616718, -0.08798668710425353, -0.1493427135909979, 0.0014640440819605899, 0.48188565767458597, -0.283418786582143, -0.3088173103841165, 0.028100533337027837, -0.31596497242124033, -0.17959323595277965, 0.11312296582932155, -0.04718914415794783, -0.030705482797482267, 0.10266025817019489, 0.0877033023459192, 0.008388618208790341, -0.23204752082333122, 0.32251276035990134, 0.021858910537468128, 0.25776421166777325, 0.03694685306982137, 0.07728473422601102, 0.03266661301201496, -0.01260974601959438, 0.09534708293078718, -0.12626438171117535, 0.1416231304890691, 0.255447515389488, 0.14224268601929696, 0.2845122796447518, -0.4466907088107501, -0.23619359086912411, 0.1987054995350683, 0.1516224040936392, 0.021034994350674633, 0.027229902928901047, -0.24888973495958802, 0.09880911191710486, -0.08113343258040774, -0.12191532656120566, 0.034351671102250785, 0.09092069647830123, 0.037181494784398146, -0.18717944502378275, 0.019214823613695513, 0.03159267698916105, 0.0562974876509263, 0.0428624204852475, -0.14975953896422511, -0.05687018609247529, 0.20376582541771662, -0.023481127961601417, 0.0733062172769748, 0.08407623610289122, -0.08595989140135665, -0.11908288659581628, 0.3650263135563224, 0.04994871320643422, -0.2125999174806146, 0.16497349142893933, -0.10523823657646202, -0.14608409067687506, 0.10675302285772677, 0.2274598073787414, 0.12544855408263034, -0.17762242700924757, 0.03953906748938607, -0.021121447682022475, 0.13757184770209, 0.10720433910878804, 0.09867859013880101, 0.2179115070921398, 0.17404198705872448, 0.10814361656789864, 0.11969248397116854, -0.07230432295965819, -0.16651342238037614, -0.2423619430539055, -0.10025753891274619, -0.19739432355877048, 0.012674013081078347, -0.18638060917104526, -0.1479720301890316, 0.36594405420160353, 0.12729002417360719, 0.2582166145976561, 0.08220411067864355, 0.25256206997885156, 0.04404009032385567, 0.10722899038004331, 0.16520416646604785, 0.1741053992054031, 0.11245648728240318, 0.021421637112955347, -0.10944826528877737, 0.13597366849829157, 0.11713255515832525] |
711.3 | Quantum Mechanics and imprecise probability | An extension of the Born rule, the {\it quantum typicality rule}, has
recently been proposed [B. Galvan: Found. Phys. 37, 1540-1562 (2007)]. Roughly
speaking, this rule states that if the wave function of a particle is split
into non-overlapping wave packets, the particle stays approximately inside the
support of one of the wave packets, without jumping to the others.
In this paper a formal definition of this rule is given in terms of {\it
imprecise probability}. An imprecise probability space is a measurable space
$(\Omega, {\cal A})$ endowed with a {\it set} of probability measures $\cal P$.
The quantum formalism and the quantum typicality rule allow us to define a set
of probabilities ${\cal P}_\Psi$ on $(X^T, {\cal F})$, where $X$ is the
configuration space of a quantum system, $T$ is a time interval and ${\cal F}$
is the $\sigma$-algebra generated by the cylinder sets. Thus, it is proposed
that a quantum system can be represented as the {\it imprecise stochastic
process} $(X^T, {\cal F}, {\cal P}_\Psi)$, which is a canonical stochastic
process in which the single probability measure is replaced by a set of
measures. It is argued that this mathematical model, when used to represent
macroscopic systems, has sufficient predictive power to explain both the
results of the statistical experiments and the quasi-classical structure of the
macroscopic evolution.
| quant-ph | an extension of the born rule the it quantum typicality rule has recently been proposed b galvan found phys 37 15401562 2007 roughly speaking this rule states that if the wave function of a particle is split into nonoverlapping wave packets the particle stays approximately inside the support of one of the wave packets without jumping to the others in this paper a formal definition of this rule is given in terms of it imprecise probability an imprecise probability space is a measurable space omega cal a endowed with a it set of probability measures cal p the quantum formalism and the quantum typicality rule allow us to define a set of probabilities cal p_psi on xt cal f where x is the configuration space of a quantum system t is a time interval and cal f is the sigmaalgebra generated by the cylinder sets thus it is proposed that a quantum system can be represented as the it imprecise stochastic process xt cal f cal p_psi which is a canonical stochastic process in which the single probability measure is replaced by a set of measures it is argued that this mathematical model when used to represent macroscopic systems has sufficient predictive power to explain both the results of the statistical experiments and the quasiclassical structure of the macroscopic evolution | [['an', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'born', 'rule', 'the', 'it', 'quantum', 'typicality', 'rule', 'has', 'recently', 'been', 'proposed', 'b', 'galvan', 'found', 'phys', '37', '15401562', '2007', 'roughly', 'speaking', 'this', 'rule', 'states', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'wave', 'function', 'of', 'a', 'particle', 'is', 'split', 'into', 'nonoverlapping', 'wave', 'packets', 'the', 'particle', 'stays', 'approximately', 'inside', 'the', 'support', 'of', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'packets', 'without', 'jumping', 'to', 'the', 'others', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'a', 'formal', 'definition', 'of', 'this', 'rule', 'is', 'given', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'it', 'imprecise', 'probability', 'an', 'imprecise', 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711.3001 | Formation of Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters | In this contribution we discuss how neutron stars are produced and retained
in globular clusters, outlining the most important dynamical channels and
evolutionary events that affect thepopulation of mass-transferring binaries
with neutron stars and result in the formation of recycled pulsars. We confirm
the importance of electron-capture supernovae in globular clusters as the major
supplier of retained neutron stars.By comparing the observed millisecond pulsar
population and the results obtained from simulations, we discuss several
constraints on the evolution of mass-transferring systems.In particular, we
find that in our cluster model the following mass-gaining events create
populations of MSPs that do not match the observations (with respect to binary
periods and companion masses or the number of produced systems) and therefore
likely do not lead to NSs spun up to millisecond periods: (i) accretion during
a common envelope event with a NS formed through accretion-induced collapse,
and (ii) mass transfer from a WD donor. By restricting ourselves to the
evolutionary and dynamical paths that most likely lead to neutron star
recycling, we obtain good agreement between our models and the numbers and
characteristics of observed millisecond pulsars in the clusters Terzan 5 and 47
Tuc.
| astro-ph | in this contribution we discuss how neutron stars are produced and retained in globular clusters outlining the most important dynamical channels and evolutionary events that affect thepopulation of masstransferring binaries with neutron stars and result in the formation of recycled pulsars we confirm the importance of electroncapture supernovae in globular clusters as the major supplier of retained neutron starsby comparing the observed millisecond pulsar population and the results obtained from simulations we discuss several constraints on the evolution of masstransferring systemsin particular we find that in our cluster model the following massgaining events create populations of msps that do not match the observations with respect to binary periods and companion masses or the number of produced systems and therefore likely do not lead to nss spun up to millisecond periods i accretion during a common envelope event with a ns formed through accretioninduced collapse and ii mass transfer from a wd donor by restricting ourselves to the evolutionary and dynamical paths that most likely lead to neutron star recycling we obtain good agreement between our models and the numbers and characteristics of observed millisecond pulsars in the clusters terzan 5 and 47 tuc | [['in', 'this', 'contribution', 'we', 'discuss', 'how', 'neutron', 'stars', 'are', 'produced', 'and', 'retained', 'in', 'globular', 'clusters', 'outlining', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'dynamical', 'channels', 'and', 'evolutionary', 'events', 'that', 'affect', 'thepopulation', 'of', 'masstransferring', 'binaries', 'with', 'neutron', 'stars', 'and', 'result', 'in', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'recycled', 'pulsars', 'we', 'confirm', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'electroncapture', 'supernovae', 'in', 'globular', 'clusters', 'as', 'the', 'major', 'supplier', 'of', 'retained', 'neutron', 'starsby', 'comparing', 'the', 'observed', 'millisecond', 'pulsar', 'population', 'and', 'the', 'results', 'obtained', 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711.3002 | Probing phase coexistence and stabilization of the spin-ordered
ferrimagnetic state by Calcium addition in the YBa_{1-x}Ca_{x}Co_{2}O_{5.5}
layered cobaltites using neutron diffraction | In this article we study the effects of a partial substitution of Ba with the
smaller cation Ca in the layered cobaltites YBaCo_2O_{5+\delta} for \delta
\approx 0.5. Neutron thermodiffractograms are reported for the compounds
YBa_{0.95}Ca_{0.05}Co_2O_{5.5} (x_{Ca}=0.05) and YBa_{0.90}Ca_{0.10}Co_2O_{5.5}
(x_{Ca}=0.10) in the temperature range 20 K \leq T \leq 300 K, as well as high
resolution neutron diffraction experiments at selected temperatures for the
samples x_{Ca}=0.05, x_{Ca}=0.10 and the parent compound x_{Ca}=0. We have
found the magnetic properties to be strongly affected by the cationic
substitution. Although the "122" perovskite structure seems unaffected by Ca
addition, the magnetic arrangements of Co ions are drastically modified: the
antiferromagnetic (AFM) long-range order is destroyed, and a ferrimagnetic
phase with spin state order is stabilized below T \sim 290 K. For the sample
with x_{Ca}=0.05 a fraction of AFM phase coexists with the ferrimagnetic one
below T \sim 190 K, whereas for x_{Ca}=0.10 the AFM order is completely lost.
The systematic refinement of the whole series has allowed for a better
understanding of the observed low-temperature diffraction patterns of the
parent compound, YBaCo_2O_{5.5}, which had not yet been clarified. A two-phase
scenario is proposed for the x_{Ca}=0 compound which is compatible with the
phase coexistence observed in the x_{Ca}=0.05 sample.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in this article we study the effects of a partial substitution of ba with the smaller cation ca in the layered cobaltites ybaco_2o_5delta for delta approx 05 neutron thermodiffractograms are reported for the compounds yba_095ca_005co_2o_55 x_ca005 and yba_090ca_010co_2o_55 x_ca010 in the temperature range 20 k leq t leq 300 k as well as high resolution neutron diffraction experiments at selected temperatures for the samples x_ca005 x_ca010 and the parent compound x_ca0 we have found the magnetic properties to be strongly affected by the cationic substitution although the 122 perovskite structure seems unaffected by ca addition the magnetic arrangements of co ions are drastically modified the antiferromagnetic afm longrange order is destroyed and a ferrimagnetic phase with spin state order is stabilized below t sim 290 k for the sample with x_ca005 a fraction of afm phase coexists with the ferrimagnetic one below t sim 190 k whereas for x_ca010 the afm order is completely lost the systematic refinement of the whole series has allowed for a better understanding of the observed lowtemperature diffraction patterns of the parent compound ybaco_2o_55 which had not yet been clarified a twophase scenario is proposed for the x_ca0 compound which is compatible with the phase coexistence observed in the x_ca005 sample | [['in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'a', 'partial', 'substitution', 'of', 'ba', 'with', 'the', 'smaller', 'cation', 'ca', 'in', 'the', 'layered', 'cobaltites', 'ybaco_2o_5delta', 'for', 'delta', 'approx', '05', 'neutron', 'thermodiffractograms', 'are', 'reported', 'for', 'the', 'compounds', 'yba_095ca_005co_2o_55', 'x_ca005', 'and', 'yba_090ca_010co_2o_55', 'x_ca010', 'in', 'the', 'temperature', 'range', '20', 'k', 'leq', 't', 'leq', '300', 'k', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'high', 'resolution', 'neutron', 'diffraction', 'experiments', 'at', 'selected', 'temperatures', 'for', 'the', 'samples', 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711.3003 | Electroweak Physics at the ILC | Some aspects of electroweak physics at the International Linear Collider
(ILC) are reviewed. The importance of precision measurements in the Higgs
sector and in top-quark physics is emphasized, and the physics potential of the
GigaZ option of the ILC is discussed. It is shown in particular that even in a
scenario where the states of new physics are so heavy that they would be
outside of the reach of the LHC and the first phase of the ILC, the GigaZ
precision on the effective weak mixing angle may nevertheless allow the
detection of quantum effects of new physics.
| hep-ph | some aspects of electroweak physics at the international linear collider ilc are reviewed the importance of precision measurements in the higgs sector and in topquark physics is emphasized and the physics potential of the gigaz option of the ilc is discussed it is shown in particular that even in a scenario where the states of new physics are so heavy that they would be outside of the reach of the lhc and the first phase of the ilc the gigaz precision on the effective weak mixing angle may nevertheless allow the detection of quantum effects of new physics | [['some', 'aspects', 'of', 'electroweak', 'physics', 'at', 'the', 'international', 'linear', 'collider', 'ilc', 'are', 'reviewed', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'precision', 'measurements', 'in', 'the', 'higgs', 'sector', 'and', 'in', 'topquark', 'physics', 'is', 'emphasized', 'and', 'the', 'physics', 'potential', 'of', 'the', 'gigaz', 'option', 'of', 'the', 'ilc', 'is', 'discussed', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'in', 'particular', 'that', 'even', 'in', 'a', 'scenario', 'where', 'the', 'states', 'of', 'new', 'physics', 'are', 'so', 'heavy', 'that', 'they', 'would', 'be', 'outside', 'of', 'the', 'reach', 'of', 'the', 'lhc', 'and', 'the', 'first', 'phase', 'of', 'the', 'ilc', 'the', 'gigaz', 'precision', 'on', 'the', 'effective', 'weak', 'mixing', 'angle', 'may', 'nevertheless', 'allow', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'quantum', 'effects', 'of', 'new', 'physics']] | [-0.07289181319801898, 0.22507792882317182, -0.082980968880144, 0.12112849586695547, -0.07156020421439743, -0.1652660842804352, 0.010698441166563757, 0.2858082006248284, -0.2682463792627867, -0.26863396404387085, 0.11953370113933116, -0.2886263897585474, -0.05428217507290597, 0.21690492513969692, 0.05147820140463205, 0.0946350320555954, 0.06852654076884596, 0.036549635742296825, -0.05996473485542157, -0.26653237483103054, 0.25352721543488455, 0.1559429541265839, 0.21143342856773917, 0.1408813654264549, 0.07901268791198274, -0.006531833198244626, -0.025113938029437344, -0.027084618360184286, -0.07539086611255438, 0.08692016954978035, 0.2774650250010344, 0.11832277506722935, 0.22275827853579303, -0.36286945718967795, -0.1404748474418813, 0.11938954069640259, 0.08684707839726186, 0.1180372669466068, -0.10344702768857039, -0.295531765605342, 0.045801204790798376, -0.19388084852716372, -0.13186134911161296, -0.05051796209086113, -0.027039446145752256, -0.04225169437728366, -0.2685004586201845, 0.03946272736951015, -0.009587737265974283, 0.0380035211351149, 0.04314849102793603, -0.17010873137041926, -0.028940848388462042, 0.05686870112787096, 0.0801962428388889, -0.016906634457789515, 0.12883335506847624, -0.24885446294115818, -0.17198797696916274, 0.4472457821461923, -0.04066920824282404, -0.1561161992829103, 0.20482785434566667, -0.2581467484361587, -0.15512265514686932, 0.05320932024291584, 0.2504916682231183, 0.05754306576955987, -0.1438242168479352, 0.20187486128285242, 0.011853799356945924, 0.14388607379479088, 0.005941901612570699, 0.08870042991178224, 0.273983339389444, 0.240227716801479, 0.07240881336548803, 0.036133337094762116, -0.10025043568421839, -0.08954786066897213, -0.46454352289628315, -0.1379467287832605, -0.09010957080243649, -0.018752409487354512, -0.007835122162258795, -0.07768425236222078, 0.4131600581755748, 0.1839690253730122, 0.18561895388625183, -0.07043214063920385, 0.2709851697911698, 0.08256312193258722, 0.06693002633775384, -0.011192386919586225, 0.42464326798817265, 0.1047676531099049, 0.13647183385791675, -0.21665404956996898, 0.07533984323036952, 0.04238795041230184] |
711.3004 | Computational Methods in Quantum Field Theory | After a brief introduction to the statistical description of data, these
lecture notes focus on quantum field theories as they emerge from lattice
models in the critical limit. For the simulation of these lattice models,
Markov chain Monte-Carlo methods are widely used. We discuss the heat bath and,
more modern, cluster algorithms. The Ising model is used as a concrete
illustration of important concepts such as correspondence between a theory of
branes and quantum field theory or the duality map between strong and weak
couplings. The notes then discuss the inclusion of gauge symmetries in lattice
models and, in particular, the continuum limit in which quantum Yang-Mills
theories arise.
| hep-lat | after a brief introduction to the statistical description of data these lecture notes focus on quantum field theories as they emerge from lattice models in the critical limit for the simulation of these lattice models markov chain montecarlo methods are widely used we discuss the heat bath and more modern cluster algorithms the ising model is used as a concrete illustration of important concepts such as correspondence between a theory of branes and quantum field theory or the duality map between strong and weak couplings the notes then discuss the inclusion of gauge symmetries in lattice models and in particular the continuum limit in which quantum yangmills theories arise | [['after', 'a', 'brief', 'introduction', 'to', 'the', 'statistical', 'description', 'of', 'data', 'these', 'lecture', 'notes', 'focus', 'on', 'quantum', 'field', 'theories', 'as', 'they', 'emerge', 'from', 'lattice', 'models', 'in', 'the', 'critical', 'limit', 'for', 'the', 'simulation', 'of', 'these', 'lattice', 'models', 'markov', 'chain', 'montecarlo', 'methods', 'are', 'widely', 'used', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'heat', 'bath', 'and', 'more', 'modern', 'cluster', 'algorithms', 'the', 'ising', 'model', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'concrete', 'illustration', 'of', 'important', 'concepts', 'such', 'as', 'correspondence', 'between', 'a', 'theory', 'of', 'branes', 'and', 'quantum', 'field', 'theory', 'or', 'the', 'duality', 'map', 'between', 'strong', 'and', 'weak', 'couplings', 'the', 'notes', 'then', 'discuss', 'the', 'inclusion', 'of', 'gauge', 'symmetries', 'in', 'lattice', 'models', 'and', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'continuum', 'limit', 'in', 'which', 'quantum', 'yangmills', 'theories', 'arise']] | [-0.07224703265606093, 0.16859391734106552, -0.08904234089230725, 0.14437717528812963, -0.03064835409061351, -0.16350111330714112, 0.018341152467380422, 0.35150953238710353, -0.2438982319078246, -0.2719607285283711, 0.12330059380988258, -0.27816326003692565, -0.1760134752775722, 0.17701966053626816, -0.009213337751635171, 0.04377868082032565, 0.04728306806539485, 0.032403700070780354, -0.09847557711855022, -0.23856202622132222, 0.30416275244718843, 0.04417905492233881, 0.29518737377803944, 0.07009590581623376, 0.09517828010662391, 0.024414696265012026, 0.002092536188525344, 0.02492251134810781, -0.16351650278468471, 0.12150779635636905, 0.2626266443053324, 0.06450461163484586, 0.1987474774343705, -0.4948332495132991, -0.22227789430853423, 0.0733544805745056, 0.10719519859038874, 0.18907714242418938, 0.001328041944027998, -0.29477677507958283, 0.01221298958268871, -0.17217786824159803, -0.09746903546876487, -0.09104287037262779, -0.03832171624312775, 0.006786660308343008, -0.1941488161736484, 0.06160665228706571, 0.07969529543994763, 0.14004090772685382, -0.006122087084938165, -0.09172299330831941, -0.00733026852745802, 0.1147308642484692, 0.08249850195315624, 0.03795455441887089, 0.11978022071507273, -0.20041031576693058, -0.18178768397454137, 0.40532870092343776, -0.07205012176664324, -0.16718611274974063, 0.22503317673498371, -0.06738861361860272, -0.19162586324745703, 0.012232160400770126, 0.18185756833574504, 0.11250712010590787, -0.13750153622769434, 0.16002157398653344, -0.010383064020478483, 0.12950540342530525, -0.011882289846795142, 0.05656953519338383, 0.2788465541249158, 0.11000069541591775, -0.009485295401253832, 0.1519046791171262, -0.015212589577951153, -0.21563837446973, -0.39717048283563844, -0.12897095338595227, -0.15075194704935913, 0.08554250699544855, -0.10585274916396417, -0.18928678379898226, 0.33288694616116654, 0.21046655077927026, 0.15131661819439346, 0.0061567525877061925, 0.20504204546092847, 0.13027274561725521, 0.02806871919839327, 0.003733181141513408, 0.18677496232429877, 0.22647669946415983, 0.08120844972858188, -0.1628800232941712, -0.08228706990778788, 0.15148956426675644] |
711.3005 | Gamma Ray Burst engine activity within the quark nova scenario: Prompt
emission, X-ray Plateau, and sharp drop-off | We present a three-stage model for a long GRB inner engine to explain the
prompt gamma ray emission, and interpret recent Swift satellite observations of
early X-ray afterglow plateaus followed by a sharp drop off or a shallow power
law decay. The three stages involves a neutron star phase, a quark star (QS)
and a black hole phase as described in Staff et al. (2007). We find that the QS
stage allows for more energy to be extracted from neutron star to QS conversion
as well as from ensuing accretion onto the QS. The QS accretion phase naturally
extends the engine activity and can account for both the prompt emission and
irregular early X-ray afterglow activity. Following the accretion phase, the QS
can spin-down by emission of a baryon-free outflow. The magnetar-like magnetic
field strengths resulting from the NS to QS transition provide enough spin-down
energy, for the correct amount of time, to account for the plateau in the X-ray
afterglow. In our model, a sharp drop-off following the plateau occurs when the
QS collapses to a BH during the spin-down, thus shutting-off the secondary
outflow. We applied our model to GRB 070110 and GRB 060607A and found that we
can consistently account for the energetics and duration during the prompt and
plateau phases.
| astro-ph | we present a threestage model for a long grb inner engine to explain the prompt gamma ray emission and interpret recent swift satellite observations of early xray afterglow plateaus followed by a sharp drop off or a shallow power law decay the three stages involves a neutron star phase a quark star qs and a black hole phase as described in staff et al 2007 we find that the qs stage allows for more energy to be extracted from neutron star to qs conversion as well as from ensuing accretion onto the qs the qs accretion phase naturally extends the engine activity and can account for both the prompt emission and irregular early xray afterglow activity following the accretion phase the qs can spindown by emission of a baryonfree outflow the magnetarlike magnetic field strengths resulting from the ns to qs transition provide enough spindown energy for the correct amount of time to account for the plateau in the xray afterglow in our model a sharp dropoff following the plateau occurs when the qs collapses to a bh during the spindown thus shuttingoff the secondary outflow we applied our model to grb 070110 and grb 060607a and found that we can consistently account for the energetics and duration during the prompt and plateau phases | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'threestage', 'model', 'for', 'a', 'long', 'grb', 'inner', 'engine', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'prompt', 'gamma', 'ray', 'emission', 'and', 'interpret', 'recent', 'swift', 'satellite', 'observations', 'of', 'early', 'xray', 'afterglow', 'plateaus', 'followed', 'by', 'a', 'sharp', 'drop', 'off', 'or', 'a', 'shallow', 'power', 'law', 'decay', 'the', 'three', 'stages', 'involves', 'a', 'neutron', 'star', 'phase', 'a', 'quark', 'star', 'qs', 'and', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'phase', 'as', 'described', 'in', 'staff', 'et', 'al', '2007', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'qs', 'stage', 'allows', 'for', 'more', 'energy', 'to', 'be', 'extracted', 'from', 'neutron', 'star', 'to', 'qs', 'conversion', 'as', 'well', 'as', 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711.3006 | Strongly paired fermions: Cold atoms and neutron matter | Experiments with cold Fermi atoms can be tuned to probe strongly interacting
fluids that are very similar to the low-density neutron matter found in the
crusts of neutron stars. In contrast to traditional superfluids and
superconductors, matter in this regime is very strongly paired, with gaps of
the order of the Fermi energy. We compute the T=0 equation of state and pairing
gap for cold atoms and low-density neutron matter as a function of the Fermi
momentum times the scattering length. Results of quantum Monte Carlo
calculations show that the equations of state are very similar. The neutron
matter pairing gap at low densities is found to be very large but, except at
the smallest densities, significantly suppressed relative to cold atoms because
of the finite effective range in the neutron-neutron interaction.
| nucl-th cond-mat.other | experiments with cold fermi atoms can be tuned to probe strongly interacting fluids that are very similar to the lowdensity neutron matter found in the crusts of neutron stars in contrast to traditional superfluids and superconductors matter in this regime is very strongly paired with gaps of the order of the fermi energy we compute the t0 equation of state and pairing gap for cold atoms and lowdensity neutron matter as a function of the fermi momentum times the scattering length results of quantum monte carlo calculations show that the equations of state are very similar the neutron matter pairing gap at low densities is found to be very large but except at the smallest densities significantly suppressed relative to cold atoms because of the finite effective range in the neutronneutron interaction | [['experiments', 'with', 'cold', 'fermi', 'atoms', 'can', 'be', 'tuned', 'to', 'probe', 'strongly', 'interacting', 'fluids', 'that', 'are', 'very', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'lowdensity', 'neutron', 'matter', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'crusts', 'of', 'neutron', 'stars', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'traditional', 'superfluids', 'and', 'superconductors', 'matter', 'in', 'this', 'regime', 'is', 'very', 'strongly', 'paired', 'with', 'gaps', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'the', 'fermi', 'energy', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 't0', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'and', 'pairing', 'gap', 'for', 'cold', 'atoms', 'and', 'lowdensity', 'neutron', 'matter', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'fermi', 'momentum', 'times', 'the', 'scattering', 'length', 'results', 'of', 'quantum', 'monte', 'carlo', 'calculations', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'state', 'are', 'very', 'similar', 'the', 'neutron', 'matter', 'pairing', 'gap', 'at', 'low', 'densities', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'very', 'large', 'but', 'except', 'at', 'the', 'smallest', 'densities', 'significantly', 'suppressed', 'relative', 'to', 'cold', 'atoms', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'finite', 'effective', 'range', 'in', 'the', 'neutronneutron', 'interaction']] | [-0.13426991732558236, 0.2798955249582474, -0.09546249175345468, 0.11959761640173383, -0.014847042816902765, -0.11357241244916098, 0.039925952821222105, 0.33067631117548, -0.2401821531679933, -0.3361499446274882, -0.0330170578372693, -0.3347929320650909, 0.012954677239935281, 0.1740759666638703, 0.06520305286782484, 0.01670826800082895, 0.036770884744879426, 0.023474620584624285, -0.15053721422516514, -0.24083255469502712, 0.34420359349160484, 0.08246554398492938, 0.2521482805622685, 0.08649209768257358, 0.02695462991356511, -0.0534802528722635, 0.06313838017398887, -0.0014848222278735855, -0.12261459422987889, 0.03959818683903326, 0.3327965742531832, -0.06963947124842723, 0.15161647495573782, -0.45835591449091834, -0.22002646189436995, 0.09468401873935804, 0.15664367159391104, 0.1433808594081325, -0.06083736383835926, -0.2735339048403231, 0.03544814595123612, -0.2200294441162524, -0.14899628538158582, -0.08824619576405508, 0.017144260603482977, 0.06155961359653509, -0.2097633715620208, 0.1029176593449048, 0.006790643041368281, -0.032382670718134526, -0.08280257264921216, -0.14288897192895864, 0.012726583765029456, -0.010867559599732473, 0.0537048194294612, 0.06173163800232225, 0.15240362806203353, -0.2203553926462491, 0.01119135424607631, 0.4173841447654096, -0.09058745047095175, -0.09887492895182787, 0.24975459584542972, -0.21447200082581153, -0.07773761021565985, 0.17487695844223103, 0.10881083562112921, 0.1230837948987204, -0.10280152475884692, 0.059771699397639495, -0.05435454834492482, 0.18691279306640904, 0.046814599002104704, 0.06993747401672105, 0.2907697572513963, 0.18544301350431686, 0.0314971174776667, 0.07803114359690384, -0.15400689078854735, -0.10748015141386229, -0.24362541056082895, -0.11949410554106263, -0.2348358358898567, -0.006911506671740702, -0.042288994141100295, -0.15572453088084745, 0.29803386450547614, 0.10480055796991412, 0.19198813966023875, -0.022346950921046577, 0.24649825847397247, 0.12713549202078755, 0.06264162388503212, 0.10225345267716682, 0.2731513769760954, 0.18925756179801698, 0.05911094346789248, -0.3287330616448978, 0.026484566430250805, -0.012579603004269302] |
711.3007 | Modulation of the gravitational waveform by the effect of radiation
reaction | When we calculate gravitational waveforms from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
(EMRIs) by metric perturbation, it is a common strategy to use the adiabatic
approximation. Under that approximation, we first calculate the linear metric
perturbation induced by geodesics orbiting a black hole, then we calculate the
adiabatic evolution of the parameters of geodesics due to the radiation
reaction effect through the calculation of the self-force. This procedure is
considered to be reasonable, however, there is no direct proof that it can
actually produce the correct waveform we would observe. In this paper, we study
the formal expression of the second order metric perturbation and show that it
be expressed as the linear metric perturbation modulated by the adiabatic
evolution of the geodesic. This evidence supports the assumption that the
adiabatic approximation can produce the correct waveform, and that the
adiabatic expansion we propose in Ref.\cite{adi} is an appropriate perturbation
expansion for studying the radiation reaction effect on the gravitational
waveform.
| gr-qc | when we calculate gravitational waveforms from extrememassratio inspirals emris by metric perturbation it is a common strategy to use the adiabatic approximation under that approximation we first calculate the linear metric perturbation induced by geodesics orbiting a black hole then we calculate the adiabatic evolution of the parameters of geodesics due to the radiation reaction effect through the calculation of the selfforce this procedure is considered to be reasonable however there is no direct proof that it can actually produce the correct waveform we would observe in this paper we study the formal expression of the second order metric perturbation and show that it be expressed as the linear metric perturbation modulated by the adiabatic evolution of the geodesic this evidence supports the assumption that the adiabatic approximation can produce the correct waveform and that the adiabatic expansion we propose in refciteadi is an appropriate perturbation expansion for studying the radiation reaction effect on the gravitational waveform | [['when', 'we', 'calculate', 'gravitational', 'waveforms', 'from', 'extrememassratio', 'inspirals', 'emris', 'by', 'metric', 'perturbation', 'it', 'is', 'a', 'common', 'strategy', 'to', 'use', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'approximation', 'under', 'that', 'approximation', 'we', 'first', 'calculate', 'the', 'linear', 'metric', 'perturbation', 'induced', 'by', 'geodesics', 'orbiting', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'then', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'geodesics', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'radiation', 'reaction', 'effect', 'through', 'the', 'calculation', 'of', 'the', 'selfforce', 'this', 'procedure', 'is', 'considered', 'to', 'be', 'reasonable', 'however', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'direct', 'proof', 'that', 'it', 'can', 'actually', 'produce', 'the', 'correct', 'waveform', 'we', 'would', 'observe', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'formal', 'expression', 'of', 'the', 'second', 'order', 'metric', 'perturbation', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'be', 'expressed', 'as', 'the', 'linear', 'metric', 'perturbation', 'modulated', 'by', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'geodesic', 'this', 'evidence', 'supports', 'the', 'assumption', 'that', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'approximation', 'can', 'produce', 'the', 'correct', 'waveform', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'expansion', 'we', 'propose', 'in', 'refciteadi', 'is', 'an', 'appropriate', 'perturbation', 'expansion', 'for', 'studying', 'the', 'radiation', 'reaction', 'effect', 'on', 'the', 'gravitational', 'waveform']] | [-0.15895006243879786, 0.10563641336221526, -0.14335577499505, 0.11738257350785156, -0.08380081959498617, -0.04382865265226708, 0.018083060508778986, 0.32729119600023693, -0.23414630841654846, -0.25744091384471035, 0.07463212209329821, -0.25103835102457267, -0.19377802600725913, 0.189412351936484, -0.021635067046213992, 0.04122222529258579, 0.08077414095019683, 0.04335292206833868, -0.08043316633362944, -0.18147816874671918, 0.3553053722806418, 0.10500418111974469, 0.20591086259064, 0.023325906882513292, 0.08533132845201553, 0.02714115264825523, -0.02080003522002162, -0.005348988465415552, -0.15065103180924594, 0.04921492600801568, 0.2359898015558242, 0.14008876064028114, 0.22862004429006424, -0.43317588359021986, -0.22603445581924647, 0.09390963945322885, 0.11612653424843955, 0.19303611534026763, -0.06105244784535339, -0.24532670102034432, 0.09335257443718803, -0.22885413494749138, -0.12885481735560086, -0.10552005891879208, 0.045972469716500014, -0.02039513200184163, -0.2742470938515348, 0.0666349346597249, 0.09438506526072533, -0.06990351714193821, -0.08207478270662996, 0.014552863547578454, 0.02224619608769456, 0.08349324097406889, 0.10510197799437894, 0.06654947429025271, 0.15736554784831616, -0.03848086027294183, -0.06993484940344039, 0.42002156095053905, -0.1529047439144984, -0.21093667299152377, 0.1052706945174111, -0.17139652425733706, -0.09091917402707995, 0.11550192837006389, 0.15057434848336598, 0.17617001592850265, -0.16054015438781696, 0.09683387972435388, 0.06495385941189642, 0.16582837767857248, 0.13659222836558443, -0.02210068332631356, 0.22126602111026072, 0.08397525805048645, 0.043704722327395126, 0.13269930951542053, -0.07613476539681403, -0.07994330218897606, -0.3274868103639724, -0.1149373415690393, -0.19580428985696366, 0.08423505158115847, -0.1426581417718598, -0.20397091848560825, 0.37244680339995867, 0.1665971526482071, 0.13633191293905464, 0.050319745360563196, 0.347853469548938, 0.19834002870573805, 0.015562788347522609, 0.08443207926570605, 0.35414140807010996, 0.11609322905916578, 0.019055980800961454, -0.26198375025836496, 0.05395254304853435, 0.09289977190275796] |
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