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712.0779 | Frequency-dependent fluctuation-dissipation relations in granular gases | The Green-Kubo relation for two models of granular gases is discussed. In the
Maxwell model in any dimension, the effective temperature obtained from the
Green-Kubo relation is shown to be frequency independent, and equal to the
average kinetic energy, known as the granular temperature. In the second model
analyzed, a mean-field granular gas, the collision rate of a particle is taken
to be proportional to its velocity. The Green-Kubo relation in the high
frequency limit is calculated for this model, and the effective temperature in
this limit is shown to be equal to the granular temperature. This result, taken
together with previous results, showing a difference between the effective
temperature at zero frequency (the Einstein relation) and the granular
temperature, shows that the Green-Kubo relation for granular gases is violated.
| cond-mat.soft cond-mat.stat-mech | the greenkubo relation for two models of granular gases is discussed in the maxwell model in any dimension the effective temperature obtained from the greenkubo relation is shown to be frequency independent and equal to the average kinetic energy known as the granular temperature in the second model analyzed a meanfield granular gas the collision rate of a particle is taken to be proportional to its velocity the greenkubo relation in the high frequency limit is calculated for this model and the effective temperature in this limit is shown to be equal to the granular temperature this result taken together with previous results showing a difference between the effective temperature at zero frequency the einstein relation and the granular temperature shows that the greenkubo relation for granular gases is violated | [['the', 'greenkubo', 'relation', 'for', 'two', 'models', 'of', 'granular', 'gases', 'is', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'maxwell', 'model', 'in', 'any', 'dimension', 'the', 'effective', 'temperature', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'greenkubo', 'relation', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'frequency', 'independent', 'and', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'average', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'known', 'as', 'the', 'granular', 'temperature', 'in', 'the', 'second', 'model', 'analyzed', 'a', 'meanfield', 'granular', 'gas', 'the', 'collision', 'rate', 'of', 'a', 'particle', 'is', 'taken', 'to', 'be', 'proportional', 'to', 'its', 'velocity', 'the', 'greenkubo', 'relation', 'in', 'the', 'high', 'frequency', 'limit', 'is', 'calculated', 'for', 'this', 'model', 'and', 'the', 'effective', 'temperature', 'in', 'this', 'limit', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'equal', 'to', 'the', 'granular', 'temperature', 'this', 'result', 'taken', 'together', 'with', 'previous', 'results', 'showing', 'a', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'effective', 'temperature', 'at', 'zero', 'frequency', 'the', 'einstein', 'relation', 'and', 'the', 'granular', 'temperature', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'greenkubo', 'relation', 'for', 'granular', 'gases', 'is', 'violated']] | [-0.10430008278523858, 0.20585990568551307, -0.1224890226068405, 0.06586338204170505, -0.01040213961655704, -0.11208439893447436, 0.029737475170538975, 0.3132310312312956, -0.2590092196774024, -0.26816746027996907, 0.03503829745772796, -0.28420050836956273, -0.061510741882599314, 0.20261377025162802, 0.0017076578277807968, 0.06634131424585715, -0.031032347217058907, 0.07576831716757554, -0.07683051319148104, -0.21099731916418443, 0.2647444047033787, 0.10092464096557635, 0.3402896668350037, 0.10346867986596547, 0.11793464496015356, -0.05195732186727512, -0.009904186244910726, 0.10029307290768394, -0.17537555605953317, 0.00940399757371499, 0.2509646211620118, -0.03158618706024404, 0.17935555699066474, -0.3677860392830693, -0.2435907577451032, 0.06689640887242813, 0.09663475509912062, 0.10088685262375154, 0.013962612162308338, -0.22501709494883051, 0.01374678985000803, -0.1936734652433258, -0.17862438028678299, -0.025329669679586705, 0.06325083232054916, 0.016612461420635764, -0.26686306456820325, 0.15750361094631862, 0.07058766025763291, 0.06331144871476752, -0.10367535249276373, -0.1098130455133147, -0.01876198141119228, 0.08792336532541623, 0.06416805601195218, 0.040601770307582156, 0.15185688828619626, -0.11930956423390084, 0.007375288736791565, 0.4035470766695933, -0.11905926360318866, -0.18632131703197957, 0.23257162656205205, -0.16575102751644757, -0.051127965973976716, 0.11082367192810545, 0.11412589634195543, 0.03336904575475133, -0.2029872594266915, 0.04495739661595927, -0.0565782709297939, 0.1895339955557854, 0.05237897438212083, -0.027874454529955982, 0.2260974010739189, 0.18223642364072684, 4.444138075296695e-05, 0.15462516407177856, -0.0601259510892515, -0.09907913373854871, -0.27292538293852253, -0.16900165937840939, -0.24623660078236403, 0.02382612663249557, -0.11656836153762505, -0.11265981070330151, 0.3065925194093814, 0.18323069767166789, 0.19422434667985028, 0.09492588890000031, 0.30671027314204435, 0.22889386388885144, 0.0698506586253643, 0.08703225856073774, 0.3060123207549063, 0.19835787968566784, 0.14756397520765088, -0.286063800096879, 0.01510847222704727, 0.08297369605324302] |
712.078 | Infrared finite ghost propagator in the Feynman gauge | We demonstrate how to obtain from the Schwinger-Dyson equations of QCD an
infrared finite ghost propagator in the Feynman gauge. The key ingredient in
this construction is the longitudinal form factor of the non-perturbative
gluon-ghost vertex, which, contrary to what happens in the Landau gauge,
contributes non-trivially to the gap equation of the ghost. The detailed study
of the corresponding vertex equation reveals that in the presence of a
dynamical infrared cutoff this form factor remains finite in the limit of
vanishing ghost momentum. This, in turn, allows the ghost self-energy to reach
a finite value in the infrared, without having to assume any additional
properties for the gluon-ghost vertex, such as the presence of massless poles.
The implications of this result and possible future directions are briefly
outlined.
| hep-ph | we demonstrate how to obtain from the schwingerdyson equations of qcd an infrared finite ghost propagator in the feynman gauge the key ingredient in this construction is the longitudinal form factor of the nonperturbative gluonghost vertex which contrary to what happens in the landau gauge contributes nontrivially to the gap equation of the ghost the detailed study of the corresponding vertex equation reveals that in the presence of a dynamical infrared cutoff this form factor remains finite in the limit of vanishing ghost momentum this in turn allows the ghost selfenergy to reach a finite value in the infrared without having to assume any additional properties for the gluonghost vertex such as the presence of massless poles the implications of this result and possible future directions are briefly outlined | [['we', 'demonstrate', 'how', 'to', 'obtain', 'from', 'the', 'schwingerdyson', 'equations', 'of', 'qcd', 'an', 'infrared', 'finite', 'ghost', 'propagator', 'in', 'the', 'feynman', 'gauge', 'the', 'key', 'ingredient', 'in', 'this', 'construction', 'is', 'the', 'longitudinal', 'form', 'factor', 'of', 'the', 'nonperturbative', 'gluonghost', 'vertex', 'which', 'contrary', 'to', 'what', 'happens', 'in', 'the', 'landau', 'gauge', 'contributes', 'nontrivially', 'to', 'the', 'gap', 'equation', 'of', 'the', 'ghost', 'the', 'detailed', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'vertex', 'equation', 'reveals', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'dynamical', 'infrared', 'cutoff', 'this', 'form', 'factor', 'remains', 'finite', 'in', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'vanishing', 'ghost', 'momentum', 'this', 'in', 'turn', 'allows', 'the', 'ghost', 'selfenergy', 'to', 'reach', 'a', 'finite', 'value', 'in', 'the', 'infrared', 'without', 'having', 'to', 'assume', 'any', 'additional', 'properties', 'for', 'the', 'gluonghost', 'vertex', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'massless', 'poles', 'the', 'implications', 'of', 'this', 'result', 'and', 'possible', 'future', 'directions', 'are', 'briefly', 'outlined']] | [-0.13187233684584498, 0.17072482780445558, -0.12834866082136945, 0.07239080157019054, -0.120774917820714, -0.04590569658641696, 0.038797819741474567, 0.2992019168021836, -0.22436783064243404, -0.2330246752077468, 0.04042671456843454, -0.24843924885713622, -0.13908661078921583, 0.09189252037908738, -0.015850606309466584, 0.018229602864950664, 0.022529207249424716, 0.07642230600147515, -0.05686629375906719, -0.24196515236114866, 0.37604534831042435, 0.029530773386936778, 0.23915805744888016, 0.12842109192942464, 0.09709208713512318, 0.05069498033641816, -0.0482793432252496, -0.02683816653091547, -0.12368820928035587, 0.03641261855255841, 0.2343431388627189, 0.03337701830233252, 0.2446083034210037, -0.3874605379334485, -0.19252512984626652, 0.08945202209820696, 0.18257797545890592, 0.13793825336042503, -0.01543469136479751, -0.2171482157337573, 0.062087585928023235, -0.14743487843918765, -0.25660026502838834, -0.05443732292470775, -0.04816719636414922, -0.06905348744972559, -0.24272383485610285, 0.08882439972890556, 0.02645485215281613, 0.00035374231867549955, -0.04355087922479914, -0.1375408788254961, -0.03910933154122543, 0.11489787299272626, 0.08681730890300038, 0.07353237734262853, 0.07897134702780163, -0.25264785942700946, -0.10711733870164947, 0.3912677660209033, -0.078205827140798, -0.20477044423536736, 0.14472273539015373, -0.18918626206067873, -0.124487497518922, 0.13342846391809193, 0.07888552870117706, 0.11368379872581062, -0.17900077478830204, 0.17940695213412058, -0.03726616884444573, 0.11893971448460984, 0.09369844145885156, 0.09694871147228189, 0.19125718240763329, 0.11232200316550542, 0.050595144313478536, 0.16020361853893414, -0.0302300090538771, -0.1121541122881544, -0.41551139646087043, -0.12862844195225015, -0.12913592105059948, 0.1105517274880594, -0.1139536875140151, -0.208125790826572, 0.37948348282569255, 0.1944111740844827, 0.17902829396256872, -0.002886798397941125, 0.2739682378483821, 0.1782778092152836, 0.11302371644559353, 0.05848467957531644, 0.26113152683734203, 0.1361594974205923, 0.09114568832135478, -0.31588712521799833, -0.06373482147978922, 0.11441925453209831] |
712.0781 | The flavor problem and discrete symmetries | In this letter we propose a multi-Higgs extension of the standard model with
Abelian and non-Abelian discrete symmetries in which the mass matrices of the
charged fermions obtained from renormalizable interactions are diagonal.
Corrections induced by non-renormalizable interactions deviate these matrices
from the diagonal form. Active neutrinos acquire mass only from
non-renormalizable interactions. The main entries of the neutrino mass matrix
arise only through dimension five operators, while the diagonal entries arise
only from dimension six operators.
| hep-ph | in this letter we propose a multihiggs extension of the standard model with abelian and nonabelian discrete symmetries in which the mass matrices of the charged fermions obtained from renormalizable interactions are diagonal corrections induced by nonrenormalizable interactions deviate these matrices from the diagonal form active neutrinos acquire mass only from nonrenormalizable interactions the main entries of the neutrino mass matrix arise only through dimension five operators while the diagonal entries arise only from dimension six operators | [['in', 'this', 'letter', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'multihiggs', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'with', 'abelian', 'and', 'nonabelian', 'discrete', 'symmetries', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'mass', 'matrices', 'of', 'the', 'charged', 'fermions', 'obtained', 'from', 'renormalizable', 'interactions', 'are', 'diagonal', 'corrections', 'induced', 'by', 'nonrenormalizable', 'interactions', 'deviate', 'these', 'matrices', 'from', 'the', 'diagonal', 'form', 'active', 'neutrinos', 'acquire', 'mass', 'only', 'from', 'nonrenormalizable', 'interactions', 'the', 'main', 'entries', 'of', 'the', 'neutrino', 'mass', 'matrix', 'arise', 'only', 'through', 'dimension', 'five', 'operators', 'while', 'the', 'diagonal', 'entries', 'arise', 'only', 'from', 'dimension', 'six', 'operators']] | [-0.13084902428997705, 0.2731276610866189, 0.059041468983715664, 0.12479597574263182, -0.04505638078508246, -0.17765091571884303, 0.026584671507891896, 0.2862241869042446, -0.23765883092804777, -0.2639160778059007, 0.06108322885044693, -0.33930202648527436, -0.1382008338310792, 0.05274995006076604, 0.02274127313322932, -0.015423546448446714, 0.029003678987334882, 0.055856932495121976, -0.14021008766207893, -0.24539526964404754, 0.39978604710527826, -0.03069620925400938, 0.1799787932450508, 0.009213753939642534, 0.09747584531833599, -0.008391772989522327, -0.07905592124262074, -0.06419670903547244, 0.013472074709300483, 0.09501476269880575, 0.17760068792607878, 0.02663078372572343, 0.10975822274174009, -0.4100013818809545, -0.17687386602114935, 0.20163561892393347, 0.15368519987693274, 0.10288887728737402, -0.09730642336094147, -0.34032066495387586, -0.007102016661945101, -0.2611661200689805, -0.1524216165948397, -0.06775270268478274, -0.07641439342435885, -0.08218732785944549, -0.3295222038838577, 0.1349628923412461, 0.03146085389829301, 0.017158836718987335, -0.005975373772686565, -0.19235020294156555, -0.053654388978158114, 0.0890979112168266, 0.1411357261890594, -0.06334560290704687, 0.14795014151226873, -0.12748847962599005, -0.12131030418510948, 0.3980702239560423, -0.0836832478987174, -0.22964390398716772, 0.13979806796974176, -0.17100634069677878, -0.1486839443481491, 0.1430988023299482, 0.18022163338693126, 0.08589429514143955, -0.1994663400381997, 0.24284221907977813, -0.10577554259957238, 0.12833303365820123, 0.05246730495316835, 0.04488890936186948, 0.2251535818803233, 0.04484190022445877, 0.02793143125396077, 0.006337254150927841, 0.021256564588697215, -0.09386672673432471, -0.35475372644020364, -0.0653563910042988, -0.1787316207713508, 0.11357978737138986, -0.1328189446401477, -0.13776553937463792, 0.44522153919671553, 0.16648827049300655, 0.22525230791516504, 0.04644924472539698, 0.24693781831725078, 0.07577283954997728, 0.1818000627076858, 0.04946462990256486, 0.25543081517899774, 0.19073635330363237, 0.04209679182824473, -0.1942691484575051, -0.06404515477381163, 0.19908069949839022] |
712.0782 | Hypergeometric-Gaussian Modes | We studied a novel family of paraxial laser beams forming an overcomplete yet
nonorthogonal set of modes. These modes have a singular phase profile and are
eigenfunctions of the photon orbital angular momentum. The intensity profile is
characterized by a single brilliant ring with the singularity at its center,
where the field amplitude vanishes. The complex amplitude is proportional to
the degenerate (confluent) hypergeometric function, and therefore we term such
beams hypergeometric gaussian (HyGG) modes. Unlike the recently introduced
hypergeometric modes (Opt. Lett. {\textbf 32}, 742 (2007)), the HyGG modes
carry a finite power and have been generated in this work with a liquid-crystal
spatial light modulator. We briefly consider some sub-families of the HyGG
modes as the modified Bessel Gaussian modes, the modified exponential Gaussian
modes and the modified Laguerre-Gaussian modes.
| physics.optics math-ph math.MP | we studied a novel family of paraxial laser beams forming an overcomplete yet nonorthogonal set of modes these modes have a singular phase profile and are eigenfunctions of the photon orbital angular momentum the intensity profile is characterized by a single brilliant ring with the singularity at its center where the field amplitude vanishes the complex amplitude is proportional to the degenerate confluent hypergeometric function and therefore we term such beams hypergeometric gaussian hygg modes unlike the recently introduced hypergeometric modes opt lett textbf 32 742 2007 the hygg modes carry a finite power and have been generated in this work with a liquidcrystal spatial light modulator we briefly consider some subfamilies of the hygg modes as the modified bessel gaussian modes the modified exponential gaussian modes and the modified laguerregaussian modes | [['we', 'studied', 'a', 'novel', 'family', 'of', 'paraxial', 'laser', 'beams', 'forming', 'an', 'overcomplete', 'yet', 'nonorthogonal', 'set', 'of', 'modes', 'these', 'modes', 'have', 'a', 'singular', 'phase', 'profile', 'and', 'are', 'eigenfunctions', 'of', 'the', 'photon', 'orbital', 'angular', 'momentum', 'the', 'intensity', 'profile', 'is', 'characterized', 'by', 'a', 'single', 'brilliant', 'ring', 'with', 'the', 'singularity', 'at', 'its', 'center', 'where', 'the', 'field', 'amplitude', 'vanishes', 'the', 'complex', 'amplitude', 'is', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'degenerate', 'confluent', 'hypergeometric', 'function', 'and', 'therefore', 'we', 'term', 'such', 'beams', 'hypergeometric', 'gaussian', 'hygg', 'modes', 'unlike', 'the', 'recently', 'introduced', 'hypergeometric', 'modes', 'opt', 'lett', 'textbf', '32', '742', '2007', 'the', 'hygg', 'modes', 'carry', 'a', 'finite', 'power', 'and', 'have', 'been', 'generated', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'with', 'a', 'liquidcrystal', 'spatial', 'light', 'modulator', 'we', 'briefly', 'consider', 'some', 'subfamilies', 'of', 'the', 'hygg', 'modes', 'as', 'the', 'modified', 'bessel', 'gaussian', 'modes', 'the', 'modified', 'exponential', 'gaussian', 'modes', 'and', 'the', 'modified', 'laguerregaussian', 'modes']] | [-0.17667307049586353, 0.19086114652060188, -0.10598602733278478, 0.01915140191858606, -0.09258814646058124, -0.16309272103138606, -0.012394415838185303, 0.36623884374840243, -0.23939503570948023, -0.1887986780511159, 0.025877787825954852, -0.2941679558399218, -0.13021853022369076, 0.15251713611580658, -0.026853561842334315, 0.0976237076084186, 0.009676972986198962, -0.009378893822996002, -0.04364221861804694, -0.1892395150780706, 0.29211856048046186, 0.05709065540312705, 0.3005336726976869, -0.04630978370903793, 0.11375595755861, 0.014544928651020833, -0.012469741681618898, -0.08216353670242384, -0.15082513827435445, 0.01844206384637139, 0.21397753412637746, 0.04198758300326793, 0.25751994227792957, -0.3943082235019767, -0.2102826270839256, 0.10653583551968702, 0.18309540336485952, 0.08565335261113377, -0.0018392780530672153, -0.2741266017723264, -0.013297720690554177, -0.17854499699773663, -0.2252936083788165, -0.07777789532150509, 0.035187993760425314, 0.06476111693138425, -0.28036308931680676, 0.09406992929959387, 0.06710104126779531, 0.051481497918509624, 0.021442381813275544, -0.12925334985255066, -0.045223968804665754, -0.044448726291937586, 0.026549511424188193, 0.0336817598030338, 0.08539622591342777, -0.08356823737443791, -0.09550783702764999, 0.3180832393766402, -0.07202787310675238, -0.2340764178696907, 0.08981441633923995, -0.16447963250787076, -0.058410441831008277, 0.15618100712273383, 0.15275932657955724, 0.12946574669331312, -0.08933517441971961, 0.06899935679305627, -0.03361465288043925, 0.1429086932171644, 0.22272240884503294, 0.1034043093183727, 0.2283625201230417, 0.05793126987886022, -0.039608985672230396, 0.14489793501067624, -0.1171136288938931, -0.07135524036306323, -0.28347152774222195, -0.11428638273377367, -0.1863401005394928, 0.014714760478289629, -0.0447666090361908, -0.158043451289731, 0.4800804684390173, 0.004695019058558639, 0.15368541861376303, 0.01443286772083604, 0.27225497644571023, 0.20989980778463316, 0.05856442381980631, 0.07650333892739912, 0.24068365377752343, 0.19175387214460043, 0.1008705903641936, -0.22337852568704297, -0.0870158980974476, 0.031487700691672435] |
712.0783 | Trouble for AGN Feedback ? The puzzle of the core of the Galaxy Cluster
AWM 4 | The core of the relaxed cluster AWM 4 is characterized by a unique
combination of properties which defy a popular scenario for ANG heating of
cluster cores. A flat inner temperature profile is indicative of a past, major
heating episode which completely erased the cool core, as testified by the high
central cooling time (~ 3 Gyr) and by the high central entropy level (~ 60 keV
cm^2). Yet the presence of a 1.4 GHz active central radio galaxy with extended
radio lobes out to 100 kpc, reveals recent feeding of the central massive black
hole. A system like AWM 4 should have no radio emission at all if only feedback
from the cooling hot gas regulates the AGN activity.
| astro-ph | the core of the relaxed cluster awm 4 is characterized by a unique combination of properties which defy a popular scenario for ang heating of cluster cores a flat inner temperature profile is indicative of a past major heating episode which completely erased the cool core as testified by the high central cooling time 3 gyr and by the high central entropy level 60 kev cm2 yet the presence of a 14 ghz active central radio galaxy with extended radio lobes out to 100 kpc reveals recent feeding of the central massive black hole a system like awm 4 should have no radio emission at all if only feedback from the cooling hot gas regulates the agn activity | [['the', 'core', 'of', 'the', 'relaxed', 'cluster', 'awm', '4', 'is', 'characterized', 'by', 'a', 'unique', 'combination', 'of', 'properties', 'which', 'defy', 'a', 'popular', 'scenario', 'for', 'ang', 'heating', 'of', 'cluster', 'cores', 'a', 'flat', 'inner', 'temperature', 'profile', 'is', 'indicative', 'of', 'a', 'past', 'major', 'heating', 'episode', 'which', 'completely', 'erased', 'the', 'cool', 'core', 'as', 'testified', 'by', 'the', 'high', 'central', 'cooling', 'time', '3', 'gyr', 'and', 'by', 'the', 'high', 'central', 'entropy', 'level', '60', 'kev', 'cm2', 'yet', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', '14', 'ghz', 'active', 'central', 'radio', 'galaxy', 'with', 'extended', 'radio', 'lobes', 'out', 'to', '100', 'kpc', 'reveals', 'recent', 'feeding', 'of', 'the', 'central', 'massive', 'black', 'hole', 'a', 'system', 'like', 'awm', '4', 'should', 'have', 'no', 'radio', 'emission', 'at', 'all', 'if', 'only', 'feedback', 'from', 'the', 'cooling', 'hot', 'gas', 'regulates', 'the', 'agn', 'activity']] | [-0.09709809719430977, 0.13956377899937206, -0.018781911123985962, 0.07132644327239022, -0.039910765112204066, -0.12755191545554642, 0.08193942189997977, 0.3874877979031811, -0.1784400921038715, -0.3379070127680819, 0.12442680613988205, -0.263059430408402, 0.02852114984544657, 0.1703586530698053, -0.00033848505798664134, -0.08136742065810615, 0.011329269443117714, -0.039779938753473305, -0.03486634327899823, -0.21325346185052294, 0.2849360084500543, 0.14465700722273866, 0.18642679420970695, 0.018292303307581755, 0.091240897853622, -0.08458738059981458, -0.040265943484096706, -0.005787367718412651, -0.057915570144344244, 0.02002181845196223, 0.2343774955518449, 0.11564947525187301, 0.29698054389870265, -0.371840296360522, -0.2629387008647288, 0.040218706408484, 0.2093515417507013, 1.5778867606768164e-05, -0.11203883671975237, -0.22221489170550415, 0.10063742469380593, -0.26098987050512334, -0.1808653623358962, 0.12101389784997298, 0.07316313511534137, -0.01571985436395939, -0.15956544776652323, 0.19389588999861884, 0.054400805321258024, 0.0539858657945642, -0.08644928874732075, -0.06500147154724414, -0.05808782787062228, 0.07329182686299969, -0.03618608769897561, 0.082998905358767, 0.2860372392046344, -0.11135430433550629, -0.05783798102036876, 0.35489120891996484, -0.022820158044697118, 0.06505300052921777, 0.2706593175564687, -0.21776529060286012, -0.18666732113145418, 0.21640544359461736, 0.11385954121695989, 0.0684272694318571, -0.13717316909519545, -0.016174902863725547, -0.042134275942077956, 0.2649943072475114, 0.057273512354941436, 0.0402176527088652, 0.3851353920980404, 0.135045629326191, 0.045886213352540665, 0.1311219096996711, -0.1795090941151888, -0.038334854764043025, -0.23100692277253307, -0.06085249554993332, -0.10253364069020313, 0.10923238345855942, -0.1343535924629038, -0.09482899022000542, 0.3457268924482948, 0.0393448438795315, 0.20558928125301154, 0.0037222779336211795, 0.317499001072404, 0.08089115540398348, 0.139612577855587, 0.2008502105787649, 0.29545584426387766, 0.19772683594857296, 0.09697016677424564, -0.22995067233125033, 0.0385425319723485, -0.018447406341369123] |
712.0784 | Model for erosion-deposition patterns | We investigate through computational simulations with a pore network model
the formation of patterns caused by erosion-deposition mechanisms. In this
model, the geometry of the pore space changes dynamically as a consequence of
the coupling between the fluid flow and the movement of particles due to local
drag forces. Our results for this irreversible process show that the model is
capable to reproduce typical natural patterns caused by well known erosion
processes. Moreover, we observe that, within a certain range of porosity
values, the grains form clusters that are tilted with respect to the horizontal
with a characteristic angle. We compare our results to recent experiments for
granular material in flowing water and show that they present a satisfactory
agreement.
| physics.comp-ph physics.flu-dyn | we investigate through computational simulations with a pore network model the formation of patterns caused by erosiondeposition mechanisms in this model the geometry of the pore space changes dynamically as a consequence of the coupling between the fluid flow and the movement of particles due to local drag forces our results for this irreversible process show that the model is capable to reproduce typical natural patterns caused by well known erosion processes moreover we observe that within a certain range of porosity values the grains form clusters that are tilted with respect to the horizontal with a characteristic angle we compare our results to recent experiments for granular material in flowing water and show that they present a satisfactory agreement | [['we', 'investigate', 'through', 'computational', 'simulations', 'with', 'a', 'pore', 'network', 'model', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'patterns', 'caused', 'by', 'erosiondeposition', 'mechanisms', 'in', 'this', 'model', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'the', 'pore', 'space', 'changes', 'dynamically', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'between', 'the', 'fluid', 'flow', 'and', 'the', 'movement', 'of', 'particles', 'due', 'to', 'local', 'drag', 'forces', 'our', 'results', 'for', 'this', 'irreversible', 'process', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'capable', 'to', 'reproduce', 'typical', 'natural', 'patterns', 'caused', 'by', 'well', 'known', 'erosion', 'processes', 'moreover', 'we', 'observe', 'that', 'within', 'a', 'certain', 'range', 'of', 'porosity', 'values', 'the', 'grains', 'form', 'clusters', 'that', 'are', 'tilted', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'horizontal', 'with', 'a', 'characteristic', 'angle', 'we', 'compare', 'our', 'results', 'to', 'recent', 'experiments', 'for', 'granular', 'material', 'in', 'flowing', 'water', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'present', 'a', 'satisfactory', 'agreement']] | [-0.09773548955563456, 0.1610460538805152, -0.07195054345453779, 0.021740793395611035, -0.012414427417873715, -0.05888314375576253, 0.038699701230507345, 0.38637710601712266, -0.3069182924072569, -0.3303945415793957, 0.04607273218571208, -0.24480514409951865, -0.18856027584582383, 0.182851105107693, -0.04874858413240872, 0.014983977884912746, 0.08277760878166494, -0.031818792984510465, -0.023532959743170066, -0.1735361116627852, 0.31045447929063813, 0.07939283954134832, 0.27129039401964594, 0.07352391105523566, 0.09957535457797348, -0.05205501825160657, 0.003380000707693398, 0.08079386342894092, -0.17901248862932942, 0.07996569429336281, 0.18242892193375154, 0.02041462668372939, 0.20468388608035942, -0.4724079666504016, -0.2689380831085145, 0.06670977595786098, 0.1126767046788397, 0.10765373178292066, -0.07545897308543013, -0.2485060304791356, 0.07650815887221446, -0.15254212817914473, -0.14898966119314233, -0.05482194316573441, 0.030807488446589558, 0.05511546223424375, -0.2705752108808762, 0.10429558210501758, 0.06052476701734122, 0.04462982555560302, -0.08831187368292982, -0.05328887463159238, -0.043250819844737026, 0.11418382942307896, 0.08242249545364758, 0.008017100514067958, 0.19631925869034603, -0.14977957912584922, -0.0765116965403043, 0.43066311043997607, -0.06973182777292095, -0.18814812588389032, 0.23851455867503926, -0.1660796161275357, -0.05251238084165379, 0.1433881372058143, 0.17377571595522265, 0.08620913091872354, -0.1265503691509366, -0.009837840106532289, -0.08204237863768261, 0.16034288904823674, 0.04799077182930584, -0.03256124629072777, 0.21988448046225434, 0.19928423408418894, 0.024232118017001387, 0.15685801195213572, -0.09460720481583848, -0.1271092159518351, -0.28201047923381944, -0.1368318463753288, -0.12547519143360356, -0.012152766151120886, -0.10840272702407674, -0.14355835868045688, 0.35147170740140915, 0.16575840085279198, 0.25814922649102906, 0.0629378570337091, 0.2757134158940365, 0.045353635529560656, 0.09706126204691827, 0.07279510841278049, 0.24735696240483473, 0.11735609904474889, 0.11848499479237944, -0.24737004054477438, 0.12131550665095953, 0.0015275811272052427] |
712.0785 | Linear Complete Differential Resultants and the Implicitization of
Linear DPPEs | The linear complete differential resultant of a finite set of linear ordinary
differential polynomials is defined. We study the computation by linear
complete differential resultants of the implicit equation of a system of $n$
linear differential polynomial parametric equations in $n-1$ differential
parameters. We give necessary conditions to ensure properness of the system of
differential polynomial parametric equations.
| math.CA | the linear complete differential resultant of a finite set of linear ordinary differential polynomials is defined we study the computation by linear complete differential resultants of the implicit equation of a system of n linear differential polynomial parametric equations in n1 differential parameters we give necessary conditions to ensure properness of the system of differential polynomial parametric equations | [['the', 'linear', 'complete', 'differential', 'resultant', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'set', 'of', 'linear', 'ordinary', 'differential', 'polynomials', 'is', 'defined', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'computation', 'by', 'linear', 'complete', 'differential', 'resultants', 'of', 'the', 'implicit', 'equation', 'of', 'a', 'system', 'of', 'n', 'linear', 'differential', 'polynomial', 'parametric', 'equations', 'in', 'n1', 'differential', 'parameters', 'we', 'give', 'necessary', 'conditions', 'to', 'ensure', 'properness', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'of', 'differential', 'polynomial', 'parametric', 'equations']] | [-0.2302492967453496, -0.020605970430990744, -0.07503348401073238, 0.04868500075375276, -0.15725761349714393, -0.12675244610050115, -0.06626561162431308, 0.19444009804584342, -0.3676573333555254, -0.25970152805655683, 0.08509345832561817, -0.2326687127351761, -0.14841444215913913, 0.19299204430767689, -0.06529180833152576, 0.2123632142641421, 0.02553113389374881, 0.050476165102987455, -0.14189962015069765, -0.351353377408894, 0.38801940511269817, -0.0649078272941426, 0.1602362792232427, -0.08026975065726659, 0.26697391734041015, 0.005681606948953764, -0.10278979033745568, -0.006031956603943274, -0.18226424620711598, 0.0892722593652534, 0.3310741175865305, 0.11144248132818732, 0.24753943711904616, -0.45095289643083153, -0.08286212876856584, 0.12136171181718337, 0.09154850659602932, 0.10354887501432977, 0.02747328674163798, -0.21440398749285217, 0.09107779817462995, -0.12363670771170793, -0.19913418989243178, -0.0920050772356576, 0.030226063946711606, 0.10161860280365137, -0.34930004436394263, 0.05655521695534217, 0.14012399224307517, 0.15708287118067002, 0.00021386714170462098, -0.07526145924830102, -0.09192712484168467, -0.012386141666050616, -0.11441693958978907, -0.11089750424685792, 0.04296849990777414, -0.11132099066764631, -0.09079566084105394, 0.3404209808073135, -0.16537929145651387, -0.3169855934664093, 0.042279157458387055, -0.16212953680901435, -0.10382020190871995, 0.18708930851827407, 0.21312130695401593, 0.19901076338157572, -0.20007584121977462, 0.17677781721255903, -0.08479673140842853, 0.15561974003654103, 0.06605343191466968, -0.004192723916715075, 0.04346205262017661, 0.0984737259849649, 0.1292736967062128, 0.12570013407746267, 0.10098224512205042, -0.1509833216651118, -0.39212704482006616, -0.17778449804233065, -0.02606129421499269, 0.08119549764448712, -0.13123176852241158, -0.19915421519043117, 0.36587512265120087, 0.017227351665496826, 0.16768811418321625, 0.08523979828018567, 0.26950536388903856, 0.3182832417703045, -0.02170312437148572, -0.024503148393705487, 0.15167294345105645, 0.2767342521752841, 0.08215161897884361, -0.3011800505477807, 0.0412777477377576, 0.1711514972888961] |
712.0786 | Hausdorff hyperspaces of $R^m$ and their dense subspaces | Let $CLB_H(X)$ denote the hyperspace of closed bounded subsets of a metric
space $X$, endowed with the Hausdorff metric topology. We prove, among others,
that natural dense subspaces of $CLB_H(R^m)$ of all nowhere dense closed sets,
of all perfect sets, of all Cantor sets and of all Lebesgue measure zero sets
are homeomorphic to the Hilbert space $\ell_2$.
Moreover, we investigate the hyperspace $CL_H(R)$ of all nonempty closed
subsets of the real line $R$ with the Hausdorff (infinite-valued) metric. We
show that a nonseparable component of $CL_H(R)$ is homeomorphic to the Hilbert
space $\ell_2(2^{\aleph_0})$ as long as it does not contain any of the sets $R,
[0,\infty), (-\infty,0]$.
| math.GN | let clb_hx denote the hyperspace of closed bounded subsets of a metric space x endowed with the hausdorff metric topology we prove among others that natural dense subspaces of clb_hrm of all nowhere dense closed sets of all perfect sets of all cantor sets and of all lebesgue measure zero sets are homeomorphic to the hilbert space ell_2 moreover we investigate the hyperspace cl_hr of all nonempty closed subsets of the real line r with the hausdorff infinitevalued metric we show that a nonseparable component of cl_hr is homeomorphic to the hilbert space ell_22aleph_0 as long as it does not contain any of the sets r 0infty infty0 | [['let', 'clb_hx', 'denote', 'the', 'hyperspace', 'of', 'closed', 'bounded', 'subsets', 'of', 'a', 'metric', 'space', 'x', 'endowed', 'with', 'the', 'hausdorff', 'metric', 'topology', 'we', 'prove', 'among', 'others', 'that', 'natural', 'dense', 'subspaces', 'of', 'clb_hrm', 'of', 'all', 'nowhere', 'dense', 'closed', 'sets', 'of', 'all', 'perfect', 'sets', 'of', 'all', 'cantor', 'sets', 'and', 'of', 'all', 'lebesgue', 'measure', 'zero', 'sets', 'are', 'homeomorphic', 'to', 'the', 'hilbert', 'space', 'ell_2', 'moreover', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'hyperspace', 'cl_hr', 'of', 'all', 'nonempty', 'closed', 'subsets', 'of', 'the', 'real', 'line', 'r', 'with', 'the', 'hausdorff', 'infinitevalued', 'metric', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'a', 'nonseparable', 'component', 'of', 'cl_hr', 'is', 'homeomorphic', 'to', 'the', 'hilbert', 'space', 'ell_22aleph_0', 'as', 'long', 'as', 'it', 'does', 'not', 'contain', 'any', 'of', 'the', 'sets', 'r', '0infty', 'infty0']] | [-0.2017106552686298, 0.12517427014711413, -0.03014244752239834, 0.07430394008660743, -0.06024010970881118, -0.09028078505353442, 0.03116447387208927, 0.36769577332781356, -0.3104458592144899, -0.07478412496179197, 0.07854255174232412, -0.36515750080116494, -0.08253135253422107, 0.18734851491058843, -0.14242070482917202, 0.028869525149681614, 0.0557825086204317, 0.12523280991042413, -0.08269471608699092, -0.3090358130290236, 0.4449848683496702, -0.13384461187694258, 0.20837909218095677, 0.034971357029365394, 0.16432971000169558, -0.04920612975900757, -0.012479835031644522, 0.09928116593786823, -0.15069097372348922, 0.11690178413161086, 0.2603712415241284, 0.23580133195206956, 0.2656771757739406, -0.34829785560881626, -0.21202744370850835, 0.3177947490611701, 0.12177536841391505, -0.14531809155765957, 0.09830475339747387, -0.31693811827673785, 0.13214577455751741, -0.08998972361057418, -0.1311477829286268, -0.13547518486789997, 0.1137303523402842, 0.013891325619306814, -0.25612574421520373, -0.06845845761415051, 0.11197242429434746, 0.05706594008229022, -0.13263060257417483, -0.08748385691744032, -0.10693764309534459, 0.11157028946247928, -0.03546891433132577, 0.15120192431817644, 0.047325053419556146, 0.07003741126362849, -0.09271719634026579, 0.38706905909280465, -0.08907628170490374, -0.2936801918176482, 0.16761436236760063, -0.2778412527834219, -0.11404040434569554, 0.10916180297443011, 0.08872434612616752, 0.1334411140657889, -0.0539679508204165, 0.293350237907132, -0.16780118338279967, 0.09026667008230697, 0.10205940786948048, 0.14155841757118412, 0.11738854829782566, 0.09107493710460014, 0.1815978505296036, 0.1445014162793828, 0.006237012288958123, -0.03124541601220381, -0.38006756326310265, -0.13790968763958483, -0.19796599052706282, 0.1187825149482679, -0.16756009753074078, -0.32401371089000147, 0.308646255746954, 0.03588898191499768, 0.23313349937495675, 0.12500668802350598, 0.24911840444484962, -0.014624116085560142, 0.0025075347834149176, 0.15018634060488165, 0.045839764015043825, 0.13842549264539503, -0.08912252676356765, -0.10320212614939557, -0.008847806806160697, 0.15251429375185907] |
712.0787 | An Approximate Analytical Algorithm for Evaluating the Distances in a
Dark Energy Dominated Universe | The most recent cosmological observations indicate that the present universe
is flat and vacuum dominated. In such a universe, the distance measurements are
always difficult and involve numerical computations. In this paper, it is shown
that the most fundamental distance measurement of cosmology, the luminosity
distance, for such a universe can be obtained in an approximate analytical way
with very small errors of less than 0.02% up to %z = 5$ for any value of vacuum
energy. The analytical calculation is shown to be exceedingly efficient, as
compared to the traditional numerical methods.
| astro-ph | the most recent cosmological observations indicate that the present universe is flat and vacuum dominated in such a universe the distance measurements are always difficult and involve numerical computations in this paper it is shown that the most fundamental distance measurement of cosmology the luminosity distance for such a universe can be obtained in an approximate analytical way with very small errors of less than 002 up to z 5 for any value of vacuum energy the analytical calculation is shown to be exceedingly efficient as compared to the traditional numerical methods | [['the', 'most', 'recent', 'cosmological', 'observations', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'present', 'universe', 'is', 'flat', 'and', 'vacuum', 'dominated', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'universe', 'the', 'distance', 'measurements', 'are', 'always', 'difficult', 'and', 'involve', 'numerical', 'computations', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'most', 'fundamental', 'distance', 'measurement', 'of', 'cosmology', 'the', 'luminosity', 'distance', 'for', 'such', 'a', 'universe', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'in', 'an', 'approximate', 'analytical', 'way', 'with', 'very', 'small', 'errors', 'of', 'less', 'than', '002', 'up', 'to', 'z', '5', 'for', 'any', 'value', 'of', 'vacuum', 'energy', 'the', 'analytical', 'calculation', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'exceedingly', 'efficient', 'as', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'traditional', 'numerical', 'methods']] | [-0.0816155108749745, 0.08581288251662045, -0.09898635505637883, 0.0970286814693321, -0.053968186075191785, -0.12013057444204131, -0.015500525029062334, 0.39106066840822284, -0.21873671888707855, -0.3342131333787541, 0.12804015704719146, -0.2646558684418383, -0.0734451194141951, 0.26355718199730566, -0.023827872026468747, 0.043982965337699687, 0.07582735993049067, 0.013696285081095994, -0.0711323723308337, -0.23725611216429135, 0.2752004329054414, 0.12727047230683916, 0.2290144545663877, 0.02176576679440863, 0.05438900923700598, -0.09281330460267466, -0.05901832600711319, 0.06010908422910649, -0.14180617559395614, 0.09170363819145638, 0.2657135434489211, 0.10991034608172334, 0.2487091477656656, -0.38980702094166825, -0.1967802032241193, 0.1333626533413063, 0.17345724914617755, 0.16112899118224563, -0.06776299687360575, -0.2241859928826275, 0.11191383737605065, -0.16023946691395552, -0.13305788805566565, -0.06346157970635788, 0.03923975991125664, -0.05250332472117051, -0.26303725245246745, 0.12940498227860942, -0.04690470784376173, -0.023268599812265322, -0.033233195735627545, -0.1230246628553647, 0.02057365558879531, 0.07381119068873965, 0.08691012373935297, 0.09936423128491025, 0.1053408124514491, -0.12607721065211555, -0.07134444886089666, 0.42357512587762397, -0.06730186465305767, -0.1552191520838634, 0.18943198988942997, -0.15530807604891775, -0.09791477938162406, 0.1274954741997847, 0.10154187919966795, 0.13202047338911696, -0.14865038911407086, 0.07423636241709693, 0.021071922211178942, 0.18979453299518512, 0.05441625775647876, 0.0503777619957438, 0.2111732169236664, 0.1598295360074743, 0.07337780732094594, 0.03334798871124487, -0.05637839100951248, -0.07858197025590292, -0.32425739715361723, -0.1479863643889194, -0.21921933102219002, 0.08740751890708572, -0.14579715105450622, -0.1590870438901576, 0.30998597869335714, 0.16677086270394045, 0.21129827569340073, 0.06647734139013388, 0.31718361029482406, 0.11089678125648314, 0.06039545478542214, 0.11506733955795188, 0.34023089806103834, 0.11400525670741564, 0.06743657559601833, -0.18157508876680842, 0.06097923377250402, -0.009795118254892852] |
712.0788 | D-modules on the affine flag variety and representations of affine
Kac-Moody algebras | We study the connection between the category of modules over the affine
Kac-Moody Lie algebra at the critical level, and the category of D-modules on
the affine flag scheme G((t))/I, where I is the Iwahori subgroup.
We prove a localization-type result, which establishes an equivalence between
certain subcategories on both sides.
We also establish an equivalence between a certain subcategory of Kac-Moody
modules, and the category of quasi-coherent sheaves on the scheme of Miura
opers for the Langlands dual group, thereby proving a conjecture of [FG2].
| math.RT math.AG | we study the connection between the category of modules over the affine kacmoody lie algebra at the critical level and the category of dmodules on the affine flag scheme gti where i is the iwahori subgroup we prove a localizationtype result which establishes an equivalence between certain subcategories on both sides we also establish an equivalence between a certain subcategory of kacmoody modules and the category of quasicoherent sheaves on the scheme of miura opers for the langlands dual group thereby proving a conjecture of fg2 | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'connection', 'between', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'modules', 'over', 'the', 'affine', 'kacmoody', 'lie', 'algebra', 'at', 'the', 'critical', 'level', 'and', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'dmodules', 'on', 'the', 'affine', 'flag', 'scheme', 'gti', 'where', 'i', 'is', 'the', 'iwahori', 'subgroup', 'we', 'prove', 'a', 'localizationtype', 'result', 'which', 'establishes', 'an', 'equivalence', 'between', 'certain', 'subcategories', 'on', 'both', 'sides', 'we', 'also', 'establish', 'an', 'equivalence', 'between', 'a', 'certain', 'subcategory', 'of', 'kacmoody', 'modules', 'and', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'quasicoherent', 'sheaves', 'on', 'the', 'scheme', 'of', 'miura', 'opers', 'for', 'the', 'langlands', 'dual', 'group', 'thereby', 'proving', 'a', 'conjecture', 'of', 'fg2']] | [-0.2245160621904963, -0.026224408035781126, -0.09700941516974465, 0.05493231239690727, -0.10455474785940591, -0.14696597202334466, 0.01535660245044287, 0.3395958913620128, -0.42138019957861234, -0.16956294463340973, 0.09724121524540838, -0.156322518599133, -0.13792625680934031, 0.19820682508437787, -0.2140156219518462, -0.10513400277772615, 0.045945024602440036, 0.10445374406354371, -0.1052532369882778, -0.2846659448344347, 0.4980109024164808, -0.02373683672441646, 0.34064875824680163, 0.06400267831807913, 0.1754064618604431, 0.0228376463163904, 0.025725862022142772, -0.08978351913284251, -0.13731990287995485, 0.15019070097857135, 0.3533617485487877, 0.040263751578560575, 0.1991718384737777, -0.34564815298383406, -0.005563169533690048, 0.19634480374258792, 0.11244440997604194, 0.021364059249144914, -0.0008045202892728497, -0.3441548992684761, 0.07852703498589785, -0.23040398409546808, -0.08675536048750199, 0.0021923704094491724, 0.05387934291908561, -0.0062533742856494216, -0.229267516089495, -0.037245260262225625, 0.07149351884199437, 0.1746238193604662, -0.16139942132542992, -0.04515447052260644, -0.09954835844312816, 0.08114457006436275, -0.08063578747786841, 0.02012114971233153, 0.11014368902177138, -0.13390375754990896, -0.13750634963494227, 0.3338974049141587, -0.024385579818383206, -0.20357153277714238, 0.11761634321991614, -0.17992378587612537, -0.15983703777973735, 0.07077739400204358, 0.01197026198903142, 0.12890552764022073, 0.0410285375709104, 0.2064255629327733, -0.19172115481003774, 0.010661685636245408, 0.08404953720394609, 0.02084974371178379, 0.15495580548507182, 0.12324329521398732, 0.062271569595607215, 0.12269361127102964, 0.020406658238688008, -0.019837033258057957, -0.4332818884489148, -0.2557209269685108, -0.011106773983513894, 0.1178814843730178, -0.1229670751609076, -0.1376212501118696, 0.41769837589992337, 0.10283014656932549, 0.16077336508152618, 0.23165862422658476, 0.14750097224185632, 0.02515402281938424, 0.07128499324574288, 0.033696098529278885, 0.15158504051586807, 0.3155287998663478, -0.11217709822542316, -0.14033655601900158, -0.051942745239885395, 0.3076698849800714] |
712.0789 | Quantum Computational Method of Finding the Ground State Energy and
Expectation Values | We propose a new quantum computational way of obtaining a ground-state energy
and expectation values of observables of interacting Hamiltonians. It is based
on the combination of the adiabatic quantum evolution to project a ground state
of a non-interacting Hamiltonian onto a ground state of an interacting
Hamiltonian and the phase estimation algorithm to retrieve the ground-state
energy. The expectation value of an observable for the ground state is obtained
with the help of Hellmann-Feynman theorem. As an illustration of our method, we
consider a displaced harmonic oscillator, a quartic anharmonic oscillator,and a
potential scattering model. The results obtained by this method are in good
agreement with the known results.
| quant-ph | we propose a new quantum computational way of obtaining a groundstate energy and expectation values of observables of interacting hamiltonians it is based on the combination of the adiabatic quantum evolution to project a ground state of a noninteracting hamiltonian onto a ground state of an interacting hamiltonian and the phase estimation algorithm to retrieve the groundstate energy the expectation value of an observable for the ground state is obtained with the help of hellmannfeynman theorem as an illustration of our method we consider a displaced harmonic oscillator a quartic anharmonic oscillatorand a potential scattering model the results obtained by this method are in good agreement with the known results | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'quantum', 'computational', 'way', 'of', 'obtaining', 'a', 'groundstate', 'energy', 'and', 'expectation', 'values', 'of', 'observables', 'of', 'interacting', 'hamiltonians', 'it', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'quantum', 'evolution', 'to', 'project', 'a', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'a', 'noninteracting', 'hamiltonian', 'onto', 'a', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'an', 'interacting', 'hamiltonian', 'and', 'the', 'phase', 'estimation', 'algorithm', 'to', 'retrieve', 'the', 'groundstate', 'energy', 'the', 'expectation', 'value', 'of', 'an', 'observable', 'for', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'is', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'hellmannfeynman', 'theorem', 'as', 'an', 'illustration', 'of', 'our', 'method', 'we', 'consider', 'a', 'displaced', 'harmonic', 'oscillator', 'a', 'quartic', 'anharmonic', 'oscillatorand', 'a', 'potential', 'scattering', 'model', 'the', 'results', 'obtained', 'by', 'this', 'method', 'are', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'known', 'results']] | [-0.12505195251027326, 0.12770720841210878, -0.10755728023690642, 0.0452938532678906, 6.901677014357453e-05, -0.11440610963372735, 0.05953365353730704, 0.3453344533544615, -0.22114357486615008, -0.30588261579770015, 0.03973753751499083, -0.28880588669295704, -0.10079979624037434, 0.20572202756718963, 0.0334709002038276, 0.09473528117787866, 0.11247777403973111, 0.08456427430511888, -0.09407127969855562, -0.19083735181249406, 0.29982139974610383, 0.06793631844589948, 0.22910582651854108, 0.02329168231610995, 0.10876952444519335, 0.021120479937061804, 0.08781532136672134, -0.007740283880485307, -0.13997815798865546, 0.1606776381836384, 0.19897779581401873, 0.06268771776690259, 0.23374777772130634, -0.37828182131735555, -0.18414914755817127, 0.1136847066238027, 0.09588770887498325, 0.20257413112173933, -0.05830145162132936, -0.33724653772121177, -0.0395859207535043, -0.1904695297296612, -0.20308165655069804, -0.13075624111134115, -0.04872065739398566, -0.0014190638284070777, -0.27760689734447097, 0.08759597662853402, 0.012712780161923088, 0.01646498977762023, -0.11570043585032498, -0.10798748586019245, -0.01951427484537825, 0.10044016399412253, -0.013771260516085756, 0.05808034552359492, 0.09399238318512472, -0.14984249578652167, -0.12847922625737862, 0.39576245642720015, -0.10181814521431513, -0.18224031273959154, 0.14102528521304078, -0.07367678574893043, -0.10295239251124066, 0.11598575417670089, 0.1086618099746149, 0.11043594953595498, -0.15158570358751838, 0.10350743085551802, -0.03629817107880334, 0.15996597351831035, -0.040854496834372436, 0.03346661330619133, 0.18773098235283422, 0.14826840327181126, 0.06822328288278995, 0.18557151177590456, -0.058163080682738795, -0.16219236383881044, -0.31579706370147, -0.17421414750124062, -0.2709744995579534, 0.07825561336010968, -0.06298713072458359, -0.18477599756843452, 0.43813586679347066, 0.1420647614772235, 0.2108672324978157, 0.05043335063724753, 0.2995668937785363, 0.1771082556037523, -0.01279708653380838, 0.034460985124188076, 0.26410289958905464, 0.15986687715438733, 0.05604101939195203, -0.2725489727657186, -0.008633345395429145, 0.08523949881408945] |
712.079 | Glauber dynamics for the mean-field Ising model: cut-off, critical power
law, and metastability | We study the Glauber dynamics for the Ising model on the complete graph, also
known as the Curie-Weiss Model. For beta < 1, we prove that the dynamics
exhibits a cut-off: the distance to stationarity drops from near 1 to near 0 in
a window of order n centered at [2(1-beta)]^{-1} n log n. For beta = 1, we
prove that the mixing time is of order n^{3/2}. For beta > 1, we study
metastability. In particular, we show that the Glauber dynamics restricted to
states of non-negative magnetization has mixing time O(n log n).
| math.PR | we study the glauber dynamics for the ising model on the complete graph also known as the curieweiss model for beta 1 we prove that the dynamics exhibits a cutoff the distance to stationarity drops from near 1 to near 0 in a window of order n centered at 21beta1 n log n for beta 1 we prove that the mixing time is of order n32 for beta 1 we study metastability in particular we show that the glauber dynamics restricted to states of nonnegative magnetization has mixing time on log n | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'glauber', 'dynamics', 'for', 'the', 'ising', 'model', 'on', 'the', 'complete', 'graph', 'also', 'known', 'as', 'the', 'curieweiss', 'model', 'for', 'beta', '1', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'dynamics', 'exhibits', 'a', 'cutoff', 'the', 'distance', 'to', 'stationarity', 'drops', 'from', 'near', '1', 'to', 'near', '0', 'in', 'a', 'window', 'of', 'order', 'n', 'centered', 'at', '21beta1', 'n', 'log', 'n', 'for', 'beta', '1', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'mixing', 'time', 'is', 'of', 'order', 'n32', 'for', 'beta', '1', 'we', 'study', 'metastability', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'glauber', 'dynamics', 'restricted', 'to', 'states', 'of', 'nonnegative', 'magnetization', 'has', 'mixing', 'time', 'on', 'log', 'n']] | [-0.12315531747395193, 0.1864030573639896, -0.07541378098795866, 0.07784583023109647, 0.03272703480343897, -0.1662853673448438, 0.05025369502030886, 0.3738618221052073, -0.25792528318425456, -0.26336917081581696, 0.07301631744101561, -0.321598793983787, -0.08847359334538271, 0.1222657997846849, 0.0423968171107245, 0.04302119844398656, -0.022945191281346176, 0.10120363042249785, -0.05497310022250391, -0.1986516657976848, 0.29164930510815684, 0.004395283349267729, 0.17160661628592636, 0.04771269544713445, 0.07420998791509031, 0.003788391944368953, 0.09708103480247351, -0.0116941607813095, -0.2194150204930658, 0.003627107513858681, 0.15888827185627524, 0.06564698115011657, 0.2286550841488681, -0.3606277084551178, -0.1900740167596838, 0.1322747228710636, 0.16069885270649586, 0.05379196778349169, 0.01333281360208415, -0.20179215699925526, 0.10753156746236178, -0.08548270076881725, -0.18129192851995538, -0.06066677782807376, 0.06827361372575819, -0.007663292180910543, -0.3477767390905173, 0.06618982130261189, 0.10494739188720564, 0.03969033067575195, 0.0030259770433326344, -0.1425442944823222, 0.01916683354200079, 0.10593017683988744, 0.04262789598778709, 0.05352616043515749, 0.05992017011414026, -0.10870075696608522, -0.09843468481859008, 0.33243236665173875, -0.1310716567709428, -0.12551511081119815, 0.13679514023261707, -0.2294078659122953, -0.1951810509263241, 0.11438354005484463, 0.17681321398365302, 0.16362552596563165, -0.04774223284406976, 0.16837036687430446, -0.05160385139982451, 0.2084824156916731, 0.06605871164260411, -0.016603429714770437, 0.08148339538448644, 0.2058838904287748, 0.09620413128388944, 0.13727644925097843, -0.12754966930107592, -0.13942995431044927, -0.3531936885645756, -0.1360741183571108, -0.21322403667023876, 0.12487913626194982, -0.15185363342023486, -0.14348137063475755, 0.36832741590646595, 0.15037741817042724, 0.22736233030701733, 0.16380637964991096, 0.1813330693518395, 0.08994407498323778, -0.01420665291844161, 0.11653907682521494, 0.17339762576067677, 0.1114064488907928, 0.07675301661244133, -0.2539396007662987, 0.04203976549055929, 0.06516685938605896] |
712.0791 | Microscopic Theory of Black Hole Superradiance | We study how black hole superradiance appears in string microscopic models of
rotating black holes. In order to disentangle superradiance from
finite-temperature effects, we consider an extremal, rotating D1-D5-P black
hole that has an ergosphere and is not supersymmetric. We explain how the
microscopic dual accounts for the superradiant ergosphere of this black hole.
The bound 0< omega < m Omega_H on superradiant mode frequencies is argued to be
a consequence of Fermi-Dirac statistics for the spin-carrying degrees of
freedom in the dual CFT. We also compute the superradiant emission rates from
both sides of the correspondence, and show their agreement.
| hep-th | we study how black hole superradiance appears in string microscopic models of rotating black holes in order to disentangle superradiance from finitetemperature effects we consider an extremal rotating d1d5p black hole that has an ergosphere and is not supersymmetric we explain how the microscopic dual accounts for the superradiant ergosphere of this black hole the bound 0 omega m omega_h on superradiant mode frequencies is argued to be a consequence of fermidirac statistics for the spincarrying degrees of freedom in the dual cft we also compute the superradiant emission rates from both sides of the correspondence and show their agreement | [['we', 'study', 'how', 'black', 'hole', 'superradiance', 'appears', 'in', 'string', 'microscopic', 'models', 'of', 'rotating', 'black', 'holes', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'disentangle', 'superradiance', 'from', 'finitetemperature', 'effects', 'we', 'consider', 'an', 'extremal', 'rotating', 'd1d5p', 'black', 'hole', 'that', 'has', 'an', 'ergosphere', 'and', 'is', 'not', 'supersymmetric', 'we', 'explain', 'how', 'the', 'microscopic', 'dual', 'accounts', 'for', 'the', 'superradiant', 'ergosphere', 'of', 'this', 'black', 'hole', 'the', 'bound', '0', 'omega', 'm', 'omega_h', 'on', 'superradiant', 'mode', 'frequencies', 'is', 'argued', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'fermidirac', 'statistics', 'for', 'the', 'spincarrying', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'in', 'the', 'dual', 'cft', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'the', 'superradiant', 'emission', 'rates', 'from', 'both', 'sides', 'of', 'the', 'correspondence', 'and', 'show', 'their', 'agreement']] | [-0.15217908374965192, 0.1676214474652079, -0.08040815851651133, 0.17427003481076098, -0.06627124552614987, -0.15874689954798668, 0.021727421956602485, 0.3042985066398978, -0.15950272532179952, -0.20974398447200657, 0.02582766839186661, -0.34782425795681776, -0.09717206848785281, 0.17434620586340316, -0.06279006822500378, -0.011823319774121046, -0.04251558802556246, 0.052703171423636376, -0.08335616254946217, -0.1565093611017801, 0.356884253276512, 0.07873676480725407, 0.27155339416116475, 0.04440656118793413, 0.05530567441834137, -0.011188960787840187, 0.09022835336625576, 0.003493096373276785, -0.22409515014653153, 0.021931151850149034, 0.24034059979185257, 0.12030832941178232, 0.15960416758516657, -0.42714786211960015, -0.19059279410168528, 0.0754633961012587, 0.2250532715395093, 0.2145872022723779, -0.0814404711208772, -0.24590039004920983, 0.025734599290881306, -0.22222776075825096, -0.18637191795744001, -0.05353082168338005, 0.07594457423314452, -0.06552406616741792, -0.2145550092170015, 0.10811073051503627, 0.11345723956706934, -0.07806921891868114, -0.10635759469121694, 0.004649675639811903, -0.056909249443560836, 0.08094471224583685, 0.1451716006535571, 0.010052954677958041, 0.1715873237978667, -0.12644097421085462, -0.146752875354141, 0.33668655342422427, -0.04003400916815735, -0.17640393679961563, 0.16820482579991222, -0.2989677909947932, -0.08164753145072609, 0.12611227752175183, 0.14957192222122104, 0.22180376331554727, -0.10927230406086892, 0.13537277587573043, -0.040471774302423, 0.2022986815404147, 0.12964642742648722, 0.12232102142115764, 0.42536237958818673, 0.08853370569646359, -0.02355525062419474, 0.22307028506766075, -0.08027108436683193, -0.11968545390293002, -0.32055037599056957, -0.11266226006497164, -0.19019446436403087, 0.11478889412261196, -0.1400778298822115, -0.1558593236480374, 0.3044024279061705, 0.1282510832871776, 0.18505336489528418, -0.006326560257002711, 0.1873968851166501, 0.1038604633975774, -0.011302052156534046, 0.10274985012598335, 0.3422632792405784, 0.15957202312536536, 0.08956702419091016, -0.3338579294714145, -0.09988379837945104, 0.11135781169403344] |
712.0792 | Tempered solutions of $\mathcal D$-modules on complex curves and formal
invariants | Let $X$ be a complex analytic curve. In this paper we prove that the
subanalytic sheaf of tempered holomorphic solutions of $\mathcal D_X$-modules
induces a fully faithful functor on a subcategory of germs of formal holonomic
$\mathcal D_X$-modules. Further, given a germ $\mathcal M$ of holonomic
$\mathcal D_X$-module, we obtain some results linking the subanalytic sheaf of
tempered solutions of $\mathcal M$ and the classical formal and analytic
invariants of $\mathcal M$.
| math.AG math.CV | let x be a complex analytic curve in this paper we prove that the subanalytic sheaf of tempered holomorphic solutions of mathcal d_xmodules induces a fully faithful functor on a subcategory of germs of formal holonomic mathcal d_xmodules further given a germ mathcal m of holonomic mathcal d_xmodule we obtain some results linking the subanalytic sheaf of tempered solutions of mathcal m and the classical formal and analytic invariants of mathcal m | [['let', 'x', 'be', 'a', 'complex', 'analytic', 'curve', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'subanalytic', 'sheaf', 'of', 'tempered', 'holomorphic', 'solutions', 'of', 'mathcal', 'd_xmodules', 'induces', 'a', 'fully', 'faithful', 'functor', 'on', 'a', 'subcategory', 'of', 'germs', 'of', 'formal', 'holonomic', 'mathcal', 'd_xmodules', 'further', 'given', 'a', 'germ', 'mathcal', 'm', 'of', 'holonomic', 'mathcal', 'd_xmodule', 'we', 'obtain', 'some', 'results', 'linking', 'the', 'subanalytic', 'sheaf', 'of', 'tempered', 'solutions', 'of', 'mathcal', 'm', 'and', 'the', 'classical', 'formal', 'and', 'analytic', 'invariants', 'of', 'mathcal', 'm']] | [-0.2949559749298108, -0.029284231953271147, -0.132209616053539, 0.030571212259625707, -0.12016445252164784, -0.12227636635200018, -0.03770739539726896, 0.2999502996293207, -0.3786780048782627, -0.06452227730510963, 0.009427425399836566, -0.1953170887112113, -0.14453848265111446, 0.1997717354453117, -0.21985031968344831, 0.02773362581825091, 0.07808837577209084, 0.08813558648075236, -0.11242484080139548, -0.21683980643542278, 0.458747456005464, -0.13970614785729493, 0.1732642624216775, 0.012931113571135534, 0.1692623386754551, -0.07002481909714536, 0.015047862543724477, -0.07042892431491055, -0.24016764292143003, 0.17298692149213618, 0.3600554240660535, 0.116192057130522, 0.20354869446924162, -0.41595184557243353, -0.0458771969553911, 0.2853190101062258, 0.14820635488205072, -0.1516946137158407, 0.03033651405227526, -0.32581497493406963, 0.169980905432668, -0.18474885986264175, -0.16680966285316068, -0.15892075498898825, 0.1818869282465635, 0.039784642298602395, -0.2999086539235173, -0.04873327573295683, 0.12715712701901793, 0.14038966896219385, -0.0928626704068544, -0.01800326944147754, -0.19920060586041977, -0.014333898001091762, -0.09135602753505939, 0.1903105972192457, 0.13110237049921933, -0.058403788286442354, -0.07234417269420293, 0.32313960744068027, -0.11459151700708187, -0.25284885140394586, 0.07453596727767338, -0.21490598410471445, -0.1858008271859338, 0.10867597698234022, 0.007817429244621761, 0.2699044736930066, 0.042461149388044656, 0.3250743556725663, -0.15036568473765832, 0.03862387893928422, 0.06947691961088115, 0.009104178177141067, 0.0956517273767127, 0.09738839138299227, 0.028447271078928478, 0.07606524683231125, 0.07649816885370658, 0.02035771796686782, -0.43420011043134665, -0.25493239829989356, -0.03125855346701832, 0.27119601637564805, -0.10511027505425671, -0.20107848994019958, 0.39527638256549835, 0.060337726572470274, 0.23176889704902554, 0.23643844235791928, 0.2154433560790494, 0.06213501831775324, -0.040053055175424866, 0.04266253825820362, 0.03705852141987028, 0.22006331988248146, -0.10220990114612505, -0.10050130773904836, -0.03539779610259251, 0.25184808367501116] |
712.0793 | Spiral inflow feeding the nuclear starburst in M83, observed in H-alpha
emission with the GHAFAS Fabry-Perot interferometer | We present observations of the nearby barred starburst galaxy, M83 (NGC5236),
with the new Fabry-Perot interferometer GHAFAS mounted on the 4.2 meter William
Herschel Telescope on La Palma. The unprecedented high resolution observations,
of 16 pc/FWHM, of the H-alpha-emitting gas cover the central two kpc of the
galaxy. The velocity field displays the dominant disk rotation with signatures
of gas inflow from kpc scales down to the nuclear regions. At the inner Inner
Lindblad Resonance radius of the main bar and centerd at the dynamical center
of the main galaxy disk, a nuclear $5.5 (\pm 0.9) \times 10^8 M_\odot$ rapidly
rotating disk with scale length of $60 \pm 20$ pc has formed. The nuclear
starburst is found in the vicinity as well as inside this nuclear disk, and our
observations confirm that gas spirals in from the outer parts to feed the
nuclear starburst, giving rise to several star formation events at different
epochs, within the central 100 pc radius of M83.
| astro-ph | we present observations of the nearby barred starburst galaxy m83 ngc5236 with the new fabryperot interferometer ghafas mounted on the 42 meter william herschel telescope on la palma the unprecedented high resolution observations of 16 pcfwhm of the halphaemitting gas cover the central two kpc of the galaxy the velocity field displays the dominant disk rotation with signatures of gas inflow from kpc scales down to the nuclear regions at the inner inner lindblad resonance radius of the main bar and centerd at the dynamical center of the main galaxy disk a nuclear 55 pm 09 times 108 m_odot rapidly rotating disk with scale length of 60 pm 20 pc has formed the nuclear starburst is found in the vicinity as well as inside this nuclear disk and our observations confirm that gas spirals in from the outer parts to feed the nuclear starburst giving rise to several star formation events at different epochs within the central 100 pc radius of m83 | [['we', 'present', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'nearby', 'barred', 'starburst', 'galaxy', 'm83', 'ngc5236', 'with', 'the', 'new', 'fabryperot', 'interferometer', 'ghafas', 'mounted', 'on', 'the', '42', 'meter', 'william', 'herschel', 'telescope', 'on', 'la', 'palma', 'the', 'unprecedented', 'high', 'resolution', 'observations', 'of', '16', 'pcfwhm', 'of', 'the', 'halphaemitting', 'gas', 'cover', 'the', 'central', 'two', 'kpc', 'of', 'the', 'galaxy', 'the', 'velocity', 'field', 'displays', 'the', 'dominant', 'disk', 'rotation', 'with', 'signatures', 'of', 'gas', 'inflow', 'from', 'kpc', 'scales', 'down', 'to', 'the', 'nuclear', 'regions', 'at', 'the', 'inner', 'inner', 'lindblad', 'resonance', 'radius', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'bar', 'and', 'centerd', 'at', 'the', 'dynamical', 'center', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'galaxy', 'disk', 'a', 'nuclear', '55', 'pm', '09', 'times', '108', 'm_odot', 'rapidly', 'rotating', 'disk', 'with', 'scale', 'length', 'of', '60', 'pm', '20', 'pc', 'has', 'formed', 'the', 'nuclear', 'starburst', 'is', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'inside', 'this', 'nuclear', 'disk', 'and', 'our', 'observations', 'confirm', 'that', 'gas', 'spirals', 'in', 'from', 'the', 'outer', 'parts', 'to', 'feed', 'the', 'nuclear', 'starburst', 'giving', 'rise', 'to', 'several', 'star', 'formation', 'events', 'at', 'different', 'epochs', 'within', 'the', 'central', '100', 'pc', 'radius', 'of', 'm83']] | [-0.0843699748395734, 0.06935273365678717, -0.07396992023235985, 0.03714951479905834, -0.039668009726342206, -0.03309413613042916, -0.021871904644432553, 0.36781186886386286, -0.15367825256417628, -0.35621297436401894, 0.07493560676902579, -0.2881735627660933, 0.05249559522392402, 0.18481393128789683, -0.005550186324760503, -0.07150942737942342, 0.016006987296067966, -0.07703072857617846, -0.0642470456934563, -0.2223473247111723, 0.2761271947399013, 0.12465680568762448, 0.10030923115656427, -0.046343637861727925, 0.09587053064421767, -0.10958180559425967, -0.03284686596150169, -0.08845455582421388, -0.19852846729163673, 0.021223292590599067, 0.2371352031763342, 0.05967399506158664, 0.23255593305372674, -0.39649305999371576, -0.12893881664108137, -0.013079780074391768, 0.21125493137027074, -0.0010677623151807312, -0.055728521971726175, -0.3116786358704478, 0.06356883616120156, -0.19355455329511545, -0.2261208747426823, 0.15827787624706763, 0.06244459011091602, 0.015872837131067834, -0.1826014578449453, 0.16951597137492358, -0.008384303412702432, 0.12410370758532183, -0.10782433741130167, -0.11883545235111755, -0.03661319213233865, 0.07240023931939595, -0.02410421632837666, 0.1567575204220849, 0.3120715111199049, -0.08636936334956738, 0.02473322101015459, 0.36532889394471363, -0.07261987579176607, 0.08042548868735755, 0.2519178798795325, -0.3196665107023827, -0.140416105133221, 0.17333988170284106, 0.15591974908150502, 0.07412189063442559, -0.11090427208460452, 0.01748213097554348, -0.0767971285696934, 0.2388429568201211, 0.09469532005355827, 0.06329076155694419, 0.3494628148888432, 0.12143509067567528, 0.07190724800670555, 0.08560263904632989, -0.31750003212299316, -0.08567429571528196, -0.24283127182435174, -0.05189283165801606, -0.10286777583384736, 0.09480200258448072, -0.17640699403377116, -0.03180929135114695, 0.33065084708993386, 0.04552377387013587, 0.27618732506999316, 0.003756017675796836, 0.31144156913209403, -0.007578350145873029, 0.20143144183231065, 0.15478541804708956, 0.3105231656588799, 0.23238487999310706, 0.09331710463655847, -0.29807353921535407, -0.025746460816018887, -0.01197434585506779] |
712.0794 | A high-accuracy algorithm for designing arbitrary holographic atom traps | We report the realization of a new iterative Fourier-transform algorithm for
creating holograms that can diffract light into an arbitrary two-dimensional
intensity profile. We show that the predicted intensity distributions are
smooth with a fractional error from the target distribution at the percent
level. We demonstrate that this new algorithm outperforms the most frequently
used alternatives typically by one and two orders of magnitude in accuracy and
roughness, respectively. The techniques described in this paper outline a path
to creating arbitrary holographic atom traps in which the only remaining hurdle
is physical implementation.
| physics.atom-ph | we report the realization of a new iterative fouriertransform algorithm for creating holograms that can diffract light into an arbitrary twodimensional intensity profile we show that the predicted intensity distributions are smooth with a fractional error from the target distribution at the percent level we demonstrate that this new algorithm outperforms the most frequently used alternatives typically by one and two orders of magnitude in accuracy and roughness respectively the techniques described in this paper outline a path to creating arbitrary holographic atom traps in which the only remaining hurdle is physical implementation | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'realization', 'of', 'a', 'new', 'iterative', 'fouriertransform', 'algorithm', 'for', 'creating', 'holograms', 'that', 'can', 'diffract', 'light', 'into', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'twodimensional', 'intensity', 'profile', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'predicted', 'intensity', 'distributions', 'are', 'smooth', 'with', 'a', 'fractional', 'error', 'from', 'the', 'target', 'distribution', 'at', 'the', 'percent', 'level', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'this', 'new', 'algorithm', 'outperforms', 'the', 'most', 'frequently', 'used', 'alternatives', 'typically', 'by', 'one', 'and', 'two', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'in', 'accuracy', 'and', 'roughness', 'respectively', 'the', 'techniques', 'described', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'outline', 'a', 'path', 'to', 'creating', 'arbitrary', 'holographic', 'atom', 'traps', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'only', 'remaining', 'hurdle', 'is', 'physical', 'implementation']] | [-0.08220171184849835, 0.11101324516439294, -0.08263027302980903, 0.03393733665041666, -0.025955404265112773, -0.13923238182280173, 0.02500480264350171, 0.431079211855127, -0.24109283840328816, -0.33562308559895204, 0.0679772081897564, -0.25249142953825576, -0.15123898993616783, 0.23159874018321755, -0.06338253423511502, 0.0662925632793196, 0.03384990688733837, -0.023861616629586423, -0.08272907180055696, -0.2488823350198487, 0.28644283943038473, 0.01922208218965479, 0.29348222997480183, 0.0315434342570683, 0.12266818552668537, 0.007183901519985289, -0.00777286358092541, 0.017701715230941772, -0.09973294801516545, 0.14575678773064127, 0.24136180061626658, 0.08420683955273, 0.2578896721073937, -0.4149051766181665, -0.21639736828654604, 0.07911856275712771, 0.16887551126000222, 0.15085501158084239, -0.08141526840226625, -0.2615878128356511, 0.05934426659888398, -0.12655421265561173, -0.14213413445238945, -0.0691501713227681, -0.017438340451448195, 0.01827688767544685, -0.2627611898276354, 0.05040806994563149, 0.025996230615262864, 0.03331833133994732, -0.029980538145048162, -0.12483212936629531, 0.028613030845399505, 0.061152540182667255, -0.014777196839111306, 0.039020447775543796, 0.11727344900650043, -0.14000460185531166, -0.14113365853786147, 0.3590968368995574, -0.08332048447662464, -0.18759127428895364, 0.14621948435782425, -0.13444795733397846, -0.09209989555310258, 0.15684931871971936, 0.17032055105132762, 0.12310250121499261, -0.13679817869698488, 0.009904899105935993, -0.00209862758876175, 0.20964196358396803, 0.10179952335774257, 0.040348461443578364, 0.19324723777077374, 0.18251615886261024, 0.06356102751908443, 0.15519919054662829, -0.14265148047738338, -0.056542723359520076, -0.30211930398038156, -0.15770383909224503, -0.18982440589736865, -0.0011840411562031956, -0.07389171144603351, -0.1450512585379133, 0.41245873965403085, 0.21357291128601558, 0.19335714479287466, 0.03557107694852617, 0.3586288771932564, 0.12566147029640212, 0.055285932366005194, 0.0984545422677872, 0.2110882733750748, 0.0321296125835669, 0.04014002749826559, -0.18910001154102746, 0.05524319037169178, 0.03760021608272788] |
712.0795 | Asteroseismological measurements on PG 1159-035, the prototype of the GW
Vir variable stars | An asteroseismological study of PG 1159-035, the prototype of the GW Vir
variable stars, has been performed on the basis of detailed and full PG1159
evolutionary models presented by Miller Bertolami & Althaus (2006). We carried
out extensive computations of adiabatic g-mode pulsation periods on PG1159
evolutionary models with stellar masses spanning the range 0.530 to 0.741 Mo.
We derive a stellar mass in the range 0.56-0.59 Mo from the period-spacing data
alone. We also find, on the basis of a period-fit procedure, a seismic model
representative of PG 1159-035 that reproduces the observed period pattern with
an average of the period differences of 0.64-1.03 s, consistent with the
expected model uncertainties. The results of the period-fit analysis carried
out in this work suggest that the surface gravity of PG 1159-035 would be 1
sigma larger than the spectroscopically inferred gravity. For our best-fit
model of PG 1159-035, all of the pulsation modes are characterized by positive
rates of period changes, at odds with the measurements by Costa & Kepler
(2007).
| astro-ph | an asteroseismological study of pg 1159035 the prototype of the gw vir variable stars has been performed on the basis of detailed and full pg1159 evolutionary models presented by miller bertolami althaus 2006 we carried out extensive computations of adiabatic gmode pulsation periods on pg1159 evolutionary models with stellar masses spanning the range 0530 to 0741 mo we derive a stellar mass in the range 056059 mo from the periodspacing data alone we also find on the basis of a periodfit procedure a seismic model representative of pg 1159035 that reproduces the observed period pattern with an average of the period differences of 064103 s consistent with the expected model uncertainties the results of the periodfit analysis carried out in this work suggest that the surface gravity of pg 1159035 would be 1 sigma larger than the spectroscopically inferred gravity for our bestfit model of pg 1159035 all of the pulsation modes are characterized by positive rates of period changes at odds with the measurements by costa kepler 2007 | [['an', 'asteroseismological', 'study', 'of', 'pg', '1159035', 'the', 'prototype', 'of', 'the', 'gw', 'vir', 'variable', 'stars', 'has', 'been', 'performed', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'detailed', 'and', 'full', 'pg1159', 'evolutionary', 'models', 'presented', 'by', 'miller', 'bertolami', 'althaus', '2006', 'we', 'carried', 'out', 'extensive', 'computations', 'of', 'adiabatic', 'gmode', 'pulsation', 'periods', 'on', 'pg1159', 'evolutionary', 'models', 'with', 'stellar', 'masses', 'spanning', 'the', 'range', '0530', 'to', '0741', 'mo', 'we', 'derive', 'a', 'stellar', 'mass', 'in', 'the', 'range', '056059', 'mo', 'from', 'the', 'periodspacing', 'data', 'alone', 'we', 'also', 'find', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'a', 'periodfit', 'procedure', 'a', 'seismic', 'model', 'representative', 'of', 'pg', '1159035', 'that', 'reproduces', 'the', 'observed', 'period', 'pattern', 'with', 'an', 'average', 'of', 'the', 'period', 'differences', 'of', '064103', 's', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'expected', 'model', 'uncertainties', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'periodfit', 'analysis', 'carried', 'out', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'surface', 'gravity', 'of', 'pg', '1159035', 'would', 'be', '1', 'sigma', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'spectroscopically', 'inferred', 'gravity', 'for', 'our', 'bestfit', 'model', 'of', 'pg', '1159035', 'all', 'of', 'the', 'pulsation', 'modes', 'are', 'characterized', 'by', 'positive', 'rates', 'of', 'period', 'changes', 'at', 'odds', 'with', 'the', 'measurements', 'by', 'costa', 'kepler', '2007']] | [-0.07981938745235344, 0.11040200745288846, -0.10959413811051381, 0.06799970655548693, -0.0768192853181885, -0.07248962374158695, 0.11715525458427425, 0.3530816229807581, -0.13487019795787794, -0.35743997436752933, 0.0725135123914855, -0.26736479520628337, -0.08070726611813207, 0.23736434624513644, -0.0341788985470901, 0.0234863330877782, 0.11794595079061514, -0.037500323425883615, -0.07777678772450207, -0.24646093858640172, 0.251873619603495, 0.0879843184601761, 0.15606165584734458, -0.10155423099354947, 0.0380524588765543, -0.05785249860561313, -0.1001092547850201, -0.033769824349706226, -0.19802141380344704, 0.033739308522385755, 0.2199268833890332, 0.11662310351684556, 0.1977555929755647, -0.32076710947331954, -0.25429837413489104, 0.05199539242111897, 0.11699076273205306, 0.048223274587068016, 0.004810119494600612, -0.23448203748766847, 0.08854437006106265, -0.20253872575899196, -0.12735679087056193, 0.0003973593221542364, 0.09155940038342347, -0.0061948148737254434, -0.25011687510379194, 0.11571297791704932, 0.031989755435194264, 0.14121891289369431, -0.13273874714044842, -0.18846703460718878, -0.13284386035673945, 0.05437035322981234, 0.060159232115335026, 0.04718292409813444, 0.06825653761959896, -0.03258060423997482, -0.08313814983814731, 0.36921934531667006, -0.1234859999309853, -0.028300503703826915, 0.18094655533159476, -0.15629081634391925, -0.165545867605436, 0.1141030844133682, 0.1339576557755448, 0.15750609031281695, -0.14073677427375209, 0.031172832984039504, -0.04320687908661122, 0.22680571340972525, 0.03457020596785103, -0.017701608082053007, 0.29273753637771405, 0.15722328034079003, -0.051569541649959846, 0.03975795418606837, -0.1761256928881909, -0.049042922034748124, -0.25278900922582803, -0.08021092437720763, -0.12361104553913932, 0.04435659079424881, -0.1060866199845614, -0.12826816010578887, 0.4144077656140919, 0.13088040379249674, 0.18653309205268137, 0.053270282138774765, 0.20183283904941005, 0.11190851288847625, 0.06011781584209007, 0.08582000047648827, 0.3172528301532977, 0.1793202946316674, 0.0712998281762807, -0.29189896787667347, 0.039069764684149605, 0.019993879263495613] |
712.0796 | $\theta_{13}$, $\delta$ and the neutrino mass hierarchy at a
$\gamma=350$ double baseline Li/B $\beta$-Beam | We consider a $\beta$-Beam facility where $^8$Li and $^8$B ions are
accelerated at $\gamma = 350$, accumulated in a 10 Km storage ring and let
decay, so as to produce intense $\bar \nu_e$ and $\nu_e$ beams. These beams
illuminate two iron detectors located at $L \simeq 2000$ Km and $L \simeq 7000$
Km, respectively. The physics potential of this setup is analysed in full
detail as a function of the flux. We find that, for the highest flux ($10
\times 10^{18}$ ion decays per year per baseline), the sensitivity to
$\theta_{13}$ reaches $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13} \geq 2 \times10^{-4}$; the sign of
the atmospheric mass difference can be identified, regardless of the true
hierarchy, for $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13} \geq 4\times10^{-4}$; and, CP-violation
can be discovered in 70% of the $\delta$-parameter space for $\sin^2 2
\theta_{13} \geq 10^{-3}$, having some sensitivity to CP-violation down to
$\sin^2 2 \theta_{13} \geq 10^{-4}$ for $|\delta| \sim 90^\circ$.
| hep-ph hep-ex | we consider a betabeam facility where 8li and 8b ions are accelerated at gamma 350 accumulated in a 10 km storage ring and let decay so as to produce intense bar nu_e and nu_e beams these beams illuminate two iron detectors located at l simeq 2000 km and l simeq 7000 km respectively the physics potential of this setup is analysed in full detail as a function of the flux we find that for the highest flux 10 times 1018 ion decays per year per baseline the sensitivity to theta_13 reaches sin2 2 theta_13 geq 2 times104 the sign of the atmospheric mass difference can be identified regardless of the true hierarchy for sin2 2 theta_13 geq 4times104 and cpviolation can be discovered in 70 of the deltaparameter space for sin2 2 theta_13 geq 103 having some sensitivity to cpviolation down to sin2 2 theta_13 geq 104 for delta sim 90circ | [['we', 'consider', 'a', 'betabeam', 'facility', 'where', '8li', 'and', '8b', 'ions', 'are', 'accelerated', 'at', 'gamma', '350', 'accumulated', 'in', 'a', '10', 'km', 'storage', 'ring', 'and', 'let', 'decay', 'so', 'as', 'to', 'produce', 'intense', 'bar', 'nu_e', 'and', 'nu_e', 'beams', 'these', 'beams', 'illuminate', 'two', 'iron', 'detectors', 'located', 'at', 'l', 'simeq', '2000', 'km', 'and', 'l', 'simeq', '7000', 'km', 'respectively', 'the', 'physics', 'potential', 'of', 'this', 'setup', 'is', 'analysed', 'in', 'full', 'detail', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'flux', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'for', 'the', 'highest', 'flux', '10', 'times', '1018', 'ion', 'decays', 'per', 'year', 'per', 'baseline', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'theta_13', 'reaches', 'sin2', '2', 'theta_13', 'geq', '2', 'times104', 'the', 'sign', 'of', 'the', 'atmospheric', 'mass', 'difference', 'can', 'be', 'identified', 'regardless', 'of', 'the', 'true', 'hierarchy', 'for', 'sin2', '2', 'theta_13', 'geq', '4times104', 'and', 'cpviolation', 'can', 'be', 'discovered', 'in', '70', 'of', 'the', 'deltaparameter', 'space', 'for', 'sin2', '2', 'theta_13', 'geq', '103', 'having', 'some', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'cpviolation', 'down', 'to', 'sin2', '2', 'theta_13', 'geq', '104', 'for', 'delta', 'sim', '90circ']] | [-0.10791355159133673, 0.30222769404761496, 0.080195762279133, 0.11596275981515645, 0.008120402796193957, -0.17903207587078213, 0.07149553098483011, 0.32012757745881876, -0.21341620640596376, -0.3739159619559844, 0.05011650316029166, -0.3718598375034829, 0.08983997662862142, 0.19123905882239342, 0.027655850323693207, -0.004560197701988121, 0.05166412095888518, -0.012711027680585782, -0.13770361779645707, -0.19058378923839578, 0.15236864858462165, 0.0938207596881936, 0.15021248820858696, 0.07132711307223265, 0.10494040233703951, -0.11422358220093884, 0.038076554468279934, -0.13975334324427724, -0.1877270690323106, -0.04532251145069798, 0.24290838631490866, 0.13310256185320515, 0.1407536890481909, -0.3138195927410076, -0.09677925779328991, 0.17563838303865245, 0.17695752057935654, -0.039568948006878296, 0.02129587088401119, -0.3102605139960845, 0.11256330142573764, -0.2064930801683416, -0.2060235602222383, 0.020861047816773257, 0.08234680582303554, -0.0629714207413296, -0.37509342218438785, 0.12181475696153939, -0.07257202196245392, 0.0812026486111184, 0.03943446071197589, -0.2777911739423871, 0.02287099636780719, 0.0032688671350479125, 0.08581618208050107, 0.13304439020653566, 0.11340903426210086, -0.08525621521441887, -0.027675894040924808, 0.3789698275923729, -0.06033284566132352, -0.07995989731978626, 0.051434982823363194, -0.28153156611447533, -0.09148942427942529, 0.20701905144378543, 0.1400886828545481, 0.05516054076142609, -0.10942168687780698, 0.04969375648962644, -0.0493310713035559, 0.22016957963790143, 0.16744948607326174, -0.0010136859173265596, 0.2420465121784946, 0.21041610287036747, 0.11808563127201827, -0.08806212681723992, -0.2454111399082467, 0.0660322987039884, -0.34026429209237297, -0.10041039706207812, -0.06017266554137071, 0.16031862350180745, -0.11400386178507081, 0.008965195043322941, 0.38814290473548074, 0.12872864041477441, 0.19789008101448416, 0.029737341979828972, 0.23504736847554644, 0.009938657797562579, 0.030906491043667, 0.07241346378810704, 0.29986682717552565, 0.1474224285921082, 0.14533480152487754, -0.2184089890991648, 0.010554549281174937, -0.013910584237116079] |
712.0797 | Calculating the Charged Particle Stopping Power Exactly to Leading and
Next-to-leading Order | I will discuss a new method for calculating transport quantities, such as the
charged particle stopping power, in a weakly to moderately coupled plasma. This
method, called dimensional continuation, lies within the framework of
convergent kinetic equations, and it is powerful enough to allow for systematic
perturbative expansions in the plasma coupling constant. In particular, it
provides an exact evaluation of the stopping power to leading and
next-to-leading order in the plasma coupling, with the systematic error being
of cubic order. Consequently, the calculation is near-exact for a weakly
coupled plasma, and quite accurate for a moderately coupled plasma. The leading
order term in this expansion has been known since the classic work of Spitzer.
In contrast, the next-to-leading order term has been calculated only recently
by Brown, Preston, and Singleton (BPS), using the aforementioned method, to
account for all short- and long-distance physics accurate to second order in
the plasma coupling, including an exact treatment of the quantum-to-classical
scattering transition. Preliminary numerical studies suggest that the BPS
stopping power increases the ignition threshold, thereby having potential
adverse implications for upcoming high energy density facilities. Since the key
ideas behind the BPS calculation are possibly unfamiliar to plasma physicists,
and the implications might be important, I will use this opportunity to explain
the method in a pedagogical fashion.
| physics.plasm-ph | i will discuss a new method for calculating transport quantities such as the charged particle stopping power in a weakly to moderately coupled plasma this method called dimensional continuation lies within the framework of convergent kinetic equations and it is powerful enough to allow for systematic perturbative expansions in the plasma coupling constant in particular it provides an exact evaluation of the stopping power to leading and nexttoleading order in the plasma coupling with the systematic error being of cubic order consequently the calculation is nearexact for a weakly coupled plasma and quite accurate for a moderately coupled plasma the leading order term in this expansion has been known since the classic work of spitzer in contrast the nexttoleading order term has been calculated only recently by brown preston and singleton bps using the aforementioned method to account for all short and longdistance physics accurate to second order in the plasma coupling including an exact treatment of the quantumtoclassical scattering transition preliminary numerical studies suggest that the bps stopping power increases the ignition threshold thereby having potential adverse implications for upcoming high energy density facilities since the key ideas behind the bps calculation are possibly unfamiliar to plasma physicists and the implications might be important i will use this opportunity to explain the method in a pedagogical fashion | [['i', 'will', 'discuss', 'a', 'new', 'method', 'for', 'calculating', 'transport', 'quantities', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'charged', 'particle', 'stopping', 'power', 'in', 'a', 'weakly', 'to', 'moderately', 'coupled', 'plasma', 'this', 'method', 'called', 'dimensional', 'continuation', 'lies', 'within', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'convergent', 'kinetic', 'equations', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'powerful', 'enough', 'to', 'allow', 'for', 'systematic', 'perturbative', 'expansions', 'in', 'the', 'plasma', 'coupling', 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712.0798 | Rough solutions of the Einstein constraints on closed manifolds without
near-CMC conditions | We consider the conformal decomposition of Einstein's constraint equations
introduced by Lichnerowicz and York, on a closed manifold. We establish
existence of non-CMC weak solutions using a combination of a priori estimates
for the individual Hamiltonian and momentum constraints, barrier constructions
for the Hamiltonian constraint, and topological fixed-point arguments. An
important new feature of these results is the absense of the near-CMC
assumption when the rescaled background metric is in the positive Yamabe class,
if the freely specifiable part of the data given by the matter fields (if
present) and the traceless-transverse part of the rescaled extrinsic curvature
are taken to be sufficiently small. In this case, the mean extrinsic curvature
can be taken to be an arbitrary smooth function without restrictions on the
size of its spatial derivatives, giving what are apparently the first non-CMC
existence results without the near-CMC assumption. Standard bootstrapping
arguments to increase the regularity of the conformal factor are blocked by the
use of a weak background metric. In the CMC case, we recover Maxwell's rough
solution results as a special case. Our results extend the 1996 non-CMC result
of Isenberg and Moncrief in three ways: (1) the near-CMC assumption is removed
in the case of the positive Yamabe class; (2) regularity is extended down to
the maximum allowed by the background metric and the matter; and (3) the result
holds for all three Yamabe classes. This last extension was also accomplished
recently by Allen, Clausen and Isenberg, although their result is restricted to
the near-CMC case and to smoother background metrics and data.
| gr-qc math.AP | we consider the conformal decomposition of einsteins constraint equations introduced by lichnerowicz and york on a closed manifold we establish existence of noncmc weak solutions using a combination of a priori estimates for the individual hamiltonian and momentum constraints barrier constructions for the hamiltonian constraint and topological fixedpoint arguments an important new feature of these results is the absense of the nearcmc assumption when the rescaled background metric is in the positive yamabe class if the freely specifiable part of the data given by the matter fields if present and the tracelesstransverse part of the rescaled extrinsic curvature are taken to be sufficiently small in this case the mean extrinsic curvature can be taken to be an arbitrary smooth function without restrictions on the size of its spatial derivatives giving what are apparently the first noncmc existence results without the nearcmc assumption standard bootstrapping arguments to increase the regularity of the conformal factor are blocked by the use of a weak background metric in the cmc case we recover maxwells rough solution results as a special case our results extend the 1996 noncmc result of isenberg and moncrief in three ways 1 the nearcmc assumption is removed in the case of the positive yamabe class 2 regularity is extended down to the maximum allowed by the background metric and the matter and 3 the result holds for all three yamabe classes this last extension was also accomplished recently by allen clausen and isenberg although their result is restricted to the nearcmc case and to smoother background metrics and data | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'conformal', 'decomposition', 'of', 'einsteins', 'constraint', 'equations', 'introduced', 'by', 'lichnerowicz', 'and', 'york', 'on', 'a', 'closed', 'manifold', 'we', 'establish', 'existence', 'of', 'noncmc', 'weak', 'solutions', 'using', 'a', 'combination', 'of', 'a', 'priori', 'estimates', 'for', 'the', 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712.0799 | Modelling the formation and evolution of disk galaxies | Inspired by recent work on feedback in disk galaxies (Efstathiou 2000, Silk
2003) and on the angular momentum distribution in simulated gas halos (Sharma
and Steinmetz 2005), a fully dynamic model of disk galaxy formation and
evolution has been developed. This is used to demonstrate how observed galactic
systems could have formed from halos similar to those found in simulations and
applies physically motivated models of star formation and feedback to explore
whether the true nature of these processes would be manifest from local and
cosmological observables. This is made possible by computational integration
with the galaxy formation model developed originally by the group at Durham
University (Cole et al. 2000).
| astro-ph | inspired by recent work on feedback in disk galaxies efstathiou 2000 silk 2003 and on the angular momentum distribution in simulated gas halos sharma and steinmetz 2005 a fully dynamic model of disk galaxy formation and evolution has been developed this is used to demonstrate how observed galactic systems could have formed from halos similar to those found in simulations and applies physically motivated models of star formation and feedback to explore whether the true nature of these processes would be manifest from local and cosmological observables this is made possible by computational integration with the galaxy formation model developed originally by the group at durham university cole et al 2000 | [['inspired', 'by', 'recent', 'work', 'on', 'feedback', 'in', 'disk', 'galaxies', 'efstathiou', '2000', 'silk', '2003', 'and', 'on', 'the', 'angular', 'momentum', 'distribution', 'in', 'simulated', 'gas', 'halos', 'sharma', 'and', 'steinmetz', '2005', 'a', 'fully', 'dynamic', 'model', 'of', 'disk', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'and', 'evolution', 'has', 'been', 'developed', 'this', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'how', 'observed', 'galactic', 'systems', 'could', 'have', 'formed', 'from', 'halos', 'similar', 'to', 'those', 'found', 'in', 'simulations', 'and', 'applies', 'physically', 'motivated', 'models', 'of', 'star', 'formation', 'and', 'feedback', 'to', 'explore', 'whether', 'the', 'true', 'nature', 'of', 'these', 'processes', 'would', 'be', 'manifest', 'from', 'local', 'and', 'cosmological', 'observables', 'this', 'is', 'made', 'possible', 'by', 'computational', 'integration', 'with', 'the', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'model', 'developed', 'originally', 'by', 'the', 'group', 'at', 'durham', 'university', 'cole', 'et', 'al', '2000']] | [-0.022170624914390313, 0.06609848741366453, -0.109626001472845, 0.07868012198591018, -0.10769851009051006, -0.04870769558977839, -0.007627993792731751, 0.36284873651357386, -0.17418969593321285, -0.40308790589338755, 0.056181237555679504, -0.21927836203427464, -0.11470861073482681, 0.1900225209265209, -0.06045016107308838, 0.04645258757109578, 0.014614156437911899, -0.13425150941973468, 0.01763180152015962, -0.32322962093376767, 0.30512267168242113, 0.17618642667694404, 0.21415557188762202, -0.026399907298377708, 0.08443951935649992, -0.05060811773748011, -0.12342618221232483, 0.003864210990450538, -0.20131469294135165, 0.03782972406495262, 0.2149216039540513, 0.12579530328386337, 0.24633564662423219, -0.41022662379619507, -0.2782883392479103, 0.04034541262657725, 0.16280697949486575, 0.10035338085815981, -0.09169032028797586, -0.2973599425173021, 0.03868064478140425, -0.23186306308887833, -0.12099863601814922, 0.0025473289560895783, 0.057493530910227214, 0.0025752036708581727, -0.23010106082703616, 0.14123507790468834, 0.03571636903913574, 0.020624992542539362, -0.031908825174108285, -0.07143932275541194, -0.06315985861494466, 0.05219089988774309, -0.03904381093594271, 0.06762549221549216, 0.17643904644442168, -0.08574232894944044, -0.12463864107691758, 0.393179389748823, -0.00705832569348114, -0.04776706691906863, 0.29149675887782833, -0.17104747875904044, -0.15931277989246254, 0.0683168471698557, 0.16957307357743784, 0.07968729982773463, -0.16223743620018163, 0.09235970087471074, -0.04566558669866608, 0.15203229476999794, 0.07072252029372665, -0.06270571498841106, 0.27982635152954105, 0.11008297234169535, -0.04245776400548985, 0.07470389752048864, -0.07184208657902975, -0.11147356857986164, -0.15511678388711433, -0.05997789589906329, -0.15822961042962363, 0.059997018615438324, -0.016116921228318905, -0.048393729906361385, 0.3316613564662098, 0.11877092716141462, 0.24390232453525468, 0.02138609322929033, 0.2581491221879349, 0.047969868272408706, 0.0679111964329406, 0.1442147667544919, 0.29016227310372367, 0.17766852439213376, 0.11507881900530544, -0.23955339113216814, 0.09444409068610922, 0.03578740323113429] |
712.08 | How non-magnetic are "non-magnetic" Herbig Ae/Be stars? | Our recent discovery of magnetic fields in a small number of Herbig Ae/Be
stars has required that we survey a much larger sample of stars. From our FORS1
and ESPaDOnS surveys, we have acquired about 125 observations of some 70 stars
in which no magnetic fields are detected. Using a Monte Carlo approach, we have
performed statistical comparisons of the observed longitudinal fields and LSD
Stokes V profiles of these apparently non-magnetic stars with a variety of
field models. This has allowed us to derive general upper limits on the
presence of dipolar fields in the sample, and to place realistic upper limits
on undetected dipole fields which may be present in individual stars. This
paper briefly reports the results of the statistical modeling, as well as field
upper limits for individual stars of particular interest.
| astro-ph | our recent discovery of magnetic fields in a small number of herbig aebe stars has required that we survey a much larger sample of stars from our fors1 and espadons surveys we have acquired about 125 observations of some 70 stars in which no magnetic fields are detected using a monte carlo approach we have performed statistical comparisons of the observed longitudinal fields and lsd stokes v profiles of these apparently nonmagnetic stars with a variety of field models this has allowed us to derive general upper limits on the presence of dipolar fields in the sample and to place realistic upper limits on undetected dipole fields which may be present in individual stars this paper briefly reports the results of the statistical modeling as well as field upper limits for individual stars of particular interest | [['our', 'recent', 'discovery', 'of', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'a', 'small', 'number', 'of', 'herbig', 'aebe', 'stars', 'has', 'required', 'that', 'we', 'survey', 'a', 'much', 'larger', 'sample', 'of', 'stars', 'from', 'our', 'fors1', 'and', 'espadons', 'surveys', 'we', 'have', 'acquired', 'about', '125', 'observations', 'of', 'some', '70', 'stars', 'in', 'which', 'no', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'are', 'detected', 'using', 'a', 'monte', 'carlo', 'approach', 'we', 'have', 'performed', 'statistical', 'comparisons', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'longitudinal', 'fields', 'and', 'lsd', 'stokes', 'v', 'profiles', 'of', 'these', 'apparently', 'nonmagnetic', 'stars', 'with', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'field', 'models', 'this', 'has', 'allowed', 'us', 'to', 'derive', 'general', 'upper', 'limits', 'on', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'dipolar', 'fields', 'in', 'the', 'sample', 'and', 'to', 'place', 'realistic', 'upper', 'limits', 'on', 'undetected', 'dipole', 'fields', 'which', 'may', 'be', 'present', 'in', 'individual', 'stars', 'this', 'paper', 'briefly', 'reports', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'statistical', 'modeling', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'field', 'upper', 'limits', 'for', 'individual', 'stars', 'of', 'particular', 'interest']] | [-0.0994234431110432, 0.1317645621328505, -0.05987390952855896, 0.06259526075583006, -0.12086289345889407, -0.04388042470193742, 0.10556552077297751, 0.3867294393849614, -0.13338794141001178, -0.40788656170479953, 0.08744522269305033, -0.2707914572537822, -0.039252324295161733, 0.23985310945221605, -0.01402592277051607, 0.0007233224562643206, 0.09695255184573505, 0.0022341621669885866, -0.021709320987985635, -0.2800820304032908, 0.2709467275194851, 0.026377867566599676, 0.20013353091952227, -0.03173633344361887, 0.04547403333023848, -0.06660505031194429, -0.06357725947985754, 0.033833554932190216, -0.161457718300613, 0.09168404013753924, 0.22781832613554798, 0.11790858384440928, 0.22274561640669538, -0.41031162715326525, -0.21572200390202104, 0.09333963332327959, 0.18765688544686676, 0.10004219331141725, -0.08439239206456799, -0.2997940683271736, 0.06923303937861312, -0.12425761999945868, -0.11974920865887885, -0.05275897312608054, 0.026563436738369466, 0.056840186787988335, -0.25823444801190976, 0.05776649972197928, 0.053946321571642974, 0.16833394908227253, -0.10763326369017116, -0.19511182118902284, -0.008442412354805343, 0.07823451689567745, 0.07781090039455141, 0.05418356126585208, 0.11848295930951067, -0.16531310367795146, -0.08411325027084197, 0.3462809182032395, -0.13201124038930764, -0.07457813386367086, 0.2169887462411733, -0.23068405033486403, -0.19806700051926515, 0.12028469411394754, 0.21916366948554403, 0.18273429143215147, -0.17897112228606335, 0.061781622947498414, -0.06925272779977497, 0.15117626792669078, 0.02233006899854552, 0.06533637256421464, 0.27978720251635153, 0.12596421241452097, -0.010435204078128342, 0.1269751451062107, -0.24917699735926682, -0.0511889412163702, -0.26041573817800623, -0.11737610667820692, -0.14202251907794133, 0.08170821048963048, -0.09693582139890863, -0.1376063665101195, 0.3610221968128291, 0.2156598075883748, 0.1693200379394351, 0.008162056373240537, 0.27533239070052173, 0.10699967159341801, 0.11372289786231704, 0.060357861980960215, 0.3250820698631287, 0.23726866360726384, 0.1141601884532172, -0.15658098890665262, 0.041074355222757306, -0.04954715427661808] |
712.0801 | Elastic systems with correlated disorder: Response to tilt and
application to surface growth | We study elastic systems such as interfaces or lattices pinned by correlated
quenched disorder considering two different types of correlations: generalized
columnar disorder and quenched defects correlated as ~ x^{-a} for large
separation x. Using functional renormalization group methods, we obtain the
critical exponents to two-loop order and calculate the response to a transverse
field h. The correlated disorder violates the statistical tilt symmetry
resulting in nonlinear response to a tilt. Elastic systems with columnar
disorder exhibit a transverse Meissner effect: disorder generates the critical
field h_c below which there is no response to a tilt and above which the tilt
angle behaves as \theta ~ (h-h_c)^{\phi} with a universal exponent \phi<1. This
describes the destruction of a weak Bose glass in type-II superconductors with
columnar disorder caused by tilt of the magnetic field. For isotropic
long-range correlated disorder, the linear tilt modulus vanishes at small
fields leading to a power-law response \theta ~ h^{\phi} with \phi>1. The
obtained results are applied to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation with
temporally correlated noise.
| cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech | we study elastic systems such as interfaces or lattices pinned by correlated quenched disorder considering two different types of correlations generalized columnar disorder and quenched defects correlated as xa for large separation x using functional renormalization group methods we obtain the critical exponents to twoloop order and calculate the response to a transverse field h the correlated disorder violates the statistical tilt symmetry resulting in nonlinear response to a tilt elastic systems with columnar disorder exhibit a transverse meissner effect disorder generates the critical field h_c below which there is no response to a tilt and above which the tilt angle behaves as theta hh_cphi with a universal exponent phi1 this describes the destruction of a weak bose glass in typeii superconductors with columnar disorder caused by tilt of the magnetic field for isotropic longrange correlated disorder the linear tilt modulus vanishes at small fields leading to a powerlaw response theta hphi with phi1 the obtained results are applied to the kardarparisizhang equation with temporally correlated noise | [['we', 'study', 'elastic', 'systems', 'such', 'as', 'interfaces', 'or', 'lattices', 'pinned', 'by', 'correlated', 'quenched', 'disorder', 'considering', 'two', 'different', 'types', 'of', 'correlations', 'generalized', 'columnar', 'disorder', 'and', 'quenched', 'defects', 'correlated', 'as', 'xa', 'for', 'large', 'separation', 'x', 'using', 'functional', 'renormalization', 'group', 'methods', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'critical', 'exponents', 'to', 'twoloop', 'order', 'and', 'calculate', 'the', 'response', 'to', 'a', 'transverse', 'field', 'h', 'the', 'correlated', 'disorder', 'violates', 'the', 'statistical', 'tilt', 'symmetry', 'resulting', 'in', 'nonlinear', 'response', 'to', 'a', 'tilt', 'elastic', 'systems', 'with', 'columnar', 'disorder', 'exhibit', 'a', 'transverse', 'meissner', 'effect', 'disorder', 'generates', 'the', 'critical', 'field', 'h_c', 'below', 'which', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'response', 'to', 'a', 'tilt', 'and', 'above', 'which', 'the', 'tilt', 'angle', 'behaves', 'as', 'theta', 'hh_cphi', 'with', 'a', 'universal', 'exponent', 'phi1', 'this', 'describes', 'the', 'destruction', 'of', 'a', 'weak', 'bose', 'glass', 'in', 'typeii', 'superconductors', 'with', 'columnar', 'disorder', 'caused', 'by', 'tilt', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'for', 'isotropic', 'longrange', 'correlated', 'disorder', 'the', 'linear', 'tilt', 'modulus', 'vanishes', 'at', 'small', 'fields', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'response', 'theta', 'hphi', 'with', 'phi1', 'the', 'obtained', 'results', 'are', 'applied', 'to', 'the', 'kardarparisizhang', 'equation', 'with', 'temporally', 'correlated', 'noise']] | [-0.20674772599237937, 0.28258434089226087, -0.039642828351156, 0.072644673213531, -0.014783621951166248, -0.1921842505577503, 0.01765181968011052, 0.36812421645624116, -0.2668537064343242, -0.23074483729517423, 0.020199689042126108, -0.31661846195291504, -0.15333839067880692, 0.09915204563722328, 0.032691798271774035, 0.04249046905897558, -0.0946494356100728, -0.017903397617867238, -0.11590303938151393, -0.19555116269782366, 0.31277368660645943, 0.0015147459301929247, 0.325137530436672, 0.041244885241837205, 0.02565477682973247, 0.05327840293168528, 0.06154069113152393, 0.09545924340049367, -0.1625553030122341, -0.006686376246444163, 0.1986510095772816, -0.1503486579328955, 0.1915628666882908, -0.3645014864875071, -0.2015958461119423, 0.08467519373621747, 0.11939513677007418, 0.1157686900759834, -0.04042497961866075, -0.30335351618018047, 0.04588860236893756, -0.11888436977723502, -0.2083917295206787, -0.078271352091288, 0.03778295551289255, 0.027490663758748358, -0.32071736298714687, 0.18831606100857573, 0.03979390807778025, 0.11595876074497061, -0.05994908007406013, -0.07755433143178248, -0.06694832215988897, 0.0726079861058416, 0.1022724071938365, 0.10667214346404401, 0.17594313684707866, -0.1796288036275655, -0.08333741578116384, 0.3634904941027782, -0.06456834317748827, -0.15074632024527135, 0.15090268715396973, -0.18349594097999655, -0.09514675812419864, 0.19177207912890668, 0.14946093853894082, 0.03756622520116921, -0.08885764052911875, 0.06797550920942652, 0.03463270752382162, 0.2066306527816208, 0.031214260891730707, 0.035383347738169535, 0.2051867255997137, 0.15284261684612294, 0.04928194200732263, 0.17724611650989672, -0.09718064262879891, -0.08141797338191599, -0.2942578911287598, -0.07538636556142066, -0.198249430488234, 0.09597035392512937, -0.1299680654380817, -0.26296111617618834, 0.3596652946238552, 0.13853851929924124, 0.18092705546709967, 0.042119222461717225, 0.19003787079926984, 0.12980058833995992, 0.07567042507040482, 0.03134519290964467, 0.23665762577396648, 0.18361447641278156, 0.12179691816647874, -0.25507400016558457, 0.0543248292917094, 0.042192143848143425] |
712.0802 | High Energy Scattering in the AdS/CFT Correspondence | This work explores the celebrated AdS/CFT correspondence in the regime of
high energy scattering in Anti--de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. In particular, we
develop the eikonal approximation to high energy scattering in AdS and explore
its consequences for the dual Conformal Field Theory (CFT).
Using position space Feynman rules, we rederive the eikonal approximation for
high energy scattering in flat space. Following this intuitive position space
perspective, we then generalize the eikonal approximation for high energy
scattering in AdS and other spacetimes. Remarkably, we are able to resum, in
terms of a generalized phase shift, ladder and cross ladder Witten diagrams
associated to the exchange of an AdS spin j field, to all orders in the
coupling constant.
By the AdS/CFT correspondence, the eikonal amplitude in AdS is related to the
four point function of CFT primary operators in the regime of large 't Hooft
coupling, including all terms of the 1/N expansion. We then show that the
eikonal amplitude determines the behavior of the CFT four point function for
small values of the cross ratios in a Lorentzian regime and that this controls
its high spin and dimension conformal partial wave decomposition. These results
allow us to determine the anomalous dimension of high spin and dimension double
trace primary operators, by relating it to the AdS eikonal phase shift. Finally
we find that, at large energies and large impact parameters in AdS, the
gravitational interaction dominates all other interactions, as in flat space.
Therefore, the anomalous dimension of double trace operators, associated to
graviton exchange in AdS, yields a universal prediction for CFT's with AdS
gravitational duals.
| hep-th | this work explores the celebrated adscft correspondence in the regime of high energy scattering in antide sitter ads spacetime in particular we develop the eikonal approximation to high energy scattering in ads and explore its consequences for the dual conformal field theory cft using position space feynman rules we rederive the eikonal approximation for high energy scattering in flat space following this intuitive position space perspective we then generalize the eikonal approximation for high energy scattering in ads and other spacetimes remarkably we are able to resum in terms of a generalized phase shift ladder and cross ladder witten diagrams associated to the exchange of an ads spin j field to all orders in the coupling constant by the adscft correspondence the eikonal amplitude in ads is related to the four point function of cft primary operators in the regime of large t hooft coupling including all terms of the 1n expansion we then show that the eikonal amplitude determines the behavior of the cft four point function for small values of the cross ratios in a lorentzian regime and that this controls its high spin and dimension conformal partial wave decomposition these results allow us to determine the anomalous dimension of high spin and dimension double trace primary operators by relating it to the ads eikonal phase shift finally we find that at large energies and large impact parameters in ads the gravitational interaction dominates all other interactions as in flat space therefore the anomalous dimension of double trace operators associated to graviton exchange in ads yields a universal prediction for cfts with ads gravitational duals | [['this', 'work', 'explores', 'the', 'celebrated', 'adscft', 'correspondence', 'in', 'the', 'regime', 'of', 'high', 'energy', 'scattering', 'in', 'antide', 'sitter', 'ads', 'spacetime', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'develop', 'the', 'eikonal', 'approximation', 'to', 'high', 'energy', 'scattering', 'in', 'ads', 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712.0803 | Measurement of the shape of the boson transverse momentum distribution
in ppbar -> Z/gamma* -> ee+X events produced at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV | We present a measurement of the shape of the Z/gamma* boson transverse
momentum (qT) distribution in ppbar -> Z/gamma* -> ee+X events at a
center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV using 0.98 fb-1 of data collected with the D0
detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The data are found to be consistent
with the resummation prediction at low qT, but above the perturbative QCD
calculation in the region of qT>30 GeV/c. Using events with qT<30 GeV/c, we
extract the value of g2, one of the non-perturbative parameters for the
resummation calculation. Data at large boson rapidity y are compared with the
prediction of resummation and with alternative models that employ a resummed
form factor with modifications in the small Bjorken x region of the proton wave
function.
| hep-ex | we present a measurement of the shape of the zgamma boson transverse momentum qt distribution in ppbar zgamma eex events at a centerofmass energy of 196 tev using 098 fb1 of data collected with the d0 detector at the fermilab tevatron collider the data are found to be consistent with the resummation prediction at low qt but above the perturbative qcd calculation in the region of qt30 gevc using events with qt30 gevc we extract the value of g2 one of the nonperturbative parameters for the resummation calculation data at large boson rapidity y are compared with the prediction of resummation and with alternative models that employ a resummed form factor with modifications in the small bjorken x region of the proton wave function | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'zgamma', 'boson', 'transverse', 'momentum', 'qt', 'distribution', 'in', 'ppbar', 'zgamma', 'eex', 'events', 'at', 'a', 'centerofmass', 'energy', 'of', '196', 'tev', 'using', '098', 'fb1', 'of', 'data', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'd0', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'fermilab', 'tevatron', 'collider', 'the', 'data', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'resummation', 'prediction', 'at', 'low', 'qt', 'but', 'above', 'the', 'perturbative', 'qcd', 'calculation', 'in', 'the', 'region', 'of', 'qt30', 'gevc', 'using', 'events', 'with', 'qt30', 'gevc', 'we', 'extract', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'g2', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'nonperturbative', 'parameters', 'for', 'the', 'resummation', 'calculation', 'data', 'at', 'large', 'boson', 'rapidity', 'y', 'are', 'compared', 'with', 'the', 'prediction', 'of', 'resummation', 'and', 'with', 'alternative', 'models', 'that', 'employ', 'a', 'resummed', 'form', 'factor', 'with', 'modifications', 'in', 'the', 'small', 'bjorken', 'x', 'region', 'of', 'the', 'proton', 'wave', 'function']] | [-0.043437193027605896, 0.18550120385317895, -0.1277408497827891, 0.1145665599567602, -0.011747947552424596, -0.10263591150984122, -0.007400868676190615, 0.3393516012726993, -0.16686356773783192, -0.29048856555438435, -0.034609248837814896, -0.39603541486850774, 0.13387341415280568, 0.14691478701224397, 0.07514758774062207, 0.12719728639654693, 0.15583319655527955, -0.004505089224606264, -0.1060988209801955, -0.20266709025552282, 0.28914157905211274, 0.10344509171993761, 0.2236062243626621, 0.11782650408319763, 0.13027269825564514, 0.05966699579978728, -0.044053496189842944, -0.07816506425285193, -0.13414203991177615, 0.04199731491170213, 0.31631073055419234, 0.029998830275335273, 0.13559171128407366, -0.29177193642884003, -0.07282492694002195, 0.08652053003153595, 0.13078268262611123, 0.06503612204401403, -0.03437645211205131, -0.2962929001364277, 0.14384293659054864, -0.27385964628011294, -0.12293229705547212, -0.04140107860391746, -0.01725842681575994, -0.03996308561658762, -0.3417152923944055, 0.12814193604452934, -0.10252069869674131, 0.08578564309835678, 0.021922790596154748, -0.19695761854775617, -0.06594201364004831, -0.039339994072730915, 0.13327219912812846, 0.15200154561183002, 0.15885328920558095, -0.19966096678876594, -0.19882562640504758, 0.3282460277655818, -0.023169389620545457, -0.15692028521033402, 0.12553725804232793, -0.2870586506533818, -0.09812945131304078, 0.20475174784354988, 0.2564097969987445, 0.07396901401282731, -0.18643960252129396, 0.1263631928202097, 0.016581238736136105, 0.18403553914232942, 0.08248186786659062, 0.0502118682565137, 0.16412404367364333, 0.22441280104952757, -0.04721743320343924, 0.04719621143742755, -0.1692140659805937, -0.0592409868144476, -0.5091713349808191, -0.06075073712978695, -0.08804271993471584, 0.07421940463615607, -0.11418285077143381, -0.07904876190710997, 0.3667873440703499, 0.12824699212868554, 0.3422353364466155, 0.03369210664274507, 0.3016460164637137, 0.1537067934137876, 0.10593828780039359, 0.09885671846871551, 0.2881303189597169, 0.09903817192735304, 0.1796146072370962, -0.23272094869467078, -0.005386099910180344, 0.054961503384115755] |
712.0804 | Minimum Cost Homomorphisms to Locally Semicomplete and Quasi-Transitive
Digraphs | For digraphs $G$ and $H$, a homomorphism of $G$ to $H$ is a mapping $f:\
V(G)\dom V(H)$ such that $uv\in A(G)$ implies $f(u)f(v)\in A(H)$. If, moreover,
each vertex $u \in V(G)$ is associated with costs $c_i(u), i \in V(H)$, then
the cost of a homomorphism $f$ is $\sum_{u\in V(G)}c_{f(u)}(u)$. For each fixed
digraph $H$, the minimum cost homomorphism problem for $H$, denoted
MinHOM($H$), can be formulated as follows: Given an input digraph $G$, together
with costs $c_i(u)$, $u\in V(G)$, $i\in V(H)$, decide whether there exists a
homomorphism of $G$ to $H$ and, if one exists, to find one of minimum cost.
Minimum cost homomorphism problems encompass (or are related to) many well
studied optimization problems such as the minimum cost chromatic partition and
repair analysis problems. We focus on the minimum cost homomorphism problem for
locally semicomplete digraphs and quasi-transitive digraphs which are two
well-known generalizations of tournaments. Using graph-theoretic
characterization results for the two digraph classes, we obtain a full
dichotomy classification of the complexity of minimum cost homomorphism
problems for both classes.
| cs.DM | for digraphs g and h a homomorphism of g to h is a mapping f vgdom vh such that uvin ag implies fufvin ah if moreover each vertex u in vg is associated with costs c_iu i in vh then the cost of a homomorphism f is sum_uin vgc_fuu for each fixed digraph h the minimum cost homomorphism problem for h denoted minhomh can be formulated as follows given an input digraph g together with costs c_iu uin vg iin vh decide whether there exists a homomorphism of g to h and if one exists to find one of minimum cost minimum cost homomorphism problems encompass or are related to many well studied optimization problems such as the minimum cost chromatic partition and repair analysis problems we focus on the minimum cost homomorphism problem for locally semicomplete digraphs and quasitransitive digraphs which are two wellknown generalizations of tournaments using graphtheoretic characterization results for the two digraph classes we obtain a full dichotomy classification of the complexity of minimum cost homomorphism problems for both classes | [['for', 'digraphs', 'g', 'and', 'h', 'a', 'homomorphism', 'of', 'g', 'to', 'h', 'is', 'a', 'mapping', 'f', 'vgdom', 'vh', 'such', 'that', 'uvin', 'ag', 'implies', 'fufvin', 'ah', 'if', 'moreover', 'each', 'vertex', 'u', 'in', 'vg', 'is', 'associated', 'with', 'costs', 'c_iu', 'i', 'in', 'vh', 'then', 'the', 'cost', 'of', 'a', 'homomorphism', 'f', 'is', 'sum_uin', 'vgc_fuu', 'for', 'each', 'fixed', 'digraph', 'h', 'the', 'minimum', 'cost', 'homomorphism', 'problem', 'for', 'h', 'denoted', 'minhomh', 'can', 'be', 'formulated', 'as', 'follows', 'given', 'an', 'input', 'digraph', 'g', 'together', 'with', 'costs', 'c_iu', 'uin', 'vg', 'iin', 'vh', 'decide', 'whether', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'homomorphism', 'of', 'g', 'to', 'h', 'and', 'if', 'one', 'exists', 'to', 'find', 'one', 'of', 'minimum', 'cost', 'minimum', 'cost', 'homomorphism', 'problems', 'encompass', 'or', 'are', 'related', 'to', 'many', 'well', 'studied', 'optimization', 'problems', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'minimum', 'cost', 'chromatic', 'partition', 'and', 'repair', 'analysis', 'problems', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'minimum', 'cost', 'homomorphism', 'problem', 'for', 'locally', 'semicomplete', 'digraphs', 'and', 'quasitransitive', 'digraphs', 'which', 'are', 'two', 'wellknown', 'generalizations', 'of', 'tournaments', 'using', 'graphtheoretic', 'characterization', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'two', 'digraph', 'classes', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'full', 'dichotomy', 'classification', 'of', 'the', 'complexity', 'of', 'minimum', 'cost', 'homomorphism', 'problems', 'for', 'both', 'classes']] | [-0.178631329957699, 0.06863385630003904, 0.008039294544412472, 0.06046543107029635, -0.12637400602634866, -0.253269907122283, 0.05581741691242124, 0.40806472194543497, -0.385101618440172, -0.2882441716359354, 0.10176155820463886, -0.33508546802291084, -0.11511301917300104, 0.11677669939926154, -0.14798368116959842, 0.033537228323714155, 0.1592565063024373, 0.10122751793756453, -0.00717450017183965, -0.2450766526541651, 0.27697881863135737, -0.06877105659805238, 0.13989874459721885, 0.1240750124169037, 0.08393442075256918, 0.004790214856553195, 0.037300380829418466, 0.09709068813881036, -0.22606638234893306, 0.008617708106189533, 0.3330705942150184, 0.22333387228887702, 0.3199364323396409, -0.3304024502786613, -0.1524437329844236, 0.2984733039291229, 0.04290902228798544, -0.07220729741100006, 0.004199887704385748, -0.1606480965531583, 0.11317663849331439, -0.13090831810083284, -0.021804064431032815, 0.062234317904154145, 0.16571039230654797, -0.003131690385025861, -0.3587210676010135, -0.03176238257465018, 0.0647709489601047, 0.04863004083203715, 0.03296832569609504, -0.17648983095111975, -0.1230037047508779, 0.08182220454300689, -0.07832119947023214, 0.1394213021456719, 0.04614093749537566, -0.1420517825967562, -0.19219877001380029, 0.4199136812889645, -0.03759790152896109, -0.14446111555823105, 0.14857523599206363, -0.07085714350064654, -0.2153695866216494, 0.12325678534026063, 0.08987877193870845, 0.13176175485754948, -0.07700581065660646, 0.17506756146064809, -0.11442873378414227, 0.07863789128659424, 0.09470387714979954, 0.03133993491403174, 0.07330496972399698, 0.10868276016743378, 0.2365598806561117, 0.21033980719661233, 0.049407544749894526, 0.09717178099983653, -0.32295048097351586, -0.1038396790201321, -0.21659980800143594, 0.07031538375439447, -0.1348208677247681, -0.1635554797370745, 0.37536849618651147, 0.05429169646096091, 0.16309046588342657, 0.14010453569164044, 0.17639545218472175, 0.11373705598715217, 0.032383881956014, 0.1738790771409566, 0.07501597156975591, 0.1890806835632078, -0.08381537490437717, -0.21863985527848262, 0.04083067323027049, 0.2154031159507847] |
712.0805 | Viscosity Bound Violation in Higher Derivative Gravity | Motivated by the vast string landscape, we consider the shear viscosity to
entropy density ratio in conformal field theories dual to Einstein gravity with
curvature square corrections. After field redefinitions these theories reduce
to Gauss-Bonnet gravity, which has special properties that allow us to compute
the shear viscosity nonperturbatively in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. By tuning
of the coupling, the value of the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio can
be adjusted to any positive value from infinity down to zero, thus violating
the conjectured viscosity bound. At linear order in the coupling, we also check
consistency of four different methods to calculate the shear viscosity, and we
find that all of them agree. We search for possible pathologies associated with
this class of theories violating the viscosity bound.
| hep-th gr-qc hep-ph | motivated by the vast string landscape we consider the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio in conformal field theories dual to einstein gravity with curvature square corrections after field redefinitions these theories reduce to gaussbonnet gravity which has special properties that allow us to compute the shear viscosity nonperturbatively in the gaussbonnet coupling by tuning of the coupling the value of the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio can be adjusted to any positive value from infinity down to zero thus violating the conjectured viscosity bound at linear order in the coupling we also check consistency of four different methods to calculate the shear viscosity and we find that all of them agree we search for possible pathologies associated with this class of theories violating the viscosity bound | [['motivated', 'by', 'the', 'vast', 'string', 'landscape', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosity', 'to', 'entropy', 'density', 'ratio', 'in', 'conformal', 'field', 'theories', 'dual', 'to', 'einstein', 'gravity', 'with', 'curvature', 'square', 'corrections', 'after', 'field', 'redefinitions', 'these', 'theories', 'reduce', 'to', 'gaussbonnet', 'gravity', 'which', 'has', 'special', 'properties', 'that', 'allow', 'us', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosity', 'nonperturbatively', 'in', 'the', 'gaussbonnet', 'coupling', 'by', 'tuning', 'of', 'the', 'coupling', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosity', 'to', 'entropy', 'density', 'ratio', 'can', 'be', 'adjusted', 'to', 'any', 'positive', 'value', 'from', 'infinity', 'down', 'to', 'zero', 'thus', 'violating', 'the', 'conjectured', 'viscosity', 'bound', 'at', 'linear', 'order', 'in', 'the', 'coupling', 'we', 'also', 'check', 'consistency', 'of', 'four', 'different', 'methods', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'shear', 'viscosity', 'and', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'all', 'of', 'them', 'agree', 'we', 'search', 'for', 'possible', 'pathologies', 'associated', 'with', 'this', 'class', 'of', 'theories', 'violating', 'the', 'viscosity', 'bound']] | [-0.15563555082553648, 0.1724989791804319, -0.09013960515221697, 0.057967657280642015, -0.11002323914362933, -0.16402848182042362, 0.01556944955518702, 0.2460507620817225, -0.25855204124673037, -0.30280187411335646, 0.0611735824486459, -0.25919166235144075, -0.08908923686976777, 0.11308533351075312, -0.020782290412171278, 0.07784004284621915, -0.05170917858049506, 0.040081172357531614, -0.10545712538123553, -0.28046462254314974, 0.33999969941942254, 0.0610136866234825, 0.27121660345437704, 0.09981702236291312, 0.044779454596664436, -0.0523014609607344, -0.0006172292196424678, 0.12980335840256885, -0.25835489734583916, 0.04555937173063285, 0.21849734536226606, 0.05373854986828519, 0.2001934437721502, -0.3911846296978183, -0.2309999715653248, 0.12057629408445791, 0.09899216081976192, 0.13201350779399945, 0.031633499356757966, -0.21922310237277998, 0.058525516500594676, -0.1700513249688811, -0.1438794219357078, -0.13730384326117928, 0.03230148422335333, -0.048876838976866566, -0.2782142318546903, 0.13415400735880212, -0.029325158669962548, -0.025176938012009487, -0.08990413579158485, -0.09177689229181851, -0.05053472106192203, 0.09806034462235402, 0.20297637771273003, 0.05691069732620235, 0.1478176621021703, -0.20336330476675357, -0.06731233163191064, 0.337432715241448, -0.1651904531827313, -0.23362937994170352, 0.18674543492670637, -0.17199848720338196, -0.14458102008393325, 0.12563600840167055, 0.15716130251530558, 0.1293379896172837, -0.11504514505213592, 0.13307613834285803, 0.027545710972844972, 0.13982964520255337, 0.12254071085772011, 0.01631168122185045, 0.2593760203453712, 0.037033788375993026, 0.08266971656121314, 0.14315831738986162, -0.05383583821344473, -0.07130392864428359, -0.37196134414261905, -0.16791981617006968, -0.15382730409965006, 0.098708004645232, -0.17871043433831346, -0.16899522638050257, 0.3210432131527341, 0.18419877045505473, 0.15568092226749286, 0.12340361481710715, 0.21867390516854357, 0.13724950220057508, 0.11628925015884306, 0.07326008052950783, 0.35236969864490675, 0.20148071921357769, 0.074338721165077, -0.31793327138257155, -0.02495232506407774, 0.13927724825043697] |
712.0806 | Modeling disorder in graphene | We present a study of different models of local disorder in graphene. Our
focus is on the main effects that vacancies -- random, compensated and
uncompensated --, local impurities and substitutional impurities bring into the
electronic structure of graphene. By exploring these types of disorder and
their connections, we show that they introduce dramatic changes in the low
energy spectrum of graphene, viz. localized zero modes, strong resonances, gap
and pseudogap behavior, and non-dispersive midgap zero modes.
| cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we present a study of different models of local disorder in graphene our focus is on the main effects that vacancies random compensated and uncompensated local impurities and substitutional impurities bring into the electronic structure of graphene by exploring these types of disorder and their connections we show that they introduce dramatic changes in the low energy spectrum of graphene viz localized zero modes strong resonances gap and pseudogap behavior and nondispersive midgap zero modes | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'different', 'models', 'of', 'local', 'disorder', 'in', 'graphene', 'our', 'focus', 'is', 'on', 'the', 'main', 'effects', 'that', 'vacancies', 'random', 'compensated', 'and', 'uncompensated', 'local', 'impurities', 'and', 'substitutional', 'impurities', 'bring', 'into', 'the', 'electronic', 'structure', 'of', 'graphene', 'by', 'exploring', 'these', 'types', 'of', 'disorder', 'and', 'their', 'connections', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'introduce', 'dramatic', 'changes', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'of', 'graphene', 'viz', 'localized', 'zero', 'modes', 'strong', 'resonances', 'gap', 'and', 'pseudogap', 'behavior', 'and', 'nondispersive', 'midgap', 'zero', 'modes']] | [-0.19702192316452663, 0.22747891117663432, -0.03902402055139343, 0.07838892506590733, 0.02239090846075366, -0.16038909614707034, 0.10989787814517817, 0.38768292342623073, -0.26719968050718307, -0.24784550849348308, -0.031013279215743143, -0.36228362075984477, -0.19348299403985342, 0.055338696983332436, 0.006241290016720693, -0.026120579006771248, 0.02997526449461778, -0.098178695893536, -0.07160761957522482, -0.21919212926489612, 0.36602876336624224, 0.02460310999304056, 0.3490760358795524, 0.14562047026420866, -0.012883441218485435, 0.014197459428881605, 0.06932008277624846, 0.03310203020771345, -0.13770314756256993, 0.08745959081929565, 0.23143764625366506, -0.11274428360785048, 0.25412149864869815, -0.5198779262353976, -0.22805379687498012, 0.013598530162125826, 0.15226284564783177, 0.1745077133147667, -0.09062030618544668, -0.3170521158725023, 0.09616453355799119, -0.09401427316789826, -0.10760519405128434, -0.10730457320809364, -0.02223761297762394, 0.029894915415594976, -0.18065879432251677, 0.11448200444380442, 0.12565540067230663, 0.08446831712809702, -0.1322988420414428, -0.12637830305223663, -0.1049554662934194, 0.09026571266974012, 0.07868239619924376, -0.04912579837876062, 0.18746986977756022, -0.10704398322229584, -0.10190912588189045, 0.3555285647759835, -0.07017742030322552, -0.11324132589623331, 0.22382426323990026, -0.17821425688142578, -0.06993079717581471, 0.11464481722563505, 0.1685689643273751, 0.06503225500384967, -0.09371695320898046, 0.08860923511868653, 0.035134104869017996, 0.14468608635788163, 0.03435062429557244, 0.1787957672898968, 0.2473869712402423, 0.15050410961111388, 0.08961145889014005, 0.14290862575173377, -0.09535722881089896, -0.003009040206670761, -0.22071095146238803, -0.15376393146192033, -0.22354219382007917, 0.03503653795768817, -0.09018114454947257, -0.26383497594545285, 0.48061270888273916, 0.1454272568039596, 0.20897385977829497, -0.06316565100724499, 0.20489892672126492, 0.11952244849565129, 0.0656048125680536, 0.03305570999160409, 0.23555808514977494, 0.1429899644261847, 0.07786466306075454, -0.27972118930891154, 0.026102995419253906, -0.030490126858154932] |
712.0807 | Conformal deformation of spacelike surfaces in Minkowski space | We address the problem of second order conformal deformation of spacelike
surfaces in compactified Minkowski 4-space. We explain the construction of the
exterior differential system of conformal deformations and discuss its general
and singular solutions. In particular, we show that isothermic surfaces are
singular solutions of the system, which implies that a generic second order
deformable surface is not isothermic. This differs from the situation in
3-dimensional conformal geometry, where isothermic surfaces coincide with
deformable surfaces.
| math.DG | we address the problem of second order conformal deformation of spacelike surfaces in compactified minkowski 4space we explain the construction of the exterior differential system of conformal deformations and discuss its general and singular solutions in particular we show that isothermic surfaces are singular solutions of the system which implies that a generic second order deformable surface is not isothermic this differs from the situation in 3dimensional conformal geometry where isothermic surfaces coincide with deformable surfaces | [['we', 'address', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'second', 'order', 'conformal', 'deformation', 'of', 'spacelike', 'surfaces', 'in', 'compactified', 'minkowski', '4space', 'we', 'explain', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'the', 'exterior', 'differential', 'system', 'of', 'conformal', 'deformations', 'and', 'discuss', 'its', 'general', 'and', 'singular', 'solutions', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'isothermic', 'surfaces', 'are', 'singular', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'which', 'implies', 'that', 'a', 'generic', 'second', 'order', 'deformable', 'surface', 'is', 'not', 'isothermic', 'this', 'differs', 'from', 'the', 'situation', 'in', '3dimensional', 'conformal', 'geometry', 'where', 'isothermic', 'surfaces', 'coincide', 'with', 'deformable', 'surfaces']] | [-0.17958357911802045, 0.07597354293408755, -0.06806454599197757, 0.07994351712496657, -0.10355392004681849, -0.15860737784226475, -0.12238595741310794, 0.3210469060669359, -0.2590229235785572, -0.18398905339601793, 0.11900252963593964, -0.2817119180935582, -0.25744316168129444, 0.14419075407970108, -0.20117976765246376, 0.08390988967010726, 0.021263293100913103, 0.03568045764940938, -0.16900076478793236, -0.2538324546108733, 0.46126771610426276, -0.062117819723330046, 0.24329691146512664, 0.05927134332198061, 0.13605470088996777, -0.02081383913020162, 0.05223686996798374, 0.03600855273390679, -0.20917785647237142, 0.16571110018106228, 0.25935647065604206, -0.0020535736540822605, 0.09360434280978025, -0.45882095080359203, -0.24095263369772033, 0.11476044192616093, 0.11033233817005039, 0.11405899652469854, -0.004184433378548802, -0.2571776483796145, 0.035690651593827886, -0.08370913976901456, -0.24221769730119327, -0.07619331446231196, -0.029158985450569736, -0.015133134162935772, -0.1533829162056607, 0.08308689787640776, 0.14391675749548563, 0.06869074883625696, -0.12747153269255682, 2.9946485914191917e-05, -0.09124321191522636, 0.06459527877527044, 0.09388791537831391, 0.02515489508177301, 0.09750694997216526, -0.1330021744698139, -0.057737224318675305, 0.38899737231948067, -0.05760666575760728, -0.31084810538021357, 0.12892319952554412, -0.20020356720411464, -0.13183414766957102, 0.15454365817928, 0.1887226239900644, 0.2262499675056652, -0.09154487962491419, 0.21569273379282095, -0.03958138107631576, 0.08366871144818633, 0.15410852364239921, -0.07842596031351652, 0.19553124130164323, 0.09250234732539148, 0.0873842827522343, 0.1568797681676714, -0.06349069699890127, -0.12155731013779969, -0.4451523176149318, -0.2588354949996421, -0.13613347285182067, 0.06993928697824901, -0.13112106598189138, -0.21599777626167788, 0.349141033112047, 0.04312725849223697, 0.1920481861299394, 0.07401975009155362, 0.1950467201746314, 0.038697678853120455, 0.04814600871606289, 0.09036218335141281, 0.25655576549041526, 0.11298245918250789, 0.03792773960556492, -0.15997433814137416, -0.07701367068128954, 0.1904271410827565] |
712.0808 | On the Collision of Cosmic Superstrings | We study the formation of three-string junctions between (p,q)-cosmic
superstrings, and collisions between such strings and show that kinematic
constraints analogous to those found previously for collisions of Nambu-Goto
strings apply here too, with suitable modifications to take account of the
additional requirements of flux conservation. We examine in detail several
examples involving collisions between strings with low values of p and q, and
also examine the rates of growth or shrinkage of strings at a junction.
Finally, we briefly discuss the formation of junctions for strings in a warped
space, specifically with a Klebanov-Strassler throat, and show that similar
constraints still apply with changes to the parameters taking account of the
warping and the background flux.
| hep-th astro-ph | we study the formation of threestring junctions between pqcosmic superstrings and collisions between such strings and show that kinematic constraints analogous to those found previously for collisions of nambugoto strings apply here too with suitable modifications to take account of the additional requirements of flux conservation we examine in detail several examples involving collisions between strings with low values of p and q and also examine the rates of growth or shrinkage of strings at a junction finally we briefly discuss the formation of junctions for strings in a warped space specifically with a klebanovstrassler throat and show that similar constraints still apply with changes to the parameters taking account of the warping and the background flux | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'threestring', 'junctions', 'between', 'pqcosmic', 'superstrings', 'and', 'collisions', 'between', 'such', 'strings', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'kinematic', 'constraints', 'analogous', 'to', 'those', 'found', 'previously', 'for', 'collisions', 'of', 'nambugoto', 'strings', 'apply', 'here', 'too', 'with', 'suitable', 'modifications', 'to', 'take', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'additional', 'requirements', 'of', 'flux', 'conservation', 'we', 'examine', 'in', 'detail', 'several', 'examples', 'involving', 'collisions', 'between', 'strings', 'with', 'low', 'values', 'of', 'p', 'and', 'q', 'and', 'also', 'examine', 'the', 'rates', 'of', 'growth', 'or', 'shrinkage', 'of', 'strings', 'at', 'a', 'junction', 'finally', 'we', 'briefly', 'discuss', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'junctions', 'for', 'strings', 'in', 'a', 'warped', 'space', 'specifically', 'with', 'a', 'klebanovstrassler', 'throat', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'similar', 'constraints', 'still', 'apply', 'with', 'changes', 'to', 'the', 'parameters', 'taking', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'warping', 'and', 'the', 'background', 'flux']] | [-0.1501432044576083, 0.12283845909004068, -0.06605287880138976, 0.1387038427276601, -0.031005996851459276, -0.10649519629278702, 0.02193691076285302, 0.3473890905774295, -0.21681482195533042, -0.3318756458686729, 0.06278510977200971, -0.2647993922663114, -0.09679298920372244, 0.15486995491062708, -0.01857526429551493, -0.0073354189927189945, 0.048380482909751346, 0.01664597818082006, -0.10700810598289787, -0.23832234783611936, 0.36634746800851203, 0.05621735670539583, 0.25129713799306674, 0.06485071048895218, 0.07474836148321629, -0.03632483102686318, -0.019858472551026476, 0.05194751909459291, -0.19499573555982225, 0.08781345000427572, 0.18371927953357325, 0.06976409269705543, 0.13325004356688466, -0.5225061624278796, -0.21421564264415666, 0.10535323751512272, 0.16270515559530208, 0.13575868610421132, -0.04344813106983001, -0.23256662516886817, 0.08386464206805927, -0.1442904241688164, -0.0937714740264647, -0.055559757043173987, 0.08085279835484407, 0.05926813164390704, -0.25930166120865733, 0.05283907196933107, 0.04220566088293583, -0.002066852111401486, -0.07339418691719465, -0.08068308847352204, -0.04953383815330293, 0.07398860569810495, 0.1269911563923133, 0.00674391751165566, 0.10508295157041143, -0.16609274108536895, -0.12895136017549044, 0.37839328163255265, -0.04004869721117349, -0.17867172319955868, 0.19446411928772156, -0.17323253160053542, -0.16896063976535766, 0.07189858893478482, 0.1704620312024229, 0.09297894976695935, -0.15065297469143465, 0.1025101999375379, 0.0413183997674235, 0.12170687391485914, 0.13908286742938297, 0.0775481877960907, 0.2435918958127049, 0.1684929863710342, 0.012204687598819748, 0.17459210873067635, -0.12141431228996351, -0.06251038664927834, -0.38077636034195794, -0.11909840412534259, -0.07629624394105812, 0.04740506516376125, -0.10187340524486178, -0.14914211165962804, 0.33003609916114984, 0.13471919761537593, 0.285171864229126, 0.05556193372266817, 0.24103152135322833, 0.0692823250810134, 0.04965686551616367, 0.06525476841087421, 0.22648375367360382, 0.11823423880409321, 0.06033484658611746, -0.2637988631222156, -0.028198828186101185, 0.025423626523818178] |
712.0809 | Vertical stratification of iron abundance in atmospheres of blue
horizontal-branch stars | The observed slow rotation and abundance peculiarities of certain blue
horizontal branch (BHB) stars suggests that atomic diffusion can be important
in their stellar atmospheres and can lead to vertical abundance stratification
of chemical species in the atmosphere. To verify this hypothesis, we have
undertaken an abundance stratification analysis in the atmospheres of six BHB
stars, based on recently acquired McDonald-CE spectra. Our numerical
simulations show that the iron abundance is vertically stratified in the
atmospheres of two stars in M15: B267 and B279. One star WF2-2541 in M13 also
appears to have vertically stratified iron abundance, while for WF4-3085 the
signatures of iron stratification are less convincing. In all cases the iron
abundances increase towards the lower atmosphere. The other two stars in our
sample, WF4-3485 and B84, do not show any significant variation of iron with
atmospheric depth. Our results support the idea that atomic diffusion dominates
other hydrodynamic processes in the atmospheres of BHB stars.
| astro-ph | the observed slow rotation and abundance peculiarities of certain blue horizontal branch bhb stars suggests that atomic diffusion can be important in their stellar atmospheres and can lead to vertical abundance stratification of chemical species in the atmosphere to verify this hypothesis we have undertaken an abundance stratification analysis in the atmospheres of six bhb stars based on recently acquired mcdonaldce spectra our numerical simulations show that the iron abundance is vertically stratified in the atmospheres of two stars in m15 b267 and b279 one star wf22541 in m13 also appears to have vertically stratified iron abundance while for wf43085 the signatures of iron stratification are less convincing in all cases the iron abundances increase towards the lower atmosphere the other two stars in our sample wf43485 and b84 do not show any significant variation of iron with atmospheric depth our results support the idea that atomic diffusion dominates other hydrodynamic processes in the atmospheres of bhb stars | [['the', 'observed', 'slow', 'rotation', 'and', 'abundance', 'peculiarities', 'of', 'certain', 'blue', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'bhb', 'stars', 'suggests', 'that', 'atomic', 'diffusion', 'can', 'be', 'important', 'in', 'their', 'stellar', 'atmospheres', 'and', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'vertical', 'abundance', 'stratification', 'of', 'chemical', 'species', 'in', 'the', 'atmosphere', 'to', 'verify', 'this', 'hypothesis', 'we', 'have', 'undertaken', 'an', 'abundance', 'stratification', 'analysis', 'in', 'the', 'atmospheres', 'of', 'six', 'bhb', 'stars', 'based', 'on', 'recently', 'acquired', 'mcdonaldce', 'spectra', 'our', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'iron', 'abundance', 'is', 'vertically', 'stratified', 'in', 'the', 'atmospheres', 'of', 'two', 'stars', 'in', 'm15', 'b267', 'and', 'b279', 'one', 'star', 'wf22541', 'in', 'm13', 'also', 'appears', 'to', 'have', 'vertically', 'stratified', 'iron', 'abundance', 'while', 'for', 'wf43085', 'the', 'signatures', 'of', 'iron', 'stratification', 'are', 'less', 'convincing', 'in', 'all', 'cases', 'the', 'iron', 'abundances', 'increase', 'towards', 'the', 'lower', 'atmosphere', 'the', 'other', 'two', 'stars', 'in', 'our', 'sample', 'wf43485', 'and', 'b84', 'do', 'not', 'show', 'any', 'significant', 'variation', 'of', 'iron', 'with', 'atmospheric', 'depth', 'our', 'results', 'support', 'the', 'idea', 'that', 'atomic', 'diffusion', 'dominates', 'other', 'hydrodynamic', 'processes', 'in', 'the', 'atmospheres', 'of', 'bhb', 'stars']] | [-0.03840251644230952, 0.16891492926302457, -0.056456187281722, 0.08938802818761794, -0.07755867632441105, -0.01810155521817268, 0.05741408192382082, 0.41101497812137294, -0.15243801816661728, -0.336250325575898, 0.010343589662028488, -0.30102424376946724, -0.03184205733215923, 0.18329408601783573, -0.07527957095540135, -0.039229643029148935, 0.10920557182483898, -0.057255480708376424, 0.0027095558741693474, -0.27441644521465725, 0.2952781242620983, 0.01829068349069281, 0.18446816582600498, -0.022850286790946868, -0.04788770844602281, -0.18383284600060076, -0.0493256206561924, 0.0045806530642891, -0.1486485414851622, 0.03446306642975397, 0.24039130218350774, 0.12360885925294393, 0.1671723927279258, -0.41733691114968446, -0.2748024073091282, 0.05562422248967894, 0.24393936799791682, 0.07549747001160245, -0.1113089602203316, -0.18271764027396703, 0.06648701998838194, -0.13540868112924181, -0.17094476804564332, 0.010101399482594904, 0.009418133655147758, 0.02280428473041304, -0.223489988782105, 0.07066776490066598, 0.0913409343312619, 0.16312731173079295, -0.1183563567650546, -0.1960259995091066, -0.14467735876400428, 0.07106793035714513, 0.03823447043586309, -0.033790124185786696, 0.1415921514883495, -0.07247826650554824, -0.0018794649357723582, 0.4008682893624731, -0.17108566547999052, -0.05995981148473776, 0.2509556493327425, -0.20822576688495792, -0.19701349959785866, 0.13176049239589435, 0.14114266917536591, 0.16287402499461204, -0.12403289410493272, -0.008465022721422754, -0.05627774532326752, 0.19761698755322937, 0.06848098272694998, -0.016331268186758088, 0.29549250851687825, 0.11050389809711914, 0.04659571939972556, 0.02934516644977318, -0.22285448379405318, -0.08518231136629441, -0.15565837605019947, -0.17807824948319134, -0.03942560471644756, 0.02065606032296864, -0.1402370950683898, -0.21816241052179675, 0.3065989929678476, 0.1551060564656576, 0.19509123168162004, -0.04163045405890722, 0.3148955038398694, 0.06636244570169075, 0.07793001567642353, 0.09417975996472654, 0.3095033522042784, 0.2370899508997893, 0.08959237479153949, -0.287237419523625, 0.14467649579427805, 0.022211339401828636] |
712.081 | Emergent rainbow spacetimes: Two pedagogical examples | There is a possibility that spacetime itself is ultimately an emergent
phenomenon, a near-universal "low-energy long-distance approximation", similar
to the way in which fluid mechanics is the near-universal low-energy
long-distance approximation to quantum molecular dynamics. If so, then direct
attempts to quantize spacetime are misguided - at least as far as fundamental
physics is concerned. Based on this and other considerations, there has
recently been a surge of interest in the notion of energy-dependent and
momentum-dependent "rainbow'' geometries. In the present article I will not
discuss these exotic ideas in any detail, instead I will present two specific
and concrete examples of situations where an energy-dependent "rainbow''
geometry makes perfectly good mathematical and physical sense. These simple
examples will then serve as templates suggesting ways of proceeding in
situations where the underlying physics may be more complex. The specific
models I will deal with are (1) acoustic spacetimes in the presence of
nontrivial dispersion, and (2) a mathematical reinterpretation of Newton's
second law for a non-relativistic conservative force, which is well-known to be
equivalent to the differential geometry of an energy-dependent conformally flat
three-manifold. These two models make it clear that there is nothing wrong with
the concept of an energy-dependent "rainbow'' geometry per se. Whatever
problems may arise in the implementation of any specific
quantum-gravity-inspired proposal for an energy-dependent spacetime are related
to deeper questions regarding the compatibility of that specific proposal with
experimental reality.
| gr-qc | there is a possibility that spacetime itself is ultimately an emergent phenomenon a nearuniversal lowenergy longdistance approximation similar to the way in which fluid mechanics is the nearuniversal lowenergy longdistance approximation to quantum molecular dynamics if so then direct attempts to quantize spacetime are misguided at least as far as fundamental physics is concerned based on this and other considerations there has recently been a surge of interest in the notion of energydependent and momentumdependent rainbow geometries in the present article i will not discuss these exotic ideas in any detail instead i will present two specific and concrete examples of situations where an energydependent rainbow geometry makes perfectly good mathematical and physical sense these simple examples will then serve as templates suggesting ways of proceeding in situations where the underlying physics may be more complex the specific models i will deal with are 1 acoustic spacetimes in the presence of nontrivial dispersion and 2 a mathematical reinterpretation of newtons second law for a nonrelativistic conservative force which is wellknown to be equivalent to the differential geometry of an energydependent conformally flat threemanifold these two models make it clear that there is nothing wrong with the concept of an energydependent rainbow geometry per se whatever problems may arise in the implementation of any specific quantumgravityinspired proposal for an energydependent spacetime are related to deeper questions regarding the compatibility of that specific proposal with experimental reality | [['there', 'is', 'a', 'possibility', 'that', 'spacetime', 'itself', 'is', 'ultimately', 'an', 'emergent', 'phenomenon', 'a', 'nearuniversal', 'lowenergy', 'longdistance', 'approximation', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'way', 'in', 'which', 'fluid', 'mechanics', 'is', 'the', 'nearuniversal', 'lowenergy', 'longdistance', 'approximation', 'to', 'quantum', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 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712.0811 | The Fast Fibonacci Decompression Algorithm | Data compression has been widely applied in many data processing areas.
Compression methods use variable-size codes with the shorter codes assigned to
symbols or groups of symbols that appear in the data frequently. Fibonacci
coding, as a representative of these codes, is used for compressing small
numbers. Time consumption of a decompression algorithm is not usually as
important as the time of a compression algorithm. However, efficiency of the
decompression may be a critical issue in some cases. For example, a real-time
compression of tree data structures follows this issue. Tree's pages are
decompressed during every reading from a secondary storage into the main
memory. In this case, the efficiency of a decompression algorithm is extremely
important. We have developed a Fast Fibonacci decompression for this purpose.
Our approach is up to $3.5\times$ faster than the original implementation.
| cs.PF cs.OH | data compression has been widely applied in many data processing areas compression methods use variablesize codes with the shorter codes assigned to symbols or groups of symbols that appear in the data frequently fibonacci coding as a representative of these codes is used for compressing small numbers time consumption of a decompression algorithm is not usually as important as the time of a compression algorithm however efficiency of the decompression may be a critical issue in some cases for example a realtime compression of tree data structures follows this issue trees pages are decompressed during every reading from a secondary storage into the main memory in this case the efficiency of a decompression algorithm is extremely important we have developed a fast fibonacci decompression for this purpose our approach is up to 35times faster than the original implementation | [['data', 'compression', 'has', 'been', 'widely', 'applied', 'in', 'many', 'data', 'processing', 'areas', 'compression', 'methods', 'use', 'variablesize', 'codes', 'with', 'the', 'shorter', 'codes', 'assigned', 'to', 'symbols', 'or', 'groups', 'of', 'symbols', 'that', 'appear', 'in', 'the', 'data', 'frequently', 'fibonacci', 'coding', 'as', 'a', 'representative', 'of', 'these', 'codes', 'is', 'used', 'for', 'compressing', 'small', 'numbers', 'time', 'consumption', 'of', 'a', 'decompression', 'algorithm', 'is', 'not', 'usually', 'as', 'important', 'as', 'the', 'time', 'of', 'a', 'compression', 'algorithm', 'however', 'efficiency', 'of', 'the', 'decompression', 'may', 'be', 'a', 'critical', 'issue', 'in', 'some', 'cases', 'for', 'example', 'a', 'realtime', 'compression', 'of', 'tree', 'data', 'structures', 'follows', 'this', 'issue', 'trees', 'pages', 'are', 'decompressed', 'during', 'every', 'reading', 'from', 'a', 'secondary', 'storage', 'into', 'the', 'main', 'memory', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'efficiency', 'of', 'a', 'decompression', 'algorithm', 'is', 'extremely', 'important', 'we', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'fast', 'fibonacci', 'decompression', 'for', 'this', 'purpose', 'our', 'approach', 'is', 'up', 'to', '35times', 'faster', 'than', 'the', 'original', 'implementation']] | [-0.14378853661237637, 0.10378112878812396, -0.10062592470532526, 0.09575183908336972, -0.03915192298186214, -0.15916543658417853, 0.07548677926356702, 0.3987046249642752, -0.31052916010747245, -0.30810795718992967, 0.1836500809683154, -0.22777132784772286, -0.13170887118347152, 0.24838116284345102, -0.10527560827862201, 0.08048153801591716, 0.10500086169686519, 0.07938115656767311, -0.0636608335847521, -0.31020136289568484, 0.21503970967740685, 0.12862291087841857, 0.30610334104520903, -0.025015518815000203, 0.039680883085922054, -0.03844581865300627, -0.025294948392885104, -0.02861611978091062, -0.06890605151362462, 0.10641802493077905, 0.31044441764242947, 0.19781986290784687, 0.2911990424246946, -0.42679512936287, -0.23019462909576469, 0.09194860850508069, 0.1841064769136922, 0.1587730122770628, -0.0821111745511492, -0.17432929200720906, 0.12425311524555951, -0.16917141869940888, -0.010671285824661238, -0.05297552375797776, 0.058683504309991134, 0.0283322236458501, -0.24674132829734488, 0.03460356361313682, 0.07455541031684834, 0.04577975173521301, -0.022072155101130298, -0.11898634972158766, 0.06071462815431743, 0.11718345981975342, 0.021691981335238055, 0.06294266293770161, 0.10528678017072853, -0.09996373916257416, -0.1277721481417994, 0.43709443647252477, 0.00618512375882162, -0.16727879625218717, 0.16222756470729044, -0.03525815437466878, -0.16438073978043985, 0.16800090960105477, 0.20351019168299608, 0.10122362352178796, -0.11616142018212249, 0.03142008391222444, -0.011789593388380456, 0.20686188982664674, 0.1357690024736297, 0.012712189589417878, 0.14667202971632715, 0.20116648258788147, 0.026254279799236363, 0.21460901846876368, -0.0831730954915933, -0.054363682764865785, -0.2237040052406382, -0.1684005539695584, -0.21811251062224957, 0.0018414596376807322, -0.1096130783797876, -0.15498367898280907, 0.3521601824609536, 0.17088148753459065, 0.18188001228280473, 0.04429218743968269, 0.3670753940831924, 0.04901546547762996, 0.14721738978983342, 0.14033836595025723, 0.09435897482920985, 0.09243071851981939, 0.14020416584790454, -0.12381392288649373, 0.08660908612258988, 0.07486144845893579] |
712.0812 | A Survey of 3.3 Micron PAH Emission in Planetary Nebulae | Results are presented from a pilot survey of 3.3 micron PAH emission from
planetary nebulae using FLITECAM, an instrument intended for airborne astronomy
with SOFIA. The observations were made during ground-based commissioning of
FLITECAM's spectroscopic mode at the 3-m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory.
Direct-ruled KRS-5 grisms were used to give a resolving power (R)~1,700.
Targets were selected from IRAS, KAO and ISO sources with previously observed
PAH emission at longer wavelengths. AGB stars and PN with C/O ratios < 1 were
also added to the target list in order to test PAH detection thresholds. In
all, 20 objects were observed. PAH emission was detected in 11 out of 20
observed targets.
| astro-ph | results are presented from a pilot survey of 33 micron pah emission from planetary nebulae using flitecam an instrument intended for airborne astronomy with sofia the observations were made during groundbased commissioning of flitecams spectroscopic mode at the 3m shane telescope at lick observatory directruled krs5 grisms were used to give a resolving power r1700 targets were selected from iras kao and iso sources with previously observed pah emission at longer wavelengths agb stars and pn with co ratios 1 were also added to the target list in order to test pah detection thresholds in all 20 objects were observed pah emission was detected in 11 out of 20 observed targets | [['results', 'are', 'presented', 'from', 'a', 'pilot', 'survey', 'of', '33', 'micron', 'pah', 'emission', 'from', 'planetary', 'nebulae', 'using', 'flitecam', 'an', 'instrument', 'intended', 'for', 'airborne', 'astronomy', 'with', 'sofia', 'the', 'observations', 'were', 'made', 'during', 'groundbased', 'commissioning', 'of', 'flitecams', 'spectroscopic', 'mode', 'at', 'the', '3m', 'shane', 'telescope', 'at', 'lick', 'observatory', 'directruled', 'krs5', 'grisms', 'were', 'used', 'to', 'give', 'a', 'resolving', 'power', 'r1700', 'targets', 'were', 'selected', 'from', 'iras', 'kao', 'and', 'iso', 'sources', 'with', 'previously', 'observed', 'pah', 'emission', 'at', 'longer', 'wavelengths', 'agb', 'stars', 'and', 'pn', 'with', 'co', 'ratios', '1', 'were', 'also', 'added', 'to', 'the', 'target', 'list', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'test', 'pah', 'detection', 'thresholds', 'in', 'all', '20', 'objects', 'were', 'observed', 'pah', 'emission', 'was', 'detected', 'in', '11', 'out', 'of', '20', 'observed', 'targets']] | [0.002222163707157162, 0.07951389982652846, -0.03837163779867169, 0.04114782693578261, -0.0715162339141575, -0.11959754323116809, 0.01114220635216927, 0.5015726511096843, -0.07269710714049707, -0.4238303545514278, 0.05554091090567097, -0.3698500248246661, 0.01615335857582705, 0.1889714054919988, -0.0074954860687046964, 0.023428368495307238, 0.08598947429308172, -0.17532908207971917, 0.07414949501681829, -0.2943913149081658, 0.20771754275415547, 0.18258495811616707, 0.15256801738934678, -0.04168019285338504, 0.05064832809529154, -0.15140131662467007, -0.15125473783891125, -0.08423730119122802, -0.12502674881595177, 0.014484538541123202, 0.3656283762614965, 0.16326458177912248, 0.13499692999801347, -0.3184587311252046, -0.1595782553885898, 0.013863974790497918, 0.11983327074063437, -0.012359411091212984, 0.016943610808594484, -0.3441019197621287, 0.05824228861830502, -0.12678593393223725, -0.17851099607351922, 0.11524564549152817, 0.04421379257898743, 0.07742162413512156, -0.2005325751074494, -0.027220257737719515, -0.08750347048370603, 0.2252151268386395, -0.18343893614832626, -0.2308051889483756, -0.07511961001959394, 0.11107771423216647, -0.04532788773709212, 0.05003087694221394, 0.14027805330458087, -0.06953415209340437, -0.054085871926617644, 0.3863459048078996, -0.110869111300655, 0.08565084893848295, 0.22719001035297412, -0.22078951066969155, -0.22903378939508487, 0.28423801616212857, 0.12105163842631138, 0.14363198780028202, -0.19816128621704737, -0.03106076862754422, 0.040690380496747586, 0.27162988203638627, 0.14898524988251172, 0.10166991176083684, 0.29466732532203754, 0.08661738344877262, -0.03292557634587321, 0.16240766064468423, -0.37442997089265107, 0.039389590954703985, -0.25933559078758006, -0.09494561623677472, -0.11049334831708807, 0.08161681678328907, -0.01662157316203664, -0.012130463691145425, 0.2868695109299271, 0.09856532494076223, 0.11410111064857273, 0.04072844840490442, 0.2831022498136926, 0.00930271094020839, 0.15646745687324518, 0.03490210015535633, 0.37561317087612417, 0.09469477292890095, 0.16068280214948633, -0.15697786171276507, 0.04633879904835441, -0.021286485383774492] |
712.0813 | CLUSTEREASY: A Program for Simulating Scalar Field Evolution on Parallel
Computers | We describe a new, parallel programming version of the scalar field
simulation program LATTICEEASY. The new C++ program, CLUSTEREASY, can simulate
arbitrary scalar field models on distributed-memory clusters. The speed and
memory requirements scale well with the number of processors. As with the
serial version of LATTICEEASY, CLUSTEREASY can run simulations in one, two, or
three dimensions, with or without expansion of the universe, with customizable
parameters and output. The program and its full documentation are available on
the LATTICEEASY website at
http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Physics/fstaff/gfelder/latticeeasy/.
In this paper we provide a brief overview of what CLUSTEREASY does and the ways
in which it does and doesn't differ from the serial version of LATTICEEASY.
| hep-ph hep-lat hep-th | we describe a new parallel programming version of the scalar field simulation program latticeeasy the new c program clustereasy can simulate arbitrary scalar field models on distributedmemory clusters the speed and memory requirements scale well with the number of processors as with the serial version of latticeeasy clustereasy can run simulations in one two or three dimensions with or without expansion of the universe with customizable parameters and output the program and its full documentation are available on the latticeeasy website at httpwwwsciencesmithedudepartmentsphysicsfstaffgfelderlatticeeasy in this paper we provide a brief overview of what clustereasy does and the ways in which it does and doesnt differ from the serial version of latticeeasy | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'new', 'parallel', 'programming', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'scalar', 'field', 'simulation', 'program', 'latticeeasy', 'the', 'new', 'c', 'program', 'clustereasy', 'can', 'simulate', 'arbitrary', 'scalar', 'field', 'models', 'on', 'distributedmemory', 'clusters', 'the', 'speed', 'and', 'memory', 'requirements', 'scale', 'well', 'with', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'processors', 'as', 'with', 'the', 'serial', 'version', 'of', 'latticeeasy', 'clustereasy', 'can', 'run', 'simulations', 'in', 'one', 'two', 'or', 'three', 'dimensions', 'with', 'or', 'without', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'with', 'customizable', 'parameters', 'and', 'output', 'the', 'program', 'and', 'its', 'full', 'documentation', 'are', 'available', 'on', 'the', 'latticeeasy', 'website', 'at', 'httpwwwsciencesmithedudepartmentsphysicsfstaffgfelderlatticeeasy', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'provide', 'a', 'brief', 'overview', 'of', 'what', 'clustereasy', 'does', 'and', 'the', 'ways', 'in', 'which', 'it', 'does', 'and', 'doesnt', 'differ', 'from', 'the', 'serial', 'version', 'of', 'latticeeasy']] | [-0.12173104104162617, 0.05521565266376869, -0.08201969045383686, 0.033321625564713034, -0.11645509989889846, -0.16226467848120427, -0.011921012070326304, 0.3564480119469491, -0.2410910399292003, -0.3754356402903795, 0.13631430131235076, -0.22869638196954672, -0.07092213514049284, 0.2079529365736314, -0.028868940616534514, 0.02690465650891631, 0.10217272971164096, 0.04482640910877804, -0.06328216350468045, -0.2891975752099163, 0.2794161299836229, 0.076193048263138, 0.22125590377783572, 0.020575061490738088, 0.08818469921507957, 0.026110991314900193, -0.047308846571567385, 0.034061133383180606, -0.11752565537410026, 0.09112280259512111, 0.1889180961079877, 0.21055860137566923, 0.2501225549135018, -0.4546673338860273, -0.1156727590598166, 0.05732721266421405, 0.12785424220545047, 0.1347042577796277, -0.025482352592305028, -0.2334953954866664, 0.062270852615421805, -0.18511069301007824, -0.0845680453306572, -0.05909954395822503, -0.046632336008108476, 0.031171651057560337, -0.24368808572603898, 0.003075475770641457, 0.017520546952304854, 0.0726422993212261, 0.007265139116101306, -0.11604480411518704, 0.008484220197847621, 0.09082433092090386, 0.01806454248726368, 0.05831138671968471, 0.11117471161467785, -0.1328672584294426, -0.1616153976626017, 0.3918662288649516, -0.08024025202136148, -0.17189449199729345, 0.21457360178676688, -0.11002601152285933, -0.14543208263560453, 0.05503628851888193, 0.21302016999741846, 0.08144585851325907, -0.14155095542188395, 0.12050406898699954, -0.011996155003593727, 0.21254376340657472, 0.023879580294967374, 0.010232274153862487, 0.19605207596482202, 0.14846557364375754, 0.002585095802152699, 0.14752845671027898, -0.03517538910197221, -0.09687441725347361, -0.3391100415705957, -0.19594232797284017, -0.13766550445632839, 0.016474502957002684, -0.07509701747635104, -0.16888687052679333, 0.4124793526547199, 0.16639922319657424, 0.12142031962390651, 0.10480560915311798, 0.33204685584218663, 0.03060406803640283, 0.12183270134476268, 0.14529877297410912, 0.14871967785399068, 0.050849026411941105, 0.17252189137718893, -0.18310733526225456, 0.040040045631626116, 0.03766157985241576] |
712.0814 | Log-average periodogram estimator of the memory parameter | This paper introduces a semiparametric regression estimator of the memory
parameter for long-memory time series process. It is based on the regression in
a neighborhood of the zero-frequency of the periodogram averaged over epochs.
The proposed estimator is theoretically justified and empirical Monte Carlo
investigation gives evidence that the method is very promising to estimate the
long-memory parameter.
| math.ST stat.TH | this paper introduces a semiparametric regression estimator of the memory parameter for longmemory time series process it is based on the regression in a neighborhood of the zerofrequency of the periodogram averaged over epochs the proposed estimator is theoretically justified and empirical monte carlo investigation gives evidence that the method is very promising to estimate the longmemory parameter | [['this', 'paper', 'introduces', 'a', 'semiparametric', 'regression', 'estimator', 'of', 'the', 'memory', 'parameter', 'for', 'longmemory', 'time', 'series', 'process', 'it', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'regression', 'in', 'a', 'neighborhood', 'of', 'the', 'zerofrequency', 'of', 'the', 'periodogram', 'averaged', 'over', 'epochs', 'the', 'proposed', 'estimator', 'is', 'theoretically', 'justified', 'and', 'empirical', 'monte', 'carlo', 'investigation', 'gives', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'very', 'promising', 'to', 'estimate', 'the', 'longmemory', 'parameter']] | [-0.091389707113006, -0.0071400191538549705, -0.19067031912634086, 0.10628438934876111, -0.06406645959339521, -0.14676834904620872, 0.07702608151433604, 0.4065722585495176, -0.2472780572957006, -0.25281249953369644, 0.1282747033722538, -0.2329660283144692, -0.16636367439762048, 0.21389821449953034, -0.07026023147948857, 0.11418536626573267, 0.10130347510607078, -0.05510426335165213, -0.03488162668534266, -0.3020865175038062, 0.241750859045263, 0.13959727423458262, 0.3007742976448659, -0.05282360179638811, 0.14631009294956537, 0.01907546734758492, -0.07844136090114198, -0.02453352475603079, -0.15720919520127014, 0.07884448761891188, 0.23728323072708887, 0.10512384367657118, 0.3723066992062176, -0.3033124964748477, -0.23897715303083433, 0.11976205914056506, 0.15379051257181783, 0.041827428026189065, 0.005369189972106111, -0.24477062133494124, 0.0387106124504373, -0.18627370993510403, -0.05821050194509585, -0.125544136409158, -0.0006371176127215911, -0.01769907176815744, -0.3799375150160029, 0.1905185589406254, 0.06486149601124484, 0.062276680183050964, -0.02382362305572064, -0.12156040611644757, 0.05444897305027678, -0.005864104312234397, 0.13385556174335791, -0.0033133967763519494, 0.07892345418703967, -0.033115065074525774, -0.08420768938958645, 0.26662345587051123, -0.10985154469080012, -0.19404846844102802, 0.12601739589269434, -0.13626985373537473, -0.15114188483306046, 0.11661746904779836, 0.18188028858075367, 0.1192216882482171, -0.19384210144073286, 0.08663862167179168, -0.053856252275150396, 0.14834929019983473, -0.034596147015690804, -0.046263580395165704, 0.14259663192105704, 0.2675707527950149, 0.07582784525985861, 0.14329920266353494, -0.21446841108564543, -0.1318945167907353, -0.32954170861570486, -0.15924275982000963, -0.27135660742602213, -0.0369492370097352, -0.17837785796943756, -0.2563354924064258, 0.4449366494563633, 0.25485296431800414, 0.15825839701975727, 0.12856172439481678, 0.3132661601191322, 0.17985691633557194, 0.019743539039687865, 0.0669933344831626, 0.20264022909747115, 0.12770187171529337, 0.0646049800662099, -0.2084272530588225, 0.19464756621465343, 0.0370826649816771] |
712.0815 | Primitivity of finitely presented monomial algebras | We study prime monomial algebras. Our main result is that a prime finitely
presented monomial algebra is either primitive or it has GK dimension one and
satisfies a polynomial identity. More generally, we show this result holds for
the class of \emph{automaton algebras}; that is, monomial algebras that have a
basis consisting of the set of words recognized by some finite state automaton.
This proves a special case of a conjecture of the first author and Agata
Smoktunowicz.
| math.RA | we study prime monomial algebras our main result is that a prime finitely presented monomial algebra is either primitive or it has gk dimension one and satisfies a polynomial identity more generally we show this result holds for the class of emphautomaton algebras that is monomial algebras that have a basis consisting of the set of words recognized by some finite state automaton this proves a special case of a conjecture of the first author and agata smoktunowicz | [['we', 'study', 'prime', 'monomial', 'algebras', 'our', 'main', 'result', 'is', 'that', 'a', 'prime', 'finitely', 'presented', 'monomial', 'algebra', 'is', 'either', 'primitive', 'or', 'it', 'has', 'gk', 'dimension', 'one', 'and', 'satisfies', 'a', 'polynomial', 'identity', 'more', 'generally', 'we', 'show', 'this', 'result', 'holds', 'for', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'emphautomaton', 'algebras', 'that', 'is', 'monomial', 'algebras', 'that', 'have', 'a', 'basis', 'consisting', 'of', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'words', 'recognized', 'by', 'some', 'finite', 'state', 'automaton', 'this', 'proves', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'conjecture', 'of', 'the', 'first', 'author', 'and', 'agata', 'smoktunowicz']] | [-0.1870634410391991, 0.07248391397297382, -0.08360035283311101, 0.05732987485614351, -0.08495597572174746, -0.186773661663151, -0.05528203163344365, 0.30134221300325514, -0.3241021420758266, -0.1693373264793258, 0.10005254621085312, -0.25647449258763294, -0.1461893787347506, 0.21999777949720548, -0.1161886320703409, -0.029111060259452502, 0.10588045814981709, 0.11950378735586033, -0.02581404978348934, -0.3457987016224145, 0.4239713456239793, -0.018520641418827043, 0.18446791415139066, 0.015129338200022649, 0.10720572462789231, -0.003404749400139629, -0.013083362286644322, 0.003811391167245902, -0.11625156533296217, 0.09624227085952078, 0.31012996523217723, 0.13908666500809613, 0.2831298557560673, -0.3145925976674665, -0.12176837812347169, 0.2260388341587182, 0.13052889047940444, 0.052792691855461565, -0.07288102769121292, -0.1802085439958791, 0.14936619134644022, -0.23841133389573593, -0.18031560018199025, -0.06413820610296997, 0.10418725707991557, -0.013078594655887066, -0.2894074354992042, -0.012347063448812281, 0.18646518285265312, 0.15380005194962798, -0.04417777173946817, -0.11420646090931319, -0.01722521334281796, 0.04843400833771455, -0.05919167925240835, 0.05363780683112125, 0.023850815358583802, -0.057562540218766244, -0.16314418714904746, 0.3955880300891767, 0.00508636324485014, -0.19565665320336045, 0.13016837626066688, -0.1986455880407873, -0.22686471018408025, 0.0831614724593237, 0.003357685116639772, 0.13208862720662123, -0.056485114667516254, 0.16556195903935336, -0.22154420799297558, 0.08670129600380148, 0.12105413549277302, -0.013185473491570779, 0.1178359298470926, 0.1378390216268599, 0.048486480710108755, 0.1749205519505716, 0.0695225102343149, 0.02692933568077815, -0.34697574198657233, -0.21843002748058796, -0.17333041251993847, 0.12284791328061323, -0.06123956220864028, -0.16468779720946566, 0.4242425664001471, 0.10219320618281406, 0.09931724354648938, 0.12478589040511469, 0.2293638678860258, 0.09520554529860549, 0.08468167716032499, 0.04446719458036415, 0.11274746936245507, 0.2017658802335961, -0.017248876058714245, -0.09399609170950853, 0.040239555552577626, 0.22350893568779742] |
712.0816 | The thickness of HI in galactic discs under MOND: theory and application
to the Galaxy | The outskirts of galaxies are a very good laboratory for testing the nature
of the gravitational field at low accelerations. By assuming that the neutral
hydrogen gas is in hydrostatic equilibrium in the gravitational potential of
the host galaxy, the observed flaring of the gas layer can be used to test
modified gravities. For the first time we construct a simple framework to
derive the scaleheight of the neutral hydrogen gas disc in the MOND scenario
and apply this to the Milky Way. It is shown that using a constant gas velocity
dispersion of ~9 km/s, MOND is able to give a very good fit to the observed HI
flaring beyond a galactocentric distance of 17 kpc up to the last measured
point (~40 kpc). Between 10 and 16 kpc, however, the observed scaleheight is
about 40% more than what MOND predicts for the standard interpolating function
and 70% for the form suggested by Famaey & Binney. Given the uncertainties in
the non-thermal pressure support by cosmic rays and magnetic fields, MOND seems
to be a plausible alternative to dark matter in explaining the Milky Way
flaring. Studying the flaring of extended HI discs in external edge-on galaxies
may be a promising approach to assess the viability of MOND.
| astro-ph | the outskirts of galaxies are a very good laboratory for testing the nature of the gravitational field at low accelerations by assuming that the neutral hydrogen gas is in hydrostatic equilibrium in the gravitational potential of the host galaxy the observed flaring of the gas layer can be used to test modified gravities for the first time we construct a simple framework to derive the scaleheight of the neutral hydrogen gas disc in the mond scenario and apply this to the milky way it is shown that using a constant gas velocity dispersion of 9 kms mond is able to give a very good fit to the observed hi flaring beyond a galactocentric distance of 17 kpc up to the last measured point 40 kpc between 10 and 16 kpc however the observed scaleheight is about 40 more than what mond predicts for the standard interpolating function and 70 for the form suggested by famaey binney given the uncertainties in the nonthermal pressure support by cosmic rays and magnetic fields mond seems to be a plausible alternative to dark matter in explaining the milky way flaring studying the flaring of extended hi discs in external edgeon galaxies may be a promising approach to assess the viability of mond | [['the', 'outskirts', 'of', 'galaxies', 'are', 'a', 'very', 'good', 'laboratory', 'for', 'testing', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'field', 'at', 'low', 'accelerations', 'by', 'assuming', 'that', 'the', 'neutral', 'hydrogen', 'gas', 'is', 'in', 'hydrostatic', 'equilibrium', 'in', 'the', 'gravitational', 'potential', 'of', 'the', 'host', 'galaxy', 'the', 'observed', 'flaring', 'of', 'the', 'gas', 'layer', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'test', 'modified', 'gravities', 'for', 'the', 'first', 'time', 'we', 'construct', 'a', 'simple', 'framework', 'to', 'derive', 'the', 'scaleheight', 'of', 'the', 'neutral', 'hydrogen', 'gas', 'disc', 'in', 'the', 'mond', 'scenario', 'and', 'apply', 'this', 'to', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'using', 'a', 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712.0817 | Loop quantization of spherically symmetric midi-superspaces : the
interior problem | We continue the study of spherically symmetric vacuum space-times in loop
quantum gravity by treating the interior of a black hole. We start from a
midi-superspace approach, but a simple gauge fixing leads to a Kantowski--Sachs
form for the variables. We show that one can solve the quantum theory exactly
in the (periodic) connection representation, including the inner product. The
evolution can be solved exactly by de-parameterizing the theory and can be
easily interpreted as a semi-classical evolution plus quantum corrections. A
relational evolution can also be introduced in a precise manner, suggesting
what may happen in situations where it is not possible to de-parameterize. We
show that the singularity is replaced by a bounce at which quantum effects are
important and that the extent of the region at the bounce where one departs
from classical general relativity depends on the initial data.
| gr-qc | we continue the study of spherically symmetric vacuum spacetimes in loop quantum gravity by treating the interior of a black hole we start from a midisuperspace approach but a simple gauge fixing leads to a kantowskisachs form for the variables we show that one can solve the quantum theory exactly in the periodic connection representation including the inner product the evolution can be solved exactly by deparameterizing the theory and can be easily interpreted as a semiclassical evolution plus quantum corrections a relational evolution can also be introduced in a precise manner suggesting what may happen in situations where it is not possible to deparameterize we show that the singularity is replaced by a bounce at which quantum effects are important and that the extent of the region at the bounce where one departs from classical general relativity depends on the initial data | [['we', 'continue', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'vacuum', 'spacetimes', 'in', 'loop', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'by', 'treating', 'the', 'interior', 'of', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'we', 'start', 'from', 'a', 'midisuperspace', 'approach', 'but', 'a', 'simple', 'gauge', 'fixing', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'kantowskisachs', 'form', 'for', 'the', 'variables', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'one', 'can', 'solve', 'the', 'quantum', 'theory', 'exactly', 'in', 'the', 'periodic', 'connection', 'representation', 'including', 'the', 'inner', 'product', 'the', 'evolution', 'can', 'be', 'solved', 'exactly', 'by', 'deparameterizing', 'the', 'theory', 'and', 'can', 'be', 'easily', 'interpreted', 'as', 'a', 'semiclassical', 'evolution', 'plus', 'quantum', 'corrections', 'a', 'relational', 'evolution', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'introduced', 'in', 'a', 'precise', 'manner', 'suggesting', 'what', 'may', 'happen', 'in', 'situations', 'where', 'it', 'is', 'not', 'possible', 'to', 'deparameterize', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'singularity', 'is', 'replaced', 'by', 'a', 'bounce', 'at', 'which', 'quantum', 'effects', 'are', 'important', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'extent', 'of', 'the', 'region', 'at', 'the', 'bounce', 'where', 'one', 'departs', 'from', 'classical', 'general', 'relativity', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'initial', 'data']] | [-0.10849066647859489, 0.1494560198369601, -0.1463286204904265, 0.11927465120072853, -0.07765608680507181, -0.1604514891704452, -0.009787673633446561, 0.30756323563648347, -0.26692155803098006, -0.25620925204550965, 0.10715273801808688, -0.24522748741433553, -0.15436698737098498, 0.1739871334284544, -0.06299413600131533, -0.006994289669690403, 0.046622859219961024, 0.085550226297573, -0.11247364239327953, -0.22686365641841783, 0.3706118512621268, 0.05236584126143485, 0.19227060299128929, 0.015488045861455777, 0.06906895439474058, -0.01225411577533323, 0.02666741829751066, 0.09604258552286113, -0.10833234605721011, 0.04782739415655824, 0.22786677059208055, 0.11864154884948376, 0.2423417182797764, -0.44788513101426, -0.25619193064114937, 0.07791759655645765, 0.1619379948296234, 0.1897302086007656, -0.033572271957511335, -0.2758211893911295, 0.06212700578526112, -0.18862963992613532, -0.15546170258911077, -0.045191365406445576, -0.010113043201994812, -0.07404982965895311, -0.2521277078136749, 0.09189378108035819, 0.041252718789251984, -0.04338825041021993, -0.03758956166149401, -0.020041487188572196, -0.0073328280610078615, 0.10431405397277352, 0.027185802172922286, 0.039484988515767275, 0.13301935111311206, -0.11400724362568758, -0.11086673976470393, 0.4242425012230503, -0.07352872723911671, -0.21870415455641898, 0.13088836215753505, -0.1735596653249062, -0.12298907477950267, 0.08423080118306984, 0.12107588854743868, 0.1431239804035013, -0.13558657291338694, 0.1581444466257045, -0.015296998863101851, 0.1267015073169353, 0.0959645874752062, 0.010371919819203384, 0.30038451934514027, 0.08565372073402007, 0.031136582176207652, 0.14271628960441957, -0.016301360778867246, -0.17787453242088833, -0.3565121720287394, -0.14367206547292055, -0.16334337184159414, 0.11364698189598466, -0.09701123090889403, -0.16383074521556074, 0.3642698265983664, 0.1288799398850339, 0.18226925102029498, 0.005902091130376496, 0.24786996004396245, 0.13324448152557544, 0.07213337967008789, 0.10564954397235568, 0.26724481899852714, 0.10618606436640975, 0.08008218857010575, -0.21770026923507346, 0.02744973750936911, 0.07397404104530653] |
712.0818 | Multiplicity of Codimension Three Almost Complete Intersections | We establish the upper bound in the multiplicity conjecture of Herzog, Huneke
and Srinivasan for the codimension three almost complete intersections. We also
give some partial results in the case where I is the aci linked to a complete
intersection in one step.
| math.AC | we establish the upper bound in the multiplicity conjecture of herzog huneke and srinivasan for the codimension three almost complete intersections we also give some partial results in the case where i is the aci linked to a complete intersection in one step | [['we', 'establish', 'the', 'upper', 'bound', 'in', 'the', 'multiplicity', 'conjecture', 'of', 'herzog', 'huneke', 'and', 'srinivasan', 'for', 'the', 'codimension', 'three', 'almost', 'complete', 'intersections', 'we', 'also', 'give', 'some', 'partial', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'where', 'i', 'is', 'the', 'aci', 'linked', 'to', 'a', 'complete', 'intersection', 'in', 'one', 'step']] | [-0.19629305167946703, 0.011961412951783386, -0.07467933054363658, 0.08182906388944058, -0.02653471024187152, -0.1330506962204222, 0.025006864349855933, 0.26654014816551014, -0.21472246350373986, -0.22881370135258103, 0.11588404301911333, -0.2877668797222594, -0.11603500617689691, 0.18505571773925492, -0.13196878964731165, 0.01916558278161426, 0.0609193395844899, 0.05716038246227558, 0.008732176450795905, -0.4056547818228949, 0.36146714313085687, -0.02996182753596195, 0.20385871844929318, 0.1902651698436848, 0.019584376083383728, 0.030966265311161447, -0.03045858157971917, 0.002370921591686648, -0.2517645770337346, 0.11986609208289274, 0.28402502358306286, 0.13868725096243759, 0.20532374727258154, -0.39141213288869126, -0.06501674653724009, 0.13620965724247833, 0.1184234743353066, 0.09160708765997443, -0.012149589504440164, -0.21477405297526614, 0.14801250006137198, -0.12463427293872417, -0.210553704869262, -0.014869681104671123, 0.06204088690669038, -0.011510818605148776, -0.27109465880189526, 0.02807825697020108, 0.20846194986167343, 0.12117649201062768, -0.060193265658305135, -0.1124140078981602, -0.04663440333895905, 0.0766166764593055, -0.024217856013714227, 0.008255341577581888, -0.04656198594805806, -0.08926026098603426, -0.17121757879896565, 0.29285703391529794, -0.029922270800831707, -0.20341287768814106, 0.14728716006069337, -0.19117821057781922, -0.20930404112089512, 0.09764846693724394, 0.09382025938654362, 0.17742518358322423, -0.04139398315618204, 0.10200159719381698, -0.16413634326742138, 0.025075074558709422, 0.1470233526968852, 0.01401568568030069, 0.06861252814184787, 0.12385559937548499, 0.13927006587212862, 0.16548436629412652, -0.012906024882266687, -0.04469972692949827, -0.3590186953891155, -0.2309557592758887, -0.1222214775030003, 0.12774409888702076, -0.08218601835264856, -0.12615453083674574, 0.4072204932223919, 0.10333438785096934, 0.25086975860041244, 0.06872376669631448, 0.24470946981116784, 0.0716888437610726, -0.06130418216073236, 0.13301026384714384, 0.20543182086061448, 0.1951199063034945, 0.0053552489857687504, -0.1261855432178912, 0.02272745402703105, 0.20994958162394373] |
712.0819 | Spectra and semigroup smoothing for non-elliptic quadratic operators | We study non-elliptic quadratic differential operators. Quadratic
differential operators are non-selfadjoint operators defined in the Weyl
quantization by complex-valued quadratic symbols. When the real part of their
Weyl symbols is a non-positive quadratic form, we point out the existence of a
particular linear subspace in the phase space, intrinsically associated to the
Weyl symbols, called a singular space, such that when the singular space has a
symplectic structure, the associated heat semigroup is smoothing in every
direction of its symplectic orthogonal complement. When the Weyl symbol of such
an operator is elliptic on the singular space, this space is always symplectic
and we prove that the spectrum of the operator is discrete and can be described
as in the globally elliptic case. We also describe the large time behavior of
contraction semigroups generated by these operators.
| math.SP math.AP | we study nonelliptic quadratic differential operators quadratic differential operators are nonselfadjoint operators defined in the weyl quantization by complexvalued quadratic symbols when the real part of their weyl symbols is a nonpositive quadratic form we point out the existence of a particular linear subspace in the phase space intrinsically associated to the weyl symbols called a singular space such that when the singular space has a symplectic structure the associated heat semigroup is smoothing in every direction of its symplectic orthogonal complement when the weyl symbol of such an operator is elliptic on the singular space this space is always symplectic and we prove that the spectrum of the operator is discrete and can be described as in the globally elliptic case we also describe the large time behavior of contraction semigroups generated by these operators | [['we', 'study', 'nonelliptic', 'quadratic', 'differential', 'operators', 'quadratic', 'differential', 'operators', 'are', 'nonselfadjoint', 'operators', 'defined', 'in', 'the', 'weyl', 'quantization', 'by', 'complexvalued', 'quadratic', 'symbols', 'when', 'the', 'real', 'part', 'of', 'their', 'weyl', 'symbols', 'is', 'a', 'nonpositive', 'quadratic', 'form', 'we', 'point', 'out', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'particular', 'linear', 'subspace', 'in', 'the', 'phase', 'space', 'intrinsically', 'associated', 'to', 'the', 'weyl', 'symbols', 'called', 'a', 'singular', 'space', 'such', 'that', 'when', 'the', 'singular', 'space', 'has', 'a', 'symplectic', 'structure', 'the', 'associated', 'heat', 'semigroup', 'is', 'smoothing', 'in', 'every', 'direction', 'of', 'its', 'symplectic', 'orthogonal', 'complement', 'when', 'the', 'weyl', 'symbol', 'of', 'such', 'an', 'operator', 'is', 'elliptic', 'on', 'the', 'singular', 'space', 'this', 'space', 'is', 'always', 'symplectic', 'and', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'operator', 'is', 'discrete', 'and', 'can', 'be', 'described', 'as', 'in', 'the', 'globally', 'elliptic', 'case', 'we', 'also', 'describe', 'the', 'large', 'time', 'behavior', 'of', 'contraction', 'semigroups', 'generated', 'by', 'these', 'operators']] | [-0.21684756480595646, 0.12571650940887646, -0.0579022744204849, 0.07121764024486765, -0.13952879135853008, -0.1120442979838973, -0.04412964636953, 0.3224701116765466, -0.3614887984414749, -0.12315020555465975, 0.14149065922110288, -0.3166887989637497, -0.2184976391316227, 0.18510694461463786, -0.09467748212217189, 0.07031398900632185, 0.046770191633293184, 0.11543970985118956, -0.158419979376691, -0.24757734049875152, 0.4753524147604099, 0.0060433503890903115, 0.18016599134973468, -0.02640449328978053, 0.11298032165231074, 0.006241841489955892, -0.029595324834671748, -0.017403240799467312, -0.06668487503178339, 0.08600357019253459, 0.30029041563872905, 0.026039608783321455, 0.25142178240896423, -0.3748634513354131, -0.1815540447612019, 0.20466107627212562, 0.13213420576700147, 0.01958830304005567, -0.01585030026463381, -0.29988311231649917, 0.0995729104958146, -0.1216375027947566, -0.15019668212078294, -0.10571630131658714, -0.003388360606657122, -0.0015759895151645383, -0.25518838568549496, 0.028835990522459137, 0.1079882833531455, 0.07470093898968223, -0.09483119289763957, -0.06052669461282408, -0.06885405700407266, 0.055157196730065416, 0.002332161490545225, 0.021052161565475055, 0.06190820085184361, -0.033169164464411816, -0.10384368745829253, 0.3483597467677421, -0.08125328470401548, -0.29941611035781746, 0.07338063879904118, -0.18274339212460772, -0.11103335561004796, 0.11083866935908138, 0.14265616653445998, 0.15531901164007755, -0.09392856985622904, 0.2266139246529051, -0.08060715055805356, 0.06216377843456405, 0.06108275754548445, 0.03621665230500238, 0.11794152914166368, 0.03967866126742378, 0.164162343580221, 0.12642767911978914, 0.0019015200052629499, -0.10570977447444901, -0.3739270784700399, -0.20947274508173852, -0.203699791637893, 0.08395304427112397, -0.12190509358440656, -0.2207371642922654, 0.4289744612367084, 0.02738191946135724, 0.2282798811177011, 0.0525621828102671, 0.2262247914708603, 0.2281993065493332, 0.08520520796403563, 0.06332398260436843, 0.1491080736878383, 0.1518203670549316, 0.08506046960760347, -0.22364249122534496, -0.01187775461414062, 0.18001140958136497] |
712.082 | The epitaxial-graphene/graphene-oxide junction, an essential step
towards epitaxial graphene electronics | Graphene oxide (GO) flakes have been deposited to bridge the gap between two
epitaxial graphene electrodes to produce all-graphene devices. Electrical
measurements indicate the presence of Schottky barriers (SB) at the
graphene/graphene oxide junctions, as a consequence of the band-gap in GO. The
barrier height is found to be about 0.7 eV, and is reduced after annealing at
180 $^\circ$C, implying that the gap can be tuned by changing the degree of
oxidation. A lower limit of the GO mobility was found to be 850 cm$^2$/Vs,
rivaling silicon. {\it In situ} local oxidation of patterned epitaxial graphene
has been achieved.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci | graphene oxide go flakes have been deposited to bridge the gap between two epitaxial graphene electrodes to produce allgraphene devices electrical measurements indicate the presence of schottky barriers sb at the graphenegraphene oxide junctions as a consequence of the bandgap in go the barrier height is found to be about 07 ev and is reduced after annealing at 180 circc implying that the gap can be tuned by changing the degree of oxidation a lower limit of the go mobility was found to be 850 cm2vs rivaling silicon it in situ local oxidation of patterned epitaxial graphene has been achieved | [['graphene', 'oxide', 'go', 'flakes', 'have', 'been', 'deposited', 'to', 'bridge', 'the', 'gap', 'between', 'two', 'epitaxial', 'graphene', 'electrodes', 'to', 'produce', 'allgraphene', 'devices', 'electrical', 'measurements', 'indicate', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'schottky', 'barriers', 'sb', 'at', 'the', 'graphenegraphene', 'oxide', 'junctions', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'the', 'bandgap', 'in', 'go', 'the', 'barrier', 'height', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'about', '07', 'ev', 'and', 'is', 'reduced', 'after', 'annealing', 'at', '180', 'circc', 'implying', 'that', 'the', 'gap', 'can', 'be', 'tuned', 'by', 'changing', 'the', 'degree', 'of', 'oxidation', 'a', 'lower', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'go', 'mobility', 'was', 'found', 'to', 'be', '850', 'cm2vs', 'rivaling', 'silicon', 'it', 'in', 'situ', 'local', 'oxidation', 'of', 'patterned', 'epitaxial', 'graphene', 'has', 'been', 'achieved']] | [-0.10645540804602206, 0.16279237241717057, -0.04437738406704739, -0.0562784647452645, 0.041038515735417606, -0.19895783968269826, 0.12746864966116844, 0.4670712492987514, -0.2754038459248841, -0.40997146163135767, 0.008549172224011272, -0.3244057603366673, -0.07025325602386147, 0.20367073971312494, -0.0010190869960933924, 0.01658868357539177, -0.002782143112272024, -0.14188079159706832, -0.0858528388175182, -0.24322881083004178, 0.17333546734414995, 0.08228164076688699, 0.327498284894973, 0.16985115192364902, 0.013020027410238982, -0.11581144729163498, 0.18065266071160294, 0.003269669429282658, -0.15381230419538042, 0.049355881318915634, 0.2807660877238959, -0.19218363934662194, 0.22642981168348342, -0.5175218683033017, -0.22999822950456292, -0.023087341291829943, 0.1357005265634507, 0.12107768421526999, -0.0738434810063336, -0.25484609002247455, 0.18048064285656437, -0.10804287579274387, -0.10196964179849602, 0.042243918022140864, -0.035769913245458154, -0.05544968966394663, -0.19658050983562134, 0.06252765014767647, 0.004083016828517429, 0.09595769863721217, -0.04062749599761446, -0.16539678640197963, -0.16645759543403982, 0.08022654176689685, 0.021534122348530218, 0.0377548298984766, 0.3265346684120595, -0.060402974923490546, -0.10000088045548182, 0.3013764127250761, -0.04155044524814002, -0.042104253368452194, 0.16621891327900812, -0.15830269961385057, 0.028455986683256926, 0.19902986201341263, 0.06566651253728197, 0.09470668817870319, -0.18697394527029246, 0.09722846515884158, 0.02955445119412616, 0.2072151341708377, 0.21390746752731502, 0.048345859828405086, 0.24382751420140267, 0.2623241333849728, 0.09031901630340144, 0.12735219717607835, -0.12645985830342396, 0.06554307549493388, -0.12673893335508182, -0.25998946325853467, -0.20409074442461134, 0.15701058545848354, -0.07064968297709129, -0.18854405686724932, 0.3758341980073601, 0.14695720287505537, 0.17200115682790057, -0.05459856046829373, 0.1829599148966372, 0.11771762829041109, 0.16361858828458936, -0.023610119631048292, 0.2856161956582218, 0.1724033321090974, 0.12013014161027968, -0.19325316942762583, 0.1519771467940882, -0.07768598726019263] |
712.0821 | A General Relativistic Rotating Evolutionary Universe | We show that when we work with coordinate cosmic time, which is not proper
time, Robertson-Walker's metric, includes a possible rotational state of the
Universe. An exact formula for the angular speed and the temporal metric
coefficient, is found.
| physics.gen-ph | we show that when we work with coordinate cosmic time which is not proper time robertsonwalkers metric includes a possible rotational state of the universe an exact formula for the angular speed and the temporal metric coefficient is found | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'when', 'we', 'work', 'with', 'coordinate', 'cosmic', 'time', 'which', 'is', 'not', 'proper', 'time', 'robertsonwalkers', 'metric', 'includes', 'a', 'possible', 'rotational', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'an', 'exact', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'angular', 'speed', 'and', 'the', 'temporal', 'metric', 'coefficient', 'is', 'found']] | [-0.1611453792414604, 0.1229816095172935, -0.1131986638244528, 0.03913077638627818, -0.11304168560757087, -0.08022194645869044, -0.010312655080969516, 0.4333912595533408, -0.24801502036503875, -0.24819371166328588, 0.040192226927058816, -0.21257711297426468, -0.1018788865648019, 0.19237491603081042, -0.03933113280874796, 0.0287722415314653, 0.05831445941629891, 0.11702282619304381, -0.05894680064655124, -0.2326242649115813, 0.3176196120345058, 0.12742396790343216, 0.27223902081067747, 0.07152964512053399, 0.21600180367628732, -0.03967103317905313, -0.07495170941528602, 0.07256600283420621, -0.1462573412850944, 0.010741223216964265, 0.18991144832510215, 0.15663313502684617, 0.1932321422948287, -0.36773081630086285, -0.20438820617989853, 0.1355331545122541, 0.11409126876447445, 0.17231473552051169, 0.0038026106209518053, -0.2535955030948688, 0.05035577143709629, -0.14552439553424334, -0.17117190394455042, -0.08671100549877454, 0.09354199325809112, -0.033217103292162604, -0.23591566617146897, 0.13654536238083473, 0.09259575887774237, -0.0041840218055324676, -0.12072373090837246, -0.034561084798322275, -0.018133442395199567, 0.08935459310753056, 0.11471054467778558, 0.094100536694989, 0.05048658368058312, -0.06986902268507923, -0.07784663393902473, 0.3997275388727968, -0.11319758481560992, -0.2041031364351511, 0.10692123080102298, -0.17768390694012245, -0.10140653458447793, 0.07649440798932353, 0.10857458899800594, 0.1801841693978088, -0.16764754968738624, 0.11388575435968307, -0.00391255347774579, 0.21250829507763952, 0.06719193848757407, 0.06319175449271615, 0.15236995371583945, 0.08683067442586598, 0.09826934262393759, 0.09024041023057623, -0.11374453961467132, -0.09436244764872707, -0.3036513198644687, -0.2126426803133188, -0.18969276504447827, 0.06736910883493973, -0.17692487507734675, -0.14636173540762124, 0.3762717145996598, 0.08882291544413863, 0.19829126027150032, 0.1196736810902038, 0.29105828444545084, 0.12312705774242297, 0.011245451963100677, 0.14459068218293863, 0.2401746820945006, 0.061612362591310955, 0.10648289881646633, -0.25065283791329235, 0.07215012983681682, 0.09419387679559012] |
712.0822 | Condensation of Determinants | In this paper we tried to condense the determinant of n square matrix to the
determinant of (n - 1) square matrix with the mathematical proof.
| math.CO | in this paper we tried to condense the determinant of n square matrix to the determinant of n 1 square matrix with the mathematical proof | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'tried', 'to', 'condense', 'the', 'determinant', 'of', 'n', 'square', 'matrix', 'to', 'the', 'determinant', 'of', 'n', '1', 'square', 'matrix', 'with', 'the', 'mathematical', 'proof']] | [-0.10850982047617436, 0.10018967445939779, -0.005809360444545746, -0.0031218916410580277, -0.044884367734193804, -0.1343094764649868, 0.011127045718021691, 0.3194078986719251, -0.2721758380532265, -0.2824085333943367, 0.11857172153424472, -0.32234728036448357, -0.2444282435066998, -0.021107358634471895, -0.021668637096881868, 0.038390964344143866, -0.015441663563251495, 0.09848177827894687, -0.18382776491343975, -0.34012311428785325, 0.3066744070220739, 0.0338725309073925, 0.14841266617178916, 0.09818247878924012, 0.08210299175232649, 0.009761741925030947, -0.003710380420088768, -0.07954557485878468, -0.14965286925435067, 0.1579558607377112, 0.2374395649135113, 0.1220426856726408, 0.2517447581514716, -0.45662753999233247, -0.05503062650561333, 0.21941564723849297, 0.19999497584998607, 0.07236581295728683, 0.05578301582485437, -0.17922973798587918, 0.09839855141937733, -0.16860253907740116, -0.2389623137935996, 0.014438874069601298, 0.037523075565695764, -0.03828687950968743, -0.2719216199219227, 0.007395782582461834, 0.09458906434476376, 0.06146087136119604, 0.07636320624500513, -0.2807514800131321, 0.12016547117382288, 0.110115928016603, 0.05134991131722927, -0.005322958510369062, 0.0408373954333365, -0.05907949416898191, -0.005020094662904739, 0.33836969375610354, -0.08099685601890087, -0.22261577539145946, 0.06746100068092346, -0.15531105905771256, -0.12840315382927656, 0.15610280334949495, 0.1519545166194439, 0.05369205713272095, -0.08422290429472923, 0.1080146293528378, -0.14390105336904527, 0.1976376225054264, 0.040832186304032805, -0.023667743653059004, 0.1019722931087017, 0.10950964838266372, 0.037108679339289664, 0.13937877029180526, -0.043771085441112516, -0.1057176099717617, -0.32866167660802603, -0.2575890223309398, -0.33486142963171006, 0.18321751728653907, -0.10705694116652012, -0.23664563208818434, 0.3927453720569611, 0.16332687210291624, 0.19238797314465045, 0.1535613003745675, 0.19714471220970153, 0.09068622935563325, 0.05616259744390845, 0.019255584701895714, 0.10780389100313187, 0.25156085804104805, 0.09959433637559414, -0.1853187644481659, -0.08963536631315946, 0.2263898293301463] |
712.0823 | Why are there so few hot Jupiters? | We use numerical simulations to model the migration of massive planets at
small radii and compare the results with the known properties of 'hot Jupiters'
(extrasolar planets with semi-major axes a < 0.1 AU). For planet masses Mp sin
i > 0.5 MJup, the evidence for any `pile-up' at small radii is weak
(statistically insignificant), and although the mass function of hot Jupiters
is deficient in high mass planets as compared to a reference sample located
further out, the small sample size precludes definitive conclusions. We suggest
that these properties are consistent with disc migration followed by entry into
a magnetospheric cavity close to the star. Entry into the cavity results in a
slowing of migration, accompanied by a growth in orbital eccentricity. For
planet masses in excess of 1 Jupiter mass we find eccentricity growth
timescales of a few x 10^5 years, suggesting that these planets may often be
rapidly destroyed. Eccentricity growth appears to be faster for more massive
planets which may explain changes in the planetary mass function at small radii
and may also predict a pile-up of lower mass planets, the sample of which is
still incomplete.
| astro-ph | we use numerical simulations to model the migration of massive planets at small radii and compare the results with the known properties of hot jupiters extrasolar planets with semimajor axes a 01 au for planet masses mp sin i 05 mjup the evidence for any pileup at small radii is weak statistically insignificant and although the mass function of hot jupiters is deficient in high mass planets as compared to a reference sample located further out the small sample size precludes definitive conclusions we suggest that these properties are consistent with disc migration followed by entry into a magnetospheric cavity close to the star entry into the cavity results in a slowing of migration accompanied by a growth in orbital eccentricity for planet masses in excess of 1 jupiter mass we find eccentricity growth timescales of a few x 105 years suggesting that these planets may often be rapidly destroyed eccentricity growth appears to be faster for more massive planets which may explain changes in the planetary mass function at small radii and may also predict a pileup of lower mass planets the sample of which is still incomplete | [['we', 'use', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'to', 'model', 'the', 'migration', 'of', 'massive', 'planets', 'at', 'small', 'radii', 'and', 'compare', 'the', 'results', 'with', 'the', 'known', 'properties', 'of', 'hot', 'jupiters', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'with', 'semimajor', 'axes', 'a', '01', 'au', 'for', 'planet', 'masses', 'mp', 'sin', 'i', '05', 'mjup', 'the', 'evidence', 'for', 'any', 'pileup', 'at', 'small', 'radii', 'is', 'weak', 'statistically', 'insignificant', 'and', 'although', 'the', 'mass', 'function', 'of', 'hot', 'jupiters', 'is', 'deficient', 'in', 'high', 'mass', 'planets', 'as', 'compared', 'to', 'a', 'reference', 'sample', 'located', 'further', 'out', 'the', 'small', 'sample', 'size', 'precludes', 'definitive', 'conclusions', 'we', 'suggest', 'that', 'these', 'properties', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'disc', 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0.09430845619287716, -0.037861092336397006] |
712.0824 | Thermal Balance in the Intracluster Medium: Is AGN Feedback Necessary? | A variety of physical heating mechanisms are combined with radiative cooling
to explore, via one dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, the expected thermal
properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) in the context of the cooling flow
problem. Energy injection from type Ia supernovae, thermal conduction, and
dynamical friction (DF) from orbiting satellite galaxies are considered. The
novel feature of this work is the exploration of a wide range of efficiencies
of each heating process. While the latter two can provide a substantial amount
of energy, neither mechanism operating alone can produce nor maintain an ICM in
thermal balance over cosmological timescales, in stark contrast with
observations. For simulated clusters with initially isothermal temperature
profiles, both mechanisms acting in combination result in long-term thermal
balance for a range of ICM temperatures and for central electron densities less
than n_e~0.02 cm^-3; at greater densities catastrophic cooling invariably
occurs. Furthermore, these heating mechanisms can neither produce nor maintain
clusters with a declining temperature profile in the central regions, implying
that the observed "cooling-core'' clusters, which have such declining
temperature profiles, cannot be maintained with these mechanisms alone. Thus,
while there appears to be an abundant supply of energy capable of heating the
ICM in clusters, it is extremely difficult for the energy deposition to occur
in such a way that the ICM remains in thermal balance over cosmological
time-scales. These results strongly suggest that a more dynamic heating process
such as feedback from a central black hole is required to generate the
properties of observed intracluster media. (ABRIDGED)
| astro-ph | a variety of physical heating mechanisms are combined with radiative cooling to explore via one dimensional hydrodynamic simulations the expected thermal properties of the intracluster medium icm in the context of the cooling flow problem energy injection from type ia supernovae thermal conduction and dynamical friction df from orbiting satellite galaxies are considered the novel feature of this work is the exploration of a wide range of efficiencies of each heating process while the latter two can provide a substantial amount of energy neither mechanism operating alone can produce nor maintain an icm in thermal balance over cosmological timescales in stark contrast with observations for simulated clusters with initially isothermal temperature profiles both mechanisms acting in combination result in longterm thermal balance for a range of icm temperatures and for central electron densities less than n_e002 cm3 at greater densities catastrophic cooling invariably occurs furthermore these heating mechanisms can neither produce nor maintain clusters with a declining temperature profile in the central regions implying that the observed coolingcore clusters which have such declining temperature profiles cannot be maintained with these mechanisms alone thus while there appears to be an abundant supply of energy capable of heating the icm in clusters it is extremely difficult for the energy deposition to occur in such a way that the icm remains in thermal balance over cosmological timescales these results strongly suggest that a more dynamic heating process such as feedback from a central black hole is required to generate the properties of observed intracluster media abridged | [['a', 'variety', 'of', 'physical', 'heating', 'mechanisms', 'are', 'combined', 'with', 'radiative', 'cooling', 'to', 'explore', 'via', 'one', 'dimensional', 'hydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'the', 'expected', 'thermal', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'intracluster', 'medium', 'icm', 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712.0825 | Interaction effects in 2D electron gas in a random magnetic field:
Implications for composite fermions and quantum critical point | We consider a clean two-dimensional interacting electron gas subject to a
random perpendicular magnetic field, h({\bf r}). The field is nonquantizing, in
the sense, that {\cal N}_h-a typical flux into the area \lambda_{\text{\tiny
F}}^2 in the units of the flux quantum (\lambda_{\text{\tiny F}} is the de
Broglie wavelength) is small, {\cal N}_h\ll 1. If the spacial scale, \xi, of
change of h({\bf r}) is much larger than \lambda_{\text{\tiny F}}, the
electrons move along semiclassical trajectories. We demonstrate that a weak
field-induced curving of the trajectories affects the interaction-induced
electron lifetime in a singular fashion: it gives rise to the correction to the
lifetime with a very sharp energy dependence. The correction persists within
the interval \omega \sim \omega_0= E_{\text{\tiny F}}{\cal N}_h^{2/3} much
smaller than the Fermi energy, E_{\text{\tiny F}}. It emerges in the third
order in the interaction strength; the underlying physics is that a small phase
volume \sim (\omega/E_{\text{\tiny F}})^{1/2} for scattering processes,
involving {\em two} electron-hole pairs, is suppressed by curving. Even more
surprising effect that we find is that {\em disorder-averaged} interaction
correction to the density of states, \delta\nu(\omega), exhibits {\em
oscillatory} behavior, periodic in \bigl(\omega/\omega_0\bigr)^{3/2}. In our
calculations of interaction corrections random field is incorporated via the
phases of the Green functions in the coordinate space. We discuss the relevance
of the new low-energy scale for realizations of a smooth random field in
composite fermions and in disordered phase of spin-fermion model of
ferromagnetic quantum criticality.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we consider a clean twodimensional interacting electron gas subject to a random perpendicular magnetic field hbf r the field is nonquantizing in the sense that cal n_ha typical flux into the area lambda_texttiny f2 in the units of the flux quantum lambda_texttiny f is the de broglie wavelength is small cal n_hll 1 if the spacial scale xi of change of hbf r is much larger than lambda_texttiny f the electrons move along semiclassical trajectories we demonstrate that a weak fieldinduced curving of the trajectories affects the interactioninduced electron lifetime in a singular fashion it gives rise to the correction to the lifetime with a very sharp energy dependence the correction persists within the interval omega sim omega_0 e_texttiny fcal n_h23 much smaller than the fermi energy e_texttiny f it emerges in the third order in the interaction strength the underlying physics is that a small phase volume sim omegae_texttiny f12 for scattering processes involving em two electronhole pairs is suppressed by curving even more surprising effect that we find is that em disorderaveraged interaction correction to the density of states deltanuomega exhibits em oscillatory behavior periodic in biglomegaomega_0bigr32 in our calculations of interaction corrections random field is incorporated via the phases of the green functions in the coordinate space we discuss the relevance of the new lowenergy scale for realizations of a smooth random field in composite fermions and in disordered phase of spinfermion model of ferromagnetic quantum criticality | [['we', 'consider', 'a', 'clean', 'twodimensional', 'interacting', 'electron', 'gas', 'subject', 'to', 'a', 'random', 'perpendicular', 'magnetic', 'field', 'hbf', 'r', 'the', 'field', 'is', 'nonquantizing', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'that', 'cal', 'n_ha', 'typical', 'flux', 'into', 'the', 'area', 'lambda_texttiny', 'f2', 'in', 'the', 'units', 'of', 'the', 'flux', 'quantum', 'lambda_texttiny', 'f', 'is', 'the', 'de', 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712.0826 | Possible optical detection of a fast, nearby radio pulsar PSR B1133+16 | Aims: We performed deep optical observations of the field of an old,
fast-moving radio pulsar PSR B1133+16 in an attempt to detect its optical
counterpart and a bow shock nebula.
Methods: The observations were carried out using the direct imaging mode of
FORS1 at the ESO VLT/UT1 telescope in the B, R, and H_alpha bands. We also
used archival images of the same field obtained with the VLT in the B band and
with the Chandra/ACIS in X-rays.
Results: In the B band we detected a faint (B=28.1+/-0.3) source that may be
the optical counterpart of PSR B1133+16, as it is positionally consistent with
the radio pulsar and with the X-ray counterpart candidate published earlier.
Its upper limit in the R band implies a color index B-R <0.5, which is
compatible with the index values for most pulsars identified in the optical
range. The derived optical luminosity and its ratio to the X-ray luminosity of
the candidate are consistent with expected values derived from a sample of
pulsars detected in both spectral domains. No Balmer bow shock was detected,
implying a low density of ambient matter around the pulsar. However, in the
X-ray and H_alpha images we found the signature of a trail extending ~4"-5"
behind the pulsar and coinciding with the direction of its proper motion. If
confirmed by deeper studies, this is the first time such a trail has been seen
in the optical and X-ray wavelengths.
Conclusions: Further observations at later epochs are necessary to confirm
the identification of the pulsar by the candidate's proper motion measurements.
| astro-ph | aims we performed deep optical observations of the field of an old fastmoving radio pulsar psr b113316 in an attempt to detect its optical counterpart and a bow shock nebula methods the observations were carried out using the direct imaging mode of fors1 at the eso vltut1 telescope in the b r and h_alpha bands we also used archival images of the same field obtained with the vlt in the b band and with the chandraacis in xrays results in the b band we detected a faint b28103 source that may be the optical counterpart of psr b113316 as it is positionally consistent with the radio pulsar and with the xray counterpart candidate published earlier its upper limit in the r band implies a color index br 05 which is compatible with the index values for most pulsars identified in the optical range the derived optical luminosity and its ratio to the xray luminosity of the candidate are consistent with expected values derived from a sample of pulsars detected in both spectral domains no balmer bow shock was detected implying a low density of ambient matter around the pulsar however in the xray and h_alpha images we found the signature of a trail extending 45 behind the pulsar and coinciding with the direction of its proper motion if confirmed by deeper studies this is the first time such a trail has been seen in the optical and xray wavelengths conclusions further observations at later epochs are necessary to confirm the identification of the pulsar by the candidates proper motion measurements | [['aims', 'we', 'performed', 'deep', 'optical', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'an', 'old', 'fastmoving', 'radio', 'pulsar', 'psr', 'b113316', 'in', 'an', 'attempt', 'to', 'detect', 'its', 'optical', 'counterpart', 'and', 'a', 'bow', 'shock', 'nebula', 'methods', 'the', 'observations', 'were', 'carried', 'out', 'using', 'the', 'direct', 'imaging', 'mode', 'of', 'fors1', 'at', 'the', 'eso', 'vltut1', 'telescope', 'in', 'the', 'b', 'r', 'and', 'h_alpha', 'bands', 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712.0827 | Volume growth and the topology of manifolds with nonnegative Ricci
curvature | Let $M^n$ be a complete, open Riemannian manifold with $\Ric \geq 0$. In
1994, Grigori Perelman showed that there exists a constant $\delta_{n}>0$,
depending only on the dimension of the manifold, such that if the volume growth
satisfies $\alpha_M := \lim_{r \to \infty} \frac{\Vol(B_p(r))}{\omega_n r^n}
\geq 1-\delta_{n}$, then $M^n$ is contractible. Here we employ the techniques
of Perelman to find specific lower bounds for the volume growth, $\alpha(k,n)$,
depending only on $k$ and $n$, which guarantee the individual $k$-homotopy
group of $M^n$ is trivial.
| math.DG | let mn be a complete open riemannian manifold with ric geq 0 in 1994 grigori perelman showed that there exists a constant delta_n0 depending only on the dimension of the manifold such that if the volume growth satisfies alpha_m lim_r to infty fracvolb_promega_n rn geq 1delta_n then mn is contractible here we employ the techniques of perelman to find specific lower bounds for the volume growth alphakn depending only on k and n which guarantee the individual khomotopy group of mn is trivial | [['let', 'mn', 'be', 'a', 'complete', 'open', 'riemannian', 'manifold', 'with', 'ric', 'geq', '0', 'in', '1994', 'grigori', 'perelman', 'showed', 'that', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'constant', 'delta_n0', 'depending', 'only', 'on', 'the', 'dimension', 'of', 'the', 'manifold', 'such', 'that', 'if', 'the', 'volume', 'growth', 'satisfies', 'alpha_m', 'lim_r', 'to', 'infty', 'fracvolb_promega_n', 'rn', 'geq', '1delta_n', 'then', 'mn', 'is', 'contractible', 'here', 'we', 'employ', 'the', 'techniques', 'of', 'perelman', 'to', 'find', 'specific', 'lower', 'bounds', 'for', 'the', 'volume', 'growth', 'alphakn', 'depending', 'only', 'on', 'k', 'and', 'n', 'which', 'guarantee', 'the', 'individual', 'khomotopy', 'group', 'of', 'mn', 'is', 'trivial']] | [-0.1785975657517045, 0.13330272402012402, -0.03274065598550185, 0.0032876822841921595, -0.07031479554546134, -0.22469186331940497, 0.0454636469721885, 0.32873399321432795, -0.2418150342716949, -0.23326119200167497, 0.11816110186954597, -0.3053076250433195, -0.09828967340120183, 0.15352523230050305, -0.09184686395498674, -0.06781726356641185, 0.007355628271087459, 0.13047145804526603, -0.08424038043041236, -0.3075207196937011, 0.350545958184251, -0.0683968306189721, 0.19977612992771332, 0.1073095909683261, 0.10993061703061913, -0.03973224592713139, 0.08792464962660722, 0.03156781107650093, -0.2857511538578121, 0.05481981216623198, 0.20935938300042436, 0.12860820709625487, 0.24133927335326627, -0.35194044024115656, -0.17877744096217724, 0.18959461279758594, 0.15269409744182555, -0.022096960290005747, -0.019788448088348093, -0.22468215799549732, 0.18242199619857186, -0.04044048499497699, -0.12494829146009756, -0.05047446731250824, 0.1179894524649149, -0.02382445332974695, -0.30236944753858375, 0.05492353315533298, 0.13314842872560115, 0.05086611959765234, -0.06059019683814812, -0.1546232142235811, -0.0922498357050666, 0.09183096098458031, -0.0023548889780280794, 0.12923441613206593, 0.08569299004029302, 0.003431722773157384, -0.05499497133806893, 0.29096149159708945, -0.10470671235674583, -0.22253425719171036, 0.1053372589990542, -0.20451908567693175, -0.1815016549818854, 0.11659528698386033, 0.12124202942912944, 0.16334103741157777, -0.005433587152965185, 0.24681503134822222, -0.08142469200396502, 0.21051865562132174, 0.11536624848206596, -0.03375835866644615, 0.04633416582989257, 0.10362638748341763, 0.1716224147438458, 0.05173544130265349, -0.002339395393458445, 0.02789088978045961, -0.30720377856547515, -0.20489770847531716, -0.21704810714951103, 0.22725798370793643, -0.16030933944172673, -0.15241976836327145, 0.24456799526630743, 0.009100177041545976, 0.20051537602912725, 0.08871169153334028, 0.19391644443811212, 0.05618566615370715, -0.016588651560951115, 0.183983663960201, 0.15061653369225608, 0.16136721097409906, 0.0285043932423677, -0.18593835758993674, 0.015014613030205777, 0.13178564295763287] |
712.0828 | Models for the Formation of Massive Stars | The formation of massive stars is currently an unsolved problems in
astrophysics. Understanding the formation of massive stars is essential because
they dominate the luminous, kinematic, and chemical output of stars.
Furthermore, their feedback is likely to play a dominant role in the evolution
of molecular clouds and any subsequent star formation therein. Although
significant progress has been made observationally and theoretically, we still
do not have a consensus as to how massive stars form. There are two contending
models to explain the formation of massive stars, Core Accretion and
Competitive Accretion. They differ primarily in how and when the mass that
ultimately makes up the massive star is gathered. In the core accretion model,
the mass is gathered in a prestellar stage due to the overlying pressure of a
stellar cluster or a massive pre-cluster cloud clump. In contrast, competitive
accretion envisions that the mass is gathered during the star formation process
itself, being funneled to the centre of a stellar cluster by the gravitational
potential of the stellar cluster. Although these differences may not appear
overly significant, they involve significant differences in terms of the
physical processes involved. Furthermore, the differences also have important
implications in terms of the evolutionary phases of massive star formation, and
ultimately that of stellar clusters and star formation on larger scales. Here
we review the dominant models, and discuss prospects for developing a better
understanding of massive star formation in the future.
| astro-ph | the formation of massive stars is currently an unsolved problems in astrophysics understanding the formation of massive stars is essential because they dominate the luminous kinematic and chemical output of stars furthermore their feedback is likely to play a dominant role in the evolution of molecular clouds and any subsequent star formation therein although significant progress has been made observationally and theoretically we still do not have a consensus as to how massive stars form there are two contending models to explain the formation of massive stars core accretion and competitive accretion they differ primarily in how and when the mass that ultimately makes up the massive star is gathered in the core accretion model the mass is gathered in a prestellar stage due to the overlying pressure of a stellar cluster or a massive precluster cloud clump in contrast competitive accretion envisions that the mass is gathered during the star formation process itself being funneled to the centre of a stellar cluster by the gravitational potential of the stellar cluster although these differences may not appear overly significant they involve significant differences in terms of the physical processes involved furthermore the differences also have important implications in terms of the evolutionary phases of massive star formation and ultimately that of stellar clusters and star formation on larger scales here we review the dominant models and discuss prospects for developing a better understanding of massive star formation in the future | [['the', 'formation', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'is', 'currently', 'an', 'unsolved', 'problems', 'in', 'astrophysics', 'understanding', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'is', 'essential', 'because', 'they', 'dominate', 'the', 'luminous', 'kinematic', 'and', 'chemical', 'output', 'of', 'stars', 'furthermore', 'their', 'feedback', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'play', 'a', 'dominant', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'evolution', 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-0.04021852693889135] |
712.0829 | Classical Spin Models with Broken Continuous Symmetry: Random Field
Induced Order and Persistence of Spontaneous Magnetization | We consider a classical spin model, of two-dimensional spins, with continuous
symmetry, and investigate the effect of a symmetry breaking unidirectional
quenched disorder on the magnetization of the system. We work in the mean field
regime. We show, by numerical simulations and by perturbative calculations in
the low as well as in the high temperature limits, that although the continuous
symmetry of the magnetization is lost, the system still magnetizes, albeit with
a lower value as compared to the case without disorder. The critical
temperature at which the system starts magnetizing, also decreases with the
introduction of disorder. However, with the introduction of an additional
constant magnetic field, the component of magnetization in the direction that
is transverse to the disorder field increases with the introduction of the
quenched disorder. We discuss the same effects also for three-dimensional
spins.
| cond-mat.other cond-mat.dis-nn | we consider a classical spin model of twodimensional spins with continuous symmetry and investigate the effect of a symmetry breaking unidirectional quenched disorder on the magnetization of the system we work in the mean field regime we show by numerical simulations and by perturbative calculations in the low as well as in the high temperature limits that although the continuous symmetry of the magnetization is lost the system still magnetizes albeit with a lower value as compared to the case without disorder the critical temperature at which the system starts magnetizing also decreases with the introduction of disorder however with the introduction of an additional constant magnetic field the component of magnetization in the direction that is transverse to the disorder field increases with the introduction of the quenched disorder we discuss the same effects also for threedimensional spins | [['we', 'consider', 'a', 'classical', 'spin', 'model', 'of', 'twodimensional', 'spins', 'with', 'continuous', 'symmetry', 'and', 'investigate', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'a', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'unidirectional', 'quenched', 'disorder', 'on', 'the', 'magnetization', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'we', 'work', 'in', 'the', 'mean', 'field', 'regime', 'we', 'show', 'by', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'and', 'by', 'perturbative', 'calculations', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'in', 'the', 'high', 'temperature', 'limits', 'that', 'although', 'the', 'continuous', 'symmetry', 'of', 'the', 'magnetization', 'is', 'lost', 'the', 'system', 'still', 'magnetizes', 'albeit', 'with', 'a', 'lower', 'value', 'as', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'without', 'disorder', 'the', 'critical', 'temperature', 'at', 'which', 'the', 'system', 'starts', 'magnetizing', 'also', 'decreases', 'with', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'disorder', 'however', 'with', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'an', 'additional', 'constant', 'magnetic', 'field', 'the', 'component', 'of', 'magnetization', 'in', 'the', 'direction', 'that', 'is', 'transverse', 'to', 'the', 'disorder', 'field', 'increases', 'with', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'the', 'quenched', 'disorder', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'same', 'effects', 'also', 'for', 'threedimensional', 'spins']] | [-0.15923626152061515, 0.21151413283699858, -0.027127001049305252, 0.020633774111047387, -0.005080464136914062, -0.0952588000984715, 0.045014440437122216, 0.3640182011043854, -0.24382504099551186, -0.2869115718673888, 0.10357273282674175, -0.28127491842660546, -0.10473556063982169, 0.14368611654239916, 0.015463163734500785, 0.0024946902429671598, -0.028128831900267614, 0.05048324512284276, -0.11683509332335575, -0.21595456462232865, 0.3214276860191289, 0.06422714530590841, 0.29790551459296144, 0.08794323039633095, 0.07111481926236436, 0.04686739095721206, 0.06374092388683729, 0.05853334038096259, -0.11272856646450655, 0.014107833497926405, 0.13354252513310463, -0.05839835547527178, 0.23563496427436312, -0.4320195830500812, -0.22668770911748246, 0.04696812898778229, 0.14504693067974325, 0.19476867669761155, -0.0760249818755622, -0.265586740905151, 0.06005114504377351, -0.14796834088118224, -0.18682121975253596, -0.05755394723319964, -0.0104877189691212, 0.01592174731446229, -0.2617790640311704, 0.12687756674885148, 0.09452712781502859, 0.12030212129687132, -0.0825091166329225, -0.06392216232936937, -0.08148883769402562, 0.08657312205332673, 0.1315009316476397, 0.08225355353608406, 0.14222389475606623, -0.18614654257062743, -0.10341849751944701, 0.3735891222926996, -0.09131884935777634, -0.151346860971074, 0.17329222417148432, -0.19106079437669446, -0.11530506621527807, 0.12303001453543899, 0.14974227673608623, 0.09033817190864532, -0.09751957867013143, 0.09036434351122376, 0.009274245708805622, 0.17376833375905165, -0.02485886713985702, 0.040595803242310775, 0.20523692439678762, 0.18059485210876294, 0.07329829746066667, 0.17790206757511462, -0.09102031222893019, -0.1044961279626641, -0.2880182364526734, -0.1490800850028038, -0.220276244882521, 0.06974404389976704, -0.09768239275042283, -0.15862818363812758, 0.3915513579016752, 0.1990852447761819, 0.20407872649727107, 0.033964689567236216, 0.27519997310147976, 0.15679562795093188, 0.06469187073672539, 0.047381984940964544, 0.2547741431639054, 0.1725787931832103, 0.1177162942074561, -0.29010365448436504, 0.03465909300800815, -0.004939216473843339] |
712.083 | Design, construction and tests of a 3 GHz proton linac booster (LIBO)
for cancer therapy | In the last ten years the use of proton beams in radiation therapy has become
a clinical tool for treatment of deep-seated tumours. LIBO is a RF compact and
low cost proton linear accelerator (SCL type) for hadrontherapy. It is
conceived by TERA Foundation as a 3 GHz Linac Booster, to be mounted downstream
of an existing cyclotron in order to boost the energy of the proton beam up to
200 MeV, needed for deep treatment (~25 cm) in the human body. With this
solution it is possible to transform a low energy commercial cyclotron,
normally used for eye melanoma therapy, isotope production and nuclear physics
research, into an accelerator for deep-seated tumours. A prototype module of
LIBO has been built and successfully tested with full RF power at CERN and with
proton beam at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, within an
international collaboration between TERA Foundation, CERN, the Universities and
INFN groups of Milan and Naples. The mid-term aim of the project is the
technology transfer of the accumulated know-how to a consortium of companies
and to bring this novel medical tool to hospitals. The design, construction and
tests of the LIBO prototype are described in detail.
| physics.acc-ph physics.med-ph | in the last ten years the use of proton beams in radiation therapy has become a clinical tool for treatment of deepseated tumours libo is a rf compact and low cost proton linear accelerator scl type for hadrontherapy it is conceived by tera foundation as a 3 ghz linac booster to be mounted downstream of an existing cyclotron in order to boost the energy of the proton beam up to 200 mev needed for deep treatment 25 cm in the human body with this solution it is possible to transform a low energy commercial cyclotron normally used for eye melanoma therapy isotope production and nuclear physics research into an accelerator for deepseated tumours a prototype module of libo has been built and successfully tested with full rf power at cern and with proton beam at infn laboratori nazionali del sud lns in catania within an international collaboration between tera foundation cern the universities and infn groups of milan and naples the midterm aim of the project is the technology transfer of the accumulated knowhow to a consortium of companies and to bring this novel medical tool to hospitals the design construction and tests of the libo prototype are described in detail | [['in', 'the', 'last', 'ten', 'years', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'proton', 'beams', 'in', 'radiation', 'therapy', 'has', 'become', 'a', 'clinical', 'tool', 'for', 'treatment', 'of', 'deepseated', 'tumours', 'libo', 'is', 'a', 'rf', 'compact', 'and', 'low', 'cost', 'proton', 'linear', 'accelerator', 'scl', 'type', 'for', 'hadrontherapy', 'it', 'is', 'conceived', 'by', 'tera', 'foundation', 'as', 'a', '3', 'ghz', 'linac', 'booster', 'to', 'be', 'mounted', 'downstream', 'of', 'an', 'existing', 'cyclotron', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'boost', 'the', 'energy', 'of', 'the', 'proton', 'beam', 'up', 'to', '200', 'mev', 'needed', 'for', 'deep', 'treatment', '25', 'cm', 'in', 'the', 'human', 'body', 'with', 'this', 'solution', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'transform', 'a', 'low', 'energy', 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'detail']] | [-0.02383667599080844, 0.13820095348775108, -0.07346337652343571, 0.04706877761228538, -0.06141389472672452, -0.17305889785804077, -0.014231543084467524, 0.3546211255658696, -0.1609176740291255, -0.3196689813810201, 0.1042301102057192, -0.31032824702097556, 0.0030543297104681125, 0.26771299054021414, -0.04327873639711434, 0.0749566825738047, 0.07067434039008595, 0.018458306312153294, 0.004664636612638127, -0.21657022687407276, 0.22512440764593117, 0.21734934675942214, 0.3485877328455003, 0.09690426560802227, 0.14789207657771325, -0.011893044793468654, -0.007112955429825227, -0.09241390264412361, -0.05251647181118565, 0.11338277904673558, 0.3965912325659869, 0.17468532083430954, 0.2962288660662184, -0.44723778250580887, -0.1363622066389656, 0.06806005393178087, 0.05886208005040995, 0.02423648675208661, -0.07487833456354058, -0.2733859664375954, 0.07424731417478002, -0.25103653420633937, -0.1724936772851431, 0.014308424914992457, -0.0011294415841499965, 0.007723178964719844, 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0.14270704559213251, 0.02886455009728485, 0.24352195730377266, 0.10899616716619562, 0.184587655802123, -0.209464693275183, 0.001271634383488502, 0.026224631174416535] |
712.0831 | Tunneling conductance in $s$- and d-wave superconductor-graphene
junctions: Extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism | We investigate the conductance spectra of a normal/superconductor graphene
junction using the extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism, considering
pairing potentials that are both conventional (isotropic s-wave) and
unconventional (anisotropic d-wave). In particular, we study the full crossover
from normal to specular Andreev reflection without restricting ourselves to
special limits and approximations, thus expanding results obtained in previous
work. In addition, we investigate in detail how the conductance spectra are
affected if it is possible to induce an unconventional pairing symmetry in
graphene, for instance a d-wave order parameter. We also discuss the recently
reported conductance-oscillations that take place in normal/superconductor
graphene junctions, providing both analytical and numerical results.
| cond-mat.supr-con | we investigate the conductance spectra of a normalsuperconductor graphene junction using the extended blondertinkhamklapwijk formalism considering pairing potentials that are both conventional isotropic swave and unconventional anisotropic dwave in particular we study the full crossover from normal to specular andreev reflection without restricting ourselves to special limits and approximations thus expanding results obtained in previous work in addition we investigate in detail how the conductance spectra are affected if it is possible to induce an unconventional pairing symmetry in graphene for instance a dwave order parameter we also discuss the recently reported conductanceoscillations that take place in normalsuperconductor graphene junctions providing both analytical and numerical results | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'conductance', 'spectra', 'of', 'a', 'normalsuperconductor', 'graphene', 'junction', 'using', 'the', 'extended', 'blondertinkhamklapwijk', 'formalism', 'considering', 'pairing', 'potentials', 'that', 'are', 'both', 'conventional', 'isotropic', 'swave', 'and', 'unconventional', 'anisotropic', 'dwave', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'full', 'crossover', 'from', 'normal', 'to', 'specular', 'andreev', 'reflection', 'without', 'restricting', 'ourselves', 'to', 'special', 'limits', 'and', 'approximations', 'thus', 'expanding', 'results', 'obtained', 'in', 'previous', 'work', 'in', 'addition', 'we', 'investigate', 'in', 'detail', 'how', 'the', 'conductance', 'spectra', 'are', 'affected', 'if', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'induce', 'an', 'unconventional', 'pairing', 'symmetry', 'in', 'graphene', 'for', 'instance', 'a', 'dwave', 'order', 'parameter', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'the', 'recently', 'reported', 'conductanceoscillations', 'that', 'take', 'place', 'in', 'normalsuperconductor', 'graphene', 'junctions', 'providing', 'both', 'analytical', 'and', 'numerical', 'results']] | [-0.1782504644355781, 0.1130398637095433, -0.07388542844426065, 0.09166695961750866, -0.08871052433692274, -0.1839637068322017, 0.08374030889854545, 0.4099382532317014, -0.20984342877442638, -0.24624648541212082, -0.0327954792617155, -0.29749097490151016, -0.15916288715698534, 0.19318102532997727, 0.026502517114082972, 0.022849735928078492, -0.016313843340391203, -0.05166701611486219, -0.12895971096752742, -0.21879079727056835, 0.3442711633319656, -0.0104318803442376, 0.31044653325918176, 0.10571118774602101, -0.05487949683641394, 0.01256414217253526, 0.05864560753107071, 0.04365338340756439, -0.19728449872442677, 0.04051183375219504, 0.27734426643388965, -0.11349382512271404, 0.11925871585983605, -0.510264364221976, -0.22696588401172665, 0.06285046629130929, 0.1655777590609865, 0.1771129786099274, -0.03581642091629051, -0.30701802520170096, 0.07217837370754708, -0.1983751226992657, -0.13347612648004933, -0.10787008956872991, -0.026435104101186706, -0.0408265381097971, -0.22845779707477915, 0.08381165437638716, 0.07861539242633929, 0.026748139987744037, -0.08340276159523498, -0.09345652856586856, -0.03790747744164297, 0.04527864944012392, 0.03718379704015595, -0.023034909391953122, 0.09937610448576466, -0.12448910934894922, -0.10274896377564541, 0.34662572933094843, -0.05020026958081871, -0.14588722935434253, 0.14720159327345236, -0.16532404546936352, -0.08331497924047566, 0.10092140247801408, 0.09809171777395975, 0.06619346859377055, -0.15447691738109348, 0.13761401888969843, -0.05420077760216026, 0.09900207827311186, 0.09532288009788664, 0.05440002407523848, 0.17756220661103725, 0.16978822956970405, 0.003348072950861284, 0.15868670973217203, -0.12247711232907715, -0.08333717313473157, -0.2793786157277368, -0.12962466326983607, -0.17109543436339925, 0.048315304768177504, -0.028331043854649622, -0.14972806363588287, 0.39396475106477735, 0.20073388522889998, 0.20516589504356186, -0.030778296655487446, 0.28119821179924265, 0.17280085888646898, 0.0268510317740341, 0.020805837547716994, 0.2428098141570531, 0.1590140962219309, 0.07330851358849377, -0.2764041150543129, 0.018483053400580374, -0.023101530951403437] |
712.0832 | First variation of the Log Entropy functional along the Ricci flow | In this note, we establish the first variation formula of the adjusted log
entropy functional $\mathcal Y_a$ introduced by Ye in \cite{Y2}. As a direct
consequence, we also obtain the monotonicity of $\mathcal Y_a$ along the Ricci
flow.
| math.DG math.AP | in this note we establish the first variation formula of the adjusted log entropy functional mathcal y_a introduced by ye in citey2 as a direct consequence we also obtain the monotonicity of mathcal y_a along the ricci flow | [['in', 'this', 'note', 'we', 'establish', 'the', 'first', 'variation', 'formula', 'of', 'the', 'adjusted', 'log', 'entropy', 'functional', 'mathcal', 'y_a', 'introduced', 'by', 'ye', 'in', 'citey2', 'as', 'a', 'direct', 'consequence', 'we', 'also', 'obtain', 'the', 'monotonicity', 'of', 'mathcal', 'y_a', 'along', 'the', 'ricci', 'flow']] | [-0.15238761005772128, 0.07255532884517231, -0.09823871927486884, 0.0758441476044371, -0.04017817319647686, -0.09140110628780078, 0.05524471027122156, 0.29363736792190653, -0.3079960926410717, -0.23698153880399628, 0.0694048835052731, -0.24406850932014956, -0.1373312554599063, 0.14124956304157102, -0.1530108256265521, 0.04689168758891724, -0.014996562549542333, 0.09045277686940657, -0.11055709179994222, -0.2337269843555987, 0.3239627088847998, 0.008614471081543612, 0.212930026671824, 0.12987967956861532, 0.11965350320915112, 0.022723052373810393, -0.03224729356431478, 0.021147166630504904, -0.30172917395326737, 0.12794434489380266, 0.19664048998792832, 0.10946550157323882, 0.22789187165530952, -0.38221245515789537, -0.17626858975838972, 0.1513904134264669, 0.13490208595789768, 0.005968333901585759, -0.04282669926918036, -0.2260128795232221, 0.08080091566552182, -0.2117804839602999, -0.13670629180332244, -0.08474234962282148, 0.04407212445260705, 0.02748403398672471, -0.26469438170661796, 0.1095832206389074, 0.09656778702864775, 0.06404415278922061, -0.056262250914162884, -0.07009160649534818, -0.10240426946532082, 0.03229103268854119, 0.09593271655408112, 0.07040097025802007, 0.052322908808049316, -0.0062284048684444785, -0.031557327287422644, 0.28995341024789456, -0.20455330340946848, -0.18217203129284285, 0.053490971995366586, -0.11150586455305284, -0.19129860426324444, 0.011418963392340654, 0.11475199009165973, 0.2396007492332845, -0.08620547535325829, 0.15664723139205897, -0.09095051882134096, 0.06828363305209456, 0.10793286904289916, 0.01968946710631654, 0.03179976935624271, 0.06431032926146243, 0.14590906379492702, 0.19445132359711303, -0.00863085815531982, -0.03796025641841461, -0.41635144657983975, -0.2751008366813531, -0.1504616598170754, 0.12566148227936513, -0.1356035207887495, -0.12951061054057367, 0.3392575568695729, 0.06711908872868563, 0.27369014113336, 0.130008514970541, 0.22717070159804378, 0.15687224726708657, 0.010035048364787488, 0.10502266410637547, 0.18303661793470383, 0.2330818884137615, 0.11050575354916824, -0.21486269039529804, 0.04653658803451706, 0.2265282950389224] |
712.0833 | Projective equivalence of ideals in Noetherian integral domains | Let I be a nonzero proper ideal in a Noetherian integral domain R. In this
paper we establish the existence of a finite separable integral extension
domain A of R and a positive integer m such that all the Rees integers of IA
are equal to m. Moreover, if R has altitude one, then all the Rees integers of
J = Rad(IA) are equal to one and the ideals J^m and IA have the same integral
closure. Thus Rad(IA) = J is a projectively full radical ideal that is
projectively equivalent to IA. In particular, if R is Dedekind, then there
exists a Dedekind domain A having the following properties: (i) A is a finite
separable integral extension of R; and (ii) there exists a radical ideal J of A
and a positive integer m such that IA = J^m.
| math.AC | let i be a nonzero proper ideal in a noetherian integral domain r in this paper we establish the existence of a finite separable integral extension domain a of r and a positive integer m such that all the rees integers of ia are equal to m moreover if r has altitude one then all the rees integers of j radia are equal to one and the ideals jm and ia have the same integral closure thus radia j is a projectively full radical ideal that is projectively equivalent to ia in particular if r is dedekind then there exists a dedekind domain a having the following properties i a is a finite separable integral extension of r and ii there exists a radical ideal j of a and a positive integer m such that ia jm | [['let', 'i', 'be', 'a', 'nonzero', 'proper', 'ideal', 'in', 'a', 'noetherian', 'integral', 'domain', 'r', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'establish', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'separable', 'integral', 'extension', 'domain', 'a', 'of', 'r', 'and', 'a', 'positive', 'integer', 'm', 'such', 'that', 'all', 'the', 'rees', 'integers', 'of', 'ia', 'are', 'equal', 'to', 'm', 'moreover', 'if', 'r', 'has', 'altitude', 'one', 'then', 'all', 'the', 'rees', 'integers', 'of', 'j', 'radia', 'are', 'equal', 'to', 'one', 'and', 'the', 'ideals', 'jm', 'and', 'ia', 'have', 'the', 'same', 'integral', 'closure', 'thus', 'radia', 'j', 'is', 'a', 'projectively', 'full', 'radical', 'ideal', 'that', 'is', 'projectively', 'equivalent', 'to', 'ia', 'in', 'particular', 'if', 'r', 'is', 'dedekind', 'then', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'dedekind', 'domain', 'a', 'having', 'the', 'following', 'properties', 'i', 'a', 'is', 'a', 'finite', 'separable', 'integral', 'extension', 'of', 'r', 'and', 'ii', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'radical', 'ideal', 'j', 'of', 'a', 'and', 'a', 'positive', 'integer', 'm', 'such', 'that', 'ia', 'jm']] | [-0.20519192745895498, 0.0651745978967171, -0.08610156767858859, 0.018178408526149274, -0.13698199790406185, -0.21930293041029877, -0.027058943921706918, 0.33481250315850236, -0.3081646297045433, -0.11885917055196245, 0.10480015552653693, -0.28848460152147026, -0.05934016380703797, 0.13776919818959152, -0.07048480761624927, -0.06497913562305217, 0.047889294904949024, 0.07199397496199303, -0.09348417561752789, -0.30700121296528915, 0.3526003609010338, -0.04359549258149018, 0.14706465985135678, 0.0163268415175759, 0.13630383908170798, -0.020114002558980545, -0.022912967639098312, 0.09367970689063905, -0.21431966671752226, 0.08539242795022735, 0.3157985549229775, 0.12836172767527346, 0.3104548169041637, -0.30827214933904634, -0.13596170921096185, 0.23921506047031305, 0.13410979107593315, -0.034816428298388956, 0.00041218353928250336, -0.17514500254425255, 0.19320855504513657, -0.21164899330117135, -0.1175550070054231, -0.0004759371301064091, 0.21284590535083392, 0.0479035200075294, -0.3475650607261562, 0.004699680784268536, 0.12668467236913905, 0.14170428027609622, -0.0277795018798189, -0.12630974109128226, -0.028168557160771893, 0.017455490642519545, -0.05754992263867472, 0.07735480198357934, -0.0012094608548838292, -0.04119174688014399, -0.07317719501179785, 0.37837988600461153, -0.08790228604916892, -0.2289010819972214, 0.15316680120644124, -0.17944676995644496, -0.05823426613121899, 0.104614536361225, -0.004944674570426127, 0.11818101332203423, -0.06218549794768983, 0.23030587841618982, -0.16519941423550574, 0.0874651735308614, 0.08632405512170853, 0.010275239624545305, 0.18756918146200205, 0.04417481683840445, 0.09219838370038808, 0.08987565080883375, -0.02333243609997478, 0.05085422564935225, -0.3694232104713247, -0.23926855457511587, -0.24619157206314704, 0.20131390152947745, -0.08204645722419156, -0.16123782815139767, 0.36465882129260224, 0.05151811368885811, 0.14927146639538943, 0.05918092044736564, 0.22826475332436716, 0.044830475206466484, 0.03819967371268864, 0.1282429078145184, 0.10998560649336037, 0.17730399815324885, 0.021877937712264758, -0.1890969613471823, -0.0035065540051373253, 0.12215209025617717] |
712.0834 | The 2003 Nov 14 occultation by Titan of TYC 1343-1865-1. II. Analysis of
light curves | We observed a stellar occultation by Titan on 2003 November 14 from La Palma
Observatory using ULTRACAM with three Sloan filters: u', g', and i' (358, 487,
and 758 nm, respectively). The occultation probed latitudes 2 degrees S and 1
degrees N during immersion and emersion, respectively. A prominent central
flash was present in only the i' filter, indicating wavelength-dependent
atmospheric extinction. We inverted the light curves to obtain six lower-limit
temperature profiles between 335 and 485 km (0.04 and 0.003 mb) altitude. The
i' profiles agreed with the temperature measured by the Huygens Atmospheric
Structure Instrument [Fulchignoni, M. et al., 2005. Nature 438, 785-791] above
415 km (0.01 mb). The profiles obtained from different wavelength filters
systematically diverge as altitude decreases, which implies significant
extinction in the light curves. Applying an extinction model [Elliot, J.L.,
Young, L.A., 1992. Astron. J. 103, 991-1015] gave the altitudes of line of
sight optical depth equal to unity: 396 +/- 7 km and 401 +/- 20 km (u'
immersion and emersion); 354 +/- 7 km and 387 +/- 7 km (g' immersion and
emersion); and 336 +/- 5 km and 318 +/- 4 km (i' immersion and emersion).
Further analysis showed that the optical depth follows a power law in
wavelength with index 1.3 +/- 0.2. We present a new method for determining
temperature from scintillation spikes in the occulting body's atmosphere.
Temperatures derived with this method are equal to or warmer than those
measured by the Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument. Using the highly
structured, three-peaked central flash, we confirmed the shape of Titan's
middle atmosphere using a model originally derived for a previous Titan
occultation [Hubbard, W.B. et al., 1993. Astron. Astrophys. 269, 541-563].
| astro-ph | we observed a stellar occultation by titan on 2003 november 14 from la palma observatory using ultracam with three sloan filters u g and i 358 487 and 758 nm respectively the occultation probed latitudes 2 degrees s and 1 degrees n during immersion and emersion respectively a prominent central flash was present in only the i filter indicating wavelengthdependent atmospheric extinction we inverted the light curves to obtain six lowerlimit temperature profiles between 335 and 485 km 004 and 0003 mb altitude the i profiles agreed with the temperature measured by the huygens atmospheric structure instrument fulchignoni m et al 2005 nature 438 785791 above 415 km 001 mb the profiles obtained from different wavelength filters systematically diverge as altitude decreases which implies significant extinction in the light curves applying an extinction model elliot jl young la 1992 astron j 103 9911015 gave the altitudes of line of sight optical depth equal to unity 396 7 km and 401 20 km u immersion and emersion 354 7 km and 387 7 km g immersion and emersion and 336 5 km and 318 4 km i immersion and emersion further analysis showed that the optical depth follows a power law in wavelength with index 13 02 we present a new method for determining temperature from scintillation spikes in the occulting bodys atmosphere temperatures derived with this method are equal to or warmer than those measured by the huygens atmospheric structure instrument using the highly structured threepeaked central flash we confirmed the shape of titans middle atmosphere using a model originally derived for a previous titan occultation hubbard wb et al 1993 astron astrophys 269 541563 | [['we', 'observed', 'a', 'stellar', 'occultation', 'by', 'titan', 'on', '2003', 'november', '14', 'from', 'la', 'palma', 'observatory', 'using', 'ultracam', 'with', 'three', 'sloan', 'filters', 'u', 'g', 'and', 'i', '358', '487', 'and', '758', 'nm', 'respectively', 'the', 'occultation', 'probed', 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712.0835 | Universal dynamical conductance in graphite | We find experimentally that the optical sheet conductance of graphite per
graphene layer is very close to $(\pi/2)e^2/h$, which is the theoretically
expected value of dynamical conductance of isolated monolayer graphene. Our
calculations within the Slonczewski-McClure-Weiss model explain well why the
interplane hopping leaves the conductance of graphene sheets in graphite almost
unchanged for photon energies between 0.1 and 0.6 eV, even though it
significantly affects the band structure on the same energy scale. The f-sum
rule analysis shows that the large increase of the Drude spectral weight as a
function of temperature is at the expense of the removed low-energy optical
spectral weight of transitions between hole and electron bands.
| cond-mat.str-el | we find experimentally that the optical sheet conductance of graphite per graphene layer is very close to pi2e2h which is the theoretically expected value of dynamical conductance of isolated monolayer graphene our calculations within the slonczewskimcclureweiss model explain well why the interplane hopping leaves the conductance of graphene sheets in graphite almost unchanged for photon energies between 01 and 06 ev even though it significantly affects the band structure on the same energy scale the fsum rule analysis shows that the large increase of the drude spectral weight as a function of temperature is at the expense of the removed lowenergy optical spectral weight of transitions between hole and electron bands | [['we', 'find', 'experimentally', 'that', 'the', 'optical', 'sheet', 'conductance', 'of', 'graphite', 'per', 'graphene', 'layer', 'is', 'very', 'close', 'to', 'pi2e2h', 'which', 'is', 'the', 'theoretically', 'expected', 'value', 'of', 'dynamical', 'conductance', 'of', 'isolated', 'monolayer', 'graphene', 'our', 'calculations', 'within', 'the', 'slonczewskimcclureweiss', 'model', 'explain', 'well', 'why', 'the', 'interplane', 'hopping', 'leaves', 'the', 'conductance', 'of', 'graphene', 'sheets', 'in', 'graphite', 'almost', 'unchanged', 'for', 'photon', 'energies', 'between', '01', 'and', '06', 'ev', 'even', 'though', 'it', 'significantly', 'affects', 'the', 'band', 'structure', 'on', 'the', 'same', 'energy', 'scale', 'the', 'fsum', 'rule', 'analysis', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'large', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'drude', 'spectral', 'weight', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'temperature', 'is', 'at', 'the', 'expense', 'of', 'the', 'removed', 'lowenergy', 'optical', 'spectral', 'weight', 'of', 'transitions', 'between', 'hole', 'and', 'electron', 'bands']] | [-0.12816833889265672, 0.16666147743945584, -0.03480310533879274, 0.04252178460004987, 0.03468164432486263, -0.15649526200039363, 0.13645735683791135, 0.4190427099414375, -0.2828464961200611, -0.3234073057804906, -0.035943022118496856, -0.32274681852634896, -0.1307050759921175, 0.15891209715302315, 0.041889278318545005, 0.002782145324974842, 0.05261041187689802, -0.028358586170975496, -0.09071059992596713, -0.19962661939356988, 0.2709508036442716, 0.13464111501538972, 0.31092936301245055, 0.14923741495869028, 0.036272318570216726, 0.00736776516994957, 0.09132600244168841, 0.006231262011094651, -0.12590280065482265, 0.05047598737826007, 0.22537967813876245, -0.12502388441465248, 0.19575869883496075, -0.4054654160078717, -0.18078503236943566, 0.009222454797271469, 0.12999379060683994, 0.10715488099958748, 0.012604888526449374, -0.16689461696927155, 0.060202655151759814, -0.1165977489703053, -0.11902684922577865, -0.029198038992035436, 0.012234137169247783, -0.020924784832659665, -0.20145430226880767, 0.16490143176740668, 0.024056044496636446, 0.028477447907856362, -0.10905165801576655, -0.15571454894481176, -0.1281455408892842, 0.05029462716636171, 0.06089004052166374, 0.018813898116179287, 0.2058872828738542, -0.13607647577129783, -0.05611591004988674, 0.3940629300174363, -0.07468864111840691, -0.06005264793035634, 0.14522574641613648, -0.2150921644707031, -0.06353785639304087, 0.19287732329193946, 0.04617999741511736, 0.06877230911370401, -0.11060087624221715, 0.07685830355130581, -0.03673112524006892, 0.21299854357120232, 0.09920462481293041, 0.08878033080163898, 0.2554491414355302, 0.20095212289362874, 0.05453253740342248, 0.10233131907944389, -0.152349471330318, -0.012890877024860147, -0.23242497803011072, -0.1506175894157773, -0.25229257540008343, 0.10416943949557533, -0.10942103553412764, -0.21917412212596984, 0.44010259180304107, 0.14158569724478443, 0.23989166191206612, 0.024276718660684968, 0.26847982481805555, 0.1762126883921222, 0.11210416914861, 0.04286117702637107, 0.2986880905516104, 0.1299818194206428, 0.10228216903147484, -0.26448010644285913, 0.040407183142742054, -0.015293861602629544] |
712.0836 | Evolving localizations in reaction-diffusion cellular automata | We consider hexagonal cellular automata with immediate cell neighbourhood and
three cell-states. Every cell calculates its next state depending on the
integral representation of states in its neighbourhood, i.e. how many
neighbours are in each one state. We employ evolutionary algorithms to breed
local transition functions that support mobile localizations (gliders), and
characterize sets of the functions selected in terms of quasi-chemical systems.
Analysis of the set of functions evolved allows to speculate that mobile
localizations are likely to emerge in the quasi-chemical systems with limited
diffusion of one reagent, a small number of molecules is required for
amplification of travelling localizations, and reactions leading to stationary
localizations involve relatively equal amount of quasi-chemical species.
Techniques developed can be applied in cascading signals in nature-inspired
spatially extended computing devices, and phenomenological studies and
classification of non-linear discrete systems.
| cs.AI | we consider hexagonal cellular automata with immediate cell neighbourhood and three cellstates every cell calculates its next state depending on the integral representation of states in its neighbourhood ie how many neighbours are in each one state we employ evolutionary algorithms to breed local transition functions that support mobile localizations gliders and characterize sets of the functions selected in terms of quasichemical systems analysis of the set of functions evolved allows to speculate that mobile localizations are likely to emerge in the quasichemical systems with limited diffusion of one reagent a small number of molecules is required for amplification of travelling localizations and reactions leading to stationary localizations involve relatively equal amount of quasichemical species techniques developed can be applied in cascading signals in natureinspired spatially extended computing devices and phenomenological studies and classification of nonlinear discrete systems | [['we', 'consider', 'hexagonal', 'cellular', 'automata', 'with', 'immediate', 'cell', 'neighbourhood', 'and', 'three', 'cellstates', 'every', 'cell', 'calculates', 'its', 'next', 'state', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'integral', 'representation', 'of', 'states', 'in', 'its', 'neighbourhood', 'ie', 'how', 'many', 'neighbours', 'are', 'in', 'each', 'one', 'state', 'we', 'employ', 'evolutionary', 'algorithms', 'to', 'breed', 'local', 'transition', 'functions', 'that', 'support', 'mobile', 'localizations', 'gliders', 'and', 'characterize', 'sets', 'of', 'the', 'functions', 'selected', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'quasichemical', 'systems', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'functions', 'evolved', 'allows', 'to', 'speculate', 'that', 'mobile', 'localizations', 'are', 'likely', 'to', 'emerge', 'in', 'the', 'quasichemical', 'systems', 'with', 'limited', 'diffusion', 'of', 'one', 'reagent', 'a', 'small', 'number', 'of', 'molecules', 'is', 'required', 'for', 'amplification', 'of', 'travelling', 'localizations', 'and', 'reactions', 'leading', 'to', 'stationary', 'localizations', 'involve', 'relatively', 'equal', 'amount', 'of', 'quasichemical', 'species', 'techniques', 'developed', 'can', 'be', 'applied', 'in', 'cascading', 'signals', 'in', 'natureinspired', 'spatially', 'extended', 'computing', 'devices', 'and', 'phenomenological', 'studies', 'and', 'classification', 'of', 'nonlinear', 'discrete', 'systems']] | [-0.15525743508385154, 0.10926894601570429, -0.037731583440934656, 0.07022176795540527, -0.016657307069327165, -0.14217792304205526, 0.07469219588640615, 0.37824116202655933, -0.2768610816816018, -0.2538615654929657, 0.08168985033883666, -0.2690057583633567, -0.1529102260484802, 0.1651104189265166, -0.038516888482475746, 0.023456278337797926, 0.06320367567666066, 0.052090411614898566, -0.015725784046221932, -0.22469215584667332, 0.294444607545275, 0.008470200199334726, 0.255939256930112, -0.006939167250287685, 0.0822962462650544, -0.006167087041140691, -0.021388260065577924, 0.016706121398856605, -0.08807933322771326, 0.16084235686813922, 0.2796439671766584, 0.14276058838301658, 0.27226589194560136, -0.4987255232499991, -0.23171701458330354, 0.13922751997257618, 0.17034011872070604, 0.12088837250251405, -0.024663253054260717, -0.2631173809024974, 0.10299772825126068, -0.19138998313922517, -0.14567514415649802, -0.08298169868066907, 0.0371613287550472, 0.12383903556904435, -0.2427747980793462, 0.023280854115983213, -0.010412529734622714, 0.05190836989497562, -0.10561374464103303, -0.10275984629580792, -0.042897316153045664, 0.15820085566599656, -0.01059883426327639, -0.03843685361832027, 0.18887769914509211, -0.1304619237763576, -0.1612572752102448, 0.3932625039337869, -0.013522246417446728, -0.207779031799236, 0.27194899521652527, -0.13419316252897473, -0.1469682033928315, 0.17034198978854628, 0.1816615724938677, 0.1116655745750028, -0.15252751446572085, 0.05739750275787741, -0.002455321028420742, 0.1428780691276719, 0.06440395846908545, 0.07546003258372419, 0.1841309919450296, 0.18195969334728743, 0.07488826345813794, 0.12276529426173219, -0.06686045564830058, -0.114414703841899, -0.22515926943933864, -0.13540450687754735, -0.16161799429827473, 0.024443881926942534, -0.046511955069268404, -0.1989184863471093, 0.39522595168601204, 0.13036937816586874, 0.1547822158538947, 0.03166515836118292, 0.22595666010904866, 0.09165412041855327, 0.08169558162318312, 0.059914208366535604, 0.1622481718277015, 0.13680704401629248, 0.08585432132733238, -0.16849825538976976, 0.056053786438271185, 0.09208757830035948] |
712.0837 | The Divisor Matrix, Dirichlet Series and SL(2,Z) | A representation of SL(2,Z) by integer matrices acting on the space of
analytic ordinary Dirichlet series is constructed, in which the standard
unipotent element acts as multiplication by the Riemann zeta function. It is
then shown that the Dirichlet series in the orbit of the zeta function are
related to it by algebraic equations.
| math.NT math.GR | a representation of sl2z by integer matrices acting on the space of analytic ordinary dirichlet series is constructed in which the standard unipotent element acts as multiplication by the riemann zeta function it is then shown that the dirichlet series in the orbit of the zeta function are related to it by algebraic equations | [['a', 'representation', 'of', 'sl2z', 'by', 'integer', 'matrices', 'acting', 'on', 'the', 'space', 'of', 'analytic', 'ordinary', 'dirichlet', 'series', 'is', 'constructed', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'standard', 'unipotent', 'element', 'acts', 'as', 'multiplication', 'by', 'the', 'riemann', 'zeta', 'function', 'it', 'is', 'then', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'dirichlet', 'series', 'in', 'the', 'orbit', 'of', 'the', 'zeta', 'function', 'are', 'related', 'to', 'it', 'by', 'algebraic', 'equations']] | [-0.1721795208006235, 0.08747119589329318, -0.1421519555065229, 0.05378769417897005, -0.13409440829936, -0.07873127194707868, -0.034640866603391864, 0.29268806972713385, -0.3696235839139532, -0.20072897660752964, 0.1415516723818318, -0.24996015782596293, -0.2053040604762457, 0.22417532200752585, -0.03272236490415202, 0.09115067005580015, 0.023307794756773446, 0.12247809683214184, -0.11505312705843675, -0.28141808199385804, 0.4244896190034019, -0.03054721644838099, 0.18948248046001903, -0.029482222438134528, 0.10542197508254537, 0.010196248871377774, -0.033815041149931925, -0.08718151187888536, -0.048354352432700885, 0.1063631675378592, 0.28530537331890726, 0.03618592068690945, 0.2285040120801164, -0.4076063997043228, -0.20839834872081323, 0.09377278647971926, 0.11825282301719266, -0.08701894341976624, 0.009784571005083207, -0.2717946234193665, 0.09312508785579768, -0.15888377924070315, -0.12391861159940837, -0.06163784499383635, 0.07850352084885041, 0.04462068423163146, -0.3314076963191231, 0.04420231829431874, 0.03731736435589415, 0.05587125413930388, -0.09175230144454097, -0.15575514145462807, -0.029166331583703006, 0.06727813010931843, 0.07812225217154871, 0.07489710111446955, 0.09236147817810653, -0.07502790952653245, -0.04327906117153665, 0.35607281499714766, -0.10936547346689084, -0.3092642144334537, 0.11005126129559896, -0.18343941166272593, -0.10851641446869406, 0.09136128184144143, 0.07948833752285552, 0.1629869561918356, -0.05494286061299068, 0.2301072850478468, -0.1318449715876745, 0.08829404703444904, 0.11360226303373498, -0.10719961137510836, 0.1683678283114676, 0.041862362167901464, 0.05625059649874284, 0.15379937938242047, 0.036975473014603334, -0.07381546362820599, -0.3387363855209615, -0.21111873056981023, -0.2272222778863377, 0.11352729500719795, -0.1131811927728079, -0.2608126714600345, 0.39068163785635046, 0.04171906777278141, 0.1849252345316388, 0.06557183609456169, 0.23670452024304756, 0.23218987412811085, 0.10498261893237079, 0.017986146888385218, 0.05999441524208696, 0.20263468852283917, -0.02483116751709194, -0.20252832155394437, 0.02996438262656469, 0.2704194914894523] |
712.0838 | Probing Noise in Flux Qubits via Macroscopic Resonant Tunneling | Macroscopic resonant tunneling between the two lowest lying states of a
bistable RF-SQUID is used to characterize noise in a flux qubit. Measurements
of the incoherent decay rate as a function of flux bias revealed a Gaussian
shaped profile that is not peaked at the resonance point, but is shifted to a
bias at which the initial well is higher than the target well. The r.m.s.
amplitude of the noise, which is proportional to the decoherence rate 1/T_2^*,
was observed to be weakly dependent on temperature below 70 mK. Analysis of
these results indicates that the dominant source of low frequency (1/f) flux
noise in this device is a quantum mechanical environment in thermal
equilibrium.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con | macroscopic resonant tunneling between the two lowest lying states of a bistable rfsquid is used to characterize noise in a flux qubit measurements of the incoherent decay rate as a function of flux bias revealed a gaussian shaped profile that is not peaked at the resonance point but is shifted to a bias at which the initial well is higher than the target well the rms amplitude of the noise which is proportional to the decoherence rate 1t_2 was observed to be weakly dependent on temperature below 70 mk analysis of these results indicates that the dominant source of low frequency 1f flux noise in this device is a quantum mechanical environment in thermal equilibrium | [['macroscopic', 'resonant', 'tunneling', 'between', 'the', 'two', 'lowest', 'lying', 'states', 'of', 'a', 'bistable', 'rfsquid', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'characterize', 'noise', 'in', 'a', 'flux', 'qubit', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'incoherent', 'decay', 'rate', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'flux', 'bias', 'revealed', 'a', 'gaussian', 'shaped', 'profile', 'that', 'is', 'not', 'peaked', 'at', 'the', 'resonance', 'point', 'but', 'is', 'shifted', 'to', 'a', 'bias', 'at', 'which', 'the', 'initial', 'well', 'is', 'higher', 'than', 'the', 'target', 'well', 'the', 'rms', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'noise', 'which', 'is', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'decoherence', 'rate', '1t_2', 'was', 'observed', 'to', 'be', 'weakly', 'dependent', 'on', 'temperature', 'below', '70', 'mk', 'analysis', 'of', 'these', 'results', 'indicates', 'that', 'the', 'dominant', 'source', 'of', 'low', 'frequency', '1f', 'flux', 'noise', 'in', 'this', 'device', 'is', 'a', 'quantum', 'mechanical', 'environment', 'in', 'thermal', 'equilibrium']] | [-0.14472556158940753, 0.19754179745669598, -0.0815983655417095, 0.08574102260982212, -0.0010278095875907204, -0.15772978370685292, 0.07001631657349998, 0.3650679682259974, -0.24272714739098497, -0.3024264567734107, 0.05569402039273764, -0.2839916151826796, -0.07003554974318199, 0.21862635591431803, -0.028886052771754888, 0.025657697815610014, -0.010420551985178305, 0.0497445589174395, -0.03481286887545139, -0.16438036691397429, 0.28074010694804397, 0.11090735714862367, 0.3220390035082465, 0.04116748130839804, 0.10594490891646431, -0.07068414320035474, 0.03555511163304682, -0.0066614286245211315, -0.07219851302532175, 0.006767844916422568, 0.22561953624953393, -0.005506828787696102, 0.23350051132931737, -0.35310565025910085, -0.20058377277429984, 0.08580789125990122, 0.13148330721647336, 0.13083339861351187, 0.012206651835256944, -0.24554539792563604, 0.05754511606596086, -0.11230700476014095, -0.13258614022051915, 0.0009207364900604538, 0.024145204428097478, 0.025382243418742133, -0.2807323154102525, 0.1670553478533807, 0.07095880356779241, 0.042283476443718306, -0.05629574582081936, -0.10896400395861787, -0.04450455895098655, 0.08566608129210933, 0.009022204359264478, 0.06815584390221731, 0.2453930089817099, -0.11879464917127854, -0.05983484730367427, 0.2798839574811332, -0.1316099770029288, -0.14751348523827998, 0.1638864760570552, -0.22559741520039414, -0.05902727815201101, 0.21900595404693615, 0.10961895615530565, 0.06357637737553729, -0.17015389624638888, 0.005648579987262012, 0.0413548949458029, 0.2403688447299393, 0.07272223924165187, 0.0797680553332295, 0.23000222333180514, 0.17906313684728484, 0.08760803365351065, 0.16684883778013856, -0.16062699761444135, -0.07259131635984649, -0.29295876812513755, -0.08206307683949886, -0.2243883811423312, 0.11217146848401804, -0.030918011198873104, -0.18685538212404304, 0.40028299417994595, 0.11075402990631435, 0.2224741019875459, -0.008621549347172613, 0.31581844015289906, 0.20456572277775115, 0.05649579256449057, 0.05125018776920826, 0.2703055102135176, 0.18348235616298472, 0.09314260052760011, -0.29068983157529776, 0.06003691251997067, -0.08870246609844996] |
712.0839 | Identification, Classifications, and Absolute Properties of 773
Eclipsing Binaries Found in the TrES Survey | In recent years we have witnessed an explosion of photometric time-series
data, collected for the purpose of finding a small number of rare sources, such
as transiting extrasolar planets and gravitational microlenses. Once combed,
these data are often set aside, and are not further searched for the many other
variable sources that they undoubtedly contain. To this end, we describe a
pipeline that is designed to systematically analyze such data, while requiring
minimal user interaction. We ran our pipeline on a subset of the Trans-Atlantic
Exoplanet Survey dataset, and used it to identify and model 773 eclipsing
binary systems. For each system we conducted a joint analysis of its light
curve, colors, and theoretical isochrones. This analysis provided us with
estimates of the binary's absolute physical properties, including the masses
and ages of their stellar components, as well as their physical separations and
distances. We identified three types of eclipsing binaries that are of
particular interest and merit further observations. The first category includes
11 low-mass candidates, which may assist current efforts to explain the
discrepancies between the observation and the models of stars at the bottom of
the main-sequence. The other two categories include 34 binaries with eccentric
orbits, and 20 binaries with abnormal light curves. Finally, this uniform
catalog enabled us to identify a number of relations that provide further
constraints on binary population models and tidal circularization theory.
| astro-ph | in recent years we have witnessed an explosion of photometric timeseries data collected for the purpose of finding a small number of rare sources such as transiting extrasolar planets and gravitational microlenses once combed these data are often set aside and are not further searched for the many other variable sources that they undoubtedly contain to this end we describe a pipeline that is designed to systematically analyze such data while requiring minimal user interaction we ran our pipeline on a subset of the transatlantic exoplanet survey dataset and used it to identify and model 773 eclipsing binary systems for each system we conducted a joint analysis of its light curve colors and theoretical isochrones this analysis provided us with estimates of the binarys absolute physical properties including the masses and ages of their stellar components as well as their physical separations and distances we identified three types of eclipsing binaries that are of particular interest and merit further observations the first category includes 11 lowmass candidates which may assist current efforts to explain the discrepancies between the observation and the models of stars at the bottom of the mainsequence the other two categories include 34 binaries with eccentric orbits and 20 binaries with abnormal light curves finally this uniform catalog enabled us to identify a number of relations that provide further constraints on binary population models and tidal circularization theory | [['in', 'recent', 'years', 'we', 'have', 'witnessed', 'an', 'explosion', 'of', 'photometric', 'timeseries', 'data', 'collected', 'for', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'finding', 'a', 'small', 'number', 'of', 'rare', 'sources', 'such', 'as', 'transiting', 'extrasolar', 'planets', 'and', 'gravitational', 'microlenses', 'once', 'combed', 'these', 'data', 'are', 'often', 'set', 'aside', 'and', 'are', 'not', 'further', 'searched', 'for', 'the', 'many', 'other', 'variable', 'sources', 'that', 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712.084 | A Universal Kernel for Learning Regular Languages | We give a universal kernel that renders all the regular languages linearly
separable. We are not able to compute this kernel efficiently and conjecture
that it is intractable, but we do have an efficient $\eps$-approximation.
| cs.LG cs.DM | we give a universal kernel that renders all the regular languages linearly separable we are not able to compute this kernel efficiently and conjecture that it is intractable but we do have an efficient epsapproximation | [['we', 'give', 'a', 'universal', 'kernel', 'that', 'renders', 'all', 'the', 'regular', 'languages', 'linearly', 'separable', 'we', 'are', 'not', 'able', 'to', 'compute', 'this', 'kernel', 'efficiently', 'and', 'conjecture', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'intractable', 'but', 'we', 'do', 'have', 'an', 'efficient', 'epsapproximation']] | [-0.09982199910362917, 0.11650828135440991, -0.12762137108615468, 0.16976153645664455, -0.18149074584777866, -0.19837243390668716, 0.00722402013572199, 0.5042354470917156, -0.2891462115304811, -0.18672172002760426, 0.09809028011347566, -0.23769145657840585, -0.19915733747184278, 0.22609267291014215, -0.09079425438706364, 0.04548122981297118, 0.07020588485590581, 0.03258046321570873, -0.06371102382295898, -0.3487811444061143, 0.3165225524455309, 0.013464118167757989, 0.2029627715902669, 0.07463404518951262, 0.10929586232772895, -0.023699007901762215, 0.006216916069388389, 0.02593667060136795, -0.1354835486459446, 0.13767675422797246, 0.3307301601661103, 0.22277531551995447, 0.258104336474623, -0.4186002008616924, -0.11809036286680825, 0.22211315972464427, 0.1593973297758826, 0.1472543288554464, 0.02999739601675953, -0.13761421412761723, 0.15348405792777028, -0.19849963084395442, -0.08364717782075916, -0.2357304538999285, 0.055830479732581546, -0.04988564582807677, -0.24206891717123133, 0.03497798472110714, 0.12855478248425892, -0.07391110139765909, -0.03535255896858871, -0.06521105361836298, 0.06001849387373243, 0.09718402887561492, -0.03879884649733348, 0.04918028455493706, 0.04997129928586738, -0.055147382424079947, -0.07892236246594361, 0.31885471791028974, -0.023750456914837872, -0.25354909875563214, 0.24861158419932639, -0.11507390967703292, -0.15441271662712097, 0.13005526012607982, 0.12686685756780208, 0.17674366634871277, -0.134611160600824, 0.1671848908050119, -0.1597408585782562, 0.2027941774044718, 0.036853845244539635, 0.0017629928088613918, 0.09170229341834783, 0.02462870973561491, 0.14753883982609425, 0.17135396493332727, -0.004242768670831408, -0.0524621088989079, -0.2676101408366646, -0.14679996578821114, -0.20524512495446418, 0.05311394806859815, -0.055450903663794245, -0.2801592837486948, 0.33358520945268016, 0.2006475225889257, 0.20126321714903628, 0.18767838656370128, 0.2649715140461922, 0.16480047210518803, 0.10545556986970561, 0.2266336573953075, 0.17333945302026613, 0.04455053923385484, 0.0017934353756053107, -0.15425034752115607, 0.08475981751190764, 0.054742631901587756] |
712.0841 | Numerical Simulation of the Double Slit Interference with Ultracold
Atoms | We present a numerical simulation of the double slit interference experiment
realized by F. Shimizu, K. Shimizu and H. Takuma with ultracold atoms. We show
how the Feynman path integral method enables the calculation of the
time-dependent wave function. Because the evolution of the probability density
of the wave packet just after it exits the slits raises the issue of the
interpreting the wave/particle dualism, we also simulate trajectories in the de
Broglie-Bohm interpretation.
| quant-ph | we present a numerical simulation of the double slit interference experiment realized by f shimizu k shimizu and h takuma with ultracold atoms we show how the feynman path integral method enables the calculation of the timedependent wave function because the evolution of the probability density of the wave packet just after it exits the slits raises the issue of the interpreting the waveparticle dualism we also simulate trajectories in the de brogliebohm interpretation | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'numerical', 'simulation', 'of', 'the', 'double', 'slit', 'interference', 'experiment', 'realized', 'by', 'f', 'shimizu', 'k', 'shimizu', 'and', 'h', 'takuma', 'with', 'ultracold', 'atoms', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'the', 'feynman', 'path', 'integral', 'method', 'enables', 'the', 'calculation', 'of', 'the', 'timedependent', 'wave', 'function', 'because', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'probability', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'packet', 'just', 'after', 'it', 'exits', 'the', 'slits', 'raises', 'the', 'issue', 'of', 'the', 'interpreting', 'the', 'waveparticle', 'dualism', 'we', 'also', 'simulate', 'trajectories', 'in', 'the', 'de', 'brogliebohm', 'interpretation']] | [-0.195895506732472, 0.13221907188273865, -0.14181036611840334, 0.07553388684197035, -0.0353122472074138, -0.10110478385747092, 0.06479987253320135, 0.33975749672071576, -0.25408322408744327, -0.2798669582794178, -0.011374332344044663, -0.2569579564749378, -0.18443283356793147, 0.16924832955206912, 0.004513499071847086, 0.09043516128081573, 0.11819550582711674, 0.01040350959623513, -0.043222857417526, -0.21276772945915182, 0.3009571396324733, 0.10360503381705038, 0.23988029321221865, 0.04492205110289259, 0.09923942550404431, 0.108653265883993, -0.05174193187450914, -0.02742388112189835, -0.16952093839581597, 0.049196565166524014, 0.22772440674064093, 0.16548559069633484, 0.27232130070867605, -0.4551164578544359, -0.2200778437497681, 0.0419908364427799, 0.15889353917477883, 0.11839123330500027, -0.02451335896469959, -0.3324258834991145, -0.05166907245548417, -0.14291774877028107, -0.20346450084208012, -0.005265741902467323, 0.013398181854377259, 0.025544445221758867, -0.2019837947119002, 0.060949475097403005, 0.005147090028614214, -0.004587229722409113, -0.0017542683532180852, -0.05243476887220797, 0.009888511572084199, 0.047916604824721404, -0.007959773067117044, 0.04903244154451236, 0.11399843273939539, -0.12005668449891757, -0.11405893315860925, 0.36556481023969717, -0.07849711337930536, -0.1574347220514327, 0.12107985301345127, -0.18991329628744558, -0.052501977351175184, 0.15312276383836385, 0.05983763638953997, 0.10139134513494903, -0.09247587704137988, 0.1208210124926042, -0.06962682233528515, 0.11253840775286447, 0.14420772909046445, 0.019289386854188083, 0.19452762178255784, 0.12181548425953274, -0.001185345272087071, 0.12608146992167585, -0.12777357853706672, -0.12970561666210015, -0.34168025147016734, -0.21265150650008902, -0.18569780254659995, 0.057693653415859844, -0.02602986486812843, -0.15992903349640436, 0.3547966460097734, 0.1660945728701884, 0.16556471840108503, 0.00346511886263751, 0.2772470909132533, 0.16447918425786168, 0.0019527857434259702, 0.02298494004516875, 0.20440636187383573, 0.15030371940579929, 0.12750400381468951, -0.2979381539354943, 0.00657014175930558, 0.07748529334450523] |
712.0842 | Environment and mass dependencies of galactic $\lambda$ spin parameter:
cosmological simulations and observed galaxies compared | We use a sample of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to
search for correlations between the $\lambda$ spin parameter and the
environment and mass of galaxies. In order to calculate the total value of
$\lambda$ for each observed galaxy, we employed a simple model of the dynamical
structure of the galaxies, which allows a rough estimate of the value of
$\lambda$ using only readily obtainable observables from the luminous galaxies.
Use of a large volume-limited sample (upwards of 11,000) allows reliable
inferences of mean values and dispersions of $\lambda$ distributions. We find,
in agreement with some N-body cosmological simulations, no significant
dependence of $\lambda$ on the environmental density of the galaxies. For the
case of mass, our results show a marked correlation with $\lambda$, in the
sense that low-mass galaxies present both higher mean values of $\lambda$ and
associated dispersions, than high-mass galaxies. These results provide
interesting constrain on the mechanisms of galaxy formation and acquisition of
angular momentum, a valuable test for cosmological models.
| astro-ph | we use a sample of galaxies from the sloan digital sky survey sdss to search for correlations between the lambda spin parameter and the environment and mass of galaxies in order to calculate the total value of lambda for each observed galaxy we employed a simple model of the dynamical structure of the galaxies which allows a rough estimate of the value of lambda using only readily obtainable observables from the luminous galaxies use of a large volumelimited sample upwards of 11000 allows reliable inferences of mean values and dispersions of lambda distributions we find in agreement with some nbody cosmological simulations no significant dependence of lambda on the environmental density of the galaxies for the case of mass our results show a marked correlation with lambda in the sense that lowmass galaxies present both higher mean values of lambda and associated dispersions than highmass galaxies these results provide interesting constrain on the mechanisms of galaxy formation and acquisition of angular momentum a valuable test for cosmological models | [['we', 'use', 'a', 'sample', 'of', 'galaxies', 'from', 'the', 'sloan', 'digital', 'sky', 'survey', 'sdss', 'to', 'search', 'for', 'correlations', 'between', 'the', 'lambda', 'spin', 'parameter', 'and', 'the', 'environment', 'and', 'mass', 'of', 'galaxies', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'total', 'value', 'of', 'lambda', 'for', 'each', 'observed', 'galaxy', 'we', 'employed', 'a', 'simple', 'model', 'of', 'the', 'dynamical', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'galaxies', 'which', 'allows', 'a', 'rough', 'estimate', 'of', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'lambda', 'using', 'only', 'readily', 'obtainable', 'observables', 'from', 'the', 'luminous', 'galaxies', 'use', 'of', 'a', 'large', 'volumelimited', 'sample', 'upwards', 'of', '11000', 'allows', 'reliable', 'inferences', 'of', 'mean', 'values', 'and', 'dispersions', 'of', 'lambda', 'distributions', 'we', 'find', 'in', 'agreement', 'with', 'some', 'nbody', 'cosmological', 'simulations', 'no', 'significant', 'dependence', 'of', 'lambda', 'on', 'the', 'environmental', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'galaxies', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'mass', 'our', 'results', 'show', 'a', 'marked', 'correlation', 'with', 'lambda', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'that', 'lowmass', 'galaxies', 'present', 'both', 'higher', 'mean', 'values', 'of', 'lambda', 'and', 'associated', 'dispersions', 'than', 'highmass', 'galaxies', 'these', 'results', 'provide', 'interesting', 'constrain', 'on', 'the', 'mechanisms', 'of', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'and', 'acquisition', 'of', 'angular', 'momentum', 'a', 'valuable', 'test', 'for', 'cosmological', 'models']] | [-0.07168522578597601, 0.06372042364507381, -0.09319848914553101, 0.11030754106537816, -0.09836085882298426, -0.025816714039787518, 0.03296993038245654, 0.38137107340264176, -0.1387495666553843, -0.3476355325519329, 0.012845704113195617, -0.3010882161686909, -0.01979842488660887, 0.2236293021059542, 0.040537066477727854, 0.01609940735025226, 0.06342099545734181, -0.03152335496529953, -0.07002448686537155, -0.24941403982007787, 0.34029553011004327, 0.053000432811954636, 0.18412220970882723, -0.05378156560445426, 0.12118692096278426, -0.04586006994802682, -0.0948434915044345, 0.014923880945259173, -0.25460322522385903, 0.06781222284570547, 0.23316614276832515, 0.10925211783476352, 0.2520655961388478, -0.3180039495591267, -0.16888716483732596, 0.12731685641587578, 0.17393945273943245, 0.0885333813431706, -0.07879743618208782, -0.2690037502338999, 0.08238102055145732, -0.16916975302211495, -0.15219227831541848, -0.007348098149079652, 0.027043417613077464, 0.05844013529297497, -0.2681865014196124, 0.1825922272622674, 0.007163248198637683, 0.07864468017457209, -0.09244295158160162, -0.12547273981839507, -0.09015919951101144, 0.10181720050154365, 0.02051133323679789, 0.031459727277424895, 0.15988321750358278, -0.1907857017746816, -0.03009065362476533, 0.4246568767619984, -0.07835277476407923, -0.07393992430297658, 0.18363427317013875, -0.22170060027357458, -0.14416362401901833, 0.08535138434533673, 0.18572118522466294, 0.11578078565209926, -0.1302073229540145, 0.05461419341147467, -0.03410554762342058, 0.23631775748383785, 0.007963987320614424, 0.059562854199049026, 0.27495454443851486, 0.10682379939715334, 0.06189517574066052, 0.07996929642866321, -0.17608525394496696, -0.05197485668551443, -0.2859331120160364, -0.12023673796682574, -0.15667063336808323, 0.08436831792849782, -0.1835721045827952, -0.11939817861587342, 0.3603983778018682, 0.16683192623341234, 0.2728499016978146, 0.12546004273948105, 0.2791962324575122, 0.07049761847883929, 0.12038771473869149, 0.04241957389084356, 0.25433852931937073, 0.1654649163247086, 0.05971785306021394, -0.24209986887096116, 0.04763073576517248, -0.03246210028633608] |
712.0843 | The Magic Angle "Mystery" in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy:
Relativistic and Dielectric Corrections | Recently it has been demonstrated that a careful treatment of both
longitudinal and transverse matrix elements in electron energy loss spectra can
explain the mystery of relativistic effects on the {\it magic angle}. Here we
show that there is an additional correction of order $(Z\alpha)^2$ where $Z$ is
the atomic number and $\alpha$ the fine structure constant, which is not
necessarily small for heavy elements. Moreover, we suggest that macroscopic
electrodynamic effects can give further corrections which can break the
sample-independence of the magic angle.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | recently it has been demonstrated that a careful treatment of both longitudinal and transverse matrix elements in electron energy loss spectra can explain the mystery of relativistic effects on the it magic angle here we show that there is an additional correction of order zalpha2 where z is the atomic number and alpha the fine structure constant which is not necessarily small for heavy elements moreover we suggest that macroscopic electrodynamic effects can give further corrections which can break the sampleindependence of the magic angle | [['recently', 'it', 'has', 'been', 'demonstrated', 'that', 'a', 'careful', 'treatment', 'of', 'both', 'longitudinal', 'and', 'transverse', 'matrix', 'elements', 'in', 'electron', 'energy', 'loss', 'spectra', 'can', 'explain', 'the', 'mystery', 'of', 'relativistic', 'effects', 'on', 'the', 'it', 'magic', 'angle', 'here', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'an', 'additional', 'correction', 'of', 'order', 'zalpha2', 'where', 'z', 'is', 'the', 'atomic', 'number', 'and', 'alpha', 'the', 'fine', 'structure', 'constant', 'which', 'is', 'not', 'necessarily', 'small', 'for', 'heavy', 'elements', 'moreover', 'we', 'suggest', 'that', 'macroscopic', 'electrodynamic', 'effects', 'can', 'give', 'further', 'corrections', 'which', 'can', 'break', 'the', 'sampleindependence', 'of', 'the', 'magic', 'angle']] | [-0.10335394573797073, 0.2204927394758713, -0.08457025622261599, 0.08791102304184321, -0.06469644762996939, -0.13078419792665436, 0.01794774178415537, 0.41234510702391464, -0.2543974605810252, -0.3257539757926549, 0.04367427623669971, -0.2682188535774393, -0.12217691780201026, 0.16426052391484736, -0.009323536945019095, 0.03409010649747437, 0.048807242863057626, 0.012266471610581945, -0.07054557103852165, -0.1904479062511763, 0.31564688157578485, 0.09812612781700279, 0.23049497724111592, 0.14147273631810786, 0.1036383266161595, 0.009029880340676755, 0.009915862720282305, 0.07093405045036759, -0.09323541972905029, 0.044603581520883985, 0.16628832502534524, 0.0369179409268933, 0.2394405373488553, -0.40928870415137636, -0.21651060256685706, 0.10632481066776174, 0.1525345163148207, 0.150732400408569, -0.06475343139443014, -0.19694980239451287, 0.05961410269637348, -0.1704014471033588, -0.14916754013947434, -0.1136560919888628, 0.041267765974182455, -0.0025372153669152232, -0.28309659027131384, 0.047974474173748775, 0.0562517260245624, 0.02924006645168577, -0.009849906510983905, -0.13411154657314045, -0.017166760766745677, 0.10247403981962375, 0.07645614157220171, 0.010212901422554361, 0.08815857794667993, -0.09727664357827355, -0.08148708258799854, 0.37955104808012646, -0.023053242909511374, -0.1692691548350489, 0.11451062874402851, -0.20647473290695675, -0.12742289842572063, 0.1567125569674231, 0.1364515408030933, 0.09111155604477972, -0.09120008963717348, 0.10839218035246068, -0.06743622670182958, 0.23783856200142986, 0.031938818469089233, 0.07035238326283261, 0.1723030950607998, 0.10304282675497234, 0.022082849361357234, 0.06150164182777405, -0.13503037935394482, -0.03439824291992755, -0.32770937792069854, -0.15536941806342275, -0.15435173154054654, 0.09679426589909348, -0.06137712786516031, -0.15889109766465567, 0.3558647884055972, 0.11183537705914032, 0.1896037211242531, -0.045749019407334605, 0.2819898991923158, 0.1306232505234047, 0.11200513847870752, 0.04527570686990484, 0.3243030983333786, 0.11734056263230741, 0.03421353101397732, -0.26806026516992243, 0.08362596879513669, 0.04234233783513662] |
712.0844 | Reflected Brownian motion in a wedge: sum-of-exponential stationary
densities | We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the stationary density of
semimartingale reflected Brownian motion in a wedge to be written as a finite
sum of terms of exponential product form. Relying on geometric ideas
reminiscent of the reflection principle, we give an explicit formula for the
density in such cases.
| math.PR | we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the stationary density of semimartingale reflected brownian motion in a wedge to be written as a finite sum of terms of exponential product form relying on geometric ideas reminiscent of the reflection principle we give an explicit formula for the density in such cases | [['we', 'give', 'necessary', 'and', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'for', 'the', 'stationary', 'density', 'of', 'semimartingale', 'reflected', 'brownian', 'motion', 'in', 'a', 'wedge', 'to', 'be', 'written', 'as', 'a', 'finite', 'sum', 'of', 'terms', 'of', 'exponential', 'product', 'form', 'relying', 'on', 'geometric', 'ideas', 'reminiscent', 'of', 'the', 'reflection', 'principle', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'explicit', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'density', 'in', 'such', 'cases']] | [-0.11029529697535669, 0.08958341662718357, -0.12681215437238708, 0.07448010121052172, -0.08514629822571342, -0.07406897351657059, 0.02609394127776956, 0.32958392440980555, -0.25806111569388535, -0.23137888956961095, 0.140484215577553, -0.15982870879016964, -0.14459043292000012, 0.19655712026481828, -0.11799334980291772, 0.017196438330061296, -0.002970926746652991, 0.06775854454905379, -0.07948192053784926, -0.20516111803989784, 0.2948406940581752, -0.03104952105558386, 0.22871549044023542, 0.08359029617242734, 0.17203704094258593, 0.06517458771921548, -0.030983677848388312, 0.019859599677967674, -0.21463103859009697, 0.10708185204980421, 0.2274915695774789, 0.10505890473837544, 0.2069312434314805, -0.4947431630765398, -0.1375028495402897, 0.11669005807854381, 0.11964981285193205, 0.05994590605590858, -0.032964477692182886, -0.2690816776936545, 0.021374061785857466, -0.18785234661225012, -0.2102453019835201, -0.09749355850120385, 0.029518581561598124, 0.05874957838187031, -0.32380331756875796, 0.13029931482000678, 0.12331459459428694, 0.07049282821917943, -0.0642167885979528, -0.1007201768567457, 0.025295313356407716, 0.10108003767170742, 0.03840009433527788, -0.058112671863579865, 0.08807493229487948, -0.10256146399906892, -0.10183556388844461, 0.3756072000216912, -0.11836695064808808, -0.27091992157054884, 0.13707008857426106, -0.13938607837931782, -0.10563117335093956, 0.14764084513573086, 0.14383560068467083, 0.13668129688092306, -0.13678735649834076, 0.10471050422889747, -0.07087093926327047, 0.052027607117505634, 0.1264992594791978, 0.06991974837785843, 0.1643927458527626, 0.06762663872145555, 0.14685700871004706, 0.19614419054157814, -0.011262755635577966, -0.09974618385746783, -0.43139337704462166, -0.2144176443746569, -0.196507165938908, 0.14123647371489628, -0.11967750425951547, -0.23283209023522397, 0.34205752006257134, 0.053008002922961525, 0.19339639358405097, 0.07777388223592996, 0.24932719146211943, 0.2399320803393208, -0.0341127794418557, 0.048471331621911695, 0.12048134351076156, 0.1846643735965093, 0.053262749266828974, -0.13960629399391075, 0.08198151686320118, 0.1388878642818799] |
712.0845 | Macroscopic Resonant Tunneling in the Presence of Low Frequency Noise | We develop a theory of macroscopic resonant tunneling of flux in a
double-well potential in the presence of realistic flux noise with significant
low-frequency component. The rate of incoherent flux tunneling between the
wells exhibits resonant peaks, the shape and position of which reflect
qualitative features of the noise, and can thus serve as a diagnostic tool for
studying the low-frequency flux noise in SQUID qubits. We show, in particular,
that the noise-induced renormalization of the first resonant peak provides
direct information on the temperature of the noise source and the strength of
its quantum component.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con | we develop a theory of macroscopic resonant tunneling of flux in a doublewell potential in the presence of realistic flux noise with significant lowfrequency component the rate of incoherent flux tunneling between the wells exhibits resonant peaks the shape and position of which reflect qualitative features of the noise and can thus serve as a diagnostic tool for studying the lowfrequency flux noise in squid qubits we show in particular that the noiseinduced renormalization of the first resonant peak provides direct information on the temperature of the noise source and the strength of its quantum component | [['we', 'develop', 'a', 'theory', 'of', 'macroscopic', 'resonant', 'tunneling', 'of', 'flux', 'in', 'a', 'doublewell', 'potential', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'realistic', 'flux', 'noise', 'with', 'significant', 'lowfrequency', 'component', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'incoherent', 'flux', 'tunneling', 'between', 'the', 'wells', 'exhibits', 'resonant', 'peaks', 'the', 'shape', 'and', 'position', 'of', 'which', 'reflect', 'qualitative', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'noise', 'and', 'can', 'thus', 'serve', 'as', 'a', 'diagnostic', 'tool', 'for', 'studying', 'the', 'lowfrequency', 'flux', 'noise', 'in', 'squid', 'qubits', 'we', 'show', 'in', 'particular', 'that', 'the', 'noiseinduced', 'renormalization', 'of', 'the', 'first', 'resonant', 'peak', 'provides', 'direct', 'information', 'on', 'the', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'noise', 'source', 'and', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'its', 'quantum', 'component']] | [-0.1680128155615724, 0.12020632082749216, -0.07245982568322991, 0.0663574314530706, 0.01357141990835468, -0.1429192008993899, 0.07676869692052908, 0.3620842306215006, -0.23043126742898798, -0.307982182460061, 0.00277241638104897, -0.2858201312240756, -0.14466452908042507, 0.23006027040537447, -0.018419112340779975, 0.015186711184772625, 0.013802536656536782, 0.0235330526290151, -0.020231006147999626, -0.12264021846931428, 0.3150336890491114, 0.08421479073755715, 0.29223551627607475, 0.09036745131015778, 0.08091295216581784, -0.011162026285698326, -0.007705899527839695, -0.013279635575599968, -0.07603435673847041, 0.04526007791961698, 0.21288603721768595, 0.019286732776284527, 0.2199932218839725, -0.45131999606292084, -0.2261129514675607, 0.08641048260809232, 0.13891226880756827, 0.13943740991696055, -0.04826926386279714, -0.2976329346614269, -0.011748053468181752, -0.1084415922499223, -0.1220317341988751, -0.06673310379846953, 0.005018139141611755, 0.04291983473134072, -0.26288666450758075, 0.1565089298140568, 0.07198094355408102, 0.043190695684946455, -0.04148064925417808, -0.042337245414576806, -0.03623838321072981, 0.12586196680301023, 0.03221228170150425, 0.0032347551010995326, 0.20114130116902137, -0.15785329651165134, -0.09658886725568057, 0.29778636731862207, -0.14182877753773937, -0.11232572399118605, 0.14956990071126106, -0.18131382771631857, -0.08028414412789668, 0.16043742623393578, 0.11984872133204287, 0.04024548446371531, -0.14466387866802202, 0.0431797063799119, 0.036612578599791355, 0.1975040822774948, 0.03814179975355122, 0.12244604440153732, 0.2654097445095734, 0.18804637435581148, 0.05750931447255425, 0.17600708000160617, -0.22457019239421547, -0.056533662430107746, -0.3141302203487915, -0.12223084153568682, -0.17814810508086035, 0.06388992470116743, -0.09369646120270166, -0.22659712498716544, 0.45645692859155435, 0.16128295859501426, 0.19548399303554712, -0.025061747513973387, 0.32619239614966017, 0.1837560644671612, 0.021956427979603177, -0.0044585653765049455, 0.2757537477009464, 0.18680150705282964, 0.1067396841875355, -0.3233695271483157, 0.013546039238766147, -0.04387990865507163] |
712.0846 | ECoG observations of power-law scaling in the human cortex | We report the results of our search for power-law electrical signals in the
human brain, using subdural electrocorticographic recordings from the surface
of the cortex. The power spectral density (PSD) of these signals has the
power-law form $ P(f)\sim f^{-\chi} $ from 80 to 500 Hz. This scaling index
$\chi = 4.0\pm 0.1$ is universal, across subjects, area in the cortex, and
local neural activity levels. The shape of the PSD does not change with local
cortex activity, only its amplitude increases. We observe a knee in the spectra
at $f_0\simeq 70$ Hz, implying the existence of a characteristic time scale
$\tau=(2\pi f_0)^{-1}\simeq 2-4$ msec. For $f<f_0$ we find evidence for a
power-law with $\chi_L\simeq 2.0\pm 0.4$.
| q-bio.NC cond-mat.other | we report the results of our search for powerlaw electrical signals in the human brain using subdural electrocorticographic recordings from the surface of the cortex the power spectral density psd of these signals has the powerlaw form pfsim fchi from 80 to 500 hz this scaling index chi 40pm 01 is universal across subjects area in the cortex and local neural activity levels the shape of the psd does not change with local cortex activity only its amplitude increases we observe a knee in the spectra at f_0simeq 70 hz implying the existence of a characteristic time scale tau2pi f_01simeq 24 msec for ff_0 we find evidence for a powerlaw with chi_lsimeq 20pm 04 | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'our', 'search', 'for', 'powerlaw', 'electrical', 'signals', 'in', 'the', 'human', 'brain', 'using', 'subdural', 'electrocorticographic', 'recordings', 'from', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'cortex', 'the', 'power', 'spectral', 'density', 'psd', 'of', 'these', 'signals', 'has', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'form', 'pfsim', 'fchi', 'from', '80', 'to', '500', 'hz', 'this', 'scaling', 'index', 'chi', '40pm', '01', 'is', 'universal', 'across', 'subjects', 'area', 'in', 'the', 'cortex', 'and', 'local', 'neural', 'activity', 'levels', 'the', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'psd', 'does', 'not', 'change', 'with', 'local', 'cortex', 'activity', 'only', 'its', 'amplitude', 'increases', 'we', 'observe', 'a', 'knee', 'in', 'the', 'spectra', 'at', 'f_0simeq', '70', 'hz', 'implying', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'characteristic', 'time', 'scale', 'tau2pi', 'f_01simeq', '24', 'msec', 'for', 'ff_0', 'we', 'find', 'evidence', 'for', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'with', 'chi_lsimeq', '20pm', '04']] | [-0.0918641451576894, 0.13922540953128854, -0.090841153037565, 0.03147008153186603, -0.024913273775812494, -0.09315753513312136, 0.050849352448924696, 0.38403374583206396, -0.21483704719523136, -0.3687844691798091, 0.05404472837584432, -0.31102335651997814, -0.17069477733563293, 0.1958376193482598, -0.04898491499850272, -0.00040824343185787176, -0.009601233933459628, 0.08018649927213449, -0.04547012698074633, -0.12994531671601264, 0.19781862432534003, 0.0576937235637822, 0.2698911998018792, 0.022970394570041786, 0.07160087268884209, -0.06381364272992042, -0.014326132406395945, -0.05064537273719907, -0.11405189662579109, 0.0807524926494807, 0.25380650602640925, 0.10591904170895843, 0.23933853354643692, -0.38828047397228976, -0.2230615235785742, 0.10578330117383633, 0.10945020056083608, -0.005767028296197002, -0.02320670511319556, -0.2500942544037984, 0.13351215673610567, -0.14533575504002247, -0.08466464436443692, 0.005584174995733933, 0.05987708579791202, 0.009564061928540469, -0.25016613969664003, 0.21126129803967408, 0.047522265100005, 0.14144356605512173, -0.11344573182075031, -0.08493672460317611, -0.014819779579358344, 0.12339719017036259, 0.05074518143030053, 0.055754407063465225, 0.21561736538582904, -0.13636856096352196, -0.06966429068071937, 0.2671607789837501, -0.07955791920487007, -0.06886860422620719, 0.16303879484872927, -0.2305191368287937, -0.11800651964440476, 0.18361638250591403, 0.13732899482526012, 0.0377860332542861, -0.09773059889504855, 0.04341286999035881, 0.02297979160106148, 0.29952625764364543, 0.07111115410754626, -0.007088098141618751, 0.21069207091561773, 0.1576846157115969, 0.009076455963606183, 0.09332556219305843, -0.22818249689245765, 0.01663637561935254, -0.2737593820434995, -0.07773925159973177, -0.1559554118790071, 0.07938814740694149, -0.15421589942191283, -0.11304019272158092, 0.48948611562267286, 0.07791308857161891, 0.22789781461955996, 0.15900001794454346, 0.21994973140006716, 0.10257464659675448, 0.10245180946473159, 0.09590135981667448, 0.24172837319783866, 0.08521025544032454, 0.1420023744841191, -0.21584912521171976, 0.036192168487997896, -0.04648119560019536] |
712.0847 | The Contribution of Halo White Dwarf Binaries to the LISA Signal | Galactic double white dwarfs were postulated as a source of confusion limited
noise for LISA, the future space-based gravitational wave observatory. Until
very recently, the Galactic population consisted of a relatively well studied
disk population, a somewhat studied smaller bulge population and a mostly
unknown, but potentially large halo population. It has been argued that the
halo population may produce a signal that is much stronger (factor of ~5 in
spectral amplitude) than the disk population. However, this surprising result
was not based on an actual calculation of a halo white dwarf population but was
derived on (i) the assumption that one can extrapolate the halo population
properties from those of the disk population and (ii) the postulated
(unrealistically) high number of white dwarfs in the halo. We perform the first
calculation of a halo white dwarf population using population synthesis models.
Our comparison with the signal arising from double white dwarfs in the Galactic
disk+bulge clearly shows that it is impossible for the double white dwarf halo
signal to exceed that of the rest of the Galaxy. Using microlensing results to
give an upper limit on the content of white dwarfs in the halo (~30 % baryonic
mass in white dwarfs), our predicted halo signal is a factor of 10 lower than
the disk+bulge signal. Even in the implausible case where all of the baryonic
halo mass is found in white dwarfs, the halo signal does not become comparable
to that of the disk+bulge, and thus would still have a negligible effect on the
detection of other LISA sources.
| astro-ph | galactic double white dwarfs were postulated as a source of confusion limited noise for lisa the future spacebased gravitational wave observatory until very recently the galactic population consisted of a relatively well studied disk population a somewhat studied smaller bulge population and a mostly unknown but potentially large halo population it has been argued that the halo population may produce a signal that is much stronger factor of 5 in spectral amplitude than the disk population however this surprising result was not based on an actual calculation of a halo white dwarf population but was derived on i the assumption that one can extrapolate the halo population properties from those of the disk population and ii the postulated unrealistically high number of white dwarfs in the halo we perform the first calculation of a halo white dwarf population using population synthesis models our comparison with the signal arising from double white dwarfs in the galactic diskbulge clearly shows that it is impossible for the double white dwarf halo signal to exceed that of the rest of the galaxy using microlensing results to give an upper limit on the content of white dwarfs in the halo 30 baryonic mass in white dwarfs our predicted halo signal is a factor of 10 lower than the diskbulge signal even in the implausible case where all of the baryonic halo mass is found in white dwarfs the halo signal does not become comparable to that of the diskbulge and thus would still have a negligible effect on the detection of other lisa sources | [['galactic', 'double', 'white', 'dwarfs', 'were', 'postulated', 'as', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'confusion', 'limited', 'noise', 'for', 'lisa', 'the', 'future', 'spacebased', 'gravitational', 'wave', 'observatory', 'until', 'very', 'recently', 'the', 'galactic', 'population', 'consisted', 'of', 'a', 'relatively', 'well', 'studied', 'disk', 'population', 'a', 'somewhat', 'studied', 'smaller', 'bulge', 'population', 'and', 'a', 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-0.20854352533944945, 0.10152200244467806, -0.07588394916199263] |
712.0848 | Ewens measures on compact groups and hypergeometric kernels | On unitary compact groups the decomposition of a generic element into product
of reflections induces a decomposition of the characteristic polynomial into a
product of factors. When the group is equipped with the Haar probability
measure, these factors become independent random variables with explicit
distributions. Beyond the known results on the orthogonal and unitary groups
(O(n) and U(n)), we treat the symplectic case. In U(n), this induces a family
of probability changes analogous to the biassing in the Ewens sampling formula
known for the symmetric group. Then we study the spectral properties of these
measures, connected to the pure Fisher-Hartvig symbol on the unit circle. The
associated orthogonal polynomials give rise, as $n$ tends to infinity to a
limit kernel at the singularity.
| math.PR math-ph math.MP | on unitary compact groups the decomposition of a generic element into product of reflections induces a decomposition of the characteristic polynomial into a product of factors when the group is equipped with the haar probability measure these factors become independent random variables with explicit distributions beyond the known results on the orthogonal and unitary groups on and un we treat the symplectic case in un this induces a family of probability changes analogous to the biassing in the ewens sampling formula known for the symmetric group then we study the spectral properties of these measures connected to the pure fisherhartvig symbol on the unit circle the associated orthogonal polynomials give rise as n tends to infinity to a limit kernel at the singularity | [['on', 'unitary', 'compact', 'groups', 'the', 'decomposition', 'of', 'a', 'generic', 'element', 'into', 'product', 'of', 'reflections', 'induces', 'a', 'decomposition', 'of', 'the', 'characteristic', 'polynomial', 'into', 'a', 'product', 'of', 'factors', 'when', 'the', 'group', 'is', 'equipped', 'with', 'the', 'haar', 'probability', 'measure', 'these', 'factors', 'become', 'independent', 'random', 'variables', 'with', 'explicit', 'distributions', 'beyond', 'the', 'known', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'orthogonal', 'and', 'unitary', 'groups', 'on', 'and', 'un', 'we', 'treat', 'the', 'symplectic', 'case', 'in', 'un', 'this', 'induces', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'probability', 'changes', 'analogous', 'to', 'the', 'biassing', 'in', 'the', 'ewens', 'sampling', 'formula', 'known', 'for', 'the', 'symmetric', 'group', 'then', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'spectral', 'properties', 'of', 'these', 'measures', 'connected', 'to', 'the', 'pure', 'fisherhartvig', 'symbol', 'on', 'the', 'unit', 'circle', 'the', 'associated', 'orthogonal', 'polynomials', 'give', 'rise', 'as', 'n', 'tends', 'to', 'infinity', 'to', 'a', 'limit', 'kernel', 'at', 'the', 'singularity']] | [-0.14244326814424155, 0.12213527108350199, -0.12252227809233976, 0.04149869922933377, -0.04770466057229633, -0.09201256759572497, 0.05341067094325034, 0.3496220214677251, -0.27914616804231296, -0.17784819891676307, 0.10867598639754963, -0.26571335302173227, -0.14080335657220056, 0.15713755562439685, -0.09282338409492176, -0.0017693273512423347, 0.012024825594718914, 0.14509227691787827, -0.1307683913167066, -0.22242688225228185, 0.3834743184953435, 0.012125079292988727, 0.2878737177638229, -0.031527960049527244, 0.12226980192103801, 0.048140588020213135, -0.0630520429492982, -0.03422542398195129, -0.11170306804105024, 0.09707971702649476, 0.24368455747050072, 0.07820475003570232, 0.20854296685727544, -0.38392858188753287, -0.14169274425626663, 0.1702577500307763, 0.1298385304899132, 0.028248313013926024, 0.0010269118034211566, -0.29437411627116467, 0.06163345353508538, -0.16343541105454865, -0.18259478253043018, -0.045436823709814014, 0.01597800682980013, 0.0169430755632968, -0.293420098983675, 0.004765882911083619, 0.09936641775117802, 0.028396083026631803, -0.030981079349101884, -0.13057690859225787, 0.01841667164232551, 0.13947376707296488, 0.022599206730811894, 0.027730355502013887, 0.10333877468620203, -0.05659444064232867, -0.09153669567640163, 0.377978602398768, -0.08863436168613882, -0.2612545856174605, 0.1719508996802913, -0.1873644789457629, -0.18395814130252058, 0.11927161563942132, 0.17967979944010903, 0.1006288998760283, -0.028096232746659455, 0.1436053182658439, -0.07510612772639133, 0.08810615413610569, 0.09552344205704602, 0.0371101866303058, 0.1294860468430768, 0.048291436635142515, 0.12062546576003828, 0.15159249252039353, -0.024188239735932173, -0.09390852343260257, -0.3055990306922227, -0.1998199070688368, -0.16962755999666415, 0.11748362711269009, -0.15102722424381673, -0.22520191893212435, 0.41518570978409985, 0.0324794203331617, 0.21376329021574544, 0.10124083763865893, 0.2185014776331334, 0.12943663049877951, 0.08172073018302263, 0.04032380071907374, 0.07572611912022814, 0.22343962140812362, -0.04559243047101931, -0.18781107841906222, 0.009703138135065717, 0.13614784918864034] |
712.0849 | Some open problems in random matrix theory and the theory of integrable
systems | We describe a list of open problems in random matrix theory and integrable
systems which was presented at the conference ``Integrable Systems, Random
Matrices, and Applications'' at the Courant Institute in May 2006.
| math-ph math.MP | we describe a list of open problems in random matrix theory and integrable systems which was presented at the conference integrable systems random matrices and applications at the courant institute in may 2006 | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'list', 'of', 'open', 'problems', 'in', 'random', 'matrix', 'theory', 'and', 'integrable', 'systems', 'which', 'was', 'presented', 'at', 'the', 'conference', 'integrable', 'systems', 'random', 'matrices', 'and', 'applications', 'at', 'the', 'courant', 'institute', 'in', 'may', '2006']] | [-0.13145869133542432, 0.12494493572210724, -0.03862406542016701, 0.07120508212370402, -0.03561673460133148, -0.16978468865889942, -0.021495517784249827, 0.316223025717067, -0.2697893590137193, -0.2721834229728715, 0.1844786739851715, -0.31049598763329966, -0.2298959567014015, 0.2013966864482923, -0.10840333651073954, 0.11119570086399715, 0.11039204331058444, 0.03460700843821873, -0.11063170782995946, -0.3298400698060339, 0.28868263628277363, 0.10093749071838277, 0.2673346749083562, 0.06661308432618777, 0.16037948772480543, 0.036744388271913384, -0.03954754549671303, -0.04177602181549777, -0.09086701180785894, 0.0956243655968909, 0.3752588001503186, 0.07441211342247146, 0.23332925219879005, -0.37830366984461294, -0.16880085874546433, 0.06137114763259888, 0.07632991104302081, 0.14063630928638193, -0.006205679905233961, -0.30817765480076725, 0.05039768990580783, -0.1453985394063321, -0.1847405508160591, 0.023314133392308246, 0.06646994896458858, 0.035419447319299885, -0.2278506210581823, 0.042370491294246734, 0.04716941278258508, 0.11010143598259399, -0.034878174915458214, -0.15659031278989982, 0.09715393560966759, 0.052600403894867864, -0.09158394883640787, 0.011684223868404373, 0.07597121841866862, -0.05558306791565635, -0.18388612142227817, 0.39272298596122046, 0.027090012716750305, -0.15750533951954407, 0.20358730861070481, -0.11442618970900323, -0.26754081824963744, 0.05278610836037181, 0.2802287278076013, 0.03490534708411856, -0.1806218069272511, 0.22444948587552505, -0.03903063589876348, 0.09125403112689541, 0.057977534710627165, -0.030226587430771553, 0.22722020403792462, 0.0899451474348704, 0.02411571912693255, 0.08598793535069986, 0.042607433473070465, -0.1564333068037575, -0.3043198829347437, -0.1083488381383094, -0.18393421131468407, 0.06457733271897516, -0.0024316479640688294, -0.1795056632183718, 0.4018679184161804, 0.12203685060552688, 0.12135363804797332, 0.00010833651123737747, 0.10674456704520818, 0.12551492402527595, 0.019283396946830733, 0.11545795142989267, 0.09943242884720817, 0.26103452999483456, 0.1940789105596416, -0.1021200493542534, -0.06514566887000744, 0.16006891446357424] |
712.085 | Singular Monopoles via the Nahm Transform | We present explicit expressions for the fields of a charge one BPS monopole
with two Dirac singularities. These are solutions of the nonlinear Bogomolny
equations with the gauge group U(2) or SO(3). We derive these expressions by
applying the technique of the Nahm transform. By exploring various limits we
find a number of other solutions.
| hep-th | we present explicit expressions for the fields of a charge one bps monopole with two dirac singularities these are solutions of the nonlinear bogomolny equations with the gauge group u2 or so3 we derive these expressions by applying the technique of the nahm transform by exploring various limits we find a number of other solutions | [['we', 'present', 'explicit', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'fields', 'of', 'a', 'charge', 'one', 'bps', 'monopole', 'with', 'two', 'dirac', 'singularities', 'these', 'are', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'bogomolny', 'equations', 'with', 'the', 'gauge', 'group', 'u2', 'or', 'so3', 'we', 'derive', 'these', 'expressions', 'by', 'applying', 'the', 'technique', 'of', 'the', 'nahm', 'transform', 'by', 'exploring', 'various', 'limits', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'other', 'solutions']] | [-0.19450086194344543, 0.10594620015472174, -0.0677314954386516, 0.09410121151754125, -0.11715339235961438, -0.1342218743637204, 0.005522111358798363, 0.30834579759023406, -0.1769210122822022, -0.3111581725830382, 0.12476969460364093, -0.28659800654277207, -0.18521564676087687, 0.17619428163902326, 0.03913920342244885, 0.07399062925780361, -0.0399191619659012, 0.05831190085207874, -0.14361108909784392, -0.21271298795261168, 0.38441312228414143, -0.10734011702747508, 0.2557853542606939, -0.00348923931914297, 0.11331948624415832, -0.03485882142558694, -0.03791428099979054, -0.01243965169414878, -0.16724327298050576, 0.13945891504937952, 0.20814183679493992, 0.060636960190128195, 0.1527117406356741, -0.47504153983159497, -0.17368491847406733, 0.0860826815139841, 0.1747864220587706, 0.18644110516391016, -0.08751400440761989, -0.32804065993563697, 0.06314470151608641, -0.15636012991043655, -0.1880656448722055, -0.14345181677490473, -0.026002778747881, 0.07028592601418496, -0.2406291069886224, 0.06261163728142327, 0.014948380325751548, 0.03151053798130967, -0.10856622913005677, -0.13942896202206612, -0.048030956625007094, 0.09605463817292316, 0.11229842433663594, -0.03421515789390965, 0.060863872270353815, -0.2034444411602718, -0.11385361250828613, 0.3514124921438369, -0.07184301496229388, -0.3104508900845593, 0.12286892587488348, -0.13036071730946952, -0.13527087969282134, 0.11862796056507663, 0.08365502755411647, 0.1803726099092852, -0.1571481485597112, 0.16131670541892, -0.05982545245946808, 0.0747977925464511, 0.10288086522539908, 0.026728321391750465, 0.19071383347565476, 0.04549638291990215, 0.07700304620983926, 0.14737714387751608, -0.07254674663259224, -0.0769908617885614, -0.35795252942903477, -0.1514336438680237, -0.09148746264929121, 0.09294714125889268, -0.11220835618336092, -0.14579981538382444, 0.4055252958427776, 0.10973896401172334, 0.1711479096080769, 0.06471494604748758, 0.1998085326769135, 0.20595198847903787, 0.049453157084909355, 0.06104807299985127, 0.2059983483473347, 0.14662790468639947, 0.06767801571298729, -0.2593006062406031, -0.15427080697634005, 0.2200420944866809] |
712.0851 | First measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry in top quark
pair production | We present the first measurement of the integrated forward-backward charge
asymmetry in top-antitop quark pair (ttbar) production in proton-antiproton
collisions in the lepton plus jets final state. Using a b-jet tagging algorithm
and kinematic reconstruction assuming ttbar+X production and decay, a sample of
0.9fb-1 of data, collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider, is used to measure the asymmetry for different jet multiplicities.
The result is also used to set upper limits on ttbar+X production via a Z'
resonance.
| hep-ex | we present the first measurement of the integrated forwardbackward charge asymmetry in topantitop quark pair ttbar production in protonantiproton collisions in the lepton plus jets final state using a bjet tagging algorithm and kinematic reconstruction assuming ttbarx production and decay a sample of 09fb1 of data collected by the d0 experiment at the fermilab tevatron collider is used to measure the asymmetry for different jet multiplicities the result is also used to set upper limits on ttbarx production via a z resonance | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'integrated', 'forwardbackward', 'charge', 'asymmetry', 'in', 'topantitop', 'quark', 'pair', 'ttbar', 'production', 'in', 'protonantiproton', 'collisions', 'in', 'the', 'lepton', 'plus', 'jets', 'final', 'state', 'using', 'a', 'bjet', 'tagging', 'algorithm', 'and', 'kinematic', 'reconstruction', 'assuming', 'ttbarx', 'production', 'and', 'decay', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '09fb1', 'of', 'data', 'collected', 'by', 'the', 'd0', 'experiment', 'at', 'the', 'fermilab', 'tevatron', 'collider', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'measure', 'the', 'asymmetry', 'for', 'different', 'jet', 'multiplicities', 'the', 'result', 'is', 'also', 'used', 'to', 'set', 'upper', 'limits', 'on', 'ttbarx', 'production', 'via', 'a', 'z', 'resonance']] | [-0.028231339838651077, 0.16445601382860686, -0.14089563088037255, 0.14372818085944233, -0.027816808671781386, -0.11470599738290398, 0.032039080652771744, 0.29726908634212323, -0.19362308540972087, -0.2975526505899502, -0.05358472345652422, -0.38695849782628255, 0.1607071905419594, 0.13707437278367807, 0.10720331795377339, 0.16698675098397384, 0.17769785078878447, -0.03288728978893742, -0.0017638042875815455, -0.21297187435372575, 0.2975779498881865, 0.05554426830012079, 0.2540818104724877, 0.12579196266739107, 0.10820126092975686, 0.05453783412259526, -0.08155918734718864, -0.09092344143200756, -0.0831253117166187, 0.05757809490307586, 0.2511930268580128, 0.14716434224349698, 0.055999899811711926, -0.31460612109340885, 0.0321114881492288, 0.17237286026044407, 0.17242106239356828, 0.07632593642182012, -0.12819473130952158, -0.31889969423390563, 0.1471677809079155, -0.24824847026001207, -0.05858189453620736, 0.02391420777251081, -0.006470774362863201, -0.0787120819256482, -0.3880323269290895, 0.10552705545226827, -0.07765698992283787, 0.07153204453096827, 0.042026477119113066, -0.20101371454642858, -0.11044783071648874, -0.032156737958558085, 0.07786934631422343, 0.10241234576096758, 0.22631013723340157, -0.15079690207210483, -0.27863940169535034, 0.2874701743627467, -0.09009285742507839, -0.18359674829081063, 0.1837665019329728, -0.2543569442918297, -0.1441483191873242, 0.13921872902627488, 0.35332587306819313, 0.07536327833786788, -0.27126231861993577, 0.07211097315516005, -0.014625646117166049, 0.1392534728099524, 0.09359728208197872, 0.046681922130718284, 0.1595709320135051, 0.25725590984518754, 0.0076234259688090986, 0.08891221661001399, -0.18360323332556774, 0.0029577888128143257, -0.49856463701623244, -0.13291572744208502, -0.09130209044939498, 0.0487674652689659, 0.00617444991714764, -0.030429275252106713, 0.37360486306431817, 0.05974606253798034, 0.33772765185184234, -0.03465215401388932, 0.33261361095781733, 0.10053590409015448, 0.031428318408249716, 0.0694200366189939, 0.3128783096383303, 0.18527620454125743, 0.21478886282775642, -0.2658455939849884, 0.08045295541311001, 0.08501528356247014] |
712.0852 | Lepton number violating mSUGRA and neutrino masses | We perform a quantitative study of neutrino phenomenology in the framework of
minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) with grand unified theory (GUT)-scale tri-linear
lepton number violation. We show that only two non-zero GUT scale lepton number
violating parameters and three charged lepton mixing angles are sufficient to
account for current neutrino oscillation data. This allows collider studies to
be performed in a manageable parameter space. We discuss some phenomenological
consequences of the models, including tuning issues.
| hep-ph | we perform a quantitative study of neutrino phenomenology in the framework of minimal supergravity msugra with grand unified theory gutscale trilinear lepton number violation we show that only two nonzero gut scale lepton number violating parameters and three charged lepton mixing angles are sufficient to account for current neutrino oscillation data this allows collider studies to be performed in a manageable parameter space we discuss some phenomenological consequences of the models including tuning issues | [['we', 'perform', 'a', 'quantitative', 'study', 'of', 'neutrino', 'phenomenology', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'minimal', 'supergravity', 'msugra', 'with', 'grand', 'unified', 'theory', 'gutscale', 'trilinear', 'lepton', 'number', 'violation', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'only', 'two', 'nonzero', 'gut', 'scale', 'lepton', 'number', 'violating', 'parameters', 'and', 'three', 'charged', 'lepton', 'mixing', 'angles', 'are', 'sufficient', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'current', 'neutrino', 'oscillation', 'data', 'this', 'allows', 'collider', 'studies', 'to', 'be', 'performed', 'in', 'a', 'manageable', 'parameter', 'space', 'we', 'discuss', 'some', 'phenomenological', 'consequences', 'of', 'the', 'models', 'including', 'tuning', 'issues']] | [-0.13741831793732992, 0.2723979145867398, 0.016938694979290705, 0.22618048745553587, -0.13278075284953858, -0.1989400782528006, 0.06137227930122282, 0.2868460280871069, -0.1794414913181115, -0.3375210740880386, 0.039525718129290316, -0.23752802104796944, -0.06334670479535251, 0.14237138550929926, 0.014021309690449285, 0.11272685219709938, 0.0572646779788507, -0.09673938491205508, -0.12516793224494904, -0.2333222741805445, 0.2912244061668831, 0.025523848045063583, 0.2294003614413275, 0.0667539959823763, 0.07729816355748807, -0.0707661559603907, -0.04994128194222277, -0.027447057479278284, -0.1673209813201833, 0.05959126939745368, 0.21728731687024364, 0.15579432434075186, 0.12037176729456799, -0.4470733754538201, -0.18669902223690943, 0.22794577838047533, 0.1062683214117282, 0.12207837022740294, -0.09259450181412536, -0.2538437378668302, 0.05704537508505825, -0.2514684112440493, -0.12629617551794728, -0.15907471015344601, -0.09302493739822829, -0.1243699932552723, -0.3849441012417948, 0.08065466325402863, -0.1031802199353036, 0.03686407643898919, 0.01684685201758544, -0.1546723576564644, -0.003733850851957057, 0.03147704693539118, 0.25083024108883095, -0.07549960196735589, 0.13932988284520703, -0.1670667524166355, -0.15076995584358638, 0.3958005653694272, -0.040628686238936076, -0.227613740185326, 0.11590240085875061, -0.2083598744325541, -0.24188541163489022, 0.05887722543038025, 0.19761388337340308, 0.054097745271802354, -0.17493930847912625, 0.21917190318345092, -0.10267709305736462, 0.1332006796540038, 0.03884501927028838, 0.05804150004720164, 0.26338048724810015, 0.2595505188596812, 0.08083201419936518, 0.016238625084263953, -0.07380405513922104, -0.053874522749636625, -0.5006956683874533, -0.08562283832076434, -0.04724668914049461, 0.038225559731693684, -0.102169107519699, -0.08726851212968295, 0.4708009676038715, 0.16575880217793826, 0.2776631211509576, 0.039904431528034245, 0.2783496932478974, 0.013263021025498322, 0.06334737008885871, -0.036430428946128024, 0.29463309943369226, 0.09955644141882658, 0.09187353087897487, -0.2667991215350559, -0.041879752871102176, 0.10621530992117383] |
712.0853 | Embedded, Accreting Disks in Massive Star Formation | Recent advances in our understanding of massive star formation have made
clear the important role of protostellar disks in mediating accretion. Here we
describe a simple, semi-analytic model for young, deeply embedded, massive
accretion disks. Our approach enables us to sample a wide parameter space of
stellar mass and environmental variables, providing a means to make predictions
for a variety of sources that next generation telescopes like ALMA and the EVLA
will observe. Moreover we include, at least approximately, multiple mechanisms
for angular momentum transport, a comprehensive model for disk heating and
cooling, and a realistic estimate for the angular momentum in the gas
reservoir. We make predictions for the typical sizes, masses, and temperatures
of the disks, and describe the role of gravitational instabilities in
determining the binarity fraction and upper mass cut-off.
| astro-ph | recent advances in our understanding of massive star formation have made clear the important role of protostellar disks in mediating accretion here we describe a simple semianalytic model for young deeply embedded massive accretion disks our approach enables us to sample a wide parameter space of stellar mass and environmental variables providing a means to make predictions for a variety of sources that next generation telescopes like alma and the evla will observe moreover we include at least approximately multiple mechanisms for angular momentum transport a comprehensive model for disk heating and cooling and a realistic estimate for the angular momentum in the gas reservoir we make predictions for the typical sizes masses and temperatures of the disks and describe the role of gravitational instabilities in determining the binarity fraction and upper mass cutoff | [['recent', 'advances', 'in', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'massive', 'star', 'formation', 'have', 'made', 'clear', 'the', 'important', 'role', 'of', 'protostellar', 'disks', 'in', 'mediating', 'accretion', 'here', 'we', 'describe', 'a', 'simple', 'semianalytic', 'model', 'for', 'young', 'deeply', 'embedded', 'massive', 'accretion', 'disks', 'our', 'approach', 'enables', 'us', 'to', 'sample', 'a', 'wide', 'parameter', 'space', 'of', 'stellar', 'mass', 'and', 'environmental', 'variables', 'providing', 'a', 'means', 'to', 'make', 'predictions', 'for', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'sources', 'that', 'next', 'generation', 'telescopes', 'like', 'alma', 'and', 'the', 'evla', 'will', 'observe', 'moreover', 'we', 'include', 'at', 'least', 'approximately', 'multiple', 'mechanisms', 'for', 'angular', 'momentum', 'transport', 'a', 'comprehensive', 'model', 'for', 'disk', 'heating', 'and', 'cooling', 'and', 'a', 'realistic', 'estimate', 'for', 'the', 'angular', 'momentum', 'in', 'the', 'gas', 'reservoir', 'we', 'make', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'typical', 'sizes', 'masses', 'and', 'temperatures', 'of', 'the', 'disks', 'and', 'describe', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'gravitational', 'instabilities', 'in', 'determining', 'the', 'binarity', 'fraction', 'and', 'upper', 'mass', 'cutoff']] | [-0.09725134192341278, 0.13225755844015016, -0.04928264039075141, 0.10939371321392037, -0.0922610486523985, -0.04432235415607913, 0.039189917509749865, 0.3943210453309341, -0.1734544666805009, -0.3549623630607306, 0.06964848266650381, -0.2223803895880093, -0.04954201277951821, 0.23962459949526324, 0.013230553414644812, 0.01674339300674845, 0.08423230064784262, -0.10463161445300985, -0.0396327135038437, -0.21267836875935545, 0.33831202264166255, 0.10267001241723549, 0.14275998069988147, 0.04034859665544398, 0.08066612541494864, -0.05745482739102818, -0.09210133405902715, -0.03948471548905381, -0.20243543945453799, 0.06297744549254873, 0.2303113012275756, 0.09728331961616901, 0.25316794999395564, -0.4179030115324235, -0.24159728469493896, 0.06941688297066226, 0.17720258030901426, 0.099345836173326, -0.10169577040125741, -0.17900543174108685, 0.02383972202955898, -0.22331242671291998, -0.18999543971618388, -0.051128186127813814, 0.06549393929846918, -0.011829703928096525, -0.3000587463307667, 0.08196505346794182, 0.049824013399071436, 0.029498566927018213, -0.1054225490991471, -0.09767185292317908, -0.04135219538723355, 0.12055831195164556, -0.0026447125901676604, 0.048240489885037235, 0.1911358036854089, -0.18700765006664669, -0.051583857751632135, 0.3741331735865644, -0.04775517245184686, -0.11098289440399897, 0.2712521205878636, -0.2152369719888292, -0.18606524557959456, 0.12484497767386597, 0.24175420488620095, 0.11245406994686476, -0.14089134092261987, -0.002043837114539581, -0.022006343264799954, 0.1733651014545293, 0.029279027387861218, 0.10349052398528125, 0.37993643479421735, 0.20393324533560828, 0.01059519949303106, 0.10881039833844598, -0.17058918821458607, -0.09668741659469791, -0.2336484666313427, -0.17057904252546158, -0.1084481632986815, 0.0820429395248335, -0.12149974396428416, -0.11027042954463387, 0.33030678382935696, 0.16693268642489756, 0.22130734959978665, 0.04956440078424735, 0.31402258427619045, 0.060919863785227846, 0.1050471392070958, 0.1008169131871285, 0.28150275046589657, 0.16582933661819838, 0.10082949256548769, -0.2518544593328999, 0.04371926893129138, -0.0053434849355314205] |
712.0854 | Simulations on the electromechanical poling of ferroelectric ceramics | Based on the two-step-switching model, the process of electromechanical
poling of a ferroelectric ceramics is simulated. A difference of the remnant
polarizations between two poling protocols (mechanical stress is applied before
and after the application of poling field) is found from our simulations, which
is also observed in experiment. An explanation is given to illustrate why the
remnant polarization for the case that mechanical stress is loaded after the
application of electric field is larger than the case that mechanical stress is
loaded before the application of electric field. Our simulation results supply
a proof for the validity of the two-step-switching model in the
electromechanical poling of polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramics.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.soft | based on the twostepswitching model the process of electromechanical poling of a ferroelectric ceramics is simulated a difference of the remnant polarizations between two poling protocols mechanical stress is applied before and after the application of poling field is found from our simulations which is also observed in experiment an explanation is given to illustrate why the remnant polarization for the case that mechanical stress is loaded after the application of electric field is larger than the case that mechanical stress is loaded before the application of electric field our simulation results supply a proof for the validity of the twostepswitching model in the electromechanical poling of polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramics | [['based', 'on', 'the', 'twostepswitching', 'model', 'the', 'process', 'of', 'electromechanical', 'poling', 'of', 'a', 'ferroelectric', 'ceramics', 'is', 'simulated', 'a', 'difference', 'of', 'the', 'remnant', 'polarizations', 'between', 'two', 'poling', 'protocols', 'mechanical', 'stress', 'is', 'applied', 'before', 'and', 'after', 'the', 'application', 'of', 'poling', 'field', 'is', 'found', 'from', 'our', 'simulations', 'which', 'is', 'also', 'observed', 'in', 'experiment', 'an', 'explanation', 'is', 'given', 'to', 'illustrate', 'why', 'the', 'remnant', 'polarization', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'that', 'mechanical', 'stress', 'is', 'loaded', 'after', 'the', 'application', 'of', 'electric', 'field', 'is', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'case', 'that', 'mechanical', 'stress', 'is', 'loaded', 'before', 'the', 'application', 'of', 'electric', 'field', 'our', 'simulation', 'results', 'supply', 'a', 'proof', 'for', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'twostepswitching', 'model', 'in', 'the', 'electromechanical', 'poling', 'of', 'polycrystalline', 'ferroelectric', 'ceramics']] | [-0.12300659461416891, 0.15500817343679416, -0.09869274233157437, -0.05103471036075765, -0.05372646999441915, -0.09074151878572863, 0.04346449338589554, 0.4247302733344474, -0.2282322969770542, -0.27363993518951313, 0.0930787577806903, -0.24034279383098087, -0.13499789152087438, 0.2729772395169776, 0.004112897354557559, -0.002807304025972607, 0.021039708830088516, -0.0037162340875646033, -0.03548342801837458, -0.2285942285908041, 0.2295335957918454, 0.042228838081764815, 0.3591849638097402, 0.06811447553681554, 0.0921138933087975, -0.03406246189303972, 0.09320456524276072, 0.032758345771408466, -0.06465744418245675, 0.041833408214626146, 0.18948648258379694, 0.0233115405663503, 0.23368820185876554, -0.4721059961485918, -0.1993936531642383, 0.05630032481039288, 0.07922386479805466, 0.14554575513452786, -0.0761897227159891, -0.2281743584468064, 0.08345730754512327, -0.11801661324204395, -0.14055661339726713, -0.049492926699005894, 0.026817792326996655, 0.01789185776444221, -0.29068651241983323, 0.0761019601505487, 0.059074520008397045, 0.11464754695555678, -0.15440385983998162, -0.09355841330856222, -0.03416191132445992, 0.02496374008801973, 0.08950851549565818, 0.05149422262588309, 0.22192849855680294, -0.11860008866965978, -0.10343135793313936, 0.383750164915842, -0.005205760880926391, -0.12405605265801703, 0.10550027285676657, -0.14684370341193345, -0.04133774720442792, 0.12556088847729066, 0.1310989392955822, 0.08134046498755063, -0.15269347379432507, 0.04889427332360625, 0.008018010571874954, 0.19306575433627046, 0.07784898228149999, -0.043170128759272675, 0.2114362896062192, 0.2452577196009871, -0.02102906450939675, 0.21916344435238796, -0.05182219766666768, -0.03739265698284187, -0.3125822505120326, -0.1879640951476715, -0.22125354949039994, 0.07236360960545156, -0.12141920790424963, -0.1705556638706993, 0.40669720615605237, 0.16328674559998843, 0.0946198161346493, -0.018721458201374237, 0.30865915711210284, 0.07040186592213879, 0.0603250525245029, -0.015555084713182791, 0.3200652427902376, 0.19716904220102285, 0.16408982053528437, -0.2717128873768228, 0.11711160249844263, -0.02351050320322867] |
712.0855 | Ab initio no-core shell model and microscopic reactions: recent
achievements | We report on recent microscopic calculations of reaction properties based
upon the nuclear structure of the ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM).
| nucl-th | we report on recent microscopic calculations of reaction properties based upon the nuclear structure of the ab initio nocore shell model ncsm | [['we', 'report', 'on', 'recent', 'microscopic', 'calculations', 'of', 'reaction', 'properties', 'based', 'upon', 'the', 'nuclear', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'ab', 'initio', 'nocore', 'shell', 'model', 'ncsm']] | [-0.017363766038959675, 0.018249264590188184, -0.1484787890552649, -0.00017925940284674817, -0.029498914087360554, 0.03872661334885792, 0.09296372503211553, 0.4827242005955089, -0.18612212797796185, -0.22882326650009913, -0.12328672986900942, -0.3193533955649896, -0.14544250384311785, 0.05326659412292594, 0.2056077371605418, 0.08607421535469423, 0.12481273854659362, -0.0133497749497606, -0.2057148961519653, -0.09839970568745313, 0.33406353898515756, 0.20680691818283362, 0.1970641857690432, 0.14046492817049677, 0.0007212076928805221, 0.05010713793506676, -0.005006231282922355, -0.07278462376614864, -0.2561164834451946, 0.2348042928444391, 0.14785123396326194, 0.023675421697341582, 0.14012529617387123, -0.7085822143337943, -0.2670827873728492, -0.15014677727594972, 0.08336570985953916, 0.21720512067391115, -0.0693629754294472, -0.2835345014252446, -0.01979421976615082, -0.2750402253798463, -0.13075431580231947, -0.1895246014676311, 0.02576495649885725, 0.07466333511878144, -0.1796721976425033, 0.05279620592905716, -0.0815427425656129, 0.08408319023775138, -0.2364758749873462, -0.3207234633155167, 0.041499916929751635, -0.029882001119073142, -0.05315637428165329, 0.055939397019260054, 0.2669001923747022, -0.052413326942107895, -0.12470504019240086, 0.45722046409818257, 0.01441258755089207, -0.06098610975525596, 0.1268452268876982, -0.12006849228319796, -0.2168988387777724, 0.11448304489551281, 0.06573445688594472, 0.15876609747382728, -0.13924314094633286, 0.23063279552893204, -0.06129198707640171, 0.2616285854442553, -0.08387471583079208, -0.04807893288406459, 0.08990532346069813, 0.34736780331216077, -0.12666319590061903, -0.0308865937827663, -0.1664699906250462, -0.26919053063135256, -0.273293855346062, -0.021280360408127308, -0.19415954246439718, 0.10396020956845446, -0.028770534850826316, -0.23567876338281415, 0.4077660646289587, 0.11402878470041534, 0.08958849590271711, -0.06347857894037258, 0.2516742279245095, -0.06674786847592755, 0.01699626725167036, -0.00895685533230955, 0.3517378055151891, 0.2561620975929228, -0.09247668330896307, -0.3903908231718974, 0.061032120101365515, 0.11877421323548663] |
712.0856 | The Strong and Gravitational Couplings of Knotted Solitons | We extend our earlier study of the electroweak interactions of quantum knots
to their gravitational and strong interactions. The knots are defined by
appropriate quantum groups and are intended to describe all knotted field
structures that conserve mass and spin, charge and hypercharge, as well as
color charge and color hypercharge. As sources of the gravitational fields the
knots are described as representations of the quantum group $SL_q(2)$ and as
sources of the electroweak and strong fields they are described by $SU_q(2)$.
When the point sources of the standard theory are replaced by the quantum
knots, the interaction terms of the new Lagrangian density acquire knot form
factors and the standard local gauge invariance is supplemented by an
additional global $U(1)\times U(1)$ invariance of the $SU_q(2)$ algebra.
| hep-th | we extend our earlier study of the electroweak interactions of quantum knots to their gravitational and strong interactions the knots are defined by appropriate quantum groups and are intended to describe all knotted field structures that conserve mass and spin charge and hypercharge as well as color charge and color hypercharge as sources of the gravitational fields the knots are described as representations of the quantum group sl_q2 and as sources of the electroweak and strong fields they are described by su_q2 when the point sources of the standard theory are replaced by the quantum knots the interaction terms of the new lagrangian density acquire knot form factors and the standard local gauge invariance is supplemented by an additional global u1times u1 invariance of the su_q2 algebra | [['we', 'extend', 'our', 'earlier', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'electroweak', 'interactions', 'of', 'quantum', 'knots', 'to', 'their', 'gravitational', 'and', 'strong', 'interactions', 'the', 'knots', 'are', 'defined', 'by', 'appropriate', 'quantum', 'groups', 'and', 'are', 'intended', 'to', 'describe', 'all', 'knotted', 'field', 'structures', 'that', 'conserve', 'mass', 'and', 'spin', 'charge', 'and', 'hypercharge', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'color', 'charge', 'and', 'color', 'hypercharge', 'as', 'sources', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'fields', 'the', 'knots', 'are', 'described', 'as', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'group', 'sl_q2', 'and', 'as', 'sources', 'of', 'the', 'electroweak', 'and', 'strong', 'fields', 'they', 'are', 'described', 'by', 'su_q2', 'when', 'the', 'point', 'sources', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'theory', 'are', 'replaced', 'by', 'the', 'quantum', 'knots', 'the', 'interaction', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'lagrangian', 'density', 'acquire', 'knot', 'form', 'factors', 'and', 'the', 'standard', 'local', 'gauge', 'invariance', 'is', 'supplemented', 'by', 'an', 'additional', 'global', 'u1times', 'u1', 'invariance', 'of', 'the', 'su_q2', 'algebra']] | [-0.18323785128570566, 0.22231117033642098, -0.05882896960063977, 0.134797873203716, -0.06588516580160912, -0.11891046401083939, -0.029092510097924122, 0.36284732256876673, -0.2428361562220013, -0.31679703343630305, 0.06670169486466238, -0.2437750969199449, -0.09988161454373222, 0.11591668039061657, -0.013645182231690471, 0.01675495907194971, -0.03537317610155116, 0.044952402606342486, -0.06259216130142811, -0.2302986567392652, 0.3440720519109622, 0.024851065602036208, 0.2002155336544035, 0.033878253178861666, 0.10463607516213078, 0.013636123172674828, -0.04901664504986696, 0.004769749433447526, -0.07276813313576959, 0.08256728861271953, 0.1910029244723759, 0.033084494388097616, 0.11022308331503584, -0.429649450075556, -0.21550658128158315, 0.09070678115419047, 0.1334143295887799, 0.10455298242269187, -0.04629308019955386, -0.383520544139947, 0.07474359840990638, -0.18959051591718173, -0.14557183302634608, -0.1265214990795128, -0.027391950375268485, 0.045482865672221214, -0.206379354971747, 0.08639912101564796, 0.04011326755019359, 0.0877490791044836, -0.017506360439363662, -0.07985786709377146, -0.09141351043532683, 0.13760367955753075, 0.10018956028548341, 0.08014029270500003, 0.18352868185400611, -0.2418268078600797, -0.19060382713365742, 0.44025538442289736, -0.046779323581928815, -0.18623829574514855, 0.174579150501756, -0.10180074137710694, -0.13948057644347858, 0.12269150607991876, 0.08445868345241495, 0.08190473781781286, -0.12481626934487845, 0.16388003275682508, -0.05018751711610294, 0.10676942439039429, 0.03078218200610672, 0.09799721573046812, 0.23565276659379794, 0.019668453041185426, 0.03895521214173183, 0.0951406085849043, -0.031532880498598675, -0.1000340440141873, -0.40493734572522755, -0.18943000621919512, -0.14491284156573833, 0.08208181353755237, -0.08397696228738229, -0.12716334323466602, 0.3929643817960952, 0.0976068250042951, 0.15319799262054967, 0.03427065714211093, 0.24202241332409538, 0.10488190802408191, 0.14337851939994226, 0.049406376863485126, 0.23613537146570526, 0.21781203625210394, 0.010137186767020094, -0.1896120356432507, -0.07061692710789874, 0.1423795575122019] |
712.0857 | On Zonal Jets in Oceans | We find that in parameter regimes relevant to the recently observed
alternating zonal jets in oceans, the formation of these jets can be explained
as due to an arrest of the turbulent inverse-cascade of energy by {\em free}
Rossby waves (as opposed to Rossby {\em basin} modes) and a subsequent
redirection of that energy into zonal modes. This mechanism, originally studied
in the context of alternating jets in Jovian atmospheres and two dimensional
turbulence in zonally-periodic configurations survives in spite of the presence
of the meridional boundaries in the oceanic context.
| physics.flu-dyn physics.ao-ph | we find that in parameter regimes relevant to the recently observed alternating zonal jets in oceans the formation of these jets can be explained as due to an arrest of the turbulent inversecascade of energy by em free rossby waves as opposed to rossby em basin modes and a subsequent redirection of that energy into zonal modes this mechanism originally studied in the context of alternating jets in jovian atmospheres and two dimensional turbulence in zonallyperiodic configurations survives in spite of the presence of the meridional boundaries in the oceanic context | [['we', 'find', 'that', 'in', 'parameter', 'regimes', 'relevant', 'to', 'the', 'recently', 'observed', 'alternating', 'zonal', 'jets', 'in', 'oceans', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'these', 'jets', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'as', 'due', 'to', 'an', 'arrest', 'of', 'the', 'turbulent', 'inversecascade', 'of', 'energy', 'by', 'em', 'free', 'rossby', 'waves', 'as', 'opposed', 'to', 'rossby', 'em', 'basin', 'modes', 'and', 'a', 'subsequent', 'redirection', 'of', 'that', 'energy', 'into', 'zonal', 'modes', 'this', 'mechanism', 'originally', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'alternating', 'jets', 'in', 'jovian', 'atmospheres', 'and', 'two', 'dimensional', 'turbulence', 'in', 'zonallyperiodic', 'configurations', 'survives', 'in', 'spite', 'of', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'the', 'meridional', 'boundaries', 'in', 'the', 'oceanic', 'context']] | [-0.18058642604284816, 0.2612407753931216, -0.03299931072526508, 0.13123181492685237, -0.023187972105936042, 0.008356963599928552, -0.0057116813957691194, 0.2797514234126235, -0.263553909998801, -0.28784242212358446, 0.06994711267373835, -0.19521448576512437, -0.12685858386232415, 0.17789990282100107, -0.02667765419723259, 0.007894363989018731, 0.04257790165494144, -0.04872403175880512, 0.040309257769129345, -0.15215456070274944, 0.30138997978841264, 0.08767877041051785, 0.2118920672270987, 0.022486898572080666, 0.054874969977471565, -0.07676092302426696, -0.012049526545322604, 0.0361345734861162, -0.16066350754327788, 0.007635885539154212, 0.2540516763252931, 0.03471599432329337, 0.2375287415112123, -0.5049421894053618, -0.29232171316527655, 0.057529403114070496, 0.21507773528185983, 0.06851477187333835, -0.010168895654755438, -0.22932439187748566, 0.05638136621564627, -0.1845513824166523, -0.13745210822671652, -0.03330198565963656, 0.019390626691488756, 0.025988508900627493, -0.2881682693389141, 0.15401706421075181, 0.09799835413125241, 0.09450189129630518, -0.107105294868557, -0.047640875985638965, -0.13819218817839607, 0.04448043922505652, 0.16428207808898554, 0.008128656938465106, 0.10365736418817606, -0.18761359936300626, -0.12173512145462963, 0.39406706503488953, -0.06655900446284148, -0.16044587325304746, 0.2570726573932916, -0.19713956371674107, -0.07611341410213046, 0.1874713245054914, 0.2326808160584834, 0.09721050897302727, -0.06348433542427503, 0.0056594779805487225, -0.06624729721548242, 0.08692750311974022, 0.12725885588054855, 0.0010056069017284446, 0.2786511264741421, 0.1574528500230776, 0.057977171552677946, 0.14522850544114288, -0.171549996568097, -0.1089610956609249, -0.23035496717008452, -0.143640171808915, -0.13609657494558228, -0.024858366558328272, -0.04188412188830423, -0.17025065264768072, 0.4207532366944684, 0.10941477823782608, 0.17615408636629581, -0.062106678277874985, 0.2985577342410882, 0.09685501692454435, 0.07131018098443746, 0.15855261107078858, 0.32927395374410684, 0.16470285744871943, 0.13790221471442946, -0.24838049960219197, 0.06310201076687211, 0.0949423296790984] |
712.0858 | Volume Reflection and Refraction of Relativistic Particles in Bent
Crystals | The quasi-channeling of positive and negative relativistic particles in a
bent crystal is studied using the classical deflection function. It was shown
that the potential scattering in a central field of bounded ring-like
potentials may produce the ``reflected'' and ``refracted'' fractions of
scattered particles. For particles with positive charge the ``reflected''
fraction is mainly presented; at the same time we predict that for particles
with negative charge the ``refracted'' fraction should dominate. The effect of
``empty core'' for central scattering is also discussed. The average deflection
angles for volume ``reflection'' and ``refraction'' are derived for accepted
potential model of the crystal. The calculated average ``reflection'' angle is
in satisfactory agreement with recent experimental data \cite{ivanov_2006}
| physics.acc-ph physics.class-ph | the quasichanneling of positive and negative relativistic particles in a bent crystal is studied using the classical deflection function it was shown that the potential scattering in a central field of bounded ringlike potentials may produce the reflected and refracted fractions of scattered particles for particles with positive charge the reflected fraction is mainly presented at the same time we predict that for particles with negative charge the refracted fraction should dominate the effect of empty core for central scattering is also discussed the average deflection angles for volume reflection and refraction are derived for accepted potential model of the crystal the calculated average reflection angle is in satisfactory agreement with recent experimental data citeivanov_2006 | [['the', 'quasichanneling', 'of', 'positive', 'and', 'negative', 'relativistic', 'particles', 'in', 'a', 'bent', 'crystal', 'is', 'studied', 'using', 'the', 'classical', 'deflection', 'function', 'it', 'was', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'potential', 'scattering', 'in', 'a', 'central', 'field', 'of', 'bounded', 'ringlike', 'potentials', 'may', 'produce', 'the', 'reflected', 'and', 'refracted', 'fractions', 'of', 'scattered', 'particles', 'for', 'particles', 'with', 'positive', 'charge', 'the', 'reflected', 'fraction', 'is', 'mainly', 'presented', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'we', 'predict', 'that', 'for', 'particles', 'with', 'negative', 'charge', 'the', 'refracted', 'fraction', 'should', 'dominate', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'empty', 'core', 'for', 'central', 'scattering', 'is', 'also', 'discussed', 'the', 'average', 'deflection', 'angles', 'for', 'volume', 'reflection', 'and', 'refraction', 'are', 'derived', 'for', 'accepted', 'potential', 'model', 'of', 'the', 'crystal', 'the', 'calculated', 'average', 'reflection', 'angle', 'is', 'in', 'satisfactory', 'agreement', 'with', 'recent', 'experimental', 'data', 'citeivanov_2006']] | [-0.12205110915442276, 0.21889583750938377, -0.07756150182614331, 0.07125623214156612, -0.03530058575173219, -0.11908084940034569, 0.0021110643314099626, 0.39025717601180077, -0.2388456944833722, -0.28205567014223915, 0.006951764170815678, -0.33181164327910856, -0.07548092791745276, 0.17900652415323348, 0.006147402771666907, 0.03408294221337296, 0.014631030421393612, 0.02822865710365014, -0.009642873527155373, -0.175815640556577, 0.28644260728176224, 0.10375564075646955, 0.2399212028545311, 0.11220019021921121, 0.09869190092758161, 0.058955550447041004, -0.037204603668661754, 0.07251969464695114, -0.1058795477904169, 0.06476523207802848, 0.19376661137293763, 0.019849718380882814, 0.15026528862909527, -0.41171985443093273, -0.20485528029926253, 0.0905645763207423, 0.13903283370605654, 0.09284539805038979, -0.18415394981530608, -0.24841003762067934, 0.04421027718732754, -0.11784711582872101, -0.21022951966580494, 0.03928080944573147, 0.08782223011714227, 0.04341669720107395, -0.250782269428958, 0.11658391660296873, 0.0206321265850739, -0.00853552187694923, -0.09151963490518954, -0.15486468901763784, -0.06443564876865007, 0.08795816815160051, 0.06480291873735392, 0.023824662470520196, 0.1579427268609339, -0.11784686198409058, -0.07373011926711913, 0.4070926527901177, -0.06525265610891215, -0.19329030762769675, 0.12880514168972967, -0.2578677395971394, -0.04012475988476358, 0.24011777015198676, 0.16635963907608306, 0.0991875222504237, -0.09937654342502356, 0.04631155542059181, -0.06012859471599784, 0.15575889227380812, 0.12443749928895972, -0.012430393029366346, 0.260062511863285, 0.10020745612615556, -4.070212558042585e-05, 0.1332128559879493, -0.1227609049692227, -0.09342237365056287, -0.29556062376727105, -0.1486647608608269, -0.18058474391715176, 0.018007539088118887, -0.07833264296296923, -0.13940606643767464, 0.33382682044777956, 0.07983712003445825, 0.16747325708632144, 0.05118966152434025, 0.2848129378991169, 0.16475842017966338, 0.05565740542666039, 0.03234998254399551, 0.32622547855747763, 0.1569843099211555, 0.1284056947660518, -0.21001781674771847, 0.08524223281123691, -0.010503778256207354] |
712.0859 | Testing the nature of S0 galaxies using planetary nebula kinematics in
NGC 1023 | We investigate the manner in which lenticular galaxies are formed by studying
their stellar kinematics: an S0 formed from a fading spiral galaxy should
display similar cold outer disc kinematics to its progenitor, while an S0
formed in a minor merger should be more dominated by random motions. In a pilot
study to attempt to distinguish between these scenarios, we have measured the
planetary nebula (PN) kinematics of the nearby S0 system NGC 1023. Using the
Planetary Nebula Spectrograph, we have detected and measured the line-of-sight
velocities of 204 candidate PNe in the field of this galaxy. Out to
intermediate radii, the system displays the kinematics of a normal
rotationally-supported disc system. After correction of its rotational
velocities for asymmetric drift, the galaxy lies just below the spiral galaxy
Tully-Fisher relation, as one would expect for a fading system. However, at
larger radii the kinematics undergo a gradual but major transition to random
motion with little rotation. This transition does not seem to reflect a change
in the viewing geometry or the presence of a distinct halo component, since the
number counts of PNe follow the same simple exponential decline as the stellar
continuum with the same projected disc ellipticity out to large radii. The
galaxy's small companion, NGC 1023A, does not seem to be large enough to have
caused the observed modification either. This combination of properties would
seem to indicate a complex evolutionary history in either the transition to
form an S0 or in the past life of the spiral galaxy from which the S0 formed.
More data sets of this type from both spirals and S0s are needed in order to
definitively determine the relationship between these types of system.
| astro-ph | we investigate the manner in which lenticular galaxies are formed by studying their stellar kinematics an s0 formed from a fading spiral galaxy should display similar cold outer disc kinematics to its progenitor while an s0 formed in a minor merger should be more dominated by random motions in a pilot study to attempt to distinguish between these scenarios we have measured the planetary nebula pn kinematics of the nearby s0 system ngc 1023 using the planetary nebula spectrograph we have detected and measured the lineofsight velocities of 204 candidate pne in the field of this galaxy out to intermediate radii the system displays the kinematics of a normal rotationallysupported disc system after correction of its rotational velocities for asymmetric drift the galaxy lies just below the spiral galaxy tullyfisher relation as one would expect for a fading system however at larger radii the kinematics undergo a gradual but major transition to random motion with little rotation this transition does not seem to reflect a change in the viewing geometry or the presence of a distinct halo component since the number counts of pne follow the same simple exponential decline as the stellar continuum with the same projected disc ellipticity out to large radii the galaxys small companion ngc 1023a does not seem to be large enough to have caused the observed modification either this combination of properties would seem to indicate a complex evolutionary history in either the transition to form an s0 or in the past life of the spiral galaxy from which the s0 formed more data sets of this type from both spirals and s0s are needed in order to definitively determine the relationship between these types of system | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'manner', 'in', 'which', 'lenticular', 'galaxies', 'are', 'formed', 'by', 'studying', 'their', 'stellar', 'kinematics', 'an', 's0', 'formed', 'from', 'a', 'fading', 'spiral', 'galaxy', 'should', 'display', 'similar', 'cold', 'outer', 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712.086 | Mass Models for Low Surface Brightness Galaxies with High Resolution
Optical Velocity Fields | We present high-resolution optical velocity fields from DensePak integral
field spectroscopy, along with derived rotation curves, for a sample of low
surface brightness galaxies. In the limit of no baryons, we fit the NFW and
pseudoisothermal halo models to the data and find the rotation curve shapes and
halo central densities to be better described by the isothermal halo. For those
galaxies with photometry, we present halo fits for three assumptions of the
stellar mass-to-light ratio. We find that the velocity contribution from the
baryons is significant enough in the maximum disk case that maximum disk and
the NFW halo are mutually exclusive. We find a substantial cusp mass excess at
the centers of the galaxies, with at least two times more mass expected in the
cuspy CDM halo than is allowed by the data. We also find that to reconcile the
data with LCDM, ~20 km/s noncircular motions are needed and/or the power
spectrum has a lower amplitude on the scales we probe.
| astro-ph | we present highresolution optical velocity fields from densepak integral field spectroscopy along with derived rotation curves for a sample of low surface brightness galaxies in the limit of no baryons we fit the nfw and pseudoisothermal halo models to the data and find the rotation curve shapes and halo central densities to be better described by the isothermal halo for those galaxies with photometry we present halo fits for three assumptions of the stellar masstolight ratio we find that the velocity contribution from the baryons is significant enough in the maximum disk case that maximum disk and the nfw halo are mutually exclusive we find a substantial cusp mass excess at the centers of the galaxies with at least two times more mass expected in the cuspy cdm halo than is allowed by the data we also find that to reconcile the data with lcdm 20 kms noncircular motions are needed andor the power spectrum has a lower amplitude on the scales we probe | [['we', 'present', 'highresolution', 'optical', 'velocity', 'fields', 'from', 'densepak', 'integral', 'field', 'spectroscopy', 'along', 'with', 'derived', 'rotation', 'curves', 'for', 'a', 'sample', 'of', 'low', 'surface', 'brightness', 'galaxies', 'in', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'no', 'baryons', 'we', 'fit', 'the', 'nfw', 'and', 'pseudoisothermal', 'halo', 'models', 'to', 'the', 'data', 'and', 'find', 'the', 'rotation', 'curve', 'shapes', 'and', 'halo', 'central', 'densities', 'to', 'be', 'better', 'described', 'by', 'the', 'isothermal', 'halo', 'for', 'those', 'galaxies', 'with', 'photometry', 'we', 'present', 'halo', 'fits', 'for', 'three', 'assumptions', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'masstolight', 'ratio', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'velocity', 'contribution', 'from', 'the', 'baryons', 'is', 'significant', 'enough', 'in', 'the', 'maximum', 'disk', 'case', 'that', 'maximum', 'disk', 'and', 'the', 'nfw', 'halo', 'are', 'mutually', 'exclusive', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'substantial', 'cusp', 'mass', 'excess', 'at', 'the', 'centers', 'of', 'the', 'galaxies', 'with', 'at', 'least', 'two', 'times', 'more', 'mass', 'expected', 'in', 'the', 'cuspy', 'cdm', 'halo', 'than', 'is', 'allowed', 'by', 'the', 'data', 'we', 'also', 'find', 'that', 'to', 'reconcile', 'the', 'data', 'with', 'lcdm', '20', 'kms', 'noncircular', 'motions', 'are', 'needed', 'andor', 'the', 'power', 'spectrum', 'has', 'a', 'lower', 'amplitude', 'on', 'the', 'scales', 'we', 'probe']] | [-0.0782126406748586, 0.08762378328786481, -0.1343995582300988, 0.12171509011120467, -0.09005209977494372, -0.06041636252662212, 0.011482449929888656, 0.42172867305031636, -0.13583782029042885, -0.37214972651222855, 0.029064980239703934, -0.3083748446050577, 0.013600468791725977, 0.2103821310362347, -0.012204754512711632, 0.017038794447349886, 0.031101896173445644, -0.04757540097045598, -0.0673701316671923, -0.25490752864833466, 0.3217687606435303, 0.04428095232678305, 0.17153240565818212, -0.051397796601011625, 0.06213531361129021, -0.07376376211802226, -0.05367786759828649, -0.0019955326286258132, -0.19839777241147047, 0.05282496895482082, 0.1969056239023724, 0.09994349929805073, 0.14855914244360133, -0.3769027885365376, -0.193871521409963, 0.1293948400970094, 0.1954356766626716, 0.08207952586945327, -0.0912647597480561, -0.21603905356051856, 0.06513558493404673, -0.17832467712961683, -0.1930456396090094, 0.006547016489160497, 0.0346600422585985, 0.019346664304044324, -0.240301218923045, 0.21363419666016764, 0.00413443617133719, 0.07592583607836831, -0.08272576998782957, -0.1281612944340606, -0.08939243922657447, 0.010936537582892925, 0.0525034544506769, 0.05681203858978001, 0.2095017910621941, -0.15960321351090764, 0.00802393709579142, 0.4129302617866637, -0.11991415458361167, -0.07078297911552577, 0.16711275957428237, -0.24004886469451664, -0.13839187707025102, 0.12078033316250118, 0.16007880362818336, 0.046971351623807736, -0.13592973454051832, 0.026719977257415872, -0.058890023291474435, 0.22885269247472467, 0.05303471672303248, -0.021393099414303944, 0.3179524069333949, 0.0641014337519797, 0.08749817545730167, 0.04936649961249403, -0.22142751763217014, -0.036912718787789345, -0.23567084720210604, -0.07557511727450551, -0.12083473199873412, 0.028313525943880584, -0.1717973766268498, -0.08813359919458447, 0.3439240087016781, 0.11115934512941394, 0.28711979562507534, 0.1366550948715019, 0.3641476670802548, 0.10835634110312307, 0.13020970038899288, 0.15703507918841775, 0.30080055771395564, 0.19263211490938487, 0.040500339543696764, -0.2345950687474503, 0.018899532477939275, -0.062448382264048585] |
712.0861 | Effects of anisotropic in-plane strains on the phase diagram of
BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin film | Based on Landau-Devonshire (LD) phenomenological theory, phase diagram of
epitaxial BST50/50 thin films on anisotropic in-plane strains is investigated.
Different from BaTiO3 thin films, the paraelectric phase appears under the
anisotropic misfit strains on BST50/50 thin films at the room temperature. The
pyroelectric property of the BST films is also calculated, we find that the
position of pyroelectric peak greatly depends on anisotropic misfit strains.
Keywords: anisotropic in-plane strains; BST thin films; phase diagram
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.soft | based on landaudevonshire ld phenomenological theory phase diagram of epitaxial bst5050 thin films on anisotropic inplane strains is investigated different from batio3 thin films the paraelectric phase appears under the anisotropic misfit strains on bst5050 thin films at the room temperature the pyroelectric property of the bst films is also calculated we find that the position of pyroelectric peak greatly depends on anisotropic misfit strains keywords anisotropic inplane strains bst thin films phase diagram | [['based', 'on', 'landaudevonshire', 'ld', 'phenomenological', 'theory', 'phase', 'diagram', 'of', 'epitaxial', 'bst5050', 'thin', 'films', 'on', 'anisotropic', 'inplane', 'strains', 'is', 'investigated', 'different', 'from', 'batio3', 'thin', 'films', 'the', 'paraelectric', 'phase', 'appears', 'under', 'the', 'anisotropic', 'misfit', 'strains', 'on', 'bst5050', 'thin', 'films', 'at', 'the', 'room', 'temperature', 'the', 'pyroelectric', 'property', 'of', 'the', 'bst', 'films', 'is', 'also', 'calculated', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'position', 'of', 'pyroelectric', 'peak', 'greatly', 'depends', 'on', 'anisotropic', 'misfit', 'strains', 'keywords', 'anisotropic', 'inplane', 'strains', 'bst', 'thin', 'films', 'phase', 'diagram']] | [-0.19699710423204428, 0.275002063496989, -0.04075565320413767, -0.09532126663705437, -0.0776810249986334, -0.11647097554264797, 0.11021962668585022, 0.5240180780917095, -0.2955560158782949, -0.18943491971327198, 0.020945831699969455, -0.29500784662862617, -0.12870875284230957, 0.19131772168394592, 0.04587079911854946, 0.023041889362502843, -0.10830509286218633, -0.19353021554545397, -0.1354244901805133, -0.1881948558924099, 0.24812973358914153, -0.002768999411879728, 0.5014328112269545, 0.038761229806469705, 0.025010398524399433, -0.02972427958674315, 0.1904868004170971, 0.10770026611215952, -0.31532670257780004, -0.04825160405016504, 0.24359624393077361, -0.26964452675181544, 0.060529188770386905, -0.4771435634336538, -0.19472231002065302, -0.07162095996965137, 0.02997927063713885, 0.16661506739910692, -0.09070803926119374, -0.22258527101075742, 0.07712997600578496, -0.02500247368071642, -0.08271482650242332, -0.06537957254658977, -0.021420107973325584, -0.04146236189020177, -0.23107876419787013, 0.1481244845227694, 0.027734323197768793, 0.13114268641867158, -0.1830637017911714, -0.2472079378268164, -0.1794014569928145, -0.06087766680219728, 0.10834562657530317, 0.10158749356762403, 0.2701307227123632, -0.07227140609433667, -0.05972902672915047, 0.3361489735543728, -0.013532336335629225, -0.019329007663246658, 0.057998550224712946, -0.1822603540753739, -0.023312441454941615, 0.19977124041825947, 0.11488762677698913, 0.1254891873007485, -0.1523994840293502, 0.13146985847399467, 0.06208710713932911, 0.28221922780115466, 0.13901251148329014, 0.011854947512296753, 0.21085324896396035, 0.2711333140129379, -0.05072477907459769, 0.19992421530898558, -0.11200060047364484, 0.023501534092550475, -0.16640388573675105, -0.15197587553929123, -0.2198393713074943, 0.05988994000169138, -0.2543269770297532, -0.33799074273944524, 0.3377593536343839, 0.08448199880593973, 0.0674439102682906, -0.07727620205453907, 0.19193852594536212, -0.008363677508896217, 0.0584574109428407, -0.05724408995592967, 0.3305670292918674, 0.1882103936578561, 0.16004887272477694, -0.264211753716356, 0.2609742141600388, 0.010219057818176225] |
712.0862 | The correspondence between Tracy-Widom (TW) and Adler-Shiota-van
Moerbeke (ASvM) approaches in random matrix theory: the Gaussian case | Two approaches (TW and ASvM) to derivation of integrable differential
equations for random matrix probabilities are compared. Both methods are
rewritten in such a form that simple and explicit relations between all TW
dependent variables and $\tau$-functions of ASvM are found, for the example of
finite size Gaussian matrices. Orthogonal function systems and Toda lattice are
seen as the core structure of both approaches and their relationship.
| math-ph math.MP | two approaches tw and asvm to derivation of integrable differential equations for random matrix probabilities are compared both methods are rewritten in such a form that simple and explicit relations between all tw dependent variables and taufunctions of asvm are found for the example of finite size gaussian matrices orthogonal function systems and toda lattice are seen as the core structure of both approaches and their relationship | [['two', 'approaches', 'tw', 'and', 'asvm', 'to', 'derivation', 'of', 'integrable', 'differential', 'equations', 'for', 'random', 'matrix', 'probabilities', 'are', 'compared', 'both', 'methods', 'are', 'rewritten', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'form', 'that', 'simple', 'and', 'explicit', 'relations', 'between', 'all', 'tw', 'dependent', 'variables', 'and', 'taufunctions', 'of', 'asvm', 'are', 'found', 'for', 'the', 'example', 'of', 'finite', 'size', 'gaussian', 'matrices', 'orthogonal', 'function', 'systems', 'and', 'toda', 'lattice', 'are', 'seen', 'as', 'the', 'core', 'structure', 'of', 'both', 'approaches', 'and', 'their', 'relationship']] | [-0.11118034572243246, 0.0962458846555439, -0.04349742002729604, 0.11614685074718141, -0.06522298610505106, -0.17871026010183033, -0.016257630350109912, 0.3869915597085188, -0.28780896710092896, -0.22966996088985409, 0.10710132123256075, -0.2853464993314623, -0.18313321179307218, 0.19371798417683858, 0.014173291866848273, 0.11227237864105559, 0.04621533162321951, 0.022250812827373175, -0.1696832259706875, -0.22191373509730197, 0.3182134127988021, -0.05161488940939307, 0.24484808651257806, -0.02495541408268818, 0.1279728970448695, -0.0036963883842994916, -0.07660748952054489, -0.01385748792272895, -0.08711510858163603, 0.08729145514306182, 0.26736871871763646, 0.10453489736945772, 0.18488097577633808, -0.4100342454638944, -0.14146198552803818, 0.054107427958454656, 0.18481605903092604, 0.08002988420037636, 0.015621520245253151, -0.23175437330032017, 0.05598874285872748, -0.18665504365214217, -0.13289003537050378, -0.07643242885442034, 0.0597818564734797, 0.124160599992124, -0.3022255106427735, 0.0961021337129954, 0.07250534226673085, 0.0658548625651747, -0.06915552652816274, -0.21238641817567508, -0.020006174907964, 0.11491307226242498, 0.0005873803070176448, -0.02527507565526375, 0.06415085516758819, -0.11890722783421402, -0.1367426171704237, 0.3788037362105366, -0.04716495607993496, -0.2925401959401458, 0.1966514815506873, -0.10657052962637659, -0.1281259929372081, 0.07904097782586937, 0.13983523510674487, 0.10608856710813828, -0.16191292809993169, 0.10150816981983024, -0.04930575881431352, 0.10411512109437096, 0.07905700925126005, 0.0574326585046947, 0.17132392999674403, 0.07194849423396943, -0.01628861580488842, 0.09407837260792505, 0.011008183103499573, -0.1937979535866918, -0.2918338365123065, -0.13465054294289047, -0.14044276088538732, 0.014906018138376635, -0.13446417053246615, -0.20808578243673737, 0.33302467126996993, 0.07163614888828415, 0.20640599309230473, 0.10814293670996245, 0.19446529977635216, 0.20424690097396664, 0.06799835441703561, 0.04804802609524175, 0.12835458468701413, 0.24772166676555218, 0.06153487118044451, -0.19466314108958885, 0.03095837792993259, 0.11904203933455161] |
712.0863 | An Improved Error Bound for Gaussian Interpolation | An error bound for Gaussian Interpolation which is better than the current
exponential-type error bound is presented.
| math.NA | an error bound for gaussian interpolation which is better than the current exponentialtype error bound is presented | [['an', 'error', 'bound', 'for', 'gaussian', 'interpolation', 'which', 'is', 'better', 'than', 'the', 'current', 'exponentialtype', 'error', 'bound', 'is', 'presented']] | [-0.06543467029490892, 0.03804719774822896, -0.107939151718336, 0.22822162559639445, -0.039158167700995415, -0.2236963652950876, 0.035573467995752305, 0.3059965418103863, -0.19979466738946297, -0.31874040327966213, 0.13639410891953638, -0.2408934573040289, -0.11058980533305336, 0.31702303711105795, -0.12089545542702955, 0.17166761166470892, 0.03514294118127402, 0.11951378886314, -0.12965580240330277, -0.34238634970696535, 0.2344648463322836, 0.19934922415653572, 0.29962384525467367, 0.030792661887757918, 0.007593965048299116, -0.0615747040411567, 0.055974643567905706, -0.14367763040696874, -0.1823406342197867, 0.2166379031396526, 0.14350317900671677, 0.06625917378593893, 0.30567488841274204, -0.3059219044140157, -0.17584459111094475, 0.1291266505003852, 0.2298071961849928, 0.14598477327073103, -0.02307125400094425, -0.3115677837939823, 0.10280872859499034, -0.10979906469583511, -0.06636866225915797, -0.05647901401800268, -0.002553674447185853, -3.82429057293955e-05, -0.46023495692540617, 0.20362785370910869, 0.15232762249583817, 0.039706803529578096, -0.026625744779320323, -0.2888546006425339, 0.1003541018375579, 0.03341621434425607, -0.03691766967120416, 0.1863673074335298, 0.07344500909504645, -0.089800143504844, -0.10042980592697859, 0.2356785077820806, -0.09037810009784367, -0.3208767394809162, 0.059329350424163485, -0.09573188939077013, 0.026803334353162962, 0.1805386161979507, 0.1644399795023834, 0.05402072042017929, -0.15258324891328812, 0.027039460837841034, -0.02992582359515569, 0.2248749963062651, 0.03744354427737348, 0.09097804764614385, -0.01878425424151561, 0.2103129818158991, 0.2646032277604236, 0.08814399448387764, -0.09999505956383313, -0.13161774330279408, -0.3533242765594931, -0.17903008249670485, -0.2959497687132919, -0.024091037866823813, -0.1284721836940769, -0.17081962635411935, 0.30303313977578106, 0.11374158740920179, 0.10719466209411621, 0.1862917789600461, 0.40071944366483125, 0.266740914872464, -0.019738858236986047, 0.20327373385867653, 0.28571316862807555, 0.11249174243387054, -0.08044411987066269, -0.1455931322210852, 0.12551374454051256, 0.11314745663720019] |
712.0864 | A New Error Bound for Shifted Surface Spline Interpolation | A New Error Bound for shifted surface spline interpolation is presented. This
error bound probably is the most powerful one up to now.
| math.NA | a new error bound for shifted surface spline interpolation is presented this error bound probably is the most powerful one up to now | [['a', 'new', 'error', 'bound', 'for', 'shifted', 'surface', 'spline', 'interpolation', 'is', 'presented', 'this', 'error', 'bound', 'probably', 'is', 'the', 'most', 'powerful', 'one', 'up', 'to', 'now']] | [-0.06278029740180659, 0.059606360190588493, -0.11773004820165427, 0.18486372432570256, -0.11993780740253303, -0.22280726328735118, 0.07768216984265525, 0.3058884066084157, -0.291360474540852, -0.30135807313996815, 0.15183367130711026, -0.22081284014427144, -0.11585224403635315, 0.32030836168838583, -0.11243914355240438, 0.11884982995790146, 0.024980320352251114, 0.011603632212980934, -0.07907114858212679, -0.32893788134274277, 0.24956312289704446, 0.11025169050401967, 0.1981608977480589, 0.043421200841017395, 0.041592448787844696, -0.1168299053552682, 0.017689389946020168, -0.10892931580462534, -0.15105775320072376, 0.2630898200339921, 0.23382902068450398, 0.060141032156736954, 0.3159590638850046, -0.27753468886341737, -0.17227350952832596, 0.06678678261359101, 0.15815024150778417, 0.15884816047290098, -0.09730996094320131, -0.22619416823853616, 0.08751361246180275, -0.12082569544082103, -0.15295623469611871, -0.036233415422232254, 0.028959535143297653, -0.047616435538815415, -0.295354015963233, 0.09697478226102564, 0.06416593452804195, 0.04198344505351523, 0.049973645500595805, -0.20012025178774542, 0.03574997421516025, 0.05820302760390484, -0.006980810537124457, 0.18492539022522775, 0.030062066715048706, -0.050931957641454494, -0.041392954795256905, 0.3315267859269743, -0.06310473034239333, -0.22948320517721382, 0.16472099964385448, -0.11747817763977725, -0.1338368054965268, 0.2419421795917594, 0.17438184307969135, 0.12355922121724175, -0.17116106204364612, 0.012665044151894424, 0.00233986965664055, 0.20595283352810403, 0.10417720667369988, 0.01661321245457815, 0.11001725235710973, 0.1827731657287349, 0.19861895997968057, 0.12252860921232597, -0.12655694693650887, -0.044834098778665066, -0.3316305847838521, -0.18088045390828958, -0.27863801925686066, -0.05353726730074571, -0.08410639220686711, -0.19444940903264543, 0.3301420726853868, 0.07082369241296597, 0.14094568663479193, 0.07333710692498994, 0.34163890892396803, 0.18191893929210695, 0.1048713605850935, 0.1658013436295416, 0.2946206515897875, 0.17946699520815973, -0.06608938109939513, -0.0985091047199524, 0.07782277833346439, 0.16016432513361392] |
712.0865 | Rigorous description of exchange-correlation energy of many-electron
systems | With the eigenfunctional theory, we study a general interacting electron
system, and give a rigorous expression of its ground state energy which is
composed of two parts, one part is contributed by the non-interacting
electrons, and another one is represented by the correlation functions that are
controlled by the electron correlation. Moreover, according to the rigorous
expression of the ground state energy, an effective method beyond the local
density approximation of the density functional theory is proposed.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el | with the eigenfunctional theory we study a general interacting electron system and give a rigorous expression of its ground state energy which is composed of two parts one part is contributed by the noninteracting electrons and another one is represented by the correlation functions that are controlled by the electron correlation moreover according to the rigorous expression of the ground state energy an effective method beyond the local density approximation of the density functional theory is proposed | [['with', 'the', 'eigenfunctional', 'theory', 'we', 'study', 'a', 'general', 'interacting', 'electron', 'system', 'and', 'give', 'a', 'rigorous', 'expression', 'of', 'its', 'ground', 'state', 'energy', 'which', 'is', 'composed', 'of', 'two', 'parts', 'one', 'part', 'is', 'contributed', 'by', 'the', 'noninteracting', 'electrons', 'and', 'another', 'one', 'is', 'represented', 'by', 'the', 'correlation', 'functions', 'that', 'are', 'controlled', 'by', 'the', 'electron', 'correlation', 'moreover', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'rigorous', 'expression', 'of', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'energy', 'an', 'effective', 'method', 'beyond', 'the', 'local', 'density', 'approximation', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'is', 'proposed']] | [-0.12340786166537504, 0.13138061581204447, -0.10620482755800734, 0.09259432903188583, 0.03304543522755047, -0.10280688429348074, 0.027567762781732848, 0.2791640145534819, -0.22475077356998022, -0.31670238375179954, 0.027367561293596573, -0.31698977095740183, -0.1401887080728911, 0.13978864107426112, 0.061521445866674185, 0.017382797300543443, 0.013020225316769891, 0.07947194707797622, -0.07230335179801015, -0.1894059495262608, 0.3497042939816783, 0.06235647637566382, 0.29120625676163897, 0.06513155466429406, 0.09937466671327491, 0.046039400099135645, 0.010017297581418769, 0.03638442699688218, -0.09465685831853446, 0.16942014787104223, 0.20805861180430496, 0.06914653004352729, 0.2932815377346494, -0.45746421881697397, -0.19621759598058733, 0.02369802752388762, 0.11217950932778321, 0.10419822843932824, -0.023635232449182635, -0.28172939424342536, 0.024759951898791863, -0.20300755204705448, -0.17231711719257684, -0.082403440270331, 0.0009716037576171485, 0.019139327837589693, -0.2610480467147835, 0.12877759710974784, 0.016260291782340834, 0.007299529569973419, -0.11353504679970104, -0.08523774067508419, -0.005743224506399461, 0.12752361737748052, 0.024773712468775015, 0.06789558823220432, 0.13527411985658594, -0.12137398430956649, -0.06711308733566193, 0.3313076496970924, -0.07393515955160868, -0.22287902144364433, 0.18155655968789156, -0.11688805116921083, -0.0586050739330421, 0.1632200637832284, 0.07860426130619916, 0.09692053344439376, -0.17831358640128142, 0.10853331756638968, -0.05656971330391606, 0.17480690383001582, -0.01354993785453307, 0.025186699310880058, 0.20363333185094518, 0.14156881309803818, 0.0787345404772983, 0.14631366294312786, -0.06742122938989528, -0.1184784567781857, -0.28755360715962075, -0.16150182276335243, -0.2583697102903449, 0.038546892696411, -0.029159012262319373, -0.16205646496798312, 0.46181426318241403, 0.08021486856575523, 0.15145271347666328, 0.012716589832690531, 0.3246713304867992, 0.22580624268958707, 0.006795957968751719, 0.05881526684328043, 0.22998056607320905, 0.15839359342943055, 0.029318895831994422, -0.22122539273862327, 0.05351670878612763, 0.10289915692811082] |
712.0866 | Alexander polynomials and hyperbolic volume of arborescent links | We realize a given (monic) Alexander polynomial by a (fibered) hyperbolic
arborescent knot and link of any number of components, and by infinitely many
such links of at least 4 components. As a consequence, a Mahler measure
minimizing polynomial, if it exists, is realized as the Alexander polynomial of
a fibered hyperbolic link of at least 2 components. For given polynomial, we
give also an upper bound on the minimal hyperbolic volume of knots/links, and
contrarily, construct knots of arbitrarily large volume, which are arborescent,
or have given free genus at least 2.
| math.GT | we realize a given monic alexander polynomial by a fibered hyperbolic arborescent knot and link of any number of components and by infinitely many such links of at least 4 components as a consequence a mahler measure minimizing polynomial if it exists is realized as the alexander polynomial of a fibered hyperbolic link of at least 2 components for given polynomial we give also an upper bound on the minimal hyperbolic volume of knotslinks and contrarily construct knots of arbitrarily large volume which are arborescent or have given free genus at least 2 | [['we', 'realize', 'a', 'given', 'monic', 'alexander', 'polynomial', 'by', 'a', 'fibered', 'hyperbolic', 'arborescent', 'knot', 'and', 'link', 'of', 'any', 'number', 'of', 'components', 'and', 'by', 'infinitely', 'many', 'such', 'links', 'of', 'at', 'least', '4', 'components', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'a', 'mahler', 'measure', 'minimizing', 'polynomial', 'if', 'it', 'exists', 'is', 'realized', 'as', 'the', 'alexander', 'polynomial', 'of', 'a', 'fibered', 'hyperbolic', 'link', 'of', 'at', 'least', '2', 'components', 'for', 'given', 'polynomial', 'we', 'give', 'also', 'an', 'upper', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'minimal', 'hyperbolic', 'volume', 'of', 'knotslinks', 'and', 'contrarily', 'construct', 'knots', 'of', 'arbitrarily', 'large', 'volume', 'which', 'are', 'arborescent', 'or', 'have', 'given', 'free', 'genus', 'at', 'least', '2']] | [-0.2577388774082866, 0.13557547798160569, -0.07300309559971255, 0.058724728889853486, -0.06493922082647201, -0.20878990662474467, -0.008936169144186762, 0.3066600134486072, -0.2854769303493442, -0.29818729381327347, 0.13132308971297035, -0.25997132527571853, -0.16213968417467048, 0.21951362497663945, -0.09337920946962831, 0.014398564464382587, 0.01902923471624813, 0.09230844914833064, -0.0437429791857158, -0.32802024357501536, 0.34880813759981943, -0.07533262078199655, 0.11140402950601833, 0.11122829345886105, 0.2200426542831044, -0.04234256240369011, -0.024724702616172132, 0.01684559871672943, -0.17978901372501446, 0.0852127613609917, 0.2923202222433462, 0.07492536359706954, 0.183402474291162, -0.36389161345751714, -0.12652882722817282, 0.24593964919087388, 0.1596877490738607, -0.03459897492786929, 0.0056267838952662325, -0.18099718493840067, 0.10638691495943775, -0.17652113250987503, -0.2170635144857149, -0.04138302819062305, 0.05533877587927285, 0.044625195524384896, -0.18913726014916293, -0.025717932743743885, 0.06128419313820139, 0.14704977410253367, 0.06949940452512393, -0.10278465807117441, -0.02134716201333269, 0.09149429445675704, -0.009854671217360965, 0.10435675043031893, 0.008347721234644933, -0.12923238226538022, -0.1383664876883549, 0.3469716229586191, -0.08940896327777575, -0.2699445729614586, 0.1738127478115481, -0.13736300126359027, -0.17829954951140348, 0.2210649198111427, 0.11168059278079258, 0.08820540134504598, -0.006287032968655068, 0.11848125203014402, -0.164723262110705, 0.1459208825122445, 0.1927197757677766, -0.01101376243456397, 0.16963902996071883, 0.04882679016439505, 0.15109316565783917, 0.16248826467136662, -0.005251595687862205, 0.011147411319837775, -0.34162464549624794, -0.23234300308182376, -0.228083118951569, 0.12206316681238272, -0.15063899488051258, -0.19162449473014442, 0.36863371047882304, -0.05216429698761673, 0.18281826729243447, 0.17672977016823146, 0.26593384336334686, 0.0830924914597774, 0.06157556292475752, 0.13846197828990958, 0.10702961644217852, 0.1393487024050887, -0.07931871678660153, -0.0942729395633984, 0.04400697201290118, 0.18811346501893095] |
712.0867 | On Non-Relativistic Conformal Field Theory and Trapped Atoms: Virial
Theorems and the State-Operator Correspondence in Three Dimensions | The field theory of nonrelativistic fermions interacting via contact
interactions can be used to calculate the properties of few-body systems of
cold atoms confined in harmonic traps. The state-operator correspondence of
Non-Relativistic Conformal Field Theory (NRCFT) shows that the energy
eigenvalues (in oscillator units) of N harmonically trapped fermions can be
calculated from the scaling dimensions of N-fermion operators in the NRCFT.
They are also in one-to-one correspondence with zero-energy, scale-invariant
solutions to the N-body problem in free space. We show that these two mappings
of the trapped fermion problem to free space problems are related by an
automorphism of the SL(2,R) algebra of the conformal symmetry of fermions at
the unitary limit. This automorphism exchanges the internal Hamiltonian of the
gas with the trapping potential and hence provides a novel method for deriving
virial theorems for trapped Fermi gases at the unitary limit. We also show that
the state-operator correspondence can be applied directly in three spatial
dimensions by calculating the scaling dimensions of two- and three-fermion
operators and finding agreement with known exact results for energy levels of
two and three trapped fermions at the unitary limit.
| cond-mat.other hep-th nucl-th | the field theory of nonrelativistic fermions interacting via contact interactions can be used to calculate the properties of fewbody systems of cold atoms confined in harmonic traps the stateoperator correspondence of nonrelativistic conformal field theory nrcft shows that the energy eigenvalues in oscillator units of n harmonically trapped fermions can be calculated from the scaling dimensions of nfermion operators in the nrcft they are also in onetoone correspondence with zeroenergy scaleinvariant solutions to the nbody problem in free space we show that these two mappings of the trapped fermion problem to free space problems are related by an automorphism of the sl2r algebra of the conformal symmetry of fermions at the unitary limit this automorphism exchanges the internal hamiltonian of the gas with the trapping potential and hence provides a novel method for deriving virial theorems for trapped fermi gases at the unitary limit we also show that the stateoperator correspondence can be applied directly in three spatial dimensions by calculating the scaling dimensions of two and threefermion operators and finding agreement with known exact results for energy levels of two and three trapped fermions at the unitary limit | [['the', 'field', 'theory', 'of', 'nonrelativistic', 'fermions', 'interacting', 'via', 'contact', 'interactions', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'fewbody', 'systems', 'of', 'cold', 'atoms', 'confined', 'in', 'harmonic', 'traps', 'the', 'stateoperator', 'correspondence', 'of', 'nonrelativistic', 'conformal', 'field', 'theory', 'nrcft', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'energy', 'eigenvalues', 'in', 'oscillator', 'units', 'of', 'n', 'harmonically', 'trapped', 'fermions', 'can', 'be', 'calculated', 'from', 'the', 'scaling', 'dimensions', 'of', 'nfermion', 'operators', 'in', 'the', 'nrcft', 'they', 'are', 'also', 'in', 'onetoone', 'correspondence', 'with', 'zeroenergy', 'scaleinvariant', 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712.0868 | The geometry of thermodynamics | We present a review of the main aspects of geometrothermodynamics, an
approach which allows us to associate a specific Riemannian structure to any
classical thermodynamic system. In the space of equilibrium states, we consider
a Legendre invariant metric, which is given in terms of the fundamental
equation of the corresponding thermodynamic system, and analyze its geometric
properties in the case of the van der Waals gas, and black holes. We conclude
that the geometry of this particular metric reproduces the thermodynamic
behavior of the van der Waals gas, and the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole, but
it is not adequate for the thermodynamic description of Kerr black holes.
| math-ph gr-qc math.MP physics.chem-ph | we present a review of the main aspects of geometrothermodynamics an approach which allows us to associate a specific riemannian structure to any classical thermodynamic system in the space of equilibrium states we consider a legendre invariant metric which is given in terms of the fundamental equation of the corresponding thermodynamic system and analyze its geometric properties in the case of the van der waals gas and black holes we conclude that the geometry of this particular metric reproduces the thermodynamic behavior of the van der waals gas and the reissnernordstrom black hole but it is not adequate for the thermodynamic description of kerr black holes | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'review', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'aspects', 'of', 'geometrothermodynamics', 'an', 'approach', 'which', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'associate', 'a', 'specific', 'riemannian', 'structure', 'to', 'any', 'classical', 'thermodynamic', 'system', 'in', 'the', 'space', 'of', 'equilibrium', 'states', 'we', 'consider', 'a', 'legendre', 'invariant', 'metric', 'which', 'is', 'given', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'fundamental', 'equation', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'thermodynamic', 'system', 'and', 'analyze', 'its', 'geometric', 'properties', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'van', 'der', 'waals', 'gas', 'and', 'black', 'holes', 'we', 'conclude', 'that', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'this', 'particular', 'metric', 'reproduces', 'the', 'thermodynamic', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'van', 'der', 'waals', 'gas', 'and', 'the', 'reissnernordstrom', 'black', 'hole', 'but', 'it', 'is', 'not', 'adequate', 'for', 'the', 'thermodynamic', 'description', 'of', 'kerr', 'black', 'holes']] | [-0.14655698341084644, 0.025112258494564745, -0.11618798353515987, 0.09244869831391557, -0.04654002380733079, -0.11211572198267535, 0.021037515619646688, 0.25695283630124804, -0.21350375993862608, -0.24819929143611588, 0.004466848344682663, -0.32931391818611994, -0.18576600103867505, 0.1816936329156512, -0.0710558662419471, 0.0594497915914168, -0.006202304208616041, 0.03465690125517969, -0.12744258626864977, -0.22735067810160373, 0.4258285498000541, 0.08369043327973417, 0.22951446233080033, 0.05128454275205204, 0.11909767204263019, 0.010305714833040564, 0.06536161740538927, 0.06571762922702067, -0.24965230894159968, 0.1315539737362722, 0.21160165166025455, 0.0697385991774148, 0.2275789440192177, -0.3907304205228838, -0.2239837668713112, 0.059820116761158094, 0.09704764359542783, 0.1633225310097431, -0.020965168973044405, -0.25642252452276154, 0.04477066482759942, -0.22557461638232026, -0.15941078033965994, -0.11735689358012576, 0.027774887950212327, 0.031417895536781905, -0.15371629640400708, 0.0949850485545917, 0.13455639949138715, -0.05073738703504205, -0.14495994368478005, -0.020253766813526315, -0.022267452862886887, 0.1259982697314249, 0.02188950437802013, -0.007088933293795529, 0.18733636931656808, -0.09657525422077907, -0.05361057879438378, 0.4243860290262778, -0.04366668053234945, -0.1755507151894974, 0.19984217447597744, -0.20680233365241088, -0.11985132109619817, 0.05588599595346681, 0.11117657152760141, 0.15223236847668886, -0.18059130671120002, 0.16685628201559907, -0.005308775428928576, 0.15731682320881002, 0.09881213158017622, 0.060838490526877204, 0.298465322123243, 0.11007699535342531, 0.03230121650487044, 0.18350664868880556, -0.01144055984387139, -0.12940358815117264, -0.3020344483753983, -0.23557875976449688, -0.18680916294754255, 0.12611302461286783, -0.1531824297926505, -0.27169945748426233, 0.3555223571690116, 0.11235108396946122, 0.17732937675285734, -0.011638533736948134, 0.24795480450223484, 0.09995768325543909, -0.023052601807065448, 0.06486770460153667, 0.30658202844162313, 0.14897618134383042, 0.13294981080898136, -0.26268009227296374, -0.014838922659005478, 0.14320297413593475] |
712.0869 | Quantum graphs with spin Hamiltonians | The article surveys quantization schemes for metric graphs with spin.
Typically quantum graphs are defined with the Laplace or Schrodinger operator
which describe particles whose intrinsic angular momentum (spin) is zero.
However, in many applications, for example modeling an electron (which has
spin-1/2) on a network of thin wires, it is necessary to consider operators
which allow spin-orbit interaction. The article presents a review of
quantization schemes for graphs with three such Hamiltonian operators, the
Dirac, Pauli and Rashba Hamiltonians. Comparing results for the trace formula,
spectral statistics and spin-orbit localization on quantum graphs with spin
Hamiltonians.
| math-ph math.MP | the article surveys quantization schemes for metric graphs with spin typically quantum graphs are defined with the laplace or schrodinger operator which describe particles whose intrinsic angular momentum spin is zero however in many applications for example modeling an electron which has spin12 on a network of thin wires it is necessary to consider operators which allow spinorbit interaction the article presents a review of quantization schemes for graphs with three such hamiltonian operators the dirac pauli and rashba hamiltonians comparing results for the trace formula spectral statistics and spinorbit localization on quantum graphs with spin hamiltonians | [['the', 'article', 'surveys', 'quantization', 'schemes', 'for', 'metric', 'graphs', 'with', 'spin', 'typically', 'quantum', 'graphs', 'are', 'defined', 'with', 'the', 'laplace', 'or', 'schrodinger', 'operator', 'which', 'describe', 'particles', 'whose', 'intrinsic', 'angular', 'momentum', 'spin', 'is', 'zero', 'however', 'in', 'many', 'applications', 'for', 'example', 'modeling', 'an', 'electron', 'which', 'has', 'spin12', 'on', 'a', 'network', 'of', 'thin', 'wires', 'it', 'is', 'necessary', 'to', 'consider', 'operators', 'which', 'allow', 'spinorbit', 'interaction', 'the', 'article', 'presents', 'a', 'review', 'of', 'quantization', 'schemes', 'for', 'graphs', 'with', 'three', 'such', 'hamiltonian', 'operators', 'the', 'dirac', 'pauli', 'and', 'rashba', 'hamiltonians', 'comparing', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'trace', 'formula', 'spectral', 'statistics', 'and', 'spinorbit', 'localization', 'on', 'quantum', 'graphs', 'with', 'spin', 'hamiltonians']] | [-0.1785154471884376, 0.1635099846244725, -0.016599315597877366, 0.06098851657798994, -0.08098376596576928, -0.20140575779333098, -0.050279911092636125, 0.39587167362423287, -0.21045783370464427, -0.2816841442632422, 0.0481436655979085, -0.30900555194269136, -0.13118251026416025, 0.2072157736113967, -0.00806634308117413, 0.08813052643186499, 0.08245689661683726, 0.010957806008704697, -0.12135367464158953, -0.20243206590692484, 0.38931583017398863, 0.013006763952813045, 0.23671139245756814, 0.09127806962861382, 0.1055245540085604, 0.04850550254653256, 0.041872782882341406, -0.012439408377965087, -0.1262904788684292, 0.08706560131815291, 0.2561055215312043, -0.03279757583225818, 0.18916556078787009, -0.4240318099228838, -0.2070142565506328, 0.10180305561396419, 0.136313240682303, 0.1633228776201164, -0.016530655552489087, -0.3188332127714434, -0.0051329919045848636, -0.2051040696594672, -0.10538464656925385, -0.1193087460261952, 0.013892000041825255, 0.003055194569223551, -0.2555186421275571, 0.039676239958858675, 0.11508110520842764, 0.07748242627022807, -0.05116675173882971, -0.11358546867928247, 0.005069501179548883, 0.055592709060124666, 0.006696144559363038, -0.0003030743094679621, 0.0917463435829838, -0.1035397703202499, -0.19298698899057723, 0.39594029196413216, -0.016490432035331567, -0.26702701346888735, 0.11941412752302191, -0.12489807306123975, -0.11639516093508945, 0.04252334431620296, 0.13082661261762848, 0.12825426090143852, -0.17671351899037657, 0.15470732289208003, -0.01191045850822606, 0.09082718142644339, 0.01087577559639575, 0.12550844611196788, 0.20319247567430906, 0.10019676568773911, 0.1373762435504216, 0.09954702093976445, -0.0672069604114927, -0.13460097951843336, -0.24273265843500488, -0.16581816944418495, -0.2761697383362262, 0.11523386874937058, -0.10147759030283832, -0.22167821313475364, 0.4388475396199939, 0.13359302454676056, 0.16441410694501757, 0.05012228251458866, 0.263461818889782, 0.15825655790689142, 0.09152724064848165, 0.06625960458108444, 0.16208833260653713, 0.23746134730574397, 0.08718386776136239, -0.2343420025834948, -0.010399551510081156, 0.10940628980776083] |
712.087 | Axi-symmetric Models of B[e] Supergiants: I. The Effective Temperature
and Mass-loss Dependence of the Hydrogen and Helium Ionization Structure | We calculate the hydrogen and helium ionization in B[e] envelopes and explore
their dependence on mass-loss and effective temperature. We also present
simulated observations of the Halpha emission line and the C IV 1550 doublet,
and study their behavior. This paper reports our first results in an ongoing
study of B[e] supergiants, and provides a glimpse on the ionization of the most
important elements in self-consistent numerical simulations.
Our newly developed 2D stellar atmosphere code, ASTAROTH, was used for the
numerical simulations. The code self-consistently solves for the continuum
radiation, non-LTE level populations, and electron temperature in axi-symmetric
stellar envelopes. Observed profiles were calculated by an auxiliary program
developed separately from ASTAROTH.
In all but one of our models, H remained fully ionized. Due to ionizations
from excited states it is much more difficult to get a H neutral disk than
indicated by previous analytical calculations. Near the poles, the ionization
is high in all models, while helium recombined in the equatorial regions for
all but our lowest mass-loss rate. Although the model parameters were not
adjusted to provide fits to any particular star, the theoretical profiles show
some features seen in the profiles of R126. These include the partially
resolved double peaked profile of Halpha, and the weak emission associated with
the UV C IV resonance line.
| astro-ph | we calculate the hydrogen and helium ionization in be envelopes and explore their dependence on massloss and effective temperature we also present simulated observations of the halpha emission line and the c iv 1550 doublet and study their behavior this paper reports our first results in an ongoing study of be supergiants and provides a glimpse on the ionization of the most important elements in selfconsistent numerical simulations our newly developed 2d stellar atmosphere code astaroth was used for the numerical simulations the code selfconsistently solves for the continuum radiation nonlte level populations and electron temperature in axisymmetric stellar envelopes observed profiles were calculated by an auxiliary program developed separately from astaroth in all but one of our models h remained fully ionized due to ionizations from excited states it is much more difficult to get a h neutral disk than indicated by previous analytical calculations near the poles the ionization is high in all models while helium recombined in the equatorial regions for all but our lowest massloss rate although the model parameters were not adjusted to provide fits to any particular star the theoretical profiles show some features seen in the profiles of r126 these include the partially resolved double peaked profile of halpha and the weak emission associated with the uv c iv resonance line | [['we', 'calculate', 'the', 'hydrogen', 'and', 'helium', 'ionization', 'in', 'be', 'envelopes', 'and', 'explore', 'their', 'dependence', 'on', 'massloss', 'and', 'effective', 'temperature', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'simulated', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'halpha', 'emission', 'line', 'and', 'the', 'c', 'iv', '1550', 'doublet', 'and', 'study', 'their', 'behavior', 'this', 'paper', 'reports', 'our', 'first', 'results', 'in', 'an', 'ongoing', 'study', 'of', 'be', 'supergiants', 'and', 'provides', 'a', 'glimpse', 'on', 'the', 'ionization', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'important', 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712.0871 | Balancing forward and feedback error correction for erasure channels
with unreliable feedback | The traditional information theoretic approach to studying feedback is to
consider ideal instantaneous high-rate feedback of the channel outputs to the
encoder. This was acceptable in classical work because the results were
negative: Shannon pointed out that even perfect feedback often does not improve
capacity and in the context of symmetric DMCs, Dobrushin showed that it does
not improve the fixed block-coding error exponents in the interesting high rate
regime. However, it has recently been shown that perfect feedback does allow
great improvements in the asymptotic tradeoff between end-to-end delay and
probability of error, even for symmetric channels at high rate. Since gains are
claimed with ideal instantaneous feedback, it is natural to wonder whether
these improvements remain if the feedback is unreliable or otherwise limited.
Here, packet-erasure channels are considered on both the forward and feedback
links. First, the feedback channel is considered as a given and a strategy is
given to balance forward and feedback error correction in the suitable
information-theoretic limit of long end-to-end delays. At high enough rates,
perfect-feedback performance is asymptotically attainable despite having only
unreliable feedback! Second, the results are interpreted in the zero- sum case
of "half-duplex" nodes where the allocation of bandwidth or time to the
feedback channel comes at the direct expense of the forward channel. It turns
out that even here, feedback is worthwhile since dramatically lower asymptotic
delays are possible by appropriately balancing forward and feedback error
correction.
The results easily generalize to channels with strictly positive
zero-undeclared-error capacities.
| cs.IT math.IT | the traditional information theoretic approach to studying feedback is to consider ideal instantaneous highrate feedback of the channel outputs to the encoder this was acceptable in classical work because the results were negative shannon pointed out that even perfect feedback often does not improve capacity and in the context of symmetric dmcs dobrushin showed that it does not improve the fixed blockcoding error exponents in the interesting high rate regime however it has recently been shown that perfect feedback does allow great improvements in the asymptotic tradeoff between endtoend delay and probability of error even for symmetric channels at high rate since gains are claimed with ideal instantaneous feedback it is natural to wonder whether these improvements remain if the feedback is unreliable or otherwise limited here packeterasure channels are considered on both the forward and feedback links first the feedback channel is considered as a given and a strategy is given to balance forward and feedback error correction in the suitable informationtheoretic limit of long endtoend delays at high enough rates perfectfeedback performance is asymptotically attainable despite having only unreliable feedback second the results are interpreted in the zero sum case of halfduplex nodes where the allocation of bandwidth or time to the feedback channel comes at the direct expense of the forward channel it turns out that even here feedback is worthwhile since dramatically lower asymptotic delays are possible by appropriately balancing forward and feedback error correction the results easily generalize to channels with strictly positive zeroundeclarederror capacities | [['the', 'traditional', 'information', 'theoretic', 'approach', 'to', 'studying', 'feedback', 'is', 'to', 'consider', 'ideal', 'instantaneous', 'highrate', 'feedback', 'of', 'the', 'channel', 'outputs', 'to', 'the', 'encoder', 'this', 'was', 'acceptable', 'in', 'classical', 'work', 'because', 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712.0872 | Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Disk Galaxy Formation: the
Magnetization of The Cold and Warm Medium | Using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) adaptive mesh refinement simulations, we
study the formation and early evolution of disk galaxies with a magnetized
interstellar medium. For a $10^{10}$ \msun halo with initial NFW dark matter
and gas profiles, we impose a uniform $10^{-9}$ G magnetic field and follow its
collapse, disk formation and evolution up to 1 Gyr. Comparing to a purely
hydrodynamic simulation with the same initial condition, we find that a
protogalactic field of this strength does not significantly influence the
global disk properties. At the same time, the initial magnetic fields are
quickly amplified by the differentially rotating turbulent disk. After the
initial rapid amplification lasting $\sim500$ Myr, subsequent field
amplification appears self-regulated. As a result, highly magnetized material
begin to form above and below the disk. Interestingly, the field strengths in
the self-regulated regime agrees well with the observed fields in the Milky Way
galaxy both in the warm and the cold HI phase and do not change appreciably
with time. Most of the cold phase shows a dispersion of order ten in the
magnetic field strength. The global azimuthal magnetic fields reverse at
different radii and the amplitude declines as a function of radius of the disk.
By comparing the estimated star formation rate (SFR) in hydrodynamic and MHD
simulations, we find that after the magnetic field strength saturates, magnetic
forces provide further support in the cold gas and lead to a decline of the
SFR.
| astro-ph | using magnetohydrodynamic mhd adaptive mesh refinement simulations we study the formation and early evolution of disk galaxies with a magnetized interstellar medium for a 1010 msun halo with initial nfw dark matter and gas profiles we impose a uniform 109 g magnetic field and follow its collapse disk formation and evolution up to 1 gyr comparing to a purely hydrodynamic simulation with the same initial condition we find that a protogalactic field of this strength does not significantly influence the global disk properties at the same time the initial magnetic fields are quickly amplified by the differentially rotating turbulent disk after the initial rapid amplification lasting sim500 myr subsequent field amplification appears selfregulated as a result highly magnetized material begin to form above and below the disk interestingly the field strengths in the selfregulated regime agrees well with the observed fields in the milky way galaxy both in the warm and the cold hi phase and do not change appreciably with time most of the cold phase shows a dispersion of order ten in the magnetic field strength the global azimuthal magnetic fields reverse at different radii and the amplitude declines as a function of radius of the disk by comparing the estimated star formation rate sfr in hydrodynamic and mhd simulations we find that after the magnetic field strength saturates magnetic forces provide further support in the cold gas and lead to a decline of the sfr | [['using', 'magnetohydrodynamic', 'mhd', 'adaptive', 'mesh', 'refinement', 'simulations', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'formation', 'and', 'early', 'evolution', 'of', 'disk', 'galaxies', 'with', 'a', 'magnetized', 'interstellar', 'medium', 'for', 'a', '1010', 'msun', 'halo', 'with', 'initial', 'nfw', 'dark', 'matter', 'and', 'gas', 'profiles', 'we', 'impose', 'a', 'uniform', '109', 'g', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'follow', 'its', 'collapse', 'disk', 'formation', 'and', 'evolution', 'up', 'to', '1', 'gyr', 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712.0873 | The price of ignorance: The impact of side-information on delay for
lossless source-coding | Inspired by the context of compressing encrypted sources, this paper
considers the general tradeoff between rate, end-to-end delay, and probability
of error for lossless source coding with side-information. The notion of
end-to-end delay is made precise by considering a sequential setting in which
source symbols are revealed in real time and need to be reconstructed at the
decoder within a certain fixed latency requirement. Upper bounds are derived on
the reliability functions with delay when side-information is known only to the
decoder as well as when it is also known at the encoder.
When the encoder is not ignorant of the side-information (including the
trivial case when there is no side-information), it is possible to have
substantially better tradeoffs between delay and probability of error at all
rates. This shows that there is a fundamental price of ignorance in terms of
end-to-end delay when the encoder is not aware of the side information. This
effect is not visible if only fixed-block-length codes are considered. In this
way, side-information in source-coding plays a role analogous to that of
feedback in channel coding.
While the theorems in this paper are asymptotic in terms of long delays and
low probabilities of error, an example is used to show that the qualitative
effects described here are significant even at short and moderate delays.
| cs.IT math.IT | inspired by the context of compressing encrypted sources this paper considers the general tradeoff between rate endtoend delay and probability of error for lossless source coding with sideinformation the notion of endtoend delay is made precise by considering a sequential setting in which source symbols are revealed in real time and need to be reconstructed at the decoder within a certain fixed latency requirement upper bounds are derived on the reliability functions with delay when sideinformation is known only to the decoder as well as when it is also known at the encoder when the encoder is not ignorant of the sideinformation including the trivial case when there is no sideinformation it is possible to have substantially better tradeoffs between delay and probability of error at all rates this shows that there is a fundamental price of ignorance in terms of endtoend delay when the encoder is not aware of the side information this effect is not visible if only fixedblocklength codes are considered in this way sideinformation in sourcecoding plays a role analogous to that of feedback in channel coding while the theorems in this paper are asymptotic in terms of long delays and low probabilities of error an example is used to show that the qualitative effects described here are significant even at short and moderate delays | [['inspired', 'by', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'compressing', 'encrypted', 'sources', 'this', 'paper', 'considers', 'the', 'general', 'tradeoff', 'between', 'rate', 'endtoend', 'delay', 'and', 'probability', 'of', 'error', 'for', 'lossless', 'source', 'coding', 'with', 'sideinformation', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'endtoend', 'delay', 'is', 'made', 'precise', 'by', 'considering', 'a', 'sequential', 'setting', 'in', 'which', 'source', 'symbols', 'are', 'revealed', 'in', 'real', 'time', 'and', 'need', 'to', 'be', 'reconstructed', 'at', 'the', 'decoder', 'within', 'a', 'certain', 'fixed', 'latency', 'requirement', 'upper', 'bounds', 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712.0874 | Discovery of Extended X-Ray emission from the unidentified TeV source
HESS J1614-518 using the Suzaku Satellite | We report the Suzaku results of HESS J1614-518, which is the brightest
extended TeV gamma-ray source discovered in the Galactic plane survey conducted
using the H.E.S.S. telescope. We discovered three X-ray objects in the field of
view of the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS), which were designated as Suzaku
J1614-5141 (src A), Suzaku J1614-5152 (src B), and Suzaku J1614-5148 (src C).
Src A is an extended source located at the peak position of HESS J1614-518, and
therefore it is a plausible counterpart to HESS J1614-518. The X-ray flux in
the 2-10 keV band is 5e-13 erg/s/cm^2, which is an order of magnitude smaller
than the TeV flux. The photon index is 1.7, which is smaller than the canonical
value of synchrotron emissions from high-energy electrons found in some
supernova remnants. These findings present a challenge to models in which the
origin of the TeV emission is the inverse Compton scattering of the cosmic
microwave background by accelerated electrons that emit X-rays via synchrotron
emission. Src B is located at a relatively dim region in the TeV band image;
however, its hydrogen column density is the same as that of src A. Therefore,
src B may also be physically related to HESS J1614-518. Src C is a foreground
late-type B star. We also discovered a soft extended X-ray emission near HESS
J1614-518.
| astro-ph | we report the suzaku results of hess j1614518 which is the brightest extended tev gammaray source discovered in the galactic plane survey conducted using the hess telescope we discovered three xray objects in the field of view of the xray imaging spectrometer xis which were designated as suzaku j16145141 src a suzaku j16145152 src b and suzaku j16145148 src c src a is an extended source located at the peak position of hess j1614518 and therefore it is a plausible counterpart to hess j1614518 the xray flux in the 210 kev band is 5e13 ergscm2 which is an order of magnitude smaller than the tev flux the photon index is 17 which is smaller than the canonical value of synchrotron emissions from highenergy electrons found in some supernova remnants these findings present a challenge to models in which the origin of the tev emission is the inverse compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background by accelerated electrons that emit xrays via synchrotron emission src b is located at a relatively dim region in the tev band image however its hydrogen column density is the same as that of src a therefore src b may also be physically related to hess j1614518 src c is a foreground latetype b star we also discovered a soft extended xray emission near hess j1614518 | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'suzaku', 'results', 'of', 'hess', 'j1614518', 'which', 'is', 'the', 'brightest', 'extended', 'tev', 'gammaray', 'source', 'discovered', 'in', 'the', 'galactic', 'plane', 'survey', 'conducted', 'using', 'the', 'hess', 'telescope', 'we', 'discovered', 'three', 'xray', 'objects', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'view', 'of', 'the', 'xray', 'imaging', 'spectrometer', 'xis', 'which', 'were', 'designated', 'as', 'suzaku', 'j16145141', 'src', 'a', 'suzaku', 'j16145152', 'src', 'b', 'and', 'suzaku', 'j16145148', 'src', 'c', 'src', 'a', 'is', 'an', 'extended', 'source', 'located', 'at', 'the', 'peak', 'position', 'of', 'hess', 'j1614518', 'and', 'therefore', 'it', 'is', 'a', 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712.0875 | Boundary layers and the vanishing viscosity limit for incompressible 2D
flow | This manuscript is a survey on results related to boundary layers and the
vanishing viscosity limit for incompressible flow. It is the lecture notes for
a 10 hour minicourse given at the Morningside Center, Academia Sinica, Beijing,
PRC from 11/28 to 12/07, 2007. The main topics covered are: a derivation of
Prandtl's boundary layer equation; an outline of the rigorous theory of
Prandtl's equation, without proofs; Kato's criterion for the vanishing
viscosity limit; the vanishing viscosity limit with Navier friction condition;
rigorous boundary layer theory for the Navier friction condition and boundary
layers for flows in a rotating cylinder.
| math.AP | this manuscript is a survey on results related to boundary layers and the vanishing viscosity limit for incompressible flow it is the lecture notes for a 10 hour minicourse given at the morningside center academia sinica beijing prc from 1128 to 1207 2007 the main topics covered are a derivation of prandtls boundary layer equation an outline of the rigorous theory of prandtls equation without proofs katos criterion for the vanishing viscosity limit the vanishing viscosity limit with navier friction condition rigorous boundary layer theory for the navier friction condition and boundary layers for flows in a rotating cylinder | [['this', 'manuscript', 'is', 'a', 'survey', 'on', 'results', 'related', 'to', 'boundary', 'layers', 'and', 'the', 'vanishing', 'viscosity', 'limit', 'for', 'incompressible', 'flow', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'lecture', 'notes', 'for', 'a', '10', 'hour', 'minicourse', 'given', 'at', 'the', 'morningside', 'center', 'academia', 'sinica', 'beijing', 'prc', 'from', '1128', 'to', '1207', '2007', 'the', 'main', 'topics', 'covered', 'are', 'a', 'derivation', 'of', 'prandtls', 'boundary', 'layer', 'equation', 'an', 'outline', 'of', 'the', 'rigorous', 'theory', 'of', 'prandtls', 'equation', 'without', 'proofs', 'katos', 'criterion', 'for', 'the', 'vanishing', 'viscosity', 'limit', 'the', 'vanishing', 'viscosity', 'limit', 'with', 'navier', 'friction', 'condition', 'rigorous', 'boundary', 'layer', 'theory', 'for', 'the', 'navier', 'friction', 'condition', 'and', 'boundary', 'layers', 'for', 'flows', 'in', 'a', 'rotating', 'cylinder']] | [-0.1661094132572121, 0.10077725776198974, -0.11607530954378573, 0.0026465596718186833, -0.11324652623046529, -0.1580752618422713, 0.0036155713470464555, 0.21433523528729426, -0.25453252968086737, -0.2547239753079008, 0.17880441511233308, -0.3121508232252014, -0.07726259894593797, 0.16515105377619316, -0.12069194913945264, 0.08312920741548743, 0.10938468388272356, -0.043469966925454864, -0.047417049286792974, -0.22968234525137401, 0.33053510473344966, -0.002507459678019237, 0.2903009459207004, 0.11383826507142547, 0.10615440011205271, -0.05817338354377584, 0.0023648339333106772, 0.004028751006857915, -0.26621299173043234, 0.04305078612907726, 0.24847017095490087, -0.04426363937914221, 0.2702267833825464, -0.4590793707304531, -0.21509191883031767, -0.05020049821604231, 0.0831987227012187, 0.062163459155896696, 0.04206207225621311, -0.2797904162281992, 0.08151245226312165, -0.14287401087619742, -0.20071675542817272, 0.03812113027041308, 0.07126938844701708, -0.02875001105065975, -0.2625093364316707, 0.1392536095879746, 0.11070377198330154, 0.1364150497864819, -0.15071357619675874, -0.12114395886057555, -0.033152419645715546, 0.08696251623144355, 0.06685145139562512, 0.046818596056916496, 0.11971875443828828, -0.1734974444773274, 0.01244846624181126, 0.3146010026185199, -0.07186197321109399, -0.2117594676844851, 0.18268649681762913, -0.10812720684616854, -0.08874643706914151, 0.11964340260689796, 0.17301411070682185, 0.13958542766708015, -0.1649944263256409, 0.0680790649752857, -0.08827348717566547, 0.14850360482479585, 0.13829210180920934, -0.10838663328740031, 0.17144115463915197, 0.13482273150837482, 0.09123792648409502, 0.11773746854136463, -0.053280828156122804, -0.11244972639086873, -0.41312293384713356, -0.17993343226385838, -0.14831451923736946, 0.07759771598597066, -0.0901487584674444, -0.18807574756669276, 0.3049127195086895, 0.1275823736949024, 0.11560952159895967, 0.07022782715362016, 0.24913773446748352, 0.15457282110465445, -0.024713580604793145, 0.11092992646224571, 0.24021534055396163, 0.23685118385750537, 0.22329088702393377, -0.12513787009414623, -0.007660079742734781, 0.23402452879971025] |
712.0876 | Gauge fixing and BRST formalism in non-Abelian gauge theories | In this Thesis we present a comprehensive study of perturbative and
non-perturbative non-Abelian gauge theories in the light of gauge-fixing
procedures, focusing our attention on the BRST formalism in Yang-Mills theory.
We propose first a model to re-write the Faddeev-Popov quantisation method in
terms of group-theoretical techniques and then we give a possible way to solve
the no-go theorem of Neuberger for lattice Yang-Mills theory with double BRST
symmetry. In the final part we present a study of the Batalin-Vilkovisky
quantisation method for non-linear gauges in non-Abelian gauge theories.
| hep-th | in this thesis we present a comprehensive study of perturbative and nonperturbative nonabelian gauge theories in the light of gaugefixing procedures focusing our attention on the brst formalism in yangmills theory we propose first a model to rewrite the faddeevpopov quantisation method in terms of grouptheoretical techniques and then we give a possible way to solve the nogo theorem of neuberger for lattice yangmills theory with double brst symmetry in the final part we present a study of the batalinvilkovisky quantisation method for nonlinear gauges in nonabelian gauge theories | [['in', 'this', 'thesis', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'comprehensive', 'study', 'of', 'perturbative', 'and', 'nonperturbative', 'nonabelian', 'gauge', 'theories', 'in', 'the', 'light', 'of', 'gaugefixing', 'procedures', 'focusing', 'our', 'attention', 'on', 'the', 'brst', 'formalism', 'in', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'we', 'propose', 'first', 'a', 'model', 'to', 'rewrite', 'the', 'faddeevpopov', 'quantisation', 'method', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'grouptheoretical', 'techniques', 'and', 'then', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'possible', 'way', 'to', 'solve', 'the', 'nogo', 'theorem', 'of', 'neuberger', 'for', 'lattice', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'with', 'double', 'brst', 'symmetry', 'in', 'the', 'final', 'part', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'batalinvilkovisky', 'quantisation', 'method', 'for', 'nonlinear', 'gauges', 'in', 'nonabelian', 'gauge', 'theories']] | [-0.11313384730013067, 0.12498299007335406, -0.16555537639206716, 0.08892965806109224, -0.11957479691070118, -0.11156587480054644, 0.047416066826750224, 0.3372638332337047, -0.179081245649899, -0.2501359155736445, 0.022428685257713615, -0.19345601120691622, -0.2266043455162075, 0.05900780709847557, -0.12638354165416754, 0.04457331042255411, 0.029890659035005596, 0.023348421569955483, -0.1394179554170866, -0.27479424148672416, 0.34255456053808836, -0.037790990240997475, 0.27120684818207713, 0.07962481723051895, 0.10076641257370958, 0.08041918882969348, -0.06709627579541856, -0.03538819126198801, -0.13357582023750542, 0.13035844539532834, 0.24133089784888573, 0.05119392781235864, 0.20108522500926523, -0.4336520397847288, -0.20467861872061752, 0.020813124756632228, 0.13573454734293766, 0.21724277986946067, -0.021969028943469433, -0.30281169888343706, 0.06085576079367252, -0.21003307069369245, -0.16120106062794293, -0.17256514060447056, -0.04912785118382968, -0.15879841806534467, -0.2105531313069416, 0.0828266321090207, 0.015530104989583573, 0.06549776362234287, -0.06277462826999888, -0.048404586354919364, -0.0025492379038981844, 0.0023779698511522808, 0.11089451355582333, 0.055297362686166265, 0.07078866055889285, -0.19476683928338245, -0.2009905450140241, 0.4260357688233424, -0.06267911019954789, -0.2342423761833794, 0.08576134158549516, -0.0969701144436186, -0.28823045394226404, 0.02423242611151314, 0.11622426361944317, 0.23859285850998727, -0.16270740037742124, 0.22586701641753945, -0.040488799275265316, 0.08397373966637245, 0.05241949350855658, 0.04235697691224181, 0.17862643593637106, 0.1252886632855019, 0.0403569437762241, 0.1557110946029006, 0.028380335546674185, -0.13623421928084067, -0.49000569709231345, -0.15430960197789298, -0.0802021034773481, 0.09501716266961747, -0.047078386627679186, -0.18860769873547756, 0.4298727748434195, 0.22991152633023396, 0.08495548057757067, 0.07229771814570668, 0.25862494307789907, 0.1411210096328718, 0.07025801952407706, -0.028456935266639744, 0.21465986039557525, 0.24594721256682042, 0.08487280334209961, -0.26904136864756223, -0.21243404230270324, 0.25234344890445803] |
712.0877 | Suzaku Spectroscopy of an X-Ray Reflection Nebula and a New Supernova
Remnant Candidate in the Sgr B1 Region | We made a 100 ks observation of the Sagittarius (Sgr) B1 region at (l, b) =
(0.5, -0.1) near to the Galactic center (GC) with the Suzaku/XIS. Emission
lines of S XV, Fe I, Fe XXV, and Fe XXVI were clearly detected in the spectrum.
We found that the Fe XXV and Fe XXVI line emissions smoothly distribute over
the Sgr B1 and B2 regions connecting from the GC. This result suggests that the
GC hot plasma extends at least up to the Sgr B region with a constant
temperature. There are two diffuse X-ray sources in the observed region. One of
the two (G0.42-0.04) is newly discovered, and exhibits a strong S XV Ka
emission line, suggesting a candidate for a supernova remnant located in the GC
region. The other one (M0.51-0.10), having a prominent Fe I Ka emission line
and a strongly absorbed continuum, is likely to be an X-ray reflection nebula.
There is no near source bright enough to irradiate M0.51-0.10. However, the Fe
I Ka emission can be explained if Sgr A* was ~ 10^6 times brighter 300 years
ago, the light travel time for 100 pc to M0.51-0.10, than it is at present.
| astro-ph | we made a 100 ks observation of the sagittarius sgr b1 region at l b 05 01 near to the galactic center gc with the suzakuxis emission lines of s xv fe i fe xxv and fe xxvi were clearly detected in the spectrum we found that the fe xxv and fe xxvi line emissions smoothly distribute over the sgr b1 and b2 regions connecting from the gc this result suggests that the gc hot plasma extends at least up to the sgr b region with a constant temperature there are two diffuse xray sources in the observed region one of the two g042004 is newly discovered and exhibits a strong s xv ka emission line suggesting a candidate for a supernova remnant located in the gc region the other one m051010 having a prominent fe i ka emission line and a strongly absorbed continuum is likely to be an xray reflection nebula there is no near source bright enough to irradiate m051010 however the fe i ka emission can be explained if sgr a was 106 times brighter 300 years ago the light travel time for 100 pc to m051010 than it is at present | [['we', 'made', 'a', '100', 'ks', 'observation', 'of', 'the', 'sagittarius', 'sgr', 'b1', 'region', 'at', 'l', 'b', '05', '01', 'near', 'to', 'the', 'galactic', 'center', 'gc', 'with', 'the', 'suzakuxis', 'emission', 'lines', 'of', 's', 'xv', 'fe', 'i', 'fe', 'xxv', 'and', 'fe', 'xxvi', 'were', 'clearly', 'detected', 'in', 'the', 'spectrum', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'fe', 'xxv', 'and', 'fe', 'xxvi', 'line', 'emissions', 'smoothly', 'distribute', 'over', 'the', 'sgr', 'b1', 'and', 'b2', 'regions', 'connecting', 'from', 'the', 'gc', 'this', 'result', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'gc', 'hot', 'plasma', 'extends', 'at', 'least', 'up', 'to', 'the', 'sgr', 'b', 'region', 'with', 'a', 'constant', 'temperature', 'there', 'are', 'two', 'diffuse', 'xray', 'sources', 'in', 'the', 'observed', 'region', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'g042004', 'is', 'newly', 'discovered', 'and', 'exhibits', 'a', 'strong', 's', 'xv', 'ka', 'emission', 'line', 'suggesting', 'a', 'candidate', 'for', 'a', 'supernova', 'remnant', 'located', 'in', 'the', 'gc', 'region', 'the', 'other', 'one', 'm051010', 'having', 'a', 'prominent', 'fe', 'i', 'ka', 'emission', 'line', 'and', 'a', 'strongly', 'absorbed', 'continuum', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'an', 'xray', 'reflection', 'nebula', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'near', 'source', 'bright', 'enough', 'to', 'irradiate', 'm051010', 'however', 'the', 'fe', 'i', 'ka', 'emission', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'if', 'sgr', 'a', 'was', '106', 'times', 'brighter', '300', 'years', 'ago', 'the', 'light', 'travel', 'time', 'for', '100', 'pc', 'to', 'm051010', 'than', 'it', 'is', 'at', 'present']] | [-0.0577234062903489, 0.08411821704902626, 0.022777326001475254, 0.06893740347646272, -0.069216473114032, -0.16551948343045436, 0.07212194335551407, 0.49674351108379855, -0.19849596906883213, -0.29304546860452646, 0.029885742070678716, -0.3831664260381307, 0.06510199507555137, 0.14638498454557683, 0.044652182278700936, -0.14909501913457346, 0.018330779755547737, -0.057818577233224346, -0.03192519825668289, -0.1710531208676119, 0.21051519498921548, 0.03755904279338817, 0.14552031682792288, 0.04495546787929459, 0.019844685540271877, -0.132310989093131, -0.0058510749588887665, 0.0035539009059086823, -0.08131255461082149, 0.04816766884894325, 0.24089096057063075, 0.11815717045086412, 0.18850986991011992, -0.3292982431462942, -0.21718833930700873, 0.04380563455395019, 0.18618503907570041, -0.016654329042499645, -0.025452410362851924, -0.2725865836231372, 0.08341127523483756, -0.1381878838253518, -0.21354065674524278, 0.1560844281491322, 0.11434617330057499, -0.017785726158688658, -0.2100604163458905, 0.09492262372364983, 0.032830110259163076, 0.0870152402730384, -0.07162666158893934, -0.10650038089221105, -0.0623494479781351, -0.029743727629717727, 0.02546613345830104, 0.13019173779787543, 0.18072475736053326, -0.022037086091362512, -0.041704464562905906, 0.40005527974512334, -0.08649857940440714, 0.09184725414483975, 0.2215626667599934, -0.25636513188409693, -0.19539443756429814, 0.28984421416161915, 0.03783291167122885, 0.1258881420112, -0.12975920194234603, 0.036464068294466974, -0.046164723915549426, 0.21582561859096855, 0.06419239237498588, 0.025110665410167526, 0.30515135627848883, 0.06577334761535987, 0.025076023761469585, 0.09897909143832154, -0.31659654732315967, -0.007626720236685987, -0.26887036777364137, -0.12105949596675017, -0.1209251537369803, 0.09171653246202578, -0.09514382338973705, -0.1072731005506984, 0.32550323120533275, 0.060826991270266424, 0.2507855450806136, -0.07463412213330277, 0.23959306243759318, 0.0988767717153025, 0.07840767869284042, 0.2027729383072792, 0.30236680628970647, 0.1663741793507376, 0.14077594007950467, -0.20122774510035435, 0.07155629512495719, -0.022569501595810438] |
712.0878 | Friedel oscillations of screening in nanotubes | In 3D and 2D electronic systems the singular contribution to the static
permittivity $\epsilon$ (Kohn singularity) is a small correction to the regular
part of $\epsilon$ but it results in the leading term in asymptotic behavior of
the screened potential (Friedel oscillations). In the present letter we show
that for nanotubes quite different results are valid: $\epsilon$ becomes
infinitely large at the singular point and the Friedel oscillations do not play
the dominant role in the screening at the large distances. Moreover, the zero
and highest cylindrical harmonics of the effective potential are screened by
quite different mechanisms.
| cond-mat.other | in 3d and 2d electronic systems the singular contribution to the static permittivity epsilon kohn singularity is a small correction to the regular part of epsilon but it results in the leading term in asymptotic behavior of the screened potential friedel oscillations in the present letter we show that for nanotubes quite different results are valid epsilon becomes infinitely large at the singular point and the friedel oscillations do not play the dominant role in the screening at the large distances moreover the zero and highest cylindrical harmonics of the effective potential are screened by quite different mechanisms | [['in', '3d', 'and', '2d', 'electronic', 'systems', 'the', 'singular', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'static', 'permittivity', 'epsilon', 'kohn', 'singularity', 'is', 'a', 'small', 'correction', 'to', 'the', 'regular', 'part', 'of', 'epsilon', 'but', 'it', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'leading', 'term', 'in', 'asymptotic', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'screened', 'potential', 'friedel', 'oscillations', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'letter', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'for', 'nanotubes', 'quite', 'different', 'results', 'are', 'valid', 'epsilon', 'becomes', 'infinitely', 'large', 'at', 'the', 'singular', 'point', 'and', 'the', 'friedel', 'oscillations', 'do', 'not', 'play', 'the', 'dominant', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'screening', 'at', 'the', 'large', 'distances', 'moreover', 'the', 'zero', 'and', 'highest', 'cylindrical', 'harmonics', 'of', 'the', 'effective', 'potential', 'are', 'screened', 'by', 'quite', 'different', 'mechanisms']] | [-0.1839246077686358, 0.1380941837726693, -0.07772539931406476, 0.09843262350210463, -0.025227438805776894, -0.1399972237294958, 0.018832753229487156, 0.3175174270243365, -0.2510338423165436, -0.2354468216511364, 0.036920143527748556, -0.3355962417411561, -0.18497779890324692, 0.16042337019818512, 0.006973057386598417, 0.016012128309479783, 0.037649072112743646, 0.015797183649348363, -0.05137736974426602, -0.19746126245935353, 0.33144413381434823, 0.05851558676673746, 0.2758421825188003, 0.12009038074459995, 0.019837017924814696, -0.023360091294827207, 0.02985315383126845, 0.05797459716357443, -0.09782343912860486, 0.04306455913512987, 0.2625103289527552, -0.06601441689595884, 0.25943345082353575, -0.4287836132666134, -0.16360979157556987, 0.06412767099064527, 0.17095963705606682, 0.15420790135442297, -0.044579238526295036, -0.21056873579889687, 0.10430136311571209, -0.1414798356364576, -0.18976516386360995, -0.10109691106125104, 0.06470705490863445, 0.0001675526074570965, -0.2631353718247645, 0.13979831474627682, 0.08773935469561162, 0.014727580375323186, -0.0951777166112003, -0.1554608992443477, 0.01786167993761447, 0.15023799489575382, 0.0864206901680184, 0.008845182470692207, 0.11889659909398428, -0.15167599645139154, -0.014563640584332906, 0.38408881564130437, -0.09194674284900634, -0.18653094363208783, 0.18184399220864383, -0.20722367981809894, -0.07347512160598928, 0.15482358540151725, 0.1174323963314979, 0.14710516371818885, -0.12001127820956159, 0.13586673665404492, 0.04285053101995466, 0.09388566781601593, 0.09265042601951531, 0.044710056157782674, 0.2200575361921623, 0.10354807592657565, 0.04303098602305946, 0.0877768548861222, -0.10990247718172566, -0.08775059459730983, -0.32377651316702977, -0.08119679124531698, -0.21792228264753155, 0.03310860133042668, -0.11874750897015697, -0.23914594542026063, 0.3855207423888603, 0.12333687938445685, 0.20077081191904692, 0.019980826999573986, 0.25766036267943526, 0.11222162093831778, 0.1062628975261611, 0.04241244078195673, 0.3045711439787125, 0.0719435648370192, 0.13245928957012995, -0.26391399166622787, 0.030332182899915745, 0.04969241704829797] |
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