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712.1779 | Neutrino oscillations in a stochastic model for space-time foam | We study decoherence models for flavour oscillations in four-dimensional
stochastically fluctuating space times and discuss briefly the sensitivity of
current neutrino experiments to such models. We pay emphasis on demonstrating
the model dependence of the associated decoherence-induced damping coefficients
in front of the oscillatory terms in the respective transition probabilities
between flavours. Within the context of specific models of foam, involving
point-like D-branes and leading to decoherence-induced damping which is
inversely proportional to the neutrino energies, we also argue that future
limits on the relevant decoherence parameters coming from TeV astrophysical
neutrinos, to be observed in ICE-CUBE, are not far from theoretically expected
values with Planck mass suppression. Ultra high energy neutrinos from Gamma Ray
Bursts at cosmological distances can also exhibit in principle sensitivity to
such effects.
| hep-ph astro-ph hep-th | we study decoherence models for flavour oscillations in fourdimensional stochastically fluctuating space times and discuss briefly the sensitivity of current neutrino experiments to such models we pay emphasis on demonstrating the model dependence of the associated decoherenceinduced damping coefficients in front of the oscillatory terms in the respective transition probabilities between flavours within the context of specific models of foam involving pointlike dbranes and leading to decoherenceinduced damping which is inversely proportional to the neutrino energies we also argue that future limits on the relevant decoherence parameters coming from tev astrophysical neutrinos to be observed in icecube are not far from theoretically expected values with planck mass suppression ultra high energy neutrinos from gamma ray bursts at cosmological distances can also exhibit in principle sensitivity to such effects | [['we', 'study', 'decoherence', 'models', 'for', 'flavour', 'oscillations', 'in', 'fourdimensional', 'stochastically', 'fluctuating', 'space', 'times', 'and', 'discuss', 'briefly', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'of', 'current', 'neutrino', 'experiments', 'to', 'such', 'models', 'we', 'pay', 'emphasis', 'on', 'demonstrating', 'the', 'model', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'associated', 'decoherenceinduced', 'damping', 'coefficients', 'in', 'front', 'of', 'the', 'oscillatory', 'terms', 'in', 'the', 'respective', 'transition', 'probabilities', 'between', 'flavours', 'within', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'specific', 'models', 'of', 'foam', 'involving', 'pointlike', 'dbranes', 'and', 'leading', 'to', 'decoherenceinduced', 'damping', 'which', 'is', 'inversely', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'neutrino', 'energies', 'we', 'also', 'argue', 'that', 'future', 'limits', 'on', 'the', 'relevant', 'decoherence', 'parameters', 'coming', 'from', 'tev', 'astrophysical', 'neutrinos', 'to', 'be', 'observed', 'in', 'icecube', 'are', 'not', 'far', 'from', 'theoretically', 'expected', 'values', 'with', 'planck', 'mass', 'suppression', 'ultra', 'high', 'energy', 'neutrinos', 'from', 'gamma', 'ray', 'bursts', 'at', 'cosmological', 'distances', 'can', 'also', 'exhibit', 'in', 'principle', 'sensitivity', 'to', 'such', 'effects']] | [-0.08162188898495515, 0.2657735109460191, -0.01440741537953727, 0.17572392734746245, -0.05723593634320423, -0.09822335172793828, 0.03582276035740506, 0.35492401672672713, -0.23235294950791285, -0.3025159709977743, 0.05277966518042376, -0.3137158968602307, -0.07277086696558399, 0.22419890860146552, 0.008191414808607078, 0.022639625715896727, 0.03646335034864023, 0.029704708904318977, -0.08093753906541679, -0.19912800251404406, 0.30652967989408353, 0.15234133330886834, 0.2569689934607595, 0.07254019067841, 0.07972570512720267, -0.07755826499669638, -0.04819110832977458, -0.024516124653246152, -0.14471202133898942, 0.009775293685379438, 0.2254376482489704, 0.052276783466368215, 0.12613912665983662, -0.4408420898780605, -0.22120869964419398, 0.15402750428256695, 0.12637375663689454, 0.12276908642070339, -0.01781617739925423, -0.30713260860648006, 0.014137386986021738, -0.17889914444185706, -0.13694496640800935, -0.02238015254988568, 0.001885743549792096, 0.019785860566116753, -0.24280972588530858, 0.12568941950712542, -0.04267523506860016, -0.016137056729348842, -0.06537973582817358, -0.12924176720480318, 0.006860258141387021, 0.05533402108903829, 0.159740044317914, -0.018288907182068215, 0.15002689211178222, -0.169900084798428, -0.13039654745807638, 0.39632022166915704, -0.0982223493156198, -0.18177944354829378, 0.17908227908264962, -0.21707420611164707, -0.14560134352723253, 0.12847082237203722, 0.20090636959503172, 0.042859518066961755, -0.14871464864336303, 0.10325243295574182, 0.03187065109523246, 0.12896058140177047, 0.06951028341063648, 0.10710124757679296, 0.2854466211065301, 0.17882244859356433, 0.04237370054033818, 0.05243958021674189, -0.1323579991862971, -0.06812999015528476, -0.37163433727255324, -0.04276384160039015, -0.11969493886135751, 0.1161083348762304, -0.0874647592479505, -0.10357205470791087, 0.38312797492471873, 0.19494757637778548, 0.21329934426103137, 0.020056215083059215, 0.2498891064642521, 0.10500556053375476, 0.04650292404767242, 0.038251786565524526, 0.31620523173114634, 0.12527738085918827, 0.08708109944564058, -0.2771859982658498, 0.02790744375738541, 0.04156859128852375] |
712.178 | Conformal symbols and the action of contact vector fields over the
superline | Let K be the Lie superalgebra of contact vector fields on the supersymmetric
line. We compute the action of K on the modules of differential and
pseudodifferential operators between spaces of tensor densities, in terms of
their conformal symbols. As applications we deduce the geometric subsymbols,
1-cohomology, and various uniserial subquotients of these modules. We also
outline the computation of the K-equivalences and symmetries of their
subquotients.
| math.RT math-ph math.MP | let k be the lie superalgebra of contact vector fields on the supersymmetric line we compute the action of k on the modules of differential and pseudodifferential operators between spaces of tensor densities in terms of their conformal symbols as applications we deduce the geometric subsymbols 1cohomology and various uniserial subquotients of these modules we also outline the computation of the kequivalences and symmetries of their subquotients | [['let', 'k', 'be', 'the', 'lie', 'superalgebra', 'of', 'contact', 'vector', 'fields', 'on', 'the', 'supersymmetric', 'line', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'action', 'of', 'k', 'on', 'the', 'modules', 'of', 'differential', 'and', 'pseudodifferential', 'operators', 'between', 'spaces', 'of', 'tensor', 'densities', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'their', 'conformal', 'symbols', 'as', 'applications', 'we', 'deduce', 'the', 'geometric', 'subsymbols', '1cohomology', 'and', 'various', 'uniserial', 'subquotients', 'of', 'these', 'modules', 'we', 'also', 'outline', 'the', 'computation', 'of', 'the', 'kequivalences', 'and', 'symmetries', 'of', 'their', 'subquotients']] | [-0.2142961758301791, 0.09415104695962685, -0.03814682202187903, 0.04522756901992993, -0.10301694104970066, -0.09491330671660377, -0.017714887829215237, 0.3723958410096891, -0.3208789765609033, -0.2268338446138483, 0.1257115661776907, -0.24595724288938622, -0.14635816848639285, 0.17347093696959995, -0.08548477120568736, -0.008867865117887655, 0.01368941190991212, 0.14470989894912098, -0.16837401175871491, -0.27458224995908415, 0.4419007586936156, -0.02306613343711378, 0.19175272120275733, 0.04652550637503296, 0.13705818699390598, 0.01835161603451001, -0.051444024475517144, -0.06438100988849658, -0.14922373218348983, 0.19616085470117856, 0.32988634555967467, 0.06868262404124394, 0.13200517179387988, -0.4027868878435005, -0.13544994845252598, 0.166944393041459, 0.1357815267525218, 0.007359210747491681, 0.06392927122589864, -0.3137641083731344, 0.10464617881613474, -0.1769950261734652, -0.09128998599551393, -0.1256963008887727, 0.05634280423295091, 0.02656190526304823, -0.2106618651146577, 0.009417892874229106, 0.0790207624862281, 0.1638862625695765, -0.11535223711028018, -0.146685383575404, -0.08299642197512598, 0.1269623199407237, 0.005393016645967057, -0.0622386372521181, 0.1682952880563045, -0.14540402560184398, -0.17135177928051262, 0.3557284880768169, -0.06168200947682966, -0.23203231298336477, 0.13005066052022757, -0.1665628457011542, -0.13940992285356377, 0.05926041333992599, 0.14251169512951464, 0.17681482664986767, -0.05224353313502489, 0.21543181269292042, -0.04525866394749645, -0.011746229660330397, 0.0866330091023084, 0.08240890054201538, 0.1558555434599067, 0.023680410573654102, 0.06332856522534382, 0.13361400767109555, 0.009833801206144872, -0.00447062660047474, -0.4217900050183137, -0.24372840182375954, -0.09483449605547568, 0.09556008013896644, -0.16058840572937202, -0.1656171541915021, 0.43309638293629343, 0.1054182629280452, 0.21363575959130135, 0.13559901181989434, 0.16869630856495915, 0.10532151633753639, 0.1299871391207544, 0.009729702822920499, 0.11348170084370808, 0.3203213888813149, 0.02581848499231097, -0.17837782396765595, -0.09044977514581247, 0.19002142374996434] |
712.1781 | Homogenization of variational problems in manifold valued Sobolev spaces | Homogenization of integral functionals is studied under the constraint that
admissible maps have to take their values into a given smooth manifold. The
notion of tangential homogenization is defined by analogy with the tangential
quasiconvexity introduced by Dacorogna, Fonseca, Maly and Trivisa \cite{DFMT}.
For energies with superlinear or linear growth, a $\Gamma$-convergence result
is established in Sobolev spaces, the homogenization problem in the space of
functions of bounded variation being the object of \cite{BM}.
| math.AP | homogenization of integral functionals is studied under the constraint that admissible maps have to take their values into a given smooth manifold the notion of tangential homogenization is defined by analogy with the tangential quasiconvexity introduced by dacorogna fonseca maly and trivisa citedfmt for energies with superlinear or linear growth a gammaconvergence result is established in sobolev spaces the homogenization problem in the space of functions of bounded variation being the object of citebm | [['homogenization', 'of', 'integral', 'functionals', 'is', 'studied', 'under', 'the', 'constraint', 'that', 'admissible', 'maps', 'have', 'to', 'take', 'their', 'values', 'into', 'a', 'given', 'smooth', 'manifold', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'tangential', 'homogenization', 'is', 'defined', 'by', 'analogy', 'with', 'the', 'tangential', 'quasiconvexity', 'introduced', 'by', 'dacorogna', 'fonseca', 'maly', 'and', 'trivisa', 'citedfmt', 'for', 'energies', 'with', 'superlinear', 'or', 'linear', 'growth', 'a', 'gammaconvergence', 'result', 'is', 'established', 'in', 'sobolev', 'spaces', 'the', 'homogenization', 'problem', 'in', 'the', 'space', 'of', 'functions', 'of', 'bounded', 'variation', 'being', 'the', 'object', 'of', 'citebm']] | [-0.13699172470822102, 0.08155775791803738, -0.10486291444653438, 0.06761055072355601, -0.08726852780414952, -0.07903469616495487, -0.02390048489259142, 0.3302090984911451, -0.317650963675179, -0.22969208238646388, 0.1152920610006226, -0.2320963407368658, -0.10177619454205139, 0.16717651403289185, -0.13439391943393275, 0.0974307500988895, 0.025234379928507324, -0.015052250075516187, -0.09377504379113412, -0.257736751222789, 0.4066689055891604, -0.0343905224904625, 0.22042781386213997, 0.04393344367579428, 0.14437626198761994, 0.022478308257025976, -0.007495933808159962, 0.04903603152383261, -0.20219429211172407, 0.1723319123250096, 0.25534732163780266, 0.03944662153824336, 0.3347017649923348, -0.3677476976558359, -0.23794902722713435, 0.11924646866585438, 0.060861444023127355, -0.02823699268305467, -0.010396299437464526, -0.30694857363899547, 0.09600416472595599, -0.08300010230030036, -0.15375855911730063, -0.04123880231701252, 0.043292813171218664, 0.08428188367543044, -0.27652909278145266, 0.08831733378529963, 0.1284530047689461, 0.09000107701285742, -0.17050437269628876, -0.079521590759719, -0.052561875364820786, 0.033284341188846156, 0.06425014658533554, 0.08129751243783782, 0.0884460474868926, -0.07003448695306563, -0.06270082430758823, 0.3519834741406764, -0.07752226722530192, -0.28584812368757817, 0.12865332960306355, -0.14333269579543007, -0.10829839892620738, 0.13688963478974378, 0.12080633059506202, 0.1366698794429087, -0.12398406313473566, 0.1964415478473206, -0.04573722263901598, 0.060089363060089655, 0.13032730231902356, -0.027994113935468096, 0.040507403719756335, 0.12505752615915197, 0.18045490958158755, 0.14851974971760581, -0.0035722057024637857, -0.08701613305715404, -0.3190510046099209, -0.12666514249415034, -0.18873329871308264, 0.060587468220748834, -0.1224584940741301, -0.21213477434745678, 0.3015897094543713, 0.010699648009095755, 0.19344277657283884, 0.13986232528825188, 0.1919786781751706, 0.1880266291878393, 0.060808955546235666, 0.045704372447087534, 0.24041846751545867, 0.22338859810002354, 0.08880019979551435, -0.139847784675011, 0.058360039857992284, 0.1942090957703234] |
712.1782 | Existence of rational points on smooth projective varieties | Fix a number field k. We prove that if there is an algorithm for deciding
whether a smooth projective geometrically integral k-variety has a k-point,
then there is an algorithm for deciding whether an arbitrary k-variety has a
k-point and also an algorithm for computing X(k) for any k-variety X for which
X(k) is finite. The proof involves the construction of a one-parameter
algebraic family of Chatelet surfaces such that exactly one of the surfaces
fails to have a k-point.
| math.NT math.AG | fix a number field k we prove that if there is an algorithm for deciding whether a smooth projective geometrically integral kvariety has a kpoint then there is an algorithm for deciding whether an arbitrary kvariety has a kpoint and also an algorithm for computing xk for any kvariety x for which xk is finite the proof involves the construction of a oneparameter algebraic family of chatelet surfaces such that exactly one of the surfaces fails to have a kpoint | [['fix', 'a', 'number', 'field', 'k', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'if', 'there', 'is', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'deciding', 'whether', 'a', 'smooth', 'projective', 'geometrically', 'integral', 'kvariety', 'has', 'a', 'kpoint', 'then', 'there', 'is', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'deciding', 'whether', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'kvariety', 'has', 'a', 'kpoint', 'and', 'also', 'an', 'algorithm', 'for', 'computing', 'xk', 'for', 'any', 'kvariety', 'x', 'for', 'which', 'xk', 'is', 'finite', 'the', 'proof', 'involves', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'a', 'oneparameter', 'algebraic', 'family', 'of', 'chatelet', 'surfaces', 'such', 'that', 'exactly', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'surfaces', 'fails', 'to', 'have', 'a', 'kpoint']] | [-0.19331154802348466, 0.07126929208825458, -0.1600249311130028, 0.040073273213056385, -0.0655155471060425, -0.19490409792633728, 0.018397079251008107, 0.39705078294500706, -0.2996875206241384, -0.17449685147730634, 0.06682756854570471, -0.23561319491127505, -0.156977668980835, 0.2534226323594339, -0.10451334998360835, 0.014491307339631021, 0.0035389688884606583, 0.11546313553117216, -0.06788315270096064, -0.31471711918711665, 0.3534025168977678, -0.07821544331964106, 0.18866919029969723, 0.0863734732991361, 0.1782860463252291, 0.040623158117523414, 0.10141726236906834, 0.01836517289048061, -0.1457625587188886, 0.04737752532819286, 0.3190701109590009, 0.1353059424640378, 0.28746201894246043, -0.34334745155647395, -0.14976805247970332, 0.25479445871897044, 0.13748077536001801, 0.06465448054223089, -0.06798244132951367, -0.14996480696136133, 0.16585804261849263, -0.10570961622288451, -0.16856624549254776, -0.08895580983953551, 0.12794101873441832, -0.04748417990049347, -0.3134441826026887, -0.08638051331836323, 0.10946188857778907, 0.1270172673626803, -0.005484121304471045, -0.0655726750017493, -0.01931202318519354, 0.059320418682182206, -0.03287329475570004, 0.14507819344871678, 0.008830649696756154, -0.07018278958275914, -0.11450542764505371, 0.3604069043554773, -0.023115691379643977, -0.24652672833763062, 0.11841493367683142, -0.07963819285359933, -0.1711945436662063, 0.19622641870519147, 0.08360243479255587, 0.18033689674775816, -0.06941926992731169, 0.22766747930945713, -0.18553927649045363, 0.17050121186766773, 0.06135518966475502, -0.05931384121067822, 0.15411120047792792, 0.07056024310877547, 0.18423430672992253, 0.10250297272577882, -0.026351715507917105, 0.004610289866104722, -0.3514316460117698, -0.24849624590460734, -0.22827864642604254, 0.13667043538880536, -0.13301812058471113, -0.27592700958484784, 0.35315080028376544, 0.0476992002222687, 0.19841546561801807, 0.0960577537068275, 0.23645222247578204, 0.11684487834572792, 0.003563171223504469, 0.1437225838599261, 0.08194193457020446, 0.13888111053965985, -0.09236644830089062, -0.15388529113697585, 0.05211727688438259, 0.17244070866145195] |
712.1783 | A patient-specific respiratory model of anatomical motion for radiation
treatment planning | Modeling of respiratory motion is important for a more accurate understanding
and accounting of its effect on dose to cancers in the thorax and abdomen by
radiotherapy. We have developed a model of respiration-induced organ motion in
the thorax, without the commonly adopted assumption of repeatable breath
cycles. The model describes the motion of a volume of interest within the
patient, based on a reference 3-dimensional image (at end-expiration), and the
diaphragm positions at different time points. The input data are
respiration-correlated CT images of patients treated for nonsmall cell lung
cancer, consisting of 3D images, including the diaphragm positions, at 10
phases of the respiratory cycle. A deformable image registration algorithm
calculates the deformation field that maps each 3D image to the reference 3D
image. A principle component analysis is performed to parameterize the 3D
deformation field in terms of the diaphragm motion. We show that the first two
principal components are adequate to accurately and completely describe the
organ motion in the data of 4 patients. Artifacts in the RCCT images that
commonly occur at the mid-respiration states are reduced in the model-generated
images. Further validation of the model is demonstrated in the successful
application of the parameterized 3D deformation field to RCCT data of the same
patient but acquired several days later. We have developed a method for
predicting respiration-induced organ motion in patients that has potential for
improving the accuracy of dose calculation in radiotherapy.
| physics.med-ph | modeling of respiratory motion is important for a more accurate understanding and accounting of its effect on dose to cancers in the thorax and abdomen by radiotherapy we have developed a model of respirationinduced organ motion in the thorax without the commonly adopted assumption of repeatable breath cycles the model describes the motion of a volume of interest within the patient based on a reference 3dimensional image at endexpiration and the diaphragm positions at different time points the input data are respirationcorrelated ct images of patients treated for nonsmall cell lung cancer consisting of 3d images including the diaphragm positions at 10 phases of the respiratory cycle a deformable image registration algorithm calculates the deformation field that maps each 3d image to the reference 3d image a principle component analysis is performed to parameterize the 3d deformation field in terms of the diaphragm motion we show that the first two principal components are adequate to accurately and completely describe the organ motion in the data of 4 patients artifacts in the rcct images that commonly occur at the midrespiration states are reduced in the modelgenerated images further validation of the model is demonstrated in the successful application of the parameterized 3d deformation field to rcct data of the same patient but acquired several days later we have developed a method for predicting respirationinduced organ motion in patients that has potential for improving the accuracy of dose calculation in radiotherapy | [['modeling', 'of', 'respiratory', 'motion', 'is', 'important', 'for', 'a', 'more', 'accurate', 'understanding', 'and', 'accounting', 'of', 'its', 'effect', 'on', 'dose', 'to', 'cancers', 'in', 'the', 'thorax', 'and', 'abdomen', 'by', 'radiotherapy', 'we', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'respirationinduced', 'organ', 'motion', 'in', 'the', 'thorax', 'without', 'the', 'commonly', 'adopted', 'assumption', 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712.1784 | Magnetohydrodynamics wave propagation in the neighbourhood of two
dipoles | This paper is the third in a series of investigations by the authors. The
nature of fast magnetoacoustic and Alfv\'en waves is investigated in a 2D
$\beta=0$ plasma in the neighbourhood of two dipoles. We use both numerical
simulations (two-step Lax-Wendroff scheme) and analytical techniques (WKB
approximation). It is found that the propagation of the linear fast wave is
dictated by the Alfv\'en speed profile and that close to the null, the wave is
attracted to the neutral point. However, it is also found that in this magnetic
configuration some of the wave can escape the refraction effect; this had not
been seen in previous investigations by the authors. The wave split occurs near
the regions of very high Alfv\'en speed (found near the loci of the two
dipoles). Also, for the set-up investigated it was found that 40% of the wave
energy accumulates at the null. Ohmic dissipation will then extract the wave
energy at this point. The Alfv\'en wave behaves in a different manner in that
part of the wave accumulates along the separatrices and part escapes. Hence,
the current density will accumulate at this part of the topology and this is
where wave heating will occur. The phenomenon of wave accumulation at a
specific place is a feature of both wave types, as is the result that a
fraction of the wave can now escape the numerical box when propagating in this
magnetic configuration.
| astro-ph | this paper is the third in a series of investigations by the authors the nature of fast magnetoacoustic and alfven waves is investigated in a 2d beta0 plasma in the neighbourhood of two dipoles we use both numerical simulations twostep laxwendroff scheme and analytical techniques wkb approximation it is found that the propagation of the linear fast wave is dictated by the alfven speed profile and that close to the null the wave is attracted to the neutral point however it is also found that in this magnetic configuration some of the wave can escape the refraction effect this had not been seen in previous investigations by the authors the wave split occurs near the regions of very high alfven speed found near the loci of the two dipoles also for the setup investigated it was found that 40 of the wave energy accumulates at the null ohmic dissipation will then extract the wave energy at this point the alfven wave behaves in a different manner in that part of the wave accumulates along the separatrices and part escapes hence the current density will accumulate at this part of the topology and this is where wave heating will occur the phenomenon of wave accumulation at a specific place is a feature of both wave types as is the result that a fraction of the wave can now escape the numerical box when propagating in this magnetic configuration | [['this', 'paper', 'is', 'the', 'third', 'in', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'investigations', 'by', 'the', 'authors', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'fast', 'magnetoacoustic', 'and', 'alfven', 'waves', 'is', 'investigated', 'in', 'a', '2d', 'beta0', 'plasma', 'in', 'the', 'neighbourhood', 'of', 'two', 'dipoles', 'we', 'use', 'both', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'twostep', 'laxwendroff', 'scheme', 'and', 'analytical', 'techniques', 'wkb', 'approximation', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'propagation', 'of', 'the', 'linear', 'fast', 'wave', 'is', 'dictated', 'by', 'the', 'alfven', 'speed', 'profile', 'and', 'that', 'close', 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712.1785 | The set of non-squares in a number field is diophantine | Fix a number field k. We prove that k* - k*^2 is diophantine over k. This is
deduced from a theorem that for a nonconstant separable polynomial P(x) in
k[x], there are at most finitely many a in k* modulo squares such that there is
a Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle for the conic bundle X given
by y^2 - az^2 = P(x).
| math.NT math.AG | fix a number field k we prove that k k2 is diophantine over k this is deduced from a theorem that for a nonconstant separable polynomial px in kx there are at most finitely many a in k modulo squares such that there is a brauermanin obstruction to the hasse principle for the conic bundle x given by y2 az2 px | [['fix', 'a', 'number', 'field', 'k', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'k', 'k2', 'is', 'diophantine', 'over', 'k', 'this', 'is', 'deduced', 'from', 'a', 'theorem', 'that', 'for', 'a', 'nonconstant', 'separable', 'polynomial', 'px', 'in', 'kx', 'there', 'are', 'at', 'most', 'finitely', 'many', 'a', 'in', 'k', 'modulo', 'squares', 'such', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'brauermanin', 'obstruction', 'to', 'the', 'hasse', 'principle', 'for', 'the', 'conic', 'bundle', 'x', 'given', 'by', 'y2', 'az2', 'px']] | [-0.259939603828138, 0.06720410007220066, -0.11346795288540545, 0.03774654047304123, -0.07866612001948181, -0.20381499600184502, 0.01103786043212062, 0.32136941450785417, -0.37767523694516264, -0.19651478323627447, 0.031448490478739634, -0.28961048739366846, -0.1142659143308086, 0.2175264267525712, -0.09557134845126115, -0.007167892582088587, -0.016309168739397018, 0.15263666404930296, -0.07438342453774492, -0.3457143620958124, 0.33546402464147473, -0.14657148492873692, 0.08357630063947595, 0.05074639729850116, 0.1399159203207151, 0.03303550469276846, 0.1126040682639377, 0.03122704445201232, -0.16438896746217696, 0.030354739869105033, 0.4069659812528579, 0.1491488641639408, 0.2843391691929981, -0.30161982304492935, -0.15983859183969068, 0.24889688601442536, 0.09664196987468444, -0.038824155483944495, -0.02515527129280152, -0.16530274457229516, 0.2102160402649983, -0.09051757742513399, -0.15861313361827223, -0.08362168375952322, 0.1069070663184813, -0.004487429516481571, -0.3092391440324241, -0.03162576065429288, 0.13381361601049782, 0.20058706195139495, -0.010689726393272887, -0.18711071713354255, -0.03019703223110467, -0.049171624170830014, 0.044482096880827035, 0.16928108612105983, 0.00894145805724576, -0.052321112894101955, -0.07122468426212912, 0.36220473735058895, -0.09659669977292175, -0.1878066759739743, 0.054842475343678816, -0.15508815117149813, -0.20567882770947257, 0.26051020206975156, 0.043720279072151806, 0.15142873208969831, -0.026804157883905975, 0.2506356503906064, -0.1920136224447948, 0.15593978854232146, 0.12766499703627873, -0.0725948152620895, 0.14279150521596434, 0.006498097003147495, 0.10314157572059633, 0.053851524276323004, -0.011596415039212977, 0.021881841840680507, -0.3870578043040682, -0.17836801411553485, -0.20536833276330937, 0.19475284101227758, -0.1268784951353751, -0.12485286139989973, 0.27407626245079225, 0.04598103562125661, 0.17701401378287643, 0.0959760453246656, 0.21666751424858316, 0.10290240617010926, 0.018517796171554288, 0.10461600290489245, 0.13573783429217387, 0.19646783049798525, -0.026923226591459185, -0.12678785998084138, 0.03084770054938119, 0.15609194674208515] |
712.1786 | Unparticle-Enhanced Black Holes at the LHC | Based on the idea that tensor unparticles can enhance the gravitational
interactions between standard model particles, potential black hole formation
in high energy collisions is examined. Modifications to the horizon radius
$r_H$ are derived, and the corresponding geometric cross-sections of such
objects are calculated. It is shown that $r_H$ increases dramatically to the
electroweak scale for masses $M_{BH} \sim 1-10 $TeV, yielding a geometric
cross-section $\sigma_{BH}=\pi r_H^2$ on the order of $leq 50$ pb. This
suggests that unparticle physics provides a mechanism for black hole formation
in future accelerators, without the requirement of extra spatial dimensions.
| hep-ph gr-qc hep-th | based on the idea that tensor unparticles can enhance the gravitational interactions between standard model particles potential black hole formation in high energy collisions is examined modifications to the horizon radius r_h are derived and the corresponding geometric crosssections of such objects are calculated it is shown that r_h increases dramatically to the electroweak scale for masses m_bh sim 110 tev yielding a geometric crosssection sigma_bhpi r_h2 on the order of leq 50 pb this suggests that unparticle physics provides a mechanism for black hole formation in future accelerators without the requirement of extra spatial dimensions | [['based', 'on', 'the', 'idea', 'that', 'tensor', 'unparticles', 'can', 'enhance', 'the', 'gravitational', 'interactions', 'between', 'standard', 'model', 'particles', 'potential', 'black', 'hole', 'formation', 'in', 'high', 'energy', 'collisions', 'is', 'examined', 'modifications', 'to', 'the', 'horizon', 'radius', 'r_h', 'are', 'derived', 'and', 'the', 'corresponding', 'geometric', 'crosssections', 'of', 'such', 'objects', 'are', 'calculated', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'r_h', 'increases', 'dramatically', 'to', 'the', 'electroweak', 'scale', 'for', 'masses', 'm_bh', 'sim', '110', 'tev', 'yielding', 'a', 'geometric', 'crosssection', 'sigma_bhpi', 'r_h2', 'on', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'leq', '50', 'pb', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'unparticle', 'physics', 'provides', 'a', 'mechanism', 'for', 'black', 'hole', 'formation', 'in', 'future', 'accelerators', 'without', 'the', 'requirement', 'of', 'extra', 'spatial', 'dimensions']] | [-0.11965690127598416, 0.17885920782450979, -0.05139015972626543, 0.17132250648604608, -0.07464764869379761, -0.12826848930287127, -0.015049000741227676, 0.3218327596783638, -0.2049164319606988, -0.36689675485127066, 0.022712832118237488, -0.3151445625876812, -0.03162825653623594, 0.1765090169654669, 0.011251843588328675, 0.031913731400977426, -0.007323286221607736, 0.02868190865939189, -0.09180731507704447, -0.23784449574978728, 0.279450485919063, 0.1305373555343402, 0.24346634741186313, 0.12356084748355084, 0.09632331255921407, 0.0018433036405201021, 0.017306030412988834, 0.008302940570406224, -0.15943145690030897, 0.07779593434166408, 0.17943173831230716, 0.07412980016884639, 0.1657721046162279, -0.3778671597963885, -0.21409443368841158, 0.07836615050113514, 0.17268071502545163, 0.10073006840814885, -0.09938507003856725, -0.26636120658122786, 0.1219272438182471, -0.21776173040270805, -0.1479371481133919, 0.0029761072003135556, 0.07878265275963042, -0.06664399236538693, -0.26003045635788063, 0.15187043725807023, 0.008968703289467254, -0.04430536598359284, -0.08776038745908361, -0.1212609930846252, -0.08377352990210056, -0.003908144736564473, 0.08811671790103183, 0.034205269641978175, 0.2365089371212219, -0.12351262952617713, -0.11600525066942761, 0.38920664622595436, -0.019977303669101706, -0.14701776361387026, 0.1867423949174975, -0.21054934067284, -0.0903664191562903, 0.12550541576194135, 0.20478807847554747, 0.09034097094799538, -0.1440752255534263, 0.133613533741721, 0.043918597684732004, 0.22909930047186974, 0.08501671063591187, 0.08790748616386401, 0.3307787044506863, 0.19036863178602959, 0.018645506538450717, 0.0402972170396855, -0.11594108471303786, -0.0736458217136954, -0.32704854035063796, -0.1177696573400968, -0.13555828690663665, 0.07328296112590531, -0.19674002639076207, -0.07515493249122397, 0.2763524089314926, 0.15477328526444342, 0.2550492136304169, 0.030246508979287587, 0.23372903289518465, 0.08344715044613144, 0.11627931093404952, 0.07371334451691884, 0.365016473153312, 0.1286923811329823, 0.12589846485735554, -0.21746826484113146, 0.004129064298774067, 0.07841503779452882] |
712.1787 | Different approaches to the second order Klein-Gordon equation | We derive the Klein--Gordon equation for a single scalar field coupled to
gravity at second order in perturbation theory and leading order in slow-roll.
This is done in two ways: we derive the Klein--Gordon equation first using the
Einstein field equations, and then directly from the action after integrating
out the constraint equations. We also point out an unexpected result regarding
the treatment of the field equations.
| astro-ph | we derive the kleingordon equation for a single scalar field coupled to gravity at second order in perturbation theory and leading order in slowroll this is done in two ways we derive the kleingordon equation first using the einstein field equations and then directly from the action after integrating out the constraint equations we also point out an unexpected result regarding the treatment of the field equations | [['we', 'derive', 'the', 'kleingordon', 'equation', 'for', 'a', 'single', 'scalar', 'field', 'coupled', 'to', 'gravity', 'at', 'second', 'order', 'in', 'perturbation', 'theory', 'and', 'leading', 'order', 'in', 'slowroll', 'this', 'is', 'done', 'in', 'two', 'ways', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'kleingordon', 'equation', 'first', 'using', 'the', 'einstein', 'field', 'equations', 'and', 'then', 'directly', 'from', 'the', 'action', 'after', 'integrating', 'out', 'the', 'constraint', 'equations', 'we', 'also', 'point', 'out', 'an', 'unexpected', 'result', 'regarding', 'the', 'treatment', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'equations']] | [-0.14927862681198253, 0.06767618859993857, -0.14428360813728242, 0.04884743078180881, -0.08919124231576475, -0.10958207678744819, -0.013647805518859914, 0.25112109342172967, -0.24475523356153672, -0.3028861989420074, 0.06681691268076703, -0.27822169255632073, -0.17485017617191398, 0.13792607910347296, 0.020335942798697236, 0.04702812608039535, -0.008217929607020941, 0.10908606619254421, -0.10057797074429135, -0.2765517701019547, 0.39971125182876394, 0.012462036969112371, 0.19550233000694817, -0.00974012503692352, 0.14915941008575148, 0.00031362255034384444, -0.012917499474958698, 0.029817794845787, -0.1572978886803473, 0.03862068457389945, 0.1757944078678126, 0.05624591415998206, 0.2754847619182138, -0.4823096546052552, -0.208585980306588, 0.04778570420484045, 0.13735053820340937, 0.20851796426907626, -0.030055571882638025, -0.31435922488792617, 0.0266326500325283, -0.13513815656665767, -0.19402114623017722, -0.07170726010687094, -0.03729262721634456, -0.042070441220803605, -0.27274433727925224, 0.09356791282432335, 0.007391805135047258, 0.0042038292610156, -0.1372188338106359, -0.050008631512911905, 0.027212176464998454, 0.07118678049170482, 0.09861841259190618, 0.043402380059792925, 0.057112986437364746, -0.15754637942621624, -0.049521209889286155, 0.39370926380602284, -0.1641743765316848, -0.2538247186857373, 0.08058032234296647, -0.15429604879177328, -0.14520416143975817, 0.11171830099409641, 0.15686771806690897, 0.17320925601907491, -0.231173662468791, 0.1335311268035795, 0.03587712824636542, 0.14746679215728473, 0.10503417616293056, -0.043503625985624184, 0.2187266935274672, 0.09029409942328374, 0.03920701677118665, 0.14103384265926347, -0.019384441035452175, -0.14467235783170632, -0.39563262220750106, -0.1566207118005728, -0.09677776496913006, 0.10234998869918176, -0.11852621656117975, -0.11986213179180093, 0.376722071959234, 0.21465127500913925, 0.0927119931525815, 0.02639152174954539, 0.26751510740549705, 0.24414775110503187, 0.023310517287576823, 0.0651429730863658, 0.27555899572760256, 0.20658470595728107, 0.13415358242328598, -0.23236432126697168, -0.11363806999497005, 0.13536591594343755] |
712.1788 | Pressure dependence of the optical properties of the charge-density-wave
compound LaTe$_2$ | We report the pressure dependence of the optical response of LaTe$_2$, which
is deep in the charge-density-wave (CDW) ground state even at 300 K. The
reflectivity spectrum is collected in the mid-infrared spectral range at room
temperature and at pressures between 0 and 7 GPa. We extract the energy scale
due to the single particle excitation across the CDW gap and the Drude weight.
We establish that the gap decreases upon compressing the lattice, while the
Drude weight increases. This signals a reduction in the quality of nesting upon
applying pressure, therefore inducing a lesser impact of the CDW condensate on
the electronic properties of LaTe$_2$. The consequent suppression of the CDW
gap leads to a release of additional charge carriers, manifested by the shift
of weight from the gap feature into the metallic component of the optical
response. On the contrary, the power-law behavior, seen in the optical
conductivity at energies above the gap excitation and indicating a weakly
interacting limit within the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid scenario, seems to be
only moderately dependent on pressure.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we report the pressure dependence of the optical response of late_2 which is deep in the chargedensitywave cdw ground state even at 300 k the reflectivity spectrum is collected in the midinfrared spectral range at room temperature and at pressures between 0 and 7 gpa we extract the energy scale due to the single particle excitation across the cdw gap and the drude weight we establish that the gap decreases upon compressing the lattice while the drude weight increases this signals a reduction in the quality of nesting upon applying pressure therefore inducing a lesser impact of the cdw condensate on the electronic properties of late_2 the consequent suppression of the cdw gap leads to a release of additional charge carriers manifested by the shift of weight from the gap feature into the metallic component of the optical response on the contrary the powerlaw behavior seen in the optical conductivity at energies above the gap excitation and indicating a weakly interacting limit within the tomonagaluttinger liquid scenario seems to be only moderately dependent on pressure | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'pressure', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'optical', 'response', 'of', 'late_2', 'which', 'is', 'deep', 'in', 'the', 'chargedensitywave', 'cdw', 'ground', 'state', 'even', 'at', '300', 'k', 'the', 'reflectivity', 'spectrum', 'is', 'collected', 'in', 'the', 'midinfrared', 'spectral', 'range', 'at', 'room', 'temperature', 'and', 'at', 'pressures', 'between', '0', 'and', '7', 'gpa', 'we', 'extract', 'the', 'energy', 'scale', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'single', 'particle', 'excitation', 'across', 'the', 'cdw', 'gap', 'and', 'the', 'drude', 'weight', 'we', 'establish', 'that', 'the', 'gap', 'decreases', 'upon', 'compressing', 'the', 'lattice', 'while', 'the', 'drude', 'weight', 'increases', 'this', 'signals', 'a', 'reduction', 'in', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'nesting', 'upon', 'applying', 'pressure', 'therefore', 'inducing', 'a', 'lesser', 'impact', 'of', 'the', 'cdw', 'condensate', 'on', 'the', 'electronic', 'properties', 'of', 'late_2', 'the', 'consequent', 'suppression', 'of', 'the', 'cdw', 'gap', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'release', 'of', 'additional', 'charge', 'carriers', 'manifested', 'by', 'the', 'shift', 'of', 'weight', 'from', 'the', 'gap', 'feature', 'into', 'the', 'metallic', 'component', 'of', 'the', 'optical', 'response', 'on', 'the', 'contrary', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'behavior', 'seen', 'in', 'the', 'optical', 'conductivity', 'at', 'energies', 'above', 'the', 'gap', 'excitation', 'and', 'indicating', 'a', 'weakly', 'interacting', 'limit', 'within', 'the', 'tomonagaluttinger', 'liquid', 'scenario', 'seems', 'to', 'be', 'only', 'moderately', 'dependent', 'on', 'pressure']] | [-0.14684202663891147, 0.2151388945185843, -0.07962206936699763, -0.011247438335565128, -0.028631164264364566, -0.08585357724828915, 0.12853553617505, 0.38517606008604083, -0.29150506951227095, -0.286875162370546, 0.019067664342700918, -0.340786489808792, -0.06907933475342014, 0.1210483505862975, 0.06273625673311682, 0.005270813319792048, -0.03309892848903862, 0.020428609630534413, -0.11600615037874334, -0.17260204153027753, 0.33129073260621184, 0.07886132558742458, 0.3406062108394555, 0.13118004267012454, 0.04337152271569206, 0.012207959701893905, 0.06514672298156629, -0.021680534391992353, -0.12045371080931266, 0.0514865944409646, 0.2671113219542827, -0.07109877908322422, 0.23197973531137914, -0.3921602963916742, -0.24502683761448874, 0.020330912103833403, 0.10324958934733978, 0.10538840545085662, -0.017670364141991805, -0.22397849592783978, 0.03575391992334427, -0.1538739963569221, -0.12173815379174954, -0.0449316290983085, -0.0163544501081066, -0.010133117654547903, -0.2276529359114437, 0.1669534482869368, 0.05974476898729672, 0.0857929125255932, -0.1510502862840934, -0.13605130967452606, -0.05254669911954875, 0.03626677321742499, 0.04067675660854216, 0.0687570301546699, 0.17466079292958872, -0.185949903736537, -0.026559770999562447, 0.3510202307124875, -0.07804194611438006, -0.03621741668240442, 0.1909250119469543, -0.1902213957230695, -0.02720434739704599, 0.23445079163136767, 0.1162300860385459, 0.04476703885428586, -0.08136895176755383, 0.047922854423469115, 0.021387637065282104, 0.2399951861740623, 0.09628960110833923, 0.09218734457572071, 0.24875818167118668, 0.20173597305197527, 0.05234438509308879, 0.16527202490628348, -0.14326324494827453, -0.01953158154006983, -0.2511329409270009, -0.1171709991940378, -0.2255355575514925, 0.040616265492718344, -0.06748416420103272, -0.15761707561101354, 0.4398920110647561, 0.14830490474379218, 0.23316021106943402, 0.006041305010964706, 0.2319964226012285, 0.14747785016452905, 0.09663356765647112, 0.06980687391074816, 0.27498205675409754, 0.1156500045551967, 0.1472700255225827, -0.31956276690689683, 0.05623466005892697, -0.01888343992756109] |
712.1789 | Bianchi VII_h models and the cold spot texture | We have returned to our previous Bianchi VII_h analysis in light of the Cruz
et al. 2007 suggestion that the cold spot observed near the southern Galactic
pole may be a remnant temperature perturbation of a cosmic texture. In Bridges
et al. 2006b we found two favoured left handed Bianchi VII_h templates with
restricted prior probabilities so that the template was centred close to the
cold spot. Using WMAP data `corrected' for the texture fit we have now
reexamined both models to assess any changes to these conclusions. We find that
both models are left almost entirely unconstrained by the data and consequently
exhibit significantly reduced Bayesian evidences. Both models are now
disfavoured by the data. This result reinforces our previous suggestion that
the cold spot was likely to be driving any Bianchi VII_h detection.
| astro-ph | we have returned to our previous bianchi vii_h analysis in light of the cruz et al 2007 suggestion that the cold spot observed near the southern galactic pole may be a remnant temperature perturbation of a cosmic texture in bridges et al 2006b we found two favoured left handed bianchi vii_h templates with restricted prior probabilities so that the template was centred close to the cold spot using wmap data corrected for the texture fit we have now reexamined both models to assess any changes to these conclusions we find that both models are left almost entirely unconstrained by the data and consequently exhibit significantly reduced bayesian evidences both models are now disfavoured by the data this result reinforces our previous suggestion that the cold spot was likely to be driving any bianchi vii_h detection | [['we', 'have', 'returned', 'to', 'our', 'previous', 'bianchi', 'vii_h', 'analysis', 'in', 'light', 'of', 'the', 'cruz', 'et', 'al', '2007', 'suggestion', 'that', 'the', 'cold', 'spot', 'observed', 'near', 'the', 'southern', 'galactic', 'pole', 'may', 'be', 'a', 'remnant', 'temperature', 'perturbation', 'of', 'a', 'cosmic', 'texture', 'in', 'bridges', 'et', 'al', '2006b', 'we', 'found', 'two', 'favoured', 'left', 'handed', 'bianchi', 'vii_h', 'templates', 'with', 'restricted', 'prior', 'probabilities', 'so', 'that', 'the', 'template', 'was', 'centred', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'cold', 'spot', 'using', 'wmap', 'data', 'corrected', 'for', 'the', 'texture', 'fit', 'we', 'have', 'now', 'reexamined', 'both', 'models', 'to', 'assess', 'any', 'changes', 'to', 'these', 'conclusions', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'both', 'models', 'are', 'left', 'almost', 'entirely', 'unconstrained', 'by', 'the', 'data', 'and', 'consequently', 'exhibit', 'significantly', 'reduced', 'bayesian', 'evidences', 'both', 'models', 'are', 'now', 'disfavoured', 'by', 'the', 'data', 'this', 'result', 'reinforces', 'our', 'previous', 'suggestion', 'that', 'the', 'cold', 'spot', 'was', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'driving', 'any', 'bianchi', 'vii_h', 'detection']] | [-0.048569512574209106, 0.0888750822317821, -0.08900009530027293, 0.07825278964290326, -0.1315861298047282, -0.13375739431077682, 0.04109257184555409, 0.39094035422636403, -0.20626362345215898, -0.34776039636797373, 0.10706415932315091, -0.2998037404380739, -0.08014631678039828, 0.16296562602122625, -0.07430755572945431, -0.008653447611464395, 0.031213916127604466, -0.08092846486855436, -0.020307672313517995, -0.3055534570995304, 0.27445326081166665, 0.13316128162874116, 0.269211419361333, -0.024090852991988262, 0.00907439455827612, -0.088292893699933, -0.11647959719584496, -0.01819464458083665, -0.13972286505784184, 0.04905548551151124, 0.2081242038387346, 0.126115532240106, 0.15252333646985117, -0.3965288100384728, -0.2607769004888488, 0.1235533667659318, 0.14031115746884434, 0.11938623378950136, -0.06858453044184933, -0.3291750067819117, 0.061481632802773405, -0.15792873383810122, -0.15256830241738095, -0.04310546952679201, 0.03537225798462276, -0.036359476566280205, -0.2673597727315845, 0.12601515758713638, 0.07289232514039785, 0.024270206986478082, -0.09460731156308341, -0.13769681435768252, -0.05482894035953063, 0.03344011096007846, 0.05301767083195349, 0.053133899587448, 0.1099170682710354, -0.08430525963884537, -0.09716143900942471, 0.3546062350825027, -0.10456295625858561, -0.09874069542382602, 0.15876653612315378, -0.15434177645516617, -0.17322751233975092, 0.09038231401117863, 0.0738251319155097, 0.07626955133552353, -0.1634660848174934, 0.08030948861355514, -0.08918549354981493, 0.18141253514353323, 0.09576505520553501, -0.08098230793796203, 0.29495400717628567, 0.07852522615101878, -0.028198358206147398, 0.07253930518507129, -0.14263502710188428, -0.08947416220498444, -0.23460964144992263, -0.04789824830023227, -0.13210376257904702, -0.003031713224912959, -0.07307259561828149, -0.13761742341815045, 0.3550768472047316, 0.1980005097584109, 0.21781302660496699, -5.224800185748824e-05, 0.2658954501496973, 0.042214374550342285, 0.06461596949094975, 0.12693148617184272, 0.3402115490632477, 0.0715098737894247, 0.09903362395448817, -0.18028799613109894, 0.07892496912498717, -0.029400665871798994] |
712.179 | Hydrodynamic model for relaxation of optically injected currents in
quantum wells | We use a hydrodynamic model to describe the relaxation of optically injected
currents in quantum wells on a picosecond time scale, numerically solving the
continuity and velocity evolution equations with the Hermite-Gaussian functions
employed as a basis. The interplay of the long-range Coulomb forces and
nonlinearity in the equations of motion leads to rather complex patterns of the
calculated charge and current densities. We find that the time dependence of
even the first moment of the electron density is sensitive to this complex
evolution.
| cond-mat.other | we use a hydrodynamic model to describe the relaxation of optically injected currents in quantum wells on a picosecond time scale numerically solving the continuity and velocity evolution equations with the hermitegaussian functions employed as a basis the interplay of the longrange coulomb forces and nonlinearity in the equations of motion leads to rather complex patterns of the calculated charge and current densities we find that the time dependence of even the first moment of the electron density is sensitive to this complex evolution | [['we', 'use', 'a', 'hydrodynamic', 'model', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'relaxation', 'of', 'optically', 'injected', 'currents', 'in', 'quantum', 'wells', 'on', 'a', 'picosecond', 'time', 'scale', 'numerically', 'solving', 'the', 'continuity', 'and', 'velocity', 'evolution', 'equations', 'with', 'the', 'hermitegaussian', 'functions', 'employed', 'as', 'a', 'basis', 'the', 'interplay', 'of', 'the', 'longrange', 'coulomb', 'forces', 'and', 'nonlinearity', 'in', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'leads', 'to', 'rather', 'complex', 'patterns', 'of', 'the', 'calculated', 'charge', 'and', 'current', 'densities', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'time', 'dependence', 'of', 'even', 'the', 'first', 'moment', 'of', 'the', 'electron', 'density', 'is', 'sensitive', 'to', 'this', 'complex', 'evolution']] | [-0.14320290097523303, 0.1710435877709339, -0.1063290393711733, 0.08462051226801816, -0.021468612451350226, -0.05269115556508214, -0.01860370552735514, 0.3340671472916646, -0.286721410795248, -0.27696355039786014, 0.030165341203211852, -0.2582316395959684, -0.10597517654033643, 0.15378196535000047, 0.07780349291195827, 0.05335523227473632, -0.002808163114379914, -0.031826831857740344, -0.10464066336862743, -0.188340937075693, 0.32231691997453926, 0.031217692329803304, 0.2631546898656303, 0.07114425147440107, 0.14096599199166077, 0.0008214587966601054, 0.022365303521621086, 0.021368524059653282, -0.12855369044743947, 0.09268069118150465, 0.18307682503724382, -0.0125380441091866, 0.24209045991855896, -0.5127131922747052, -0.19871378859638103, 0.05125945071146513, 0.11859619559808857, 0.14842498461560658, -0.06590425293654248, -0.26125564182820243, 0.0037399921677119677, -0.13489364360326103, -0.1746752816460295, -0.08143324543544579, 0.06741589880437546, 0.08760875195176118, -0.2721431519437049, 0.15605894072602192, 0.03807585099933758, 0.008547804085537791, -0.10355013877242095, -0.0417348518745885, -0.037663998877784856, 0.08982817722772736, 0.026020626829926015, 0.01540495872142769, 0.16340171081191374, -0.1645192047109872, -0.08945080380155039, 0.3974395945136036, -0.0926070810140421, -0.23191330087415518, 0.17327207432217187, -0.1988850351799989, -0.03391837513273848, 0.1410565635056368, 0.18499795869103677, 0.14227174171468332, -0.1448998632951684, 0.06726563243830155, 0.020738390785741752, 0.18019345942385762, 0.04333435937795522, 0.028762275824278948, 0.18447537446350215, 0.16802130424461903, 0.053974967915564775, 0.11072249260420601, -0.11640842060348534, -0.12879300565968843, -0.2805738415447108, -0.12270689940833975, -0.18115084488332892, 0.09134807440984462, -0.06916085885608309, -0.17255061412496225, 0.4518450438408763, 0.17548467333073772, 0.1894972052763305, 0.021840466940332027, 0.29653714487462174, 0.19638272941284368, 0.07239515551676352, 0.046080123605428354, 0.231931803407081, 0.17627893840628012, 0.13257568683807872, -0.3214097913587466, 0.05141763819847256, 0.05399585848153081] |
712.1791 | Unique Identification of Lee-Wick Gauge Bosons at Linear Colliders | Grinstein, O'Connell and Wise have recently presented an extension of the
Standard Model (SM), based on the ideas of Lee and Wick (LW), which
demonstrates an interesting way to remove the quadratically divergent
contributions to the Higgs mass induced by radiative corrections. This model
predicts the existence of negative-norm copies of the usual SM fields at the
TeV scale with ghost-like propagators and negative decay widths, but with
otherwise SM-like couplings. In earlier work, it was demonstrated that the LW
states in the gauge boson sector of these models, though easy to observe,
cannot be uniquely identified as such at the LHC. In this paper, we address the
issue of whether or not this problem can be resolved at an $e^+e^-$ collider
with a suitable center of mass energy range. We find that measurements of the
cross section and the left-right polarization asymmetry associated with Bhabha
scattering can lead to a unique identification of the neutral electroweak gauge
bosons of the Lee-Wick type.
| hep-ph | grinstein oconnell and wise have recently presented an extension of the standard model sm based on the ideas of lee and wick lw which demonstrates an interesting way to remove the quadratically divergent contributions to the higgs mass induced by radiative corrections this model predicts the existence of negativenorm copies of the usual sm fields at the tev scale with ghostlike propagators and negative decay widths but with otherwise smlike couplings in earlier work it was demonstrated that the lw states in the gauge boson sector of these models though easy to observe cannot be uniquely identified as such at the lhc in this paper we address the issue of whether or not this problem can be resolved at an ee collider with a suitable center of mass energy range we find that measurements of the cross section and the leftright polarization asymmetry associated with bhabha scattering can lead to a unique identification of the neutral electroweak gauge bosons of the leewick type | [['grinstein', 'oconnell', 'and', 'wise', 'have', 'recently', 'presented', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'sm', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'ideas', 'of', 'lee', 'and', 'wick', 'lw', 'which', 'demonstrates', 'an', 'interesting', 'way', 'to', 'remove', 'the', 'quadratically', 'divergent', 'contributions', 'to', 'the', 'higgs', 'mass', 'induced', 'by', 'radiative', 'corrections', 'this', 'model', 'predicts', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'negativenorm', 'copies', 'of', 'the', 'usual', 'sm', 'fields', 'at', 'the', 'tev', 'scale', 'with', 'ghostlike', 'propagators', 'and', 'negative', 'decay', 'widths', 'but', 'with', 'otherwise', 'smlike', 'couplings', 'in', 'earlier', 'work', 'it', 'was', 'demonstrated', 'that', 'the', 'lw', 'states', 'in', 'the', 'gauge', 'boson', 'sector', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'though', 'easy', 'to', 'observe', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'uniquely', 'identified', 'as', 'such', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'address', 'the', 'issue', 'of', 'whether', 'or', 'not', 'this', 'problem', 'can', 'be', 'resolved', 'at', 'an', 'ee', 'collider', 'with', 'a', 'suitable', 'center', 'of', 'mass', 'energy', 'range', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'cross', 'section', 'and', 'the', 'leftright', 'polarization', 'asymmetry', 'associated', 'with', 'bhabha', 'scattering', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'unique', 'identification', 'of', 'the', 'neutral', 'electroweak', 'gauge', 'bosons', 'of', 'the', 'leewick', 'type']] | [-0.056227516881247025, 0.20678491246268627, -0.07418236062612112, 0.11241102679817165, -0.07583865443835171, -0.15601906822795594, 0.012682761232476546, 0.33145891199393834, -0.2510581651429941, -0.30409648795271427, 0.03679673740726884, -0.2833263892169315, -0.06541738854068127, 0.12037892909131365, 0.003805376576520957, 0.04014975864939937, 0.037796025681195826, 0.012568766654400928, -0.03493002047989427, -0.270676481484992, 0.32197166858496507, 0.08911221624471292, 0.20440223965816562, 0.11004998629469788, 0.07194648378687661, 0.02152971748870275, -0.0406127636542362, -0.03433612519988745, -0.10034017296919312, 0.0755539794147963, 0.18795436002533167, 0.057082766693982684, 0.16253104689460043, -0.34254100797811476, -0.15900315397714332, 0.14931045026552478, 0.16999644789171814, 0.13034901873949664, -0.060959756695920964, -0.30739240088250214, 0.07721246593552301, -0.19050402110499307, -0.14662603085729997, -0.05391693037008957, -0.03610628607637453, -0.1019008334033282, -0.2985882709347984, 0.08287944360749751, -0.0012639017354004176, 0.017518830039146605, -0.0053993812478261025, -0.12113128868272392, -0.07476769212247213, 0.006610602522325679, 0.14909691752996523, 0.034877648166801056, 0.12424592478144006, -0.1658494966211104, -0.1782941262112794, 0.3821204213664027, -0.0950541610079931, -0.17157972137097316, 0.1814692991220665, -0.16567993780495827, -0.13872407646491278, 0.1433295922669037, 0.1615314513853774, 0.07936063556092161, -0.17310773579562763, 0.16992554371671115, -0.03489307745745996, 0.1677162991474644, 0.08028472719214312, 0.05820707480207358, 0.2462867839807054, 0.11015777550524146, 0.027148328467397155, 0.07510632008779794, -0.06390569363500662, -0.06460593143341745, -0.3902728532372815, -0.13107940593625067, -0.08321131263836855, 0.07720231488166042, -0.019360848164779315, -0.13886167366971922, 0.380537075257474, 0.1537974055362411, 0.2339781364312441, 0.020496741244597813, 0.26876043557280266, 0.1247673035846319, 0.12416450566808812, 0.03845033493266006, 0.32478057901607826, 0.13679959658368648, 0.10765816483692062, -0.24628830944165225, -0.0019607607590420763, 0.05917776549212271] |
712.1792 | MHD wave propagation in the neighbourhood of a two-dimensional null
point | The nature of fast magnetoacoustic and Alfv\'en waves is investigated in a
zero $\beta$ plasma. This gives an indication of wave propagation in the low
$\beta$ solar corona. It is found that for a two-dimensional null point, the
fast wave is attracted to that point and the front of the wave slows down as it
approaches the null point, causing the current density to accumulate there and
rise rapidly. Ohmic dissipation will extract the energy in the wave at this
point. This illustrates that null points play an important role in the rapid
dissipation of fast magnetoacoustic waves and suggests the location where wave
heating will occur in the corona. The Alfv\'en wave behaves in a different
manner in that the wave energy is dissipated along the separatrices. For
Alfv\'en waves that are decoupled from fast waves, the value of the plasma
$\beta$ is unimportant. However, the phenomenon of dissipating the majority of
the wave energy at a specific place is a feature of both wave types.
| astro-ph | the nature of fast magnetoacoustic and alfven waves is investigated in a zero beta plasma this gives an indication of wave propagation in the low beta solar corona it is found that for a twodimensional null point the fast wave is attracted to that point and the front of the wave slows down as it approaches the null point causing the current density to accumulate there and rise rapidly ohmic dissipation will extract the energy in the wave at this point this illustrates that null points play an important role in the rapid dissipation of fast magnetoacoustic waves and suggests the location where wave heating will occur in the corona the alfven wave behaves in a different manner in that the wave energy is dissipated along the separatrices for alfven waves that are decoupled from fast waves the value of the plasma beta is unimportant however the phenomenon of dissipating the majority of the wave energy at a specific place is a feature of both wave types | [['the', 'nature', 'of', 'fast', 'magnetoacoustic', 'and', 'alfven', 'waves', 'is', 'investigated', 'in', 'a', 'zero', 'beta', 'plasma', 'this', 'gives', 'an', 'indication', 'of', 'wave', 'propagation', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'beta', 'solar', 'corona', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'for', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'null', 'point', 'the', 'fast', 'wave', 'is', 'attracted', 'to', 'that', 'point', 'and', 'the', 'front', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'slows', 'down', 'as', 'it', 'approaches', 'the', 'null', 'point', 'causing', 'the', 'current', 'density', 'to', 'accumulate', 'there', 'and', 'rise', 'rapidly', 'ohmic', 'dissipation', 'will', 'extract', 'the', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'wave', 'at', 'this', 'point', 'this', 'illustrates', 'that', 'null', 'points', 'play', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'rapid', 'dissipation', 'of', 'fast', 'magnetoacoustic', 'waves', 'and', 'suggests', 'the', 'location', 'where', 'wave', 'heating', 'will', 'occur', 'in', 'the', 'corona', 'the', 'alfven', 'wave', 'behaves', 'in', 'a', 'different', 'manner', 'in', 'that', 'the', 'wave', 'energy', 'is', 'dissipated', 'along', 'the', 'separatrices', 'for', 'alfven', 'waves', 'that', 'are', 'decoupled', 'from', 'fast', 'waves', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'plasma', 'beta', 'is', 'unimportant', 'however', 'the', 'phenomenon', 'of', 'dissipating', 'the', 'majority', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'energy', 'at', 'a', 'specific', 'place', 'is', 'a', 'feature', 'of', 'both', 'wave', 'types']] | [-0.21079368328586398, 0.22932961440528743, -0.04295803404351819, 0.09386738722036944, -0.06900663449691084, -0.04625468389626068, 0.012882234492411692, 0.3235899620650414, -0.26737480233060923, -0.2188594769797996, 0.0724649924630143, -0.2756597413207421, -0.1271527554800812, 0.23591339741526784, 0.0659229580039705, 0.02574690709637846, 0.0451175178778302, 0.04024795904577135, -0.031458561887273084, -0.09111307768575, 0.28573110876437613, 0.13336592553755752, 0.2846313834142966, 0.03712546267870167, 0.07213525470446594, -0.058950565366386744, 0.01215217913090374, -0.031618584856435566, -0.09774915513766039, 0.008762247963602136, 0.25094200529347727, 0.10679572105998854, 0.30014232015181447, -0.4960370353551325, -0.2830970745399862, 0.02403903865495217, 0.19373799212525103, 0.10433658902828921, -0.06385092461247466, -0.21808587057058682, 0.03270625300471208, -0.10092790895085893, -0.19122008927456455, 0.03426082681377926, 0.06447180816945536, 0.05346822676117794, -0.26683168539297797, 0.11932532287977948, 0.09558499205165995, -0.016781491288792586, -0.055971490417211174, -0.03704246852691927, -0.0708541963249445, 0.07401767628222793, 0.14089071301361378, 0.1052279057131779, 0.148202942628525, -0.15031324566514817, -0.0005804106710244439, 0.37561611278529117, -0.05411279562952744, -0.1616568110863543, 0.21559122910522327, -0.1892481262070297, -0.06932114254861713, 0.24572790289732688, 0.18550144328072132, 0.06413434137531673, -0.0838996231957467, 0.03379329871180646, 0.0007159199349025911, 0.11028777665255067, 0.11909072906124646, 0.013572429365361344, 0.29894586250989025, 0.15601062685429692, 0.07750676612057417, 0.11365852623754097, -0.1613285479297538, -0.04070441538613, -0.3111986195902803, -0.18142837620323557, -0.166625108837546, 0.04203314666225349, -0.05800046002134, -0.2105260148705792, 0.42998240358324463, 0.1773852105417134, 0.16806780456141485, -0.02808409865769909, 0.27867009448344837, 0.2010776101058059, 0.02516513607537229, 0.16247401512534676, 0.3284281720825566, 0.12798562453094936, 0.16889130199205377, -0.2338955233230473, 0.020797440216146008, 0.02698379046350584] |
712.1793 | D-brane Instantons in 4D Supersymmetric String Vacua | We review some aspects of D-instantons in intersecting D-brane models. In
particular, we present applications of the recently proposed instanton calculus
to computations of charged matter superpotential couplings and corrections to
the gauge kinetic function in the low energy effective action of type IIA
orientifolds. As an interesting byway, we also discuss how one-loop corrections
to the gauge kinetic function can be deduced from gauge threshold corrections
in the type IIA setting.
| hep-th | we review some aspects of dinstantons in intersecting dbrane models in particular we present applications of the recently proposed instanton calculus to computations of charged matter superpotential couplings and corrections to the gauge kinetic function in the low energy effective action of type iia orientifolds as an interesting byway we also discuss how oneloop corrections to the gauge kinetic function can be deduced from gauge threshold corrections in the type iia setting | [['we', 'review', 'some', 'aspects', 'of', 'dinstantons', 'in', 'intersecting', 'dbrane', 'models', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'present', 'applications', 'of', 'the', 'recently', 'proposed', 'instanton', 'calculus', 'to', 'computations', 'of', 'charged', 'matter', 'superpotential', 'couplings', 'and', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'gauge', 'kinetic', 'function', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'energy', 'effective', 'action', 'of', 'type', 'iia', 'orientifolds', 'as', 'an', 'interesting', 'byway', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'how', 'oneloop', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'gauge', 'kinetic', 'function', 'can', 'be', 'deduced', 'from', 'gauge', 'threshold', 'corrections', 'in', 'the', 'type', 'iia', 'setting']] | [-0.10958032038154632, 0.13922986186385763, -0.07522955933638231, 0.20523597200361776, -0.11109750223687102, -0.1484434989766336, 0.011550663416208307, 0.29349874989719876, -0.17639571703760556, -0.29473936761742536, 0.03451107677833085, -0.27606642150490635, -0.18250962967236697, 0.09636083746355184, -0.0951417740303236, -0.0024643703954110685, -0.023252680759981905, 0.02847657282508805, -0.09706058696856801, -0.2934383531691323, 0.3615931293494265, 0.0428458076613155, 0.24304711085442507, 0.13234759883259908, 0.08436744320403103, -0.04273198664017861, -0.004807944462018114, -0.011498217523412806, -0.16839891000532767, 0.08911486668512225, 0.2203279393944913, 0.039505013763170005, 0.08966174121605049, -0.45885885260264636, -0.20491458531993795, 0.11855218905798147, 0.19919557238496105, 0.21210324693418725, -0.04471498145393922, -0.25941137819957566, 0.03899807685618879, -0.22669842023349984, -0.14289563941985736, -0.12198937542631592, 0.0015072907439210045, -0.023535255080377553, -0.25200603277960293, 0.029415105165369337, -0.06197528689312683, -0.0068067841126885215, -0.03999851911630429, -0.12514654405310122, -0.06536035446948568, 0.0469654884228719, 0.1803493933705244, 0.032395117516091594, 0.1631058078508457, -0.25807668966516645, -0.1598143168056095, 0.38453766446508153, -0.11721322936019007, -0.23042539011319757, 0.11849674695289471, -0.09543432636370122, -0.22793723552973127, 0.0969225891511625, 0.14882418906814615, 0.17250231719038017, -0.16135563643019593, 0.24266150365149092, 0.0584403921810674, 0.08583451567453818, 0.0576382991398724, 0.0945075407466838, 0.2120395199146489, 0.097622419986218, -0.010892633092917606, 0.1302571480185397, -0.012946432508843047, -0.12185959511397171, -0.4879245703489008, -0.10628931187617947, -0.06289118464747576, 0.13646119260589895, -0.13533579581068717, -0.1631318565497411, 0.37270124802287197, 0.16008433282480272, 0.14421501253980776, 0.023129673622233768, 0.20212869545523549, 0.12235848926840691, 0.0877246063884715, -0.014066595610388567, 0.25910156172524784, 0.16289990512706654, 0.10312282015294047, -0.2621812809514485, -0.166549935261391, 0.21774359094634863] |
712.1794 | On deep Frobenius descent and flat bundles | Let R be an integral domain of finite type over Z and let f:X --> Spec R be a
smooth projective morphism of relative dimension d >= 1. We investigate, for a
vector bundle E on the total space X, under what arithmetical properties of a
sequence (p_n, e_n)_{n \in \NN}, consisting of closed points p_n in Spec R and
Frobenius descent data E_{p_n} \cong F^{e_n}^*(F) on the closed fibers X_{p_n},
the bundle E_0 on the generic fiber X_0 is semistable.
| math.AG | let r be an integral domain of finite type over z and let fx spec r be a smooth projective morphism of relative dimension d 1 we investigate for a vector bundle e on the total space x under what arithmetical properties of a sequence p_n e_n_n in nn consisting of closed points p_n in spec r and frobenius descent data e_p_n cong fe_nf on the closed fibers x_p_n the bundle e_0 on the generic fiber x_0 is semistable | [['let', 'r', 'be', 'an', 'integral', 'domain', 'of', 'finite', 'type', 'over', 'z', 'and', 'let', 'fx', 'spec', 'r', 'be', 'a', 'smooth', 'projective', 'morphism', 'of', 'relative', 'dimension', 'd', '1', 'we', 'investigate', 'for', 'a', 'vector', 'bundle', 'e', 'on', 'the', 'total', 'space', 'x', 'under', 'what', 'arithmetical', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'sequence', 'p_n', 'e_n_n', 'in', 'nn', 'consisting', 'of', 'closed', 'points', 'p_n', 'in', 'spec', 'r', 'and', 'frobenius', 'descent', 'data', 'e_p_n', 'cong', 'fe_nf', 'on', 'the', 'closed', 'fibers', 'x_p_n', 'the', 'bundle', 'e_0', 'on', 'the', 'generic', 'fiber', 'x_0', 'is', 'semistable']] | [-0.2569143585983272, 0.02368392198102236, -0.09888365966463952, -0.022039999736558746, -0.032328972059890236, -0.1818902692573733, -0.019471964772827432, 0.3806080309502584, -0.373366165710123, -0.09198521256544873, 0.04137311246258354, -0.26115885690638896, -0.0305214227593847, 0.20952005064310997, -0.14790912262948328, -0.055498699833773764, 0.050290043058339506, 0.14871754200736942, -0.10180783452539656, -0.2962871484587116, 0.38333722052017327, -0.08396040417842175, 0.20081801592421375, -0.02501679538200781, 0.1454205282268384, 0.044946225746044594, 0.049048033469405616, -0.03518535663093453, -0.23016100726090372, 0.0930144038866274, 0.29540093272532286, 0.10083546891110018, 0.23718669328005298, -0.33024810100170343, -0.1097765740399298, 0.28269936852647287, 0.15263585906818902, -0.16848027162057788, 0.07175284749093025, -0.23717602184900133, 0.18690075668487943, -0.11749084252637419, -0.10385823839858763, -0.058112564741780885, 0.15784815988674955, 0.06415417669095884, -0.31227453605664013, -0.09790024649057734, 0.07929632234079595, 0.1973437974229455, -0.015340927672743993, -0.12842893186270407, -0.10399473636215062, -0.030851501770819977, -0.055184864301209974, 0.1762056532070825, 0.12033716031337942, -0.049392853973825514, -0.04776549528009797, 0.36206233532682647, -0.13422631221137157, -0.23654268755528488, 0.04930049994666325, -0.17207430549407085, -0.07716429244579845, 0.15711232879517698, 0.13335600885023413, 0.19356450837987818, 0.03856198148078922, 0.29066111472600725, -0.1096709539993562, 0.11119579300774556, 0.06054459506106612, -0.031092193014429587, 0.13591079705541856, 0.0974362654439909, 0.0690039896442996, 0.052971269203178385, -0.07107207867145342, 0.028583658228040133, -0.42517423448397923, -0.19991114295675957, -0.15736882731404253, 0.27409330955216366, -0.18320640866410318, -0.1171126481831858, 0.3677649394008576, -0.017546892965727142, 0.26352241716200586, 0.10980061255395412, 0.1937591289905341, 0.0199605338397975, 0.019289128617138454, 0.061569778383464405, 0.04016526740681576, 0.2093715554740476, -0.041339614895772876, -0.13421741002668186, -0.05268657424389139, 0.18796136035387845] |
712.1795 | E(11)-extended spacetime and gauged supergravities | We formulate all the five dimensional gauged maximal supergravity theories as
non-linear realisations of the semi-direct product of E_{11} and a set of
generators which transform according to the first fundamental representation l
of E_{11}. The latter introduces a generalised space-time which plays a crucial
role for these theories. We derive the E_{11} and l transformations of all the
form fields and their dynamics. We also formulate the five dimensional gauged
supergravity theories using the closure of the supersymmetry algebra. We show
that this closes on the bosonic field content predicted by E_{11} and we derive
the field transformations and the dynamics of this theory. The results are in
precise agreement with those found from the E_{11} formulation. This provides a
very detailed check of E_{11} and also the first substantial evidence for the
generalised space-time. The results can be generalised to all gauged maximal
supergravities, thus providing a unified framework of all these theories as
part of E_{11}.
| hep-th | we formulate all the five dimensional gauged maximal supergravity theories as nonlinear realisations of the semidirect product of e_11 and a set of generators which transform according to the first fundamental representation l of e_11 the latter introduces a generalised spacetime which plays a crucial role for these theories we derive the e_11 and l transformations of all the form fields and their dynamics we also formulate the five dimensional gauged supergravity theories using the closure of the supersymmetry algebra we show that this closes on the bosonic field content predicted by e_11 and we derive the field transformations and the dynamics of this theory the results are in precise agreement with those found from the e_11 formulation this provides a very detailed check of e_11 and also the first substantial evidence for the generalised spacetime the results can be generalised to all gauged maximal supergravities thus providing a unified framework of all these theories as part of e_11 | [['we', 'formulate', 'all', 'the', 'five', 'dimensional', 'gauged', 'maximal', 'supergravity', 'theories', 'as', 'nonlinear', 'realisations', 'of', 'the', 'semidirect', 'product', 'of', 'e_11', 'and', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'generators', 'which', 'transform', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'first', 'fundamental', 'representation', 'l', 'of', 'e_11', 'the', 'latter', 'introduces', 'a', 'generalised', 'spacetime', 'which', 'plays', 'a', 'crucial', 'role', 'for', 'these', 'theories', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'e_11', 'and', 'l', 'transformations', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'form', 'fields', 'and', 'their', 'dynamics', 'we', 'also', 'formulate', 'the', 'five', 'dimensional', 'gauged', 'supergravity', 'theories', 'using', 'the', 'closure', 'of', 'the', 'supersymmetry', 'algebra', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'closes', 'on', 'the', 'bosonic', 'field', 'content', 'predicted', 'by', 'e_11', 'and', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'field', 'transformations', 'and', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'this', 'theory', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'in', 'precise', 'agreement', 'with', 'those', 'found', 'from', 'the', 'e_11', 'formulation', 'this', 'provides', 'a', 'very', 'detailed', 'check', 'of', 'e_11', 'and', 'also', 'the', 'first', 'substantial', 'evidence', 'for', 'the', 'generalised', 'spacetime', 'the', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'generalised', 'to', 'all', 'gauged', 'maximal', 'supergravities', 'thus', 'providing', 'a', 'unified', 'framework', 'of', 'all', 'these', 'theories', 'as', 'part', 'of', 'e_11']] | [-0.13128629982846338, 0.11146514841689253, -0.04097654557136713, 0.07389067578694707, -0.09135957297710877, -0.09647398407471443, -0.005336039738419156, 0.3007317707938312, -0.21328505935768285, -0.2781850317926527, 0.10228990382916124, -0.22832516425599655, -0.1979222770124299, 0.1409058572765463, -0.033128808767962384, -0.003941437701032784, -0.02708086198775695, 0.05808463977040641, -0.12410043523231018, -0.25375644282478865, 0.34664645957696083, 0.016282550451703043, 0.27834757097920626, -0.010673767236887285, 0.12401856422869477, -0.0006160552513861807, -0.042757028066582464, 0.023337866359347488, -0.1360773435582311, 0.16117123804427097, 0.22560795169574818, 0.11735218819582237, 0.15957854093058305, -0.4307217280726013, -0.20056496500535487, 0.08602147557591118, 0.16196160494355755, 0.14040500080980267, -0.031068220767543984, -0.2774160833877025, 0.043179173716607525, -0.19286437850861382, -0.14216153654884897, -0.11476466744411853, 0.005080964889248494, -0.07544180026289614, -0.2497988883951392, 0.07146785602979537, 0.07282091490118969, 0.07011694105271742, -0.09788850616113101, -0.08108849782473261, -0.07348473673926538, 0.09726009508829166, 0.06328275427222252, 0.011838089247122876, 0.0723825851426044, -0.13476892436919338, -0.1567565941518325, 0.40678450117274273, -0.05248434124397313, -0.21611685412438036, 0.15355541056414493, -0.14242859467360303, -0.19043841975032347, 0.06107861215963303, 0.09879071906255851, 0.13934741355872307, -0.1320831101247162, 0.17492746171444865, -0.08999792293428718, 0.0948357559922122, 0.0493780746440983, 0.07140208774574106, 0.23427557167684976, 0.10257268601987488, 0.04314692075285217, 0.13178914617205262, 0.0038038768890495383, -0.0763350071739874, -0.4474035326930337, -0.17542130929423766, -0.06070399857506906, 0.0923730035066464, -0.1395651609397057, -0.12200447180126824, 0.4169325170461557, 0.11759109863405169, 0.16672722392850234, 0.08590802503017557, 0.18790987292421782, 0.1391511630983884, 0.10649192990858178, 0.056008823912989045, 0.21922489646353624, 0.18035351360398316, 0.037686471209375176, -0.21586225437638848, -0.11552300668649564, 0.14529971743687847] |
712.1796 | Fundamental parameter-free solutions in Modified Gravity | Modified Gravity (MOG) has been used successfully to explain the rotation
curves of galaxies, the motion of galaxy clusters, the Bullet Cluster, and
cosmological observations without the use of dark matter or Einstein's
cosmological constant. We now have the ability to demonstrate how these
solutions can be obtained directly from the action principle, without resorting
to the use of fitted parameters or empirical formulae. We obtain numerical
solutions to the theory's field equations that are exact in the sense that no
terms are omitted, in two important cases: the spherically symmetric, static
vacuum solution and the cosmological case of an homogeneous, isotropic
universe. We compare these results to selected astrophysical and cosmological
observations.
| gr-qc astro-ph | modified gravity mog has been used successfully to explain the rotation curves of galaxies the motion of galaxy clusters the bullet cluster and cosmological observations without the use of dark matter or einsteins cosmological constant we now have the ability to demonstrate how these solutions can be obtained directly from the action principle without resorting to the use of fitted parameters or empirical formulae we obtain numerical solutions to the theorys field equations that are exact in the sense that no terms are omitted in two important cases the spherically symmetric static vacuum solution and the cosmological case of an homogeneous isotropic universe we compare these results to selected astrophysical and cosmological observations | [['modified', 'gravity', 'mog', 'has', 'been', 'used', 'successfully', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'rotation', 'curves', 'of', 'galaxies', 'the', 'motion', 'of', 'galaxy', 'clusters', 'the', 'bullet', 'cluster', 'and', 'cosmological', 'observations', 'without', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'dark', 'matter', 'or', 'einsteins', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'we', 'now', 'have', 'the', 'ability', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'how', 'these', 'solutions', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'directly', 'from', 'the', 'action', 'principle', 'without', 'resorting', 'to', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'fitted', 'parameters', 'or', 'empirical', 'formulae', 'we', 'obtain', 'numerical', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'theorys', 'field', 'equations', 'that', 'are', 'exact', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'that', 'no', 'terms', 'are', 'omitted', 'in', 'two', 'important', 'cases', 'the', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'static', 'vacuum', 'solution', 'and', 'the', 'cosmological', 'case', 'of', 'an', 'homogeneous', 'isotropic', 'universe', 'we', 'compare', 'these', 'results', 'to', 'selected', 'astrophysical', 'and', 'cosmological', 'observations']] | [-0.07474274385258951, 0.042109415695868097, -0.12464778722403982, 0.12170576628099765, -0.1465884133188499, -0.09873490562596549, -0.03702654709330702, 0.38172255530623733, -0.20329460604281158, -0.3364022548384635, 0.09563671948956902, -0.249310564029286, -0.08869744644426139, 0.1988474652428691, -0.008067893367095859, 0.0558088502179073, 0.028692879887149397, 0.022433379368312592, -0.04638684358740374, -0.3084966713949972, 0.3506496662842687, 0.047289014165495746, 0.20264764191104775, -0.054018264972250415, 0.1015183838925003, -0.08442259255582385, -0.056875139895200204, 0.07021019430492066, -0.19963300462868333, 0.05248200351349696, 0.2060480874054447, 0.14836083438898545, 0.19983453303369472, -0.45757322086730096, -0.24900352272444068, 0.13815367653702212, 0.15775257479234606, 0.18616633881625216, -0.07694933629405182, -0.30789692244756206, 0.07117597957397193, -0.1748458211788232, -0.19012457991546367, -0.0891615451206412, -0.03128204457111558, 0.029259730492042692, -0.21307967931229985, 0.11687272573631685, -0.008204188919008043, -0.04715378948413165, -0.14775544905260338, -0.08260767676546114, 0.00754468894019657, 0.1200518746555379, 0.11673687853998777, 0.002784486409828924, 0.1301571843131915, -0.15094050608443477, -0.09388474365222407, 0.4375196767773117, -0.116902820691796, -0.20044953047207234, 0.17772140934964462, -0.1515365535088411, -0.11950052987817114, 0.06815131733902788, 0.11499049858214845, 0.10396763424397307, -0.1611322196678514, 0.12281458489277475, -0.02973449876556684, 0.182878257512049, 0.09134001302145488, -0.013633620586175167, 0.27205335567252037, 0.018781052399591533, 0.0013050262216659906, 0.08130430219390025, -0.07541260531633696, -0.09607597843504849, -0.3159108232476015, -0.1014350739470477, -0.1496487074960188, 0.0756877421203638, -0.1671996112554633, -0.14817951847304614, 0.3190633258823536, 0.15596986769294713, 0.1323057359488335, 0.05361530243262517, 0.2679175817638438, 0.07901341910680047, 0.039645639233769174, 0.07463434713983298, 0.33685583991319995, 0.15628768958406836, 0.08260481358251835, -0.22956539784038885, 0.015596263254869036, 0.03481593884453507] |
712.1797 | Lens space surgeries & primitive/Seifert type constructions | We show that lens space surgeries on knots in $S^3$ which arise from the
primitive/Seifert type construction also arise from the primitive/primitive
construction. This is the first step of a three step program to prove the Berge
conjecture for tunnel number one knots.
| math.GT | we show that lens space surgeries on knots in s3 which arise from the primitiveseifert type construction also arise from the primitiveprimitive construction this is the first step of a three step program to prove the berge conjecture for tunnel number one knots | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'lens', 'space', 'surgeries', 'on', 'knots', 'in', 's3', 'which', 'arise', 'from', 'the', 'primitiveseifert', 'type', 'construction', 'also', 'arise', 'from', 'the', 'primitiveprimitive', 'construction', 'this', 'is', 'the', 'first', 'step', 'of', 'a', 'three', 'step', 'program', 'to', 'prove', 'the', 'berge', 'conjecture', 'for', 'tunnel', 'number', 'one', 'knots']] | [-0.22271433195402457, 0.04390464725276066, -0.11876083106928786, 0.08023486719575039, -0.0876179298949103, -0.15182878223226168, -0.0140079555080034, 0.3459572710616644, -0.27661633465525715, -0.3386354411324096, 0.10721377387025588, -0.21507455761067915, -0.19598284943115918, 0.24791664898742077, -0.09889934534683477, -0.0475304355996466, 0.12083476462379791, -0.02257316810793655, -0.014501622504403079, -0.3061561711825604, 0.3690987590722047, -0.10102032883049444, 0.16102899666225842, 0.059070480172522366, 0.09575398692991151, -0.009435754350581489, -0.011313043361486391, 0.0015428699221364547, -0.18265045181456221, 0.09202491457920609, 0.24203834734683813, 0.08160904897268602, 0.160508735062078, -0.37159745087630525, -0.15983003621980504, 0.11298036820060292, 0.13612230102596587, 0.10744169043366213, -0.019832484594676212, -0.258774658665061, 0.04384215154446835, -0.1476226247154003, -0.16011091316292106, 0.03289596988754564, -0.017412097258276717, 0.0019391357119000236, -0.1493829163007958, -0.03626144615199612, 0.08777660096800605, 0.03654578347625428, 0.03271140998532606, -0.09651355629483628, -0.03163485211688419, 0.14038161361091878, 0.07483615934697174, 0.09878688301284645, 0.07455729045580294, -0.1081557719924942, -0.15590907732934453, 0.3476861375167446, -0.02256721975065248, -0.18540481222403604, 0.1356429782652751, -0.12338261603009562, -0.3168094015008835, 0.21776920442231174, 0.07732258936346964, 0.15927340087026012, -0.018839055109162662, 0.06356643112159746, -0.14661083197177843, 0.11100162717318812, 0.12660726959015742, -0.021740839437603257, 0.1740831509232521, 0.0728360389380954, 0.12583027403195238, 0.19179444378891655, -0.08965849241263471, -0.028729907042065333, -0.38498148235470747, -0.2643083382606355, -0.1752136937602488, 0.11929543188578168, -0.07426383081000558, -0.1668156215617823, 0.3683089629400435, 0.06158592915812204, 0.1802297353657872, 0.1512277560595553, 0.24544527780177983, 0.007387137581962485, 0.08431099775398887, 0.0670206343300294, 0.18227486128290726, 0.07525827068575593, 0.00381032872381945, -0.11536922191572917, -0.025501207329419462, 0.23669934261936781] |
712.1798 | Fractional generalization of Fick's law: a microscopic approach | In the study of transport in inhomogeneous systems it is common to construct
transport equations invoking the inhomogeneous Fick law. The validity of this
approach requires that at least two ingredients be present in the system.
First, finite characteristic length and time scales associated to the dominant
transport process must exist. Secondly, the transport mechanism must satisfy a
microscopic symmetry: global reversibility. Global reversibility is often
satisfied in nature. However, many complex systems exhibit a lack of finite
characteristic scales. In this Letter we show how to construct a generalization
of the inhomogeneous Fick law that does not require the existence of
characteristic scales while still satisfying global reversibility.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | in the study of transport in inhomogeneous systems it is common to construct transport equations invoking the inhomogeneous fick law the validity of this approach requires that at least two ingredients be present in the system first finite characteristic length and time scales associated to the dominant transport process must exist secondly the transport mechanism must satisfy a microscopic symmetry global reversibility global reversibility is often satisfied in nature however many complex systems exhibit a lack of finite characteristic scales in this letter we show how to construct a generalization of the inhomogeneous fick law that does not require the existence of characteristic scales while still satisfying global reversibility | [['in', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'transport', 'in', 'inhomogeneous', 'systems', 'it', 'is', 'common', 'to', 'construct', 'transport', 'equations', 'invoking', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'fick', 'law', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'this', 'approach', 'requires', 'that', 'at', 'least', 'two', 'ingredients', 'be', 'present', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'first', 'finite', 'characteristic', 'length', 'and', 'time', 'scales', 'associated', 'to', 'the', 'dominant', 'transport', 'process', 'must', 'exist', 'secondly', 'the', 'transport', 'mechanism', 'must', 'satisfy', 'a', 'microscopic', 'symmetry', 'global', 'reversibility', 'global', 'reversibility', 'is', 'often', 'satisfied', 'in', 'nature', 'however', 'many', 'complex', 'systems', 'exhibit', 'a', 'lack', 'of', 'finite', 'characteristic', 'scales', 'in', 'this', 'letter', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'construct', 'a', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'fick', 'law', 'that', 'does', 'not', 'require', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'characteristic', 'scales', 'while', 'still', 'satisfying', 'global', 'reversibility']] | [-0.19276606186972334, 0.1326842191287342, -0.13119159230894042, 0.08321797300764339, -0.07910337655403472, -0.13750620125664756, -0.02549669279187166, 0.3076101004684327, -0.3368005950106393, -0.25569983793918144, 0.10159696217246114, -0.2014448901792185, -0.12332904070547414, 0.15674930861766595, -0.022073004215340548, 0.04096793331667234, -0.014030361817209819, 0.0004641931106703817, -0.05709505672865641, -0.19442687326307417, 0.3477323737525202, 0.03537865109963838, 0.2984538713743517, 0.060910881678531065, 0.1342539992610659, -0.03701203635791231, 0.009149520508432334, 0.04394196441243275, -0.12934730970581093, 0.058485182274000534, 0.22095850258296645, 0.06902178637512507, 0.2563035626203642, -0.4607864348986827, -0.2730829795489276, 0.14180095461752573, 0.17705207937204817, 0.11493413039021741, -0.0278830761089921, -0.15147750524786907, 0.12942155924788035, -0.10943903815889851, -0.189411666124649, -0.09241665897190297, 0.014542119641608875, 0.022885797172037183, -0.23338357263902595, 0.1576117263730923, 0.1401008321655863, 0.06997976233446308, -0.071795510743326, -0.015305388111134119, 0.007965196355527967, 0.11663985928657268, 0.03956315300396404, -0.05097578212388133, 0.08773758902039311, -0.11443249880840335, -0.0834563814718789, 0.41128637969767284, -0.03247557655446778, -0.21200257037347608, 0.2169344669994001, -0.1587047818727757, -0.16857207571626256, 0.1381403471368852, 0.1395377153701602, 0.11083631459989375, -0.179900445650682, 0.09945090416415142, -0.04738053870002885, 0.19215578391054355, 0.03221199448741631, 0.07669724113043022, 0.1830920262108429, 0.15609646776750888, 0.0804113171254541, 0.07873344550725209, -0.00924760947610602, -0.15584985710202007, -0.3637068286076735, -0.15740031651605707, -0.17559388567215053, 0.13660061968409845, -0.04227078271110717, -0.16246083013098175, 0.3495046515338157, 0.19838156073072225, 0.18504670619913335, 0.0669949216887765, 0.24503189467167089, 0.13434445521785715, 0.0713376186856436, 0.08994481915078305, 0.19888205267916167, 0.11969841917690505, 0.12222308214591525, -0.2628395689545635, 0.11019465136726242, 0.07512369114956861] |
712.1799 | S_3-flavour symmetry as realized in lepton flavour violating processes | A variety of lepton flavour violating effects related to the recent discovery
of neutrino oscillations and mixings is here systematically discussed in terms
of an S_3-flavour permutational symmetry. After a brief review of some relevant
results on lepton masses and mixings, that had been derived in the framework of
a Minimal S_3-Invariant Extension of the Standard Model, we derive explicit
analytical expressions for the matrices of the Yukawa couplings and compute the
branching ratios of some selected flavour changing neutral current (FCNC)
processes, as well as, the contribution of the exchange of neutral flavour
changing scalars to the anomaly of the muon's magnetic moment as functions of
the masses of the charged leptons and the neutral Higgs bosons. We find that
the S_3 x Z_2 flavour symmetry and the strong mass hierarchy of the charged
leptons strongly suppress the FCNC processes in the leptonic sector well below
the present experimental upper bounds by many orders of magnitude. The
contribution of FCNC to the anomaly of the muon's magnetic moment is small but
non-negligible.
| hep-ph | a variety of lepton flavour violating effects related to the recent discovery of neutrino oscillations and mixings is here systematically discussed in terms of an s_3flavour permutational symmetry after a brief review of some relevant results on lepton masses and mixings that had been derived in the framework of a minimal s_3invariant extension of the standard model we derive explicit analytical expressions for the matrices of the yukawa couplings and compute the branching ratios of some selected flavour changing neutral current fcnc processes as well as the contribution of the exchange of neutral flavour changing scalars to the anomaly of the muons magnetic moment as functions of the masses of the charged leptons and the neutral higgs bosons we find that the s_3 x z_2 flavour symmetry and the strong mass hierarchy of the charged leptons strongly suppress the fcnc processes in the leptonic sector well below the present experimental upper bounds by many orders of magnitude the contribution of fcnc to the anomaly of the muons magnetic moment is small but nonnegligible | [['a', 'variety', 'of', 'lepton', 'flavour', 'violating', 'effects', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'recent', 'discovery', 'of', 'neutrino', 'oscillations', 'and', 'mixings', 'is', 'here', 'systematically', 'discussed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'an', 's_3flavour', 'permutational', 'symmetry', 'after', 'a', 'brief', 'review', 'of', 'some', 'relevant', 'results', 'on', 'lepton', 'masses', 'and', 'mixings', 'that', 'had', 'been', 'derived', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'a', 'minimal', 's_3invariant', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'we', 'derive', 'explicit', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'matrices', 'of', 'the', 'yukawa', 'couplings', 'and', 'compute', 'the', 'branching', 'ratios', 'of', 'some', 'selected', 'flavour', 'changing', 'neutral', 'current', 'fcnc', 'processes', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'the', 'exchange', 'of', 'neutral', 'flavour', 'changing', 'scalars', 'to', 'the', 'anomaly', 'of', 'the', 'muons', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'as', 'functions', 'of', 'the', 'masses', 'of', 'the', 'charged', 'leptons', 'and', 'the', 'neutral', 'higgs', 'bosons', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 's_3', 'x', 'z_2', 'flavour', 'symmetry', 'and', 'the', 'strong', 'mass', 'hierarchy', 'of', 'the', 'charged', 'leptons', 'strongly', 'suppress', 'the', 'fcnc', 'processes', 'in', 'the', 'leptonic', 'sector', 'well', 'below', 'the', 'present', 'experimental', 'upper', 'bounds', 'by', 'many', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'the', 'contribution', 'of', 'fcnc', 'to', 'the', 'anomaly', 'of', 'the', 'muons', 'magnetic', 'moment', 'is', 'small', 'but', 'nonnegligible']] | [-0.12888998342820085, 0.2825117483417819, 0.055640885696426945, 0.1689928304579997, -0.056514279592002545, -0.11800726845611406, 0.0776031959665192, 0.27614165621344, -0.20901886130233707, -0.3140157169126364, 0.041977993237683114, -0.2881011857115122, -0.035199002332330226, 0.09805897784116137, 0.06375127232519823, 0.04334025292354094, -0.001598725134647603, -0.00731526720770743, -0.09726901380291078, -0.2357330470627477, 0.2935642504707239, 0.022157839366754646, 0.2176276301385748, 0.1431127099813027, 0.0630409192607933, -0.04093412451749278, -0.06659051344924888, -0.0793044370664067, -0.09840533013850164, 0.07542896909682556, 0.12931597224696603, 0.08154594783026856, 0.04264744160003787, -0.3933286112570745, -0.10385130325245649, 0.16029062116421153, 0.16138226948380688, 0.11845686381444508, -0.10707576207608137, -0.34909445959749785, 0.06529472976500644, -0.20893969105794852, -0.1268820649846782, -0.09328125720453817, -0.013224864191765528, -0.04489608764713413, -0.3436311562714806, 0.0921954135234511, 0.010503932074264645, 0.03075677601990783, -0.004214182575260354, -0.22439043639162773, -0.05350063850041912, 0.06190961096327492, 0.23688894590067808, -0.006262505584705058, 0.1756584861039639, -0.20789740685113642, -0.18988430286692673, 0.41506981683981625, -0.10616380645119217, -0.188355116047734, 0.1488493238379475, -0.2103018840676076, -0.18461328799847168, 0.12073293596581924, 0.21133579818401918, 0.07631567404009836, -0.2082884571607073, 0.18254713381086962, -0.0934190767692662, 0.09248091968122957, 0.025904429036864015, 0.06635438759004438, 0.2395438957840291, 0.1656519452591838, 0.06773558792862554, 0.04540994697992235, -0.043349724754333754, -0.04627266057853609, -0.4130965227932604, -0.13249570078238151, -0.07079852497215967, 0.0833140732206101, -0.07469874212941693, -0.13483592482800813, 0.45730997627698494, 0.1323548253452362, 0.24474500044625316, 0.005137477589901103, 0.29855068107298033, 0.0971043509550306, 0.08532795902926388, -0.00934472716776221, 0.28277706768164723, 0.206869974598386, 0.11101452833268964, -0.2775665908310086, 0.04827119262826759, 0.09382943671838337] |
712.18 | Conception d'outils de communication sp\'ecifiques au contexte
\'educatif | In a distance learning context, providing usual communication tools (forum,
chat, ...) is not always enough to create efficient interactions between
learners and to favour collective knowledge building. A solution consists in
setting-up collective activities which encourage learners to communicate. But,
even in that case, tools can sometimes become a barrier to communication. We
present in this paper examples of specific tools that are designed in order to
favour and to guide communications in an educational context, but also to
foster interactions during learning activities that are not inherently
collaborative. We describe synchronous communication tools (semi-structured
chat), asynchronous tools (temporally structured forum, contextual forum) and a
system which promotes mutual aid between learners.
| cs.HC | in a distance learning context providing usual communication tools forum chat is not always enough to create efficient interactions between learners and to favour collective knowledge building a solution consists in settingup collective activities which encourage learners to communicate but even in that case tools can sometimes become a barrier to communication we present in this paper examples of specific tools that are designed in order to favour and to guide communications in an educational context but also to foster interactions during learning activities that are not inherently collaborative we describe synchronous communication tools semistructured chat asynchronous tools temporally structured forum contextual forum and a system which promotes mutual aid between learners | [['in', 'a', 'distance', 'learning', 'context', 'providing', 'usual', 'communication', 'tools', 'forum', 'chat', 'is', 'not', 'always', 'enough', 'to', 'create', 'efficient', 'interactions', 'between', 'learners', 'and', 'to', 'favour', 'collective', 'knowledge', 'building', 'a', 'solution', 'consists', 'in', 'settingup', 'collective', 'activities', 'which', 'encourage', 'learners', 'to', 'communicate', 'but', 'even', 'in', 'that', 'case', 'tools', 'can', 'sometimes', 'become', 'a', 'barrier', 'to', 'communication', 'we', 'present', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'examples', 'of', 'specific', 'tools', 'that', 'are', 'designed', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'favour', 'and', 'to', 'guide', 'communications', 'in', 'an', 'educational', 'context', 'but', 'also', 'to', 'foster', 'interactions', 'during', 'learning', 'activities', 'that', 'are', 'not', 'inherently', 'collaborative', 'we', 'describe', 'synchronous', 'communication', 'tools', 'semistructured', 'chat', 'asynchronous', 'tools', 'temporally', 'structured', 'forum', 'contextual', 'forum', 'and', 'a', 'system', 'which', 'promotes', 'mutual', 'aid', 'between', 'learners']] | [-0.12041433702792606, 0.09323304812915012, -0.08257301200501388, 0.11898995297295707, -0.21262305123465403, -0.22556604609625147, 0.08196400755280463, 0.44846605396430406, -0.2679439687053673, -0.33259983172839774, 0.05854189986504415, -0.27689943871726946, -0.20100752524740528, 0.15592710169065477, -0.1190067899546453, -0.04200580561259163, 0.08935436995566956, 0.05146824444403007, 0.03278599653692384, -0.270928864698882, 0.2733492814077181, 0.0907223445454812, 0.30699470051331446, 0.028590078925065297, 0.013825913406825359, 0.007341661633940281, -0.05761959871909182, -0.025152771550762867, -0.057104262196909464, 0.19083918540439168, 0.4492621790018997, 0.2304994041291398, 0.39457778639293145, -0.46217061900201123, -0.15552876606151195, 0.07502574322695311, 0.20363234505150882, 0.1121991129766684, -0.07052499817447304, -0.32892881557719583, 0.04909210859997464, -0.22655255868033106, -0.0519391439904991, -0.1534233164181517, -0.02612592005503497, 0.014590344121513357, -0.32298256308006656, -0.036352715598695795, 0.08950766277432974, 0.12310473383487468, -0.016675757822148234, -0.0017807904213051578, 0.04844280011768985, 0.21243501383079483, 0.0423786635905604, 0.02383236402861907, 0.12861528967706753, -0.1541600371154865, -0.16801033928641118, 0.3521843630920297, 0.0031704137270155896, -0.18291435437900613, 0.2925725338302852, -0.031280172373434265, -0.1259405656684456, 0.05670681496017745, 0.2962736302371403, 0.05633645866016325, -0.22790568198875658, -0.00162009464474977, 0.0448582335957326, 0.22468794473180814, 0.012944866485278388, 0.04219084829050449, 0.22471888782456517, 0.1783704189666813, 0.07268475548283147, 0.07981809642348837, 0.04539305211177894, -0.1615404610555353, -0.2176062946049829, -0.1351901259955152, -0.1134157893642883, -0.014775461122033968, -0.00361078177190523, -0.1321423488552682, 0.3128646063809616, 0.19634622194917029, 0.1067783901983473, 0.05653931707118837, 0.31070984036029714, -0.03470284653927332, 0.09067746137692925, 0.1485098634355901, 0.18182601871298434, 0.05176512279805528, 0.21323041242846688, -0.11132001407843616, 0.1042536136769091, 0.015457336092367768] |
712.1801 | Metallicity distribution of red giants in the Inner Galaxy from Near
Infrared spectra | In this paper, we present low resolution (R=500) near-infrared spectra for
selected and serendipitous sources in six inner in-plane Galactic fields, with
the aim of analysing the stellar content present. From the equivalent widths of
the main features of the K band spectra (the NaI, CaI and CO bandheads) we have
derived the metallicities of the sources by means of the empirical scale
obtained by Ram\'irez et al. (2000) and Frogel et al. (2001) for luminous red
giants.
Our results show how the mean metallicity of the sample varies with Galactic
longitude. We find two groups of stars, one whose [Fe/H] is similar to the
values obtained for the bulge in other studies (Molla et al. 2000; Schultehis
et al 2003), and a second one with a metallicity similar to that of the inner
parts of the disc (Rocha-Pinto et al. 2006). The relative density of both
groups of stars in our sample varies in a continuous way from the bulge to the
disc. This could hint at the existence of a single component apart from the
disc and bulge, running from l=7 to l=27 and able to transport disc stars
inwards and bulge stars outwards, which could be the Galactic bar that has been
detected in previous works as an overdensity of stars located at those galactic
coordinates (Hammersley et al. 1994, 2000; Picaud et al. 2003).
| astro-ph | in this paper we present low resolution r500 nearinfrared spectra for selected and serendipitous sources in six inner inplane galactic fields with the aim of analysing the stellar content present from the equivalent widths of the main features of the k band spectra the nai cai and co bandheads we have derived the metallicities of the sources by means of the empirical scale obtained by ramirez et al 2000 and frogel et al 2001 for luminous red giants our results show how the mean metallicity of the sample varies with galactic longitude we find two groups of stars one whose feh is similar to the values obtained for the bulge in other studies molla et al 2000 schultehis et al 2003 and a second one with a metallicity similar to that of the inner parts of the disc rochapinto et al 2006 the relative density of both groups of stars in our sample varies in a continuous way from the bulge to the disc this could hint at the existence of a single component apart from the disc and bulge running from l7 to l27 and able to transport disc stars inwards and bulge stars outwards which could be the galactic bar that has been detected in previous works as an overdensity of stars located at those galactic coordinates hammersley et al 1994 2000 picaud et al 2003 | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'low', 'resolution', 'r500', 'nearinfrared', 'spectra', 'for', 'selected', 'and', 'serendipitous', 'sources', 'in', 'six', 'inner', 'inplane', 'galactic', 'fields', 'with', 'the', 'aim', 'of', 'analysing', 'the', 'stellar', 'content', 'present', 'from', 'the', 'equivalent', 'widths', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'k', 'band', 'spectra', 'the', 'nai', 'cai', 'and', 'co', 'bandheads', 'we', 'have', 'derived', 'the', 'metallicities', 'of', 'the', 'sources', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'the', 'empirical', 'scale', 'obtained', 'by', 'ramirez', 'et', 'al', '2000', 'and', 'frogel', 'et', 'al', '2001', 'for', 'luminous', 'red', 'giants', 'our', 'results', 'show', 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'bar', 'that', 'has', 'been', 'detected', 'in', 'previous', 'works', 'as', 'an', 'overdensity', 'of', 'stars', 'located', 'at', 'those', 'galactic', 'coordinates', 'hammersley', 'et', 'al', '1994', '2000', 'picaud', 'et', 'al', '2003']] | [-0.016505911407811154, 0.0686272981116781, -0.06900509888720181, 0.014037948479979403, -0.10699908458006879, -0.004158819577553206, 0.07162529474641714, 0.38757226129579875, -0.17124205379591634, -0.40133461313529145, -0.012550231444507114, -0.3147773689797355, -0.054019379977964695, 0.19744031841282977, -0.10675542624460327, -0.019405856387521556, 0.015160577138627155, -0.13061721755398645, -0.010465077902707788, -0.321682520388729, 0.2838061529191004, 0.09760963074862956, 0.13120081457826827, -0.07899762948819747, 0.03271029347191668, -0.08172845647566848, -0.09744967498092187, -0.004997411924931738, -0.19402196244886405, 0.05654841013666656, 0.23433918603385487, 0.11169078649021685, 0.2103731967632969, -0.31306904554386467, -0.21217857718674674, 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712.1802 | Existence de points fixes enlac\'es \`a une orbite p\'eriodique d'un
hom\'eomorphisme du plan | Let f be an orientation-preserving homeomorphism of the plane such that f-Id
is contracting. Under these hypotheses, we establish the existence, for every
periodic orbit, of a fixed point which has nonzero linking number with this
periodic orbit.
| math.DS | let f be an orientationpreserving homeomorphism of the plane such that fid is contracting under these hypotheses we establish the existence for every periodic orbit of a fixed point which has nonzero linking number with this periodic orbit | [['let', 'f', 'be', 'an', 'orientationpreserving', 'homeomorphism', 'of', 'the', 'plane', 'such', 'that', 'fid', 'is', 'contracting', 'under', 'these', 'hypotheses', 'we', 'establish', 'the', 'existence', 'for', 'every', 'periodic', 'orbit', 'of', 'a', 'fixed', 'point', 'which', 'has', 'nonzero', 'linking', 'number', 'with', 'this', 'periodic', 'orbit']] | [-0.28857045561859485, 0.15568141813587558, -0.11659621942396227, -0.052806171490565726, -0.054573935903853885, -0.14304594250739014, 0.02283239017828907, 0.35511330020074783, -0.3339632261348398, -0.1876973133828295, 0.11596696812806553, -0.2508752283297087, -0.11880575772374868, 0.20809216162581978, -0.09690494192028909, 0.01688884772164257, 0.0746962871451519, 0.09141214081625405, -0.09306729373546611, -0.2324873044302589, 0.3575870471173211, -0.08513188004221056, 0.1277957975582563, -0.012626547790683904, 0.11272220619905152, 0.038981945695061436, 0.08082447981608934, 0.007631365032131343, -0.2003527331530916, 0.052604808545622384, 0.20296348209835982, 0.08278092550800036, 0.2589890795612806, -0.34694921177134874, -0.17576394298751102, 0.27900416225096897, 0.09665800067351053, -0.031419598341208735, -0.09252543186180685, -0.29900739807635546, 0.20835200243776567, -0.0894381906837225, -0.22242762518458462, -0.048854024223002945, 0.13738794541476587, 0.05830056529100004, -0.2782969714975671, -0.042792841559275985, 0.13399643044134504, 0.14384247477803574, -0.07041439501029488, -0.016960522380510445, -0.10063109337352216, 0.1637639849152612, 0.07149861564884256, 0.15756998983162798, 0.08672619276330806, 0.04147551029209832, -0.08450770564377308, 0.36123990483189883, -0.09119253813926327, -0.24356791043752118, 0.19196271896362305, -0.1777762114928153, -0.16078528832938327, 0.15130318980664015, 0.07615105554118361, 0.08565694775040213, -0.09072029134748798, 0.17905943259890927, -0.1825358785786911, 0.14985821470020855, 0.14455504068418554, -0.04965182970964203, 0.28294661584138675, 0.09463762658599176, 0.2428961383227847, 0.13246161458511396, -0.07175219431519508, 0.022068042798261894, -0.3620668708493835, -0.13219242158198827, -0.14388495995234207, 0.1587780716240798, -0.12970505040874214, -0.2367758219816575, 0.363298237225727, 0.0848623571280194, 0.20676824813218495, 0.0764796391748333, 0.20200187053629443, 0.12452282266397226, 0.016493335954452817, 0.12051606352293961, 0.13964581765283487, 0.13530160779574593, -0.09043974940370965, -0.1687736853001345, 0.023518395585645186, 0.1614944141750273] |
712.1803 | Tournament MAC with Constant Size Congestion Window for WLAN | In the context of radio distributed networks, we present a generalized
approach for the Medium Access Control (MAC) with fixed congestion window. Our
protocol is quite simple to analyze and can be used in a lot of different
situations. We give mathematical evidence showing that our performance is
tight, in the sense that no protocol with fixed congestion window can do
better. We also place ourselves in the WiFi/WiMAX framework, and show
experimental results enlightening collision reduction of 14% to 21% compared to
the best known other methods. We show channel capacity improvement, and
fairness considerations.
| cs.NI | in the context of radio distributed networks we present a generalized approach for the medium access control mac with fixed congestion window our protocol is quite simple to analyze and can be used in a lot of different situations we give mathematical evidence showing that our performance is tight in the sense that no protocol with fixed congestion window can do better we also place ourselves in the wifiwimax framework and show experimental results enlightening collision reduction of 14 to 21 compared to the best known other methods we show channel capacity improvement and fairness considerations | [['in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'radio', 'distributed', 'networks', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'generalized', 'approach', 'for', 'the', 'medium', 'access', 'control', 'mac', 'with', 'fixed', 'congestion', 'window', 'our', 'protocol', 'is', 'quite', 'simple', 'to', 'analyze', 'and', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'in', 'a', 'lot', 'of', 'different', 'situations', 'we', 'give', 'mathematical', 'evidence', 'showing', 'that', 'our', 'performance', 'is', 'tight', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'that', 'no', 'protocol', 'with', 'fixed', 'congestion', 'window', 'can', 'do', 'better', 'we', 'also', 'place', 'ourselves', 'in', 'the', 'wifiwimax', 'framework', 'and', 'show', 'experimental', 'results', 'enlightening', 'collision', 'reduction', 'of', '14', 'to', '21', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'best', 'known', 'other', 'methods', 'we', 'show', 'channel', 'capacity', 'improvement', 'and', 'fairness', 'considerations']] | [-0.13423479861383766, 0.018882708231869497, -0.11457158867269754, 0.07088935548488638, -0.08437977021462038, -0.18383885015194354, 0.13179573988002774, 0.4431825554586555, -0.22570838665491658, -0.3161394768247479, 0.07674668209235135, -0.22098227130543244, -0.1680139771246008, 0.21770527003161413, -0.13393355557008793, 0.06416587607052765, 0.07150998845402347, 0.02428876192946183, -0.025451641868628364, -0.2790677086303109, 0.26722809766345706, 0.07079108060018993, 0.3174091299309542, 0.1141232446424271, 0.03803689502375691, -0.025295438833142583, -0.031455573630764296, 0.029765007282166106, -0.12756103512074332, 0.08273595667101051, 0.26461308660279764, 0.1473575125007253, 0.2583926901221275, -0.4155330255725666, -0.2577834432209401, 0.09986072401393598, 0.16354129977622314, 0.12839721296178666, -0.05452702706189532, -0.24617849996215418, 0.12128882023726444, -0.221111969434117, -0.0849615620988372, -0.07441655775826228, -0.05369737935007403, 0.005422511470111969, -0.3019701061182116, 0.02824257587934354, 0.04884415472318467, 0.018546977918595074, -0.05702433497399876, -0.11409546428507096, 0.07770645498347126, 0.14536296439504154, 0.0022400984565090192, 0.005891738138406684, 0.10975503011263515, -0.09001159801294929, -0.16659176044386664, 0.40124189665443016, -0.07019958746080336, -0.18073948460729106, 0.22056129618462078, -0.10652640240855123, -0.15901921858128748, 0.09057354410424044, 0.1959672749434647, 0.06827229247673562, -0.1390161412683818, 0.02323136019189597, -0.07550761653600555, 0.18458139325835202, 0.056010195975633045, 0.07995699482700347, 0.09641834003605733, 0.18913369389544976, 0.11855803948680037, 0.1377331367075002, -0.04574078783196838, -0.13251281085571176, -0.2890058382365264, -0.10927818742531695, -0.12317528173229413, 0.014073304714340913, -0.10073229623912515, -0.07341126869187543, 0.3509088783181812, 0.19459783984838347, 0.17925694592199043, 0.09585141904259983, 0.304957155059827, 0.08251644871320184, 0.041607796900758616, 0.14917941862766287, 0.23892610973531478, 0.058565358915611314, 0.1377381833662328, -0.16399314186878894, 0.052520567399302595, -0.014160620715273055] |
712.1804 | Simplicial complexes and Macaulay's inverse systems | Let $\Delta$ be a simplicial complex on $V = \{x_1,...,x_n\}$, with
Stanley-Reisner ideal $I_{\Delta}\subseteq R = k[x_1,...,x_n]$. The goal of
this paper is to investigate the class of artinian algebras
$A=A(\Delta,a_1,...,a_n)= R/(I_{\Delta},x_1^{a_1},...,x_n^{a_n})$, where each
$a_i \geq 2$. By utilizing the technique of Macaulay's inverse systems, we can
explicitly describe the socle of $A$ in terms of $\Delta$. As a consequence, we
determine the simplicial complexes, that we will call {\em levelable}, for
which there exists a tuple $(a_1,...,a_n)$ such that $A(\Delta,a_1,...,a_n)$ is
a level algebra.
| math.AC math.CO | let delta be a simplicial complex on v x_1x_n with stanleyreisner ideal i_deltasubseteq r kx_1x_n the goal of this paper is to investigate the class of artinian algebras aadeltaa_1a_n ri_deltax_1a_1x_na_n where each a_i geq 2 by utilizing the technique of macaulays inverse systems we can explicitly describe the socle of a in terms of delta as a consequence we determine the simplicial complexes that we will call em levelable for which there exists a tuple a_1a_n such that adeltaa_1a_n is a level algebra | [['let', 'delta', 'be', 'a', 'simplicial', 'complex', 'on', 'v', 'x_1x_n', 'with', 'stanleyreisner', 'ideal', 'i_deltasubseteq', 'r', 'kx_1x_n', 'the', 'goal', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'artinian', 'algebras', 'aadeltaa_1a_n', 'ri_deltax_1a_1x_na_n', 'where', 'each', 'a_i', 'geq', '2', 'by', 'utilizing', 'the', 'technique', 'of', 'macaulays', 'inverse', 'systems', 'we', 'can', 'explicitly', 'describe', 'the', 'socle', 'of', 'a', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'delta', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'we', 'determine', 'the', 'simplicial', 'complexes', 'that', 'we', 'will', 'call', 'em', 'levelable', 'for', 'which', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'tuple', 'a_1a_n', 'such', 'that', 'adeltaa_1a_n', 'is', 'a', 'level', 'algebra']] | [-0.18901371174993423, 0.07699615763834654, -0.01996092873219496, 0.03351770165280845, -0.07474569581711712, -0.1588559994677034, -0.030180562775617894, 0.3439404568754328, -0.3848549547867897, -0.1829398088873579, 0.09187163497494438, -0.2684763864112588, -0.17000273614524838, 0.1365209933883773, -0.1294289469324912, -0.08545437550996073, 0.03429927642290027, 0.12266030973301102, -0.050710257423372984, -0.2353703873948409, 0.39922528406485724, -0.02770463132765144, 0.12873912799076584, 0.03678522418993406, 0.15378906005897966, 0.013178889569527924, 0.027590814685353484, 0.06703080206166188, -0.22397051283060604, 0.11733488687642445, 0.33265437348148763, 0.14664975848072806, 0.28003782768232316, -0.3407131816403797, -0.08899597357660054, 0.2557254512077914, 0.19424513929063836, -0.009672027879740851, 0.012439108613388946, -0.18532349471337137, 0.19008295603980047, -0.18913798603730705, -0.14258168700437707, -0.055929126003040716, 0.10997961960637416, 0.015775886579201773, -0.35523071627204234, -0.026941210138969697, 0.07995737862223998, 0.11641654423258913, -0.0006660431539878631, -0.117110781562634, -0.039535168725519605, 0.04582946588141987, -0.12003005823144355, 0.06339475180758224, 0.07542303754076457, -0.08664237516514288, -0.14025807580149446, 0.4120976696483409, -0.05790944785799067, -0.23076866495494658, 0.09750514429134245, -0.18186939775776595, -0.14162334021276388, 0.06915038397523741, 0.05666877575911199, 0.15349717718214753, -0.0705975374708382, 0.20563420644985178, -0.1701413585493962, 0.10650292592935073, 0.06791596458209917, 0.018625218194360152, 0.16041706160057145, 0.13221287362961073, 0.09416145332253133, 0.1500369811606689, 0.002554129394225012, 0.06507599162152754, -0.36559118010485786, -0.19695458764162582, -0.19903131700658167, 0.17404615197879955, -0.11383909191518353, -0.14023748302283004, 0.39081614000054127, 0.13788418689979992, 0.19500819882915282, 0.0918101863652014, 0.21690499888082299, 0.09040694191114595, 0.04539724191029867, 0.06801985801221469, 0.055520635175829135, 0.1774850099807223, -0.01700774243232818, -0.1463375016569327, 0.02394281371305577, 0.17595364888891196] |
712.1805 | Quantum control of EIT dispersion via atomic tunneling in a double-well
Bose-Einstein condensate | Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an important tool for
controlling light propagation and nonlinear wave mixing in atomic gases with
potential applications ranging from quantum computing to table top tests of
general relativity. Here we consider EIT in an atomic Bose-Einstein Condensate
(BEC) trapped in a double well potential. A weak probe laser propagates through
one of the wells and interacts with atoms in a three-level $\Lambda$
configuration. The well through which the probe propagates is dressed by a
strong control laser with Rabi frequency $\Omega_{\mu}$, as in standard EIT
systems. Tunneling between the wells at the frequency $g$ provides a coherent
coupling between identical electronic states in the two wells, which leads to
the formation of inter-well dressed states. The tunneling in conjunction with
the macroscopic interwell coherence of the BEC wave function, results in the
formation of two ultra-narrow absorption resonances for the probe field that
are inside of the ordinary EIT transparency window. We show that these new
resonances can be interpreted in terms of the inter-well dressed states and the
formation of a novel type of dark state involving the control laser and the
inter-well tunneling. To either side of these ultra-narrow resonances there is
normal dispersion with very large slope controlled by $g$. For realistic values
of $g$, the large slope of this dispersion yields group velocities for the
probe field that are two orders of magnitude slower than standard EIT systems.
We discuss prospects for observing these ultra-narrow resonances and the
corresponding regions of high dispersion experimentally.
| quant-ph | electromagnetically induced transparency eit is an important tool for controlling light propagation and nonlinear wave mixing in atomic gases with potential applications ranging from quantum computing to table top tests of general relativity here we consider eit in an atomic boseeinstein condensate bec trapped in a double well potential a weak probe laser propagates through one of the wells and interacts with atoms in a threelevel lambda configuration the well through which the probe propagates is dressed by a strong control laser with rabi frequency omega_mu as in standard eit systems tunneling between the wells at the frequency g provides a coherent coupling between identical electronic states in the two wells which leads to the formation of interwell dressed states the tunneling in conjunction with the macroscopic interwell coherence of the bec wave function results in the formation of two ultranarrow absorption resonances for the probe field that are inside of the ordinary eit transparency window we show that these new resonances can be interpreted in terms of the interwell dressed states and the formation of a novel type of dark state involving the control laser and the interwell tunneling to either side of these ultranarrow resonances there is normal dispersion with very large slope controlled by g for realistic values of g the large slope of this dispersion yields group velocities for the probe field that are two orders of magnitude slower than standard eit systems we discuss prospects for observing these ultranarrow resonances and the corresponding regions of high dispersion experimentally | [['electromagnetically', 'induced', 'transparency', 'eit', 'is', 'an', 'important', 'tool', 'for', 'controlling', 'light', 'propagation', 'and', 'nonlinear', 'wave', 'mixing', 'in', 'atomic', 'gases', 'with', 'potential', 'applications', 'ranging', 'from', 'quantum', 'computing', 'to', 'table', 'top', 'tests', 'of', 'general', 'relativity', 'here', 'we', 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712.1806 | The Quantum Transverse Field Ising Model on an Infinite Tree from Matrix
Product States | We give a generalization to an infinite tree geometry of Vidal's infinite
time-evolving block decimation (iTEBD) algorithm for simulating an infinite
line of quantum spins. We numerically investigate the quantum Ising model in a
transverse field on the Bethe lattice using the Matrix Product State ansatz. We
observe a second order phase transition, with certain key differences from the
transverse field Ising model on an infinite spin chain. We also investigate a
transverse field Ising model with a specific longitudinal field. When the
transverse field is turned off, this model has a highly degenerate ground state
as opposed to the pure Ising model whose ground state is only doubly
degenerate.
| cond-mat.stat-mech quant-ph | we give a generalization to an infinite tree geometry of vidals infinite timeevolving block decimation itebd algorithm for simulating an infinite line of quantum spins we numerically investigate the quantum ising model in a transverse field on the bethe lattice using the matrix product state ansatz we observe a second order phase transition with certain key differences from the transverse field ising model on an infinite spin chain we also investigate a transverse field ising model with a specific longitudinal field when the transverse field is turned off this model has a highly degenerate ground state as opposed to the pure ising model whose ground state is only doubly degenerate | [['we', 'give', 'a', 'generalization', 'to', 'an', 'infinite', 'tree', 'geometry', 'of', 'vidals', 'infinite', 'timeevolving', 'block', 'decimation', 'itebd', 'algorithm', 'for', 'simulating', 'an', 'infinite', 'line', 'of', 'quantum', 'spins', 'we', 'numerically', 'investigate', 'the', 'quantum', 'ising', 'model', 'in', 'a', 'transverse', 'field', 'on', 'the', 'bethe', 'lattice', 'using', 'the', 'matrix', 'product', 'state', 'ansatz', 'we', 'observe', 'a', 'second', 'order', 'phase', 'transition', 'with', 'certain', 'key', 'differences', 'from', 'the', 'transverse', 'field', 'ising', 'model', 'on', 'an', 'infinite', 'spin', 'chain', 'we', 'also', 'investigate', 'a', 'transverse', 'field', 'ising', 'model', 'with', 'a', 'specific', 'longitudinal', 'field', 'when', 'the', 'transverse', 'field', 'is', 'turned', 'off', 'this', 'model', 'has', 'a', 'highly', 'degenerate', 'ground', 'state', 'as', 'opposed', 'to', 'the', 'pure', 'ising', 'model', 'whose', 'ground', 'state', 'is', 'only', 'doubly', 'degenerate']] | [-0.16386583728546447, 0.2253921113732345, -0.06509810659865087, 0.06740282260579988, -0.05797647900921716, -0.1819629059681161, 0.007117724362549118, 0.38899562615393235, -0.23789709215475754, -0.21873850723813204, 0.0991645888287828, -0.25740677990781313, -0.08777291622351516, 0.11567127631596205, 0.09294254508038813, 0.048355217678049074, 0.046565421516160395, 0.0981853686527095, -0.10013912149747325, -0.21246673726392062, 0.3091823113403569, 0.02283101072746583, 0.3252949123186144, 0.016332906912165608, 0.13813087827928194, 0.09689067781648852, 0.11239117156629536, 0.028818801502612505, -0.14272183251821183, 0.03270963422996415, 0.18304720334497027, -0.010806719306856394, 0.19847539439797401, -0.39775087951936505, -0.19458058678375725, 0.1304181063632396, 0.16516336619599975, 0.2507570895874365, 0.0037977457110008055, -0.2895156360993331, 0.0038076626835390924, -0.2408010751188902, -0.16665856292979284, -0.08985387514218349, -0.04669479089259932, -0.032850044627081264, -0.24522501078688286, 0.052714248742135664, 0.07659023270984604, 0.08069335618545831, -0.03805211518298496, -0.10037317561747676, -0.02106460557234558, 0.07860556803987657, 0.015873479418752886, 0.0803699577184902, 0.06600275840186938, -0.13369604679650035, -0.18419762035323814, 0.3106062418527224, -0.08270172162552956, -0.23574053851718252, 0.13108461105942049, -0.11364119537386366, -0.10852968610230494, 0.12114355247467756, 0.1811178432777524, 0.10005289241248234, -0.1109556070937701, 0.13913497926286336, -0.07379087044180117, 0.17713433797894554, -0.0464308972152966, -0.04482506645674055, 0.22301475478505547, 0.14539443448143588, 0.05534725770597685, 0.2628746197812937, -0.07345806179906834, -0.21637933073904025, -0.27117759857157414, -0.1597205765481869, -0.23375283877407624, 0.1231716363013468, -0.11943683644587344, -0.27550516534088687, 0.4323646646162326, 0.12925555814787335, 0.21981836933727292, 0.022178339543329043, 0.2366609838156199, 0.1462298443699679, 0.011216859502548521, 0.08777391851286996, 0.1615587718022818, 0.23678513042290103, 0.0549308234910396, -0.2448465348954249, -0.011398597400429108, 0.1239545328034596] |
712.1807 | Intrinsic Formulation of Geometric Integrability and Generation of
Conservation Laws | An intrinsic version of the integrability theorem for the classical Backlund
theorem is presented. It is characterized by a one-form which can be put in the
form of a Riccati system. It is shown how this system can be linearized. Based
on this, a procedure for generating an infinite number of conservation laws is
given.
| math-ph math.MP | an intrinsic version of the integrability theorem for the classical backlund theorem is presented it is characterized by a oneform which can be put in the form of a riccati system it is shown how this system can be linearized based on this a procedure for generating an infinite number of conservation laws is given | [['an', 'intrinsic', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'integrability', 'theorem', 'for', 'the', 'classical', 'backlund', 'theorem', 'is', 'presented', 'it', 'is', 'characterized', 'by', 'a', 'oneform', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'put', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'a', 'riccati', 'system', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'how', 'this', 'system', 'can', 'be', 'linearized', 'based', 'on', 'this', 'a', 'procedure', 'for', 'generating', 'an', 'infinite', 'number', 'of', 'conservation', 'laws', 'is', 'given']] | [-0.16852878000036897, 0.08457010570035146, -0.17658684213053097, 0.07425609256818214, -0.10047511976550925, -0.14934849943119016, -0.021079427566887302, 0.2759724795818329, -0.30680463784797624, -0.2616478203372522, 0.13472427113659002, -0.21528918783773077, -0.18266880038109692, 0.24312536003576082, -0.10792820136994123, 0.026567789979956367, 0.033519195354628294, 0.05613459554416212, -0.047068276273256, -0.25611479742960497, 0.3296258816156875, 0.022347659820860084, 0.26394412189044736, 0.04024331049824303, 0.16863525804470886, 0.004547584708780051, 0.03315770538015799, 0.022110056013546205, -0.06107956508005207, 0.09711271539669145, 0.20973132803020153, 0.13180946446955205, 0.25439384354447775, -0.36642615551298313, -0.1563040721484206, 0.11345680864443156, 0.1428037462523207, 0.13282029602295634, -0.044938568341207095, -0.3020907225341282, 0.10815628229386427, -0.16458429159935226, -0.21074705879965966, -0.090553195503625, 0.019535290585322815, 0.03165135326033289, -0.2632881818339229, 0.050579082864252, 0.14142116773873567, 0.036576004732738844, -0.05343802324072881, -5.651476623659784e-05, -0.04727554372088476, 0.05365195501257073, 0.03277488719587299, 0.03182110975242474, 0.06082197132266381, -0.06489100929518993, -0.09772845830091022, 0.38771650884088804, -0.007929594721645117, -0.336506032875993, 0.09427358940328387, -0.04273723513734612, -0.15395620919086717, 0.10001227903095158, 0.11080562420697375, 0.12786325632848522, -0.23314621827819132, 0.12604122336276552, -0.12101308816874569, 0.17975869226184757, 0.043966917304152794, -0.006373309030790221, 0.20117642694914883, 0.16817946926775304, 0.09625482157042081, 0.1633982624816285, 0.028461942334913396, -0.09185807182538239, -0.36293702775781805, -0.1892831945114515, -0.2097046924035319, 0.12675560910085384, -0.07861800625581633, -0.1505127097749871, 0.3508936762936752, 0.10620857738275928, 0.1430174672976136, 0.04915152942465449, 0.24052642986855724, 0.30404157613150096, 0.07733654886568812, 0.0581646153703332, 0.21009750325571408, 0.19242059761573646, 0.08600446435368873, -0.1832334241745147, 0.02891295984895392, 0.20284595772285352] |
712.1808 | The FFLO state in the one-dimensional attractive Hubbard model and its
fingerprint in the spatial noise correlations | We explore the pairing properties of the one-dimensional attractive Hubbard
model in the presence of finite spin polarization. The correlation exponents
for the most important fluctuations are determined as a function of the density
and the polarization. We find that in a system with spin population imbalance,
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO)-type pairing at wavevector
Q=|k_{F,\uparrow}-k_{F,\downarrow}| is always dominant and there is no
Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit. We then investigate the case of weakly coupled 1D
systems and determine the region of stability of the 1D FFLO phase. This
picture is corroborated by density-matrix-renormalization-group (DMRG)
simulations of the spatial noise correlations in uniform and trapped systems,
unambiguously revealing the presence of fermion pairs with nonzero momentum Q.
This opens up an interesting possibility for experimental studies of FFLO
states.
| cond-mat.str-el | we explore the pairing properties of the onedimensional attractive hubbard model in the presence of finite spin polarization the correlation exponents for the most important fluctuations are determined as a function of the density and the polarization we find that in a system with spin population imbalance fuldeferrelllarkinovchinnikov fflotype pairing at wavevector qk_fuparrowk_fdownarrow is always dominant and there is no chandrasekharclogston limit we then investigate the case of weakly coupled 1d systems and determine the region of stability of the 1d fflo phase this picture is corroborated by densitymatrixrenormalizationgroup dmrg simulations of the spatial noise correlations in uniform and trapped systems unambiguously revealing the presence of fermion pairs with nonzero momentum q this opens up an interesting possibility for experimental studies of fflo states | [['we', 'explore', 'the', 'pairing', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'onedimensional', 'attractive', 'hubbard', 'model', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'finite', 'spin', 'polarization', 'the', 'correlation', 'exponents', 'for', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'determined', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'and', 'the', 'polarization', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'in', 'a', 'system', 'with', 'spin', 'population', 'imbalance', 'fuldeferrelllarkinovchinnikov', 'fflotype', 'pairing', 'at', 'wavevector', 'qk_fuparrowk_fdownarrow', 'is', 'always', 'dominant', 'and', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'chandrasekharclogston', 'limit', 'we', 'then', 'investigate', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'weakly', 'coupled', '1d', 'systems', 'and', 'determine', 'the', 'region', 'of', 'stability', 'of', 'the', '1d', 'fflo', 'phase', 'this', 'picture', 'is', 'corroborated', 'by', 'densitymatrixrenormalizationgroup', 'dmrg', 'simulations', 'of', 'the', 'spatial', 'noise', 'correlations', 'in', 'uniform', 'and', 'trapped', 'systems', 'unambiguously', 'revealing', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'fermion', 'pairs', 'with', 'nonzero', 'momentum', 'q', 'this', 'opens', 'up', 'an', 'interesting', 'possibility', 'for', 'experimental', 'studies', 'of', 'fflo', 'states']] | [-0.23229826070232, 0.20917505527597122, -0.06751302864811407, 0.07993765523358119, 0.020906016510737136, -0.13876227465102342, 0.04772046892865887, 0.345120234207659, -0.23417309121081106, -0.2276878792667625, 0.014655454846182308, -0.30016647568502564, -0.0972725169750203, 0.15162584197839268, 0.0964951175234254, 0.032602703171816266, -0.002419399370144053, -0.018435774573571678, -0.1107273966961775, -0.20800823172387795, 0.3592546861126595, 0.031662963514360105, 0.29154235085215024, 0.07360636682450257, 0.04739924955628509, 0.03537488265182611, 0.04742911437193189, 0.008538536678212203, -0.14975991016245546, 0.04058038278026658, 0.23393145720739433, -0.03373259000907978, 0.20432152800090192, -0.3691353488986085, -0.22679969368547928, 0.11287645064672924, 0.18514159279004708, 0.1668345957778667, -0.0561116153215308, -0.29365322682665795, 0.038029761945192773, -0.19432822297652805, -0.20253936003711892, -0.11766274826510287, 0.025039782471258223, 0.009644276004405768, -0.25425795467979295, 0.14213595808127788, 0.0729645791546843, 0.08281884193268975, -0.08311222360575406, -0.09571246276855681, -0.06259399053178788, 0.0753505009811417, 0.03921462691718394, 0.030428514225272145, 0.06024877027782604, -0.16470690762881585, -0.10093604990165696, 0.33782920680894724, -0.054951680845899714, -0.1652172819445784, 0.19302020362782768, -0.19311890952152813, -0.07283938364542233, 0.121785948480805, 0.10436165366109794, 0.0701262443288555, -0.09523171184932798, 0.08996432812740587, -0.07124120992422861, 0.2009617097737794, -0.012259965887429511, 0.08511715238096147, 0.2779790751363446, 0.1881590842049781, 0.07468583000202973, 0.17163925381316766, -0.13035283583723675, -0.12010012295596846, -0.2744601069631555, -0.13803889753100107, -0.22252292891706876, 0.020121875113042875, -0.06176295593651617, -0.15469872888662223, 0.41026248228622647, 0.17556633015079953, 0.1937822207233043, -0.03917157518245825, 0.2410384747786523, 0.14173851115913016, 0.027830484637430285, 0.06073285881581345, 0.24405235384507634, 0.1869551133084285, 0.060391606087583434, -0.33445196746416933, 0.04799243518931231, 0.017920876968636867] |
712.1809 | MHD Wave Propagation in the Neighbourhood of Two Null Points | The nature of fast magnetoacoustic and Alfv\'en waves is investigated in a
zero $\beta$ plasma in the neighbourhood of a pair of two-dimensional null
points. This gives an indication of wave propagation in the low $\beta$ solar
corona, for a more complicated magnetic configuration than that looked at by
McLaughlin & Hood (2004). It is found that the fast wave is attracted to the
null points and that the front of the wave slows down as it approaches the null
point pair, with the wave splitting and part of the wave accumulating at one
null and the rest at the other. Current density will then accumulate at these
points and ohmic dissipation will then extract the energy in the wave at these
points. This suggests locations where wave heating will occur in the corona.
The Alfv\'en wave behaves in a different manner in that the wave accumulates
along the separatrices. Hence, the current density will accumulate at this part
of the topology and this is where wave heating will occur. However, the
phenomenon of wave accumulation at a specific place is a feature of both wave
types, and illustrates the importance of studying the topology of the corona
when considering MHD wave propagation.
| astro-ph | the nature of fast magnetoacoustic and alfven waves is investigated in a zero beta plasma in the neighbourhood of a pair of twodimensional null points this gives an indication of wave propagation in the low beta solar corona for a more complicated magnetic configuration than that looked at by mclaughlin hood 2004 it is found that the fast wave is attracted to the null points and that the front of the wave slows down as it approaches the null point pair with the wave splitting and part of the wave accumulating at one null and the rest at the other current density will then accumulate at these points and ohmic dissipation will then extract the energy in the wave at these points this suggests locations where wave heating will occur in the corona the alfven wave behaves in a different manner in that the wave accumulates along the separatrices hence the current density will accumulate at this part of the topology and this is where wave heating will occur however the phenomenon of wave accumulation at a specific place is a feature of both wave types and illustrates the importance of studying the topology of the corona when considering mhd wave propagation | [['the', 'nature', 'of', 'fast', 'magnetoacoustic', 'and', 'alfven', 'waves', 'is', 'investigated', 'in', 'a', 'zero', 'beta', 'plasma', 'in', 'the', 'neighbourhood', 'of', 'a', 'pair', 'of', 'twodimensional', 'null', 'points', 'this', 'gives', 'an', 'indication', 'of', 'wave', 'propagation', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'beta', 'solar', 'corona', 'for', 'a', 'more', 'complicated', 'magnetic', 'configuration', 'than', 'that', 'looked', 'at', 'by', 'mclaughlin', 'hood', '2004', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'fast', 'wave', 'is', 'attracted', 'to', 'the', 'null', 'points', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'front', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'slows', 'down', 'as', 'it', 'approaches', 'the', 'null', 'point', 'pair', 'with', 'the', 'wave', 'splitting', 'and', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'accumulating', 'at', 'one', 'null', 'and', 'the', 'rest', 'at', 'the', 'other', 'current', 'density', 'will', 'then', 'accumulate', 'at', 'these', 'points', 'and', 'ohmic', 'dissipation', 'will', 'then', 'extract', 'the', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'wave', 'at', 'these', 'points', 'this', 'suggests', 'locations', 'where', 'wave', 'heating', 'will', 'occur', 'in', 'the', 'corona', 'the', 'alfven', 'wave', 'behaves', 'in', 'a', 'different', 'manner', 'in', 'that', 'the', 'wave', 'accumulates', 'along', 'the', 'separatrices', 'hence', 'the', 'current', 'density', 'will', 'accumulate', 'at', 'this', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'topology', 'and', 'this', 'is', 'where', 'wave', 'heating', 'will', 'occur', 'however', 'the', 'phenomenon', 'of', 'wave', 'accumulation', 'at', 'a', 'specific', 'place', 'is', 'a', 'feature', 'of', 'both', 'wave', 'types', 'and', 'illustrates', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'studying', 'the', 'topology', 'of', 'the', 'corona', 'when', 'considering', 'mhd', 'wave', 'propagation']] | [-0.19674281204075525, 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712.181 | Flux tubes and the type-I/type-II transition in a superconductor coupled
to a superfluid | We analyze magnetic flux tubes at zero temperature in a superconductor that
is coupled to a superfluid via both density and gradient (``entrainment'')
interactions. The example we have in mind is high-density nuclear matter, which
is a proton superconductor and a neutron superfluid, but our treatment is
general and simple, modeling the interactions as a Ginzburg-Landau effective
theory with four-fermion couplings, including only s-wave pairing. We
numerically solve the field equations for flux tubes with an arbitrary number
of flux quanta, and compare their energies. This allows us to map the
type-I/type-II transition in the superconductor, which occurs at the
conventional kappa = 1/sqrt(2) if the condensates are uncoupled.
We find that a density coupling between the condensates raises the critical
kappa and, for a sufficiently high neutron density, resolves the type-I/type-II
transition line into an infinite number of bands corresponding to
``type-II(n)'' phases, in which n, the number of quanta in the favored flux
tube, steps from 1 to infinity. For lower neutron density, the coupling creates
spinodal regions around the type-I/type-II boundary, in which metastable flux
configurations are possible. We find that a gradient coupling between the
condensates lowers the critical kappa and creates spinodal regions. These
exotic phenomena may not occur in nuclear matter, which is thought to be deep
in the type-II region, but might be observed in condensed matter systems.
| nucl-th cond-mat.supr-con | we analyze magnetic flux tubes at zero temperature in a superconductor that is coupled to a superfluid via both density and gradient entrainment interactions the example we have in mind is highdensity nuclear matter which is a proton superconductor and a neutron superfluid but our treatment is general and simple modeling the interactions as a ginzburglandau effective theory with fourfermion couplings including only swave pairing we numerically solve the field equations for flux tubes with an arbitrary number of flux quanta and compare their energies this allows us to map the typeitypeii transition in the superconductor which occurs at the conventional kappa 1sqrt2 if the condensates are uncoupled we find that a density coupling between the condensates raises the critical kappa and for a sufficiently high neutron density resolves the typeitypeii transition line into an infinite number of bands corresponding to typeiin phases in which n the number of quanta in the favored flux tube steps from 1 to infinity for lower neutron density the coupling creates spinodal regions around the typeitypeii boundary in which metastable flux configurations are possible we find that a gradient coupling between the condensates lowers the critical kappa and creates spinodal regions these exotic phenomena may not occur in nuclear matter which is thought to be deep in the typeii region but might be observed in condensed matter systems | [['we', 'analyze', 'magnetic', 'flux', 'tubes', 'at', 'zero', 'temperature', 'in', 'a', 'superconductor', 'that', 'is', 'coupled', 'to', 'a', 'superfluid', 'via', 'both', 'density', 'and', 'gradient', 'entrainment', 'interactions', 'the', 'example', 'we', 'have', 'in', 'mind', 'is', 'highdensity', 'nuclear', 'matter', 'which', 'is', 'a', 'proton', 'superconductor', 'and', 'a', 'neutron', 'superfluid', 'but', 'our', 'treatment', 'is', 'general', 'and', 'simple', 'modeling', 'the', 'interactions', 'as', 'a', 'ginzburglandau', 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712.1811 | Pion Form Factor in Improved Holographic QCD Backgrounds | We extend a recent numerical calculation of the pion electromagnetic form
factor F_\pi (Q^2) in holographic QCD to study two important issues regarding
the behavior of fields in the bulk. First, we show that using a chiral
symmetry-breaking field formally satisfying the boundary conditions of the
``soft-wall'' model changes numerical results very little from the earlier
calculation that ignores these constraints. Second, we use a background field
that interpolates between ``hard-wall'' and ``soft-wall'' models to obtain an
improved model that reproduces the desirable phenomenological features of both.
In all cases, F_\pi$ for large Q^2 is shallower than data, an effect that can
be cured by relaxing the fit to one of the static observables, particularly the
decay constant f_\pi.
| hep-ph | we extend a recent numerical calculation of the pion electromagnetic form factor f_pi q2 in holographic qcd to study two important issues regarding the behavior of fields in the bulk first we show that using a chiral symmetrybreaking field formally satisfying the boundary conditions of the softwall model changes numerical results very little from the earlier calculation that ignores these constraints second we use a background field that interpolates between hardwall and softwall models to obtain an improved model that reproduces the desirable phenomenological features of both in all cases f_pi for large q2 is shallower than data an effect that can be cured by relaxing the fit to one of the static observables particularly the decay constant f_pi | [['we', 'extend', 'a', 'recent', 'numerical', 'calculation', 'of', 'the', 'pion', 'electromagnetic', 'form', 'factor', 'f_pi', 'q2', 'in', 'holographic', 'qcd', 'to', 'study', 'two', 'important', 'issues', 'regarding', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'fields', 'in', 'the', 'bulk', 'first', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'using', 'a', 'chiral', 'symmetrybreaking', 'field', 'formally', 'satisfying', 'the', 'boundary', 'conditions', 'of', 'the', 'softwall', 'model', 'changes', 'numerical', 'results', 'very', 'little', 'from', 'the', 'earlier', 'calculation', 'that', 'ignores', 'these', 'constraints', 'second', 'we', 'use', 'a', 'background', 'field', 'that', 'interpolates', 'between', 'hardwall', 'and', 'softwall', 'models', 'to', 'obtain', 'an', 'improved', 'model', 'that', 'reproduces', 'the', 'desirable', 'phenomenological', 'features', 'of', 'both', 'in', 'all', 'cases', 'f_pi', 'for', 'large', 'q2', 'is', 'shallower', 'than', 'data', 'an', 'effect', 'that', 'can', 'be', 'cured', 'by', 'relaxing', 'the', 'fit', 'to', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'static', 'observables', 'particularly', 'the', 'decay', 'constant', 'f_pi']] | [-0.09858362189055804, 0.12874022266898938, -0.11350415219717166, 0.11168699583700005, -0.08913914379742027, -0.12725188019646316, 0.017585696177087537, 0.34947356529252116, -0.18121999291264834, -0.24736783423406236, 0.030647486700684207, -0.2786117892344521, -0.12201013634208308, 0.1748091153714399, 0.0035298201138106713, 0.08126954080051735, 0.02347135032182794, 0.01078704180305495, -0.12285353270938479, -0.19860843472777545, 0.35472846877988146, 0.05040136194874008, 0.26207838689970997, 0.11044833518001211, 0.03276023709806105, -0.006900203195126618, 0.009696562406646103, 0.019427242367087542, -0.18053273186670907, 0.06584088498401942, 0.19293228578069585, 0.0622422584633836, 0.16871372156017342, -0.4171361869529766, -0.24776812347763477, 0.0845668830227952, 0.1391877130949635, 0.1455013272430779, -0.04007428238841416, -0.24605537207499772, 0.08110592294359158, -0.16899382354331619, -0.1554788014961078, -0.14460321203727244, -0.03515814250812498, -0.06631145894355259, -0.3300455544308266, 0.10171830661579215, 0.0026772237126519824, 0.0055346468271797195, -0.0971067804146652, -0.15866840382286607, 0.000941757922757323, 0.11830067590364263, 0.15759650664404035, 0.08634846189505413, 0.10786121955704915, -0.22530581365425548, -0.09596560289691977, 0.38666059781147655, -0.08758071001421977, -0.17927589071053668, 0.12332029612500127, -0.16209911634879454, -0.1545280412841244, 0.10455441254018924, 0.14324163234628298, 0.08497714074993772, -0.15682060978211024, 0.12225240307709422, -0.06854994743651546, 0.19390121239194444, 0.08817351608685836, 0.01378565768421698, 0.17177542564341752, 0.14104560081858752, -0.0382136739526304, 0.13196735752906902, -0.01076360693897958, -0.10963352737916994, -0.37348032633171363, -0.07372372701740627, -0.1459947195610407, 0.05571109349174159, -0.15905465437329233, -0.13362769212988557, 0.3700836122313812, 0.17267559914841873, 0.26197348316708785, 0.05841856136792848, 0.3168088433434482, 0.09961822219271244, 0.08004700193111197, 0.06881228618777725, 0.29262820437174886, 0.1310039821928054, 0.1070909166098142, -0.24546045273862302, -0.024721652372082806, 0.041388843509861654] |
712.1812 | Patterns of Gauge Mediation in Metastable SUSY Breaking | Supersymmetry breaking in a metastable vacuum allows one to build simple and
concrete models of gauge mediation. Generation of gaugino masses requires that
R-symmetry be broken in this vacuum. In general, there are two possible ways to
break R-symmetry, explicitly or spontaneously. We find that the MSSM
phenomenology depends crucially on how this breaking occurs in the Hidden
Sector. Explicit R-symmetry breaking models can lead to fairly standard gauge
mediation, but we argue that in the context of ISS-type models this only makes
sense if B=0 at the mediation scale, which leads to high tan(beta). If on the
other hand, R-symmetry is broken spontaneously, then R-symmetry violating soft
terms tend to be suppressed with respect to R-symmetry preserving ones, and one
is led to a scenario with large scalar masses. These models interpolate between
standard gauge mediation and split SUSY models. We provide benchmark points for
the two scenarios. They demonstrate that the specific dynamics of the Hidden
Sector -- the underlying nature of supersymmetry and R-symmetry breaking --
affects considerably the mass spectrum of the MSSM, and vice versa.
| hep-ph hep-th | supersymmetry breaking in a metastable vacuum allows one to build simple and concrete models of gauge mediation generation of gaugino masses requires that rsymmetry be broken in this vacuum in general there are two possible ways to break rsymmetry explicitly or spontaneously we find that the mssm phenomenology depends crucially on how this breaking occurs in the hidden sector explicit rsymmetry breaking models can lead to fairly standard gauge mediation but we argue that in the context of isstype models this only makes sense if b0 at the mediation scale which leads to high tanbeta if on the other hand rsymmetry is broken spontaneously then rsymmetry violating soft terms tend to be suppressed with respect to rsymmetry preserving ones and one is led to a scenario with large scalar masses these models interpolate between standard gauge mediation and split susy models we provide benchmark points for the two scenarios they demonstrate that the specific dynamics of the hidden sector the underlying nature of supersymmetry and rsymmetry breaking affects considerably the mass spectrum of the mssm and vice versa | [['supersymmetry', 'breaking', 'in', 'a', 'metastable', 'vacuum', 'allows', 'one', 'to', 'build', 'simple', 'and', 'concrete', 'models', 'of', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'generation', 'of', 'gaugino', 'masses', 'requires', 'that', 'rsymmetry', 'be', 'broken', 'in', 'this', 'vacuum', 'in', 'general', 'there', 'are', 'two', 'possible', 'ways', 'to', 'break', 'rsymmetry', 'explicitly', 'or', 'spontaneously', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'mssm', 'phenomenology', 'depends', 'crucially', 'on', 'how', 'this', 'breaking', 'occurs', 'in', 'the', 'hidden', 'sector', 'explicit', 'rsymmetry', 'breaking', 'models', 'can', 'lead', 'to', 'fairly', 'standard', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'but', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'isstype', 'models', 'this', 'only', 'makes', 'sense', 'if', 'b0', 'at', 'the', 'mediation', 'scale', 'which', 'leads', 'to', 'high', 'tanbeta', 'if', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'hand', 'rsymmetry', 'is', 'broken', 'spontaneously', 'then', 'rsymmetry', 'violating', 'soft', 'terms', 'tend', 'to', 'be', 'suppressed', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'rsymmetry', 'preserving', 'ones', 'and', 'one', 'is', 'led', 'to', 'a', 'scenario', 'with', 'large', 'scalar', 'masses', 'these', 'models', 'interpolate', 'between', 'standard', 'gauge', 'mediation', 'and', 'split', 'susy', 'models', 'we', 'provide', 'benchmark', 'points', 'for', 'the', 'two', 'scenarios', 'they', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'the', 'specific', 'dynamics', 'of', 'the', 'hidden', 'sector', 'the', 'underlying', 'nature', 'of', 'supersymmetry', 'and', 'rsymmetry', 'breaking', 'affects', 'considerably', 'the', 'mass', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'mssm', 'and', 'vice', 'versa']] | [-0.1316242847641344, 0.2567885510121169, -0.03295058491665954, 0.16940619748574942, -0.14317225692061225, -0.21250007214846112, 0.03243662657679237, 0.36655931845516637, -0.20671938806562945, -0.31387506242680596, 0.0930505097088969, -0.21389700433514355, -0.10852475033345726, 0.057708856010066575, -0.044077954295593615, -0.013690473119403874, -0.03486811742709761, 0.0012813077893257245, -0.06306929501876224, -0.24876456363963778, 0.31116575530594154, -0.01422218386387306, 0.28452269610519826, 0.06962108593094006, 0.0645897936434328, -0.0779463781319883, 0.03302094232411323, -0.09670363215002326, -0.061249756655332714, 0.10559949607345055, 0.18819899061170953, 0.08550121089747029, 0.10385550692510069, -0.42449027909426373, -0.18836086528600401, 0.20151493821575653, 0.1765387562015931, 0.13860672598330598, -0.0619879016153033, -0.29426325921471536, 0.07400879607106862, -0.172173794298799, -0.11606136384469802, -0.1282494657233441, -0.08062350971551005, -0.19080213280760924, -0.3166296101342677, 0.11705319286622316, -0.03479856576540329, 0.006758633765569898, -0.004308554189857828, -0.04878176033190776, -0.15992513610562833, 0.04471929756050741, 0.2408252880696647, -0.019752253778278828, 0.1579128362371173, -0.23185920427694623, -0.1282371098291406, 0.45522734154737815, -0.06225472557952947, -0.22024184824726178, 0.21743681543412502, -0.11657685643124781, -0.2365423180241389, 0.0975515404009794, 0.15436963208825485, 0.11352395744382121, -0.0975946281000637, 0.20954923562573405, -0.022399531834329783, 0.1926616326313246, 0.06612272715729693, 0.03642562164021185, 0.28775449378907764, 0.12927287768342355, 0.08415136160852199, 0.09913762709488202, 0.02081015246483403, -0.13714954405898763, -0.4175558661560664, -0.08362608400089772, -0.07184808472631855, 0.05871036682236061, -0.09976215565436862, -0.09992892207679852, 0.3973311714074585, 0.18833349937492305, 0.22784959506295788, 0.07239977105355853, 0.2336791483358365, 0.09052851713482249, 0.1411447586240561, 0.02041780952563028, 0.27955976680831546, 0.055950748685778776, 0.06502026947100092, -0.23527021073145019, -0.05251804791296717, 0.07198069760120694] |
712.1813 | Radio-Optical Study of Double-Peaked AGNs. I. 3C 390.3 | We aim to test the model proposed to explain the correlation between the flux
density at 15 GHz of a stationary component in the parsec-scale jet and the
optical continuum emission in the radio galaxy 3C~390.3. In the model, the
double-peaked emission from 3C~390.3 is likely to be generated both near the
disk and in a rotating subrelativistic outflow surrounding the jet, due to
ionization of the outflow by the beamed continuum emission from the jet. This
scenario is chosen since broad-emission lines are observed to vary following
changes in the inner radio jet. For recent epochs we have imaged and modelled
the radio emission of the inner jet of 3C~390.3, which was observed with very
long baseline interferometry at 15 GHz, 22 GHz and 43 GHz, to image the inner
part of the parsec-scale jet, locate the exact region where the bulk of the
continuum luminosity is generated and search for the mechanism that drives the
double-peaked profile emission. We present the preliminary results of testing
the model using data from 11 years of active monitoring of 3C~390.3.
| astro-ph | we aim to test the model proposed to explain the correlation between the flux density at 15 ghz of a stationary component in the parsecscale jet and the optical continuum emission in the radio galaxy 3c3903 in the model the doublepeaked emission from 3c3903 is likely to be generated both near the disk and in a rotating subrelativistic outflow surrounding the jet due to ionization of the outflow by the beamed continuum emission from the jet this scenario is chosen since broademission lines are observed to vary following changes in the inner radio jet for recent epochs we have imaged and modelled the radio emission of the inner jet of 3c3903 which was observed with very long baseline interferometry at 15 ghz 22 ghz and 43 ghz to image the inner part of the parsecscale jet locate the exact region where the bulk of the continuum luminosity is generated and search for the mechanism that drives the doublepeaked profile emission we present the preliminary results of testing the model using data from 11 years of active monitoring of 3c3903 | [['we', 'aim', 'to', 'test', 'the', 'model', 'proposed', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'correlation', 'between', 'the', 'flux', 'density', 'at', '15', 'ghz', 'of', 'a', 'stationary', 'component', 'in', 'the', 'parsecscale', 'jet', 'and', 'the', 'optical', 'continuum', 'emission', 'in', 'the', 'radio', 'galaxy', '3c3903', 'in', 'the', 'model', 'the', 'doublepeaked', 'emission', 'from', '3c3903', 'is', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'generated', 'both', 'near', 'the', 'disk', 'and', 'in', 'a', 'rotating', 'subrelativistic', 'outflow', 'surrounding', 'the', 'jet', 'due', 'to', 'ionization', 'of', 'the', 'outflow', 'by', 'the', 'beamed', 'continuum', 'emission', 'from', 'the', 'jet', 'this', 'scenario', 'is', 'chosen', 'since', 'broademission', 'lines', 'are', 'observed', 'to', 'vary', 'following', 'changes', 'in', 'the', 'inner', 'radio', 'jet', 'for', 'recent', 'epochs', 'we', 'have', 'imaged', 'and', 'modelled', 'the', 'radio', 'emission', 'of', 'the', 'inner', 'jet', 'of', '3c3903', 'which', 'was', 'observed', 'with', 'very', 'long', 'baseline', 'interferometry', 'at', '15', 'ghz', '22', 'ghz', 'and', '43', 'ghz', 'to', 'image', 'the', 'inner', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'parsecscale', 'jet', 'locate', 'the', 'exact', 'region', 'where', 'the', 'bulk', 'of', 'the', 'continuum', 'luminosity', 'is', 'generated', 'and', 'search', 'for', 'the', 'mechanism', 'that', 'drives', 'the', 'doublepeaked', 'profile', 'emission', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'preliminary', 'results', 'of', 'testing', 'the', 'model', 'using', 'data', 'from', '11', 'years', 'of', 'active', 'monitoring', 'of', '3c3903']] | [-0.049269059735386735, 0.0603553673822183, -0.03691921777263617, 0.06920938506103302, -0.064184322867376, -0.10292394856750632, 0.008253713598859876, 0.4861487427507865, -0.18798399062608706, -0.32258073844707585, 0.08595131380501718, -0.24405162290321383, 0.022574385892802733, 0.1679307402829593, 0.032462285187546756, -0.02006410071678335, 0.011819312580491743, -0.11819280469113722, -0.02571627535719383, -0.11794018620292152, 0.2915822714723272, 0.1280548469886683, 0.21232769203075733, 0.03604597233329489, 0.07167064776063985, -0.12002527613586918, -0.08903086251207216, -0.028885286374215308, -0.05728517384444755, 0.07648412639366407, 0.2289821087478988, 0.12976841027744365, 0.18549458407042496, -0.3608436360825165, -0.220900926469076, 0.04045589438082869, 0.15126913852759444, 0.02494602733650687, 0.010401289592699965, -0.29133469803914347, 0.05368491989045336, -0.2047374483936742, -0.1790773249023162, 0.11521779458811142, 0.058005390654957995, 0.005870225724852618, -0.22672835123522322, 0.12328801391185808, 0.023602284430578227, 0.06587467823885174, -0.10439045676524496, -0.02773485423518376, -0.05715848643374343, 0.08867990024980969, 0.06959388157360609, 0.11307516693808763, 0.21559256396396867, -0.13396896139781028, -0.10245000547306696, 0.37448848417033986, -0.07374442606519221, -0.011823060745425398, 0.21956781969879177, -0.2606829755377628, -0.17585208832010543, 0.23549096446806908, 0.1788244102938444, 0.10243439650183866, -0.08857238905597999, -0.04131631359006616, -0.07380722357316577, 0.21325808487749298, 0.03991820193129961, 0.03764181044064891, 0.2977675993292067, 0.09795905355697071, -0.0019186477543650892, 0.18079320056196146, -0.2805845300750235, -0.04326841354827974, -0.3025384088665996, -0.052840956046464514, -0.1525392372228788, 0.08868495806240004, -0.08934555484419988, -0.08482245156865348, 0.42283370002438236, 0.09559353123101609, 0.22642297130182135, 0.01686349667819456, 0.3079950207631057, 0.08075198708050078, 0.0886050857468274, 0.18298544608285475, 0.37878454918322785, 0.16084843462296664, 0.15048748009718496, -0.24764982557741083, 0.05878568385719899, -0.023121063700257984] |
712.1814 | Is eta' partially made of gluonium? | A phenomenological analysis of radiative $V\to P\gamma$ and $P\to V\gamma$
decays is performed in order to determine the gluonic content of the
$\eta^\prime$ wave function. Our result shows that there is no evidence for
such a gluonium contribution, $Z_{\eta^\prime}^2=0.04\pm 0.09$. In terms of a
mixing angle description this corresponds to $\phi_P=(41.4\pm 1.3)^\circ$ and
$|\phi_{\eta^\prime G}|=(12\pm 13)^\circ$.
| hep-ph hep-ex | a phenomenological analysis of radiative vto pgamma and pto vgamma decays is performed in order to determine the gluonic content of the etaprime wave function our result shows that there is no evidence for such a gluonium contribution z_etaprime2004pm 009 in terms of a mixing angle description this corresponds to phi_p414pm 13circ and phi_etaprime g12pm 13circ | [['a', 'phenomenological', 'analysis', 'of', 'radiative', 'vto', 'pgamma', 'and', 'pto', 'vgamma', 'decays', 'is', 'performed', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'gluonic', 'content', 'of', 'the', 'etaprime', 'wave', 'function', 'our', 'result', 'shows', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'evidence', 'for', 'such', 'a', 'gluonium', 'contribution', 'z_etaprime2004pm', '009', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'a', 'mixing', 'angle', 'description', 'this', 'corresponds', 'to', 'phi_p414pm', '13circ', 'and', 'phi_etaprime', 'g12pm', '13circ']] | [-0.12087748944759369, 0.17497435487950078, -0.08452762281880356, 0.1121619570968995, -0.04211071921655765, -0.06091574453211461, 0.07847553073168875, 0.31184271493783366, -0.1888301682461483, -0.22062920771825772, -0.03873874671990052, -0.36301874140134227, -0.07929649775346312, 0.13598823880490202, 0.09466216479463932, 0.04733768829072897, 0.03560866847132834, 0.01160873992082018, -0.07277739885746716, -0.06849547561544639, 0.2643452475716073, -0.01289849058062268, 0.18953808167806038, 0.17274215803123438, 0.013243242417677091, 0.0015651308931410313, -0.07951947835345681, -0.09799175025322117, -0.2057040653494019, -0.022793303781117383, 0.2311156255622896, 0.09297595819673286, 0.12341179018123792, -0.285074748725702, -0.11600905237719417, 0.13975369615945965, 0.14863061281637505, 0.051543062806348856, -0.035488513043114484, -0.24675874945779258, 0.1291873395854894, -0.21373786445474252, -0.13519475522424237, -0.06576082368309681, 0.07513469697621006, -0.11496156049319185, -0.4165994301886083, 0.08198951723842093, 0.00844219341301001, 0.057313579671944566, -0.009321258036204828, -0.2097169630175743, -0.04309952516520683, 0.057317752668705695, 0.1836800299710236, 0.21375390412644124, 0.11396011699420902, -0.13583412234080383, -0.08586891264153215, 0.4469196672479694, -0.10108974363986188, -0.21286022188947895, 0.09691620691536137, -0.17898416466330394, -0.12462677385729666, 0.18241411863038173, 0.16515162895218685, 0.0783717180781353, -0.11614382157746989, 0.09061761409751713, -0.04693540916391962, 0.23086340754077986, 0.06779027004869512, 0.044521650592706956, 0.14085895113217142, 0.1892208092075844, -0.004729200459013765, 0.07308477694347787, -0.09659903908434969, -0.033535186890870906, -0.38938489799889237, -0.15878007043367967, -0.0776481945022869, 0.14430012977810783, -0.09601328462807802, -0.11686313381561866, 0.3590416433289647, 0.0417851097165392, 0.25324775889300954, 0.010062414409521107, 0.2886666821745726, 0.12188184419042394, 0.015479440008325933, 0.046878271589566096, 0.3163140317102751, 0.1976102012827491, 0.09636681251084575, -0.27963171795440406, 0.07083415674368063, 0.033212084645548694] |
712.1815 | Topology from Cosmology | We show that cosmological observables can constrain the topology of the
compact additional dimensions predicted by string theory. To do this, we
develop a general strategy for relating cosmological observables to the
microscopic parameters of the potentials and field-dependent kinetic terms of
the multiple scalar fields that arise in the low-energy limit of string theory.
We apply this formalism to the Large Volume Scenarios in Type IIB flux
compactifications where analytical calculations are possible. Our methods
generalize to other settings.
| hep-th astro-ph | we show that cosmological observables can constrain the topology of the compact additional dimensions predicted by string theory to do this we develop a general strategy for relating cosmological observables to the microscopic parameters of the potentials and fielddependent kinetic terms of the multiple scalar fields that arise in the lowenergy limit of string theory we apply this formalism to the large volume scenarios in type iib flux compactifications where analytical calculations are possible our methods generalize to other settings | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'cosmological', 'observables', 'can', 'constrain', 'the', 'topology', 'of', 'the', 'compact', 'additional', 'dimensions', 'predicted', 'by', 'string', 'theory', 'to', 'do', 'this', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'general', 'strategy', 'for', 'relating', 'cosmological', 'observables', 'to', 'the', 'microscopic', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'potentials', 'and', 'fielddependent', 'kinetic', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'multiple', 'scalar', 'fields', 'that', 'arise', 'in', 'the', 'lowenergy', 'limit', 'of', 'string', 'theory', 'we', 'apply', 'this', 'formalism', 'to', 'the', 'large', 'volume', 'scenarios', 'in', 'type', 'iib', 'flux', 'compactifications', 'where', 'analytical', 'calculations', 'are', 'possible', 'our', 'methods', 'generalize', 'to', 'other', 'settings']] | [-0.11968417267780751, 0.13011094921967015, -0.07624285325873643, 0.15647503763611895, -0.08780834182980471, -0.12028673064778558, 0.0267701165190374, 0.3107783429091796, -0.21277418066747486, -0.29705040439148434, 0.03357257639581803, -0.22204870950663463, -0.14813543982454574, 0.17573033252119785, -0.06353335232124664, 0.004445138305891305, 0.003719206963432953, 0.01919985881104367, -0.11191026171509293, -0.2566214074497111, 0.37162652116967365, 0.03596874182112515, 0.2512700608000159, 0.04749516453302931, 0.06160576026304625, -0.0325485538050998, -0.044428177480585876, 0.06682295997161418, -0.20380921435471464, 0.13875656815071125, 0.2459381345426664, 0.10089111641573253, 0.12519633751362563, -0.48435637829825284, -0.29755047195358203, 0.11038038356928155, 0.13246445119730196, 0.1931494556425605, 0.01431272180052474, -0.2281502325553447, 0.06390887074339843, -0.1707549719401868, -0.17287744620698503, -0.14610781059309375, -0.01873978807707317, 0.0004379005869850516, -0.2879164773330558, 0.08802981410117354, -0.025134371120657306, -0.0361747020252551, -0.07744147112243809, -0.07308611515618395, 0.006122444258653559, 0.09157529171206988, 0.12158395412843674, 0.009292467421619221, 0.1399601740005892, -0.1432423927995842, -0.15470693084207596, 0.3623627643566579, -0.07845991984941066, -0.20652463138103486, 0.17849238952621818, -0.13515170190366915, -0.20487163058132865, 0.07600460237590596, 0.14492086758837103, 0.13925186969863718, -0.1491280616086442, 0.19201726745741327, -0.022707929974421857, 0.13247213266440666, 0.032877878582803534, 0.05997009066413739, 0.21429378042230382, 0.09804491837276146, 0.004021165255107917, 0.07572910329326987, -0.07271303182933479, -0.11729308927970124, -0.4127111670044542, -0.07803635475543161, -0.12413318254984915, 0.10735943123581819, -0.15125151989614097, -0.17919032622594386, 0.3652739824494347, 0.17819127631373705, 0.17391196212265642, 0.058512396237347275, 0.24133613799349404, 0.09948974599101348, 0.057258380320854486, 0.0259184666982037, 0.2644545839750208, 0.156214530163561, 0.09913265068316832, -0.23541116426058578, -0.08416331852786244, 0.09891649377532304] |
712.1816 | Neutrinos as galactic dark matter in the Ursa Major galaxy group? | We present the analysis of 23 published rotation curves of disk galaxies
belonging to the Ursa Major group of galaxies, with kinematics free of
irregularities. The rotation curves are analysed in the context of MOND
(Modified Newtonian Dynamics). We add an extra component to the rotation curve
fits, in addition to the stellar and gaseous disks: a speculative halo of
constant density made of, e.g., neutrinos, which would solve the bulk of the
problem currently faced by MOND on rich galaxy clusters scales. We find that
this additional unseen mass density is poorly constrained (as expected a
priori, given that a neutrino halo never dominates the kinematics), but we also
find that the best-fit value is non-zero: rho = 3.8 x 10^{-27} g/cm^3, and that
a zero-density is marginally excluded with 87% confidence; also, the 95%
confidence upper limit for the density is rho = 9.6 x 10^{-27} g/cm^3. These
limits are slightly above the expectations from the Tremaine-Gunn phase space
constraints on ordinary 2 eV neutrinos, but in accordance with the maximum
density expected for one or two species of 5 eV sterile neutrinos.
| astro-ph | we present the analysis of 23 published rotation curves of disk galaxies belonging to the ursa major group of galaxies with kinematics free of irregularities the rotation curves are analysed in the context of mond modified newtonian dynamics we add an extra component to the rotation curve fits in addition to the stellar and gaseous disks a speculative halo of constant density made of eg neutrinos which would solve the bulk of the problem currently faced by mond on rich galaxy clusters scales we find that this additional unseen mass density is poorly constrained as expected a priori given that a neutrino halo never dominates the kinematics but we also find that the bestfit value is nonzero rho 38 x 1027 gcm3 and that a zerodensity is marginally excluded with 87 confidence also the 95 confidence upper limit for the density is rho 96 x 1027 gcm3 these limits are slightly above the expectations from the tremainegunn phase space constraints on ordinary 2 ev neutrinos but in accordance with the maximum density expected for one or two species of 5 ev sterile neutrinos | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'analysis', 'of', '23', 'published', 'rotation', 'curves', 'of', 'disk', 'galaxies', 'belonging', 'to', 'the', 'ursa', 'major', 'group', 'of', 'galaxies', 'with', 'kinematics', 'free', 'of', 'irregularities', 'the', 'rotation', 'curves', 'are', 'analysed', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'mond', 'modified', 'newtonian', 'dynamics', 'we', 'add', 'an', 'extra', 'component', 'to', 'the', 'rotation', 'curve', 'fits', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'the', 'stellar', 'and', 'gaseous', 'disks', 'a', 'speculative', 'halo', 'of', 'constant', 'density', 'made', 'of', 'eg', 'neutrinos', 'which', 'would', 'solve', 'the', 'bulk', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'currently', 'faced', 'by', 'mond', 'on', 'rich', 'galaxy', 'clusters', 'scales', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'this', 'additional', 'unseen', 'mass', 'density', 'is', 'poorly', 'constrained', 'as', 'expected', 'a', 'priori', 'given', 'that', 'a', 'neutrino', 'halo', 'never', 'dominates', 'the', 'kinematics', 'but', 'we', 'also', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'bestfit', 'value', 'is', 'nonzero', 'rho', '38', 'x', '1027', 'gcm3', 'and', 'that', 'a', 'zerodensity', 'is', 'marginally', 'excluded', 'with', '87', 'confidence', 'also', 'the', '95', 'confidence', 'upper', 'limit', 'for', 'the', 'density', 'is', 'rho', '96', 'x', '1027', 'gcm3', 'these', 'limits', 'are', 'slightly', 'above', 'the', 'expectations', 'from', 'the', 'tremainegunn', 'phase', 'space', 'constraints', 'on', 'ordinary', '2', 'ev', 'neutrinos', 'but', 'in', 'accordance', 'with', 'the', 'maximum', 'density', 'expected', 'for', 'one', 'or', 'two', 'species', 'of', '5', 'ev', 'sterile', 'neutrinos']] | [-0.11511642250990689, 0.16711481740321937, -0.07447153155289875, 0.13345529235195866, -0.07821992345413835, -0.09920141991238043, 0.07551834342843482, 0.33711169110967326, -0.16649015071099532, -0.3687163666603181, 0.05593022667036947, -0.28939018701839314, -0.010474605147365501, 0.16238080152524176, -0.024489550993782902, 0.0007608693946773807, 0.026998636109214987, 0.01251987833211636, -0.08834226056106409, -0.2792477758494435, 0.2838830981973579, 0.06374233649646649, 0.15781315142553443, -0.0173443521015458, 0.08416737698761573, -0.09090310098766222, -0.02388038946051008, -0.03024460370999079, -0.1722294618599842, 0.06473875647923487, 0.19580867838959307, 0.10069540039193435, 0.16517214441437864, -0.364381326789983, -0.21632505013846634, 0.11195388927933622, 0.16820605972339972, 0.03021693015356594, -0.04585807023460524, -0.2583091043526195, 0.05925821314713424, -0.18940317435978907, -0.18881054947539513, 0.039297933188964275, 0.04897976913769307, -0.025352507420304062, -0.22456915307118266, 0.16906325819570053, 0.013932567582652737, 0.031627698555745216, -0.10335241323031608, -0.1887850218498316, -0.056581448025675746, 0.016959870787581703, 0.07595564566089523, 0.06100442659878299, 0.19410075096647597, -0.14281070969433937, -0.009933005932520037, 0.43163995794911203, -0.1069411500700612, -0.10287136203975829, 0.1878538163158727, -0.20369370460072583, -0.16825914453674373, 0.14977448783265274, 0.1379462703744387, 0.07147149074710701, -0.15293231653812966, 0.08901305110104728, -0.07956118851421716, 0.23571118311905634, 0.05687757440501712, -0.025600994979028204, 0.2811620809113011, 0.11563227258754966, 0.09599668975433467, -0.0025522029981566744, -0.17163738143971302, -0.04160785211677678, -0.29811177905547165, -0.10163902001050835, -0.11119479542760982, 0.07151448659031383, -0.12862078653113493, -0.10977884795252091, 0.3302962353295275, 0.11677576690438951, 0.23572398492649116, 0.07882579779214241, 0.2859781208280169, 0.09683074661634883, 0.039189315622715694, 0.11425945843198423, 0.3063774051251592, 0.15731729032558292, 0.023140690177475495, -0.20260541301978946, 0.04614710939483198, -0.0018077246396919417] |
712.1817 | Crystallization of strongly interacting photons in a nonlinear optical
fiber | Understanding strongly correlated quantum systems is a central problem in
many areas of physics. The collective behavior of interacting particles gives
rise to diverse fundamental phenomena such as confinement in quantum
chromodynamics, phase transitions, and electron fractionalization in the
quantum Hall regime. While such systems typically involve massive particles,
optical photons can also interact with each other in a nonlinear medium. In
practice, however, such interactions are often very weak. Here we describe a
novel technique that allows the creation of a strongly correlated quantum gas
of photons using one-dimensional optical systems with tight field confinement
and coherent photon trapping techniques. The confinement enables the generation
of large, tunable optical nonlinearities via the interaction of photons with a
nearby cold atomic gas. In its extreme, we show that a quantum light field can
undergo fermionization in such one-dimensional media, which can be probed via
standard photon correlation measurements.
| cond-mat.other | understanding strongly correlated quantum systems is a central problem in many areas of physics the collective behavior of interacting particles gives rise to diverse fundamental phenomena such as confinement in quantum chromodynamics phase transitions and electron fractionalization in the quantum hall regime while such systems typically involve massive particles optical photons can also interact with each other in a nonlinear medium in practice however such interactions are often very weak here we describe a novel technique that allows the creation of a strongly correlated quantum gas of photons using onedimensional optical systems with tight field confinement and coherent photon trapping techniques the confinement enables the generation of large tunable optical nonlinearities via the interaction of photons with a nearby cold atomic gas in its extreme we show that a quantum light field can undergo fermionization in such onedimensional media which can be probed via standard photon correlation measurements | [['understanding', 'strongly', 'correlated', 'quantum', 'systems', 'is', 'a', 'central', 'problem', 'in', 'many', 'areas', 'of', 'physics', 'the', 'collective', 'behavior', 'of', 'interacting', 'particles', 'gives', 'rise', 'to', 'diverse', 'fundamental', 'phenomena', 'such', 'as', 'confinement', 'in', 'quantum', 'chromodynamics', 'phase', 'transitions', 'and', 'electron', 'fractionalization', 'in', 'the', 'quantum', 'hall', 'regime', 'while', 'such', 'systems', 'typically', 'involve', 'massive', 'particles', 'optical', 'photons', 'can', 'also', 'interact', 'with', 'each', 'other', 'in', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'medium', 'in', 'practice', 'however', 'such', 'interactions', 'are', 'often', 'very', 'weak', 'here', 'we', 'describe', 'a', 'novel', 'technique', 'that', 'allows', 'the', 'creation', 'of', 'a', 'strongly', 'correlated', 'quantum', 'gas', 'of', 'photons', 'using', 'onedimensional', 'optical', 'systems', 'with', 'tight', 'field', 'confinement', 'and', 'coherent', 'photon', 'trapping', 'techniques', 'the', 'confinement', 'enables', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'large', 'tunable', 'optical', 'nonlinearities', 'via', 'the', 'interaction', 'of', 'photons', 'with', 'a', 'nearby', 'cold', 'atomic', 'gas', 'in', 'its', 'extreme', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'a', 'quantum', 'light', 'field', 'can', 'undergo', 'fermionization', 'in', 'such', 'onedimensional', 'media', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'probed', 'via', 'standard', 'photon', 'correlation', 'measurements']] | [-0.1430342835791069, 0.285516178317217, -0.07744320941580825, 0.06922828047646436, -0.01679519460083464, -0.18740139252543953, 0.00926034148024219, 0.3861390590365674, -0.26534035496061315, -0.29544921152646075, 0.010670906024815113, -0.2997601538995081, -0.1368360134514955, 0.22169458527571043, 0.018352897322541604, 0.057545278372000776, 0.02683804916041727, -0.03214964196652274, -0.021075549356110796, -0.16848267374459552, 0.28332834013712566, 0.012984794785576948, 0.28264754395019515, 0.08426992736467337, 0.09172807502673587, 0.05231571285293211, 0.028522579247962584, 0.023991715252663737, -0.05608032255426027, 0.09103173203058415, 0.24508079175241101, -0.004742622644502066, 0.24128512090474769, -0.4547953846914744, -0.2666794451809413, 0.10274565705677143, 0.2079888445962727, 0.17467585034633837, -0.10707475538239689, -0.28210840093576023, -0.06513170461796501, -0.1578721744889343, -0.13637903303134483, -0.0799463119836071, -0.0186175922658672, 0.0584009935787558, -0.2598040449193905, 0.09369905081690082, 0.03220862676263661, 0.02766255642967047, 0.009018386676797416, 0.030349958549580863, 0.02791652936847075, 0.08964003228292977, -0.046382452293638944, 0.0058166034428427955, 0.20710837476331476, -0.2086467301485607, -0.15393524502389874, 0.44960894824534253, -0.07502222625299583, -0.13331932000565339, 0.29515995985098387, -0.17775862835146286, -0.11198978050851037, 0.15843888897624975, 0.2025465670173887, 0.08480603173312203, -0.14029302714530983, 0.0656134331232327, -0.04111176171037998, 0.16967649488179706, 0.005355862685089075, 0.1831468934731281, 0.30830559227615595, 0.16439834399450873, 0.02245548451154153, 0.1352510568335797, -0.06080301253147096, -0.11611033507270387, -0.24194986242926805, -0.16123223353831753, -0.18978897721752072, 0.07508287497959729, -0.06509734430280356, -0.16286075418827603, 0.3528802127615121, 0.14397558754914114, 0.17426978958128775, -0.0810421096669145, 0.28944264747504445, 0.1417644499955271, 0.07404058939160628, 0.023766663428899402, 0.29000460973868425, 0.15552896764318183, 0.1024041681541004, -0.24199954600850548, -0.015095175215596886, 0.000557152126487848] |
712.1818 | Gemini/GMOS Spectroscopy of the Spheroid and Globular Cluster System of
NGC 3923 | We present a technique to extract ultra-deep diffuse-light spectra from the
standard multi-object spectroscopic observations used to investigate
extragalactic globular cluster (GC) systems. This technique allows a clean
extraction of the spectrum of the host galaxy diffuse light from the same
slitlets as the GC targets. We show the utility of the method for investigating
the kinematics and stellar populations of galaxies at radii much greater than
usually probed in longslit studies, at no additional expense in terms of
telescope time. To demonstrate this technique we present Gemini/GMOS
spectroscopy of 29 GCs associated with the elliptical galaxy NGC 3923. We
compare the measured stellar population parameters of the GC system with those
of the spheroid of NGC 3923 at the same projected radii, and find the GCs to
have old ages (> 10 Gyr), [alpha/Fe]~0.3 and a range of metallicities running
from [Z/H] = -1.8 to +0.35. The diffuse light of the galaxy is found to have
ages, metallicities and [alpha/Fe] abundance ratios indistinguishable from
those of the red GCs.
| astro-ph | we present a technique to extract ultradeep diffuselight spectra from the standard multiobject spectroscopic observations used to investigate extragalactic globular cluster gc systems this technique allows a clean extraction of the spectrum of the host galaxy diffuse light from the same slitlets as the gc targets we show the utility of the method for investigating the kinematics and stellar populations of galaxies at radii much greater than usually probed in longslit studies at no additional expense in terms of telescope time to demonstrate this technique we present geminigmos spectroscopy of 29 gcs associated with the elliptical galaxy ngc 3923 we compare the measured stellar population parameters of the gc system with those of the spheroid of ngc 3923 at the same projected radii and find the gcs to have old ages 10 gyr alphafe03 and a range of metallicities running from zh 18 to 035 the diffuse light of the galaxy is found to have ages metallicities and alphafe abundance ratios indistinguishable from those of the red gcs | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'technique', 'to', 'extract', 'ultradeep', 'diffuselight', 'spectra', 'from', 'the', 'standard', 'multiobject', 'spectroscopic', 'observations', 'used', 'to', 'investigate', 'extragalactic', 'globular', 'cluster', 'gc', 'systems', 'this', 'technique', 'allows', 'a', 'clean', 'extraction', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'host', 'galaxy', 'diffuse', 'light', 'from', 'the', 'same', 'slitlets', 'as', 'the', 'gc', 'targets', 'we', 'show', 'the', 'utility', 'of', 'the', 'method', 'for', 'investigating', 'the', 'kinematics', 'and', 'stellar', 'populations', 'of', 'galaxies', 'at', 'radii', 'much', 'greater', 'than', 'usually', 'probed', 'in', 'longslit', 'studies', 'at', 'no', 'additional', 'expense', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'telescope', 'time', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'this', 'technique', 'we', 'present', 'geminigmos', 'spectroscopy', 'of', '29', 'gcs', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'elliptical', 'galaxy', 'ngc', '3923', 'we', 'compare', 'the', 'measured', 'stellar', 'population', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'gc', 'system', 'with', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'spheroid', 'of', 'ngc', '3923', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'projected', 'radii', 'and', 'find', 'the', 'gcs', 'to', 'have', 'old', 'ages', '10', 'gyr', 'alphafe03', 'and', 'a', 'range', 'of', 'metallicities', 'running', 'from', 'zh', '18', 'to', '035', 'the', 'diffuse', 'light', 'of', 'the', 'galaxy', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'have', 'ages', 'metallicities', 'and', 'alphafe', 'abundance', 'ratios', 'indistinguishable', 'from', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'red', 'gcs']] | [0.0006897926740791826, 0.060334039924089755, -0.12404588120157964, 0.10045744224459797, -0.07681984530825589, -0.039369192015978376, 0.03296978903831803, 0.4584692775914889, -0.13685263101554787, -0.39385493241605307, -0.01448895747723457, -0.31368094412382996, 0.0034394684023157296, 0.22826157125555688, -0.023152278539436383, -0.03034095987303382, 0.10829249215021264, -0.08746847109952276, -0.04458922324591272, -0.2912642045245905, 0.27909250293270726, 0.03865681395178572, 0.14980338230296703, -0.08075969245484364, 0.0748105995257252, -0.08395701378079441, -0.08779460105402645, -0.04590065560270367, -0.17113805123898645, 0.07491985181280013, 0.24963515392404848, 0.13890669905785694, 0.20347614413947754, -0.3038578808551565, -0.16672502824665225, 0.0657151646280129, 0.26500375270067406, 0.07085343760748704, -0.09855626956033077, -0.2954781836375505, 0.08014843298553301, -0.1641469426755239, -0.22831960260962314, 0.12686636825741343, -0.005308777736943392, 0.02941068453531313, -0.18465893404070466, 0.16999852490178974, -0.05509575179201506, 0.15545673136754581, -0.13979475933627414, -0.1828020108923305, -0.05753430613341542, 0.09535863827027026, -0.01228895760557082, 0.03955902547680862, 0.17735463616970396, -0.10952520422523819, 0.019148761420399837, 0.4033836339866476, -0.07597419931291716, 0.04811156479575272, 0.23767325343353496, -0.22730376501082597, -0.18898854872012244, 0.06278720521368086, 0.1825587678384701, 0.1367074911201295, -0.21902399422556518, 0.035733103596915804, -0.015382842425467624, 0.2373018127923604, 0.050429398681791054, 0.0763692974671271, 0.2814395069255538, 0.09191881879052657, 0.05337938026890957, 0.07906776547384825, -0.2686626789651373, -0.008372773818250391, -0.15556671340129383, -0.08947957997831206, -0.08537999244539865, 0.08584880991007335, -0.16562056466015443, -0.09391528944529239, 0.3499737890115717, 0.12323777350164684, 0.24466564263621832, 0.09537297991032358, 0.32135509718985605, 0.05810561920779513, 0.16918860077081868, 0.0810523206739509, 0.3089289162252542, 0.20094216536242693, 0.06645118528173216, -0.2650051911256187, 0.047566751298117674, -0.03916108289974675] |
712.1819 | The Angular Clustering of Distant Galaxy Clusters | We discuss the angular clustering of galaxy clusters at z > 1 selected within
50 sq. deg from the Spitzer Wide-Infrared Extragalactic survey. We employ a
simple color selection to identify high redshift galaxies with no dependence on
galaxy rest-frame optical color using Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 micron
photometry. The majority (>90%) of galaxies with z > 1.3 are identified with
[3.6] - [4.5] > -0.1 AB mag. We identify candidate galaxy clusters at z > 1 by
selecting overdensities of >26-28 objects with [3.6] - [4.5] > -0.1 mag within
radii of 1.4 arcminutes, which corresponds to r < 0.5 Mpc/h at z=1.5. These
candidate galaxy clusters show strong angular clustering, with an angular
correlation function represented by w(theta) = (3.1 +/- 0.5) theta^(-1.1 +/-
0.1) with theta in units of arcminutes over scales of 2-100 arcminutes.
Assuming the redshift distribution of these galaxy clusters follows a fiducial
model, these galaxy clusters have a spatial-clustering scale length r_0 = 22.4
+/- 3.6 Mpc/h, and a comoving number density n = 1.2 +/- 0.1 x 10^-6
(Mpc/h)^-3. The correlation scale length and number density of these objects
are comparable to those of rich galaxy clusters at low redshift. The number
density of these high-redshift clusters correspond to dark-matter halos larger
than 3-5 x 10^13 h^-1 solar masses at z=1.5. Assuming the dark halos hosting
these high-redshift clusters grow following Lambda-CDM models, these clusters
will reside in halos larger than 1-2 x 10^14 h^-1 solar masses at z=0.2,
comparable to rich galaxy clusters.
| astro-ph | we discuss the angular clustering of galaxy clusters at z 1 selected within 50 sq deg from the spitzer wideinfrared extragalactic survey we employ a simple color selection to identify high redshift galaxies with no dependence on galaxy restframe optical color using spitzer irac 36 and 45 micron photometry the majority 90 of galaxies with z 13 are identified with 36 45 01 ab mag we identify candidate galaxy clusters at z 1 by selecting overdensities of 2628 objects with 36 45 01 mag within radii of 14 arcminutes which corresponds to r 05 mpch at z15 these candidate galaxy clusters show strong angular clustering with an angular correlation function represented by wtheta 31 05 theta11 01 with theta in units of arcminutes over scales of 2100 arcminutes assuming the redshift distribution of these galaxy clusters follows a fiducial model these galaxy clusters have a spatialclustering scale length r_0 224 36 mpch and a comoving number density n 12 01 x 106 mpch3 the correlation scale length and number density of these objects are comparable to those of rich galaxy clusters at low redshift the number density of these highredshift clusters correspond to darkmatter halos larger than 35 x 1013 h1 solar masses at z15 assuming the dark halos hosting these highredshift clusters grow following lambdacdm models these clusters will reside in halos larger than 12 x 1014 h1 solar masses at z02 comparable to rich galaxy clusters | [['we', 'discuss', 'the', 'angular', 'clustering', 'of', 'galaxy', 'clusters', 'at', 'z', '1', 'selected', 'within', '50', 'sq', 'deg', 'from', 'the', 'spitzer', 'wideinfrared', 'extragalactic', 'survey', 'we', 'employ', 'a', 'simple', 'color', 'selection', 'to', 'identify', 'high', 'redshift', 'galaxies', 'with', 'no', 'dependence', 'on', 'galaxy', 'restframe', 'optical', 'color', 'using', 'spitzer', 'irac', '36', 'and', '45', 'micron', 'photometry', 'the', 'majority', '90', 'of', 'galaxies', 'with', 'z', '13', 'are', 'identified', 'with', 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712.182 | Geometric Precipices in String Cosmology | We consider the effects of graviton multiplet fields on transitions between
string gas phases. Focusing on the dilaton field, we show that it may obstruct
transitions between different thermodynamic phases of the string gas, because
the sign of its dimensionally reduced, $T$-duality invariant, part is conserved
when the energy density of the universe is positive. Thus, many interesting
solutions for which this sign is positive end up in a future curvature
singularity. Because of this, some of the thermodynamic phases of the usual
gravitating string gases behave like superselection sectors. For example, a
past-regular Hagedorn phase and an expanding FRW phase dominated by string
momentum modes cannot be smoothly connected in the framework of string
cosmology with positive sources. The singularity separates them like a
geometric precipice in the moduli space, preventing the dynamics of the theory
from bridging across. Sources which simultaneously violate the positivity of
energy and NEC could modify these conclusions. We provide a quantitative
measure of positivity of energy and NEC violations that would be necessary for
such transitions. These effects must dominate the universe at the moment of
transition, altering the standard gas pictures. At present, it is not known how
to construct such sources from first principles in string theory.
| hep-th astro-ph gr-qc hep-ph | we consider the effects of graviton multiplet fields on transitions between string gas phases focusing on the dilaton field we show that it may obstruct transitions between different thermodynamic phases of the string gas because the sign of its dimensionally reduced tduality invariant part is conserved when the energy density of the universe is positive thus many interesting solutions for which this sign is positive end up in a future curvature singularity because of this some of the thermodynamic phases of the usual gravitating string gases behave like superselection sectors for example a pastregular hagedorn phase and an expanding frw phase dominated by string momentum modes cannot be smoothly connected in the framework of string cosmology with positive sources the singularity separates them like a geometric precipice in the moduli space preventing the dynamics of the theory from bridging across sources which simultaneously violate the positivity of energy and nec could modify these conclusions we provide a quantitative measure of positivity of energy and nec violations that would be necessary for such transitions these effects must dominate the universe at the moment of transition altering the standard gas pictures at present it is not known how to construct such sources from first principles in string theory | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'graviton', 'multiplet', 'fields', 'on', 'transitions', 'between', 'string', 'gas', 'phases', 'focusing', 'on', 'the', 'dilaton', 'field', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'may', 'obstruct', 'transitions', 'between', 'different', 'thermodynamic', 'phases', 'of', 'the', 'string', 'gas', 'because', 'the', 'sign', 'of', 'its', 'dimensionally', 'reduced', 'tduality', 'invariant', 'part', 'is', 'conserved', 'when', 'the', 'energy', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'is', 'positive', 'thus', 'many', 'interesting', 'solutions', 'for', 'which', 'this', 'sign', 'is', 'positive', 'end', 'up', 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712.1821 | An extreme IMF as an explanation for high M/L ratios in UCDs? The CO
index as a tracer of bottom heavy IMFs | A new type of compact stellar systems, labelled ``ultra-compact dwarf
galaxies'' (UCDs), was discovered in the last decade. Recent studies show that
their dynamical mass-to-light ratios (M/L) tend to be too high to be explained
by canonical stellar populations, being on average about twice as large as
those of Galactic globular clusters of comparable metallicity. If this offset
is caused by dark matter in UCDs, it would imply dark matter densities as
expected for the centers of cuspy dark matter halos, incompatible with cored
dark matter profiles. Investigating the nature of the high M/L ratios in UCDs
therefore offers important constraints on the phase space properties of dark
matter particles. Here we describe an observational method to test whether a
bottom-heavy IMF may cause the high M/L ratios of UCDs. We propose to use the
CO index at 2.3mu -- which is sensitive to the presence of low-mass stars -- to
test for a bottom heavy IMF. In the case that the high M/L ratios are caused by
a bottom-heavy IMF, we show that the equivalent width of the CO index will be
up to 30% weaker in UCDs compared to sources with similar metallicity that have
canonical IMFs. We find that these effects are well detectable with current
astronomical facilities in a reasonable amount of time (a few hours to nights).
Measuring the CO index of UCDs hence appears a promising tool to investigate
the origin of their high M/L ratios.
| astro-ph | a new type of compact stellar systems labelled ultracompact dwarf galaxies ucds was discovered in the last decade recent studies show that their dynamical masstolight ratios ml tend to be too high to be explained by canonical stellar populations being on average about twice as large as those of galactic globular clusters of comparable metallicity if this offset is caused by dark matter in ucds it would imply dark matter densities as expected for the centers of cuspy dark matter halos incompatible with cored dark matter profiles investigating the nature of the high ml ratios in ucds therefore offers important constraints on the phase space properties of dark matter particles here we describe an observational method to test whether a bottomheavy imf may cause the high ml ratios of ucds we propose to use the co index at 23mu which is sensitive to the presence of lowmass stars to test for a bottom heavy imf in the case that the high ml ratios are caused by a bottomheavy imf we show that the equivalent width of the co index will be up to 30 weaker in ucds compared to sources with similar metallicity that have canonical imfs we find that these effects are well detectable with current astronomical facilities in a reasonable amount of time a few hours to nights measuring the co index of ucds hence appears a promising tool to investigate the origin of their high ml ratios | [['a', 'new', 'type', 'of', 'compact', 'stellar', 'systems', 'labelled', 'ultracompact', 'dwarf', 'galaxies', 'ucds', 'was', 'discovered', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'decade', 'recent', 'studies', 'show', 'that', 'their', 'dynamical', 'masstolight', 'ratios', 'ml', 'tend', 'to', 'be', 'too', 'high', 'to', 'be', 'explained', 'by', 'canonical', 'stellar', 'populations', 'being', 'on', 'average', 'about', 'twice', 'as', 'large', 'as', 'those', 'of', 'galactic', 'globular', 'clusters', 'of', 'comparable', 'metallicity', 'if', 'this', 'offset', 'is', 'caused', 'by', 'dark', 'matter', 'in', 'ucds', 'it', 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712.1822 | Optimized norm-conserving Hartree-Fock pseudopotentials for plane-wave
calculations | We report Hartree-Fock (HF) based pseudopotentials suitable for plane-wave
calculations. Unlike typical effective core potentials, the present
pseudopotentials are finite at the origin and exhibit rapid convergence in a
plane-wave basis; the optimized pseudopotential method [A. M. Rappe et. al,
Phys. Rev. B 41 1227--30 (1990)] improves plane-wave convergence.
Norm-conserving HF pseudopotentials are found to develop long-range
non-Coulombic behavior which does not decay faster than 1/r, and is non-local.
This behavior, which stems from the nonlocality of the exchange potential, is
remedied using a recently developed self-consistent procedure [J. R. Trail and
R. J. Needs, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 014112 (2005)]. The resulting pseudopotentials
slightly violate the norm conservation of the core charge. We calculated
several atomic properties using these pseudopotentials, and the results are in
good agreement with all-electron HF values. The dissociation energies,
equilibrium bond lengths, and frequency of vibrations of several dimers
obtained with these HF pseudopotentials and plane waves are also in good
agreement with all-electron results.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we report hartreefock hf based pseudopotentials suitable for planewave calculations unlike typical effective core potentials the present pseudopotentials are finite at the origin and exhibit rapid convergence in a planewave basis the optimized pseudopotential method a m rappe et al phys rev b 41 122730 1990 improves planewave convergence normconserving hf pseudopotentials are found to develop longrange noncoulombic behavior which does not decay faster than 1r and is nonlocal this behavior which stems from the nonlocality of the exchange potential is remedied using a recently developed selfconsistent procedure j r trail and r j needs j chem phys 122 014112 2005 the resulting pseudopotentials slightly violate the norm conservation of the core charge we calculated several atomic properties using these pseudopotentials and the results are in good agreement with allelectron hf values the dissociation energies equilibrium bond lengths and frequency of vibrations of several dimers obtained with these hf pseudopotentials and plane waves are also in good agreement with allelectron results | [['we', 'report', 'hartreefock', 'hf', 'based', 'pseudopotentials', 'suitable', 'for', 'planewave', 'calculations', 'unlike', 'typical', 'effective', 'core', 'potentials', 'the', 'present', 'pseudopotentials', 'are', 'finite', 'at', 'the', 'origin', 'and', 'exhibit', 'rapid', 'convergence', 'in', 'a', 'planewave', 'basis', 'the', 'optimized', 'pseudopotential', 'method', 'a', 'm', 'rappe', 'et', 'al', 'phys', 'rev', 'b', '41', '122730', '1990', 'improves', 'planewave', 'convergence', 'normconserving', 'hf', 'pseudopotentials', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'develop', 'longrange', 'noncoulombic', 'behavior', 'which', 'does', 'not', 'decay', 'faster', 'than', '1r', 'and', 'is', 'nonlocal', 'this', 'behavior', 'which', 'stems', 'from', 'the', 'nonlocality', 'of', 'the', 'exchange', 'potential', 'is', 'remedied', 'using', 'a', 'recently', 'developed', 'selfconsistent', 'procedure', 'j', 'r', 'trail', 'and', 'r', 'j', 'needs', 'j', 'chem', 'phys', '122', '014112', '2005', 'the', 'resulting', 'pseudopotentials', 'slightly', 'violate', 'the', 'norm', 'conservation', 'of', 'the', 'core', 'charge', 'we', 'calculated', 'several', 'atomic', 'properties', 'using', 'these', 'pseudopotentials', 'and', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'allelectron', 'hf', 'values', 'the', 'dissociation', 'energies', 'equilibrium', 'bond', 'lengths', 'and', 'frequency', 'of', 'vibrations', 'of', 'several', 'dimers', 'obtained', 'with', 'these', 'hf', 'pseudopotentials', 'and', 'plane', 'waves', 'are', 'also', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'allelectron', 'results']] | [-0.0949838524566421, 0.09513710557094103, -0.05882090585224501, 0.027195274255892757, -0.007536553480084749, -0.131370600310001, 0.07033299531086194, 0.38919484759150424, -0.1382543440713677, -0.29300027969588016, -0.05324781062803526, -0.31296352953709, -0.0743957346871118, 0.12826018784596008, 0.023285864799318812, 0.08670954595408711, 0.0510254243309197, -0.09193794517129471, -0.14901518372854194, -0.2165908126655636, 0.17528402718090558, 0.11363829412980925, 0.26771712192769687, 0.08439618126265233, -0.01070553818982849, 0.03521575249843535, 0.025882262727717244, 0.00853644020831849, -0.1832695313717557, 0.10524491166778474, 0.23881308673998883, -0.004559946729789806, 0.24968338302646828, -0.45995420888891514, -0.20843105244485638, 0.008077868955987918, 0.08584841907089222, 0.17795877702551882, -0.011410698754406428, -0.2846524667457524, 0.034525445557812444, -0.23010150554200895, -0.1573575236127252, -0.18243901188119868, 0.07492336037839893, 0.09766091182651117, -0.3088720484866607, 0.16456598098296968, 0.014721300908293622, 0.07779201460777321, -0.07656432660827059, -0.21474374251003978, -0.05048875833855635, -0.04222267195641334, -0.008443116897104096, 0.10597391320463223, 0.11438814924346118, 0.0038005824221439563, -0.07335740955298932, 0.40446276083305666, -0.06755908184783914, -0.1472144722113315, 0.21687192196480318, -0.08911908740145331, -0.10852460150276841, 0.15700122998707597, 0.04043564422032501, 0.12121710397120376, -0.15924317754077125, 0.14601811923932495, -0.027450757717147847, 0.17836306884713896, 0.10331037496305012, 0.031633216241441664, 0.11170931693492163, 0.04485698806009951, -0.029216972527483218, 0.04140383242983135, -0.10305341610714831, -0.14026038588320872, -0.2789653643458799, -0.08185259906333411, -0.2237893558951696, 0.006210688010975866, -0.025695050055127226, -0.18560199046660733, 0.37512823516102156, 0.1342048237816419, 0.13077720268806325, -0.002229248343000212, 0.19211836763999507, 0.12418267413195741, 0.02691644696478991, 0.13329148694100684, 0.29510508785525313, 0.17727790739905985, 0.05699195176115424, -0.24212191517234932, -0.012521309133389186, 0.1135483317790388] |
712.1823 | Valley interference effects on a donor electron close to a Si/SiO2
interface | We analyze the effects of valley interference on the quantum control and
manipulation of an electron bound to a donor close to a Si/SiO2 interface as a
function of the valley-orbit coupling at the interface. We find that, for
finite valley-orbit coupling, the tunneling times involved in shuttling the
electron between the donor and the interface oscillate with the interface/donor
distance in much the same way as the exchange coupling oscillates with the
interdonor distance. These oscillations disappear when the ground state at the
interface is degenerate (corresponding to zero valley-orbit coupling).
| cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph | we analyze the effects of valley interference on the quantum control and manipulation of an electron bound to a donor close to a sisio2 interface as a function of the valleyorbit coupling at the interface we find that for finite valleyorbit coupling the tunneling times involved in shuttling the electron between the donor and the interface oscillate with the interfacedonor distance in much the same way as the exchange coupling oscillates with the interdonor distance these oscillations disappear when the ground state at the interface is degenerate corresponding to zero valleyorbit coupling | [['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'valley', 'interference', 'on', 'the', 'quantum', 'control', 'and', 'manipulation', 'of', 'an', 'electron', 'bound', 'to', 'a', 'donor', 'close', 'to', 'a', 'sisio2', 'interface', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'valleyorbit', 'coupling', 'at', 'the', 'interface', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'for', 'finite', 'valleyorbit', 'coupling', 'the', 'tunneling', 'times', 'involved', 'in', 'shuttling', 'the', 'electron', 'between', 'the', 'donor', 'and', 'the', 'interface', 'oscillate', 'with', 'the', 'interfacedonor', 'distance', 'in', 'much', 'the', 'same', 'way', 'as', 'the', 'exchange', 'coupling', 'oscillates', 'with', 'the', 'interdonor', 'distance', 'these', 'oscillations', 'disappear', 'when', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'at', 'the', 'interface', 'is', 'degenerate', 'corresponding', 'to', 'zero', 'valleyorbit', 'coupling']] | [-0.19536857686650294, 0.20699084913476426, -0.035915961159344575, 0.07334646366275642, 0.007764905921418916, -0.20913566833689481, 0.10470412578177894, 0.3503339296759485, -0.30622427255570234, -0.3260584015931402, -0.0009417821944865224, -0.31064457741596707, -0.07140040611285348, 0.15230863484052512, 0.06413317122752522, -0.03494148068948762, 0.020739879694531907, 0.01715225800053104, -0.10296704788733232, -0.15692099380296665, 0.30776206202866446, 0.02443494708507557, 0.2994407470245938, 0.14333310715117298, 0.09012372614713487, 0.05453859888794985, 0.16401596301859553, -0.0489076915770196, -0.12285509647903542, 0.07145204906771471, 0.21875275640267428, -0.06535552899035943, 0.25426127136285814, -0.45306319745441714, -0.10907488199882209, 0.004597105275184571, 0.144054003351542, 0.1929426171540559, -0.058278241723131105, -0.2744600580657249, -0.005284080097636023, -0.12423758148369225, -0.09505147426542672, 0.027224536145945173, 0.010054081819751965, -0.004665064697082226, -0.26153939003431864, 0.07976433971466926, -0.009443858692135949, 0.003056007703500135, -0.05917325983294747, -0.0693973606493283, -0.09055587763457999, 0.17872327700376275, 0.04115386710215647, 0.061537080127131806, 0.14450029470026493, -0.10701065253374259, -0.0685204443890233, 0.31684619780875495, -0.11344570265878197, -0.15412342534042323, 0.2243889014922328, -0.18426241990751946, 0.011404780435611259, 0.09386050045889403, 0.14936209045309615, 0.0956612356201551, -0.09869861029997432, 0.07881327984460558, 0.060639120740713655, 0.16313248301938094, 0.0678423398614421, 0.11706233452903209, 0.24451047160591072, 0.15016720422471946, 0.12421069435447782, 0.1267240929806216, -0.1451890510020798, -0.10447142129907241, -0.27788830896491534, -0.16846683205701513, -0.20842339597888046, 0.08240456326997705, -0.06648453604909693, -0.18416647958968366, 0.4119873735849019, 0.13349386848059003, 0.2099760672445972, -0.012102338864089368, 0.2984620285640051, 0.16237883844699424, 0.08894232306296804, 0.03814771950531464, 0.30087654364223665, 0.16708062352500036, 0.09392586771071285, -0.3620485184089905, 0.06273816037247633, -0.018255762817276703] |
712.1824 | Modelling the Pan-Spectral Energy Distribution of Starburst Galaxies: IV
The Controlling Parameters of the Starburst SED | We combine the the stellar spectral synthesis code Starburst99, the nebular
modelling code MAPPINGSIII, and a 1-D dynamical evolution model of HII regions
around massive clusters of young stars to generate improved models of the
spectral energy distribution (SED) of starburst galaxies. We introduce a
compactness parameter, C, which characterizes the specific intensity of the
radiation field at ionization fronts in HII regions, and which controls the
shape of the far-IR dust re-emission, often referred to loosely as the dust
``temperature''. We also investigate the effect of metallicity on the overall
SED and in particular, on the strength of the PAH features. We provide
templates for the mean emission produced by the young compact HII regions, the
older (10 - 100 Myr) stars and for the wavelength-dependent attenuation
produced by a foreground screen of the dust used in our model. We demonstrate
that these components may be combined to produce a excellent fit to the
observed SEDs of star formation dominated galaxies which are often used as
templates (Arp 220 and NGC 6240). This fit extends from the Lyman Limit to
wavelengths of about one mm. The methods presented in both this paper and in
the previous papers of this series allow the extraction of the physical
parameters of the starburst region (star formation rates, star formation rate
history, mean cluster mass, metallicity, dust attenuation and pressure) from
the analysis of the pan-spectral SED.
| astro-ph | we combine the the stellar spectral synthesis code starburst99 the nebular modelling code mappingsiii and a 1d dynamical evolution model of hii regions around massive clusters of young stars to generate improved models of the spectral energy distribution sed of starburst galaxies we introduce a compactness parameter c which characterizes the specific intensity of the radiation field at ionization fronts in hii regions and which controls the shape of the farir dust reemission often referred to loosely as the dust temperature we also investigate the effect of metallicity on the overall sed and in particular on the strength of the pah features we provide templates for the mean emission produced by the young compact hii regions the older 10 100 myr stars and for the wavelengthdependent attenuation produced by a foreground screen of the dust used in our model we demonstrate that these components may be combined to produce a excellent fit to the observed seds of star formation dominated galaxies which are often used as templates arp 220 and ngc 6240 this fit extends from the lyman limit to wavelengths of about one mm the methods presented in both this paper and in the previous papers of this series allow the extraction of the physical parameters of the starburst region star formation rates star formation rate history mean cluster mass metallicity dust attenuation and pressure from the analysis of the panspectral sed | [['we', 'combine', 'the', 'the', 'stellar', 'spectral', 'synthesis', 'code', 'starburst99', 'the', 'nebular', 'modelling', 'code', 'mappingsiii', 'and', 'a', '1d', 'dynamical', 'evolution', 'model', 'of', 'hii', 'regions', 'around', 'massive', 'clusters', 'of', 'young', 'stars', 'to', 'generate', 'improved', 'models', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'energy', 'distribution', 'sed', 'of', 'starburst', 'galaxies', 'we', 'introduce', 'a', 'compactness', 'parameter', 'c', 'which', 'characterizes', 'the', 'specific', 'intensity', 'of', 'the', 'radiation', 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712.1825 | Low Metallicity Indicates that the Hypervelocity Star HE 0437-5439 was
Ejected from the LMC | We measure the metallicity of the unusual hypervelocity star HE 0437-5439
from high resolution spectroscopy to be half-solar. We determine a spectral
type of B2 IV-III for the star and derive an effective temperature Teff= 21,500
+/- 1,000 K and a surface gravity log(g) = 3.7 +/- 0.2 (cgs). We also present
BV time series photometry and find the star to be non-variable at the 0.02 mag
level. We refine the magnitude of the hypervelocity star to V=16.36+/-0.04 mag,
with a color B-V=-0.23+/-0.03 mag, confirming its early-type nature. Our
metallicity result establishes the origin of HE 0437-5439 in the Large
Magellanic Cloud and implies the existence of a massive black hole somewhere in
this galaxy.
| astro-ph | we measure the metallicity of the unusual hypervelocity star he 04375439 from high resolution spectroscopy to be halfsolar we determine a spectral type of b2 iviii for the star and derive an effective temperature teff 21500 1000 k and a surface gravity logg 37 02 cgs we also present bv time series photometry and find the star to be nonvariable at the 002 mag level we refine the magnitude of the hypervelocity star to v1636004 mag with a color bv023003 mag confirming its earlytype nature our metallicity result establishes the origin of he 04375439 in the large magellanic cloud and implies the existence of a massive black hole somewhere in this galaxy | [['we', 'measure', 'the', 'metallicity', 'of', 'the', 'unusual', 'hypervelocity', 'star', 'he', '04375439', 'from', 'high', 'resolution', 'spectroscopy', 'to', 'be', 'halfsolar', 'we', 'determine', 'a', 'spectral', 'type', 'of', 'b2', 'iviii', 'for', 'the', 'star', 'and', 'derive', 'an', 'effective', 'temperature', 'teff', '21500', '1000', 'k', 'and', 'a', 'surface', 'gravity', 'logg', '37', '02', 'cgs', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'bv', 'time', 'series', 'photometry', 'and', 'find', 'the', 'star', 'to', 'be', 'nonvariable', 'at', 'the', '002', 'mag', 'level', 'we', 'refine', 'the', 'magnitude', 'of', 'the', 'hypervelocity', 'star', 'to', 'v1636004', 'mag', 'with', 'a', 'color', 'bv023003', 'mag', 'confirming', 'its', 'earlytype', 'nature', 'our', 'metallicity', 'result', 'establishes', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'he', '04375439', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'and', 'implies', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'massive', 'black', 'hole', 'somewhere', 'in', 'this', 'galaxy']] | [-0.06169823008504781, 0.10284753361497265, -0.12462112995880571, 0.10240026301259852, -0.11425229300406169, -0.050223699648102575, 0.13882587915921416, 0.3952913075177507, -0.14972543836867605, -0.3794292841699313, 0.020112911563112654, -0.29610628194429656, -0.006454826603558931, 0.1479673943672837, -0.1334650667045604, -0.0715968181130434, 0.05678196813572537, -0.026692611326209523, -0.06322804110294039, -0.2925400705330751, 0.2647819387652403, 0.014927219806916334, 0.111183620093983, -0.005768242704851384, 0.04869331382638351, -0.10684904481538317, -0.04577932230789553, -0.037563514997336, -0.22536603451960466, 0.014610126151025972, 0.22257121359844775, 0.12091996576637029, 0.2043190367096527, -0.26433742109220476, -0.1861177484568378, 0.029182843101972885, 0.1540741670252332, 0.029868082619610836, -0.08383912701921707, -0.25954804648221896, 0.10564107686619867, -0.18477028972384604, -0.22806556733663785, 0.08757950493388555, 0.08882997329770163, -0.006550240192816339, -0.2260909252834443, 0.15819834012337114, 0.01428487543016672, 0.14382416988638314, -0.1329891731930812, -0.11991006773896515, -0.07633386145303533, 0.0548428752925247, -0.003968964353076775, 0.14585269487341232, 0.11081378705460918, -0.12530468008791848, 0.051387702360410584, 0.4101436504755508, -0.1373344995039092, 0.07228038478642702, 0.2076921097680249, -0.22292459485205737, -0.17273537896319546, 0.10026674591512842, 0.1170310585251586, 0.1725581185426563, -0.18682200369340451, 0.024848742232742634, 0.02905489201657474, 0.20706635261885822, 0.0704654776258394, 0.09221130466652208, 0.3407301675983366, 0.1152446191990748, 0.03527901009233161, 0.056940654383718294, -0.2772364001721144, 0.03374963436614383, -0.22285769666460428, -0.1519824341447516, -0.103651177121157, 0.12995681799524886, -0.21329896858925085, -0.13403491131532724, 0.32149984982203356, 0.13517132613977248, 0.22571480585770173, 0.05019511936909773, 0.240116817436435, 0.11821868092520163, 0.08324660546918908, 0.14204542120410638, 0.31049951266243375, 0.23354530840773474, 0.09227216422176836, -0.26965870204254644, 0.028135776583274655, 0.048584651506759904] |
712.1826 | On covariant quantization of M0-brane. Spinor moving frame, pure spinor
formalism and hidden symmetries of D=11 supergravity | The covariant quantization of massless D=11 superparticle (M0-brane) in its
twistor-like Lorentz harmonic formulation is used to clarify the origin and
some properties of the Berkovits pure spinor approach to quantum superstring
and to search for hidden symmetries of D=11 supergravity. In the twistor like
Lorentz harmonic formulation, the SO(16) symmetry is seen already at the
classical level. The quantization produces the linearized supergravity
multiplet as 128+128=256 component Majorana spinor of SO(16) and also shows an
indirect argument in favor of the possible E8 symmetry.
| hep-th | the covariant quantization of massless d11 superparticle m0brane in its twistorlike lorentz harmonic formulation is used to clarify the origin and some properties of the berkovits pure spinor approach to quantum superstring and to search for hidden symmetries of d11 supergravity in the twistor like lorentz harmonic formulation the so16 symmetry is seen already at the classical level the quantization produces the linearized supergravity multiplet as 128128256 component majorana spinor of so16 and also shows an indirect argument in favor of the possible e8 symmetry | [['the', 'covariant', 'quantization', 'of', 'massless', 'd11', 'superparticle', 'm0brane', 'in', 'its', 'twistorlike', 'lorentz', 'harmonic', 'formulation', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'clarify', 'the', 'origin', 'and', 'some', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'berkovits', 'pure', 'spinor', 'approach', 'to', 'quantum', 'superstring', 'and', 'to', 'search', 'for', 'hidden', 'symmetries', 'of', 'd11', 'supergravity', 'in', 'the', 'twistor', 'like', 'lorentz', 'harmonic', 'formulation', 'the', 'so16', 'symmetry', 'is', 'seen', 'already', 'at', 'the', 'classical', 'level', 'the', 'quantization', 'produces', 'the', 'linearized', 'supergravity', 'multiplet', 'as', '128128256', 'component', 'majorana', 'spinor', 'of', 'so16', 'and', 'also', 'shows', 'an', 'indirect', 'argument', 'in', 'favor', 'of', 'the', 'possible', 'e8', 'symmetry']] | [-0.1438696029862123, 0.1728521644380678, -0.06299159301644457, 0.1302640025387518, -0.1642474611733286, -0.1622509449620598, -0.014692338396950314, 0.2922125344304645, -0.16787014365018832, -0.24545047463228306, 0.04278745264690813, -0.24354499268035093, -0.16038307006515207, 0.061315114074941016, -0.04761827663917627, 0.028211301286189285, -0.051553595456339064, 0.10338409415756662, -0.1519136797266713, -0.27888376505801543, 0.2926284902440828, 0.046900827885283866, 0.2934840174220015, 0.00811011431783083, 0.13785463694061728, -0.0033165320332738616, 0.019093345271401285, -0.11032072145358793, -0.02113323879893869, 0.11992261148545713, 0.21561333374120295, 0.08774200133753073, 0.0694756288236628, -0.46187297995423987, -0.21099631310651257, 0.03970046244960811, 0.18824770549933115, 0.15334349572436795, 0.008475484725620066, -0.3353155126706475, 0.008511036257481291, -0.1513476601768551, -0.2303751798878823, -0.11726090295373329, -0.017647866770857945, -0.20592227888049647, -0.18250034070972884, 0.1187529126483631, 0.07611924887446332, 0.03895781384337516, -0.09312715808933024, -0.09520369042902962, -0.12242353773520638, -0.027950012956612875, 0.16016244764960857, 0.06573591729621901, 0.09706873851107611, -0.17842819499838652, -0.18264758817496754, 0.41948001246852246, -0.07965161095905517, -0.25725531557552694, 0.12609564244658464, -0.08897829403923381, -0.22704334424010345, 0.09103709708211855, 0.04664461265894629, 0.13005873451973976, -0.11943104873145265, 0.24273633145120194, -0.026696581881315934, 0.10165975164688591, 0.09959557763622365, 0.08544612142057824, 0.2504937272696268, 0.08007148396046389, 0.056248344435256774, 0.09638932408277123, -0.04027474097286662, -0.15243392948884452, -0.4549764881015844, -0.18927700463349797, -0.11294725928677335, 0.1509305035606736, -0.09957003622219504, -0.1332519037116851, 0.37426211354544475, 0.09099028932715078, 0.09602257329970598, 0.012509043528033155, 0.18598225331377416, 0.13378770506270007, 0.10205598636197724, 0.01588838862343913, 0.29529192803862053, 0.2285635277540201, 0.07632450956069599, -0.3012422661274849, -0.21257764029516174, 0.20706498290833442] |
712.1827 | Mass, Metal, and Energy Feedback in Cosmological Simulations | Using Gadget-2 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations including an
observationally-constrained model for galactic outflows, we investigate how
feedback from star formation distributes mass, metals, and energy on cosmic
scales from z=6->0. We include instantaneous enrichment from Type II SNe,
delayed enrichment from Type Ia SNe and stellar (AGB) mass loss, and we
individually track C, O, Si, and Fe. Following on the successes of the
momentum-driven wind scalings, we improve our implementation with an on-the-fly
galaxy finder to derive wind properties based on host galaxy masses. By
tracking wind particles in a suite of simulations, we find: (1) Wind material
reaccretes onto a galaxy on a recycling timescale that varies inversely with
galaxy mass. Hence metals driven into the IGM by galactic superwinds cannot be
assumed to leave their galaxy forever. Wind material is typically recycled
several times; the median number of ejections for a given wind particle is 3,
so by z=0 the total mass ejected in winds exceeds 0.5\Omega_b. (2) The physical
distance winds travel is fairly independent of redshift and galaxy mass (60-100
physical kpc). For sizable galaxies at later epochs, winds typically do not
escape the galaxy halo, and rain back down in a halo fountain. High-z galaxies
enrich a significantly larger comoving volume of the IGM, with metals migrating
back into galaxies to lower z. (3) The energy imparted into winds scales with
M_{gal}^{1/3}, and energy from another source besides SNe (such as photons from
young stars) may be required to distributed cosmic metals as observed. (4) The
production of all 4 metals tracked is globally dominated by Type II SNe at all
epochs. However, intracluster gas iron content triples as a result of non-Type
II sources, and the low-z IGM carbon content is boosted by AGB feedback.
| astro-ph | using gadget2 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations including an observationallyconstrained model for galactic outflows we investigate how feedback from star formation distributes mass metals and energy on cosmic scales from z60 we include instantaneous enrichment from type ii sne delayed enrichment from type ia sne and stellar agb mass loss and we individually track c o si and fe following on the successes of the momentumdriven wind scalings we improve our implementation with an onthefly galaxy finder to derive wind properties based on host galaxy masses by tracking wind particles in a suite of simulations we find 1 wind material reaccretes onto a galaxy on a recycling timescale that varies inversely with galaxy mass hence metals driven into the igm by galactic superwinds cannot be assumed to leave their galaxy forever wind material is typically recycled several times the median number of ejections for a given wind particle is 3 so by z0 the total mass ejected in winds exceeds 05omega_b 2 the physical distance winds travel is fairly independent of redshift and galaxy mass 60100 physical kpc for sizable galaxies at later epochs winds typically do not escape the galaxy halo and rain back down in a halo fountain highz galaxies enrich a significantly larger comoving volume of the igm with metals migrating back into galaxies to lower z 3 the energy imparted into winds scales with m_gal13 and energy from another source besides sne such as photons from young stars may be required to distributed cosmic metals as observed 4 the production of all 4 metals tracked is globally dominated by type ii sne at all epochs however intracluster gas iron content triples as a result of nontype ii sources and the lowz igm carbon content is boosted by agb feedback | [['using', 'gadget2', 'cosmological', 'hydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'including', 'an', 'observationallyconstrained', 'model', 'for', 'galactic', 'outflows', 'we', 'investigate', 'how', 'feedback', 'from', 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712.1828 | Superfluid-insulator transition in Fermi-Bose mixtures and the
orthogonality catastrophe | The superfluid-insulator transition of bosons is strongly modified by the
presence of Fermions. Through an imaginary-time path integral approach, we
derive the self-consistent mean-field transition line, and account for both the
static and the dynamic screening effects of the fermions. We find that an
effect akin to the fermionic orthogonality catastrophe, arising from the
fermionic screening fluctuations, suppresses superfluidity. We analyze this
effect for various mixture parameters and temperatures, and consider possible
signatures of the orthogonality catastrophe effect in other measurables of the
mixture.
| cond-mat.supr-con | the superfluidinsulator transition of bosons is strongly modified by the presence of fermions through an imaginarytime path integral approach we derive the selfconsistent meanfield transition line and account for both the static and the dynamic screening effects of the fermions we find that an effect akin to the fermionic orthogonality catastrophe arising from the fermionic screening fluctuations suppresses superfluidity we analyze this effect for various mixture parameters and temperatures and consider possible signatures of the orthogonality catastrophe effect in other measurables of the mixture | [['the', 'superfluidinsulator', 'transition', 'of', 'bosons', 'is', 'strongly', 'modified', 'by', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'fermions', 'through', 'an', 'imaginarytime', 'path', 'integral', 'approach', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'selfconsistent', 'meanfield', 'transition', 'line', 'and', 'account', 'for', 'both', 'the', 'static', 'and', 'the', 'dynamic', 'screening', 'effects', 'of', 'the', 'fermions', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'an', 'effect', 'akin', 'to', 'the', 'fermionic', 'orthogonality', 'catastrophe', 'arising', 'from', 'the', 'fermionic', 'screening', 'fluctuations', 'suppresses', 'superfluidity', 'we', 'analyze', 'this', 'effect', 'for', 'various', 'mixture', 'parameters', 'and', 'temperatures', 'and', 'consider', 'possible', 'signatures', 'of', 'the', 'orthogonality', 'catastrophe', 'effect', 'in', 'other', 'measurables', 'of', 'the', 'mixture']] | [-0.13760699848422692, 0.22945746389485153, -0.08777634130923875, 0.124661888300796, -0.04696660682592275, -0.10946139892829317, 0.07740725108998872, 0.3069258731612492, -0.2538778259213792, -0.2426734244717019, 0.01912337108487485, -0.2938686366237345, -0.17389965530240997, 0.06938335926194365, 0.0601476635673039, 0.00592726892569945, -0.04285575101329457, -0.0183481338102692, -0.11113185772791483, -0.18926842255972415, 0.37423412495159675, 0.03793337430605399, 0.31333823945550693, 0.09818304397187949, 0.05239526080411105, 0.09074934208322138, 0.033573313272513804, 0.01155868817919067, -0.13662540816490254, 0.004559648799754325, 0.1627393454158058, 0.007297015582610454, 0.21127233453903282, -0.44967187956596416, -0.2504804876034974, 0.09834247593590546, 0.1513455574306482, 0.15981369161800968, -0.0686271772553612, -0.31055492127225515, -0.04679430719365233, -0.18325518904298188, -0.17226815076788798, -0.09165645674026261, -0.0349999380054041, -0.02218925646905388, -0.2933777101071818, 0.13686809985942783, 0.07398471980732643, 0.07806043658361193, -0.09196622162874389, -0.1057013720495715, -0.01283135671595422, 0.08418229118078238, 0.04974183465847524, -0.03938799391159721, 0.13162418869268594, -0.16377419279611094, -0.10572489747954976, 0.41936495305881616, -0.10793180679458947, -0.14276673271143364, 0.21652649812001204, -0.12076252446942297, -0.07725303572979533, 0.1409912080908682, 0.14858909828277925, 0.08545296250044235, -0.17506733618211, 0.07514893069830057, -0.015863692144020683, 0.08669139486127755, -0.021764032764449007, 0.07816445347963877, 0.2601463405518145, 0.10626821280346208, -0.008545197136256667, 0.21500435662303408, -0.13509629061999953, -0.15294607803073068, -0.279088194260285, -0.1328992170137575, -0.1453706607599521, -0.00980337418427336, -0.08278512576570003, -0.2101275364236374, 0.35849071238633423, 0.23144149221479893, 0.17804439350341758, 0.021199052848498382, 0.2517849083745941, 0.20546197191634702, 0.04964080620335326, 0.010999618924134189, 0.24372993781053948, 0.13792128809117934, 0.035023492810848565, -0.374903139272993, 0.008048971161423694, 0.0942167493159927] |
712.1829 | C, N, O Abundances in the Most Metal-Poor Damped Lyman alpha Systems | This study focuses on some of the most metal-poor damped Lyman alpha
absorbers known in the spectra of high redshift QSOs, using new and archival
observations obtained with UV-sensitive echelle spectrographs on the Keck and
VLT telescopes. The weakness and simple velocity structure of the absorption
lines in these systems allows us to measure the abundances of several elements,
and in particular those of C, N, and O, a group that is difficult to study in
DLAs of more typical metallicities. We find that when the oxygen abundance is
less than about 1/100 of solar, the C/O ratio in high redshift DLAs and
sub-DLAs matches that of halo stars of similar metallicity and shows higher
values than expected from galactic chemical evolution models based on
conventional stellar yields. Furthermore, there are indications that at these
low metallicities the N/O ratio may also be above simple expectations and may
exhibit a minimum value, as proposed by Centurion and her collaborators in
2003. Both results can be interpreted as evidence for enhanced production of C
and N by massive stars in the first few episodes of star formation, in our
Galaxy and in the distant proto-galaxies seen as QSO absorbers. The higher
stellar yields implied may have an origin in stellar rotation which promotes
mixing in the stars' interiors, as considered in some recent model
calculations. We briefly discuss the relevance of these results to current
ideas on the origin of metals in the intergalactic medium and the universality
of the stellar initial mass function.
| astro-ph | this study focuses on some of the most metalpoor damped lyman alpha absorbers known in the spectra of high redshift qsos using new and archival observations obtained with uvsensitive echelle spectrographs on the keck and vlt telescopes the weakness and simple velocity structure of the absorption lines in these systems allows us to measure the abundances of several elements and in particular those of c n and o a group that is difficult to study in dlas of more typical metallicities we find that when the oxygen abundance is less than about 1100 of solar the co ratio in high redshift dlas and subdlas matches that of halo stars of similar metallicity and shows higher values than expected from galactic chemical evolution models based on conventional stellar yields furthermore there are indications that at these low metallicities the no ratio may also be above simple expectations and may exhibit a minimum value as proposed by centurion and her collaborators in 2003 both results can be interpreted as evidence for enhanced production of c and n by massive stars in the first few episodes of star formation in our galaxy and in the distant protogalaxies seen as qso absorbers the higher stellar yields implied may have an origin in stellar rotation which promotes mixing in the stars interiors as considered in some recent model calculations we briefly discuss the relevance of these results to current ideas on the origin of metals in the intergalactic medium and the universality of the stellar initial mass function | [['this', 'study', 'focuses', 'on', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'metalpoor', 'damped', 'lyman', 'alpha', 'absorbers', 'known', 'in', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'high', 'redshift', 'qsos', 'using', 'new', 'and', 'archival', 'observations', 'obtained', 'with', 'uvsensitive', 'echelle', 'spectrographs', 'on', 'the', 'keck', 'and', 'vlt', 'telescopes', 'the', 'weakness', 'and', 'simple', 'velocity', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'absorption', 'lines', 'in', 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712.183 | Ultra-high energy Neutrinos from Centaurus A and the Auger hot spot | The Pierre Auger collaboration has reported a correlation between Ultra-High
Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) and nearby Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) within 75
Mpc. Two of these events fall within 3 degrees from Centaurus A, the nearest
AGN, clearly suggesting that this object is a strong UHECR emitter. Here we
pursue this hypothesis and forecast the expected rate of ultra-high energy
neutrinos in detectors like IceCube. In our baseline model we find a rate of
0.4--0.6 yr^-1 events above a threshold of 100 TeV, the uncertainty of which is
mainly related to the poor knowledge of the physical parameters of the source
and on the details of the model. This situation will improve with detailed high
energy gamma ray measurements of Cen A by the upcoming GLAST satellite. This
would make Cen A the first example where the potential of high energy
multi-messenger astronomy is finally realized.
| astro-ph | the pierre auger collaboration has reported a correlation between ultrahigh energy cosmic rays uhecr and nearby active galactic nuclei agns within 75 mpc two of these events fall within 3 degrees from centaurus a the nearest agn clearly suggesting that this object is a strong uhecr emitter here we pursue this hypothesis and forecast the expected rate of ultrahigh energy neutrinos in detectors like icecube in our baseline model we find a rate of 0406 yr1 events above a threshold of 100 tev the uncertainty of which is mainly related to the poor knowledge of the physical parameters of the source and on the details of the model this situation will improve with detailed high energy gamma ray measurements of cen a by the upcoming glast satellite this would make cen a the first example where the potential of high energy multimessenger astronomy is finally realized | [['the', 'pierre', 'auger', 'collaboration', 'has', 'reported', 'a', 'correlation', 'between', 'ultrahigh', 'energy', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'uhecr', 'and', 'nearby', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agns', 'within', '75', 'mpc', 'two', 'of', 'these', 'events', 'fall', 'within', '3', 'degrees', 'from', 'centaurus', 'a', 'the', 'nearest', 'agn', 'clearly', 'suggesting', 'that', 'this', 'object', 'is', 'a', 'strong', 'uhecr', 'emitter', 'here', 'we', 'pursue', 'this', 'hypothesis', 'and', 'forecast', 'the', 'expected', 'rate', 'of', 'ultrahigh', 'energy', 'neutrinos', 'in', 'detectors', 'like', 'icecube', 'in', 'our', 'baseline', 'model', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'rate', 'of', '0406', 'yr1', 'events', 'above', 'a', 'threshold', 'of', '100', 'tev', 'the', 'uncertainty', 'of', 'which', 'is', 'mainly', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'poor', 'knowledge', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'source', 'and', 'on', 'the', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'this', 'situation', 'will', 'improve', 'with', 'detailed', 'high', 'energy', 'gamma', 'ray', 'measurements', 'of', 'cen', 'a', 'by', 'the', 'upcoming', 'glast', 'satellite', 'this', 'would', 'make', 'cen', 'a', 'the', 'first', 'example', 'where', 'the', 'potential', 'of', 'high', 'energy', 'multimessenger', 'astronomy', 'is', 'finally', 'realized']] | [-0.09378221102556443, 0.16997047459662012, -0.03906721242843834, 0.1714528321945555, -0.08101679259362592, -0.046443757056880565, 0.08797522259027736, 0.3918416296986684, -0.200387477661062, -0.38950090086062067, 0.013017840898748844, -0.3419098577347316, -0.02280770128669396, 0.20919996893275783, 0.01639326538074098, -0.02320901940701121, 0.08859530642265072, -0.009502174032928601, -0.028596389635261912, -0.21814016522425037, 0.2492482832773295, 0.24513197844937343, 0.2275683606611182, 0.06555203483950296, 0.12186161293775762, -0.05693518712300144, -0.05965161299945353, -0.06318760748748502, -0.10632844974968801, 0.09353108063486902, 0.2706133127021157, 0.13488949277463738, 0.2254637465046795, -0.36189681706848004, -0.24505945350592062, 0.1274875759446917, 0.13199796639893152, 0.005522988136213477, -0.07744824874600753, -0.30982566131789185, 0.06865430382807573, -0.2199716044921581, -0.16347474468017176, 0.10075355901252096, -0.02143703432026485, 0.06529606832327772, -0.2007095301172964, 0.09764949616350949, 0.011107722456783873, 0.026780611010944495, -0.09625707711619388, -0.09335157291625613, 0.04035512784221656, 0.05637047218465029, 0.08415613125902856, 0.07852160111898938, 0.16932085393417678, -0.132720214887267, -0.11242387203255681, 0.3834840485647525, -0.03686053807287452, -0.05269980432516704, 0.18665016778905824, -0.23230550968254063, -0.19810704594758682, 0.13370564602449383, 0.17739635002831228, 0.07260397682444843, -0.18521223618164148, 0.06493901578615394, -0.01344518625011591, 0.19912785651442938, 0.014235951800588263, 0.027569765534430538, 0.26224820605919325, 0.20564251898449834, 0.10374358485848324, 0.05297034043636913, -0.2380161088722286, 0.030092601681109006, -0.3081260678033051, -0.10343764774494944, -0.15888517186020132, 0.12372704855348175, -0.11095573214388672, -0.07283520101520156, 0.405211183838929, 0.12648670590635747, 0.20004479557735055, -0.01791980927921704, 0.29050026459568373, 0.02570971830314255, 0.030051037394888187, 0.07202738180775706, 0.3900501908900293, 0.061554367740140996, 0.09492633521735463, -0.18187560383007184, 0.046999571793904044, -0.026984120307694356] |
712.1831 | Quasar Broad Absorption Line Variability on Multi-Year Time Scales | We use quantitative metrics to characterize the variation of CIV 1549 A broad
absorption lines (BALs) over 3--6 (rest-frame) years in a sample of 13 quasars
at 1.7 <= z <= 2.8 and compare the results to previous studies of BAL
variability on shorter time scales. The strong BALs in our study change in
complex ways over 3--6 yr. Variation occurs in discrete regions which are only
a few thousand km/s wide, and the distribution of the change in absorption
equivalent width broadens over time. We constrain the typical CIV BAL lifetime
to be at least a few decades. While we do not find evidence to support a
scenario in which the variation is primarily driven by photoionization on
multi-year time scales, there is some indication that the variation is produced
by changes in outflow geometry. We do not observe significant changes in the
BAL onset velocity, indicating that the absorber is either far from the source
or is being continually replenished and is azimuthally symmetric.
It is not possible in a human lifetime to expand the time scales in our study
by more than a factor of a few using optical spectroscopy. However, the strong
variation we have observed in some BALs indicates that future studies of large
numbers of BAL QSOs will be valuable to constrain BAL lifetimes and the physics
of variation.
| astro-ph | we use quantitative metrics to characterize the variation of civ 1549 a broad absorption lines bals over 36 restframe years in a sample of 13 quasars at 17 z 28 and compare the results to previous studies of bal variability on shorter time scales the strong bals in our study change in complex ways over 36 yr variation occurs in discrete regions which are only a few thousand kms wide and the distribution of the change in absorption equivalent width broadens over time we constrain the typical civ bal lifetime to be at least a few decades while we do not find evidence to support a scenario in which the variation is primarily driven by photoionization on multiyear time scales there is some indication that the variation is produced by changes in outflow geometry we do not observe significant changes in the bal onset velocity indicating that the absorber is either far from the source or is being continually replenished and is azimuthally symmetric it is not possible in a human lifetime to expand the time scales in our study by more than a factor of a few using optical spectroscopy however the strong variation we have observed in some bals indicates that future studies of large numbers of bal qsos will be valuable to constrain bal lifetimes and the physics of variation | [['we', 'use', 'quantitative', 'metrics', 'to', 'characterize', 'the', 'variation', 'of', 'civ', '1549', 'a', 'broad', 'absorption', 'lines', 'bals', 'over', '36', 'restframe', 'years', 'in', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '13', 'quasars', 'at', '17', 'z', '28', 'and', 'compare', 'the', 'results', 'to', 'previous', 'studies', 'of', 'bal', 'variability', 'on', 'shorter', 'time', 'scales', 'the', 'strong', 'bals', 'in', 'our', 'study', 'change', 'in', 'complex', 'ways', 'over', '36', 'yr', 'variation', 'occurs', 'in', 'discrete', 'regions', 'which', 'are', 'only', 'a', 'few', 'thousand', 'kms', 'wide', 'and', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'change', 'in', 'absorption', 'equivalent', 'width', 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712.1832 | LS I+61 303: microquasar or not microquasar? | LS I +61 303 is a puzzling object detected from radio up to high-energy
gamma-rays. Variability has recently been observed in its high-energy emission.
The object is a binary system, with a compact object and a Be star as primary.
The nature of the secondary and the origin of the gamma-ray emission are not
clearly established at present. Recent VLBA radio data have been used to claim
that the system is a Be/neutron star colliding wind binary, instead of a
microquasar. We review the main views on the nature of LS I +61 303 and present
results of 3D SPH simulations that can shed some light on the nature of the
system. Our results support an accretion powered source, compatible with a
microquasar interpretation.
| astro-ph | ls i 61 303 is a puzzling object detected from radio up to highenergy gammarays variability has recently been observed in its highenergy emission the object is a binary system with a compact object and a be star as primary the nature of the secondary and the origin of the gammaray emission are not clearly established at present recent vlba radio data have been used to claim that the system is a beneutron star colliding wind binary instead of a microquasar we review the main views on the nature of ls i 61 303 and present results of 3d sph simulations that can shed some light on the nature of the system our results support an accretion powered source compatible with a microquasar interpretation | [['ls', 'i', '61', '303', 'is', 'a', 'puzzling', 'object', 'detected', 'from', 'radio', 'up', 'to', 'highenergy', 'gammarays', 'variability', 'has', 'recently', 'been', 'observed', 'in', 'its', 'highenergy', 'emission', 'the', 'object', 'is', 'a', 'binary', 'system', 'with', 'a', 'compact', 'object', 'and', 'a', 'be', 'star', 'as', 'primary', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'secondary', 'and', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'gammaray', 'emission', 'are', 'not', 'clearly', 'established', 'at', 'present', 'recent', 'vlba', 'radio', 'data', 'have', 'been', 'used', 'to', 'claim', 'that', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'a', 'beneutron', 'star', 'colliding', 'wind', 'binary', 'instead', 'of', 'a', 'microquasar', 'we', 'review', 'the', 'main', 'views', 'on', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'ls', 'i', '61', '303', 'and', 'present', 'results', 'of', '3d', 'sph', 'simulations', 'that', 'can', 'shed', 'some', 'light', 'on', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'our', 'results', 'support', 'an', 'accretion', 'powered', 'source', 'compatible', 'with', 'a', 'microquasar', 'interpretation']] | [-0.10314553700041987, 0.06364709631863309, -0.10642485916539426, 0.07785451136747255, -0.13566766771292615, -0.128197175844933, 0.012572184666961191, 0.4121525596466757, -0.19721509045695945, -0.3248268784225201, 0.10406583164829851, -0.30788636851995704, -0.0780948897853734, 0.22390987659474054, -0.05411426253586767, -0.013214933528703818, 0.13872992792218405, -0.03237917216967851, -0.030495008551365426, -0.20051262297126796, 0.30036639139777227, 0.11170840115782114, 0.16173373042012476, 0.018722460791093087, 0.09842013684570819, -0.08884360159244088, -0.035045269185737256, -0.019984050728981535, -0.02995510124885421, 0.09308284597336164, 0.2141124993682869, 0.18165658719484665, 0.17226218053650472, -0.35520903422166744, -0.26603328610297233, 0.031249547921752018, 0.13719720440267044, 0.005646128117317154, -0.07324928020675396, -0.29346417384259704, 0.10758788752249412, -0.25206029296462096, -0.1359670180226526, 0.06099233537491772, 0.07201305638638235, 0.05320667683882939, -0.16968926491080633, 0.036634945160438935, 0.07755734221521585, 0.04923240231507788, -0.13704895571478823, -0.07528982363404677, 0.02479722922960777, 0.05437439946070945, 0.07075904983456337, 0.10011439257481645, 0.1018629708935717, -0.1106017074818092, -0.1553412913757887, 0.41225294889731995, -0.0344197753743614, -0.05284325407457448, 0.2905351421044719, -0.1861667758691305, -0.22312713005099324, 0.1979569872886303, 0.16497110703118867, 0.12721715947132436, -0.16737694747655862, 0.0023888171816642788, -0.07224026275798678, 0.223760926326166, -0.02826887273958193, 0.051801393781187796, 0.3497027234144269, 0.17468676836823202, -0.05368764596172578, 0.13215941608218745, -0.2572333246822499, -0.009262215331076615, -0.25625133144879536, -0.08248492171086612, -0.20510641497469717, 0.10426459720768053, -0.032412369693878236, -0.06738862237562576, 0.3858590187042395, 0.10860385589166394, 0.20395903100049304, -0.038723900112428614, 0.27501448060596184, 0.08798731854673655, 0.005762550127392094, 0.13791338888733018, 0.3461663412024556, 0.1312540306938782, 0.14175915591899427, -0.2235926451976411, 0.08900816351149021, 0.01629592632995017] |
712.1833 | Oceanic Ambient Noise as a Background to Acoustic Neutrino Detection | Ambient noise measured in the deep ocean is studied in the context of a
search for signals from ultra-high energy cosmic ray neutrinos. The spectral
shape of the noise at the relevant high frequencies is found to be very stable
for an extensive data set collected over several months from 49 hydrophones
mounted near the bottom of the ocean at ~1600 m depth. The slopes of the
ambient noise spectra above 15 kHz are found to roll-off faster than the -6
dB/octave seen in Knudsen spectra. A model attributing the source to an uniform
distribution of surface noise that includes frequency-dependent absorption at
large depth is found to fit the data well up to 25 kHz. This depth dependent
model should therefore be used in analysis methods of acoustic neutrino pulse
detection that require the expected noise spectra.
| physics.ao-ph astro-ph hep-ex | ambient noise measured in the deep ocean is studied in the context of a search for signals from ultrahigh energy cosmic ray neutrinos the spectral shape of the noise at the relevant high frequencies is found to be very stable for an extensive data set collected over several months from 49 hydrophones mounted near the bottom of the ocean at 1600 m depth the slopes of the ambient noise spectra above 15 khz are found to rolloff faster than the 6 dboctave seen in knudsen spectra a model attributing the source to an uniform distribution of surface noise that includes frequencydependent absorption at large depth is found to fit the data well up to 25 khz this depth dependent model should therefore be used in analysis methods of acoustic neutrino pulse detection that require the expected noise spectra | [['ambient', 'noise', 'measured', 'in', 'the', 'deep', 'ocean', 'is', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'a', 'search', 'for', 'signals', 'from', 'ultrahigh', 'energy', 'cosmic', 'ray', 'neutrinos', 'the', 'spectral', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'noise', 'at', 'the', 'relevant', 'high', 'frequencies', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'very', 'stable', 'for', 'an', 'extensive', 'data', 'set', 'collected', 'over', 'several', 'months', 'from', '49', 'hydrophones', 'mounted', 'near', 'the', 'bottom', 'of', 'the', 'ocean', 'at', '1600', 'm', 'depth', 'the', 'slopes', 'of', 'the', 'ambient', 'noise', 'spectra', 'above', '15', 'khz', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'rolloff', 'faster', 'than', 'the', '6', 'dboctave', 'seen', 'in', 'knudsen', 'spectra', 'a', 'model', 'attributing', 'the', 'source', 'to', 'an', 'uniform', 'distribution', 'of', 'surface', 'noise', 'that', 'includes', 'frequencydependent', 'absorption', 'at', 'large', 'depth', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'fit', 'the', 'data', 'well', 'up', 'to', '25', 'khz', 'this', 'depth', 'dependent', 'model', 'should', 'therefore', 'be', 'used', 'in', 'analysis', 'methods', 'of', 'acoustic', 'neutrino', 'pulse', 'detection', 'that', 'require', 'the', 'expected', 'noise', 'spectra']] | [-0.06293652025663232, 0.15201628098564296, -0.056555192727242076, 0.09331673834588461, -0.016942305816677366, -0.09627228561299343, 0.017688917002919382, 0.39484796635415675, -0.2543020269656758, -0.38435351449051314, 0.08784847938707166, -0.3162985131311074, -0.024539921092834784, 0.2541083874398448, -0.03592022119878526, 0.03704987644442242, 0.05067709288355915, 0.0315469569861413, -0.03973442607858375, -0.20484412095788188, 0.2353548780695474, 0.14845817571273923, 0.29704259033144936, 0.016525699709453723, 0.08952164121590772, -0.07527549622111349, -0.07004448528789038, -0.035032223277031885, -0.08789977501029655, 0.058475514906152645, 0.2678668387319186, 0.06786659411596556, 0.17330304876880814, -0.3855669438077586, -0.2576345869537144, 0.0887175201519943, 0.11696790518701403, 0.061496512689049876, -0.002040048211432286, -0.266675024041838, 0.09218895308487288, -0.12567563220369118, -0.12617276685761056, 0.008406405612472852, 0.014879145350198459, -0.005176097198804147, -0.25250805610702476, 0.08613601489414047, 0.012432283165280021, 0.09966595468186114, -0.09284461090888448, -0.14850790985608406, -0.011090108580941702, 0.09201601066033485, 0.04053606520862366, 0.02301900694932768, 0.15143278053023573, -0.13650927010305008, -0.025837747923975442, 0.35973555988965245, -0.15454815466173186, -0.07994740340097324, 0.1879074314378039, -0.1882999488050594, -0.06790531866837048, 0.27372702638734214, 0.197554572983339, 0.07605250865003488, -0.16754987440921748, 0.020984869817421384, 0.009680334781126601, 0.23330020094222395, 0.11656476328502932, 0.017779318717763806, 0.20880855299042958, 0.18221186948379325, 0.06600229630423506, 0.09903951646355627, -0.23150597652080504, 0.040745537619303614, -0.27360730119224597, -0.045902447910965795, -0.17879564218549399, 0.05506105410754273, -0.08581374848710142, -0.1240582182378012, 0.39319992707838325, 0.14805480721236688, 0.22597022622612978, 0.025809663850950064, 0.30915466662543917, 0.10211222959662376, 0.07291372652831793, 0.08531149861192072, 0.2733634886073533, 0.12220931737887653, 0.15699064316496553, -0.18758050234814982, 0.018453443419514565, -0.062187518193692407] |
712.1834 | Scattering for H^1/2 bounded solutions to the cubic, defocusing NLS in 3
dimensions | We show that if a solution of the defocusing cubic NLS in 3d remains bounded
in the homogeneous Sobolev norm of order 1/2 in its maximal interval of
existence, then the interval is infinite and the solution scatters. No radial
assumption is made.
| math.AP math.AG | we show that if a solution of the defocusing cubic nls in 3d remains bounded in the homogeneous sobolev norm of order 12 in its maximal interval of existence then the interval is infinite and the solution scatters no radial assumption is made | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'a', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'defocusing', 'cubic', 'nls', 'in', '3d', 'remains', 'bounded', 'in', 'the', 'homogeneous', 'sobolev', 'norm', 'of', 'order', '12', 'in', 'its', 'maximal', 'interval', 'of', 'existence', 'then', 'the', 'interval', 'is', 'infinite', 'and', 'the', 'solution', 'scatters', 'no', 'radial', 'assumption', 'is', 'made']] | [-0.1724714387294858, 0.08821079525879996, -0.052346004157592434, 0.06315773258223957, -0.06944675948254245, -0.08034349512308836, -0.020860289505054783, 0.39896976263370626, -0.29299405284312574, -0.17643994684222825, 0.19943523923812304, -0.32750204019248486, -0.07856179856110451, 0.13233069539189252, -0.01028603772351215, 0.08360412509889927, 0.06254285231752452, 0.088778932947059, -0.08380921979348153, -0.29644985306401583, 0.3443175758408426, -0.1034432623351296, 0.1982600577229764, 0.07515908136617305, 0.12941950282385184, -0.02398168306451204, 0.02618677576267442, 0.002077486236081567, -0.16836209799420918, 0.08863167965048274, 0.17824718802300996, 0.07946958730733672, 0.3136760300285248, -0.3877883809077185, -0.19983441176889247, 0.211798733750055, 0.15718692177256874, 0.08471430101713469, -0.06844522669738115, -0.23251368746508, 0.12576703530151484, -0.061971930137207344, -0.25734857034457975, 0.01622700530949027, 0.08277785690328063, 0.03439306071417969, -0.29909069342322125, 0.13102053725268953, 0.1450489323727007, 0.019086189329797446, -0.17574843742917184, -0.023652707478356395, -0.07378484447335087, 0.027348159054337545, 0.018939775772132846, 0.04984372674465873, -0.03582128671236163, -0.11404772146150123, -0.025023757815794197, 0.3764601501441279, -0.11394671793907968, -0.2647736941919077, 0.09491490139517673, -0.21120023724168194, -0.07276015984284323, 0.13227620830239598, 0.11645366303449453, 0.12301642936112922, -0.0810996206304015, 0.2387274226463443, -0.10307223999569583, 0.2551050778738288, 0.14852260653102814, -0.002656490598848566, 0.07333091819702192, 0.14665632608324983, 0.20679562361802645, 0.12386788720221714, -0.054517019615876815, -0.08872966678423244, -0.34543977738466375, -0.1308314387827332, -0.2057706793380338, 0.0943134348666252, -0.14514011994706802, -0.22117077664277235, 0.34322967471251653, 0.08766555725488552, 0.154020048244748, 0.0567635302973348, 0.21717790992887215, 0.12782421075673991, -0.011693940866132116, 0.12198308873705047, 0.2603220521624005, 0.11514376380025994, 0.09541419005497943, -0.19012937890798892, 0.027736695537473575, 0.13564888941398875] |
712.1835 | Invertible Mappings of Nonlinear PDEs to Linear PDEs Through Admitted
Conservation Laws | An algorithmic method using conservation law multipliers is introduced that
yields necessary and sufficient conditions to find invertible mappings of a
given nonlinear PDE to some linear PDE and to construct such a mapping when it
exists. Previous methods yielded such conditions from admitted point or contact
symmetries of the nonlinear PDE. Through examples, these two linearization
approaches are contrasted.
| math-ph math.MP | an algorithmic method using conservation law multipliers is introduced that yields necessary and sufficient conditions to find invertible mappings of a given nonlinear pde to some linear pde and to construct such a mapping when it exists previous methods yielded such conditions from admitted point or contact symmetries of the nonlinear pde through examples these two linearization approaches are contrasted | [['an', 'algorithmic', 'method', 'using', 'conservation', 'law', 'multipliers', 'is', 'introduced', 'that', 'yields', 'necessary', 'and', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'to', 'find', 'invertible', 'mappings', 'of', 'a', 'given', 'nonlinear', 'pde', 'to', 'some', 'linear', 'pde', 'and', 'to', 'construct', 'such', 'a', 'mapping', 'when', 'it', 'exists', 'previous', 'methods', 'yielded', 'such', 'conditions', 'from', 'admitted', 'point', 'or', 'contact', 'symmetries', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'pde', 'through', 'examples', 'these', 'two', 'linearization', 'approaches', 'are', 'contrasted']] | [-0.09608886037021876, 0.005886946023141112, -0.07653443738818169, 0.05142938754094454, -0.12898299044463785, -0.2278457685994605, -0.005810590441493939, 0.35748955197632315, -0.32180903643990555, -0.24644299779708187, 0.14687146575500568, -0.28764018475388486, -0.21036841706760848, 0.22710889440883572, -0.09420900959157734, 0.14926468442815047, 0.04738685076590628, 0.0009010484597335259, -0.12623456907846656, -0.230585381295532, 0.33480938566693413, -0.04388488743764659, 0.21869789152406155, 0.018400992212506632, 0.20200652309382955, -0.060598693788051605, -0.04155622142910336, 0.04853431649971753, -0.15468027999607634, 0.04575790050439536, 0.28458370132915056, 0.1242469564313069, 0.283621299189205, -0.42736003135020534, -0.21728495578281581, 0.1010012410969163, 0.09727024466264993, 0.09424665186864635, -0.08337535141812016, -0.28352887695655227, 0.09601828131514291, -0.09858034808809558, -0.14732173387892544, -0.13617623238824308, -0.03205063617788255, 0.0652895133321484, -0.3465568312443793, 0.05416519109470149, 0.12492657365898291, 0.08238531667739153, -0.09198939470807091, -0.06520322474340598, -0.07002174227964134, 0.07911810158063114, 0.04731636803674822, -0.018215627898462115, 0.08247220805690934, -0.07411584137007594, -0.09558041580021381, 0.37938850472370783, -0.010103134585854908, -0.32307965637495123, 0.23695547509317597, -0.04597622105696549, -0.135806884302292, 0.12689344813115894, 0.10220881439745426, 0.12016256316043533, -0.1852327869014213, 0.08141606563973862, -0.02645739420937995, 0.14310426582281555, 0.06369168493741502, -0.03719808790871563, 0.09039385505020618, 0.11003862339615202, 0.17681727160234004, 0.09922189139615512, 0.025732629381430647, -0.09754810255641738, -0.3448738332527379, -0.11069643700029701, -0.12920670785630742, 0.08183659335287909, -0.0896073928718882, -0.16921247001737355, 0.35265728874752916, 0.14189915438570702, 0.15970636500666538, 0.0648260454647243, 0.2417011190535656, 0.20962635487764297, 0.033099153575797874, 0.06960197675507515, 0.210730241156125, 0.1615389468614012, 0.07335226933161418, -0.16383436410299812, -0.0032151318388059734, 0.16194862020978082] |
712.1836 | Percolation in quantum computation and communication | This article is a draft of a book chapter of the book entitled "Quantum
Percolation and Breakdown", to appear 2008.
| quant-ph | this article is a draft of a book chapter of the book entitled quantum percolation and breakdown to appear 2008 | [['this', 'article', 'is', 'a', 'draft', 'of', 'a', 'book', 'chapter', 'of', 'the', 'book', 'entitled', 'quantum', 'percolation', 'and', 'breakdown', 'to', 'appear', '2008']] | [-0.1104535486549139, 0.09221096243709326, -0.11239330862881616, 0.007237588614225387, -0.08966929316520691, -0.06090783742256463, 0.09139395238598809, 0.20753874108195305, -0.19299989021383226, -0.3281841111369431, 0.1377393358387053, -0.27144158706068994, -0.27246203012764453, 0.06451508058235049, -0.2270081433467567, -0.057373859407380226, 0.06749646761454642, -0.00036088069900870324, -0.016151720890775323, -0.37161190919578074, 0.29542418964556416, 0.09875296598183922, 0.2547454537823796, 0.13088223094819113, 0.03942409083974781, -0.003009179118089378, -0.11496077524498105, 0.033419376239180565, -0.263368663424626, 0.15553357084281744, 0.2904034435749054, 0.0602311342023313, 0.3326085200533271, -0.3600886662490666, -0.09326004744507373, -0.008979610353708267, 0.06820169826969505, 0.16268642810173334, 0.08606973651330918, -0.30716198035515846, 0.029821446165442467, -0.24970428850501775, -0.19935643943026662, 0.07671305108815432, 0.05455608954653144, -0.04902343023568392, -0.10660859388299286, 0.07189823668450117, 0.23621684573590757, 0.12450444819405675, 0.10037268344312907, -0.06483632703311741, 0.13926030416041613, 0.08845634371973574, 0.025344404892530294, 0.12868716723751278, 0.11014010175131261, -0.0715929149533622, -0.2495566879399121, 0.4403458066284657, -0.0036832962185144426, 0.006780133442953229, 0.10530285630375147, -0.07404594575054943, -0.24137086402624847, 0.05846574734896422, 0.19541823361068963, 0.018075570277869702, -0.21414926475845278, 0.13249349924444687, -0.00871675293892622, 0.15147739639505745, 0.12919335719197989, -0.03413893776014447, 0.2066235974431038, 0.20401668725535274, 0.0032187923323363067, 0.09336313679814338, 0.002149032801389694, -0.17936919811181723, -0.3782106708735228, -0.2580070142168552, -0.20965701406821607, 0.18524171798489988, 0.12895477258207394, -0.3017139510717243, 0.42639604322612285, 0.1481522399932146, 0.11661335336975753, -0.027732973080128433, 0.1707877155393362, 0.08440261902287602, -0.15072623267769814, 0.03455650710966438, 0.15632384326308965, 0.15410941848531365, 0.23846883550286294, 0.030983157618902624, -0.022522816309356132, 0.14777135755866766] |
712.1837 | Approximated profiles for discrete solitons in DNLS lattices | We study four different approximations for finding the profile of discrete
solitons in the one-dimensional Discrete Nonlinear Schr\"odinger (DNLS)
Equation. Three of them are discrete approximations (namely, a variational
approach, an approximation to homoclinic orbits and a Green-function approach),
and the other one is a quasi-continuum approximation. All the results are
compared with numerical computations.
| nlin.PS | we study four different approximations for finding the profile of discrete solitons in the onedimensional discrete nonlinear schrodinger dnls equation three of them are discrete approximations namely a variational approach an approximation to homoclinic orbits and a greenfunction approach and the other one is a quasicontinuum approximation all the results are compared with numerical computations | [['we', 'study', 'four', 'different', 'approximations', 'for', 'finding', 'the', 'profile', 'of', 'discrete', 'solitons', 'in', 'the', 'onedimensional', 'discrete', 'nonlinear', 'schrodinger', 'dnls', 'equation', 'three', 'of', 'them', 'are', 'discrete', 'approximations', 'namely', 'a', 'variational', 'approach', 'an', 'approximation', 'to', 'homoclinic', 'orbits', 'and', 'a', 'greenfunction', 'approach', 'and', 'the', 'other', 'one', 'is', 'a', 'quasicontinuum', 'approximation', 'all', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'compared', 'with', 'numerical', 'computations']] | [-0.13432003874331713, 0.018487471462999977, -0.13155192624438894, 0.11294225271240893, -0.06560295037078587, -0.16278977689587257, -0.01733501103113998, 0.38331290795044465, -0.2419739394364032, -0.24170361829244277, 0.11009131767575375, -0.3346849338574843, -0.15972166549075734, 0.20433828993700445, 0.05841623885049061, 0.15071080059490422, 0.08314775971865113, -0.011777677122418853, -0.1241975696566938, -0.2067751724950292, 0.2902870862829414, -0.08588330520525977, 0.24050222465937787, -0.014738308532502164, 0.071072902623564, -0.05936336381868883, -0.008414205841042778, -0.021116565404967827, -0.13846375606954098, 0.13984088935804637, 0.2103990745476701, 0.003249875388362191, 0.3418091298419644, -0.425180809436874, -0.2553141865117306, 0.055885719306851656, 0.1494367951527238, 0.19479330661283298, -0.003981373662298376, -0.3090457723391327, 0.05139802228659392, -0.15150921502235262, -0.17915508418597959, -0.12069021675058386, -0.0301246527582407, 0.11433719474060292, -0.25673153967681256, 0.09482789441773837, 0.06842687099494717, 0.009390783360735937, -0.15412253147329796, -0.07233934732662006, -0.006438572012650018, 0.04282051535661925, 0.025173163024407006, -0.041644184854389595, 0.01039120156148618, -0.07030800397253849, -0.13548337091607127, 0.43526856662197544, -0.06743168697099794, -0.2931714924729683, 0.20791952221823687, -0.06497371462597089, -0.130536031790755, 0.1510247094048695, 0.1329770516096191, 0.17904458961195566, -0.14067565815692598, 0.10005183665039526, -0.06732866306027228, 0.0951305918009232, 0.07390630501004952, -0.03581621264192191, 0.08047180707481774, 0.13978473889556797, 0.0880708587017249, 0.0930239457351325, -0.059346291146092967, -0.23299599832601167, -0.30339509885419497, -0.08068684976209294, -0.17283973521341317, -0.010975435477766124, -0.12111341931211593, -0.22245976953682575, 0.43378135629675607, 0.0841893268410455, 0.15117546369067647, 0.08353882707994092, 0.2987053460695527, 0.2279717937281186, -0.05148189285431396, 0.10105028407309544, 0.19955400057475675, 0.18109844640236009, 0.019907025506042623, -0.22249613307331773, -0.08641362929378044, 0.16530505594882097] |
712.1838 | Resonance production in heavy-ion collisions at STAR | Hadronic resonances are sensitive to the properties of a hot and dense medium
created in a heavy ion collisions. During the hadronic phase, after
hadronization of quark and gluons into hadrons, resonances are useful to
determine the lifetime between chemical and thermal freeze-out, under the
assumption that the re-scattering of the decay particles and the probability of
regeneration of resonances from hadrons depends on the system properties and
the resonance lifetime. The system size and energy dependence of resonance
spectra and yields will be shown and discussed in the context of the lifetime
and size of the hadronic phase. Elliptic flow measurement will extend the
sensitivity of resonance yields to the partonic state through additional
information on constituent quark scaling. We also explore a possible new
technique to extract signals from the early, potentially chirally symmetric,
stage through the selection of resonances from jets.
| nucl-ex | hadronic resonances are sensitive to the properties of a hot and dense medium created in a heavy ion collisions during the hadronic phase after hadronization of quark and gluons into hadrons resonances are useful to determine the lifetime between chemical and thermal freezeout under the assumption that the rescattering of the decay particles and the probability of regeneration of resonances from hadrons depends on the system properties and the resonance lifetime the system size and energy dependence of resonance spectra and yields will be shown and discussed in the context of the lifetime and size of the hadronic phase elliptic flow measurement will extend the sensitivity of resonance yields to the partonic state through additional information on constituent quark scaling we also explore a possible new technique to extract signals from the early potentially chirally symmetric stage through the selection of resonances from jets | [['hadronic', 'resonances', 'are', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'a', 'hot', 'and', 'dense', 'medium', 'created', 'in', 'a', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'during', 'the', 'hadronic', 'phase', 'after', 'hadronization', 'of', 'quark', 'and', 'gluons', 'into', 'hadrons', 'resonances', 'are', 'useful', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'lifetime', 'between', 'chemical', 'and', 'thermal', 'freezeout', 'under', 'the', 'assumption', 'that', 'the', 'rescattering', 'of', 'the', 'decay', 'particles', 'and', 'the', 'probability', 'of', 'regeneration', 'of', 'resonances', 'from', 'hadrons', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'system', 'properties', 'and', 'the', 'resonance', 'lifetime', 'the', 'system', 'size', 'and', 'energy', 'dependence', 'of', 'resonance', 'spectra', 'and', 'yields', 'will', 'be', 'shown', 'and', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'lifetime', 'and', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'hadronic', 'phase', 'elliptic', 'flow', 'measurement', 'will', 'extend', 'the', 'sensitivity', 'of', 'resonance', 'yields', 'to', 'the', 'partonic', 'state', 'through', 'additional', 'information', 'on', 'constituent', 'quark', 'scaling', 'we', 'also', 'explore', 'a', 'possible', 'new', 'technique', 'to', 'extract', 'signals', 'from', 'the', 'early', 'potentially', 'chirally', 'symmetric', 'stage', 'through', 'the', 'selection', 'of', 'resonances', 'from', 'jets']] | [-0.06355382746146966, 0.2591915040684398, -0.16911959744821717, 0.07609055099439704, -0.03704510323263498, -0.05166235774716673, 0.03337810603584836, 0.3295954013721914, -0.2245328405406326, -0.2621668606362719, 0.02293922445581605, -0.29806055100764045, 0.015253584667031342, 0.1081178314699274, 0.04827990809119203, 0.07482761348041499, 0.11218917070558139, 0.054456163925351575, -0.03266483908979959, -0.15321603898903252, 0.3440681641287584, 0.06513438921602857, 0.20654041005764157, 0.1721310124764083, 0.04216159970059784, 0.029292804979680415, -0.023900017274879955, -0.05956524609872657, -0.12097222845826157, 0.03445700610872235, 0.1833221504590862, 0.08555220489021546, 0.1269396235522638, -0.4080030979174707, -0.18452399887933602, 0.09719793187428473, 0.17400343841614407, 0.11314729992914686, -0.0619494193282056, -0.29387406103584607, 0.08328260252892505, -0.1549389965465606, -0.13869919124651156, -0.07729508325994378, -0.006139195873402059, 0.005040893661013494, -0.3192117282313929, 0.08966589836260634, 0.015684186854034325, 0.005038390463192223, -0.029162707350527246, -0.1697923457492531, -0.055210490098236024, 0.07843554671368717, 0.07042990373641562, -0.00827124081762223, 0.21646334483456384, -0.1696094943529008, -0.09065534881988747, 0.40125005862986046, -0.055912433336036176, -0.12574345384362257, 0.20171261223731562, -0.1733998970852958, -0.09661798755728847, 0.2045385042955685, 0.25888868589148234, 0.09066159584472189, -0.19191824001771035, 0.024318504428164387, 0.0374836027298847, 0.17687910776185667, 0.06496092854003008, 0.12960319235005752, 0.22857253754045814, 0.19839004896736392, -0.04000046165634154, 0.1431935771552162, -0.10397571908472653, -0.09769462728137215, -0.3242566481749236, -0.1191283760773432, -0.13718507684663767, 0.028561372358429555, -0.07824519628037604, -0.10099633369888276, 0.4458602662586297, 0.1103783947829571, 0.2566950181208085, -0.0632159966270491, 0.3075285194726247, 0.06539365898869517, 0.057797714877071686, 0.07786596232068001, 0.3054682355949707, 0.20532487178893966, 0.1455436822466759, -0.31733959558025365, 0.06018763661591543, 0.03548655113101833] |
712.1839 | Energy of eigen-modes in magnetohydrodynamic flows of ideal fluids | Analytical expression for energy of eigen-modes in magnetohydrodynamic flows
of ideal fluids is obtained. It is shown that the energy of unstable modes is
zero, while the energy of stable oscillatory modes (waves) can assume both
positive and negative values. Negative energy waves always correspond to
non-symmetric eigen-modes -- modes that have a component of wave-vector along
the equilibrium velocity. These results suggest that all non-symmetric
instabilities in ideal MHD systems with flows are associated with coupling of
positive and negative energy waves. As an example the energy of eigen-modes is
calculated for incompressible conducting fluid rotating in axial magnetic
field.
| astro-ph | analytical expression for energy of eigenmodes in magnetohydrodynamic flows of ideal fluids is obtained it is shown that the energy of unstable modes is zero while the energy of stable oscillatory modes waves can assume both positive and negative values negative energy waves always correspond to nonsymmetric eigenmodes modes that have a component of wavevector along the equilibrium velocity these results suggest that all nonsymmetric instabilities in ideal mhd systems with flows are associated with coupling of positive and negative energy waves as an example the energy of eigenmodes is calculated for incompressible conducting fluid rotating in axial magnetic field | [['analytical', 'expression', 'for', 'energy', 'of', 'eigenmodes', 'in', 'magnetohydrodynamic', 'flows', 'of', 'ideal', 'fluids', 'is', 'obtained', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'energy', 'of', 'unstable', 'modes', 'is', 'zero', 'while', 'the', 'energy', 'of', 'stable', 'oscillatory', 'modes', 'waves', 'can', 'assume', 'both', 'positive', 'and', 'negative', 'values', 'negative', 'energy', 'waves', 'always', 'correspond', 'to', 'nonsymmetric', 'eigenmodes', 'modes', 'that', 'have', 'a', 'component', 'of', 'wavevector', 'along', 'the', 'equilibrium', 'velocity', 'these', 'results', 'suggest', 'that', 'all', 'nonsymmetric', 'instabilities', 'in', 'ideal', 'mhd', 'systems', 'with', 'flows', 'are', 'associated', 'with', 'coupling', 'of', 'positive', 'and', 'negative', 'energy', 'waves', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'the', 'energy', 'of', 'eigenmodes', 'is', 'calculated', 'for', 'incompressible', 'conducting', 'fluid', 'rotating', 'in', 'axial', 'magnetic', 'field']] | [-0.24524845527368597, 0.23453604160706162, -0.05170417977496981, 0.04348731666337699, -0.05508355536963791, -0.11985929711256177, -0.0961808854341507, 0.3251063968986273, -0.2301977756014094, -0.22597796296700834, 0.06818436797824688, -0.29190790772438047, -0.09801872123032808, 0.1973671889025718, 0.09529127681627869, 0.049164252708578715, 0.08266012915410101, 0.035136618576943876, 0.0028751071891747414, -0.08260529949329794, 0.355120390728116, 0.08311303748749196, 0.29397627644240854, 0.02562433945480734, 0.07899394467938692, -0.10756013589445501, 0.024498409666121004, 0.08200584556907416, -0.1588353901248047, 0.006776604698970914, 0.28565451432019473, -0.02392607681453228, 0.24317482063968782, -0.45570639096200466, -0.23714076703414322, 0.06451156364288181, 0.18452047806233168, 0.12209276888286695, -0.051854462605260776, -0.18695693725254386, 0.08099649958952795, -0.130336233896669, -0.20035797086078674, -0.10402866585180164, 0.06157629493274726, 0.06344676004664507, -0.31214634190313517, 0.17246395629830658, 0.0926961029972881, 0.04747403947636485, -0.1830685702012852, -0.11864857703913004, -0.14086341684684156, 0.04656500386539847, 0.14206356512382626, -0.022523520353715867, 0.10243599235080182, -0.14289463696070015, -0.08299778642132878, 0.3501194817107171, -0.08783764977008104, -0.2681090543419123, 0.19257055047899485, -0.149649165738374, 0.015686680818907915, 0.21812574304640292, 0.16655581323895605, 0.07629938879981638, -0.03966738896910101, 0.04762071701115929, -0.04680606011999771, 0.11023435158305801, 0.11250096433330327, -0.005451126145198941, 0.28613257220946253, 0.05241895063780248, 0.06006823121802882, 0.11356170519487932, -0.050963462256477216, -0.08742912571469788, -0.2782219992717728, -0.1729006197093986, -0.1829442472581286, 0.05125000173225999, -0.06845418868091656, -0.21986054341396083, 0.391628151498735, 0.08335038319695741, 0.13226053652353584, 0.013773323276545853, 0.30177272990345955, 0.16414118004846387, 0.025694906399585306, 0.17255187392234803, 0.3322619267553091, 0.18933379884809257, 0.1241073561180383, -0.2616400345042348, -0.03365676501765847, 0.023779232976958154] |
712.184 | Geometry of Shimura varieties of Hodge type over finite fields | We present a general and comprehensive overview of recent developments in the
theory of integral models of Shimura varieties of Hodge type. The paper covers
the following topics: construction of integral models, their possible moduli
interpretations, their uniqueness, their smoothness, their properness, and
basic stratifications of their special fibres.
| math.NT math.AC | we present a general and comprehensive overview of recent developments in the theory of integral models of shimura varieties of hodge type the paper covers the following topics construction of integral models their possible moduli interpretations their uniqueness their smoothness their properness and basic stratifications of their special fibres | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'general', 'and', 'comprehensive', 'overview', 'of', 'recent', 'developments', 'in', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'integral', 'models', 'of', 'shimura', 'varieties', 'of', 'hodge', 'type', 'the', 'paper', 'covers', 'the', 'following', 'topics', 'construction', 'of', 'integral', 'models', 'their', 'possible', 'moduli', 'interpretations', 'their', 'uniqueness', 'their', 'smoothness', 'their', 'properness', 'and', 'basic', 'stratifications', 'of', 'their', 'special', 'fibres']] | [-0.17345350698510908, -0.00563601482355473, -0.13973982023949527, 0.11953312911245288, -0.16321355653736663, -0.061474570272756476, 0.02419307288637727, 0.32291995555314484, -0.3169282433025691, -0.23768551043253772, 0.13142347621626924, -0.18558430010737964, -0.18597174944280057, 0.19183805573503582, -0.20950531604110587, 0.0416142645158938, 0.06034255425008584, -0.0073070980000252625, -0.14293609827647594, -0.37856849123324665, 0.4476822242972308, 0.02171186533547482, 0.25303167346104677, 0.07280181490873196, 0.08686162532326214, 0.02566265814215401, -0.14380097483303778, -0.07515566999434817, -0.2302056461078476, 0.27196639615149065, 0.298309844564106, 0.13966838521312694, 0.22055669680085718, -0.47097739828180296, -0.20460963406426624, 0.15894754204366887, 0.04833200967357475, 0.04068230750331446, 0.026091141398159826, -0.23107640262769194, -0.004009760783186981, -0.14435242770277723, -0.22700900198625668, -0.11268843211499709, 0.03344522937372023, 0.14678783389758698, -0.12064278897430215, -0.0009293085705412893, 0.10831424196687889, 0.1738395181731606, -0.13682155172359578, -0.16584836938465963, -0.042168252018033245, 0.058573808340469796, 0.0557935332988712, -0.0387369031181597, 0.07983499268373968, -0.20214225336605188, -0.1315573017512049, 0.3594404032111776, -0.02633830823232325, -0.12407011360082092, 0.18155562090782487, -0.09941337089415411, -0.20455307473561593, 0.08252783485792806, 0.12758712025302255, 0.21276333532771285, -0.049753210051175285, 0.15797295276674309, -0.0794558890772109, -0.01607002173455394, 0.05299956750656877, 0.09491882873912894, 0.20859834872072144, 0.1371813117507465, -0.027407122604853035, 0.07421890159650725, -0.0009594202725862971, -0.08589319094222, -0.4380925762258014, -0.18145946620509731, -0.013566220027147507, 0.10099513570264894, -0.09903267187444131, -0.18346475380263766, 0.4620825689742152, 0.10377438054705153, 0.15273759112104165, 0.11203782488496936, 0.23964368384711596, -0.008062862410989344, -0.01622701996025078, -0.04996864332304317, 0.17333057924287812, 0.2956339114022498, 0.08989602171492819, -0.10260365992708474, -0.022888551729883314, 0.15743383276751455] |
712.1841 | A three stage model for the inner engine of GRBs: Prompt emission and
early afterglow | We describe a model within the ``Quark-nova'' scenario to interpret the
recent observations of early X-ray afterglows of long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB)
with the Swift satellite. This is a three-stage model within the context of a
core-collapse supernova. STAGE 1 is an accreting (proto-) neutron star leading
to a possible delay between the core collapse and the GRB. STAGE 2 is accretion
onto a quark-star, launching an ultrarelativistic jet generating the prompt
GRB. This jet also creates the afterglow as the jet interacts with the
surrounding medium creating an external shock. Slower shells ejected from the
quark star (during accretion), can re-energize the external shock leading to a
flatter segment in the X-ray afterglow. STAGE 3, which occurs only if the
quark-star collapses to form a black-hole, consists of an accreting black-hole.
The jet launched in this accretion process interacts with the preceding quark
star jet, and could generate the flaring activity frequently seen in early
X-ray afterglows. Alternatively, a STAGE 2b can occur in our model if the quark
star does not collapse to a black hole. The quark star in this case can then
spin down due to magnetic braking, and the spin down energy may lead to
flattening in the X-ray afterglow as well. This model seems to account for both
the energies and the timescales of GRBs, in addition to the newly discovered
early X-ray afterglow features.
| astro-ph | we describe a model within the quarknova scenario to interpret the recent observations of early xray afterglows of long gammaray bursts grb with the swift satellite this is a threestage model within the context of a corecollapse supernova stage 1 is an accreting proto neutron star leading to a possible delay between the core collapse and the grb stage 2 is accretion onto a quarkstar launching an ultrarelativistic jet generating the prompt grb this jet also creates the afterglow as the jet interacts with the surrounding medium creating an external shock slower shells ejected from the quark star during accretion can reenergize the external shock leading to a flatter segment in the xray afterglow stage 3 which occurs only if the quarkstar collapses to form a blackhole consists of an accreting blackhole the jet launched in this accretion process interacts with the preceding quark star jet and could generate the flaring activity frequently seen in early xray afterglows alternatively a stage 2b can occur in our model if the quark star does not collapse to a black hole the quark star in this case can then spin down due to magnetic braking and the spin down energy may lead to flattening in the xray afterglow as well this model seems to account for both the energies and the timescales of grbs in addition to the newly discovered early xray afterglow features | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'model', 'within', 'the', 'quarknova', 'scenario', 'to', 'interpret', 'the', 'recent', 'observations', 'of', 'early', 'xray', 'afterglows', 'of', 'long', 'gammaray', 'bursts', 'grb', 'with', 'the', 'swift', 'satellite', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'threestage', 'model', 'within', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'a', 'corecollapse', 'supernova', 'stage', '1', 'is', 'an', 'accreting', 'proto', 'neutron', 'star', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'possible', 'delay', 'between', 'the', 'core', 'collapse', 'and', 'the', 'grb', 'stage', '2', 'is', 'accretion', 'onto', 'a', 'quarkstar', 'launching', 'an', 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712.1842 | A Note on Kasparov Product and Duality | Using Paschke-Higson duality, we can get a natural index pairing $K_{i}(A)
\times K_{i+1}(D_{\Phi}) \to \boldsymbol{Z} \quad (i=0,1) (\mbox{mod}2)$, where
$A$ is a separable $C\sp*$-algebra, and $\Phi$ is a representation of $A$ on a
separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space $H$. It is proved that this is a
special case of the Kasparov Product. As a step, we show a proof of
Bott-periodicity for KK-theory asserting that $\mathbb{C}_1$ and $S$ are
$KK$-equivalent using the odd index pairing.
| math.OA math.KT | using paschkehigson duality we can get a natural index pairing k_ia times k_i1d_phi to boldsymbolz quad i01 mboxmod2 where a is a separable cspalgebra and phi is a representation of a on a separable infinite dimensional hilbert space h it is proved that this is a special case of the kasparov product as a step we show a proof of bottperiodicity for kktheory asserting that mathbbc_1 and s are kkequivalent using the odd index pairing | [['using', 'paschkehigson', 'duality', 'we', 'can', 'get', 'a', 'natural', 'index', 'pairing', 'k_ia', 'times', 'k_i1d_phi', 'to', 'boldsymbolz', 'quad', 'i01', 'mboxmod2', 'where', 'a', 'is', 'a', 'separable', 'cspalgebra', 'and', 'phi', 'is', 'a', 'representation', 'of', 'a', 'on', 'a', 'separable', 'infinite', 'dimensional', 'hilbert', 'space', 'h', 'it', 'is', 'proved', 'that', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'kasparov', 'product', 'as', 'a', 'step', 'we', 'show', 'a', 'proof', 'of', 'bottperiodicity', 'for', 'kktheory', 'asserting', 'that', 'mathbbc_1', 'and', 's', 'are', 'kkequivalent', 'using', 'the', 'odd', 'index', 'pairing']] | [-0.1655699545648736, 0.14006511885410464, -0.14038920133787824, 0.08163517918011409, -0.07527982639673521, -0.16090227098820706, -0.008290390733262184, 0.36525308650354266, -0.28349463589174645, -0.14672425111204807, 0.10643430273573269, -0.25100402005712014, -0.14002203949215547, 0.19593607158806753, -0.09588285560496676, -0.042998150922358036, 0.06409731191176345, 0.1112367360209915, -0.09633924282142814, -0.23528061437250022, 0.35662307058998816, -0.06080012739649121, 0.19138080768392118, 0.05876588592515655, 0.11779756628921334, 0.03478134888171835, 0.04389139603246266, 0.019763306512507205, -0.11659282396820499, 0.11340286305935031, 0.28372928255539337, 0.08000368386520151, 0.26746675309161067, -0.3053487829968963, -0.17305889037195069, 0.18169727829665366, 0.1022985149683221, 0.01895920961150821, -0.016043814707508073, -0.2721133616943122, 0.10056430625427566, -0.23067393607761658, -0.09445850359616985, -0.08609120749776632, 0.1047842626420545, -0.05314383982405276, -0.37321382043489687, 0.004201069575878726, 0.1209910058705005, 0.053510667939840904, -0.03146644018206771, -0.07992926588885381, -0.04845055512769122, 0.03198887879343729, -0.023349361546652417, 0.10674018353800958, 0.032536473453149826, -0.039985274028342094, -0.09104369450885226, 0.37106036835573086, -0.06086767214255302, -0.22273712750839095, 0.12829248813754865, -0.10764760621101924, -0.15037552801839693, 0.03703286270053506, 0.052915452100651364, 0.15367251285679742, -0.004797995916869439, 0.23429108578810126, -0.1777788529723463, 0.16959983299315814, 0.09387760090602326, -0.0031248810897830507, 0.06985970347804922, 0.12271869098636466, 0.124294959068541, 0.16408818745723283, -0.0059369503369581115, -0.01637808915594934, -0.36052588402280505, -0.25324909386395567, -0.19552410149973043, 0.1611033022423393, -0.07813864772521209, -0.14973850127860483, 0.3512014412898308, -0.01155432927320567, 0.20013817294146602, 0.06894237213623776, 0.22660275665521754, 0.13650238159617645, 0.03830433223711353, 0.0673430912060545, 0.10083348120392209, 0.18196436849383402, 0.0053261717466611255, -0.1309456695395876, -0.02069417097028607, 0.18849262679126902] |
712.1843 | Betti Numbers of Graded Modules and Cohomology of Vector Bundles | Mats Boij and Jonas Soederberg (math.AC/0611081) have conjectured that the
Betti table of a Cohen-Macaulay module over a polynomial ring can be decomposed
in a certain way as a positive linear combination of Betti tables of modules
with pure resolutions. We prove, over any field, a strengthened form of their
conjecture. Applications include a proof of the Multiplicity Conjecture of
Huneke and Srinivasan and a proof of the convexity of a fan naturally
associated to the Young lattice.
We also characterize the rational cone of all cohomology tables of vector
bundles on projective spaces in terms of the cohomology tables of
"supernatural" bundles. This characterization is dual, in a certain sense, to
our characterization of Betti tables.
| math.AC math.AG | mats boij and jonas soederberg mathac0611081 have conjectured that the betti table of a cohenmacaulay module over a polynomial ring can be decomposed in a certain way as a positive linear combination of betti tables of modules with pure resolutions we prove over any field a strengthened form of their conjecture applications include a proof of the multiplicity conjecture of huneke and srinivasan and a proof of the convexity of a fan naturally associated to the young lattice we also characterize the rational cone of all cohomology tables of vector bundles on projective spaces in terms of the cohomology tables of supernatural bundles this characterization is dual in a certain sense to our characterization of betti tables | [['mats', 'boij', 'and', 'jonas', 'soederberg', 'mathac0611081', 'have', 'conjectured', 'that', 'the', 'betti', 'table', 'of', 'a', 'cohenmacaulay', 'module', 'over', 'a', 'polynomial', 'ring', 'can', 'be', 'decomposed', 'in', 'a', 'certain', 'way', 'as', 'a', 'positive', 'linear', 'combination', 'of', 'betti', 'tables', 'of', 'modules', 'with', 'pure', 'resolutions', 'we', 'prove', 'over', 'any', 'field', 'a', 'strengthened', 'form', 'of', 'their', 'conjecture', 'applications', 'include', 'a', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'multiplicity', 'conjecture', 'of', 'huneke', 'and', 'srinivasan', 'and', 'a', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'convexity', 'of', 'a', 'fan', 'naturally', 'associated', 'to', 'the', 'young', 'lattice', 'we', 'also', 'characterize', 'the', 'rational', 'cone', 'of', 'all', 'cohomology', 'tables', 'of', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'projective', 'spaces', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'cohomology', 'tables', 'of', 'supernatural', 'bundles', 'this', 'characterization', 'is', 'dual', 'in', 'a', 'certain', 'sense', 'to', 'our', 'characterization', 'of', 'betti', 'tables']] | [-0.19940691354289733, 0.05035885976040331, -0.10625235780101755, 0.06347607558026262, -0.07762743847282684, -0.11115329908207058, 0.012972519522451835, 0.3005270686749693, -0.325106951440482, -0.222177474403187, 0.13145196742438914, -0.1932622145254003, -0.15059071264189222, 0.20984702143494202, -0.15662412297628495, -0.017174388168622618, 0.08123966101557016, 0.0607870832166594, -0.08119426907202149, -0.3436374409691147, 0.38086870134524675, -0.0002866462627223328, 0.19554369805137747, 0.09589200845879058, 0.12964756113234097, 0.02162862228958503, -0.04280766190799034, 0.025624680867337664, -0.1621331116653417, 0.18456452369649448, 0.3047719437426523, 0.11524750294123332, 0.18336883312010246, -0.35918887723237275, -0.10194789749043791, 0.191663569657375, 0.11098218299853413, 0.019411527073901633, 6.233858774699594e-05, -0.22576047744116057, 0.14164507518643918, -0.20340740375382746, -0.16752440618432085, -0.1042182487719085, 0.03663752635880171, 0.0763312763352271, -0.23603012936756662, -0.03391382221522255, 0.1290863820311168, 0.15391391480288408, -0.07951469627492454, -0.10194538879896635, -0.07858789328931143, 0.030712165298831202, -0.052048100152498354, 0.0019450477273810817, 0.06863206931106422, -0.13031716963235776, -0.1951011472594236, 0.355976370041785, -0.045041729785178015, -0.19148487094789743, 0.09233531558319279, -0.1613220538377114, -0.14263500654462563, 0.1383446493793441, 0.08711345874420974, 0.17044277740237507, 0.025593515526017418, 0.13859974466031416, -0.19600601301569007, 0.06985769642557463, 0.15175448650413234, 0.015199881298062594, 0.17950037753249964, 0.06216851372433745, 0.07162693696648247, 0.1434520630398765, 0.011404752578971016, -0.03588790607628534, -0.3525838270459486, -0.2891720999275213, -0.15855063253547996, 0.13614840717257365, -0.11308216618983905, -0.2093833087619556, 0.4247846264290907, 0.04043766328174135, 0.22463827891194302, 0.13359363428924395, 0.22164006221358684, 0.013020456351501786, 0.07153463011364573, 0.033945228693925814, 0.11981798383690741, 0.25908334209867145, 0.032389561882566496, -0.07719781255835424, 0.043771283259696286, 0.19674309690523406] |
712.1844 | Fractional Optimal Control in the Sense of Caputo and the Fractional
Noether's Theorem | The study of fractional variational problems with derivatives in the sense of
Caputo is a recent subject, the main results being Agrawal's necessary
optimality conditions of Euler-Lagrange and respective transversality
conditions. Using Agrawal's Euler-Lagrange equation and the Lagrange multiplier
technique, we obtain here a Noether-like theorem for fractional optimal control
problems in the sense of Caputo.
| math.OC math-ph math.MP | the study of fractional variational problems with derivatives in the sense of caputo is a recent subject the main results being agrawals necessary optimality conditions of eulerlagrange and respective transversality conditions using agrawals eulerlagrange equation and the lagrange multiplier technique we obtain here a noetherlike theorem for fractional optimal control problems in the sense of caputo | [['the', 'study', 'of', 'fractional', 'variational', 'problems', 'with', 'derivatives', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'of', 'caputo', 'is', 'a', 'recent', 'subject', 'the', 'main', 'results', 'being', 'agrawals', 'necessary', 'optimality', 'conditions', 'of', 'eulerlagrange', 'and', 'respective', 'transversality', 'conditions', 'using', 'agrawals', 'eulerlagrange', 'equation', 'and', 'the', 'lagrange', 'multiplier', 'technique', 'we', 'obtain', 'here', 'a', 'noetherlike', 'theorem', 'for', 'fractional', 'optimal', 'control', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'of', 'caputo']] | [-0.13805146255929554, -0.02122433960071898, -0.09263306615009372, 0.0886905374042856, -0.12756989825616724, -0.11923931761910873, -0.0036123875304058728, 0.28120003174990416, -0.310240759181657, -0.28196136886253953, 0.1885740198901788, -0.1801981265806327, -0.15839600047495747, 0.18566444082950642, -0.17548263361926988, 0.16823806809926672, 0.05670972328100886, -0.007666605919309534, -0.12500829502407992, -0.2518189857780401, 0.34749847114185933, -0.053923758603299836, 0.18709325686463021, 0.048289572287883074, 0.1905044052151165, -0.05769559836647074, 0.003552135819128515, -0.034371920952772986, -0.23349896010976018, 0.09400216751133225, 0.24114490188575083, 0.027296505868434906, 0.3859869455253439, -0.43166497156822253, -0.1627410068509302, 0.06924616266873532, 0.0480198052911354, 0.017138678148122772, -0.003267512041410165, -0.34196064065742704, 0.08580813709912556, -0.0609682128831212, -0.19398358959837683, -0.0821521158296881, -0.013920459114680333, 0.11345436589077249, -0.3483357083917196, 0.15519602776372007, 0.081944481386537, 0.025962770567275584, -0.20106176470705708, -0.12203423010318407, -0.004255231871086705, 0.017013027553080713, 0.033703784071674035, -0.03371198791761084, 0.05464445793768391, -0.1014464655807907, -0.15722847890823946, 0.35524964169599116, -0.03636733510731054, -0.3081722520291805, 0.1093742058146745, -0.08254055354544627, -0.1669274542613753, 0.07411569375212171, 0.0716408557491377, 0.22659125781085873, -0.2156502633754696, 0.14233049991266203, -0.024151065220524157, 0.07723570114519264, 0.12673207781543688, 0.06511563824356667, 0.024167097206892713, 0.09689335989034069, 0.23272693195446795, 0.13584621596965007, 0.0155744688069847, -0.16995615738310985, -0.4032927823386022, -0.21915962708382203, -0.15505079078554576, 0.023671153766502227, -0.09365569599685841, -0.14442087370636209, 0.3248531561652531, 0.16292008000891656, 0.03975228087178299, 0.09280589848224606, 0.23166465001746214, 0.24688565337731103, -0.03641118167433888, 0.029308027679300203, 0.19484901624465628, 0.2749851144451116, 0.18012620405560092, -0.21575830063167295, 0.022220209292884516, 0.22154702878158009] |
712.1845 | Automated identification of neurons and their locations | Individual locations of many neuronal cell bodies (>10^4) are needed to
enable statistically significant measurements of spatial organization within
the brain such as nearest-neighbor and microcolumnarity measurements. In this
paper, we introduce an Automated Neuron Recognition Algorithm (ANRA) which
obtains the (x,y) location of individual neurons within digitized images of
Nissl-stained, 30 micron thick, frozen sections of the cerebral cortex of the
Rhesus monkey. Identification of neurons within such Nissl-stained sections is
inherently difficult due to the variability in neuron staining, the overlap of
neurons, the presence of partial or damaged neurons at tissue surfaces, and the
presence of non-neuron objects, such as glial cells, blood vessels, and random
artifacts. To overcome these challenges and identify neurons, ANRA applies a
combination of image segmentation and machine learning. The steps involve
active contour segmentation to find outlines of potential neuron cell bodies
followed by artificial neural network training using the segmentation
properties (size, optical density, gyration, etc.) to distinguish between
neuron and non-neuron segmentations. ANRA positively identifies 86[5]% neurons
with 15[8]% error (mean[st.dev.]) on a wide range of Nissl-stained images,
whereas semi-automatic methods obtain 80[7]%/17[12]%. A further advantage of
ANRA is that it affords an unlimited increase in speed from semi-automatic
methods, and is computationally efficient, with the ability to recognize ~100
neurons per minute using a standard personal computer. ANRA is amenable to
analysis of huge photo-montages of Nissl-stained tissue, thereby opening the
door to fast, efficient and quantitative analysis of vast stores of archival
material that exist in laboratories and research collections around the world.
| physics.bio-ph q-bio.NC | individual locations of many neuronal cell bodies 104 are needed to enable statistically significant measurements of spatial organization within the brain such as nearestneighbor and microcolumnarity measurements in this paper we introduce an automated neuron recognition algorithm anra which obtains the xy location of individual neurons within digitized images of nisslstained 30 micron thick frozen sections of the cerebral cortex of the rhesus monkey identification of neurons within such nisslstained sections is inherently difficult due to the variability in neuron staining the overlap of neurons the presence of partial or damaged neurons at tissue surfaces and the presence of nonneuron objects such as glial cells blood vessels and random artifacts to overcome these challenges and identify neurons anra applies a combination of image segmentation and machine learning the steps involve active contour segmentation to find outlines of potential neuron cell bodies followed by artificial neural network training using the segmentation properties size optical density gyration etc to distinguish between neuron and nonneuron segmentations anra positively identifies 865 neurons with 158 error meanstdev on a wide range of nisslstained images whereas semiautomatic methods obtain 8071712 a further advantage of anra is that it affords an unlimited increase in speed from semiautomatic methods and is computationally efficient with the ability to recognize 100 neurons per minute using a standard personal computer anra is amenable to analysis of huge photomontages of nisslstained tissue thereby opening the door to fast efficient and quantitative analysis of vast stores of archival material that exist in laboratories and research collections around the world | [['individual', 'locations', 'of', 'many', 'neuronal', 'cell', 'bodies', '104', 'are', 'needed', 'to', 'enable', 'statistically', 'significant', 'measurements', 'of', 'spatial', 'organization', 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712.1846 | Lattice instabilities in cubic pyrochlore Bi$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ | The oxide pyrochlore Bi$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ is in some ways analogous to
perovskite PbTiO$_3$, in that Bi$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ has two cations, Bi$^{3+}$ and
Ti$^{4+}$ in oxidation states that are normally associated with a propensity to
off-center. However, unlike PbTiO$_3$, Bi$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ is experimentally
observed to remain cubic down to 2 K, while the only observed ionic
displacements are local and incoherent. Here we report first-principles
calculations of the zone-center phonons of the ordered cubic pyrochlore which
reveal several lattice instabilities. An analysis of the structural energetics
suggest that the ordered cubic pyrochlore is unstable with respect to
distortion towards a ferroelectric ground state with a large polarization. Our
results suggest a key role of a frustrated soft polar mode in the dielectric
properties of bismuth pyrochlores.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the oxide pyrochlore bi_2ti_2o_7 is in some ways analogous to perovskite pbtio_3 in that bi_2ti_2o_7 has two cations bi3 and ti4 in oxidation states that are normally associated with a propensity to offcenter however unlike pbtio_3 bi_2ti_2o_7 is experimentally observed to remain cubic down to 2 k while the only observed ionic displacements are local and incoherent here we report firstprinciples calculations of the zonecenter phonons of the ordered cubic pyrochlore which reveal several lattice instabilities an analysis of the structural energetics suggest that the ordered cubic pyrochlore is unstable with respect to distortion towards a ferroelectric ground state with a large polarization our results suggest a key role of a frustrated soft polar mode in the dielectric properties of bismuth pyrochlores | [['the', 'oxide', 'pyrochlore', 'bi_2ti_2o_7', 'is', 'in', 'some', 'ways', 'analogous', 'to', 'perovskite', 'pbtio_3', 'in', 'that', 'bi_2ti_2o_7', 'has', 'two', 'cations', 'bi3', 'and', 'ti4', 'in', 'oxidation', 'states', 'that', 'are', 'normally', 'associated', 'with', 'a', 'propensity', 'to', 'offcenter', 'however', 'unlike', 'pbtio_3', 'bi_2ti_2o_7', 'is', 'experimentally', 'observed', 'to', 'remain', 'cubic', 'down', 'to', '2', 'k', 'while', 'the', 'only', 'observed', 'ionic', 'displacements', 'are', 'local', 'and', 'incoherent', 'here', 'we', 'report', 'firstprinciples', 'calculations', 'of', 'the', 'zonecenter', 'phonons', 'of', 'the', 'ordered', 'cubic', 'pyrochlore', 'which', 'reveal', 'several', 'lattice', 'instabilities', 'an', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'structural', 'energetics', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'ordered', 'cubic', 'pyrochlore', 'is', 'unstable', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'distortion', 'towards', 'a', 'ferroelectric', 'ground', 'state', 'with', 'a', 'large', 'polarization', 'our', 'results', 'suggest', 'a', 'key', 'role', 'of', 'a', 'frustrated', 'soft', 'polar', 'mode', 'in', 'the', 'dielectric', 'properties', 'of', 'bismuth', 'pyrochlores']] | [-0.1453457748074634, 0.23925548647714065, -0.011788208678853317, -0.007597729740244505, -0.060399769438949764, -0.11772896985706614, 0.07903137291231971, 0.46348787615167314, -0.2577916491675557, -0.20808459928146655, 0.039961495322221124, -0.36100291329451273, -0.15986195238513232, 0.13330472964358317, 0.062100281767672016, -0.019689517496459065, -0.0394431085127299, -0.03711594551320753, -0.10354461433312505, -0.21080496315346967, 0.21054749295390288, 0.022036921116926008, 0.2915716311840921, 0.05228993458459612, 0.017648822574525096, -0.06431658785087896, 0.17038770541014364, 0.024497595806529777, -0.15966439953155684, 0.11458440155285167, 0.2709678288503382, -0.12332785747884238, 0.18632468113773043, -0.4552987029043133, -0.2156253907463101, 0.0033285720693710884, 0.09568431157405015, 0.17470676482552053, -0.10054106756087705, -0.22513957843795174, 0.05737994574955054, -0.09130222227454918, -0.12611378388685465, -0.1402083638231041, -0.03330184182736137, 0.02295393328283547, -0.23862989936940004, 0.11228384447787873, 0.09850534663314274, 0.11293120968643887, -0.15791585538765324, -0.1830271664342736, -0.1362370505612191, 0.0022216734064162756, 0.07653779185522104, 0.0824618338851533, 0.13169612818718202, -0.052171389715455964, -0.14102577569905944, 0.42309477781785315, -0.0021004289814240498, -0.06858618347714732, 0.17217629012598304, -0.20520051835165892, -0.15678392508693162, 0.20325747139553432, 0.10498168088875512, 0.11204066230976557, -0.11885373529092577, 0.05460983655533799, -0.04815754992815811, 0.21861273569024367, 0.025691505345958668, 0.09724380927481001, 0.21749788334547374, 0.17798766642656239, 0.010478099006548768, 0.18644866500179605, -0.09696380838753701, -0.07418827302028715, -0.19634130149774376, -0.17967085633045216, -0.19786726738699353, 0.057117488846892765, -0.08449579883709389, -0.231612734916452, 0.34221447487438067, 0.09185849413701302, 0.14815187622930426, -0.09835037300038747, 0.18537717455612557, -0.024794979916969467, 0.06899608979306993, 0.004028242402977203, 0.2827063033819584, 0.16502972167809724, 0.05473686819781595, -0.31129694922796647, 0.14303246166434933, 0.014066061520277232] |
712.1847 | Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4-Sr3Ru2O7 eutectic crystals | Superconducting behavior has been observed in the Sr2RuO4-Sr3Ru2O7 eutectic
system as grown by the flux-feeding floating zone technique. A supercurrent
flows across a single interface between Sr2RuO4 and Sr3Ru2O7 areas at distances
that are far beyond those expected in a conventional proximity scenario. The
current-voltage characteristics within the Sr3Ru2O7 macrodomain, as extracted
from the eutectic, exhibit signatures of superconductivity in the bilayered
ruthenate. Detailed microstructural, morphological and compositional analyses
address issues on the concentration and the size of Sr2RuO4 inclusions within
the Sr3Ru2O7 matrix. We speculate on the possibility of inhomogeneous
superconductivity in the eutectic Sr3Ru2O7 and exotic pairing induced by the
Sr2RuO4 inclusions.
| cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el | superconducting behavior has been observed in the sr2ruo4sr3ru2o7 eutectic system as grown by the fluxfeeding floating zone technique a supercurrent flows across a single interface between sr2ruo4 and sr3ru2o7 areas at distances that are far beyond those expected in a conventional proximity scenario the currentvoltage characteristics within the sr3ru2o7 macrodomain as extracted from the eutectic exhibit signatures of superconductivity in the bilayered ruthenate detailed microstructural morphological and compositional analyses address issues on the concentration and the size of sr2ruo4 inclusions within the sr3ru2o7 matrix we speculate on the possibility of inhomogeneous superconductivity in the eutectic sr3ru2o7 and exotic pairing induced by the sr2ruo4 inclusions | [['superconducting', 'behavior', 'has', 'been', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'sr2ruo4sr3ru2o7', 'eutectic', 'system', 'as', 'grown', 'by', 'the', 'fluxfeeding', 'floating', 'zone', 'technique', 'a', 'supercurrent', 'flows', 'across', 'a', 'single', 'interface', 'between', 'sr2ruo4', 'and', 'sr3ru2o7', 'areas', 'at', 'distances', 'that', 'are', 'far', 'beyond', 'those', 'expected', 'in', 'a', 'conventional', 'proximity', 'scenario', 'the', 'currentvoltage', 'characteristics', 'within', 'the', 'sr3ru2o7', 'macrodomain', 'as', 'extracted', 'from', 'the', 'eutectic', 'exhibit', 'signatures', 'of', 'superconductivity', 'in', 'the', 'bilayered', 'ruthenate', 'detailed', 'microstructural', 'morphological', 'and', 'compositional', 'analyses', 'address', 'issues', 'on', 'the', 'concentration', 'and', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'sr2ruo4', 'inclusions', 'within', 'the', 'sr3ru2o7', 'matrix', 'we', 'speculate', 'on', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'inhomogeneous', 'superconductivity', 'in', 'the', 'eutectic', 'sr3ru2o7', 'and', 'exotic', 'pairing', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'sr2ruo4', 'inclusions']] | [-0.15265694055614956, 0.17554404621249906, -0.07078707567416131, 0.033126488432411436, -0.02650571765158983, -0.12121418231239944, 0.11312254752014198, 0.3572251833975315, -0.2593986763363229, -0.27945386074191214, 0.013879718377674911, -0.355140956045658, -0.1597792906869276, 0.1588756160459061, 0.013012590694843847, 0.051052285487279664, -0.09829284603177917, -0.051712111773097195, -0.1559348910768498, -0.1795253056996301, 0.313549765045572, -0.025951346674678372, 0.3595991144633017, 0.05625499589551313, -0.018449740993388582, -0.05977996159116646, 0.12586244054631712, 0.07777014986484074, -0.1785682401025363, 0.022348830793692053, 0.2990873371725719, -0.07976647318276923, 0.15970088834600413, -0.4643897625307242, -0.2926057383564173, -0.01577338208809641, 0.13251653217765338, 0.10488931175923961, -0.08644783030967136, -0.31608927841800466, 0.09333866417371467, -0.10732968867865994, -0.11746411565371662, -0.02044159933860761, -0.030847345040563273, -0.01839541028682873, -0.162951243413594, 0.08905834726551, 0.06192203138740368, 0.15913653593994312, -0.0824623937745962, -0.13120398511904674, -0.06681136013118222, 0.02861564483621395, 0.039273281514932236, -0.01813416816659418, 0.1991049969870159, -0.12300014865182925, -0.08136442531922869, 0.31890011931239975, -0.0018265486544217257, -0.04270249736659667, 0.17415916930208458, -0.16502626301428558, -0.08489737959861682, 0.16138157697723193, 0.1248222954078194, 0.06560371736265427, -0.1717056127986414, 0.058272844359653034, -0.05706773303887423, 0.18835356511066065, 0.06996205681478422, 0.06680300312262832, 0.29765135190431397, 0.2744481472456006, -0.024006945190622526, 0.15418950231818884, -0.14306383645025028, -0.05271369870752096, -0.22574753414693416, -0.1629016361833897, -0.14891184703903457, 0.007703926777193213, -0.06498880252497745, -0.2318633520500917, 0.3561911578198858, 0.12844879401153794, 0.22957949049362236, -0.11644664275324128, 0.21715240675656983, -0.011407687353865043, 0.14026286274048627, 0.00046641707383826667, 0.2519899362004271, 0.17247513061224976, 0.16385555080156408, -0.2983794366169319, 0.1924934209662252, 0.023094382347064277] |
712.1848 | Asymptotics of Plancherel measures for the infinite-dimensional unitary
group | We study a two-dimensional family of probability measures on infinite
Gelfand-Tsetlin schemes induced by a distinguished family of extreme characters
of the infinite-dimensional unitary group. These measures are unitary group
analogs of the well-known Plancherel measures for symmetric groups. We show
that any measure from our family defines a determinantal point process, and we
prove that in appropriate scaling limits, such processes converge to two
different extensions of the discrete sine process as well as to the extended
Airy and Pearcey processes.
| math.RT math-ph math.CO math.MP | we study a twodimensional family of probability measures on infinite gelfandtsetlin schemes induced by a distinguished family of extreme characters of the infinitedimensional unitary group these measures are unitary group analogs of the wellknown plancherel measures for symmetric groups we show that any measure from our family defines a determinantal point process and we prove that in appropriate scaling limits such processes converge to two different extensions of the discrete sine process as well as to the extended airy and pearcey processes | [['we', 'study', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'family', 'of', 'probability', 'measures', 'on', 'infinite', 'gelfandtsetlin', 'schemes', 'induced', 'by', 'a', 'distinguished', 'family', 'of', 'extreme', 'characters', 'of', 'the', 'infinitedimensional', 'unitary', 'group', 'these', 'measures', 'are', 'unitary', 'group', 'analogs', 'of', 'the', 'wellknown', 'plancherel', 'measures', 'for', 'symmetric', 'groups', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'any', 'measure', 'from', 'our', 'family', 'defines', 'a', 'determinantal', 'point', 'process', 'and', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'in', 'appropriate', 'scaling', 'limits', 'such', 'processes', 'converge', 'to', 'two', 'different', 'extensions', 'of', 'the', 'discrete', 'sine', 'process', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'to', 'the', 'extended', 'airy', 'and', 'pearcey', 'processes']] | [-0.10235751465689845, 0.1215811408408449, -0.12752612209140618, 0.11776411502286487, -0.04029663095659599, -0.0978761573333475, 0.04957617660302941, 0.3964513414425821, -0.3144333927733142, -0.1583494509388579, 0.11416377530223122, -0.2708739480230866, -0.19991317742629114, 0.22008627950690868, -0.06717195778108406, 0.09219868536811412, 0.015596287041084796, 0.050370399067859825, -0.12503051885017535, -0.1795213336988193, 0.4034560075393174, -0.01846004327441134, 0.2859431292134814, -0.03568131267661002, 0.13728660715335025, 0.0221716278039555, -0.050769564122097884, -0.047229638252202874, -0.12116897753074271, 0.08545671586833167, 0.25720566967019537, 0.0757604044458897, 0.21053547695528987, -0.33296382097845395, -0.20505504474816164, 0.21255566504579493, 0.12316927039518771, 0.03116893513332598, -0.030236554671385574, -0.33933019456340047, 0.03745176023576499, -0.19194817227004776, -0.2067078946828388, -0.07760982492529764, 0.01783417532271592, 0.09204603320203449, -0.2872304566340839, 0.03474447750145706, 0.146878495779763, 0.04767667192102569, -0.011271203533042132, -0.11014126790914594, -0.01217099770381138, 0.10596278875998062, 0.008622249581981677, -0.049325675547418256, 0.13398887741197718, -0.05222846764117116, -0.19380504792419875, 0.36024541172224506, -0.09071627451197767, -0.23503918039453467, 0.21085598109653447, -0.19684856224282668, -0.19272121329360256, 0.0959843246652404, 0.17102328398358646, 0.11847763181459613, -0.11586384294042079, 0.12110408069423922, -0.10852841984071745, 0.014976434938101349, 0.09661138419448058, 0.05549818311431786, 0.14762472289205505, 0.060215761975907695, 0.08700431247309941, 0.1642907271729555, 0.007672625998455304, -0.1427585740414698, -0.34060784827253393, -0.20500661349690677, -0.17632041864165263, 0.11279746250067724, -0.12314560308324161, -0.20985998512279788, 0.381641987745264, 0.09841825746045244, 0.20015640854381206, 0.11478703231664329, 0.14509385062534952, 0.160459889659783, 0.045824449198468155, 0.042322218077393566, 0.0735441536171271, 0.15095647407423068, -0.08565607791902816, -0.14994851757613262, 0.007761099790336519, 0.1651459388298596] |
712.1849 | Weak nuclear forces cause the strong nuclear force | We determine the strength of the weak nuclear force which holds the lattices
of the elementary particles together. We also determine the strength of the
strong nuclear force which emanates from the sides of the nuclear lattices. The
strong force is the sum of the unsaturated weak forces at the surface of the
nuclear lattices. The strong force is then about ten to the power of 6 times
stronger than the weak force between two lattice points.
| physics.gen-ph | we determine the strength of the weak nuclear force which holds the lattices of the elementary particles together we also determine the strength of the strong nuclear force which emanates from the sides of the nuclear lattices the strong force is the sum of the unsaturated weak forces at the surface of the nuclear lattices the strong force is then about ten to the power of 6 times stronger than the weak force between two lattice points | [['we', 'determine', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'weak', 'nuclear', 'force', 'which', 'holds', 'the', 'lattices', 'of', 'the', 'elementary', 'particles', 'together', 'we', 'also', 'determine', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'strong', 'nuclear', 'force', 'which', 'emanates', 'from', 'the', 'sides', 'of', 'the', 'nuclear', 'lattices', 'the', 'strong', 'force', 'is', 'the', 'sum', 'of', 'the', 'unsaturated', 'weak', 'forces', 'at', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'nuclear', 'lattices', 'the', 'strong', 'force', 'is', 'then', 'about', 'ten', 'to', 'the', 'power', 'of', '6', 'times', 'stronger', 'than', 'the', 'weak', 'force', 'between', 'two', 'lattice', 'points']] | [-0.16009182227751265, 0.17505910583808051, -0.0705320084068392, 0.07182560883184241, -0.035128011815733724, -0.08442148312248966, 0.040132468699344566, 0.3321136462127233, -0.29948089909195513, -0.24264259017133094, 0.0411882789128206, -0.2817678401403903, -0.05186826798705046, 0.1826100441832821, 0.087240751264254, -0.038719454356892544, -0.02596515996454211, 0.09709038135486764, -0.06548104585184679, -0.2234831315604365, 0.34627662045736013, 0.044126709917100604, 0.2625107113090525, 0.1565156966907444, 0.09146601138273616, 0.0447413038897824, 0.027091714529344786, 0.05061383172869682, -0.14448516131318234, 0.1453067887938799, 0.08881308515737583, -0.03411441726924537, 0.23727068219140365, -0.48119152486082406, -0.1492195897191376, 0.13159689070148903, 0.01784505597739057, 0.14856643057065447, 0.00899844672591365, -0.25801299207589845, 0.05896698988901524, -0.10983539043695896, -0.164820408581623, -0.030774779400074635, 0.050774036622424794, 0.12890046491444884, -0.2748555650499153, 0.09258053121240144, 0.10961275833187165, 0.09254351971888697, -0.07918830461159058, -0.11557632883067255, 0.0007908717523534577, 0.1661388763867609, 0.08244623549814735, 0.059629367023416154, 0.18435789918067394, -0.1873555971224877, -0.03077851871463966, 0.4212732877001747, -0.05407379102963476, -0.07679426970032903, 0.24021485397084194, -0.19442769316593547, -0.07795302731335743, 0.16268496644114713, 0.13138982605237465, 0.07539191491321309, -0.1281869430125195, 0.053730575113811276, -0.07788426542727205, 0.1974382499208698, 0.06495139545869905, 0.023788461002049507, 0.1892634957133756, 0.07908923468588815, 0.12510151384616053, 0.14162964785060325, -0.13014579124676137, -0.07737319350436137, -0.30917060061950574, -0.09457295262194299, -0.17031525316128096, 0.05806522544279888, -0.12307236084787103, -0.11364226222231791, 0.35220591985777794, 0.0762848400317326, 0.1736717177581423, -0.01667323947714811, 0.2891260711597158, 0.11077981230548838, 0.1100657017804779, 0.022378291931704847, 0.3759187717782938, 0.2114993477143444, 0.02950823994643696, -0.2993007458885527, -0.019884073520200204, 0.09930394539101557] |
712.185 | Holographic Calculation of Boundary Entropy | We use the holographic proposal for calculating entanglement entropies to
determine the boundary entropy of defects in strongly coupled two-dimensional
conformal field theories. We study several examples including the Janus
solution and show that the boundary entropy extracted from the entanglement
entropy as well as its more conventional definition via the free energy agree
with each other. Maybe somewhat surprisingly we find that, unlike in the case
of a conformal field theory with boundary, the entanglement entropy for a
generic region in a theory with defect carries detailed information about the
microscopic details of the theory. We also argue that the g-theorem for the
boundary entropy is closely related to the strong subadditivity of the
entanglement entropy.
| hep-th cond-mat.stat-mech | we use the holographic proposal for calculating entanglement entropies to determine the boundary entropy of defects in strongly coupled twodimensional conformal field theories we study several examples including the janus solution and show that the boundary entropy extracted from the entanglement entropy as well as its more conventional definition via the free energy agree with each other maybe somewhat surprisingly we find that unlike in the case of a conformal field theory with boundary the entanglement entropy for a generic region in a theory with defect carries detailed information about the microscopic details of the theory we also argue that the gtheorem for the boundary entropy is closely related to the strong subadditivity of the entanglement entropy | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'holographic', 'proposal', 'for', 'calculating', 'entanglement', 'entropies', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'boundary', 'entropy', 'of', 'defects', 'in', 'strongly', 'coupled', 'twodimensional', 'conformal', 'field', 'theories', 'we', 'study', 'several', 'examples', 'including', 'the', 'janus', 'solution', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'boundary', 'entropy', 'extracted', 'from', 'the', 'entanglement', 'entropy', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'its', 'more', 'conventional', 'definition', 'via', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'agree', 'with', 'each', 'other', 'maybe', 'somewhat', 'surprisingly', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'unlike', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'conformal', 'field', 'theory', 'with', 'boundary', 'the', 'entanglement', 'entropy', 'for', 'a', 'generic', 'region', 'in', 'a', 'theory', 'with', 'defect', 'carries', 'detailed', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'microscopic', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'theory', 'we', 'also', 'argue', 'that', 'the', 'gtheorem', 'for', 'the', 'boundary', 'entropy', 'is', 'closely', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'strong', 'subadditivity', 'of', 'the', 'entanglement', 'entropy']] | [-0.10528256999563552, 0.13995630368112755, -0.11031847153917158, 0.07970822789272469, -0.011524334167822814, -0.17420017964586726, -0.01483119693166839, 0.29240551278886634, -0.231140428642607, -0.2302575627118986, 0.09643007801053648, -0.3309835836641554, -0.14191802700933737, 0.17596460092398855, -0.061824143540092275, 0.06078520297464859, 0.015758480621963486, 0.13801325987785673, -0.11278855741923499, -0.18900778216934708, 0.3676628439973753, 0.04220552697905108, 0.31902702803261834, 0.1466705033229266, 0.05074591729312371, 0.009969425509070866, 0.005576740019023418, 0.09388221473170397, -0.21131844188649612, 0.14597782413833416, 0.21098032046077597, 0.1055579445261158, 0.18810369415829578, -0.4158167419716334, -0.27005989711859035, 0.05015356955317478, 0.08267552565592222, 0.1585813008634867, -0.03970704893404956, -0.23820686102924374, 0.034180563237740956, -0.17324116041199264, -0.1452805768304433, -0.09071531127262701, -0.025962640386090703, -0.05295387776119692, -0.21455580598682675, 0.1349149678809405, 0.0396263538655809, 0.04835763775433103, -0.07763360442820555, -0.013919920461554812, -0.08615924469115706, 0.08977149651011723, 0.0861570897898199, 0.021895010447185326, 0.1526768464499559, -0.16859983605069992, -0.11801254235080674, 0.32283108675072336, -0.06607056444741659, -0.21495667841428748, 0.21249517388482633, -0.15802854720630452, -0.15334040165727592, 0.06303384099314865, 0.053823734944065414, 0.15729196863965347, -0.11732843837056023, 0.0913247558955923, -0.047517323361025154, 0.14979842216031164, 0.047125596481447034, 0.08985749118300712, 0.22446454392793852, 0.059378769219868906, 0.07905005371500538, 0.249718889029414, -0.04261007038956015, -0.17438192877313521, -0.37493201058644515, -0.22446157764961833, -0.20988329354291543, 0.06796411661486913, -0.13341633547244208, -0.18992060465533206, 0.37694720195956594, 0.16280006794194277, 0.19451440785191634, 0.052596797386550494, 0.23466091045839155, 0.12307170603989473, 0.07402588329158533, 0.08989877791470315, 0.23688642784921277, 0.15999729740512994, 0.09165075627298883, -0.2658757954680671, -0.01825069310541591, 0.12729144810786486] |
712.1851 | Scalar one-loop integrals for QCD | We construct a basis set of infra-red and/or collinearly divergent scalar
one-loop integrals and give analytic formulas, for tadpole, bubble, triangle
and box integrals, regulating the divergences (ultra-violet, infra-red or
collinear) by regularization in $D=4-2\epsilon$ dimensions. For scalar triangle
integrals we give results for our basis set containing 6 divergent integrals.
For scalar box integrals we give results for our basis set containing 16
divergent integrals. We provide analytic results for the 5 divergent box
integrals in the basis set which are missing in the literature. Building on the
work of van Oldenborgh, a general, publicly available code has been
constructed, which calculates both finite and divergent one-loop integrals. The
code returns the coefficients of $1/\epsilon^2,1/\epsilon^1$ and $1/\epsilon^0$
as complex numbers for an arbitrary tadpole, bubble, triangle or box integral.
| hep-ph | we construct a basis set of infrared andor collinearly divergent scalar oneloop integrals and give analytic formulas for tadpole bubble triangle and box integrals regulating the divergences ultraviolet infrared or collinear by regularization in d42epsilon dimensions for scalar triangle integrals we give results for our basis set containing 6 divergent integrals for scalar box integrals we give results for our basis set containing 16 divergent integrals we provide analytic results for the 5 divergent box integrals in the basis set which are missing in the literature building on the work of van oldenborgh a general publicly available code has been constructed which calculates both finite and divergent oneloop integrals the code returns the coefficients of 1epsilon21epsilon1 and 1epsilon0 as complex numbers for an arbitrary tadpole bubble triangle or box integral | [['we', 'construct', 'a', 'basis', 'set', 'of', 'infrared', 'andor', 'collinearly', 'divergent', 'scalar', 'oneloop', 'integrals', 'and', 'give', 'analytic', 'formulas', 'for', 'tadpole', 'bubble', 'triangle', 'and', 'box', 'integrals', 'regulating', 'the', 'divergences', 'ultraviolet', 'infrared', 'or', 'collinear', 'by', 'regularization', 'in', 'd42epsilon', 'dimensions', 'for', 'scalar', 'triangle', 'integrals', 'we', 'give', 'results', 'for', 'our', 'basis', 'set', 'containing', '6', 'divergent', 'integrals', 'for', 'scalar', 'box', 'integrals', 'we', 'give', 'results', 'for', 'our', 'basis', 'set', 'containing', '16', 'divergent', 'integrals', 'we', 'provide', 'analytic', 'results', 'for', 'the', '5', 'divergent', 'box', 'integrals', 'in', 'the', 'basis', 'set', 'which', 'are', 'missing', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'building', 'on', 'the', 'work', 'of', 'van', 'oldenborgh', 'a', 'general', 'publicly', 'available', 'code', 'has', 'been', 'constructed', 'which', 'calculates', 'both', 'finite', 'and', 'divergent', 'oneloop', 'integrals', 'the', 'code', 'returns', 'the', 'coefficients', 'of', '1epsilon21epsilon1', 'and', '1epsilon0', 'as', 'complex', 'numbers', 'for', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'tadpole', 'bubble', 'triangle', 'or', 'box', 'integral']] | [-0.15078611629724037, 0.08898104429783871, -0.09164335417517577, 0.13505517128214706, -0.08904726106447924, -0.08246094922651537, 0.020863272991846316, 0.33669377253681887, -0.16450036853711936, -0.2378790038387706, 0.1201955598380664, -0.3394844477297738, -0.12674900373167475, 0.20547265408822568, 0.0026789901536403704, 0.08129007396200905, 0.09164685733776423, 0.004341536039873972, -0.0371570458264614, -0.2958715151908109, 0.35322402246674756, -0.030718009605152474, 0.13578335984129808, 0.09464460130402585, 0.1136875486226927, 0.05850060188458883, -0.12454563289065845, -0.018249288317747414, -0.15218183465640323, 0.12072885665497779, 0.22662630274135154, 0.057840606836180086, 0.19127184450007917, -0.4228404200548539, -0.12892282617031015, 0.0546195306815207, 0.19696885610028403, 0.0931347896130319, -0.024799793253805547, -0.20751965147792362, 0.020326329748058924, -0.190660453907185, -0.19620266554920818, -0.19114745660044719, 0.043990428082906874, -0.05398485732257541, -0.3315337253443431, 0.0689424170050188, -0.047574591990269255, 0.10510185389102844, -0.04523686950597039, -0.17542120064808842, -0.0066154687556263525, 0.12024508298691217, 0.019726021018868778, 0.07308054512031958, 0.0974691600931692, -0.1263755493237113, -0.13782760474259703, 0.3276115618646145, -0.05666550824025762, -0.24316774851467926, 0.10566377937902871, -0.18195199380352278, -0.12205715823438368, 0.17256939491198864, 0.09498891129624099, 0.15878475013596471, -0.18627535997802624, 0.16878843497943308, -0.021359657497669104, 0.05942941460307338, 0.16258135004682117, 0.032480753633080894, 0.1658904951036675, -0.0034782877046382055, -0.00602560266997898, 0.18488166879433265, -0.02594622293872817, -0.1257519565479015, -0.4225693967891857, -0.1332579122754396, -0.13791210760973627, 0.03619728671765188, -0.16225422634988718, -0.3216362744788057, 0.3473703776107868, 0.09471141202084254, 0.15528315009032667, 0.09709089604712062, 0.2737801917082834, 0.1395264365978619, 0.1350565761094913, 0.07119920991408435, 0.14930381975136697, 0.04192901084024925, 0.015254872210789472, -0.16826774941046097, -0.06955863969051279, 0.21549798538035247] |
712.1852 | Diffusion, dimensionality and noise in transcriptional regulation | The precision of biochemical signaling is limited by randomness in the
diffusive arrival of molecules at their targets. For proteins binding to the
specific sites on the DNA and regulating transcription, the ability of the
proteins to diffuse in one dimension by sliding along the length of the DNA, in
addition to their diffusion in bulk solution, would seem to generate a larger
target for DNA binding, consequently reducing the noise in the occupancy of the
regulatory site. Here we show that this effect is largely cancelled by the
enhanced temporal correlations in one dimensional diffusion. With realistic
parameters, sliding along DNA has surprisingly little effect on the physical
limits to the precision of transcriptional regulation.
| q-bio.MN q-bio.SC | the precision of biochemical signaling is limited by randomness in the diffusive arrival of molecules at their targets for proteins binding to the specific sites on the dna and regulating transcription the ability of the proteins to diffuse in one dimension by sliding along the length of the dna in addition to their diffusion in bulk solution would seem to generate a larger target for dna binding consequently reducing the noise in the occupancy of the regulatory site here we show that this effect is largely cancelled by the enhanced temporal correlations in one dimensional diffusion with realistic parameters sliding along dna has surprisingly little effect on the physical limits to the precision of transcriptional regulation | [['the', 'precision', 'of', 'biochemical', 'signaling', 'is', 'limited', 'by', 'randomness', 'in', 'the', 'diffusive', 'arrival', 'of', 'molecules', 'at', 'their', 'targets', 'for', 'proteins', 'binding', 'to', 'the', 'specific', 'sites', 'on', 'the', 'dna', 'and', 'regulating', 'transcription', 'the', 'ability', 'of', 'the', 'proteins', 'to', 'diffuse', 'in', 'one', 'dimension', 'by', 'sliding', 'along', 'the', 'length', 'of', 'the', 'dna', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'their', 'diffusion', 'in', 'bulk', 'solution', 'would', 'seem', 'to', 'generate', 'a', 'larger', 'target', 'for', 'dna', 'binding', 'consequently', 'reducing', 'the', 'noise', 'in', 'the', 'occupancy', 'of', 'the', 'regulatory', 'site', 'here', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'effect', 'is', 'largely', 'cancelled', 'by', 'the', 'enhanced', 'temporal', 'correlations', 'in', 'one', 'dimensional', 'diffusion', 'with', 'realistic', 'parameters', 'sliding', 'along', 'dna', 'has', 'surprisingly', 'little', 'effect', 'on', 'the', 'physical', 'limits', 'to', 'the', 'precision', 'of', 'transcriptional', 'regulation']] | [-0.11233184242757552, 0.19235391315506323, 0.029489101408499068, 0.0674446154684872, -0.03257447187708498, -0.13949998299157695, 0.10715536582123103, 0.3875913254210147, -0.2976569879382592, -0.2597158917643387, 0.01951361202498384, -0.26285130387685934, -0.1374091798126505, 0.1682595885398894, -0.05508505293280529, 0.013256714318011856, 0.04340088013800439, 0.07402161214147406, 0.048029207634530835, -0.2160020528505717, 0.2544085174811008, 0.15057810556528897, 0.28058300393328456, 0.08210460546201673, 0.09887616781019586, -0.0397347599460647, -0.007796053910138214, -0.022156290003451807, -0.1438346212785134, 0.17267485396173313, 0.23205195064054288, 0.061292358009738784, 0.24880527586130233, -0.45662899174053095, -0.26182917952898827, 0.08173096538039631, 0.18012670771186723, 0.18471162552656284, -0.030691351105282403, -0.24153354268617414, 0.07581291455727328, -0.0872303099323321, -0.08359417414437209, -0.03367023253893672, 0.04074154439550857, 0.07430885510733913, -0.20606308068341478, 0.12136507206114716, 0.03308295766353318, 0.07318658588036638, -0.0661129769542985, -0.0974810397621758, -0.04134596332281443, 0.206348687596017, 0.0852902219831494, 0.0032197758976916045, 0.23264075387349545, -0.15756952984627098, -0.10303192351270339, 0.3757015996460064, -0.03674294051296752, -0.25254189283265893, 0.21207195417634372, -0.15935080642571095, -0.16764758020069387, 0.19071016208156302, 0.1389302762314589, 0.05205641182516862, -0.19263434570668073, 0.03778081697939718, 0.06033800892403413, 0.21343883769265537, 0.11458291795811262, 0.03632602920546999, 0.18535725205558642, 0.20179175371946445, 0.0629101592629891, 0.1344039083602999, -0.1320363614218438, -0.11688201532988701, -0.19586668593873238, -0.14249804538096592, -0.16128268821871486, 0.07490861573224437, -0.10221805944945964, -0.15478827428586525, 0.3857154604609542, 0.11935605818833775, 0.18957999363603198, 0.036514773009473395, 0.2667216944813343, 0.028914823501916796, 0.13923731274854648, -0.03837604849229984, 0.20367508380802285, 0.07172957119423543, 0.08566717607127744, -0.31736125195838494, 0.17031023455663294, 0.01824004887522937] |
712.1853 | Time-resolved Observation and Control of Superexchange Interactions with
Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices | Quantum mechanical superexchange interactions form the basis of quantum
magnetism in strongly correlated electronic media. We report on the direct
measurement of superexchange interactions with ultracold atoms in optical
lattices. After preparing a spin-mixture of ultracold atoms in an
antiferromagnetically ordered state, we measure a coherent
superexchange-mediated spin dynamics with coupling energies from 5 Hz up to 1
kHz. By dynamically modifying the potential bias between neighboring lattice
sites, the magnitude and sign of the superexchange interaction can be
controlled, thus allowing the system to be switched between antiferromagnetic
or ferromagnetic spin interactions. We compare our findings to predictions of a
two-site Bose-Hubbard model and find very good agreement, but are also able to
identify corrections which can be explained by the inclusion of direct
nearest-neighbor interactions.
| cond-mat.other | quantum mechanical superexchange interactions form the basis of quantum magnetism in strongly correlated electronic media we report on the direct measurement of superexchange interactions with ultracold atoms in optical lattices after preparing a spinmixture of ultracold atoms in an antiferromagnetically ordered state we measure a coherent superexchangemediated spin dynamics with coupling energies from 5 hz up to 1 khz by dynamically modifying the potential bias between neighboring lattice sites the magnitude and sign of the superexchange interaction can be controlled thus allowing the system to be switched between antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic spin interactions we compare our findings to predictions of a twosite bosehubbard model and find very good agreement but are also able to identify corrections which can be explained by the inclusion of direct nearestneighbor interactions | [['quantum', 'mechanical', 'superexchange', 'interactions', 'form', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'quantum', 'magnetism', 'in', 'strongly', 'correlated', 'electronic', 'media', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'direct', 'measurement', 'of', 'superexchange', 'interactions', 'with', 'ultracold', 'atoms', 'in', 'optical', 'lattices', 'after', 'preparing', 'a', 'spinmixture', 'of', 'ultracold', 'atoms', 'in', 'an', 'antiferromagnetically', 'ordered', 'state', 'we', 'measure', 'a', 'coherent', 'superexchangemediated', 'spin', 'dynamics', 'with', 'coupling', 'energies', 'from', '5', 'hz', 'up', 'to', '1', 'khz', 'by', 'dynamically', 'modifying', 'the', 'potential', 'bias', 'between', 'neighboring', 'lattice', 'sites', 'the', 'magnitude', 'and', 'sign', 'of', 'the', 'superexchange', 'interaction', 'can', 'be', 'controlled', 'thus', 'allowing', 'the', 'system', 'to', 'be', 'switched', 'between', 'antiferromagnetic', 'or', 'ferromagnetic', 'spin', 'interactions', 'we', 'compare', 'our', 'findings', 'to', 'predictions', 'of', 'a', 'twosite', 'bosehubbard', 'model', 'and', 'find', 'very', 'good', 'agreement', 'but', 'are', 'also', 'able', 'to', 'identify', 'corrections', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'by', 'the', 'inclusion', 'of', 'direct', 'nearestneighbor', 'interactions']] | [-0.16571072475533813, 0.2637090980684401, 0.006357945788223001, 0.04455006025391557, -0.020046332681048957, -0.1879953119112918, 0.10257511030298673, 0.4282734572946552, -0.29058521683327854, -0.3053705319688315, -0.028335657291343467, -0.330292079967284, -0.07323771227143765, 0.16405268690903627, 0.12213229813376471, -0.045731754722221504, 0.04601190036018601, -0.04291364176028837, -0.07550483670765681, -0.2415618276896162, 0.25744876116957693, 0.04665329542550598, 0.22631118553764526, 0.08909491299178511, 0.031096494327934963, 0.042117123626956035, 0.10582369615486453, -0.006166466460045841, -0.12193117284082941, 0.11695676841595236, 0.24803227273468298, -0.08310411705280699, 0.17896528102250564, -0.4733002645347918, -0.15281042453670313, 0.05369317656870754, 0.1494846784489854, 0.20201679159395602, -0.0378892818356805, -0.35624673232317916, -0.048733787729390084, -0.2217292280272684, -0.11209251807812261, -0.14836388767977793, -0.018351904833541502, 0.0337158073860568, -0.2893967716298657, 0.1183592073990324, 0.03775333404164052, 0.08553725516512281, -0.07887537908437292, -0.05367858382219094, -0.03830664975583435, 0.0871889247385312, -0.014034415477894188, 0.06792083470195177, 0.14112910640145104, -0.11255599937165185, -0.17502107170395673, 0.3967749881816821, -0.09364718403704168, -0.11797214920322101, 0.21883639108227004, -0.15848852050978512, -0.03340433102973279, 0.11730405252929481, 0.1318794319106798, 0.023779569275026755, -0.17512298894986983, 0.04756985435314062, 0.03278801114010137, 0.23403021785438002, 0.0036208119598172958, 0.06981094098701428, 0.26793357564343345, 0.16621047084678023, 0.038323066219510066, 0.1389395577624248, -0.05279746012843495, -0.12648329199550468, -0.20666511847622812, -0.10802317007873503, -0.22804868730553796, 0.06821105589661451, -0.09525673645516185, -0.11561264681984626, 0.3788863817388783, 0.188549494574083, 0.1847314839085032, -0.05811083054533579, 0.209632037532708, 0.06885749890768368, 0.0572317465890332, -0.009636686512431691, 0.3078894585090142, 0.16769409730720022, 0.027685861916296066, -0.28533677490509396, 0.049943490996300834, 0.022985499185909117] |
712.1854 | Back-of-the-Envelope Computation of Throughput Distributions in CSMA
Wireless Networks | This work started out with our accidental discovery of a pattern of
throughput distributions among links in IEEE 802.11 networks from experimental
results. This pattern gives rise to an easy computation method, which we term
back-of-the-envelop (BoE) computation, because for many network configurations,
very accurate results can be obtained within minutes, if not seconds, by simple
hand computation. BoE beats prior methods in terms of both speed and accuracy.
While the computation procedure of BoE is simple, explaining why it works is by
no means trivial. Indeed the majority of our investigative efforts have been
devoted to the construction of a theory to explain BoE. This paper models an
ideal CSMA network as a set of interacting on-off telegraph processes. In
developing the theory, we discovered a number of analytical techniques and
observations that have eluded prior research, such as that the carrier-sensing
interactions among links in an ideal CSMA network result in a system state
evolution that is time-reversible; and that the probability distribution of the
system state is insensitive to the distributions of the "on" and "off"
durations given their means, and is a Markov random field. We believe these
theoretical frameworks are useful not just for explaining BoE, but could also
be a foundation for a fundamental understanding of how links in CSMA networks
interact. Last but not least, because of their basic nature, we surmise that
some of the techniques and results developed in this paper may be applicable to
not just CSMA networks, but also to other physical and engineering systems
consisting of entities interacting with each other in time and space.
| cs.NI cs.PF | this work started out with our accidental discovery of a pattern of throughput distributions among links in ieee 80211 networks from experimental results this pattern gives rise to an easy computation method which we term backoftheenvelop boe computation because for many network configurations very accurate results can be obtained within minutes if not seconds by simple hand computation boe beats prior methods in terms of both speed and accuracy while the computation procedure of boe is simple explaining why it works is by no means trivial indeed the majority of our investigative efforts have been devoted to the construction of a theory to explain boe this paper models an ideal csma network as a set of interacting onoff telegraph processes in developing the theory we discovered a number of analytical techniques and observations that have eluded prior research such as that the carriersensing interactions among links in an ideal csma network result in a system state evolution that is timereversible and that the probability distribution of the system state is insensitive to the distributions of the on and off durations given their means and is a markov random field we believe these theoretical frameworks are useful not just for explaining boe but could also be a foundation for a fundamental understanding of how links in csma networks interact last but not least because of their basic nature we surmise that some of the techniques and results developed in this paper may be applicable to not just csma networks but also to other physical and engineering systems consisting of entities interacting with each other in time and space | [['this', 'work', 'started', 'out', 'with', 'our', 'accidental', 'discovery', 'of', 'a', 'pattern', 'of', 'throughput', 'distributions', 'among', 'links', 'in', 'ieee', '80211', 'networks', 'from', 'experimental', 'results', 'this', 'pattern', 'gives', 'rise', 'to', 'an', 'easy', 'computation', 'method', 'which', 'we', 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712.1855 | A variation of multiple $L$-values arising from the spectral zeta
function of the non-commutative harmonic oscillator | A variation of multiple $L$-values, which arises from the description of the
special values of the spectral zeta function of the non-commutative harmonic
oscillator, is introduced. In some special cases, we show that its generating
function can be written in terms of the gamma functions. This result enables us
to obtain explicit evaluations of them.
| math.NT | a variation of multiple lvalues which arises from the description of the special values of the spectral zeta function of the noncommutative harmonic oscillator is introduced in some special cases we show that its generating function can be written in terms of the gamma functions this result enables us to obtain explicit evaluations of them | [['a', 'variation', 'of', 'multiple', 'lvalues', 'which', 'arises', 'from', 'the', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'special', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'zeta', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'noncommutative', 'harmonic', 'oscillator', 'is', 'introduced', 'in', 'some', 'special', 'cases', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'its', 'generating', 'function', 'can', 'be', 'written', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'gamma', 'functions', 'this', 'result', 'enables', 'us', 'to', 'obtain', 'explicit', 'evaluations', 'of', 'them']] | [-0.15305250065231865, 0.03974413030188192, -0.10384335069155151, 0.08127206066115336, -0.07868584116751498, -0.07841719973155044, 0.026122622141106562, 0.3133222403851422, -0.273778424767608, -0.26555944625288247, 0.028459366821599278, -0.2134130993519317, -0.1958540453152223, 0.26360650604421443, -0.07371400672603737, 0.025968337200042282, 0.03705952613699165, 0.0657123532823541, -0.12370543289844962, -0.2338506554338065, 0.34298909350707785, 0.027101678096435287, 0.17995222493244165, 0.08184483093632892, 0.09182892974296754, 0.041776982144537296, -0.036504202344539494, -0.04681631321281285, -0.1376579815232121, 0.15302409649911253, 0.2609044941311533, 0.11811942085623742, 0.2579356030307033, -0.34967589788138864, -0.1849759447642348, 0.14465490798889236, 0.09261805113743651, 0.06992767096539451, 0.03638744681057605, -0.21583508540960875, 0.03603478646413846, -0.19838457574898546, -0.16452318194576285, -0.09972347407178446, -0.01616555532779206, 0.10631967595016414, -0.3303202075629749, 0.05559656020592559, 0.06401616697284308, 0.029441178911788896, -0.0535891149722209, -0.11688316549936478, 0.009365717448632826, 0.17092272984710608, 0.09710515603338453, 0.04687224808572368, 0.07865829865702174, -0.13659242499535057, -0.07185518289492888, 0.3796691853722388, -0.07146487920121714, -0.24168847259134055, 0.13380398139018904, -0.18308990409767087, -0.14615134790709072, 0.10023287821307102, 0.1261843688955361, 0.15807597061449832, -0.09697514376179739, 0.13079993086867034, -0.08063300404358995, 0.12003491183912213, 0.14429213005033406, 0.04591128390113061, 0.13739748580211944, 0.018825940880924465, 0.011260635479861362, 0.2385766422693533, -0.03649071988871914, -0.08423944299363277, -0.3611735239212232, -0.18888117615133523, -0.18530840992250225, 0.08891166992146861, -0.12674807283858006, -0.21196072802624918, 0.4684420256113464, 0.08261006932536309, 0.22796879016201604, 0.06747437634886327, 0.226137909788469, 0.25436279956590047, 0.09212398656897924, -0.023764551888135345, 0.16916563606831583, 0.15572084380652418, 0.05233859728005799, -0.16566985142840582, 0.014965840124271133, 0.10432027495381507] |
712.1856 | Tunneling phase gate for neutral atoms in a double-well lattice | We propose a new two--qubit phase gate for ultra--cold atoms confined in an
experimentally realized tilted double--well optical lattice [Sebby--Strabley et
al., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 73} 033605 (2006)]. Such a lattice is capable of
confining pairs of atoms in a two--dimensional array of double--well potentials
where control can be exercised over the barrier height and the energy
difference of the minima of the two wells (known as the ``tilt''). The four
lowest single--particle motional states consist of two pairs of motional states
in which each pair is localized on one side of the central barrier, allowing
for two atoms confined in such a lattice to be spatially separated qubits. We
present a time--dependent scheme to manipulate the tilt to induce tunneling
oscillations which produce a collisional phase gate. Numerical simulations
demonstrate that this gate can be performed with high fidelity.
| quant-ph | we propose a new twoqubit phase gate for ultracold atoms confined in an experimentally realized tilted doublewell optical lattice sebbystrabley et al phys rev a bf 73 033605 2006 such a lattice is capable of confining pairs of atoms in a twodimensional array of doublewell potentials where control can be exercised over the barrier height and the energy difference of the minima of the two wells known as the tilt the four lowest singleparticle motional states consist of two pairs of motional states in which each pair is localized on one side of the central barrier allowing for two atoms confined in such a lattice to be spatially separated qubits we present a timedependent scheme to manipulate the tilt to induce tunneling oscillations which produce a collisional phase gate numerical simulations demonstrate that this gate can be performed with high fidelity | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'new', 'twoqubit', 'phase', 'gate', 'for', 'ultracold', 'atoms', 'confined', 'in', 'an', 'experimentally', 'realized', 'tilted', 'doublewell', 'optical', 'lattice', 'sebbystrabley', 'et', 'al', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', 'bf', '73', '033605', '2006', 'such', 'a', 'lattice', 'is', 'capable', 'of', 'confining', 'pairs', 'of', 'atoms', 'in', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'array', 'of', 'doublewell', 'potentials', 'where', 'control', 'can', 'be', 'exercised', 'over', 'the', 'barrier', 'height', 'and', 'the', 'energy', 'difference', 'of', 'the', 'minima', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'wells', 'known', 'as', 'the', 'tilt', 'the', 'four', 'lowest', 'singleparticle', 'motional', 'states', 'consist', 'of', 'two', 'pairs', 'of', 'motional', 'states', 'in', 'which', 'each', 'pair', 'is', 'localized', 'on', 'one', 'side', 'of', 'the', 'central', 'barrier', 'allowing', 'for', 'two', 'atoms', 'confined', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'lattice', 'to', 'be', 'spatially', 'separated', 'qubits', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'timedependent', 'scheme', 'to', 'manipulate', 'the', 'tilt', 'to', 'induce', 'tunneling', 'oscillations', 'which', 'produce', 'a', 'collisional', 'phase', 'gate', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'this', 'gate', 'can', 'be', 'performed', 'with', 'high', 'fidelity']] | [-0.16095009283330158, 0.2281221204795146, -0.013447685914261522, -0.02228299896450539, 0.04174918739172034, -0.2083018639781546, 0.08011799797469335, 0.4085420923200335, -0.24516673424036625, -0.28826324573362905, -0.0327865676518878, -0.24050587297772333, -0.09125317890438245, 0.19424288252221167, -0.019479853509784602, 0.04234103612574956, 0.03886554213307744, -0.05818950286362883, -0.05210224340549208, -0.26539075290851244, 0.2212655868384612, 0.012223091964750625, 0.2575981133825166, 0.05175068279688092, 0.08530570231981092, 0.0008998943187912805, 0.11757577299797847, 0.0037262738488024944, -0.10802942285896908, 0.08235992471898551, 0.2196139261032716, -0.03322610179659167, 0.2404592375626131, -0.46686313495629556, -0.19262317400559675, 0.09043538455915028, 0.14270100502042676, 0.20619496563449502, -0.0607267361805982, -0.3246513604849791, -0.02723629512529311, -0.17681057420337284, -0.13398580999857337, -0.09299589927381963, 0.041869004307274554, 0.03079154635880062, -0.30755193504712564, 0.10405956850916469, -0.004373654338745601, 0.06029906455534611, -0.03281233898571712, -0.037990712326207605, -0.032276792073180134, 0.05129518744907603, -0.09981578002221507, 0.059682176009544154, 0.14688966005685464, -0.0624386265626003, -0.15262654320866192, 0.35923147312760784, -0.057437517057112655, -0.16828627718223943, 0.19137609276749704, -0.13310672546797198, -0.011015617402551843, 0.12427081794665604, 0.14768999702926966, 0.10570471781044663, -0.12783906138929196, 0.06908323110220284, -0.0468780356023809, 0.17857907157267358, 0.12401972242074905, 0.06185544174660346, 0.2653873206246912, 0.12246934211102696, 0.06497711213154839, 0.1811551191055102, -0.1485373137498663, -0.13194000555358143, -0.2952194573598907, -0.16517500242338978, -0.2538354013838785, 0.05071503331827372, 0.0013706514297979514, -0.1864427762347267, 0.4532185669565394, 0.09811769729135089, 0.2359721322624321, -0.08527614981465363, 0.23667271311977783, 0.11452894822590509, 0.05543692727077404, 0.0492293201487431, 0.2530635656829146, 0.15309094164768408, 0.03335743439434056, -0.2839489413740234, -0.044741397767106623, 0.019472490476859772] |
712.1857 | On Black Hole Mass Estimation from X-ray Spectra of Ultraluminous X-ray
Sources | We propose a methodology to derive a black-hole mass for super-critical
accretion flow. Here, we use the extended disk blackbody (extended DBB) model,
a fitting model in which the effective temperature profile obeys the relation
$T_{\rm eff} \propto r^{-p}$, with $r$ being the disk radius and $p$ being
treated as a fitting parameter. We first numerically calculate the theoretical
flow structure and its spectra for a given black-hole mass, $M$, and accretion
rate, $\dot{M}$. Through fitting to the theoretical spectra by the extended DBB
model, we can estimate the black-hole mass, $M_{\rm x}$, assuming that the
innermost disk radius is $r_{\rm in}=3r_{\rm g} (\propto M_{\rm x})$, where
$r_{\rm g}$ is the Schwarzschild radius. We find, however, that the estimated
mass deviates from that adopted in the spectral calculations, $M$, even for
low-$\dot{M}$ cases. We also find that the deviations can be eliminated by
introducing a new correction for the innermost radius. Using this correction,
we calculate mass correction factors, $M/M_{\rm x}$, in the super-critical
regimes for some sets of $M$ and $\dot M$, finding that a mass correction
factor ranges between $M/M_{\rm x} \sim$ 1.2 -- 1.6. The higher is $\dot{M}$,
the larger does the mass correction factor tend to be. Since the correction is
relatively small, we can safely conclude that the black holes in ULXs which
Vierdayanti et al. (2006, PASJ, 58, 915) analyzed are stellar-mass black holes
with the mass being $< 100M_{\odot}$.
| astro-ph | we propose a methodology to derive a blackhole mass for supercritical accretion flow here we use the extended disk blackbody extended dbb model a fitting model in which the effective temperature profile obeys the relation t_rm eff propto rp with r being the disk radius and p being treated as a fitting parameter we first numerically calculate the theoretical flow structure and its spectra for a given blackhole mass m and accretion rate dotm through fitting to the theoretical spectra by the extended dbb model we can estimate the blackhole mass m_rm x assuming that the innermost disk radius is r_rm in3r_rm g propto m_rm x where r_rm g is the schwarzschild radius we find however that the estimated mass deviates from that adopted in the spectral calculations m even for lowdotm cases we also find that the deviations can be eliminated by introducing a new correction for the innermost radius using this correction we calculate mass correction factors mm_rm x in the supercritical regimes for some sets of m and dot m finding that a mass correction factor ranges between mm_rm x sim 12 16 the higher is dotm the larger does the mass correction factor tend to be since the correction is relatively small we can safely conclude that the black holes in ulxs which vierdayanti et al 2006 pasj 58 915 analyzed are stellarmass black holes with the mass being 100m_odot | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'methodology', 'to', 'derive', 'a', 'blackhole', 'mass', 'for', 'supercritical', 'accretion', 'flow', 'here', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'extended', 'disk', 'blackbody', 'extended', 'dbb', 'model', 'a', 'fitting', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'effective', 'temperature', 'profile', 'obeys', 'the', 'relation', 't_rm', 'eff', 'propto', 'rp', 'with', 'r', 'being', 'the', 'disk', 'radius', 'and', 'p', 'being', 'treated', 'as', 'a', 'fitting', 'parameter', 'we', 'first', 'numerically', 'calculate', 'the', 'theoretical', 'flow', 'structure', 'and', 'its', 'spectra', 'for', 'a', 'given', 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712.1858 | Comet 9P/Tempel 1: Interpretation with the Deep Impact Results | According to our common understandings, the original surface of a
short-period comet nucleus has been lost by sublimation processes during its
close approaches to the Sun. Sublimation results in the formation of a dust
mantle on the retreated surface and in chemical differentiation of ices over
tens or hundreds of meters below the mantle. In the course of NASA's Deep
Impact mission, optical and infrared imaging observations of the ejecta plume
were conducted by several researchers, but their interpretations of the data
came as a big surprise: (1) The nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel 1 is free of a dust
mantle, but maintains its pristine crust of submicron-sized carbonaceous
grains; (2) Primordial materials are accessible already at a depth of several
tens of cm with abundant silicate grains of submicrometer sizes. In this study,
we demonstrate that a standard model of cometary nuclei explains well available
observational data: (1) A dust mantle with a thickness of ~1-2 m builds up on
the surface, where compact aggregates larger than tens of micrometers dominate;
(2) Large fluffy aggregates are embedded in chemically differentiated layers as
well as in the deepest part of the nucleus with primordial materials. We
conclude that the Deep Impact results do not need any peculiar view of a comet
nucleus.
| astro-ph | according to our common understandings the original surface of a shortperiod comet nucleus has been lost by sublimation processes during its close approaches to the sun sublimation results in the formation of a dust mantle on the retreated surface and in chemical differentiation of ices over tens or hundreds of meters below the mantle in the course of nasas deep impact mission optical and infrared imaging observations of the ejecta plume were conducted by several researchers but their interpretations of the data came as a big surprise 1 the nucleus of comet 9ptempel 1 is free of a dust mantle but maintains its pristine crust of submicronsized carbonaceous grains 2 primordial materials are accessible already at a depth of several tens of cm with abundant silicate grains of submicrometer sizes in this study we demonstrate that a standard model of cometary nuclei explains well available observational data 1 a dust mantle with a thickness of 12 m builds up on the surface where compact aggregates larger than tens of micrometers dominate 2 large fluffy aggregates are embedded in chemically differentiated layers as well as in the deepest part of the nucleus with primordial materials we conclude that the deep impact results do not need any peculiar view of a comet nucleus | [['according', 'to', 'our', 'common', 'understandings', 'the', 'original', 'surface', 'of', 'a', 'shortperiod', 'comet', 'nucleus', 'has', 'been', 'lost', 'by', 'sublimation', 'processes', 'during', 'its', 'close', 'approaches', 'to', 'the', 'sun', 'sublimation', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'a', 'dust', 'mantle', 'on', 'the', 'retreated', 'surface', 'and', 'in', 'chemical', 'differentiation', 'of', 'ices', 'over', 'tens', 'or', 'hundreds', 'of', 'meters', 'below', 'the', 'mantle', 'in', 'the', 'course', 'of', 'nasas', 'deep', 'impact', 'mission', 'optical', 'and', 'infrared', 'imaging', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'ejecta', 'plume', 'were', 'conducted', 'by', 'several', 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712.1859 | Fitting Formulae for the Effects of Binary Interactions on Lick Indices
and Colours of Stellar Populations | More than about 50% stars of galaxies are in binaries, but most stellar
population studies take single star-stellar population (ss-SSP) models, which
do not take binary interactions into account. In fact, the integrated
peculiarities of ss-SSPs are various from those of stellar populations with
binary interactions (bs-SSPs). Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the
effects of binary interactions on the Lick indices and colours of populations
detailedly. We show some formulae for calculating the difference between the
Lick indices and colours of bs-SSPs, and those of ss-SSPs. Twenty-five Lick
indices and 12 colours are studied in the work. The results can be conveniently
used for estimating the effects of binary interactions on stellar population
studies and for adding the effects of binary interactions into existing ss-SSP
models. The results and a few procedures can be obtained on request to the
authors or via http://www.ynao.ac.cn/~bps/zhongmu/download.htm
| astro-ph | more than about 50 stars of galaxies are in binaries but most stellar population studies take single starstellar population ssssp models which do not take binary interactions into account in fact the integrated peculiarities of ssssps are various from those of stellar populations with binary interactions bsssps therefore it is necessary to investigate the effects of binary interactions on the lick indices and colours of populations detailedly we show some formulae for calculating the difference between the lick indices and colours of bsssps and those of ssssps twentyfive lick indices and 12 colours are studied in the work the results can be conveniently used for estimating the effects of binary interactions on stellar population studies and for adding the effects of binary interactions into existing ssssp models the results and a few procedures can be obtained on request to the authors or via httpwwwynaoaccnbpszhongmudownloadhtm | [['more', 'than', 'about', '50', 'stars', 'of', 'galaxies', 'are', 'in', 'binaries', 'but', 'most', 'stellar', 'population', 'studies', 'take', 'single', 'starstellar', 'population', 'ssssp', 'models', 'which', 'do', 'not', 'take', 'binary', 'interactions', 'into', 'account', 'in', 'fact', 'the', 'integrated', 'peculiarities', 'of', 'ssssps', 'are', 'various', 'from', 'those', 'of', 'stellar', 'populations', 'with', 'binary', 'interactions', 'bsssps', 'therefore', 'it', 'is', 'necessary', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'binary', 'interactions', 'on', 'the', 'lick', 'indices', 'and', 'colours', 'of', 'populations', 'detailedly', 'we', 'show', 'some', 'formulae', 'for', 'calculating', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'lick', 'indices', 'and', 'colours', 'of', 'bsssps', 'and', 'those', 'of', 'ssssps', 'twentyfive', 'lick', 'indices', 'and', '12', 'colours', 'are', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'work', 'the', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'conveniently', 'used', 'for', 'estimating', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'binary', 'interactions', 'on', 'stellar', 'population', 'studies', 'and', 'for', 'adding', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'binary', 'interactions', 'into', 'existing', 'ssssp', 'models', 'the', 'results', 'and', 'a', 'few', 'procedures', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'on', 'request', 'to', 'the', 'authors', 'or', 'via', 'httpwwwynaoaccnbpszhongmudownloadhtm']] | [-0.0410403334806201, 0.14203429430122463, -0.10340833617743223, 0.14704267904047633, -0.07784580267165643, -0.10116727806588399, 0.04103371082857566, 0.4250152583535708, -0.14294639660101252, -0.38424228016339557, 0.07391984836923116, -0.32860063212845003, -0.07344091938264195, 0.2173551536131565, -0.03409982111278764, -0.031371892058506975, 0.0914339580373104, -0.06006982800563876, -0.02587882813203975, -0.2865721186832853, 0.3295655159712572, -0.0034478145297354374, 0.136679772845089, -0.025782422529874553, 0.007897254971551224, -0.00286228517332757, -0.09754253990462863, 0.03391631768645824, -0.11784401820631514, 0.07247452095190299, 0.22723595496550125, 0.15893755364887627, 0.22373763155060963, -0.40286726752971624, -0.21265100865152625, 0.108884080096712, 0.16417511011322986, 0.09092951088432144, -0.055958154622459635, -0.24499534324391967, 0.0658815879584618, -0.1884707578943229, -0.09015316421850207, 0.012180314464888103, 0.03817962952168055, 0.07721002927233636, -0.2616847616384252, 0.054613069311836994, 0.04257336085413019, 0.10130830524935269, -0.128185079692089, -0.17944202225812725, -0.08218456655298031, 0.18551318105113443, 0.020109908069929922, -0.04950956665192613, 0.10116104426970837, -0.12037538457989798, -0.09717405893721841, 0.4198037947619885, -0.04193987048931607, -0.1257729710105964, 0.22909268783323442, -0.1609405813882993, -0.16919286675016645, 0.06013958820168086, 0.20924020183443184, 0.13215927755407675, -0.19477715505562512, -0.0032583051648082764, 0.024834571603003522, 0.1949506933164691, 0.016370941491299112, 0.07289440129411368, 0.25761088625934553, 0.08627817681072358, -0.05302811059018623, 0.07646240654211281, -0.1140230537972636, -0.06933835380330262, -0.17304003228184203, -0.07724918397045104, -0.11251096512046709, 0.034677535172614994, -0.14209010615607914, -0.11477566306466158, 0.39465219594380807, 0.1424730530559597, 0.1843533919940532, 0.06790722023882628, 0.2619960878018132, 0.12216098315384187, 0.13330078046624613, 0.04659216593898518, 0.30019845537825746, 0.1474050222502523, 0.015294585948704224, -0.20638169031623016, 0.11089006408353821, 0.03217339675716111] |
712.186 | Integrability, stability, and adiabaticity in nonlinear stimulated Raman
adiabatic passage | We study dynamics of a two-color photoassociation of atoms into diatomic
molecules via nonlinear Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) process.
This system has a famous counterpart in (linear) quantum mechanics, and been
discussed recently in the context of generalizing quantum adiabatic theorem to
nonlinear systems. Here we use another approach to study adiabaticity and
stability in the system: we apply methods of classical Hamiltonian dynamics. We
found nonlinear dynamical instabilities, cases of complete integrability, and
improved conditions of adiabaticity.
| cond-mat.other physics.class-ph quant-ph | we study dynamics of a twocolor photoassociation of atoms into diatomic molecules via nonlinear stimulated raman adiabatic passage stirap process this system has a famous counterpart in linear quantum mechanics and been discussed recently in the context of generalizing quantum adiabatic theorem to nonlinear systems here we use another approach to study adiabaticity and stability in the system we apply methods of classical hamiltonian dynamics we found nonlinear dynamical instabilities cases of complete integrability and improved conditions of adiabaticity | [['we', 'study', 'dynamics', 'of', 'a', 'twocolor', 'photoassociation', 'of', 'atoms', 'into', 'diatomic', 'molecules', 'via', 'nonlinear', 'stimulated', 'raman', 'adiabatic', 'passage', 'stirap', 'process', 'this', 'system', 'has', 'a', 'famous', 'counterpart', 'in', 'linear', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'been', 'discussed', 'recently', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'generalizing', 'quantum', 'adiabatic', 'theorem', 'to', 'nonlinear', 'systems', 'here', 'we', 'use', 'another', 'approach', 'to', 'study', 'adiabaticity', 'and', 'stability', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'we', 'apply', 'methods', 'of', 'classical', 'hamiltonian', 'dynamics', 'we', 'found', 'nonlinear', 'dynamical', 'instabilities', 'cases', 'of', 'complete', 'integrability', 'and', 'improved', 'conditions', 'of', 'adiabaticity']] | [-0.11929653567273783, 0.11015067240694844, -0.12528969498374795, 0.05163349991283822, 0.006327514097542513, -0.14782461699222132, 0.07327107712037012, 0.3676570658866741, -0.28188157266100183, -0.18677961136084759, 0.03997323342268886, -0.21126319515176967, -0.20953239763414935, 0.20768187770360633, -0.04263367968953297, 0.15314490069293335, 0.07322198713693438, -0.03205619840234329, -0.043218718717888564, -0.22033729397137708, 0.28944747118114295, 0.04332373472508279, 0.23941449902928139, 0.038690313923797466, 0.09396721383768923, 0.033153707736254305, 0.05965646993533909, -0.06695583810618747, -0.1855910474646695, 0.076926883817002, 0.20705711411288644, 0.05419203010977163, 0.2934183246467876, -0.47835977512258515, -0.27122273754705734, 0.09710682638260666, 0.15369582209217397, 0.23310763601072226, -0.04016523043141712, -0.3193558653686903, -0.03602031656081164, -0.1576441118517254, -0.17865047688725627, -0.15309665104539333, 0.02286143867369694, 0.015274609474441673, -0.22766520848639216, 0.10009309578144664, 0.13292070450312812, 0.07233905789878549, -0.060160810222165496, 0.0288396122352562, 0.03282566184673128, 0.02202272340891105, -0.03951227590124877, -0.04842874753182825, 0.1530019649587383, -0.10472161376766295, -0.20258814025717445, 0.4171659356996983, -0.10474021048019817, -0.10856150276958942, 0.21278500195026775, -0.09643458250815733, -0.16381443780846894, 0.10595990923716675, 0.17067336552788184, 0.1530597757406627, -0.1598466373567434, 0.10097336744126287, 0.006792566285150338, 0.12303807067720196, 0.10737243629520453, 0.07057940548129639, 0.13720714302049786, 0.16327119209874374, 0.010801749143313286, 0.20778523990884423, -0.023871802677742287, -0.21907347670603025, -0.2249535021336773, -0.1568281515796162, -0.16941617306062504, 0.1122577280201065, 0.005226685518739285, -0.10431688932018189, 0.4023846306873462, 0.15854527440166713, 0.11231090643596423, -0.06879332138496581, 0.2994193555433539, 0.2104669145744624, -0.026867095012618584, -0.0005703324546353726, 0.2888035412871904, 0.2581299741198368, 0.07462991893150006, -0.30285204844431407, -0.06120605241651706, 0.11191294242958008] |
712.1861 | CKM Phase and Spontaneous CP Violation | The Standard Model for CP violation, the CKM model, works very well in
explaining all laboratory experimental data. However, this model does not
address the question that where it comes from. The origin of CP violation is
still a mystery. In this talk I discuss a model\cite{model} addressing this
problem in which the CP violating phase in the CKM matrix is identical to the
phase in the Higgs potential resulting from spontaneous CP violation.
| hep-ph | the standard model for cp violation the ckm model works very well in explaining all laboratory experimental data however this model does not address the question that where it comes from the origin of cp violation is still a mystery in this talk i discuss a modelcitemodel addressing this problem in which the cp violating phase in the ckm matrix is identical to the phase in the higgs potential resulting from spontaneous cp violation | [['the', 'standard', 'model', 'for', 'cp', 'violation', 'the', 'ckm', 'model', 'works', 'very', 'well', 'in', 'explaining', 'all', 'laboratory', 'experimental', 'data', 'however', 'this', 'model', 'does', 'not', 'address', 'the', 'question', 'that', 'where', 'it', 'comes', 'from', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'cp', 'violation', 'is', 'still', 'a', 'mystery', 'in', 'this', 'talk', 'i', 'discuss', 'a', 'modelcitemodel', 'addressing', 'this', 'problem', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'cp', 'violating', 'phase', 'in', 'the', 'ckm', 'matrix', 'is', 'identical', 'to', 'the', 'phase', 'in', 'the', 'higgs', 'potential', 'resulting', 'from', 'spontaneous', 'cp', 'violation']] | [-0.10052225373251593, 0.17869928691612735, -0.019066148156887047, 0.09455852706004444, -0.0988088218393187, -0.2028417048516543, 0.12045440209187465, 0.25081084607398674, -0.29521409477655813, -0.2840503215381544, 0.09661908638950642, -0.25594042168853626, -0.1265213193040188, 0.10040546155356075, -0.04216221122913165, 0.06396676962302156, 0.02812366526931116, -0.02053162917392711, -0.11694365867719769, -0.1820716842855901, 0.27027379114129774, 0.02566832623584834, 0.27853751652044795, 0.13347100155836303, 0.017486780641077417, -0.06977423014476487, -0.03308566916121604, -0.04833197098684638, -0.03759048575559736, 0.03825603316981371, 0.22056465945525527, 0.18935257859834254, 0.11571392605770124, -0.37270597429716423, -0.17119020472395502, 0.22862959776890196, 0.128344793306434, 0.15397007571220755, -0.0921477129402226, -0.3182102108808005, 0.03450584952553658, -0.13578281452088323, -0.09689456307367511, -0.043119887594924605, -0.02382674316352565, -0.16243980414144796, -0.2947690463752473, 0.10480033791279547, 0.01734741069280785, 0.030873275936058122, 0.034659316278483766, -0.12836824411092557, 0.08888113964030085, 0.058976234153729594, 0.17047838470101204, 0.03448091410355617, 0.04822339282741081, -0.1828940254476636, -0.1169682042354284, 0.5233385131171305, -0.023492000180564514, -0.17286547802529004, 0.10760459895181941, -0.23438407117437113, -0.22863837716820307, 0.07095123121310791, 0.12716938580756318, 0.036438721614851524, -0.21453819042454436, 0.16577702994164947, -0.11532238673112571, 0.17455212548630286, 0.01353251788931044, 0.010857815490652845, 0.25153029755982637, 0.20016518166633196, 0.0435207870482684, 0.029827779796842025, -0.044491815189384436, -0.11332349300588647, -0.4115081779046418, -0.14875109095687736, -0.15293450484671056, 0.03277539992278397, -0.030233253916240717, -0.0968685188324331, 0.42515014333982176, 0.18902395953653917, 0.2234709348708187, -0.016575962316232082, 0.3206791937836025, 0.039840629704261506, 0.045999808160409536, 0.014734230954710343, 0.350678989510626, 0.10877421275036384, 0.19090627729637574, -0.28611624573217065, 0.1276328033984524, 0.03905720668143197] |
712.1862 | Spin states of zigzag-edged Mobius graphene nanoribbons from first
principles | Mobius graphene nanoribbons have only one edge topologically. How the
magnetic structures, previously associated with the two edges of zigzag-edged
flat nanoribbons or cyclic nanorings, would change for their Mobius
counterparts is an intriguing question. Using spin-polarized density functional
theory, we shed light on this question. We examine spin states of zigzag-edged
Mobius graphene nanoribbons (ZMGNRs) with different widths and lengths. We find
a triplet ground state for a Mobius cyclacene, while the corresponding
two-edged cyclacene has an open-shell singlet ground state. For wider ZMGNRs,
the total magnetization of the ground state is found to increase with the
ribbon length. For example, a quintet ground state is found for a ZMGNR. Local
magnetic moments on the edge carbon atoms form domains of majority and minor
spins along the edge. Spins at the domain boundaries are found to be
frustrated. Our findings show that the Mobius topology (i.e., only one edge)
causes ZMGNRs to favor one spin over the other, leading to a ground state with
non-zero total magnetization.
| physics.chem-ph | mobius graphene nanoribbons have only one edge topologically how the magnetic structures previously associated with the two edges of zigzagedged flat nanoribbons or cyclic nanorings would change for their mobius counterparts is an intriguing question using spinpolarized density functional theory we shed light on this question we examine spin states of zigzagedged mobius graphene nanoribbons zmgnrs with different widths and lengths we find a triplet ground state for a mobius cyclacene while the corresponding twoedged cyclacene has an openshell singlet ground state for wider zmgnrs the total magnetization of the ground state is found to increase with the ribbon length for example a quintet ground state is found for a zmgnr local magnetic moments on the edge carbon atoms form domains of majority and minor spins along the edge spins at the domain boundaries are found to be frustrated our findings show that the mobius topology ie only one edge causes zmgnrs to favor one spin over the other leading to a ground state with nonzero total magnetization | [['mobius', 'graphene', 'nanoribbons', 'have', 'only', 'one', 'edge', 'topologically', 'how', 'the', 'magnetic', 'structures', 'previously', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'two', 'edges', 'of', 'zigzagedged', 'flat', 'nanoribbons', 'or', 'cyclic', 'nanorings', 'would', 'change', 'for', 'their', 'mobius', 'counterparts', 'is', 'an', 'intriguing', 'question', 'using', 'spinpolarized', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'we', 'shed', 'light', 'on', 'this', 'question', 'we', 'examine', 'spin', 'states', 'of', 'zigzagedged', 'mobius', 'graphene', 'nanoribbons', 'zmgnrs', 'with', 'different', 'widths', 'and', 'lengths', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'triplet', 'ground', 'state', 'for', 'a', 'mobius', 'cyclacene', 'while', 'the', 'corresponding', 'twoedged', 'cyclacene', 'has', 'an', 'openshell', 'singlet', 'ground', 'state', 'for', 'wider', 'zmgnrs', 'the', 'total', 'magnetization', 'of', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'increase', 'with', 'the', 'ribbon', 'length', 'for', 'example', 'a', 'quintet', 'ground', 'state', 'is', 'found', 'for', 'a', 'zmgnr', 'local', 'magnetic', 'moments', 'on', 'the', 'edge', 'carbon', 'atoms', 'form', 'domains', 'of', 'majority', 'and', 'minor', 'spins', 'along', 'the', 'edge', 'spins', 'at', 'the', 'domain', 'boundaries', 'are', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'frustrated', 'our', 'findings', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'mobius', 'topology', 'ie', 'only', 'one', 'edge', 'causes', 'zmgnrs', 'to', 'favor', 'one', 'spin', 'over', 'the', 'other', 'leading', 'to', 'a', 'ground', 'state', 'with', 'nonzero', 'total', 'magnetization']] | [-0.19226573551836681, 0.20326722981439796, -0.01218825053838811, 0.052389472386384583, -0.049385466711057056, -0.13813927152800004, 0.05624601780927841, 0.4519896953849189, -0.24640305046656966, -0.273831608640002, 0.032619170465854455, -0.31731870997113637, -0.07579967006620199, 0.1331088569040511, 0.04921685856085338, 0.01838818400065942, 0.06075042754226555, 0.02878287417746811, -0.08858503262562879, -0.22630387172663965, 0.28882488921121274, -0.06308805290609598, 0.2887024716249701, 0.09887486238436527, -0.007213457936353712, 0.0155997615769023, 0.12987589650557388, 0.023804940112181996, -0.13561484402106797, 0.0924346367684782, 0.20057592123427082, -0.07540953256812576, 0.1897892822702247, -0.4766404533265046, -0.16970236629741378, 0.04346707568178514, 0.12386643013451248, 0.16566287195702722, -0.014748173846487314, -0.3116626356818141, 0.08977843256083777, -0.12658947903146767, -0.15388372986043064, -0.05507690159054136, 0.02809449363253023, -0.038172553957535334, -0.19388690065727177, 0.06178295889207308, 0.04094583962494171, 0.04750941972618541, -0.09291400651991681, -0.17539757108371928, -0.13055094834893988, 0.07848335754726621, 0.03828263079259455, 0.05879667005221169, 0.1365625357889312, -0.13108938255842428, -0.1584287613899593, 0.33616172735500766, -0.033484991457515274, -0.15368526318553746, 0.16218892808061047, -0.1529053776715714, -0.10571357570532484, 0.13935407172013298, 0.06360452108825725, 0.10010934444333719, -0.08060415414672524, 0.06578114658176158, -0.07398924236368186, 0.17380171632730818, 0.06489215413927583, 0.101564355006621, 0.273022110091455, 0.10885729838207543, 0.12954110039134387, 0.174240812703796, -0.11847992753084043, -0.08583688308170671, -0.19627222839563366, -0.204426319408511, -0.20922074478164496, 0.10250007875645196, -0.019739777003856745, -0.21745581616064064, 0.4392487645830892, 0.08906079442604972, 0.19535939121641308, -0.012457251646948686, 0.2142886405709727, 0.08591144320524174, 0.0820741293326312, 0.07033438800836925, 0.19225952369357313, 0.1752791377212235, 0.023679049104222107, -0.25611158567396586, 0.05452264360915196, 0.012678670176551733] |
712.1863 | Constructing Bio-molecular Databases on a DNA-based Computer | Codd [Codd 1970] wrote the first paper in which the model of a relational
database was proposed. Adleman [Adleman 1994] wrote the first paper in which
DNA strands in a test tube were used to solve an instance of the Hamiltonian
path problem. From [Adleman 1994], it is obviously indicated that for storing
information in molecules of DNA allows for an information density of
approximately 1 bit per cubic nm (nanometer) and a dramatic improvement over
existing storage media such as video tape which store information at a density
of approximately 1 bit per 1012 cubic nanometers. This paper demonstrates that
biological operations can be applied to construct bio-molecular databases where
data records in relational tables are encoded as DNA strands. In order to
achieve the goal, DNA algorithms are proposed to perform eight operations of
relational algebra (calculus) on bio-molecular relational databases, which
include Cartesian product, union, set difference, selection, projection,
intersection, join and division. Furthermore, this work presents clear evidence
of the ability of molecular computing to perform data retrieval operations on
bio-molecular relational databases.
| cs.NE cs.DB q-bio.OT | codd codd 1970 wrote the first paper in which the model of a relational database was proposed adleman adleman 1994 wrote the first paper in which dna strands in a test tube were used to solve an instance of the hamiltonian path problem from adleman 1994 it is obviously indicated that for storing information in molecules of dna allows for an information density of approximately 1 bit per cubic nm nanometer and a dramatic improvement over existing storage media such as video tape which store information at a density of approximately 1 bit per 1012 cubic nanometers this paper demonstrates that biological operations can be applied to construct biomolecular databases where data records in relational tables are encoded as dna strands in order to achieve the goal dna algorithms are proposed to perform eight operations of relational algebra calculus on biomolecular relational databases which include cartesian product union set difference selection projection intersection join and division furthermore this work presents clear evidence of the ability of molecular computing to perform data retrieval operations on biomolecular relational databases | [['codd', 'codd', '1970', 'wrote', 'the', 'first', 'paper', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'model', 'of', 'a', 'relational', 'database', 'was', 'proposed', 'adleman', 'adleman', '1994', 'wrote', 'the', 'first', 'paper', 'in', 'which', 'dna', 'strands', 'in', 'a', 'test', 'tube', 'were', 'used', 'to', 'solve', 'an', 'instance', 'of', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'path', 'problem', 'from', 'adleman', '1994', 'it', 'is', 'obviously', 'indicated', 'that', 'for', 'storing', 'information', 'in', 'molecules', 'of', 'dna', 'allows', 'for', 'an', 'information', 'density', 'of', 'approximately', '1', 'bit', 'per', 'cubic', 'nm', 'nanometer', 'and', 'a', 'dramatic', 'improvement', 'over', 'existing', 'storage', 'media', 'such', 'as', 'video', 'tape', 'which', 'store', 'information', 'at', 'a', 'density', 'of', 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712.1864 | On endomorphism algebras of separable monoidal functors | We show that the (co)endomorphism algebra of a sufficiently separable "fibre"
functor into Vect_k, for k a field of characteristic 0, has the structure of
what we call a "unital" von Neumann core in Vect_k. For Vect_k, this particular
notion of algebra is weaker than that of a Hopf algebra, although the
corresponding concept in Set is again that of a group.
| math.CT math.QA | we show that the coendomorphism algebra of a sufficiently separable fibre functor into vect_k for k a field of characteristic 0 has the structure of what we call a unital von neumann core in vect_k for vect_k this particular notion of algebra is weaker than that of a hopf algebra although the corresponding concept in set is again that of a group | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'coendomorphism', 'algebra', 'of', 'a', 'sufficiently', 'separable', 'fibre', 'functor', 'into', 'vect_k', 'for', 'k', 'a', 'field', 'of', 'characteristic', '0', 'has', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'what', 'we', 'call', 'a', 'unital', 'von', 'neumann', 'core', 'in', 'vect_k', 'for', 'vect_k', 'this', 'particular', 'notion', 'of', 'algebra', 'is', 'weaker', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'a', 'hopf', 'algebra', 'although', 'the', 'corresponding', 'concept', 'in', 'set', 'is', 'again', 'that', 'of', 'a', 'group']] | [-0.17002138439866324, 0.10882401566824786, -0.1490775016286681, 0.026478250189909652, -0.10865144244575452, -0.15562032966033346, -0.021699420536958402, 0.3554062081703676, -0.34816139167354954, -0.1109715175153988, 0.1065138066074841, -0.20183971723365116, -0.13294124259658519, 0.19686631637535268, -0.12021487715443777, -0.09646054722308632, 0.08625425887294114, 0.17329981113453546, -0.11772437097369542, -0.17300949529218937, 0.4461080560520772, -0.02148815998507123, 0.21226675532037212, 0.007590342808755175, 0.1080243659446076, -0.009690955484045609, 0.047865018488899354, 0.08294799563384825, -0.15759766825665852, 0.08855322239199473, 0.25975695844258995, 0.1456387821855324, 0.3213958100663618, -0.3486115856156234, -0.10648408685360224, 0.1672337783891107, 0.12352218511965006, 0.033155043984973626, -0.021143582739656972, -0.2406461393580802, 0.15848433649385227, -0.2681945115327835, -0.06858626375305316, -0.022237374914825084, 0.13253734719886956, -0.0775412593577658, -0.270004801794834, 0.002739488537753782, 0.15022387031105258, 0.13630216235234852, -0.08326412768914335, -0.06696432617102419, -0.0854616078037408, 0.03793407453133935, -0.10540469571377241, 0.0571631979753053, 0.12529555856881122, -0.10309679379251095, -0.07654337134332426, 0.3491933620084197, -0.0565177423613345, -0.16879674793791868, 0.10163793270663929, -0.21739556445109268, -0.15729885740626243, 0.1025009430464237, 0.04098934160485383, 0.0888170363201249, -0.04978806740367755, 0.18904712511557004, -0.18358094816006, 0.10483309090317737, 0.05045198877492259, 0.022069193880944964, 0.10031151388501448, 0.12243581917737761, 0.10334017854784766, 0.17379448971440714, 0.03285827360025818, -0.02687948052921603, -0.3518871864784629, -0.2238825502685241, -0.12621473010644438, 0.14409737394101196, -0.0618996292788295, -0.1788708463070854, 0.3750197617487321, 0.12820809198197938, 0.18478159567401295, 0.10442143710209958, 0.19929546400183631, 0.06399476000754681, 0.13412732004578556, 0.03895998935425474, 0.16572372200748614, 0.25966657059747844, 0.024342936185759403, -0.14455445004146425, -0.01888143811975756, 0.16428675033122062] |
712.1865 | Coplanar k-unduloids are nondegenerate | We prove each embedded, constant mean curvature (CMC) surface in Euclidean
space with genus zero and finitely many coplanar ends is nondegenerate: there
is no nontrivial square-integrable solution to the Jacobi equation, the
linearization of the CMC condition. This implies that the moduli space of such
coplanar surfaces is a real-analytic manifold and that a neighborhood of these
in the full CMC moduli space is itself a manifold. Nondegeneracy further
implies (infinitesimal and local) rigidity in the sense that the asymptotes map
is an analytic immersion on these spaces, and also that the coplanar
classifying map is an analytic diffeomorphism.
| math.DG math.AP | we prove each embedded constant mean curvature cmc surface in euclidean space with genus zero and finitely many coplanar ends is nondegenerate there is no nontrivial squareintegrable solution to the jacobi equation the linearization of the cmc condition this implies that the moduli space of such coplanar surfaces is a realanalytic manifold and that a neighborhood of these in the full cmc moduli space is itself a manifold nondegeneracy further implies infinitesimal and local rigidity in the sense that the asymptotes map is an analytic immersion on these spaces and also that the coplanar classifying map is an analytic diffeomorphism | [['we', 'prove', 'each', 'embedded', 'constant', 'mean', 'curvature', 'cmc', 'surface', 'in', 'euclidean', 'space', 'with', 'genus', 'zero', 'and', 'finitely', 'many', 'coplanar', 'ends', 'is', 'nondegenerate', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'nontrivial', 'squareintegrable', 'solution', 'to', 'the', 'jacobi', 'equation', 'the', 'linearization', 'of', 'the', 'cmc', 'condition', 'this', 'implies', 'that', 'the', 'moduli', 'space', 'of', 'such', 'coplanar', 'surfaces', 'is', 'a', 'realanalytic', 'manifold', 'and', 'that', 'a', 'neighborhood', 'of', 'these', 'in', 'the', 'full', 'cmc', 'moduli', 'space', 'is', 'itself', 'a', 'manifold', 'nondegeneracy', 'further', 'implies', 'infinitesimal', 'and', 'local', 'rigidity', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'that', 'the', 'asymptotes', 'map', 'is', 'an', 'analytic', 'immersion', 'on', 'these', 'spaces', 'and', 'also', 'that', 'the', 'coplanar', 'classifying', 'map', 'is', 'an', 'analytic', 'diffeomorphism']] | [-0.249604086689651, 0.09200899311603279, -0.09395867648068816, 0.07705217388574966, -0.09772388719022274, -0.10372945089358837, -0.04160888085374609, 0.380450325794518, -0.2746340738981962, -0.17183142298832535, 0.12045382618554867, -0.26769085847772656, -0.19283420791849493, 0.17771256104577332, -0.13488418994937093, 0.041876912023872136, 0.08265511597506701, 0.08537180724553764, -0.12588157386286183, -0.2672266092803329, 0.45223614369984716, -0.057976316006388515, 0.2072622932633385, 0.05129021542961709, 0.1674705330026336, -0.02897039693314582, 0.08743937140330672, 0.0093728734870092, -0.19318114143010462, 0.10339943641796707, 0.2350649469345808, 0.0570557329733856, 0.21923782168189063, -0.36383409270085393, -0.22243533233180643, 0.20777302180285914, 0.12762840159237385, 0.015046380367130041, -0.02941729994607158, -0.27672415567823916, 0.1008391924679745, -0.039408266935497524, -0.21358586493879556, -0.09080878213222604, 0.03497256297618151, -0.05009979570284486, -0.18886502976994962, 0.022279821319680194, 0.13926469752565027, 0.09559993791393935, -0.14348867625929415, -0.020041429849807172, -0.14067350243218243, 0.09147019555326551, 0.026255627530626952, 0.13228803606703876, 0.09856713563203812, -0.03407969064777717, -0.021822385542909616, 0.32239716819487513, -0.09896752560976893, -0.301592707822565, 0.14630912367254495, -0.1589470428461209, -0.12367389529477806, 0.16700585250277072, 0.07712813191115857, 0.13960375881026266, -0.06352396438829601, 0.23436165476916357, -0.06408818989992142, 0.1284499544929713, 0.11297811546362936, -0.051183910971740264, 0.1605137428501621, 0.08921254623681307, 0.18992277380952147, 0.08978916322812439, -0.017642630233895035, -0.09541574167262297, -0.3749317692220211, -0.2542567873396911, -0.16863623241893946, 0.13778639162424952, -0.1754597563459538, -0.24781160563230514, 0.3455137720378116, 0.020992065938189627, 0.21535542817320674, 0.09666133714839815, 0.26675505270948635, 0.06642306644935161, 0.01859009037958458, 0.127370099471882, 0.22173709381837398, 0.16318555085221306, -0.0242691341182217, -0.12996908754110337, -0.04348045845516026, 0.13073853974230587] |
712.1866 | Chemical Evolution in VeLLOs | A new type of object called "Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs)" has been
discovered by the Spitzer Space Telescope. VeLLOs might be substellar objects
forming by accretion. However, some VeLLOs are associated with strong outflows,
indicating the previous existence of massive accretion. The thermal history,
which significantly affects the chemistry, between substellar objects with a
continuous low accretion rate and objects in a quiescent phase after massive
accretion (outburst) must be greatly different. In this study, the chemical
evolution has been calculated in an episodic accretion model to show that CO
and N2H+ have a relation different from starless cores or Class 0/I objects.
Furthermore, the CO2 ice feature at 15.2 micron will be a good tracer of the
thermal process in VeLLOs.
| astro-ph | a new type of object called very low luminosity objects vellos has been discovered by the spitzer space telescope vellos might be substellar objects forming by accretion however some vellos are associated with strong outflows indicating the previous existence of massive accretion the thermal history which significantly affects the chemistry between substellar objects with a continuous low accretion rate and objects in a quiescent phase after massive accretion outburst must be greatly different in this study the chemical evolution has been calculated in an episodic accretion model to show that co and n2h have a relation different from starless cores or class 0i objects furthermore the co2 ice feature at 152 micron will be a good tracer of the thermal process in vellos | [['a', 'new', 'type', 'of', 'object', 'called', 'very', 'low', 'luminosity', 'objects', 'vellos', 'has', 'been', 'discovered', 'by', 'the', 'spitzer', 'space', 'telescope', 'vellos', 'might', 'be', 'substellar', 'objects', 'forming', 'by', 'accretion', 'however', 'some', 'vellos', 'are', 'associated', 'with', 'strong', 'outflows', 'indicating', 'the', 'previous', 'existence', 'of', 'massive', 'accretion', 'the', 'thermal', 'history', 'which', 'significantly', 'affects', 'the', 'chemistry', 'between', 'substellar', 'objects', 'with', 'a', 'continuous', 'low', 'accretion', 'rate', 'and', 'objects', 'in', 'a', 'quiescent', 'phase', 'after', 'massive', 'accretion', 'outburst', 'must', 'be', 'greatly', 'different', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'the', 'chemical', 'evolution', 'has', 'been', 'calculated', 'in', 'an', 'episodic', 'accretion', 'model', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'co', 'and', 'n2h', 'have', 'a', 'relation', 'different', 'from', 'starless', 'cores', 'or', 'class', '0i', 'objects', 'furthermore', 'the', 'co2', 'ice', 'feature', 'at', '152', 'micron', 'will', 'be', 'a', 'good', 'tracer', 'of', 'the', 'thermal', 'process', 'in', 'vellos']] | [-0.05202991251617942, 0.1720015616734688, -0.0685189567824326, 0.07726089320033687, -0.10083578577325718, -0.08081628305352921, 0.03416392178373123, 0.44265702804853396, -0.18225069085847798, -0.3505225358606596, 0.11348555256173438, -0.2150476550743953, -0.045058142721304685, 0.15396449806895562, -0.07155433644699614, -0.026978135415602747, 0.08462282141379072, -0.10833303245708226, -0.05944149816083169, -0.25573111744029675, 0.3268943671761762, 0.08132402573871177, 0.12505696868387664, -0.032048332599574715, 0.07017308216905449, -0.21159979997853923, -0.06365176387570375, -0.036004988079354906, -0.13198084911414112, 0.012659515566533296, 0.27202175350148017, 0.09357604021357933, 0.2263020477976983, -0.36603840934188386, -0.2769541524244639, 0.09587834860251201, 0.1735442400970534, 0.03723806348284782, -0.05822834057915138, -0.2644117165705174, 0.08186726395903927, -0.2206339409056203, -0.12139692838205313, 0.05811269666641814, 0.09301286302052619, 0.01615972613359279, -0.20060442123993685, 0.10383707288334645, 0.045144502750249595, 0.06939368963627736, -0.1582498531220708, -0.0946946002588403, -0.1237026398056906, 0.06447996039178253, 0.007280593060053567, 0.0864609534288113, 0.22608800052203298, -0.19348350405594622, -0.05745532523416649, 0.38478476363347797, -0.07831461618586284, -0.020228926152960073, 0.3391353915013918, -0.2204114985538692, -0.22364476023287308, 0.23533566606541476, 0.14222990558672, 0.16426292691016342, -0.16898809985174396, -0.005990283896415911, -0.05196870766046298, 0.19732223030338744, 0.04866749360566822, 0.09189481799664899, 0.4235983789194284, 0.14125564725827275, -0.00019454838503606435, 0.16246498647577515, -0.1960616123723434, -0.06717663718864503, -0.1645434356552011, -0.15979993921076138, -0.126512973501188, 0.09583250525392349, -0.13365163230237823, -0.09893888303237718, 0.25370427523171757, 0.08509733888218407, 0.23591788753685428, 0.016098367749728504, 0.2646774701713546, 0.09114652695285717, 0.12408290897321896, 0.13962187372882495, 0.31451434958314456, 0.1190719056223345, 0.1544272937562044, -0.2403241938975738, 0.13701054522373934, 0.03240954134295263] |
712.1867 | Poisson Matching | Suppose that red and blue points occur as independent homogeneous Poisson
processes in R^d. We investigate translation-invariant schemes for perfectly
matching the red points to the blue points. For any such scheme in dimensions
d=1,2, the matching distance X from a typical point to its partner must have
infinite d/2-th moment, while in dimensions d>=3 there exist schemes where X
has finite exponential moments. The Gale-Shapley stable marriage is one natural
matching scheme, obtained by iteratively matching mutually closest pairs. A
principal result of this paper is a power law upper bound on the matching
distance X for this scheme. A power law lower bound holds also. In particular,
stable marriage is close to optimal (in tail behavior) in d=1, but far from
optimal in d>=3. For the problem of matching Poisson points of a single color
to each other, in d=1 there exist schemes where X has finite exponential
moments, but if we insist that the matching is a deterministic factor of the
point process then X must have infinite mean.
| math.PR | suppose that red and blue points occur as independent homogeneous poisson processes in rd we investigate translationinvariant schemes for perfectly matching the red points to the blue points for any such scheme in dimensions d12 the matching distance x from a typical point to its partner must have infinite d2th moment while in dimensions d3 there exist schemes where x has finite exponential moments the galeshapley stable marriage is one natural matching scheme obtained by iteratively matching mutually closest pairs a principal result of this paper is a power law upper bound on the matching distance x for this scheme a power law lower bound holds also in particular stable marriage is close to optimal in tail behavior in d1 but far from optimal in d3 for the problem of matching poisson points of a single color to each other in d1 there exist schemes where x has finite exponential moments but if we insist that the matching is a deterministic factor of the point process then x must have infinite mean | [['suppose', 'that', 'red', 'and', 'blue', 'points', 'occur', 'as', 'independent', 'homogeneous', 'poisson', 'processes', 'in', 'rd', 'we', 'investigate', 'translationinvariant', 'schemes', 'for', 'perfectly', 'matching', 'the', 'red', 'points', 'to', 'the', 'blue', 'points', 'for', 'any', 'such', 'scheme', 'in', 'dimensions', 'd12', 'the', 'matching', 'distance', 'x', 'from', 'a', 'typical', 'point', 'to', 'its', 'partner', 'must', 'have', 'infinite', 'd2th', 'moment', 'while', 'in', 'dimensions', 'd3', 'there', 'exist', 'schemes', 'where', 'x', 'has', 'finite', 'exponential', 'moments', 'the', 'galeshapley', 'stable', 'marriage', 'is', 'one', 'natural', 'matching', 'scheme', 'obtained', 'by', 'iteratively', 'matching', 'mutually', 'closest', 'pairs', 'a', 'principal', 'result', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'upper', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'matching', 'distance', 'x', 'for', 'this', 'scheme', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'lower', 'bound', 'holds', 'also', 'in', 'particular', 'stable', 'marriage', 'is', 'close', 'to', 'optimal', 'in', 'tail', 'behavior', 'in', 'd1', 'but', 'far', 'from', 'optimal', 'in', 'd3', 'for', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'matching', 'poisson', 'points', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'color', 'to', 'each', 'other', 'in', 'd1', 'there', 'exist', 'schemes', 'where', 'x', 'has', 'finite', 'exponential', 'moments', 'but', 'if', 'we', 'insist', 'that', 'the', 'matching', 'is', 'a', 'deterministic', 'factor', 'of', 'the', 'point', 'process', 'then', 'x', 'must', 'have', 'infinite', 'mean']] | [-0.13624830892696235, 0.12670987527490707, -0.1153960495544543, 0.05502402919522844, -0.022291975978173707, -0.19852844758738072, 0.11113345710395928, 0.39565209206704277, -0.245251570038541, -0.21059378317137908, 0.09617255220723431, -0.2945947693606392, -0.10400289293836083, 0.13511086141490833, -0.09343282402661895, 0.03885593400874627, 0.010100940265556612, 0.10656968109331459, -0.03644101547992282, -0.282845987486299, 0.3116454787617713, -0.03220656247297574, 0.28869977622695964, -0.0008306109260669665, 0.11784750305399386, -0.019494700852825106, 0.02367895459946877, 0.017166013239844763, -0.13164080498232547, 0.07507208046572805, 0.24335266971056574, 0.08475820832556129, 0.24725050658902578, -0.3395078811925231, -0.16664877154575716, 0.20940954907530407, 0.15994456104324226, 0.0737688129710589, -0.05886520909714616, -0.19203795298215068, 0.15355319754160635, -0.10057513189246083, -0.16038983314616703, -0.004424871615411942, 0.08383436144291483, 0.015371980367171202, -0.3368667100300217, 0.05305568089508533, 0.10414311574085762, 0.03245822757830413, -0.0061878528866688145, -0.13853776280915267, -0.01869784259613146, 0.11355067449839709, 0.01335256071798694, 0.052987716590974766, 0.045648039676547215, -0.083301778641061, -0.1331535585943544, 0.3818642834626269, -0.057246014995266256, -0.19020452535553287, 0.15060220940899083, -0.16014724674400443, -0.15247846036408727, 0.13454349330974993, 0.13559871102133167, 0.16267019372655703, -0.09871773843855014, 0.14546101804576236, -0.09642238612695221, 0.15191696064270302, 0.13996272446446076, 0.036841390126150605, 0.179551580106589, 0.10641761260973126, 0.17545218178348845, 0.11168573971610375, -0.0513800864655263, -0.11305298138551458, -0.3017195548143303, -0.10424253959358501, -0.2025830873713028, 0.057399468945764136, -0.1501054389167227, -0.18527553859575277, 0.29745393288163935, 0.0836781747189857, 0.22655271953897693, 0.04111910818896273, 0.2978953087991049, 0.1537552157312098, 0.009360790391566983, 0.13258782933268368, 0.19402223936559862, 0.0853686489080411, 0.01105260199932545, -0.14144585733315554, 0.0345184245195828, 0.12947613721147005] |
712.1868 | Parameterization studies of the properties of the X-ray dips for Low
Mass X-ray binary X1916-053 | The ultra-compact Low Mass X-ray Binary (LMXB) X1916-053, composed of a
neutron star and a semi-degenerated white dwarf, exhibits periodic X-ray dips
with variable width and depth. We have developed new methods to parameterize
the dip to systematically study its variations. This helps to further
understand binary and accretion disk behaviors. The RXTE 1998 observations
clearly show a 4.87d periodic variation of the dip width. This is probably due
to the nodal precession of the accretion disk, although there are no
significant sidebands in the spectrum from the epoch folding search. From the
negative superhump model (Larwood et. al. 1996), the mass ratio can be
estimated as q = 0.045. Combined with more than 24 years of historical data, we
found an orbital period derivative of $\dot{P}_{orb}/P_{orb}=(1.62 \pm
0.48)\times 10^{-7} yr^{-1}$ and established a quadratic ephemeris for the
X-ray dips. The period derivative seems inconsistent with the prediction of the
standard model of binary orbital evolution proposed by Rappaport et. al.
(1987). On the other hand, the radiation-driven model (Tavani et. al. 1991) may
properly interpret the period derivative even though the large mass outflow
predicted by this model has never been observed in this system. With the best
ephemeris, we obtained that the standard deviation of primary dips are smaller
than that of secondary dips. This means that the primary dips are more stable
than the secondary dips. Thus, we conclude that the primary dips of X1916-053
occur from the bulge at the rim instead of the ring of the disk proposed by
Frank et. al. (1987).
| astro-ph | the ultracompact low mass xray binary lmxb x1916053 composed of a neutron star and a semidegenerated white dwarf exhibits periodic xray dips with variable width and depth we have developed new methods to parameterize the dip to systematically study its variations this helps to further understand binary and accretion disk behaviors the rxte 1998 observations clearly show a 487d periodic variation of the dip width this is probably due to the nodal precession of the accretion disk although there are no significant sidebands in the spectrum from the epoch folding search from the negative superhump model larwood et al 1996 the mass ratio can be estimated as q 0045 combined with more than 24 years of historical data we found an orbital period derivative of dotp_orbp_orb162 pm 048times 107 yr1 and established a quadratic ephemeris for the xray dips the period derivative seems inconsistent with the prediction of the standard model of binary orbital evolution proposed by rappaport et al 1987 on the other hand the radiationdriven model tavani et al 1991 may properly interpret the period derivative even though the large mass outflow predicted by this model has never been observed in this system with the best ephemeris we obtained that the standard deviation of primary dips are smaller than that of secondary dips this means that the primary dips are more stable than the secondary dips thus we conclude that the primary dips of x1916053 occur from the bulge at the rim instead of the ring of the disk proposed by frank et al 1987 | [['the', 'ultracompact', 'low', 'mass', 'xray', 'binary', 'lmxb', 'x1916053', 'composed', 'of', 'a', 'neutron', 'star', 'and', 'a', 'semidegenerated', 'white', 'dwarf', 'exhibits', 'periodic', 'xray', 'dips', 'with', 'variable', 'width', 'and', 'depth', 'we', 'have', 'developed', 'new', 'methods', 'to', 'parameterize', 'the', 'dip', 'to', 'systematically', 'study', 'its', 'variations', 'this', 'helps', 'to', 'further', 'understand', 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712.1869 | Two-connected graphs with prescribed three-connected components | We adapt the classical 3-decomposition of any 2-connected graph to the case
of simple graphs (no loops or multiple edges). By analogy with the
block-cutpoint tree of a connected graph, we deduce from this decomposition a
bicolored tree tc(g) associated with any 2-connected graph g, whose white
vertices are the 3-components of g (3-connected components or polygons) and
whose black vertices are bonds linking together these 3-components, arising
from separating pairs of vertices of g. Two fundamental relationships on graphs
and networks follow from this construction. The first one is a dissymmetry
theorem which leads to the expression of the class B=B(F) of 2-connected
graphs, all of whose 3-connected components belong to a given class F of
3-connected graphs, in terms of various rootings of B. The second one is a
functional equation which characterizes the corresponding class R=R(F) of
two-pole networks all of whose 3-connected components are in F. All the
rootings of B are then expressed in terms of F and R. There follow
corresponding identities for all the associated series, in particular the edge
index series. Numerous enumerative consequences are discussed.
| math.CO cs.DM | we adapt the classical 3decomposition of any 2connected graph to the case of simple graphs no loops or multiple edges by analogy with the blockcutpoint tree of a connected graph we deduce from this decomposition a bicolored tree tcg associated with any 2connected graph g whose white vertices are the 3components of g 3connected components or polygons and whose black vertices are bonds linking together these 3components arising from separating pairs of vertices of g two fundamental relationships on graphs and networks follow from this construction the first one is a dissymmetry theorem which leads to the expression of the class bbf of 2connected graphs all of whose 3connected components belong to a given class f of 3connected graphs in terms of various rootings of b the second one is a functional equation which characterizes the corresponding class rrf of twopole networks all of whose 3connected components are in f all the rootings of b are then expressed in terms of f and r there follow corresponding identities for all the associated series in particular the edge index series numerous enumerative consequences are discussed | [['we', 'adapt', 'the', 'classical', '3decomposition', 'of', 'any', '2connected', 'graph', 'to', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'simple', 'graphs', 'no', 'loops', 'or', 'multiple', 'edges', 'by', 'analogy', 'with', 'the', 'blockcutpoint', 'tree', 'of', 'a', 'connected', 'graph', 'we', 'deduce', 'from', 'this', 'decomposition', 'a', 'bicolored', 'tree', 'tcg', 'associated', 'with', 'any', '2connected', 'graph', 'g', 'whose', 'white', 'vertices', 'are', 'the', '3components', 'of', 'g', '3connected', 'components', 'or', 'polygons', 'and', 'whose', 'black', 'vertices', 'are', 'bonds', 'linking', 'together', 'these', '3components', 'arising', 'from', 'separating', 'pairs', 'of', 'vertices', 'of', 'g', 'two', 'fundamental', 'relationships', 'on', 'graphs', 'and', 'networks', 'follow', 'from', 'this', 'construction', 'the', 'first', 'one', 'is', 'a', 'dissymmetry', 'theorem', 'which', 'leads', 'to', 'the', 'expression', 'of', 'the', 'class', 'bbf', 'of', '2connected', 'graphs', 'all', 'of', 'whose', '3connected', 'components', 'belong', 'to', 'a', 'given', 'class', 'f', 'of', '3connected', 'graphs', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'various', 'rootings', 'of', 'b', 'the', 'second', 'one', 'is', 'a', 'functional', 'equation', 'which', 'characterizes', 'the', 'corresponding', 'class', 'rrf', 'of', 'twopole', 'networks', 'all', 'of', 'whose', '3connected', 'components', 'are', 'in', 'f', 'all', 'the', 'rootings', 'of', 'b', 'are', 'then', 'expressed', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'f', 'and', 'r', 'there', 'follow', 'corresponding', 'identities', 'for', 'all', 'the', 'associated', 'series', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'edge', 'index', 'series', 'numerous', 'enumerative', 'consequences', 'are', 'discussed']] | [-0.19642113781320816, 0.10013000290273746, -0.027363901479200942, 0.01516654948032768, -0.10833248397720426, -0.1440844994907231, 0.020060620900873075, 0.35383768529532345, -0.2721759943426821, -0.3006404798696411, 0.07494240734588313, -0.318138416684831, -0.17883948168805774, 0.13399938289500454, -0.07130888624080357, -0.006336529917401058, 0.10606996445557591, 0.1076030423315164, 0.012601025839591159, -0.22884187606464443, 0.350650919761311, -0.10109545236229689, 0.15524176320362856, 0.027247320223266685, 0.09341647999891856, 0.023652936701335055, -0.028096838089424137, 0.06139564945482175, -0.13456037600509116, 0.1455435656614643, 0.25691201208242576, 0.11814881626558205, 0.19037075951460822, -0.3958353680823852, -0.15709530350257248, 0.21825650203244645, 0.08704989584417774, 0.027761704523855166, 0.04799461767956089, -0.21717801737318118, 0.12091470955137434, -0.12487627906912116, -0.10214292432322016, 0.0065533876274036, 0.0803920257857392, 0.051091701832896505, -0.2500762281075703, 0.006042462914099906, 0.14157256250810815, 0.03160367256248963, 0.027440957090291897, -0.16295942799422328, -0.09927092351646334, 0.14116754044919125, -0.041143798872870105, 0.06861402257995981, 0.0471705517018807, -0.11453427477901042, -0.17529436545550572, 0.38098531060848206, -0.023049426592844823, -0.16867503734870018, 0.16170783323761304, -0.13571168879546516, -0.21718125694363727, 0.1294954213152468, 0.12561425343337962, 0.1599713964543862, -0.13933049769312475, 0.14166032502527853, -0.0845431016716461, 0.07191077260854628, 0.14529775685302954, 0.0012530151139372471, 0.18335210115326225, 0.06371168539125743, 0.0900754881556508, 0.1876493338235347, 0.032161447303447686, -0.014839832556522426, -0.3261287650903141, -0.10860931115012289, -0.21170860770361383, 0.06363025222847749, -0.18798901211099983, -0.2544393929348499, 0.4466083894312049, 0.062186262925095624, 0.20443762963970696, 0.11685806951048529, 0.18907554742136148, 0.07615189264559671, 0.07474551560661584, 0.14036134990223542, 0.12720949872391685, 0.21780908415120032, -0.02858229419060426, -0.12988883368270965, 0.04568843495792725, 0.14844497570159257] |
712.187 | Duality Theorem and Hom Functor in Braided Tensor Categories | Blatter-Montgomery duality theorem is generalized into braided tensor
categories. It is shown that $Hom(V,W)$ is a braided Yetter-Drinfeld module for
any two braided Yetter-Drinfeld modules $V$ and $W$.
| math.QA | blattermontgomery duality theorem is generalized into braided tensor categories it is shown that homvw is a braided yetterdrinfeld module for any two braided yetterdrinfeld modules v and w | [['blattermontgomery', 'duality', 'theorem', 'is', 'generalized', 'into', 'braided', 'tensor', 'categories', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'homvw', 'is', 'a', 'braided', 'yetterdrinfeld', 'module', 'for', 'any', 'two', 'braided', 'yetterdrinfeld', 'modules', 'v', 'and', 'w']] | [-0.2125801582274457, 0.12955896513393292, -0.03521760248650725, 0.10498589742480992, -0.16737460638754642, -0.32469080085866153, -0.1657283429701168, 0.46808745282200664, -0.49051133220872056, -0.049365430139005184, 0.017583867937971193, -0.1427798128257004, -0.14023397461726114, 0.15779550273257953, -0.1894444735864034, -0.17891754847593033, 0.2024196916474746, 0.1799311159680096, -0.07863370783161372, -0.2550285423461061, 0.48786806114591086, -0.024644850130873516, 0.37037136013476324, 0.04663022158022683, 0.21970316001142448, 0.030745310690970376, -0.02555579735109439, -0.0059789420965199284, -0.04890442887783418, 0.034905002595713504, 0.37959118825025284, 0.05034563790720243, 0.16188792167947844, -0.2577453855281839, -0.03162954557830325, 0.17218765465972516, 0.09017996991035314, -0.05188564055312712, 0.0376944260743375, -0.3432978541375353, 0.18515950269423997, -0.4671937311068177, 0.04476706608413504, -0.08090383803042081, 0.21470061159477785, -0.11975035862997174, -0.32774885571919954, -0.03343827420702347, 0.17336837897220483, 0.029191568198327262, -0.18619516191001123, -0.060556835817316405, -0.1289720478324363, 0.03701024543708907, -0.18671996073904806, 0.06756035879684183, 0.17030908618695462, -0.12196443566622642, -0.19027848570392683, 0.3072823082598356, -0.018424534453795507, -0.2493242293309707, 0.12251907135718144, -0.06237874828422299, -0.13556468726780552, 0.06112030147610662, -0.11812631305880271, 0.049525780245088614, -0.08208881959748957, 0.23827313631549119, -0.21213229645330173, -0.05380796453055854, 0.08455815108922812, 0.007147613715810271, 0.14194146708513683, 0.0701744518457697, 0.003638282633171632, 0.17912602195372948, 0.04137061708248579, 0.04768643298974404, -0.41825288992661697, -0.3227043024335916, 0.02848873445047782, 0.12699335107866389, -0.0619654054210584, -0.14433796575198918, 0.3938924836424681, 0.07160355037866303, 0.08065862989706847, 0.12899420825907817, 0.1711562702503915, 0.016338119856440105, 0.2103495177669594, 0.10063570227402334, 0.14752895162942317, 0.4909120975062251, -0.0012326854675148542, 0.10178058759237711, -0.1322326834600132, 0.34136645008738226] |
712.1871 | Were All Massive Stars Born in OB Associations and Clusters? | It has been commonly conjectured that all massive >10 Msun stars are born in
OB associations or clusters. Many O and B stars in the Galaxy or the Magellanic
Clouds appear to exist in isolation, however. While some of these field OB
stars have been ejected from their birthplaces, some are too far away from
massive star forming regions to be runaways. Can massive stars form in
isolation? The Spitzer survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (aka SAGE) provides
a unique opportunity for us to investigate and characterize the formation sites
of massive stars for an entire galaxy. We have identified all massive young
stellar objects (YSOs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We find that ~85% of the
massive YSOs are in giant molecular clouds and ~65% are in OB associations.
Only ~7% of the massive YSOs are neither in OB associations nor in giant
molecular clouds. This fraction of isolated massive stars in the Large
Magellanic Cloud is comparable to the 5-10% found in the Galaxy.
| astro-ph | it has been commonly conjectured that all massive 10 msun stars are born in ob associations or clusters many o and b stars in the galaxy or the magellanic clouds appear to exist in isolation however while some of these field ob stars have been ejected from their birthplaces some are too far away from massive star forming regions to be runaways can massive stars form in isolation the spitzer survey of the large magellanic cloud aka sage provides a unique opportunity for us to investigate and characterize the formation sites of massive stars for an entire galaxy we have identified all massive young stellar objects ysos in the large magellanic cloud we find that 85 of the massive ysos are in giant molecular clouds and 65 are in ob associations only 7 of the massive ysos are neither in ob associations nor in giant molecular clouds this fraction of isolated massive stars in the large magellanic cloud is comparable to the 510 found in the galaxy | [['it', 'has', 'been', 'commonly', 'conjectured', 'that', 'all', 'massive', '10', 'msun', 'stars', 'are', 'born', 'in', 'ob', 'associations', 'or', 'clusters', 'many', 'o', 'and', 'b', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'galaxy', 'or', 'the', 'magellanic', 'clouds', 'appear', 'to', 'exist', 'in', 'isolation', 'however', 'while', 'some', 'of', 'these', 'field', 'ob', 'stars', 'have', 'been', 'ejected', 'from', 'their', 'birthplaces', 'some', 'are', 'too', 'far', 'away', 'from', 'massive', 'star', 'forming', 'regions', 'to', 'be', 'runaways', 'can', 'massive', 'stars', 'form', 'in', 'isolation', 'the', 'spitzer', 'survey', 'of', 'the', 'large', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'aka', 'sage', 'provides', 'a', 'unique', 'opportunity', 'for', 'us', 'to', 'investigate', 'and', 'characterize', 'the', 'formation', 'sites', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'for', 'an', 'entire', 'galaxy', 'we', 'have', 'identified', 'all', 'massive', 'young', 'stellar', 'objects', 'ysos', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'we', 'find', 'that', '85', 'of', 'the', 'massive', 'ysos', 'are', 'in', 'giant', 'molecular', 'clouds', 'and', '65', 'are', 'in', 'ob', 'associations', 'only', '7', 'of', 'the', 'massive', 'ysos', 'are', 'neither', 'in', 'ob', 'associations', 'nor', 'in', 'giant', 'molecular', 'clouds', 'this', 'fraction', 'of', 'isolated', 'massive', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'is', 'comparable', 'to', 'the', '510', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'galaxy']] | [-0.11657004560550262, 0.12029301900840797, -0.03597507895873915, 0.1355627697289846, -0.11172851602111881, 0.01942813968910518, 0.10539763458742353, 0.40843172420463164, -0.1266029576832306, -0.3768281009895894, 0.02076372653169245, -0.2922061762053096, -0.022648224647541692, 0.14638073964624437, -0.055113653061231095, -0.084518894770679, 0.1331410982595857, -0.044685114916793243, 0.04687128454575058, -0.3309383420440965, 0.31653276369711775, 0.00040602031537515675, 0.08408019490941555, -0.07552030218854368, 0.00294659931971106, -0.2153158085392844, -0.07377517393171162, -0.044146406018136145, -0.11101090086912974, 0.05504940822676959, 0.24792481511189954, 0.18695772165700258, 0.25689086103867625, -0.38290359216468955, -0.18871631823245905, 0.06854703029740357, 0.31378146256794204, 0.04656224922433183, -0.09093977668752035, -0.2776062022002336, 0.1671466987501986, -0.20953229270473925, -0.2153626999770386, 0.06601073913287349, 0.0759257753986118, 0.09043288867938762, -0.19202524660542764, 0.12478651735836829, -0.033096380007570377, 0.11475195731789231, -0.10583111855430072, -0.13095001811942386, -0.05379654140027608, 0.1184577366621596, -0.00709659403362897, 0.09060330611017872, 0.16931738466314392, -0.21183610675176104, 0.023491721628178024, 0.4425714231224474, -0.020023963573070878, -0.0036558240629777222, 0.3424113209381655, -0.24136598464687115, -0.24942276801239185, 0.16036173201118692, 0.15627039859104835, 0.1798790029032591, -0.2621676679310238, 0.04833411893139532, -0.04828385053994413, 0.13998593999669626, 0.09034720296597855, 0.13095919465990166, 0.3695711554892495, 0.06815875082243301, -0.011698470771951255, 0.11904397432784365, -0.2634716374844223, -0.14028386088801983, -0.14802408626046545, -0.14468494729099873, -0.12140494837386612, 0.07909537930957189, -0.13299409313725857, -0.13154241385505275, 0.2030536358615573, 0.07188633354213424, 0.18338875531798932, -0.005574608137998396, 0.26413776636302116, 0.02786176693751226, 0.22514828451258034, 0.20267842345296622, 0.3198762229287545, 0.16664985777297153, 0.06513274691421762, -0.19035674764288166, 0.07335354456598564, -0.05104272732578084] |
712.1872 | Supercritical general branching processes conditioned on extinction are
subcritical | It is well known that a simple, supercritical Bienaym\'e-Galton-Watson
process turns into a subcritical such process, if conditioned to die out. We
prove that the corresponding holds true for general, multi-type branching,
where child-bearing may occur at different ages, life span may depend upon
reproduction, and the whole course of events is thus affected by conditioning
upon extinction.
| math.PR | it is well known that a simple supercritical bienaymegaltonwatson process turns into a subcritical such process if conditioned to die out we prove that the corresponding holds true for general multitype branching where childbearing may occur at different ages life span may depend upon reproduction and the whole course of events is thus affected by conditioning upon extinction | [['it', 'is', 'well', 'known', 'that', 'a', 'simple', 'supercritical', 'bienaymegaltonwatson', 'process', 'turns', 'into', 'a', 'subcritical', 'such', 'process', 'if', 'conditioned', 'to', 'die', 'out', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'corresponding', 'holds', 'true', 'for', 'general', 'multitype', 'branching', 'where', 'childbearing', 'may', 'occur', 'at', 'different', 'ages', 'life', 'span', 'may', 'depend', 'upon', 'reproduction', 'and', 'the', 'whole', 'course', 'of', 'events', 'is', 'thus', 'affected', 'by', 'conditioning', 'upon', 'extinction']] | [-0.028215374906972887, 0.24786159727553805, -0.08148819787411726, 0.102196826975191, -0.0773476470534786, -0.16292059219217506, 0.11539451606924934, 0.3428524699190567, -0.25262550921339927, -0.1972765708021049, 0.13240498663247402, -0.21605931802859513, -0.1285911481185206, 0.22141663985455345, -0.09721836414798324, -0.01889552730376479, 0.10149198986493566, 0.050598826114859045, 0.035722892482540215, -0.28810807248449016, 0.3057192812577404, 0.02090775390187728, 0.25506339817918067, 0.05039235808187092, 0.10496876973273425, 0.030470560601880324, -0.05257432145500106, -0.006789270908860811, -0.14353005841082356, -0.061815093788278194, 0.23218978353743924, 0.16536980380448674, 0.2700144101961933, -0.37617304050042455, -0.18790472926700424, 0.17350721396385402, 0.21010245183675452, 0.08643779537544169, 0.059944000034914194, -0.2555295507552038, 0.07405112186800046, -0.10098141046032182, -0.1460456347879793, 0.013086581988067463, 0.08221204348454444, 0.05180488073202814, -0.3080219042904932, 0.1282024647205554, 0.1248280174151095, -0.0038411373047736183, -0.028515578889898186, -0.13234251538283545, -0.08893162186723202, 0.16992188214549217, -0.002818581637131564, -0.022589123655805076, 0.21681955085810403, -0.07531451930067148, -0.03911830640622768, 0.36570367565507006, -0.012123023697721034, -0.13516418488118156, 0.22089739708663447, -0.18805371755573513, -0.1862951576818134, 0.15648568860769016, 0.1670258273531137, 0.10750508491463702, -0.1245566670108458, 0.04735248665835162, -0.004059931889561744, 0.12040968179895446, 0.11959145859020345, -0.06032851393282381, 0.20907723709162132, 0.21248353725491925, 0.07670693912198125, 0.0858473896635054, 0.0005863700222609372, -0.1602806546765476, -0.2940919713341984, -0.12941723907816, -0.13910928495420977, 0.16983509745352485, -0.10033552727540594, -0.17612168037107792, 0.2967811882182763, 0.1455330738259865, 0.22992217722188296, 0.10828223437520451, 0.1799382323174384, 0.15996965873536878, 0.06452869463326602, 0.042107513784591495, 0.19188638757272014, 0.07393068197616857, 0.08131357607359452, -0.12535679755844817, 0.21881103901802723, 0.036584171225670085] |
712.1873 | Shape invariance method for quintom model in the bent brane background | In the present paper, we study the braneworld scenarios in the presence of
quintom dark energy coupled by gravity. The first-order formalism for the bent
brane (for both de Sitter and anti-de Sitter geometry), leads us to discuss the
shape invariance method in the bent brane systems. So, by using the
fluctuations of metric and quintom fields we obtain the Schrodinger equation.
Then we factorize the corresponding Hamiltonian in terms of multiplication of
the first-order differential operators. These first-order operators lead us to
obtain the energy spectrum with the help of shape invariance method.
| hep-th | in the present paper we study the braneworld scenarios in the presence of quintom dark energy coupled by gravity the firstorder formalism for the bent brane for both de sitter and antide sitter geometry leads us to discuss the shape invariance method in the bent brane systems so by using the fluctuations of metric and quintom fields we obtain the schrodinger equation then we factorize the corresponding hamiltonian in terms of multiplication of the firstorder differential operators these firstorder operators lead us to obtain the energy spectrum with the help of shape invariance method | [['in', 'the', 'present', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'braneworld', 'scenarios', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'quintom', 'dark', 'energy', 'coupled', 'by', 'gravity', 'the', 'firstorder', 'formalism', 'for', 'the', 'bent', 'brane', 'for', 'both', 'de', 'sitter', 'and', 'antide', 'sitter', 'geometry', 'leads', 'us', 'to', 'discuss', 'the', 'shape', 'invariance', 'method', 'in', 'the', 'bent', 'brane', 'systems', 'so', 'by', 'using', 'the', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'metric', 'and', 'quintom', 'fields', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'schrodinger', 'equation', 'then', 'we', 'factorize', 'the', 'corresponding', 'hamiltonian', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'multiplication', 'of', 'the', 'firstorder', 'differential', 'operators', 'these', 'firstorder', 'operators', 'lead', 'us', 'to', 'obtain', 'the', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'shape', 'invariance', 'method']] | [-0.1224619901164415, 0.08696952566350909, -0.1329914957800127, 0.10859316459638958, -0.11018089321937333, -0.12495603067602248, -0.07007364407330355, 0.30318866098458147, -0.22067585468609283, -0.2920905932328327, 0.04687367938706612, -0.2562679269007702, -0.1467387603714745, 0.11897858123275194, -0.038128112185191604, 0.06679735681973398, -0.019802076192176405, 0.026360526443161864, -0.09469414307077, -0.2115206555958758, 0.42730660490850186, 0.06287935633767158, 0.26604521414265037, 3.8160387664399246e-05, 0.10171524553678613, 0.0031405723891518218, 0.005735690447878331, 0.011746612253618683, -0.19761454419510321, 0.12205712110834553, 0.19725202428464322, 0.10117195388104053, 0.148143557863845, -0.44846627353987795, -0.21492195980464843, 0.12834133126554972, 0.1499671249927834, 0.16413467908476262, -0.03965192352560289, -0.3504742271009278, 0.01724680192134482, -0.18748750725879948, -0.17423614057553735, -0.12523321215400196, -0.06116617377352049, -0.025983084154196402, -0.20478071851972887, 0.11878343125151351, 0.04996965895530748, -0.03558088491294295, -0.1278582120046733, -0.01662418132083134, -0.020498581849870846, 0.03315378674504129, 0.08827599655202728, -0.009819041632928271, 0.1020612603925327, -0.13123291559911215, -0.10849971777977462, 0.3736665642404176, -0.11299415528427492, -0.24627171573724518, 0.1020365075797754, -0.16027044807065358, -0.11129587900606876, 0.0957308904505632, 0.17462912461462807, 0.17554726981696614, -0.1286109739894721, 0.24356601304409312, 0.04854535349852782, 0.12686822598582095, 0.1262940771263489, 0.03518449683534972, 0.2320833700768491, 0.06743385578366987, 0.07760377001869394, 0.18131043027313623, -0.015919520291797024, -0.15361999996759473, -0.37708370684784775, -0.19018068883362618, -0.08166227178608483, 0.03188114072334893, -0.15741239863099837, -0.20130586843105389, 0.41827904397344334, 0.13717851784833252, 0.1706756258264501, 0.037677268158307575, 0.22142864276278526, 0.16157718497189752, 0.02961942764553935, 0.05302832713053423, 0.2694106749060782, 0.1499832993561521, 0.1609243141422841, -0.28397332656474666, -0.09965329307151284, 0.12253419174119196] |
712.1874 | On localizing subcategories of derived categories | Let A be a commutative noetherian ring. In this paper, we interpret
localizing subcategories of the derived category of A by using subsets of Spec
A and subcategories of the category of A-modules. We unify theorems of Gabriel,
Neeman and Krause.
| math.AC math.RA | let a be a commutative noetherian ring in this paper we interpret localizing subcategories of the derived category of a by using subsets of spec a and subcategories of the category of amodules we unify theorems of gabriel neeman and krause | [['let', 'a', 'be', 'a', 'commutative', 'noetherian', 'ring', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'interpret', 'localizing', 'subcategories', 'of', 'the', 'derived', 'category', 'of', 'a', 'by', 'using', 'subsets', 'of', 'spec', 'a', 'and', 'subcategories', 'of', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'amodules', 'we', 'unify', 'theorems', 'of', 'gabriel', 'neeman', 'and', 'krause']] | [-0.16087614049817003, -0.08272174055256494, -0.11439460070758331, 0.05057456088536305, -0.048731300911707125, -0.12548025002385058, -0.021704555895156796, 0.33921937190177964, -0.4517643013741912, -0.12177342953296696, 0.06470185353295742, -0.19785328091281215, -0.023451866354884172, 0.16320033399842498, -0.30548083827626415, -0.18261371802811216, 0.05810567048923453, 0.047881076112389565, -0.007772625810125979, -0.2605602146557918, 0.48855396396503215, -0.02805386165088815, 0.18061185419196035, 0.02829996419207352, 0.1191409539613055, 0.010648328402056926, -0.05135169691156324, 0.11754816808601523, -0.20121139781435998, 0.18245240087371048, 0.4064232399630383, 0.09260621326180493, 0.23593286097208718, -0.33270926393068784, -0.04816724827921972, 0.21696583227050015, 0.16250259758586563, -0.008036266603484386, -0.0171889002639346, -0.3883342175040303, 0.204589068162732, -0.31784934291570655, -0.04717486048480723, -0.05303439961337462, 0.13143563629468766, 0.06829754927581767, -0.3012756003271334, -0.04781701108554333, 0.11075769205827539, 0.18243333947186063, -0.14384726429267264, -0.017414687791975532, -0.05895417491428372, 0.05622270503422109, -0.1193098270039006, 0.022710938029354664, 0.1265250550719296, -0.10789782856591046, -0.1746490926186486, 0.34469937305988335, -0.07467459475553435, -0.19302355707055185, 0.13932338728932891, -0.13606800848799872, -0.07993532445781477, 0.07571136506228912, -0.026203583017355057, 0.20569674782000663, -0.05859490429482809, 0.27443142841490575, -0.26085593249285366, 0.02647703840601735, 0.1369800485852288, 0.06730718933409308, 0.15835745887058536, 0.14276312559377402, -0.0729430469268331, 0.19316427173127035, -0.0030046582858010034, 0.07651188379017318, -0.35200455534930636, -0.17910537230441484, -0.06942857983635693, 0.16071760965647494, -0.06569648066055733, -0.12526873830796742, 0.4712348828864534, 0.18843294305318012, 0.19588951248584724, 0.18957207969776013, 0.1778423726990274, -0.07407974606243575, 0.04126026734664309, 0.039743300254752, 0.07724393804262324, 0.33698011244783493, -0.039146717864929174, -0.011430057197264054, -0.09341491338592477, 0.273304642768713] |
712.1875 | Critique du rapport signal \`a bruit en th\'eorie de l'information -- A
critical appraisal of the signal to noise ratio in information theory | The signal to noise ratio, which plays such an important role in information
theory, is shown to become pointless in digital communications where - symbols
are modulating carriers, which are solutions of linear differential equations
with polynomial coefficients, - demodulations is achieved thanks to new
algebraic estimation techniques. Operational calculus, differential algebra and
nonstandard analysis are the main mathematical tools.
| cs.IT math.IT math.LO math.PR math.RA quant-ph | the signal to noise ratio which plays such an important role in information theory is shown to become pointless in digital communications where symbols are modulating carriers which are solutions of linear differential equations with polynomial coefficients demodulations is achieved thanks to new algebraic estimation techniques operational calculus differential algebra and nonstandard analysis are the main mathematical tools | [['the', 'signal', 'to', 'noise', 'ratio', 'which', 'plays', 'such', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'in', 'information', 'theory', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'become', 'pointless', 'in', 'digital', 'communications', 'where', 'symbols', 'are', 'modulating', 'carriers', 'which', 'are', 'solutions', 'of', 'linear', 'differential', 'equations', 'with', 'polynomial', 'coefficients', 'demodulations', 'is', 'achieved', 'thanks', 'to', 'new', 'algebraic', 'estimation', 'techniques', 'operational', 'calculus', 'differential', 'algebra', 'and', 'nonstandard', 'analysis', 'are', 'the', 'main', 'mathematical', 'tools']] | [-0.14993041259310158, 0.035968764270747716, -0.09187443600967526, 0.08924429348400353, -0.14806188472236195, -0.18550943767063713, -0.0687772818665396, 0.28848692309111357, -0.3553652857806076, -0.2837447900766213, 0.17321941417870684, -0.2878947439276728, -0.21381302263685747, 0.23700203089729735, -0.14856493681375132, 0.0842944201441449, 0.00995376189402713, 0.03720388837616172, -0.03025489100336767, -0.2398701044894232, 0.2958613102775672, 0.06311687840181485, 0.27994423860831086, 0.006884370276933177, 0.12689090913913229, 0.01731084045349506, -0.13484220277812137, -0.05175613063763369, -0.10697225169196986, 0.12208697768418413, 0.4104337891596451, 0.09729496170684956, 0.26967921271397355, -0.4348771655115119, -0.17573431315586754, 0.10324385950930025, 0.18881441228777954, 0.11536034076932099, -0.05150159637917552, -0.27041406478536756, 0.08547067183086224, -0.12231766213581227, -0.07793584524800903, -0.09961112600898273, 0.037758347496651766, 0.01970020681619644, -0.3072421636857223, 0.03153899028537828, 0.0675809932872653, 0.11832004102567832, -0.011454799776210597, -0.12043400706617129, -0.004561243537944137, 0.11438273483266433, 0.015602961938272705, 0.0004441408632453858, 0.13461521673914895, -0.10942488407160629, -0.10365674840776544, 0.31916218796712265, -0.05376034488558377, -0.26290019175135776, 0.1186535163749859, -0.09631498772324178, -0.15215227563800127, 0.13598776417539307, 0.16374461837276294, 0.050743570910734045, -0.1768123520570889, 0.12990190565745396, 0.04534874938166978, 0.18582721707296737, 0.07448920507898979, 0.13029396350152397, 0.1595786152276815, 0.13886057536460852, 0.07836773311882689, 0.06986478337070398, 0.010787894524503173, -0.16717467793639293, -0.2636018294775695, -0.15645788945747832, -0.0999378430751038, 0.025926264168351497, -0.09366594944042031, -0.14834018438756302, 0.31930967601702404, 0.11815677852810998, 0.09287456129759289, -0.008922986951738335, 0.3219595848206888, 0.24811850480833336, 0.06459875916245214, 0.021013275638484118, 0.21001810736733637, 0.25872616407771903, 0.13931617075413988, -0.14887468377740956, 0.08166600229512704, 0.09835940858823035] |
712.1876 | SLOCC classification for nine families of four-qubits | In Phys. Rev. A 62, 062314 (2000), D\"{u}r, Vidal and Cirac indicated that
there are infinitely many SLOCC classes for four qubits. Verstraete, Dehaene,
and Verschelde in Phys. Rev. A 65, 052112 (2002) proposed nine families of
states corresponding to nine different ways of entangling four qubits. In Phys.
Rev. A 75, 022318 (2007), Lamata et al. reported that there are eight true
SLOCC entanglement classes of four qubits up to permutations of the qubits. In
this paper, we investigate SLOCC classification of the nine families proposed
by Verstraete, Dehaene and Verschelde, and distinguish 49 true SLOCC
entanglement classes from them.
| quant-ph | in phys rev a 62 062314 2000 dur vidal and cirac indicated that there are infinitely many slocc classes for four qubits verstraete dehaene and verschelde in phys rev a 65 052112 2002 proposed nine families of states corresponding to nine different ways of entangling four qubits in phys rev a 75 022318 2007 lamata et al reported that there are eight true slocc entanglement classes of four qubits up to permutations of the qubits in this paper we investigate slocc classification of the nine families proposed by verstraete dehaene and verschelde and distinguish 49 true slocc entanglement classes from them | [['in', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', '62', '062314', '2000', 'dur', 'vidal', 'and', 'cirac', 'indicated', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'infinitely', 'many', 'slocc', 'classes', 'for', 'four', 'qubits', 'verstraete', 'dehaene', 'and', 'verschelde', 'in', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', '65', '052112', '2002', 'proposed', 'nine', 'families', 'of', 'states', 'corresponding', 'to', 'nine', 'different', 'ways', 'of', 'entangling', 'four', 'qubits', 'in', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', '75', '022318', '2007', 'lamata', 'et', 'al', 'reported', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'eight', 'true', 'slocc', 'entanglement', 'classes', 'of', 'four', 'qubits', 'up', 'to', 'permutations', 'of', 'the', 'qubits', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'investigate', 'slocc', 'classification', 'of', 'the', 'nine', 'families', 'proposed', 'by', 'verstraete', 'dehaene', 'and', 'verschelde', 'and', 'distinguish', '49', 'true', 'slocc', 'entanglement', 'classes', 'from', 'them']] | [-0.14529190078377724, 0.12691441667149775, 0.04220922749489546, -0.05208702120115049, 0.06429620487149805, -0.20617912819376216, 0.11454905244871043, 0.3056045874301344, -0.06791475813137367, -0.4259119154885411, -0.05536055543459952, -0.3159782460518181, -0.1623131907917559, 0.22874716776888818, -0.15692422739928588, 0.08609710738062859, 0.02276687611360103, -0.11885639673098922, -0.06336831083055586, -0.41661196704022585, 0.18722315032500775, -0.04413874400779605, 0.2861080061318353, -0.032546403361484406, 0.08837860925123095, -0.009207912990823387, -0.02783770177513361, -0.05034884911496192, -0.1649276251865376, 0.04186154090974014, 0.2935486805345863, 0.1626684407517314, 0.2109342992398888, -0.30445989420171826, -0.14146593482233583, 0.15780174638843164, 0.02323144404683262, 0.12651242117863148, 0.08659161366987973, -0.38962196101434526, 0.028982664074283092, -0.26466019224375487, -0.046899497839622196, -0.13580322104506196, 0.22256963314488531, -0.05841052037430927, -0.2277783843828365, 0.13380124404095114, 0.08127113005146384, 0.08280455248430371, 0.04997470117174089, -0.09922816697508097, -0.012095762696117163, -0.001410570456646383, -0.10088419239036739, 0.05127151069231331, 0.05287700516637415, 0.03024008674779907, -0.2326539737638086, 0.2525494776852429, 0.024144684355705978, -0.10328946121037007, 0.3077584677189589, -0.04759632089262596, -0.21111926364246755, 0.08495044965296984, 0.06794292505830526, 0.1578475577849895, -0.20712167848832905, 0.10678901583654805, -0.14603738443925976, 0.1296275647263974, 0.24147257887059823, 0.06239884600974619, 0.07747521547600628, -0.034914468720089645, -0.03914465668669436, 0.15523511392995715, -0.07750574544101255, -0.09867565382563043, -0.265583823499619, -0.22248761903494596, -0.16755562072619795, 0.12023074006661773, 0.01796349534357432, -0.02891024329699576, 0.47360218711197377, 0.11150053611025214, 0.19023702549282462, -0.008685883460566401, 0.08232345640659332, -0.055575686991214755, -0.0030844595516100527, 0.24916880605276673, 0.2686002855421975, 0.2297835936001502, 0.013074173927307128, -0.1800718306354247, -0.08041566718486137, 0.06651014889590443] |
712.1877 | Trigonometry in extended hyperbolic space and extended de Sitter space | We study the hyperbolic cosine and sine laws in the extended hyperbolic space
which contains hyperbolic space as a subset and is an analytic continuation of
the hyperbolic space. And we also study the spherical cosine and sine laws in
the extended de Sitter space which contains de Sitter Space $S^n_1$ as a subset
and is also an analytic continuation of de Sitter space. In fact, the extended
hyperbolic space and extended de Sitter space are the same space only differ by
-1 multiple in the metric. Hence these two extended spaces clearly show and
apparently explain that why many corresponding formulas in hyperbolic and
spherical space are very similar each other. From these extended trigonometry
laws, we can give a coherent and geometrically simple explanation for the
various relations between the lengths and angles of hyperbolic polygons and
relations on de Sitter polygons which lie on $S^2_1$.
| math.MG | we study the hyperbolic cosine and sine laws in the extended hyperbolic space which contains hyperbolic space as a subset and is an analytic continuation of the hyperbolic space and we also study the spherical cosine and sine laws in the extended de sitter space which contains de sitter space sn_1 as a subset and is also an analytic continuation of de sitter space in fact the extended hyperbolic space and extended de sitter space are the same space only differ by 1 multiple in the metric hence these two extended spaces clearly show and apparently explain that why many corresponding formulas in hyperbolic and spherical space are very similar each other from these extended trigonometry laws we can give a coherent and geometrically simple explanation for the various relations between the lengths and angles of hyperbolic polygons and relations on de sitter polygons which lie on s2_1 | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'hyperbolic', 'cosine', 'and', 'sine', 'laws', 'in', 'the', 'extended', 'hyperbolic', 'space', 'which', 'contains', 'hyperbolic', 'space', 'as', 'a', 'subset', 'and', 'is', 'an', 'analytic', 'continuation', 'of', 'the', 'hyperbolic', 'space', 'and', 'we', 'also', 'study', 'the', 'spherical', 'cosine', 'and', 'sine', 'laws', 'in', 'the', 'extended', 'de', 'sitter', 'space', 'which', 'contains', 'de', 'sitter', 'space', 'sn_1', 'as', 'a', 'subset', 'and', 'is', 'also', 'an', 'analytic', 'continuation', 'of', 'de', 'sitter', 'space', 'in', 'fact', 'the', 'extended', 'hyperbolic', 'space', 'and', 'extended', 'de', 'sitter', 'space', 'are', 'the', 'same', 'space', 'only', 'differ', 'by', '1', 'multiple', 'in', 'the', 'metric', 'hence', 'these', 'two', 'extended', 'spaces', 'clearly', 'show', 'and', 'apparently', 'explain', 'that', 'why', 'many', 'corresponding', 'formulas', 'in', 'hyperbolic', 'and', 'spherical', 'space', 'are', 'very', 'similar', 'each', 'other', 'from', 'these', 'extended', 'trigonometry', 'laws', 'we', 'can', 'give', 'a', 'coherent', 'and', 'geometrically', 'simple', 'explanation', 'for', 'the', 'various', 'relations', 'between', 'the', 'lengths', 'and', 'angles', 'of', 'hyperbolic', 'polygons', 'and', 'relations', 'on', 'de', 'sitter', 'polygons', 'which', 'lie', 'on', 's2_1']] | [-0.13549261723292638, 0.13802957914260724, -0.14324769514575098, 0.1687361520252543, -0.1403176135704475, -0.08423083300412809, -0.03211716596490225, 0.3539790899517971, -0.2263547634529705, -0.2294683189703957, 0.1350353874881261, -0.2440967862871853, -0.19509474488566755, 0.2480836618814391, -0.09374278330122596, 0.006665493361651897, -0.04155539266286871, 0.010032823570450215, -0.10549773036571522, -0.20658281394532202, 0.380675774029884, -0.029796535429242696, 0.23702723017541338, -0.07394715295034789, 0.137605444471528, 0.02457673446829053, -0.0526697865209064, 0.03705757779637163, -0.17406242281833476, 0.11743977971963358, 0.24285651504917927, 0.08826700315458348, 0.16890272822992475, -0.3530427421115943, -0.19775987063798853, 0.13610093483411884, 0.18662734742915868, 0.038568713618096315, -0.029611380810132, -0.3256176486800148, 0.0030335422032638578, -0.13201945388337244, -0.17591575383070251, -0.0788181766590758, 0.03960663006590629, 0.0008088343908909608, -0.15931308045479897, 0.023078504225752014, 0.08381933153833489, 0.013617885675606935, -0.10682796215248369, -0.05927115551045013, -0.057979325580605735, 0.09168509815857318, 0.019229711030257512, 0.030914850028017787, 0.04337761429062969, 0.0004170500154990854, -0.1040679651495019, 0.3849180199306559, -0.054885446367709825, -0.27794016497461377, 0.1979241816931077, -0.22112232862147377, -0.1392035711135061, 0.13985380698530306, 0.12921524497151776, 0.12264705992404472, -0.05820478161331266, 0.21223256918735411, -0.07362652255373227, 0.10324561699117357, 0.16870669039545227, 0.01661100860597012, 0.19397051639758944, 0.047604352893383314, 0.0778398240056688, 0.1091154578800244, -0.002876306478110318, -0.12928071185258985, -0.36706766573990685, -0.2296526403012182, -0.15388786617188235, 0.021332179598913, -0.17955429226404285, -0.2245845295790885, 0.3115240334520569, -0.0006513739212390941, 0.21147168339607683, 0.07298630101084544, 0.21998151747283298, 0.05813599541441953, 0.01487578883943324, 0.09471205049477568, 0.2058603449290417, 0.06878132214046058, 0.07493123205101772, -0.17484439793514792, -0.07498056514541039, 0.15739344708099207] |
712.1878 | Hierarchy construction schemes within the Scale set framework | Segmentation algorithms based on an energy minimisation framework often
depend on a scale parameter which balances a fit to data and a regularising
term. Irregular pyramids are defined as a stack of graphs successively reduced.
Within this framework, the scale is often defined implicitly as the height in
the pyramid. However, each level of an irregular pyramid can not usually be
readily associated to the global optimum of an energy or a global criterion on
the base level graph. This last drawback is addressed by the scale set
framework designed by Guigues. The methods designed by this author allow to
build a hierarchy and to design cuts within this hierarchy which globally
minimise an energy. This paper studies the influence of the construction scheme
of the initial hierarchy on the resulting optimal cuts. We propose one
sequential and one parallel method with two variations within both. Our
sequential methods provide partitions near the global optima while parallel
methods require less execution times than the sequential method of Guigues even
on sequential machines.
| cs.CV | segmentation algorithms based on an energy minimisation framework often depend on a scale parameter which balances a fit to data and a regularising term irregular pyramids are defined as a stack of graphs successively reduced within this framework the scale is often defined implicitly as the height in the pyramid however each level of an irregular pyramid can not usually be readily associated to the global optimum of an energy or a global criterion on the base level graph this last drawback is addressed by the scale set framework designed by guigues the methods designed by this author allow to build a hierarchy and to design cuts within this hierarchy which globally minimise an energy this paper studies the influence of the construction scheme of the initial hierarchy on the resulting optimal cuts we propose one sequential and one parallel method with two variations within both our sequential methods provide partitions near the global optima while parallel methods require less execution times than the sequential method of guigues even on sequential machines | [['segmentation', 'algorithms', 'based', 'on', 'an', 'energy', 'minimisation', 'framework', 'often', 'depend', 'on', 'a', 'scale', 'parameter', 'which', 'balances', 'a', 'fit', 'to', 'data', 'and', 'a', 'regularising', 'term', 'irregular', 'pyramids', 'are', 'defined', 'as', 'a', 'stack', 'of', 'graphs', 'successively', 'reduced', 'within', 'this', 'framework', 'the', 'scale', 'is', 'often', 'defined', 'implicitly', 'as', 'the', 'height', 'in', 'the', 'pyramid', 'however', 'each', 'level', 'of', 'an', 'irregular', 'pyramid', 'can', 'not', 'usually', 'be', 'readily', 'associated', 'to', 'the', 'global', 'optimum', 'of', 'an', 'energy', 'or', 'a', 'global', 'criterion', 'on', 'the', 'base', 'level', 'graph', 'this', 'last', 'drawback', 'is', 'addressed', 'by', 'the', 'scale', 'set', 'framework', 'designed', 'by', 'guigues', 'the', 'methods', 'designed', 'by', 'this', 'author', 'allow', 'to', 'build', 'a', 'hierarchy', 'and', 'to', 'design', 'cuts', 'within', 'this', 'hierarchy', 'which', 'globally', 'minimise', 'an', 'energy', 'this', 'paper', 'studies', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'the', 'construction', 'scheme', 'of', 'the', 'initial', 'hierarchy', 'on', 'the', 'resulting', 'optimal', 'cuts', 'we', 'propose', 'one', 'sequential', 'and', 'one', 'parallel', 'method', 'with', 'two', 'variations', 'within', 'both', 'our', 'sequential', 'methods', 'provide', 'partitions', 'near', 'the', 'global', 'optima', 'while', 'parallel', 'methods', 'require', 'less', 'execution', 'times', 'than', 'the', 'sequential', 'method', 'of', 'guigues', 'even', 'on', 'sequential', 'machines']] | [-0.07933172727880869, 0.04457754203487935, -0.09245042088387403, 0.10257706397313213, -0.07010953217679851, -0.11328549983472629, 0.05395925003388182, 0.3825664884562409, -0.3051432792075671, -0.354716872200803, 0.14552018746360054, -0.1831130448533872, -0.12310142350940813, 0.16277903917673325, -0.07189458186418728, 0.06062990826619572, 0.08508923422033508, 0.03200791866892846, -0.07291317286733322, -0.27548619498702465, 0.3234027593077139, 0.09771751296208349, 0.31621499612743337, 0.00869685063560948, 0.12325372806066467, 0.0026751225042633366, -0.026880397821430032, 0.04462069320644057, -0.09758259329490017, 0.15380057647450676, 0.22701339536958354, 0.130183401623156, 0.31932273303526776, -0.4435875114746565, -0.17201520079055796, 0.11194244912977136, 0.13825034907867395, 0.08888582785906227, 0.020733291583086993, -0.24563410655097212, 0.09949730408613483, -0.1327464419178838, -0.06017609870570257, -0.06871499548406275, -0.061705708844847114, 0.006822009467002719, -0.2775246466667023, 0.02755783922255559, 0.05692377732728261, 0.04056725412712779, -0.03293453925559947, -0.09896858411889826, -0.001424619130354353, 0.08882369760689217, 0.016980449436232448, 0.0479765603008144, 0.11320570534430878, -0.09849574969577884, -0.14261650706121567, 0.3639665419888293, -0.022016344974132195, -0.24885994181859977, 0.1623629175226724, -0.04341701001502833, -0.13989039960176533, 0.13943508013996275, 0.1879248003113939, 0.1499486986854737, -0.16676597803462903, 0.0701747106819354, -0.029659317080797845, 0.2012116161261707, 0.06648954918586411, -0.011457733560873325, 0.17586902654147707, 0.2175276927815122, 0.14877453910120558, 0.09351831970148893, -0.08530853053576551, -0.10630211197679083, -0.28407764971137134, -0.09899941620266005, -0.16430295459915298, -0.03495484737124021, -0.08023273884997294, -0.20200360608341303, 0.4057857344383846, 0.1359521099109051, 0.24066064031361495, 0.0696441761345256, 0.3334065604911641, 0.10750961081853454, 0.14445096071062305, 0.09921923836389947, 0.16805008394226736, 0.03360033800506011, 0.07378461941681412, -0.1912179809810897, 0.08213173171510747, 0.10292517358632108] |
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