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712.2779 | Modeling Evolving Innovation Networks | We develop a new framework for modeling innovation networks which evolve over
time. The nodes in the network represent firms, whereas the directed links
represent unilateral interactions between the firms. Both nodes and links
evolve according to their own dynamics and on different time scales. The model
assumes that firms produce knowledge based on the knowledge exchange with other
firms, which involves both costs and benefits for the participating firms. In
order to increase their knowledge production, firms follow different strategies
to create and/or to delete links with other firms. Dependent on the information
firms take into account for their decision, we find the emergence of different
network structures. We analyze the conditions for the existence of these
structures within a mathematical approach and underpin our findings by
extensive computer simulations which show the evolution of the networks and
their equilibrium state. In the discussion of the results, particular attention
is given to the emergence of direct and indirect reciprocity in knowledge
exchange, which refers to the emergence of cycles in the network structure. In
order to motivate our modeling framework, in the first part of the chapter we
give a broad overview of existing literature from economics and physics. This
shows that our framework bridges and extends two different lines of research,
namely the study of equilibrium networks with simple topologies and the dynamic
approach of hypercycle models.
| physics.soc-ph | we develop a new framework for modeling innovation networks which evolve over time the nodes in the network represent firms whereas the directed links represent unilateral interactions between the firms both nodes and links evolve according to their own dynamics and on different time scales the model assumes that firms produce knowledge based on the knowledge exchange with other firms which involves both costs and benefits for the participating firms in order to increase their knowledge production firms follow different strategies to create andor to delete links with other firms dependent on the information firms take into account for their decision we find the emergence of different network structures we analyze the conditions for the existence of these structures within a mathematical approach and underpin our findings by extensive computer simulations which show the evolution of the networks and their equilibrium state in the discussion of the results particular attention is given to the emergence of direct and indirect reciprocity in knowledge exchange which refers to the emergence of cycles in the network structure in order to motivate our modeling framework in the first part of the chapter we give a broad overview of existing literature from economics and physics this shows that our framework bridges and extends two different lines of research namely the study of equilibrium networks with simple topologies and the dynamic approach of hypercycle models | [['we', 'develop', 'a', 'new', 'framework', 'for', 'modeling', 'innovation', 'networks', 'which', 'evolve', 'over', 'time', 'the', 'nodes', 'in', 'the', 'network', 'represent', 'firms', 'whereas', 'the', 'directed', 'links', 'represent', 'unilateral', 'interactions', 'between', 'the', 'firms', 'both', 'nodes', 'and', 'links', 'evolve', 'according', 'to', 'their', 'own', 'dynamics', 'and', 'on', 'different', 'time', 'scales', 'the', 'model', 'assumes', 'that', 'firms', 'produce', 'knowledge', 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712.278 | Dynamical Simulations of Magnetically Channeled Line-Driven Stellar
Winds: II. The Effects of Field-Aligned Rotation | Building upon our previous MHD simulation study of magnetic channeling in
radiatively driven stellar winds, we examine here the additional dynamical
effects of stellar {\em rotation} in the (still) 2-D axisymmetric case of an
aligned dipole surface field. In addition to the magnetic confinement parameter
$\eta_{\ast}$ introduced in Paper I, we characterize the stellar rotation in
terms of a parameter $W \equiv V_{\rm{rot}}/V_{\rm{orb}}$ (the ratio of the
equatorial surface rotation speed to orbital speed), examining specifically
models with moderately strong rotation $W =$ 0.25 and 0.5, and comparing these
to analogous non-rotating cases. Defining the associated Alfv\'{e}n radius
$R_{\rm{A}} \approx \eta_{\ast}^{1/4} \Rstar$ and Kepler corotation radius
$R_{\rm{K}} \approx W^{-2/3} \Rstar$, we find rotation effects are weak for
models with $R_{\rm{A}} < R_{\rm{K}}$, but can be substantial and even dominant
for models with $R_{\rm{A}} \gtwig R_{\rm{K}}$. In particular, by extending our
simulations to magnetic confinement parameters (up to $\eta_{\ast} = 1000$)
that are well above those ($\eta_{\ast} = 10$) considered in Paper I, we are
able to study cases with $R_{\rm{A}} \gg R_{\rm{K}}$; we find that these do
indeed show clear formation of the {\em rigid-body} disk predicted in previous
analytic models, with however a rather complex, dynamic behavior characterized
by both episodes of downward infall and outward breakout that limit the buildup
of disk mass. Overall, the results provide an intriguing glimpse into the
complex interplay between rotation and magnetic confinement, and form the basis
for a full MHD description of the rigid-body disks expected in strongly
magnetic Bp stars like $\sigma$ Ori E.
| astro-ph | building upon our previous mhd simulation study of magnetic channeling in radiatively driven stellar winds we examine here the additional dynamical effects of stellar em rotation in the still 2d axisymmetric case of an aligned dipole surface field in addition to the magnetic confinement parameter eta_ast introduced in paper i we characterize the stellar rotation in terms of a parameter w equiv v_rmrotv_rmorb the ratio of the equatorial surface rotation speed to orbital speed examining specifically models with moderately strong rotation w 025 and 05 and comparing these to analogous nonrotating cases defining the associated alfven radius r_rma approx eta_ast14 rstar and kepler corotation radius r_rmk approx w23 rstar we find rotation effects are weak for models with r_rma r_rmk but can be substantial and even dominant for models with r_rma gtwig r_rmk in particular by extending our simulations to magnetic confinement parameters up to eta_ast 1000 that are well above those eta_ast 10 considered in paper i we are able to study cases with r_rma gg r_rmk we find that these do indeed show clear formation of the em rigidbody disk predicted in previous analytic models with however a rather complex dynamic behavior characterized by both episodes of downward infall and outward breakout that limit the buildup of disk mass overall the results provide an intriguing glimpse into the complex interplay between rotation and magnetic confinement and form the basis for a full mhd description of the rigidbody disks expected in strongly magnetic bp stars like sigma ori e | [['building', 'upon', 'our', 'previous', 'mhd', 'simulation', 'study', 'of', 'magnetic', 'channeling', 'in', 'radiatively', 'driven', 'stellar', 'winds', 'we', 'examine', 'here', 'the', 'additional', 'dynamical', 'effects', 'of', 'stellar', 'em', 'rotation', 'in', 'the', 'still', '2d', 'axisymmetric', 'case', 'of', 'an', 'aligned', 'dipole', 'surface', 'field', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'the', 'magnetic', 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712.2781 | Erratum (astro-ph/0510172): Robust Limits on Lorentz Violation from
Gamma-Ray Bursts | We correct the fitting formula used in refs. [1,2] to obtain a robust limit
on a violation of Lorentz invariance that depends linearly on the photon
energy. The correction leads to a slight increase of the limit on the scale of
the violation, to M > 1.4 x 10^{16} GeV.
| astro-ph gr-qc hep-ph hep-th | we correct the fitting formula used in refs 12 to obtain a robust limit on a violation of lorentz invariance that depends linearly on the photon energy the correction leads to a slight increase of the limit on the scale of the violation to m 14 x 1016 gev | [['we', 'correct', 'the', 'fitting', 'formula', 'used', 'in', 'refs', '12', 'to', 'obtain', 'a', 'robust', 'limit', 'on', 'a', 'violation', 'of', 'lorentz', 'invariance', 'that', 'depends', 'linearly', 'on', 'the', 'photon', 'energy', 'the', 'correction', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'slight', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'limit', 'on', 'the', 'scale', 'of', 'the', 'violation', 'to', 'm', '14', 'x', '1016', 'gev']] | [-0.12932077283990018, 0.16203049382156864, -0.06988905821641793, 0.11040720320781883, -0.034391570997861574, -0.11131470214708575, 0.13200185896724234, 0.2651913393364877, -0.16131901117611905, -0.3733180878892997, 0.0641889951871328, -0.26666525432041716, 0.005900420362547953, 0.20425601363923324, -0.07224668075843733, 0.04538960669341744, -0.004199558398591316, 0.03722335947487427, -0.13833633224403827, -0.21012688675249108, 0.2508926798532508, 0.1097398899799707, 0.3018728728045006, 0.12452478862690683, 0.1411627205753965, -0.001148785118783387, -0.014249480652565859, -0.026254449229763478, -0.14034600641975792, 0.11102612446803524, 0.11130187584429371, 0.028120697200374335, 0.16536231384593614, -0.3536749683244496, -0.13542663017097784, 0.12400509093945124, 0.08664521291775971, 0.08488744887171731, 0.006443021315321022, -0.24916565418243408, 0.07817758420216185, -0.17563447610912275, -0.1739087535296472, -0.04933465766121766, 0.04737940772759671, -0.05061445468846632, -0.2898366370770548, 0.13262420504981157, 0.04787740719442883, 0.003273716890158094, -0.0028298283851116287, -0.08805697880761355, 0.02375535189877359, 0.03364571503230503, 0.10989245696335423, 0.09857524015313508, 0.16870515319347687, -0.10408689562535407, -0.07109699819275007, 0.40789200228695965, -0.1501326989952703, -0.17446788940198568, 0.12361512448144507, -0.1637252209594055, -0.17631253670444902, 0.1666568156084692, 0.16714804397173683, 0.10665320644003091, -0.0784801049348043, 0.14603053139788763, -0.049227289817467025, 0.25391449817285244, 0.09640940828058793, 0.041023189819664976, 0.1295354127199674, 0.11529809107281724, 0.11975172156353994, 0.08656805882002322, -0.15093568468713486, -0.022627367010834266, -0.4139204315689145, -0.12654629125430875, -0.16684049255765823, 0.16436999068804542, -0.13330186270557495, -0.08981562755545791, 0.38142384117355155, 0.15433702241553335, 0.23244588746100056, 0.04962540005466768, 0.2132686101736463, 0.1793202328096543, 0.09331157327420553, 0.0356718403648357, 0.3120000827677396, 0.15620485997321654, 0.09933851456877832, -0.24908222483318984, -0.00561478014617246, 0.04773593403646076] |
712.2782 | Correlation of optical conductivity and ARPES spectra of strong-coupling
large polarons and its display in cuprates | Common approach is used to calculate band due to strong-coupling large
polaron (SCLP) photodissociation in ARPES and in optical conductivity (OC)
spectra. It is based on using the coherent-states representation for the phonon
field in SCLP. The calculated positions of both band maximums are universal
functions of one parameter - the SCLP binding energy Ep: ARPES band maximum
lies at binding energy about 3.2Ep; the OC band maximum is at the photon energy
about 4.2Ep. The half-widths of the bands are mainly determined by Ep and
slightly depend on Frohlich electron-phonon coupling constant: for its value
6-8 the ARPES band half-width is 1.7-1.3Ep and the OC band half-width is
2.8-2.2Ep. Using these results one can predict approximate position of ARPES
band maximum and half-width from the maximum of mid-IR OC band and vice versa.
Comparison of the results with experiments leads to a conclusion that
underdoped cuprates contain SCLPs with Ep=0.1-0.2 eV that is in good conformity
with the medium parameters in cuprates. The values of the polaron binding
energy determined from experimental ARPES and OC spectra of the same material
are in good conformity too: the difference between them is within 10 percent.
| cond-mat.supr-con | common approach is used to calculate band due to strongcoupling large polaron sclp photodissociation in arpes and in optical conductivity oc spectra it is based on using the coherentstates representation for the phonon field in sclp the calculated positions of both band maximums are universal functions of one parameter the sclp binding energy ep arpes band maximum lies at binding energy about 32ep the oc band maximum is at the photon energy about 42ep the halfwidths of the bands are mainly determined by ep and slightly depend on frohlich electronphonon coupling constant for its value 68 the arpes band halfwidth is 1713ep and the oc band halfwidth is 2822ep using these results one can predict approximate position of arpes band maximum and halfwidth from the maximum of midir oc band and vice versa comparison of the results with experiments leads to a conclusion that underdoped cuprates contain sclps with ep0102 ev that is in good conformity with the medium parameters in cuprates the values of the polaron binding energy determined from experimental arpes and oc spectra of the same material are in good conformity too the difference between them is within 10 percent | [['common', 'approach', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'calculate', 'band', 'due', 'to', 'strongcoupling', 'large', 'polaron', 'sclp', 'photodissociation', 'in', 'arpes', 'and', 'in', 'optical', 'conductivity', 'oc', 'spectra', 'it', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'using', 'the', 'coherentstates', 'representation', 'for', 'the', 'phonon', 'field', 'in', 'sclp', 'the', 'calculated', 'positions', 'of', 'both', 'band', 'maximums', 'are', 'universal', 'functions', 'of', 'one', 'parameter', 'the', 'sclp', 'binding', 'energy', 'ep', 'arpes', 'band', 'maximum', 'lies', 'at', 'binding', 'energy', 'about', '32ep', 'the', 'oc', 'band', 'maximum', 'is', 'at', 'the', 'photon', 'energy', 'about', '42ep', 'the', 'halfwidths', 'of', 'the', 'bands', 'are', 'mainly', 'determined', 'by', 'ep', 'and', 'slightly', 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712.2783 | Orbital diamagnetism in multilayer graphenes: Systematic study with the
effective mass approximation | We present a theoretical study on the orbital magnetism in multilayer
graphenes within the effective mass approximation. The Hamiltonian and thus
susceptibility can be decomposed into contributions from sub-systems equivalent
to monolayer or bilayer graphene. The monolayer-type subband exists only in odd
layers and exhibits a delta-function susceptibility at $E_F=0$. The
bilayer-type subband appearing in every layer number gives a singular structure
in the vicinity of $E_F=0$ due to the trigonal warping as well as a logarithmic
tail away from $E_F=0$. The integral of the susceptibility over energy is
approximately given only by the layer number.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we present a theoretical study on the orbital magnetism in multilayer graphenes within the effective mass approximation the hamiltonian and thus susceptibility can be decomposed into contributions from subsystems equivalent to monolayer or bilayer graphene the monolayertype subband exists only in odd layers and exhibits a deltafunction susceptibility at e_f0 the bilayertype subband appearing in every layer number gives a singular structure in the vicinity of e_f0 due to the trigonal warping as well as a logarithmic tail away from e_f0 the integral of the susceptibility over energy is approximately given only by the layer number | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'theoretical', 'study', 'on', 'the', 'orbital', 'magnetism', 'in', 'multilayer', 'graphenes', 'within', 'the', 'effective', 'mass', 'approximation', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'and', 'thus', 'susceptibility', 'can', 'be', 'decomposed', 'into', 'contributions', 'from', 'subsystems', 'equivalent', 'to', 'monolayer', 'or', 'bilayer', 'graphene', 'the', 'monolayertype', 'subband', 'exists', 'only', 'in', 'odd', 'layers', 'and', 'exhibits', 'a', 'deltafunction', 'susceptibility', 'at', 'e_f0', 'the', 'bilayertype', 'subband', 'appearing', 'in', 'every', 'layer', 'number', 'gives', 'a', 'singular', 'structure', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'e_f0', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'trigonal', 'warping', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'a', 'logarithmic', 'tail', 'away', 'from', 'e_f0', 'the', 'integral', 'of', 'the', 'susceptibility', 'over', 'energy', 'is', 'approximately', 'given', 'only', 'by', 'the', 'layer', 'number']] | [-0.18484601323267424, 0.11867562972722535, -0.038582152810859235, 0.018041273818024374, -0.012174955688099912, -0.13191371086112996, 0.09026441743821549, 0.34845915235618646, -0.29252251523962997, -0.2939373933006712, 0.022389730067051788, -0.3345147425586239, -0.15561484634886158, 0.1428555753329729, 0.03410950528229884, -0.013597348724749493, 0.007793961729398591, 0.04178670639707212, -0.09633599684395372, -0.19037174835969556, 0.30677441992063786, 0.01661380526035073, 0.23537349349204847, 0.08834367601617062, 0.0646871509070092, 0.05014534333492927, 0.12200202077547921, 0.03906657498210986, -0.0846387463909118, 0.06006985037102106, 0.22982818506499555, -0.10883357441746333, 0.2409896540908797, -0.4193186618600095, -0.18295916966459852, -0.015469157275684337, 0.16493574105837244, 0.1004366607732199, 0.00408106676595127, -0.2279689052102572, 0.058425595300232475, -0.1320166915055721, -0.11620340399701704, -0.07050788942526312, -0.02489676052565746, -0.042469364920373454, -0.2360485942738299, 0.1272384237452841, 0.046510905157427916, 0.03984597927464687, -0.10171794876495892, -0.16414211751853533, -0.11134643207720303, 0.09349397176311926, 0.06597794185917666, 0.06508665952455014, 0.12045966888260234, -0.13806979058488728, -0.04797305307410499, 0.39872510307418935, -0.07928102416174605, -0.15163186242050947, 0.11209362430220589, -0.18494263544995734, -0.04477062408237698, 0.1703223668514414, 0.15250351659438394, 0.07675440330089298, -0.1053488634909414, 0.12465094643560773, -0.050998234412969745, 0.18443209103288802, 0.09218131533348338, 0.06445702304072837, 0.25500803932230526, 0.1410209828370964, 0.09839022185831786, 0.19816781633825814, -0.12872274217265162, -0.05435686501763523, -0.2536716330400173, -0.13928294786192635, -0.23987562020130931, 0.09143582397348624, -0.08538615351333531, -0.21241007214686103, 0.46952123666538836, 0.0753308905112406, 0.2349618461993622, 0.014101812100790917, 0.27466050917257934, 0.16355562413438282, 0.14483613711583646, 0.09060830002999865, 0.2286107581346593, 0.15861318514315767, 0.08093241906224533, -0.20706088627946187, 0.056789845317364376, 0.07572124666098426] |
712.2784 | Generation of indistinguishable and pure heralded single photons with
tunable bandwidth | We describe a new scheme to fully control the joint spectrum of paired
photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We show the
capability of this method to generate frequency-uncorrelated photon pairs that
are pure and indistinguishable, and whose bandwidth can be readily tuned.
Importantly, the scheme we propose here can be implemented in any nonlinear
crystal and frequency band of interest.
| quant-ph | we describe a new scheme to fully control the joint spectrum of paired photons generated in spontaneous parametric downconversion we show the capability of this method to generate frequencyuncorrelated photon pairs that are pure and indistinguishable and whose bandwidth can be readily tuned importantly the scheme we propose here can be implemented in any nonlinear crystal and frequency band of interest | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'new', 'scheme', 'to', 'fully', 'control', 'the', 'joint', 'spectrum', 'of', 'paired', 'photons', 'generated', 'in', 'spontaneous', 'parametric', 'downconversion', 'we', 'show', 'the', 'capability', 'of', 'this', 'method', 'to', 'generate', 'frequencyuncorrelated', 'photon', 'pairs', 'that', 'are', 'pure', 'and', 'indistinguishable', 'and', 'whose', 'bandwidth', 'can', 'be', 'readily', 'tuned', 'importantly', 'the', 'scheme', 'we', 'propose', 'here', 'can', 'be', 'implemented', 'in', 'any', 'nonlinear', 'crystal', 'and', 'frequency', 'band', 'of', 'interest']] | [-0.08009709380414398, 0.1751827259746487, -0.06277041331116782, 0.009110642056988522, -0.08779329719541014, -0.15820705218118478, 0.07213978645903227, 0.5021757856011391, -0.30425670626191575, -0.2862213994147348, 0.03550437308435679, -0.19526737782585082, -0.11527135261319212, 0.24701800527142698, -0.051474863899963315, 0.04772933906890818, 0.03805654850162444, -0.04312760643966374, -0.01685569850111487, -0.17560549100983094, 0.2905463624486058, 0.007442781928789298, 0.36296594174212365, 0.022706335868503225, 0.14016482710349756, -0.011031754780560732, 0.0014196168020611903, -0.02107296400077519, -0.0694260060197729, 0.1503587609966148, 0.2726932928943243, 0.09940452125595241, 0.22291118187493966, -0.3882886088895993, -0.21770238786264032, 0.14819260715644378, 0.1528006138501414, 0.1974756859823084, -0.049165456693192, -0.28721468423905433, 0.11197571674758783, -0.2163412967948701, -0.09934874240797563, -0.12993416411527356, -0.1205171934084692, 0.0036394631358428447, -0.3271707855775708, 0.057916802529734177, 0.0447980878783054, -0.03553803313378489, 0.023364419880949082, 0.015542240320994962, -0.047313344306083485, 0.0801974260095568, -0.060888724676409704, -0.02390687663077575, 0.10650215416261163, -0.07625221849331389, -0.1681706386877865, 0.367869570438147, -0.09546326586335409, -0.1964551883589354, 0.14185784061698883, -0.13556585085318715, -0.07466054968077873, 0.17142165406439147, 0.21990347722236098, 0.1356358275535043, -0.14881934119258686, 0.024699121855817675, -0.016173421660987813, 0.2469685651117661, 0.054277097962827224, 0.11437941028843404, 0.20023957322366903, 0.10958610062838578, 0.0076279723558758126, 0.1785571073739194, -0.09410631470382214, -0.0156077198630779, -0.29605751817465803, -0.1370303522123665, -0.22092888414187997, 0.008243846050539955, 0.007322304875191041, -0.11644587108147804, 0.43871708705553264, 0.15208179140310796, 0.1477112679391122, -0.003090828122784857, 0.2810779789951248, 0.18183459396489332, 0.07340723804396684, 0.048161817042798295, 0.26010415919857927, 0.054763351479300955, 0.014871235478852616, -0.22330827272084894, -0.027138378997867713, -0.026667651842485686] |
712.2785 | A lower bound for the eigenvalues of the Sen-Witten operator on closed
spacelike hypersurfaces | The eigenvalue problem for the Sen--Witten operator on closed spacelike
hypersurfaces is investigated. The (square of its) eigenvalues are shown to be
given exactly by the 3-surface integral appearing in the expression of the
total energy-momentum of the matter+gravity systems in Witten's energy
positivity proof. A sharp lower bound for the eigenvalues, given in terms of
the constraint parts of the spacetime Einstein tensor, i.e. the energy and
momentum densities of the matter fields, is given.
| gr-qc math.DG | the eigenvalue problem for the senwitten operator on closed spacelike hypersurfaces is investigated the square of its eigenvalues are shown to be given exactly by the 3surface integral appearing in the expression of the total energymomentum of the mattergravity systems in wittens energy positivity proof a sharp lower bound for the eigenvalues given in terms of the constraint parts of the spacetime einstein tensor ie the energy and momentum densities of the matter fields is given | [['the', 'eigenvalue', 'problem', 'for', 'the', 'senwitten', 'operator', 'on', 'closed', 'spacelike', 'hypersurfaces', 'is', 'investigated', 'the', 'square', 'of', 'its', 'eigenvalues', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'given', 'exactly', 'by', 'the', '3surface', 'integral', 'appearing', 'in', 'the', 'expression', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'energymomentum', 'of', 'the', 'mattergravity', 'systems', 'in', 'wittens', 'energy', 'positivity', 'proof', 'a', 'sharp', 'lower', 'bound', 'for', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'given', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'constraint', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'spacetime', 'einstein', 'tensor', 'ie', 'the', 'energy', 'and', 'momentum', 'densities', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'fields', 'is', 'given']] | [-0.20634850486040754, 0.100827611811263, -0.07047235763533727, 0.09872254274944824, -0.042825338651279084, -0.060505700456958855, -0.05351152339656102, 0.2390478231061838, -0.20366726217693404, -0.2793438214269516, 0.08625167519571014, -0.28205988367431256, -0.10054735939239005, 0.1454504940928401, -0.033371213956821806, 0.07637070498879582, 0.03074981993995607, 0.1629079021513462, -0.10171266895179686, -0.24628620484451713, 0.4061377208777948, 0.03394267112506848, 0.2400021870026218, 0.15462030767230317, 0.1503646622264856, -0.00267531048187888, -0.007317780345482261, 0.00510453968308866, -0.14767644981743375, 0.14092526570005393, 0.2268015630926177, 0.10056674593789994, 0.20216009631219908, -0.40879872534424067, -0.16363571458925052, 0.15457209387463272, 0.12168259795534571, 0.05453010738557695, 0.0243828994280193, -0.29302920779752495, 0.047011583816799284, -0.10566650134952445, -0.1835121162247991, -0.02374542105673371, 0.03307677663274502, -0.012079034098669103, -0.23205095913114124, 0.15958261901610776, 0.06669117277028579, 0.010756259520636186, -0.13348688108779147, -0.1480912995298001, -0.04598168053321148, 0.06569324247539043, 0.06848416955970031, -0.006966451833968198, 0.06919060653614763, -0.14276433669912972, -0.0508756145442787, 0.35979801019359575, -0.04855304255493378, -0.2821426143085486, 0.04664457531792945, -0.16548821588328697, -0.07058838980983158, 0.12420979654416442, 0.1065861807560156, 0.1490103253408482, -0.1409011980592224, 0.20039537296504836, -0.05735649072295545, 0.06438812577949934, 0.11878186653637768, 0.04704943840701353, 0.1941526450406711, 0.033648869096252476, 0.11210827514112584, 0.14905825382754156, -0.008715819110971336, -0.11506017807282899, -0.387745523433152, -0.19954241271587211, -0.2773233621969427, 0.08291225025038186, -0.14596359107829476, -0.18821801140553648, 0.4016963265879129, 0.011531363247501614, 0.18861026384968826, 0.0786396772079905, 0.2723751134043069, 0.21346622821874917, 0.07128002071802161, 0.11839695350193467, 0.2473049495969654, 0.22029342897248602, 0.09681162005903102, -0.22361980192975975, -0.029489896321473152, 0.16010594663308247] |
712.2786 | Dressed Domain Walls and Holography | The cutoff version of the AdS/CFT correspondence states that the Randall
Sundrum scenario is dual to a Conformal Field Theory (CFT) coupled to gravity
in four dimensions. The gravitational field produced by relativistic domain
walls can be exactly solved in both sides of the correspondence, and thus
provides one further check of it. We show in the two sides that for the most
symmetric case, the wall motion does not lead to particle production of the CFT
fields. Still, there are nontrivial effects. Due to the trace anomaly, the CFT
effectively renormalizes the domain wall tension. On the five dimensional side,
the wall is a codimension 2 brane localized on the Randall-Sundrum brane, which
pulls the wall in a uniform acceleration. This is perceived from the brane as a
domain wall with a tension slightly larger than its bare value. In both cases,
the deviation from General Relativity appears at nonlinear level in the source,
and the leading corrections match to the numerical factors.
| hep-th | the cutoff version of the adscft correspondence states that the randall sundrum scenario is dual to a conformal field theory cft coupled to gravity in four dimensions the gravitational field produced by relativistic domain walls can be exactly solved in both sides of the correspondence and thus provides one further check of it we show in the two sides that for the most symmetric case the wall motion does not lead to particle production of the cft fields still there are nontrivial effects due to the trace anomaly the cft effectively renormalizes the domain wall tension on the five dimensional side the wall is a codimension 2 brane localized on the randallsundrum brane which pulls the wall in a uniform acceleration this is perceived from the brane as a domain wall with a tension slightly larger than its bare value in both cases the deviation from general relativity appears at nonlinear level in the source and the leading corrections match to the numerical factors | [['the', 'cutoff', 'version', 'of', 'the', 'adscft', 'correspondence', 'states', 'that', 'the', 'randall', 'sundrum', 'scenario', 'is', 'dual', 'to', 'a', 'conformal', 'field', 'theory', 'cft', 'coupled', 'to', 'gravity', 'in', 'four', 'dimensions', 'the', 'gravitational', 'field', 'produced', 'by', 'relativistic', 'domain', 'walls', 'can', 'be', 'exactly', 'solved', 'in', 'both', 'sides', 'of', 'the', 'correspondence', 'and', 'thus', 'provides', 'one', 'further', 'check', 'of', 'it', 'we', 'show', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'sides', 'that', 'for', 'the', 'most', 'symmetric', 'case', 'the', 'wall', 'motion', 'does', 'not', 'lead', 'to', 'particle', 'production', 'of', 'the', 'cft', 'fields', 'still', 'there', 'are', 'nontrivial', 'effects', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'trace', 'anomaly', 'the', 'cft', 'effectively', 'renormalizes', 'the', 'domain', 'wall', 'tension', 'on', 'the', 'five', 'dimensional', 'side', 'the', 'wall', 'is', 'a', 'codimension', '2', 'brane', 'localized', 'on', 'the', 'randallsundrum', 'brane', 'which', 'pulls', 'the', 'wall', 'in', 'a', 'uniform', 'acceleration', 'this', 'is', 'perceived', 'from', 'the', 'brane', 'as', 'a', 'domain', 'wall', 'with', 'a', 'tension', 'slightly', 'larger', 'than', 'its', 'bare', 'value', 'in', 'both', 'cases', 'the', 'deviation', 'from', 'general', 'relativity', 'appears', 'at', 'nonlinear', 'level', 'in', 'the', 'source', 'and', 'the', 'leading', 'corrections', 'match', 'to', 'the', 'numerical', 'factors']] | [-0.1110749711444397, 0.1295313426838597, -0.09404500829667796, 0.08053900545076807, -0.10130285185182512, -0.16063304248879232, -0.024782156220370357, 0.3124607820944043, -0.22702945858061246, -0.24554910421763296, 0.10616200690785219, -0.28524408091382103, -0.07702774789593206, 0.13902640001771677, -0.04474998363180131, -0.01682729101079664, 0.005596183186465102, 0.07860277483819007, -0.05182604670450773, -0.216811293741779, 0.3337417710941603, 0.015245819617653401, 0.29977586419781577, 0.10586115108269108, 0.05097804584813009, -0.04900713861215769, 0.04019262603371938, 0.06908018544548368, -0.10240773431058453, 0.09755299758256936, 0.19310733054270512, 0.02232235099370705, 0.17576855436966912, -0.46018095763127614, -0.2299097585119165, 0.05868667677306093, 0.15108170513796235, 0.1648638790619571, -0.03465276413878267, -0.2758898927096175, 0.0439301484219003, -0.14210950095410935, -0.156056808779107, 0.024669721478680802, -0.0036861959989636954, -0.1234808713453254, -0.26114623266607295, 0.11218613554246543, 0.03345784509700735, -0.00824992361381968, -0.05922916049716949, -0.06635270036899672, -0.06507095928934244, 0.09289957538372041, 0.1437622316127711, 0.10525598590032953, 0.14293247375001267, -0.20996543527823033, -0.11973904227559659, 0.38352413644741584, -0.08383663475739546, -0.2676443424751619, 0.2161393693900985, -0.19721241054272778, -0.07230816918095892, 0.09983071690516138, 0.11068195181546688, 0.13233008442782704, -0.11118136506588709, 0.15976289983358938, -0.019487791771364466, 0.15587371038755674, 0.13249383311968568, -0.018613813945770878, 0.2868910176958463, 0.09479948006876994, 0.045169644139383396, 0.1758731506763469, -0.07271654757801671, -0.129081074447973, -0.3907982477145951, -0.12563478759853397, -0.17034080336523447, 0.038512212242139646, -0.15623906237146357, -0.1651075058134, 0.3814459652867077, 0.12817085233846007, 0.17440840415088688, 0.026980118741559592, 0.24593808007903578, 0.09070671238175525, 0.10447821727664233, 0.09165364314472621, 0.3052938584119036, 0.10620178009394737, 0.10342871190244672, -0.25004516915764613, -0.049835514896208556, 0.10749846792257414] |
712.2787 | Lifetime and decay of unstable particles in strong gravitational fields | We consider here the decay of unstable particles in geodesic circular motion
around compact objects. For the neutron, in particular, strong and weak decay
are calculated by means of a semiclassical approach. Noticeable effects are
expected to occur as one approaches the photonic circular orbit of realistic
black-holes. We argue that, in such a limit,the quasi-thermal spectrum inherent
to extremely relativistic observers in circular motion plays a role similar to
the Unruh radiation for uniformly accelerated observers.
| gr-qc | we consider here the decay of unstable particles in geodesic circular motion around compact objects for the neutron in particular strong and weak decay are calculated by means of a semiclassical approach noticeable effects are expected to occur as one approaches the photonic circular orbit of realistic blackholes we argue that in such a limitthe quasithermal spectrum inherent to extremely relativistic observers in circular motion plays a role similar to the unruh radiation for uniformly accelerated observers | [['we', 'consider', 'here', 'the', 'decay', 'of', 'unstable', 'particles', 'in', 'geodesic', 'circular', 'motion', 'around', 'compact', 'objects', 'for', 'the', 'neutron', 'in', 'particular', 'strong', 'and', 'weak', 'decay', 'are', 'calculated', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'a', 'semiclassical', 'approach', 'noticeable', 'effects', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'occur', 'as', 'one', 'approaches', 'the', 'photonic', 'circular', 'orbit', 'of', 'realistic', 'blackholes', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'in', 'such', 'a', 'limitthe', 'quasithermal', 'spectrum', 'inherent', 'to', 'extremely', 'relativistic', 'observers', 'in', 'circular', 'motion', 'plays', 'a', 'role', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'unruh', 'radiation', 'for', 'uniformly', 'accelerated', 'observers']] | [-0.1381815285168667, 0.20456506678374944, -0.1057794560896015, 0.13813762846795916, -0.04922092040734632, -0.12213072956043791, -0.029584085726021947, 0.40321202489075725, -0.23462909209699212, -0.2536802850542711, 0.02843239184396414, -0.29173640091601133, -0.051768619954198986, 0.22010056343074744, -0.047676281229435624, 0.0649227463555607, 0.08869262476294458, 0.046581438597436846, -0.04933831976218657, -0.10690195546576196, 0.3227899636190336, 0.09924557379313878, 0.21775036996424005, -0.0188611750188586, 0.08757722199979154, 0.03446289773595024, 0.012806222184452338, 0.075292150743983, -0.0945593670450715, 0.06745215504756802, 0.19798836424680694, 0.043960876762866974, 0.23650889492944463, -0.4298091261200123, -0.21028274107821188, 0.1126207446999993, 0.1749003813178702, 0.15345623124052177, -0.10934774664891339, -0.28849587728595966, 0.07543529981638414, -0.1710227028067623, -0.20983144179494542, -0.03961436965732605, 0.0914656101278477, -0.01478879622413547, -0.21019977142477964, 0.11131406964449962, 0.10526994672035436, -0.01407240554932263, -0.09169160353939061, -0.023336570437804058, 0.0242486079102503, 0.09690073833425904, 0.09360438923188183, -0.005294885784206162, 0.18660645391308256, -0.0993594540670127, -0.11374354801539864, 0.4348867467858575, -0.10082346533558198, -0.17765967560593376, 0.170272398594912, -0.23485011182265816, -0.12690228671319298, 0.1713617898330286, 0.1961603506057003, 0.1825881151107515, -0.11089193644364934, 0.06002914546852835, -0.0057117117012475994, 0.0827637474119131, 0.10625330346648569, 0.09715729350127376, 0.3269622222121273, 0.11340320673650252, 0.005189821051506253, 0.12077780277165887, -0.11386783289203009, -0.10092628119640391, -0.3065255926740537, -0.12234575817567091, -0.13179847885939208, 0.0647166713394902, -0.08082367985206203, -0.18463506905192678, 0.3002574451739428, 0.12030612630164855, 0.1678879513985828, -0.02953587496629009, 0.28813334738279317, 0.09898123870960546, 0.011642957614226774, 0.11466109329326586, 0.36293018350752626, 0.12068681099887502, 0.06896831666107302, -0.2516762029210275, 0.0005596105112125735, 0.021982782351022415] |
712.2788 | Regularity of radial minimizers of reaction equations involving the
p-Laplacian | We consider semi-stable, radially symmetric, and decreasing solutions of a
reaction equation involving the p-Laplacian, where the reaction term is a
locally Lipschitz function, and the domain is the unit ball. For this class of
radial solutions, which includes local minimizers, we establish pointwise and
Sobolev estimates which are optimal and do not depend on the specific nonlinear
reaction term. Under standard assumptions we also prove the regularity of the
corresponding extremal solution.
| math.AP | we consider semistable radially symmetric and decreasing solutions of a reaction equation involving the plaplacian where the reaction term is a locally lipschitz function and the domain is the unit ball for this class of radial solutions which includes local minimizers we establish pointwise and sobolev estimates which are optimal and do not depend on the specific nonlinear reaction term under standard assumptions we also prove the regularity of the corresponding extremal solution | [['we', 'consider', 'semistable', 'radially', 'symmetric', 'and', 'decreasing', 'solutions', 'of', 'a', 'reaction', 'equation', 'involving', 'the', 'plaplacian', 'where', 'the', 'reaction', 'term', 'is', 'a', 'locally', 'lipschitz', 'function', 'and', 'the', 'domain', 'is', 'the', 'unit', 'ball', 'for', 'this', 'class', 'of', 'radial', 'solutions', 'which', 'includes', 'local', 'minimizers', 'we', 'establish', 'pointwise', 'and', 'sobolev', 'estimates', 'which', 'are', 'optimal', 'and', 'do', 'not', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'specific', 'nonlinear', 'reaction', 'term', 'under', 'standard', 'assumptions', 'we', 'also', 'prove', 'the', 'regularity', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'extremal', 'solution']] | [-0.11223313594492126, 0.036364961700986, -0.05036710407895878, 0.07940994983711216, -0.12927293684333563, -0.13964262882834427, -0.0032864512926707528, 0.3241879599653695, -0.321519985310223, -0.1561336529836671, 0.1655993028511995, -0.30226653725010894, -0.10731839618250115, 0.14532818041952353, -0.0759293845255081, 0.11332042853360715, 0.05534699225594124, 0.07361265940413084, -0.08264347953938764, -0.22317633080321733, 0.4381098006788182, -0.06893189074088858, 0.23115275147026532, 0.0930634179839877, 0.12006661310881274, -0.025546161745097218, -0.0020106250853979424, -0.023754886498240983, -0.2580062039451648, 0.10986481635027552, 0.19819697326891225, 0.05573014550434094, 0.29206129709539347, -0.41314712085135996, -0.20312531198030465, 0.19961459558992967, 0.10692299473137684, 0.06900027221744906, -0.05801757267191496, -0.2367337278205238, 0.10053945553795218, -0.07651076348791894, -0.1668219014823641, -0.07094728408304796, 0.020983609364508358, 0.1454147726826829, -0.37352957460416913, 0.13523107844569132, 0.11607481821197761, 0.015222155807973587, -0.21770490807391804, -0.08120877420759365, -0.036819908806212144, 0.04824660136045454, 0.07941023932533875, 0.05644463991374734, 0.10779039039314814, -0.09893872600036023, -0.02683972812270465, 0.33990471442676573, -0.09686679978000179, -0.33821022191901423, 0.12778787353803236, -0.1605290072421505, -0.09789016402058609, 0.0750337498237009, 0.16798949697093196, 0.2238605142098992, -0.14176720357818962, 0.18243112801319014, -0.05051651635934433, 0.14133034964978747, 0.10569757141479075, 0.021474782176545425, 0.04184173613990823, 0.10945841258595863, 0.20250107180040125, 0.14637631188108496, -0.03100451518628389, -0.14877179374739732, -0.39507657667137175, -0.14774417650107652, -0.12263211551479587, 0.12610119466740824, -0.13114745045409296, -0.21788503280649446, 0.3778496481835434, 0.022879348056947444, 0.15940932319053028, 0.1243513558372498, 0.16673739100104734, 0.17769890437412955, 0.029904799178650934, 0.12613654601043217, 0.2340154723608739, 0.10117469280192705, 0.09571808332271159, -0.21080642681543346, 0.08399945369296491, 0.1439457572358724] |
712.2789 | Trading in Risk Dimensions (TRD) | Previous work, mostly published, developed two-shell recursive trading
systems. An inner-shell of Canonical Momenta Indicators (CMI) is adaptively fit
to incoming market data. A parameterized trading-rule outer-shell uses the
global optimization code Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) to fit the trading
system to historical data. A simple fitting algorithm, usually not requiring
ASA, is used for the inner-shell fit. An additional risk-management
middle-shell has been added to create a three-shell recursive
optimization/sampling/fitting algorithm. Portfolio-level distributions of
copula-transformed multivariate distributions (with constituent markets
possessing different marginal distributions in returns space) are generated by
Monte Carlo samplings. ASA is used to importance-sample weightings of these
markets.
The core code, Trading in Risk Dimensions (TRD), processes Training and
Testing trading systems on historical data, and consistently interacts with
RealTime trading platforms at minute resolutions, but this scale can be
modified. This approach transforms constituent probability distributions into a
common space where it makes sense to develop correlations to further develop
probability distributions and risk/uncertainty analyses of the full portfolio.
ASA is used for importance-sampling these distributions and for optimizing
system parameters.
| cs.CE cs.NA | previous work mostly published developed twoshell recursive trading systems an innershell of canonical momenta indicators cmi is adaptively fit to incoming market data a parameterized tradingrule outershell uses the global optimization code adaptive simulated annealing asa to fit the trading system to historical data a simple fitting algorithm usually not requiring asa is used for the innershell fit an additional riskmanagement middleshell has been added to create a threeshell recursive optimizationsamplingfitting algorithm portfoliolevel distributions of copulatransformed multivariate distributions with constituent markets possessing different marginal distributions in returns space are generated by monte carlo samplings asa is used to importancesample weightings of these markets the core code trading in risk dimensions trd processes training and testing trading systems on historical data and consistently interacts with realtime trading platforms at minute resolutions 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712.279 | Self-assembly, structure and electronic properties of a quasiperiodic
lead monolayer | A quasiperiodic Pb monolayer has been formed on the five-fold surface of the
Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal. Growth of the monolayer proceeds via self-assembly of an
interconnected network of pentagonal Pb stars, which are shown to be
tau-inflated compared to similar structural elements of the quasiperiodic
substrate. Measurements of the electronic structure of the system using
scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy
reveal that the Pb monolayer displays a pseudo-gap at the Fermi level which is
directly related to its quasiperiodic structure.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a quasiperiodic pb monolayer has been formed on the fivefold surface of the alpdmn quasicrystal growth of the monolayer proceeds via selfassembly of an interconnected network of pentagonal pb stars which are shown to be tauinflated compared to similar structural elements of the quasiperiodic substrate measurements of the electronic structure of the system using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy reveal that the pb monolayer displays a pseudogap at the fermi level which is directly related to its quasiperiodic structure | [['a', 'quasiperiodic', 'pb', 'monolayer', 'has', 'been', 'formed', 'on', 'the', 'fivefold', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'alpdmn', 'quasicrystal', 'growth', 'of', 'the', 'monolayer', 'proceeds', 'via', 'selfassembly', 'of', 'an', 'interconnected', 'network', 'of', 'pentagonal', 'pb', 'stars', 'which', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'tauinflated', 'compared', 'to', 'similar', 'structural', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'quasiperiodic', 'substrate', 'measurements', 'of', 'the', 'electronic', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'using', 'scanning', 'tunnelling', 'spectroscopy', 'and', 'ultraviolet', 'photoemission', 'spectroscopy', 'reveal', 'that', 'the', 'pb', 'monolayer', 'displays', 'a', 'pseudogap', 'at', 'the', 'fermi', 'level', 'which', 'is', 'directly', 'related', 'to', 'its', 'quasiperiodic', 'structure']] | [-0.1372334998784936, 0.11701533167670278, -0.08707743925042451, 0.011144266855262685, -0.012740722601301968, -0.12155117766815238, 0.09607774218311534, 0.3987673716095742, -0.29698613362852483, -0.27258095043944197, -0.008437890943605452, -0.3524374009808525, -0.15844486346468328, 0.1921610368328402, 0.03209774335846305, 0.054320671117602616, 0.010692669096169994, -0.04350839671533322, -0.11247550792468246, -0.22684361708988945, 0.26654530460946263, 0.08465561348712072, 0.2891137914877618, 0.04868871855142061, 0.0343417243740987, -0.02593769220111426, 0.12420059101423249, 0.01207400503772078, -0.15489847910112076, 0.12179531994661374, 0.21213722730462906, -0.07725813983415719, 0.16135112034971827, -0.4693962751189247, -0.20867252990428825, -0.04433746503200382, 0.13929809036199003, 0.11212441828974988, -0.0766156293990207, -0.28090653896797446, 0.09052199485013261, -0.09702757523045875, -0.10648313365818467, -0.052365410071797666, -0.05201410144218244, 0.028695255982893287, -0.18105859348579542, 0.08286233761609765, 0.007763692052685655, 0.11076973211020232, -0.0917759651565575, -0.05315159868187038, -0.18044582780566998, 0.03413500788155943, 0.006390624158666469, 0.048043073436201664, 0.18410990176198538, -0.07026174691272899, -0.13444496006704867, 0.40750212329439817, -0.028287286180420777, -0.03018765014130622, 0.20480769574642183, -0.2264605677453801, -0.10313624210539274, 0.22742294874042274, 0.11257344732293859, 0.10913071322720498, -0.16578309382020961, 0.07956336258721422, -0.05704435614170507, 0.25442839954048396, 0.1398441159457434, 0.07282351547037251, 0.25398956540157086, 0.2771716443821788, 0.010431856417562812, 0.12451183755038073, -0.16033000875322614, 0.006911540357396007, -0.16395315990084783, -0.15128732442390175, -0.20023147364263422, 0.07721908000530675, -0.05314791385881108, -0.24448073471830867, 0.39683614620007573, 0.043185590027133, 0.22573663952352946, -0.09924877049925271, 0.18356813981517917, 0.13072698102187133, 0.10397974748630076, -0.047456137795234096, 0.2562117809604388, 0.18025706744519993, 0.1003545900071913, -0.2911223529430572, 0.0743232793349307, 0.02855649040429853] |
712.2791 | X-Ray Flaring on the dMe Star, Ross 154 | We present results from two Chandra imaging observations of Ross 154, a
nearby flaring M dwarf star. During a 61-ks ACIS-S exposure, a very large flare
occurred (the equivalent of a solar X3400 event, with L_X = 1.8x10^30 ergs/s)
in which the count rate increased by a factor of over 100. The early phase of
the flare shows evidence for the Neupert effect, followed by a further rise and
then a two-component exponential decay. A large flare was also observed at the
end of a later 48-ks HRC-I observation. Emission from the non-flaring phases of
both observations was analyzed for evidence of low level flaring. From these
temporal studies we find that microflaring probably accounts for most of the
`quiescent' emission, and that, unlike for the Sun and the handful of other
stars that have been studied, the distribution of flare intensities does not
appear to follow a power-law with a single index. Analysis of the ACIS spectra,
which was complicated by exclusion of the heavily piled-up source core,
suggests that the quiescent Ne/O abundance ratio is enhanced by a factor of
~2.5 compared to the commonly adopted solar abundance ratio, and that the Ne/O
ratio and overall coronal metallicity during the flare appear to be enhanced
relative to quiescent abundances. Based on the temperatures and emission
measures derived from the spectral fits, we estimate the length scales and
plasma densities in the flaring volume and also track the evolution of the
flare in color-intensity space. Lastly, we searched for a stellar-wind
charge-exchange X-ray halo around the star but without success; because of the
relationship between mass-loss rate and the halo surface brightness, not even
an upper limit on the stellar mass-loss rate can be determined.
| astro-ph | we present results from two chandra imaging observations of ross 154 a nearby flaring m dwarf star during a 61ks aciss exposure a very large flare occurred the equivalent of a solar x3400 event with l_x 18x1030 ergss in which the count rate increased by a factor of over 100 the early phase of the flare shows evidence for the neupert effect followed by a further rise and then a twocomponent exponential decay a large flare was also observed at the end of a later 48ks hrci observation emission from the nonflaring phases of both observations was analyzed for evidence of low level flaring from these temporal studies we find that microflaring probably accounts for most of the quiescent emission and that unlike for the sun and the handful of other stars that have been studied the distribution of flare intensities does not appear to follow a powerlaw with a single index analysis of the acis spectra which was complicated by exclusion of the heavily piledup source core suggests that the quiescent neo abundance ratio is enhanced by a factor of 25 compared to the commonly adopted solar abundance ratio and that the neo ratio and overall coronal metallicity during the flare appear to be enhanced relative to quiescent abundances based on the temperatures and emission measures derived from the spectral fits we estimate the length scales and plasma densities in the flaring volume and also track the evolution of the flare in colorintensity space lastly we searched for a stellarwind chargeexchange xray halo around the star but without success because of the relationship between massloss rate and the halo surface brightness not even an upper limit on the stellar massloss rate can be determined | [['we', 'present', 'results', 'from', 'two', 'chandra', 'imaging', 'observations', 'of', 'ross', '154', 'a', 'nearby', 'flaring', 'm', 'dwarf', 'star', 'during', 'a', '61ks', 'aciss', 'exposure', 'a', 'very', 'large', 'flare', 'occurred', 'the', 'equivalent', 'of', 'a', 'solar', 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'follow', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'with', 'a', 'single', 'index', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'acis', 'spectra', 'which', 'was', 'complicated', 'by', 'exclusion', 'of', 'the', 'heavily', 'piledup', 'source', 'core', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'quiescent', 'neo', 'abundance', 'ratio', 'is', 'enhanced', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '25', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'commonly', 'adopted', 'solar', 'abundance', 'ratio', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'neo', 'ratio', 'and', 'overall', 'coronal', 'metallicity', 'during', 'the', 'flare', 'appear', 'to', 'be', 'enhanced', 'relative', 'to', 'quiescent', 'abundances', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'temperatures', 'and', 'emission', 'measures', 'derived', 'from', 'the', 'spectral', 'fits', 'we', 'estimate', 'the', 'length', 'scales', 'and', 'plasma', 'densities', 'in', 'the', 'flaring', 'volume', 'and', 'also', 'track', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'flare', 'in', 'colorintensity', 'space', 'lastly', 'we', 'searched', 'for', 'a', 'stellarwind', 'chargeexchange', 'xray', 'halo', 'around', 'the', 'star', 'but', 'without', 'success', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'massloss', 'rate', 'and', 'the', 'halo', 'surface', 'brightness', 'not', 'even', 'an', 'upper', 'limit', 'on', 'the', 'stellar', 'massloss', 'rate', 'can', 'be', 'determined']] | [-0.045388607957874326, 0.1606871571588712, -0.07848206537286212, 0.12349149477427819, -0.05006368826574305, -0.06540955866859344, 0.07656169355535396, 0.4168304593842543, -0.13069737071106774, -0.3855062225664505, 0.08572377972313107, -0.2645510089620152, -0.056502464503502256, 0.21991902734550692, -0.04608661084339765, -0.0236836441538174, 0.07945891432596695, -0.01696760581538671, -0.06317276166614437, -0.2286836074141527, 0.2562472094293664, 0.10667270628795081, 0.21136383948270962, 0.016690620686133886, 0.06000523896244921, -0.08968586151987758, -0.06798771914141087, -0.007380420019045585, -0.12346181051978684, 0.041586539126415585, 0.19442986437986237, 0.1305981586663238, 0.1915129624320413, 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-0.03922313202530464, -0.2351533302977628, -0.11047544974267808, -0.12493933529760423, 0.08498830854069538, -0.10986183164097506, -0.1449226319460112, 0.38764189358044987, 0.0984050977400925, 0.252431211979841, 0.029100815977675845, 0.26150292191269986, 0.13079617944715075, 0.07830246277418637, 0.13192830725002425, 0.3092960718906488, 0.1598873710706399, 0.11459807962886791, -0.24656128715408893, 0.11794682911446391, 0.023926529193999662] |
712.2792 | The copies of any permutation pattern are asymptotically normal | We prove that the number of copies of any given permutation pattern $q$ has
an asymptotically normal distribution in random permutations.
| math.CO math.PR | we prove that the number of copies of any given permutation pattern q has an asymptotically normal distribution in random permutations | [['we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'copies', 'of', 'any', 'given', 'permutation', 'pattern', 'q', 'has', 'an', 'asymptotically', 'normal', 'distribution', 'in', 'random', 'permutations']] | [-0.22388149199209043, 0.24676584459666628, -0.10221719502338342, -0.03866166284396535, -0.006895666321118672, -0.11126899142705259, 0.054096383574817865, 0.3538064841358435, -0.2831379486513989, -0.24544089145603634, 0.018007554374413474, -0.2744654597980635, -0.1282428525210846, 0.09048935114627793, -0.16756891055653492, 0.06457470676728658, 0.024440228273825988, 0.1620452789855855, -0.056542471705359365, -0.32682859365429195, 0.29422934725880623, -0.07896098636445545, 0.3330569536913009, -0.11074129882312957, 0.09117439140876134, 0.09129063856034052, -0.01388155704452878, -0.008871172554790974, -0.11007303714792388, -0.03843914389255501, 0.20281417490470977, 0.24770038595999636, 0.220755897462368, -0.36362787939253305, -0.116717084000508, 0.2993222531818208, 0.2244737452516953, 0.08518122628863369, -0.08858150595222555, -0.19569065608084202, 0.1882941337036235, -0.16316873766481876, -0.1724439232743212, 0.008051540480837935, 0.10714245605326835, 0.03544238251855686, -0.3418727515354043, -0.038886012021629585, 0.1380157560287487, 0.08353827853820153, 0.07788517292855042, -0.14091714573580594, -0.002460322431510403, 0.10928994787502147, 0.06505561007985047, 0.05138664269110277, 0.017085620472373973, -0.08835908433511144, -0.1759096807135003, 0.3184040882402942, 0.006831379119484197, -0.28626205594766707, 0.0402310990417997, -0.21207786812668755, -0.17103063510287375, 0.10817909081067358, 0.0900272750960929, 0.12003871576771849, -0.05570774259311812, 0.14525942282662505, -0.22689183180530867, 0.1684183348857221, 0.1696560542498316, -0.01306187492307453, 0.1306650210171938, 0.047917542358239494, 0.15643034012810814, 0.1991418945115237, -0.055806717702320645, -0.017873467611415044, -0.3380468033608936, -0.12975597931515603, -0.24753806154642785, 0.11945669743276778, -0.23724940521199078, -0.2838867925817058, 0.37180839017743156, 0.08687513281724282, 0.2209506423678249, 0.14431704922268787, 0.17703547940722533, 0.11983263319624322, 0.006601212989716302, 0.12277622112915629, -0.003902531982887359, 0.18928507963816324, -0.13015933485612982, -0.14146782076429754, 0.11017190713790201, 0.10023677380134662] |
712.2793 | B-L Conserved Baryogenesis | In the presence of anomaly induced sphaleron process, only a B-L asymmetry
can be partially converted to the baryon asymmetry while any B+L asymmetry
would be completely erased. Thus in any successful baryogenesis theories, B-L
is usually violated above the electroweak scale to explain the observed
matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. However, if any lepton asymmetry
is not affected by the sphaleron processes, a B-L conserved theory can still
realize the baryogenesis. We present here an SU(5) GUT realization of this
scenario, which naturally accommodates small masses of Dirac neutrinos.
| hep-ph | in the presence of anomaly induced sphaleron process only a bl asymmetry can be partially converted to the baryon asymmetry while any bl asymmetry would be completely erased thus in any successful baryogenesis theories bl is usually violated above the electroweak scale to explain the observed matterantimatter asymmetry of the universe however if any lepton asymmetry is not affected by the sphaleron processes a bl conserved theory can still realize the baryogenesis we present here an su5 gut realization of this scenario which naturally accommodates small masses of dirac neutrinos | [['in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'anomaly', 'induced', 'sphaleron', 'process', 'only', 'a', 'bl', 'asymmetry', 'can', 'be', 'partially', 'converted', 'to', 'the', 'baryon', 'asymmetry', 'while', 'any', 'bl', 'asymmetry', 'would', 'be', 'completely', 'erased', 'thus', 'in', 'any', 'successful', 'baryogenesis', 'theories', 'bl', 'is', 'usually', 'violated', 'above', 'the', 'electroweak', 'scale', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'observed', 'matterantimatter', 'asymmetry', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'however', 'if', 'any', 'lepton', 'asymmetry', 'is', 'not', 'affected', 'by', 'the', 'sphaleron', 'processes', 'a', 'bl', 'conserved', 'theory', 'can', 'still', 'realize', 'the', 'baryogenesis', 'we', 'present', 'here', 'an', 'su5', 'gut', 'realization', 'of', 'this', 'scenario', 'which', 'naturally', 'accommodates', 'small', 'masses', 'of', 'dirac', 'neutrinos']] | [-0.12984687767327865, 0.335381644653939, -0.029421096842917098, 0.20588092516742715, -0.14526338826140595, -0.1832662414267866, 0.040914795605931434, 0.2895045765184073, -0.25111397498597704, -0.3225975268830856, 0.04192544758164634, -0.1759685754051639, -0.0096421850224336, 0.05044585247006681, -0.03864525669875244, -0.05113150528373404, -0.0426497669903458, -0.03923980730275313, -0.0015363944332218832, -0.23915148913963802, 0.2539428295205451, 0.05115234959715356, 0.2516316706573384, 0.08439298269028465, 0.08254696341334945, -0.1029212404249443, 0.015769190558542808, -0.037863985852648815, -0.01605179263278842, -0.0013801077219088458, 0.19626533784386185, 0.08255993066252106, 0.08077191286202934, -0.401147929020226, -0.23504086919128894, 0.2948107755794707, 0.20333843710573596, 0.17691947904337818, -0.12838658624225194, -0.32102995781848825, 0.116168481297791, -0.17892366198357196, -0.1412178752478212, -0.0720440486083842, -0.049528060108423234, -0.17757550052871618, -0.3461862079954396, 0.17082550471596833, -0.01431972650397155, -0.04257549079548981, -0.006858109237833155, -0.02661734356855353, -0.12647103189697695, -0.01671050012939506, 0.17626123383557166, -0.010571937715738184, 0.17257297481410205, -0.1733035884357782, -0.17089060196239086, 0.4562094248831272, -0.030963583202618692, -0.13436017333943812, 0.07323944759296461, -0.2142095066451778, -0.21631283863551087, 0.1201348862817718, 0.09269762047462993, 0.11112510741998752, -0.17998077683150768, 0.16012001642439927, -0.07205301304347814, 0.17642830802748602, 0.05061453604527439, 0.023568358158485757, 0.3670587345181654, 0.1635084267705679, 0.04921681062421865, -0.00022823656650467053, -0.020603246847167613, -0.028839005203917623, -0.47661097060061164, -0.08884896208635634, -0.16587463000582325, 0.10734225862106542, -0.04343312188155121, -0.08215900883078575, 0.4118486766962128, 0.1585372911662691, 0.25719906308998663, -0.02178237553194372, 0.2964086265768856, 0.11183044437784702, 0.15500305901385017, 0.01316846850224667, 0.29650992204745613, 0.1099932597975971, 0.14664959257934243, -0.26386237532262585, 0.10179589877500095, 0.052511782851070166] |
712.2794 | Some Progress in Conformal Geometry | This is a survey paper of our current research on the theory of partial
differential equations in conformal geometry. Our intention is to describe some
of our current works in a rather brief and expository fashion. We are not
giving a comprehensive survey on the subject and references cited here are not
intended to be complete. We introduce a bubble tree structure to study the
degeneration of a class of Yamabe metrics on Bach flat manifolds satisfying
some global conformal bounds on compact manifolds of dimension 4. As
applications, we establish a gap theorem, a finiteness theorem for
diffeomorphism type for this class, and diameter bound of the
$\sigma_2$-metrics in a class of conformal 4-manifolds. For conformally compact
Einstein metrics we introduce an eigenfunction compactification. As a
consequence we obtain some topological constraints in terms of renormalized
volumes.
| math.DG math.AP | this is a survey paper of our current research on the theory of partial differential equations in conformal geometry our intention is to describe some of our current works in a rather brief and expository fashion we are not giving a comprehensive survey on the subject and references cited here are not intended to be complete we introduce a bubble tree structure to study the degeneration of a class of yamabe metrics on bach flat manifolds satisfying some global conformal bounds on compact manifolds of dimension 4 as applications we establish a gap theorem a finiteness theorem for diffeomorphism type for this class and diameter bound of the sigma_2metrics in a class of conformal 4manifolds for conformally compact einstein metrics we introduce an eigenfunction compactification as a consequence we obtain some topological constraints in terms of renormalized volumes | [['this', 'is', 'a', 'survey', 'paper', 'of', 'our', 'current', 'research', 'on', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'partial', 'differential', 'equations', 'in', 'conformal', 'geometry', 'our', 'intention', 'is', 'to', 'describe', 'some', 'of', 'our', 'current', 'works', 'in', 'a', 'rather', 'brief', 'and', 'expository', 'fashion', 'we', 'are', 'not', 'giving', 'a', 'comprehensive', 'survey', 'on', 'the', 'subject', 'and', 'references', 'cited', 'here', 'are', 'not', 'intended', 'to', 'be', 'complete', 'we', 'introduce', 'a', 'bubble', 'tree', 'structure', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'degeneration', 'of', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'yamabe', 'metrics', 'on', 'bach', 'flat', 'manifolds', 'satisfying', 'some', 'global', 'conformal', 'bounds', 'on', 'compact', 'manifolds', 'of', 'dimension', '4', 'as', 'applications', 'we', 'establish', 'a', 'gap', 'theorem', 'a', 'finiteness', 'theorem', 'for', 'diffeomorphism', 'type', 'for', 'this', 'class', 'and', 'diameter', 'bound', 'of', 'the', 'sigma_2metrics', 'in', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'conformal', '4manifolds', 'for', 'conformally', 'compact', 'einstein', 'metrics', 'we', 'introduce', 'an', 'eigenfunction', 'compactification', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'we', 'obtain', 'some', 'topological', 'constraints', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'renormalized', 'volumes']] | [-0.16240927403330477, 0.04381840915198652, -0.07922571686089691, 0.09490783558138748, -0.1627627622139008, -0.09403024427252855, 0.001049160093993601, 0.3327712476471045, -0.19295880640347074, -0.25492583458009344, 0.14237201640239652, -0.275874307243167, -0.16948326777014203, 0.20050563307200306, -0.1538386740993681, 0.012204556284050871, 0.04018616173620315, 0.06611283451495488, -0.1043328153662873, -0.2851844186619278, 0.42290121722408996, -0.00592724657719479, 0.2433357055453638, 0.12511085655648996, 0.09162735586720824, -0.05884307540993947, -0.04604668442812497, 0.054859590866215474, -0.21705825086071218, 0.15893762505079626, 0.2705514669676658, 0.1065458650139915, 0.22986769625393633, -0.3777358342424361, -0.1890075990563109, 0.09433816368249755, 0.09609260215648334, 0.12046407355865749, -0.04970371332801335, -0.3064358508024011, 0.10512107029135753, -0.13097202233642163, -0.1751790014979341, -0.09508112756820926, 0.006727548030606151, -0.020760701525698068, -0.19395212690646754, 0.035220686713383145, 0.11909071133764339, 0.09417711044185842, -0.08482156449548194, -0.06811828478273467, 0.0222579248735586, 0.07457830051867713, 0.02913629055366491, 0.05296175137508905, 0.09288997714319368, -0.1087286876927531, -0.11130779782432491, 0.35809148526512574, -0.09740900787092358, -0.2699582328761581, 0.13282680408570263, -0.10636630071068767, -0.21122769460109245, 0.06412055450287668, 0.18825880809598705, 0.1827136099918059, -0.13794997286936947, 0.14271617357076968, -0.07892061293764162, 0.10078497442423645, 0.07570749950717563, 0.05020243626930853, 0.16942071673344739, 0.14942220940057488, 0.14489697013730116, 0.14450388045107987, 0.004915757703401121, -0.06417549613618502, -0.4057465353912681, -0.19776324266916223, -0.13627642949696386, 0.17507235177331196, -0.07088462316614226, -0.22179466160269196, 0.4167100312868065, 0.06591457751229912, 0.18427193775623493, 0.12952762204188392, 0.22693891446004166, 0.047316727440049666, 0.04470177881936305, 0.06929762971104823, 0.18292775548918913, 0.17382008820962513, 0.08870587941942343, -0.10746445903472983, -0.050130361150678274, 0.1585513509548249] |
712.2795 | The seeds of cosmic structures as a door to Quantum Gravity Phenomena | This paper contains a critique of the standard inflationary account of the
origin of cosmological structures from quantum fluctuations in the early
universe. This critique can be thought to be purely philosophical in nature,
but I prefer to view it, rather, as arising from the need to put the
interpretational aspects of the theory -which quite obviously lie at the basis
of any comparison with experiments- on the firm grounds required by the unique
features of the problem at hand. This discussion is followed by a proposal to
complement that treatment to deal with the unsatisfactory aspects of the
standard account of the problem, using Penrose's ideas about the quantum
gravity induced collapse of the quantum states of matter fields. The formalism
developed to carry out this analysis was first introduced in [1] and leads to
unexpected predictions and to novel avenues to confront some of the details of
the proposal with observations. In my view, this is, therefore, the most
promising path towards quantum gravity phenomenology.
| gr-qc | this paper contains a critique of the standard inflationary account of the origin of cosmological structures from quantum fluctuations in the early universe this critique can be thought to be purely philosophical in nature but i prefer to view it rather as arising from the need to put the interpretational aspects of the theory which quite obviously lie at the basis of any comparison with experiments on the firm grounds required by the unique features of the problem at hand this discussion is followed by a proposal to complement that treatment to deal with the unsatisfactory aspects of the standard account of the problem using penroses ideas about the quantum gravity induced collapse of the quantum states of matter fields the formalism developed to carry out this analysis was first introduced in 1 and leads to unexpected predictions and to novel avenues to confront some of the details of the proposal with observations in my view this is therefore the most promising path towards quantum gravity phenomenology | [['this', 'paper', 'contains', 'a', 'critique', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'inflationary', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'cosmological', 'structures', 'from', 'quantum', 'fluctuations', 'in', 'the', 'early', 'universe', 'this', 'critique', 'can', 'be', 'thought', 'to', 'be', 'purely', 'philosophical', 'in', 'nature', 'but', 'i', 'prefer', 'to', 'view', 'it', 'rather', 'as', 'arising', 'from', 'the', 'need', 'to', 'put', 'the', 'interpretational', 'aspects', 'of', 'the', 'theory', 'which', 'quite', 'obviously', 'lie', 'at', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'any', 'comparison', 'with', 'experiments', 'on', 'the', 'firm', 'grounds', 'required', 'by', 'the', 'unique', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'at', 'hand', 'this', 'discussion', 'is', 'followed', 'by', 'a', 'proposal', 'to', 'complement', 'that', 'treatment', 'to', 'deal', 'with', 'the', 'unsatisfactory', 'aspects', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'account', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'using', 'penroses', 'ideas', 'about', 'the', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'induced', 'collapse', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'states', 'of', 'matter', 'fields', 'the', 'formalism', 'developed', 'to', 'carry', 'out', 'this', 'analysis', 'was', 'first', 'introduced', 'in', '1', 'and', 'leads', 'to', 'unexpected', 'predictions', 'and', 'to', 'novel', 'avenues', 'to', 'confront', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'proposal', 'with', 'observations', 'in', 'my', 'view', 'this', 'is', 'therefore', 'the', 'most', 'promising', 'path', 'towards', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'phenomenology']] | [-0.07045986280709639, 0.09006911215705596, -0.16561057752355218, 0.06545632390457368, -0.12686130903559475, -0.12732844190598147, 0.04272800719736333, 0.2829612113011187, -0.23643235643993796, -0.3114620739437952, 0.07699614804911477, -0.2583384569511264, -0.14053018959685268, 0.17323068902314737, -0.07450902553705555, -0.012921625590035525, 0.044528572981853684, 0.015890218713460212, -0.05948934836165344, -0.2372221101889621, 0.33923892241283626, 0.12233662557046482, 0.252864197203276, 0.057572923024870944, 0.06088392649258593, -0.03516567812244056, -0.061298114389828046, 0.03714861820624796, -0.13456535061235256, 0.142292861488974, 0.2495561267812541, 0.14525409215994314, 0.28920438761766587, -0.4554047137944998, -0.23565757813902494, 0.07907267636061831, 0.09855670904988859, 0.15637723742886642, -0.03991522765815994, -0.31593810658188104, 0.06536166142173179, -0.13392648722106468, -0.1508511587096278, -0.043887400269106834, -0.005409153423015541, -0.07545481271877914, -0.18105792625623193, 0.054259724031456236, 0.06593662738998024, 0.01244507861340385, -0.02552768863559126, -0.09384773710385678, 0.048662789115782625, 0.09411930762967485, 0.11516268735313732, 0.05019466897743213, 0.10425919724327183, -0.14724595412248773, -0.15007932513567457, 0.4467302176789074, -0.025531654530567324, -0.15693422753230005, 0.183239302434122, -0.14092211255770243, -0.164434687638778, 0.0821724590374168, 0.09931912688917653, 0.08119982271873487, -0.13705256715428063, 0.07974508295496535, 0.013345330881099859, 0.12576483368237842, 0.022576686541388134, 0.046846641899605176, 0.28943677830307163, 0.1568760556060107, 0.0015513334244846584, 0.10541356635045729, -0.031036816982128575, -0.13488453508404916, -0.36162831124565203, -0.14463081124256882, -0.1457577514891585, 0.08554324537479391, -0.03158808291125011, -0.14734939417507623, 0.401018972670336, 0.2294814909953334, 0.19427828348805, 0.003465333745067571, 0.28501355127308764, 0.07331781716624129, 0.05288063744808028, 0.02081187963374182, 0.2677584397698917, 0.14000281779385523, 0.10502782178339325, -0.1860292250775693, 0.04344757020049645, 0.03225000424611711] |
712.2796 | Central cross-sections make surfaces of revolution quadric | We prove here that when all planes transverse and nearly perpendicular to the
axis of a surface of revolution intersect it in loops having central symmetry,
the surface must be quadric. It follows that the quadrics are the only surfaces
of revolution without skewloops. Similar statements hold for hypersurfaces of
revolution in higher dimensions.
| math.DG | we prove here that when all planes transverse and nearly perpendicular to the axis of a surface of revolution intersect it in loops having central symmetry the surface must be quadric it follows that the quadrics are the only surfaces of revolution without skewloops similar statements hold for hypersurfaces of revolution in higher dimensions | [['we', 'prove', 'here', 'that', 'when', 'all', 'planes', 'transverse', 'and', 'nearly', 'perpendicular', 'to', 'the', 'axis', 'of', 'a', 'surface', 'of', 'revolution', 'intersect', 'it', 'in', 'loops', 'having', 'central', 'symmetry', 'the', 'surface', 'must', 'be', 'quadric', 'it', 'follows', 'that', 'the', 'quadrics', 'are', 'the', 'only', 'surfaces', 'of', 'revolution', 'without', 'skewloops', 'similar', 'statements', 'hold', 'for', 'hypersurfaces', 'of', 'revolution', 'in', 'higher', 'dimensions']] | [-0.19788721029839987, 0.12355200981475273, -0.06081280555084066, 0.05768449332143338, -0.04793172086290312, -0.14308716848334474, -0.06268134249268838, 0.4082981781014856, -0.22389900821419256, -0.25742984624614695, 0.11104268219128673, -0.29810117494385197, -0.09908030709286905, 0.24404412065193337, -0.1277275971699295, 0.011405379698119776, 0.041147173153904246, 0.018935130311633058, -0.1062684854896704, -0.33720626872261317, 0.37690044588075494, -0.09774290621807834, 0.25512586037171475, 0.0769779629355191, 0.07063811409445304, 0.05146788413864824, 0.1231816936468811, 0.03889818073092204, -0.12184089943376712, 0.11771329706710465, 0.20791103848133166, 0.037627719637041666, 0.1374280494725648, -0.44601675762601617, -0.18825690516815433, 0.11517469978557443, 0.14741453448451072, 0.10132303826932637, 0.000718698542529963, -0.16649287355677136, 0.10378124257373922, -0.06825139851502653, -0.267139333651735, -0.03011822340271945, 0.05378951873841151, -0.003370670909237749, -0.10925621015705028, 0.06579741034305321, 0.16869079799584621, 0.1599719376953424, -0.06375648210897057, -0.04946004133671522, -0.16664509454144621, 0.11022021116980985, 0.09804815118956678, 0.1209387693835317, 0.09570223992066633, -0.06192712923336142, -0.09091436161817808, 0.4182837840239957, 0.017570936516419333, -0.22902445256147744, 0.14043796999612823, -0.2645774347672485, -0.11001946670793981, 0.1646997351550831, 0.19580183512056773, 0.12681475331795947, -0.074720423841324, 0.09587172530525592, -0.05976294648816001, 0.09326518938507673, 0.17056169918791023, -0.0680167642509881, 0.25322767674378205, 0.04626365748831546, 0.1334515789277711, 0.058952320294612844, -0.05745337889441904, -0.0740662311238922, -0.3601755046478982, -0.29235561131411847, -0.16047747064390624, 0.08063164233880223, -0.09520689805915782, -0.15734072948612696, 0.35184382705263934, 0.04870912921175642, 0.20365367251676772, 0.03302982822060585, 0.2679482280223999, 0.030341404103586135, 0.14981710766705703, 0.127393591692144, 0.26122513638352446, 0.15013198378794598, 0.015261870185088998, -0.06418850988957961, -0.005734784932771944, 0.04569120843947496] |
712.2797 | Charge pumping and noise in a one-dimensional wire with weak
electron-electron interactions | We consider the adiabatic pumping of charge through a mesoscopic one
dimensional wire in the presence of electron-electron interactions. A two-delta
potential model is used to describe the wire, which allows to obtain exactly
the scattering matrix coefficients, which are renormalized by the interactions.
Two periodic drives, shifted one from another, are applied at two locations of
the wire in order to drive a current through it in the absence of bias.
Analytical expressions are obtained for the pumped charge, current noise, and
Fano factor in different regimes. This allows to explore pumping for the whole
parameter range of pumping strengths. We show that, working close to a
resonance is necessary to have a comfortable window of pumping amplitudes where
charge quantization is close to the optimum value: a single electron charge is
transferred in one cycle. Interactions can improve the situation, the charge
$Q$ is closer to one electron charge and noise is reduced, following a $Q
(1-Q)$ behavior, reminiscent of the reduction of noise in quantum wires by $T
(1-T)$, where $T$ is the energy transmission coefficient. For large pumping
amplitudes, this charge vanishes, noise also decreases but slower than the
charge.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we consider the adiabatic pumping of charge through a mesoscopic one dimensional wire in the presence of electronelectron interactions a twodelta potential model is used to describe the wire which allows to obtain exactly the scattering matrix coefficients which are renormalized by the interactions two periodic drives shifted one from another are applied at two locations of the wire in order to drive a current through it in the absence of bias analytical expressions are obtained for the pumped charge current noise and fano factor in different regimes this allows to explore pumping for the whole parameter range of pumping strengths we show that working close to a resonance is necessary to have a comfortable window of pumping amplitudes where charge quantization is close to the optimum value a single electron charge is transferred in one cycle interactions can improve the situation the charge q is closer to one electron charge and noise is reduced following a q 1q behavior reminiscent of the reduction of noise in quantum wires by t 1t where t is the energy transmission coefficient for large pumping amplitudes this charge vanishes noise also decreases but slower than the charge | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'pumping', 'of', 'charge', 'through', 'a', 'mesoscopic', 'one', 'dimensional', 'wire', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'electronelectron', 'interactions', 'a', 'twodelta', 'potential', 'model', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'wire', 'which', 'allows', 'to', 'obtain', 'exactly', 'the', 'scattering', 'matrix', 'coefficients', 'which', 'are', 'renormalized', 'by', 'the', 'interactions', 'two', 'periodic', 'drives', 'shifted', 'one', 'from', 'another', 'are', 'applied', 'at', 'two', 'locations', 'of', 'the', 'wire', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'drive', 'a', 'current', 'through', 'it', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'bias', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'are', 'obtained', 'for', 'the', 'pumped', 'charge', 'current', 'noise', 'and', 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712.2798 | A convergent Finite Element-Finite Volume scheme for the compressible
Stokes problem Part I -- the isothermal case | In this paper, we propose a discretization for the (nonlinearized)
compressible Stokes problem with a linear equation of state $\rho=p$, based on
Crouzeix-Raviart elements. The approximation of the momentum balance is
obtained by usual finite element techniques. Since the pressure is piecewise
constant, the discrete mass balance takes the form of a finite volume scheme,
in which we introduce an upwinding of the density, together with two additional
stabilization terms. We prove {\em a priori} estimates for the discrete
solution, which yields its existence by a topological degree argument, and then
the convergence of the scheme to a solution of the continuous problem.
| math.NA | in this paper we propose a discretization for the nonlinearized compressible stokes problem with a linear equation of state rhop based on crouzeixraviart elements the approximation of the momentum balance is obtained by usual finite element techniques since the pressure is piecewise constant the discrete mass balance takes the form of a finite volume scheme in which we introduce an upwinding of the density together with two additional stabilization terms we prove em a priori estimates for the discrete solution which yields its existence by a topological degree argument and then the convergence of the scheme to a solution of the continuous problem | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'discretization', 'for', 'the', 'nonlinearized', 'compressible', 'stokes', 'problem', 'with', 'a', 'linear', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'rhop', 'based', 'on', 'crouzeixraviart', 'elements', 'the', 'approximation', 'of', 'the', 'momentum', 'balance', 'is', 'obtained', 'by', 'usual', 'finite', 'element', 'techniques', 'since', 'the', 'pressure', 'is', 'piecewise', 'constant', 'the', 'discrete', 'mass', 'balance', 'takes', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'volume', 'scheme', 'in', 'which', 'we', 'introduce', 'an', 'upwinding', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'together', 'with', 'two', 'additional', 'stabilization', 'terms', 'we', 'prove', 'em', 'a', 'priori', 'estimates', 'for', 'the', 'discrete', 'solution', 'which', 'yields', 'its', 'existence', 'by', 'a', 'topological', 'degree', 'argument', 'and', 'then', 'the', 'convergence', 'of', 'the', 'scheme', 'to', 'a', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'continuous', 'problem']] | [-0.1482608525661155, 0.0843015569229712, -0.12997793447389042, 0.006721168038778875, -0.06757459016200336, -0.10149326380251826, 0.07011285185411537, 0.3010723287944944, -0.3125666576953044, -0.24944845876358088, 0.12314189508674865, -0.2166190373991589, -0.10089984925879726, 0.13470689684731288, -0.05632825807026289, 0.0912113433146569, 0.046280773734059005, 0.033428603077976446, -0.11427758503434005, -0.20348618836232543, 0.3571712023904095, -0.014092341688737381, 0.2577986423292387, 0.046916493485925845, 0.20084534399211407, -0.020208649613071703, -0.02668155049362663, 0.04815185737617549, -0.14880898805081988, 0.13253605756592185, 0.19128512268777467, 0.0701386555147728, 0.3309708072722537, -0.3869097490085162, -0.22784457325899196, 0.0936933819168401, 0.09829933325606353, 0.11672350081380059, -0.07668579301516552, -0.2419409376921729, 0.10488280318496586, -0.15829926761880503, -0.15845833918830218, -0.06326865353305074, -0.03216014062823022, 0.05149598099128569, -0.3322573561962802, 0.09630779435098605, 0.0860277933195161, 0.025941335216381596, -0.1120914429057733, -0.07723502820194925, -0.0016088387702853934, 0.051793501346182186, 0.015498073825847756, 0.01731166059323089, 0.006874604123526985, -0.08979735033613748, -0.055339816236615325, 0.4032170616849823, -0.09309916549986139, -0.29318244259768317, 0.12999316572790368, -0.08117046791300611, -0.08046603728384141, 0.14948754516222235, 0.15139644594808804, 0.1523353717316991, -0.11537483313744798, 0.136091988573859, -0.06361009654457889, 0.18244162852903015, 0.03640583917968771, -0.012709107078177836, 0.07985600156402126, 0.13306417917489138, 0.15909527839857687, 0.1264264339889689, -0.05655505080951504, -0.10922800241833897, -0.3570386212210632, -0.18644197447026528, -0.1875065166494149, 0.03726557064439776, -0.12551836196083951, -0.2271348199382135, 0.38480592738333763, 0.07881465866637316, 0.18451430173862038, 0.08015825757892459, 0.32328527896366654, 0.20821509167588162, -0.01569601229970678, 0.08025626913707667, 0.20178376479431517, 0.16265429899964517, 0.09026004460830132, -0.26509118050639746, 0.05307645129166471, 0.2309381919890389] |
712.2799 | Spectral imbalance and the normalized dissipation rate of turbulence | The normalized turbulent dissipation rate $C_\epsilon$ is studied in decaying
and forced turbulence by direct numerical simulations, large-eddy simulations,
and closure calculations. A large difference in the values of $C_\epsilon$ is
observed for the two types of turbulence. This difference is found at moderate
Reynolds number, and it is shown that it persists at high Reynolds number,
where the value of $C_\epsilon$ becomes independent of the Reynolds number, but
is still not unique. This difference can be explained by the influence of the
nonlinear cascade time that introduces a spectral disequilibrium for
statistically nonstationary turbulence. Phenomenological analysis yields simple
analytical models that satisfactorily reproduce the numerical results. These
simple spectral models also reproduce and explain the increase of $C_\epsilon$
at low Reynolds number that is observed in the simulations.
| physics.class-ph | the normalized turbulent dissipation rate c_epsilon is studied in decaying and forced turbulence by direct numerical simulations largeeddy simulations and closure calculations a large difference in the values of c_epsilon is observed for the two types of turbulence this difference is found at moderate reynolds number and it is shown that it persists at high reynolds number where the value of c_epsilon becomes independent of the reynolds number but is still not unique this difference can be explained by the influence of the nonlinear cascade time that introduces a spectral disequilibrium for statistically nonstationary turbulence phenomenological analysis yields simple analytical models that satisfactorily reproduce the numerical results these simple spectral models also reproduce and explain the increase of c_epsilon at low reynolds number that is observed in the simulations | [['the', 'normalized', 'turbulent', 'dissipation', 'rate', 'c_epsilon', 'is', 'studied', 'in', 'decaying', 'and', 'forced', 'turbulence', 'by', 'direct', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'largeeddy', 'simulations', 'and', 'closure', 'calculations', 'a', 'large', 'difference', 'in', 'the', 'values', 'of', 'c_epsilon', 'is', 'observed', 'for', 'the', 'two', 'types', 'of', 'turbulence', 'this', 'difference', 'is', 'found', 'at', 'moderate', 'reynolds', 'number', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'it', 'persists', 'at', 'high', 'reynolds', 'number', 'where', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'c_epsilon', 'becomes', 'independent', 'of', 'the', 'reynolds', 'number', 'but', 'is', 'still', 'not', 'unique', 'this', 'difference', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'by', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'cascade', 'time', 'that', 'introduces', 'a', 'spectral', 'disequilibrium', 'for', 'statistically', 'nonstationary', 'turbulence', 'phenomenological', 'analysis', 'yields', 'simple', 'analytical', 'models', 'that', 'satisfactorily', 'reproduce', 'the', 'numerical', 'results', 'these', 'simple', 'spectral', 'models', 'also', 'reproduce', 'and', 'explain', 'the', 'increase', 'of', 'c_epsilon', 'at', 'low', 'reynolds', 'number', 'that', 'is', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'simulations']] | [-0.1547148232285092, 0.1884465102979899, -0.06234314633071307, 0.1022232041871103, -0.006611299468204379, -0.10157798001427175, -0.0248935922778161, 0.2993079116134796, -0.2631688059646954, -0.33315619681925734, 0.063254836477906, -0.24324987615032714, -0.09184514274859039, 0.24058767786256738, 0.002177259920872459, 0.03959622683444389, 0.07403585181549885, -0.009144189356024875, 0.01382944265799236, -0.18963468787729626, 0.26887173456854596, 0.08089578282376823, 0.27165646054384895, 0.061614236058017545, 0.08108273536948733, -0.1499637073165802, -0.03272808907019307, 0.08911335500780233, -0.1950801877937074, -0.014661905342666072, 0.24027037357104006, 0.03661209133911883, 0.2746977260581745, -0.4049522765125184, -0.2433108613689163, 0.07940184731440719, 0.17380880929038736, 0.08312334604344743, -0.027199643856282672, -0.15179811618760114, 0.14454016591559432, -0.17095263138622796, -0.11941009302905133, -0.08876018614919726, 0.06485563655232274, 0.04913319469350137, -0.3193218120980228, 0.1638996267613193, 0.028547678065175813, 0.10433436875440706, -0.021625129787554574, -0.096950057042084, -0.0529613461446508, 0.07909754762523483, 0.11113923900334756, -0.0066813406852153385, 0.08529884565997031, -0.14715848585532965, -0.019059898425615573, 0.3713623734927455, -0.04682856622014859, -0.19926014378447585, 0.2196250909961067, -0.196451830663249, -0.09984669707311217, 0.2098918388662643, 0.12856399143735567, 0.06444433071585588, -0.057181532848481986, 0.04279237112789343, -0.10107412502934882, 0.1993945855069761, 0.05135458764121976, -0.06292168623515108, 0.1844277799439927, 0.17993010912639226, -0.001364093483245188, 0.06789307979877691, -0.11799608602715556, -0.09964258520856731, -0.3200898161663335, -0.10662903664850218, -0.23568150544784558, 0.03407429956730416, -0.1177984240066437, -0.14395976055827706, 0.35417077222535776, 0.1699597899072854, 0.20350816326807866, 0.09335524032015151, 0.31421672950260515, 0.20012572502298642, 0.03505196556983183, 0.11802770056971168, 0.27899885181222084, 0.1573690776965877, 0.12591478587380905, -0.27935892281071967, 0.08908742816772225, 0.03781203183800329] |
712.28 | Heteroclinic Travelling Waves of Gradient Diffusion Systems | We establish existence of travelling waves to the gradient system $u_t =
u_{zz} - \nabla W(u)$ connecting two minima of $W$ when $u : \R \times
(0,\infty) \larrow \R^N$, that is, we establish existence of a pair $(U,c) \in
[C^2(\R)]^N \by (0,\infty)$, satisfying \[ \{{array}{l}
U_{xx} - \nabla W (U) = - c U_x
U(\pm \infty) = a^{\pm}, {array}. \] where $a^{\pm}$ are local minima of the
potential $W \in C_{\textrm{loc}}^2(\R^N)$ with $W(a^-)< W(a^+)=0$ and $N \geq
1$. Our method is variational and based on the minimization of the functional
$E_c (U) = \int_{\R}\Big\{{1/2}|U_x|^2 + W(U) \Big\}e^{cx} dx$ in the
appropriate space setup. Following Alikakos-Fusco \cite{A-F}, we introduce an
artificial constraint to restore compactness and force the desired asymptotic
behavior, which we later remove. We provide variational characterizations of
the travelling wave and the speed. In particular, we show that $E_c(U)=0$.
| math.CA math.AP | we establish existence of travelling waves to the gradient system u_t u_zz nabla wu connecting two minima of w when u r times 0infty larrow rn that is we establish existence of a pair uc in c2rn by 0infty satisfying arrayl u_xx nabla w u c u_x upm infty apm array where apm are local minima of the potential w in c_textrmloc2rn with wa wa0 and n geq 1 our method is variational and based on the minimization of the functional e_c u int_rbig12u_x2 wu bigecx dx in the appropriate space setup following alikakosfusco citeaf we introduce an artificial constraint to restore compactness and force the desired asymptotic behavior which we later remove we provide variational characterizations of the travelling wave and the speed in particular we show that e_cu0 | [['we', 'establish', 'existence', 'of', 'travelling', 'waves', 'to', 'the', 'gradient', 'system', 'u_t', 'u_zz', 'nabla', 'wu', 'connecting', 'two', 'minima', 'of', 'w', 'when', 'u', 'r', 'times', '0infty', 'larrow', 'rn', 'that', 'is', 'we', 'establish', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'pair', 'uc', 'in', 'c2rn', 'by', '0infty', 'satisfying', 'arrayl', 'u_xx', 'nabla', 'w', 'u', 'c', 'u_x', 'upm', 'infty', 'apm', 'array', 'where', 'apm', 'are', 'local', 'minima', 'of', 'the', 'potential', 'w', 'in', 'c_textrmloc2rn', 'with', 'wa', 'wa0', 'and', 'n', 'geq', '1', 'our', 'method', 'is', 'variational', 'and', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'minimization', 'of', 'the', 'functional', 'e_c', 'u', 'int_rbig12u_x2', 'wu', 'bigecx', 'dx', 'in', 'the', 'appropriate', 'space', 'setup', 'following', 'alikakosfusco', 'citeaf', 'we', 'introduce', 'an', 'artificial', 'constraint', 'to', 'restore', 'compactness', 'and', 'force', 'the', 'desired', 'asymptotic', 'behavior', 'which', 'we', 'later', 'remove', 'we', 'provide', 'variational', 'characterizations', 'of', 'the', 'travelling', 'wave', 'and', 'the', 'speed', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'e_cu0']] | [-0.2067619747105093, 0.05446911081856921, -0.038049539784089786, 0.009756368348251812, -0.055138635785849995, -0.19035384601197583, 0.019849985054778783, 0.36025495238771493, -0.318437700983414, -0.21381169332822492, 0.07225111020490342, -0.3287210468095073, -0.10199326546362424, 0.11294360938366534, -0.02485197460786863, 0.04429901657579852, -0.002209040844304995, 0.03133213421938871, -0.080259125283342, -0.1989292078116314, 0.32215091028858805, -0.09349284791349133, 0.18327924292842465, 0.05220774417619937, 0.11428523097525943, 0.0007608269820180299, 0.07565448332524066, -0.0482742154611417, -0.23591343982374655, 0.07800968052157439, 0.17528263083081846, 0.1336216828237434, 0.32842440534891054, -0.4175971959109518, -0.1696962359522985, 0.1577281987540855, 0.13614658778148495, -0.02285003731092669, -0.0061487728520104095, -0.3124837606013868, 0.11829059735741004, -0.08465008164009402, -0.1615586557621829, -0.040919900179094026, 0.10404764636119535, 0.11990402049764083, -0.34755323578657443, 0.11378844377146033, 0.07673007197781997, -0.024007061650314607, -0.09955782915873468, -0.1481429670604469, -0.053502461026338016, 0.014049690904928957, 0.023165559484661858, 0.15723496162879072, 0.028875979136921897, -0.07866186090198553, -0.009406757775755706, 0.32030635457947726, -0.13320437356375528, -0.2237485821939974, 0.13844241818975012, -0.15386391204420077, -0.13703582728905064, 0.04994245770210323, 0.11482563202292466, 0.13610470209132172, -0.10556064062611843, 0.21026367468813295, -0.04872520236394172, 0.13099820976153262, 0.12075373034901178, 0.022437810547619074, 0.037509573419570674, 0.11197049514398225, 0.15402776402352023, 0.08656386326621325, -0.08772069003148204, -0.006007439479970735, -0.3754425083156213, -0.17273784369568934, -0.14081481810320506, 0.12532682119604596, -0.07446709629638922, -0.128879571573093, 0.32402724735361854, 0.12132725442859753, 0.20462120039588658, 0.06535656069894129, 0.1674714948181525, 0.1524489773447002, -0.0660187443891494, 0.1241245216743882, 0.16692683797749144, 0.12431021816143381, 0.11095769428994415, -0.2307626553811133, -0.043007475989755274, 0.14442173600358474] |
712.2801 | Dynamics of spectrally truncated inviscid turbulence | The evolution of the turbulent energy spectrum for the inviscid spectrally
truncated Euler equations is studied by closure calculations. The observed
behavior is similar to the one found in direct numerical simulations
[Cichowlas, Bona\"ititi, Debbasch, and Brachet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 264502
(2005)]. A Kolmogorov spectral range and an equipartition range are observed
simultaneously. Between these two ranges a "quasi-dissipative" zone is present
in the kinetic energy spectrum. The time evolution of the wave number that
marks the beginning of the equipartition range is analyzed and it is shown that
spectral nonlocal interactions are governing this evolution.
| physics.class-ph | the evolution of the turbulent energy spectrum for the inviscid spectrally truncated euler equations is studied by closure calculations the observed behavior is similar to the one found in direct numerical simulations cichowlas bonaititi debbasch and brachet phys rev lett 95 264502 2005 a kolmogorov spectral range and an equipartition range are observed simultaneously between these two ranges a quasidissipative zone is present in the kinetic energy spectrum the time evolution of the wave number that marks the beginning of the equipartition range is analyzed and it is shown that spectral nonlocal interactions are governing this evolution | [['the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'turbulent', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'for', 'the', 'inviscid', 'spectrally', 'truncated', 'euler', 'equations', 'is', 'studied', 'by', 'closure', 'calculations', 'the', 'observed', 'behavior', 'is', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'one', 'found', 'in', 'direct', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'cichowlas', 'bonaititi', 'debbasch', 'and', 'brachet', 'phys', 'rev', 'lett', '95', '264502', '2005', 'a', 'kolmogorov', 'spectral', 'range', 'and', 'an', 'equipartition', 'range', 'are', 'observed', 'simultaneously', 'between', 'these', 'two', 'ranges', 'a', 'quasidissipative', 'zone', 'is', 'present', 'in', 'the', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'the', 'time', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'wave', 'number', 'that', 'marks', 'the', 'beginning', 'of', 'the', 'equipartition', 'range', 'is', 'analyzed', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'spectral', 'nonlocal', 'interactions', 'are', 'governing', 'this', 'evolution']] | [-0.15684517218202623, 0.14458309506653677, -0.08319297361413192, 0.061467954137090906, -0.046485074073037445, -0.02759082523213389, -0.0345724303406314, 0.3267110509623308, -0.2242376315019404, -0.3451996641039538, 0.024372146394550025, -0.2569825868777116, -0.08663835486125511, 0.18638603513196964, 0.023651059299785022, 0.04318222956499085, 0.04426923425247272, -0.04150482660043053, -0.03838679383140212, -0.16308099427745523, 0.2501803951696881, 0.1162413214163583, 0.2695621069772945, 0.03743519072092264, 0.057903677535553776, -0.051344197747918464, -0.017496682795657154, -0.010361102652192736, -0.21449837402496996, 0.00786032403993886, 0.22881501806356633, 0.04151929892153324, 0.2718398030071209, -0.3721606298010253, -0.2790857183378345, 0.06629519486159552, 0.11693523064119897, 0.04267840716056526, 0.006730787795580302, -0.2523172428967276, 0.06698963251983514, -0.18602267166716047, -0.11622305076646929, -0.040802314722289644, 0.09824961833267783, 0.04828137467605605, -0.2557906620131689, 0.1649805539054796, 0.03125212664114466, 0.023555381361120453, -0.07122474338393658, -0.06631543024074442, -0.0719847923173802, 0.04543745965565904, 0.01892898051786081, -0.006799548233781631, 0.0729603631189093, -0.07115984820363035, -0.060464052459186256, 0.37105148774571717, -0.06250056718151124, -0.13074240136605417, 0.22645274091822407, -0.1713372406520648, -0.08137530688933718, 0.19027441316090213, 0.09082403700934567, 0.11457100770591448, -0.16385557764442638, 0.0923376663201149, -0.08229194301732908, 0.15846375252779885, 0.08324420069887613, -0.010274186521807374, 0.1696983313643917, 0.12689720530761406, -0.02688554537598975, 0.05909117831955276, -0.12772430263718584, -0.14977360499324277, -0.3099302854000901, -0.12459509676652185, -0.20930200789007358, 0.06631909827456184, -0.04139279623435262, -0.11740789648896073, 0.40107832081169664, 0.13691094093762027, 0.18194493305297024, 0.06162932089258296, 0.21848368853291808, 0.19643255052020928, -0.030055998897296377, 0.1466860729221177, 0.3070305537257809, 0.19220566155127017, 0.158768867967107, -0.2577888646289163, 0.0013708834000378072, 0.07079806680364224] |
712.2802 | Seiberg-Witten Theory and Extended Toda Hierarchy | The quasiclassical solution to the extended Toda chain hierarchy,
corresponding to the deformation of the simplest Seiberg-Witten theory by all
descendants of the dual topological string model, is constructed explicitly in
terms of the complex curve and generating differential. The first derivatives
of prepotential or quasiclassical tau-function over the extra times, extending
the Toda chain, are expressed through the multiple integrals of the
Seiberg-Witten one-form. We derive the corresponding quasiclassical Virasoro
constraints, discuss the functional formulation of the problem and propose
generalization of the extended Toda hierarchy to the nonabelian theory.
| hep-th math-ph math.MP nlin.SI | the quasiclassical solution to the extended toda chain hierarchy corresponding to the deformation of the simplest seibergwitten theory by all descendants of the dual topological string model is constructed explicitly in terms of the complex curve and generating differential the first derivatives of prepotential or quasiclassical taufunction over the extra times extending the toda chain are expressed through the multiple integrals of the seibergwitten oneform we derive the corresponding quasiclassical virasoro constraints discuss the functional formulation of the problem and propose generalization of the extended toda hierarchy to the nonabelian theory | [['the', 'quasiclassical', 'solution', 'to', 'the', 'extended', 'toda', 'chain', 'hierarchy', 'corresponding', 'to', 'the', 'deformation', 'of', 'the', 'simplest', 'seibergwitten', 'theory', 'by', 'all', 'descendants', 'of', 'the', 'dual', 'topological', 'string', 'model', 'is', 'constructed', 'explicitly', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'complex', 'curve', 'and', 'generating', 'differential', 'the', 'first', 'derivatives', 'of', 'prepotential', 'or', 'quasiclassical', 'taufunction', 'over', 'the', 'extra', 'times', 'extending', 'the', 'toda', 'chain', 'are', 'expressed', 'through', 'the', 'multiple', 'integrals', 'of', 'the', 'seibergwitten', 'oneform', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'corresponding', 'quasiclassical', 'virasoro', 'constraints', 'discuss', 'the', 'functional', 'formulation', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'and', 'propose', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'extended', 'toda', 'hierarchy', 'to', 'the', 'nonabelian', 'theory']] | [-0.18252057764310758, 0.05874836685105258, -0.05754708740246165, 0.14172192167229747, -0.11536803698822201, -0.10590726611009993, -0.023739236685867002, 0.2232130279989688, -0.3175987492770898, -0.24895898086929713, 0.08289466476820123, -0.22419548707062398, -0.18911205544545837, 0.11216268014766603, -0.039167415005267485, 0.050744795300588424, -0.006777669456633893, 0.08217540389479516, -0.16824820793264514, -0.29402020887297753, 0.3276007248927931, -0.035723541566467544, 0.2551328308450488, 0.006887880565885168, 0.15063110104976937, 0.04591355812198554, -0.003744286096112414, -0.07288263676237765, -0.12834406652037506, 0.1712719853737156, 0.23937720762422451, 0.06143150285172921, 0.1013355430440752, -0.4651851325531255, -0.19687155240143722, 0.05826275059850989, 0.18174095035295237, 0.10303730995568273, 0.07125830023477857, -0.3163973151573113, 0.045207052573479796, -0.20493638255520835, -0.21323986505516446, -0.07479283184959339, -0.010342423384497455, -0.008361187323436632, -0.19535874221269245, 0.07880037840824206, 0.005262290751868552, 0.008046118377043948, -0.09955975122156215, -0.06802086604779566, -0.10188545003164928, 0.05969820951705205, 0.07526514692114318, 0.04829061458624163, 0.046709375123360326, -0.1558557831590156, -0.13740402101449525, 0.3735471938795584, -0.07352650210205056, -0.2769927258838664, 0.07878962943105253, -0.10988374229950401, -0.17417120577890302, 0.12415201890353973, 0.046992547799843354, 0.15229296294337774, -0.1688986666971347, 0.20648436520407285, -0.05063640823649181, 0.06275948708375487, 0.09418023652448268, 0.0076135104204845296, 0.2398609568027186, 0.07853709159234723, 0.01474489578158482, 0.18259566923050763, -0.02301753523176188, -0.22873614417839344, -0.39633200523906625, -0.17650295000594968, -0.11604034733973893, 0.09177534438792494, -0.1416804193756364, -0.18723609698629315, 0.4333158072166063, 0.11081144415486331, 0.15715368043958813, 0.12818385092132203, 0.17894551134412431, 0.2411994200998119, 0.08541941655042408, -0.027317129229041903, 0.12116444937802934, 0.23015294368327646, 0.06251771589817869, -0.27732025709829633, -0.08391952182544948, 0.27041068905452775] |
712.2803 | Transversely non simple knots | By proving a connected sum formula for the Legendrian invariant $\lambda_+$
in knot Floer homology we exhibit infinitely many transversely non simple
knots.
| math.SG math.GT | by proving a connected sum formula for the legendrian invariant lambda_ in knot floer homology we exhibit infinitely many transversely non simple knots | [['by', 'proving', 'a', 'connected', 'sum', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'legendrian', 'invariant', 'lambda_', 'in', 'knot', 'floer', 'homology', 'we', 'exhibit', 'infinitely', 'many', 'transversely', 'non', 'simple', 'knots']] | [-0.4109640817117432, 0.1085000014965139, -0.1788316574757514, 0.1808537502327691, -0.07143112207236497, -0.31855048674523184, -0.06503975107941938, 0.37176805491680687, -0.2985527432807114, -0.23356916658256366, -0.014541359218444837, -0.2444198000366273, -0.1911577037130685, 0.17469019313221393, -0.1565588792462064, 0.0412395460450131, 0.1240022397984791, 0.051163438302667244, -0.01071243710896891, -0.164150801770713, 0.3628249979861405, -0.2080571010946701, 0.08701980537127542, 0.19664174265673626, 0.1189309372364179, -0.006456071895587704, -0.03699551055045879, -0.019332956684672314, -0.28983135833202495, 0.05997171838079458, 0.3370622568561331, -0.10593412865115248, -0.0013439253620479417, -0.3485391654641084, -0.06937799149233362, 0.256658393525235, 0.22658694260146306, -0.08583410116641418, 0.01797832807768946, -0.28431961454613053, 0.06717761846907112, -0.25206741585355735, -0.251722551740544, -0.12657532743785693, 0.05288645689902098, 0.07775957809518212, -0.05705446717531785, 0.0005760526527529178, 0.09853009021152621, 0.15221840799178765, 0.10491045946052865, -0.08649332197787969, -0.026540289086330195, 0.10203162216297958, 0.09669440798461437, 0.13641103873353289, 0.12733348712082143, -0.1351031898115964, -0.14837811105763135, 0.33186582166134665, -0.11731418487413423, -0.32633774006820243, 0.10595341939884036, -0.12457335807140106, -0.3458253925099321, 0.3360359268667905, -0.07733785393445389, 0.16550630934374488, -0.0594746655450486, 0.14430467403777267, -0.20635075555385454, 0.0003756043379721434, 0.18899630658004596, -0.10654190158390481, 0.1898830198561368, -0.001389579483024452, 0.17352524630310337, 0.19873896301926477, 0.045424476832799286, -0.10382320796665938, -0.3324568197131157, -0.26370496108480124, -0.13755688397213817, 0.23816156938024188, -0.14135902903407163, -0.21872080206547095, 0.3652400674055452, -0.13256062508520225, 0.19405084890920832, 0.2724261902191717, 0.3233967143232408, 0.008859024504604547, 0.07600410080150417, 0.18637361503003733, 0.04857348034198841, 0.2588484326235788, -0.08506102619044807, 0.013669931188063778, -0.028577956431747778, 0.35452485374053533] |
712.2804 | Nestings of Matchings and Permutations and North Steps in PDSAWs | We present a simple bijective proof of the fact that matchings of [2n] with N
nestings are equinumerous to partially directed self avoiding walks confined to
the symmetric wedge defined by y=+-x, with n east steps and N north steps. A
very similar construction connects permutations with N nestings and PDSAWs
remaining below the x-axis, again with N north steps. Furthermore, both
bijections transport several combinatorially meaningful parameters.
| math.CO | we present a simple bijective proof of the fact that matchings of 2n with n nestings are equinumerous to partially directed self avoiding walks confined to the symmetric wedge defined by yx with n east steps and n north steps a very similar construction connects permutations with n nestings and pdsaws remaining below the xaxis again with n north steps furthermore both bijections transport several combinatorially meaningful parameters | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'simple', 'bijective', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'matchings', 'of', '2n', 'with', 'n', 'nestings', 'are', 'equinumerous', 'to', 'partially', 'directed', 'self', 'avoiding', 'walks', 'confined', 'to', 'the', 'symmetric', 'wedge', 'defined', 'by', 'yx', 'with', 'n', 'east', 'steps', 'and', 'n', 'north', 'steps', 'a', 'very', 'similar', 'construction', 'connects', 'permutations', 'with', 'n', 'nestings', 'and', 'pdsaws', 'remaining', 'below', 'the', 'xaxis', 'again', 'with', 'n', 'north', 'steps', 'furthermore', 'both', 'bijections', 'transport', 'several', 'combinatorially', 'meaningful', 'parameters']] | [-0.1861545008004588, 0.23540322148405454, -0.004317643627633943, 0.004407336045166149, -0.07768694134703015, -0.22482012552620076, 0.08958472044083893, 0.4067181543830563, -0.28960424919119654, -0.2957269151931327, 0.020917365526068297, -0.32599760205758843, -0.1068607601662413, 0.07430383573313627, -0.06032209741362535, -0.02052529845455223, 0.052587267627720445, -0.018160176730495605, -0.03169435483526767, -0.28818415357176597, 0.24123333068564534, -0.02774771101608434, 0.19049445434939116, 0.004181367153411403, 0.09800922235830084, 0.011477522709516479, -0.01872920772567501, 0.0030530987851842143, -0.14159417171974972, 0.07655631888808463, 0.2899606555892045, 0.08514483335431364, 0.17124033676501474, -0.4259194078416947, -0.038752202784748724, 0.1410088029498344, 0.21419844542876543, 0.034777303938479984, -0.0020002981216427594, -0.26937624903888824, 0.025531003391840973, -0.06726431998643367, -0.15465704959762447, 0.03207716468707932, 0.08882070179371272, 0.025321986320812034, -0.2424769759287729, -0.005966828245779171, 0.12939580664148226, 0.07116353683694102, 0.09055658653104569, -0.19734611175954342, -0.04884716078830773, 0.12764576432185576, -0.001718699576004463, 0.06277879780185792, 0.046856765477808524, -0.0334032239873469, -0.17224611015990376, 0.30279854861403105, 0.04034026972401668, -0.1895179286982645, 0.12171714498168405, -0.17018685889471433, -0.1778655023629065, 0.16845115452237866, 0.0010678984279579977, 0.15745115981382482, -0.05636786740732907, 0.11470477164360038, -0.1740094350568731, 0.09828781765741844, 0.19324422843398198, -0.04976672581944834, 0.18705247156322002, 0.05764889041893184, 0.1397852016311577, 0.17967017263393192, -0.024354822796714658, -0.12930406992296306, -0.3291571029455072, -0.08842039783185636, -0.14744163612725542, 0.048943382742650365, -0.1574964945693329, -0.19551878058187225, 0.33217066093621883, 0.08327900167205371, 0.29398983557749647, 0.18333082592717426, 0.24107891291051226, 0.003448987256406861, 0.031876111683874005, 0.09473065885386485, 0.018856238916187602, 0.19838359761257274, 0.017039115896777195, -0.12836058399475672, 0.018130569164093363, 0.16774659950340934] |
712.2805 | Spin polarization in modulation-doped GaAs quantum wires | We study spin polarization in a split-gate quantum wire focussing on the
effect of a realistic smooth potential due to remote donors. Electron
interaction and spin effects are included within the density functional theory
in the local spin density approximation. We find that depending on the electron
density, the spin polarization exhibits qualitatively different features. For
the case of relatively high electron density, when the Fermi energy $E_{F}$
exceeds a characteristic strength of a long-range impurity potential
$V_{donors}$, the density spin polarization inside the wire is practically
negligible and the wire conductance is spin-degenerate. When the density is
decreased such that $E_{F}$ approaches $V_{donors}$, the electron density and
conductance quickly become spin polarized. With further decrease of the density
the electrons are trapped inside the lakes (droplets) formed by the impurity
potential and the wire conductance approaches the pinch-off regime. We discuss
the limitations of DFT-LSDA in this regime and compare the obtained results
with available experimental data.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we study spin polarization in a splitgate quantum wire focussing on the effect of a realistic smooth potential due to remote donors electron interaction and spin effects are included within the density functional theory in the local spin density approximation we find that depending on the electron density the spin polarization exhibits qualitatively different features for the case of relatively high electron density when the fermi energy e_f exceeds a characteristic strength of a longrange impurity potential v_donors the density spin polarization inside the wire is practically negligible and the wire conductance is spindegenerate when the density is decreased such that e_f approaches v_donors the electron density and conductance quickly become spin polarized with further decrease of the density the electrons are trapped inside the lakes droplets formed by the impurity potential and the wire conductance approaches the pinchoff regime we discuss the limitations of dftlsda in this regime and compare the obtained results with available experimental data | [['we', 'study', 'spin', 'polarization', 'in', 'a', 'splitgate', 'quantum', 'wire', 'focussing', 'on', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'a', 'realistic', 'smooth', 'potential', 'due', 'to', 'remote', 'donors', 'electron', 'interaction', 'and', 'spin', 'effects', 'are', 'included', 'within', 'the', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'in', 'the', 'local', 'spin', 'density', 'approximation', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'electron', 'density', 'the', 'spin', 'polarization', 'exhibits', 'qualitatively', 'different', 'features', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'relatively', 'high', 'electron', 'density', 'when', 'the', 'fermi', 'energy', 'e_f', 'exceeds', 'a', 'characteristic', 'strength', 'of', 'a', 'longrange', 'impurity', 'potential', 'v_donors', 'the', 'density', 'spin', 'polarization', 'inside', 'the', 'wire', 'is', 'practically', 'negligible', 'and', 'the', 'wire', 'conductance', 'is', 'spindegenerate', 'when', 'the', 'density', 'is', 'decreased', 'such', 'that', 'e_f', 'approaches', 'v_donors', 'the', 'electron', 'density', 'and', 'conductance', 'quickly', 'become', 'spin', 'polarized', 'with', 'further', 'decrease', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'the', 'electrons', 'are', 'trapped', 'inside', 'the', 'lakes', 'droplets', 'formed', 'by', 'the', 'impurity', 'potential', 'and', 'the', 'wire', 'conductance', 'approaches', 'the', 'pinchoff', 'regime', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'limitations', 'of', 'dftlsda', 'in', 'this', 'regime', 'and', 'compare', 'the', 'obtained', 'results', 'with', 'available', 'experimental', 'data']] | [-0.16116900874091492, 0.2149676711058184, -0.04933985708161227, 0.0581933822557931, 0.04571615851093685, -0.1620320271760706, 0.04213090278283362, 0.36035646255458553, -0.24083956771440082, -0.2849701729663197, -0.013808174634863052, -0.3438285922150939, -0.08158874244038616, 0.17339115864447047, 0.049438893729670634, 0.007120651772786533, 0.019603423467807232, 0.004992964431162803, -0.12066319773814851, -0.20138924163615993, 0.30640537968326, 0.05400331668300374, 0.3180604903688354, 0.16042893383231374, 0.03646602785109632, 0.04209854791932289, 0.08527229874875517, 0.06539572109017641, -0.12770391140600681, 0.05755636958525546, 0.23849749479240046, -0.08648877562955022, 0.2173877659163648, -0.5044239605927179, -0.216544196664566, -0.00111153531639326, 0.12423577007026441, 0.1679603901841948, -0.055192715111714336, -0.27412141508783305, -0.004070058041402409, -0.17622917607546815, -0.16351154279865085, -0.0365535611767442, 0.02197724745698994, 0.04027927229931998, -0.22477932903134534, 0.14486245573047668, 0.008689543013010293, 0.01743830674958806, -0.07108355306930118, -0.1106833541765809, -0.0702959383897964, 0.047274138278613285, 0.05034710998166232, 0.05087103424143166, 0.24942322705962486, -0.1489928276398249, -0.04833023131434475, 0.3024916797275505, -0.09295674741508499, -0.14463126939240722, 0.16762333448014913, -0.2243723572862725, -0.037301736751631384, 0.1539475252303565, 0.11770716115471817, 0.0570200823758158, -0.07299364975056491, 0.1060614867717959, 0.006720652817297847, 0.1526376168694227, 0.04334560929827633, 0.05935392133110473, 0.2734212597892169, 0.19289198285870013, 0.0703956216243246, 0.1024766655098046, -0.21266719401267642, -0.062488275339766856, -0.24133364067698318, -0.1306138564712338, -0.24516720633893724, 0.055897145754387305, -0.060222040840345735, -0.1619667794705639, 0.43088746927678584, 0.14915564931298217, 0.1930887881846678, -0.023220267469784426, 0.31872162636249296, 0.16913898851602308, 0.04643927173043091, 0.07183011338774738, 0.22969409504289467, 0.17728842290403743, 0.06757606526295985, -0.3292536271660919, 0.05572714537922894, -0.048373723070647925] |
712.2806 | Development of CMOS monolithic pixel sensors with in-pixel correlated
double sampling and fast readout for the ILC | This paper presents the design and results of detailed tests of a CMOS active
pixel chip for charged particle detection with in-pixel charge storage for
correlated double sampling and readout in rolling shutter mode at frequencies
up to 25 MHz. This detector is developed in the framework of R&D for the Vertex
Tracker for the International Linear Collider.
| physics.ins-det | this paper presents the design and results of detailed tests of a cmos active pixel chip for charged particle detection with inpixel charge storage for correlated double sampling and readout in rolling shutter mode at frequencies up to 25 mhz this detector is developed in the framework of rd for the vertex tracker for the international linear collider | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'the', 'design', 'and', 'results', 'of', 'detailed', 'tests', 'of', 'a', 'cmos', 'active', 'pixel', 'chip', 'for', 'charged', 'particle', 'detection', 'with', 'inpixel', 'charge', 'storage', 'for', 'correlated', 'double', 'sampling', 'and', 'readout', 'in', 'rolling', 'shutter', 'mode', 'at', 'frequencies', 'up', 'to', '25', 'mhz', 'this', 'detector', 'is', 'developed', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'rd', 'for', 'the', 'vertex', 'tracker', 'for', 'the', 'international', 'linear', 'collider']] | [-0.05983301877557974, 0.14499761791225393, -0.008301123663590386, -0.08301980250137697, -0.0009014811206223635, -0.23158514542216113, 0.026035716048650574, 0.3861242690091503, -0.19479664268196914, -0.353268602573923, 0.08540922539421068, -0.3221271518649983, -0.026693037775313032, 0.2130298534837744, -0.06554227308691318, 0.1382147794798145, 0.09086672727275512, -0.011373044176284096, -0.03629123805500246, -0.17274759033823323, 0.17564680347026423, 0.19664450677047515, 0.31140771081093055, 0.0333232390654177, 0.18451342044462418, 0.02697347419272209, -0.07397677319060111, -0.046770992014428664, -0.10675212456684174, 0.0982659374171033, 0.31372429110944783, 0.08671711508891192, 0.24351750347153123, -0.40881522364336353, -0.0971564900547523, 0.04282543318474601, 0.08980642119422555, 0.03062462697512117, -0.14114396728511, -0.25766737810496626, 0.11003367410137735, -0.20772899727433405, -0.1142220434668506, 0.019583553348764264, 0.010177873091065678, -0.002633445575062571, -0.30262309153853306, 0.007187769692070012, 0.045759076778455796, 0.04530622299503664, -0.016069784555744766, -0.09836959943239545, 0.08301937338446491, 0.02587462159411596, -0.04817868576882857, 0.03158362592763171, 0.21630120975093853, -0.11177637417608037, -0.1769043218408679, 0.3048547974241705, -0.01858544666300014, -0.1709027324445899, 0.1345508825033903, -0.20279408488743778, -0.10239743203294047, 0.1545467697332838, 0.26603701831130633, 0.06486494127853677, -0.22792221146539368, 0.06978555948770573, 0.07182378622157307, 0.18525350352363854, 0.08495412063222893, 0.06314463340998466, 0.23413201248080567, 0.3200144613932433, 0.11737848653112827, 0.15547218174946592, -0.21279699286317516, -0.04834313420097119, -0.3642044757203809, -0.16837218570811996, -0.10789800425820807, -0.028645851729630398, -0.039656909744170944, -0.14207479655582073, 0.45321654183549226, 0.11064625547492299, 0.09554388276542183, 0.041349969724000527, 0.33912091840315484, 0.04961076903092707, 0.13221135362832212, 0.018024001339528757, 0.2796515937220177, 0.09861681398389668, 0.17334889564342026, -0.22100428847499706, -0.05347280879504979, 0.020764138934941126] |
712.2807 | Statistical studies of random lasing modes and amplified spontaneous
emission spikes in weakly scattering systems | We measured the ensemble-averaged spectral correlation functions and
statistical distributions of spectral spacing and intensity for lasing modes in
weakly scattering systems, and compared them to those of the amplified
spontaneous emission spikes. Their dramatic differences illustrated the
distinct physical mechanisms. Our numerical simulation revealed that even
without reabsorption the number of potential lasing modes might be greatly
reduced by local excitation of a weakly scattering system. The lasing modes
could be drastically different from the quasimodes of the passive system due to
selective amplification of the feedback from the scatterers within the local
gain region.
| physics.optics | we measured the ensembleaveraged spectral correlation functions and statistical distributions of spectral spacing and intensity for lasing modes in weakly scattering systems and compared them to those of the amplified spontaneous emission spikes their dramatic differences illustrated the distinct physical mechanisms our numerical simulation revealed that even without reabsorption the number of potential lasing modes might be greatly reduced by local excitation of a weakly scattering system the lasing modes could be drastically different from the quasimodes of the passive system due to selective amplification of the feedback from the scatterers within the local gain region | [['we', 'measured', 'the', 'ensembleaveraged', 'spectral', 'correlation', 'functions', 'and', 'statistical', 'distributions', 'of', 'spectral', 'spacing', 'and', 'intensity', 'for', 'lasing', 'modes', 'in', 'weakly', 'scattering', 'systems', 'and', 'compared', 'them', 'to', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'amplified', 'spontaneous', 'emission', 'spikes', 'their', 'dramatic', 'differences', 'illustrated', 'the', 'distinct', 'physical', 'mechanisms', 'our', 'numerical', 'simulation', 'revealed', 'that', 'even', 'without', 'reabsorption', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'potential', 'lasing', 'modes', 'might', 'be', 'greatly', 'reduced', 'by', 'local', 'excitation', 'of', 'a', 'weakly', 'scattering', 'system', 'the', 'lasing', 'modes', 'could', 'be', 'drastically', 'different', 'from', 'the', 'quasimodes', 'of', 'the', 'passive', 'system', 'due', 'to', 'selective', 'amplification', 'of', 'the', 'feedback', 'from', 'the', 'scatterers', 'within', 'the', 'local', 'gain', 'region']] | [-0.12481528088877288, 0.1811402035333837, -0.083312506544947, 0.06542608659947291, 0.021616164323252935, -0.10809374677774031, 0.07181029933659981, 0.3869538379609973, -0.28548754307363805, -0.27880244559491985, 0.05161989295447711, -0.29728262284576584, -0.12316706795536447, 0.20129291792788231, 0.020110379632569675, 0.059468304427961506, 0.04055649935192681, -0.0382334601963521, 0.003907394258324833, -0.1401236294695991, 0.31551290681090904, 0.09983281613676809, 0.3268508758628741, 0.03882513571685801, 0.030385206675418885, -0.0047456157869116096, -0.019837652037191827, -0.01595450712557067, -0.054514075177470055, 0.0778067632393989, 0.21663727143216724, 0.053779069827821026, 0.22965984178881627, -0.4430623941783172, -0.2695348881825339, 0.09681095142150298, 0.21631404398552453, 0.134102641333205, -0.05019316780332398, -0.30522633594227955, 0.03363831176344926, -0.12114928326263907, -0.12449177118590644, -0.04156972641552178, -0.02593119382315005, 0.05761809379777105, -0.2762525127036497, 0.09788599635551994, 0.05534280491580527, 0.04541112040654601, -0.05708727363768654, -0.07936790715272461, -0.0751236967165217, 0.10630500198264296, 0.03330764235579409, -0.07267106621293351, 0.2215097618609434, -0.15603719044399136, -0.09670649454528757, 0.34470519464230165, -0.059626988101323754, -0.13580160274674805, 0.23717765785113443, -0.2148142646474298, -0.006993735106334498, 0.2537151841049005, 0.17407680574979167, 0.08975730910363684, -0.10812192438364339, -0.03150932271758696, 0.037885384498319276, 0.2175909344708392, 0.089206805639454, 0.1366644479421666, 0.19836640455954088, 0.1136207472730651, 0.002348198681526507, 0.13878633850860447, -0.0877065693982028, -0.05629631302387376, -0.26685506222808425, -0.05667981055254737, -0.18376431793149095, 0.04165009225350028, -0.1285865715564493, -0.11789352213963866, 0.4410919662429175, 0.13369872003628794, 0.17410484654828906, 0.030501799354775965, 0.27793132529283565, 0.19265454390188097, 0.09954416219018943, 0.013938281384374326, 0.3159215248694333, 0.16174869838626668, 0.0796675928492429, -0.32297675278581056, 0.030723909908071317, -0.05042046543288355] |
712.2808 | A first-order formalism for timelike and spacelike brane solutions | We show that the construction of BPS-type equations for non-extremal black
holes due to Miller et. al. can be extended to branes of arbitrary dimension
and, more importantly, to time-dependent solutions. We call these first-order
equations fake- or pseudo-BPS equations in light of the formalism that has been
developed for domain wall and cosmological solutions of gravity coupled to
scalar fields. We present the fake/pseudo-BPS equations for all stationary
branes (timelike branes) and all time-dependent branes (spacelike branes) of an
Einstein-dilaton-p-form system in arbitrary dimensions.
| hep-th | we show that the construction of bpstype equations for nonextremal black holes due to miller et al can be extended to branes of arbitrary dimension and more importantly to timedependent solutions we call these firstorder equations fake or pseudobps equations in light of the formalism that has been developed for domain wall and cosmological solutions of gravity coupled to scalar fields we present the fakepseudobps equations for all stationary branes timelike branes and all timedependent branes spacelike branes of an einsteindilatonpform system in arbitrary dimensions | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'bpstype', 'equations', 'for', 'nonextremal', 'black', 'holes', 'due', 'to', 'miller', 'et', 'al', 'can', 'be', 'extended', 'to', 'branes', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'dimension', 'and', 'more', 'importantly', 'to', 'timedependent', 'solutions', 'we', 'call', 'these', 'firstorder', 'equations', 'fake', 'or', 'pseudobps', 'equations', 'in', 'light', 'of', 'the', 'formalism', 'that', 'has', 'been', 'developed', 'for', 'domain', 'wall', 'and', 'cosmological', 'solutions', 'of', 'gravity', 'coupled', 'to', 'scalar', 'fields', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'fakepseudobps', 'equations', 'for', 'all', 'stationary', 'branes', 'timelike', 'branes', 'and', 'all', 'timedependent', 'branes', 'spacelike', 'branes', 'of', 'an', 'einsteindilatonpform', 'system', 'in', 'arbitrary', 'dimensions']] | [-0.15110488790059007, 0.12211943898941305, -0.07670218902980773, 0.08924412854560991, -0.12222939625768582, -0.19636458717286587, -0.05352392580598683, 0.27256114495827294, -0.13073587597620379, -0.2550770823684771, 0.06284213126580254, -0.29496779020239666, -0.12063905808268251, 0.157750950578214, -0.09126607587606442, 0.08894608801276219, -0.02584275610108928, -0.039785269798324786, -0.06647140394737262, -0.28895334411616913, 0.41153451708349875, -0.02708852637513745, 0.236002970691316, 0.030132960919972238, 0.14624131843447685, -0.018931929615507947, 0.021910067921697456, 0.0866752238717021, -0.15792993764572624, 0.0675878345131556, 0.2388087614246349, 0.10659157732365335, 0.11484071138746492, -0.5030037024194692, -0.2504619545975513, 0.09032564489852364, 0.21854457959941612, 0.24433321885696455, -0.01741898418691651, -0.3171018478347034, 0.1032560812763688, -0.16897635926242646, -0.22404896507675692, -0.12511112279309777, 0.0850937972129209, -0.03240571725295811, -0.25671468616077087, 0.07789664078367556, 0.05975179823836675, -0.03402503435613542, -0.12967109525144646, -0.0245092517125602, -0.05929022101208386, 0.029206653831174552, 0.11596190001497544, 0.021102150601175863, 0.07952673918931041, -0.1182754204051978, -0.1450622552315841, 0.30251361760765133, -0.08597082366156052, -0.3089603823723226, 0.1655111842811471, -0.15060621994638407, -0.09092600436926615, 0.08579965560447152, 0.18073155146046746, 0.2630603923632695, -0.16282358591830948, 0.1937972042949518, 0.0021330411517538313, 0.1221322201876674, 0.17024423965684524, 4.161576947719767e-05, 0.25658252935220555, 0.03723296514008104, 0.03671408691102775, 0.1408063090369446, -0.003940907803863832, -0.13451165291154188, -0.3523520853756586, -0.1574374468182657, -0.06651369033937865, 0.1076055441233443, -0.17437406759315152, -0.18554141880126623, 0.3409332640429323, 0.12724134909193507, 0.1303439469519639, 0.009210847499893933, 0.2093508845025609, 0.09408540313881708, 0.00987777550046037, 0.130501584320261, 0.2511916341396367, 0.13745876168832183, 0.13685969227822725, -0.20954780420288444, -0.12994380557069146, 0.14483619913481538] |
712.2809 | On the absence of shear from perfect Einstein rings and the stability of
geometry | Concordance cosmology points to a Universe of zero mean curvature, due to the
inflation mechanism which occurred soon after the Big Bang, while along a
relatively small number of lower redshift light paths where lensing events are
observed, space is positively curved. How do we know that global geometry and
topology are robust rather than in a state of chaos? The phenomenon of cosmic
shear provides an effective way of mapping curvature fluctuations, because it
affects {\it any} light rays whether they intercept mass clumps or not. We
discuss a range of astrophysical applications of the principal manifestation of
shear - the distortion of images. It will be shown that the quickest way of
testing the existence of shear in the near Universe is to look at the shape of
Einstein rings. The fact that most of these rings are circular to a large
extent means, statistically speaking, shear occurs at a much lower level than
the expectation based upon our current understanding of the inhomogeneous
Universe. While inflation may account for the mean geometry, it offers no means
of stabilizing it against the fluctuations caused by non-linear matter clumping
at low redshift. Either this clumping is actually much less severe, or the
physical mechanism responsible for shaping the large scale curvature has been
active not only during the very early epochs, but also at all subsequent times.
Might it be the vital `interface' between expansion on Hubble distances and
gravity on cluster scales and beneath?
| astro-ph | concordance cosmology points to a universe of zero mean curvature due to the inflation mechanism which occurred soon after the big bang while along a relatively small number of lower redshift light paths where lensing events are observed space is positively curved how do we know that global geometry and topology are robust rather than in a state of chaos the phenomenon of cosmic shear provides an effective way of mapping curvature fluctuations because it affects it any light rays whether they intercept mass clumps or not we discuss a range of astrophysical applications of the principal manifestation of shear the distortion of images it will be shown that the quickest way of testing the existence of shear in the near universe is to look at the shape of einstein rings the fact that most of these rings are circular to a large extent means statistically speaking shear occurs at a much lower level than the expectation based upon our current understanding of the inhomogeneous universe while inflation may account for the mean geometry it offers no means of stabilizing it against the fluctuations caused by nonlinear matter clumping at low redshift either this clumping is actually much less severe or the physical mechanism responsible for shaping the large scale curvature has been active not only during the very early epochs but also at all subsequent times might it be the vital interface between expansion on hubble distances and gravity on cluster scales and beneath | [['concordance', 'cosmology', 'points', 'to', 'a', 'universe', 'of', 'zero', 'mean', 'curvature', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'inflation', 'mechanism', 'which', 'occurred', 'soon', 'after', 'the', 'big', 'bang', 'while', 'along', 'a', 'relatively', 'small', 'number', 'of', 'lower', 'redshift', 'light', 'paths', 'where', 'lensing', 'events', 'are', 'observed', 'space', 'is', 'positively', 'curved', 'how', 'do', 'we', 'know', 'that', 'global', 'geometry', 'and', 'topology', 'are', 'robust', 'rather', 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712.281 | Ground state energy of the low density Hubbard model | We derive a lower bound on the ground state energy of the Hubbard model for
given value of the total spin. In combination with the upper bound derived
previously by Giuliani, our result proves that in the low density limit, the
leading order correction compared to the ground state energy of a
non-interacting lattice Fermi gas is given by $8\pi a \rho_u \rho_d$, where
$\rho_{u(d)}$ denotes the density of the spin-up (down) particles, and $a$ is
the scattering length of the contact interaction potential. This result extends
previous work on the corresponding continuum model to the lattice case.
| math-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math.MP | we derive a lower bound on the ground state energy of the hubbard model for given value of the total spin in combination with the upper bound derived previously by giuliani our result proves that in the low density limit the leading order correction compared to the ground state energy of a noninteracting lattice fermi gas is given by 8pi a rho_u rho_d where rho_ud denotes the density of the spinup down particles and a is the scattering length of the contact interaction potential this result extends previous work on the corresponding continuum model to the lattice case | [['we', 'derive', 'a', 'lower', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'energy', 'of', 'the', 'hubbard', 'model', 'for', 'given', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'spin', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'the', 'upper', 'bound', 'derived', 'previously', 'by', 'giuliani', 'our', 'result', 'proves', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'low', 'density', 'limit', 'the', 'leading', 'order', 'correction', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'energy', 'of', 'a', 'noninteracting', 'lattice', 'fermi', 'gas', 'is', 'given', 'by', '8pi', 'a', 'rho_u', 'rho_d', 'where', 'rho_ud', 'denotes', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'spinup', 'down', 'particles', 'and', 'a', 'is', 'the', 'scattering', 'length', 'of', 'the', 'contact', 'interaction', 'potential', 'this', 'result', 'extends', 'previous', 'work', 'on', 'the', 'corresponding', 'continuum', 'model', 'to', 'the', 'lattice', 'case']] | [-0.14282708393395446, 0.15605034126501685, -0.05034200977966113, 0.04011921856441948, 0.022329613904843164, -0.08730216163988273, 0.10351835726520296, 0.2630859274974035, -0.1982362227557592, -0.33158633780195235, 0.04955476142955733, -0.30077632178658065, -0.05291817526719485, 0.1519679137452784, 0.025638887730724726, 0.032976521255890116, 0.012670993221654873, 0.08035911000381733, -0.07336586772598633, -0.2300233914296037, 0.32106403853341015, 0.06178857104555156, 0.2665377001556539, 0.11107471856989504, 0.05653993348043758, 0.024044724877386056, 0.06047568234048553, -0.01864521220307221, -0.19392350582280207, 0.1164845861014478, 0.15892733385865623, -0.025017539394500944, 0.19650732837233348, -0.3862213566515249, -0.21711490613398784, 0.06557481769549171, 0.10989504662755224, 0.13394101194499694, 0.014035657189844042, -0.27154137248163757, 0.01382263845850512, -0.2089486267614495, -0.17082659992360577, -0.0049128034824179, 0.03103769553306791, -0.0019333438141290675, -0.2530957179086417, 0.12758829095880933, 0.0794911062940187, -0.013893505973926237, -0.11757006555718859, -0.15425254892289025, -0.03888909169952817, 0.06940675297387175, 0.04178360762487444, 0.11245043659774759, 0.08617034040333837, -0.1580479036915817, -0.04639451491368032, 0.36916497330536546, -0.1294129636575535, -0.16719476208474832, 0.17094660339848206, -0.1635437188958077, -0.07423894571562864, 0.17157043949652886, 0.11282259262330138, 0.08810857281067226, -0.10248789151880852, 0.1425277081137576, -0.08687422043624689, 0.17252877898533472, 0.031510848196741846, 0.01640182833868972, 0.16980078257140271, 0.17146465440578373, 0.11216290957611247, 0.16356653678855024, -0.1279872126802898, -0.09704235545599584, -0.29546777782577677, -0.12600532394099367, -0.26953270888320874, 0.08009875775074836, -0.0665289891603794, -0.12187007286576267, 0.35378499618088155, 0.12884353807666482, 0.24083321693247742, 0.09351490052013668, 0.2791864041277428, 0.20010087897007345, 0.024312469010726194, 0.09669033502535798, 0.24716862862852892, 0.15481929622288101, 0.030619511496006828, -0.25970958080142736, 0.029590729717645294, 0.10674388336075336] |
712.2811 | A Note on Quantum Field Theories with a Minimal Length Scale | The aim of this note is to address the low energy limit of quantum field
theories with a minimal length scale. The essential feature of these models is
that the minimal length acts as a regulator in the asymptotic high energy limit
which is incorporated through an infinite series of higher order derivatives.
If one investigates a perturbative expansion in inverse powers of the Planck
mass, one generically obtains extra poles in the propagator, and instabilities
connected with the higher order derivative Lagrangian, that are however
artifacts of truncating the series.
| hep-th | the aim of this note is to address the low energy limit of quantum field theories with a minimal length scale the essential feature of these models is that the minimal length acts as a regulator in the asymptotic high energy limit which is incorporated through an infinite series of higher order derivatives if one investigates a perturbative expansion in inverse powers of the planck mass one generically obtains extra poles in the propagator and instabilities connected with the higher order derivative lagrangian that are however artifacts of truncating the series | [['the', 'aim', 'of', 'this', 'note', 'is', 'to', 'address', 'the', 'low', 'energy', 'limit', 'of', 'quantum', 'field', 'theories', 'with', 'a', 'minimal', 'length', 'scale', 'the', 'essential', 'feature', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'is', 'that', 'the', 'minimal', 'length', 'acts', 'as', 'a', 'regulator', 'in', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'high', 'energy', 'limit', 'which', 'is', 'incorporated', 'through', 'an', 'infinite', 'series', 'of', 'higher', 'order', 'derivatives', 'if', 'one', 'investigates', 'a', 'perturbative', 'expansion', 'in', 'inverse', 'powers', 'of', 'the', 'planck', 'mass', 'one', 'generically', 'obtains', 'extra', 'poles', 'in', 'the', 'propagator', 'and', 'instabilities', 'connected', 'with', 'the', 'higher', 'order', 'derivative', 'lagrangian', 'that', 'are', 'however', 'artifacts', 'of', 'truncating', 'the', 'series']] | [-0.18047637342997305, 0.16078924918486506, -0.08716537529131868, 0.09382676105219666, -0.0681809589885953, -0.06775161533125236, -0.015834134289544527, 0.29088959757975497, -0.2570908510504843, -0.2549040455903326, 0.13550260776977227, -0.288333750892799, -0.11927067960233806, 0.14026332168154174, -0.03273056748650641, 0.03288697624696767, -0.0024827848352328105, 0.10503851234462562, -0.07211065242466118, -0.24145421783879892, 0.33391310672715796, 0.09855404664419469, 0.23633650405803225, 0.0686940751831651, 0.1484335133150875, -0.03467487601901067, -0.020614604834098736, -0.010877285541577653, -0.09848531032224815, 0.12618368696728413, 0.23108592401387376, 0.007940572850242422, 0.27874476843319096, -0.41653653976487015, -0.21599897839625334, 0.11237930481905466, 0.16480064640271957, 0.09372740022321283, 0.02056823341319194, -0.16118199772784833, 0.09696972704809773, -0.18983424226702242, -0.18684462831959456, -0.0570169049263983, -0.023766713059548247, -0.027094525434742018, -0.26837934296741917, 0.09865996971531965, 0.055677470147282214, 0.04119404774814189, -0.03084770439110778, -0.07197857584681484, -0.03037889612388316, 0.09768489517455736, 0.11267416596996015, 0.03802018391562032, 0.07843882717925525, -0.17543920482365558, -0.0884576381061349, 0.38419523797826943, -0.12596232749286343, -0.20454190574473813, 0.1582355846824882, -0.18316515360749072, -0.11930924270731899, 0.14652938384071085, 0.1077291344005901, 0.12110503693878814, -0.11558413209782524, 0.1665808893148506, 0.028034359145049866, 0.17762877528330537, 0.09524231518178687, 0.05722284943356619, 0.20575545767097028, 0.13829927962109612, 0.06470867545231358, 0.13936566843927561, -0.03952565179257603, -0.09159054470013131, -0.3758329300435035, -0.14527143469428297, -0.16692144506621165, 0.049719739656711184, -0.1481344747601095, -0.17767501484786907, 0.3846568647710668, 0.15584564769824782, 0.2221925858073039, 0.05763374929249819, 0.31974993126241713, 0.2050538565036022, 0.1242824377809334, 0.051737639536200974, 0.19033565571797745, 0.10295299102122393, 0.03435965575748584, -0.2267941682136382, -0.016910895362373564, 0.13849601008837203] |
712.2812 | Prescribing valuations of the order of a point in the reductions of
abelian varieties and tori | Let G be the product of an abelian variety and a torus defined over a number
field K. Let R be a K-rational point on G of infinite order. Call n_R the
number of connected components of the smallest algebraic K-subgroup of G to
which R belongs. We prove that n_R is the greatest positive integer which
divides the order of (R mod p) for all but finitely many primes p of K.
Furthermore, let m>0 be a multiple of n_R and let S be a finite set of rational
primes. Then there exists a positive Dirichlet density of primes p of K such
that for every l in S the l-adic valuation of the order of (R mod p) equals
v_l(m).
| math.NT | let g be the product of an abelian variety and a torus defined over a number field k let r be a krational point on g of infinite order call n_r the number of connected components of the smallest algebraic ksubgroup of g to which r belongs we prove that n_r is the greatest positive integer which divides the order of r mod p for all but finitely many primes p of k furthermore let m0 be a multiple of n_r and let s be a finite set of rational primes then there exists a positive dirichlet density of primes p of k such that for every l in s the ladic valuation of the order of r mod p equals v_lm | [['let', 'g', 'be', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'an', 'abelian', 'variety', 'and', 'a', 'torus', 'defined', 'over', 'a', 'number', 'field', 'k', 'let', 'r', 'be', 'a', 'krational', 'point', 'on', 'g', 'of', 'infinite', 'order', 'call', 'n_r', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'connected', 'components', 'of', 'the', 'smallest', 'algebraic', 'ksubgroup', 'of', 'g', 'to', 'which', 'r', 'belongs', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'n_r', 'is', 'the', 'greatest', 'positive', 'integer', 'which', 'divides', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'r', 'mod', 'p', 'for', 'all', 'but', 'finitely', 'many', 'primes', 'p', 'of', 'k', 'furthermore', 'let', 'm0', 'be', 'a', 'multiple', 'of', 'n_r', 'and', 'let', 's', 'be', 'a', 'finite', 'set', 'of', 'rational', 'primes', 'then', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'positive', 'dirichlet', 'density', 'of', 'primes', 'p', 'of', 'k', 'such', 'that', 'for', 'every', 'l', 'in', 's', 'the', 'ladic', 'valuation', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'r', 'mod', 'p', 'equals', 'v_lm']] | [-0.3092896844094912, 0.15525297178564043, -0.10994403326329737, -0.04824077269766665, -0.06342023435195, -0.22080645714078315, 0.01207283593344787, 0.23846461176718317, -0.3176850454789425, -0.23320136995397292, 0.029094107336487835, -0.28208649395156865, -0.056537952478051434, 0.18284326839483966, -0.05896808051173229, -0.056778098421925605, -0.0073057723343218405, 0.20855666069344672, -0.025375581810189302, -0.32523381907092636, 0.3158119427471245, -0.1226903446141846, 0.11568775540602601, 0.024015825118654032, 0.07013835623275397, 0.007128960366383934, 0.042259578042267244, 0.027127395922795308, -0.17282323976115166, 0.07683538788667887, 0.36468216194963654, 0.09760752789029652, 0.31271263746129085, -0.3329281661963025, -0.1414964494145329, 0.3200633389151786, 0.15501655228743869, -0.13929628416287812, 0.06264121407038756, -0.17314122879708355, 0.2613545696843754, -0.1776306417362749, -0.14035319001991148, -0.014783445106865453, 0.21107785769811377, 0.02459839453693664, -0.3885810497363121, -0.056130770309097015, 0.10227595015875379, 0.14884839738788438, 0.013683833237660448, -0.22077552185967286, -0.06768733134285417, 0.028500323895796025, -0.00743560796249504, 0.10085746382886529, 0.02896674705451847, -0.04704008204766264, -0.07754159438970291, 0.3860333135913411, -0.0781577315156479, -0.17617376759833048, 0.07330142685081348, -0.2012388535658829, -0.08698002549950495, 0.17570327327409682, 0.09780968349688679, 0.16465875466377283, 0.05840977674642624, 0.2706775015348969, -0.1941233590247171, 0.14630439237057433, 0.10676806556322604, -0.04499493414066609, 0.18694712952056453, 0.019084086869689366, 0.1166512916173785, 0.08791243265313674, -0.0326668570368466, 0.10173628924579037, -0.402472896790536, -0.1901578843816807, -0.22513123726845558, 0.19495147482822994, -0.14434012845288463, -0.16617590022727477, 0.37522306715038195, 0.06970523257185667, 0.19169735623723713, 0.10620818596139882, 0.18898637516882025, 0.07658579939322581, 0.024066575092825393, 0.11823690883153357, -0.054193633273705716, 0.19789307746913068, -0.12214361815155322, -0.17247105865500684, -0.008826110073296, 0.13868059987425496] |
712.2813 | On pairs of commuting nilpotent matrices | Let $B$ be a nilpotent matrix and suppose that its Jordan canonical form is
determined by a partition $\lambda$. Then it is known that its nilpotent
commutator $N_B$ is an irreducible variety and that there is a unique partition
$\mu$ such that the intersection of the orbit of nilpotent matrices
corresponding to $\mu$ with $N_B$ is dense in $N_B$. We prove that map $D$
given by $D(\lambda)=\mu$ is an idempotent map. This answers a question of
Basili and Iarrobino and gives a partial answer to a question of Panyushev. In
the proof, we use the fact that for a generic matrix $A \in N_B$ the algebra
generated by $A$ and $B$ is a Gorenstein algebra. Thus, a generic pair of
commuting nilpotent matrices generates a Gorenstein algebra. We also describe
$D(\lambda)$ in terms of $\lambda$ if $D(\lambda)$ has at most two parts.
| math.AC math.AG | let b be a nilpotent matrix and suppose that its jordan canonical form is determined by a partition lambda then it is known that its nilpotent commutator n_b is an irreducible variety and that there is a unique partition mu such that the intersection of the orbit of nilpotent matrices corresponding to mu with n_b is dense in n_b we prove that map d given by dlambdamu is an idempotent map this answers a question of basili and iarrobino and gives a partial answer to a question of panyushev in the proof we use the fact that for a generic matrix a in n_b the algebra generated by a and b is a gorenstein algebra thus a generic pair of commuting nilpotent matrices generates a gorenstein algebra we also describe dlambda in terms of lambda if dlambda has at most two parts | [['let', 'b', 'be', 'a', 'nilpotent', 'matrix', 'and', 'suppose', 'that', 'its', 'jordan', 'canonical', 'form', 'is', 'determined', 'by', 'a', 'partition', 'lambda', 'then', 'it', 'is', 'known', 'that', 'its', 'nilpotent', 'commutator', 'n_b', 'is', 'an', 'irreducible', 'variety', 'and', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'unique', 'partition', 'mu', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'intersection', 'of', 'the', 'orbit', 'of', 'nilpotent', 'matrices', 'corresponding', 'to', 'mu', 'with', 'n_b', 'is', 'dense', 'in', 'n_b', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'map', 'd', 'given', 'by', 'dlambdamu', 'is', 'an', 'idempotent', 'map', 'this', 'answers', 'a', 'question', 'of', 'basili', 'and', 'iarrobino', 'and', 'gives', 'a', 'partial', 'answer', 'to', 'a', 'question', 'of', 'panyushev', 'in', 'the', 'proof', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'for', 'a', 'generic', 'matrix', 'a', 'in', 'n_b', 'the', 'algebra', 'generated', 'by', 'a', 'and', 'b', 'is', 'a', 'gorenstein', 'algebra', 'thus', 'a', 'generic', 'pair', 'of', 'commuting', 'nilpotent', 'matrices', 'generates', 'a', 'gorenstein', 'algebra', 'we', 'also', 'describe', 'dlambda', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'lambda', 'if', 'dlambda', 'has', 'at', 'most', 'two', 'parts']] | [-0.1559599502695764, 0.11736406833829247, -0.07422890673979377, 0.007622204412184391, -0.06574815313384624, -0.17408373298004587, -0.01870832479301285, 0.32363479916032745, -0.3292182838611952, -0.15662429129691624, 0.08998920289586555, -0.28146205547906405, -0.1459130031050097, 0.13702667415379843, -0.10182161366481149, -0.05148346269674969, 0.07385896599574134, 0.13403030938356586, -0.08748560906420891, -0.2424508276203951, 0.36973755954639287, -0.02871123560644845, 0.15658777495449844, 0.0632865561588489, 0.16452604224195322, 0.0008736341095245476, 0.0039017051887691866, 0.0006110150513985584, -0.13552626658134834, 0.10799749254320042, 0.28076334746970616, 0.15664900557785327, 0.23123738462277127, -0.30132022845486167, -0.07871125007035039, 0.2152816732983759, 0.17558234433333078, -0.006397599177699245, -0.034834133637804826, -0.21969252649747523, 0.17448088124628486, -0.193598566244931, -0.14412303047968036, -0.070191190898392, 0.17392855004823587, -0.06818539511861531, -0.3396297359165359, 0.009869735983344032, 0.10642421511100962, 0.08048966566781045, -0.015575486374028186, -0.0841122454429435, -0.07093180539020409, 0.04771473445658777, -0.059236993240139126, 0.07830453878194292, 0.08981988777849056, -0.06544201281945491, -0.09353181606171825, 0.3799078732147707, -0.05613567719751216, -0.2681015385089835, 0.13084565764887535, -0.16971261036113328, -0.13484163069354488, 0.10157199429202798, 0.03892413410523259, 0.1289263891736508, -0.07558482913762754, 0.23595937100158185, -0.18145928933641853, 0.12063988931609172, 0.08260308594958103, -0.0274431862412615, 0.17531058377196604, 0.1154287562157351, 0.07302096655513061, 0.10386168076210912, 0.053002551851913014, 0.03276219688428579, -0.3353940929874038, -0.18688436590650298, -0.19713986171442513, 0.14991807491776157, -0.1078233691053143, -0.16341251278203642, 0.42295574882160214, 0.09336000036263296, 0.2534164181969901, 0.07808155547959585, 0.20380143722823113, 0.09105275734988245, 0.04457880634606439, 0.06957961121534413, 0.09381285974349668, 0.23027151864160725, -0.03414640069694806, -0.14903553462329697, -0.020919125619615224, 0.17702807583813127] |
712.2814 | Proximity effect-assisted absorption of spin currents in superconductors | The injection of pure spin current into superconductors by the dynamics of a
ferromagnetic contact is studied theoretically. Taking into account suppression
of the order parameter at the interfaces (inverse proximity effect) and the
energy-dependence of spin-flip scattering, we determine the
temperature-dependent ferromagnetic resonance linewidth broadening. Our results
agree with recent experiments in Nb|permalloy bilayers [C. Bell et al.,
arXiv:cond-mat/0702461].
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.supr-con | the injection of pure spin current into superconductors by the dynamics of a ferromagnetic contact is studied theoretically taking into account suppression of the order parameter at the interfaces inverse proximity effect and the energydependence of spinflip scattering we determine the temperaturedependent ferromagnetic resonance linewidth broadening our results agree with recent experiments in nbpermalloy bilayers c bell et al arxivcondmat0702461 | [['the', 'injection', 'of', 'pure', 'spin', 'current', 'into', 'superconductors', 'by', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'a', 'ferromagnetic', 'contact', 'is', 'studied', 'theoretically', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'suppression', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'parameter', 'at', 'the', 'interfaces', 'inverse', 'proximity', 'effect', 'and', 'the', 'energydependence', 'of', 'spinflip', 'scattering', 'we', 'determine', 'the', 'temperaturedependent', 'ferromagnetic', 'resonance', 'linewidth', 'broadening', 'our', 'results', 'agree', 'with', 'recent', 'experiments', 'in', 'nbpermalloy', 'bilayers', 'c', 'bell', 'et', 'al', 'arxivcondmat0702461']] | [-0.15036423005773847, 0.18465886362186024, -0.01970336898551162, 0.03554624626774277, -0.052655946334888196, -0.11768483967070692, 0.04520173965760603, 0.37176008687900575, -0.21896370901695578, -0.2926585178115758, -0.056583475403824884, -0.3324576910456707, -0.07080310051618464, 0.18540336814676894, 0.11673980466379173, 0.02871780794370791, -0.013512359225544435, -0.09452355524589276, -0.06722331189165084, -0.2020727680867602, 0.32019812530227776, 0.0306001925230797, 0.320068330102568, 0.13956737055860716, 0.019511304193593818, 0.06204349533173031, 0.07344269306109898, 0.04933064829172759, -0.2082891064085837, 0.010053107370461884, 0.22432691183198114, -0.10468708868299065, 0.15298858799586265, -0.44762782627267056, -0.22783452845660263, -0.00902738752935467, 0.11624037225505915, 0.15057928447916719, -0.029402555897831917, -0.34762572908195954, 0.005525116150363766, -0.15936943506500845, -0.07111147752609746, -0.060365758764011596, 0.020063531601094996, -0.04046956082035241, -0.28076494982915706, 0.1282583819943127, 0.14458502581993374, 0.07538840304739003, -0.06319306681639161, -0.13420756755332494, -0.029630883286731188, 0.04832411032362745, 0.019232899476452892, 0.0011246826997476406, 0.17156212271496268, -0.09017973664569957, -0.17329612345402612, 0.30185034321942206, -0.07894960021126438, -0.08991550220626182, 0.13891989458352327, -0.21311586049529885, -0.036375732739166965, 0.1702259022357135, 0.11850732935849449, 0.06398922116656242, -0.11665471578980315, 0.10522985119464935, -0.012765778790645558, 0.13330717375180845, 0.046647243872124315, 0.02176832748127395, 0.20793953651947708, 0.229294473722834, -0.04391281118873378, 0.12294175683376218, -0.14718958087955955, -0.08837847819186523, -0.24594279931023202, -0.12509891095346418, -0.20622362145463582, 0.06900935169662638, -0.03278263892395349, -0.10217186937044406, 0.3797073880660123, 0.153691074184688, 0.23898070143407274, -0.06408068536106369, 0.30285148470309275, 0.16252774751046672, 0.056020922559425874, -0.002120124722092316, 0.29833010334977156, 0.2334917836766369, 0.10917922549335093, -0.3842639946298481, 0.12004085884084283, -0.020643067883391833] |
712.2815 | Two variants of the support problem for products of abelian varieties
and tori | Let G be the product of an abelian variety and a torus defined over a number
field K. Let P and Q be K-rational points on G. Suppose that for all but
finitely many primes p of K the order of (Q mod p) divides the order of (P mod
p). Then there exist a K-endomorphism f of G and a non-zero integer c such that
f(P)=cQ. Furthermore, we are able to prove the above result with weaker
assumptions: instead of comparing the order of the points we only compare the
radical of the order (radical support problem) or the l-adic valuation of the
order for some fixed rational prime l (l-adic support problem).
| math.NT | let g be the product of an abelian variety and a torus defined over a number field k let p and q be krational points on g suppose that for all but finitely many primes p of k the order of q mod p divides the order of p mod p then there exist a kendomorphism f of g and a nonzero integer c such that fpcq furthermore we are able to prove the above result with weaker assumptions instead of comparing the order of the points we only compare the radical of the order radical support problem or the ladic valuation of the order for some fixed rational prime l ladic support problem | [['let', 'g', 'be', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'an', 'abelian', 'variety', 'and', 'a', 'torus', 'defined', 'over', 'a', 'number', 'field', 'k', 'let', 'p', 'and', 'q', 'be', 'krational', 'points', 'on', 'g', 'suppose', 'that', 'for', 'all', 'but', 'finitely', 'many', 'primes', 'p', 'of', 'k', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'q', 'mod', 'p', 'divides', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'p', 'mod', 'p', 'then', 'there', 'exist', 'a', 'kendomorphism', 'f', 'of', 'g', 'and', 'a', 'nonzero', 'integer', 'c', 'such', 'that', 'fpcq', 'furthermore', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'prove', 'the', 'above', 'result', 'with', 'weaker', 'assumptions', 'instead', 'of', 'comparing', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'the', 'points', 'we', 'only', 'compare', 'the', 'radical', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'radical', 'support', 'problem', 'or', 'the', 'ladic', 'valuation', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'for', 'some', 'fixed', 'rational', 'prime', 'l', 'ladic', 'support', 'problem']] | [-0.25515518607406884, 0.10068996952946063, -0.09854254693584105, -0.01577484875554796, -0.06916385424010192, -0.17317287396408815, 0.04271286119195938, 0.2934122993899262, -0.32655249455267876, -0.2464277673980419, 0.03191081089157183, -0.27169782694313777, -0.08282191241036409, 0.18539702151984438, -0.05144971358153013, 0.00617349220942541, -0.004446579193885941, 0.19111707482272677, -0.02771035893160883, -0.3399356230681317, 0.36565626152189434, -0.11330351398318214, 0.1439116623219663, 0.03475984623161169, 0.058709030789611615, 0.01941644830373734, 0.038997467767974706, 0.015492667802568295, -0.16997161988167409, 0.08988901295089287, 0.32766216795528885, 0.07164777473513598, 0.28546633065340266, -0.37335047796698273, -0.14235709318108197, 0.2976612646989854, 0.11092703852522294, -0.07535507807722397, 0.030029782645231262, -0.1953394847089606, 0.23335070555320883, -0.16577415554001268, -0.1445599439455015, -0.0689931520038342, 0.15921805758313565, 0.030767469980086372, -0.3463223060527075, -0.0543154404886001, 0.1390573095151149, 0.1706957083558087, -0.03759980851998635, -0.20312477302515006, -0.049234175733166984, 0.042012230260297656, 0.02019850867676788, 0.10836651971135124, 0.05567965601711015, -0.08227899653705216, -0.10594284407324693, 0.4084421388343372, -0.04869619720673139, -0.15423608847442535, 0.1225913584364199, -0.20125702719731603, -0.1017324322076366, 0.1605076351887093, 0.09479791750983063, 0.15783784222022623, 0.06738418251671623, 0.21322036906716257, -0.14870072588266856, 0.14258825261170555, 0.09541716202846275, -0.060534051207380486, 0.14414147013773632, 0.009157851866891492, 0.09599672790268535, 0.07796822352112329, -0.024968227427205548, 0.06900855513501797, -0.3972964185265313, -0.1817038105635912, -0.17759569831691122, 0.15157469588669792, -0.10256348336406518, -0.11352881848548366, 0.36617376880341135, 0.11540973623307933, 0.20506499526379382, 0.09151659451143825, 0.20202585125127726, 0.09238668149584427, 0.020035089274860127, 0.1001511997238329, 0.03771356305450539, 0.17244444430632666, -0.09888438730545969, -0.16730198761462686, 0.01629699660316769, 0.11830620894175584] |
712.2816 | Coverage processes on spheres and condition numbers for linear
programming | This paper has two agendas. Firstly, we exhibit new results for coverage
processes. Let $p(n,m,\alpha)$ be the probability that $n$ spherical caps of
angular radius $\alpha$ in $S^m$ do not cover the whole sphere $S^m$. We give
an exact formula for $p(n,m,\alpha)$ in the case $\alpha\in[\pi/2,\pi]$ and an
upper bound for $p(n,m,\alpha)$ in the case $\alpha\in [0,\pi/2]$ which tends
to $p(n,m,\pi/2)$ when $\alpha\to\pi/2$. In the case $\alpha\in[0,\pi/2]$ this
yields upper bounds for the expected number of spherical caps of radius
$\alpha$ that are needed to cover $S^m$. Secondly, we study the condition
number ${\mathscr{C}}(A)$ of the linear programming feasibility problem
$\exists x\in\mathbb{R}^{m+1}Ax\le0,x\ne0$ where
$A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times(m+1)}$ is randomly chosen according to the standard
normal distribution. We exactly determine the distribution of
${\mathscr{C}}(A)$ conditioned to $A$ being feasible and provide an upper bound
on the distribution function in the infeasible case. Using these results, we
show that $\mathbf{E}(\ln{\mathscr{C}}(A))\le2\ln(m+1)+3.31$ for all $n>m$, the
sharpest bound for this expectancy as of today. Both agendas are related
through a result which translates between coverage and condition.
| math.PR math.OC | this paper has two agendas firstly we exhibit new results for coverage processes let pnmalpha be the probability that n spherical caps of angular radius alpha in sm do not cover the whole sphere sm we give an exact formula for pnmalpha in the case alphainpi2pi and an upper bound for pnmalpha in the case alphain 0pi2 which tends to pnmpi2 when alphatopi2 in the case alphain0pi2 this yields upper bounds for the expected number of spherical caps of radius alpha that are needed to cover sm secondly we study the condition number mathscrca of the linear programming feasibility problem exists xinmathbbrm1axle0xne0 where ainmathbbrntimesm1 is randomly chosen according to the standard normal distribution we exactly determine the distribution of mathscrca conditioned to a being feasible and provide an upper bound on the distribution function in the infeasible case using these results we show that mathbfelnmathscrcale2lnm1331 for all nm the sharpest bound for this expectancy as of today both agendas are related through a result which translates between coverage and condition | [['this', 'paper', 'has', 'two', 'agendas', 'firstly', 'we', 'exhibit', 'new', 'results', 'for', 'coverage', 'processes', 'let', 'pnmalpha', 'be', 'the', 'probability', 'that', 'n', 'spherical', 'caps', 'of', 'angular', 'radius', 'alpha', 'in', 'sm', 'do', 'not', 'cover', 'the', 'whole', 'sphere', 'sm', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'exact', 'formula', 'for', 'pnmalpha', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'alphainpi2pi', 'and', 'an', 'upper', 'bound', 'for', 'pnmalpha', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'alphain', '0pi2', 'which', 'tends', 'to', 'pnmpi2', 'when', 'alphatopi2', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'alphain0pi2', 'this', 'yields', 'upper', 'bounds', 'for', 'the', 'expected', 'number', 'of', 'spherical', 'caps', 'of', 'radius', 'alpha', 'that', 'are', 'needed', 'to', 'cover', 'sm', 'secondly', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'condition', 'number', 'mathscrca', 'of', 'the', 'linear', 'programming', 'feasibility', 'problem', 'exists', 'xinmathbbrm1axle0xne0', 'where', 'ainmathbbrntimesm1', 'is', 'randomly', 'chosen', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'standard', 'normal', 'distribution', 'we', 'exactly', 'determine', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'mathscrca', 'conditioned', 'to', 'a', 'being', 'feasible', 'and', 'provide', 'an', 'upper', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'distribution', 'function', 'in', 'the', 'infeasible', 'case', 'using', 'these', 'results', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'mathbfelnmathscrcale2lnm1331', 'for', 'all', 'nm', 'the', 'sharpest', 'bound', 'for', 'this', 'expectancy', 'as', 'of', 'today', 'both', 'agendas', 'are', 'related', 'through', 'a', 'result', 'which', 'translates', 'between', 'coverage', 'and', 'condition']] | [-0.09727234018515356, 0.11228816317398353, -0.062018653434290555, 0.06861582875500509, -0.04221578324155778, -0.11844316727672674, 0.07026270316604247, 0.3380795703992618, -0.23130488686078454, -0.3025850993957116, 0.09550977304291489, -0.2718175531636854, -0.10759910257527408, 0.225902511504687, -0.06821037408453268, 0.01432107212542562, 0.006686721319587242, 0.08044403896291787, -0.05477228490252522, -0.2702576880030889, 0.28785584544797677, 0.034837505292806846, 0.24433532077240647, 0.07861284114802199, 0.027247090896256036, 0.015932917470540504, 0.04065797676915095, 0.006586761294416895, -0.21794017285801093, 0.10524851628159815, 0.2212777859372266, 0.15821200299441165, 0.2314752294292951, -0.3917378464262493, -0.1320125305886317, 0.1708050304277213, 0.16689057288379033, 0.05486699887146444, -0.0239688781999711, -0.21171976693020844, 0.12086613703539352, -0.14186462814346973, -0.15777076453965458, -0.012201935139640888, 0.03290358631689425, 0.00977926313738275, -0.31960928692303087, 0.044728054607182925, 0.09891236000202643, 0.020163578306135334, -0.06756506177093487, -0.15732544257669992, 0.0032971591843430946, 0.1359115141664085, 0.05035719518862109, 0.0052673461086330765, 0.05486380655129776, -0.09376770676900373, -0.06971829261931574, 0.3483569560809674, -0.0846538401804633, -0.23637567340361637, 0.13206633565924275, -0.18646950132042886, -0.11837723506052374, 0.12196013354877103, 0.18877138642764865, 0.1434031811438686, -0.10877129545419763, 0.12329474517168848, -0.11327982830282833, 0.1552662553304737, 0.07326757460716904, 0.027558336312078543, 0.17655370981137483, 0.12696711127414884, 0.1500772932813335, 0.16668913184494497, -0.10154284843983366, -0.08920780058389079, -0.34641474110554465, -0.1662008279391495, -0.18865298795707594, 0.04484357540678271, -0.09891868575148195, -0.16289759954793367, 0.31988633710671194, 0.13634128387444738, 0.21670379995813835, 0.13051713497510978, 0.2501483045088891, 0.12992379504548074, 0.013489699734502142, 0.08057180713711781, 0.220213114312902, 0.10930424721431427, 0.029618880757772775, -0.15874599753907934, 0.06650667653205047, 0.06123750034997367] |
712.2817 | On the motivic spectra representing algebraic cobordism and algebraic
K-theory | We show that the motivic spectrum representing algebraic $K$-theory is a
localization of the suspension spectrum of $\mathbb{P}^\infty$, and similarly
that the motivic spectrum representing periodic algebraic cobordism is a
localization of the suspension spectrum of $BGL$. In particular, working over
$\mathbb{C}$ and passing to spaces of $\mathbb{C}$-valued points, we obtain new
proofs of the topological versions of these theorems, originally due to the
second author. We conclude with a couple of applications: first, we give a
short proof of the motivic Conner-Floyd theorem, and second, we show that
algebraic $K$-theory and periodic algebraic cobordism are $E_\infty$ motivic
spectra.
| math.AG math.AT | we show that the motivic spectrum representing algebraic ktheory is a localization of the suspension spectrum of mathbbpinfty and similarly that the motivic spectrum representing periodic algebraic cobordism is a localization of the suspension spectrum of bgl in particular working over mathbbc and passing to spaces of mathbbcvalued points we obtain new proofs of the topological versions of these theorems originally due to the second author we conclude with a couple of applications first we give a short proof of the motivic connerfloyd theorem and second we show that algebraic ktheory and periodic algebraic cobordism are e_infty motivic spectra | [['we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'motivic', 'spectrum', 'representing', 'algebraic', 'ktheory', 'is', 'a', 'localization', 'of', 'the', 'suspension', 'spectrum', 'of', 'mathbbpinfty', 'and', 'similarly', 'that', 'the', 'motivic', 'spectrum', 'representing', 'periodic', 'algebraic', 'cobordism', 'is', 'a', 'localization', 'of', 'the', 'suspension', 'spectrum', 'of', 'bgl', 'in', 'particular', 'working', 'over', 'mathbbc', 'and', 'passing', 'to', 'spaces', 'of', 'mathbbcvalued', 'points', 'we', 'obtain', 'new', 'proofs', 'of', 'the', 'topological', 'versions', 'of', 'these', 'theorems', 'originally', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'second', 'author', 'we', 'conclude', 'with', 'a', 'couple', 'of', 'applications', 'first', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'short', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'motivic', 'connerfloyd', 'theorem', 'and', 'second', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'algebraic', 'ktheory', 'and', 'periodic', 'algebraic', 'cobordism', 'are', 'e_infty', 'motivic', 'spectra']] | [-0.22409740815174348, 0.043152408546064884, -0.1935599506927692, 0.10410417028351174, -0.06866554066310732, -0.11956753812692299, -0.0086715560815088, 0.30935761781067267, -0.33820852447225125, -0.201454464821335, 0.08711013174021845, -0.22000398140338875, -0.18214257219236116, 0.22924669830803285, -0.19535840490870937, -0.01132383491197715, 0.024463585492375553, 0.05821926437546404, -0.07157463545445353, -0.24934280679646728, 0.4044964767384286, -0.038575669579512, 0.1850342286123457, 0.09293190013541251, 0.060917369123282175, 0.02295695577406001, -0.05196915570247386, -0.041963712074698845, -0.13444755683355783, 0.1839264367650054, 0.3089225001975286, 0.023275871808659667, 0.16047800555160002, -0.35985730407873584, -0.1386614694136518, 0.14698734843381206, 0.12383069920208667, 0.0509291264627661, -0.000511094525382778, -0.3116611954851114, 0.17785004206115798, -0.20267356561534866, -0.12151649663680975, -0.11724012373540936, 0.032774326557825716, 0.057885362263008645, -0.18589172681451452, -0.025301554045468872, 0.09689246948812293, 0.15784024649622794, -0.13674493158255152, -0.006844677016785254, -0.03889264070371888, 0.12160561914194604, 0.03143745182766294, -0.016477788147535557, 0.10012851259671152, -0.06043447646293409, -0.13631434789003463, 0.37007880484571265, -0.06217445504414488, -0.11339335087496712, 0.13315154856298955, -0.1255163054019973, -0.21039839625377588, 0.16293601275478697, 0.03303784899750953, 0.17089048649032354, 0.013727302781819386, 0.18290452025973294, -0.10564839586197418, 0.12875265220883397, 0.12679623731183914, 0.047491569903546145, 0.13102413173194746, 0.06562325135776204, 0.07318737731334202, 0.17189460352291258, -0.02689190111503157, -0.08061622972873382, -0.3263529196229516, -0.22548177405925734, -0.14631131704069902, 0.18123420299391965, -0.08685472414636396, -0.24422552242723047, 0.4781882884361002, 0.09317755025849507, 0.18388726324679291, 0.19209808453457783, 0.28413418329758, 0.10775128578558107, -0.013529743861148077, 0.002879333682358265, 0.14258111279685887, 0.23360959563537367, 0.07748759347275469, -0.08673952884879438, -0.08838557935205801, 0.22813126174447945] |
712.2818 | The formation, disruption and properties of pressure-supported stellar
systems and implications for the astrophysics of galaxies | Most stars form in dense star clusters deeply embedded in residual gas. These
objects must therefore be seen as the fundamental building blocks of galaxies.
With this contribution some physical processes that act in the very early and
also later dynamical evolution of dense stellar systems in terms of shaping
their later appearance and properties, and the impact they have on their host
galaxies, are highlighted. Considering dense systems with increasing mass, it
turns out that near 10^6 Msol their properties change fundamentally: stellar
populations become complex, a galaxial mass--radius relation emerges and the
median two-body relaxation time becomes longer than a Hubble time.
Intriguingly, only systems with a two-body relaxation time longer than a Hubble
time show weak evidence for dark matter, whereby dSph galaxies form total
outliers.
| astro-ph | most stars form in dense star clusters deeply embedded in residual gas these objects must therefore be seen as the fundamental building blocks of galaxies with this contribution some physical processes that act in the very early and also later dynamical evolution of dense stellar systems in terms of shaping their later appearance and properties and the impact they have on their host galaxies are highlighted considering dense systems with increasing mass it turns out that near 106 msol their properties change fundamentally stellar populations become complex a galaxial massradius relation emerges and the median twobody relaxation time becomes longer than a hubble time intriguingly only systems with a twobody relaxation time longer than a hubble time show weak evidence for dark matter whereby dsph galaxies form total outliers | [['most', 'stars', 'form', 'in', 'dense', 'star', 'clusters', 'deeply', 'embedded', 'in', 'residual', 'gas', 'these', 'objects', 'must', 'therefore', 'be', 'seen', 'as', 'the', 'fundamental', 'building', 'blocks', 'of', 'galaxies', 'with', 'this', 'contribution', 'some', 'physical', 'processes', 'that', 'act', 'in', 'the', 'very', 'early', 'and', 'also', 'later', 'dynamical', 'evolution', 'of', 'dense', 'stellar', 'systems', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'shaping', 'their', 'later', 'appearance', 'and', 'properties', 'and', 'the', 'impact', 'they', 'have', 'on', 'their', 'host', 'galaxies', 'are', 'highlighted', 'considering', 'dense', 'systems', 'with', 'increasing', 'mass', 'it', 'turns', 'out', 'that', 'near', '106', 'msol', 'their', 'properties', 'change', 'fundamentally', 'stellar', 'populations', 'become', 'complex', 'a', 'galaxial', 'massradius', 'relation', 'emerges', 'and', 'the', 'median', 'twobody', 'relaxation', 'time', 'becomes', 'longer', 'than', 'a', 'hubble', 'time', 'intriguingly', 'only', 'systems', 'with', 'a', 'twobody', 'relaxation', 'time', 'longer', 'than', 'a', 'hubble', 'time', 'show', 'weak', 'evidence', 'for', 'dark', 'matter', 'whereby', 'dsph', 'galaxies', 'form', 'total', 'outliers']] | [-0.12425389222744343, 0.17795235019366373, -0.121566967226304, 0.1299591749875617, -0.08021798672962177, -0.06349925221456942, 0.033803918449848425, 0.3989387902256567, -0.18893589298841107, -0.33114484746329254, 0.07580474168935325, -0.24548482695536222, -0.09738530749018537, 0.189951637195918, 0.017276567603403237, -0.021390577864622173, 0.0674719184080459, -0.02461515468894504, -0.08198340031685802, -0.30378136799117783, 0.3073400673820288, 0.034922400023788214, 0.15460260464897146, -0.04112771344080102, 0.027971445542789297, -0.07262904464732856, -0.06002327548048925, 0.0019863340057781897, -0.10741213182302545, 0.014852291782972316, 0.24132294202718185, 0.1193591704533219, 0.25407908247507294, -0.4312663509917911, -0.23740993332467042, 0.13206298034674546, 0.23043270189737086, 0.05864129926703754, -0.08984152445646032, -0.2699948308727471, 0.047017022163345246, -0.16716726277081762, -0.13756025615293765, 0.004088891982974019, 0.10020088964665774, -0.000606345440246514, -0.1681451605654729, 0.15888585531024546, 0.055726149565771266, 0.028949124349310296, -0.0951838213022711, -0.09575871473225561, -0.05202025989137837, 0.08535750998908043, 0.026150944489927497, 0.04436381957202684, 0.22033409953291994, -0.175617384547877, 0.019788915575190913, 0.4422023057413753, -0.02983056837933873, -0.07439202957539237, 0.28207422012383176, -0.1845924057342927, -0.17792156070572673, 0.10111940957358456, 0.16853845534205902, 0.10339057345481706, -0.18815807587191102, 0.01867529529681633, 0.014003067382873269, 0.2106643093720777, 0.06429862714503543, 0.14783319432353892, 0.33691448044919525, 0.1561377537509543, 0.05408215736861166, 0.048813614270102335, -0.07774829953086737, -0.11418234851953457, -0.20187060686475888, -0.1259456242005399, -0.12489529221784323, 0.07184412739297841, -0.13548211474289928, -0.12434868418495171, 0.28793152047728654, 0.06276522829284659, 0.25823220123857027, 0.08250698642768839, 0.2852469544886844, 0.10836174377482166, 0.13919769303356588, 0.11776767342053063, 0.26992974842619333, 0.16210192695143633, 0.07833582822422613, -0.24279630956971232, 0.08864901954802917, -0.003849157888907939] |
712.2819 | The spin expansion for binary black hole merger: new predictions and
future directions | In a recent paper arXiv:0709.0299, we introduced a spin expansion that
provides a simple yet powerful way to understand aspects of binary black hole
(BBH) merger. This approach relies on the symmetry properties of initial and
final quantities like the black hole mass m, kick velocity {\bf k}, and spin
vector {\bf s}, rather than a detailed understanding of the merger dynamics. In
this paper, we expand on this proposal, examine how well its predictions agree
with current simulations, and discuss several future directions that would make
it an even more valuable tool. The spin expansion yields many new predictions,
including several exact results that may be useful for testing numerical codes.
Some of these predictions have already been confirmed, while others await
future simulations. We explain how a relatively small number of simulations --
10 equal-mass simulations, and 16 unequal-mass simulations -- may be used to
calibrate all of the coefficients in the spin expansion up to second order at
the minimum computational cost. For a more general set of simulations of given
covariance, we derive the minimum-variance unbiased estimators for the spin
expansion coefficients. We discuss how this calibration would be interesting
and fruitful for general relativity and astrophysics. Finally, we sketch the
extension to eccentric orbits.
| astro-ph gr-qc hep-ph | in a recent paper arxiv07090299 we introduced a spin expansion that provides a simple yet powerful way to understand aspects of binary black hole bbh merger this approach relies on the symmetry properties of initial and final quantities like the black hole mass m kick velocity bf k and spin vector bf s rather than a detailed understanding of the merger dynamics in this paper we expand on this proposal examine how well its predictions agree with current simulations and discuss several future directions that would make it an even more valuable tool the spin expansion yields many new predictions including several exact results that may be useful for testing numerical codes some of these predictions have already been confirmed while others await future simulations we explain how a relatively small number of simulations 10 equalmass simulations and 16 unequalmass simulations may be used to calibrate all of the coefficients in the spin expansion up to second order at the minimum computational cost for a more general set of simulations of given covariance we derive the minimumvariance unbiased estimators for the spin expansion coefficients we discuss how this calibration would be interesting and fruitful for general relativity and astrophysics finally we sketch the extension to eccentric orbits | [['in', 'a', 'recent', 'paper', 'arxiv07090299', 'we', 'introduced', 'a', 'spin', 'expansion', 'that', 'provides', 'a', 'simple', 'yet', 'powerful', 'way', 'to', 'understand', 'aspects', 'of', 'binary', 'black', 'hole', 'bbh', 'merger', 'this', 'approach', 'relies', 'on', 'the', 'symmetry', 'properties', 'of', 'initial', 'and', 'final', 'quantities', 'like', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'mass', 'm', 'kick', 'velocity', 'bf', 'k', 'and', 'spin', 'vector', 'bf', 's', 'rather', 'than', 'a', 'detailed', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'merger', 'dynamics', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'expand', 'on', 'this', 'proposal', 'examine', 'how', 'well', 'its', 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712.282 | The Production Rate and Employment of Ph.D. Astronomers | In an effort to encourage self-regulation of the astronomy job market, I
examine the supply of, and demand for, astronomers over time. On the supply
side, I document the production rate of Ph.D. astronomers from 1970 to 2006
using the UMI Dissertation Abstracts database, along with data from other
independent sources. I compare the long-term trends in Ph.D. production with
federal astronomy research funding over the same time period, and I demonstrate
that additional funding is correlated with higher subsequent Ph.D. production.
On the demand side, I monitor the changing patterns of employment using
statistics about the number and types of jobs advertised in the AAS Job
Register from 1984 to 2006. Finally, I assess the sustainability of the job
market by normalizing this demand by the annual Ph.D. production. The most
recent data suggest that there are now annual advertisements for about one
postdoctoral job, half a faculty job, and half a research/support position for
every new domestic Ph.D. recipient in astronomy and astrophysics. The average
new astronomer might expect to hold up to 3 jobs before finding a steady
position.
| astro-ph | in an effort to encourage selfregulation of the astronomy job market i examine the supply of and demand for astronomers over time on the supply side i document the production rate of phd astronomers from 1970 to 2006 using the umi dissertation abstracts database along with data from other independent sources i compare the longterm trends in phd production with federal astronomy research funding over the same time period and i demonstrate that additional funding is correlated with higher subsequent phd production on the demand side i monitor the changing patterns of employment using statistics about the number and types of jobs advertised in the aas job register from 1984 to 2006 finally i assess the sustainability of the job market by normalizing this demand by the annual phd production the most recent data suggest that there are now annual advertisements for about one postdoctoral job half a faculty job and half a researchsupport position for every new domestic phd recipient in astronomy and astrophysics the average new astronomer might expect to hold up to 3 jobs before finding a steady position | [['in', 'an', 'effort', 'to', 'encourage', 'selfregulation', 'of', 'the', 'astronomy', 'job', 'market', 'i', 'examine', 'the', 'supply', 'of', 'and', 'demand', 'for', 'astronomers', 'over', 'time', 'on', 'the', 'supply', 'side', 'i', 'document', 'the', 'production', 'rate', 'of', 'phd', 'astronomers', 'from', '1970', 'to', '2006', 'using', 'the', 'umi', 'dissertation', 'abstracts', 'database', 'along', 'with', 'data', 'from', 'other', 'independent', 'sources', 'i', 'compare', 'the', 'longterm', 'trends', 'in', 'phd', 'production', 'with', 'federal', 'astronomy', 'research', 'funding', 'over', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'period', 'and', 'i', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'additional', 'funding', 'is', 'correlated', 'with', 'higher', 'subsequent', 'phd', 'production', 'on', 'the', 'demand', 'side', 'i', 'monitor', 'the', 'changing', 'patterns', 'of', 'employment', 'using', 'statistics', 'about', 'the', 'number', 'and', 'types', 'of', 'jobs', 'advertised', 'in', 'the', 'aas', 'job', 'register', 'from', '1984', 'to', '2006', 'finally', 'i', 'assess', 'the', 'sustainability', 'of', 'the', 'job', 'market', 'by', 'normalizing', 'this', 'demand', 'by', 'the', 'annual', 'phd', 'production', 'the', 'most', 'recent', 'data', 'suggest', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'now', 'annual', 'advertisements', 'for', 'about', 'one', 'postdoctoral', 'job', 'half', 'a', 'faculty', 'job', 'and', 'half', 'a', 'researchsupport', 'position', 'for', 'every', 'new', 'domestic', 'phd', 'recipient', 'in', 'astronomy', 'and', 'astrophysics', 'the', 'average', 'new', 'astronomer', 'might', 'expect', 'to', 'hold', 'up', 'to', '3', 'jobs', 'before', 'finding', 'a', 'steady', 'position']] | [-0.055332243241863685, 0.10302445824453878, -0.07027386351570858, 0.041593348251582375, -0.12894223451238765, -0.15348490367731007, 0.11400799934227451, 0.3583142918364778, -0.23080709581173317, -0.36646922016567784, 0.13995152623881457, -0.3443217104125912, -0.031129084522347094, 0.17723294205060589, -0.1403257392040706, -0.019263263193643472, 0.10521447048162352, 0.03342177610823792, 0.043152281363592455, -0.38216619311255606, 0.24355275436428, 0.1248788249560565, 0.3034117749804703, 0.04607897693322179, 0.04337862143048615, 0.0269383460962476, -0.14094474979303906, -0.0795898108469137, -0.1166978664262875, 0.11898708126626044, 0.31335370005134144, 0.23831588518062127, 0.3724002271057081, -0.4317837860787388, -0.10473365293949513, 0.08017667885663925, 0.0622201942689511, 0.035691856267702514, -0.015421719581676, -0.26637882910133726, 0.006711964020492684, -0.24367291662965526, -0.0917712287920738, 0.052779891770024324, 0.09730029323277223, 0.05567057107353984, -0.1888625249819758, 0.02940962153862524, -0.02141676700895251, 0.13594403812270714, -0.0654666558710745, -0.16855179887259822, -0.02090028253800714, 0.18406755836855476, 0.10754983413556735, 0.03744654188148718, 0.11855427491914697, -0.15531797100820718, -0.15464743260244032, 0.38141125413841304, -0.05594028648566609, -0.06569576974268694, 0.14393435819852757, -0.17466231611510996, -0.19477891182598983, 0.0752216093615212, 0.2231975629879419, 0.01928404610101082, -0.1849258930823709, 0.004228913249352751, 0.006709935179607974, 0.17358808501402317, 0.09465510362549556, -0.02518423714929708, 0.23436518100820974, 0.13578918489282796, 0.07960606592408902, 0.06874329637438933, -0.055641366495591336, -0.09343936378091254, -0.2612168667683615, -0.19104872571911602, -0.14873893461987706, 0.041111393751916143, -0.004837544351537681, -0.07679744663446349, 0.4161977453764466, 0.1652470301188405, 0.07956447166735461, 0.05127014938062726, 0.2499747222433515, 0.04736709916830392, 0.041752605643448196, 0.15012656434989682, 0.1638011857867241, -0.004066892197221847, 0.2261894898918761, -0.14785318073651943, 0.11476017003274364, -0.02572505871472026] |
712.2821 | Cascading Gravity and Degravitation | We construct a cascading brane model of gravity in which the behavior of the
gravitational force law interpolates from (n+4)-dimensional to
(n+3)-dimensional all the way down to 4-dimensional from longer to shorter
length scales. We show that at the linearized level, this model exhibits the
features necessary for degravitation of the cosmological constant. The model is
shown to be ghost free with the addition of suitable brane kinetic operators,
and we demonstrate this using a number of independent procedures. Consequently
this is a consistent IR modification of gravity, providing a promising
framework for a dynamical, degravitating solution of the cosmological constant
problem.
| hep-th | we construct a cascading brane model of gravity in which the behavior of the gravitational force law interpolates from n4dimensional to n3dimensional all the way down to 4dimensional from longer to shorter length scales we show that at the linearized level this model exhibits the features necessary for degravitation of the cosmological constant the model is shown to be ghost free with the addition of suitable brane kinetic operators and we demonstrate this using a number of independent procedures consequently this is a consistent ir modification of gravity providing a promising framework for a dynamical degravitating solution of the cosmological constant problem | [['we', 'construct', 'a', 'cascading', 'brane', 'model', 'of', 'gravity', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'force', 'law', 'interpolates', 'from', 'n4dimensional', 'to', 'n3dimensional', 'all', 'the', 'way', 'down', 'to', '4dimensional', 'from', 'longer', 'to', 'shorter', 'length', 'scales', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'at', 'the', 'linearized', 'level', 'this', 'model', 'exhibits', 'the', 'features', 'necessary', 'for', 'degravitation', 'of', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'ghost', 'free', 'with', 'the', 'addition', 'of', 'suitable', 'brane', 'kinetic', 'operators', 'and', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'this', 'using', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'independent', 'procedures', 'consequently', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'consistent', 'ir', 'modification', 'of', 'gravity', 'providing', 'a', 'promising', 'framework', 'for', 'a', 'dynamical', 'degravitating', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'problem']] | [-0.13258305146226512, 0.11074722608478338, -0.13331212858468586, 0.07849848983117708, -0.08855692377341363, -0.13973885792531257, -0.007642324883764719, 0.29716632414755284, -0.2620759314820901, -0.28777930611634955, 0.052296953048675744, -0.24037236700692743, -0.14073748013698587, 0.17911734637192578, -0.022654165376854295, 0.036066526090543644, -0.012150318617475968, 0.049124197240042335, -0.05150607592362326, -0.21200562149797583, 0.3356638592211347, 0.09163765830225219, 0.24763037216867886, 0.04034052315560699, 0.14929846509724432, -0.050037235062678945, -0.0065701863153235, 0.0637906778914233, -0.15755240916419722, 0.08926751001569096, 0.16967355755532124, 0.08506161592923295, 0.23469143488681785, -0.3979848034807718, -0.2492679394667457, 0.0938414867428661, 0.13243924599944376, 0.19267910715608, -0.03283869521692395, -0.22823241955655463, 0.0931266744292396, -0.17228545881259968, -0.16474274229075686, -0.03399714056913759, 0.0013210559081213147, -0.05263815783009883, -0.29389321226078796, 0.10978645480730954, 0.012927809221996451, -0.010718011872514206, -0.08890219374249379, -0.04371678306922024, -0.011042714707882088, 0.08813847269059397, 0.10670176104017004, 0.04090595883962141, 0.09850773816088251, -0.12869915590785883, -0.08086240652711223, 0.4036947531881286, -0.12980371138866187, -0.2029947798023475, 0.16723970216059802, -0.12482209081816323, -0.1238137479031495, 0.10795325234386266, 0.10151306335248199, 0.15038751668044806, -0.15027705438015068, 0.14599278071545996, -0.009614516655097296, 0.1941381304287443, 0.06722533347897743, 0.041911906722531304, 0.25751724389984326, 0.16870621074100628, 0.07054291235502153, 0.15005438032391133, -0.03294199669057978, -0.09694269769277204, -0.3670612707661063, -0.13483332702890038, -0.12886772054708653, 0.08795971449866306, -0.1568564723618728, -0.18204024010514794, 0.3757562817658718, 0.1850887054700733, 0.18605779310432718, 0.11549790620041427, 0.2621066679849344, 0.10210070179378175, 0.09394994770249754, 0.0725515951338571, 0.26336505631551, 0.07442208042473294, 0.08208836542839623, -0.23987492162953405, -0.05308334376462096, 0.09624113179925903] |
712.2822 | Classical Effective Field Theory and Caged Black Holes | Matched asymptotic expansion is a useful technique in General Relativity and
other fields whenever interaction takes place between physics at two different
length scales. Here matched asymptotic expansion is argued to be equivalent
quite generally to Classical Effective Field Theory (CLEFT) where one (or more)
of the zones is replaced by an effective theory whose terms are organized in
order of increasing irrelevancy, as demonstrated by Goldberger and Rothstein in
a certain gravitational context. The CLEFT perspective has advantages as the
procedure is clearer, it allows a representation via Feynman diagrams, and
divergences can be regularized and renormalized in standard field theoretic
methods. As a side product we obtain a wide class of classical examples of
regularization and renormalization, concepts which are usually associated with
Quantum Field Theories.
We demonstrate these ideas through the thermodynamics of caged black holes,
both simplifying the non-rotating case, and computing the rotating case. In
particular we are able to replace the computation of six two-loop diagrams by a
single factorizable two-loop diagram, as well as compute certain new three-loop
diagrams. The results generalize to arbitrary compactification manifolds. For
caged rotating black holes we obtain the leading correction for all
thermodynamic quantities. The angular momentum is found to non-renormalize at
leading order.
| hep-th gr-qc | matched asymptotic expansion is a useful technique in general relativity and other fields whenever interaction takes place between physics at two different length scales here matched asymptotic expansion is argued to be equivalent quite generally to classical effective field theory cleft where one or more of the zones is replaced by an effective theory whose terms are organized in order of increasing irrelevancy as demonstrated by goldberger and rothstein in a certain gravitational context the cleft perspective has advantages as the procedure is clearer it allows a representation via feynman diagrams and divergences can be regularized and renormalized in standard field theoretic methods as a side product we obtain a wide class of classical examples of regularization and renormalization concepts which are usually associated with quantum field theories we demonstrate these ideas through the thermodynamics of caged black holes both simplifying the nonrotating case and computing the rotating case in particular we are able to replace the computation of six twoloop diagrams by a single factorizable twoloop diagram as well as compute certain new threeloop diagrams the results generalize to arbitrary compactification manifolds for caged rotating black holes we obtain the leading correction for all thermodynamic quantities the angular momentum is found to nonrenormalize at leading order | [['matched', 'asymptotic', 'expansion', 'is', 'a', 'useful', 'technique', 'in', 'general', 'relativity', 'and', 'other', 'fields', 'whenever', 'interaction', 'takes', 'place', 'between', 'physics', 'at', 'two', 'different', 'length', 'scales', 'here', 'matched', 'asymptotic', 'expansion', 'is', 'argued', 'to', 'be', 'equivalent', 'quite', 'generally', 'to', 'classical', 'effective', 'field', 'theory', 'cleft', 'where', 'one', 'or', 'more', 'of', 'the', 'zones', 'is', 'replaced', 'by', 'an', 'effective', 'theory', 'whose', 'terms', 'are', 'organized', 'in', 'order', 'of', 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712.2823 | The Outermost Ejecta of Type Ia Supernovae | The properties of the highest velocity ejecta of normal Type Ia supernovae
(SNe Ia) are studied via models of very early optical spectra of 6 SNe. At
epochs earlier than 1 week before maximum, SNe with a rapidly evolving Si II
6355 line velocity (HVG) have a larger photospheric velocity than SNe with a
slowly evolving Si II 6355 line velocity (LVG). Since the two groups have
comparable luminosities, the temperature at the photosphere is higher in LVG
SNe. This explains the different overall spectral appearance of HVG and LVG
SNe. However, the variation of the Ca II and Si II absorptions at the highest
velocities (v >~ 20,000 km/s) suggests that additional factors, such as
asphericity or different abundances in the progenitor white dwarf, affect the
outermost layers. The C II 6578 line is marginally detected in 3 LVG SNe,
suggesting that LVG undergo less intense burning. The carbon mass fraction is
small, only less than 0.01 near the photosphere, so that he mass of unburned C
is only <~ 0.01 Msun. Radioactive 56Ni and stable Fe are detected in both LVG
and HVG SNe. Different Fe-group abundances in the outer layers may be one of
the reasons for spectral diversity among SNe Ia at the earliest times. The
diversity among SNe Ia at the earliest phases could also indicate an intrinsic
dispersion in the width-luminosity relation of the light curve.
| astro-ph | the properties of the highest velocity ejecta of normal type ia supernovae sne ia are studied via models of very early optical spectra of 6 sne at epochs earlier than 1 week before maximum sne with a rapidly evolving si ii 6355 line velocity hvg have a larger photospheric velocity than sne with a slowly evolving si ii 6355 line velocity lvg since the two groups have comparable luminosities the temperature at the photosphere is higher in lvg sne this explains the different overall spectral appearance of hvg and lvg sne however the variation of the ca ii and si ii absorptions at the highest velocities v 20000 kms suggests that additional factors such as asphericity or different abundances in the progenitor white dwarf affect the outermost layers the c ii 6578 line is marginally detected in 3 lvg sne suggesting that lvg undergo less intense burning the carbon mass fraction is small only less than 001 near the photosphere so that he mass of unburned c is only 001 msun radioactive 56ni and stable fe are detected in both lvg and hvg sne different fegroup abundances in the outer layers may be one of the reasons for spectral diversity among sne ia at the earliest times the diversity among sne ia at the earliest phases could also indicate an intrinsic dispersion in the widthluminosity relation of the light curve | [['the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'highest', 'velocity', 'ejecta', 'of', 'normal', 'type', 'ia', 'supernovae', 'sne', 'ia', 'are', 'studied', 'via', 'models', 'of', 'very', 'early', 'optical', 'spectra', 'of', '6', 'sne', 'at', 'epochs', 'earlier', 'than', '1', 'week', 'before', 'maximum', 'sne', 'with', 'a', 'rapidly', 'evolving', 'si', 'ii', '6355', 'line', 'velocity', 'hvg', 'have', 'a', 'larger', 'photospheric', 'velocity', 'than', 'sne', 'with', 'a', 'slowly', 'evolving', 'si', 'ii', '6355', 'line', 'velocity', 'lvg', 'since', 'the', 'two', 'groups', 'have', 'comparable', 'luminosities', 'the', 'temperature', 'at', 'the', 'photosphere', 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712.2824 | Localization of gauge theory on a four-sphere and supersymmetric Wilson
loops | We prove conjecture due to Erickson-Semenoff-Zarembo and Drukker-Gross which
relates supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operators in the N=4 supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory with a Gaussian matrix model. We also compute the partition
function and give a new matrix model formula for the expectation value of a
supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operator for the pure N=2 and the N=2*
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a four-sphere. A four-dimensional N=2
superconformal gauge theory is treated similarly.
| hep-th | we prove conjecture due to ericksonsemenoffzarembo and drukkergross which relates supersymmetric circular wilson loop operators in the n4 supersymmetric yangmills theory with a gaussian matrix model we also compute the partition function and give a new matrix model formula for the expectation value of a supersymmetric circular wilson loop operator for the pure n2 and the n2 supersymmetric yangmills theory on a foursphere a fourdimensional n2 superconformal gauge theory is treated similarly | [['we', 'prove', 'conjecture', 'due', 'to', 'ericksonsemenoffzarembo', 'and', 'drukkergross', 'which', 'relates', 'supersymmetric', 'circular', 'wilson', 'loop', 'operators', 'in', 'the', 'n4', 'supersymmetric', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'with', 'a', 'gaussian', 'matrix', 'model', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'the', 'partition', 'function', 'and', 'give', 'a', 'new', 'matrix', 'model', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'expectation', 'value', 'of', 'a', 'supersymmetric', 'circular', 'wilson', 'loop', 'operator', 'for', 'the', 'pure', 'n2', 'and', 'the', 'n2', 'supersymmetric', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'on', 'a', 'foursphere', 'a', 'fourdimensional', 'n2', 'superconformal', 'gauge', 'theory', 'is', 'treated', 'similarly']] | [-0.055415214880901786, 0.21898062664549797, -0.0710595728629934, 0.1298983084653238, 0.0012371373329577702, -0.22569114116818778, -0.027302359614986928, 0.29515227912259956, -0.09824772981560922, -0.2260522069941674, 0.09092197743344253, -0.29517069043525096, -0.24153148768735783, 0.03996886353540633, -0.06242889538407326, 0.12767061748142752, 0.004725358678427126, 0.08644999960171325, -0.1497701136129243, -0.23002091139954114, 0.2660150994646496, -0.03864179447825466, 0.21496931494080596, 0.10978047866374255, 0.09891610194795898, 0.08265304964567934, -0.0025539249181747437, -0.01683058589364269, -0.0922346989225064, 0.1830996763327026, 0.1799252406560949, 0.07780076087385948, 0.07276556816484248, -0.4471420763060451, -0.19464576551358082, 0.11542789241565125, 0.1596869430039078, 0.1176408924079234, 0.047394061715541676, -0.20519296215581043, 0.017657315830833145, -0.20262764813711068, -0.22970397032830597, -0.04662628875313593, 0.015930619919007377, -0.2416592139617673, -0.353590266818979, 0.05100478025311272, -0.060603925372873034, 0.03558594463393092, -0.012668772361108235, -0.09806789311447314, -0.09052855830107416, 0.01942285766958126, 0.0820655224379152, 0.08378135465401491, 0.13103863061405718, -0.20965664509151663, -0.1981979764598821, 0.3505087895584958, -0.10958729697075406, -0.26705391492162434, 0.03555001707614532, -0.17029799797705242, -0.21837383479412112, 0.04871037656703266, 0.08468697093526965, 0.23745600491363023, -0.07457346264272928, 0.3197484681091737, -0.15530853259510227, 0.11048527715195502, 0.10647072854584881, -0.0220689550973475, 0.22687586080282926, 0.036802830307611396, 0.08993830836511084, 0.20109149792364667, 0.046649272729908785, -0.18289554490973906, -0.4487403301256044, -0.18126835513061712, -0.08835285916658385, 0.14004427096806465, -0.19749919869874638, -0.24936725059524179, 0.3634377781235214, 0.09886798740231566, 0.16748480474842445, 0.17420530610751095, 0.16028454921075275, 0.19419270108586975, 0.060906580675925526, 0.032304760540968605, 0.19161649082920382, 0.2748215657426044, 0.06760081077393676, -0.2554146626298981, -0.21510735118894705, 0.32590876878239217] |
712.2825 | The Milky Way as a Kiloparsec-Scale Axionscope | Very high energy gamma-rays are expected to be absorbed by the extragalactic
background light over cosmological distances via the process of
electron-positron pair production. Recent observations of cosmologically
distant gamma-ray emitters by ground based gamma-ray telescopes have, however,
revealed a surprising degree of transparency of the universe to very high
energy photons. One possible mechanism to explain this observation is the
oscillation between photons and axion-like-particles (ALPs). Here we explore
this possibility further, focusing on photon-ALP conversion in the magnetic
fields in and around gamma-ray sources and in the magnetic field of the Milky
Way, where some fraction of the ALP flux is converted back into photons. We
show that this mechanism can be efficient in allowed regions of the ALP
parameter space, as well as in typical configurations of the Galactic Magnetic
Field. As case examples, we consider the spectrum observed from two HESS
sources: 1ES1101-232 at redshift z=0.186 and H 2356-309 at z=0.165. We also
discuss features of this scenario which could be used to distinguish it from
standard or other exotic models.
| astro-ph hep-ph | very high energy gammarays are expected to be absorbed by the extragalactic background light over cosmological distances via the process of electronpositron pair production recent observations of cosmologically distant gammaray emitters by ground based gammaray telescopes have however revealed a surprising degree of transparency of the universe to very high energy photons one possible mechanism to explain this observation is the oscillation between photons and axionlikeparticles alps here we explore this possibility further focusing on photonalp conversion in the magnetic fields in and around gammaray sources and in the magnetic field of the milky way where some fraction of the alp flux is converted back into photons we show that this mechanism can be efficient in allowed regions of the alp parameter space as well as in typical configurations of the galactic magnetic field as case examples we consider the spectrum observed from two hess sources 1es1101232 at redshift z0186 and h 2356309 at z0165 we also discuss features of this scenario which could be used to distinguish it from standard or other exotic models | [['very', 'high', 'energy', 'gammarays', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'absorbed', 'by', 'the', 'extragalactic', 'background', 'light', 'over', 'cosmological', 'distances', 'via', 'the', 'process', 'of', 'electronpositron', 'pair', 'production', 'recent', 'observations', 'of', 'cosmologically', 'distant', 'gammaray', 'emitters', 'by', 'ground', 'based', 'gammaray', 'telescopes', 'have', 'however', 'revealed', 'a', 'surprising', 'degree', 'of', 'transparency', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'to', 'very', 'high', 'energy', 'photons', 'one', 'possible', 'mechanism', 'to', 'explain', 'this', 'observation', 'is', 'the', 'oscillation', 'between', 'photons', 'and', 'axionlikeparticles', 'alps', 'here', 'we', 'explore', 'this', 'possibility', 'further', 'focusing', 'on', 'photonalp', 'conversion', 'in', 'the', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'and', 'around', 'gammaray', 'sources', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'of', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'where', 'some', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'alp', 'flux', 'is', 'converted', 'back', 'into', 'photons', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'mechanism', 'can', 'be', 'efficient', 'in', 'allowed', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'alp', 'parameter', 'space', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'in', 'typical', 'configurations', 'of', 'the', 'galactic', 'magnetic', 'field', 'as', 'case', 'examples', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'spectrum', 'observed', 'from', 'two', 'hess', 'sources', '1es1101232', 'at', 'redshift', 'z0186', 'and', 'h', '2356309', 'at', 'z0165', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'features', 'of', 'this', 'scenario', 'which', 'could', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'distinguish', 'it', 'from', 'standard', 'or', 'other', 'exotic', 'models']] | [-0.08221329301836547, 0.2027940129989694, -0.04756557901159742, 0.1462580876471596, -0.09353663617525593, -0.08747671416628806, 0.05578047202514677, 0.4214705206325342, -0.2347116902063804, -0.3810520272744798, 0.016183443425688893, -0.2825573109780791, -0.024596909024945365, 0.24826498732811117, 0.03496136953124252, -0.045809805890994856, 0.029225460729353, -0.026210507712508928, 0.0339523530984197, -0.21303363794584, 0.3029899548025984, 0.12537738931333198, 0.2178782017890835, 0.035245686204804255, 0.09659525196485479, -0.0711178566575393, -0.011157032127435929, -0.030372810713450382, -0.08285898852702156, 0.060023464262485504, 0.22832890614511692, 0.12129150890282238, 0.16929783992203026, -0.3954377277839886, -0.24617846872143703, 0.16896738860242325, 0.17663307626860153, 0.06673521657766046, -0.07748359893033838, -0.31189008248600597, 0.02343815844639836, -0.14976304085684697, -0.12577592999535217, 0.008545491342625484, -0.01429430911472688, 0.017706212442469966, -0.21722181508017854, 0.060362369394640375, -0.012849189727781233, -0.008381803556152716, -0.0630143108528814, -0.06059217137744886, -0.009323132247128791, 0.025061194237653465, 0.09541706733814381, 0.05247775018054607, 0.14069819374909176, -0.16678441295416319, -0.11192854821425059, 0.39067075555694514, -0.0862371379793247, -0.06903036189342156, 0.18171524135101502, -0.20391865691769567, -0.16728343840570714, 0.1484437247647251, 0.19065110355444337, 0.1121667363204533, -0.1445543965506742, 0.07802852496221105, 0.0011387131425776873, 0.15515852880385844, 0.04586863468251266, 0.09863900978870198, 0.3118632543061314, 0.13829072107742915, 0.04281593520788412, 0.1395708503340098, -0.17874068788844213, -0.007334752616154073, -0.3025451901170757, -0.12326980857666978, -0.15129502319152757, 0.09876397083882757, -0.07785919882676928, -0.09377211536984655, 0.3793021632203211, 0.14989783512709406, 0.23477697234343867, -0.040070178266213244, 0.3108906980373779, 0.08189208387536392, 0.05963966943023876, 0.06114976989686082, 0.3665014054693466, 0.11282640267912855, 0.09078846877339114, -0.16918333912878458, 0.023581540301019305, -0.02485659114759544] |
712.2826 | Using BBN in cosmological parameter extraction from CMB: a forecast for
Planck | Data from future high-precision Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
measurements will be sensitive to the primordial Helium abundance $Y_p$. At the
same time, this parameter can be predicted from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)
as a function of the baryon and radiation densities, as well as a neutrino
chemical potential. We suggest to use this information to impose a
self-consistent BBN prior on $Y_p$ and determine its impact on parameter
inference from simulated Planck data. We find that this approach can
significantly improve bounds on cosmological parameters compared to an analysis
which treats $Y_p$ as a free parameter, if the neutrino chemical potential is
taken to vanish. We demonstrate that fixing the Helium fraction to an arbitrary
value can seriously bias parameter estimates. Under the assumption of
degenerate BBN (i.e., letting the neutrino chemical potential $\xi$ vary), the
BBN prior's constraining power is somewhat weakened, but nevertheless allows us
to constrain $\xi$ with an accuracy that rivals bounds inferred from present
data on light element abundances.
| astro-ph hep-ph | data from future highprecision cosmic microwave background cmb measurements will be sensitive to the primordial helium abundance y_p at the same time this parameter can be predicted from big bang nucleosynthesis bbn as a function of the baryon and radiation densities as well as a neutrino chemical potential we suggest to use this information to impose a selfconsistent bbn prior on y_p and determine its impact on parameter inference from simulated planck data we find that this approach can significantly improve bounds on cosmological parameters compared to an analysis which treats y_p as a free parameter if the neutrino chemical potential is taken to vanish we demonstrate that fixing the helium fraction to an arbitrary value can seriously bias parameter estimates under the assumption of degenerate bbn ie letting the neutrino chemical potential xi vary the bbn priors constraining power is somewhat weakened but nevertheless allows us to constrain xi with an accuracy that rivals bounds inferred from present data on light element abundances | [['data', 'from', 'future', 'highprecision', 'cosmic', 'microwave', 'background', 'cmb', 'measurements', 'will', 'be', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'primordial', 'helium', 'abundance', 'y_p', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'this', 'parameter', 'can', 'be', 'predicted', 'from', 'big', 'bang', 'nucleosynthesis', 'bbn', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'baryon', 'and', 'radiation', 'densities', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'a', 'neutrino', 'chemical', 'potential', 'we', 'suggest', 'to', 'use', 'this', 'information', 'to', 'impose', 'a', 'selfconsistent', 'bbn', 'prior', 'on', 'y_p', 'and', 'determine', 'its', 'impact', 'on', 'parameter', 'inference', 'from', 'simulated', 'planck', 'data', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'this', 'approach', 'can', 'significantly', 'improve', 'bounds', 'on', 'cosmological', 'parameters', 'compared', 'to', 'an', 'analysis', 'which', 'treats', 'y_p', 'as', 'a', 'free', 'parameter', 'if', 'the', 'neutrino', 'chemical', 'potential', 'is', 'taken', 'to', 'vanish', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'fixing', 'the', 'helium', 'fraction', 'to', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'value', 'can', 'seriously', 'bias', 'parameter', 'estimates', 'under', 'the', 'assumption', 'of', 'degenerate', 'bbn', 'ie', 'letting', 'the', 'neutrino', 'chemical', 'potential', 'xi', 'vary', 'the', 'bbn', 'priors', 'constraining', 'power', 'is', 'somewhat', 'weakened', 'but', 'nevertheless', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'constrain', 'xi', 'with', 'an', 'accuracy', 'that', 'rivals', 'bounds', 'inferred', 'from', 'present', 'data', 'on', 'light', 'element', 'abundances']] | [-0.03271181789005357, 0.1745667399198105, -0.09715595396758034, 0.09595298264445397, -0.10039364360627809, -0.11635173839891738, 0.0823620503013045, 0.3141842425130762, -0.2524568230572452, -0.34722387340067457, 0.04422382883466326, -0.3080210933681306, 0.017713832833645183, 0.20035083491991207, -0.026861796157701488, 0.024420190754803693, 0.07831304849170875, 0.020546520659813612, -0.08722610447822683, -0.2718857148386788, 0.30684773202292714, 0.1638753625121331, 0.2195740859947031, 0.06813449248289632, 0.03437207601950277, -0.08946970010051368, -0.0633549215044917, -0.016442333041440424, -0.19921272853438185, 0.03562226712777529, 0.19863297490448487, 0.19053730554594772, 0.1700551072817023, -0.4212214804166451, -0.2871441134228939, 0.20585959983314175, 0.164412064960499, 0.14520869761628735, -0.06246538111860523, -0.26149055551987416, 0.024850925253015636, -0.16317272156323648, -0.11555810836598096, -0.07923428643432377, -0.041934911525104104, -0.009223241273813495, -0.33007316038625817, 0.09372302813373119, -0.06661063842063701, -0.03198215817158088, -0.06371144536086187, -0.1818192829491525, -0.04328741394437668, 0.060477472571996836, 0.07758540667667303, 0.031808532486959334, 0.1821331261677054, -0.09241034160794054, 0.017840344429004756, 0.39378213951159724, -0.1572584343205274, -0.1315355070684923, 0.09149513744590122, -0.16307960077836292, -0.18838765346672295, 0.05889881462733284, 0.14731238155111828, 0.058298202964091085, -0.13697084941242527, 0.1390456810739834, 0.05240124592517798, 0.2542199817054519, 0.07802234338482887, 0.0016949953335314626, 0.2539772120611061, 0.14499882511260762, 0.08612354068162215, -0.011980717861173084, -0.11980220205832, -0.009981923055176327, -0.29849560207846326, -0.0700879566507732, -0.14793636895454965, 0.1027504705842414, -0.16867165825675418, -0.1554816598761202, 0.3282216591973471, 0.22157538784156758, 0.25708788270471483, 0.025802253634049897, 0.3499782477738336, 0.0877573277443511, 0.037511762319609704, 0.0248900881560985, 0.28971573089749164, 0.15065231072438154, 0.08236777677595411, -0.23051734329428433, 0.11151311233662432, -0.02248012430670603] |
712.2827 | Approximate square-root-time relaxation in glass-forming liquids | We present data for the dielectric relaxation of 43 glass-forming organic
liquids, showing that the primary (alpha) relaxation is often close to
square-root-time relaxation. The better an inverse power-law description of the
high-frequency loss applies, the more accurately is square-root-time relaxation
obeyed. These findings suggest that square-root-time relaxation is generic to
the alpha process, once a common view, but since long believed to be incorrect.
Only liquids with very large dielectric losses deviate from this picture by
having consistently narrower loss peaks. As a further challenge to the
prevailing opinion, we find that liquids with accurate square-root-time
relaxation cover a wide range of fragilities.
| cond-mat.soft | we present data for the dielectric relaxation of 43 glassforming organic liquids showing that the primary alpha relaxation is often close to squareroottime relaxation the better an inverse powerlaw description of the highfrequency loss applies the more accurately is squareroottime relaxation obeyed these findings suggest that squareroottime relaxation is generic to the alpha process once a common view but since long believed to be incorrect only liquids with very large dielectric losses deviate from this picture by having consistently narrower loss peaks as a further challenge to the prevailing opinion we find that liquids with accurate squareroottime relaxation cover a wide range of fragilities | [['we', 'present', 'data', 'for', 'the', 'dielectric', 'relaxation', 'of', '43', 'glassforming', 'organic', 'liquids', 'showing', 'that', 'the', 'primary', 'alpha', 'relaxation', 'is', 'often', 'close', 'to', 'squareroottime', 'relaxation', 'the', 'better', 'an', 'inverse', 'powerlaw', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'highfrequency', 'loss', 'applies', 'the', 'more', 'accurately', 'is', 'squareroottime', 'relaxation', 'obeyed', 'these', 'findings', 'suggest', 'that', 'squareroottime', 'relaxation', 'is', 'generic', 'to', 'the', 'alpha', 'process', 'once', 'a', 'common', 'view', 'but', 'since', 'long', 'believed', 'to', 'be', 'incorrect', 'only', 'liquids', 'with', 'very', 'large', 'dielectric', 'losses', 'deviate', 'from', 'this', 'picture', 'by', 'having', 'consistently', 'narrower', 'loss', 'peaks', 'as', 'a', 'further', 'challenge', 'to', 'the', 'prevailing', 'opinion', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'liquids', 'with', 'accurate', 'squareroottime', 'relaxation', 'cover', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'fragilities']] | [-0.060987918334341466, 0.15088749540280752, -0.1092024955432862, 0.09557760973937618, -0.0738758619744868, -0.17863450861589697, 0.022007577244389374, 0.39102723878414297, -0.2657822810534316, -0.29610553817250407, 0.050735140416341334, -0.26828794062245065, -0.15143171148016477, 0.19249672991169903, -0.012940749482368119, 0.03389022570963089, 0.020040389526492126, -0.0452332596312492, -0.07362386026160003, -0.19210456483639204, 0.230456738661115, 0.06503456980527307, 0.2732179913795195, 0.07426035448644633, 0.054587574405909084, 0.0008002622993304753, 0.07554890863069047, 0.034149057591583605, -0.12841622840131514, 0.07685064458144972, 0.28694527320420515, 0.023765920186773516, 0.2497614236870924, -0.39711515403066117, -0.2554547939485369, 0.037826973806099534, 0.13130901343650364, 0.10228209162148862, -0.005290936672631337, -0.1859784260383234, 0.044124908017133396, -0.13758564877431267, -0.13603041472826868, -0.10220872793042172, 0.0661771874326335, 0.001605852439332431, -0.2544078167411499, 0.16847728579999127, 0.09410755211362042, 0.010429927721046485, -0.08877592953369738, -0.1431782094654269, 0.04158776715988866, 0.06586230406537652, 0.10133397841771231, 0.05319043367657846, 0.1790077305989913, -0.10714657877598746, -0.06436981556292337, 0.39843028817827314, -0.05294269385586421, -0.11840599769941317, 0.25033986143535003, -0.18575204183938554, -0.09473977955685069, 0.23163335979916155, 0.10573446675194785, 0.11462398389211068, -0.17538118597048408, -0.03228663000761746, -0.03256644671021674, 0.2287077872046771, 0.027863124743677102, 0.017244420493415628, 0.23863536882429168, 0.21123574373240656, 0.03353756480814459, 0.11578941011080482, -0.04987563846561198, -0.10865706035222572, -0.23765479382843926, -0.09937258551102647, -0.21809407866273361, 0.11486114652675147, -0.08744833099458796, -0.1520035054283933, 0.3349081378412218, 0.134839796662653, 0.21786211599828675, 0.10728417322164975, 0.2361657694877627, 0.11529179948019401, 0.08673613596385202, 0.08030056663287374, 0.25767300306604457, 0.08672315859495519, 0.1031976962247147, -0.2617948259329961, 0.1124634458996857, -0.043239085588049] |
712.2828 | GRB070125: The First Long-Duration Gamma-Ray Burst in a Halo Environment | We present the discovery and high signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations
of the optical afterglow of the long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB070125. Unlike
all previously observed long-duration afterglows in the redshift range 0.5 < z
< 2.0, we find no strong (rest-frame equivalent width W > 1.0 A) absorption
features in the wavelength range 4000 - 10000 A. The sole significant feature
is a weak doublet we identify as Mg II 2796 (W = 0.18 +/- 0.02 A), 2803 (W =
0.08 +/- 0.01) at z = 1.5477 +/- 0.0001. The low observed Mg II and inferred H
I column densities are typically observed in galactic halos, far away from the
bulk of massive star formation. Deep ground-based imaging reveals no host
directly underneath the afterglow to a limit of R > 25.4 mag. Either of the two
nearest blue galaxies could host GRB070125; the large offset (d >= 27 kpc)
would naturally explain the low column density. To remain consistent with the
large local (i.e. parsec scale) circum-burst density inferred from broadband
afterglow observations, we speculate GRB070125 may have occurred far away from
the disk of its host in a compact star-forming cluster. Such distant stellar
clusters, typically formed by dynamical galaxy interactions, have been observed
in the nearby universe, and should be more prevalent at z>1 where galaxy
mergers occur more frequently.
| astro-ph | we present the discovery and high signaltonoise spectroscopic observations of the optical afterglow of the longduration gammaray burst grb070125 unlike all previously observed longduration afterglows in the redshift range 05 z 20 we find no strong restframe equivalent width w 10 a absorption features in the wavelength range 4000 10000 a the sole significant feature is a weak doublet we identify as mg ii 2796 w 018 002 a 2803 w 008 001 at z 15477 00001 the low observed mg ii and inferred h i column densities are typically observed in galactic halos far away from the bulk of massive star formation deep groundbased imaging reveals no host directly underneath the afterglow to a limit of r 254 mag either of the two nearest blue galaxies could host grb070125 the large offset d 27 kpc would naturally explain the low column density to remain consistent with the large local ie parsec scale circumburst density inferred from broadband afterglow observations we speculate grb070125 may have occurred far away from the disk of its host in a compact starforming cluster such distant stellar clusters typically formed by dynamical galaxy interactions have been observed in the nearby universe and should be more prevalent at z1 where galaxy mergers occur more frequently | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'discovery', 'and', 'high', 'signaltonoise', 'spectroscopic', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'optical', 'afterglow', 'of', 'the', 'longduration', 'gammaray', 'burst', 'grb070125', 'unlike', 'all', 'previously', 'observed', 'longduration', 'afterglows', 'in', 'the', 'redshift', 'range', '05', 'z', '20', 'we', 'find', 'no', 'strong', 'restframe', 'equivalent', 'width', 'w', '10', 'a', 'absorption', 'features', 'in', 'the', 'wavelength', 'range', '4000', '10000', 'a', 'the', 'sole', 'significant', 'feature', 'is', 'a', 'weak', 'doublet', 'we', 'identify', 'as', 'mg', 'ii', '2796', 'w', '018', '002', 'a', '2803', 'w', '008', '001', 'at', 'z', '15477', '00001', 'the', 'low', 'observed', 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712.2829 | Azimuthal Asymmetry of Prompt Photons in Nuclear Collisions | The azimuthal elliptic asymmetry v2 observed in heavy ion collisions, is
usually associated with properties of the medium created in the final state. We
compute the azimuthal asymmetry which is due to multiple interactions of
partons at the initial stage of nuclear collisions, and which is also present
in $pA$ collisions. In our approach the main source of azimuthal asymmetry is
the combination of parton multiple interactions with the steep variation of the
nuclear density at the edge of nuclei. We apply the light-cone dipole formalism
to compute the azimuthal asymmetry of prompt photons yield from parton-nucleus,
proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the RHIC energy.
| hep-ph nucl-th | the azimuthal elliptic asymmetry v2 observed in heavy ion collisions is usually associated with properties of the medium created in the final state we compute the azimuthal asymmetry which is due to multiple interactions of partons at the initial stage of nuclear collisions and which is also present in pa collisions in our approach the main source of azimuthal asymmetry is the combination of parton multiple interactions with the steep variation of the nuclear density at the edge of nuclei we apply the lightcone dipole formalism to compute the azimuthal asymmetry of prompt photons yield from partonnucleus protonnucleus and nucleusnucleus collisions at the rhic energy | [['the', 'azimuthal', 'elliptic', 'asymmetry', 'v2', 'observed', 'in', 'heavy', 'ion', 'collisions', 'is', 'usually', 'associated', 'with', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'medium', 'created', 'in', 'the', 'final', 'state', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'azimuthal', 'asymmetry', 'which', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'multiple', 'interactions', 'of', 'partons', 'at', 'the', 'initial', 'stage', 'of', 'nuclear', 'collisions', 'and', 'which', 'is', 'also', 'present', 'in', 'pa', 'collisions', 'in', 'our', 'approach', 'the', 'main', 'source', 'of', 'azimuthal', 'asymmetry', 'is', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'parton', 'multiple', 'interactions', 'with', 'the', 'steep', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'nuclear', 'density', 'at', 'the', 'edge', 'of', 'nuclei', 'we', 'apply', 'the', 'lightcone', 'dipole', 'formalism', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'azimuthal', 'asymmetry', 'of', 'prompt', 'photons', 'yield', 'from', 'partonnucleus', 'protonnucleus', 'and', 'nucleusnucleus', 'collisions', 'at', 'the', 'rhic', 'energy']] | [-0.08731814436760033, 0.21401738858996674, -0.20112620703898407, 0.11394922614384156, 0.0345093730228165, -0.022682469947120316, -0.12167689817859074, 0.357139742682473, -0.2509507143493885, -0.28563671058061746, -0.07273646697957212, -0.34646008230853254, 0.08192553962222658, 0.07836541932864258, 0.0749555766434731, 0.045542609716693945, 0.09615976315846918, 0.00015910157862191016, -0.005361194740264461, -0.15033505463417476, 0.35668745727161877, 0.08908439795217979, 0.22739736773431873, 0.18335265007156593, 0.07385086794294274, 0.08095854534006391, -0.03399984562285961, -0.02585650248847042, -0.06662549042644408, 0.0964523929522749, 0.24243170970406097, 0.03150996074187928, 0.13980003539472818, -0.43307033041492105, -0.11871624289555117, 0.11724420344510761, 0.14798503930572993, 0.15435214053006627, -0.07275896170176566, -0.21965370513498783, 0.04551308823283762, -0.22896210387205848, -0.1845045789377764, -0.021356633853149384, 0.029178813968498547, 0.0784131498210347, -0.3282862127883933, 0.16193324305724952, -0.017091042986766506, 0.04813517535176988, -0.02188606673511318, -0.14108954808818033, -0.09616471949937896, 0.004303713550773234, 0.09287534385041979, 0.11522664459950577, 0.17648282210127667, -0.16460707614001316, -0.10855538272209322, 0.395865263345723, 0.004285077360691503, -0.09335582197393076, 0.15607820633046615, -0.24802310512257883, -0.12461026121701042, 0.17057546060935308, 0.28343871724791825, 0.11120642966572912, -0.14075658728744692, -0.0032653017338956348, -0.0065934944532972835, 0.145586644469089, 0.09725219091901985, 0.09303465083268328, 0.18943523461572254, 0.14030619715161335, -0.030720205713385858, 0.12504964999984972, -0.16095206112147656, -0.08070645962680618, -0.40459290683345617, -0.059508011698513795, -0.15031679201862203, 0.0005176250616876552, -0.08198868484172496, -0.06872344994917512, 0.42356424182295227, 0.10306682091994354, 0.2659179688646243, -0.06533714377572043, 0.34629942951365733, 0.10979753588617314, 0.05135907447681977, 0.10172009067789006, 0.30027468929676193, 0.16586535443918995, 0.19852166955171505, -0.32154829809755586, 0.09638502753268068, 0.034052477059259005] |
712.283 | Spectra and symmetric eigentensors of the Lichnerowicz Laplacian on
$P^n(\comp)$ | We compute the eigenvalues with multiplicities of the Lichnerowicz Laplacian
acting on the space of complex symmetric covariant tensor fields on the complex
projective space $P^n(\comp)$. The spaces of symmetric eigentensors are
explicitly given.
| math-ph math.DG math.MP | we compute the eigenvalues with multiplicities of the lichnerowicz laplacian acting on the space of complex symmetric covariant tensor fields on the complex projective space pncomp the spaces of symmetric eigentensors are explicitly given | [['we', 'compute', 'the', 'eigenvalues', 'with', 'multiplicities', 'of', 'the', 'lichnerowicz', 'laplacian', 'acting', 'on', 'the', 'space', 'of', 'complex', 'symmetric', 'covariant', 'tensor', 'fields', 'on', 'the', 'complex', 'projective', 'space', 'pncomp', 'the', 'spaces', 'of', 'symmetric', 'eigentensors', 'are', 'explicitly', 'given']] | [-0.17856014898103295, 0.14125892466329265, -0.03365347459630081, 0.07188917211059367, -0.16869468473349558, -0.00879171472325018, -0.14659936466451848, 0.3589893791711692, -0.21993822706016627, -0.1688687659122727, 0.09529099301576163, -0.23478892984602487, -0.18855020494172067, 0.13515016082744818, -0.05176573737778447, 0.006435462330101114, 0.01953438626404739, 0.1704896598151236, -0.16755033172949246, -0.26777809858322144, 0.5580497352462827, -0.03105671139377536, 0.20396740019857657, 0.027709987409638637, 0.14426055471553947, 0.053052560542710125, -0.06589198638826158, -0.027425339433124685, -0.11706213263625448, 0.21258057066535746, 0.2256883154199882, 0.06519568313590506, 0.12056119265881451, -0.41346376795660367, -0.1755189579332981, 0.24802095465587848, 0.04714671619038916, -0.004057213678165819, 0.03933142144656317, -0.36376201677503006, 0.05913699559415832, -0.11100229917263443, -0.14923514166113103, -0.1392452013819958, 0.02353359026495706, 0.01118823794196501, -0.24707741094894256, 0.059256706443248375, 0.027244555139490825, 0.050022899794081845, -0.1345848832984991, -0.13421559480555129, -0.10761127172207291, 0.09420965798199177, -0.052850280634381554, -0.030038817263575213, 0.12295529016321807, -0.044099687937308445, -0.1045896562793518, 0.3581393440677361, -0.029576571714697464, -0.35678219851670845, 0.0860948207872835, -0.19615296009137775, -0.0877156613930834, 0.08257638595320961, 0.2114002373577519, 0.2267707150542375, 0.03756593691298005, 0.2468540264349995, -0.08379544853938348, 0.003478616779444344, 0.1173603934461646, -0.0031032825001713, 0.10419404698592244, 0.015197611611449358, 0.1010871462552159, 0.1313164860546363, 0.02075253961833589, -0.15957525943116652, -0.3968585350296714, -0.20617720007783535, -0.2424635807560249, 0.11903116325706695, -0.19824214918877592, -0.24051051965039788, 0.43122058878229425, -0.03201322751401952, 0.21157850316817392, 0.07529289000244303, 0.24932953924166434, 0.12510734898122874, 0.04875238351153464, 0.0757852065743822, 0.15445724383673884, 0.27943261187862267, 0.060214921475783216, -0.19269266127693382, -0.0661102701119627, 0.20941840761312933] |
712.2831 | Static plane symmetric relativistic fluids and empty repelling singular
boundaries | We present a detailed analysis of the general exact solution of Einstein's
equation corresponding to a static and plane symmetric distribution of matter
with density proportional to pressure. We study the geodesics in it and we show
that this simple spacetime exhibits very curious properties. In particular, it
has a free of matter repelling singular boundary and all geodesics bounce off
it.
| gr-qc | we present a detailed analysis of the general exact solution of einsteins equation corresponding to a static and plane symmetric distribution of matter with density proportional to pressure we study the geodesics in it and we show that this simple spacetime exhibits very curious properties in particular it has a free of matter repelling singular boundary and all geodesics bounce off it | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'detailed', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'general', 'exact', 'solution', 'of', 'einsteins', 'equation', 'corresponding', 'to', 'a', 'static', 'and', 'plane', 'symmetric', 'distribution', 'of', 'matter', 'with', 'density', 'proportional', 'to', 'pressure', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'geodesics', 'in', 'it', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'simple', 'spacetime', 'exhibits', 'very', 'curious', 'properties', 'in', 'particular', 'it', 'has', 'a', 'free', 'of', 'matter', 'repelling', 'singular', 'boundary', 'and', 'all', 'geodesics', 'bounce', 'off', 'it']] | [-0.1796233832100106, 0.08050116339901221, -0.18576916160752938, 0.07414112138494308, -0.10469237941827986, -0.13049802429703694, 0.003001542532846572, 0.35401640592082856, -0.22617560936017864, -0.23853530851943838, 0.06318695187914156, -0.3105408194204492, -0.17342844962202494, 0.13500206891424774, -0.013020944886750752, 0.04361526980515449, 0.0201417087922774, 0.08773407081682835, -0.10960246692974901, -0.19312368049436518, 0.3547722892835736, 0.0307826345275727, 0.25821300629045696, 0.048374338338391915, 0.1311151334835637, 0.001734119862498295, 0.021082585467205893, 0.06670987782549233, -0.1917810379308057, 0.06299969517145186, 0.1785464588582756, 0.09952429312491609, 0.20237831728562952, -0.41371408253607733, -0.20837934448894474, 0.1396033890815752, 0.1194995261293145, 0.126176314488534, -0.10216559340516405, -0.25712218967777106, 0.08364548335873312, -0.14294155756191862, -0.22581081667674646, -0.07364887703630713, 0.06147605439107264, 0.0011856075068334899, -0.1729209944004974, 0.10505673681355772, 0.057445359236050035, -0.015357862962710281, -0.09694547205412339, -0.0365927676396114, -0.00808877277097875, 0.06061058295440049, 0.12638308103346535, 0.0017826469397292503, 0.10298792512396411, -0.11320628183368113, 0.0006386554319291345, 0.40857658818018655, -0.08702629905254129, -0.22539572342629394, 0.1775512537288089, -0.20145519721441932, -0.1075964926952316, 0.12654058689687162, 0.14333682352556817, 0.1814313150281387, -0.13609978224661562, 0.13441570737538108, -0.07945311035690529, 0.12072073625242938, 0.11844967140801131, -0.039489393703632, 0.2439144895291857, 0.12173427630501289, 0.09562868501750692, 0.15430430683397478, -0.0234810205123898, -0.13259690399131469, -0.3687201293726121, -0.16281789804681115, -0.14248018610786886, 0.10059942084462231, -0.1254706759103893, -0.24929057875828398, 0.3813513118413187, 0.11830227731937362, 0.1714116061226495, 0.03263462111804514, 0.27103620022535324, 0.12562449733095785, -0.008218765183682404, 0.14061747234494937, 0.23525005425777165, 0.14964072453233623, 0.09573894419196632, -0.2116024768460662, -0.04275377564913323, 0.03888761341166232] |
712.2832 | The Surface Detector System of the Pierre Auger Observatory | The Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to study cosmic rays with energies
greater than 10^{19} eV. Two sites are envisaged for the observatory, one in
each hemisphere, for complete sky coverage. The southern site of the Auger
Observatory, now approaching completion in Mendoza, Argentina, features an
array of 1600 water-Cherenkov surface detector stations covering 3000 km^2,
together with 24 fluorescence telescopes to record the air shower cascades
produced by these particles. The two complementary detector techniques together
with the large collecting area form a powerful instrument for these studies.
Although construction is not yet complete, the Auger Observatory has been
taking data stably since January 2004 and the first physics results are being
published. In this paper we describe the design features and technical
characteristics of the surface detector stations of the Pierre Auger
Observatory.
| astro-ph | the pierre auger observatory is designed to study cosmic rays with energies greater than 1019 ev two sites are envisaged for the observatory one in each hemisphere for complete sky coverage the southern site of the auger observatory now approaching completion in mendoza argentina features an array of 1600 watercherenkov surface detector stations covering 3000 km2 together with 24 fluorescence telescopes to record the air shower cascades produced by these particles the two complementary detector techniques together with the large collecting area form a powerful instrument for these studies although construction is not yet complete the auger observatory has been taking data stably since january 2004 and the first physics results are being published in this paper we describe the design features and technical characteristics of the surface detector stations of the pierre auger observatory | [['the', 'pierre', 'auger', 'observatory', 'is', 'designed', 'to', 'study', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'with', 'energies', 'greater', 'than', '1019', 'ev', 'two', 'sites', 'are', 'envisaged', 'for', 'the', 'observatory', 'one', 'in', 'each', 'hemisphere', 'for', 'complete', 'sky', 'coverage', 'the', 'southern', 'site', 'of', 'the', 'auger', 'observatory', 'now', 'approaching', 'completion', 'in', 'mendoza', 'argentina', 'features', 'an', 'array', 'of', '1600', 'watercherenkov', 'surface', 'detector', 'stations', 'covering', '3000', 'km2', 'together', 'with', '24', 'fluorescence', 'telescopes', 'to', 'record', 'the', 'air', 'shower', 'cascades', 'produced', 'by', 'these', 'particles', 'the', 'two', 'complementary', 'detector', 'techniques', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'large', 'collecting', 'area', 'form', 'a', 'powerful', 'instrument', 'for', 'these', 'studies', 'although', 'construction', 'is', 'not', 'yet', 'complete', 'the', 'auger', 'observatory', 'has', 'been', 'taking', 'data', 'stably', 'since', 'january', '2004', 'and', 'the', 'first', 'physics', 'results', 'are', 'being', 'published', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'describe', 'the', 'design', 'features', 'and', 'technical', 'characteristics', 'of', 'the', 'surface', 'detector', 'stations', 'of', 'the', 'pierre', 'auger', 'observatory']] | [-0.07368661979799745, 0.18682453839412322, -0.028258484408811287, 0.1134610634935261, -0.04819687470379803, -0.0663885106160133, -0.04695627537849187, 0.40614653759532504, -0.16022765969305677, -0.4035450498401015, 0.10476432938421903, -0.42277423939495173, -0.07964398002045023, 0.23936498931057199, 0.015588588828514157, -0.028638817563101097, 0.16930280089619812, -0.07240480034853573, 0.011656619770521367, -0.2260119049085511, 0.21517927632494657, 0.27864315169604703, 0.28893213881938545, 0.05135963696434542, 0.1399064303315417, -0.03666449915617705, -0.10223150582233857, -0.024719827980906876, -0.11295119602129691, 0.09804285644905003, 0.3548433476748566, 0.15696983637322706, 0.16270524917377366, -0.44013841005939025, -0.16276215596309931, 0.06919809158339545, 0.060809374374716924, -0.02109985584738078, -0.009722981384644907, -0.35561459499790715, 0.027186077884915803, -0.16180144108969857, -0.17542261528541092, 0.10356378554090581, -0.03997890983742696, 0.022664866580075965, -0.17959193949829097, -0.09051758057472331, -0.053579924456964904, 0.10871864483126922, -0.05245754895214405, -0.16088795631572053, 0.017761454841604938, 0.16472112885503856, 0.039339989251284686, 0.017711074550256684, 0.11451768816483242, -0.04992595442087838, -0.09295222319455611, 0.31911007944080566, -0.04656488609778332, 0.014685393311083317, 0.18150891253241785, -0.2572619845556026, -0.16694859169160567, 0.2541556918648658, 0.16150103366882024, 0.05179259656169624, -0.2639180677908438, 0.09080487557566139, -0.01864379092499062, 0.16453315943082863, 0.11947091843725907, 0.0029197342883519554, 0.21594295536547348, 0.216177047977086, 0.1600303804195762, 0.02577856376387731, -0.24688026635838603, 0.0035606145996738363, -0.26125998524259086, -0.15035608063680464, -0.17754976701819233, 0.06846131923946949, 0.009746593951152776, -0.11982792724372336, 0.41809011351239556, 0.0994811239031454, 0.11898206593123851, -0.022210154220185897, 0.29517303785240206, -0.02577865935034222, 0.08749251122310482, 0.051836512444747816, 0.28564547664330653, 0.07684876942765657, 0.1558455970759193, -0.12192915835917961, 0.026085582579037658, 0.04659533179192631] |
712.2833 | Time-varying tip-sample force measurements confirm steady-state dynamics
in tapping-mode atomic force microscopy | Direct time-varying tip-sample force measurements by torsional harmonic
cantilevers facilitate detailed investigations of the cantilever dynamics in
tapping-mode atomic force microscopy. Here we report experimental evidence that
the mathematical relationships describing the steady state dynamics are
quantitatively satisfied by the independent measurements of tip-sample forces
over a broad range of experimental conditions. These results confirm the
existing understanding of the tapping-mode atomic force microscopy and build
confidence on the reliability of time-varying tip-sample force measurements by
the torsional harmonic cantilevers.
| physics.ins-det | direct timevarying tipsample force measurements by torsional harmonic cantilevers facilitate detailed investigations of the cantilever dynamics in tappingmode atomic force microscopy here we report experimental evidence that the mathematical relationships describing the steady state dynamics are quantitatively satisfied by the independent measurements of tipsample forces over a broad range of experimental conditions these results confirm the existing understanding of the tappingmode atomic force microscopy and build confidence on the reliability of timevarying tipsample force measurements by the torsional harmonic cantilevers | [['direct', 'timevarying', 'tipsample', 'force', 'measurements', 'by', 'torsional', 'harmonic', 'cantilevers', 'facilitate', 'detailed', 'investigations', 'of', 'the', 'cantilever', 'dynamics', 'in', 'tappingmode', 'atomic', 'force', 'microscopy', 'here', 'we', 'report', 'experimental', 'evidence', 'that', 'the', 'mathematical', 'relationships', 'describing', 'the', 'steady', 'state', 'dynamics', 'are', 'quantitatively', 'satisfied', 'by', 'the', 'independent', 'measurements', 'of', 'tipsample', 'forces', 'over', 'a', 'broad', 'range', 'of', 'experimental', 'conditions', 'these', 'results', 'confirm', 'the', 'existing', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'tappingmode', 'atomic', 'force', 'microscopy', 'and', 'build', 'confidence', 'on', 'the', 'reliability', 'of', 'timevarying', 'tipsample', 'force', 'measurements', 'by', 'the', 'torsional', 'harmonic', 'cantilevers']] | [-0.16458443496958353, 0.17668569946545176, -0.07334973781253211, -0.0282688099774532, -0.06996254422410857, -0.1289095611020457, 0.0684219551840215, 0.38798946648603305, -0.25276744591537864, -0.3063470885623246, -0.0005720677218050696, -0.2639434057055041, -0.16228321683593094, 0.29167064307257534, 0.04104068544111215, 0.12512601119233296, 0.10518376599648036, -0.05340885304613039, 0.010174371398170479, -0.12981314133794514, 0.25624872313055674, 0.07467390545643866, 0.31538459401926955, 0.12259131803875789, 0.11597211383050307, 0.027599836699664593, -0.032798274618107824, 0.03980747602763586, -0.24505232615965725, 0.1264916522490694, 0.2160163032123819, -0.024306602202068463, 0.25015865606255827, -0.5614231697283685, -0.241180830670055, -0.006710173899773508, 0.056783877097768706, 0.12522670696489513, -0.013621227334078867, -0.32570207100361587, -0.052820964530110356, -0.0888359856326133, -0.12430537667241878, -0.17629594250465744, 0.013117668509948999, 0.12433407377684488, -0.24060419806046413, 0.1591101476107724, 0.03930516118707601, 0.1797349156910059, -0.16209595158341017, -0.02666563541861251, 0.04465441770298639, 0.12141835004440509, 0.010125515365507454, -0.006286448630271479, 0.2915031649230514, -0.0975377869035583, -0.11446695745689794, 0.32195244398899375, -0.07197735663503409, -0.1780525247915648, 0.20301573341712356, -0.16959068113355896, -0.06639794646180235, 0.1056728666939307, 0.11315169727895409, 0.07877770981285721, -0.2084329571458511, 0.00037570691129076297, 0.0037184633198194205, 0.22843604425434022, 0.11772115913336165, -0.002033416408812627, 0.20794462314806877, 0.16783916940912605, 0.05935957485344261, 0.09291914876375813, -0.14245592662191484, -0.04860953638490173, -0.28219368746504186, -0.08273712445516139, -0.19214095391216687, 0.035298246762249616, -0.08014032046576176, -0.11805620804661884, 0.35029237759299575, 0.13792493373621256, 0.15472045356873423, 0.0027546843397431076, 0.37319445381872357, 0.03371152639883803, 0.022194675542414187, -0.11794851089944132, 0.3758830981329083, 0.21775942849053537, 0.09226702577288962, -0.30964723107754255, 0.055177697708131745, -0.003173418797086924] |
712.2834 | Microscopic origin of low frequency flux noise in Josephson circuits | We analyze the data and discuss their implications for the microscopic origin
of the low frequency flux noise in superconducting circuits. We argue that this
noise is produced by spins at the superconductor insulator boundary whose
dynamics is due to RKKY interaction. We show that this mechanism explains size
independence of the noise, different frequency dependences of the spectra
reported in large and small SQUIDs and gives the correct intensity for
realistic parameters.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we analyze the data and discuss their implications for the microscopic origin of the low frequency flux noise in superconducting circuits we argue that this noise is produced by spins at the superconductor insulator boundary whose dynamics is due to rkky interaction we show that this mechanism explains size independence of the noise different frequency dependences of the spectra reported in large and small squids and gives the correct intensity for realistic parameters | [['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'data', 'and', 'discuss', 'their', 'implications', 'for', 'the', 'microscopic', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'low', 'frequency', 'flux', 'noise', 'in', 'superconducting', 'circuits', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'this', 'noise', 'is', 'produced', 'by', 'spins', 'at', 'the', 'superconductor', 'insulator', 'boundary', 'whose', 'dynamics', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'rkky', 'interaction', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'mechanism', 'explains', 'size', 'independence', 'of', 'the', 'noise', 'different', 'frequency', 'dependences', 'of', 'the', 'spectra', 'reported', 'in', 'large', 'and', 'small', 'squids', 'and', 'gives', 'the', 'correct', 'intensity', 'for', 'realistic', 'parameters']] | [-0.19632048770938426, 0.19416170103526484, -0.01418547281893353, 0.10769609341474429, -0.032865915323084555, -0.12437947378302477, 0.05735198238606195, 0.3706905831110804, -0.22753806904034868, -0.31684195803963155, 0.018610177041758616, -0.26987579216134466, -0.12815582694817487, 0.18408950437370636, -0.04126639739444403, -0.010141211242912567, -0.022388327917824052, -0.023568882083851998, -0.04963931452151235, -0.17476725266378831, 0.33352958406174193, 0.07992410935359458, 0.3366601545210571, 0.07941145253405996, 0.09116370761798924, -0.038088086402451954, 0.027862281653366676, -0.0011742190036871662, -0.12592337257009517, 0.027169702817009738, 0.21476026773787651, 0.007369383225498134, 0.18774965046490352, -0.46339274953081183, -0.20331250603170428, 0.07540860981361507, 0.10233141553001351, 0.15998065808456238, -0.04594228923167676, -0.2635352072554755, 0.06726165376731182, -0.12728194500102777, -0.12088550356127424, -0.06924533625835017, 0.037379309337279974, 0.016617773636563183, -0.262563994320186, 0.08628920449919948, 0.07022254054565365, 0.0610132159741774, -0.05083860760580187, -0.12424008535501892, 0.007726016843512858, 0.09222174795625145, 0.06585020345495377, -0.03440489364813452, 0.14864004729315639, -0.13532178492400132, -0.08549969056493616, 0.3178206281226179, -0.06236962445896782, -0.12565717680941094, 0.16960952891521666, -0.20912024004333843, -0.09769207692054445, 0.14202232990567, 0.1335637930729618, 0.029819462033728622, -0.14967373561764724, 0.08086585379899353, 0.03142363946942281, 0.1969498426793781, 0.012078323698130576, 0.11695813304706387, 0.22250255725461326, 0.197730753085997, 0.003816120090498908, 0.17793465188819252, -0.14968687594128288, -0.018851644385044705, -0.27899194325078025, -0.08968448292022277, -0.23030347688353225, 0.05065848988525518, -0.0994836566804299, -0.16647264207011625, 0.42021008209669836, 0.24434936801226784, 0.23997316897323687, 0.005711022005352663, 0.2871727169529624, 0.1433674100505775, 0.06056751291688583, 0.044961375222630696, 0.2558226601335488, 0.14908532792230278, 0.10708993081360647, -0.3214058614884541, 0.06995629630855298, -0.047747815054146034] |
712.2835 | The contribution of UVES@VLT to the new era of QSO absorption line
studies | We briefly review the main results obtained in the field of QSO absorption
line studies with the UVES high resolution spectrograph mounted on the Kueyen
unit of the ESO Very Large Telescope (Paranal, Chile).
| astro-ph | we briefly review the main results obtained in the field of qso absorption line studies with the uves high resolution spectrograph mounted on the kueyen unit of the eso very large telescope paranal chile | [['we', 'briefly', 'review', 'the', 'main', 'results', 'obtained', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'qso', 'absorption', 'line', 'studies', 'with', 'the', 'uves', 'high', 'resolution', 'spectrograph', 'mounted', 'on', 'the', 'kueyen', 'unit', 'of', 'the', 'eso', 'very', 'large', 'telescope', 'paranal', 'chile']] | [-0.1359312889056609, 0.03696481923244017, -0.05338386747547809, -0.03841138688628288, -0.1538358869524125, -0.19291129102930427, -0.04369374087956898, 0.46211730754550767, -0.050357813344282264, -0.34080763818586574, 0.18241519902435624, -0.3415800408076714, -0.03605329475420363, 0.25260591920745995, -0.08661785803954392, -0.0610294351080323, 0.2222530685693902, -0.14256339366821683, 0.03973663195638972, -0.34525465773528113, 0.29469056654831066, 0.274730707244838, 0.2810871115721324, -0.01751705546699026, 0.1855962508741547, -0.0747025216491345, -0.12136133354814614, 0.010637812309569734, -0.19830278323634581, 0.09350208888816483, 0.31215141987537637, 0.06902896533446277, 0.22526922741192668, -0.31629802242797966, -0.04793943431885803, -0.06332536853904672, 0.0984785900286892, -0.04465568591566647, -0.06774556438561857, -0.36599118832279653, 0.002447919427033733, -0.06654295459499254, -0.23140822920729132, 0.13854697154944434, -0.08771926039651803, 0.09243777286781765, -0.12561195530682145, -0.1194263233748429, -0.17940057907253504, 0.2649392702288049, -0.1859732506187249, -0.15628785685197832, -0.06136055084233008, 0.14347990010591113, -0.044899852343780154, 0.02654240803573938, 0.06023468412732815, -0.1474158950971768, 0.056321362088270044, 0.3521997215746738, -0.21746423528255784, 0.1249751135816469, 0.17017023268700165, -0.375994649476043, -0.29268321255221963, 0.11059178809142288, 0.21741543652708917, 0.1938364592873875, -0.1414604466408491, 0.12717235224622794, -0.05854001409812447, 0.2397856356247383, 0.06378493551164865, 0.0944909713409074, 0.22951244788846986, 0.12616510694736943, -0.006819259169894983, 0.09201583510730416, -0.4042010508573559, 0.0012503798557993244, -0.27566330699140534, -0.14754706306163878, -0.17244906274273114, 0.06256701289128293, -0.0923870802473496, -0.10380272118046004, 0.31525800563395023, 0.1252903141601778, 0.2346791851827327, 0.05139781557954848, 0.36130793677533374, 0.0377075851566213, 0.13970755303607268, -0.04616864606299821, 0.31687419987557564, 0.14335677897393265, 0.26388492359889343, -0.22931525593294816, -0.05519601969760569, 0.05917613715042963] |
712.2836 | Importance of on-site interaction in graphene | We use the Gutzwiller method to investigate the importance of the on-site
Coulomb interaction in graphene. We apply it to Hubbard Hamiltonian to study
the renormalization of the kinetic energy in graphene due to the on-site
Coulomb interaction. We find that a reasonable strength of the interaction has
a very weak effect in reducing the kinetic energy. Hence we predict that the
Brinkmann-Rice metal-insulator transition in graphene is not possible. The
effect is understood in terms of the high kinetic energy in graphene.
| cond-mat.str-el | we use the gutzwiller method to investigate the importance of the onsite coulomb interaction in graphene we apply it to hubbard hamiltonian to study the renormalization of the kinetic energy in graphene due to the onsite coulomb interaction we find that a reasonable strength of the interaction has a very weak effect in reducing the kinetic energy hence we predict that the brinkmannrice metalinsulator transition in graphene is not possible the effect is understood in terms of the high kinetic energy in graphene | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'gutzwiller', 'method', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'the', 'onsite', 'coulomb', 'interaction', 'in', 'graphene', 'we', 'apply', 'it', 'to', 'hubbard', 'hamiltonian', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'renormalization', 'of', 'the', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'in', 'graphene', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'onsite', 'coulomb', 'interaction', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'a', 'reasonable', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'interaction', 'has', 'a', 'very', 'weak', 'effect', 'in', 'reducing', 'the', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'hence', 'we', 'predict', 'that', 'the', 'brinkmannrice', 'metalinsulator', 'transition', 'in', 'graphene', 'is', 'not', 'possible', 'the', 'effect', 'is', 'understood', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'high', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'in', 'graphene']] | [-0.16517627341445626, 0.1426233274339721, -0.04649727508175846, 0.1276985790222747, -0.020731914220604955, -0.086934384128942, 0.06567367988570434, 0.39962153727324995, -0.26257899489889786, -0.2946331581362046, -0.0575040702611526, -0.27550920602161344, -0.14975807493829052, 0.1092537491086859, 0.039874163297254864, -0.025185684009068985, 0.03728791819203917, -0.015871510591085363, -0.0969414519914142, -0.2141153844152918, 0.30747769519732127, 0.08346161398491482, 0.27396681920693416, 0.2106221729219414, 0.032958259329018066, 0.028851806035651486, 0.105230524772551, 0.03361778015770563, -0.14147569887178932, 0.050646293397265965, 0.20601079702908287, -0.09911342932865387, 0.30398300964180835, -0.46401180245163964, -0.2244072109006527, 0.06368660576153183, 0.11128305665376347, 0.18845839896125766, -0.052312702985435, -0.23652992179480994, 0.011465592355262942, -0.23296905705341842, -0.12134311242574235, -0.08236849909966312, -0.0006811413005357836, 0.024532140695444512, -0.2571441070347025, 0.11484082289062804, 0.006325865732278765, 0.012985467161165505, -0.0907381852157414, -0.05395343154810778, -0.07854449244715818, 0.08784104415738, 0.08573602835602331, 0.030822978800775985, 0.12319415286978389, -0.16841812651013818, -0.021314239901740376, 0.4353001631069474, -0.09030865802054816, -0.17455518534179867, 0.21610722363722035, -0.15794414638473495, -0.09322106364614717, 0.1469994723511485, 0.11505183910314994, 0.042291877717461165, -0.17541497659006314, 0.1539336917410809, 0.02127136539940427, 0.12982342798808, -0.016090913334997688, 0.05208962820697485, 0.15476703203124245, 0.20479058319839036, 0.06378384844240982, 0.15606723172680997, -0.11939179715586871, -0.07936172199324795, -0.24973677362247212, -0.15186395173574366, -0.272367953345543, 0.06464769562621879, -0.05717360403207017, -0.20353429966106465, 0.4449666931454331, 0.2549604716733461, 0.16687763002473952, -0.03399387931042328, 0.24400349434397026, 0.18696758514497339, 0.08485722290238411, -0.01330341772380762, 0.34421887181744704, 0.14310815498778007, 0.09919657662692594, -0.3307796902159547, -0.0027267093054677656, 0.075045699736376] |
712.2837 | Voting, the symmetric group, and representation theory | We show how voting may be viewed naturally from an algebraic perspective by
viewing voting profiles as elements of certain well-studied
$\mathbb{Q}S_n$-modules. By using only a handful of simple combinatorial
objects (e.g., tabloids) and some basic ideas from representation theory (e.g.,
Schur's Lemma), this allows us to recast and extend some well-known results in
the field of voting theory.
| math.RT math.CO math.GR | we show how voting may be viewed naturally from an algebraic perspective by viewing voting profiles as elements of certain wellstudied mathbbqs_nmodules by using only a handful of simple combinatorial objects eg tabloids and some basic ideas from representation theory eg schurs lemma this allows us to recast and extend some wellknown results in the field of voting theory | [['we', 'show', 'how', 'voting', 'may', 'be', 'viewed', 'naturally', 'from', 'an', 'algebraic', 'perspective', 'by', 'viewing', 'voting', 'profiles', 'as', 'elements', 'of', 'certain', 'wellstudied', 'mathbbqs_nmodules', 'by', 'using', 'only', 'a', 'handful', 'of', 'simple', 'combinatorial', 'objects', 'eg', 'tabloids', 'and', 'some', 'basic', 'ideas', 'from', 'representation', 'theory', 'eg', 'schurs', 'lemma', 'this', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'recast', 'and', 'extend', 'some', 'wellknown', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'voting', 'theory']] | [-0.03395556357833717, 0.04175151346862549, -0.14199189961374062, 0.09884338680421934, -0.16292429130909772, -0.16501337468848917, 0.10880722386104151, 0.308645343813435, -0.3708386319079276, -0.31681144390062527, 0.11810469357818686, -0.20230002526283175, -0.23507362825731778, 0.22151871793100547, -0.211622082307164, -0.03266222627255423, 0.026807671135837405, 0.036858946197377195, -0.05629864210001462, -0.23567635399803263, 0.3496567959062241, -0.023042910860787177, 0.20073482282620309, 0.0044885777290268195, 0.06316209331572313, 0.10874197607988427, -0.052600916539286745, 0.09094757474316605, -0.11986273744721608, 0.14889996805517325, 0.30541897590416645, 0.20906922095936947, 0.2598813345720028, -0.4389259762508024, -0.17890177044118272, 0.04774396018333862, 0.12979768922478202, 0.12284751047113317, -0.049701103647560654, -0.29214938518045275, 0.03430734170151168, -0.20860190735728448, -0.1369236272053215, -0.13403147899802645, -0.03556454164610277, 0.07112097483256767, -0.22492365421052893, 0.014680098878733557, 0.09632578047377796, 0.08716935328818087, -0.018594850401659015, -0.13043832933682756, 0.0405804712068418, 0.10640765495341399, 0.025672032624776155, -0.020996226720383454, 0.1348018948518639, -0.1407652670670108, -0.19925781675807103, 0.42140917512106485, 0.0031361320248708643, -0.14782823635072545, 0.17831577182394162, -0.07614363575000958, -0.19770312232190165, 0.05752600353724997, 0.12126292511499648, 0.1414395677295096, -0.1289533745047861, 0.06517257730693332, -0.178504246351277, 0.12070646879648597, 0.09384178667297137, 0.039285575826491774, 0.18419708465707713, 0.05397892640582446, 0.02985662913977586, 0.163225036822982, 0.00486693457411281, -0.12014173998914916, -0.2604788607046618, -0.10565950828283255, -0.13114300823834693, 0.12778310973903742, -0.13689494312787026, -0.1365928315589654, 0.38653742440109107, 0.13466650354555518, 0.2288067320458077, 0.06594522225124569, 0.22147697166957217, 0.08485634756427066, 0.08829310260199268, 0.02662996688239469, 0.16806903540995774, 0.19017604005458796, 0.052416765227400026, -0.0788541467346508, 0.030141848448567606, 0.13637964143257203] |
712.2838 | Kinks and Mid-Infrared Optical Conductivity from Strong Electron
Correlation | We compute the one-particle spectral function and the optical conductivity
for the 2-d Hubbard model on a square lattice. The computational method is
cellular dynamical mean-field theory (CDMFT) in which a 4-site Hubbard
plaquette is embedded in a self-consistent bath. We obtain a `kink' feature in
the dispersion of the spectral function and a mid-infrared (mid-IR) absorption
peak in the optical conductivity, consistent with experimental data. Of the 256
plaquette states, only a single state which has d$_{x^2-y^2}$ symmetry
contributes to the mid-IR, thereby suggesting a direct link with the pseudogap.
Local correlations between doubly and singly occupied sites which lower the
kinetic energy of a hole are the efficient cause of this effect.
| cond-mat.str-el | we compute the oneparticle spectral function and the optical conductivity for the 2d hubbard model on a square lattice the computational method is cellular dynamical meanfield theory cdmft in which a 4site hubbard plaquette is embedded in a selfconsistent bath we obtain a kink feature in the dispersion of the spectral function and a midinfrared midir absorption peak in the optical conductivity consistent with experimental data of the 256 plaquette states only a single state which has d_x2y2 symmetry contributes to the midir thereby suggesting a direct link with the pseudogap local correlations between doubly and singly occupied sites which lower the kinetic energy of a hole are the efficient cause of this effect | [['we', 'compute', 'the', 'oneparticle', 'spectral', 'function', 'and', 'the', 'optical', 'conductivity', 'for', 'the', '2d', 'hubbard', 'model', 'on', 'a', 'square', 'lattice', 'the', 'computational', 'method', 'is', 'cellular', 'dynamical', 'meanfield', 'theory', 'cdmft', 'in', 'which', 'a', '4site', 'hubbard', 'plaquette', 'is', 'embedded', 'in', 'a', 'selfconsistent', 'bath', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'kink', 'feature', 'in', 'the', 'dispersion', 'of', 'the', 'spectral', 'function', 'and', 'a', 'midinfrared', 'midir', 'absorption', 'peak', 'in', 'the', 'optical', 'conductivity', 'consistent', 'with', 'experimental', 'data', 'of', 'the', '256', 'plaquette', 'states', 'only', 'a', 'single', 'state', 'which', 'has', 'd_x2y2', 'symmetry', 'contributes', 'to', 'the', 'midir', 'thereby', 'suggesting', 'a', 'direct', 'link', 'with', 'the', 'pseudogap', 'local', 'correlations', 'between', 'doubly', 'and', 'singly', 'occupied', 'sites', 'which', 'lower', 'the', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'of', 'a', 'hole', 'are', 'the', 'efficient', 'cause', 'of', 'this', 'effect']] | [-0.1297023061442336, 0.1431988165218571, -0.067232020440299, 0.07127850892108031, -0.021452558872273618, -0.14075999760595886, 0.11219817722980097, 0.4027320134796594, -0.22620126848484864, -0.2394705858539071, 0.011651309047776618, -0.3209024896158984, -0.09682759904841844, 0.10156258795075446, 0.059933664072958526, 0.0192375678462875, 0.008077489007917936, -0.015704920115112736, -0.09136843406840374, -0.19465410972438885, 0.2562557541021848, 0.04679986591483548, 0.28876961951487157, 0.08520506303389802, 0.04606977955278892, 0.004371770908810983, 0.048255045171173516, 0.003920921541162227, -0.12366367831597463, 0.12436446061257268, 0.21502352498978244, -0.0523882276820746, 0.2314405590357063, -0.3968842063311553, -0.25058238714087855, 0.03952357326348296, 0.15112520410809993, 0.1495201164589002, -0.04325696677296308, -0.23965888959866247, -0.0030983841299945325, -0.21552678799714176, -0.13150119523542295, -0.04248864446325522, -0.007563115040395866, -0.0065058994253999304, -0.2830481733432399, 0.1600369275139089, -0.003471406831522472, 0.07523208460362073, -0.10971068820033811, -0.09759005847828169, -0.11559548279629987, 0.06593917197498836, -0.03455072413545854, 0.06408470075806244, 0.09570222647488934, -0.14903272029723189, -0.10934134060516953, 0.37293969093119367, -0.07104280501452945, -0.13463165729690604, 0.16677191721994364, -0.16794774518756753, -0.09878426072547179, 0.1979179892958583, 0.08415500236381042, 0.05570959662936889, -0.13786666782822035, 0.09194840549076744, -0.06526044612390954, 0.22662642777881079, -0.03730804575688876, 0.12569883046671748, 0.25738993270747496, 0.19297018639024413, 0.06299840755303178, 0.1581287026250114, -0.15955224505160004, -0.10115501894043726, -0.26170408155507685, -0.130818892791132, -0.2374565921102961, 0.05545172634996114, -0.10237856364741067, -0.223457087386857, 0.4490032162304902, 0.10256143978372086, 0.1956651430217582, 0.015536163356604479, 0.25633569316644417, 0.17703553303880126, 0.08503960367504573, 0.06674355544198893, 0.25288470939605695, 0.150713595921141, 0.0860996621971329, -0.31770247461584705, -0.026963113112734596, 0.0951036103641647] |
712.2839 | Exact time-average distribution for a stationary non-Markovian massive
Brownian particle coupled to two heat baths | Using a time-averaging technique we obtain exactly the probability
distribution for position and velocity of a Brownian particle under the
influence of two heat baths at different temperatures. These baths are
expressed by a white noise term, representing the fast dynamics, and a colored
noise term, representing the slow dynamics. Our exact solution scheme accounts
for inertial effects, that are not present in approaches that assume the
Brownian particle in the over-damped limit. We are also able to obtain the
contribution associated with the fast noise that are usually neglected by other
approaches.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | using a timeaveraging technique we obtain exactly the probability distribution for position and velocity of a brownian particle under the influence of two heat baths at different temperatures these baths are expressed by a white noise term representing the fast dynamics and a colored noise term representing the slow dynamics our exact solution scheme accounts for inertial effects that are not present in approaches that assume the brownian particle in the overdamped limit we are also able to obtain the contribution associated with the fast noise that are usually neglected by other approaches | [['using', 'a', 'timeaveraging', 'technique', 'we', 'obtain', 'exactly', 'the', 'probability', 'distribution', 'for', 'position', 'and', 'velocity', 'of', 'a', 'brownian', 'particle', 'under', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'two', 'heat', 'baths', 'at', 'different', 'temperatures', 'these', 'baths', 'are', 'expressed', 'by', 'a', 'white', 'noise', 'term', 'representing', 'the', 'fast', 'dynamics', 'and', 'a', 'colored', 'noise', 'term', 'representing', 'the', 'slow', 'dynamics', 'our', 'exact', 'solution', 'scheme', 'accounts', 'for', 'inertial', 'effects', 'that', 'are', 'not', 'present', 'in', 'approaches', 'that', 'assume', 'the', 'brownian', 'particle', 'in', 'the', 'overdamped', 'limit', 'we', 'are', 'also', 'able', 'to', 'obtain', 'the', 'contribution', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'fast', 'noise', 'that', 'are', 'usually', 'neglected', 'by', 'other', 'approaches']] | [-0.10878021416244327, 0.18354030069644733, -0.10704933083365842, 0.07629886001188269, -0.012666843370884978, -0.16775378091160648, 0.020574639408638882, 0.3793156619674416, -0.2624888151122998, -0.27234013223399717, 0.07094632934588659, -0.2897940189126999, -0.13177891243850032, 0.19503585044144384, -0.044961614629393944, 0.02591588492355039, 0.08156098556324279, 0.05014069655394402, 0.002954188231078367, -0.18649218227934614, 0.28087107417604296, 0.02844564799940394, 0.23044880734936846, -0.010072429597462898, 0.173031428217968, -0.04107517425611775, -0.044254861116128905, 0.04495669229416757, -0.12213218481377236, 0.030612648527328205, 0.18820550005071826, 0.004395250431312028, 0.2549527838665952, -0.43730180738593943, -0.23970363756781946, 0.09297362568798245, 0.13145409360207538, 0.13068834868490056, -0.040057661848002545, -0.2639277237617681, 0.028852357774452175, -0.1562784479390229, -0.11917979491534092, -0.10148617091478519, 0.012971088079915892, 0.08504560501665197, -0.2769309886210468, 0.15242787467294514, 0.10955274333896976, -0.0075142736476595685, -0.041179978433916326, -0.11822070247964353, 0.04282661134086709, 0.14538666853300666, 0.0634647614512873, -0.026735945737430003, 0.19230764520464724, -0.13207243472558036, -0.0731867132107577, 0.35738033377277534, -0.14424887384658538, -0.31389223410302314, 0.21044102918997568, -0.13525049081472781, -0.10221513342212445, 0.16263060297776935, 0.12301044236187653, 0.11030304275943788, -0.23585454027559008, 0.06499139289997558, 0.03431026868882679, 0.12708187905410606, 0.0471549694256116, 0.05657468614999645, 0.19883725426650495, 0.11124057899559697, 0.06132002280003602, 0.14612127186652893, -0.13221524362464845, -0.14275786956591952, -0.3057332797957364, -0.09196302183322928, -0.2005640756218664, 0.04441747364042933, -0.09684934818419948, -0.15019602568880205, 0.35614676128518835, 0.19663662338248825, 0.18747592034439245, 0.0865116578436667, 0.32087433462341625, 0.17535766396453725, -0.008217270796497663, 0.11675486904919467, 0.19743850244389427, 0.1179298647474097, 0.10692239450591226, -0.2637857494159772, 0.05906354107703733, 0.06967115071752379] |
712.284 | Electronic Energy Spectra of Square and Cubic Fibonacci Quasicrystals | Understanding the electronic properties of quasicrystals, in particular the
dependence of these properties on dimension, is among the interesting open
problems in the field of quasicrystals. We investigate an off-diagonal
tight-binding Hamiltonian on the separable square and cubic Fibonacci
quasicrystals. We use the well-studied singular-continuous energy spectrum of
the 1-dimensional Fibonacci quasicrystal to obtain exact results regarding the
transitions between different spectral behaviors of the square and cubic
quasicrystals. We use analytical results for the addition of 1d spectra to
obtain bounds on the range in which the higher-dimensional spectra contain an
absolutely continuous component. We also perform a direct numerical study of
the spectra, obtaining good results for the square Fibonacci quasicrystal, and
rough estimates for the cubic Fibonacci quasicrystal.
| cond-mat.other | understanding the electronic properties of quasicrystals in particular the dependence of these properties on dimension is among the interesting open problems in the field of quasicrystals we investigate an offdiagonal tightbinding hamiltonian on the separable square and cubic fibonacci quasicrystals we use the wellstudied singularcontinuous energy spectrum of the 1dimensional fibonacci quasicrystal to obtain exact results regarding the transitions between different spectral behaviors of the square and cubic quasicrystals we use analytical results for the addition of 1d spectra to obtain bounds on the range in which the higherdimensional spectra contain an absolutely continuous component we also perform a direct numerical study of the spectra obtaining good results for the square fibonacci quasicrystal and rough estimates for the cubic fibonacci quasicrystal | [['understanding', 'the', 'electronic', 'properties', 'of', 'quasicrystals', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'dependence', 'of', 'these', 'properties', 'on', 'dimension', 'is', 'among', 'the', 'interesting', 'open', 'problems', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'quasicrystals', 'we', 'investigate', 'an', 'offdiagonal', 'tightbinding', 'hamiltonian', 'on', 'the', 'separable', 'square', 'and', 'cubic', 'fibonacci', 'quasicrystals', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'wellstudied', 'singularcontinuous', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', '1dimensional', 'fibonacci', 'quasicrystal', 'to', 'obtain', 'exact', 'results', 'regarding', 'the', 'transitions', 'between', 'different', 'spectral', 'behaviors', 'of', 'the', 'square', 'and', 'cubic', 'quasicrystals', 'we', 'use', 'analytical', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'addition', 'of', '1d', 'spectra', 'to', 'obtain', 'bounds', 'on', 'the', 'range', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'higherdimensional', 'spectra', 'contain', 'an', 'absolutely', 'continuous', 'component', 'we', 'also', 'perform', 'a', 'direct', 'numerical', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'spectra', 'obtaining', 'good', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'square', 'fibonacci', 'quasicrystal', 'and', 'rough', 'estimates', 'for', 'the', 'cubic', 'fibonacci', 'quasicrystal']] | [-0.11395592013112277, 0.11117201791099689, -0.05406620401950661, 0.09560070415162135, -0.0804849885334838, -0.079367820785404, 0.026104390167069336, 0.39168945761505236, -0.26224508265818447, -0.2642039351380807, 0.1092305739981715, -0.31212498762159924, -0.18285490624021647, 0.21664629966282278, 0.01814494908533313, 0.06273123520726631, 0.02441085981251287, 0.039437581330907245, -0.13127052707261838, -0.2662342457362443, 0.26972736993589064, 0.03524726950217131, 0.22776127058612414, 0.04310646652598088, 0.037447867654302455, 0.023858348552276157, 0.03884522378259946, -0.04162420292023169, -0.27691749764283086, 0.15298621302993953, 0.1880694147014667, 0.007499542547205139, 0.15198781221242977, -0.4094716353911506, -0.19728955761952835, 0.10532266739371025, 0.12901044685455146, 0.09913317269880387, -0.059634827422786287, -0.23765572653082775, 0.05847845409712023, -0.11139424067483214, -0.1772043580826264, -0.13310711529906377, 0.00011260849365979925, 0.06720173046231455, -0.2189734814003541, 0.09154726925266575, 0.09290429482559774, 0.10153448142203664, -0.09833066731167972, -0.1251375519993815, -0.017482024752188567, 0.11543475709805527, 0.006406309427539549, -0.09695753037798688, -0.0031811324918011494, -0.09845768779993427, -0.1574368804369953, 0.4339322287104408, -0.042687926520324077, -0.16255100292330685, 0.17701846960362447, -0.1321919689239734, -0.16056671921810337, 0.1428738997879723, 0.13962175346880165, 0.07261282878289045, -0.10399001312619152, 0.12178432721161661, -0.10656568285631986, 0.188548774738442, 0.06432108827751161, 0.0887146968132824, 0.18438565949639998, 0.1282370187099715, 0.03034459004440337, 0.21590205284859215, -0.05482170786439203, -0.1006554347820857, -0.24559476158450827, -0.14831979891712477, -0.270057770273502, 0.04672454495737252, -0.13452686356178056, -0.26037528974577506, 0.46189621775911366, 0.10073529015302904, 0.1734620665684958, 0.037681411637170314, 0.20330386300194114, 0.11463726174917595, 0.0015490684227263633, 0.0020642392751029576, 0.18873864330720802, 0.1951444495915751, 0.0484075949542717, -0.22064798419587006, -0.06772239440628751, 0.11471111825782775] |
712.2841 | Hidden Charge 2e Boson: Experimental Consequences for Doped Mott
Insulators | We show here that many of the normal state properties of the cuprates can
result from the new charge 2e bosonic field which we have recently (Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 99}, 46404 (2007) and Phys. Rev. B 77, 014512 (2008)) shown to exist
in the exact low-energy theory of a doped Mott insulator. In particular, the 1)
mid-infrared band including the non-vanishing of the restricted f-sum rule in
the Mott insulator, 2) the $T^2$ contribution to the thermal conductivity, 3)
the pseudogap, 4) the bifurcation of the electron spectrum below the chemical
potential as recently seen in angle-resolved photoemission, 5) insulating
behaviour away from half-filling, 6) the high and low-energy kinks in the
electron dispersion and 7) T-linear resistivity all derive from the charge 2e
bosonic field.
We also calculate the inverse dielectric function and show that it possesses
a sharp quasiparticle peak and a broad particle-hole continuum. The sharp peak
is mediated by a new charge e composite excitation formed from the binding of a
charge 2e boson and a hole and represents a distinctly new prediction of this
theory. It is this feature that is responsible for dynamical part of the
spectral weight transferred across the Mott gap. We propose that electron
energy loss spectroscopy at finite momentum and frequency can be used to probe
the existence of such a sharp feature.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con | we show here that many of the normal state properties of the cuprates can result from the new charge 2e bosonic field which we have recently phys rev lett bf 99 46404 2007 and phys rev b 77 014512 2008 shown to exist in the exact lowenergy theory of a doped mott insulator in particular the 1 midinfrared band including the nonvanishing of the restricted fsum rule in the mott insulator 2 the t2 contribution to the thermal conductivity 3 the pseudogap 4 the bifurcation of the electron spectrum below the chemical potential as recently seen in angleresolved photoemission 5 insulating behaviour away from halffilling 6 the high and lowenergy kinks in the electron dispersion and 7 tlinear resistivity all derive from the charge 2e bosonic field we also calculate the inverse dielectric function and show that it possesses a sharp quasiparticle peak and a broad particlehole continuum the sharp peak is mediated by a new charge e composite excitation formed from the binding of a charge 2e boson and a hole and represents a distinctly new prediction of this theory it is this feature that is responsible for dynamical part of the spectral weight transferred across the mott gap we propose that electron energy loss spectroscopy at finite momentum and frequency can be used to probe the existence of such a sharp feature | [['we', 'show', 'here', 'that', 'many', 'of', 'the', 'normal', 'state', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'cuprates', 'can', 'result', 'from', 'the', 'new', 'charge', '2e', 'bosonic', 'field', 'which', 'we', 'have', 'recently', 'phys', 'rev', 'lett', 'bf', '99', '46404', '2007', 'and', 'phys', 'rev', 'b', '77', '014512', '2008', 'shown', 'to', 'exist', 'in', 'the', 'exact', 'lowenergy', 'theory', 'of', 'a', 'doped', 'mott', 'insulator', 'in', 'particular', 'the', '1', 'midinfrared', 'band', 'including', 'the', 'nonvanishing', 'of', 'the', 'restricted', 'fsum', 'rule', 'in', 'the', 'mott', 'insulator', '2', 'the', 't2', 'contribution', 'to', 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712.2842 | Coherent effects in a thin film of metamaterial | The refraction is theoretically considered of ultimately short pulses at
interface of two dielectrics that contains a thin film of nonlinear
metamaterial. For the model of metamaterial composed of nanoparticles and
magnetic nanocircuits (split-ring resonators) the equations are obtained
suitable for describing the coherent responses of such film. The numerical
simulation demonstrates the emergence of oscillatory echo in inhomogeneous
system of meta-atoms. It is supposed that the reported methods are applicable
for investigation of thin metamaterial films.
| nlin.PS nlin.AO | the refraction is theoretically considered of ultimately short pulses at interface of two dielectrics that contains a thin film of nonlinear metamaterial for the model of metamaterial composed of nanoparticles and magnetic nanocircuits splitring resonators the equations are obtained suitable for describing the coherent responses of such film the numerical simulation demonstrates the emergence of oscillatory echo in inhomogeneous system of metaatoms it is supposed that the reported methods are applicable for investigation of thin metamaterial films | [['the', 'refraction', 'is', 'theoretically', 'considered', 'of', 'ultimately', 'short', 'pulses', 'at', 'interface', 'of', 'two', 'dielectrics', 'that', 'contains', 'a', 'thin', 'film', 'of', 'nonlinear', 'metamaterial', 'for', 'the', 'model', 'of', 'metamaterial', 'composed', 'of', 'nanoparticles', 'and', 'magnetic', 'nanocircuits', 'splitring', 'resonators', 'the', 'equations', 'are', 'obtained', 'suitable', 'for', 'describing', 'the', 'coherent', 'responses', 'of', 'such', 'film', 'the', 'numerical', 'simulation', 'demonstrates', 'the', 'emergence', 'of', 'oscillatory', 'echo', 'in', 'inhomogeneous', 'system', 'of', 'metaatoms', 'it', 'is', 'supposed', 'that', 'the', 'reported', 'methods', 'are', 'applicable', 'for', 'investigation', 'of', 'thin', 'metamaterial', 'films']] | [-0.21890706004115282, 0.16549673012696667, -0.032764145043110114, -0.0403721141628921, -0.03834615972546208, -0.1620638815602197, -0.04811981329452488, 0.46236850038267574, -0.21169330127682393, -0.262954711115786, 0.02720406165727499, -0.2952239319391839, -0.17696248381338142, 0.28422493025261375, 0.04349887285792789, 0.09308511460828897, -0.01527205283765669, -0.11209443419288795, 0.014333183986025972, -0.13002621289342642, 0.3065215384152222, -0.01941697017664646, 0.3417054768893626, 0.019962776361589694, 0.11216844802770715, -0.06087634609346943, 0.07217251089123355, 0.029618607761410922, -0.09824198800802092, 0.09088050488189056, 0.27305847716021847, -0.06493040892089923, 0.2079098427595643, -0.5053349359856023, -0.23826807402316239, -0.044421898824005546, 0.1495340039062332, 0.1251414461520972, -0.0881488278217904, -0.2660406995806601, 0.07286669625809973, -0.08509197173180519, -0.17309102854145655, -0.0458561306238755, -0.012286537837890256, 0.05006328731920425, -0.268728487065074, 0.03277928520042401, 0.10019527196690634, 0.06307229958890405, -0.10642391553317959, -0.07287125012915968, -0.007635372267528014, 0.038482977875641415, 0.012288599083042862, -0.07648864989743459, 0.16588409830416953, -0.1322517916586631, -0.07220126993276856, 0.3697715126365036, -0.04416131524236074, -0.13344899174309782, 0.1421782710020999, -0.14308913252558317, 0.05606442765489995, 0.20271242638541895, 0.18232989088668453, 0.13760849958672733, -0.14758558333065216, 0.029573234707546456, -0.05665568778799339, 0.22136376645754685, 0.09972760519738515, 0.05896780050855566, 0.2447630458499317, 0.2779108303940746, -0.0272599893210867, 0.17154322722442933, -0.024745859571599534, -0.010205429119916705, -0.269305272378608, -0.187511953380104, -0.22832611638617206, 0.04785087254116094, -0.11418684507253755, -0.29461092145073337, 0.4069287856290867, 0.13343631751932106, 0.05481134869166583, -0.06342403474566224, 0.2652729201650658, 0.0930811312993045, 0.07135546737193287, -0.025053269326590098, 0.3333200430739429, 0.2139988441818527, 0.13102890783353927, -0.24635657374202818, 0.05055206741037017, -0.017954860051924534] |
712.2843 | Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of
nearby active galactic nuclei | Data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory provide evidence for
anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays with the highest
energies, which are correlated with the positions of relatively nearby active
galactic nuclei (AGN) \cite{science}. The correlation has maximum significance
for cosmic rays with energy greater than ~ 6x10^{19}$ eV and AGN at a distance
less than ~ 75 Mpc. We have confirmed the anisotropy at a confidence level of
more than 99% through a test with parameters specified {\em a priori}, using an
independent data set. The observed correlation is compatible with the
hypothesis that cosmic rays with the highest energies originate from
extra-galactic sources close enough so that their flux is not significantly
attenuated by interaction with the cosmic background radiation (the
Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min effect). The angular scale of the correlation observed
is a few degrees, which suggests a predominantly light composition unless the
magnetic fields are very weak outside the thin disk of our galaxy. Our present
data do not identify AGN as the sources of cosmic rays unambiguously, and other
candidate sources which are distributed as nearby AGN are not ruled out. We
discuss the prospect of unequivocal identification of individual sources of the
highest-energy cosmic rays within a few years of continued operation of the
Pierre Auger Observatory.
| astro-ph | data collected by the pierre auger observatory provide evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays with the highest energies which are correlated with the positions of relatively nearby active galactic nuclei agn citescience the correlation has maximum significance for cosmic rays with energy greater than 6x1019 ev and agn at a distance less than 75 mpc we have confirmed the anisotropy at a confidence level of more than 99 through a test with parameters specified em a priori using an independent data set the observed correlation is compatible with the hypothesis that cosmic rays with the highest energies originate from extragalactic sources close enough so that their flux is not significantly attenuated by interaction with the cosmic background radiation the greisenzatsepinkuzmin effect the angular scale of the correlation observed is a few degrees which suggests a predominantly light composition unless the magnetic fields are very weak outside the thin disk of our galaxy our present data do not identify agn as the sources of cosmic rays unambiguously and other candidate sources which are distributed as nearby agn are not ruled out we discuss the prospect of unequivocal identification of individual sources of the highestenergy cosmic rays within a few years of continued operation of the pierre auger observatory | [['data', 'collected', 'by', 'the', 'pierre', 'auger', 'observatory', 'provide', 'evidence', 'for', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'the', 'arrival', 'directions', 'of', 'the', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'with', 'the', 'highest', 'energies', 'which', 'are', 'correlated', 'with', 'the', 'positions', 'of', 'relatively', 'nearby', 'active', 'galactic', 'nuclei', 'agn', 'citescience', 'the', 'correlation', 'has', 'maximum', 'significance', 'for', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'with', 'energy', 'greater', 'than', '6x1019', 'ev', 'and', 'agn', 'at', 'a', 'distance', 'less', 'than', '75', 'mpc', 'we', 'have', 'confirmed', 'the', 'anisotropy', 'at', 'a', 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712.2844 | Transfinite diameter notions in C^N and integrals of Vandermonde
determinants | We provide a general framework and indicate relations between the notions of
transfinite diameter, homogeneous transfinite diameter, and weighted
transfinite diameter for sets in C^N. An ingredient is a formula of Rumely
which relates the Robin function and the transfinite diameter of a compact set.
We also prove limiting formulas for integrals of generalized Vandermonde
determinants with varying weights for a general class of compact sets and
measures in C^N. Our results extend to certain weights and measures defined on
cones in R^N.
| math.CV math.CA | we provide a general framework and indicate relations between the notions of transfinite diameter homogeneous transfinite diameter and weighted transfinite diameter for sets in cn an ingredient is a formula of rumely which relates the robin function and the transfinite diameter of a compact set we also prove limiting formulas for integrals of generalized vandermonde determinants with varying weights for a general class of compact sets and measures in cn our results extend to certain weights and measures defined on cones in rn | [['we', 'provide', 'a', 'general', 'framework', 'and', 'indicate', 'relations', 'between', 'the', 'notions', 'of', 'transfinite', 'diameter', 'homogeneous', 'transfinite', 'diameter', 'and', 'weighted', 'transfinite', 'diameter', 'for', 'sets', 'in', 'cn', 'an', 'ingredient', 'is', 'a', 'formula', 'of', 'rumely', 'which', 'relates', 'the', 'robin', 'function', 'and', 'the', 'transfinite', 'diameter', 'of', 'a', 'compact', 'set', 'we', 'also', 'prove', 'limiting', 'formulas', 'for', 'integrals', 'of', 'generalized', 'vandermonde', 'determinants', 'with', 'varying', 'weights', 'for', 'a', 'general', 'class', 'of', 'compact', 'sets', 'and', 'measures', 'in', 'cn', 'our', 'results', 'extend', 'to', 'certain', 'weights', 'and', 'measures', 'defined', 'on', 'cones', 'in', 'rn']] | [-0.10801884840545525, 0.07809282843944342, -0.06014708671943251, 0.09437738501057254, -0.06446288463221975, -0.08229751755898616, 0.05528969659907631, 0.35069802951022805, -0.27008328254682473, -0.21284135667809162, 0.07626296815333372, -0.258366334364267, -0.15920753563832807, 0.22980657255249687, -0.13499565861739796, 0.0412053696317486, 0.04961821069682847, 0.04336447892913943, -0.09742895518261266, -0.25087057869791624, 0.403396269373865, -0.0432736746060763, 0.2151205409991454, 0.0990373971815928, 0.11902798325628469, -0.0065448147312075974, -0.034110207413603745, 0.0646654996145741, -0.2000055545043335, 0.1825902327132153, 0.2104997149253466, 0.1484148150719478, 0.2672045881220375, -0.3663798356316535, -0.1308000343683434, 0.14207986971161451, 0.07640119642019272, -0.017250429296091826, 0.05832272250884134, -0.27620279898934336, 0.08988322631781359, -0.10248651695493834, -0.21917435562193213, -0.04685082432746618, 0.08483129299907799, 0.09212798293096473, -0.33192009662827815, -0.006294505359641422, 0.10246012862547334, 0.08743479055722794, -0.09039961558441262, -0.17794336194834526, 0.03587148201943611, 0.08274161608059363, -0.0452087263391544, -0.0021329301701162955, 0.03306774518463806, -0.018435992794223578, -0.1286382270157786, 0.3006439594641687, -0.06988336291887898, -0.29424753681902427, 0.1379591092097023, -0.1477995266778821, -0.1669632385496095, 0.05546717573495873, 0.13148165725912137, 0.19220938722053207, -0.08060725539339235, 0.09853532925705392, -0.09872475131807557, 0.11161653540400138, 0.16422873743282385, 0.06702616353693183, 0.11774068102464978, 0.1371077565442636, 0.13053678886134581, 0.20473360245856626, -0.016359884109550034, -0.06329460329858654, -0.33839994673448875, -0.1866041283089533, -0.18566334806382656, 0.07897190315402057, -0.24615418687038523, -0.22761384068416005, 0.323679437793522, 0.024376332299806267, 0.20335740362664304, 0.21078200908293612, 0.17039298504052391, 0.09806004514463992, 0.08407293821135199, 0.06871948184176202, 0.12357819917140506, 0.23746903147828957, 0.024354062320844055, -0.11377931498439915, 0.026533918261685104, 0.19014348768550587] |
712.2845 | D-brane instanton effects in Type II orientifolds: local and global
issues | We review how D-brane instantons can generate open string couplings of
stringy hierarchy in the superpotential which violate global abelian symmetries
and are therefore perturbatively forbidden. We discuss the main ingredients of
this mechanism, focussing for concreteness on Euclidean $D2$-branes in Type IIA
orientifold compactifications. Special emphasis is put on a careful analysis of
instanton zero modes and a classification of situations leading to
superpotential or higher fermionic F-terms. This includes the discussion of
chiral and non-chiral instanton recombination, viewed as a multi-instanton
effect. As phenomenological applications we discuss the generation of
perturbatively forbidden Yukawa couplings in SU(5) GUT models and Majorana
masses for right-handed neutrinos. Finally we analyse the mirror dual
description of $D1$-instantons in Type I compactifications with $D9$-branes and
stable holomorphic bundles. We present globally defined semi-realistic string
vacua on an elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau realising the non-perturbative
generation of Majorana masses.
| hep-th | we review how dbrane instantons can generate open string couplings of stringy hierarchy in the superpotential which violate global abelian symmetries and are therefore perturbatively forbidden we discuss the main ingredients of this mechanism focussing for concreteness on euclidean d2branes in type iia orientifold compactifications special emphasis is put on a careful analysis of instanton zero modes and a classification of situations leading to superpotential or higher fermionic fterms this includes the discussion of chiral and nonchiral instanton recombination viewed as a multiinstanton effect as phenomenological applications we discuss the generation of perturbatively forbidden yukawa couplings in su5 gut models and majorana masses for righthanded neutrinos finally we analyse the mirror dual description of d1instantons in type i compactifications with d9branes and stable holomorphic bundles we present globally defined semirealistic string vacua on an elliptically fibered calabiyau realising the nonperturbative generation of majorana masses | [['we', 'review', 'how', 'dbrane', 'instantons', 'can', 'generate', 'open', 'string', 'couplings', 'of', 'stringy', 'hierarchy', 'in', 'the', 'superpotential', 'which', 'violate', 'global', 'abelian', 'symmetries', 'and', 'are', 'therefore', 'perturbatively', 'forbidden', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'main', 'ingredients', 'of', 'this', 'mechanism', 'focussing', 'for', 'concreteness', 'on', 'euclidean', 'd2branes', 'in', 'type', 'iia', 'orientifold', 'compactifications', 'special', 'emphasis', 'is', 'put', 'on', 'a', 'careful', 'analysis', 'of', 'instanton', 'zero', 'modes', 'and', 'a', 'classification', 'of', 'situations', 'leading', 'to', 'superpotential', 'or', 'higher', 'fermionic', 'fterms', 'this', 'includes', 'the', 'discussion', 'of', 'chiral', 'and', 'nonchiral', 'instanton', 'recombination', 'viewed', 'as', 'a', 'multiinstanton', 'effect', 'as', 'phenomenological', 'applications', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'perturbatively', 'forbidden', 'yukawa', 'couplings', 'in', 'su5', 'gut', 'models', 'and', 'majorana', 'masses', 'for', 'righthanded', 'neutrinos', 'finally', 'we', 'analyse', 'the', 'mirror', 'dual', 'description', 'of', 'd1instantons', 'in', 'type', 'i', 'compactifications', 'with', 'd9branes', 'and', 'stable', 'holomorphic', 'bundles', 'we', 'present', 'globally', 'defined', 'semirealistic', 'string', 'vacua', 'on', 'an', 'elliptically', 'fibered', 'calabiyau', 'realising', 'the', 'nonperturbative', 'generation', 'of', 'majorana', 'masses']] | [-0.1921119740553578, 0.21518636642276698, -0.008885537756124993, 0.22132363590050386, -0.12488229361597214, -0.21166142822940137, 0.024468153941451565, 0.30851243779558196, -0.11996829773175653, -0.22324448572211228, 0.07786016772058305, -0.23637549731704582, -0.12532375109059593, 0.08788213347918451, -0.09432627010758367, -0.025807085818239858, -0.028534118594093758, -0.019473847246018947, -0.08816661266976368, -0.2976209818014315, 0.402912939892157, -0.0321800742799846, 0.2767959671433676, 0.09916941499519911, 0.06717704749060469, -0.04667997689082424, -0.029781846805000223, -0.09700611761569247, -0.14084333046893036, 0.1255606369480126, 0.24156098545259178, 0.0215138031684279, 0.02397838533185162, -0.4673552290256415, -0.16682055031626739, 0.14456521325998686, 0.200584811689267, 0.173765615259714, -0.051951096252329854, -0.3031229648732587, 0.03115396032279188, -0.19274111681819692, -0.1717849749277209, -0.14134964947360795, -0.01099047589382821, -0.08032539808981029, -0.23199635044951644, 0.012209949692567954, -0.012118345849424393, 0.03243555043908683, -0.010147175585144441, -0.10852870157141552, -0.11081440595200064, 0.02961690257420646, 0.1764704215949258, -0.0066784467365775075, 0.1229468825414868, -0.20955476208900956, -0.17182753979508486, 0.39017352357529544, -0.08286294463404839, -0.21316905104118836, 0.09530643947826295, -0.06245825628235519, -0.21330824526599967, 0.06525939153067742, 0.13264370283886948, 0.188743843439351, -0.08141234476067177, 0.23764423667933546, -0.024165727591330927, 0.08433453602410228, 0.10297891781893331, 0.07441448322920637, 0.3305422288782478, 0.17248093746472282, 0.043593403938636706, 0.09129528480848961, -0.012944407434238551, -0.12994264605149, -0.5072900375442488, -0.08633462539255306, -0.05074802352362996, 0.18153159642816763, -0.09224329887792855, -0.20054926051289312, 0.4295284491344974, 0.08571748558913807, 0.18805191504046112, 0.03227154505878713, 0.20053505679345004, 0.03352847446156731, 0.07174929313628667, -0.039959041751803946, 0.24447745292519146, 0.15321607229387765, 0.030683339065855852, -0.24953710736863158, -0.1952011066169797, 0.24192389990105392] |
712.2846 | Three-body scattering from nonperturbative flow equations | We consider fermion-dimer scattering in the presence of a large positive
scattering length in the frame of functional renormalization group equations. A
flow equation for the momentum dependent fermion-dimer scattering amplitude is
derived from first principles in a systematic vertex expansion of the exact
flow equation for the effective action. The resummation obtained from the
nonperturbative flow is shown to be equivalent to the one performed by the
integral equation by Skorniakov and Ter-Martirosian (STM). The flow equation
approach allows to integrate out fermions and bosons simultaneously, in line
with the fact that the bosons are not fundamental but build up gradually as
fluctuation induced bound states of fermions. In particular, the STM result for
atom-dimer scattering is obtained by choosing the relative cutoff scales of
fermions and bosons such that the fermion fluctuations are integrated out
already at the initial stage of the RG evolution.
| cond-mat.stat-mech nucl-th | we consider fermiondimer scattering in the presence of a large positive scattering length in the frame of functional renormalization group equations a flow equation for the momentum dependent fermiondimer scattering amplitude is derived from first principles in a systematic vertex expansion of the exact flow equation for the effective action the resummation obtained from the nonperturbative flow is shown to be equivalent to the one performed by the integral equation by skorniakov and termartirosian stm the flow equation approach allows to integrate out fermions and bosons simultaneously in line with the fact that the bosons are not fundamental but build up gradually as fluctuation induced bound states of fermions in particular the stm result for atomdimer scattering is obtained by choosing the relative cutoff scales of fermions and bosons such that the fermion fluctuations are integrated out already at the initial stage of the rg evolution | [['we', 'consider', 'fermiondimer', 'scattering', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'large', 'positive', 'scattering', 'length', 'in', 'the', 'frame', 'of', 'functional', 'renormalization', 'group', 'equations', 'a', 'flow', 'equation', 'for', 'the', 'momentum', 'dependent', 'fermiondimer', 'scattering', 'amplitude', 'is', 'derived', 'from', 'first', 'principles', 'in', 'a', 'systematic', 'vertex', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'exact', 'flow', 'equation', 'for', 'the', 'effective', 'action', 'the', 'resummation', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'nonperturbative', 'flow', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'equivalent', 'to', 'the', 'one', 'performed', 'by', 'the', 'integral', 'equation', 'by', 'skorniakov', 'and', 'termartirosian', 'stm', 'the', 'flow', 'equation', 'approach', 'allows', 'to', 'integrate', 'out', 'fermions', 'and', 'bosons', 'simultaneously', 'in', 'line', 'with', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'the', 'bosons', 'are', 'not', 'fundamental', 'but', 'build', 'up', 'gradually', 'as', 'fluctuation', 'induced', 'bound', 'states', 'of', 'fermions', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'stm', 'result', 'for', 'atomdimer', 'scattering', 'is', 'obtained', 'by', 'choosing', 'the', 'relative', 'cutoff', 'scales', 'of', 'fermions', 'and', 'bosons', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'fermion', 'fluctuations', 'are', 'integrated', 'out', 'already', 'at', 'the', 'initial', 'stage', 'of', 'the', 'rg', 'evolution']] | [-0.12578428394802246, 0.19039059091958996, -0.14790004416973304, 0.0745488100402912, -0.03580802094828657, -0.11634102054195453, 0.017220443892866782, 0.31377301120186507, -0.27961671629231677, -0.2556768111559269, 0.03653122253687287, -0.31637552769845495, -0.09220703008061606, 0.15170690338191103, 0.06097711280485845, 0.08543987823522663, 0.06585639884076655, 0.038150556187770544, -0.06485495543384874, -0.23264717226624743, 0.3574146026257451, 0.028619900993262865, 0.2558372914280793, 0.08121996546444828, 0.1176313213168401, 0.04953541950887222, -0.02810183878388409, 0.0009432812213374634, -0.12790690600756024, 0.08053466574765729, 0.23049292447402664, -0.024983285024711522, 0.1804476370524666, -0.40802334064030893, -0.21679150810694858, 0.018077611014221426, 0.19138055307509966, 0.14625253431396942, -0.020329143067388093, -0.29630220945516267, 0.03384997464607993, -0.14890895951028965, -0.15619778017232783, -0.06526034621981112, 0.01398425631237867, -0.024430821962297372, -0.26832094684893854, 0.11362072030040085, -0.0007786376013365504, 0.016689045526954816, -0.06440361663707124, -0.08838779946202285, -0.03153222699152076, 0.08585046509189902, 0.07964321260566963, 0.03714381168717646, 0.11634529302572857, -0.1715349763446832, -0.07500193048466303, 0.3865053848210365, -0.11903678986869037, -0.19511592361361604, 0.12571046270959538, -0.13226545748638932, -0.09475806506337879, 0.16209454919300872, 0.12542685587118596, 0.11233525177183216, -0.17832248202486806, 0.1304690779592644, -0.038353935298701264, 0.13895446057622768, 0.07155515527837489, 0.009378666628298848, 0.1740139713510871, 0.12450211191364909, 0.04992360189837748, 0.10310826748242755, -0.0567776154541755, -0.1065651239533845, -0.345698244301985, -0.12370577846990248, -0.1737078743610429, 0.08076269951601567, -0.08744109719834205, -0.1314694314295257, 0.3541882621660216, 0.1498638312906435, 0.20750984417797666, 0.03130694866907617, 0.25544218999837615, 0.20313764162511527, 0.10148277477208167, 0.08026062018135945, 0.24822357944085274, 0.1531716403383953, 0.08691270250750527, -0.3040378637012247, -0.024814775357124945, 0.12410306291374033] |
712.2847 | Nucleosynthesis in early supernova winds III: No significant
contribution from neutron-rich pockets | Recent nucleosynthesis calculations of Type II supernovae using advanced
neutrino transport determine that the early neutrino winds are proton-rich.
However, a fraction of the ejecta emitted at the same time is composed of
neutron-rich pockets. In this paper we calculate the nucleosynthesis
contribution from the neutron-rich pockets in the hot convective bubbles of a
core-collapse supernova and show that they do not contribute significantly to
the total nucleosynthesis.
| astro-ph | recent nucleosynthesis calculations of type ii supernovae using advanced neutrino transport determine that the early neutrino winds are protonrich however a fraction of the ejecta emitted at the same time is composed of neutronrich pockets in this paper we calculate the nucleosynthesis contribution from the neutronrich pockets in the hot convective bubbles of a corecollapse supernova and show that they do not contribute significantly to the total nucleosynthesis | [['recent', 'nucleosynthesis', 'calculations', 'of', 'type', 'ii', 'supernovae', 'using', 'advanced', 'neutrino', 'transport', 'determine', 'that', 'the', 'early', 'neutrino', 'winds', 'are', 'protonrich', 'however', 'a', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'ejecta', 'emitted', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'is', 'composed', 'of', 'neutronrich', 'pockets', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'nucleosynthesis', 'contribution', 'from', 'the', 'neutronrich', 'pockets', 'in', 'the', 'hot', 'convective', 'bubbles', 'of', 'a', 'corecollapse', 'supernova', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'do', 'not', 'contribute', 'significantly', 'to', 'the', 'total', 'nucleosynthesis']] | [-0.04021222585373942, 0.2304056257228641, -0.03493804926299216, 0.16953239465767503, -0.06389726547743468, -0.03227318126215216, 0.060567395968759874, 0.30660910959191184, -0.2079570899334024, -0.2724173646146322, -0.03145084492108949, -0.3759503215825295, -0.008157136220046702, 0.18059098623138303, 0.024915106187001906, -0.09724522099200197, 0.17719744669739157, -0.058954072212252545, -0.14032765937137062, -0.2648332364418927, 0.37495405100943413, 0.12526386587277932, 0.18468810364035615, 0.030225870185805595, 0.014021047569044372, -0.16515622218824266, -0.043848457581856674, -0.0877072574735126, -0.13366859641909662, 0.04357988020638004, 0.2174948234214218, 0.1548066896331661, 0.15120277441490224, -0.5219767732710084, -0.2694511117057546, 0.1348236105952631, 0.24712420192629317, 0.12519140570657328, -0.13599678480942898, -0.2039581010775531, 0.05612545829225222, -0.2618818504475605, -0.13040711299297125, 0.03381958132719293, -0.0229788861812695, 0.06389343259712298, -0.2134873944142943, 0.09415998368058354, -0.01231069743688054, -0.03347070629270627, -0.06955905922907679, -0.12050730466623516, -0.07228068992673584, 0.033940274761441874, 0.11482173673507265, -0.03396497761337634, 0.17062920223757186, -0.12834821505513153, 0.04301588174284381, 0.44381181254763813, -0.034926039694041455, 0.037583732189994085, 0.14673910298220375, -0.22288941135219134, -0.17670716476791046, 0.2141799203305067, 0.1817275204914896, 0.1541949688004987, -0.1463594707687769, 0.012604837839128724, -0.0246169243062682, 0.15530043462400928, 0.03690730512607843, 0.02449198053289044, 0.2925772957627059, 0.20317023918580482, -0.02552186624790706, -0.039072015048826444, -0.19305937178432941, -0.016885195684153587, -0.3149786113816149, -0.11895688814248014, -0.10800285125151277, 0.12629450294415995, -0.06774311162414104, -0.1719948826563161, 0.337215380387052, 0.09197325355318539, 0.16199657334672177, -0.058830994578516656, 0.28181449026691124, 0.024352332375950508, 0.03828753838452565, 0.18318739545408308, 0.3694749820895274, 0.1733617366236799, 0.14646305802435725, -0.3406959836925928, 0.15471053438651486, 0.07596967761021327] |
712.2848 | Vector electromagnetic theory of transition and diffraction radiation
with application to the measurement of longitudinal bunch size | We have developed a novel method based on vector electromagnetic theory and
Schellkunoff's principles to calculate the spectral and angular distributions
of transtion radiation (TR) and diffraction radiation (DR) produced by a
charged particle interacting with an arbitrary target. The vector method
predicts the polarization and spectral angular distributions of the radiation
at an arbitrary distance form the source, i.e. in both the near and far fields,
and in any direction of observation. The radiation fields of TR and DR
calculated with the commonly used scalar Huygens model are shown to be limiting
forms of those predicted by the vector theory and the regime of validity of the
scalar theory is explicitly shown. Calculations of TR and DR done using the
vector model are compared to results available in the literature for various
limiting cases and for cases of more general interest. Our theory has important
applications in the design of TR and DR diagnostics particularly those that
utilize coherent TR or DR to infer the longitudinal bunch size and shape. A new
technique to determine the bunch length using the angular distribution of
coherent TR or DR is proposed.
| physics.acc-ph | we have developed a novel method based on vector electromagnetic theory and schellkunoffs principles to calculate the spectral and angular distributions of transtion radiation tr and diffraction radiation dr produced by a charged particle interacting with an arbitrary target the vector method predicts the polarization and spectral angular distributions of the radiation at an arbitrary distance form the source ie in both the near and far fields and in any direction of observation the radiation fields of tr and dr calculated with the commonly used scalar huygens model are shown to be limiting forms of those predicted by the vector theory and the regime of validity of the scalar theory is explicitly shown calculations of tr and dr done using the vector model are compared to results available in the literature for various limiting cases and for cases of more general interest our theory has important applications in the design of tr and dr diagnostics particularly those that utilize coherent tr or dr to infer the longitudinal bunch size and shape a new technique to determine the bunch length using the angular distribution of coherent tr or dr is proposed | [['we', 'have', 'developed', 'a', 'novel', 'method', 'based', 'on', 'vector', 'electromagnetic', 'theory', 'and', 'schellkunoffs', 'principles', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'spectral', 'and', 'angular', 'distributions', 'of', 'transtion', 'radiation', 'tr', 'and', 'diffraction', 'radiation', 'dr', 'produced', 'by', 'a', 'charged', 'particle', 'interacting', 'with', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'target', 'the', 'vector', 'method', 'predicts', 'the', 'polarization', 'and', 'spectral', 'angular', 'distributions', 'of', 'the', 'radiation', 'at', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'distance', 'form', 'the', 'source', 'ie', 'in', 'both', 'the', 'near', 'and', 'far', 'fields', 'and', 'in', 'any', 'direction', 'of', 'observation', 'the', 'radiation', 'fields', 'of', 'tr', 'and', 'dr', 'calculated', 'with', 'the', 'commonly', 'used', 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712.2849 | Random walk on a population of random walkers | We consider a population of $N$ labeled random walkers moving on a substrate,
and an excitation jumping among the walkers upon contact. The label
$\mathcal{X}(t)$ of the walker carrying the excitation at time $t$ can be
viewed as a stochastic process, where the transition probabilities are a
stochastic process themselves. Upon mapping onto two simpler processes, the
quantities characterizing $\mathcal{X}(t)$ can be calculated in the limit of
long times and low walkers density. The results are compared with numerical
simulations. Several different topologies for the substrate underlying
diffusion are considered.
| cond-mat.stat-mech | we consider a population of n labeled random walkers moving on a substrate and an excitation jumping among the walkers upon contact the label mathcalxt of the walker carrying the excitation at time t can be viewed as a stochastic process where the transition probabilities are a stochastic process themselves upon mapping onto two simpler processes the quantities characterizing mathcalxt can be calculated in the limit of long times and low walkers density the results are compared with numerical simulations several different topologies for the substrate underlying diffusion are considered | [['we', 'consider', 'a', 'population', 'of', 'n', 'labeled', 'random', 'walkers', 'moving', 'on', 'a', 'substrate', 'and', 'an', 'excitation', 'jumping', 'among', 'the', 'walkers', 'upon', 'contact', 'the', 'label', 'mathcalxt', 'of', 'the', 'walker', 'carrying', 'the', 'excitation', 'at', 'time', 't', 'can', 'be', 'viewed', 'as', 'a', 'stochastic', 'process', 'where', 'the', 'transition', 'probabilities', 'are', 'a', 'stochastic', 'process', 'themselves', 'upon', 'mapping', 'onto', 'two', 'simpler', 'processes', 'the', 'quantities', 'characterizing', 'mathcalxt', 'can', 'be', 'calculated', 'in', 'the', 'limit', 'of', 'long', 'times', 'and', 'low', 'walkers', 'density', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'compared', 'with', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'several', 'different', 'topologies', 'for', 'the', 'substrate', 'underlying', 'diffusion', 'are', 'considered']] | [-0.13276881007995042, 0.23367078100580127, -0.04844265571381483, 0.030874289503885342, 0.016489232934287026, -0.16329882274537036, 0.08247469918278512, 0.4114759633110629, -0.2621477030010687, -0.25117264462427963, 0.08587917400549891, -0.28642547571928134, -0.1017770224613034, 0.16511951739796335, 0.007348317554634478, 0.023277749061687954, 0.04477772064920929, 0.03879227242949936, -0.019836754476030668, -0.20718696158017136, 0.27109893961913056, 0.051444239241795406, 0.24926100102667179, -0.013784299573550622, 0.11592120078081886, -0.0038467505636314552, -0.011621251935139298, 0.025611340958211156, -0.11828602271982365, 0.018342175132905442, 0.20735161035425134, 0.04586261002760794, 0.234605207045873, -0.4651920125302341, -0.24109696064972216, 0.08962233247390637, 0.16359889416166373, 0.14422556983513965, 0.005008921714033931, -0.3184375960379839, 0.007188894607437154, -0.1174293317935533, -0.10209490115650827, -0.026471097953617573, 0.005485748541023996, 0.09015130340639088, -0.2712206533178687, 0.039824768935795875, 0.04796740649681952, 0.01114275786611769, -0.02169548137786074, -0.11317650183207459, -0.05639625285338196, 0.16457101397552631, 0.03504171368678928, 0.005252103585128983, 0.1981299406176226, -0.09305288346691264, -0.15127350516720778, 0.3499270029366016, -0.057737595955323844, -0.2387844751071599, 0.22852341157591177, -0.13130206409550738, -0.10083440184955382, 0.16939054690042718, 0.18845729789593155, 0.1604061247366998, -0.15267855130756894, 0.04795060505113927, -0.021420872166183675, 0.09099839819439998, 0.0715089324189143, -0.0023463321953184073, 0.18982713057452605, 0.18526138666396338, 0.05824366050461928, 0.11625276827770803, -0.09279407088696542, -0.1654451105898867, -0.2705015966668725, -0.1458292212544216, -0.24302416144766742, 0.10744519866485562, -0.15477438095614263, -0.14033784977056915, 0.3582781495785134, 0.11403390084289843, 0.2790673866454098, 0.09577306658029557, 0.2285039788267265, 0.16721902716154646, 0.006815412992404567, 0.04499173947713441, 0.14457780738545503, 0.1166972105908725, 0.06035360649952458, -0.19454775272299432, 0.13283413446301387, 0.06049401426118695] |
712.285 | Expanding and Improving the Search for Habitable Worlds | This review focuses on recent results in advancing our understanding of the
location and distribution of habitable exo-Earth environments. We first review
the qualities that define a habitable planet/moon environment. We extend these
concepts to potentially habitable environments in our own Solar System and the
current and future searches for biomarkers there, focusing on the primary
targets for future exploratory missions: Mars, Europa, and Enceladus. We
examine our current knowledge on the types of planetary systems amenable to the
formation of habitable planets, and review the current state of searches for
extra-solar habitable planets as well as expected future improvements in
sensitivity and preparations for the remote detection of the signatures of life
outside our Solar System.
| astro-ph | this review focuses on recent results in advancing our understanding of the location and distribution of habitable exoearth environments we first review the qualities that define a habitable planetmoon environment we extend these concepts to potentially habitable environments in our own solar system and the current and future searches for biomarkers there focusing on the primary targets for future exploratory missions mars europa and enceladus we examine our current knowledge on the types of planetary systems amenable to the formation of habitable planets and review the current state of searches for extrasolar habitable planets as well as expected future improvements in sensitivity and preparations for the remote detection of the signatures of life outside our solar system | [['this', 'review', 'focuses', 'on', 'recent', 'results', 'in', 'advancing', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'location', 'and', 'distribution', 'of', 'habitable', 'exoearth', 'environments', 'we', 'first', 'review', 'the', 'qualities', 'that', 'define', 'a', 'habitable', 'planetmoon', 'environment', 'we', 'extend', 'these', 'concepts', 'to', 'potentially', 'habitable', 'environments', 'in', 'our', 'own', 'solar', 'system', 'and', 'the', 'current', 'and', 'future', 'searches', 'for', 'biomarkers', 'there', 'focusing', 'on', 'the', 'primary', 'targets', 'for', 'future', 'exploratory', 'missions', 'mars', 'europa', 'and', 'enceladus', 'we', 'examine', 'our', 'current', 'knowledge', 'on', 'the', 'types', 'of', 'planetary', 'systems', 'amenable', 'to', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'habitable', 'planets', 'and', 'review', 'the', 'current', 'state', 'of', 'searches', 'for', 'extrasolar', 'habitable', 'planets', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'expected', 'future', 'improvements', 'in', 'sensitivity', 'and', 'preparations', 'for', 'the', 'remote', 'detection', 'of', 'the', 'signatures', 'of', 'life', 'outside', 'our', 'solar', 'system']] | [-0.11538558354020183, 0.11249723798460048, -0.01227666143503072, 0.05932324359981486, -0.11289117152555886, -0.0041624046742725065, 0.11210255273896405, 0.31304908990382385, -0.166133399372204, -0.332843852822438, 0.16286590384243804, -0.28300051487042993, -0.16323920383922055, 0.2621568804765996, -0.0996374608272225, 0.05758687543372313, 0.17289745041495588, -0.022451680937670488, -0.01998813368149229, -0.26369607378529686, 0.27181328485250217, 0.10752259526385838, 0.11456569117040206, 0.040871928883796066, -0.005038683543491186, -0.016872253268957138, -0.061967721626831174, -0.09872765324882463, -0.20193351505073753, 0.10782947829072802, 0.3335052040986653, 0.23469678901581684, 0.23766183679620934, -0.4586676677259115, -0.2604473576697911, 0.058876298771948256, 0.1222513002446956, 0.025478923717179358, -0.08727164894370283, -0.3498567313544898, 0.04428836337985216, -0.18888561385405114, -0.16483006846462178, -0.018754997378231116, 0.0687533647665738, 0.01773166018896378, -0.22136877169116184, -0.003515901107691292, 0.057882262396817215, 0.10928011204028486, -0.18873934595423758, -0.19699168148546073, 0.006617707039157932, 0.17636995937309077, 0.004882670206646634, -0.022075887240119215, 0.25277759266507804, -0.15481859844966003, -0.10276473275361916, 0.4065968160891635, -0.10645954835061462, -0.08958665929479986, 0.3227846670545574, -0.23979849837179112, -0.1492987719690825, 0.01312218588959967, 0.24235805893778548, 0.17345367529644415, -0.13813513402755445, 0.006106780488720626, 0.017763123377902895, 0.11048405903688051, 0.020551041928174682, 0.09111343970936206, 0.4099806245082082, 0.2619157935787215, 0.14193389346647975, 0.03442823100620164, -0.17848630452679837, -0.062061321194299586, -0.23862985973783696, -0.21260705731140497, -0.125641854145588, -0.01928866315736539, -0.01139405172275435, -0.11061815622971098, 0.415806302959975, 0.28692122879955506, 0.11952886736999528, 0.026470125507579274, 0.3511540407581557, -0.00930052707130965, 0.043538897182856105, 0.04100395903850977, 0.32108800986813557, 0.04413429961209464, 0.12929274919880634, -0.23342301940115598, 0.1299150002787972, -0.0537907186195127] |
712.2851 | Recent BES results and the BESIII upgrade | Using 58 million $J/\psi$ and 14 million $\psi(2S)$ events collected by the
BESII detector at the BEPC, branching fractions or upper limits for the decays
$J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S) \to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda} \pi^0$ and $\Lambda
\bar{\Lambda} \eta$ are measured, and the decays of $J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ to
$n K^0_S \bar{\Lambda}+c.c.$ are observed and measured for the first time.
Finally, $R$ measurement data taken with the BESII detector at center-of-mass
energies between 3.7 and 5.0 GeV are fitted to determine resonance parameters
of the high mass charmonium states, $\psi(3770)$, $\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$,
and $\psi(4415)$.
The Beijing Electron Collider is being upgraded to a two-ring collider
(BEPCII) with a design luminosity of $1 \times 10^{33}$cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ at
3.89 GeV and will operate between 2 and 4.2 GeV in the center of mass. With
this luminosity, the new BESIII detector will beable to collect, for example,
10 billion $J/\psi$ events in one year of running. BEPCII and BESIII are
currently nearing completion, and commissioning of both is expected to begin in
mid-2008.
| hep-ex | using 58 million jpsi and 14 million psi2s events collected by the besii detector at the bepc branching fractions or upper limits for the decays jpsi and psi2s to lambda barlambda pi0 and lambda barlambda eta are measured and the decays of jpsi and psi2s to n k0_s barlambdacc are observed and measured for the first time finally r measurement data taken with the besii detector at centerofmass energies between 37 and 50 gev are fitted to determine resonance parameters of the high mass charmonium states psi3770 psi4040 psi4160 and psi4415 the beijing electron collider is being upgraded to a tworing collider bepcii with a design luminosity of 1 times 1033cm2 s1 at 389 gev and will operate between 2 and 42 gev in the center of mass with this luminosity the new besiii detector will beable to collect for example 10 billion jpsi events in one year of running bepcii and besiii are currently nearing completion and commissioning of both is expected to begin in mid2008 | [['using', '58', 'million', 'jpsi', 'and', '14', 'million', 'psi2s', 'events', 'collected', 'by', 'the', 'besii', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'bepc', 'branching', 'fractions', 'or', 'upper', 'limits', 'for', 'the', 'decays', 'jpsi', 'and', 'psi2s', 'to', 'lambda', 'barlambda', 'pi0', 'and', 'lambda', 'barlambda', 'eta', 'are', 'measured', 'and', 'the', 'decays', 'of', 'jpsi', 'and', 'psi2s', 'to', 'n', 'k0_s', 'barlambdacc', 'are', 'observed', 'and', 'measured', 'for', 'the', 'first', 'time', 'finally', 'r', 'measurement', 'data', 'taken', 'with', 'the', 'besii', 'detector', 'at', 'centerofmass', 'energies', 'between', '37', 'and', '50', 'gev', 'are', 'fitted', 'to', 'determine', 'resonance', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'high', 'mass', 'charmonium', 'states', 'psi3770', 'psi4040', 'psi4160', 'and', 'psi4415', 'the', 'beijing', 'electron', 'collider', 'is', 'being', 'upgraded', 'to', 'a', 'tworing', 'collider', 'bepcii', 'with', 'a', 'design', 'luminosity', 'of', '1', 'times', '1033cm2', 's1', 'at', '389', 'gev', 'and', 'will', 'operate', 'between', '2', 'and', '42', 'gev', 'in', 'the', 'center', 'of', 'mass', 'with', 'this', 'luminosity', 'the', 'new', 'besiii', 'detector', 'will', 'beable', 'to', 'collect', 'for', 'example', '10', 'billion', 'jpsi', 'events', 'in', 'one', 'year', 'of', 'running', 'bepcii', 'and', 'besiii', 'are', 'currently', 'nearing', 'completion', 'and', 'commissioning', 'of', 'both', 'is', 'expected', 'to', 'begin', 'in', 'mid2008']] | [-0.03669063934781165, 0.24351390463046052, -0.06590983563413223, 0.11932926932420355, -0.01640098544232773, -0.12864382249500717, 0.016791885031500097, 0.32625805052053747, -0.12224049839670911, -0.3409838647553415, -0.005070221237132721, -0.47194674103097484, 0.1649139103324463, 0.19762245648343002, 0.10106286141654533, 0.15623459247307794, 0.15280888382006774, 0.018414858222769743, -0.03602527146312323, -0.22022020533455142, 0.18366884362573424, 0.09854539280023539, 0.17412697487708295, 0.11357128839996276, 0.06300105502560847, -0.018529101135209204, -0.03355907222686448, -0.1233580496472617, -0.1678078032776036, 0.007644848768585221, 0.3284867295318029, 0.14581858212071838, 0.1466850691474974, -0.3166151340091319, 0.04686120414513756, 0.16619558097286657, 0.11021452945106748, -0.0411118785243933, 0.00013273774759110175, -0.39952828650447453, 0.1824509101609389, -0.2239155105512702, -0.07152965805690849, 0.031061538854952563, 0.09621823292338487, -0.08138164737910936, -0.3137860129164024, 0.0713635892550828, -0.14206813709302382, 0.08334714812491174, -0.05295976382877791, -0.26441478243690325, -0.021783230387408172, -0.0562293239149519, 0.04579446207816628, 0.11731495018201796, 0.2231253847536264, -0.061865385314873, -0.20178074311803687, 0.3490438692158822, -0.03637874206866731, -0.029475835250747023, 0.1477001360243638, -0.28886441988870504, -0.09719496281873999, 0.22627080261396865, 0.29413965624954663, 0.00872677510434931, -0.21770871364596214, 0.05225506887319639, 0.025007985717137204, 0.19793385143786896, 0.13625872331727862, 0.0916562152391469, 0.1588708906815472, 0.2327760047632072, -0.025089327025819907, 0.03864182377318767, -0.18293897031495968, 0.013862422582778063, -0.4048164768899424, -0.1077521751775886, -0.05366438519999837, 0.12013875308418365, 0.006132812705949287, 0.04140966001220725, 0.35504613991713885, 0.031652160288561416, 0.36651800299737125, 0.01028191967810871, 0.2812137096330072, 0.07037641443876606, 0.025712769093683384, 0.09623674105545929, 0.31492512492519437, 0.15609412860605076, 0.21511402183184117, -0.2335970368292747, -0.021784724122985745, -0.04699917590725377] |
712.2852 | Stellar populations, neutral hydrogen and ionised gas in field
early-type galaxies | We present a study of the stellar populations of a sample of 39 local, field
early-type galaxies whose HI properties are known from interferometric data.
Our aim is to understand whether stellar age and chemical composition depend on
the HI content of galaxies. As a by-product of our analysis, we also study
their ionised gas content and how it relates to the neutral hydrogen gas.
Stellar populations and ionised gas are studied from optical long-slit spectra.
We determine stellar age, metallicity and alpha-to-iron ratio by analysing a
set of Lick/IDS line-strength indices measured from the spectra after modelling
and subtracting the ionised-gas emission. We do not find any trend in the
stellar populations parameters with M(HI). However, we do find that, at stellar
velocity dispersion below 230 km/s, 2/3 of the galaxies with less than 100
million solar masses of HI are centrally rejuvenated, while none of the
HI-richer systems are. Furthermore, none of the more massive
(velocity-dispersion>230 km/s) objects are centrally rejuvenated independently
on their HI mass. Concerning the ionised gas, we detect emission in 60% of the
sample. This is generally extended and always carachterised by LINER-like
emission-line ratios at any radius. We find that a large HI mass is necessary
(but not sufficient) for a galaxy to host bright ionised-gas emission. A
plausible interpretation of our results is that gas-rich mergers play a
significant role in E/S0 formation, especially at lower mass. Within this
picture, HI-poor, centrally-rejuvenated objects could form in mergers where gas
angular-momentum removal (and therefore inflow) is efficient; HI-rich galaxies
with no significant age gradients (but possibly uniformly young) could be
formed in interactions characterised by high-angular momentum gas.
| astro-ph | we present a study of the stellar populations of a sample of 39 local field earlytype galaxies whose hi properties are known from interferometric data our aim is to understand whether stellar age and chemical composition depend on the hi content of galaxies as a byproduct of our analysis we also study their ionised gas content and how it relates to the neutral hydrogen gas stellar populations and ionised gas are studied from optical longslit spectra we determine stellar age metallicity and alphatoiron ratio by analysing a set of lickids linestrength indices measured from the spectra after modelling and subtracting the ionisedgas emission we do not find any trend in the stellar populations parameters with mhi however we do find that at stellar velocity dispersion below 230 kms 23 of the galaxies with less than 100 million solar masses of hi are centrally rejuvenated while none of the hiricher systems are furthermore none of the more massive velocitydispersion230 kms objects are centrally rejuvenated independently on their hi mass concerning the ionised gas we detect emission in 60 of the sample this is generally extended and always carachterised by linerlike emissionline ratios at any radius we find that a large hi mass is necessary but not sufficient for a galaxy to host bright ionisedgas emission a plausible interpretation of our results is that gasrich mergers play a significant role in es0 formation especially at lower mass within this picture hipoor centrallyrejuvenated objects could form in mergers where gas angularmomentum removal and therefore inflow is efficient hirich galaxies with no significant age gradients but possibly uniformly young could be formed in interactions characterised by highangular momentum gas | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'populations', 'of', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '39', 'local', 'field', 'earlytype', 'galaxies', 'whose', 'hi', 'properties', 'are', 'known', 'from', 'interferometric', 'data', 'our', 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712.2853 | On the Lego-Teichmuller game for finite $G$ cover | Given a smooth, oriented, closed surface $\Sigma$ of genus zero, possibly
with boundary, let $\tilde{\Sigma} \longrightarrow \Sigma$ be a given $G$-cover
of $\Sigma$, where $G$ is a given finite group. Let $S_{n}$ denote the standard
sphere with $n$ holes. There are many ways of gluing together several $G$-cover
of $S_{n}$ to construct the $G$-cover $\ts \longrightarrow \Sigma$, of
$\Sigma$. We let $M(\tilde{\Sigma} ,\Sigma)$ be the set of all ways to
construct the given $G$-cover, $\tilde{\Sigma} \longrightarrow \Sigma$, of
$\Sigma$ from gluing of several $G$-covers of $S_{n}$, here $n$ may vary. In
this paper, we define some simple moves and relation which will turn
$M(\tilde{\Sigma} ,\Sigma)$ into a connected and simply-connected complex. This
will be used in the future paper to construct $G$-equivariant Modular Functor.
This $G$-equivariant Modular Functor will be an extension of the usual Modular
Functor.
| math.GT math.RT | given a smooth oriented closed surface sigma of genus zero possibly with boundary let tildesigma longrightarrow sigma be a given gcover of sigma where g is a given finite group let s_n denote the standard sphere with n holes there are many ways of gluing together several gcover of s_n to construct the gcover ts longrightarrow sigma of sigma we let mtildesigma sigma be the set of all ways to construct the given gcover tildesigma longrightarrow sigma of sigma from gluing of several gcovers of s_n here n may vary in this paper we define some simple moves and relation which will turn mtildesigma sigma into a connected and simplyconnected complex this will be used in the future paper to construct gequivariant modular functor this gequivariant modular functor will be an extension of the usual modular functor | [['given', 'a', 'smooth', 'oriented', 'closed', 'surface', 'sigma', 'of', 'genus', 'zero', 'possibly', 'with', 'boundary', 'let', 'tildesigma', 'longrightarrow', 'sigma', 'be', 'a', 'given', 'gcover', 'of', 'sigma', 'where', 'g', 'is', 'a', 'given', 'finite', 'group', 'let', 's_n', 'denote', 'the', 'standard', 'sphere', 'with', 'n', 'holes', 'there', 'are', 'many', 'ways', 'of', 'gluing', 'together', 'several', 'gcover', 'of', 's_n', 'to', 'construct', 'the', 'gcover', 'ts', 'longrightarrow', 'sigma', 'of', 'sigma', 'we', 'let', 'mtildesigma', 'sigma', 'be', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'all', 'ways', 'to', 'construct', 'the', 'given', 'gcover', 'tildesigma', 'longrightarrow', 'sigma', 'of', 'sigma', 'from', 'gluing', 'of', 'several', 'gcovers', 'of', 's_n', 'here', 'n', 'may', 'vary', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'define', 'some', 'simple', 'moves', 'and', 'relation', 'which', 'will', 'turn', 'mtildesigma', 'sigma', 'into', 'a', 'connected', 'and', 'simplyconnected', 'complex', 'this', 'will', 'be', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'future', 'paper', 'to', 'construct', 'gequivariant', 'modular', 'functor', 'this', 'gequivariant', 'modular', 'functor', 'will', 'be', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'the', 'usual', 'modular', 'functor']] | [-0.203675579459027, 0.13159449019186906, -0.10772430604254758, 0.011070353370504799, -0.126791515139242, -0.17799916192889215, -0.01050986426503018, 0.319699666345561, -0.35168413162507395, -0.1985488095941643, 0.05319770020087836, -0.2687386149743192, -0.11016436455150445, 0.17684114948604945, -0.1400290686895864, -0.05972356752457994, 0.0031225567821551252, 0.14449936864828622, -0.11272469358173785, -0.2354053274900825, 0.3727780910277808, -0.10387472746272881, 0.13616328972426278, 0.018763227129562035, 0.06816406730148528, -0.04554133563543911, 0.015670417476859357, 0.007882762993513434, -0.21342423049435538, 0.13248199604934566, 0.34377277255817146, 0.09757908827935656, 0.15592700394077433, -0.38893697588118137, -0.1437262858816043, 0.27269981661466536, 0.17035756574391767, -0.05251414044501467, 0.040760379403622614, -0.2989970638520188, 0.14386330912777878, -0.17071634768335908, -0.1526174315734318, -0.028781565961738427, 0.10603963618891107, -0.030006228425298577, -0.2663442694340591, -0.05719078090041876, 0.05954753306383888, 0.08892840026981301, -0.000606764138986667, -0.12970055214094894, -0.10584401956552433, 0.07754373757030678, -0.05146747173362032, 0.1867235318205699, 0.10510064997468833, -0.04425683062420123, -0.05743290095900496, 0.39026411182971465, -0.11099545259580568, -0.2568893749611797, 0.08311389692610613, -0.1657812139985186, -0.1876800896944823, 0.10229384017013082, 0.09648674133199232, 0.13626983795590975, -0.06133170272741053, 0.21009288566721673, -0.12479674017867419, 0.12270168379225113, 0.11195515657395676, -0.07378436253854521, 0.18992788862712956, 0.11166069816487531, 0.06992689177212823, 0.13363878812157998, -0.009804789992739205, 0.05158208229544538, -0.4233869681548741, -0.1603115593186683, -0.05532280962862488, 0.20771553715759958, -0.11944794794867954, -0.1678595373062072, 0.3659004772150958, 0.05419920929621353, 0.23607564570481407, 0.1721690762943278, 0.15629976278624208, 0.107939336213598, 0.014664146521439155, 0.03753194206532229, 0.028380597104465038, 0.2290266347359176, -0.11203775186160649, -0.11698173532538392, -0.07290490223784689, 0.14308330063121738] |
712.2854 | Perception and recognition in a neural network theory in which neurons
exhibit hysteresis | A neural network theory of visual perception and recognition is presented.
Information flows both from the retina to the brain and from the brain to the
retina. A report that when a scene is perceived 50 retinal cells are much more
active than any of the other retinal cells is ascribed significance in the
theory. The theory involves neurons that exhibit hysteresis, without the need
for any changes in synaptic connection strengths during learning. The fact that
the brain is able to recognize faces and other objects very rapidly is
discussed in the context of the theory. The theory can be epitomized as "We see
with our eyes and remember with our brains".
| q-bio.NC | a neural network theory of visual perception and recognition is presented information flows both from the retina to the brain and from the brain to the retina a report that when a scene is perceived 50 retinal cells are much more active than any of the other retinal cells is ascribed significance in the theory the theory involves neurons that exhibit hysteresis without the need for any changes in synaptic connection strengths during learning the fact that the brain is able to recognize faces and other objects very rapidly is discussed in the context of the theory the theory can be epitomized as we see with our eyes and remember with our brains | [['a', 'neural', 'network', 'theory', 'of', 'visual', 'perception', 'and', 'recognition', 'is', 'presented', 'information', 'flows', 'both', 'from', 'the', 'retina', 'to', 'the', 'brain', 'and', 'from', 'the', 'brain', 'to', 'the', 'retina', 'a', 'report', 'that', 'when', 'a', 'scene', 'is', 'perceived', '50', 'retinal', 'cells', 'are', 'much', 'more', 'active', 'than', 'any', 'of', 'the', 'other', 'retinal', 'cells', 'is', 'ascribed', 'significance', 'in', 'the', 'theory', 'the', 'theory', 'involves', 'neurons', 'that', 'exhibit', 'hysteresis', 'without', 'the', 'need', 'for', 'any', 'changes', 'in', 'synaptic', 'connection', 'strengths', 'during', 'learning', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'the', 'brain', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'recognize', 'faces', 'and', 'other', 'objects', 'very', 'rapidly', 'is', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'theory', 'the', 'theory', 'can', 'be', 'epitomized', 'as', 'we', 'see', 'with', 'our', 'eyes', 'and', 'remember', 'with', 'our', 'brains']] | [-0.03315534655198422, 0.12464293587820983, -0.06295418904154701, 0.068782550267323, -0.08508224702085805, -0.15151325077955832, 0.0038485528408772254, 0.409206030395838, -0.2454563851872113, -0.29352938189311367, 0.06482062497139142, -0.28317391117457796, -0.31885679000040795, 0.19186348215866406, -0.17890501942947112, -0.016448019117743306, 0.07819872882229531, 0.11768266359195773, 0.02387584317928856, -0.22198731900786206, 0.25819252412024457, 0.0077902369151732565, 0.28488813153575215, 0.02667797330470212, 0.10463742709067543, -0.056973305056943035, -0.005442815276472706, 0.02367655230908597, -0.02804690788893299, 0.18843717022910478, 0.3177776631190384, 0.16677271051072737, 0.29710868423788156, -0.5022560981291849, -0.27128262699177835, 0.0722309413146582, 0.12169996694974865, 0.126694830134511, -0.013090402805437005, -0.3233065034172176, 0.1336145671414195, -0.09042605105787516, -0.04274772065568023, -0.059229019699634705, 0.01892775432742407, -0.02979118685213338, -0.2162645501867596, 0.06617611987656394, 0.05858584796696638, 0.10926201393151969, -0.080521818159758, -0.026764261655806178, -0.03452867450011251, 0.22703113959843615, 0.05317522556339679, 0.08336087547765995, 0.20738273310532743, -0.2228171123002153, -0.11675276803429675, 0.35513493832431536, 0.02830583963940328, -0.20155527380056085, 0.2240932094771827, -0.14782418431384506, -0.0811393937359737, 0.11299502200125593, 0.13644550836323638, 0.07857432771490606, -0.14234256528308142, -0.00598250365964409, -0.017574593136334315, 0.2166074042876078, 0.05820267171541278, 0.007442220991922427, 0.19462091036437623, 0.206849506625543, -0.007720228939819916, 0.1221348030031123, -0.14870246879311394, -0.07457662822134727, -0.24330053105126176, -0.12347369757686964, -0.1514545600723261, 0.009996207286212264, -0.10474247293726055, -0.14232065072035896, 0.4051165333495731, 0.17041998659466615, 0.20800476501061194, 0.09927766533584985, 0.2776020383215056, 0.04237969775284451, 0.14999845357760128, 0.04553746321316875, 0.24024440098319005, 0.1082657493024537, 0.16601269789950807, -0.2135165462031367, 0.1293722606651419, 0.022769606455880324] |
712.2855 | Variation of the magnetic ordering in GdT$_2$Zn$_{20}$ (T= Fe, Ru, Os,
Co, Rh and Ir) and its correlation with the electronic structure of
isostructural YT$_2$Zn$_{20}$ | Magnetization, resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on
the solution-grown, single crystals of six GdT$_2$Zn$_{20}$ (T = Fe, Ru, Os,
Co, Rh and Ir) compounds, as well as their Y analogues. For the Gd compounds,
the Fe column members manifest a ferromagnetic (FM) ground state (with an
enhanced Curie temperature, $T_{\mathrm{C}}$, for T = Fe and Ru), whereas the
Co column members manifest an antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state.
Thermodynamic measurements on the YT$_2$Zn$_{20}$ revealed that the enhanced
$T_{\mathrm{C}}$ for GdFe$_2$Zn$_{20}$ and GdRu$_2$Zn$_{20}$ can be understood
within the framework of Heisenberg moments embedded in a nearly ferromagnetic
Fermi liquid. Furthermore, electronic structure calculations indicate that this
significant enhancement is due to large, close to the Stoner FM criterion,
transition metal partial density of states at Fermi level, whereas the change
of FM to AFM ordering is associated with filling of electronic states with two
additional electrons per formula unit. The degree of this sensitivity is
addressed by the studies of the pseudo-ternary compounds
Gd(Fe$_x$Co$_{1-x}$)$_2$Zn$_{20}$ and Y(Fe$_x$Co$_{1-x}$)$_2$Zn$_{20}$ which
clearly reveal the effect of 3d band filling on their magnetic properties.
| cond-mat.str-el | magnetization resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on the solutiongrown single crystals of six gdt_2zn_20 t fe ru os co rh and ir compounds as well as their y analogues for the gd compounds the fe column members manifest a ferromagnetic fm ground state with an enhanced curie temperature t_mathrmc for t fe and ru whereas the co column members manifest an antiferromagnetic afm ground state thermodynamic measurements on the yt_2zn_20 revealed that the enhanced t_mathrmc for gdfe_2zn_20 and gdru_2zn_20 can be understood within the framework of heisenberg moments embedded in a nearly ferromagnetic fermi liquid furthermore electronic structure calculations indicate that this significant enhancement is due to large close to the stoner fm criterion transition metal partial density of states at fermi level whereas the change of fm to afm ordering is associated with filling of electronic states with two additional electrons per formula unit the degree of this sensitivity is addressed by the studies of the pseudoternary compounds gdfe_xco_1x_2zn_20 and yfe_xco_1x_2zn_20 which clearly reveal the effect of 3d band filling on their magnetic properties | [['magnetization', 'resistivity', 'and', 'specific', 'heat', 'measurements', 'were', 'performed', 'on', 'the', 'solutiongrown', 'single', 'crystals', 'of', 'six', 'gdt_2zn_20', 't', 'fe', 'ru', 'os', 'co', 'rh', 'and', 'ir', 'compounds', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'their', 'y', 'analogues', 'for', 'the', 'gd', 'compounds', 'the', 'fe', 'column', 'members', 'manifest', 'a', 'ferromagnetic', 'fm', 'ground', 'state', 'with', 'an', 'enhanced', 'curie', 'temperature', 't_mathrmc', 'for', 't', 'fe', 'and', 'ru', 'whereas', 'the', 'co', 'column', 'members', 'manifest', 'an', 'antiferromagnetic', 'afm', 'ground', 'state', 'thermodynamic', 'measurements', 'on', 'the', 'yt_2zn_20', 'revealed', 'that', 'the', 'enhanced', 't_mathrmc', 'for', 'gdfe_2zn_20', 'and', 'gdru_2zn_20', 'can', 'be', 'understood', 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712.2856 | The Variable X-ray and Near-IR Behavior of the Particularly Anomaloux
X-ray Pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937 | We present the results of X-ray and near-IR observations of the anomalous
X-ray pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937, believed to be a magnetar. This AXP underwent a
period of extreme variability during 2001-2004, but subsequently entered an
extended and unexpected quiescence in 2004-2006, during which we monitored it
with RXTE, CXO, and HST. Its timing properties were stable for >3 years
throughout the quiescent period. 1E 1048.1-5937 again went into outburst in
March 2007, which saw a factor of >7 total X-ray flux increase which was
anti-correlated with a pulsed fraction decrease, and correlated with spectral
hardening, among other effects. The near-IR counterpart also brightened
following the 2007 event. We discuss our findings in the context of the
magnetar and other models.
| astro-ph | we present the results of xray and nearir observations of the anomalous xray pulsar 1e 104815937 believed to be a magnetar this axp underwent a period of extreme variability during 20012004 but subsequently entered an extended and unexpected quiescence in 20042006 during which we monitored it with rxte cxo and hst its timing properties were stable for 3 years throughout the quiescent period 1e 104815937 again went into outburst in march 2007 which saw a factor of 7 total xray flux increase which was anticorrelated with a pulsed fraction decrease and correlated with spectral hardening among other effects the nearir counterpart also brightened following the 2007 event we discuss our findings in the context of the magnetar and other models | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'xray', 'and', 'nearir', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'anomalous', 'xray', 'pulsar', '1e', '104815937', 'believed', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'magnetar', 'this', 'axp', 'underwent', 'a', 'period', 'of', 'extreme', 'variability', 'during', '20012004', 'but', 'subsequently', 'entered', 'an', 'extended', 'and', 'unexpected', 'quiescence', 'in', '20042006', 'during', 'which', 'we', 'monitored', 'it', 'with', 'rxte', 'cxo', 'and', 'hst', 'its', 'timing', 'properties', 'were', 'stable', 'for', '3', 'years', 'throughout', 'the', 'quiescent', 'period', '1e', '104815937', 'again', 'went', 'into', 'outburst', 'in', 'march', '2007', 'which', 'saw', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '7', 'total', 'xray', 'flux', 'increase', 'which', 'was', 'anticorrelated', 'with', 'a', 'pulsed', 'fraction', 'decrease', 'and', 'correlated', 'with', 'spectral', 'hardening', 'among', 'other', 'effects', 'the', 'nearir', 'counterpart', 'also', 'brightened', 'following', 'the', '2007', 'event', 'we', 'discuss', 'our', 'findings', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'magnetar', 'and', 'other', 'models']] | [-0.05882256896196244, 0.17576981516819312, -0.10931327090753863, 0.08986585312037884, -0.1201467757957289, -0.11211434012123694, 0.09489532388979569, 0.4705838976117472, -0.1830394767593437, -0.3669355178174252, 0.1700116355602707, -0.32176282895573727, -0.09195413202978671, 0.24790635252526652, -0.0976356391562149, -0.04007842442030475, 0.14080209666863083, -0.06394290490231166, -0.04977747998200357, -0.3150974388029378, 0.15921765833627433, 0.1025127465565068, 0.16291542561763586, -0.029228094191057607, 0.08939540519301468, -0.01577812471271803, -0.0672615273782867, -0.05032372217198523, -0.08412674437277019, 0.0226854293840006, 0.20180033707817227, 0.10229792261573796, 0.1877009285458674, -0.3878379821466903, -0.2247076714488988, 0.05362229395347337, 0.1159091125552853, -0.07415520627061294, 0.012613164659705944, -0.28412675629369916, 0.001746605410395811, -0.2652557113256383, -0.17369203186438728, 0.08951700389443432, 0.13802518624191482, 0.002350938586459961, -0.15963417487218975, 0.12303745429744595, 0.04060603312294309, 0.04279020890826359, -0.2043565353892821, -0.032082327051709096, -0.007380777083259697, 0.04871792007470503, 0.10859975891556435, 0.0934936974546872, 0.08072348465987791, -0.09035099070169963, -0.15111754616567244, 0.26044992212943424, -0.06424215408042074, 0.15276366462931038, 0.17912678545108066, -0.21619494451830784, -0.24877179241351163, 0.20243835958729808, 0.11256714814614194, 0.05380563399909685, -0.12659188290902723, -0.01585000535560539, -0.01048127776448382, 0.26983209630319227, 0.06604794563027098, 0.04926632879457126, 0.29112554646950833, 0.11979002386360663, -0.052334625452446444, 0.20342309767729602, -0.285046621124881, -0.004299599110769729, -0.20337027101001393, -0.06136554041004274, -0.09616921944155668, 0.14134461448702496, -0.07772595968502477, -0.10357698340667412, 0.416213338119754, 0.06355339636017258, 0.1816066851140931, -0.03327175319912688, 0.23763542018908387, 0.14961974683683366, 0.024682775655188987, 0.16420088689774276, 0.3832642617751844, 0.11694638833675224, 0.19715628824099743, -0.22490437690091009, 0.09821836433062951, -0.009639298892579973] |
712.2857 | Single-Exclusion Number and the Stopping Redundancy of MDS Codes | For a linear block code C, its stopping redundancy is defined as the smallest
number of check nodes in a Tanner graph for C, such that there exist no
stopping sets of size smaller than the minimum distance of C. Schwartz and
Vardy conjectured that the stopping redundancy of an MDS code should only
depend on its length and minimum distance.
We define the (n,t)-single-exclusion number, S(n,t) as the smallest number of
t-subsets of an n-set, such that for each i-subset of the n-set, i=1,...,t+1,
there exists a t-subset that contains all but one element of the i-subset. New
upper bounds on the single-exclusion number are obtained via probabilistic
methods, recurrent inequalities, as well as explicit constructions. The new
bounds are used to better understand the stopping redundancy of MDS codes. In
particular, it is shown that for [n,k=n-d+1,d] MDS codes, as n goes to
infinity, the stopping redundancy is asymptotic to S(n,d-2), if d=o(\sqrt{n}),
or if k=o(\sqrt{n}) and k goes to infinity, thus giving partial confirmation of
the Schwartz-Vardy conjecture in the asymptotic sense.
| cs.IT cs.DM math.CO math.IT | for a linear block code c its stopping redundancy is defined as the smallest number of check nodes in a tanner graph for c such that there exist no stopping sets of size smaller than the minimum distance of c schwartz and vardy conjectured that the stopping redundancy of an mds code should only depend on its length and minimum distance we define the ntsingleexclusion number snt as the smallest number of tsubsets of an nset such that for each isubset of the nset i1t1 there exists a tsubset that contains all but one element of the isubset new upper bounds on the singleexclusion number are obtained via probabilistic methods recurrent inequalities as well as explicit constructions the new bounds are used to better understand the stopping redundancy of mds codes in particular it is shown that for nknd1d mds codes as n goes to infinity the stopping redundancy is asymptotic to snd2 if dosqrtn or if kosqrtn and k goes to infinity thus giving partial confirmation of the schwartzvardy conjecture in the asymptotic sense | [['for', 'a', 'linear', 'block', 'code', 'c', 'its', 'stopping', 'redundancy', 'is', 'defined', 'as', 'the', 'smallest', 'number', 'of', 'check', 'nodes', 'in', 'a', 'tanner', 'graph', 'for', 'c', 'such', 'that', 'there', 'exist', 'no', 'stopping', 'sets', 'of', 'size', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'minimum', 'distance', 'of', 'c', 'schwartz', 'and', 'vardy', 'conjectured', 'that', 'the', 'stopping', 'redundancy', 'of', 'an', 'mds', 'code', 'should', 'only', 'depend', 'on', 'its', 'length', 'and', 'minimum', 'distance', 'we', 'define', 'the', 'ntsingleexclusion', 'number', 'snt', 'as', 'the', 'smallest', 'number', 'of', 'tsubsets', 'of', 'an', 'nset', 'such', 'that', 'for', 'each', 'isubset', 'of', 'the', 'nset', 'i1t1', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'tsubset', 'that', 'contains', 'all', 'but', 'one', 'element', 'of', 'the', 'isubset', 'new', 'upper', 'bounds', 'on', 'the', 'singleexclusion', 'number', 'are', 'obtained', 'via', 'probabilistic', 'methods', 'recurrent', 'inequalities', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'explicit', 'constructions', 'the', 'new', 'bounds', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'better', 'understand', 'the', 'stopping', 'redundancy', 'of', 'mds', 'codes', 'in', 'particular', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'for', 'nknd1d', 'mds', 'codes', 'as', 'n', 'goes', 'to', 'infinity', 'the', 'stopping', 'redundancy', 'is', 'asymptotic', 'to', 'snd2', 'if', 'dosqrtn', 'or', 'if', 'kosqrtn', 'and', 'k', 'goes', 'to', 'infinity', 'thus', 'giving', 'partial', 'confirmation', 'of', 'the', 'schwartzvardy', 'conjecture', 'in', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'sense']] | [-0.164084518083768, 0.10942729545144789, -0.05219588494038529, 0.08592554110931729, -0.04502637634610415, -0.21083842328964517, 0.06626654194926943, 0.32311955477061444, -0.3004410322865791, -0.2699338080411083, 0.1373167000635191, -0.30723669667750286, -0.1020893826942957, 0.18621217597485382, -0.08519006420764522, 0.06204652883175805, 0.03512806671026807, 0.12219635323075766, -0.05249833745865383, -0.30589803304201535, 0.27529071430818963, 0.0818909292547418, 0.20205433050049304, 0.041897668806318, 0.07748434531224131, 0.001818207572021428, -0.0169429673824305, 0.04249485416789732, -0.1802333881607098, 0.06425703521928139, 0.26084862447746054, 0.24506074752790866, 0.2565972587347207, -0.3604925253632418, -0.1668663161576687, 0.1598039424066162, 0.1669991588738014, 0.06747890315046148, 0.012356791701774008, -0.15792480645254917, 0.14987029616318687, -0.14270085292646506, -0.102739976931187, -0.010176616599617978, 0.1101070915778669, 0.025345768365518537, -0.3145338720173614, -0.03855783552463172, 0.09717283268478429, 0.0629673516768728, 0.013265257580040475, -0.1823487889638843, -0.03871574086555936, 0.1180133182519617, 0.03791183881467131, 0.052460341976773676, 0.0297461333767285, -0.05091162774413576, -0.10725934383219671, 0.33390188619105926, -0.034563799269277655, -0.17777285869536402, 0.15994289684379417, -0.08010491397446738, -0.11091103402418277, 0.12025266219779143, 0.13656457899876775, 0.1265410879779622, -0.06787080513368521, 0.1216374747610111, -0.12188008276348901, 0.1542802935730688, 0.13886629056582261, 0.10688573280941784, 0.11527562884823281, 0.11274382186441864, 0.1527217860180697, 0.1346047323130997, -0.04504118167337846, -0.013773219223194839, -0.369318146043672, -0.1746915933571359, -0.23367258464468413, 0.06451925366962626, -0.16622205864086667, -0.2215084954095693, 0.30540098722186493, 0.1166818489516209, 0.19634888054439303, 0.12576534473970974, 0.21853664373390352, 0.061497792468637714, 0.10281245282523267, 0.1851012518260209, 0.15180602869102952, 0.15019817068138208, -0.03704025298797873, -0.2047795032412117, 0.0989839237103426, 0.1437041403935153] |
712.2858 | Threshold and Flavour Effects in the Renormalization Group Equations of
the MSSM I: Dimensionless Couplings | In a theory with broken supersymmetry, gaugino couplings renormalize
differently from gauge couplings, as do higgsino couplings from Higgs boson
couplings. As a result, we expect the gauge (Higgs boson) couplings and the
corresponding gaugino (higgsino) couplings to evolve to different values under
renormalization group evolution. We re-examine the renormalization group
equations (RGEs) for these couplings in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model (MSSM). To include threshold effects, we calculate the $\beta$-functions
using a sequence of (non-supersymmetric) effective theories with heavy
particles decoupled at the scale of their mass. We find that the difference
between the SM couplings and their SUSY cousins that is ignored in the
literature may be larger than two-loop effects which are included, and further
that renormalization group evolution induces a non-trivial flavour structure in
gaugino interactions. We present here the coupled set of RGEs for these
dimensionless gauge and "Yukawa"-type couplings. The RGEs for the dimensionful
SSB parameters of the MSSM will be presented in a companion paper.
| hep-ph | in a theory with broken supersymmetry gaugino couplings renormalize differently from gauge couplings as do higgsino couplings from higgs boson couplings as a result we expect the gauge higgs boson couplings and the corresponding gaugino higgsino couplings to evolve to different values under renormalization group evolution we reexamine the renormalization group equations rges for these couplings in the minimal supersymmetric standard model mssm to include threshold effects we calculate the betafunctions using a sequence of nonsupersymmetric effective theories with heavy particles decoupled at the scale of their mass we find that the difference between the sm couplings and their susy cousins that is ignored in the literature may be larger than twoloop effects which are included and further that renormalization group evolution induces a nontrivial flavour structure in gaugino interactions we present here the coupled set of rges for these dimensionless gauge and yukawatype couplings the rges for the dimensionful ssb parameters of the mssm will be presented in a companion paper | [['in', 'a', 'theory', 'with', 'broken', 'supersymmetry', 'gaugino', 'couplings', 'renormalize', 'differently', 'from', 'gauge', 'couplings', 'as', 'do', 'higgsino', 'couplings', 'from', 'higgs', 'boson', 'couplings', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'we', 'expect', 'the', 'gauge', 'higgs', 'boson', 'couplings', 'and', 'the', 'corresponding', 'gaugino', 'higgsino', 'couplings', 'to', 'evolve', 'to', 'different', 'values', 'under', 'renormalization', 'group', 'evolution', 'we', 'reexamine', 'the', 'renormalization', 'group', 'equations', 'rges', 'for', 'these', 'couplings', 'in', 'the', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'mssm', 'to', 'include', 'threshold', 'effects', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'betafunctions', 'using', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'nonsupersymmetric', 'effective', 'theories', 'with', 'heavy', 'particles', 'decoupled', 'at', 'the', 'scale', 'of', 'their', 'mass', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'the', 'sm', 'couplings', 'and', 'their', 'susy', 'cousins', 'that', 'is', 'ignored', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'may', 'be', 'larger', 'than', 'twoloop', 'effects', 'which', 'are', 'included', 'and', 'further', 'that', 'renormalization', 'group', 'evolution', 'induces', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'flavour', 'structure', 'in', 'gaugino', 'interactions', 'we', 'present', 'here', 'the', 'coupled', 'set', 'of', 'rges', 'for', 'these', 'dimensionless', 'gauge', 'and', 'yukawatype', 'couplings', 'the', 'rges', 'for', 'the', 'dimensionful', 'ssb', 'parameters', 'of', 'the', 'mssm', 'will', 'be', 'presented', 'in', 'a', 'companion', 'paper']] | [-0.15246616799763782, 0.30095391431579044, -0.041989140254574724, 0.1815562052170769, -0.12293000163705904, -0.18520388174600852, 0.024480913961191238, 0.33293866659054694, -0.19715805186740595, -0.2957425490481618, 0.016644877465700522, -0.2637613616096155, -0.08393909680990526, 0.09147195546114588, 0.039208485161379716, 0.029064387514311275, 0.0075911131495592634, -0.009682769338128927, -0.11106733679570212, -0.27585252861774034, 0.3394199228201659, -0.03327976349873445, 0.15566667941122972, 0.06767569499393569, 0.045025970205451925, -0.028374012870093186, 0.00839097365696719, -0.07407878630185201, -0.13546411076162326, 0.051118589440406655, 0.19493540239313412, -0.019908813561347348, 0.10472821653676852, -0.33733709183533067, -0.16011149492574694, 0.14529193257683037, 0.19046782098285117, 0.15141722229582452, -0.06566714838342626, -0.31273171019935864, 0.06779275798917185, -0.24586231907884257, -0.10383674320060599, -0.10490269417713546, -0.07359362530729009, -0.15069102008689056, -0.33152341653260886, 0.10049647206845147, -0.09814286512253736, 0.021080327775030407, 0.015600245239006149, -0.13342421413485514, -0.12817096774017922, 0.05436750383829169, 0.21343056411111588, -0.03808288617393025, 0.19788674673893386, -0.2220057087266289, -0.12349348246510843, 0.46159577549343217, -0.14662444495272975, -0.21883528383828146, 0.1705531576924302, -0.11299265300521603, -0.21259798041900926, 0.07421076641544516, 0.1937967949061091, 0.08309767116148623, -0.1809851564729247, 0.2679290561721212, -0.023071849747434443, 0.15460382011017682, 0.026005053922913416, 0.058662593490652525, 0.24374489746067995, 0.12041391335416263, 0.04495014121646729, 0.0250896483524645, 0.02967040164016739, -0.11466476027738809, -0.46311359755970816, -0.07274156667430091, -0.04565709187249641, 0.07225951155357316, -0.12889541076592537, -0.11430864399701449, 0.40623025150026804, 0.22003331338127294, 0.22637832792688528, 0.08577160022931496, 0.21161588766456893, 0.09982599239635791, 0.1552711109297327, 0.004864933743877451, 0.33996259042544774, 0.1285052686041497, 0.05909060772054219, -0.2780976315204307, -0.09887258639490162, 0.16065092796436797] |
712.2859 | Weak Gravity Conjecture for the Effective Field Theories with N Species | We conjecture an intrinsic UV cutoff for the validity of the effective field
theory with a large number of species coupled to gravity. In four dimensions
such a UV cutoff takes the form $\Lambda=\sqrt{\lambda/ N}M_p$ for $N$ scalar
fields with the same potential $\lambda \phi_i^4$, $i=1,...,N$. This conjecture
implies that the assisted chaotic inflation or N-flation might be in the
swampland, not in the landscape. Similarly a UV cutoff $\Lambda=gM_p/\sqrt{N}$
is conjectured for the U(1) gauge theory with $N$ species.
| hep-th astro-ph hep-ph | we conjecture an intrinsic uv cutoff for the validity of the effective field theory with a large number of species coupled to gravity in four dimensions such a uv cutoff takes the form lambdasqrtlambda nm_p for n scalar fields with the same potential lambda phi_i4 i1n this conjecture implies that the assisted chaotic inflation or nflation might be in the swampland not in the landscape similarly a uv cutoff lambdagm_psqrtn is conjectured for the u1 gauge theory with n species | [['we', 'conjecture', 'an', 'intrinsic', 'uv', 'cutoff', 'for', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'effective', 'field', 'theory', 'with', 'a', 'large', 'number', 'of', 'species', 'coupled', 'to', 'gravity', 'in', 'four', 'dimensions', 'such', 'a', 'uv', 'cutoff', 'takes', 'the', 'form', 'lambdasqrtlambda', 'nm_p', 'for', 'n', 'scalar', 'fields', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'potential', 'lambda', 'phi_i4', 'i1n', 'this', 'conjecture', 'implies', 'that', 'the', 'assisted', 'chaotic', 'inflation', 'or', 'nflation', 'might', 'be', 'in', 'the', 'swampland', 'not', 'in', 'the', 'landscape', 'similarly', 'a', 'uv', 'cutoff', 'lambdagm_psqrtn', 'is', 'conjectured', 'for', 'the', 'u1', 'gauge', 'theory', 'with', 'n', 'species']] | [-0.15490116366019815, 0.22864860363207348, -0.10509393627044598, 0.10244124417046183, -0.03659292615683578, -0.18179974462959522, -0.02461257049090866, 0.30534600037591236, -0.17134695002613098, -0.3030564602170336, 0.0242272134959134, -0.24331245337931537, -0.12263810291187838, 0.10394573830202908, -0.04763154771889707, -0.005344648079603519, -0.05188078223574465, 0.058988278756212244, 0.033712959336729624, -0.28896843595430255, 0.30765452320491404, 0.026148771658833874, 0.20685767422822354, 0.06186205409099593, 0.043348829690857155, -0.012491607223637402, 0.045641449457769726, 0.03037593421820355, -0.1327684514725613, 0.09628512753299315, 0.18752834388961723, 0.11075480179371018, 0.23565494394125908, -0.40536660345663367, -0.28476087787605237, 0.15878646312232472, 0.16207935395160397, 0.119095024597635, -0.042509240092170476, -0.2119951277824217, 0.030292165049008633, -0.12248645510561273, -0.21060304672880048, -0.006706913488941561, 0.03925442239912962, -0.07697307112577714, -0.34727994451225785, 0.053064177484836696, -0.005766436437720825, 0.06996084492972218, -0.04965129428494133, -0.06392452113428398, -0.03773758319010468, 0.05520039196677604, 0.12635917417202636, 0.06764939467202087, 0.07942802504342246, -0.21084983201121518, -0.07091739334588822, 0.3530379721992894, -0.15668248951337055, -0.16719300331131212, 0.18436582740028634, -0.1400523728386217, -0.18986796269095257, 0.1117861755651814, 0.0510398137710964, 0.12469350031920169, -0.09310856177226494, 0.23438667303784505, -0.042815412034734004, 0.17381671920271688, 0.1138627117891845, 0.0606300271863706, 0.27099304452636525, 0.09872693570918943, 0.05730261420831084, 0.08500453168495656, -0.028452778774264612, -0.07106843936306081, -0.38862614901001125, -0.12976553791055553, -0.1643716319507037, 0.1295185867839839, -0.16574405194995434, -0.1789763832501577, 0.3307108978746998, 0.12771510039486825, 0.1904143861274382, 0.08698721548640415, 0.19528896197382556, 0.13974929567254885, 0.10549936762790342, 0.05420844089607463, 0.24972156092132392, 0.12538941671434595, 0.05701253029799677, -0.23634199565889216, -0.09059358760714531, 0.10007792065459255] |
712.286 | Type II Small Stringy Black Holes, Probe Branes and Higher Derivative
Interactions | The near horizon geometry of a fundamental string wrapped around an S1
reduced to four dimensions is expected to be AdS2 x S2. A probe string analysis
suggests a no-force condition indicating supersymmetry, which coincides with
the condition that the AdS2 is embedded in AdS3. We therefore consider the bulk
string theory in terms of a WZW model on AdS3 following recent proposals by
Dabholkar et. al and Giveon et. al. We find that conformal symmetry of the
model naturally leads to the no-force constraints obtained from the probes.
Moreover, we are able to extract the values of the moduli that account for the
value of the microscopic entropy. We also investigate higher derivative
corrections of the form alpha'^3 R^4 + flux terms to the horizon, in the
context of type IIB supergravity. Imposing the no-force condition from the
probe analysis leads to a striking simplification of the equations of motion at
this order in alpha'. However, we argue that the value of the entropy can only
be determined by considering all orders in alpha'.
| hep-th | the near horizon geometry of a fundamental string wrapped around an s1 reduced to four dimensions is expected to be ads2 x s2 a probe string analysis suggests a noforce condition indicating supersymmetry which coincides with the condition that the ads2 is embedded in ads3 we therefore consider the bulk string theory in terms of a wzw model on ads3 following recent proposals by dabholkar et al and giveon et al we find that conformal symmetry of the model naturally leads to the noforce constraints obtained from the probes moreover we are able to extract the values of the moduli that account for the value of the microscopic entropy we also investigate higher derivative corrections of the form alpha3 r4 flux terms to the horizon in the context of type iib supergravity imposing the noforce condition from the probe analysis leads to a striking simplification of the equations of motion at this order in alpha however we argue that the value of the entropy can only be determined by considering all orders in alpha | [['the', 'near', 'horizon', 'geometry', 'of', 'a', 'fundamental', 'string', 'wrapped', 'around', 'an', 's1', 'reduced', 'to', 'four', 'dimensions', 'is', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'ads2', 'x', 's2', 'a', 'probe', 'string', 'analysis', 'suggests', 'a', 'noforce', 'condition', 'indicating', 'supersymmetry', 'which', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'condition', 'that', 'the', 'ads2', 'is', 'embedded', 'in', 'ads3', 'we', 'therefore', 'consider', 'the', 'bulk', 'string', 'theory', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'a', 'wzw', 'model', 'on', 'ads3', 'following', 'recent', 'proposals', 'by', 'dabholkar', 'et', 'al', 'and', 'giveon', 'et', 'al', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'conformal', 'symmetry', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'naturally', 'leads', 'to', 'the', 'noforce', 'constraints', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'probes', 'moreover', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'extract', 'the', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'moduli', 'that', 'account', 'for', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'microscopic', 'entropy', 'we', 'also', 'investigate', 'higher', 'derivative', 'corrections', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'alpha3', 'r4', 'flux', 'terms', 'to', 'the', 'horizon', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'type', 'iib', 'supergravity', 'imposing', 'the', 'noforce', 'condition', 'from', 'the', 'probe', 'analysis', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'striking', 'simplification', 'of', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'at', 'this', 'order', 'in', 'alpha', 'however', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'entropy', 'can', 'only', 'be', 'determined', 'by', 'considering', 'all', 'orders', 'in', 'alpha']] | [-0.13530384577628782, 0.10617368414018895, -0.06728461008965862, 0.06613064610102246, -0.06145792454748746, -0.10077936206837239, 0.007063595688468295, 0.2771994192300407, -0.20174280263419295, -0.2872824737502412, 0.10200192415805791, -0.2815677692268001, -0.13255187557694428, 0.13794507962469568, -0.09019084908228753, -0.006111714447598942, -0.023214935013976205, 0.061844935844085, -0.12274095322133909, -0.24226511955052485, 0.3248097592397411, 0.04852474233049942, 0.2770956420853477, 0.05502482175281079, 0.10275258407285758, -0.036238024226689564, 0.004572337509357724, 0.06034015949237449, -0.19077873876884188, 0.11908330963308998, 0.1978726903399474, 0.07426908409394238, 0.13476583746063855, -0.4396369059345332, -0.23296398605252133, 0.08785979976093439, 0.14279832897290332, 0.11751102648565717, 0.03507658819221067, -0.27454459244363955, 0.08272706704942145, -0.15403224075823252, -0.17271949658598537, -0.04789957762381394, 0.03263832442997687, -0.07342255421868664, -0.26453883792862465, 0.10214876393361376, 0.049956310270307315, -0.024710608935304756, -0.07777948493282472, -0.04861519520302121, -0.08898679826719065, 0.05490688546078986, 0.12819743095080893, 0.0783987976864901, 0.10988742468983, -0.15391190980973216, -0.10540263070831953, 0.35078049373502534, -0.07832709332491838, -0.18302634299579532, 0.1273988120300674, -0.15615154177501755, -0.1660847291029219, 0.12736148486266924, 0.09193676774583733, 0.14648786915704373, -0.12439723562813182, 0.17950751887194158, -0.0286204486693277, 0.16001429686579724, 0.09996726740474128, 0.05335446955614734, 0.24617521101394776, 0.10991828235390799, 0.03924789001071965, 0.137808642996443, -0.06439485811312608, -0.103164938724755, -0.3964050146644057, -0.1380848648968613, -0.11705805140148698, 0.10852006203280869, -0.14335034013685338, -0.1412243138538438, 0.3342041827874772, 0.13475472135454264, 0.23078523237450882, 0.035718904771365696, 0.182620780306986, 0.13632877364262252, 0.0628377650623563, 0.06979876520893612, 0.27453296042539865, 0.11728678661767908, 0.06717794027979668, -0.2468597290036536, -0.04002021259331177, 0.15667000164588293] |
712.2861 | A Reexamination of the Canonical Structure of the Einstein-Hilbert
Action in First-Order Form | A canonical analysis of the Einstein-Hilbert action S_d (d>2) is considered,
using the first order form with the metric and affine connection as independent
fields. We adopt a conservative approach to using the Dirac constraint
formalism; we do not use equations of motion which are independent of time
derivatives and correspond to first class constraints to eliminate fields.
Applying the Dirac procedure, we find that the primary constraints lead to
secondary constraints which are equations of motion not involving time
derivatives, and that those secondary constraints which are first class imply
novel tertiary constraints which are also first class. Once the constraints and
their associated gauge conditions are used to eliminate the non-dynamical
degrees of freedom in S_d, there are d(d-3) degrees of freedom left in phase
space. We also consider the simpler limiting case of the non-interacting
graviton in the first order formalism as well as the effect of adding the
action for a massless scalar field to the Einstein-Hilbert action.
| gr-qc | a canonical analysis of the einsteinhilbert action s_d d2 is considered using the first order form with the metric and affine connection as independent fields we adopt a conservative approach to using the dirac constraint formalism we do not use equations of motion which are independent of time derivatives and correspond to first class constraints to eliminate fields applying the dirac procedure we find that the primary constraints lead to secondary constraints which are equations of motion not involving time derivatives and that those secondary constraints which are first class imply novel tertiary constraints which are also first class once the constraints and their associated gauge conditions are used to eliminate the nondynamical degrees of freedom in s_d there are dd3 degrees of freedom left in phase space we also consider the simpler limiting case of the noninteracting graviton in the first order formalism as well as the effect of adding the action for a massless scalar field to the einsteinhilbert action | [['a', 'canonical', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'einsteinhilbert', 'action', 's_d', 'd2', 'is', 'considered', 'using', 'the', 'first', 'order', 'form', 'with', 'the', 'metric', 'and', 'affine', 'connection', 'as', 'independent', 'fields', 'we', 'adopt', 'a', 'conservative', 'approach', 'to', 'using', 'the', 'dirac', 'constraint', 'formalism', 'we', 'do', 'not', 'use', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'which', 'are', 'independent', 'of', 'time', 'derivatives', 'and', 'correspond', 'to', 'first', 'class', 'constraints', 'to', 'eliminate', 'fields', 'applying', 'the', 'dirac', 'procedure', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'primary', 'constraints', 'lead', 'to', 'secondary', 'constraints', 'which', 'are', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'not', 'involving', 'time', 'derivatives', 'and', 'that', 'those', 'secondary', 'constraints', 'which', 'are', 'first', 'class', 'imply', 'novel', 'tertiary', 'constraints', 'which', 'are', 'also', 'first', 'class', 'once', 'the', 'constraints', 'and', 'their', 'associated', 'gauge', 'conditions', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'eliminate', 'the', 'nondynamical', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'in', 's_d', 'there', 'are', 'dd3', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'left', 'in', 'phase', 'space', 'we', 'also', 'consider', 'the', 'simpler', 'limiting', 'case', 'of', 'the', 'noninteracting', 'graviton', 'in', 'the', 'first', 'order', 'formalism', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'adding', 'the', 'action', 'for', 'a', 'massless', 'scalar', 'field', 'to', 'the', 'einsteinhilbert', 'action']] | [-0.1579941006457824, 0.13771380009100898, -0.08096082280188753, 0.0374051818974822, -0.15122225582685875, -0.1201859891075457, -0.0021062274952131656, 0.31376138344453075, -0.2502354766000752, -0.3239403991833513, 0.08111095549696827, -0.25500085167471825, -0.16823749482505207, 0.12742007284692522, -0.030692477747912943, 0.016994170450754922, 0.010207961990360033, 0.08499153800607648, -0.099487257141183, -0.26086208016329937, 0.3606723512603361, 0.006820250334172153, 0.18787424209999082, 0.008692386456661753, 0.11842560038016534, 0.00029004339335693256, -0.012134693258292513, 0.0326331937281389, -0.11119443948000143, 0.07742689826732709, 0.18731762355561427, 0.08568517640468386, 0.20484502747493946, -0.4255424881882874, -0.2056780159962076, 0.11917766396611652, 0.11400793909302188, 0.12059090859659108, 0.01448980930850936, -0.2663101717803834, 0.05659379522640612, -0.17187782340211633, -0.13559189931285442, -0.09225279595817865, -0.02740634986943922, -0.014249284061844702, -0.2866711193367977, 0.09484812020817139, 0.06579513253894186, -0.007238685202290431, -0.09048004779550764, -0.1078425541140691, -0.06013931161264119, 0.11461363239558758, 0.10330941063929694, 0.024954044478543012, 0.10446339350964093, -0.12348332757670662, -0.10083237800956991, 0.4369338661501253, -0.09727294042413295, -0.2754191413383793, 0.15129359286956856, -0.12166170006686891, -0.18400185450014692, 0.1191429996713536, 0.1696552491263935, 0.1754966630473917, -0.19315288674638229, 0.11951358445465887, 0.007144450451488848, 0.10586740054121171, 0.0774484436246164, 0.08974135473491279, 0.197328314639306, 0.06280205422368498, 0.08568100745209067, 0.12362816085303087, -0.03374712778877662, -0.1264985150191933, -0.38766043405565953, -0.13988966053287263, -0.11999919187898438, 0.04044839445545401, -0.081765188682856, -0.13295688750337303, 0.3600092178891861, 0.15656180113099838, 0.15621350537468162, 0.06500512216797812, 0.25587866737012877, 0.1588612633310316, 0.08712084693719208, 0.047915248536608286, 0.24045285840380798, 0.14730985600064384, 0.03295125880129175, -0.20430484741931942, -0.037568651858349275, 0.09486426702947759] |
712.2862 | Revealing Cosmic Magnetism with Radio Polarimetry | While gravitation sustains the on-going evolution of the cosmos, it is
magnetism that breaks gravity's symmetry and that provides the pathway to the
non-thermal Universe. By enabling processes such as anisotropic pressure
support, particle acceleration, and jet collimation, magnetism has for billions
of years regulated the feedback vital for returning matter to the interstellar
and intergalactic medium. After reviewing recent results that demonstrate the
unique view of magnetic fields provided by radio astronomy, I explain how the
Square Kilometre Array will provide data that will reveal what cosmic magnets
look like, how they formed, and what role they have played in the evolving
Universe.
| astro-ph | while gravitation sustains the ongoing evolution of the cosmos it is magnetism that breaks gravitys symmetry and that provides the pathway to the nonthermal universe by enabling processes such as anisotropic pressure support particle acceleration and jet collimation magnetism has for billions of years regulated the feedback vital for returning matter to the interstellar and intergalactic medium after reviewing recent results that demonstrate the unique view of magnetic fields provided by radio astronomy i explain how the square kilometre array will provide data that will reveal what cosmic magnets look like how they formed and what role they have played in the evolving universe | [['while', 'gravitation', 'sustains', 'the', 'ongoing', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'cosmos', 'it', 'is', 'magnetism', 'that', 'breaks', 'gravitys', 'symmetry', 'and', 'that', 'provides', 'the', 'pathway', 'to', 'the', 'nonthermal', 'universe', 'by', 'enabling', 'processes', 'such', 'as', 'anisotropic', 'pressure', 'support', 'particle', 'acceleration', 'and', 'jet', 'collimation', 'magnetism', 'has', 'for', 'billions', 'of', 'years', 'regulated', 'the', 'feedback', 'vital', 'for', 'returning', 'matter', 'to', 'the', 'interstellar', 'and', 'intergalactic', 'medium', 'after', 'reviewing', 'recent', 'results', 'that', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'unique', 'view', 'of', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'provided', 'by', 'radio', 'astronomy', 'i', 'explain', 'how', 'the', 'square', 'kilometre', 'array', 'will', 'provide', 'data', 'that', 'will', 'reveal', 'what', 'cosmic', 'magnets', 'look', 'like', 'how', 'they', 'formed', 'and', 'what', 'role', 'they', 'have', 'played', 'in', 'the', 'evolving', 'universe']] | [-0.12092538949890205, 0.2042122108015554, -0.09294605342886196, 0.1070275622511802, -0.1349628471966403, -0.07658817028053679, -0.032442979102667704, 0.40807329397648573, -0.23854942684724498, -0.33063646448471656, 0.0895310575439138, -0.25647724606096745, -0.11585623582896705, 0.18641119425816355, 0.05982352795455462, -0.06915816392462987, 0.020969126785460573, -0.06984170480343611, 0.015787321124942258, -0.2851725356138279, 0.3126256424192644, 0.19470199696325624, 0.23913164451145208, 0.04945884363125795, 0.11040574809493801, -0.04050205213458797, -0.06873657152755186, 0.010131571156447396, -0.12402575160180837, 0.04676962224542736, 0.22480109091086958, 0.1851192719097106, 0.2794891757389101, -0.5166813195145761, -0.2625805974508134, 0.07209838099795608, 0.18188678620096582, 0.06592793256948845, -0.1542768368515401, -0.2604678766981054, 0.027767242731687684, -0.15511895269334602, -0.19333369340389395, -0.059411181361960747, 0.021132713913595162, 0.014326494799643815, -0.17686373049666423, 0.05786731448740913, 0.05642662057317256, 0.027542998763517693, -0.06005272956770988, -0.06376338134913777, -0.018145262174165018, 0.13823297378033972, 0.07291895760135958, 0.09486197369047798, 0.2087470373830561, -0.19063968482973556, -0.10257204766653907, 0.43708963351897323, -0.026919800694136378, -0.027098460221448198, 0.1681485402335126, -0.21091618502620035, -0.14782130567786786, 0.11812297734342372, 0.14979088507691182, -0.01077134648221545, -0.1397352275744197, 0.0581131199567328, 0.0026067684520967305, 0.1243064272387598, 0.02791816675856423, 0.09030955559753168, 0.36735161036127606, 0.1763282403766285, 0.05229670220153192, 0.07122760682250373, -0.07822189095000234, -0.05100205462748328, -0.2722824457047794, -0.1444617975682307, -0.15173522212381402, 0.09855424293961662, -0.08047077167597869, -0.11567224506646968, 0.34175043065065086, 0.1877100718422578, 0.10864567614267938, -0.048099024333238885, 0.26587350652642694, 0.0016686765985258927, 0.05919797983929479, 0.10416325887378591, 0.31227813677217525, 0.1513318652880396, 0.19182723696800308, -0.2187043789621944, 0.06352037006581668, 9.304583251762849e-05] |
712.2863 | The Skorokhod problem in a time-dependent interval | We consider the Skorokhod problem in a time-varying interval. We prove
existence and uniqueness for the solution. We also express the solution in
terms of an explicit formula. Moving boundaries may generate singularities when
they touch. We establish two sets of sufficient conditions on the moving
boundaries that guarantee that the variation of the local time of the
associated reflected Brownian motion is, respectively, finite and infinite. We
also apply these results to study the semimartingale property of a class of
two-dimensional reflected Brownian motions.
| math.PR | we consider the skorokhod problem in a timevarying interval we prove existence and uniqueness for the solution we also express the solution in terms of an explicit formula moving boundaries may generate singularities when they touch we establish two sets of sufficient conditions on the moving boundaries that guarantee that the variation of the local time of the associated reflected brownian motion is respectively finite and infinite we also apply these results to study the semimartingale property of a class of twodimensional reflected brownian motions | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'skorokhod', 'problem', 'in', 'a', 'timevarying', 'interval', 'we', 'prove', 'existence', 'and', 'uniqueness', 'for', 'the', 'solution', 'we', 'also', 'express', 'the', 'solution', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'an', 'explicit', 'formula', 'moving', 'boundaries', 'may', 'generate', 'singularities', 'when', 'they', 'touch', 'we', 'establish', 'two', 'sets', 'of', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'on', 'the', 'moving', 'boundaries', 'that', 'guarantee', 'that', 'the', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'time', 'of', 'the', 'associated', 'reflected', 'brownian', 'motion', 'is', 'respectively', 'finite', 'and', 'infinite', 'we', 'also', 'apply', 'these', 'results', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'semimartingale', 'property', 'of', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'twodimensional', 'reflected', 'brownian', 'motions']] | [-0.15505380683085498, 0.10173236362461466, -0.09438410498859251, 0.08061821071348865, -0.08778413910802235, -0.08653803695650662, 0.03933821126804961, 0.4025601143565248, -0.3181394961388672, -0.21023650609833353, 0.15394938378320897, -0.2574798365671407, -0.157865570085671, 0.1686821692458847, -0.13056173265418586, 0.036910591362153786, 0.07346856142942082, 0.04499977044761181, -0.04730027302798322, -0.21482840796439526, 0.30082689382355005, -0.0719946386073442, 0.22448593844823977, 0.07138728490647148, 0.1673369316055494, 0.014334039543481433, -0.03284308291588198, 0.05586856411263237, -0.19574864991368754, 0.10481466792167766, 0.19019335727481282, 0.05641462480485001, 0.2719564629170825, -0.43957353197038174, -0.16769295393982353, 0.15749286423053813, 0.11550384402713355, 0.07672399695524398, -0.053927773381035556, -0.3022536838975023, 0.09711526105563868, -0.09592676282695987, -0.22231599971761598, -0.05604250287527547, 0.01794128205955905, 0.06790910104823791, -0.2664463724174044, 0.0830046514644945, 0.13159784901996746, 0.024150032451485885, -0.17079720505896737, -0.013246508222073317, -0.008911585265441852, 0.15045635381829925, 0.05798739224590142, -0.05290172619690352, 0.07369276939562577, -0.09777568983229096, -0.12896066388690516, 0.3563241801169865, -0.08503314604544464, -0.28624793635407353, 0.208895742550821, -0.17523224709884208, -0.12470168465584078, 0.12163881749352988, 0.18656348205883713, 0.15777676190413972, -0.15514231332225095, 0.1191293656867107, -0.0871611143955413, 0.08556313601267689, 0.11862954102894839, 0.031092474815052222, 0.13742579559192938, 0.09428755378295832, 0.17455452703596913, 0.19242763899759774, -0.08021860316957292, -0.12448147608186393, -0.37898302554865093, -0.19583028982503012, -0.1478192889734226, 0.04408303350758026, -0.12716642097152275, -0.22478079605190193, 0.35767959535998456, 0.1710165993981611, 0.1984765209038468, 0.11439205505611265, 0.20154546035782378, 0.1735391248640714, -0.06583312542232521, 0.07793958570041201, 0.16028601756209837, 0.11314841535161524, 0.07465653222821214, -0.2056163123151397, 0.05825547912322423, 0.136889843067483] |
712.2864 | Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in the Dilepton Channel using a Matrix
Element Method and Neuroevolution Selection with 2.0 fb$^{-1}$ | This paper has been removed from the preprint server pursuent to
collaboration policy, and is available elsewhere.
| hep-ex | this paper has been removed from the preprint server pursuent to collaboration policy and is available elsewhere | [['this', 'paper', 'has', 'been', 'removed', 'from', 'the', 'preprint', 'server', 'pursuent', 'to', 'collaboration', 'policy', 'and', 'is', 'available', 'elsewhere']] | [-0.0644518060144037, 0.03281641815556213, -0.1768155919853598, -0.042497329879552126, -0.18186467862688005, -0.15023893723264337, 0.10937880125857191, 0.4150787442922592, -0.22795128857251257, -0.31467344029806554, 0.17082086903974414, -0.3420022988866549, -0.08954511221963912, 0.11921678695944138, -0.2005255890544504, 0.08456122176721692, 0.12329552369192243, 0.0452424279646948, 0.08513378835050389, -0.34227512136567384, 0.3351477871183306, 0.2061687100213021, 0.2817671145312488, 0.10779590695165098, 0.001500901926192455, -0.07732263885554858, -0.12229662307072431, 0.01803837693296373, -0.1455025803297758, 0.06644931813934818, 0.32518545794300735, 0.17421681391715538, 0.30472376191755757, -0.39337049156893045, -0.12826567783486098, 0.12157092909910716, 0.1808687067241408, 0.18718352622818202, -0.07963695906801149, -0.36060164822265506, 0.1408969085314311, -0.3388704671524465, -0.05278645938960835, 0.023116729920729995, 0.05048077611718327, -0.06245637033134699, -0.20863981149159372, -0.0332400340703316, -0.04778653499670327, 0.09026635624468327, 0.009115323657169938, -0.15403341921046376, -0.035919549816753715, 0.19711749185808003, 0.12935897351417225, 0.1946058060566429, 0.10812880040612072, 0.023120557772926986, -0.09615060675423592, 0.3173832033062354, 0.04180031910073012, -0.07658940367400646, 0.1528086029466067, -0.057172286964487284, -0.2589121136988979, 0.08054623752832413, 0.1978307492681779, 0.00126225920394063, -0.3315428649657406, 0.19515981705262675, -0.12275179149582982, 0.15996450488455594, 0.11854454141575843, -0.07774167010211386, 0.06286720850039274, 0.15657740784808993, 0.03797809415846132, 0.14533616206608713, 0.006467974046245217, -0.06675190222449601, -0.22614829684607685, -0.09712332999333739, -0.289715928491205, -0.006000243243761361, 0.1288362724308172, -0.01647098478861153, 0.3532845835434273, 0.1682303783018142, 0.11318686883896589, -0.017739484552294016, 0.35791820334270597, 0.09667395142605528, 0.11389546527061611, 0.15114887496747542, 0.23166554467752576, -0.009771623896085657, 0.2714402799028903, -0.04042878405016381, 0.1744152811006643, 0.032445256132632494] |
712.2865 | New Frontiers in Cosmology and Galaxy Formation: Challenges for the
Future | (Abridged) Cosmology faces three distinct challenges in the next decade. (1)
The dark sector, both dark matter and dark energy, dominates the Universe. Key
questions include determining the nature of both. Improved observational probes
are crucial. (2) Galaxy formation was initiated at around the epoch of
reionization: we need to understand how and when as well as to develop probes
of earlier epochs. (3) Our simple dark matter-driven picture of galaxy assembly
is seemingly at odds with several observational results, including the presence
of ULIRGS at high z, the `downsizing' signature, chemical signatures of
alpha-element ratios and suggestions that merging may not be important in
defining the Hubble sequence. Understanding the physical implications is a
major challenge for theorists and refiniing the observational uncertainties a
major goal for observers.
| astro-ph | abridged cosmology faces three distinct challenges in the next decade 1 the dark sector both dark matter and dark energy dominates the universe key questions include determining the nature of both improved observational probes are crucial 2 galaxy formation was initiated at around the epoch of reionization we need to understand how and when as well as to develop probes of earlier epochs 3 our simple dark matterdriven picture of galaxy assembly is seemingly at odds with several observational results including the presence of ulirgs at high z the downsizing signature chemical signatures of alphaelement ratios and suggestions that merging may not be important in defining the hubble sequence understanding the physical implications is a major challenge for theorists and refiniing the observational uncertainties a major goal for observers | [['abridged', 'cosmology', 'faces', 'three', 'distinct', 'challenges', 'in', 'the', 'next', 'decade', '1', 'the', 'dark', 'sector', 'both', 'dark', 'matter', 'and', 'dark', 'energy', 'dominates', 'the', 'universe', 'key', 'questions', 'include', 'determining', 'the', 'nature', 'of', 'both', 'improved', 'observational', 'probes', 'are', 'crucial', '2', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'was', 'initiated', 'at', 'around', 'the', 'epoch', 'of', 'reionization', 'we', 'need', 'to', 'understand', 'how', 'and', 'when', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'to', 'develop', 'probes', 'of', 'earlier', 'epochs', '3', 'our', 'simple', 'dark', 'matterdriven', 'picture', 'of', 'galaxy', 'assembly', 'is', 'seemingly', 'at', 'odds', 'with', 'several', 'observational', 'results', 'including', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'ulirgs', 'at', 'high', 'z', 'the', 'downsizing', 'signature', 'chemical', 'signatures', 'of', 'alphaelement', 'ratios', 'and', 'suggestions', 'that', 'merging', 'may', 'not', 'be', 'important', 'in', 'defining', 'the', 'hubble', 'sequence', 'understanding', 'the', 'physical', 'implications', 'is', 'a', 'major', 'challenge', 'for', 'theorists', 'and', 'refiniing', 'the', 'observational', 'uncertainties', 'a', 'major', 'goal', 'for', 'observers']] | [-0.08882858162542107, 0.11692988211871125, -0.09714817543135723, 0.14375416385837525, -0.09984429471660405, -0.09725419652022538, -0.02598884596318385, 0.3592644093296258, -0.17867851512164634, -0.38733495690394193, 0.07618092120901565, -0.2537774662159791, -0.059103050123667344, 0.17492169355682563, -0.011943170313315932, -0.012953169850334234, 0.02580065117146546, -0.08585760591086, -0.0037774957072542747, -0.30435798555936344, 0.33483927351699094, 0.11874307677862816, 0.1967444147644528, 0.040091325153298385, 0.04956463703274494, -0.06651407223034767, -0.1298036999614851, -0.02963292889035074, -0.17698988975308794, 0.029032659440417774, 0.27724176496849395, 0.16549843302345835, 0.27898696574993664, -0.40268216012918856, -0.21548634943610523, 0.14134470060525928, 0.21191882224957226, 0.10162179543840466, -0.11073176815261832, -0.24007414873267408, 0.050254631154530216, -0.1487034056963239, -0.14804818249103846, 0.02176207799493568, 0.00628242852690164, -0.03464752799845883, -0.18699388475261003, 0.12317379596788669, 0.0006247200262805563, 0.012679893152380828, -0.10111769758077571, -0.12579202949928003, -0.007247854624438332, 0.12645425110099495, 0.07118274883305276, 0.06025274221246946, 0.17302569446110283, -0.21400885564798955, -0.11954002480342751, 0.4467597954935627, -0.06457192948073498, -0.006015218395987176, 0.2373574053226548, -0.1841617001700797, -0.22357983613255783, 0.06323583819721534, 0.1182833876616769, 0.022777071528253146, -0.12872585677780535, 0.038445593059805105, 0.03686314696642512, 0.1533824881844339, 0.022435339805269905, 0.05829216868755793, 0.39418620213109534, 0.1903448248613131, 0.027422331244451925, 0.005892290705560299, -0.09584384710979066, -0.058014149453811115, -0.3175271228355996, -0.12641487376822624, -0.10117158715002006, 0.06454564045282041, -0.12190268015501715, -0.07697627447487321, 0.36213111330289394, 0.13834969755862403, 0.22098186287257704, 0.00565969953458989, 0.3221462274668738, 0.005183681033486209, 0.04364308987351251, 0.030131903607980348, 0.27946404929389246, 0.1389519283438858, 0.10122090219374513, -0.2116689589456655, 0.09908640933281276, -0.01605677427687624] |
712.2866 | On Ext-indices of ring extensions | In this paper we are concerned with the finiteness property of Ext-indices of
several ring extensions. In this direction, we introduce some conjectures and
discuss the relationship of them. Also we give affirmative answers to these
conjectures in some special cases. Furthermore, we prove that the trivial
extension of an Artinian local ring by its residue class field is always of
finite Ext-index and we show that the Auslander-Reiten conjecture is true for
this type of rings.
| math.AC math.RA | in this paper we are concerned with the finiteness property of extindices of several ring extensions in this direction we introduce some conjectures and discuss the relationship of them also we give affirmative answers to these conjectures in some special cases furthermore we prove that the trivial extension of an artinian local ring by its residue class field is always of finite extindex and we show that the auslanderreiten conjecture is true for this type of rings | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'are', 'concerned', 'with', 'the', 'finiteness', 'property', 'of', 'extindices', 'of', 'several', 'ring', 'extensions', 'in', 'this', 'direction', 'we', 'introduce', 'some', 'conjectures', 'and', 'discuss', 'the', 'relationship', 'of', 'them', 'also', 'we', 'give', 'affirmative', 'answers', 'to', 'these', 'conjectures', 'in', 'some', 'special', 'cases', 'furthermore', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'trivial', 'extension', 'of', 'an', 'artinian', 'local', 'ring', 'by', 'its', 'residue', 'class', 'field', 'is', 'always', 'of', 'finite', 'extindex', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'auslanderreiten', 'conjecture', 'is', 'true', 'for', 'this', 'type', 'of', 'rings']] | [-0.1868297118569414, 0.02998919786749563, -0.07470175990213951, 0.10177238426326464, -0.06966627058883508, -0.15601166512196263, -0.03759766434474538, 0.3893820678194364, -0.33717654695734384, -0.18896387957036495, 0.12234988554536054, -0.22186714384704828, -0.17995137316485246, 0.1708021037032207, -0.16068933926212292, -0.04405523661601667, 0.026278959543754657, 0.07952922321856022, -0.06324310872082908, -0.3591079703656336, 0.4045485065877438, -0.02013323376576106, 0.1738664499577135, 0.13917100311567385, 0.053353937038530905, 0.016802370535830658, -0.024717564322054388, 0.04332241798923254, -0.21185345422573543, 0.15672636749921368, 0.2672375119974216, 0.12511558444239199, 0.261639783680439, -0.39827628872046866, -0.09290020669189593, 0.17775508494426806, 0.13384200848056935, 0.10700320241041482, -0.08125419383092473, -0.21498884971874455, 0.19473880959053835, -0.18894897726674875, -0.20335669696641465, -0.0706635614670813, 0.05759230729813377, 0.03346039795627197, -0.22028866627564034, 0.030410693507874384, 0.18072463100155195, 0.13909657598783573, -0.09448988652012001, -0.0672811542203029, 0.06188480549181501, 0.046049299289782845, 0.07924278020237883, -0.036244420353323224, 0.030610180534422396, -0.13986183817498385, -0.13228375503948578, 0.3224499942486485, -0.045548975633767745, -0.17858781799984474, 0.15614088898524642, -0.17956136803453168, -0.19194058183891077, 0.05171914768250038, 0.061149248853325844, 0.1503241505427286, -0.052861509323120115, 0.16460413738929977, -0.21553832822789748, 0.06639540962874889, 0.10043947852682322, 0.05015219575415055, 0.1471752412430942, 0.051936195412029824, 0.09304108068269366, 0.2050948937982321, -0.01087806407090587, -0.0288135997330149, -0.3740316712235411, -0.23650164836396773, -0.09213737912476062, 0.08435613284508388, -0.049529542345165586, -0.1508887151007851, 0.4470078253249327, 0.20857217139254014, 0.18758961392954612, 0.13027133739242952, 0.21209822185337543, 0.068369924860696, 0.011358114425092936, 0.058096334636211396, 0.17261297366659467, 0.19887989048225185, -0.0005476680522163709, -0.14782254625111818, 0.008395465773840744, 0.13578795964519183] |
712.2867 | Magic N=2 supergravities from hyper-free superstrings | We show by explicit construction the existence of various four dimensional
models of type II superstrings with N=2 supersymmetry, purely vector multiplet
spectrum and no hypermultiplets. Among these, two are of special interest, at
the field theory level they correspond to the two exceptional N=2
supergravities of the magic square that have the same massless scalar field
content as pure N=6 supergravity and N=3 supergravity coupled to three extra
vector multiplets. The N=2 model of the magic square that is associated to N=6
supergravity is very peculiar since not only the scalar degrees of freedom but
all the bosonic massless degrees of freedom are the same in both theories.
All presented hyper-free N=2 models are based on asymmetric orbifold
constructions with N=(4,1) world-sheet superconformal symmetry and utilize the
2d fermionic construction techniques. The two exceptional N=2 models of the
magic square are constructed via a "twisting mechanism" that eliminates the
extra gravitini of the N=6 and N=3 extended supergravities and creates at the
same time the extra spin-1/2 fermions and spin-1 gauge bosons which are
necessary to balance the numbers of bosons and fermions. Theories of the magic
square with the same amount of supersymmetry in three and five space-time
dimensions are constructed as well, via stringy reduction and oxidation from
the corresponding four-dimensional models.
| hep-th | we show by explicit construction the existence of various four dimensional models of type ii superstrings with n2 supersymmetry purely vector multiplet spectrum and no hypermultiplets among these two are of special interest at the field theory level they correspond to the two exceptional n2 supergravities of the magic square that have the same massless scalar field content as pure n6 supergravity and n3 supergravity coupled to three extra vector multiplets the n2 model of the magic square that is associated to n6 supergravity is very peculiar since not only the scalar degrees of freedom but all the bosonic massless degrees of freedom are the same in both theories all presented hyperfree n2 models are based on asymmetric orbifold constructions with n41 worldsheet superconformal symmetry and utilize the 2d fermionic construction techniques the two exceptional n2 models of the magic square are constructed via a twisting mechanism that eliminates the extra gravitini of the n6 and n3 extended supergravities and creates at the same time the extra spin12 fermions and spin1 gauge bosons which are necessary to balance the numbers of bosons and fermions theories of the magic square with the same amount of supersymmetry in three and five spacetime dimensions are constructed as well via stringy reduction and oxidation from the corresponding fourdimensional models | [['we', 'show', 'by', 'explicit', 'construction', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'various', 'four', 'dimensional', 'models', 'of', 'type', 'ii', 'superstrings', 'with', 'n2', 'supersymmetry', 'purely', 'vector', 'multiplet', 'spectrum', 'and', 'no', 'hypermultiplets', 'among', 'these', 'two', 'are', 'of', 'special', 'interest', 'at', 'the', 'field', 'theory', 'level', 'they', 'correspond', 'to', 'the', 'two', 'exceptional', 'n2', 'supergravities', 'of', 'the', 'magic', 'square', 'that', 'have', 'the', 'same', 'massless', 'scalar', 'field', 'content', 'as', 'pure', 'n6', 'supergravity', 'and', 'n3', 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712.2868 | The Two-Impurity Anderson Model at Quantum Criticality | We propose a realization of the two-impurity Anderson model in a double
quantum-dot device. When charge transfer between the dots is suppressed the
system exhibits a quantum phase transition, controlled by a surface of
non-Fermi liquid fixed points parameterized by the charge valences of the dots.
Employing conformal field theory techniques, we identify the scaling exponents
that govern transport and thermodynamics close to criticality. We also
determine the dynamical exponents that set the time scale for buildup of the
non-Fermi liquid state after the system is suddenly shifted into the critical
region, e.g. by a change of a nearby gate voltage.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mes-hall | we propose a realization of the twoimpurity anderson model in a double quantumdot device when charge transfer between the dots is suppressed the system exhibits a quantum phase transition controlled by a surface of nonfermi liquid fixed points parameterized by the charge valences of the dots employing conformal field theory techniques we identify the scaling exponents that govern transport and thermodynamics close to criticality we also determine the dynamical exponents that set the time scale for buildup of the nonfermi liquid state after the system is suddenly shifted into the critical region eg by a change of a nearby gate voltage | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'realization', 'of', 'the', 'twoimpurity', 'anderson', 'model', 'in', 'a', 'double', 'quantumdot', 'device', 'when', 'charge', 'transfer', 'between', 'the', 'dots', 'is', 'suppressed', 'the', 'system', 'exhibits', 'a', 'quantum', 'phase', 'transition', 'controlled', 'by', 'a', 'surface', 'of', 'nonfermi', 'liquid', 'fixed', 'points', 'parameterized', 'by', 'the', 'charge', 'valences', 'of', 'the', 'dots', 'employing', 'conformal', 'field', 'theory', 'techniques', 'we', 'identify', 'the', 'scaling', 'exponents', 'that', 'govern', 'transport', 'and', 'thermodynamics', 'close', 'to', 'criticality', 'we', 'also', 'determine', 'the', 'dynamical', 'exponents', 'that', 'set', 'the', 'time', 'scale', 'for', 'buildup', 'of', 'the', 'nonfermi', 'liquid', 'state', 'after', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'suddenly', 'shifted', 'into', 'the', 'critical', 'region', 'eg', 'by', 'a', 'change', 'of', 'a', 'nearby', 'gate', 'voltage']] | [-0.17968861727126975, 0.23278752530897312, -0.08940492534438277, 0.01666512810809556, 0.055548177079970736, -0.2252688006311194, 0.13514065392209346, 0.3072280670345604, -0.28235993025326495, -0.2535113409936133, 0.019661125084984642, -0.3090909483409164, -0.166087592122062, 0.18342164352231907, 0.00861213711006244, 0.04837020121441029, -0.0606693967734233, -0.02033158960189707, -0.12947118708790087, -0.15524925671444081, 0.34040007219732843, 0.011573029224447315, 0.2867526614872536, 0.053667986979892494, 0.07490218736736753, -0.005433591792710347, 0.11958500018140467, 0.03714894274212789, -0.16672478745288635, 0.01322930552397329, 0.2248596193368021, -0.03533808575334525, 0.21725709268229376, -0.409620382196021, -0.20664871223086473, 0.052445532322981124, 0.127125053364976, 0.11982843274536478, -0.05858632491320593, -0.2899466674811769, 0.06273137366786452, -0.16192654532260528, -0.15382884832394153, -0.060992846062572874, 0.006023017852106086, 0.00014595693786453344, -0.23917647487239563, 0.07501388523505198, 0.05434078519090798, 0.055771767724268506, -0.03270135085227539, -0.023025376231197527, -0.01934570152229528, 0.14249602088757726, 0.0005999123112824146, 0.04743633385157526, 0.24098142939573614, -0.1572752997076305, -0.12974372964195613, 0.32747367798987004, -0.02972342793502393, -0.1175109973306408, 0.13601132930892676, -0.1954915358150138, -0.06841933986835994, 0.15092852631915765, 0.11651030323919978, 0.07583632743640775, -0.13289570203814585, 0.10626550935298702, -0.01107616335301116, 0.18799187979974444, 0.0032179654405295553, 0.027612421219006623, 0.28461250415680434, 0.1979201283319715, 0.05870484826293322, 0.16988877333368702, -0.09667416667510377, -0.15191731523574875, -0.30088313032255165, -0.16496219403931114, -0.21416834106502852, 0.09784187313335219, -0.09944735462809014, -0.1840750768568625, 0.4289060048851194, 0.134726635131283, 0.204893430870137, -0.009198407688648394, 0.1987997891962307, 0.17898276470048874, 0.06247725104452065, 0.047574096748900445, 0.197322672750515, 0.14151329046235153, 0.11054908068006913, -0.33172861002454773, 0.02936698238038006, 0.1106781141260768] |
712.2869 | Density estimation in linear time | We consider the problem of choosing a density estimate from a set of
distributions F, minimizing the L1-distance to an unknown distribution
(Devroye, Lugosi 2001). Devroye and Lugosi analyze two algorithms for the
problem: Scheffe tournament winner and minimum distance estimate. The Scheffe
tournament estimate requires fewer computations than the minimum distance
estimate, but has strictly weaker guarantees than the latter.
We focus on the computational aspect of density estimation. We present two
algorithms, both with the same guarantee as the minimum distance estimate. The
first one, a modification of the minimum distance estimate, uses the same
number (quadratic in |F|) of computations as the Scheffe tournament. The second
one, called ``efficient minimum loss-weight estimate,'' uses only a linear
number of computations, assuming that F is preprocessed.
We also give examples showing that the guarantees of the algorithms cannot be
improved and explore randomized algorithms for density estimation.
| cs.LG | we consider the problem of choosing a density estimate from a set of distributions f minimizing the l1distance to an unknown distribution devroye lugosi 2001 devroye and lugosi analyze two algorithms for the problem scheffe tournament winner and minimum distance estimate the scheffe tournament estimate requires fewer computations than the minimum distance estimate but has strictly weaker guarantees than the latter we focus on the computational aspect of density estimation we present two algorithms both with the same guarantee as the minimum distance estimate the first one a modification of the minimum distance estimate uses the same number quadratic in f of computations as the scheffe tournament the second one called efficient minimum lossweight estimate uses only a linear number of computations assuming that f is preprocessed we also give examples showing that the guarantees of the algorithms cannot be improved and explore randomized algorithms for density estimation | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'choosing', 'a', 'density', 'estimate', 'from', 'a', 'set', 'of', 'distributions', 'f', 'minimizing', 'the', 'l1distance', 'to', 'an', 'unknown', 'distribution', 'devroye', 'lugosi', '2001', 'devroye', 'and', 'lugosi', 'analyze', 'two', 'algorithms', 'for', 'the', 'problem', 'scheffe', 'tournament', 'winner', 'and', 'minimum', 'distance', 'estimate', 'the', 'scheffe', 'tournament', 'estimate', 'requires', 'fewer', 'computations', 'than', 'the', 'minimum', 'distance', 'estimate', 'but', 'has', 'strictly', 'weaker', 'guarantees', 'than', 'the', 'latter', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'computational', 'aspect', 'of', 'density', 'estimation', 'we', 'present', 'two', 'algorithms', 'both', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'guarantee', 'as', 'the', 'minimum', 'distance', 'estimate', 'the', 'first', 'one', 'a', 'modification', 'of', 'the', 'minimum', 'distance', 'estimate', 'uses', 'the', 'same', 'number', 'quadratic', 'in', 'f', 'of', 'computations', 'as', 'the', 'scheffe', 'tournament', 'the', 'second', 'one', 'called', 'efficient', 'minimum', 'lossweight', 'estimate', 'uses', 'only', 'a', 'linear', 'number', 'of', 'computations', 'assuming', 'that', 'f', 'is', 'preprocessed', 'we', 'also', 'give', 'examples', 'showing', 'that', 'the', 'guarantees', 'of', 'the', 'algorithms', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'improved', 'and', 'explore', 'randomized', 'algorithms', 'for', 'density', 'estimation']] | [-0.12676250145965684, 0.031458048062730185, -0.1009408030847742, 0.10888835071897562, -0.0704998887911741, -0.16403001541825565, 0.08534229592564893, 0.33608280398373214, -0.2413280310574919, -0.36427336701544355, 0.12391088069086215, -0.27482810958187925, -0.12166491934574977, 0.16758161876979913, -0.0908329226233921, 0.06732807447504555, 0.06888676138997481, 0.0783453430552539, -0.08850373217530826, -0.2857074128680963, 0.24903053641822692, 0.04362058585408975, 0.2255678564826077, 0.02031472006441421, 0.1092372600121323, 0.056919374421389925, -0.02917968325405004, 0.03539279904617689, -0.17197584081490325, 0.11626902763649972, 0.18071649481882215, 0.20432882210101327, 0.3579454050443412, -0.3628496374223834, -0.16233957075274777, 0.18402244109263946, 0.11495834204833955, 0.0946619420538883, 0.004045648200632501, -0.1834376445024375, 0.10470452642216146, -0.1287722274082134, -0.07481208211754926, -0.02043170970864594, 0.015199047226987377, 0.016414864042245254, -0.33658596775903543, 0.05067336324714848, 0.03497200290596968, 0.019558961629062087, -0.03745735013020552, -0.19383119764687443, 0.008395411365199834, 0.10240509051898797, 0.00628749827911953, 0.07299367924900474, 0.07897749473183491, -0.09703912044485175, -0.12475808007592284, 0.32674376411061434, -0.0689537745652283, -0.1717616000615463, 0.13728987106682128, -0.0816074472071754, -0.12458921797145661, 0.10247238199667048, 0.1815848959723135, 0.15232424581473744, -0.12687739236217394, 0.06903248505762816, -0.09594042137551524, 0.1716579534278591, 0.08108722796109882, 0.0021315611107589525, 0.06945833463278422, 0.12967985492149317, 0.19648718760927786, 0.14922458619253734, -0.06862767016345232, -0.044288319475772615, -0.288595420761487, -0.12475569741926282, -0.2604648457884134, -0.014208518416126026, -0.14256442217063867, -0.18250014464295394, 0.382206136260081, 0.15208825799856787, 0.21172030800575944, 0.15159195036048423, 0.2949056636063835, 0.12320099957061167, 0.013239072195279438, 0.17737871516382675, 0.21474247758050222, 0.12656796782441135, -0.007230073040527468, -0.21672026715512746, 0.14360076080806353, 0.12364927878307581] |
712.287 | The source coding game with a cheating switcher | Motivated by the lossy compression of an active-vision video stream, we
consider the problem of finding the rate-distortion function of an arbitrarily
varying source (AVS) composed of a finite number of subsources with known
distributions. Berger's paper `The Source Coding Game', \emph{IEEE Trans.
Inform. Theory}, 1971, solves this problem under the condition that the
adversary is allowed only strictly causal access to the subsource realizations.
We consider the case when the adversary has access to the subsource
realizations non-causally. Using the type-covering lemma, this new
rate-distortion function is determined to be the maximum of the IID
rate-distortion function over a set of source distributions attainable by the
adversary. We then extend the results to allow for partial or noisy
observations of subsource realizations. We further explore the model by
attempting to find the rate-distortion function when the adversary is actually
helpful.
Finally, a bound is developed on the uniform continuity of the IID
rate-distortion function for finite-alphabet sources. The bound is used to give
a sufficient number of distributions that need to be sampled to compute the
rate-distortion function of an AVS to within a certain accuracy. The bound is
also used to give a rate of convergence for the estimate of the rate-distortion
function for an unknown IID finite-alphabet source .
| cs.IT cs.CV math.IT | motivated by the lossy compression of an activevision video stream we consider the problem of finding the ratedistortion function of an arbitrarily varying source avs composed of a finite number of subsources with known distributions bergers paper the source coding game emphieee trans inform theory 1971 solves this problem under the condition that the adversary is allowed only strictly causal access to the subsource realizations we consider the case when the adversary has access to the subsource realizations noncausally using the typecovering lemma this new ratedistortion function is determined to be the maximum of the iid ratedistortion function over a set of source distributions attainable by the adversary we then extend the results to allow for partial or noisy observations of subsource realizations we further explore the model by attempting to find the ratedistortion function when the adversary is actually helpful finally a bound is developed on the uniform continuity of the iid ratedistortion function for finitealphabet sources the bound is used to give a sufficient number of distributions that need to be sampled to compute the ratedistortion function of an avs to within a certain accuracy the bound is also used to give a rate of convergence for the estimate of the ratedistortion function for an unknown iid finitealphabet source | [['motivated', 'by', 'the', 'lossy', 'compression', 'of', 'an', 'activevision', 'video', 'stream', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'finding', 'the', 'ratedistortion', 'function', 'of', 'an', 'arbitrarily', 'varying', 'source', 'avs', 'composed', 'of', 'a', 'finite', 'number', 'of', 'subsources', 'with', 'known', 'distributions', 'bergers', 'paper', 'the', 'source', 'coding', 'game', 'emphieee', 'trans', 'inform', 'theory', '1971', 'solves', 'this', 'problem', 'under', 'the', 'condition', 'that', 'the', 'adversary', 'is', 'allowed', 'only', 'strictly', 'causal', 'access', 'to', 'the', 'subsource', 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712.2871 | Smooth and palindromic Schubert varieties in affine Grassmannians | Let G be a simply-connected simple compact Lie group over the complex
numbers. The affine Grassmannian is a projective ind-variety,
homotopy-equivalent to the loop space of G and closely analogous to a maximal
flag variety of the classical Grassmannian manifold. It has a Schubert cell
decomposition indexed by the coroot lattice or equivalently by the minimal
length coset representatives for the affine Weyl group modulo the Weyl group
for G. The closure of an affine Schubert cell is a finite dimensional
projective variety that we call an affine Schubert variety. In this paper we
completely determine the smooth and palindromic (rationally smooth) affine
Schubert varieties.
| math.AG math.CO | let g be a simplyconnected simple compact lie group over the complex numbers the affine grassmannian is a projective indvariety homotopyequivalent to the loop space of g and closely analogous to a maximal flag variety of the classical grassmannian manifold it has a schubert cell decomposition indexed by the coroot lattice or equivalently by the minimal length coset representatives for the affine weyl group modulo the weyl group for g the closure of an affine schubert cell is a finite dimensional projective variety that we call an affine schubert variety in this paper we completely determine the smooth and palindromic rationally smooth affine schubert varieties | [['let', 'g', 'be', 'a', 'simplyconnected', 'simple', 'compact', 'lie', 'group', 'over', 'the', 'complex', 'numbers', 'the', 'affine', 'grassmannian', 'is', 'a', 'projective', 'indvariety', 'homotopyequivalent', 'to', 'the', 'loop', 'space', 'of', 'g', 'and', 'closely', 'analogous', 'to', 'a', 'maximal', 'flag', 'variety', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'grassmannian', 'manifold', 'it', 'has', 'a', 'schubert', 'cell', 'decomposition', 'indexed', 'by', 'the', 'coroot', 'lattice', 'or', 'equivalently', 'by', 'the', 'minimal', 'length', 'coset', 'representatives', 'for', 'the', 'affine', 'weyl', 'group', 'modulo', 'the', 'weyl', 'group', 'for', 'g', 'the', 'closure', 'of', 'an', 'affine', 'schubert', 'cell', 'is', 'a', 'finite', 'dimensional', 'projective', 'variety', 'that', 'we', 'call', 'an', 'affine', 'schubert', 'variety', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'completely', 'determine', 'the', 'smooth', 'and', 'palindromic', 'rationally', 'smooth', 'affine', 'schubert', 'varieties']] | [-0.21770926026538723, 0.08321575619352405, -0.06262153377410003, -0.019217388521480774, -0.18694203972284282, -0.1756974470003375, 0.013631545549391636, 0.3387848209279279, -0.39975174264538854, -0.1105391985781136, 0.10632065469177351, -0.1388122020289302, -0.18177123185956762, 0.2052366676141641, -0.22894991972439346, -0.046890608917566995, 0.023500142367057768, 0.1217058751732111, -0.13666174136590034, -0.32550168333663826, 0.4332020152182806, -0.09425218551020537, 0.2678398578383383, -0.022352626477368177, 0.16787886096253282, 0.0018884853016407717, 0.023455674804392316, 0.036202560030090224, -0.126836194020732, 0.140855206273097, 0.38023719092210134, 0.049241343131732375, 0.15443162086552809, -0.35572708923192253, -0.1414385497592212, 0.28189902602739275, 0.19382475867335286, -0.010797732684849983, 0.028561455414940914, -0.2532497131221351, 0.06783212057004372, -0.17503426471015526, -0.2011824926716231, -0.03956141612448153, 0.1013716629761759, -0.029664439778952372, -0.19928580723880301, -0.07790666992465654, 0.039093189961498694, 0.182594673512947, -0.01439514025779707, -0.11417828204908541, -0.07470591138338759, 0.0539755081558334, -0.1347731191709283, 0.09706006207991213, 0.10978361471955266, -0.018370481942838524, -0.16243229971843817, 0.4336642364306109, -0.015700525559839747, -0.30029316235865866, 0.06941210791646014, -0.1822337227474366, -0.13885150550022013, 0.19960262566095308, 0.0803563669057829, 0.13546909890359357, 0.021234057125236308, 0.22176512816721308, -0.20525920677575327, -0.02678708080202341, 0.07585043325310661, -0.08481459547987297, 0.1427320678895783, 0.09083159297394255, 0.06710877515641707, 0.08421956341868887, 0.010086800069326446, -0.03057100794145039, -0.3791525162401653, -0.23976104627585126, -0.08711818446893067, 0.20928416217987736, -0.18466067408139464, -0.21339944984231676, 0.40043052849581556, -0.07457962778197336, 0.1674715304303737, 0.1259346702180448, 0.17641259477074658, -0.004241003257976402, 0.08201125300090228, 0.03276356596588379, 0.03317868413314933, 0.28204540874742506, -0.1414864077864747, -0.21018141666205511, -0.05058581718642797, 0.266061817544202] |
712.2872 | Low SNR Capacity of Noncoherent Fading Channels | Discrete-time Rayleigh fading single-input single-output (SISO) and
multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels are considered, with no channel
state information at the transmitter or the receiver. The fading is assumed to
be stationary and correlated in time, but independent from antenna to antenna.
Peak-power and average-power constraints are imposed on the transmit antennas.
For MIMO channels, these constraints are either imposed on the sum over
antennas, or on each individual antenna. For SISO channels and MIMO channels
with sum power constraints, the asymptotic capacity as the peak signal-to-noise
ratio tends to zero is identified; for MIMO channels with individual power
constraints, this asymptotic capacity is obtained for a class of channels
called transmit separable channels. The results for MIMO channels with
individual power constraints are carried over to SISO channels with delay
spread (i.e. frequency selective fading).
| cs.IT math.IT | discretetime rayleigh fading singleinput singleoutput siso and multipleinput multipleoutput mimo channels are considered with no channel state information at the transmitter or the receiver the fading is assumed to be stationary and correlated in time but independent from antenna to antenna peakpower and averagepower constraints are imposed on the transmit antennas for mimo channels these constraints are either imposed on the sum over antennas or on each individual antenna for siso channels and mimo channels with sum power constraints the asymptotic capacity as the peak signaltonoise ratio tends to zero is identified for mimo channels with individual power constraints this asymptotic capacity is obtained for a class of channels called transmit separable channels the results for mimo channels with individual power constraints are carried over to siso channels with delay spread ie frequency selective fading | [['discretetime', 'rayleigh', 'fading', 'singleinput', 'singleoutput', 'siso', 'and', 'multipleinput', 'multipleoutput', 'mimo', 'channels', 'are', 'considered', 'with', 'no', 'channel', 'state', 'information', 'at', 'the', 'transmitter', 'or', 'the', 'receiver', 'the', 'fading', 'is', 'assumed', 'to', 'be', 'stationary', 'and', 'correlated', 'in', 'time', 'but', 'independent', 'from', 'antenna', 'to', 'antenna', 'peakpower', 'and', 'averagepower', 'constraints', 'are', 'imposed', 'on', 'the', 'transmit', 'antennas', 'for', 'mimo', 'channels', 'these', 'constraints', 'are', 'either', 'imposed', 'on', 'the', 'sum', 'over', 'antennas', 'or', 'on', 'each', 'individual', 'antenna', 'for', 'siso', 'channels', 'and', 'mimo', 'channels', 'with', 'sum', 'power', 'constraints', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'capacity', 'as', 'the', 'peak', 'signaltonoise', 'ratio', 'tends', 'to', 'zero', 'is', 'identified', 'for', 'mimo', 'channels', 'with', 'individual', 'power', 'constraints', 'this', 'asymptotic', 'capacity', 'is', 'obtained', 'for', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'channels', 'called', 'transmit', 'separable', 'channels', 'the', 'results', 'for', 'mimo', 'channels', 'with', 'individual', 'power', 'constraints', 'are', 'carried', 'over', 'to', 'siso', 'channels', 'with', 'delay', 'spread', 'ie', 'frequency', 'selective', 'fading']] | [-0.34982717290210225, 0.08500344696997976, 0.04846768904546345, -0.05353980325660949, -0.06379760891302592, -0.36332643571896134, 0.11057179323742511, 0.40277711079214457, -0.2349734859334098, -0.19428000804726725, 0.1358229960133839, -0.2739142324016602, -0.11314092671360683, 0.1377950747238679, -0.07669919008233896, 0.0910259201294846, 0.030672691445538983, 0.06674228883175938, -0.01740460698104774, -0.24766720090475347, 0.30155029893956253, 0.15676038746929002, 0.3269928819327443, -0.04932453352957964, 0.09768474603209783, 0.04867967060180726, -0.03805293505580199, -0.11103266880640553, -0.07242640948043791, -0.06398997932189593, 0.38465086064404913, 0.19392730033718247, 0.16236642463891596, -0.3877703873647584, -0.3115109008573065, 0.10702101659995539, 0.19864156722798254, -0.0015703339198673213, 0.015044873843348964, -0.295106729823682, 0.12828414306837926, -0.23255454119708802, 0.03338384321994252, 0.13684389194197677, -0.10586276969234287, 0.08862887132498953, -0.4737689931428543, 0.03498923590889683, -0.014118912498708124, 0.025377725368296657, -0.03288481824695029, -0.23397689265785393, 0.039751667008493786, 0.12974655776871025, 0.04672932188130087, -0.10406141405045573, 0.08495904991265249, -0.0892338118015754, -0.0646734733718471, 0.30190637080447263, 0.005611572581929741, -0.3311213970736221, 0.14653718739584157, -0.15106874857166852, -0.028885509794646942, 0.23625948302171848, 0.30799576988167787, 0.023093910080691178, -0.2084055954547323, 0.010974647634214274, -0.0017117726064666554, 0.19713907210087334, 0.10284019358180187, 0.26927227969367606, 0.17554128496148796, 0.14306779550388454, 0.15331474093513356, 0.1641598714593177, -0.18103548660356966, -0.15234621136138837, -0.21674052215422746, -0.05726071425748092, -0.21063333084651578, 0.06093737170514133, -0.09886033594634178, -0.011349036627345615, 0.29589441883619183, 0.0366437756801369, 0.06738911281788239, 0.21067851338949467, 0.4364247264685454, 0.16743712595370772, 0.0659174550074601, 0.13517246509177816, 0.2164169917055578, 0.2477299646715875, 0.09351671677669166, -0.2115791200729156, 0.02574882983506002, -0.15216807659922374] |
712.2873 | Towards a Physical Theory of Subjective Mental States | Any complete theory of physical reality must allow for the ubiquitous
phenomenon of subjective experience at some level, or risk being conceptually
incoherent. However, as long as the ontological status of subjectivity itself
remains unresolved, the topic will be seen as more within the purview of
philosophy than of physics. Towards a resolution of this issue within
empirically motivated physical theory, this article introduces an operational
definition that ultilizes the general consensus that subjective mental states,
whatever else is controversial about them, at least correlate in some way to
physical states. It is shown here that implementing this underappreciated
assumption within the framework of a physical theory in fact leads to
wide-ranging consequences. In particular, a correlation requires there exist a
well-defined mapping from a space of subjective mental states onto a space of
information-bearing elements of some physical theory. Given the peculiar nature
of subjective states as inherently private appearances, any empirical
identification of states must be performed by the experiencing subject. It is
argued that such an operationally defined 'self-measuring' act leads
unavoidably to an 'uncertainty principle' that is analogous in some intriguing
ways to Heisenberg's principle for quantum mechanics. A model is then
introduced for subjective states as algorithmically incomputable numbers.
Additionaally, an inequality similar to Bell's theorem may be derived,
indicating an analogy with the violations of local reality and the ontology of
observables within quantum mechanics.
| physics.gen-ph | any complete theory of physical reality must allow for the ubiquitous phenomenon of subjective experience at some level or risk being conceptually incoherent however as long as the ontological status of subjectivity itself remains unresolved the topic will be seen as more within the purview of philosophy than of physics towards a resolution of this issue within empirically motivated physical theory this article introduces an operational definition that ultilizes the general consensus that subjective mental states whatever else is controversial about them at least correlate in some way to physical states it is shown here that implementing this underappreciated assumption within the framework of a physical theory in fact leads to wideranging consequences in particular a correlation requires there exist a welldefined mapping from a space of subjective mental states onto a space of informationbearing elements of some physical theory given the peculiar nature of subjective states as inherently private appearances any empirical identification of states must be performed by the experiencing subject it is argued that such an operationally defined selfmeasuring act leads unavoidably to an uncertainty principle that is analogous in some intriguing ways to heisenbergs principle for quantum mechanics a model is then introduced for subjective states as algorithmically incomputable numbers additionaally an inequality similar to bells theorem may be derived indicating an analogy with the violations of local reality and the ontology of observables within quantum mechanics | [['any', 'complete', 'theory', 'of', 'physical', 'reality', 'must', 'allow', 'for', 'the', 'ubiquitous', 'phenomenon', 'of', 'subjective', 'experience', 'at', 'some', 'level', 'or', 'risk', 'being', 'conceptually', 'incoherent', 'however', 'as', 'long', 'as', 'the', 'ontological', 'status', 'of', 'subjectivity', 'itself', 'remains', 'unresolved', 'the', 'topic', 'will', 'be', 'seen', 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712.2874 | Weibel Instabilities in Dense Quantum Plasmas | The quantum effect on the Weibel instability in an unmagnetized plasma is
presented. Our analysis shows that the quantum effect tends to stabilize the
Weibel instability in the hydrodynamic regime, whereas it produces a new
oscillatory instability in the kinetic regime. A novel effect the quantum
damping, which is associated with the Landau damping, is disclosed. The new
quantum Weibel instability may be responsible for the generation of
non-stationary magnetic fields in compact astrophysical objects as well as in
the forthcoming intense laser-solid density plasma experiments.
| physics.plasm-ph astro-ph | the quantum effect on the weibel instability in an unmagnetized plasma is presented our analysis shows that the quantum effect tends to stabilize the weibel instability in the hydrodynamic regime whereas it produces a new oscillatory instability in the kinetic regime a novel effect the quantum damping which is associated with the landau damping is disclosed the new quantum weibel instability may be responsible for the generation of nonstationary magnetic fields in compact astrophysical objects as well as in the forthcoming intense lasersolid density plasma experiments | [['the', 'quantum', 'effect', 'on', 'the', 'weibel', 'instability', 'in', 'an', 'unmagnetized', 'plasma', 'is', 'presented', 'our', 'analysis', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'quantum', 'effect', 'tends', 'to', 'stabilize', 'the', 'weibel', 'instability', 'in', 'the', 'hydrodynamic', 'regime', 'whereas', 'it', 'produces', 'a', 'new', 'oscillatory', 'instability', 'in', 'the', 'kinetic', 'regime', 'a', 'novel', 'effect', 'the', 'quantum', 'damping', 'which', 'is', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'landau', 'damping', 'is', 'disclosed', 'the', 'new', 'quantum', 'weibel', 'instability', 'may', 'be', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'nonstationary', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'in', 'compact', 'astrophysical', 'objects', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'in', 'the', 'forthcoming', 'intense', 'lasersolid', 'density', 'plasma', 'experiments']] | [-0.18929318570380294, 0.26784901569619757, -0.09086828845618077, 0.11842115601216074, -0.06547085552064832, -0.07229234045371413, -0.09478246395714408, 0.24938707529069032, -0.2634021599647091, -0.22897806471257015, 0.04946253901120102, -0.2170242840196764, -0.1254894242156297, 0.27079747008636246, 0.024040480902375178, 0.040114972854119746, 0.04095107488074275, -0.029438962807965485, 0.05765743386934425, -0.17880467081247547, 0.3056638033919816, 0.1712374059905753, 0.31923112108610396, 0.04111554573809858, 0.042148992554609514, -0.08051493642635124, 0.04832451957884396, 0.01181345079960518, -0.12540640731670064, -0.043105928086524095, 0.22654388431286396, -0.010714797487179207, 0.3046318518301082, -0.43813272411826737, -0.27097472479177076, -0.01497656788113852, 0.1886498189347168, 0.1939997486161003, -0.10836056354157843, -0.2740182979465571, 0.04476170571044434, -0.17765766487803397, -0.15108465089809237, -0.035916626572522314, 0.023164263778896785, 0.005668295466146151, -0.32984764215558077, 0.1259524420439807, 0.1200990324574631, 0.00723617997150435, -0.07192783158131723, -0.021213654217548495, -0.009568592457663875, 0.036898522524076494, 0.06522165865334141, 0.06802976352899054, 0.16237258834718338, -0.1927140616503176, -0.1280263035428212, 0.3959858262001775, -0.09815562541358346, -0.1574692257550047, 0.22825412948204335, -0.2020191449000565, -0.07933204020048644, 0.1768968168992636, 0.15807299859561894, 0.08615030562721712, -0.03992956915740357, 0.045452397544110235, -0.005698730978237595, 0.09624493099359233, 0.060623897128565196, 0.057465062016447965, 0.263396900320469, 0.20200282621175744, 0.013143442452040523, 0.1858165609585338, -0.09694236585244992, -0.08188834141528364, -0.3244273030892188, -0.12880039423552536, -0.1492103127638138, 0.052987019934144605, -0.014993257349530277, -0.19979137255875176, 0.3663034294515328, 0.186709102564004, 0.11314635873274055, -0.10718971708394197, 0.3058568620404532, 0.16664590075379238, 0.04504925643938572, 0.09295996488071978, 0.32688096326472627, 0.18905227788085074, 0.144087660889856, -0.3299000394844645, 0.04894835538187519, 0.0523290429507967] |
712.2875 | Exploring Parameter Constraints on Quintessential Dark Energy: the
Albrecht-Skordis model | We consider the effect of future dark energy experiments on
``Albrecht-Skordis'' (AS) models of scalar field dark energy using the
Monte-Carlo Markov chain method. We deal with the issues of parameterization of
these models, and have included spatial curvature as a parameter, finding it to
be important. We use the Dark Energy Task Force (DETF) simulated data to
represent future experiments and report our results in the form of likelihood
contours in the chosen parameter space. Simulated data is produced for cases
where the background cosmology has a cosmological constant, as well as cases
where the dark energy is provided by the AS model. The latter helps us
demonstrate the power of DETF Stage 4 data in the context of this specific
model. Though the AS model can produce equations of state functions very
different from what is possible with the $w_0-w_a$ parametrization used by the
DETF, our results are consistent with those reported by the DETF.
| astro-ph | we consider the effect of future dark energy experiments on albrechtskordis as models of scalar field dark energy using the montecarlo markov chain method we deal with the issues of parameterization of these models and have included spatial curvature as a parameter finding it to be important we use the dark energy task force detf simulated data to represent future experiments and report our results in the form of likelihood contours in the chosen parameter space simulated data is produced for cases where the background cosmology has a cosmological constant as well as cases where the dark energy is provided by the as model the latter helps us demonstrate the power of detf stage 4 data in the context of this specific model though the as model can produce equations of state functions very different from what is possible with the w_0w_a parametrization used by the detf our results are consistent with those reported by the detf | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'future', 'dark', 'energy', 'experiments', 'on', 'albrechtskordis', 'as', 'models', 'of', 'scalar', 'field', 'dark', 'energy', 'using', 'the', 'montecarlo', 'markov', 'chain', 'method', 'we', 'deal', 'with', 'the', 'issues', 'of', 'parameterization', 'of', 'these', 'models', 'and', 'have', 'included', 'spatial', 'curvature', 'as', 'a', 'parameter', 'finding', 'it', 'to', 'be', 'important', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'task', 'force', 'detf', 'simulated', 'data', 'to', 'represent', 'future', 'experiments', 'and', 'report', 'our', 'results', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'likelihood', 'contours', 'in', 'the', 'chosen', 'parameter', 'space', 'simulated', 'data', 'is', 'produced', 'for', 'cases', 'where', 'the', 'background', 'cosmology', 'has', 'a', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'cases', 'where', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'is', 'provided', 'by', 'the', 'as', 'model', 'the', 'latter', 'helps', 'us', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'power', 'of', 'detf', 'stage', '4', 'data', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'this', 'specific', 'model', 'though', 'the', 'as', 'model', 'can', 'produce', 'equations', 'of', 'state', 'functions', 'very', 'different', 'from', 'what', 'is', 'possible', 'with', 'the', 'w_0w_a', 'parametrization', 'used', 'by', 'the', 'detf', 'our', 'results', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'those', 'reported', 'by', 'the', 'detf']] | [-0.06459855791003366, 0.07915019060657093, -0.08910250500627574, 0.09679708661434425, -0.07896196738976961, -0.11468729076930767, -0.01592083005412559, 0.35282064536527086, -0.22588769489436583, -0.3990963015135876, 0.09122452831450423, -0.264083230814594, -0.08969760986911074, 0.23707819472298405, 0.016882869493769433, 0.057885202652237906, 0.0649149794365831, 0.045826485594082034, -0.01148469798648018, -0.26192599904699737, 0.34542243465615113, 0.13543654844805503, 0.25157001590471906, 0.01954361313218429, 0.09957630170589302, -0.036696044369274455, -0.04883981031324169, 0.01585010374941367, -0.157791140792924, 0.07546033228563655, 0.23829166682283756, 0.13195260262463812, 0.22652638927220728, -0.41001160722225904, -0.2538316942525992, 0.1451918054579692, 0.1119057696288938, 0.1168633576091023, -0.05434319261049223, -0.2755789750486992, 0.03350208699554917, -0.16750967095659416, -0.11649183318268057, -0.10136928677019087, -0.05510716183499617, 0.031497539104122646, -0.26253021399899845, 0.12626635530299157, -0.018768147985483548, -0.033509188915964716, -0.08608695604114729, -0.14705876835805784, -0.031397643192095835, 0.07909533656706476, 0.09026682814049303, 0.031983937418598465, 0.12133684198840693, -0.17610412225524663, -0.10781837041285126, 0.41579293333747347, -0.1056922993794748, -0.21306257965458428, 0.14327072718767983, -0.09958791087387474, -0.12329072410620417, 0.06479818289387662, 0.1540728098517106, 0.09241165533946578, -0.11692309217041086, 0.09487525512135118, -0.019050939364513013, 0.1589215950548032, 0.011893607082830113, -0.02385852107434136, 0.2230930718812783, 0.19367392013549425, 0.01491713178326275, 0.12557885940794708, -0.11960070633483683, -0.09048198391928094, -0.3330961311663127, -0.12794175685774892, -0.1816943789770008, -0.0016772745297272589, -0.09966675599033731, -0.11220492544557283, 0.38139664553325314, 0.1807008748420885, 0.23175168267872398, 0.03834645079365771, 0.32287683352163643, 0.09862376919318773, 0.05942611537197498, 0.02194243613118899, 0.2676681485523879, 0.05819726787999889, 0.10027168595356642, -0.18607632146560985, 0.03837443449813279, -0.021285364665328318] |
712.2876 | Addressing the Crisis in Fundamental Physics | I present the case for fundamental physics experiments in space playing an
important role in addressing the current "dark energy'' crisis. If cosmological
observations continue to favor a value of the dark energy equation of state
parameter w=-1, with no change over cosmic time, then we will have difficulty
understanding this new fundamental physics. We will then face a very real risk
of stagnation unless we detect some other experimental anomaly. The advantages
of space-based experiments could prove invaluable in the search for the a more
complete understanding of dark energy. This talk was delivered at the start of
the Fundamental Physics Research in Space Workshop in May 2006.
| astro-ph | i present the case for fundamental physics experiments in space playing an important role in addressing the current dark energy crisis if cosmological observations continue to favor a value of the dark energy equation of state parameter w1 with no change over cosmic time then we will have difficulty understanding this new fundamental physics we will then face a very real risk of stagnation unless we detect some other experimental anomaly the advantages of spacebased experiments could prove invaluable in the search for the a more complete understanding of dark energy this talk was delivered at the start of the fundamental physics research in space workshop in may 2006 | [['i', 'present', 'the', 'case', 'for', 'fundamental', 'physics', 'experiments', 'in', 'space', 'playing', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'in', 'addressing', 'the', 'current', 'dark', 'energy', 'crisis', 'if', 'cosmological', 'observations', 'continue', 'to', 'favor', 'a', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'parameter', 'w1', 'with', 'no', 'change', 'over', 'cosmic', 'time', 'then', 'we', 'will', 'have', 'difficulty', 'understanding', 'this', 'new', 'fundamental', 'physics', 'we', 'will', 'then', 'face', 'a', 'very', 'real', 'risk', 'of', 'stagnation', 'unless', 'we', 'detect', 'some', 'other', 'experimental', 'anomaly', 'the', 'advantages', 'of', 'spacebased', 'experiments', 'could', 'prove', 'invaluable', 'in', 'the', 'search', 'for', 'the', 'a', 'more', 'complete', 'understanding', 'of', 'dark', 'energy', 'this', 'talk', 'was', 'delivered', 'at', 'the', 'start', 'of', 'the', 'fundamental', 'physics', 'research', 'in', 'space', 'workshop', 'in', 'may', '2006']] | [-0.10932017263551584, 0.1224520499360109, -0.12145056001310142, 0.09013173329097074, -0.13386448433434744, -0.08766930195323508, 0.015049712807196407, 0.3153014591769016, -0.23870080445547068, -0.35065299423770346, 0.10431657519315395, -0.26316611633268655, -0.09866886115163018, 0.20552638708613813, -0.04314477231626937, 0.011802061648885592, 0.08781759808194575, 0.0358595345105224, -0.034203678907809454, -0.275437113546997, 0.30801191441757486, 0.12998206211775198, 0.24581033555329393, 0.10656933753255653, 0.053619951048199464, -0.02998172288969877, -0.07706090484942318, -0.01913625551355627, -0.1737031129727123, 0.10052651605876418, 0.3225381080608029, 0.15830304155579059, 0.3253807263735067, -0.45284602298922494, -0.2289657990764314, 0.18490742846742408, 0.13705795502648987, 0.08616949710994959, -0.11660000818224577, -0.2723694398546369, 0.012827375677303163, -0.1329114271708072, -0.1570972146705613, -0.055280437530659206, 0.024875178446121717, -0.04436470500146543, -0.1777155989986084, 0.05083779109761529, 0.019655985439435468, 0.020115570873321127, -0.08857341414026984, -0.12721018645690257, 0.03322939059927786, 0.0960877634272972, 0.05884198157475629, 0.04014285659810545, 0.09926332252681119, -0.2080729851123253, -0.12924250903103604, 0.4066115218821332, -0.08168352424346526, -0.10886150033324274, 0.1756929698669343, -0.16903412232064394, -0.20857424410316375, 0.08303308131497934, 0.1900174670058106, 0.04718914542800038, -0.11002416458459349, 0.10504360447014006, -0.022320540664597936, 0.1717425690357223, 0.037368761597696795, 0.024012403822196392, 0.313020185370921, 0.21953129862358264, 0.07486682449074444, 0.0504166718637528, -0.10394267280107586, -0.08118696978161914, -0.34950130706259963, -0.18984668332508792, -0.13226812049199682, 0.053715454531970235, -0.026057662754191444, -0.07274939875126979, 0.39319032308038904, 0.1818378974241418, 0.16015753013705578, -0.032825702045181204, 0.2839825296552356, 0.058432251778100144, -0.01132614170243844, 0.04440819156791912, 0.2994935842577492, 0.025288506120511697, 0.1571348400710689, -0.18605350955910638, 0.047217135223636936, 0.0206200478196896] |
712.2877 | An X-ray, IR, and Submillimeter Flare of Sagittarius A* | Energetic flares are observed in the Galactic supermassive black hole
Sagittarius A* from radio to X-ray wavelengths. On a few occasions,
simultaneous flares have been detected in IR and X-ray observations, but clear
counterparts at longer wavelengths have not been seen. We present a flare
observed over several hours on 2006 July 17 with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory,
the Keck II telescope, the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, and the
Submillimeter Array. All telescopes observed strong flare events, but the
submillimeter peak is found to occur nearly 100 minutes after the X-ray peak.
Submillimeter polarization data show linear polarization in the excess flare
emission, increasing from 9% to 17% as the flare passes through its peak,
consistent with a transition from optically thick to thin synchrotron emission.
The temporal and spectral behavior of the flare require that the energetic
electrons responsible for the emission cool faster than expected from their
radiative output. This is consistent with adiabatic cooling in an expanding
emission region, with X-rays produced through self-Compton scattering, although
not consistent with the simplest model of such expansion. We also present a
submillimeter flare that followed a bright IR flare on 2005 July 31. Compared
to 2006, this event had a larger peak IR flux and similar submillimeter flux,
but it lacked measurable X-ray emission. It also showed a shorter delay between
the IR and submillimeter peaks. Based on these events we propose a synchrotron
and self-Compton model to relate the submillimeter lag and the variable
IR/X-ray luminosity ratio.
| astro-ph | energetic flares are observed in the galactic supermassive black hole sagittarius a from radio to xray wavelengths on a few occasions simultaneous flares have been detected in ir and xray observations but clear counterparts at longer wavelengths have not been seen we present a flare observed over several hours on 2006 july 17 with the chandra xray observatory the keck ii telescope the caltech submillimeter observatory and the submillimeter array all telescopes observed strong flare events but the submillimeter peak is found to occur nearly 100 minutes after the xray peak submillimeter polarization data show linear polarization in the excess flare emission increasing from 9 to 17 as the flare passes through its peak consistent with a transition from optically thick to thin synchrotron emission the temporal and spectral behavior of the flare require that the energetic electrons responsible for the emission cool faster than expected from their radiative output this is consistent with adiabatic cooling in an expanding emission region with xrays produced through selfcompton scattering although not consistent with the simplest model of such expansion we also present a submillimeter flare that followed a bright ir flare on 2005 july 31 compared to 2006 this event had a larger peak ir flux and similar submillimeter flux but it lacked measurable xray emission it also showed a shorter delay between the ir and submillimeter peaks based on these events we propose a synchrotron and selfcompton model to relate the submillimeter lag and the variable irxray luminosity ratio | [['energetic', 'flares', 'are', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'galactic', 'supermassive', 'black', 'hole', 'sagittarius', 'a', 'from', 'radio', 'to', 'xray', 'wavelengths', 'on', 'a', 'few', 'occasions', 'simultaneous', 'flares', 'have', 'been', 'detected', 'in', 'ir', 'and', 'xray', 'observations', 'but', 'clear', 'counterparts', 'at', 'longer', 'wavelengths', 'have', 'not', 'been', 'seen', 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712.2878 | Mean-field dynamo in partially ionized plasmas-I | There are several astrophysical situations where one needs to study the
dynamics of magnetic flux in partially ionized turbulent plasmas. In a
partially ionized plasma the magnetic induction is subjected to the ambipolar
diffusion and the Hall effect in addition to the usual resistive dissipation.
In this paper we initiate the study of the kinematic dynamo in a partially
ionized turbulent plasma. The Hall effect arises from the treatment of the
electrons and the ions as two separate fluids and the ambipolar diffusion due
to the inclusion of neutrals as the third fluid. It is shown that these
nonideal effects modify the so called $\alpha$ effect and the turbulent
diffusion coefficient $\beta$ in a rather substantial way. The Hall effect may
enhance or quench the dynamo action altogether. The ambipolar diffusion brings
in an $\alpha$ which depends on the mean magnetic field. The new correlations
embodying the coupling of the charged fluids and the neutral fluid appear in a
decisive manner. The turbulence is necessarily magnetohydrodynamic with new
spatial and time scales. The nature of the new correlations is demonstrated by
taking the Alfv\'enic turbulence as an example.
| astro-ph | there are several astrophysical situations where one needs to study the dynamics of magnetic flux in partially ionized turbulent plasmas in a partially ionized plasma the magnetic induction is subjected to the ambipolar diffusion and the hall effect in addition to the usual resistive dissipation in this paper we initiate the study of the kinematic dynamo in a partially ionized turbulent plasma the hall effect arises from the treatment of the electrons and the ions as two separate fluids and the ambipolar diffusion due to the inclusion of neutrals as the third fluid it is shown that these nonideal effects modify the so called alpha effect and the turbulent diffusion coefficient beta in a rather substantial way the hall effect may enhance or quench the dynamo action altogether the ambipolar diffusion brings in an alpha which depends on the mean magnetic field the new correlations embodying the coupling of the charged fluids and the neutral fluid appear in a decisive manner the turbulence is necessarily magnetohydrodynamic with new spatial and time scales the nature of the new correlations is demonstrated by taking the alfvenic turbulence as an example | [['there', 'are', 'several', 'astrophysical', 'situations', 'where', 'one', 'needs', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'magnetic', 'flux', 'in', 'partially', 'ionized', 'turbulent', 'plasmas', 'in', 'a', 'partially', 'ionized', 'plasma', 'the', 'magnetic', 'induction', 'is', 'subjected', 'to', 'the', 'ambipolar', 'diffusion', 'and', 'the', 'hall', 'effect', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'the', 'usual', 'resistive', 'dissipation', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'initiate', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'kinematic', 'dynamo', 'in', 'a', 'partially', 'ionized', 'turbulent', 'plasma', 'the', 'hall', 'effect', 'arises', 'from', 'the', 'treatment', 'of', 'the', 'electrons', 'and', 'the', 'ions', 'as', 'two', 'separate', 'fluids', 'and', 'the', 'ambipolar', 'diffusion', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'inclusion', 'of', 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