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708.1449 | Slow beams of massive molecules | Slow beams of neutral molecules are of great interest for a wide range of
applications, from cold chemistry through precision measurements to tests of
the foundations of quantum mechanics. We report on the quantitative observation
of thermal beams of perfluorinated macromolecules with masses up to 6000 amu,
reaching velocities down to 11 m/s. Such slow, heavy and neutral molecular
beams are of importance for a new class of experiments in matter-wave
interferometry and we also discuss the requirements for further manipulation
and cooling schemes with molecules in this unprecedented mass range.
| quant-ph physics.atm-clus physics.bio-ph physics.chem-ph | slow beams of neutral molecules are of great interest for a wide range of applications from cold chemistry through precision measurements to tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics we report on the quantitative observation of thermal beams of perfluorinated macromolecules with masses up to 6000 amu reaching velocities down to 11 ms such slow heavy and neutral molecular beams are of importance for a new class of experiments in matterwave interferometry and we also discuss the requirements for further manipulation and cooling schemes with molecules in this unprecedented mass range | [['slow', 'beams', 'of', 'neutral', 'molecules', 'are', 'of', 'great', 'interest', 'for', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'applications', 'from', 'cold', 'chemistry', 'through', 'precision', 'measurements', 'to', 'tests', 'of', 'the', 'foundations', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'the', 'quantitative', 'observation', 'of', 'thermal', 'beams', 'of', 'perfluorinated', 'macromolecules', 'with', 'masses', 'up', 'to', '6000', 'amu', 'reaching', 'velocities', 'down', 'to', '11', 'ms', 'such', 'slow', 'heavy', 'and', 'neutral', 'molecular', 'beams', 'are', 'of', 'importance', 'for', 'a', 'new', 'class', 'of', 'experiments', 'in', 'matterwave', 'interferometry', 'and', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'the', 'requirements', 'for', 'further', 'manipulation', 'and', 'cooling', 'schemes', 'with', 'molecules', 'in', 'this', 'unprecedented', 'mass', 'range']] | [-0.0723661156115378, 0.20935572039049405, -0.021358657881597076, -0.01661571176277453, 0.0027159544854209973, -0.11286976731863323, 0.07574653438967908, 0.41157586743625313, -0.22853925891711815, -0.35948767027930245, 0.05484472322507997, -0.2507550429122952, -0.0034284508265145534, 0.2791075274900912, 0.00035850867977017884, 0.09502675451829538, 0.08609574925215853, -0.05640798858315735, -0.07333345143226805, -0.1724609802681748, 0.23218772106850008, 0.07222583472785019, 0.2386699351635608, 0.11742916783051831, 0.12274235812435438, -0.04117085145476817, -0.0016859080770390703, -0.05307399088025584, -0.14451666903467134, 0.13499538241732087, 0.23250917886680628, 0.09360329077225997, 0.26508488208260184, -0.4193103125851069, -0.2214187894395174, 0.07564956430284368, 0.1376524007601592, 0.1667491488662743, -0.11974636080117057, -0.28747078011344585, 0.02731092786928127, -0.1445742650264567, -0.16997482428061111, -0.11894307928006319, 0.05827490588302141, 0.081142721042692, -0.23704409760238787, 0.08677990736592059, -0.03033594770234201, 0.10985653023337844, -0.022021793149178848, -0.11823918462659304, 0.045748060543581354, 0.07480530338464203, 0.0200475440207091, -0.014262906752864492, 0.19347253322069133, -0.18876926508056677, -0.08960677479690575, 0.46294212217473396, -0.08600103768844997, -0.09106397046451713, 0.2510648628717268, -0.181630388951277, -0.14567390500291527, 0.17323374438130265, 0.21934192566262498, 0.13439048478216098, -0.12891357716500432, -0.010361040596323149, -0.014670099326214948, 0.14932963983821018, 0.09805317479697476, 0.12015291617333806, 0.2776385057758499, 0.20443599320600156, 0.0008876096754038072, 0.0747096813488547, -0.14282235877005037, -0.09982576773880603, -0.25181666706371436, -0.2074994190581972, -0.1003749418676227, 0.054334545185646184, -0.0431938198093481, -0.06881007224648863, 0.3581297088946615, 0.1675763117702125, 0.17311795541996156, -0.012811919418419455, 0.2773733448114369, 0.014961324610419898, 0.041769937228329564, -0.02315984726729956, 0.25780484862216224, 0.20519791949786, 0.11097917090692036, -0.22163247584958898, -0.04352917073417332, -0.05848733355946184] |
708.145 | Pi-Molecular dielectric layer for organic thin film diode | Very thin (1.2-2.5nm) self-assembled organic dielectric monolayers have been
integrated into organic thin-film diode to achieve electrical characteristics.
These dielectrics are fabricated by self-assembling deposition, resulting in
smooth, strongly adherent, thermally stable, organosiloxane thin films having
interesting electrical capacitances (around 150 nF cm-2 at -3V) and insulating
properties (leakage current densities around 10-5 A cm2 at -1V).
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | very thin 1225nm selfassembled organic dielectric monolayers have been integrated into organic thinfilm diode to achieve electrical characteristics these dielectrics are fabricated by selfassembling deposition resulting in smooth strongly adherent thermally stable organosiloxane thin films having interesting electrical capacitances around 150 nf cm2 at 3v and insulating properties leakage current densities around 105 a cm2 at 1v | [['very', 'thin', '1225nm', 'selfassembled', 'organic', 'dielectric', 'monolayers', 'have', 'been', 'integrated', 'into', 'organic', 'thinfilm', 'diode', 'to', 'achieve', 'electrical', 'characteristics', 'these', 'dielectrics', 'are', 'fabricated', 'by', 'selfassembling', 'deposition', 'resulting', 'in', 'smooth', 'strongly', 'adherent', 'thermally', 'stable', 'organosiloxane', 'thin', 'films', 'having', 'interesting', 'electrical', 'capacitances', 'around', '150', 'nf', 'cm2', 'at', '3v', 'and', 'insulating', 'properties', 'leakage', 'current', 'densities', 'around', '105', 'a', 'cm2', 'at', '1v']] | [-0.12216921140524474, 0.2245890046046539, 0.04373342198404399, -0.12805351559072733, 0.049228431828404695, -0.25762627162885937, 0.04408638012510809, 0.5291635209863836, -0.17782117870043623, -0.34858135448938066, 0.021329090928404845, -0.3653654651885683, -0.027719644016840243, 0.22389700731093234, -0.0011132071472027085, 0.04110256557098844, -0.14292650486935268, -0.22936551556499166, -0.028969752246683293, -0.14910764369097623, 0.10653976728631691, -0.03190134644339031, 0.37263980385932055, 0.10744781917469068, 0.09763854618438265, -0.1668278471736068, 0.21984231035563756, 0.013223096330396153, -0.17903192839161916, 0.047329854694279756, 0.3626928519118916, -0.26385216396725314, 0.13835849099030548, -0.5720959823917259, -0.22456975447183306, -0.05808139903978868, 0.13463606149042873, -0.01263200675391338, -0.1505933836525814, -0.2247843361036344, 0.15463694847104223, -0.12577449037608776, -0.10558038310740482, -0.04318710721351884, 0.019625632837414742, 0.030274954268878156, -0.15432640770661898, 0.053249982274560764, -0.02954948102547364, 0.03936593896624717, -0.05278040732003071, -0.19783726727420634, -0.12255510223013434, -0.05558734837580811, -0.04151683133518831, -0.016732985435307702, 0.44130082397975706, -0.13413151131773537, -0.021805447797206313, 0.24379269880327312, -0.051779177056794815, -0.05167444954541597, 0.1682709135580808, -0.1962725906802172, 0.003906179363416, 0.3131425028031861, 0.13807961620729078, 0.12065017700025982, -0.2281553504988551, 0.055577356320678846, 0.014375214896757494, 0.24665559882467444, 0.1924534198150716, 0.10258503887717697, 0.3465133553963493, 0.303854168439284, -0.04277978628789159, 0.09730451589619571, -0.08953962425531989, 0.038967789434404536, -0.12882312881675634, -0.1762170172931457, -0.1433080226754431, 0.2137427314777266, -0.12573841040588873, -0.22993638666177338, 0.37631376477127726, 0.10148455205542797, 0.13580799776722086, -0.054494809731841086, 0.2856469956988638, 0.045655510659244926, 0.07507837358438833, -0.010083813842555338, 0.2637917857786471, 0.2317780415146527, 0.15169473712978124, -0.15961148852736434, 0.11172707019035112, -0.09170845946381716] |
708.1451 | Minimal E_6 Supersymmetric Standard Model | We propose a Minimal E_6 Supersymmetric Standard Model (ME$_6$SSM) which
allows Planck scale unification, provides a solution to the $\mu$ problem and
predicts a new Z'. Above the conventional GUT scale $M_{GUT}\sim 10^{16}$ GeV
the gauge group corresponds to a left-right symmetric Supersymmetric Pati-Salam
model, together with an additional $U(1)_{\psi}$ gauge group arising from an
E_6 gauge group broken near the Planck scale. Below $M_{GUT}$ the ME$_6$SSM
contains three reducible $\mathbf{27}$ representations of the Standard Model
gauge group together with an additional U(1)_X gauge group, consisting of a
novel and non-trivial linear combination of $U(1)_{\psi}$ and two Pati-Salam
generators, which is broken at the TeV scale by the same singlet which also
generates the effective $\mu$ term, resulting in a new low energy Z' gauge
boson. We discuss the phenomenology of the new Z' gauge boson in some detail.
| hep-ph | we propose a minimal e_6 supersymmetric standard model me_6ssm which allows planck scale unification provides a solution to the mu problem and predicts a new z above the conventional gut scale m_gutsim 1016 gev the gauge group corresponds to a leftright symmetric supersymmetric patisalam model together with an additional u1_psi gauge group arising from an e_6 gauge group broken near the planck scale below m_gut the me_6ssm contains three reducible mathbf27 representations of the standard model gauge group together with an additional u1_x gauge group consisting of a novel and nontrivial linear combination of u1_psi and two patisalam generators which is broken at the tev scale by the same singlet which also generates the effective mu term resulting in a new low energy z gauge boson we discuss the phenomenology of the new z gauge boson in some detail | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'minimal', 'e_6', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'me_6ssm', 'which', 'allows', 'planck', 'scale', 'unification', 'provides', 'a', 'solution', 'to', 'the', 'mu', 'problem', 'and', 'predicts', 'a', 'new', 'z', 'above', 'the', 'conventional', 'gut', 'scale', 'm_gutsim', '1016', 'gev', 'the', 'gauge', 'group', 'corresponds', 'to', 'a', 'leftright', 'symmetric', 'supersymmetric', 'patisalam', 'model', 'together', 'with', 'an', 'additional', 'u1_psi', 'gauge', 'group', 'arising', 'from', 'an', 'e_6', 'gauge', 'group', 'broken', 'near', 'the', 'planck', 'scale', 'below', 'm_gut', 'the', 'me_6ssm', 'contains', 'three', 'reducible', 'mathbf27', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'gauge', 'group', 'together', 'with', 'an', 'additional', 'u1_x', 'gauge', 'group', 'consisting', 'of', 'a', 'novel', 'and', 'nontrivial', 'linear', 'combination', 'of', 'u1_psi', 'and', 'two', 'patisalam', 'generators', 'which', 'is', 'broken', 'at', 'the', 'tev', 'scale', 'by', 'the', 'same', 'singlet', 'which', 'also', 'generates', 'the', 'effective', 'mu', 'term', 'resulting', 'in', 'a', 'new', 'low', 'energy', 'z', 'gauge', 'boson', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'phenomenology', 'of', 'the', 'new', 'z', 'gauge', 'boson', 'in', 'some', 'detail']] | [-0.13581107035608272, 0.262503115218061, -0.0399175935856782, 0.15468037050585196, -0.13716070707111308, -0.20541335605894742, 0.007335326742326868, 0.3249288480863839, -0.23900509374958556, -0.311210839793194, 0.0523113389381383, -0.2262523448774026, -0.03337448497262338, 0.0680639458756111, -0.009812116577370984, -0.00691485485277962, -0.06247415980222919, 0.04853436903542151, -0.10407295706175754, -0.21627801912499295, 0.2846812857719867, 0.03434196747232066, 0.2453773020280768, 0.005102122502833389, 0.16520376122671354, -0.014639757703517334, 0.001891462599683175, -0.12724301819622086, -0.108081998241107, 0.10825775188066578, 0.1512570522752577, -0.0021785679745717325, 0.13059942628472304, -0.32656226282520895, -0.17290088109861035, 0.1461960313828203, 0.13425882202505635, 0.10407135121446724, -0.08995569602289386, -0.3391586744590946, 0.11046424983541711, -0.24442253792253527, -0.1306997043817925, -0.029092510929331183, -0.09841971141218707, -0.17094750664588335, -0.31945355134118564, 0.10362467259899173, -0.05602777338978173, 0.07836422000242316, 0.007341705711028687, -0.1172600420144643, -0.07596015003577307, -0.030179902550130002, 0.17700565030268542, 0.07662771938561017, 0.13091975007800088, -0.18615744766872883, -0.16968395878844286, 0.4669523081485776, -0.12513003862746383, -0.1555042147545306, 0.17581196690308928, -0.08705223556540474, -0.23420441648551682, 0.13388179663561986, 0.13555742127051496, 0.03823759241461538, -0.14898075896274784, 0.29387110169446334, -0.09898991477540761, 0.19943848960742733, -0.001291438010926156, 0.0034316101556886797, 0.22966457129982504, 0.16949879638074586, 0.08221549102935292, 0.059273215523664505, -0.013564567904973375, -0.07091380682760391, -0.48489318410123605, -0.0986543372678368, -0.050708511522026274, 0.09066916422149085, -0.15358336114097282, -0.08250666684066148, 0.4360744728625793, 0.10841231510225359, 0.24245166429318488, 0.09959466765091445, 0.1705420540065329, 0.06496180178246637, 0.13766574954776012, 0.008589772749236663, 0.18257391538603426, 0.09643155647664452, 0.010842928602157728, -0.2075362838079235, -0.19283417928154054, 0.15738121483920384] |
708.1452 | Holding Dissapearance in RTD-based Quantizers | Multiple-valued Logic (MVL) circuits are one of the most attractive
applications of the Monostable-to-Multistable transition Logic (MML), and they
are on the basis of advanced circuits for communications. The operation of such
quantizer has two steps : sampling and holding. Once the quantizer samples the
signal, it must maintain the sampled value even if the input changes. However,
holding property is not inherent to MML circuit topologies. This paper analyses
the case of an MML ternary inverter used as a quantizer, and determines the
relations that circuit representative parameters must verify to avoid this
malfunction.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | multiplevalued logic mvl circuits are one of the most attractive applications of the monostabletomultistable transition logic mml and they are on the basis of advanced circuits for communications the operation of such quantizer has two steps sampling and holding once the quantizer samples the signal it must maintain the sampled value even if the input changes however holding property is not inherent to mml circuit topologies this paper analyses the case of an mml ternary inverter used as a quantizer and determines the relations that circuit representative parameters must verify to avoid this malfunction | [['multiplevalued', 'logic', 'mvl', 'circuits', 'are', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'attractive', 'applications', 'of', 'the', 'monostabletomultistable', 'transition', 'logic', 'mml', 'and', 'they', 'are', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'advanced', 'circuits', 'for', 'communications', 'the', 'operation', 'of', 'such', 'quantizer', 'has', 'two', 'steps', 'sampling', 'and', 'holding', 'once', 'the', 'quantizer', 'samples', 'the', 'signal', 'it', 'must', 'maintain', 'the', 'sampled', 'value', 'even', 'if', 'the', 'input', 'changes', 'however', 'holding', 'property', 'is', 'not', 'inherent', 'to', 'mml', 'circuit', 'topologies', 'this', 'paper', 'analyses', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'an', 'mml', 'ternary', 'inverter', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'quantizer', 'and', 'determines', 'the', 'relations', 'that', 'circuit', 'representative', 'parameters', 'must', 'verify', 'to', 'avoid', 'this', 'malfunction']] | [-0.165732679568151, 0.08596916103836334, -0.058055785464583544, 0.05828025446759076, -0.0674132360408323, -0.19427208773421265, 0.0765890210343685, 0.40079941011724934, -0.27964612911330156, -0.30598719850663214, 0.15614981425585606, -0.2537042210980128, -0.15127549021910394, 0.19749988619017825, -0.11011463824299074, 0.1232693482913898, 0.03768178735489166, 0.04188712426931948, -0.0564543541272982, -0.26242683545476003, 0.24559214978193444, 0.047261169160245566, 0.2914835457459733, -0.0512549123446387, 0.11118193975930173, 0.006022712761556269, 0.04359162940833998, 0.01202896114699142, -0.07304138101686496, 0.07016969108098169, 0.29533499647783096, 0.18532413761481964, 0.28479831008821405, -0.44212421925077516, -0.17877808830109976, 0.1355537571631352, 0.10132674088761691, 0.10672309185548495, -0.021810704708269606, -0.19906933885318057, 0.11574837025655534, -0.13441435340541585, -0.023122839359266144, -0.06244738868648006, 0.022521523838882805, 0.03609098529478195, -0.2893851879253102, -0.05062935737171961, 0.11180997676947103, 0.02703202131294435, -0.007775399280631895, -0.13091842174249632, -0.013598753675137477, 0.1487613427352601, -0.03258251202773423, -0.0008743786934002113, 0.1643300260447206, -0.10993206049365703, -0.13062201491031314, 0.3482754119741981, 0.05140416757754421, -0.19429534401303977, 0.13046408114674432, -0.0717522309722519, -0.13336220906386453, 0.0907226434172762, 0.15003381994983522, 0.04563556475344525, -0.15536452424011485, 0.06953912377620357, 0.029621069910385274, 0.23907237060328004, 0.08679774808647331, 0.08231788009945903, 0.1759055626168046, 0.19827745879890138, 0.06108875292283233, 0.14794057423889798, -0.06105357961058216, -0.0731468387098322, -0.30513555119915675, -0.1561109720308694, -0.22051714615075177, -0.014548818768416431, -0.08839732956504875, -0.19505738970443046, 0.3783182738529098, 0.17116097551119583, 0.1323484640708694, 0.09850706603698513, 0.34153659494032945, 0.15096134242666784, 0.13540099143621423, 0.05524426770286374, 0.2194535321193329, 0.15467635863610812, 0.0765165639991161, -0.18354393148754714, 0.15374859396909032, -0.0032087859988052356] |
708.1453 | Nano Calculators | The whole circuit is obtained from the sun through a molecule called
"Rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin". These molecules have the capability of
trapping and storing energy from the sun light. These molecules are placed on
the outer surface of the calculator to trap the energy and store it themselves
for latter usage. The thickness of the whole circuit measures less than
300nm.The top layer is made up of layer which will show the different keys and
a display unit. "Molecules are not only meant for compounding But also for
computing".
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the whole circuit is obtained from the sun through a molecule called rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin these molecules have the capability of trapping and storing energy from the sun light these molecules are placed on the outer surface of the calculator to trap the energy and store it themselves for latter usage the thickness of the whole circuit measures less than 300nmthe top layer is made up of layer which will show the different keys and a display unit molecules are not only meant for compounding but also for computing | [['the', 'whole', 'circuit', 'is', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'sun', 'through', 'a', 'molecule', 'called', 'rhodopsin', 'and', 'bacteriorhodopsin', 'these', 'molecules', 'have', 'the', 'capability', 'of', 'trapping', 'and', 'storing', 'energy', 'from', 'the', 'sun', 'light', 'these', 'molecules', 'are', 'placed', 'on', 'the', 'outer', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'calculator', 'to', 'trap', 'the', 'energy', 'and', 'store', 'it', 'themselves', 'for', 'latter', 'usage', 'the', 'thickness', 'of', 'the', 'whole', 'circuit', 'measures', 'less', 'than', '300nmthe', 'top', 'layer', 'is', 'made', 'up', 'of', 'layer', 'which', 'will', 'show', 'the', 'different', 'keys', 'and', 'a', 'display', 'unit', 'molecules', 'are', 'not', 'only', 'meant', 'for', 'compounding', 'but', 'also', 'for', 'computing']] | [-0.07598357141236275, 0.15212404414672742, -0.024944836497359738, 0.028273139543175188, -0.010911804549819366, -0.16021469549741596, 0.07108595210857774, 0.4015033487653868, -0.26246378011009336, -0.3280370247613808, 0.0981967852937735, -0.2920111348979514, -0.07826499064156617, 0.23567649762315507, -0.02108169052454204, 0.023696159658191555, 0.05475376949074085, 0.056663420273583724, 0.0027495043627409773, -0.22006223477761855, 0.2590112045449628, 0.07145529846787792, 0.24481155779424377, 0.0830515932281163, 0.06699198878116229, -0.05349489304088903, 0.0075401765379038725, -0.04163038594097915, -0.07868744665756822, 0.1838294350997206, 0.1867563149108636, 0.07640626463001933, 0.1911616071381352, -0.503165781582621, -0.2121835332363844, 0.05860663766295395, 0.14045865458055315, 0.11683783447237643, -0.0492329608067931, -0.26898797493512655, 0.06262600155208599, -0.12237935792654753, -0.08251810080202465, -0.0394324474460022, 0.03180614023850384, 0.06087662184092386, -0.21693418569471265, -0.005493950779055012, 0.026975005589933557, 0.05812924941578372, -0.05787025841048241, -0.13863203799436716, -0.07634009976490316, 0.16874755348015408, -0.0036072083484296772, 0.01081791073507206, 0.21816741044379093, -0.11655951198719611, -0.015731807676440276, 0.3861400415612893, -0.0285258658571944, -0.1858121329754464, 0.17920585806396874, -0.1397050431696698, -0.061583985849706965, 0.1546150130240924, 0.14837758398657155, 0.10796221024991776, -0.15454434442587875, 0.04410848354613832, -0.0312867222554897, 0.20989738570113498, 0.11237886285578663, 0.06889252486606975, 0.2246621293756603, 0.16362609900534153, 0.05481495199439285, 0.15036721720190888, -0.1396309860257051, -0.09031613058918579, -0.26270668555728416, -0.20770657836692408, -0.2072303673432378, 0.005717853753760044, -0.043516230001511176, -0.16127950923559678, 0.3842214332385497, 0.09144166791388257, 0.16856371116062457, 0.024336231378997167, 0.2831753554320047, 0.06785163721426878, 0.17791349232323805, 0.08623169087249236, 0.23449079023504799, 0.0819289168046618, 0.11011153992413628, -0.1882197156506167, 0.07169274091508916, 0.009048274347812614] |
708.1454 | Cell Architecture for Nanoelectronic Design | Several nanoelectronic devices have been already proved. However, no
architecture which makes use of them provides a feasible opportunity to build
medium/large systems. Nanoarchitecture proposals only solve a small part of the
problems needed to achieve a real design. In this paper, we propose and analyze
a cell architecture that overcomes most of those at the gate level. Using the
cell structure we build 2 and 3-input NAND gates showing their error
probabilities. Finally, we outline a method to further improve the structure's
tolerance by taking advantage of interferences among nanodevices. Using this
improvement we show that it is possible to reduce the output standard deviation
by a factor larger than $\sqrt{2}$ and restitute the signal levels using
nanodevices.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | several nanoelectronic devices have been already proved however no architecture which makes use of them provides a feasible opportunity to build mediumlarge systems nanoarchitecture proposals only solve a small part of the problems needed to achieve a real design in this paper we propose and analyze a cell architecture that overcomes most of those at the gate level using the cell structure we build 2 and 3input nand gates showing their error probabilities finally we outline a method to further improve the structures tolerance by taking advantage of interferences among nanodevices using this improvement we show that it is possible to reduce the output standard deviation by a factor larger than sqrt2 and restitute the signal levels using nanodevices | [['several', 'nanoelectronic', 'devices', 'have', 'been', 'already', 'proved', 'however', 'no', 'architecture', 'which', 'makes', 'use', 'of', 'them', 'provides', 'a', 'feasible', 'opportunity', 'to', 'build', 'mediumlarge', 'systems', 'nanoarchitecture', 'proposals', 'only', 'solve', 'a', 'small', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'problems', 'needed', 'to', 'achieve', 'a', 'real', 'design', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'propose', 'and', 'analyze', 'a', 'cell', 'architecture', 'that', 'overcomes', 'most', 'of', 'those', 'at', 'the', 'gate', 'level', 'using', 'the', 'cell', 'structure', 'we', 'build', '2', 'and', '3input', 'nand', 'gates', 'showing', 'their', 'error', 'probabilities', 'finally', 'we', 'outline', 'a', 'method', 'to', 'further', 'improve', 'the', 'structures', 'tolerance', 'by', 'taking', 'advantage', 'of', 'interferences', 'among', 'nanodevices', 'using', 'this', 'improvement', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'reduce', 'the', 'output', 'standard', 'deviation', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'larger', 'than', 'sqrt2', 'and', 'restitute', 'the', 'signal', 'levels', 'using', 'nanodevices']] | [-0.12308640313981953, 0.042077157583277104, -0.03524190347278649, 0.04819989674310279, -0.04932267294596818, -0.16658683062404772, 0.11840571874014685, 0.4076959715398439, -0.23830163473030552, -0.3351003134907302, 0.07708056750056191, -0.23331680655542572, -0.20379896578773604, 0.2397344334650848, -0.08170184853163122, 0.07005264981495911, 0.07540594093438427, -0.01792657751416377, -0.06972048596836138, -0.2656099340701831, 0.2540094894633265, 0.06530845907351034, 0.28862483964017516, 0.03802046995467932, 0.13217548888681804, -0.05676479859798515, 0.02141530537914674, 0.016704997071459636, -0.093109453721115, 0.1705390694709021, 0.24826805941539548, 0.1271857867079419, 0.31168644018352853, -0.45764686436376584, -0.20595308242294685, 0.08305481405360467, 0.13045491353348213, 0.14701653308515295, -0.04493613246733607, -0.23638996354035907, 0.14318797924315116, -0.1928088738172615, -0.0858577286756264, -0.11160393191059514, -0.014211085228391497, -0.02010033454970946, -0.26210951523991477, -0.008068737858053992, 0.050518387733264114, 0.006987780999486982, 0.0013600916021367362, -0.1299870644392193, 0.06760271060501494, 0.14499241194166876, -0.03318551723782163, 0.01117291921967743, 0.1413682582472467, -0.10986928727825061, -0.16665438535007632, 0.3733281696972958, -0.012321020256638155, -0.18434965793414326, 0.15892122002215897, -0.11014482713111093, -0.11111552388233653, 0.09926526235037689, 0.16385918742803446, 0.06978379443714047, -0.1683188249703331, 0.06442531557226854, 0.03223587517326666, 0.20379804882962824, 0.07946949659144285, 0.06431500175948081, 0.16159112378954887, 0.2403008329161143, 0.08918116341337119, 0.16637278264940922, -0.0981969864983743, -0.03647749106374064, -0.2483577356729025, -0.17537498958724534, -0.16213601724623497, 0.044317480259559165, -0.03033627635344046, -0.1254088565612496, 0.3914433721437166, 0.22687325347214937, 0.20419810391899387, 0.0771387880303013, 0.3367192388149136, 0.09670152561344458, 0.14258587049563037, 0.06751585099056868, 0.21915337214072755, 0.09926955078696927, 0.07611168231775636, -0.17811737601226985, 0.06409413559003181, 0.0014637222955540075] |
708.1455 | Towards a Holistic CAD Platform for Nanotechnologies | Silicon-based CMOS technologies are predicted to reach their ultimate limits
by the middle of the next decade. Research on nanotechnologies is actively
conducted, in a world-wide effort to develop new technologies able to maintain
the Moore's law. They promise revolutionizing the computing systems by
integrating tremendous numbers of devices at low cost. These trends will have a
profound impact on the architectures of computing systems and will require a
new paradigm of CAD. The paper presents a work in progress on this direction.
It is aimed at fitting requirements and constraints of nanotechnologies, in an
effort to achieve efficient use of the huge computing power promised by them.
To achieve this goal we are developing CAD tools able to exploit efficiently
these huge computing capabilities promised by nanotechnologies in the domain of
simulation of complex systems composed by huge numbers of relatively simple
elements.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | siliconbased cmos technologies are predicted to reach their ultimate limits by the middle of the next decade research on nanotechnologies is actively conducted in a worldwide effort to develop new technologies able to maintain the moores law they promise revolutionizing the computing systems by integrating tremendous numbers of devices at low cost these trends will have a profound impact on the architectures of computing systems and will require a new paradigm of cad the paper presents a work in progress on this direction it is aimed at fitting requirements and constraints of nanotechnologies in an effort to achieve efficient use of the huge computing power promised by them to achieve this goal we are developing cad tools able to exploit efficiently these huge computing capabilities promised by nanotechnologies in the domain of simulation of complex systems composed by huge numbers of relatively simple elements | [['siliconbased', 'cmos', 'technologies', 'are', 'predicted', 'to', 'reach', 'their', 'ultimate', 'limits', 'by', 'the', 'middle', 'of', 'the', 'next', 'decade', 'research', 'on', 'nanotechnologies', 'is', 'actively', 'conducted', 'in', 'a', 'worldwide', 'effort', 'to', 'develop', 'new', 'technologies', 'able', 'to', 'maintain', 'the', 'moores', 'law', 'they', 'promise', 'revolutionizing', 'the', 'computing', 'systems', 'by', 'integrating', 'tremendous', 'numbers', 'of', 'devices', 'at', 'low', 'cost', 'these', 'trends', 'will', 'have', 'a', 'profound', 'impact', 'on', 'the', 'architectures', 'of', 'computing', 'systems', 'and', 'will', 'require', 'a', 'new', 'paradigm', 'of', 'cad', 'the', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'work', 'in', 'progress', 'on', 'this', 'direction', 'it', 'is', 'aimed', 'at', 'fitting', 'requirements', 'and', 'constraints', 'of', 'nanotechnologies', 'in', 'an', 'effort', 'to', 'achieve', 'efficient', 'use', 'of', 'the', 'huge', 'computing', 'power', 'promised', 'by', 'them', 'to', 'achieve', 'this', 'goal', 'we', 'are', 'developing', 'cad', 'tools', 'able', 'to', 'exploit', 'efficiently', 'these', 'huge', 'computing', 'capabilities', 'promised', 'by', 'nanotechnologies', 'in', 'the', 'domain', 'of', 'simulation', 'of', 'complex', 'systems', 'composed', 'by', 'huge', 'numbers', 'of', 'relatively', 'simple', 'elements']] | [-0.1194916666621187, 0.08049497247389405, -0.043278693968507774, -0.005893234034172363, -0.10049457648387437, -0.12615729680207247, 0.06748600258086096, 0.37535451225832933, -0.2546234769365078, -0.3807453345313358, 0.13945909625747138, -0.24379137557439712, -0.16068650165996384, 0.28676664958281134, -0.12002853542152378, 0.12138397664077477, 0.07385951469607083, -0.03421049598061169, -0.04379601481074739, -0.2782781200302351, 0.2732685416485765, 0.12268584547564387, 0.33145846938714385, 0.07097133849230078, 0.07838520693379299, -0.07838617779068752, -0.045291431571563914, -0.0033834522293748, -0.11417860431093788, 0.27148841362375403, 0.3248492460762564, 0.1655402614172393, 0.3635801956988871, -0.5168543537147343, -0.18316302576567978, 0.10181559890689743, 0.1554909350258337, 0.07200114590442455, -0.10225508814781076, -0.23123024365890565, 0.1135004343191718, -0.21167576486024903, -0.1553500020154388, -0.11597999469086062, 0.031116604001403578, 0.015832742320425395, -0.17121525885643982, -0.06100836740289298, -0.00222461941302754, 0.0637680214131251, 0.033020402940564964, -0.09936618309519771, 0.0718554490562787, 0.18053592019714415, -0.0302974076758902, 0.020108043512057822, 0.11926485886538608, -0.19129352636001487, -0.16441728776165596, 0.3905261649310382, -0.000770957208361425, -0.14837431483142105, 0.21281155216759848, -0.1128074779375715, -0.15399668473724482, 0.12577995110122073, 0.2516276947507221, 0.04875652095006444, -0.17663926927424553, 0.09304862134518367, 0.07893248821751007, 0.14643998406892125, 0.0027542668912145826, 0.05569696915982705, 0.29680982547708684, 0.2579337263402219, 0.07089765168752314, 0.09224516721830393, -0.024553116736165573, -0.07155834376559748, -0.18702541194700947, -0.17139413975463766, -0.1915304192678175, 0.029243632016004995, 0.004541427679820724, -0.09835285776191288, 0.35457126155395396, 0.19667611833817014, 0.11803224962851447, 0.05308798933240016, 0.3709313257996756, 0.06335969876413906, 0.1661510921468208, 0.05103321262868121, 0.23903340993355313, 0.09695583317564645, 0.1959325857298811, -0.15108957316826693, 0.06408595923939073, -0.03540832058448965] |
708.1456 | Nanostructured Immunosensors. Application to the detection of
Progesterone | A novel nanostructured electrochemical immunsensor for the determination of
progesterone is reported. The approach combines the properties of gold
nanoparticles with the use of a graphite-Teflon composite electrode matrix,
into which gold nanoparticles are incorporated by simple physical inclusion.
The antibody anti-progesterone was directly attached to the electrode surface.
The immunosensor functioning is based on competitive assay between progesterone
and alkaline phosphatase-labelled progesterone. Monitoring of the affinity
reaction was accomplished by the electrochemical oxidation of 1-naphtol.
Modification of the graphite -Teflon electrode matrix with gold nanoparticles
improves substantially the electrooxidation response of 1-naphtol. Using a
detection potential of +0.3V, a detection limit for progesterone of 0.84 ng
ml-1 was obtained. Analysis of seven milk samples spiked at a 3.5 ng ml-1
progesterone concentration level yielded a mean recovery of 101+6%. Detection
of the antigen-antibody reaction with a graphite - Teflon - colloidal - gold -
Tyrosinase electrode, using phenylphosphate as alkaline phosphatase substrate
to generate phenol, which is subsequently reduced at -0.1 V at the composite
electrode, produced a high improvement in the sensitivity for progesterone
detection
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a novel nanostructured electrochemical immunsensor for the determination of progesterone is reported the approach combines the properties of gold nanoparticles with the use of a graphiteteflon composite electrode matrix into which gold nanoparticles are incorporated by simple physical inclusion the antibody antiprogesterone was directly attached to the electrode surface the immunosensor functioning is based on competitive assay between progesterone and alkaline phosphataselabelled progesterone monitoring of the affinity reaction was accomplished by the electrochemical oxidation of 1naphtol modification of the graphite teflon electrode matrix with gold nanoparticles improves substantially the electrooxidation response of 1naphtol using a detection potential of 03v a detection limit for progesterone of 084 ng ml1 was obtained analysis of seven milk samples spiked at a 35 ng ml1 progesterone concentration level yielded a mean recovery of 1016 detection of the antigenantibody reaction with a graphite teflon colloidal gold tyrosinase electrode using phenylphosphate as alkaline phosphatase substrate to generate phenol which is subsequently reduced at 01 v at the composite electrode produced a high improvement in the sensitivity for progesterone detection | [['a', 'novel', 'nanostructured', 'electrochemical', 'immunsensor', 'for', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'progesterone', 'is', 'reported', 'the', 'approach', 'combines', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'gold', 'nanoparticles', 'with', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'a', 'graphiteteflon', 'composite', 'electrode', 'matrix', 'into', 'which', 'gold', 'nanoparticles', 'are', 'incorporated', 'by', 'simple', 'physical', 'inclusion', 'the', 'antibody', 'antiprogesterone', 'was', 'directly', 'attached', 'to', 'the', 'electrode', 'surface', 'the', 'immunosensor', 'functioning', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'competitive', 'assay', 'between', 'progesterone', 'and', 'alkaline', 'phosphataselabelled', 'progesterone', 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708.1457 | Fusion Phage as a Bioselective Nanomaterial : Evolution of the Concept | Multibillion-clone landscape phage display libraries were prepared by the
fusion of the phage major coat protein pVIII with foreign random peptides.
Phage particles and their proteins specific for cancer and bacterial cells were
selected from the landscape libraries and exploited as molecular recognition
interfaces in detection, gene- and drug-delivery systems. The biorecognition
interfaces were obtained by incorporation of the cell-specific phage fusion
proteins into liposomes using intrinsic structural duplicity of the proteins.
As a paradigm, we incorporated targeted pVIII proteins into commercially
available therapeutic liposomes "Doxil", which acquired a new emergent
property-ability to bind target receptors. Targeting of the drug was evidenced
by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, microarray, optical and electron
microscopy. In contrast to a poorly controllable conjugation targeting, the new
landscape phage-based approach relies on very powerful and extremely precise
mechanisms of selection, biosynthesis and self assembly, in which phages
themselves serve as a source of the final product.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | multibillionclone landscape phage display libraries were prepared by the fusion of the phage major coat protein pviii with foreign random peptides phage particles and their proteins specific for cancer and bacterial cells were selected from the landscape libraries and exploited as molecular recognition interfaces in detection gene and drugdelivery systems the biorecognition interfaces were obtained by incorporation of the cellspecific phage fusion proteins into liposomes using intrinsic structural duplicity of the proteins as a paradigm we incorporated targeted pviii proteins into commercially available therapeutic liposomes doxil which acquired a new emergent propertyability to bind target receptors targeting of the drug was evidenced by fluorescenceactivated cell sorting microarray optical and electron microscopy in contrast to a poorly controllable conjugation targeting the new landscape phagebased approach relies on very powerful and extremely precise mechanisms of selection biosynthesis and self assembly in which phages themselves serve as a source of the final product | [['multibillionclone', 'landscape', 'phage', 'display', 'libraries', 'were', 'prepared', 'by', 'the', 'fusion', 'of', 'the', 'phage', 'major', 'coat', 'protein', 'pviii', 'with', 'foreign', 'random', 'peptides', 'phage', 'particles', 'and', 'their', 'proteins', 'specific', 'for', 'cancer', 'and', 'bacterial', 'cells', 'were', 'selected', 'from', 'the', 'landscape', 'libraries', 'and', 'exploited', 'as', 'molecular', 'recognition', 'interfaces', 'in', 'detection', 'gene', 'and', 'drugdelivery', 'systems', 'the', 'biorecognition', 'interfaces', 'were', 'obtained', 'by', 'incorporation', 'of', 'the', 'cellspecific', 'phage', 'fusion', 'proteins', 'into', 'liposomes', 'using', 'intrinsic', 'structural', 'duplicity', 'of', 'the', 'proteins', 'as', 'a', 'paradigm', 'we', 'incorporated', 'targeted', 'pviii', 'proteins', 'into', 'commercially', 'available', 'therapeutic', 'liposomes', 'doxil', 'which', 'acquired', 'a', 'new', 'emergent', 'propertyability', 'to', 'bind', 'target', 'receptors', 'targeting', 'of', 'the', 'drug', 'was', 'evidenced', 'by', 'fluorescenceactivated', 'cell', 'sorting', 'microarray', 'optical', 'and', 'electron', 'microscopy', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'a', 'poorly', 'controllable', 'conjugation', 'targeting', 'the', 'new', 'landscape', 'phagebased', 'approach', 'relies', 'on', 'very', 'powerful', 'and', 'extremely', 'precise', 'mechanisms', 'of', 'selection', 'biosynthesis', 'and', 'self', 'assembly', 'in', 'which', 'phages', 'themselves', 'serve', 'as', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'the', 'final', 'product']] | [-0.0511300275957554, 0.1594150109805775, -0.028228371766028406, 0.05227719078816119, -0.02571044517300871, -0.23299019733684606, 0.09136160583746918, 0.40626210367408433, -0.23883443956182585, -0.288678708606634, 0.02226468166819501, -0.2607365531124631, -0.19496459363117105, 0.16815615411163592, -0.05733522377541165, 0.013027060273002246, 0.08169753540174238, -0.04879338802060201, 0.1493191733500179, -0.19728794784544884, 0.18984348563553424, 0.08943301870734716, 0.3099488576551025, 0.031026779262184286, 0.1269202783155781, 0.006885265411973811, -0.018934364391009317, -0.03047781680919686, -0.14585982581844464, 0.19120243184116423, 0.29800716035569336, 0.15835628285370515, 0.24397003549930393, -0.47689587105901876, -0.23038183115454403, 0.05371779714216839, 0.2058026734739542, 0.15677597575035376, -0.11478489933164829, -0.28049293885935656, 0.06860249692282709, -0.13533131831795212, -0.03080952913519375, -0.09036024937209781, -0.007126421635957802, 0.0991375389026611, -0.20997273057325408, 0.09040623568144919, -0.03711283452441396, 0.12044081362882997, -0.13410272953562996, -0.16711350669450806, -0.0987455014418177, 0.21882905076466957, 0.034544748562977325, 0.020837021458634256, 0.33264989764302916, -0.11471419063631166, -0.10621354456826233, 0.3433831823723657, 0.016022830033836394, -0.15113246502817235, 0.24016156188152146, -0.03502101901456156, -0.14826357054688846, 0.158342480349044, 0.15329338585146937, 0.11506910036915127, -0.2687458196959021, -0.004232231099522818, 0.07746226664752934, 0.19762615580745294, 0.13535770303791478, -0.03550703855085687, 0.21743709234074138, 0.25014119938674834, -0.05165183112075945, 0.15708250117759048, -0.0960573821319077, -0.05033402430522414, -0.13915587470036786, -0.18062280952220872, -0.11449262757506855, 0.04092251286734225, -0.049417765385912395, -0.1905332548341074, 0.3476928388002981, 0.013836957210279704, 0.15498270473715225, -0.0009823357211235836, 0.2183114518055084, -0.10087542640572718, 0.1748291365723094, -0.0903532542763468, 0.12646513245287067, 0.059576392311564814, 0.11116008269188761, -0.24517421431516354, 0.14964762188139416, -0.0024763981551945615] |
708.1458 | DNA Nanorobotics | This paper presents a molecular mechanics study for new nanorobotic
structures using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations coupled to virtual reality
(VR) techniques. The operator can design and characterize through molecular
dynamics simulation the behavior of bionanorobotic components and structures
through 3-D visualization. The main novelty of the proposed simulations is
based on the mechanical characterization of passive/active robotic devices
based on double stranded DNA molecules. Their use as new DNA-based nanojoint
and nanotweezer are simulated and results discussed.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper presents a molecular mechanics study for new nanorobotic structures using molecular dynamics md simulations coupled to virtual reality vr techniques the operator can design and characterize through molecular dynamics simulation the behavior of bionanorobotic components and structures through 3d visualization the main novelty of the proposed simulations is based on the mechanical characterization of passiveactive robotic devices based on double stranded dna molecules their use as new dnabased nanojoint and nanotweezer are simulated and results discussed | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'molecular', 'mechanics', 'study', 'for', 'new', 'nanorobotic', 'structures', 'using', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'md', 'simulations', 'coupled', 'to', 'virtual', 'reality', 'vr', 'techniques', 'the', 'operator', 'can', 'design', 'and', 'characterize', 'through', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'simulation', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'bionanorobotic', 'components', 'and', 'structures', 'through', '3d', 'visualization', 'the', 'main', 'novelty', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'simulations', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'mechanical', 'characterization', 'of', 'passiveactive', 'robotic', 'devices', 'based', 'on', 'double', 'stranded', 'dna', 'molecules', 'their', 'use', 'as', 'new', 'dnabased', 'nanojoint', 'and', 'nanotweezer', 'are', 'simulated', 'and', 'results', 'discussed']] | [-0.11158832589785259, 0.048048930633813144, -0.0906552371258537, -0.0038232275222738585, -0.03853268462543686, -0.10861014711981018, 0.00792796021172156, 0.3895203584805131, -0.258925788042446, -0.27182360711197057, 0.05814886865516504, -0.21561027163018784, -0.27535967351247864, 0.23806176712115606, -0.01885594885175427, 0.07411342528803895, 0.11686877379193902, -0.06820217980692785, -0.010772931302587191, -0.12950454303994774, 0.2950100027521451, 0.08424749426543712, 0.28150335329274334, 0.05096693933475763, 0.10125228268404801, 0.01667958707238237, -0.013674590590720376, -0.01299990214407444, -0.1762231625802815, 0.19427029498542348, 0.20197685530719658, 0.12175817014028628, 0.2480639728407065, -0.5210375604778528, -0.22124325243135293, 0.009107738807797432, 0.17286069589977462, 0.08592829423646133, -0.09155805836431682, -0.2846821375191212, 0.09834572797641158, -0.1251435597985983, -0.13460238625276058, -0.1226060148794204, -0.04002284035707514, 0.10875307176883021, -0.19529025750855605, 0.0053458195055524505, -0.050531913759186864, 0.11764813661575317, -0.057445658038098674, -0.09714695580303669, 0.004005253650248051, 0.14930736486800014, -0.06115039504133165, -0.038729168949648736, 0.2365041968350609, -0.09978732309304178, -0.19360973088691633, 0.43471708774566653, -0.018537761628006896, -0.210345812177596, 0.26669607222390673, -0.07183918604316811, -0.1368993662421902, 0.11440698116396865, 0.19527385933945576, 0.12685876863077283, -0.18438378074516854, 0.029860659250989557, -0.0016196833178400993, 0.169944017312179, -0.0012116801956047615, 0.0066395773366093635, 0.18566615684578816, 0.24720636094609896, -0.0500750425249377, 0.16782907066556316, -0.09976920010832449, -0.17972011651843786, -0.2284887044504285, -0.20743417685230572, -0.18569471240664523, 0.025924807886282604, -0.033380942412186414, -0.152415502940615, 0.3689850790177782, 0.13669607585140814, 0.12421453405637294, 0.023533571710189185, 0.36178942474847037, 0.011538285235874355, 0.04612809567091366, 0.001530286477257808, 0.18383384515376142, 0.1383306509287407, 0.12225387452170253, -0.26454627033788713, 0.046967955936367316, 0.03478534013964236] |
708.1459 | To study the effects of degradation of phonon distribution on the high
frequency response in nano structures | Under hot electron condition, the hot carriers phonon excited by ultra-short
pulses in polar semiconductors initially loose energy rapidly by emitting
longitudinal optic phonons via dominant Frolic coupling. Thus, energy supplied
to the carriers by high electric fields goes into phonon generation. As the
phonon life time is long enough, phonon distribution is disturbed and a non
equilibrium population of LO phonons or hot phonons are produced, leading to
their re-absorption by the carriers. In the present work the high frequency
performance of GaN nanostructures is studied in the framework of heated drifted
Fermi-Dirac distribution function incorporating the relevant scattering
mechanisms and the influence of non-equilibrium LO phonons. It is observed that
degradation of phonon distribution enhances significantly 3-dB cut off
frequency thereby makes the high frequency response flatter reflecting that
high frequency response is better if effects of non-equilibrium phonon
distributions are included in the calculations.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | under hot electron condition the hot carriers phonon excited by ultrashort pulses in polar semiconductors initially loose energy rapidly by emitting longitudinal optic phonons via dominant frolic coupling thus energy supplied to the carriers by high electric fields goes into phonon generation as the phonon life time is long enough phonon distribution is disturbed and a non equilibrium population of lo phonons or hot phonons are produced leading to their reabsorption by the carriers in the present work the high frequency performance of gan nanostructures is studied in the framework of heated drifted fermidirac distribution function incorporating the relevant scattering mechanisms and the influence of nonequilibrium lo phonons it is observed that degradation of phonon distribution enhances significantly 3db cut off frequency thereby makes the high frequency response flatter reflecting that high frequency response is better if effects of nonequilibrium phonon distributions are included in the calculations | [['under', 'hot', 'electron', 'condition', 'the', 'hot', 'carriers', 'phonon', 'excited', 'by', 'ultrashort', 'pulses', 'in', 'polar', 'semiconductors', 'initially', 'loose', 'energy', 'rapidly', 'by', 'emitting', 'longitudinal', 'optic', 'phonons', 'via', 'dominant', 'frolic', 'coupling', 'thus', 'energy', 'supplied', 'to', 'the', 'carriers', 'by', 'high', 'electric', 'fields', 'goes', 'into', 'phonon', 'generation', 'as', 'the', 'phonon', 'life', 'time', 'is', 'long', 'enough', 'phonon', 'distribution', 'is', 'disturbed', 'and', 'a', 'non', 'equilibrium', 'population', 'of', 'lo', 'phonons', 'or', 'hot', 'phonons', 'are', 'produced', 'leading', 'to', 'their', 'reabsorption', 'by', 'the', 'carriers', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'work', 'the', 'high', 'frequency', 'performance', 'of', 'gan', 'nanostructures', 'is', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'heated', 'drifted', 'fermidirac', 'distribution', 'function', 'incorporating', 'the', 'relevant', 'scattering', 'mechanisms', 'and', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'nonequilibrium', 'lo', 'phonons', 'it', 'is', 'observed', 'that', 'degradation', 'of', 'phonon', 'distribution', 'enhances', 'significantly', '3db', 'cut', 'off', 'frequency', 'thereby', 'makes', 'the', 'high', 'frequency', 'response', 'flatter', 'reflecting', 'that', 'high', 'frequency', 'response', 'is', 'better', 'if', 'effects', 'of', 'nonequilibrium', 'phonon', 'distributions', 'are', 'included', 'in', 'the', 'calculations']] | [-0.11422493839508867, 0.31283048940152697, -0.08556668931133535, 0.07176742033653395, -0.04782323663646024, -0.12005149405481523, 0.08041876073996855, 0.4298493486433609, -0.2447264428052745, -0.2420193015738097, -0.030759512960323938, -0.3374502424753513, -0.035853751212651906, 0.18633676290014528, 0.012617002065893109, 0.00914902876335362, 0.02508084270911776, -0.08533545820782446, 0.042353081110265256, -0.16420078460025053, 0.23093318509349395, 0.1270383497566935, 0.37166114038570897, 0.10166200823333969, 0.05280893719404273, 0.05074728566400503, 0.034986381147898836, -0.06251376034845024, -0.07235186243135154, 0.04559460863445516, 0.2618793242695512, -0.05764499385777402, 0.2925970429293046, -0.45840222590079865, -0.27454321349218286, 0.0032151551336713443, 0.18009460330558047, 0.11136434902755978, -0.05100453022089213, -0.19711682463881292, 0.009655285352356222, -0.14831344131300583, -0.14683059612065807, -0.045489670322850756, 0.003648846757866136, 0.029940937526925938, -0.22668893332593143, 0.16129011554844447, 0.07290487523367692, 0.021565333086459446, -0.09331220862685308, -0.1023579949404636, -0.11393617696052238, 0.07683261023190077, 0.07611549935903247, 0.012303327502083187, 0.23862279427823074, -0.11705998346617777, -0.031648660062697447, 0.38264597178443194, -0.11043730717509577, -0.09594293194523955, 0.16491776043294024, -0.21237787875436145, 0.02107295026039475, 0.2536569590941837, 0.15595748890446473, 0.1066889108357192, -0.1643366925737323, 0.021524405182651817, 0.07762406755969158, 0.1353797349115604, 0.09788855843163057, 0.14624241997219928, 0.24203592391002107, 0.14845396574803513, -0.0008069352846439571, 0.15497883032586374, -0.09808960773628078, -0.02587607807371357, -0.19905640055706136, -0.0893943666046715, -0.24285558914153338, 0.0642964160029955, -0.04775015092817652, -0.14326541584418856, 0.41619419200626545, 0.10876878698370204, 0.12306936084586259, -0.020719335314001226, 0.33049579404855833, 0.18612982575982578, 0.07984724525068823, 0.1026998715449686, 0.2785874505795232, 0.19203625455951598, 0.09610237661519483, -0.32494911061893283, 0.07209829606230639, -0.04773112119985617] |
708.146 | Warm inflation in the DGP brane-world model | Warm inflationary universe models on a warped Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati brane
are studied. General conditions required for these models to be realizable are
derived and discussed. By using an effective exponential potential we develop
models for constant and variable dissipation coefficient ratio
$r=\frac{\Gamma}{3 H}$. We use recent astronomical observations for
constraining the parameters appearing in our models.
| gr-qc astro-ph hep-th | warm inflationary universe models on a warped dvaligabadadzeporrati brane are studied general conditions required for these models to be realizable are derived and discussed by using an effective exponential potential we develop models for constant and variable dissipation coefficient ratio rfracgamma3 h we use recent astronomical observations for constraining the parameters appearing in our models | [['warm', 'inflationary', 'universe', 'models', 'on', 'a', 'warped', 'dvaligabadadzeporrati', 'brane', 'are', 'studied', 'general', 'conditions', 'required', 'for', 'these', 'models', 'to', 'be', 'realizable', 'are', 'derived', 'and', 'discussed', 'by', 'using', 'an', 'effective', 'exponential', 'potential', 'we', 'develop', 'models', 'for', 'constant', 'and', 'variable', 'dissipation', 'coefficient', 'ratio', 'rfracgamma3', 'h', 'we', 'use', 'recent', 'astronomical', 'observations', 'for', 'constraining', 'the', 'parameters', 'appearing', 'in', 'our', 'models']] | [-0.09580586984305194, 0.12387380068846848, -0.025463312381395587, 0.1324295272567758, -0.10886462491126386, -0.19747060391603521, -0.044279941357672215, 0.384011065190727, -0.17889018101548707, -0.2911049140858705, 0.13353364915302438, -0.18717279994032449, -0.11157255625800679, 0.20489891743960065, -0.038592704468303256, 0.06877679450230466, 0.017473805199929134, -0.05419694145934449, -0.017475773231126368, -0.299916114554637, 0.32881110406446235, 0.1205535112293782, 0.19445245443946785, -0.0005276433830321939, 0.08092189175766651, -0.09690468542329553, -0.06012851384433883, 0.021598666854616668, -0.2779401798853306, 0.12437570698697258, 0.20104067715631876, 0.11273900814423407, 0.15155743695666185, -0.43916048377286643, -0.3330754124111048, 0.1164274250364138, 0.12843873310420248, 0.11158757529186981, -0.05493288857353575, -0.24265294356478584, 0.020591872778755647, -0.17091690006458926, -0.1505116944770432, -0.10255055781453848, 0.04488287921305056, -0.02860550929930199, -0.3424291125050298, 0.12370359404088015, -0.023537165778516618, 0.024872942491331033, -0.12086878691937912, -0.1342381597647478, 0.009269942507941139, 0.02524244796519202, 0.07311007890988279, -0.02815768109306831, 0.11821417739890792, -0.16094849369040243, -0.07310091930924466, 0.37741499826208585, -0.19934423045358723, -0.18577279978328282, 0.18330602221518616, -0.056381773910726664, -0.16743971209076267, 0.019263591052515915, 0.1517150558669258, 0.15113004529848695, -0.13627579423633437, 0.15349864435201097, 0.020533835066965333, 0.11545688176044712, 0.04787298210862058, 0.010720940476016107, 0.2841045330795977, 0.12172830334209182, -0.023016950770936632, 0.10208039426167186, -0.06205658239950598, -0.10553862118265694, -0.3541814716601813, -0.08080739169209092, -0.14219269141580704, 0.03577055111182509, -0.17341578059292967, -0.12326437157915077, 0.3637322757945017, 0.14756726187274413, 0.22497133881336562, 0.04724048015109643, 0.25334433576575033, 0.13702086408631187, 0.03276058514516249, 0.09002598102408767, 0.30154569579840257, 0.1243849144515547, 0.07841177533070247, -0.14721713896357902, 0.03775934171561083, 0.03740921973130079] |
708.1461 | Production and application of metal-based nanoparticles | A number of metal-based nanopowders such kinds as Fe, Co, Fe/Co alloy, Fe/C,
Fe/organic shell were successfully produced by aerosol synthesis method. The
mechanism of nanoparticles formation and the influence of experimental
parameters on shape, size distribution, structure, chemical and phase
composition of oxide-, carbon-, or organic- coated nanoparticles were
evaluated. The sizes of particles can be varied from 6-100 nm with narrow size
distribution. The several application fields of synthesized nanoparticles have
been studied.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a number of metalbased nanopowders such kinds as fe co feco alloy fec feorganic shell were successfully produced by aerosol synthesis method the mechanism of nanoparticles formation and the influence of experimental parameters on shape size distribution structure chemical and phase composition of oxide carbon or organic coated nanoparticles were evaluated the sizes of particles can be varied from 6100 nm with narrow size distribution the several application fields of synthesized nanoparticles have been studied | [['a', 'number', 'of', 'metalbased', 'nanopowders', 'such', 'kinds', 'as', 'fe', 'co', 'feco', 'alloy', 'fec', 'feorganic', 'shell', 'were', 'successfully', 'produced', 'by', 'aerosol', 'synthesis', 'method', 'the', 'mechanism', 'of', 'nanoparticles', 'formation', 'and', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'experimental', 'parameters', 'on', 'shape', 'size', 'distribution', 'structure', 'chemical', 'and', 'phase', 'composition', 'of', 'oxide', 'carbon', 'or', 'organic', 'coated', 'nanoparticles', 'were', 'evaluated', 'the', 'sizes', 'of', 'particles', 'can', 'be', 'varied', 'from', '6100', 'nm', 'with', 'narrow', 'size', 'distribution', 'the', 'several', 'application', 'fields', 'of', 'synthesized', 'nanoparticles', 'have', 'been', 'studied']] | [-0.022978521864609542, 0.1973905035772839, -0.008042243749809426, -0.022238054161740316, 0.02147087442210397, -0.12096884978834439, 0.024584310456506303, 0.5174022613445649, -0.23042208989578727, -0.4054141573708605, 0.046514638576883115, -0.2806485777695638, -0.06074500171077513, 0.1369836872437264, 0.040345646006785134, 0.06661093475397777, -0.007590106683720306, -0.11309889971744269, -0.04308817390906247, -0.21725720129089077, 0.22950337651638766, 0.05340675622023441, 0.307873912294068, 0.06586105242447071, 0.0025863376244701242, -0.07237429939512466, 0.10382332983175041, 0.0313664794949865, -0.12796304893453378, 0.072841454907698, 0.1913513072036408, -0.011056851907129827, 0.15085678522764528, -0.49367289506905787, -0.29146895086867863, 0.016164199241462188, 0.13495625632129157, 0.08084593915909126, -0.15594801372326156, -0.24501580405804152, 0.09744747813533035, -0.14922351796633085, -0.1318899238343678, 0.012739389165732506, 0.009406609177539075, 0.11811076397252446, -0.23469096393012945, -0.008542613390631773, 0.04110052120616987, 0.15120207361650426, -0.12805157188779195, -0.27639417335189675, -0.11223435570561402, 0.09147704873750037, 0.015749871151874196, -0.06982581336302934, 0.30407671338400327, -0.03883664116868179, -0.03329160822102347, 0.3564994346249748, -0.03861717512591969, -0.07425881343314776, 0.17150329758186597, -0.10793765605981084, -0.041946273108289855, 0.2434444422078495, 0.17191703922140436, 0.15810862576236595, -0.1807614698938434, 0.05823097527939575, 0.007896435874942187, 0.29163108579814434, 0.16989883480945955, 0.04613544658531208, 0.2278077091449066, 0.24936657874668772, -0.1318724761635216, 0.19499107278927505, -0.18915924248977792, -0.03451588742334295, -0.09810025426201252, -0.19952079299459788, -0.2086018834993042, 0.04061852596429605, -0.135324847701594, -0.21859618738243305, 0.34306697366205424, 0.07871721592429723, 0.16719652181239547, -0.10011076393562394, 0.21048825415405067, -0.01937395056262864, 0.12716246419900878, -0.0696470039468762, 0.2259385949881697, 0.18111237617700385, 0.12211923352190973, -0.23932010746825286, 0.20991641570612588, 0.0019211907166282872] |
708.1462 | Structural Characterization of Magnetic Nano-particles Suspensions,
Using Magnetic Measurements | The paper describes some characteristics of the "P" curves for structural
characterization of magnetic nano-particles suspensions (complex fluids,
complex powders, complex composite materials, or living biological materials
having magnetic properties). In the case of these materials, the magnetic
properties are conferred to various carrier liquids by artificially integrating
in their structure ferromagnetic particles of different sizes. The magnetic
properties are usually shown by the hysteresis curve. The structure can be seen
on (electronic) micrography. The P curves offer another possibility to
determine the structure of the magnetic component of a complex fluid by
numerical analysis of the magnetization curve experimentally obtained. The
paper presents a detailed approach of the P curves and some limitations in
their use.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the paper describes some characteristics of the p curves for structural characterization of magnetic nanoparticles suspensions complex fluids complex powders complex composite materials or living biological materials having magnetic properties in the case of these materials the magnetic properties are conferred to various carrier liquids by artificially integrating in their structure ferromagnetic particles of different sizes the magnetic properties are usually shown by the hysteresis curve the structure can be seen on electronic micrography the p curves offer another possibility to determine the structure of the magnetic component of a complex fluid by numerical analysis of the magnetization curve experimentally obtained the paper presents a detailed approach of the p curves and some limitations in their use | [['the', 'paper', 'describes', 'some', 'characteristics', 'of', 'the', 'p', 'curves', 'for', 'structural', 'characterization', 'of', 'magnetic', 'nanoparticles', 'suspensions', 'complex', 'fluids', 'complex', 'powders', 'complex', 'composite', 'materials', 'or', 'living', 'biological', 'materials', 'having', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'these', 'materials', 'the', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'are', 'conferred', 'to', 'various', 'carrier', 'liquids', 'by', 'artificially', 'integrating', 'in', 'their', 'structure', 'ferromagnetic', 'particles', 'of', 'different', 'sizes', 'the', 'magnetic', 'properties', 'are', 'usually', 'shown', 'by', 'the', 'hysteresis', 'curve', 'the', 'structure', 'can', 'be', 'seen', 'on', 'electronic', 'micrography', 'the', 'p', 'curves', 'offer', 'another', 'possibility', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'component', 'of', 'a', 'complex', 'fluid', 'by', 'numerical', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'magnetization', 'curve', 'experimentally', 'obtained', 'the', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'detailed', 'approach', 'of', 'the', 'p', 'curves', 'and', 'some', 'limitations', 'in', 'their', 'use']] | [-0.17382599623340508, 0.16487901847865274, -0.09316850169442403, 0.023026949467344418, -0.07369782611664034, -0.09072746202731743, 0.01106484135827766, 0.3997860352516684, -0.2929556214163064, -0.3245844464812778, 0.041335356208838075, -0.2629330840725929, -0.19074130070427608, 0.23880377075730416, -0.007787267223764689, 0.06155034974436315, -0.012997834211907899, -0.029109716097004395, -0.060577700161335304, -0.20872499272585487, 0.2999298002881308, -0.012737313035973068, 0.27627286115167743, 0.026741091281366654, 0.027150279890077237, -0.004894657757005885, 0.042094891865013376, 0.05800428389547727, -0.1506064641647614, 0.13241451011540797, 0.21888370332745916, 0.005228612997815904, 0.17576416942657122, -0.45803723130852747, -0.28183506479343545, 0.07687816663812368, 0.11174626927225827, 0.058949898779153444, -0.04875423643901212, -0.23325879913038358, 0.0880237886061271, -0.07530757778873429, -0.1939090195302971, -0.13125472956010673, 0.0027344430195820383, 0.08042434454819936, -0.17625906926124063, 0.04120807968175564, 0.08270473087317923, 0.1637735139642261, -0.11777177766068941, -0.127864639644917, -0.036290905264238074, 0.07437570291396199, 0.053575801209379464, -0.049386463002659954, 0.19688845542060512, -0.16637136042914075, -0.09720479959669785, 0.4067682913608021, 0.02219251648355753, -0.15922930696083662, 0.19731158452729383, -0.1689192834469434, -0.08685459192587525, 0.18908756739424112, 0.1611346740864663, 0.1136683718357076, -0.1738441652020352, 0.0827141954502863, -0.010822578623859037, 0.13337071891426325, 0.027859172457431115, 0.028664259144510977, 0.23709354446564093, 0.1760327017141713, -0.04540790418863424, 0.1576760680689357, -0.08063444811412986, -0.030568639887098827, -0.2062508689187881, -0.21067437069474632, -0.16955152352173358, 0.06112306019884303, -0.11719473856926645, -0.20027534806236236, 0.4212254980722299, 0.08252542658159748, 0.19426101355407482, -0.05050995603649535, 0.2521953442657335, 0.029639244600971285, 0.019293196113286618, -0.001563803364451115, 0.22702020283889932, 0.18731221427114156, 0.1468751418770442, -0.2404104630407105, 0.10958475599256463, 0.00914496586769501] |
708.1463 | Light scalar at LHC: the Higgs or the dilaton? | It is likely that the LHC will observe a color- and charge-neutral scalar
whose decays are consistent with those of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson.
The Higgs interpretation of such a discovery is not the only possibility. For
example, electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) could be triggered by a
spontaneously broken, nearly conformal sector. The spectrum of states at the
electroweak scale would then contain a narrow scalar resonance, the
pseudo-Goldstone boson of conformal symmetry breaking, with Higgs-like
properties. If the conformal sector is strongly coupled, this pseudo-dilaton
may be the only new state accessible at high energy colliders. We discuss the
prospects for distinguishing this mode from a minimal Higgs boson at the LHC
and ILC. The main discriminants between the two scenarios are (1) cubic
self-interactions and (2) a potential enhancement of couplings to massless SM
gauge bosons. A particularly interesting situation arises when the scale f of
conformal symmetry breaking is approximately the electroweak scale v~246 GeV.
Although in this case the LHC may not be able to tell apart a pseudo-dilaton
from the Higgs boson, the self-interactions differ in a way that depends only
on the scaling dimension of certain operators in the conformal sector. This
opens the possibility of using dilaton pair production at future colliders as a
probe of EWSB induced by nearly conformal new physics.
| hep-ph | it is likely that the lhc will observe a color and chargeneutral scalar whose decays are consistent with those of the standard model sm higgs boson the higgs interpretation of such a discovery is not the only possibility for example electroweak symmetry breaking ewsb could be triggered by a spontaneously broken nearly conformal sector the spectrum of states at the electroweak scale would then contain a narrow scalar resonance the pseudogoldstone boson of conformal symmetry breaking with higgslike properties if the conformal sector is strongly coupled this pseudodilaton may be the only new state accessible at high energy colliders we discuss the prospects for distinguishing this mode from a minimal higgs boson at the lhc and ilc the main discriminants between the two scenarios are 1 cubic selfinteractions and 2 a potential enhancement of couplings to massless sm gauge bosons a particularly interesting situation arises when the scale f of conformal symmetry breaking is approximately the electroweak scale v246 gev although in this case the lhc may not be able to tell apart a pseudodilaton from the higgs boson the selfinteractions differ in a way that depends only on the scaling dimension of certain operators in the conformal sector this opens the possibility of using dilaton pair production at future colliders as a probe of ewsb induced by nearly conformal new physics | [['it', 'is', 'likely', 'that', 'the', 'lhc', 'will', 'observe', 'a', 'color', 'and', 'chargeneutral', 'scalar', 'whose', 'decays', 'are', 'consistent', 'with', 'those', 'of', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'sm', 'higgs', 'boson', 'the', 'higgs', 'interpretation', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'discovery', 'is', 'not', 'the', 'only', 'possibility', 'for', 'example', 'electroweak', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'ewsb', 'could', 'be', 'triggered', 'by', 'a', 'spontaneously', 'broken', 'nearly', 'conformal', 'sector', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'states', 'at', 'the', 'electroweak', 'scale', 'would', 'then', 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708.1464 | Batch fabrication of cluster assembled microarrays for chemical sensing | Deposition of clusters from the gas phase is becoming an enabling technology
for the production of nanostructured devices. Supersonic clusters beam
deposition (SCBD) has been shown as a viable route for the production of
nanostructured thin films. By using SCBD and by exploiting aerodynamical
effects typical of supersonic beams it is possible to obtain very high
deposition rates with a control on neutral cluster mass distribution, allowing
the deposition of thin films with tailored nanostructure. Due to high
deposition rates, high lateral resolution, low temperature processing, SCBD can
be used for the integration of cluster-assembled films on micro- and
nanofabricated platforms with limited or no post-growth processing. Here we
present the industrial opportunities for batch fabrication of gas sensor
microarrays based on transition metal oxide nanoparticles deposited on
microfabricated substrates.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | deposition of clusters from the gas phase is becoming an enabling technology for the production of nanostructured devices supersonic clusters beam deposition scbd has been shown as a viable route for the production of nanostructured thin films by using scbd and by exploiting aerodynamical effects typical of supersonic beams it is possible to obtain very high deposition rates with a control on neutral cluster mass distribution allowing the deposition of thin films with tailored nanostructure due to high deposition rates high lateral resolution low temperature processing scbd can be used for the integration of clusterassembled films on micro and nanofabricated platforms with limited or no postgrowth processing here we present the industrial opportunities for batch fabrication of gas sensor microarrays based on transition metal oxide nanoparticles deposited on microfabricated substrates | [['deposition', 'of', 'clusters', 'from', 'the', 'gas', 'phase', 'is', 'becoming', 'an', 'enabling', 'technology', 'for', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'nanostructured', 'devices', 'supersonic', 'clusters', 'beam', 'deposition', 'scbd', 'has', 'been', 'shown', 'as', 'a', 'viable', 'route', 'for', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'nanostructured', 'thin', 'films', 'by', 'using', 'scbd', 'and', 'by', 'exploiting', 'aerodynamical', 'effects', 'typical', 'of', 'supersonic', 'beams', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'obtain', 'very', 'high', 'deposition', 'rates', 'with', 'a', 'control', 'on', 'neutral', 'cluster', 'mass', 'distribution', 'allowing', 'the', 'deposition', 'of', 'thin', 'films', 'with', 'tailored', 'nanostructure', 'due', 'to', 'high', 'deposition', 'rates', 'high', 'lateral', 'resolution', 'low', 'temperature', 'processing', 'scbd', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'for', 'the', 'integration', 'of', 'clusterassembled', 'films', 'on', 'micro', 'and', 'nanofabricated', 'platforms', 'with', 'limited', 'or', 'no', 'postgrowth', 'processing', 'here', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'industrial', 'opportunities', 'for', 'batch', 'fabrication', 'of', 'gas', 'sensor', 'microarrays', 'based', 'on', 'transition', 'metal', 'oxide', 'nanoparticles', 'deposited', 'on', 'microfabricated', 'substrates']] | [-0.06112756266688498, 0.19713552306806936, -0.04865609411723339, -0.0764982127924808, -0.008704314318198998, -0.16502225713517804, 0.05351270565655655, 0.4825301831158308, -0.22569093454915742, -0.34469650929363876, 0.07965526504871936, -0.2762801587044333, -0.0101429593623974, 0.28438055434156784, -0.012547731940419629, 0.12815253061887164, 0.01594447663340431, -0.17988154088648467, -0.030368934779947336, -0.17834392288663925, 0.2534641352786611, 0.12717730827593746, 0.3803985750553413, 0.10875968160107732, 0.12567241135268256, -0.05771904179754739, 0.08072191855529896, -0.032548487254490076, -0.1752241466516772, 0.11192964841880335, 0.23035843986122367, -0.0351438019084386, 0.21484393977488464, -0.5300989129795478, -0.2654551857007811, 0.004164982631874199, 0.17472159765087641, 0.09315245962486818, -0.2253661363815459, -0.23111301190219818, 0.06706051730837387, -0.14492150008535157, -0.08788025282276346, -0.06353546358788242, -0.013765351592491452, 0.06068032987487431, -0.25718082710205076, 0.031578648183494804, -0.03385695724461514, 0.07886215374500562, -0.04063809275987576, -0.11662254910199688, -0.06676420111997196, 0.05590149391030606, -0.018757713209980955, 0.003615679194291051, 0.3065245960265971, -0.11886461224729339, -0.07219672290465007, 0.3895016460751112, -0.021951491815539508, -0.10161339701511539, 0.24117139300618035, -0.16100795360711906, -0.051897885374581586, 0.18188296197555387, 0.19801651459464875, 0.15008312763574605, -0.20368935626644927, 0.01089164249782558, 0.09795397533318745, 0.21374344505692044, 0.16084364785168034, 0.047861829216484554, 0.24827036718981196, 0.31674954959979423, 0.036501745969648114, 0.14781540476072294, -0.15134888882390582, 0.024262445795690066, -0.13927391175574694, -0.21448996625124261, -0.19005063846707343, 0.07879655516366116, -0.10649665470857424, -0.20204367103981966, 0.2738553317980124, 0.10732777058505096, 0.14927976096693713, -0.06302156331769836, 0.3025883961934596, 0.03907486939928136, 0.12033464890510703, -0.025506479869811582, 0.21337306109758525, 0.16911843114962372, 0.16401897849035987, -0.18360498179144297, 0.14166220037553173, -0.05256186153900881] |
708.1465 | Dispersion Impact on Ballistic CNTFET n+-i-n+ Performances | The designs integrating the promising carbon nanotube transistors (CNTFET)
will have to take into account the constraints implied by the strong dispersion
inherent to nanotube manufacturing. This paper proposes to characterize the
main CNTFET performances : on-current Ion, Ion/Ioff ratio and inverse
sub-threshold slope S according to the dispersion on the nanotube diameter. For
this purpose, we use a compact model suitable for testing several diameter
values.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the designs integrating the promising carbon nanotube transistors cntfet will have to take into account the constraints implied by the strong dispersion inherent to nanotube manufacturing this paper proposes to characterize the main cntfet performances oncurrent ion ionioff ratio and inverse subthreshold slope s according to the dispersion on the nanotube diameter for this purpose we use a compact model suitable for testing several diameter values | [['the', 'designs', 'integrating', 'the', 'promising', 'carbon', 'nanotube', 'transistors', 'cntfet', 'will', 'have', 'to', 'take', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'constraints', 'implied', 'by', 'the', 'strong', 'dispersion', 'inherent', 'to', 'nanotube', 'manufacturing', 'this', 'paper', 'proposes', 'to', 'characterize', 'the', 'main', 'cntfet', 'performances', 'oncurrent', 'ion', 'ionioff', 'ratio', 'and', 'inverse', 'subthreshold', 'slope', 's', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'dispersion', 'on', 'the', 'nanotube', 'diameter', 'for', 'this', 'purpose', 'we', 'use', 'a', 'compact', 'model', 'suitable', 'for', 'testing', 'several', 'diameter', 'values']] | [-0.12477696149355987, 0.0651441717548578, -0.017474072985351086, 0.002118087020018279, -0.045563200883793106, -0.19873134297262313, 0.05337415807210191, 0.4531046030196277, -0.21698162438009272, -0.31140922608249116, 0.021498067494989795, -0.23231125511158485, -0.10031988885902772, 0.2182755869227659, -0.10773326576489842, 0.06994166420477224, 0.045337189278198464, -0.08033026009092503, -0.042019311557382796, -0.18197233453886866, 0.2452182183465497, 0.13118628571938837, 0.3853611520096434, 0.10815125051885843, 0.06891789623169285, 2.112288281998851e-05, 0.059896526491325916, 0.060567609876615636, -0.19753709434051858, 0.16083289668754194, 0.2033675846389749, -0.03505378400652923, 0.2493703949801398, -0.4234308468911684, -0.18041175967929038, 0.053788036072739596, 0.12304189121068428, 0.062383613478618136, -0.02073727933527676, -0.2433265893804756, 0.13451130195718372, -0.17691404297665664, -0.11801435694691133, 0.0028142476719839387, 0.05610853990991459, 0.02460168685876962, -0.22131206226450476, -0.029748022443417347, 0.04348121182005288, -0.011219252123158763, -0.017348947158704203, -0.21601771099041356, 0.032406037341746866, 0.11012070145189876, 0.027081265013707292, -0.06207442432853647, 0.22135014257351446, -0.059307881126490734, -0.05698226687893497, 0.3533787376698897, -0.08155159482901747, -0.1517776663090582, 0.12714078292871514, -0.12010775528015626, -0.09829961807664597, 0.11528320221061056, 0.20551863776971446, 0.028310315330710375, -0.19847628762098876, 0.03433427692189897, 0.04805014148410974, 0.1774200995898189, 0.10897224990890897, 0.06092949317429553, 0.2627223185439961, 0.2757910819667758, 0.04368815403854982, 0.14664440033767745, -0.1457875433455532, 0.009064597642105637, -0.2398661233160193, -0.19338746237653223, -0.09821416433216214, 0.13366676587611437, -0.09200374830746141, -0.15179081887684084, 0.38463399877461296, 0.17219137569720094, 0.16534952144844062, 0.0833688143139818, 0.3442283243674672, 0.12342321962668476, 0.1476638617883013, 0.0002398504452271895, 0.24256978775762641, 0.22171954099780344, 0.09179666246795519, -0.2651728851382028, 0.07351621272832606, -0.02414986640779358] |
708.1466 | Growth Mechanism and Selective Synthesis of SWNTs | Ever since the landmark discovery of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)
in 1993, they have been considered as ideal materials for any kind of
application based on their outstanding properties (e.g. mechanical strength,
thermal conductivity, ultra stability, etc.), and various techniques, including
laser furnace technique, arc discharge technique, and recently, Catalytic
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVD) technique, have been developed for the
high-quality macroscopic generation. Recently Hata et al. realized the
macroscopic production after great efforts of many scientists ; however, the
growth mechanisms are still unclear and this incomplete knowledge prevents us
from applying SWNTs to any fields. Here we can partially control the diameter
distribution of SWNTs using Alcohol Catalytic CVD (ACCVD) technique and well
combined catalysts. Their diameter is quite depend on the size of catalyst and
their species, that is why this can be a technique to control SWNTs, and
finally we propose the simple growth model.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | ever since the landmark discovery of singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts in 1993 they have been considered as ideal materials for any kind of application based on their outstanding properties eg mechanical strength thermal conductivity ultra stability etc and various techniques including laser furnace technique arc discharge technique and recently catalytic chemical vapor deposition ccvd technique have been developed for the highquality macroscopic generation recently hata et al realized the macroscopic production after great efforts of many scientists however the growth mechanisms are still unclear and this incomplete knowledge prevents us from applying swnts to any fields here we can partially control the diameter distribution of swnts using alcohol catalytic cvd accvd technique and well combined catalysts their diameter is quite depend on the size of catalyst and their species that is why this can be a technique to control swnts and finally we propose the simple growth model | [['ever', 'since', 'the', 'landmark', 'discovery', 'of', 'singlewalled', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'swnts', 'in', '1993', 'they', 'have', 'been', 'considered', 'as', 'ideal', 'materials', 'for', 'any', 'kind', 'of', 'application', 'based', 'on', 'their', 'outstanding', 'properties', 'eg', 'mechanical', 'strength', 'thermal', 'conductivity', 'ultra', 'stability', 'etc', 'and', 'various', 'techniques', 'including', 'laser', 'furnace', 'technique', 'arc', 'discharge', 'technique', 'and', 'recently', 'catalytic', 'chemical', 'vapor', 'deposition', 'ccvd', 'technique', 'have', 'been', 'developed', 'for', 'the', 'highquality', 'macroscopic', 'generation', 'recently', 'hata', 'et', 'al', 'realized', 'the', 'macroscopic', 'production', 'after', 'great', 'efforts', 'of', 'many', 'scientists', 'however', 'the', 'growth', 'mechanisms', 'are', 'still', 'unclear', 'and', 'this', 'incomplete', 'knowledge', 'prevents', 'us', 'from', 'applying', 'swnts', 'to', 'any', 'fields', 'here', 'we', 'can', 'partially', 'control', 'the', 'diameter', 'distribution', 'of', 'swnts', 'using', 'alcohol', 'catalytic', 'cvd', 'accvd', 'technique', 'and', 'well', 'combined', 'catalysts', 'their', 'diameter', 'is', 'quite', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'catalyst', 'and', 'their', 'species', 'that', 'is', 'why', 'this', 'can', 'be', 'a', 'technique', 'to', 'control', 'swnts', 'and', 'finally', 'we', 'propose', 'the', 'simple', 'growth', 'model']] | [-0.027881928961914108, 0.1419604619217365, -0.07209888798165687, -0.05053767045567028, -0.06565580448629904, -0.13783916829749435, 0.08594047126905092, 0.47537543286955886, -0.25563667369309534, -0.33864373089523897, 0.1040021372740442, -0.24751533515320545, -0.16091446761916184, 0.21965286470981327, -0.07399836686110364, 0.10032005405107348, 0.0452763606116277, -0.07706338068989872, 0.03845544190535664, -0.24280807510933833, 0.22329609012896462, 0.092579546013885, 0.3652249941203211, 0.11350345404717285, 0.09960445659045054, -0.033638450339259135, 0.006921226265254196, 0.031446639955246526, -0.16021582126946285, 0.13572654109345242, 0.2032256669786182, 0.06898496307584705, 0.248747274754759, -0.4925942067690447, -0.2701812978631177, 0.08289690400302714, 0.1309674459759607, 0.15685344425340494, -0.10787208739281663, -0.21119873500175673, 0.07756408423638339, -0.1493116238021425, -0.1352300505552973, -0.08999202402663373, 0.030096756224678892, 0.03836580089983993, -0.20549415654524983, 0.0431332658646869, 0.04649616047489729, 0.08483960005125271, -0.08280061980072713, -0.14489146572106903, -0.04891673300603759, 0.12856317089148322, 0.01318190161528408, -0.04723645970668821, 0.24388297720769497, -0.12084347024547304, -0.12150138756418664, 0.3765843410082922, -0.03718614348148623, -0.1077103447739263, 0.24386999887401606, -0.0914111280066221, -0.11923341838909048, 0.14061170189204264, 0.13654658830642294, 0.1588620198336208, -0.2284006177840539, 0.06280406811322105, 0.012010583071177508, 0.12472515176905662, 0.14538151355219536, 0.04564950386771843, 0.21969465475979255, 0.24011929547350827, 0.00233155664184834, 0.11142502225567999, -0.07964155250102231, 0.004893876489831553, -0.1417398534455419, -0.2073404785929894, -0.19648661094457925, 0.0960276023275694, -0.029270183546254793, -0.18738628596662968, 0.3579166798288522, 0.11441876091495422, 0.1490200167002321, -0.04319295664096162, 0.26779755752463985, 0.05031703675694789, 0.11363270232567982, -0.028597500644066708, 0.25782074277577477, 0.17730653501388166, 0.14120958577904877, -0.21490297338776418, 0.15603069172931366, 0.02303002651172633] |
708.1467 | Numerical Simulation of The Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube
Using the Atomistic-Continuum Mechanics | This paper the utilizes atomistic-continuum mechanics (ACM) to investigate
the mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). By
establishing a linkage between structural mechanics and molecular mechanics,
not only the Young's moduli could be obtained but also the modal analysis could
be achieved. In addition, according to atomistic-continuum mechanics and finite
element method, an effective atomistic-continuum model is constructed to
investigate the above two mechanical properties of SWCNTs with affordable
computational time by personal computers. The validity of the results is
demonstrated by comparing them with existing results.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper the utilizes atomisticcontinuum mechanics acm to investigate the mechanical properties of singlewalled carbon nanotubes swcnts by establishing a linkage between structural mechanics and molecular mechanics not only the youngs moduli could be obtained but also the modal analysis could be achieved in addition according to atomisticcontinuum mechanics and finite element method an effective atomisticcontinuum model is constructed to investigate the above two mechanical properties of swcnts with affordable computational time by personal computers the validity of the results is demonstrated by comparing them with existing results | [['this', 'paper', 'the', 'utilizes', 'atomisticcontinuum', 'mechanics', 'acm', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'mechanical', 'properties', 'of', 'singlewalled', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'swcnts', 'by', 'establishing', 'a', 'linkage', 'between', 'structural', 'mechanics', 'and', 'molecular', 'mechanics', 'not', 'only', 'the', 'youngs', 'moduli', 'could', 'be', 'obtained', 'but', 'also', 'the', 'modal', 'analysis', 'could', 'be', 'achieved', 'in', 'addition', 'according', 'to', 'atomisticcontinuum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'finite', 'element', 'method', 'an', 'effective', 'atomisticcontinuum', 'model', 'is', 'constructed', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'above', 'two', 'mechanical', 'properties', 'of', 'swcnts', 'with', 'affordable', 'computational', 'time', 'by', 'personal', 'computers', 'the', 'validity', 'of', 'the', 'results', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'by', 'comparing', 'them', 'with', 'existing', 'results']] | [-0.06972001995018218, 0.09055559800303441, -0.11166648584714328, -0.01500851379850329, -0.03989850336008451, -0.1612635283170014, 0.054662642438250426, 0.4211443831868978, -0.29320646196984773, -0.3095100868853148, 0.05903987959953321, -0.22642323707061057, -0.1636642475049567, 0.19245962932737629, -0.08176985543898561, 0.07488776279867372, 0.0906557296005882, -0.039120464426973325, -0.04485333152644506, -0.2255280269891955, 0.22713583763900466, 0.0905302568571642, 0.3428050435825505, 0.10545045230537653, 0.08100129663415084, -0.004375537399689413, -0.00997026188203811, 0.08049916722790261, -0.14227392899126493, 0.2204756788295609, 0.2682863776995377, 0.03777726966125721, 0.2643926647830416, -0.46040245587937534, -0.24428042805414985, 0.06368714789277874, 0.11199355501131239, 0.13612309712069956, 0.026105793759184467, -0.2846342139581049, 0.12661761151288042, -0.13562901013805953, -0.13766623112182555, -0.11087737635402432, -0.023808384250680156, 0.010424290476790206, -0.15456114437917925, 0.0546688478055082, 0.01937158751454924, 0.11212383841947568, -0.04974252890149893, -0.11601328443661756, -0.014220746324016627, 0.08212312151127579, 0.02465669166651258, -0.05579441740569151, 0.19564720249565487, -0.09948561801733873, -0.14699619567148725, 0.4442861621606756, -0.031014293821168725, -0.1851728071534043, 0.20073797727342357, -0.059777782272166485, -0.07813528913274323, 0.10034780275203627, 0.06673436548391526, 0.0896775812249292, -0.2211759158367799, 0.06244688075887759, 0.00386633793823421, 0.19856977526796982, 0.06235865798821165, 0.012573119125921618, 0.19969204361868007, 0.19328519187613644, -0.03669662104485641, 0.13040444266252135, -0.023599824453082296, -0.09116984378355979, -0.24355826531113547, -0.2114345378835093, -0.20433899423171004, 0.06029666922024097, -0.07982533473742395, -0.15753702641020276, 0.34738343937153165, 0.12008444689722224, 0.12004214624704962, 0.07693243431012062, 0.2690156975070501, 0.09812266287520867, 0.053151306103576317, 0.004409864513118836, 0.3040903716411611, 0.2104789894471072, 0.07557257571765645, -0.2508277220509957, 0.05195613955782557, 0.08752663608174771] |
708.1468 | Optical Characterisation of MOVPE Grown Vertically Correlated InAs/GaAs
Quantum Dots | Structures with self-organised InAs quantum dots in a GaAs matrix were grown
by the low pressure metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy (LP-MOVPE) technique.
Photoluminescence in combination with photomodulated reflectance spectroscopy
were used as the main characterisation methods for the growth optimisation.
Results show that photoreflectance spectroscopy is an excellent tool for
characterisation of QD structures wetting layers (thickness and composition)
and for identification of spacers in vertically stacked QDs structures.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | structures with selforganised inas quantum dots in a gaas matrix were grown by the low pressure metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy lpmovpe technique photoluminescence in combination with photomodulated reflectance spectroscopy were used as the main characterisation methods for the growth optimisation results show that photoreflectance spectroscopy is an excellent tool for characterisation of qd structures wetting layers thickness and composition and for identification of spacers in vertically stacked qds structures | [['structures', 'with', 'selforganised', 'inas', 'quantum', 'dots', 'in', 'a', 'gaas', 'matrix', 'were', 'grown', 'by', 'the', 'low', 'pressure', 'metalorganic', 'vapour', 'phase', 'epitaxy', 'lpmovpe', 'technique', 'photoluminescence', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'photomodulated', 'reflectance', 'spectroscopy', 'were', 'used', 'as', 'the', 'main', 'characterisation', 'methods', 'for', 'the', 'growth', 'optimisation', 'results', 'show', 'that', 'photoreflectance', 'spectroscopy', 'is', 'an', 'excellent', 'tool', 'for', 'characterisation', 'of', 'qd', 'structures', 'wetting', 'layers', 'thickness', 'and', 'composition', 'and', 'for', 'identification', 'of', 'spacers', 'in', 'vertically', 'stacked', 'qds', 'structures']] | [-0.04503927088893868, 0.1501699912326277, -0.06974617961575003, -0.062375897385851094, 0.0746411735582275, -0.1912732376538984, 0.012288111594149513, 0.5159688971539521, -0.2761950696380261, -0.33763026517322836, 0.03278564999516889, -0.2940576157929814, -0.15926594635547028, 0.24574230411363876, 0.01540794490617426, 0.1295150154379799, 0.012320090393426226, -0.2153543492724352, -0.06433227975332342, -0.17628252199125094, 0.2426238566335729, 0.0678181570581407, 0.3351396217065699, 0.06003954141017269, 0.01885408749256064, -0.012780529549619293, 0.11311122899710693, 0.011026904397808453, -0.23684505353091534, 0.08116596097962055, 0.2755443569519283, -0.07844760373015613, 0.18340027450090823, -0.45513492469292355, -0.23698597041177838, -0.08802825189195573, 0.1433763061376179, 0.10154033462201957, -0.1686296451764921, -0.26001267637783554, 0.08626114133307163, -0.042128678972778076, -0.05218275583705262, -0.048507186779341495, -0.08180195262299522, 0.018296881254440556, -0.24333744744003258, 0.042455999272266016, 0.008288472151274191, 0.14703773779397392, -0.08496935573844787, -0.1298850768875769, -0.08252038327319657, 0.08848561497870833, -0.1042065883281312, -0.031205005690400654, 0.26312302680247845, -0.07659486360738382, -0.15144651533816667, 0.3116396041655475, -0.09531942994662505, -0.06269871695514988, 0.15323450276628137, -0.1836089246618726, -0.08091872880536624, 0.1801712084287668, 0.11491724989815232, 0.15917637509718427, -0.14524194160270887, 0.06625193517239121, 0.026810270008247566, 0.26604311376371803, 0.14876932679565952, 0.08104518700308878, 0.21379522845039473, 0.24328941019142375, 0.041132646099226004, 0.15670129004865885, -0.12906878764795907, -0.015344021759708138, -0.13080570496180477, -0.2628065137302174, -0.1866027191555237, 0.08691917777554516, -0.07821781483353869, -0.2555480845382108, 0.352133143816472, 0.024946469950544482, 0.14577605990352288, -0.05035958870533196, 0.30204591112145435, 0.02272653702119201, 0.09222024840111022, -0.06537779499365784, 0.21692897880669026, 0.2870703033815302, 0.09839252296232563, -0.21423356735613197, 0.12407792959471836, -0.013450726640739423] |
708.1469 | The Chiral Model of Sakai-Sugimoto at Finite Baryon Density | In the context of holographic QCD we analyze Sakai-Sugimoto's chiral model at
finite baryon density and zero temperature. The baryon number density is
introduced through compact D4 wrapping S^4 at the tip of D8-\bar{D8}. Each
baryon acts as a chiral point-like source distributed uniformly over R^3, and
leads a non-vanishing U(1)_V potential on the brane. For fixed baryon charge
density n_B we analyze the bulk energy density and pressure using the canonical
formalism. The baryonic matter with point like sources is always in the
spontaneously broken phase of chiral symmetry, whatever the density. The
point-like nature of the sources and large N_c cause the matter to be repulsive
as all baryon interactions are omega mediated. Through the induced DBI action
on D8-\bar{D8}, we study the effects of the fixed baryon charge density n_B on
the pion and vector meson masses and couplings. Issues related to vector
dominance in matter in the context of holographic QCD are also discussed.
| hep-th hep-ph | in the context of holographic qcd we analyze sakaisugimotos chiral model at finite baryon density and zero temperature the baryon number density is introduced through compact d4 wrapping s4 at the tip of d8bard8 each baryon acts as a chiral pointlike source distributed uniformly over r3 and leads a nonvanishing u1_v potential on the brane for fixed baryon charge density n_b we analyze the bulk energy density and pressure using the canonical formalism the baryonic matter with point like sources is always in the spontaneously broken phase of chiral symmetry whatever the density the pointlike nature of the sources and large n_c cause the matter to be repulsive as all baryon interactions are omega mediated through the induced dbi action on d8bard8 we study the effects of the fixed baryon charge density n_b on the pion and vector meson masses and couplings issues related to vector dominance in matter in the context of holographic qcd are also discussed | [['in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'holographic', 'qcd', 'we', 'analyze', 'sakaisugimotos', 'chiral', 'model', 'at', 'finite', 'baryon', 'density', 'and', 'zero', 'temperature', 'the', 'baryon', 'number', 'density', 'is', 'introduced', 'through', 'compact', 'd4', 'wrapping', 's4', 'at', 'the', 'tip', 'of', 'd8bard8', 'each', 'baryon', 'acts', 'as', 'a', 'chiral', 'pointlike', 'source', 'distributed', 'uniformly', 'over', 'r3', 'and', 'leads', 'a', 'nonvanishing', 'u1_v', 'potential', 'on', 'the', 'brane', 'for', 'fixed', 'baryon', 'charge', 'density', 'n_b', 'we', 'analyze', 'the', 'bulk', 'energy', 'density', 'and', 'pressure', 'using', 'the', 'canonical', 'formalism', 'the', 'baryonic', 'matter', 'with', 'point', 'like', 'sources', 'is', 'always', 'in', 'the', 'spontaneously', 'broken', 'phase', 'of', 'chiral', 'symmetry', 'whatever', 'the', 'density', 'the', 'pointlike', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'sources', 'and', 'large', 'n_c', 'cause', 'the', 'matter', 'to', 'be', 'repulsive', 'as', 'all', 'baryon', 'interactions', 'are', 'omega', 'mediated', 'through', 'the', 'induced', 'dbi', 'action', 'on', 'd8bard8', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'the', 'fixed', 'baryon', 'charge', 'density', 'n_b', 'on', 'the', 'pion', 'and', 'vector', 'meson', 'masses', 'and', 'couplings', 'issues', 'related', 'to', 'vector', 'dominance', 'in', 'matter', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'holographic', 'qcd', 'are', 'also', 'discussed']] | [-0.15743065800277456, 0.2775084198061978, -0.06962424006741194, 0.08079628833990184, -0.07054352469501957, -0.08151977767026232, 0.058347599109965224, 0.286981841218808, -0.16943624926911247, -0.24512181500153196, 0.013064720863927036, -0.3319454723623611, -0.04440093455806134, 0.04231958284508437, 0.045791322407462906, 0.012369814815540468, -0.10254677735088814, 0.10315707893741707, -0.06441682098853972, -0.2053666455250594, 0.3470238020591017, -0.0039961042333274115, 0.2936359631077897, 0.12560311699916998, 0.0700963146316128, -0.0023759193282814756, -0.030176237844411403, 0.03780810404568911, -0.12783607666591001, 0.01183779333988505, 0.18387094948050237, 0.022204556490384764, 0.14243035960581996, -0.43183683219455904, -0.23760052962649253, 0.16857421715713797, 0.1465762347996896, 0.16025023356140142, -0.0663079519741117, -0.2922603484160537, 0.09198339395516086, -0.18097797154088416, -0.20223736391447844, -0.09568173051060688, -0.0024481868131026145, 0.004962671615724121, -0.24386162637402453, 0.16627423880272546, -0.061721929323468955, 0.0037121202466228317, -0.0589024524294561, -0.12721081605000842, -0.11554116261822563, 0.034445951578597866, 0.10951155070365677, 0.0898973546651823, 0.1989369713828989, -0.1854545385005974, -0.05589122870756734, 0.41768799736014295, -0.09367664018946309, -0.1709146171147304, 0.11618363229377617, -0.1283753483646339, -0.13548082073008821, 0.10411886742879306, 0.1570632935952275, 0.09281247811421993, -0.11127702420457236, 0.1602116518901781, -0.006380549618493645, 0.15953685121118813, 0.0921868700113508, 0.06869431641253253, 0.31086638804164624, 0.15491533220685538, 0.032492106353803986, 0.08687648344109015, -0.08603514404967427, -0.09029005764412784, -0.41444120827100933, -0.0773779062943152, -0.19759637849300257, 0.04135148823261261, -0.13111135548885702, -0.13609967259915484, 0.370566069442899, 0.08944853591251999, 0.23252205480971644, -0.015599047284453146, 0.2925313394531728, 0.0893987862663644, 0.07330119075373777, 0.07209042404297619, 0.21539533010143186, 0.21022928751809822, 0.11532385823722448, -0.30832687974982564, -0.11973631012313549, 0.10021700999819703] |
708.147 | A note on the lambda-structure on the Burnside ring | Let G be a finite group and let S be a G-set. The Burnside ring of G has a
natural structure of a lambda-ring. However, a priori the images of S under the
lambda-operations can only be computed implicitly. In this paper we establish
an explicit formula, expressing these images as linear combinations of classes
of G-sets.
| math.GR | let g be a finite group and let s be a gset the burnside ring of g has a natural structure of a lambdaring however a priori the images of s under the lambdaoperations can only be computed implicitly in this paper we establish an explicit formula expressing these images as linear combinations of classes of gsets | [['let', 'g', 'be', 'a', 'finite', 'group', 'and', 'let', 's', 'be', 'a', 'gset', 'the', 'burnside', 'ring', 'of', 'g', 'has', 'a', 'natural', 'structure', 'of', 'a', 'lambdaring', 'however', 'a', 'priori', 'the', 'images', 'of', 's', 'under', 'the', 'lambdaoperations', 'can', 'only', 'be', 'computed', 'implicitly', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'establish', 'an', 'explicit', 'formula', 'expressing', 'these', 'images', 'as', 'linear', 'combinations', 'of', 'classes', 'of', 'gsets']] | [-0.1776773844959966, 0.06511674600213219, -0.14247005303766122, 0.011585930646233783, -0.11719601704297881, -0.13750126922764538, -0.0013093933679588269, 0.34992613787190957, -0.3503288354790002, -0.26187861325186595, 0.09333252186453983, -0.21128591261967494, -0.09927909327834322, 0.18695421969485387, -0.13060418349739752, -0.07745793494477607, 0.048432721164110196, 0.1352825895719753, -0.11949403293169382, -0.22781428165750153, 0.31397797350297896, -0.025985306210554483, 0.1724224723221963, 0.025798285652662775, 0.13394175246031137, -0.015327775544408308, 0.012496954034360354, 0.05351128549266018, -0.12284508803369183, 0.12650412522877255, 0.32904777927487566, 0.10933912953917395, 0.2550061462128437, -0.39749883206789954, -0.19351574170746302, 0.2258655473655253, 0.12563485630967638, -0.002277976228741177, -0.009892936795949936, -0.2786429795648968, 0.1618160622913325, -0.19530899231240414, -0.08517735425317496, -0.06784656196179097, 0.11001833366932706, 0.013480632833466587, -0.3380044808972774, -0.012080703183943243, 0.0861428761691378, 0.14742520247308308, -0.010535906983964276, -0.08763029936112855, -0.04943233299510259, 0.11443099620539629, -0.039071302681246346, 0.0500793005993361, 0.055890436611023914, -0.08949184066027795, -0.08807505304483991, 0.40823445621093635, -0.10849634822347741, -0.2138142950440708, 0.0888303427736422, -0.14028388957836127, -0.09757591125130523, 0.09352096376058303, 0.1168152897602372, 0.20400260702559822, -0.10207634866993319, 0.2006259983264547, -0.21705793368777163, 0.12832333693656614, 0.09812233722850419, -0.010263421580914343, 0.1632581861330229, 0.07238224375045352, 0.04454512489814589, 0.15078542849841414, 0.0024206374706537055, 0.11127065658046488, -0.3775796958228998, -0.18113092686000623, -0.18199085440944163, 0.15495689345213273, -0.10474087312595975, -0.17424735920340345, 0.40336084208990397, 0.04799485934506122, 0.20785847311153224, 0.08652541049543702, 0.20889073920746645, 0.11626253964730718, 0.09260958328581693, 0.03937980194429034, 0.031659218041520366, 0.21003255313425734, -0.08223250109636993, -0.15456533778393478, 0.06630940280299176, 0.17202948489667555] |
708.1471 | The Schwinger mechanism and graphene | The Schwinger mechanism, the production of charged particle-antiparticle
pairs in a macroscopic external electric field, is derived for 2+1 dimensional
theories. The rate of pair production per unit area for four species of
massless fermions, with charge $q$, in a constant electric field $E$ is given
by $ \pi^{-2} \hbar^{-3/2} \tilde{c}^{-1/2} (q E)^{3/2} $ where $\tilde{c}$ is
the speed of light for the two-dimensional system. To the extent undoped
graphene behaves like the quantum field-theoretic vacuum for massless fermions
in 2+1 dimensions, the Schwinger mechanism should be testable experimentally. A
possible experimental configuration for this is proposed. Effects due to
deviations from this idealized picture of graphene are briefly considered. It
is argued that with present day samples of graphene, tests of the Schwinger
formula may be possible.
| cond-mat.mes-hall hep-ph hep-th nucl-th | the schwinger mechanism the production of charged particleantiparticle pairs in a macroscopic external electric field is derived for 21 dimensional theories the rate of pair production per unit area for four species of massless fermions with charge q in a constant electric field e is given by pi2 hbar32 tildec12 q e32 where tildec is the speed of light for the twodimensional system to the extent undoped graphene behaves like the quantum fieldtheoretic vacuum for massless fermions in 21 dimensions the schwinger mechanism should be testable experimentally a possible experimental configuration for this is proposed effects due to deviations from this idealized picture of graphene are briefly considered it is argued that with present day samples of graphene tests of the schwinger formula may be possible | [['the', 'schwinger', 'mechanism', 'the', 'production', 'of', 'charged', 'particleantiparticle', 'pairs', 'in', 'a', 'macroscopic', 'external', 'electric', 'field', 'is', 'derived', 'for', '21', 'dimensional', 'theories', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'pair', 'production', 'per', 'unit', 'area', 'for', 'four', 'species', 'of', 'massless', 'fermions', 'with', 'charge', 'q', 'in', 'a', 'constant', 'electric', 'field', 'e', 'is', 'given', 'by', 'pi2', 'hbar32', 'tildec12', 'q', 'e32', 'where', 'tildec', 'is', 'the', 'speed', 'of', 'light', 'for', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'system', 'to', 'the', 'extent', 'undoped', 'graphene', 'behaves', 'like', 'the', 'quantum', 'fieldtheoretic', 'vacuum', 'for', 'massless', 'fermions', 'in', '21', 'dimensions', 'the', 'schwinger', 'mechanism', 'should', 'be', 'testable', 'experimentally', 'a', 'possible', 'experimental', 'configuration', 'for', 'this', 'is', 'proposed', 'effects', 'due', 'to', 'deviations', 'from', 'this', 'idealized', 'picture', 'of', 'graphene', 'are', 'briefly', 'considered', 'it', 'is', 'argued', 'that', 'with', 'present', 'day', 'samples', 'of', 'graphene', 'tests', 'of', 'the', 'schwinger', 'formula', 'may', 'be', 'possible']] | [-0.1664600139690353, 0.25203838154313063, -0.029492110900220372, 0.06927422224262339, -0.013434416529977875, -0.17541162878830707, 0.03950813596959286, 0.32190077398873623, -0.19015925015968782, -0.26194735662636137, -0.01350188405805027, -0.2970508991199876, -0.08930543644518982, 0.1842344300183017, 0.007573921886843539, 0.03117115967418818, -0.0068612003533710395, 0.05585082465474824, -0.009733166169157372, -0.2569725015585596, 0.28148631764305454, 0.052880262286635116, 0.29369870552252375, 0.08268011660942237, 0.06737365631852299, 0.006190839281771332, 0.049525859466220644, 0.005868300818087113, -0.09653395956464068, 0.05675953845944135, 0.17728225726093497, 0.023598994034522723, 0.17015219224436628, -0.39571850296981154, -0.19659936296633415, 0.07655706924326237, 0.13802138606702247, 0.1524332941475985, -0.08630611400510516, -0.25363065344431707, 0.06599566422688265, -0.1664991201757784, -0.1961846192885611, -0.028473469639016737, 0.06621410234102738, -0.058648357472021975, -0.32055549960463275, 0.11433866459711065, -0.0027019511382546154, 0.0340214668765604, -0.05870721923213663, -0.10489178888946621, -0.04992332624932451, 0.03681128986945917, 0.10037493468224702, 0.08226038440836654, 0.1746291490196581, -0.1449387654699803, -0.1722754199398614, 0.4256161683569512, -0.0767391375308263, -0.20923038403834066, 0.1354198548060301, -0.19015293907103759, -0.05950043867943027, 0.1160213946094436, 0.11914110430065662, 0.11117264203494415, -0.17476645308817107, 0.13833754913385718, -0.05360356374477569, 0.1171040938896758, 0.09003876482752422, 0.056487315272416676, 0.29207526329123684, 0.1612521271191297, -0.018249335785156057, 0.14096413228347252, -0.07601853825842901, -0.0864580081064149, -0.33523695533644526, -0.20857133153044888, -0.16980261116048262, 0.12237075854641115, -0.0687296852138975, -0.14764480448455639, 0.36177568011091, 0.15548636399926768, 0.15158353722654283, -0.02951406454667449, 0.2652182575735834, 0.1297923300355192, 0.08042119424076631, 0.01786329416227677, 0.27084476563275883, 0.12537809601241362, 0.1073032091822355, -0.2247694945075519, -0.03488932267927955, 0.06921284721653548] |
708.1472 | Operational definition of (brane induced) space-time and constraints on
the fundamental parameters | First we contemplate the operational definition of space-time in four
dimensions in light of basic principles of quantum mechanics and general
relativity and consider some of its phenomenological consequences. The quantum
gravitational fluctuations of the background metric that comes through the
operational definition of space-time are controlled by the Planck scale and are
therefore strongly suppressed. Then we extend our analysis to the braneworld
setup with low fundamental scale of gravity. It is observed that in this case
the quantum gravitational fluctuations on the brane may become unacceptably
large. The magnification of fluctuations is not linked directly to the low
quantum gravity scale but rather to the higher-dimensional modification of
Newton's inverse square law at relatively large distances. For models with
compact extra dimensions the shape modulus of extra space can be used as a most
natural and safe stabilization mechanism against these fluctuations.
| hep-th gr-qc hep-ph | first we contemplate the operational definition of spacetime in four dimensions in light of basic principles of quantum mechanics and general relativity and consider some of its phenomenological consequences the quantum gravitational fluctuations of the background metric that comes through the operational definition of spacetime are controlled by the planck scale and are therefore strongly suppressed then we extend our analysis to the braneworld setup with low fundamental scale of gravity it is observed that in this case the quantum gravitational fluctuations on the brane may become unacceptably large the magnification of fluctuations is not linked directly to the low quantum gravity scale but rather to the higherdimensional modification of newtons inverse square law at relatively large distances for models with compact extra dimensions the shape modulus of extra space can be used as a most natural and safe stabilization mechanism against these fluctuations | [['first', 'we', 'contemplate', 'the', 'operational', 'definition', 'of', 'spacetime', 'in', 'four', 'dimensions', 'in', 'light', 'of', 'basic', 'principles', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'general', 'relativity', 'and', 'consider', 'some', 'of', 'its', 'phenomenological', 'consequences', 'the', 'quantum', 'gravitational', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'the', 'background', 'metric', 'that', 'comes', 'through', 'the', 'operational', 'definition', 'of', 'spacetime', 'are', 'controlled', 'by', 'the', 'planck', 'scale', 'and', 'are', 'therefore', 'strongly', 'suppressed', 'then', 'we', 'extend', 'our', 'analysis', 'to', 'the', 'braneworld', 'setup', 'with', 'low', 'fundamental', 'scale', 'of', 'gravity', 'it', 'is', 'observed', 'that', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'quantum', 'gravitational', 'fluctuations', 'on', 'the', 'brane', 'may', 'become', 'unacceptably', 'large', 'the', 'magnification', 'of', 'fluctuations', 'is', 'not', 'linked', 'directly', 'to', 'the', 'low', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'scale', 'but', 'rather', 'to', 'the', 'higherdimensional', 'modification', 'of', 'newtons', 'inverse', 'square', 'law', 'at', 'relatively', 'large', 'distances', 'for', 'models', 'with', 'compact', 'extra', 'dimensions', 'the', 'shape', 'modulus', 'of', 'extra', 'space', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'most', 'natural', 'and', 'safe', 'stabilization', 'mechanism', 'against', 'these', 'fluctuations']] | [-0.1385869661090611, 0.20614810235727216, -0.10800526271567731, 0.12341434992736645, -0.09306650591639078, -0.1497962271403392, -0.02236589413627775, 0.2841698605237373, -0.25772425525630954, -0.30248372603414786, 0.11593592628196348, -0.24917818123422977, -0.14025199602151084, 0.19036709531469065, -0.08153510350449425, 0.039972561119308615, -0.030184157881497715, 0.01720753774538429, -0.05212601241267597, -0.23548311055411533, 0.35489483712849, 0.11857141308953739, 0.2581727085230846, 0.04969850893636855, 0.10344659350489059, -0.04362410432077013, -0.03283994783931929, 0.07077221355070328, -0.10039251069782848, 0.12629854699803722, 0.19566101242235667, 0.1012346685197877, 0.21539168119327062, -0.4231201350355857, -0.24305112936740947, 0.09643253779924837, 0.10627932214022924, 0.16609963495991703, -0.03351907279850113, -0.26923680406212547, 0.0757891870792567, -0.1547032071426252, -0.15951903753901003, -0.07493082844464677, 0.029289131250051368, -0.06781244483378639, -0.19386452441297783, 0.08712556048865533, 0.04470820416786915, 0.021130583527135767, -0.037419160219239224, -0.0546123536429756, 0.009155744562223036, 0.08342240300327022, 0.10049538198493085, 0.020124256992453918, 0.17099768560405615, -0.13614589298433405, -0.0943739029559462, 0.43900959176890963, -0.09197520656097266, -0.21106952563988873, 0.18541140384816876, -0.18825995321902964, -0.13909878555245492, 0.07528622422574295, 0.15470704777787128, 0.10470228426316276, -0.12272811090547799, 0.12591673717098376, 0.0450276290001865, 0.16563289064247833, 0.07106272411894882, 0.10831471689622656, 0.2664883664393629, 0.1343352313981288, 0.048160679534905486, 0.11489981931178288, -0.06736981861144563, -0.13754950988934272, -0.39033207594830954, -0.11437291389382961, -0.17814268667522506, 0.0905789578142099, -0.1643302249200739, -0.17149539352653342, 0.33098005411900683, 0.15677895146735762, 0.16077190624006713, 0.046205049566601195, 0.27797638738734853, 0.09874679573436475, 0.09009269413784043, 0.030537231676539198, 0.30026215673994255, 0.11587501033500303, 0.099044428035591, -0.22146489881561138, -0.004872730946064823, 0.0445639664879612] |
708.1473 | Waveguide properties of single subwavelength holes demonstrated with
radially and azimuthally polarized light | We investigate the transmission of focused beams through single subwavelength
holes in a silver film. We use radially and azimuthally polarized light,
respectively, to excite higher order waveguide modes as well as to match the
radial symmetry of the aperture geometry. Remarkably, the transmission
properties can be described by a classical waveguide model even for thicknesses
of the silver film as thin as a quarter of a wavelength.
| physics.optics | we investigate the transmission of focused beams through single subwavelength holes in a silver film we use radially and azimuthally polarized light respectively to excite higher order waveguide modes as well as to match the radial symmetry of the aperture geometry remarkably the transmission properties can be described by a classical waveguide model even for thicknesses of the silver film as thin as a quarter of a wavelength | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'transmission', 'of', 'focused', 'beams', 'through', 'single', 'subwavelength', 'holes', 'in', 'a', 'silver', 'film', 'we', 'use', 'radially', 'and', 'azimuthally', 'polarized', 'light', 'respectively', 'to', 'excite', 'higher', 'order', 'waveguide', 'modes', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'to', 'match', 'the', 'radial', 'symmetry', 'of', 'the', 'aperture', 'geometry', 'remarkably', 'the', 'transmission', 'properties', 'can', 'be', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'classical', 'waveguide', 'model', 'even', 'for', 'thicknesses', 'of', 'the', 'silver', 'film', 'as', 'thin', 'as', 'a', 'quarter', 'of', 'a', 'wavelength']] | [-0.1014927262577283, 0.15135112818440094, -0.03853350759976927, -0.003976275884162854, -0.04112575293573387, -0.1653636954861748, 0.0100606423254837, 0.5020352666649748, -0.23661084356717765, -0.3036760084111901, 0.08339625384713359, -0.2811602125396295, -0.06653864517369691, 0.21829062401358149, 0.009758340003078474, 0.08416641689836979, -0.03990650338613812, -0.07931983443524908, -0.029345937090350643, -0.14230262814089656, 0.27418784751995084, 0.06548361194676117, 0.31638626663890834, 0.03251017537652789, 0.032424027894568795, 0.040177769203129335, 0.0769978620331077, 0.021685952293303085, -0.12097323691362843, 0.0687493476057973, 0.20534753396093627, -0.028384445533019435, 0.18030281841535778, -0.4772796834106831, -0.24917057283934863, -0.027335860054282582, 0.20753693920286262, 0.152966132880572, -0.05432301061227918, -0.23777286550851867, 0.05335376838989118, -0.11688269768595039, -0.23007749397006325, -0.004318908596520915, -0.04055765677955659, 0.03144667478387847, -0.22643483321692603, 0.017965461319202885, 0.05479453234447112, 0.037592877510606366, -0.028166892777388805, -0.05471141819597345, -0.12183485383181558, 0.049902871634592026, 0.021604345438604736, -0.01187168897526777, 0.1523246101449545, -0.11698836160768919, -0.0882528641480295, 0.4032695794149357, -0.11067336654763066, -0.1444425376762143, 0.11397049362387728, -0.21325107464594217, 0.10146288046448984, 0.14669308821698102, 0.23861936125767363, 0.17536751146305024, -0.0993784329141764, -0.005719831357911222, -0.07936032553312972, 0.2561984148239443, 0.21570460596943603, 0.07178567249930519, 0.2842717084773433, 0.19495041235623992, 0.017880022084093925, 0.1900596498436404, -0.14000633950619137, -0.0006933274733669617, -0.24227182905408828, -0.15495798924787188, -0.17456512336673982, 0.04926169386667693, -0.0682857552787669, -0.2009707433719407, 0.40505961284917946, 0.04270454888790161, 0.18265252662411727, -0.006293162566554897, 0.2995679571513392, 0.0765236543614746, 0.10066584640812568, 0.012358574299415684, 0.3128879588946481, 0.21093909681076184, 0.12374496269951445, -0.21252789625021465, -0.035199602189309454, -0.03476536542396335] |
708.1474 | The Status of the Polarized Parton Densities | A survey is given on the present knowledge of the polarized parton
distribution functions. We give an outlook for further developments desired
both on the theoretical as well on the experimental side to complete the
understanding of the spin--structure of nucleons in the future.
| hep-ph astro-ph hep-ex | a survey is given on the present knowledge of the polarized parton distribution functions we give an outlook for further developments desired both on the theoretical as well on the experimental side to complete the understanding of the spinstructure of nucleons in the future | [['a', 'survey', 'is', 'given', 'on', 'the', 'present', 'knowledge', 'of', 'the', 'polarized', 'parton', 'distribution', 'functions', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'outlook', 'for', 'further', 'developments', 'desired', 'both', 'on', 'the', 'theoretical', 'as', 'well', 'on', 'the', 'experimental', 'side', 'to', 'complete', 'the', 'understanding', 'of', 'the', 'spinstructure', 'of', 'nucleons', 'in', 'the', 'future']] | [-0.08659391402563249, 0.08266627768733253, -0.1258346208328889, 0.0770683307967953, -0.10183219603178176, 0.010692726863040165, 0.04018015708160502, 0.3922701721841639, -0.19508346644314853, -0.2551231842424551, 0.08800851460281675, -0.30752747310113837, -0.07034865605898878, 0.2271356237205592, 0.014715820741416379, 0.06471796452321789, 0.060810991933315316, 0.05928793160075491, -0.07971449943513355, -0.2431549998846921, 0.34817648595410655, 0.1112803808011284, 0.2803953627378426, 0.20171861075372857, 0.07272452430333942, 0.07938025486807666, -0.08832084500781176, -0.057721154891293154, -0.16416674721073254, 0.16297843137925322, 0.22901949684389614, 0.1665524741401896, 0.19368661770766432, -0.46677799634529615, -0.17073374716776676, 0.012708413478156383, 0.11405286356933754, 0.12479866994544864, -0.08412423721694556, -0.2964956751939925, 0.03859027710462793, -0.1427721750964834, -0.15727478021290153, -0.09373394696211274, -0.02656194510531019, 0.08042888267135079, -0.22591999985954977, -0.02163849766789512, 0.06449874151307582, 0.05523729279891334, -0.07897085293238475, -0.21964272111654282, 0.007991576720748773, 0.12345104989468712, 0.010868954318787226, 0.11042022081726993, 0.07999270118307322, -0.21540475240908563, -0.13953300858636133, 0.37207592094571074, -0.040983439507809555, -0.18556997736661948, 0.11478428489697928, -0.18287650667215613, -0.13254777625711125, 0.04575357199064456, 0.24195666278881783, 0.11572003842924129, -0.10315069149840962, 0.06071548717392778, -0.08031826317098668, 0.1517255992035974, -0.03309385158883577, 0.06256026693154126, 0.25176298346328124, 0.24890125608495015, 0.08555124516979876, 0.13378853757273068, -0.06670498683392494, -0.09020016158253631, -0.4133166191591458, -0.13090019078332593, -0.15769611997529864, 0.07531101816460829, -0.049042011738162146, -0.1371746256481856, 0.4460775138048286, 0.13460384436290374, 0.25614243126685987, 0.04249170939014717, 0.3345045069740577, 0.07465896749900738, -0.01648936574135653, -0.009811758603477343, 0.23855346288870682, 0.13918179307471623, 0.08552530866158618, -0.19668937824793498, 0.09735093750482933, -0.01050293416615618] |
708.1475 | Prediction for new magnetoelectric fluorides | We use symmetry considerations in order to predict new magnetoelectric
fluorides. In addition to these magnetoelectric properties, we discuss among
these fluorides the ones susceptible to present multiferroic properties. We
emphasize that several materials present ferromagnetic properties. This
ferromagnetism should enhance the interplay between magnetic and dielectric
properties in these materials.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.str-el | we use symmetry considerations in order to predict new magnetoelectric fluorides in addition to these magnetoelectric properties we discuss among these fluorides the ones susceptible to present multiferroic properties we emphasize that several materials present ferromagnetic properties this ferromagnetism should enhance the interplay between magnetic and dielectric properties in these materials | [['we', 'use', 'symmetry', 'considerations', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'predict', 'new', 'magnetoelectric', 'fluorides', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'these', 'magnetoelectric', 'properties', 'we', 'discuss', 'among', 'these', 'fluorides', 'the', 'ones', 'susceptible', 'to', 'present', 'multiferroic', 'properties', 'we', 'emphasize', 'that', 'several', 'materials', 'present', 'ferromagnetic', 'properties', 'this', 'ferromagnetism', 'should', 'enhance', 'the', 'interplay', 'between', 'magnetic', 'and', 'dielectric', 'properties', 'in', 'these', 'materials']] | [-0.1532309528659372, 0.1627426660053578, 0.00529569933446599, 0.06555272108080852, -0.15373088782835825, -0.07349084052896383, 0.06300079591535762, 0.4976830578902188, -0.28789646120048035, -0.28499955132457555, 0.006828866453896112, -0.34998361267806855, -0.2611260835592653, 0.14000923443110844, 0.03021901334617652, -0.014573438567858116, -0.10911058495734252, -0.12397672208573889, -0.14380263036354354, -0.21476998648551457, 0.27123205469665573, -0.0324561974654595, 0.25796363747441303, 0.10586466259487412, -0.02859699236703854, -0.05706578230156618, 0.16534041116635004, 0.037872891507896723, -0.20781029001698378, 0.12821572168054535, 0.2958598158358797, -0.09006559998983991, 0.18267916248855637, -0.4966971263581631, -0.21328432096497102, 0.04400618750528962, 0.0693729208764054, 0.1568847299717805, -0.11363238674661547, -0.2481134647101748, 0.1173188783520577, -0.1345760606996277, -0.14709008217551836, -0.24118709023676665, -0.06363098424694993, 0.03317676073707202, -0.17646002046325626, 0.022046898464288783, 0.07574066698697268, 0.09212611617483929, -0.11956334435472302, -0.17763504143302128, -0.01410774984305688, 0.06196539885565346, 0.123979248216047, -0.09141795997514718, 0.1265871371348005, -0.1268205949443155, -0.1505383919632318, 0.4049878902733326, 0.0021065773656957, -0.11901704893977035, 0.23589281076291466, -0.202730196710749, -0.1638962221788425, 0.06276240254587986, 0.21264680244905107, 0.08982057541645333, -0.18030141980624667, 0.008330211151783885, 0.03534632008157525, 0.16804397790966666, -0.031805371819977085, 0.20187684476339057, 0.26811386977194573, 0.16874211087969004, -0.03946679526501719, 0.21460815354743423, -0.030272971583055516, 0.004746911590736287, -0.22962806059741506, -0.19978411809778682, -0.14566180648683918, 0.0297632317296138, -0.063520012158323, -0.16082531052833313, 0.39462794734201595, 0.3109240886371802, 0.13232467571894327, -0.08254930006303624, 0.20995718963882504, 0.0025384392151061226, 0.08749089156295739, -0.001293489394490333, 0.37302937183310003, 0.21286841240875862, 0.16210403406590806, -0.2790701404652175, 0.12169328872479644, 0.01958638579954448] |
708.1476 | Mott transition in anharmonic confinement | Two effects are identified that affect the visibility of the Mott transition
in an atomic gas in an optical lattice confined in a power-law potential. The
transition can be made more pronounced by increasing the power law, but at the
same time, experimental uncertainty in the number of particles will induce
corresponding fluctuations in the measured condensate fraction. Calculations in
two dimensions indicate that a potential slightly more flat-bottomed than a
quadratic one is to be preferred for a wide range of particle number
fluctuation size.
| cond-mat.other | two effects are identified that affect the visibility of the mott transition in an atomic gas in an optical lattice confined in a powerlaw potential the transition can be made more pronounced by increasing the power law but at the same time experimental uncertainty in the number of particles will induce corresponding fluctuations in the measured condensate fraction calculations in two dimensions indicate that a potential slightly more flatbottomed than a quadratic one is to be preferred for a wide range of particle number fluctuation size | [['two', 'effects', 'are', 'identified', 'that', 'affect', 'the', 'visibility', 'of', 'the', 'mott', 'transition', 'in', 'an', 'atomic', 'gas', 'in', 'an', 'optical', 'lattice', 'confined', 'in', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'potential', 'the', 'transition', 'can', 'be', 'made', 'more', 'pronounced', 'by', 'increasing', 'the', 'power', 'law', 'but', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'experimental', 'uncertainty', 'in', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'particles', 'will', 'induce', 'corresponding', 'fluctuations', 'in', 'the', 'measured', 'condensate', 'fraction', 'calculations', 'in', 'two', 'dimensions', 'indicate', 'that', 'a', 'potential', 'slightly', 'more', 'flatbottomed', 'than', 'a', 'quadratic', 'one', 'is', 'to', 'be', 'preferred', 'for', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'particle', 'number', 'fluctuation', 'size']] | [-0.13213573928535266, 0.2516942453793342, -0.07866960919602926, 0.05062304814698088, 0.00960736038152475, -0.13241024719291303, 0.024578412496593108, 0.36433229980946974, -0.2383511757348166, -0.3098213534888833, 0.03195741322422183, -0.31149525350219637, -0.06381345000984363, 0.19998610054202334, 0.009102369701966297, 0.016365548260076794, -0.005879610668607923, 0.02610608623471371, -0.06109691125227052, -0.22138475696014803, 0.2632652602055608, 0.051957050441266146, 0.25781222780473356, 0.08110466911078452, -0.005563453516684646, -0.025876904539980514, 0.032380737645854786, 0.09431730668320386, -0.09513822055051542, 0.04780497267127557, 0.20279898663419624, -0.0037515115339395613, 0.26093025451396096, -0.4157338469224267, -0.22485850633360271, 0.13346843999204075, 0.1802786447400184, 0.11745394733301255, -0.07138506087730367, -0.22830209637136567, 0.020995312073906928, -0.189708657898442, -0.16797764496986084, -0.030392014129130646, 0.05076867715607202, 0.006116280435086336, -0.26091598185472364, 0.1119006893131882, 0.018028054835794623, 0.06756193918738783, -0.05402889252412891, -0.10538678516655467, -0.042963180539393145, 0.08008205016186937, 0.013652113642608531, 0.052994766631326094, 0.1640287490539946, -0.15657811872133184, -0.05994135469230715, 0.40397328017062917, -0.07539024524919304, -0.15786028315508088, 0.15976594247703635, -0.2213208445856824, -0.1008489612045936, 0.2087032937953725, 0.16399284965510286, 0.049963677651671895, -0.11674898223366675, 0.0073944743679359905, -0.013872453238988338, 0.22706527619211134, 0.06474540357174742, 0.06280494140471916, 0.2624805563834745, 0.16230023367368335, 0.05313256622270443, 0.1458847443857447, -0.09367889514582795, -0.12684527483530517, -0.2531112397501115, -0.12863343960583903, -0.21777558207598535, 0.0177861422171402, -0.12180836566962129, -0.13611624901031338, 0.37655443185940385, 0.14524357005693886, 0.23905466865141725, 0.023325121617702723, 0.24239169255028978, 0.1393601074747113, 0.09930907538550537, 0.024561279182603885, 0.3010558251204879, 0.07628687018755996, 0.09812865851224985, -0.22961613773584885, 0.04232145276267168, -0.02085589052741091] |
708.1477 | Angular momentum transport by internal gravity waves III - Wave
excitation by core convection and the Coriolis effect | This is the third in a series of papers that deal with angular momentum
transport by internal gravity waves. We concentrate on the waves excited by
core convection in a 3Msun, Pop I main sequence star. Here, we want to examine
the role of the Coriolis acceleration in the equations of motion that describe
the behavior of waves and to evaluate its impact on angular momentum transport.
We use the so-called traditional approximation of geophysics, which allows
variable separation in radial and horizontal components. In the presence of
rotation, the horizontal structure is described by Hough functions instead of
spherical harmonics. The Coriolis acceleration has two main effects on waves.
It transforms pure gravity waves into gravito-inertial waves that have a larger
amplitude closer to the equator, and it introduces new waves whose restoring
force is mainly the conservation of vorticity. Taking the Coriolis acceleration
into account changes the subtle balance between prograde and retrograde waves
in non-rotating stars. It also introduces new types of waves that are either
purely prograde or retrograde. We show in this paper where the local deposition
of angular momentum by such waves is important.
| astro-ph | this is the third in a series of papers that deal with angular momentum transport by internal gravity waves we concentrate on the waves excited by core convection in a 3msun pop i main sequence star here we want to examine the role of the coriolis acceleration in the equations of motion that describe the behavior of waves and to evaluate its impact on angular momentum transport we use the socalled traditional approximation of geophysics which allows variable separation in radial and horizontal components in the presence of rotation the horizontal structure is described by hough functions instead of spherical harmonics the coriolis acceleration has two main effects on waves it transforms pure gravity waves into gravitoinertial waves that have a larger amplitude closer to the equator and it introduces new waves whose restoring force is mainly the conservation of vorticity taking the coriolis acceleration into account changes the subtle balance between prograde and retrograde waves in nonrotating stars it also introduces new types of waves that are either purely prograde or retrograde we show in this paper where the local deposition of angular momentum by such waves is important | [['this', 'is', 'the', 'third', 'in', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'papers', 'that', 'deal', 'with', 'angular', 'momentum', 'transport', 'by', 'internal', 'gravity', 'waves', 'we', 'concentrate', 'on', 'the', 'waves', 'excited', 'by', 'core', 'convection', 'in', 'a', '3msun', 'pop', 'i', 'main', 'sequence', 'star', 'here', 'we', 'want', 'to', 'examine', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'the', 'coriolis', 'acceleration', 'in', 'the', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'that', 'describe', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'waves', 'and', 'to', 'evaluate', 'its', 'impact', 'on', 'angular', 'momentum', 'transport', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'socalled', 'traditional', 'approximation', 'of', 'geophysics', 'which', 'allows', 'variable', 'separation', 'in', 'radial', 'and', 'horizontal', 'components', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 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708.1478 | Exclusive rho^0 production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA | Exclusive rho^0 electroproduction at HERA has been studied with the ZEUS
detector using 120 pb^{-1} of integrated luminosity collected during 1996-2000.
The analysis was carried out in the kinematic range of photon virtuality 2 <
Q^2 < 160 GeV$^2, and gamma^* p centre-of-mass energy 32 < W < 180 GeV. The
results include the Q^2 and W dependence of the gamma^* p --> rho^0 p cross
section and the distribution of the squared-four-momentum transfer to the
proton. The helicity analysis of the decay-matrix elements of the rho^0 was
used to study the ratio of the gamma^* p cross section for longitudinal and
transverse photon as a function of Q^2 and W. Finally, an effective Pomeron
trajectory was extracted. The results are compared to various theoretical
predictions.
| hep-ex | exclusive rho0 electroproduction at hera has been studied with the zeus detector using 120 pb1 of integrated luminosity collected during 19962000 the analysis was carried out in the kinematic range of photon virtuality 2 q2 160 gev2 and gamma p centreofmass energy 32 w 180 gev the results include the q2 and w dependence of the gamma p rho0 p cross section and the distribution of the squaredfourmomentum transfer to the proton the helicity analysis of the decaymatrix elements of the rho0 was used to study the ratio of the gamma p cross section for longitudinal and transverse photon as a function of q2 and w finally an effective pomeron trajectory was extracted the results are compared to various theoretical predictions | [['exclusive', 'rho0', 'electroproduction', 'at', 'hera', 'has', 'been', 'studied', 'with', 'the', 'zeus', 'detector', 'using', '120', 'pb1', 'of', 'integrated', 'luminosity', 'collected', 'during', '19962000', 'the', 'analysis', 'was', 'carried', 'out', 'in', 'the', 'kinematic', 'range', 'of', 'photon', 'virtuality', '2', 'q2', '160', 'gev2', 'and', 'gamma', 'p', 'centreofmass', 'energy', '32', 'w', '180', 'gev', 'the', 'results', 'include', 'the', 'q2', 'and', 'w', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'gamma', 'p', 'rho0', 'p', 'cross', 'section', 'and', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'squaredfourmomentum', 'transfer', 'to', 'the', 'proton', 'the', 'helicity', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'decaymatrix', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'rho0', 'was', 'used', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'gamma', 'p', 'cross', 'section', 'for', 'longitudinal', 'and', 'transverse', 'photon', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'q2', 'and', 'w', 'finally', 'an', 'effective', 'pomeron', 'trajectory', 'was', 'extracted', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'compared', 'to', 'various', 'theoretical', 'predictions']] | [-0.04848842174323479, 0.18860614835590364, -0.1273121409423399, 0.10297751115212421, -0.013415516111530176, -0.07046945276132104, 0.025720941012396532, 0.3801519826931112, -0.16264703006194042, -0.3076674042977862, -0.06777299691809482, -0.3710701121369518, 0.09785323925003284, 0.18581577065056426, 0.11917953473954078, 0.16926523500039956, 0.08634703439668197, 0.021659458420012427, -0.03759944271452788, -0.19038716465735636, 0.28725239741342035, 0.08685069806294657, 0.2717097128170128, 0.1303053796447876, 0.09885128443872854, 0.10819353343832831, -0.09494212681443251, -0.08526871023511812, -0.18237394630271128, 0.03613965720047846, 0.28524572178995344, 0.06325410083992829, 0.12597623548838272, -0.28266061326839076, -0.0643144803544303, 0.09018279295101636, 0.13000257201140605, -0.0166143031121709, 0.023814772748771834, -0.2653201412049537, 0.13226351045666873, -0.22989793312774987, -0.11539305468821633, -0.0037797488225232655, 0.09883262901938669, -0.034202481606317794, -0.3210823797883012, 0.06662699870032478, -0.050297844474117795, 0.08377700793642957, -0.03370227593490306, -0.2714833543819821, -0.08136870389111622, 0.01506958543049062, 0.10026054082735747, 0.15602388386438532, 0.18396115839919625, -0.12468812532112503, -0.1566051670952755, 0.3173291591786537, 0.013058916668059351, -0.1369007177310487, 0.0803861792469319, -0.23897751302560086, -0.06846804945815761, 0.22239700248151892, 0.24646146460475415, 0.061867097047345415, -0.17271406681691648, 0.14150817032283203, -0.0015873090528389987, 0.19666246944224508, 0.12836288911400034, -0.010676350620645685, 0.08099427852513534, 0.18198364523842053, -0.09588713702127463, 0.06768876455426842, -0.21901507824346297, -0.018957399066631533, -0.43416004449504764, -0.10091931893325903, -0.06973709012068682, 0.12354262901407455, -0.08004966472065714, -0.006104171483487892, 0.3061621778433313, 0.008668380697439288, 0.31587937183897286, 0.0023831943687865464, 0.2827844029339422, 0.12706560967783562, 0.05647408887900475, 0.05688384206996871, 0.3026299665862021, 0.22338908674594546, 0.21221894209719255, -0.21315792300777525, 0.00653318444094738, -0.03421180774731671] |
708.1479 | The rotation of very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs | The evolution of angular momentum is a key to our understanding of star
formation and stellar evolution. The rotational evolution of solar-mass stars
is mostly controlled by magnetic interaction with the circumstellar disc and
angular momentum loss through stellar winds. Major differences in the internal
structure of very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs -- they are believed to be
fully convective throughout their lives, and thus should not operate a
solar-type dynamo -- may lead to major differences in the rotation and activity
of these objects. Here, we report on observational studies to understand the
rotational evolution of the very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs.
| astro-ph | the evolution of angular momentum is a key to our understanding of star formation and stellar evolution the rotational evolution of solarmass stars is mostly controlled by magnetic interaction with the circumstellar disc and angular momentum loss through stellar winds major differences in the internal structure of very lowmass stars and brown dwarfs they are believed to be fully convective throughout their lives and thus should not operate a solartype dynamo may lead to major differences in the rotation and activity of these objects here we report on observational studies to understand the rotational evolution of the very lowmass stars and brown dwarfs | [['the', 'evolution', 'of', 'angular', 'momentum', 'is', 'a', 'key', 'to', 'our', 'understanding', 'of', 'star', 'formation', 'and', 'stellar', 'evolution', 'the', 'rotational', 'evolution', 'of', 'solarmass', 'stars', 'is', 'mostly', 'controlled', 'by', 'magnetic', 'interaction', 'with', 'the', 'circumstellar', 'disc', 'and', 'angular', 'momentum', 'loss', 'through', 'stellar', 'winds', 'major', 'differences', 'in', 'the', 'internal', 'structure', 'of', 'very', 'lowmass', 'stars', 'and', 'brown', 'dwarfs', 'they', 'are', 'believed', 'to', 'be', 'fully', 'convective', 'throughout', 'their', 'lives', 'and', 'thus', 'should', 'not', 'operate', 'a', 'solartype', 'dynamo', 'may', 'lead', 'to', 'major', 'differences', 'in', 'the', 'rotation', 'and', 'activity', 'of', 'these', 'objects', 'here', 'we', 'report', 'on', 'observational', 'studies', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'rotational', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'very', 'lowmass', 'stars', 'and', 'brown', 'dwarfs']] | [-0.09511758039877252, 0.2195659363099817, -0.08965648505475046, 0.14657282134635574, -0.16319278052564964, 0.02809184181133231, 0.041678029948899756, 0.4156731534206751, -0.17552465260101174, -0.39741484679788064, 0.040262228531256605, -0.21860718733893292, -0.04180809279487839, 0.189491663557631, -0.09666692738611142, -0.02692880070976262, 0.1350265473163533, -0.07834659347274495, -0.03518264652828876, -0.2530782090531644, 0.3820344091447305, 0.08432562595902426, 0.07379962952448127, -0.03014377833714763, 0.02516573202091007, -0.17333125570920088, -0.08843870957391066, -0.08197879033542953, -0.152743370050691, 0.014146113171450142, 0.24827827620873844, 0.09731453396289529, 0.2383070503411254, -0.4029980564435709, -0.2278100209835085, 0.014533169865969893, 0.22112086103795078, 0.05871582745565373, -0.0917903800343516, -0.22099539330138743, 0.07043691105164081, -0.17591920661857552, -0.14132415216859176, -0.028030723988901354, 0.07011104990429814, 0.055389037310570766, -0.21497928851467188, 0.08800022620413886, 0.13490082654035063, 0.117529359248295, -0.15541951944463822, -0.077767466246919, -0.13981197137177642, 0.1414018502974322, 0.06948049495322178, 0.06889386139629246, 0.1727340458033299, -0.15695902284741112, -0.021031763323230073, 0.43150876968809704, -0.07306366497017805, -0.07889493454916818, 0.2883763031003255, -0.27331266577075264, -0.14284650446593905, 0.07813380136905075, 0.20114854703322776, 0.17305465915140886, -0.17345337966260346, -0.06555402641822086, 0.04876500624005945, 0.15595588490629153, 0.020523989134585682, 0.07932345022094771, 0.42302081954566023, 0.17031381468489784, -0.020133793675024242, 0.017684842494895086, -0.2027588610297738, -0.12298760657849749, -0.17597173203180716, -0.11860255269532644, -0.11625573711268586, 0.11107606955510632, -0.08610970954986027, -0.1334082531625206, 0.33788811116144785, 0.09315647703066504, 0.20033405222975223, -0.011668461682365357, 0.29175976661115305, 0.06729241359856848, 0.14881218620575964, 0.14198200154181534, 0.33063591624275573, 0.2533366929726151, 0.14519040838100958, -0.3408705899401486, 0.1204175588774305, -0.033496242502559594] |
708.148 | Valid formulas, games and network protocols | We describe a remarkable relation between the notion of valid formula of
predicate logic and the specification of network protocols. We give several
examples such as the acknowledgement of one packet or of a sequence of packets.
We show how to specify the composition of protocols.
| cs.LO | we describe a remarkable relation between the notion of valid formula of predicate logic and the specification of network protocols we give several examples such as the acknowledgement of one packet or of a sequence of packets we show how to specify the composition of protocols | [['we', 'describe', 'a', 'remarkable', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'valid', 'formula', 'of', 'predicate', 'logic', 'and', 'the', 'specification', 'of', 'network', 'protocols', 'we', 'give', 'several', 'examples', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'acknowledgement', 'of', 'one', 'packet', 'or', 'of', 'a', 'sequence', 'of', 'packets', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'specify', 'the', 'composition', 'of', 'protocols']] | [-0.2114652853621089, 0.029717901012981714, -0.10018202943889343, 0.08876638399922977, -0.048102674074471, -0.15800653306929313, 0.1381034779630642, 0.3711615737689578, -0.306787794050963, -0.2856902549367236, 0.04761929592401113, -0.22895274663586979, -0.17051168140935022, 0.19330910264777587, -0.10993965163462512, 0.07811637055989273, 0.020317922381724675, 0.09485320957458537, -0.07694723629190223, -0.22080391331616303, 0.37220127593078045, -0.029356467426228133, 0.23294444274886147, 0.07887177371784397, 0.13945690834003946, 0.03061908158554655, -0.023545886744218675, -0.029601310787256807, -0.14903234226284953, 0.11247825274324935, 0.25551387448997603, 0.29213797066198743, 0.2707559945790664, -0.46761300463391386, -0.1566461443637862, 0.07832630287410448, 0.08464482642264794, 0.14602004629357354, 0.0034235227832813625, -0.24745653004830945, 0.10949572517901011, -0.27652725885855034, -0.08993060101309548, -0.07469082289658811, 0.0034801302396732826, 0.11152171485287987, -0.22687006328740847, -0.013167830991417008, 0.15576477061309243, 0.051278275579376066, -0.028545769214954064, -0.014376490437628134, -0.013986506884026787, 0.16238956611461774, 0.020175857105008934, -0.029413706471171717, 0.09065377667708241, -0.08228619748969442, -0.17510700902051252, 0.375430303706747, -0.02445052539848763, -0.17064164943345214, 0.1351523184288374, -0.08300239568495232, -0.1549569293451698, 0.0168986562234552, 0.14846037465917028, 0.10574242789500757, -0.11613342076863932, 0.012326200997568261, -0.056479310049958854, 0.19139141127791093, 0.10920363716760893, 0.12816863312669421, 0.14162393493334885, 0.14869680077485417, 0.06724982413098864, 0.18831459883317028, -0.003969531101377114, -0.08290352814061486, -0.3473364017782328, -0.2087733960993912, -0.14453870994949955, 0.021183830564436706, -0.08836793278960217, -0.20503441194760735, 0.4167619120815526, 0.18862351633446373, 0.20301270926290232, 0.13340533486283992, 0.28997001681557816, 0.10266227495563014, 0.05768580929092739, 0.03956243962697361, 0.1302418129356659, 0.13581221097189447, 0.09828545282716336, -0.14408367083650891, 0.12395189563824754, 0.07285774572570201] |
708.1481 | Stanley Decompositions, Pretty Clean Filtrations and Reductions Modulo
Regular Elements | We study the behavior of Stanley decompositions and of pretty clean
filtrations under reduction modulo a regular element.
| math.AC | we study the behavior of stanley decompositions and of pretty clean filtrations under reduction modulo a regular element | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'stanley', 'decompositions', 'and', 'of', 'pretty', 'clean', 'filtrations', 'under', 'reduction', 'modulo', 'a', 'regular', 'element']] | [-0.13360394770279527, 0.04197485253421797, -0.18464880933364233, 0.07672793418169022, -0.024930315803632967, -0.12875676287027696, 0.027535669609076448, 0.36409157969885403, -0.3687982853088114, -0.16190713023145994, 0.1241339592832244, -0.27270875602132744, -0.130800811560928, 0.15239101379281944, -0.1894725456626879, 0.03880899275342623, 0.11287553623939554, 0.006874851520276732, -0.15056865814969772, -0.3151791035715077, 0.34599053528573775, 0.044522141106426716, 0.2888315520766709, 0.018754480235252738, 0.044622756333814725, 0.013240429391670559, -0.03508155851320933, 0.03558185841474268, -0.20157890109759238, 0.12675253632995817, 0.29270710630549324, 0.05896743242111471, 0.1476060827780101, -0.3859062290026082, -0.01011772800443901, 0.2013865707235204, 0.09266488189395103, 0.05211192990342776, -0.02396777889225632, -0.17188500323229366, 0.16836960784470043, -0.16958654382162625, -0.13628839331472087, -0.11625326114396255, 0.10400847925080194, -0.0022373066232022312, -0.2845967631373141, -0.027526181812087696, 0.19875362267096838, 0.24473389481297797, -0.06048478605225682, -0.14736600127071142, 0.04464123664527304, 0.05038482843277355, -0.0187517912644479, -0.11287311137291706, 0.04914109794319504, -0.1608821754861209, -0.09089657602210839, 0.37163398621810806, -0.09563862656553586, -0.19174892455339432, 0.14588421603871715, -0.17260129294461674, -0.14616327318880293, 0.10780753288418055, 0.03384548198017809, 0.1252171258545584, -0.017563896926326886, 0.17899759237641572, -0.18540965186225045, 0.07636451835019721, 0.1922489387086696, 0.03884697746899393, 0.09860815335479048, 0.1371465436079436, 0.08371932522600724, 0.22646905295550823, 0.007662046493755447, 0.014799348389108976, -0.3049089341527886, -0.21261444584363037, -0.12002705606735414, 0.14094163808557722, -0.11233619059769101, -0.30438745782400173, 0.4412797764978475, 0.06604009069916275, 0.14682576546652448, 0.15669709449220035, 0.2190127567284637, 0.04162170065359937, 0.011009183298382495, 0.0012170067057013512, 0.05427837144169542, 0.20123568260007435, -0.018225633746220007, -0.17637627509733042, 0.04435757454484701, 0.22083193726009792] |
708.1482 | f(R) Gravity: From the Pioneer Anomaly to the Cosmic Acceleration | We use metric formalism in $f(R)$ modified gravity to study the dynamics of
various systems from the solar system to the cosmological scale. we assume an
ansatz for the derivative of action as a function of distance and describe the
Pioneer anomaly and the flat rotation curve of the spiral galaxies. Having the
asymptotic behavior of action, we propose the action of $f(R) = (R + \Lambda)(1
+ \ln(R/R_c)/(R/R_0 + 2/\alpha))$ where in galactic and solar system scales it
can recover our desired form. The vacuum solution of this action also results
in a positive late time acceleration for the universe. We fix the parameters of
this model, comparing with the Pioneer anomaly, rotation curve of spiral
galaxies and Supernova Type Ia gold sample data.
| astro-ph gr-qc hep-th | we use metric formalism in fr modified gravity to study the dynamics of various systems from the solar system to the cosmological scale we assume an ansatz for the derivative of action as a function of distance and describe the pioneer anomaly and the flat rotation curve of the spiral galaxies having the asymptotic behavior of action we propose the action of fr r lambda1 lnrr_crr_0 2alpha where in galactic and solar system scales it can recover our desired form the vacuum solution of this action also results in a positive late time acceleration for the universe we fix the parameters of this model comparing with the pioneer anomaly rotation curve of spiral galaxies and supernova type ia gold sample data | [['we', 'use', 'metric', 'formalism', 'in', 'fr', 'modified', 'gravity', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'various', 'systems', 'from', 'the', 'solar', 'system', 'to', 'the', 'cosmological', 'scale', 'we', 'assume', 'an', 'ansatz', 'for', 'the', 'derivative', 'of', 'action', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'distance', 'and', 'describe', 'the', 'pioneer', 'anomaly', 'and', 'the', 'flat', 'rotation', 'curve', 'of', 'the', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'having', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'behavior', 'of', 'action', 'we', 'propose', 'the', 'action', 'of', 'fr', 'r', 'lambda1', 'lnrr_crr_0', '2alpha', 'where', 'in', 'galactic', 'and', 'solar', 'system', 'scales', 'it', 'can', 'recover', 'our', 'desired', 'form', 'the', 'vacuum', 'solution', 'of', 'this', 'action', 'also', 'results', 'in', 'a', 'positive', 'late', 'time', 'acceleration', 'for', 'the', 'universe', 'we', 'fix', 'the', 'parameters', 'of', 'this', 'model', 'comparing', 'with', 'the', 'pioneer', 'anomaly', 'rotation', 'curve', 'of', 'spiral', 'galaxies', 'and', 'supernova', 'type', 'ia', 'gold', 'sample', 'data']] | [-0.13805131777965773, 0.04346504798850219, -0.11165753997435483, 0.07908835756243207, -0.09937958576483652, -0.09620202549073535, -0.0077903515368234364, 0.3313854167121463, -0.22930435207672417, -0.3099443259367642, 0.05783238337705067, -0.2618590707269808, -0.14128009958658366, 0.16610261161307183, -0.035380168065118296, 0.008517743433670451, 0.0002841226077483346, 0.04473138317698613, -0.07903325891432662, -0.25080852429382505, 0.33740027286985425, 0.0846594117426624, 0.20560906971028695, -0.06376236906507984, 0.12461356581673802, -0.09159582898585844, 0.00015730576318067808, 0.01031315237438927, -0.15985423121601344, 0.040319431093909466, 0.17010552465762885, 0.1570850048214197, 0.18326206295751035, -0.3911627567059744, -0.23733278363166999, 0.09976264427047378, 0.14898355484668477, 0.1159248645650223, -0.042629260562049846, -0.2838512555308019, 0.06762531229760498, -0.17655456935948072, -0.1915399591671303, 0.0034313626509780686, 0.034642564070721464, -0.007056568543581913, -0.24315943431623357, 0.11186112709668426, 0.02349123847670853, 0.0649658112010608, -0.12669898938620464, -0.04513861835584976, 0.020208773153717628, 0.10918270636272306, 0.12517799777851907, 0.06335015647831217, 0.13640057902472716, -0.13338120901413883, -0.04367475740533943, 0.4246779781300575, -0.13896375841189487, -0.13014730661379872, 0.144483398545223, -0.20984404282644392, -0.11839550314083075, 0.04081634616284949, 0.17057857376057656, 0.14366188389637197, -0.1506298785097897, 0.12249800077406689, -0.002651482238434255, 0.1416194485112404, 0.04981938469184873, 0.012792415077577364, 0.22386032164407274, 0.1240671982911105, 0.04344518068537582, 0.09370897370196568, -0.12752124645436805, -0.05309059994372849, -0.3409165951617373, -0.15898768334279037, -0.13563902359261798, 0.08924646739227077, -0.18240393371427974, -0.15546680002783736, 0.3958211814344395, 0.13030571435034896, 0.19838622885678583, 0.07877905661201415, 0.26503473015036433, 0.08309907587633157, 0.07242195662887146, 0.09660380207933486, 0.26811494295640537, 0.09114303317231437, 0.09536658330859306, -0.3019342118311518, 0.0030212579920771533, 0.08216636907309294] |
708.1483 | Memory in the system: trajectory-environment | In the paper the memory effect in the system consisting from a trajectory of
process and an environment is considered. The environment is presented by
scalar potential and noise. The evolution of system is interpreted as process
of the continuous "measurement" of a trajectory by an environment and\or on the
contrary. In this sense the measured value is entropy-the information about
embedding of the trajectory into configurations space. The concepts
"measurement" and "interaction" are identified alike in quantum theory. Thus,
the entropy evolution is not only the effect of dynamics, but also its cause,
if it is possible to speak about causality in this case. It is shown, that such
non-elastic interaction leads to occurrence of memory in the system. The reflex
memory mechanism is realized as a real conformal dynamic metrics. The
metastable event (attractor) is defined and time of its life is estimated. It
is shown, that in the system there is a change of dynamic modes from spatial
localization to random walk (fluctuation, relaxation). On scale of the
attractors dynamics the memory is appearing as a semi-regular (in some
information sense) drift of the image of fluctuations in a power spectrum of
environment to absolute minimum. The latter properties (topological
convergence) attract the attention to algorithmic aspect of a considered
system.
| physics.gen-ph | in the paper the memory effect in the system consisting from a trajectory of process and an environment is considered the environment is presented by scalar potential and noise the evolution of system is interpreted as process of the continuous measurement of a trajectory by an environment andor on the contrary in this sense the measured value is entropythe information about embedding of the trajectory into configurations space the concepts measurement and interaction are identified alike in quantum theory thus the entropy evolution is not only the effect of dynamics but also its cause if it is possible to speak about causality in this case it is shown that such nonelastic interaction leads to occurrence of memory in the system the reflex memory mechanism is realized as a real conformal dynamic metrics the metastable event attractor is defined and time of its life is estimated it is shown that in the system there is a change of dynamic modes from spatial localization to random walk fluctuation relaxation on scale of the attractors dynamics the memory is appearing as a semiregular in some information sense drift of the image of fluctuations in a power spectrum of environment to absolute minimum the latter properties topological convergence attract the attention to algorithmic aspect of a considered system | [['in', 'the', 'paper', 'the', 'memory', 'effect', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'consisting', 'from', 'a', 'trajectory', 'of', 'process', 'and', 'an', 'environment', 'is', 'considered', 'the', 'environment', 'is', 'presented', 'by', 'scalar', 'potential', 'and', 'noise', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'system', 'is', 'interpreted', 'as', 'process', 'of', 'the', 'continuous', 'measurement', 'of', 'a', 'trajectory', 'by', 'an', 'environment', 'andor', 'on', 'the', 'contrary', 'in', 'this', 'sense', 'the', 'measured', 'value', 'is', 'entropythe', 'information', 'about', 'embedding', 'of', 'the', 'trajectory', 'into', 'configurations', 'space', 'the', 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708.1484 | A quantum dot implementation of the quantum NAND algorithm | We propose a physical implementation of the quantum NAND tree evaluation
algorithm. Our approach, based on continuous time quantum walks, uses the wave
interference of a single electron in a heirarchical set of tunnel coupled
quantum dots. We find that the query complexity of the NAND tree evaluation
does not suffer strongly from disorder and dephasing, nor is it directly
limited by temperature or restricted dimensionality for 2-d structures.
Finally, we suggest a potential application of this algorithm to the efficient
determination of high-order correlation functions of complex quantum systems.
| quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hall | we propose a physical implementation of the quantum nand tree evaluation algorithm our approach based on continuous time quantum walks uses the wave interference of a single electron in a heirarchical set of tunnel coupled quantum dots we find that the query complexity of the nand tree evaluation does not suffer strongly from disorder and dephasing nor is it directly limited by temperature or restricted dimensionality for 2d structures finally we suggest a potential application of this algorithm to the efficient determination of highorder correlation functions of complex quantum systems | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'physical', 'implementation', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'nand', 'tree', 'evaluation', 'algorithm', 'our', 'approach', 'based', 'on', 'continuous', 'time', 'quantum', 'walks', 'uses', 'the', 'wave', 'interference', 'of', 'a', 'single', 'electron', 'in', 'a', 'heirarchical', 'set', 'of', 'tunnel', 'coupled', 'quantum', 'dots', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'query', 'complexity', 'of', 'the', 'nand', 'tree', 'evaluation', 'does', 'not', 'suffer', 'strongly', 'from', 'disorder', 'and', 'dephasing', 'nor', 'is', 'it', 'directly', 'limited', 'by', 'temperature', 'or', 'restricted', 'dimensionality', 'for', '2d', 'structures', 'finally', 'we', 'suggest', 'a', 'potential', 'application', 'of', 'this', 'algorithm', 'to', 'the', 'efficient', 'determination', 'of', 'highorder', 'correlation', 'functions', 'of', 'complex', 'quantum', 'systems']] | [-0.14161146835734448, 0.11176792415272858, -0.058478095604934624, 0.04661623884716796, -0.05083094484483202, -0.17955072199304897, 0.11287027607775396, 0.40465936918432516, -0.25002643366654714, -0.2662240811934074, 0.05029198443387738, -0.23723798278305266, -0.2030893130771195, 0.21250955410456907, -0.02772741063963622, 0.12025919167531861, 0.08007567350545691, 0.006919152729420198, -0.07124415668400211, -0.22815493487028612, 0.3071083004612269, 0.023849858845480614, 0.2985730149162312, 0.06848366217584245, 0.10721762322613762, 0.04621741015257107, 0.010088890620196859, 0.016642764578056003, -0.08913631669234343, 0.0967968593765464, 0.21143465838912462, 0.13856787451335953, 0.25708050198025173, -0.44002186024768486, -0.2018301490539064, 0.06448791823737944, 0.14150942980001371, 0.17368712287861854, -0.05381884587437121, -0.26614890769124033, 0.03991375696625457, -0.14747802842304938, -0.046431947727170256, -0.08623411674569878, -0.031999875413667826, 0.010867721984525108, -0.26902308776043354, 0.06370713341360291, 0.07031452723054422, 0.028096341683218878, 0.019760819891881613, -0.06287371907641905, 0.05558168954836826, 0.0813635256839916, -0.10171694453133064, 0.05062850318435166, 0.17064576748655075, -0.09655212741603868, -0.21540171680389902, 0.37087628219483626, -0.03213772577453508, -0.20276670687728457, 0.1985493962885812, -0.1266269134849103, -0.1212896176510387, 0.13101301385193234, 0.185751308132765, 0.11078163869678974, -0.12537337225189227, 0.1305491020249772, 0.006671799551339872, 0.21302445471907655, 0.022596705922236046, 0.08224237140578529, 0.1829056505585969, 0.1882639040083935, 0.0587170344673925, 0.14389539424123035, -0.07894233122416254, -0.1176357759990626, -0.2616705486214616, -0.18098675209459744, -0.2667300992438363, 0.08800957186677907, -0.09996732034600832, -0.2842006712349959, 0.39841335783195164, 0.20096183125343586, 0.14535842958009906, 0.07541075395937595, 0.32962342043303783, 0.136022651992486, 0.0933685456092159, 0.07945277283692526, 0.14285885805729776, 0.10719776561535481, 0.07455852255742583, -0.2801157327084285, 0.07161977836965687, 0.03999729746331771] |
708.1485 | Pathwise coordinate optimization | We consider ``one-at-a-time'' coordinate-wise descent algorithms for a class
of convex optimization problems. An algorithm of this kind has been proposed
for the $L_1$-penalized regression (lasso) in the literature, but it seems to
have been largely ignored. Indeed, it seems that coordinate-wise algorithms are
not often used in convex optimization. We show that this algorithm is very
competitive with the well-known LARS (or homotopy) procedure in large lasso
problems, and that it can be applied to related methods such as the garotte and
elastic net. It turns out that coordinate-wise descent does not work in the
``fused lasso,'' however, so we derive a generalized algorithm that yields the
solution in much less time that a standard convex optimizer. Finally, we
generalize the procedure to the two-dimensional fused lasso, and demonstrate
its performance on some image smoothing problems.
| stat.CO math.OC | we consider oneatatime coordinatewise descent algorithms for a class of convex optimization problems an algorithm of this kind has been proposed for the l_1penalized regression lasso in the literature but it seems to have been largely ignored indeed it seems that coordinatewise algorithms are not often used in convex optimization we show that this algorithm is very competitive with the wellknown lars or homotopy procedure in large lasso problems and that it can be applied to related methods such as the garotte and elastic net it turns out that coordinatewise descent does not work in the fused lasso however so we derive a generalized algorithm that yields the solution in much less time that a standard convex optimizer finally we generalize the procedure to the twodimensional fused lasso and demonstrate its performance on some image smoothing problems | [['we', 'consider', 'oneatatime', 'coordinatewise', 'descent', 'algorithms', 'for', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'convex', 'optimization', 'problems', 'an', 'algorithm', 'of', 'this', 'kind', 'has', 'been', 'proposed', 'for', 'the', 'l_1penalized', 'regression', 'lasso', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'but', 'it', 'seems', 'to', 'have', 'been', 'largely', 'ignored', 'indeed', 'it', 'seems', 'that', 'coordinatewise', 'algorithms', 'are', 'not', 'often', 'used', 'in', 'convex', 'optimization', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'algorithm', 'is', 'very', 'competitive', 'with', 'the', 'wellknown', 'lars', 'or', 'homotopy', 'procedure', 'in', 'large', 'lasso', 'problems', 'and', 'that', 'it', 'can', 'be', 'applied', 'to', 'related', 'methods', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'garotte', 'and', 'elastic', 'net', 'it', 'turns', 'out', 'that', 'coordinatewise', 'descent', 'does', 'not', 'work', 'in', 'the', 'fused', 'lasso', 'however', 'so', 'we', 'derive', 'a', 'generalized', 'algorithm', 'that', 'yields', 'the', 'solution', 'in', 'much', 'less', 'time', 'that', 'a', 'standard', 'convex', 'optimizer', 'finally', 'we', 'generalize', 'the', 'procedure', 'to', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'fused', 'lasso', 'and', 'demonstrate', 'its', 'performance', 'on', 'some', 'image', 'smoothing', 'problems']] | [-0.005246546287701404, -0.029554212842213948, -0.1468411138090883, 0.10322176168390625, -0.12747868396899234, -0.19630638407339362, 0.0008490733380844123, 0.48882448656933153, -0.3339875205402963, -0.2555491909738222, 0.1552089756859439, -0.22285093162820613, -0.22908561164173333, 0.20789717046720704, -0.15922684757970273, 0.13006755218112054, 0.10140879833594943, 0.0331476535240229, -0.08585818199930291, -0.3488278565401497, 0.21927095505742045, 0.04086646062991561, 0.26472966333488057, 0.019927045733185253, 0.11076895257689222, -0.001065870298303827, 0.01233863491857302, 0.10963082393073906, -0.0799300406640353, 0.09431277798747059, 0.29748615062027406, 0.18192600095168734, 0.3631209184306871, -0.3700861967692192, -0.18938230119482444, 0.16492394746763864, 0.17444580495289533, 0.09215252793455211, -0.032721970421534005, -0.22190802515803898, 0.10741605610420152, -0.12381626450606234, -0.04194752857034659, -0.13989931499299996, -0.05725656812806634, 0.002237918055072481, -0.30631337743796355, 0.044776604809954657, 0.10157064729145844, -0.009737471662407373, -0.046838141229160024, -0.1721962163017478, 0.045398774626494866, -0.00022275063521942518, 0.11168958024839007, 0.0441657480117559, 0.11931048525687661, -0.08804176714148944, -0.12959798742221654, 0.3845409778810113, -0.014964127816246266, -0.2540422167397872, 0.18917797017718468, -0.04290100709147697, -0.19699034040766586, 0.12531142572814558, 0.1796202589043953, 0.17766898892901456, -0.1526409543941926, 0.09833106917820286, -0.10638844868742664, 0.13707980271224884, 0.0367341775236393, -0.06196439115289789, 0.0743568149398686, 0.13940798363267667, 0.1769959827031886, 0.14143243009125964, -0.059919743521655675, -0.0816347796442735, -0.2475271536416313, -0.1286219621831755, -0.2069090265835071, -0.022289552416331238, -0.08462970777651393, -0.19558675326135036, 0.33645298046121086, 0.1794090359573708, 0.18376149098477224, 0.10117237967010724, 0.3036477311521116, 0.1016744099358559, 0.13419359196725228, 0.10961770228395769, 0.25169019452164487, 0.1104903698841069, 0.0688400908142165, -0.19577195969525807, 0.098103102514126, 0.1000406709533647] |
708.1486 | The low energy spectrum of finite size metallic SWNTs | The electronic spectrum of metallic finite-size single-wall carbon nanotubes
at low energies is derived. It is based on a tight-binding description for the
interacting p_{z} electrons. Not only the forward scattering parts of the
Coulomb interaction, which are diagonalized by bosonization, are considered,
but also all other processes becoming relevant for small diameter tubes. As a
consequence of the substructure of the underlying lattice, a spin 1 triplet is
found as ground state if the exchange splitting is larger than the branch
mismatch, a spin 0 singlet otherwise. Moreover the excitation spectrum is
calculated.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | the electronic spectrum of metallic finitesize singlewall carbon nanotubes at low energies is derived it is based on a tightbinding description for the interacting p_z electrons not only the forward scattering parts of the coulomb interaction which are diagonalized by bosonization are considered but also all other processes becoming relevant for small diameter tubes as a consequence of the substructure of the underlying lattice a spin 1 triplet is found as ground state if the exchange splitting is larger than the branch mismatch a spin 0 singlet otherwise moreover the excitation spectrum is calculated | [['the', 'electronic', 'spectrum', 'of', 'metallic', 'finitesize', 'singlewall', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'at', 'low', 'energies', 'is', 'derived', 'it', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'tightbinding', 'description', 'for', 'the', 'interacting', 'p_z', 'electrons', 'not', 'only', 'the', 'forward', 'scattering', 'parts', 'of', 'the', 'coulomb', 'interaction', 'which', 'are', 'diagonalized', 'by', 'bosonization', 'are', 'considered', 'but', 'also', 'all', 'other', 'processes', 'becoming', 'relevant', 'for', 'small', 'diameter', 'tubes', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'the', 'substructure', 'of', 'the', 'underlying', 'lattice', 'a', 'spin', '1', 'triplet', 'is', 'found', 'as', 'ground', 'state', 'if', 'the', 'exchange', 'splitting', 'is', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'branch', 'mismatch', 'a', 'spin', '0', 'singlet', 'otherwise', 'moreover', 'the', 'excitation', 'spectrum', 'is', 'calculated']] | [-0.14504662455069495, 0.24712436985065964, -0.02800422377309742, 0.12070420895767536, -0.022478066548269164, -0.17407455160579782, 0.007711601389096456, 0.3980268746852241, -0.24053039650142966, -0.2542687561709751, 0.031743447246782956, -0.3282451698596173, -0.05598935352618548, 0.14366616980925678, 0.10909125257402341, -0.0440234871548842, 0.06965957011561841, 0.028303446634573504, -0.0500929196702039, -0.16889205154562814, 0.2930612730139748, 0.029028113936371308, 0.2813921973723522, 0.1100899996384582, 0.03613441040184587, 0.04694430698006553, 0.10404934280334001, -0.021819299859727952, -0.08790991217532057, 0.09017051094548499, 0.2317831643263839, -0.0658416125546903, 0.1755995046746164, -0.41187096706175425, -0.19821353770911376, 0.03603124801822482, 0.19559477190635702, 0.15140897586837687, -0.017100766589716473, -0.25356348517271593, 0.05933230131012487, -0.18819819304576896, -0.13766994813278793, -0.060774577595169674, 0.040512222177448105, -0.024813714679925047, -0.24216680665391477, 0.07331926314911974, 0.036102757692594634, 0.039847846128086145, -0.06183284933014991, -0.19034583332571894, -0.13022300442977947, 0.08955367737291182, 0.03657342997587663, 0.005002030285392353, 0.1673898974333226, -0.1329786612186581, -0.05397527004057105, 0.40208486510202923, -0.03523225079001388, -0.17104011672013936, 0.17558018822579624, -0.14287834590736856, -0.07340374852139304, 0.19285124458095176, 0.04345544149722666, 0.10453876952561451, -0.16443469367445784, 0.09729666343891369, -0.030929542542930615, 0.16609654637757054, 0.03399012297233368, 0.08423018534766867, 0.21104950416694454, 0.18575216471118497, 0.07073275619087384, 0.10275668549373687, -0.12259410266972523, -0.08589477400652114, -0.27892793738778604, -0.12673711036629182, -0.26982299676486987, 0.09334944027858078, -0.04421029645117357, -0.18350196646605718, 0.38673006897659706, 0.06538310120417241, 0.18965447250446502, -0.009249839826457282, 0.27421596999022557, 0.15046233497807718, 0.08922038983276233, 0.0346393708295704, 0.264495760355977, 0.1883124122668573, 0.033989735230050507, -0.25706329027270064, 0.037216521621226, 0.0383304353367458] |
708.1487 | Quasisymmetric and unipotent tensor categories | We classify braided tensor categories over C of exponential growth which are
quasisymmetric, i.e., the squared braiding is the identity on the product of
any two simple objects. This generalizes the classification results of Deligne
on symmetric categories of exponential growth, and of Drinfeld on
quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebras. In particular, we classify braided
categories of exponential growth which are unipotent, i.e., those whose only
simple object is the unit object. We also classify fiber functors on such
categories. Finally, using the Etingof-Kazhdan quantization theory of Poisson
algebraic groups, we give a classification of coconnected Hopf algebras, i.e.
of unipotent categories of exponential growth with a fiber functor.
| math.QA math.CT | we classify braided tensor categories over c of exponential growth which are quasisymmetric ie the squared braiding is the identity on the product of any two simple objects this generalizes the classification results of deligne on symmetric categories of exponential growth and of drinfeld on quasitriangular quasihopf algebras in particular we classify braided categories of exponential growth which are unipotent ie those whose only simple object is the unit object we also classify fiber functors on such categories finally using the etingofkazhdan quantization theory of poisson algebraic groups we give a classification of coconnected hopf algebras ie of unipotent categories of exponential growth with a fiber functor | [['we', 'classify', 'braided', 'tensor', 'categories', 'over', 'c', 'of', 'exponential', 'growth', 'which', 'are', 'quasisymmetric', 'ie', 'the', 'squared', 'braiding', 'is', 'the', 'identity', 'on', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'any', 'two', 'simple', 'objects', 'this', 'generalizes', 'the', 'classification', 'results', 'of', 'deligne', 'on', 'symmetric', 'categories', 'of', 'exponential', 'growth', 'and', 'of', 'drinfeld', 'on', 'quasitriangular', 'quasihopf', 'algebras', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'classify', 'braided', 'categories', 'of', 'exponential', 'growth', 'which', 'are', 'unipotent', 'ie', 'those', 'whose', 'only', 'simple', 'object', 'is', 'the', 'unit', 'object', 'we', 'also', 'classify', 'fiber', 'functors', 'on', 'such', 'categories', 'finally', 'using', 'the', 'etingofkazhdan', 'quantization', 'theory', 'of', 'poisson', 'algebraic', 'groups', 'we', 'give', 'a', 'classification', 'of', 'coconnected', 'hopf', 'algebras', 'ie', 'of', 'unipotent', 'categories', 'of', 'exponential', 'growth', 'with', 'a', 'fiber', 'functor']] | [-0.17456686231590562, 0.0378332749078764, -0.07176862130481228, 0.05285952046021784, -0.11477223845529501, -0.168473451407017, -0.04659802142844022, 0.39020230174097276, -0.38296449831556356, -0.16180728219240625, 0.11825463665261969, -0.19310918832078106, -0.16228690584164077, 0.20580874690698964, -0.2048036783148108, -0.0797978942260738, 0.06513013568256382, 0.16580892230653874, -0.10063390149604355, -0.32300671189588226, 0.49172292315949484, -0.04372033160440972, 0.28849962915981486, -0.024268742476668312, 0.10099521353318591, -0.023451686610476436, -0.06382882378769116, -0.0368997324606247, -0.1379934753743914, 0.16946746574314397, 0.2705779002574664, 0.04692052967550459, 0.160389818930041, -0.3523790835637913, -0.06918581741835887, 0.16906907588295708, 0.1471077525492096, 0.05072699886067797, -0.00856699255103611, -0.30851865753044033, 0.1058170694126704, -0.2974912749220417, -0.027449921278335225, -0.07174855754406095, 0.08868909907466341, 0.03224991882550661, -0.23823810852715901, 0.012825824483243365, 0.12232469823037352, 0.14116268999282724, -0.1428238209206437, -0.05694343988396332, -0.0734952257719831, 0.11576598903510249, -0.06209796832909233, -0.025403752553093933, 0.18407090037852247, -0.14359808440981695, -0.17336564367010354, 0.3365633755086738, -0.016702761119079264, -0.2042580240223313, 0.16611325828832896, -0.1557714447083178, -0.16738753198323963, 0.09666168905585726, 0.08271842257546208, 0.11388070190273156, -0.015327314315276725, 0.16000373371622187, -0.15978604323604953, 0.006104867421221162, 0.15029892758857982, -0.006126340250180007, 0.12639522985076515, 0.11251350596468791, 0.011691606402556003, 0.15190857274797268, 0.013840986111105602, -0.030344412400970393, -0.37203682758888906, -0.19416677536199164, -0.054846691202685656, 0.16178595523184566, -0.13916763748577035, -0.24123237146473725, 0.45605822449776334, 0.053797179441376825, 0.17957906911604402, 0.18909015886215755, 0.19292373004778524, 0.040513153692759644, 0.15000382793967168, 0.011783825717463864, 0.13207384062252034, 0.2833715430330311, -0.05430610139884716, -0.06695909214110296, -0.03174337247717325, 0.2440171641184487] |
708.1488 | Charmonium and open charm production in nuclear collisions at SPS/FAIR
energies and the possible influence of a hot hadronic medium | We provide predictions for charmonium and open charm production in nuclear
collisions at SPS/FAIR energies within the framework of the statistical
hadronization model. The increasing importance at lower energies of Lambda_c
production is demonstrated and provides a challenge for future experiments. We
also demonstrate that, because of the large charm quark mass and the different
timescales for charm quark and charmed hadron production, possible
modifications of charmed hadrons in the hot hadronic medium do not lead to
measurable changes in cross sections for D-meson production. A possible
influence of medium effects can be seen, however, in yields of charmonium.
These effects are visible at all energies and results are presented for the
energy range between charm threshold and RHIC energy.
| nucl-th | we provide predictions for charmonium and open charm production in nuclear collisions at spsfair energies within the framework of the statistical hadronization model the increasing importance at lower energies of lambda_c production is demonstrated and provides a challenge for future experiments we also demonstrate that because of the large charm quark mass and the different timescales for charm quark and charmed hadron production possible modifications of charmed hadrons in the hot hadronic medium do not lead to measurable changes in cross sections for dmeson production a possible influence of medium effects can be seen however in yields of charmonium these effects are visible at all energies and results are presented for the energy range between charm threshold and rhic energy | [['we', 'provide', 'predictions', 'for', 'charmonium', 'and', 'open', 'charm', 'production', 'in', 'nuclear', 'collisions', 'at', 'spsfair', 'energies', 'within', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'the', 'statistical', 'hadronization', 'model', 'the', 'increasing', 'importance', 'at', 'lower', 'energies', 'of', 'lambda_c', 'production', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'and', 'provides', 'a', 'challenge', 'for', 'future', 'experiments', 'we', 'also', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'large', 'charm', 'quark', 'mass', 'and', 'the', 'different', 'timescales', 'for', 'charm', 'quark', 'and', 'charmed', 'hadron', 'production', 'possible', 'modifications', 'of', 'charmed', 'hadrons', 'in', 'the', 'hot', 'hadronic', 'medium', 'do', 'not', 'lead', 'to', 'measurable', 'changes', 'in', 'cross', 'sections', 'for', 'dmeson', 'production', 'a', 'possible', 'influence', 'of', 'medium', 'effects', 'can', 'be', 'seen', 'however', 'in', 'yields', 'of', 'charmonium', 'these', 'effects', 'are', 'visible', 'at', 'all', 'energies', 'and', 'results', 'are', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'energy', 'range', 'between', 'charm', 'threshold', 'and', 'rhic', 'energy']] | [-0.00864670768247119, 0.28194543470808564, -0.11485143101719372, 0.17781016488555632, -0.0006355921925679475, -0.08404583122362108, 0.03909750169870921, 0.3601777935009293, -0.18674253184395304, -0.25524679188295696, -0.05842749765064536, -0.3508392923409824, 0.08751164463215641, 0.1815449754001197, 0.08990621913279243, 0.13539195650828487, 0.14982232110214835, -0.004383691232172115, -0.023637833470916924, -0.20427670931647054, 0.3274731577644046, 0.055423348443582654, 0.1882446999779018, 0.3458194498504911, 0.0257302028676808, -0.0005573371284398712, -0.03581784795695806, -0.026276088151454675, -0.11037770027746965, 0.06049713477309639, 0.28214863394563156, 0.08137998955535601, 0.15266800347589418, -0.386274452047313, -0.14698786322543977, 0.12580060607464122, 0.14767721046482316, 0.1424602329057931, -0.08598385280107751, -0.2338980190796355, 0.12161313153792587, -0.22083294683550836, -0.14087165969603954, -0.11047047425938003, 0.016180676901165175, -0.011315051447639257, -0.31137173427973225, 0.130057009468941, -0.09009304247843493, 0.0315118859044644, -0.04484058285773802, -0.2424174000884743, -0.07228911505276416, 0.04746719610979076, 0.09650601861125813, 0.07404992749773655, 0.20246186641929279, -0.17924807054096317, -0.17771633979747026, 0.43876873863031385, -0.027842609970947774, -0.13860771959224918, 0.17529525014595324, -0.2033874726582303, -0.1632151523734122, 0.14155960171835638, 0.28758347819132746, 0.05060131413893414, -0.2008002508987336, 0.043431677997401844, 0.0062014529278047945, 0.1609973008186799, 0.08281086818823795, 0.1542738352984409, 0.22440612435873067, 0.25531797862353445, -0.05337891660967231, 0.03999282321168752, -0.0910810054741612, -0.08942788058966242, -0.38458481989605275, -0.09872601599189915, -0.05903887258110834, 0.03040097171781651, -0.05485252285021076, -0.07067738704289458, 0.3807787262842435, 0.10563596671431505, 0.26882607910876016, -0.02113395037927798, 0.29791377700802657, 0.055550579678173326, 0.0321893401663093, 0.13952245822121553, 0.3309749665067476, 0.16399953177417903, 0.17717704593258746, -0.27095832610737625, 0.07064028273673117, 0.004482773257842084] |
708.1489 | Principle of Minimal Energy in Relativistic Schroedinger Theory | The Hamilton-Lagrange action principle for Relativistic Schr\"odinger Theory
(RST) is converted to a variational principle (with constraints) for the
stationary bound states. The groundstate energy is the minimally possible value
of the corresponding energy functional and the relativistic energy eigenvalue
equations do appear as the corresponding variational equations. The matter part
of these eigenvalue equations is a relativistic generalization of the
well-known Ritz principle in non-relativistic quantum mechanics which however
disregards the dynamical character of the particle interactions. If the latter
are included in the proposed principle of minimal energy for the bound states,
one obtains a closed dynamical system for both matter and gauge fields. The new
variational principle enables the development of variational techniques for
solving approximately the energy eigenvalue equations. As a demonstration, the
positronium groundstate is treated in great detail. Here a simple exponential
trial function is sufficient in order to reproduce the (exact) result of
conventional quantum mechanics where the relativistic and spin effects are
neglected.
| hep-th | the hamiltonlagrange action principle for relativistic schrodinger theory rst is converted to a variational principle with constraints for the stationary bound states the groundstate energy is the minimally possible value of the corresponding energy functional and the relativistic energy eigenvalue equations do appear as the corresponding variational equations the matter part of these eigenvalue equations is a relativistic generalization of the wellknown ritz principle in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics which however disregards the dynamical character of the particle interactions if the latter are included in the proposed principle of minimal energy for the bound states one obtains a closed dynamical system for both matter and gauge fields the new variational principle enables the development of variational techniques for solving approximately the energy eigenvalue equations as a demonstration the positronium groundstate is treated in great detail here a simple exponential trial function is sufficient in order to reproduce the exact result of conventional quantum mechanics where the relativistic and spin effects are neglected | [['the', 'hamiltonlagrange', 'action', 'principle', 'for', 'relativistic', 'schrodinger', 'theory', 'rst', 'is', 'converted', 'to', 'a', 'variational', 'principle', 'with', 'constraints', 'for', 'the', 'stationary', 'bound', 'states', 'the', 'groundstate', 'energy', 'is', 'the', 'minimally', 'possible', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'energy', 'functional', 'and', 'the', 'relativistic', 'energy', 'eigenvalue', 'equations', 'do', 'appear', 'as', 'the', 'corresponding', 'variational', 'equations', 'the', 'matter', 'part', 'of', 'these', 'eigenvalue', 'equations', 'is', 'a', 'relativistic', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'wellknown', 'ritz', 'principle', 'in', 'nonrelativistic', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'which', 'however', 'disregards', 'the', 'dynamical', 'character', 'of', 'the', 'particle', 'interactions', 'if', 'the', 'latter', 'are', 'included', 'in', 'the', 'proposed', 'principle', 'of', 'minimal', 'energy', 'for', 'the', 'bound', 'states', 'one', 'obtains', 'a', 'closed', 'dynamical', 'system', 'for', 'both', 'matter', 'and', 'gauge', 'fields', 'the', 'new', 'variational', 'principle', 'enables', 'the', 'development', 'of', 'variational', 'techniques', 'for', 'solving', 'approximately', 'the', 'energy', 'eigenvalue', 'equations', 'as', 'a', 'demonstration', 'the', 'positronium', 'groundstate', 'is', 'treated', 'in', 'great', 'detail', 'here', 'a', 'simple', 'exponential', 'trial', 'function', 'is', 'sufficient', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'reproduce', 'the', 'exact', 'result', 'of', 'conventional', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'where', 'the', 'relativistic', 'and', 'spin', 'effects', 'are', 'neglected']] | [-0.10478074423085193, 0.1434310279043264, -0.10691686359166185, 0.14025594507306466, -0.06251514677872291, -0.1207738837895348, -0.013977970940246021, 0.25394784086181416, -0.26029280294889806, -0.30844918993570675, 0.03263510425462278, -0.2560182809366943, -0.09638846903933271, 0.16848801733978, 0.01702764547308502, 0.11561696645543441, 0.08357216709044686, 0.09215300530629082, -0.08754105060484249, -0.17372966355279737, 0.3147302635378488, 0.03058942793347867, 0.2618267883760681, 0.08261599770012479, 0.13701932234631747, 0.014288112761232978, 0.06120522623709605, 0.014381394250121731, -0.11874216677250791, 0.11943637924080842, 0.24205242866152746, 0.07403258249302458, 0.28201089379441296, -0.4441633063790776, -0.23095137716751107, 0.09662745708761655, 0.0998930192222784, 0.18214729828803414, -0.017582453741049914, -0.2930319736023312, 0.01808426689692073, -0.16523413314998892, -0.20040763321011587, -0.08613110771576254, -0.02439089920313925, -0.007970999817144102, -0.2614352320297766, 0.1543378314662794, 0.059474951799117284, -0.021634780867903793, -0.10410287839748104, -0.11245251137991753, -0.008955593637381652, 0.04547495276649824, 0.033413757904149265, 0.01277497040559046, 0.09174298133515979, -0.14162764058778096, -0.11341605763535322, 0.44222859213973237, -0.04998158500168287, -0.24408404835100686, 0.1304313093741997, -0.08859823328321395, -0.13431637921596165, 0.11512833092685627, 0.13040651944726242, 0.14250557604159073, -0.168248667118504, 0.13629330935206854, -0.036110394894613984, 0.12236532812463756, 0.025997011505807778, 0.04375828267219737, 0.16693782966051782, 0.09671289972116395, 0.06817198274165438, 0.09688721222641028, -0.05448247498387228, -0.19667226718543446, -0.3646199069591818, -0.17250277418411852, -0.2300112963833424, 0.08303610639507819, -0.06453324732291497, -0.158328503728931, 0.39057298517143874, 0.09366269724628662, 0.08293431763600859, 0.043505399876204755, 0.2676288169340132, 0.22108525723495134, 0.024883439478042148, 0.06293526744434388, 0.2966901658801362, 0.205216785645552, 0.06640308988367363, -0.25582815314388563, -0.017495296138081328, 0.13320942081349052] |
708.149 | Nonequilibrium Opinion Spreading on 2D Small-World Networks | Irreversible opinion spreading phenomena are studied on small-world networks
generated from 2D regular lattices by means of the magnetic Eden model, a
nonequilibrium kinetic model for the growth of binary mixtures in contact with
a thermal bath. In this model, the opinion or decision of an individual is
affected by those of their acquaintances, but opinion changes (analogous to
spin flips in an Ising-like model) are not allowed. Particularly, we focus on
aspects inherent to the underlying 2D nature of the substrate, such as domain
growth and cluster size distributions. Larger shortcut fractions are observed
to favor long-range ordering connections between distant clusters across the
network, while the temperature is shown to drive the system across an
order-disorder transition, in agreement with previous investigations on related
equilibrium spin systems. Furthermore, the extrapolated phase diagram, as well
as the correlation length critical exponent, are determined by means of
standard finite-size scaling procedures.
| physics.soc-ph cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.stat-mech physics.comp-ph | irreversible opinion spreading phenomena are studied on smallworld networks generated from 2d regular lattices by means of the magnetic eden model a nonequilibrium kinetic model for the growth of binary mixtures in contact with a thermal bath in this model the opinion or decision of an individual is affected by those of their acquaintances but opinion changes analogous to spin flips in an isinglike model are not allowed particularly we focus on aspects inherent to the underlying 2d nature of the substrate such as domain growth and cluster size distributions larger shortcut fractions are observed to favor longrange ordering connections between distant clusters across the network while the temperature is shown to drive the system across an orderdisorder transition in agreement with previous investigations on related equilibrium spin systems furthermore the extrapolated phase diagram as well as the correlation length critical exponent are determined by means of standard finitesize scaling procedures | [['irreversible', 'opinion', 'spreading', 'phenomena', 'are', 'studied', 'on', 'smallworld', 'networks', 'generated', 'from', '2d', 'regular', 'lattices', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'eden', 'model', 'a', 'nonequilibrium', 'kinetic', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'growth', 'of', 'binary', 'mixtures', 'in', 'contact', 'with', 'a', 'thermal', 'bath', 'in', 'this', 'model', 'the', 'opinion', 'or', 'decision', 'of', 'an', 'individual', 'is', 'affected', 'by', 'those', 'of', 'their', 'acquaintances', 'but', 'opinion', 'changes', 'analogous', 'to', 'spin', 'flips', 'in', 'an', 'isinglike', 'model', 'are', 'not', 'allowed', 'particularly', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'aspects', 'inherent', 'to', 'the', 'underlying', '2d', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'substrate', 'such', 'as', 'domain', 'growth', 'and', 'cluster', 'size', 'distributions', 'larger', 'shortcut', 'fractions', 'are', 'observed', 'to', 'favor', 'longrange', 'ordering', 'connections', 'between', 'distant', 'clusters', 'across', 'the', 'network', 'while', 'the', 'temperature', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'drive', 'the', 'system', 'across', 'an', 'orderdisorder', 'transition', 'in', 'agreement', 'with', 'previous', 'investigations', 'on', 'related', 'equilibrium', 'spin', 'systems', 'furthermore', 'the', 'extrapolated', 'phase', 'diagram', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'correlation', 'length', 'critical', 'exponent', 'are', 'determined', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'standard', 'finitesize', 'scaling', 'procedures']] | [-0.12524226582909792, 0.19402113167631874, -0.04982976430397949, 0.07457829331316128, -0.03195169874635025, -0.1379586849299981, 0.07020222874734526, 0.40680069888985115, -0.2658994525350285, -0.2864381947079735, 0.05044633818062528, -0.2998254602645456, -0.15327476094698916, 0.16878221516300068, 0.02264995871124086, 0.05322502777350462, -0.001506532368170011, 0.03314946102591722, -0.03406851632606904, -0.230776327168754, 0.3032615669241286, 0.05086899807966555, 0.31326630316205967, 0.01563348448583787, 0.024812651461989476, 0.018071424954614005, 0.01687431742517364, 0.05706411454786503, -0.17509932038898499, 0.03741024917986422, 0.20186778885815046, 0.01506024409110183, 0.21299655246702548, -0.4209874856674316, -0.2524481782294958, 0.09174369772840661, 0.1651693536731914, 0.1229313401341907, 0.0004206807352602482, -0.2900852870731152, 0.023950168420406464, -0.16717086404265946, -0.12199995359860744, -0.06396888710237694, 0.01237591544153872, 0.058426431648892704, -0.22837852640077472, 0.13416118301576102, 0.10339337787421309, 0.09942017006225243, -0.055444386578010804, -0.08474658103582652, -0.06277826588002607, 0.15252154766094705, 0.03407312148259891, 0.02845283428712791, 0.17846022848816995, -0.1524422765502842, -0.13427584427092779, 0.3680234154229922, -0.005908457554617761, -0.1640352422580823, 0.2333957516458749, -0.1518461227460166, -0.11156196233242849, 0.12346844301121124, 0.14977518333251655, 0.05207320057558796, -0.16105947470263923, 0.03671282108075954, 0.0008966089349659468, 0.18692734039701608, 0.01767003932807422, 0.01624607813458031, 0.25108818899815444, 0.19269573078213248, 0.030229842536990216, 0.16323849709322122, -0.029253394052402473, -0.2018930312702494, -0.19409993578547255, -0.08353139201506035, -0.2123623316435279, 0.051457695852728434, -0.11955650722357793, -0.18591913704306276, 0.3537837135580843, 0.15118395188200404, 0.2217997107408102, 0.0366186189664904, 0.21657651895502988, 0.08142743200843919, 0.06204895395939763, 0.03406854783530217, 0.20476368568615605, 0.14519193627800644, 0.1013289931005126, -0.24624333589257585, 0.14891168763799384, 0.05003602010493216] |
708.1491 | On perfect, amicable, and sociable chains | Let $x = (x_0,...,x_{n-1})$ be an n-chain, i.e., an n-tuple of non-negative
integers $< n$. Consider the operator $s: x \mapsto x' = (x'_0,...,x'_{n-1})$,
where x'_j represents the number of $j$'s appearing among the components of x.
An n-chain x is said to be perfect if $s(x) = x$. For example, (2,1,2,0,0) is a
perfect 5-chain. Analogously to the theory of perfect, amicable, and sociable
numbers, one can define from the operator s the concepts of amicable pair and
sociable group of chains. In this paper we give an exhaustive list of all the
perfect, amicable, and sociable chains.
| math.CO cs.DM math.NT | let x x_0x_n1 be an nchain ie an ntuple of nonnegative integers n consider the operator s x mapsto x x_0x_n1 where x_j represents the number of js appearing among the components of x an nchain x is said to be perfect if sx x for example 21200 is a perfect 5chain analogously to the theory of perfect amicable and sociable numbers one can define from the operator s the concepts of amicable pair and sociable group of chains in this paper we give an exhaustive list of all the perfect amicable and sociable chains | [['let', 'x', 'x_0x_n1', 'be', 'an', 'nchain', 'ie', 'an', 'ntuple', 'of', 'nonnegative', 'integers', 'n', 'consider', 'the', 'operator', 's', 'x', 'mapsto', 'x', 'x_0x_n1', 'where', 'x_j', 'represents', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'js', 'appearing', 'among', 'the', 'components', 'of', 'x', 'an', 'nchain', 'x', 'is', 'said', 'to', 'be', 'perfect', 'if', 'sx', 'x', 'for', 'example', '21200', 'is', 'a', 'perfect', '5chain', 'analogously', 'to', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'perfect', 'amicable', 'and', 'sociable', 'numbers', 'one', 'can', 'define', 'from', 'the', 'operator', 's', 'the', 'concepts', 'of', 'amicable', 'pair', 'and', 'sociable', 'group', 'of', 'chains', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'give', 'an', 'exhaustive', 'list', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'perfect', 'amicable', 'and', 'sociable', 'chains']] | [-0.2291804983409399, 0.1368391765832673, -0.03576832983959863, -0.017213218482558003, -0.04264604602444996, -0.18562535020681295, 0.030447317975910104, 0.3292303160229262, -0.3235807991388472, -0.20481896604550012, 0.01455764999449689, -0.360559465165468, -0.0893309673200302, 0.1248927938632984, -0.07472521909685964, -0.053591001204195174, -0.0023296360382215773, 0.1675347663620685, -0.06382640878214164, -0.26531869781629597, 0.29953867344165896, -0.06856043019549961, 0.17610214129486618, -0.0027373943036976965, 0.14631886763418925, 0.05515333043629343, 0.027311348804629387, 0.001214361226958956, -0.15049092955094703, 0.08124836396916393, 0.30790801240289783, 0.12335031799119996, 0.21309094171738252, -0.3529260871099665, -0.09542233449099784, 0.24488413899621747, 0.1161212586411374, -0.049023261865937806, 0.028479655070151103, -0.2223203033307924, 0.1569860655383425, -0.15186526951320628, -0.11756918836939842, -0.004623657047867458, 0.112932635084825, 0.04995616697805359, -0.3497319074664661, -0.020074919896556975, 0.10382396152163757, 0.06698662414156059, 0.04855174309217391, -0.17953504606130274, -0.0672943545802635, 0.08297006350922141, -0.020708755469890906, 0.1169668438552106, -0.0012476812463570782, -0.050803437157771844, -0.12369890758232709, 0.3578501088802326, -0.04365750264990678, -0.20497744364981005, 0.07802589610714386, -0.11273997955697965, -0.10228082378632686, 0.11540891345530907, 0.06930728229951669, 0.2038743542408214, -0.08098107755203988, 0.17567861344023766, -0.16177839308263772, 0.15861382962952547, 0.06781372179257426, 0.04807344797324944, 0.1714161597489518, 0.06379967938831195, 0.09233882014094444, 0.13712267389154417, 0.004603109991257178, 0.02989634350833899, -0.3393305766772717, -0.21555298105120024, -0.16292329316963738, 0.1875040020714415, -0.0855661841510966, -0.18174988824002286, 0.3061114940990476, 0.06559695185043235, 0.21092566155749273, 0.028439413498532264, 0.17709588006564833, 0.065342804357568, -0.046572677644980236, 0.061635005089672325, 0.036226991846404495, 0.20200894391560492, -0.03879261436002785, -0.12467813929493361, 0.011815113768457099, 0.13810664691783964] |
708.1492 | Observed Properties of Dark Matter on Small Spatial Scales | The nature of dark matter is one of the outstanding questions of
astrophysics. The internal motions of member stars reveal that the lowest
luminosity galaxies in the Local Group are the most dark-matter dominated. New
large datasets allow one to go further, and determine systematic properties of
their dark matter haloes. We summarise recent results, emphasising the critical
role of the dwarf spheroidal galaxies in understanding both dark matter and
baryonic processes that shape galaxy evolution.
| astro-ph | the nature of dark matter is one of the outstanding questions of astrophysics the internal motions of member stars reveal that the lowest luminosity galaxies in the local group are the most darkmatter dominated new large datasets allow one to go further and determine systematic properties of their dark matter haloes we summarise recent results emphasising the critical role of the dwarf spheroidal galaxies in understanding both dark matter and baryonic processes that shape galaxy evolution | [['the', 'nature', 'of', 'dark', 'matter', 'is', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'outstanding', 'questions', 'of', 'astrophysics', 'the', 'internal', 'motions', 'of', 'member', 'stars', 'reveal', 'that', 'the', 'lowest', 'luminosity', 'galaxies', 'in', 'the', 'local', 'group', 'are', 'the', 'most', 'darkmatter', 'dominated', 'new', 'large', 'datasets', 'allow', 'one', 'to', 'go', 'further', 'and', 'determine', 'systematic', 'properties', 'of', 'their', 'dark', 'matter', 'haloes', 'we', 'summarise', 'recent', 'results', 'emphasising', 'the', 'critical', 'role', 'of', 'the', 'dwarf', 'spheroidal', 'galaxies', 'in', 'understanding', 'both', 'dark', 'matter', 'and', 'baryonic', 'processes', 'that', 'shape', 'galaxy', 'evolution']] | [-0.08990755171122912, 0.11001740993417211, -0.14971070475631246, 0.15579234011697976, -0.16659241541607403, -0.0023089296699158454, -0.038085504098011085, 0.3298574501746579, -0.17583922534035273, -0.3911476772964785, -0.00599381794286034, -0.29536479094531387, -0.046640055450169665, 0.1950053608253304, 0.029264525602277564, -0.006800195317114948, 0.03477300195587113, -0.05990689488642506, -0.01928775019232968, -0.32361000598173534, 0.3744294687088481, 0.047854508579659616, 0.18135258143056968, -0.03141743716428449, 0.04865049920657551, -0.09188520238814435, -0.14227490714371302, -0.08731286531608355, -0.19546219266703702, 0.05629956667115422, 0.22572820050347792, 0.12212135325382023, 0.24938099480564951, -0.4273650945948535, -0.20808123164859257, 0.14260418443499426, 0.1939178800201166, 0.06795574961659823, -0.1424169670453442, -0.29679420889404257, 0.059608768616606925, -0.1608697348641918, -0.1773118828913491, -0.02043337357769671, 0.02478260461142973, 0.032237500319943616, -0.10195826887961869, 0.17807174503564296, 0.054564455805934574, -0.01967483442766886, -0.08916197557578255, -0.14886341198335254, -0.04172211659974173, 0.1081987764429007, 0.0756550805021298, -0.013362647156770291, 0.27030538405463295, -0.28401582414823534, -0.04992919007169181, 0.48081000992342043, -0.05087956381459279, -0.02170802140914786, 0.23398891593770763, -0.2179419164741902, -0.23040222993586212, 0.06407016956271898, 0.1706340499589906, 0.06675489491930134, -0.1426302223025184, 0.0852672333054024, -0.02469055584974979, 0.1687798575976079, -0.013690548281087294, 0.0948876614552558, 0.38976325203149925, 0.18137832125648856, 0.04840134329309589, -0.0022173290919071356, -0.11567904497496784, -0.051002896623685956, -0.27133483023039606, -0.14856557738599613, -0.12716201085009074, 0.00028410113392103657, -0.11458566267691295, -0.10382643025245909, 0.3847553593437432, 0.11887671267246142, 0.20923322414685236, -0.01724024310610012, 0.2770560915630899, 0.019600351868001253, 0.045400843290783664, 0.09130288191801428, 0.3271329953874412, 0.21219097737124876, 0.03616445034889406, -0.29004708756570163, 0.00877501142339928, -0.03233210218528065] |
708.1493 | From chiral vibration to static chirality in ^{135}Nd | Electromagnetic transition probabilities have been measured for the intra-
and inter-band transitions in the two sequences in the nucleus ^{135}Nd that
were previously identified as a composite chiral pair of rotational bands. The
measurements are in good agreement with results of a new combination of TAC and
RPA calculations. The chiral character of the bands is affirmed and it is shown
that their behavior is associated with a transition from a vibrational into a
static chiral regime.
| nucl-ex nucl-th | electromagnetic transition probabilities have been measured for the intra and interband transitions in the two sequences in the nucleus 135nd that were previously identified as a composite chiral pair of rotational bands the measurements are in good agreement with results of a new combination of tac and rpa calculations the chiral character of the bands is affirmed and it is shown that their behavior is associated with a transition from a vibrational into a static chiral regime | [['electromagnetic', 'transition', 'probabilities', 'have', 'been', 'measured', 'for', 'the', 'intra', 'and', 'interband', 'transitions', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'sequences', 'in', 'the', 'nucleus', '135nd', 'that', 'were', 'previously', 'identified', 'as', 'a', 'composite', 'chiral', 'pair', 'of', 'rotational', 'bands', 'the', 'measurements', 'are', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'results', 'of', 'a', 'new', 'combination', 'of', 'tac', 'and', 'rpa', 'calculations', 'the', 'chiral', 'character', 'of', 'the', 'bands', 'is', 'affirmed', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'their', 'behavior', 'is', 'associated', 'with', 'a', 'transition', 'from', 'a', 'vibrational', 'into', 'a', 'static', 'chiral', 'regime']] | [-0.11827228495799079, 0.1791990241495353, -0.08604286560837768, 0.0433243406847683, -0.0006740492014949652, -0.10400763737331879, 0.05832294710470658, 0.43591861573881224, -0.1868243047011722, -0.2614475738588034, 0.0238500479624092, -0.3405891075289171, -0.14802294128304838, 0.13819582386273205, 0.0671869323000704, 0.03613354360047532, -0.001171211834604803, 0.03365173014371019, -0.08015601309383974, -0.11748873824131136, 0.28218583506532013, 0.0036825714571597544, 0.3008729441238469, 0.06966845075591041, 0.03513302595207566, -0.02857893341416983, 0.03331649276476942, 0.031209530112774747, -0.09209678130393609, 0.06619506165091145, 0.24772690689975493, -0.033011652192247935, 0.19467507006821075, -0.38053383298316285, -0.21921765265104018, 0.020365883749419528, 0.11471879928323783, 0.14922889606034578, -0.05246542185226357, -0.3110514925547728, 0.07462145156521154, -0.1691983501598435, -0.0958682586144852, -0.09896930432449536, 0.027614944540944538, 0.03647174548639573, -0.28142136975044485, 0.08343371378233362, 0.029408903155279786, 0.06260795374376023, -0.11956533621138844, -0.1387964207311406, -0.06787457859976903, 0.1465001772862467, 0.07233435516306934, 0.05170530833205894, 0.07732023690876208, -0.13209720719666956, -0.14415630884468555, 0.4254195430365048, -0.060805445818818714, -0.11072572870915265, 0.1908886632146804, -0.15487165278510043, -0.1222957665112948, 0.21133010155263995, 0.09345086813463192, 0.0855730758048594, -0.1372209063020388, 0.04279280472071964, -0.04730127337633779, 0.14361565434649637, 0.035911629993566556, 0.07552254862237437, 0.2238408478320037, 0.1423074558705067, -0.04859896400318432, 0.11591038049204815, -0.11751628760937724, -0.08902407753722448, -0.2788125009913194, -0.118909926533601, -0.2209394359961152, -0.01632082582402386, -0.010153477932602217, -0.15218689561152132, 0.4044306033143872, 0.049193923361599445, 0.22211388432371773, 0.004020873310142442, 0.2436954651738664, 0.12813057733001187, 0.07156405853349593, -0.008772968394240658, 0.3375680783371392, 0.17477860535482728, 0.04797945539221952, -0.2540238703092511, 0.046562845083443744, 0.034046924380450753] |
708.1494 | A new non-perturbative time-dependent string configuration | A time-dependent bosonic string configuration is discussed, in graviton and
dilaton backgrounds, leading to Weyl-symmetry beta-functions which are
homogeneous in X^0, to any order in alpha'. As a consequence, a string
reparametrization can always be implemented, such that beta functions can be
cancelled, to any order in alpha'. This non-perturbative conformal invariance
is valid for any target space dimension, and leads to a power law expanding
Universe, for which the power vanishes if a specific relation between the
dimension and dilaton amplitude holds. Finally, D=4 is the minimum dimension
(in the case of a spherical world sheet) for which this configuration is
consistent with a Wick rotation in a Minkowski target space.
| hep-th gr-qc hep-ph | a timedependent bosonic string configuration is discussed in graviton and dilaton backgrounds leading to weylsymmetry betafunctions which are homogeneous in x0 to any order in alpha as a consequence a string reparametrization can always be implemented such that beta functions can be cancelled to any order in alpha this nonperturbative conformal invariance is valid for any target space dimension and leads to a power law expanding universe for which the power vanishes if a specific relation between the dimension and dilaton amplitude holds finally d4 is the minimum dimension in the case of a spherical world sheet for which this configuration is consistent with a wick rotation in a minkowski target space | [['a', 'timedependent', 'bosonic', 'string', 'configuration', 'is', 'discussed', 'in', 'graviton', 'and', 'dilaton', 'backgrounds', 'leading', 'to', 'weylsymmetry', 'betafunctions', 'which', 'are', 'homogeneous', 'in', 'x0', 'to', 'any', 'order', 'in', 'alpha', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'a', 'string', 'reparametrization', 'can', 'always', 'be', 'implemented', 'such', 'that', 'beta', 'functions', 'can', 'be', 'cancelled', 'to', 'any', 'order', 'in', 'alpha', 'this', 'nonperturbative', 'conformal', 'invariance', 'is', 'valid', 'for', 'any', 'target', 'space', 'dimension', 'and', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'expanding', 'universe', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'power', 'vanishes', 'if', 'a', 'specific', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'dimension', 'and', 'dilaton', 'amplitude', 'holds', 'finally', 'd4', 'is', 'the', 'minimum', 'dimension', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'spherical', 'world', 'sheet', 'for', 'which', 'this', 'configuration', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'a', 'wick', 'rotation', 'in', 'a', 'minkowski', 'target', 'space']] | [-0.14257628188745394, 0.20337893355738473, -0.07669323332490283, 0.09807124158980006, -0.09589967657266571, -0.1581434801992801, -0.0015813460697310868, 0.33645237303288605, -0.20203937474336173, -0.20944089541496994, 0.07176703494251915, -0.2442690507836036, -0.12756156854264372, 0.15889913585406165, -0.05047371317601033, 0.02303392091883464, -0.04606457818970756, 0.10152503054983376, -0.09649243065798949, -0.24917405091335174, 0.33283011432367937, 0.042443417507718816, 0.2386649297130806, 0.014892834163195378, 0.10168489265918464, -0.026720818827507663, 0.04223618673701846, 0.06453984826415156, -0.11112075610337244, 0.06341704544412005, 0.24399218415455506, 0.07835039863706911, 0.16637863449936918, -0.34616405459808874, -0.22341676079877862, 0.14385412377515086, 0.16509846129312036, 0.12708887236619154, -0.011445495205604145, -0.23328777357961075, 0.09288958877929158, -0.15810658324610544, -0.2075071354388251, -0.09503848617476923, 0.06832585114616531, -0.07311516889026975, -0.33661938816317366, 0.07718064548313483, 0.05920329944205445, -0.003856661301609632, -0.05521919567825961, -0.01641622313868825, -0.04403348433625725, 0.10141311007287554, 0.09826330396741091, 0.1281379929886342, 0.11270276881200639, -0.15014469521623608, -0.0953870275905272, 0.3995626364196944, -0.0809821152670502, -0.27418328362710037, 0.10348651510755624, -0.189684414908894, -0.12917372372907562, 0.11176511543375012, 0.11514391886859059, 0.10810452963621198, -0.12915468236918118, 0.22391379430632083, -0.001698857206884805, 0.19580742470114618, 0.137849699357642, 0.011464957700809464, 0.21969022877044506, 0.09251993206572963, 0.09742888079133925, 0.14459942004890894, -0.02258782344660512, -0.08451456321638837, -0.4238281770030389, -0.16830515675246716, -0.15331950176272308, 0.12557255140262413, -0.16383887462484176, -0.18329802890484398, 0.3208068556378822, 0.05590974332645183, 0.18639537497415198, 0.05011874702780063, 0.25836948558965045, 0.14385472167480468, 0.08258607616304076, 0.09380933132257548, 0.22561353913231477, 0.10167880667591686, 0.08124188710788584, -0.19183518828169718, -0.02854152764235665, 0.11782788753568253] |
708.1495 | Preliminary Results from MINOS on Muon Neutrino Disappearance Based on
an Exposure of 2.5x10^20 120 GeV Protons on the NuMI Target | Updating our previous measurements with new data and analysis modifications,
we report preliminary results on the energy-dependent deficit of muon neutrinos
from the Fermilab NuMI beam as observed with the MINOS Far Detector located 735
km away in the Soudan Underground Laboratory. From an exposure of 2.50x10^20
protons on target, we observe 563 charged-current nu_mu interaction candidates
in the Far Detector, where 738+/-30 events are expected in the absence of
neutrino oscillations. We have analyzed these data assuming two-flavor nu_mu to
nu_tau oscillations. From a simultaneous fit to the reconstructed nu_mu energy
spectra obtained during two running periods we obtain the neutrino squared-mass
difference Delta m_{32}^2 = (2.38 +0.20/-0.16) x 10^-3 eV^2/c^4 with errors at
68% confidence level (CL), and mixing angle sin^2(2 theta_23) > 0.84 at 90% CL.
The uncertainties and confidence intervals include both statistical and
systematic errors. All results and plots presented here are preliminary.
| hep-ex hep-ph | updating our previous measurements with new data and analysis modifications we report preliminary results on the energydependent deficit of muon neutrinos from the fermilab numi beam as observed with the minos far detector located 735 km away in the soudan underground laboratory from an exposure of 250x1020 protons on target we observe 563 chargedcurrent nu_mu interaction candidates in the far detector where 73830 events are expected in the absence of neutrino oscillations we have analyzed these data assuming twoflavor nu_mu to nu_tau oscillations from a simultaneous fit to the reconstructed nu_mu energy spectra obtained during two running periods we obtain the neutrino squaredmass difference delta m_322 238 020016 x 103 ev2c4 with errors at 68 confidence level cl and mixing angle sin22 theta_23 084 at 90 cl the uncertainties and confidence intervals include both statistical and systematic errors all results and plots presented here are preliminary | [['updating', 'our', 'previous', 'measurements', 'with', 'new', 'data', 'and', 'analysis', 'modifications', 'we', 'report', 'preliminary', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'energydependent', 'deficit', 'of', 'muon', 'neutrinos', 'from', 'the', 'fermilab', 'numi', 'beam', 'as', 'observed', 'with', 'the', 'minos', 'far', 'detector', 'located', '735', 'km', 'away', 'in', 'the', 'soudan', 'underground', 'laboratory', 'from', 'an', 'exposure', 'of', '250x1020', 'protons', 'on', 'target', 'we', 'observe', '563', 'chargedcurrent', 'nu_mu', 'interaction', 'candidates', 'in', 'the', 'far', 'detector', 'where', '73830', 'events', 'are', 'expected', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'neutrino', 'oscillations', 'we', 'have', 'analyzed', 'these', 'data', 'assuming', 'twoflavor', 'nu_mu', 'to', 'nu_tau', 'oscillations', 'from', 'a', 'simultaneous', 'fit', 'to', 'the', 'reconstructed', 'nu_mu', 'energy', 'spectra', 'obtained', 'during', 'two', 'running', 'periods', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'neutrino', 'squaredmass', 'difference', 'delta', 'm_322', '238', '020016', 'x', '103', 'ev2c4', 'with', 'errors', 'at', '68', 'confidence', 'level', 'cl', 'and', 'mixing', 'angle', 'sin22', 'theta_23', '084', 'at', '90', 'cl', 'the', 'uncertainties', 'and', 'confidence', 'intervals', 'include', 'both', 'statistical', 'and', 'systematic', 'errors', 'all', 'results', 'and', 'plots', 'presented', 'here', 'are', 'preliminary']] | [-0.07645026207868974, 0.22803120459098178, 0.0054088839870337, 0.1438991027148245, -0.005291645223001292, -0.10394502128637233, 0.15581836641466545, 0.3490552813379693, -0.1457965059655269, -0.379256350698171, 0.03149467985181568, -0.4376531123369688, 0.035779166598706606, 0.19337361905450276, 0.03120955499703182, 0.042809068378373664, 0.15091674775739974, -0.03603083108245701, -0.11060045339603472, -0.1840277255180624, 0.1643812092398847, 0.14457104048346514, 0.26284578370607714, 0.051785546426589675, 0.08943351614085462, -0.061247969264412054, -0.08370168241704781, -0.10693859022397262, -0.14966692717422705, -0.03408631679139562, 0.2589581193084099, 0.1123621165980357, 0.07586377141085433, -0.3822592644841521, -0.1023767783218617, 0.12362674125502784, 0.11204031212059977, 0.029435665734190417, -0.029527799130280637, -0.40828060600874044, 0.052252658761482544, -0.16047231465011472, -0.10634439656107159, 0.02915998436250053, -0.04342679264531894, -0.0388085407064902, -0.3080284706987701, 0.1202406343300599, -0.07166810987954406, 0.11513081154545078, -0.03138343914250365, -0.2934689207484464, 0.022353096889540344, 0.05194796666737411, 0.1181923738400732, 0.06712908898354052, 0.13414332239869883, -0.040374992359950616, -0.0789951335547583, 0.34388788539421306, -0.09732614442302318, -0.12223937978538182, 0.0996258307860552, -0.2534380291777474, -0.12572028964490897, 0.18910243863669726, 0.18571187030129993, 0.01842043018033663, -0.21293032989947946, 0.039790013278720546, -0.04213951688611528, 0.18377320189680252, 0.1023324133528696, -0.010157640753118516, 0.20985631665566584, 0.21850056980143895, 0.07209300888226843, -0.06278175584828624, -0.29140947879637247, 0.015008599966295532, -0.4008633407171477, -0.01587158401815833, -0.029971601614904413, 0.06413971623356969, -0.0360387352719973, -0.0547867218442884, 0.38693682231998944, 0.13516718676066272, 0.21501812101113837, 0.02840120876631276, 0.27915278624196155, 0.02062910987907643, -0.01193930685904424, 0.030135482622935743, 0.36192381991581485, 0.0949305093593218, 0.12616913980589464, -0.24348358397528372, 0.028010555140843444, -0.028216697277266767] |
708.1496 | A Light-Based Device for Solving the Hamiltonian Path Problem | In this paper we suggest the use of light for performing useful computations.
Namely, we propose a special device which uses light rays for solving the
Hamiltonian path problem on a directed graph. The device has a graph-like
representation and the light is traversing it following the routes given by the
connections between nodes. In each node the rays are uniquely marked so that
they can be easily identified. At the destination node we will search only for
particular rays that have passed only once through each node. We show that the
proposed device can solve small and medium instances of the problem in
reasonable time.
| cs.AR cs.DC | in this paper we suggest the use of light for performing useful computations namely we propose a special device which uses light rays for solving the hamiltonian path problem on a directed graph the device has a graphlike representation and the light is traversing it following the routes given by the connections between nodes in each node the rays are uniquely marked so that they can be easily identified at the destination node we will search only for particular rays that have passed only once through each node we show that the proposed device can solve small and medium instances of the problem in reasonable time | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'suggest', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'light', 'for', 'performing', 'useful', 'computations', 'namely', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'special', 'device', 'which', 'uses', 'light', 'rays', 'for', 'solving', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'path', 'problem', 'on', 'a', 'directed', 'graph', 'the', 'device', 'has', 'a', 'graphlike', 'representation', 'and', 'the', 'light', 'is', 'traversing', 'it', 'following', 'the', 'routes', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'connections', 'between', 'nodes', 'in', 'each', 'node', 'the', 'rays', 'are', 'uniquely', 'marked', 'so', 'that', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'easily', 'identified', 'at', 'the', 'destination', 'node', 'we', 'will', 'search', 'only', 'for', 'particular', 'rays', 'that', 'have', 'passed', 'only', 'once', 'through', 'each', 'node', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'proposed', 'device', 'can', 'solve', 'small', 'and', 'medium', 'instances', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'in', 'reasonable', 'time']] | [-0.1465316613178419, 0.12489658716257732, -0.0994658436503191, 0.02064794651671963, -0.10685726577626928, -0.17786620357425287, 0.10279380339131919, 0.44111871142116077, -0.3213351735107179, -0.30596839576819035, 0.06413144285610509, -0.29274319841763674, -0.1745071330740345, 0.19088426674935827, -0.05931176635313709, 0.03128522573003791, 0.14108244653896623, 0.07561943260074225, -0.0022878551950133493, -0.2260336745675886, 0.31121675160555345, 0.05899655243232495, 0.2114598739821956, 0.07505188810518, 0.147986901629681, 0.0422954531869728, -0.0009025506200796028, 0.05189419071682079, -0.06321581782884884, 0.083560460262475, 0.2546624425306635, 0.16064960407181028, 0.23997056315530021, -0.4538626508295255, -0.24535537980286018, 0.14920903112133085, 0.16743005157386848, 0.11838684447509465, -0.054845022139763284, -0.2630138241439917, 0.13209082560673058, -0.11435374064493994, -0.08490941979656576, -0.006558901678665348, -0.013217308786961268, 0.03553090499656907, -0.202769767695089, -0.041000524443521535, -0.006841857377813145, -0.025641332723130034, -0.008719882651074033, -0.05895950808629112, -0.003927192123571657, 0.14632654411911541, 0.004260391198943769, 0.042748584829376275, 0.09580659735859987, -0.10225769770024169, -0.11684648879751, 0.40335635289128097, 0.006688466975421486, -0.19565052074766806, 0.14494837220661552, -0.09584429200721097, -0.1658646094410698, 0.1129888960935685, 0.19651778636034578, 0.14083868198377905, -0.1828750129525532, 0.0543346074925964, -0.0772090233128764, 0.12335466119276255, 0.08165826043553369, -0.0017648012737550263, 0.21045879335429593, 0.16266508460844392, 0.10548914457398977, 0.13560945732092908, -0.09437748419015475, -0.03449084476638093, -0.29963825107112807, -0.17051533161978819, -0.22259170753565036, 0.01041028763712296, -0.10753127997977228, -0.08802963766040948, 0.44306556012411163, 0.16378832828991538, 0.2010012285669668, 0.02384131276905361, 0.2930700328763364, 0.12417301355492112, 0.061547524733403, 0.169523249736126, 0.22767850044974178, 0.05647764864755478, 0.09161539724588676, -0.1511829346918088, 0.10581226856008454, 0.048988284811131516] |
708.1497 | Information Rate Loss due to Radiation Decoherence | The information rates achievable by using electromagnetic radiation affected
by thermal noise and signal decoherence are studied. The standard coherent
Gaussian model is compared with an alternative photon gas model which
represents lack of a shared phase reference between transmitter and receiver.
At any frequency, information rates over the photon gas model essentially
coincide with those over the Gaussian model when the signal-to-noise ratio is
below a threshold. Only above the threshold does decoherence cause a loss in
information rates; the loss can amount to half of the capacity. The threshold
exceeds 40 dB for radio frequencies and vanishes at optical frequencies.
| quant-ph | the information rates achievable by using electromagnetic radiation affected by thermal noise and signal decoherence are studied the standard coherent gaussian model is compared with an alternative photon gas model which represents lack of a shared phase reference between transmitter and receiver at any frequency information rates over the photon gas model essentially coincide with those over the gaussian model when the signaltonoise ratio is below a threshold only above the threshold does decoherence cause a loss in information rates the loss can amount to half of the capacity the threshold exceeds 40 db for radio frequencies and vanishes at optical frequencies | [['the', 'information', 'rates', 'achievable', 'by', 'using', 'electromagnetic', 'radiation', 'affected', 'by', 'thermal', 'noise', 'and', 'signal', 'decoherence', 'are', 'studied', 'the', 'standard', 'coherent', 'gaussian', 'model', 'is', 'compared', 'with', 'an', 'alternative', 'photon', 'gas', 'model', 'which', 'represents', 'lack', 'of', 'a', 'shared', 'phase', 'reference', 'between', 'transmitter', 'and', 'receiver', 'at', 'any', 'frequency', 'information', 'rates', 'over', 'the', 'photon', 'gas', 'model', 'essentially', 'coincide', 'with', 'those', 'over', 'the', 'gaussian', 'model', 'when', 'the', 'signaltonoise', 'ratio', 'is', 'below', 'a', 'threshold', 'only', 'above', 'the', 'threshold', 'does', 'decoherence', 'cause', 'a', 'loss', 'in', 'information', 'rates', 'the', 'loss', 'can', 'amount', 'to', 'half', 'of', 'the', 'capacity', 'the', 'threshold', 'exceeds', '40', 'db', 'for', 'radio', 'frequencies', 'and', 'vanishes', 'at', 'optical', 'frequencies']] | [-0.136336165600155, 0.16799563716074986, -0.007023312653615779, 0.06550502037291653, -0.007174474661987202, -0.1812178769854226, 0.13150803633399455, 0.40727136901342403, -0.24897645706511742, -0.294522163257295, 0.0770471850718262, -0.29666591208318577, -0.04596401582353329, 0.2212302168516223, -0.04434124971557336, 0.0319262913829994, 0.0236467786872869, 0.09429322500877521, -0.0520082679029335, -0.1868535751561342, 0.2740453408560807, 0.17132510179562457, 0.33718170677585635, 0.03570588396898672, 0.121217729003333, -0.015263314742375822, -0.012828151248030219, -0.07589611574532647, -0.08700880076617513, -0.0015719528492613166, 0.2378717772548507, 0.0965742533318881, 0.24229157872169332, -0.34432799989978474, -0.2705610813755615, 0.14834652113609528, 0.10290111908512235, 0.13468309901951464, 0.013087023268727696, -0.228960148692268, 0.05528582116661995, -0.18933039507828653, -0.07889296089792076, 0.04718070343940282, -0.054322373058062555, 0.008805195517911046, -0.3074725622347757, 0.1598028452409541, 0.04871522328432869, 0.04449540304987892, -0.038508829619625914, -0.11236485460882678, -0.015214527466370925, 0.09681999388261579, -0.02335076349760022, 0.03435575026749432, 0.20153569995754345, -0.1637035083372657, -0.0741326291725843, 0.32849468123487324, -0.11512505137772464, -0.17396705192239845, 0.16199906884382168, -0.17959335114916458, 0.022627971858680977, 0.25673481659488934, 0.138673478134853, 0.02603057774203811, -0.1530036938020916, 0.015050179358713292, 0.043015765610571, 0.24250870329263968, 0.12739373019476438, 0.15219521898246718, 0.21854806556275078, 0.12728969105199783, 0.033416284681936984, 0.14331813144506703, -0.15540377713064207, -0.09991011523879041, -0.26840337371344075, -0.05574952320688788, -0.20035854848352827, 0.059970868337105084, -0.09868491110540287, -0.05245606099967571, 0.3383654798107112, 0.13060832775070094, 0.17776968236556093, 0.07492438792456489, 0.39437929566894825, 0.16199470454297377, 0.06812072758489818, 0.11041575287669605, 0.2940594693828447, 0.1433607267407591, 0.07102150850993234, -0.21349436406721817, 0.09172089924743655, -0.0397481875352598] |
708.1498 | Optimizing Optical Quantum Logic Gates using Genetic Algorithms | We introduce the method of using an annealing genetic algorithm to the
numerically complex problem of looking for quantum logic gates which
simultaneously have highest fidelity and highest success probability. We first
use the linear optical quantum nonlinear sign (NS) gate as an example to
illustrate the efficiency of this method. We show that by appropriately
choosing the annealing parameters, we can reach the theoretical maximum success
probability (1/4 for NS) for each attempt. We then examine the controlled-z
(CZ) gate as the first new problem to be solved. We show results that agree
with the highest known maximum success probability for a CZ gate (2/27) while
maintaining a fidelity of 0.9997. Since the purpose of our algorithm is to
optimize a unitary matrix for quantum transformations, it could easily be
applied to other areas of interest such as quantum optics and quantum sensors.
| quant-ph | we introduce the method of using an annealing genetic algorithm to the numerically complex problem of looking for quantum logic gates which simultaneously have highest fidelity and highest success probability we first use the linear optical quantum nonlinear sign ns gate as an example to illustrate the efficiency of this method we show that by appropriately choosing the annealing parameters we can reach the theoretical maximum success probability 14 for ns for each attempt we then examine the controlledz cz gate as the first new problem to be solved we show results that agree with the highest known maximum success probability for a cz gate 227 while maintaining a fidelity of 09997 since the purpose of our algorithm is to optimize a unitary matrix for quantum transformations it could easily be applied to other areas of interest such as quantum optics and quantum sensors | [['we', 'introduce', 'the', 'method', 'of', 'using', 'an', 'annealing', 'genetic', 'algorithm', 'to', 'the', 'numerically', 'complex', 'problem', 'of', 'looking', 'for', 'quantum', 'logic', 'gates', 'which', 'simultaneously', 'have', 'highest', 'fidelity', 'and', 'highest', 'success', 'probability', 'we', 'first', 'use', 'the', 'linear', 'optical', 'quantum', 'nonlinear', 'sign', 'ns', 'gate', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'to', 'illustrate', 'the', 'efficiency', 'of', 'this', 'method', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'by', 'appropriately', 'choosing', 'the', 'annealing', 'parameters', 'we', 'can', 'reach', 'the', 'theoretical', 'maximum', 'success', 'probability', '14', 'for', 'ns', 'for', 'each', 'attempt', 'we', 'then', 'examine', 'the', 'controlledz', 'cz', 'gate', 'as', 'the', 'first', 'new', 'problem', 'to', 'be', 'solved', 'we', 'show', 'results', 'that', 'agree', 'with', 'the', 'highest', 'known', 'maximum', 'success', 'probability', 'for', 'a', 'cz', 'gate', '227', 'while', 'maintaining', 'a', 'fidelity', 'of', '09997', 'since', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'our', 'algorithm', 'is', 'to', 'optimize', 'a', 'unitary', 'matrix', 'for', 'quantum', 'transformations', 'it', 'could', 'easily', 'be', 'applied', 'to', 'other', 'areas', 'of', 'interest', 'such', 'as', 'quantum', 'optics', 'and', 'quantum', 'sensors']] | [-0.058909610628486715, 0.10402480702860986, -0.047445377968769104, 0.03401168294335043, -0.027062154552873433, -0.1893573298099606, 0.09793930669062927, 0.4344712955515004, -0.27899386356067324, -0.33712096194115776, 0.09042825949533533, -0.20506859026500024, -0.1691281298861011, 0.2592514501561204, -0.07835150154035848, 0.14904815846239217, 0.04778891112154168, 0.04615211140480824, -0.09933528579616298, -0.32168596272984157, 0.23014696857555667, 0.0717936433300363, 0.2643307280377485, 0.028311905088129505, 0.1381641862648798, -0.00091990240293348, 0.07182228491809736, 0.0016785602201707661, -0.10130476421636558, 0.08903402863911146, 0.2863907023226299, 0.1643213458592072, 0.2789307106092262, -0.4004349966611092, -0.16607942177344942, 0.08105744162215463, 0.10817732510460903, 0.16743384041264006, -0.04622999089770019, -0.2694208041971756, 0.10897886075933154, -0.174694423421493, -0.08820388663864126, -0.09591512475971184, -0.005103720824182447, 0.000541576528323478, -0.267166786639589, 0.03036904840781871, 0.02078439248402396, 0.01640193567921718, 0.0035175822591150385, -0.09511277654867929, 0.042776359857978404, 0.13496201709494926, -0.06220019282934825, 0.03836029716411657, 0.14113039591918802, -0.12596364222473413, -0.17880491274991073, 0.3332583860351911, -0.05846887829506563, -0.16988595258509223, 0.133234190612307, -0.09378215992668022, -0.1110568851791969, 0.0635388011934184, 0.14607541994903134, 0.129441451604685, -0.1331429834471136, 0.054347150240371574, 0.010030582121948505, 0.18344173387676063, 0.06657079744521373, 0.034427909872546375, 0.18110232982144225, 0.13849756927488166, 0.09629492219957886, 0.17523198639011955, -0.10535804204280591, -0.09964764735842538, -0.28499154187738895, -0.22177056979530285, -0.22675339328189795, 0.06388040605492683, -0.07605880220439253, -0.10786178718424505, 0.4165693075434926, 0.18848366830692007, 0.20151922091220817, 0.06431296286448035, 0.26816695599296103, 0.17598867337639806, 0.05654927369646935, 0.05999185790036184, 0.22033510556341046, 0.1469209290565535, 0.03447950397417622, -0.2688948415064563, 0.0645273865512637, 0.02684725439919728] |
708.1499 | Transport processes in stars: diffusion, rotation, magnetic fields and
internal waves | In this paper, I explore various transport processes that have a large impact
of the distribution of elements inside stars and thus, on stellar evolution. A
heuristic description of the physics behind equations is provided, and key
references are given. Finally, for each process, I will briefly review (some)
important results as well as discuss directions for future work.
| astro-ph | in this paper i explore various transport processes that have a large impact of the distribution of elements inside stars and thus on stellar evolution a heuristic description of the physics behind equations is provided and key references are given finally for each process i will briefly review some important results as well as discuss directions for future work | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'i', 'explore', 'various', 'transport', 'processes', 'that', 'have', 'a', 'large', 'impact', 'of', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'elements', 'inside', 'stars', 'and', 'thus', 'on', 'stellar', 'evolution', 'a', 'heuristic', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'physics', 'behind', 'equations', 'is', 'provided', 'and', 'key', 'references', 'are', 'given', 'finally', 'for', 'each', 'process', 'i', 'will', 'briefly', 'review', 'some', 'important', 'results', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'discuss', 'directions', 'for', 'future', 'work']] | [-0.05421634204685688, 0.1332323294748568, -0.056065578013658524, 0.07862569737141203, -0.08983016733900975, -0.08532586322813215, 0.019216091468756608, 0.36513573499554297, -0.2403311203786377, -0.2866288352741907, 0.14149397195482594, -0.26763354714612586, -0.17315256753462857, 0.2173041009533582, -0.045320904659801875, 0.020765898591381008, 0.0816586136312808, -0.01270072061126515, -0.044303921236798674, -0.2301400180716636, 0.37600167240884347, 0.09987335931509733, 0.204964167012249, 0.09620332983085665, 0.08103783857235211, -0.02599685220837088, -0.10890049037476213, 0.012150773683847007, -0.18232187695450533, 0.09062096242934971, 0.2547142972254147, 0.19483685015969104, 0.28544757995059933, -0.43450382178238894, -0.21902246849011567, 0.004438367119785082, 0.2076972095508886, 0.1288906416176992, -0.13043351646047086, -0.21127864049147752, 0.06804972865235975, -0.16317047375664748, -0.15896174126951876, -0.07274450716104801, 0.0837642444392382, 0.11241765552342443, -0.19439085032317346, -0.008864701084271705, 0.08358454448762902, 0.0643107910182769, -0.06549598645789832, -0.18619805390914998, 0.04704605019454039, 0.1411466810583942, 0.05426398708072681, -0.002491681086751869, 0.11899896831078044, -0.15533700958288954, -0.1263499488833092, 0.4330796581708779, -0.038959337869003983, -0.16892915073845347, 0.1805695695486867, -0.1411814181670799, -0.1827609788200234, -0.008165195607974872, 0.22551335590118068, 0.1060295505607027, -0.18228434149365305, 0.051838733964220826, -0.011213303819867008, 0.06471406523990682, 0.017038410063833, 0.08976578666883821, 0.25653372784697653, 0.20084338376330116, 0.017510943387051003, 0.07902362887842297, -0.08332780585229649, -0.09175028669711013, -0.4088473710373549, -0.20193028541565952, -0.11393109176276346, 0.03872726675738596, -0.046433948690241394, -0.11372079757058014, 0.40606276863807084, 0.2247133348847471, 0.23456466845157792, -0.0138201080696752, 0.275474446936179, 0.07743600890498166, -0.008983002438888712, 0.0630084060811264, 0.20542798774816112, 0.1233946472974652, 0.106266209216378, -0.17057104870456002, 0.10333390220589304, 0.020879256128633426] |
708.15 | The reverse engineering problem with probabilities and sequential
behavior: Probabilistic Sequential Networks | The reverse engineering problem with probabilities and sequential behavior is
introducing here, using the expression of an algorithm. The solution is
partially founded, because we solve the problem only if we have a Probabilistic
Sequential Network. Therefore the probabilistic structure on sequential
dynamical systems is introduced here, the new model will be called
Probabilistic Sequential Network, PSN. The morphisms of Probabilistic
Sequential Networks are defined using two algebraic conditions, whose imply
that the distribution of probabilities in the systems are close. It is proved
here that two homomorphic Probabilistic Sequential Networks have the same
equilibrium or steady state probabilities. Additionally, the proof of the set
of PSN with its morphisms form the category PSN, having the category of
sequential dynamical systems SDS, as a full subcategory is given. Several
examples of morphisms, subsystems and simulations are given.
| math.DS math.CT | the reverse engineering problem with probabilities and sequential behavior is introducing here using the expression of an algorithm the solution is partially founded because we solve the problem only if we have a probabilistic sequential network therefore the probabilistic structure on sequential dynamical systems is introduced here the new model will be called probabilistic sequential network psn the morphisms of probabilistic sequential networks are defined using two algebraic conditions whose imply that the distribution of probabilities in the systems are close it is proved here that two homomorphic probabilistic sequential networks have the same equilibrium or steady state probabilities additionally the proof of the set of psn with its morphisms form the category psn having the category of sequential dynamical systems sds as a full subcategory is given several examples of morphisms subsystems and simulations are given | [['the', 'reverse', 'engineering', 'problem', 'with', 'probabilities', 'and', 'sequential', 'behavior', 'is', 'introducing', 'here', 'using', 'the', 'expression', 'of', 'an', 'algorithm', 'the', 'solution', 'is', 'partially', 'founded', 'because', 'we', 'solve', 'the', 'problem', 'only', 'if', 'we', 'have', 'a', 'probabilistic', 'sequential', 'network', 'therefore', 'the', 'probabilistic', 'structure', 'on', 'sequential', 'dynamical', 'systems', 'is', 'introduced', 'here', 'the', 'new', 'model', 'will', 'be', 'called', 'probabilistic', 'sequential', 'network', 'psn', 'the', 'morphisms', 'of', 'probabilistic', 'sequential', 'networks', 'are', 'defined', 'using', 'two', 'algebraic', 'conditions', 'whose', 'imply', 'that', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'probabilities', 'in', 'the', 'systems', 'are', 'close', 'it', 'is', 'proved', 'here', 'that', 'two', 'homomorphic', 'probabilistic', 'sequential', 'networks', 'have', 'the', 'same', 'equilibrium', 'or', 'steady', 'state', 'probabilities', 'additionally', 'the', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'psn', 'with', 'its', 'morphisms', 'form', 'the', 'category', 'psn', 'having', 'the', 'category', 'of', 'sequential', 'dynamical', 'systems', 'sds', 'as', 'a', 'full', 'subcategory', 'is', 'given', 'several', 'examples', 'of', 'morphisms', 'subsystems', 'and', 'simulations', 'are', 'given']] | [-0.12975453600001924, 0.05231014701436243, -0.08776413246200684, 0.09339231641599433, -0.06149005284023056, -0.15547402618949158, 0.04499520251721171, 0.4022381956056848, -0.37733227901677363, -0.23703850932201764, 0.12809793647280113, -0.21409081344078057, -0.17033442029097273, 0.16897184235540075, -0.08885105394071689, 0.05886720856235288, 0.1068733701241087, 0.058826163458726266, -0.04799682640276822, -0.24780048864866425, 0.39726830944826785, 0.005770781624681541, 0.26861355112981133, -0.022114258235741924, 0.13215401845501504, -0.005749017380884964, 0.0046977800296714705, 0.0468908353831048, -0.08524483830014153, 0.10372887793962375, 0.23298390551952877, 0.19764873861287632, 0.26876813358538887, -0.41995754575587974, -0.16707703202323865, 0.15414226571111567, 0.10651455235660728, 0.11882740937268538, -0.011005431793487366, -0.287902636535085, 0.11932274856584242, -0.20370961365759047, -0.03866662576889796, -0.0620370997306313, 0.009552959339135754, 0.04665270577062492, -0.26945579875078746, 0.005392040693656589, 0.09830264461585354, 0.07103864615443196, -0.05748670529251252, -0.07976869928708341, -0.03549732792320369, 0.12329247351616866, -0.050223558389133074, -0.011169926426543372, 0.1015726140305998, -0.10718852589518701, -0.17035760449238774, 0.34930611419471075, 0.005816243046785902, -0.229098865476838, 0.19491799425904768, -0.06938893246688764, -0.16070593857838616, 0.12421043484172628, 0.094709321167354, 0.15451963483797806, -0.18659384467810677, 0.10688983776052584, -0.09725944769915439, 0.14322689635148883, 0.030863102331730355, 0.05271471920593159, 0.17090615109255008, 0.20248204755195737, 0.01990834761574103, 0.15393936085382165, -0.044018898446479965, -0.1416797944392166, -0.2713550223159964, -0.1503141217790272, -0.1591156691034073, 0.04750498367242352, -0.06358347802884354, -0.212855463290084, 0.3536085646895243, 0.13099838465615346, 0.1808510898836773, 0.12466934042894383, 0.2709735923252973, 0.1328752968039909, 0.006895014630837951, 0.05655123075524712, 0.1846195117228012, 0.15534075753199086, 0.04022085582701503, -0.13772520842370542, 0.1582798668061023, 0.11415179816489346] |
708.1501 | Sch'nol's Theorem For Strongly Local Forms | We prove a variant of Sch'nol's theorem in a general setting: for generators
of strongly local Dirichlet forms perturbed by measures. As an application, we
discuss quantum graphs with $\delta$- or Kirchhoff boundary conditions.
| math.SP math.AP | we prove a variant of schnols theorem in a general setting for generators of strongly local dirichlet forms perturbed by measures as an application we discuss quantum graphs with delta or kirchhoff boundary conditions | [['we', 'prove', 'a', 'variant', 'of', 'schnols', 'theorem', 'in', 'a', 'general', 'setting', 'for', 'generators', 'of', 'strongly', 'local', 'dirichlet', 'forms', 'perturbed', 'by', 'measures', 'as', 'an', 'application', 'we', 'discuss', 'quantum', 'graphs', 'with', 'delta', 'or', 'kirchhoff', 'boundary', 'conditions']] | [-0.16743860467139518, 0.09658256533359898, -0.06358670880030276, 0.07433133419941772, -0.0720237262589349, -0.16374863878908483, -0.003666863247582858, 0.3230971023440361, -0.309455931186676, -0.22126118370303602, 0.15497932126957245, -0.26063612856986845, -0.16852555512168416, 0.2066518772097135, -0.13810223084168904, 0.06250702798592322, 0.10115594191081596, 0.08303225561129776, -0.09137130367823622, -0.17194730636071076, 0.4030390851143183, -0.046351574012078345, 0.19207860244381608, 0.0808784545286361, 0.061497658462912747, 0.056558254372441406, 0.018826973370530388, 0.05598435048578364, -0.22392708113925022, 0.0962324522181668, 0.21062847842095475, 0.049065838687855634, 0.29830737457130896, -0.4344434119535215, -0.1863912868130049, 0.14945641461985582, 0.03711797824750344, 0.07086856462851618, -0.026558873666958374, -0.29256477884270926, 0.09932865696310093, -0.12303572328704776, -0.23336630016847543, -0.04821565007847367, -0.025716704513990517, 0.04202060060307496, -0.35573502788037964, 0.09333024394105781, 0.1388197880181851, 0.08062136602221114, -0.0975249863765908, -0.05287987766716855, 0.04113266144342946, 0.014845769436126857, -0.03159628670211091, -0.04752863757312298, 0.06887569382899639, -0.1374532011422244, -0.18427787913065968, 0.34842931953343476, -0.09369047474341863, -0.27775884696959774, 0.1418163976843723, -0.0759314448911358, -0.1973512370534467, -0.05330624437016068, 0.13902111557509864, 0.1806107730124936, -0.13215450208747026, 0.16668250930326228, -0.06962375257827455, 0.08198468708856539, 0.14321658178938157, 0.004039956674784084, 0.11098007627085528, 0.0985422524849348, 0.20687483955231128, 0.2521276768353401, 0.01776589778477721, -0.09110879330811175, -0.34934913883493707, -0.18163625327305813, -0.16967421171086078, 0.11878139452275002, -0.16763227064670486, -0.2569571988036235, 0.3539999813744516, 0.06868765699310285, 0.18577807382539366, 0.0955988492703799, 0.19493577268087503, 0.20335460225275406, -0.003964039327746088, 0.1371925308397322, 0.08202636913593972, 0.19527070727340426, 0.052115663180522846, -0.1196584990530303, 0.017325262200425972, 0.16823900050737642] |
708.1502 | The string/gauge theory correspondence in QCD | Ideas about a duality between gauge fields and strings have been around for
many decades. During the last ten years, these ideas have taken a much more
concrete mathematical form. String descriptions of the strongly coupled
dynamics of semi-realistic gauge theories, exhibiting confinement and chiral
symmetry breaking, are now available. These provide remarkably simple ways to
compute properties of the strongly coupled quark-gluon fluid phase, and also
shed new light on various phenomenological models of hadron fragmentation. We
present a review and highlight some exciting recent developments.
| hep-ph hep-lat hep-th | ideas about a duality between gauge fields and strings have been around for many decades during the last ten years these ideas have taken a much more concrete mathematical form string descriptions of the strongly coupled dynamics of semirealistic gauge theories exhibiting confinement and chiral symmetry breaking are now available these provide remarkably simple ways to compute properties of the strongly coupled quarkgluon fluid phase and also shed new light on various phenomenological models of hadron fragmentation we present a review and highlight some exciting recent developments | [['ideas', 'about', 'a', 'duality', 'between', 'gauge', 'fields', 'and', 'strings', 'have', 'been', 'around', 'for', 'many', 'decades', 'during', 'the', 'last', 'ten', 'years', 'these', 'ideas', 'have', 'taken', 'a', 'much', 'more', 'concrete', 'mathematical', 'form', 'string', 'descriptions', 'of', 'the', 'strongly', 'coupled', 'dynamics', 'of', 'semirealistic', 'gauge', 'theories', 'exhibiting', 'confinement', 'and', 'chiral', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'are', 'now', 'available', 'these', 'provide', 'remarkably', 'simple', 'ways', 'to', 'compute', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'strongly', 'coupled', 'quarkgluon', 'fluid', 'phase', 'and', 'also', 'shed', 'new', 'light', 'on', 'various', 'phenomenological', 'models', 'of', 'hadron', 'fragmentation', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'review', 'and', 'highlight', 'some', 'exciting', 'recent', 'developments']] | [-0.09804036182313944, 0.2306701124849162, -0.13512740948976115, 0.08271363278015934, -0.10830673847304678, -0.16883431758795833, -0.03588909283547994, 0.3681996447708586, -0.20621000603911863, -0.2957780217944548, 0.09188207702165277, -0.26313705913636876, -0.1571924956809815, 0.17930547028094873, 0.014176040791488927, 0.024280898412154323, 0.03789796426774527, -0.013534263292549649, -0.09571313752171225, -0.2968156189609576, 0.2912749176625505, 0.0030865543468416422, 0.27232739395172945, 0.11874289994245801, 0.06517697066261337, -0.033286908496941985, -0.07179287708653458, -0.01211615770134604, -0.17681263848850182, 0.15395611742960996, 0.20466869071999266, 0.09887385433914418, 0.19505816046148539, -0.5301236353557686, -0.281254292497861, 0.03307377111337993, 0.14694856462234782, 0.17085691774799222, -0.11899833671762688, -0.27137914262497903, -0.0011953504651720669, -0.18682057537866392, -0.1445783173114104, -0.1486959611667834, 0.03765712730351022, -0.017665815807279498, -0.15357884973416042, 0.019602842655383458, 0.004336064321459967, 0.09427146480857641, 0.008287750885704126, -0.12987617198270798, 0.006431641018328567, 0.06573777953055741, 0.13503386210864302, 0.051334487488386274, 0.10801757634055384, -0.2156861562592288, -0.15351744454311228, 0.3851058566407568, 0.017135851834526008, -0.11589906618384452, 0.2563927727590861, -0.10091838313416503, -0.21987334362113442, 0.10162391818674474, 0.1968053288907669, 0.11705270784254047, -0.18402506645511965, 0.09849389867546658, -0.041856364735091724, 0.11679719268456744, 0.07930654706433415, 0.10524903084740214, 0.3211979749344889, 0.17182163291493024, -0.05050314801822727, 0.10029000569343695, 0.024873654173430185, -0.18493916216338502, -0.3412426806900693, -0.07560227059855543, -0.052596059365561984, 0.061630860258739484, -0.06094556101584465, -0.11994694725706659, 0.41843170022602655, 0.14331893980417443, 0.1950366505871302, -0.007213093393921167, 0.21213228857658548, 0.046984704564614545, 0.05237474688596424, 0.023507196124343353, 0.285826487923322, 0.2079146383918993, 0.11838279818934014, -0.16872017884803614, -0.0508548360486547, 0.08480330831210675] |
708.1503 | Defensive forecasting for optimal prediction with expert advice | The method of defensive forecasting is applied to the problem of prediction
with expert advice for binary outcomes. It turns out that defensive forecasting
is not only competitive with the Aggregating Algorithm but also handles the
case of "second-guessing" experts, whose advice depends on the learner's
prediction; this paper assumes that the dependence on the learner's prediction
is continuous.
| cs.LG | the method of defensive forecasting is applied to the problem of prediction with expert advice for binary outcomes it turns out that defensive forecasting is not only competitive with the aggregating algorithm but also handles the case of secondguessing experts whose advice depends on the learners prediction this paper assumes that the dependence on the learners prediction is continuous | [['the', 'method', 'of', 'defensive', 'forecasting', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'prediction', 'with', 'expert', 'advice', 'for', 'binary', 'outcomes', 'it', 'turns', 'out', 'that', 'defensive', 'forecasting', 'is', 'not', 'only', 'competitive', 'with', 'the', 'aggregating', 'algorithm', 'but', 'also', 'handles', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'secondguessing', 'experts', 'whose', 'advice', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'learners', 'prediction', 'this', 'paper', 'assumes', 'that', 'the', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'learners', 'prediction', 'is', 'continuous']] | [-0.028073790398875958, 0.06809658953791549, -0.11432914283720712, 0.08848961136416243, -0.15968596145253758, -0.21151139757371154, 0.12210386348807992, 0.3852681107176789, -0.20998640702073945, -0.30828244110633585, 0.1065358994689224, -0.2936545528856845, -0.1521417432512831, 0.2117423038319524, -0.14930589806995, 0.035825181029865455, 0.12645322601471481, 0.12974512850030742, 0.02414882121254401, -0.38191942144827595, 0.29724614084537687, 0.0928514411127002, 0.305565407499671, 0.036028115825470663, 0.1296683343866005, 0.0023221938774503513, -0.053906972801055886, 0.04282403030786021, -0.04318854414003877, 0.11118930069015137, 0.3162183443983567, 0.1977786867365498, 0.39298825942236804, -0.34714332168343764, -0.17989565451340428, 0.13906861064505988, 0.10916646059345582, 0.05678596452745641, 0.023636498853789066, -0.2756194963404941, 0.04829870844420431, -0.15958942199960865, 0.024983973388865204, -0.11144233243700502, -0.014978137959180206, -0.003208130838927524, -0.3720883507811432, 0.026108593916307717, 0.10169094359373738, 0.03549789216626307, -0.08391516229764012, -0.09735541376445828, 0.03156590416770557, 0.19354044914984242, 0.14095075979652205, 0.05460288838868768, 0.13436574845349994, -0.1522138703911533, -0.14334151257985625, 0.37820501140607843, -0.02352923954483764, -0.24792953105322246, 0.17043416794983607, -0.07835795683786273, -0.16078639004162737, 0.06770087958409868, 0.19692437718461814, 0.13296982849915995, -0.09340335919264832, 0.021721531966187316, -0.09356286835953079, 0.22598288837691832, 0.012070566142812884, -0.10498558509099329, 0.1570252849848877, 0.2586964319524323, 0.11230934110213199, 0.09297922950494907, -0.0379853753999261, -0.14293823402439212, -0.25310560926024256, -0.09313179318118713, -0.2067438020202299, 0.005421634687458021, -0.1212147878049391, -0.21791920343670865, 0.40896100229744253, 0.2277323773837295, 0.11432881006200252, 0.1313729565329689, 0.32446903703284674, 0.08459262288143408, 0.036611097736348366, 0.118928233940347, 0.22222283219212088, -0.008972925358805162, 0.07403888265955551, -0.20899820579858175, 0.22725990815248726, 0.053623383419170716] |
708.1504 | Theoretical study of a localized quantum spin reversal by the sequential
injection of spins in a spin quantum dot | This is a theoretical study of the reversal of a localized quantum spin
induced by sequential injection of spins for a spin quantum dot that has a
quantum spin. The system consists of ``electrode/quantum
well(QW)/dot/QW/electrode" junctions, in which the left QW has an energy level
of conduction electrons with only up-spin. We consider a situation in which
up-spin electrons are sequentially injected from the left electrode into the
dot through the QW and an exchange interaction acts between the electrons and
the localized spin. To describe the sequentially injected electrons, we propose
a simple method based on approximate solutions from the time-dependent
Schr$\ddot{\rm o}$dinger equation. Using this method, it is shown that the spin
reversal occurs when the right QW has energy levels of conduction electrons
with only down-spin. In particular, the expression of the reversal time of a
localized spin is derived and the upper and lower limits of the time are
clearly expressed. This expression is expected to be useful for a rough
estimation of the minimum relaxation time of the localized spin to achieve the
reversal. We also obtain analytic expressions for the expectation value of the
localized spin and the electrical current as a function of time. In addition,
we found that a system with the non-magnetic right QW exhibits spin reversal or
non-reversal depending on the exchange interaction.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci quant-ph | this is a theoretical study of the reversal of a localized quantum spin induced by sequential injection of spins for a spin quantum dot that has a quantum spin the system consists of electrodequantum wellqwdotqwelectrode junctions in which the left qw has an energy level of conduction electrons with only upspin we consider a situation in which upspin electrons are sequentially injected from the left electrode into the dot through the qw and an exchange interaction acts between the electrons and the localized spin to describe the sequentially injected electrons we propose a simple method based on approximate solutions from the timedependent schrddotrm odinger equation using this method it is shown that the spin reversal occurs when the right qw has energy levels of conduction electrons with only downspin in particular the expression of the reversal time of a localized spin is derived and the upper and lower limits of the time are clearly expressed this expression is expected to be useful for a rough estimation of the minimum relaxation time of the localized spin to achieve the reversal we also obtain analytic expressions for the expectation value of the localized spin and the electrical current as a function of time in addition we found that a system with the nonmagnetic right qw exhibits spin reversal or nonreversal depending on the exchange interaction | [['this', 'is', 'a', 'theoretical', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'reversal', 'of', 'a', 'localized', 'quantum', 'spin', 'induced', 'by', 'sequential', 'injection', 'of', 'spins', 'for', 'a', 'spin', 'quantum', 'dot', 'that', 'has', 'a', 'quantum', 'spin', 'the', 'system', 'consists', 'of', 'electrodequantum', 'wellqwdotqwelectrode', 'junctions', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'left', 'qw', 'has', 'an', 'energy', 'level', 'of', 'conduction', 'electrons', 'with', 'only', 'upspin', 'we', 'consider', 'a', 'situation', 'in', 'which', 'upspin', 'electrons', 'are', 'sequentially', 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708.1505 | How much is a quantum controller controlled by the controlled system? | We consider unitary transformations on a bipartite system A x B. To what
extent entails the ability to transmit information from A to B the ability to
transfer information in the converse direction? We prove a dimension-dependent
lower bound on the classical channel capacity C(A<--B) in terms of the capacity
C(A-->B) for the case that the bipartite unitary operation consists of
controlled local unitaries on B conditioned on basis states on A. This can be
interpreted as a statement on the strength of the inevitable backaction of a
quantum system on its controller.
If the local operations are given by the regular representation of a finite
group G we have C(A-->B)=log |G| and C(A<--B)=log N where N is the sum over the
degrees of all inequivalent representations. Hence the information deficit
C(A-->B)-C(A<--B) between the forward and the backward capacity depends on the
"non-abelianness" of the control group. For regular representations, the ratio
between backward and forward capacities cannot be smaller than 1/2. The
symmetric group S_n reaches this bound asymptotically. However, for the general
case (without group structure) all bounds must depend on the dimensions since
it is known that the ratio can tend to zero.
| quant-ph | we consider unitary transformations on a bipartite system a x b to what extent entails the ability to transmit information from a to b the ability to transfer information in the converse direction we prove a dimensiondependent lower bound on the classical channel capacity cab in terms of the capacity cab for the case that the bipartite unitary operation consists of controlled local unitaries on b conditioned on basis states on a this can be interpreted as a statement on the strength of the inevitable backaction of a quantum system on its controller if the local operations are given by the regular representation of a finite group g we have cablog g and cablog n where n is the sum over the degrees of all inequivalent representations hence the information deficit cabcab between the forward and the backward capacity depends on the nonabelianness of the control group for regular representations the ratio between backward and forward capacities cannot be smaller than 12 the symmetric group s_n reaches this bound asymptotically however for the general case without group structure all bounds must depend on the dimensions since it is known that the ratio can tend to zero | [['we', 'consider', 'unitary', 'transformations', 'on', 'a', 'bipartite', 'system', 'a', 'x', 'b', 'to', 'what', 'extent', 'entails', 'the', 'ability', 'to', 'transmit', 'information', 'from', 'a', 'to', 'b', 'the', 'ability', 'to', 'transfer', 'information', 'in', 'the', 'converse', 'direction', 'we', 'prove', 'a', 'dimensiondependent', 'lower', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'classical', 'channel', 'capacity', 'cab', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'capacity', 'cab', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'that', 'the', 'bipartite', 'unitary', 'operation', 'consists', 'of', 'controlled', 'local', 'unitaries', 'on', 'b', 'conditioned', 'on', 'basis', 'states', 'on', 'a', 'this', 'can', 'be', 'interpreted', 'as', 'a', 'statement', 'on', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'inevitable', 'backaction', 'of', 'a', 'quantum', 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708.1506 | A Soft Interaction Model at Ultra High Energies: Amplitudes, Cross
Sections and Survival Probabilities | In this paper we present a two channel model with the goal of reproducing the
soft scattering data available in the ISR-Tevatron energy range, and extend the
model results to LHC and Cosmic Rays energies. A characteristic feature of the
model is that we represent the sum of all diffractive final states at a vertex,
by a single diffractive state. Our two main results are: (i) The approach of
the elastic scattering amplitude to the black disc bound is very slow, reaching
it at energies far higher than the GZK ankle cutoff. (ii) Our predicted
survival probability for Higgs exclusive central diffractive production at the
LHC is 0.7%, which is considerably smaller than our previous estimate. The
above features are compatible with a parton-like model in which the traditional
soft Pomeron is replaced by an amplitude describing the partonic system, which
issaturated in the soft (long distance) limit.
| hep-ph | in this paper we present a two channel model with the goal of reproducing the soft scattering data available in the isrtevatron energy range and extend the model results to lhc and cosmic rays energies a characteristic feature of the model is that we represent the sum of all diffractive final states at a vertex by a single diffractive state our two main results are i the approach of the elastic scattering amplitude to the black disc bound is very slow reaching it at energies far higher than the gzk ankle cutoff ii our predicted survival probability for higgs exclusive central diffractive production at the lhc is 07 which is considerably smaller than our previous estimate the above features are compatible with a partonlike model in which the traditional soft pomeron is replaced by an amplitude describing the partonic system which issaturated in the soft long distance limit | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'two', 'channel', 'model', 'with', 'the', 'goal', 'of', 'reproducing', 'the', 'soft', 'scattering', 'data', 'available', 'in', 'the', 'isrtevatron', 'energy', 'range', 'and', 'extend', 'the', 'model', 'results', 'to', 'lhc', 'and', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'energies', 'a', 'characteristic', 'feature', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'that', 'we', 'represent', 'the', 'sum', 'of', 'all', 'diffractive', 'final', 'states', 'at', 'a', 'vertex', 'by', 'a', 'single', 'diffractive', 'state', 'our', 'two', 'main', 'results', 'are', 'i', 'the', 'approach', 'of', 'the', 'elastic', 'scattering', 'amplitude', 'to', 'the', 'black', 'disc', 'bound', 'is', 'very', 'slow', 'reaching', 'it', 'at', 'energies', 'far', 'higher', 'than', 'the', 'gzk', 'ankle', 'cutoff', 'ii', 'our', 'predicted', 'survival', 'probability', 'for', 'higgs', 'exclusive', 'central', 'diffractive', 'production', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'is', '07', 'which', 'is', 'considerably', 'smaller', 'than', 'our', 'previous', 'estimate', 'the', 'above', 'features', 'are', 'compatible', 'with', 'a', 'partonlike', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'traditional', 'soft', 'pomeron', 'is', 'replaced', 'by', 'an', 'amplitude', 'describing', 'the', 'partonic', 'system', 'which', 'issaturated', 'in', 'the', 'soft', 'long', 'distance', 'limit']] | [-0.05650578664622086, 0.1864615845927362, -0.11014337558299303, 0.11680671308493736, -0.02678839918099293, -0.10464191949628547, 0.00996122501717665, 0.3636794730412717, -0.22860546636578888, -0.28189137933433667, 0.03164125174651442, -0.3182845046414303, -0.04609008080074183, 0.16654457920389312, 0.016916763770780493, 0.060154862910965265, 0.0703263033140248, 0.044878162533919116, -0.004619426852675015, -0.19866801829387745, 0.3279945044113057, 0.09391917743194265, 0.23751298119599112, 0.08544707828879256, 0.06557667457742528, 0.045542467052915266, -0.006417627295488682, -0.04558698276729405, -0.10234819736742917, 0.12367990326261477, 0.23860098081989353, 0.06364308347051241, 0.18597311419466522, -0.35650071931914207, -0.1962759013020047, 0.09360628984995237, 0.1375183542346151, 0.09209092902764045, 0.008842209860885224, -0.2331903805088277, 0.10029807085247368, -0.2012103798111812, -0.13488700198402412, 0.013223770302625336, -0.01654936836994424, -0.03758757102753029, -0.2684178499973753, 0.084879201474967, 0.035248495434049745, -0.022477186385733806, -0.0840945376107409, -0.1550796469475529, -0.026865855147618623, 0.04669592972705457, 0.07279324274966303, 0.08472238081906523, 0.14857070475914136, -0.18463905385796767, -0.12097216129372669, 0.3439548779659125, -0.03157914569542021, -0.11600188497726356, 0.19057733629280574, -0.20050323930993474, -0.11841937365821328, 0.2036612353788144, 0.16088366988716887, 0.09937294958742196, -0.1738086446207397, 0.07148513655719936, -0.007848033324346504, 0.16849698529097246, 0.06572924062077488, 0.04619631106128954, 0.20321636082807265, 0.2402276563629204, 0.008942940703206727, 0.08101493624818264, -0.13576069722572962, -0.07575597657448277, -0.3946629614651609, -0.07540949463977345, -0.16512839140158247, 0.029447500809368227, -0.09435596206161308, -0.11780730196509231, 0.36922219311374993, 0.12077134868548232, 0.28022221162547767, 0.09229045572491097, 0.3288651668327246, 0.132465783638886, 0.07104837270706993, 0.08296089056169703, 0.33229308492554743, 0.09538443113176696, 0.11947100462556696, -0.18739634053148077, 0.05011376980565438, 0.03979016880688517] |
708.1507 | Quaternionic and Poisson-Lie structures in 3d gravity: the cosmological
constant as deformation parameter | Each of the local isometry groups arising in 3d gravity can be viewed as the
group of unit (split) quaternions over a ring which depends on the cosmological
constant. In this paper we explain and prove this statement, and use it as a
unifying framework for studying Poisson structures associated with the local
isometry groups. We show that, in all cases except for Euclidean signature with
positive cosmological constant, the local isometry groups are equipped with the
Poisson-Lie structure of a classical double. We calculate the dressing action
of the factor groups on each other and find, amongst others, a simple and
unified description of the symplectic leaves of SU(2) and SL(2,R). We also
compute the Poisson structure on the dual Poisson-Lie groups of the local
isometry groups and on their Heisenberg doubles; together, they determine the
Poisson structure of the phase space of 3d gravity in the so-called
combinatorial description.
| gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP | each of the local isometry groups arising in 3d gravity can be viewed as the group of unit split quaternions over a ring which depends on the cosmological constant in this paper we explain and prove this statement and use it as a unifying framework for studying poisson structures associated with the local isometry groups we show that in all cases except for euclidean signature with positive cosmological constant the local isometry groups are equipped with the poissonlie structure of a classical double we calculate the dressing action of the factor groups on each other and find amongst others a simple and unified description of the symplectic leaves of su2 and sl2r we also compute the poisson structure on the dual poissonlie groups of the local isometry groups and on their heisenberg doubles together they determine the poisson structure of the phase space of 3d gravity in the socalled combinatorial description | [['each', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'isometry', 'groups', 'arising', 'in', '3d', 'gravity', 'can', 'be', 'viewed', 'as', 'the', 'group', 'of', 'unit', 'split', 'quaternions', 'over', 'a', 'ring', 'which', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'explain', 'and', 'prove', 'this', 'statement', 'and', 'use', 'it', 'as', 'a', 'unifying', 'framework', 'for', 'studying', 'poisson', 'structures', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'local', 'isometry', 'groups', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'in', 'all', 'cases', 'except', 'for', 'euclidean', 'signature', 'with', 'positive', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'the', 'local', 'isometry', 'groups', 'are', 'equipped', 'with', 'the', 'poissonlie', 'structure', 'of', 'a', 'classical', 'double', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'dressing', 'action', 'of', 'the', 'factor', 'groups', 'on', 'each', 'other', 'and', 'find', 'amongst', 'others', 'a', 'simple', 'and', 'unified', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'symplectic', 'leaves', 'of', 'su2', 'and', 'sl2r', 'we', 'also', 'compute', 'the', 'poisson', 'structure', 'on', 'the', 'dual', 'poissonlie', 'groups', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'isometry', 'groups', 'and', 'on', 'their', 'heisenberg', 'doubles', 'together', 'they', 'determine', 'the', 'poisson', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'phase', 'space', 'of', '3d', 'gravity', 'in', 'the', 'socalled', 'combinatorial', 'description']] | [-0.15625315800999964, 0.07590358317613799, -0.0779502076522404, 0.07350107514151427, -0.1062700428925948, -0.11731598438966452, 0.0017861864993669438, 0.3707207122089847, -0.30639591017145884, -0.2529842293087319, 0.10143778726862533, -0.2147033970050563, -0.17368279733627245, 0.16758839562704897, -0.07981961478312678, -0.06908406222868242, 0.005473448034523931, 0.14042429684272764, -0.14352787809984394, -0.257501216619183, 0.385640548048726, 0.033058701860194176, 0.2571746782917801, -0.04569104217942681, 0.1373925959407691, 0.03534899979509068, -0.0553955719189484, 0.031696420818896766, -0.12626684250624037, 0.12477878200519361, 0.21872921973244835, 0.03869914015082778, 0.1687745142496127, -0.3979404207121655, -0.1948981680637472, 0.12932153356366402, 0.12514696796023786, 0.08293782564771318, -0.05411000543933929, -0.2981916471501652, 0.08096523833729401, -0.15478958793305206, -0.12843240697602956, -0.07398593573158743, -0.018133262505397103, -0.007525095862601668, -0.18866062177991222, 0.05876038710888173, 0.047656796928125106, 0.045733945061828915, -0.11155557884705185, -0.06685697421468548, -0.01828793131450302, 0.1478922755660995, 0.01569433490875245, 0.02109804329083036, 0.13424360598221619, -0.0974599346919417, -0.13157963370349232, 0.4514243151030398, -0.05134887947232172, -0.2270860607174552, 0.158606500673225, -0.1891170347769381, -0.22544516954842386, 0.06632697056756903, 0.12080704587332855, 0.10778600284027935, -0.07316351540823042, 0.18480835532821988, -0.11187377096530025, 0.07729077479102038, 0.07477637832145521, 0.027622465752003503, 0.17289902176091212, 0.08835948034905095, 0.09749869570164596, 0.11619665462559163, -0.004530240242317047, -0.08834985075580166, -0.34468006078671937, -0.19832996683910686, -0.09706237595235398, 0.10482060451627961, -0.15567138762963437, -0.1970690543245253, 0.3994254941793023, 0.041739624124313306, 0.20355316415885524, 0.08967467362796641, 0.21082785551972835, 0.05588492087322898, 0.0984879593065761, 0.05395921188351137, 0.17395461468251164, 0.20539685322082793, -0.045048864387185465, -0.2023193482124549, -0.05037237579521063, 0.15620932290608075] |
708.1508 | Elliptic Flow arising from Ridges due to Semi-hard Scattering | Azimuthal anisotropy in heavy-ion collisions is studied by taking into
account the ridges generated by semi-hard scattering of intermediate-momentum
partons, which can be sensitive to the initial spatial configuration of the
medium in non-central collisions. In a simple treatment of the problem where
the recombination of only thermal partons is considered, analytical formulas
can be derived that yield results in accord with the data on v_2 for p_T <1-2
GeV/c. Centrality dependence is described by a geometrical factor. Ridge
phenomenology is used to determine the initial slopes of v_2 at low p_T for
both pion and proton. For higher p_T, shower partons from high-p_T jets must be
included, but they are not considered here.
| nucl-th | azimuthal anisotropy in heavyion collisions is studied by taking into account the ridges generated by semihard scattering of intermediatemomentum partons which can be sensitive to the initial spatial configuration of the medium in noncentral collisions in a simple treatment of the problem where the recombination of only thermal partons is considered analytical formulas can be derived that yield results in accord with the data on v_2 for p_t 12 gevc centrality dependence is described by a geometrical factor ridge phenomenology is used to determine the initial slopes of v_2 at low p_t for both pion and proton for higher p_t shower partons from highp_t jets must be included but they are not considered here | [['azimuthal', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'heavyion', 'collisions', 'is', 'studied', 'by', 'taking', 'into', 'account', 'the', 'ridges', 'generated', 'by', 'semihard', 'scattering', 'of', 'intermediatemomentum', 'partons', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'initial', 'spatial', 'configuration', 'of', 'the', 'medium', 'in', 'noncentral', 'collisions', 'in', 'a', 'simple', 'treatment', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'where', 'the', 'recombination', 'of', 'only', 'thermal', 'partons', 'is', 'considered', 'analytical', 'formulas', 'can', 'be', 'derived', 'that', 'yield', 'results', 'in', 'accord', 'with', 'the', 'data', 'on', 'v_2', 'for', 'p_t', '12', 'gevc', 'centrality', 'dependence', 'is', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'geometrical', 'factor', 'ridge', 'phenomenology', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'initial', 'slopes', 'of', 'v_2', 'at', 'low', 'p_t', 'for', 'both', 'pion', 'and', 'proton', 'for', 'higher', 'p_t', 'shower', 'partons', 'from', 'highp_t', 'jets', 'must', 'be', 'included', 'but', 'they', 'are', 'not', 'considered', 'here']] | [-0.04548569414115602, 0.28572623455995877, -0.19185171460947104, 0.14564683359215216, -0.009565744670602469, -0.08906522505881627, -0.1294509815629077, 0.42012311488521836, -0.20952287793934213, -0.26476987204473235, -0.03498632921136718, -0.3122293295058529, 0.08695303829823646, 0.1562274119083201, 0.033216877940004746, 0.05448199477122965, 0.12398325493023525, -0.021169293103162692, 0.013578846219275971, -0.18286610878200427, 0.3095143431533886, 0.09000982262144706, 0.19487140188817825, 0.1850329238789535, 0.08108317605281595, 0.07887238032077398, -0.032820034541387474, 0.08415583359588565, -0.13803450132863632, 0.022564326884303307, 0.29588384730988637, 0.03176931494051607, 0.12147023862439509, -0.3809207487290939, -0.16637792883119423, 0.07320201329359438, 0.208999179744582, 0.07784657225124043, -0.03078551979558295, -0.22125660801982194, 0.10364853275890372, -0.21260672744643766, -0.14869771385462377, -0.07225061133421495, -0.02424989233568179, 0.025711316747211777, -0.31926734450034205, 0.15098689026528953, 0.023620776609575327, 0.04306089212145425, -0.002386966839729421, -0.19807091089113887, -0.09397038380384642, 0.050776215636921404, 0.11526883589680743, 0.07464797124349043, 0.16144780750567736, -0.17511941614742102, -0.12143197257599209, 0.4275555110009041, 0.05086607210527677, -0.18703097036516345, 0.12247817297218845, -0.23172145148541415, -0.1003276355259648, 0.2011524064515808, 0.2560187251661467, 0.07462594468987226, -0.19362086828888717, 0.01475648576090065, -0.030261350342328044, 0.1596766241385181, 0.10963579050092175, 0.033368681470937696, 0.15875583941908142, 0.13789783868180439, -0.015665308411636974, 0.10427994701281948, -0.07150253266780184, -0.06823755904158528, -0.36164314875098985, -0.05464413794647671, -0.1627019679264487, 0.06213931430894078, -0.14340962037694974, -0.08005576771972454, 0.3595459122062389, 0.07071381386995843, 0.29466725046853576, -0.05530142766501821, 0.3149723748190213, 0.13967547048938223, 0.06343927987402025, 0.13173145561404856, 0.26508018724719246, 0.14550175970065846, 0.17650610886398801, -0.21904835152538674, 0.10500677056050142, 0.06623872824062683] |
708.1509 | X-ray flares, plateaus, and chromatic breaks of GRB afterglows from
up-scattered forward-shock emission | Scattering of the forward-shock synchrotron emission by a relativistic
outflow located behind the leading blast-wave may produce an X-ray emission
brighter than that coming directly from the forward-shock and may explain four
features displayed by Swift X-ray afterglows: flares, plateaus (slow decays),
chromatic light-curve breaks, and fast post-plateau decays. For a cold
scattering outflow, the reflected flux overshines the primary one if the
scattering outflow is nearly baryon-free and highly relativistic. These two
requirements can be relaxed if the scattering outflow is energized by weak
internal shocks, so that the incident forward-shock photons are also
inverse-Compton scattered, in addition to bulk-scattering. Sweeping-up of the
photons left behind by the forward shock naturally yields short X-ray flares.
Owing to the boost in photon energy produced by bulk-scattering scattering, the
reflected emission is more likely to overshine that coming directly from the
forward shock at higher photon energies, yielding light-curve plateaus and
breaks that appear only in the X-ray. The brightness, shape, and decay of the
X-ray light-curve plateau depend on the radial distribution of the scatterer's
Lorentz factor and mass-flux. Chromatic X-ray light-curve breaks and sharp
post-plateau decays cannot be accommodated by the direct forward-shock emission
and argue in favour of the scattering-outflow model proposed here. On the other
hand, the X-ray afterglows without plateaus, those with achromatic breaks, and
those with very long-lived power-law decays are more naturally accommodated by
the standard forward-shock model. Thus the diversity of X-ray light-curves
arises from the interplay of the scattered and direct forward-shock emissions.
| astro-ph | scattering of the forwardshock synchrotron emission by a relativistic outflow located behind the leading blastwave may produce an xray emission brighter than that coming directly from the forwardshock and may explain four features displayed by swift xray afterglows flares plateaus slow decays chromatic lightcurve breaks and fast postplateau decays for a cold scattering outflow the reflected flux overshines the primary one if the scattering outflow is nearly baryonfree and highly relativistic these two requirements can be relaxed if the scattering outflow is energized by weak internal shocks so that the incident forwardshock photons are also inversecompton scattered in addition to bulkscattering sweepingup of the photons left behind by the forward shock naturally yields short xray flares owing to the boost in photon energy produced by bulkscattering scattering the reflected emission is more likely to overshine that coming directly from the forward shock at higher photon energies yielding lightcurve plateaus and breaks that appear only in the xray the brightness shape and decay of the xray lightcurve plateau depend on the radial distribution of the scatterers lorentz factor and massflux chromatic xray lightcurve breaks and sharp postplateau decays cannot be accommodated by the direct forwardshock emission and argue in favour of the scatteringoutflow model proposed here on the other hand the xray afterglows without plateaus those with achromatic breaks and those with very longlived powerlaw decays are more naturally accommodated by the standard forwardshock model thus the diversity of xray lightcurves arises from the interplay of the scattered and direct forwardshock emissions | [['scattering', 'of', 'the', 'forwardshock', 'synchrotron', 'emission', 'by', 'a', 'relativistic', 'outflow', 'located', 'behind', 'the', 'leading', 'blastwave', 'may', 'produce', 'an', 'xray', 'emission', 'brighter', 'than', 'that', 'coming', 'directly', 'from', 'the', 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708.151 | Connecting GRBs and galaxies: the probability of chance coincidence | Studies of GRB host galaxies are crucial to understanding GRBs. However,
since they are identified by the superposition in the plane of the sky of a GRB
afterglow and a galaxy there is always a possibility that an association
represents a chance alignment, rather than a physical connection. We examine a
uniform sample of 72 GRB fields to explore the probability of chance
superpositions. There is typically a ~1% chance that an optical afterglow will
coincide with a galaxy by chance. While spurious host galaxy detections will,
therefore, be rare, the possibility must be considered when examining
individual GRB/host galaxy examples. It is also tempting to use the large and
uniform collection of X-ray afterglow positions to search for GRB-associated
galaxies. However, we find that approximately half of the 14 superpositions in
our sample are likely to occur by chance, so in the case of GRBs localized only
by an X-ray afterglow, even statistical studies are suspect.
| astro-ph | studies of grb host galaxies are crucial to understanding grbs however since they are identified by the superposition in the plane of the sky of a grb afterglow and a galaxy there is always a possibility that an association represents a chance alignment rather than a physical connection we examine a uniform sample of 72 grb fields to explore the probability of chance superpositions there is typically a 1 chance that an optical afterglow will coincide with a galaxy by chance while spurious host galaxy detections will therefore be rare the possibility must be considered when examining individual grbhost galaxy examples it is also tempting to use the large and uniform collection of xray afterglow positions to search for grbassociated galaxies however we find that approximately half of the 14 superpositions in our sample are likely to occur by chance so in the case of grbs localized only by an xray afterglow even statistical studies are suspect | [['studies', 'of', 'grb', 'host', 'galaxies', 'are', 'crucial', 'to', 'understanding', 'grbs', 'however', 'since', 'they', 'are', 'identified', 'by', 'the', 'superposition', 'in', 'the', 'plane', 'of', 'the', 'sky', 'of', 'a', 'grb', 'afterglow', 'and', 'a', 'galaxy', 'there', 'is', 'always', 'a', 'possibility', 'that', 'an', 'association', 'represents', 'a', 'chance', 'alignment', 'rather', 'than', 'a', 'physical', 'connection', 'we', 'examine', 'a', 'uniform', 'sample', 'of', '72', 'grb', 'fields', 'to', 'explore', 'the', 'probability', 'of', 'chance', 'superpositions', 'there', 'is', 'typically', 'a', '1', 'chance', 'that', 'an', 'optical', 'afterglow', 'will', 'coincide', 'with', 'a', 'galaxy', 'by', 'chance', 'while', 'spurious', 'host', 'galaxy', 'detections', 'will', 'therefore', 'be', 'rare', 'the', 'possibility', 'must', 'be', 'considered', 'when', 'examining', 'individual', 'grbhost', 'galaxy', 'examples', 'it', 'is', 'also', 'tempting', 'to', 'use', 'the', 'large', 'and', 'uniform', 'collection', 'of', 'xray', 'afterglow', 'positions', 'to', 'search', 'for', 'grbassociated', 'galaxies', 'however', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'approximately', 'half', 'of', 'the', '14', 'superpositions', 'in', 'our', 'sample', 'are', 'likely', 'to', 'occur', 'by', 'chance', 'so', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'grbs', 'localized', 'only', 'by', 'an', 'xray', 'afterglow', 'even', 'statistical', 'studies', 'are', 'suspect']] | [-0.09004543157994377, 0.12537466421175245, -0.06483222912543286, 0.16687084218555798, -0.12498899585065934, -0.09666252774425232, 0.09098959486716642, 0.4704614812269425, -0.16415748860125837, -0.31281629510116404, 0.04679558748000254, -0.31199717911509556, -0.05693958008076805, 0.21045549559997967, -0.03439171282717815, -0.024176721879018422, 0.08264510755618222, -0.053382344102152646, -0.039221337102413274, -0.292908122065292, 0.2654600833344515, 0.09595360203335683, 0.20126796987236817, -0.06286754752419746, 0.060463815748404995, -0.04410296593097229, -0.05753317473975655, -0.003435821779884207, -0.08743446787071335, 0.023447085658494286, 0.2659536960254161, 0.15191709583637136, 0.28531826437355423, -0.3649678422037911, -0.20462083061918235, 0.15786606579189164, 0.19187658053572074, 0.08385034685936542, -0.07190803913265252, -0.2919537607410278, 0.08823290370995752, -0.16619669963629582, -0.1709628865773527, 0.030832669536511485, 0.0508853077966099, 0.038443753547676936, -0.18460896834828114, 0.11045838366632009, 0.044534649383888625, 0.047263684981048874, -0.03452862842450253, -0.005598774573837335, -0.020833020323875528, 0.060826939688316393, 0.06661568014010882, 0.07072933347006209, 0.10895341937131701, -0.1696110217449948, -0.08154039518931547, 0.45330472731103116, 0.03401743724689601, -0.05404670673529976, 0.218591783373342, -0.20197452128960344, -0.16874278057963613, 0.15896889626179847, 0.12661375060456637, 0.0744851044146344, -0.18283597176056132, -0.03097333241469012, -0.04191900412134158, 0.2138178897752928, 0.025289523791378506, 0.07547142247345526, 0.33514361306786156, 0.09129037888338551, 0.07184415301367736, 0.09460471556947316, -0.17591645551893192, -0.0021968237393034194, -0.2848103765983326, -0.12453297316395225, -0.19911049520492385, 0.14106398215517402, -0.07014012968340047, -0.11343791432535419, 0.3758895347814243, 0.11899434381988473, 0.20422915779412365, 0.04306420342674336, 0.2645845565070303, 0.06998909243684, 0.08048228182209034, 0.07781742181396112, 0.32925145137004364, 0.08002205548855738, 0.008114907171171254, -0.14613905346068817, 0.12060530002539356, -0.031507394364617095] |
708.1511 | Simultaneous Multi-Wavelength Observations of Magnetic Activity in
Ultracool Dwarfs. I. The Complex Behavior of the M8.5 Dwarf TVLM513-46546 | [Abridged] We present the first simultaneous radio, X-ray, ultraviolet, and
optical spectroscopic observations of the M8.5 dwarf TVLM513-46546, with a
duration of 9 hours. These observations are part of a program to study the
origin of magnetic activity in ultracool dwarfs, and its impact on
chromospheric and coronal emission. Here we detect steady quiescent radio
emission superposed with multiple short-duration, highly polarized flares;
there is no evidence for periodic bursts previously reported for this object,
indicating their transient nature. We also detect soft X-ray emission, with
L_X/L_bol~10^-4.9, the faintest to date for any object later than M5, and a
possible weak X-ray flare. TVLM513-46546 continues the trend of severe
violation of the radio/X-ray correlation in ultracool dwarfs, by nearly 4
orders of magnitude. From the optical spectroscopy we find that the Balmer line
luminosity exceeds the X-ray luminosity by a factor of a few, suggesting that,
unlike in early M dwarfs, chromospheric heating may not be due to coronal X-ray
emission. More importantly, we detect a sinusoidal H-alpha light curve with a
period of 2 hr, matching the rotation period of TVLM513-46546. This is the
first known example of such Balmer line behavior, which points to a co-rotating
chromospheric hot spot or an extended magnetic structure, with a covering
fraction of about 50%. This feature may be transitory based on the apparent
decline in light curve peak during the four observed maxima. From the radio
data we infer a large scale steady magnetic field of ~100 G, in good agreement
with the value required for confinement of the X-ray emitting plasma. The radio
flares, on the other hand, are produced in a component of the field with a
strength of ~3 kG and a likely multi-polar configuration.
| astro-ph | abridged we present the first simultaneous radio xray ultraviolet and optical spectroscopic observations of the m85 dwarf tvlm51346546 with a duration of 9 hours these observations are part of a program to study the origin of magnetic activity in ultracool dwarfs and its impact on chromospheric and coronal emission here we detect steady quiescent radio emission superposed with multiple shortduration highly polarized flares there is no evidence for periodic bursts previously reported for this object indicating their transient nature we also detect soft xray emission with l_xl_bol1049 the faintest to date for any object later than m5 and a possible weak xray flare tvlm51346546 continues the trend of severe violation of the radioxray correlation in ultracool dwarfs by nearly 4 orders of magnitude from the optical spectroscopy we find that the balmer line luminosity exceeds the xray luminosity by a factor of a few suggesting that unlike in early m dwarfs chromospheric heating may not be due to coronal xray emission more importantly we detect a sinusoidal halpha light curve with a period of 2 hr matching the rotation period of tvlm51346546 this is the first known example of such balmer line behavior which points to a corotating chromospheric hot spot or an extended magnetic structure with a covering fraction of about 50 this feature may be transitory based on the apparent decline in light curve peak during the four observed maxima from the radio data we infer a large scale steady magnetic field of 100 g in good agreement with the value required for confinement of the xray emitting plasma the radio flares on the other hand are produced in a component of the field with a strength of 3 kg and a likely multipolar configuration | [['abridged', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'simultaneous', 'radio', 'xray', 'ultraviolet', 'and', 'optical', 'spectroscopic', 'observations', 'of', 'the', 'm85', 'dwarf', 'tvlm51346546', 'with', 'a', 'duration', 'of', '9', 'hours', 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708.1512 | Solving the Hamiltonian path problem with a light-based computer | In this paper we propose a special computational device which uses light rays
for solving the Hamiltonian path problem on a directed graph. The device has a
graph-like representation and the light is traversing it by following the
routes given by the connections between nodes. In each node the rays are
uniquely marked so that they can be easily identified. At the destination node
we will search only for particular rays that have passed only once through each
node. We show that the proposed device can solve small and medium instances of
the problem in reasonable time.
| cs.AR cs.DC | in this paper we propose a special computational device which uses light rays for solving the hamiltonian path problem on a directed graph the device has a graphlike representation and the light is traversing it by following the routes given by the connections between nodes in each node the rays are uniquely marked so that they can be easily identified at the destination node we will search only for particular rays that have passed only once through each node we show that the proposed device can solve small and medium instances of the problem in reasonable time | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'special', 'computational', 'device', 'which', 'uses', 'light', 'rays', 'for', 'solving', 'the', 'hamiltonian', 'path', 'problem', 'on', 'a', 'directed', 'graph', 'the', 'device', 'has', 'a', 'graphlike', 'representation', 'and', 'the', 'light', 'is', 'traversing', 'it', 'by', 'following', 'the', 'routes', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'connections', 'between', 'nodes', 'in', 'each', 'node', 'the', 'rays', 'are', 'uniquely', 'marked', 'so', 'that', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'easily', 'identified', 'at', 'the', 'destination', 'node', 'we', 'will', 'search', 'only', 'for', 'particular', 'rays', 'that', 'have', 'passed', 'only', 'once', 'through', 'each', 'node', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'proposed', 'device', 'can', 'solve', 'small', 'and', 'medium', 'instances', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'in', 'reasonable', 'time']] | [-0.14965306271405257, 0.13445553369820118, -0.09240022957440197, 0.009827625774538395, -0.10968847049534627, -0.1771578008798671, 0.10420779895983137, 0.44025470131105676, -0.3361751086164996, -0.31573232113546934, 0.055791634450589794, -0.2984219395685173, -0.1712367181502974, 0.16967065609060228, -0.07181558871315312, 0.029668707304547744, 0.14110990645383129, 0.08303886333230845, 0.00847466459099357, -0.23464247311337025, 0.3066229440041424, 0.06652632997774509, 0.21001079313687443, 0.07405579687309506, 0.15274471417549498, 0.02397788253603215, 0.014316753364292924, 0.059651201509284914, -0.06045733890896747, 0.07496623748423743, 0.2666062988033614, 0.15980171834205076, 0.25140781485542807, -0.4524385699253414, -0.24751102811052011, 0.1501486146793768, 0.16469415510313334, 0.10969410130403667, -0.048679653417136634, -0.2729573546111891, 0.13821370976967448, -0.11678795622584899, -0.07286939288899974, 0.014954800712732003, -0.004983223139394804, 0.03561226369155398, -0.18743995481084302, -0.049970450873496296, -0.004825788991736997, -0.03286422015234981, -0.006594380983103489, -0.051494992117291874, -0.01340559263684854, 0.13572488353136428, 0.004400439471601672, 0.053892909366752687, 0.0940971126127028, -0.10508950378928218, -0.12269984482374695, 0.40003986791083496, 0.017020350738582154, -0.20808040788013143, 0.14454036589817518, -0.1018900184018403, -0.1557671080689071, 0.13036833834695177, 0.19648302928064518, 0.12595477646466383, -0.20341197923593915, 0.0702031687485323, -0.08228516344403483, 0.1195440681425605, 0.08938110547293861, -0.01318806957587907, 0.20211704714038017, 0.1585225651554341, 0.12173687319808937, 0.13170238770424514, -0.08645786104973444, -0.029854900294857233, -0.29744299714328704, -0.16241977331660612, -0.23997823275702515, 0.010164860511179437, -0.1119987760936318, -0.08562181586610902, 0.44742189712592007, 0.14976334083134057, 0.2016803065708541, 0.027826749180808432, 0.30007656060696875, 0.12883493969620197, 0.06182246576315368, 0.17101600999972716, 0.21950770367282568, 0.04954477251248108, 0.0950344707336776, -0.15093529526055455, 0.11439956137046371, 0.0569607710763428] |
708.1513 | Low Resolution Spectral Templates For Galaxies From 0.2 -- 10 microns | We built an optimal basis of low resolution templates for galaxies over the
wavelength range from 0.2 to 10 $\mu$m using a variant of the algorithm
presented by Budavari et al. (2000). We derived them using eleven bands of
photometry from the NDWFS, FLAMEX, zBo\"otes and IRAC Shallow surveys for 16033
galaxies in the NDWFS Bo\"otes field with spectroscopic redshifts measured by
the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey. We also developed algorithms to accurately
determine photometric redshifts, K corrections and bolometric luminosities
using these templates. Our photometric redshifts have an accuracy of
$\sigma_z/(1+z) = 0.04$ when clipped to the best 95%. We used these templates
to study the spectral type distribution in the field and to estimate luminosity
functions of galaxies as a function of redshift and spectral type. In
particular, we note that the 5-8$\mu$m color distribution of galaxies is
bimodal, much like the optical g--r colors.
| astro-ph | we built an optimal basis of low resolution templates for galaxies over the wavelength range from 02 to 10 mum using a variant of the algorithm presented by budavari et al 2000 we derived them using eleven bands of photometry from the ndwfs flamex zbootes and irac shallow surveys for 16033 galaxies in the ndwfs bootes field with spectroscopic redshifts measured by the agn and galaxy evolution survey we also developed algorithms to accurately determine photometric redshifts k corrections and bolometric luminosities using these templates our photometric redshifts have an accuracy of sigma_z1z 004 when clipped to the best 95 we used these templates to study the spectral type distribution in the field and to estimate luminosity functions of galaxies as a function of redshift and spectral type in particular we note that the 58mum color distribution of galaxies is bimodal much like the optical gr colors | [['we', 'built', 'an', 'optimal', 'basis', 'of', 'low', 'resolution', 'templates', 'for', 'galaxies', 'over', 'the', 'wavelength', 'range', 'from', '02', 'to', '10', 'mum', 'using', 'a', 'variant', 'of', 'the', 'algorithm', 'presented', 'by', 'budavari', 'et', 'al', '2000', 'we', 'derived', 'them', 'using', 'eleven', 'bands', 'of', 'photometry', 'from', 'the', 'ndwfs', 'flamex', 'zbootes', 'and', 'irac', 'shallow', 'surveys', 'for', '16033', 'galaxies', 'in', 'the', 'ndwfs', 'bootes', 'field', 'with', 'spectroscopic', 'redshifts', 'measured', 'by', 'the', 'agn', 'and', 'galaxy', 'evolution', 'survey', 'we', 'also', 'developed', 'algorithms', 'to', 'accurately', 'determine', 'photometric', 'redshifts', 'k', 'corrections', 'and', 'bolometric', 'luminosities', 'using', 'these', 'templates', 'our', 'photometric', 'redshifts', 'have', 'an', 'accuracy', 'of', 'sigma_z1z', '004', 'when', 'clipped', 'to', 'the', 'best', '95', 'we', 'used', 'these', 'templates', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'spectral', 'type', 'distribution', 'in', 'the', 'field', 'and', 'to', 'estimate', 'luminosity', 'functions', 'of', 'galaxies', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'redshift', 'and', 'spectral', 'type', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'note', 'that', 'the', '58mum', 'color', 'distribution', 'of', 'galaxies', 'is', 'bimodal', 'much', 'like', 'the', 'optical', 'gr', 'colors']] | [0.02775268949658817, 0.01697397585606571, -0.09372626104353306, 0.10255298392035507, -0.08924523568485812, -0.048070563601666234, 0.06354420439391914, 0.4942254150131096, -0.12487735367418888, -0.37770295281532323, 0.045676729581221785, -0.300792642228771, -0.04608463696179873, 0.21371743657962522, -0.06366540726028486, 0.029028816789731435, 0.011141128044174466, -0.1612759658374772, -0.04371031857903694, -0.3281236293049814, 0.2724687386297673, 0.0651972980122082, 0.21237244033384034, -0.08007308856435379, 0.09257741560254039, -0.029793612426146865, -0.10135930860997178, 0.0028030927630121973, -0.22976049558873354, 0.05138770407130425, 0.27818226190639606, 0.14705095205378407, 0.20673921527729058, -0.26755863333043334, -0.1678763479269239, 0.08986983009122519, 0.185689922551521, 0.06585125532809696, -0.028607042908940155, -0.26477061344970326, 0.08641278746007527, -0.1808970461263218, -0.13944253982723845, 0.04000818856729893, 0.037004344163708285, 0.06980082387033487, -0.2359307174014652, 0.11307227613138417, -0.023585854623686626, 0.14882454679658016, -0.12891123887190284, -0.14962208292692797, -0.05777254202823517, 0.07764125346895728, -0.05947239473365092, 0.10826709454866229, 0.11412508123774184, -0.16167770055795294, -0.031837066745437265, 0.3805979236527087, -0.1181207215510464, 0.0067627849978938075, 0.18533244411971989, -0.1569162789059596, -0.14281514494278882, 0.10408214285740137, 0.18017874264882672, 0.12336816368204179, -0.18347269292007695, 0.029716060095678485, 0.0301730534055322, 0.24839043299046656, 0.02161081723170355, 0.09720335197289387, 0.24883184732041425, 0.04989329179887944, 0.022356019926115148, 0.08258122876981765, -0.2656631898751382, 0.04750175950458571, -0.24471512910774132, -0.06474024240742438, -0.17681759180494636, 0.09421877964955962, -0.16359336711997863, -0.10912458757775312, 0.4083334656703907, 0.15331977794671225, 0.2224785895846758, 0.1478410641171245, 0.2864642518042173, 0.09629926857370366, 0.13186815061554727, 0.08103641959153013, 0.313025826253579, 0.14590341067499443, 0.06384664738268636, -0.18050550256804046, -0.03380543091528428, 0.04242691683531222] |
708.1514 | UCD Candidates in the Hydra Cluster | NGC 3311, the giant cD galaxy in the Hydra cluster (A1060), has one of the
largest globular cluster systems known. We describe new Gemini GMOS (g',i')
photometry of the NGC 3311 field which reveals that the red, metal-rich side of
its globular cluster population extends smoothly upward into the mass range
associated with the new class of Ultra-Compact Dwarfs (UCDs). We identify 29
UCD candidates with estimated masses > 6x10^6 solar masses and discuss their
characteristics. This UCD-like sequence is the most well defined one yet seen,
and reinforces current ideas that the high-mass end of the globular cluster
sequence merges continuously into the UCD sequence, which connects in turn to
the E galaxy structural sequence.
| astro-ph | ngc 3311 the giant cd galaxy in the hydra cluster a1060 has one of the largest globular cluster systems known we describe new gemini gmos gi photometry of the ngc 3311 field which reveals that the red metalrich side of its globular cluster population extends smoothly upward into the mass range associated with the new class of ultracompact dwarfs ucds we identify 29 ucd candidates with estimated masses 6x106 solar masses and discuss their characteristics this ucdlike sequence is the most well defined one yet seen and reinforces current ideas that the highmass end of the globular cluster sequence merges continuously into the ucd sequence which connects in turn to the e galaxy structural sequence | [['ngc', '3311', 'the', 'giant', 'cd', 'galaxy', 'in', 'the', 'hydra', 'cluster', 'a1060', 'has', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'largest', 'globular', 'cluster', 'systems', 'known', 'we', 'describe', 'new', 'gemini', 'gmos', 'gi', 'photometry', 'of', 'the', 'ngc', '3311', 'field', 'which', 'reveals', 'that', 'the', 'red', 'metalrich', 'side', 'of', 'its', 'globular', 'cluster', 'population', 'extends', 'smoothly', 'upward', 'into', 'the', 'mass', 'range', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'new', 'class', 'of', 'ultracompact', 'dwarfs', 'ucds', 'we', 'identify', '29', 'ucd', 'candidates', 'with', 'estimated', 'masses', '6x106', 'solar', 'masses', 'and', 'discuss', 'their', 'characteristics', 'this', 'ucdlike', 'sequence', 'is', 'the', 'most', 'well', 'defined', 'one', 'yet', 'seen', 'and', 'reinforces', 'current', 'ideas', 'that', 'the', 'highmass', 'end', 'of', 'the', 'globular', 'cluster', 'sequence', 'merges', 'continuously', 'into', 'the', 'ucd', 'sequence', 'which', 'connects', 'in', 'turn', 'to', 'the', 'e', 'galaxy', 'structural', 'sequence']] | [-0.07455444449085023, 0.08647977886721492, -0.11215009397761733, 0.08559601831968808, -0.15337352565767473, -0.05103270313702524, 0.03726906721120733, 0.4105944506693305, -0.1779174159287083, -0.3318886598418957, 0.014846987683293327, -0.256100243417007, -0.06411029306534481, 0.20941265112834803, -0.07785362871608843, -0.08763015863325818, 0.11429419746753156, -0.005935291481906907, 0.011105767860212118, -0.29493995052517247, 0.30727429545010654, -0.021746181396832855, 0.10945395454805214, -0.12962963925511167, 0.04983450300999705, -0.07300103848734707, -0.05072376219425024, -0.06816535568877793, -0.17799907703049125, 0.05436067874625064, 0.22137721707194782, 0.15349508362021624, 0.2543208573846833, -0.2883826625582419, -0.16139958392350787, 0.045126537891439764, 0.2815725680914495, -0.0008036685155769973, -0.11086899793518935, -0.32763990236184837, 0.11219262968944876, -0.20471246812182167, -0.23815812904534764, 0.14591179011193545, 0.018575263896899855, 0.0451352773561028, -0.1632666407773892, 0.13989761945170662, 0.028003420330494185, 0.04095493763554515, -0.15837902110376345, -0.1910755613067171, -0.07507993959976982, 0.12803334002615374, -0.0070276812245873245, 0.09347218614104286, 0.19406674428957335, -0.08799035182394284, -0.01626301663692861, 0.3617849191609901, -0.020811118138545567, 0.10455011452237765, 0.2618828072384196, -0.21488210612401498, -0.24711013601668047, 0.04405723958227195, 0.11092320600884002, 0.09836035521635622, -0.22902185223147012, 0.04867406209354828, -0.03928369987248484, 0.213997913467322, 0.02604067444202915, 0.07251786099559947, 0.3479638379026335, 0.12988864312514156, 0.0677847489510385, 0.11319712538827668, -0.2427702913200687, -0.07231666518757202, -0.16953402926548988, -0.1032457312879463, -0.09928476927891831, 0.03293785539439373, -0.16301710371784825, -0.15658507153816653, 0.35148155725185287, 0.07230064782861359, 0.2426496719953751, 0.042306091448520884, 0.24835154161637388, 0.08087634668979597, 0.18727990080757687, 0.10832759490841183, 0.25730250465577437, 0.2320134143524787, 0.030230773898789233, -0.2816507106017844, -0.0012779881107506522, 0.02628270232347412] |
708.1515 | Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Clouds IX: Multiwavelength
Analysis of the Physical Structure of N49 | We present a multiwavelength analysis of the supernova remnant N49 in the
Large Magellanic Cloud. Using high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2
images of H-alpha, [S II] and [O III] emission, we study the morphology of the
remnant and calculate the rms electron densities in different regions. We
detect an offset of [O III] and H-alpha emission of about 0.5 arcsec, and
discuss possible scenarios that could give rise to such high values. The
kinematics of the remnant is analyzed by matching individual filaments to the
echelle spectra obtained at CTIO. We detect narrow H-alpha emission component
which we identify as the diffuse post-shock recombination radiation, and
discrete broad emission features that correspond to the shocked gas in
filaments. The overall expansion of the remnant is about 250 km/s. The dense
clouds are shocked up to line-of-sight velocities of 250 km/s and the less
dense gas up to 300 km/s. A few cloudlets have even higher radial velocities,
reaching up to 350 km/s. We confirm the presence of the cavity in the remnant,
and identify the center of explosion. Using archival Chandra and XMM-Newton
data, we observe the same trends in surface brightness distribution for the
optical and X-ray images. We carry out the spectral analysis of three regions
that represent the most significant optical features.
| astro-ph | we present a multiwavelength analysis of the supernova remnant n49 in the large magellanic cloud using highresolution hubble space telescope wfpc2 images of halpha s ii and o iii emission we study the morphology of the remnant and calculate the rms electron densities in different regions we detect an offset of o iii and halpha emission of about 05 arcsec and discuss possible scenarios that could give rise to such high values the kinematics of the remnant is analyzed by matching individual filaments to the echelle spectra obtained at ctio we detect narrow halpha emission component which we identify as the diffuse postshock recombination radiation and discrete broad emission features that correspond to the shocked gas in filaments the overall expansion of the remnant is about 250 kms the dense clouds are shocked up to lineofsight velocities of 250 kms and the less dense gas up to 300 kms a few cloudlets have even higher radial velocities reaching up to 350 kms we confirm the presence of the cavity in the remnant and identify the center of explosion using archival chandra and xmmnewton data we observe the same trends in surface brightness distribution for the optical and xray images we carry out the spectral analysis of three regions that represent the most significant optical features | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'multiwavelength', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'supernova', 'remnant', 'n49', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'magellanic', 'cloud', 'using', 'highresolution', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'wfpc2', 'images', 'of', 'halpha', 's', 'ii', 'and', 'o', 'iii', 'emission', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'morphology', 'of', 'the', 'remnant', 'and', 'calculate', 'the', 'rms', 'electron', 'densities', 'in', 'different', 'regions', 'we', 'detect', 'an', 'offset', 'of', 'o', 'iii', 'and', 'halpha', 'emission', 'of', 'about', '05', 'arcsec', 'and', 'discuss', 'possible', 'scenarios', 'that', 'could', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'such', 'high', 'values', 'the', 'kinematics', 'of', 'the', 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708.1516 | Spectral evolution of non-thermal electron distributions in intense
radiation fields | (abridged) Models of many astrophysical gamma-ray sources assume they contain
a homogeneous distribution of electrons that are injected as a power-law in
energy and evolve by interacting with radiation fields, magnetic fields and
particles in the source and by escaping. This problem is particularly
complicated if the radiation fields have higher energy density than the
magnetic field and are sufficiently energetic that inverse Compton scattering
is not limited to the Thomson regime. We present a simple, time-dependent,
semi-analytical solution of the electron kinetic equation that treats both
continuous and impulsive injection, cooling via synchrotron and inverse Compton
radiation, (taking into account Klein-Nishina effects) and energy dependent
particle escape. The kinetic equation for an arbitrary, time-dependent source
function is solved by the method of Laplace transformations. Using an
approximate expression for the energy loss rate that takes into account
synchrotron and inverse Compton losses including Klein-Nishina effects for
scattering off an isotropic photon field with either a power-law or black-body
distribution, we find explicit expressions for the cooling time and escape
probability of individual electrons. This enables the full, time-dependent
solution to be reduced to a single quadrature. From the electron distribution,
we then construct the time-dependent, multi-wavelength emission spectrum. We
compare our solutions with several limiting cases and discuss the general
appearance and temporal behaviour of spectral features (i.e., cooling breaks,
bumps etc.). As a specific example, we model the broad-band energy spectrum of
the open stellar association Westerlund-2 at different times of its evolution,
and compare it with observations.
| astro-ph | abridged models of many astrophysical gammaray sources assume they contain a homogeneous distribution of electrons that are injected as a powerlaw in energy and evolve by interacting with radiation fields magnetic fields and particles in the source and by escaping this problem is particularly complicated if the radiation fields have higher energy density than the magnetic field and are sufficiently energetic that inverse compton scattering is not limited to the thomson regime we present a simple timedependent semianalytical solution of the electron kinetic equation that treats both continuous and impulsive injection cooling via synchrotron and inverse compton radiation taking into account kleinnishina effects and energy dependent particle escape the kinetic equation for an arbitrary timedependent source function is solved by the method of laplace transformations using an approximate expression for the energy loss rate that takes into account synchrotron and inverse compton losses including kleinnishina effects for scattering off an isotropic photon field with either a powerlaw or blackbody distribution we find explicit expressions for the cooling time and escape probability of individual electrons this enables the full timedependent solution to be reduced to a single quadrature from the electron distribution we then construct the timedependent multiwavelength emission spectrum we compare our solutions with several limiting cases and discuss the general appearance and temporal behaviour of spectral features ie cooling breaks bumps etc as a specific example we model the broadband energy spectrum of the open stellar association westerlund2 at different times of its evolution and compare it with observations | [['abridged', 'models', 'of', 'many', 'astrophysical', 'gammaray', 'sources', 'assume', 'they', 'contain', 'a', 'homogeneous', 'distribution', 'of', 'electrons', 'that', 'are', 'injected', 'as', 'a', 'powerlaw', 'in', 'energy', 'and', 'evolve', 'by', 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708.1517 | The galaxy power spectrum: precision cosmology from large scale
structure? | Published galaxy power spectra from the 2dFGRS and SDSS are not in good
agreement. We revisit this issue by analyzing both the 2dFGRS and SDSS DR5
catalogues using essentially identical techniques. We confirm that the 2dFGRS
exhibits relatively more large scale power than the SDSS, or, equivalently,
SDSS has more small scale power. We demonstrate that this difference is due to
the r-band selected SDSS catalogue being dominated by more strongly clustered
red galaxies, which have a stronger scale dependent bias. The power spectra of
galaxies of the same rest frame colours from the two surveys match well. If not
accounted for, the difference between the SDSS and 2dFGRS power spectra causes
a bias in the obtained constraints on cosmological parameters which is larger
than the uncertainty with which they are determined. We also found that the
correction developed by Cole et al.(2005) to model the distortion in the shape
of the power spectrum due to non-linear evolution and scale dependent bias is
not able to reconcile the constraints obtained from the 2dFGRS and SDSS power
spectra. Intriguingly, the model is able to describe the differences between
the 2dFGRS and the much more strongly clustered LRG sample, which exhibits
greater nonlinearities. This shows that more work is needed to understand the
relation between the galaxy power spectrum and the linear perturbation theory
prediction for the power spectrum of matter fluctuations. It is therefore
important to accurately model these effects to get precise estimates of
cosmological parameters from these power spectra and from future galaxy surveys
like Pan-STARRS, or the Dark Energy Survey, which will use selection criteria
similar to the one of SDSS.
| astro-ph | published galaxy power spectra from the 2dfgrs and sdss are not in good agreement we revisit this issue by analyzing both the 2dfgrs and sdss dr5 catalogues using essentially identical techniques we confirm that the 2dfgrs exhibits relatively more large scale power than the sdss or equivalently sdss has more small scale power we demonstrate that this difference is due to the rband selected sdss catalogue being dominated by more strongly clustered red galaxies which have a stronger scale dependent bias the power spectra of galaxies of the same rest frame colours from the two surveys match well if not accounted for the difference between the sdss and 2dfgrs power spectra causes a bias in the obtained constraints on cosmological parameters which is larger than the uncertainty with which they are determined we also found that the correction developed by cole et al2005 to model the distortion in the shape of the power spectrum due to nonlinear evolution and scale dependent bias is not able to reconcile the constraints obtained from the 2dfgrs and sdss power spectra intriguingly the model is able to describe the differences between the 2dfgrs and the much more strongly clustered lrg sample which exhibits greater nonlinearities this shows that more work is needed to understand the relation between the galaxy power spectrum and the linear perturbation theory prediction for the power spectrum of matter fluctuations it is therefore important to accurately model these effects to get precise estimates of cosmological parameters from these power spectra and from future galaxy surveys like panstarrs or the dark energy survey which will use selection criteria similar to the one of sdss | [['published', 'galaxy', 'power', 'spectra', 'from', 'the', '2dfgrs', 'and', 'sdss', 'are', 'not', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'we', 'revisit', 'this', 'issue', 'by', 'analyzing', 'both', 'the', '2dfgrs', 'and', 'sdss', 'dr5', 'catalogues', 'using', 'essentially', 'identical', 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'by', 'cole', 'et', 'al2005', 'to', 'model', 'the', 'distortion', 'in', 'the', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'power', 'spectrum', 'due', 'to', 'nonlinear', 'evolution', 'and', 'scale', 'dependent', 'bias', 'is', 'not', 'able', 'to', 'reconcile', 'the', 'constraints', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', '2dfgrs', 'and', 'sdss', 'power', 'spectra', 'intriguingly', 'the', 'model', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'differences', 'between', 'the', '2dfgrs', 'and', 'the', 'much', 'more', 'strongly', 'clustered', 'lrg', 'sample', 'which', 'exhibits', 'greater', 'nonlinearities', 'this', 'shows', 'that', 'more', 'work', 'is', 'needed', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'galaxy', 'power', 'spectrum', 'and', 'the', 'linear', 'perturbation', 'theory', 'prediction', 'for', 'the', 'power', 'spectrum', 'of', 'matter', 'fluctuations', 'it', 'is', 'therefore', 'important', 'to', 'accurately', 'model', 'these', 'effects', 'to', 'get', 'precise', 'estimates', 'of', 'cosmological', 'parameters', 'from', 'these', 'power', 'spectra', 'and', 'from', 'future', 'galaxy', 'surveys', 'like', 'panstarrs', 'or', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'survey', 'which', 'will', 'use', 'selection', 'criteria', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'one', 'of', 'sdss']] | [-0.03216457815845958, 0.0634933350259786, -0.11669815576617391, 0.13218340885547422, -0.13539377608142056, -0.09089482757825773, 0.0095174467040144, 0.37236727875121783, -0.2090756979944942, -0.35842993479024193, 0.05432571860195748, -0.3501555594417775, -0.07414686629777235, 0.2334426638590097, -0.03555362521467778, -0.0067413117729755116, 0.029363643783980455, -0.062222962255756825, -0.01828495588071726, -0.29517849780714667, 0.31006160300845903, 0.12924164135500296, 0.2881681611266792, -0.06110827554650127, 0.04481142194090486, -0.05484897571431657, -0.13232233692425382, 0.0659230701546884, -0.168326859465193, 0.07191556591485992, 0.2332647688943345, 0.09729012271607697, 0.22898094985214482, -0.3331822323962914, 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-0.24152000237174415, 0.00758309984296533, -0.1807403047654382, 0.051702119961998, -0.10846311336378106, -0.11138457394181153, 0.3927314577883471, 0.1582331024451461, 0.23894797320443123, 0.0984373910454078, 0.3480824310257485, 0.10824191007565284, 0.11349251012914785, 0.05630094449687408, 0.3071565032316604, 0.11743967305619829, 0.10471524247275359, -0.2264270736156168, 0.03211163262915098, -0.01713957105332136] |
708.1518 | Cluster Structure in Cosmological Simulations I: Correlation to
Observables, Mass Estimates, and Evolution | We use Enzo, a hybrid Eulerian AMR/N-body code including non-gravitational
heating and cooling, to explore the morphology of the X-ray gas in clusters of
galaxies and its evolution in current generation cosmological simulations. We
employ and compare two observationally motivated structure measures: power
ratios and centroid shift. Overall, the structure of our simulated clusters
compares remarkably well to low-redshift observations, although some
differences remain that may point to incomplete gas physics. We find no
dependence on cluster structure in the mass-observable scaling relations, T_X-M
and Y_X-M, when using the true cluster masses. However, estimates of the total
mass based on the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, as assumed in
observational studies, are systematically low. We show that the hydrostatic
mass bias strongly correlates with cluster structure and, more weakly, with
cluster mass. When the hydrostatic masses are used, the mass-observable scaling
relations and gas mass fractions depend significantly on cluster morphology,
and the true relations are not recovered even if the most relaxed clusters are
used. We show that cluster structure, via the power ratios, can be used to
effectively correct the hydrostatic mass estimates and mass-scaling relations,
suggesting that we can calibrate for this systematic effect in cosmological
studies. Similar to observational studies, we find that cluster structure,
particularly centroid shift, evolves with redshift. This evolution is mild but
will lead to additional errors at high redshift. Projection along the line of
sight leads to significant uncertainty in the structure of individual clusters:
less than 50% of clusters which appear relaxed in projection based on our
structure measures are truly relaxed.
| astro-ph | we use enzo a hybrid eulerian amrnbody code including nongravitational heating and cooling to explore the morphology of the xray gas in clusters of galaxies and its evolution in current generation cosmological simulations we employ and compare two observationally motivated structure measures power ratios and centroid shift overall the structure of our simulated clusters compares remarkably well to lowredshift observations although some differences remain that may point to incomplete gas physics we find no dependence on cluster structure in the massobservable scaling relations t_xm and y_xm when using the true cluster masses however estimates of the total mass based on the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium as assumed in observational studies are systematically low we show that the hydrostatic mass bias strongly correlates with cluster structure and more weakly with cluster mass when the hydrostatic masses are used the massobservable scaling relations and gas mass fractions depend significantly on cluster morphology and the true relations are not recovered even if the most relaxed clusters are used we show that cluster structure via the power ratios can be used to effectively correct the hydrostatic mass estimates and massscaling relations suggesting that we can calibrate for this systematic effect in cosmological studies similar to observational studies we find that cluster structure particularly centroid shift evolves with redshift this evolution is mild but will lead to additional errors at high redshift projection along the line of sight leads to significant uncertainty in the structure of individual clusters less than 50 of clusters which appear relaxed in projection based on our structure measures are truly relaxed | [['we', 'use', 'enzo', 'a', 'hybrid', 'eulerian', 'amrnbody', 'code', 'including', 'nongravitational', 'heating', 'and', 'cooling', 'to', 'explore', 'the', 'morphology', 'of', 'the', 'xray', 'gas', 'in', 'clusters', 'of', 'galaxies', 'and', 'its', 'evolution', 'in', 'current', 'generation', 'cosmological', 'simulations', 'we', 'employ', 'and', 'compare', 'two', 'observationally', 'motivated', 'structure', 'measures', 'power', 'ratios', 'and', 'centroid', 'shift', 'overall', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'our', 'simulated', 'clusters', 'compares', 'remarkably', 'well', 'to', 'lowredshift', 'observations', 'although', 'some', 'differences', 'remain', 'that', 'may', 'point', 'to', 'incomplete', 'gas', 'physics', 'we', 'find', 'no', 'dependence', 'on', 'cluster', 'structure', 'in', 'the', 'massobservable', 'scaling', 'relations', 't_xm', 'and', 'y_xm', 'when', 'using', 'the', 'true', 'cluster', 'masses', 'however', 'estimates', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'mass', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'assumption', 'of', 'hydrostatic', 'equilibrium', 'as', 'assumed', 'in', 'observational', 'studies', 'are', 'systematically', 'low', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'hydrostatic', 'mass', 'bias', 'strongly', 'correlates', 'with', 'cluster', 'structure', 'and', 'more', 'weakly', 'with', 'cluster', 'mass', 'when', 'the', 'hydrostatic', 'masses', 'are', 'used', 'the', 'massobservable', 'scaling', 'relations', 'and', 'gas', 'mass', 'fractions', 'depend', 'significantly', 'on', 'cluster', 'morphology', 'and', 'the', 'true', 'relations', 'are', 'not', 'recovered', 'even', 'if', 'the', 'most', 'relaxed', 'clusters', 'are', 'used', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'cluster', 'structure', 'via', 'the', 'power', 'ratios', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'effectively', 'correct', 'the', 'hydrostatic', 'mass', 'estimates', 'and', 'massscaling', 'relations', 'suggesting', 'that', 'we', 'can', 'calibrate', 'for', 'this', 'systematic', 'effect', 'in', 'cosmological', 'studies', 'similar', 'to', 'observational', 'studies', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'cluster', 'structure', 'particularly', 'centroid', 'shift', 'evolves', 'with', 'redshift', 'this', 'evolution', 'is', 'mild', 'but', 'will', 'lead', 'to', 'additional', 'errors', 'at', 'high', 'redshift', 'projection', 'along', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'sight', 'leads', 'to', 'significant', 'uncertainty', 'in', 'the', 'structure', 'of', 'individual', 'clusters', 'less', 'than', '50', 'of', 'clusters', 'which', 'appear', 'relaxed', 'in', 'projection', 'based', 'on', 'our', 'structure', 'measures', 'are', 'truly', 'relaxed']] | [-0.07865262042095482, 0.10672512943191188, -0.09684462766554099, 0.13420241224882012, -0.08782798821343879, -0.05331538336056655, 0.05995823799868017, 0.4363172718802014, -0.2347180056498066, -0.3500775359067562, 0.0693005004912996, -0.25792511860735745, -0.061693017056362855, 0.19656401694640804, -0.006910675273611278, 0.011775519139929873, 0.06483688024519925, -0.03353200840824877, -0.11749811151186741, -0.2638907349155137, 0.34418504573512665, 0.10076974738932225, 0.25405988726238127, -0.009336397891439871, 0.038476089768482075, -0.06617023753771796, -0.07016325928630401, 0.07367329252220808, -0.16071529828287184, 0.05102480358815425, 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708.1519 | Classical Theory of Optical Nonlinearity in Conducting Nanoparticles | We develop a classical theory of electron confinement in conducting
nanoparticles. The theory is used to compute the nonlinear optical response of
the nanoparticle to a harmonic external field.
| physics.optics physics.class-ph | we develop a classical theory of electron confinement in conducting nanoparticles the theory is used to compute the nonlinear optical response of the nanoparticle to a harmonic external field | [['we', 'develop', 'a', 'classical', 'theory', 'of', 'electron', 'confinement', 'in', 'conducting', 'nanoparticles', 'the', 'theory', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'optical', 'response', 'of', 'the', 'nanoparticle', 'to', 'a', 'harmonic', 'external', 'field']] | [-0.10420753215921336, 0.1577941108944601, -0.1062427186246576, 0.05140072087644888, -0.04277162003363001, -0.12034575265414756, 0.00887574026650139, 0.3917614934516364, -0.2569411703353298, -0.2591430639912342, -0.0012088723255899445, -0.26366594164022084, -0.1898048359515338, 0.16298619233842554, -0.013263681261190053, 0.0827297522076245, -0.07308364876321163, 0.016974866004853414, -0.016105689477689308, -0.15665177069604397, 0.22091362146853372, 0.03501213961762601, 0.28257357406205147, 0.07732195773258291, 0.08261903092778962, 0.09239178207092757, 0.04348014083144994, 0.06835606976829726, -0.1333097091972314, 0.20661057573582592, 0.2558100425220769, -0.06105047816025286, 0.2916152759872634, -0.5321463000286242, -0.24636285055171828, 0.012873619088325006, 0.09740483089639194, 0.19254536952438026, -0.07333871436401687, -0.19468139664366327, 0.028294215364188982, -0.11620850439568789, -0.22195693150419613, -0.07205890979746292, -0.018067549910107308, 0.039273719592341064, -0.3276185801830785, 0.04757196953969783, 0.05411725420633267, 0.08616575544121964, -0.10531813535710861, 0.024939027903922672, 0.046344046898443125, 0.09610257795530147, 0.016174255798024863, 0.0633854054653182, 0.26042515933834787, -0.15524747665843058, -0.10337368019952856, 0.393413372723193, -0.11583990446323979, -0.19383793298540444, 0.1885054630452189, -0.176417232041472, 0.019531728796147067, 0.12827678056883401, 0.2185632204958077, 0.13168605513356882, -0.14728058768629, 0.10037494826548059, -0.0028487568046769193, 0.2028632997334453, 0.043484024703502655, 0.00996816498709136, 0.22827722556118307, 0.15772918483306622, 0.01272521553368404, 0.22884583755813795, -0.09393382709922976, -0.052393040266530265, -0.23439232850896902, -0.16578168165067148, -0.20176303887675548, 0.07877126064729588, -0.045841346318223355, -0.2828705259438219, 0.4121164766076053, 0.1345054512775246, 0.06780397941775877, -0.03636709175168954, 0.28510875409019404, 0.172764564446848, 0.03377276010297496, -0.021992936168379825, 0.32057274518341855, 0.2715222876647423, 0.11547972602320128, -0.2978675120895536, -0.10614399947547193, 0.08035911179693608] |
708.152 | Coulomb blockade in a Si channel gated by an Al single-electron
transistor | We incorporate an Al-AlO_x-Al single-electron transistor as the gate of a
narrow (~100 nm) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
Near the MOSFET channel conductance threshold, we observe oscillations in the
conductance associated with Coulomb blockade in the channel, revealing the
formation of a Si single-electron transistor. Abrupt steps present in sweeps of
the Al transistor conductance versus gate voltage are correlated with
single-electron charging events in the Si transistor, and vice versa. Analysis
of these correlations using a simple electrostatic model demonstrates that the
two single-electron transistor islands are closely aligned, with an
inter-island capacitance approximately equal to 1/3 of the total capacitance of
the Si transistor island, indicating that the Si transistor is strongly coupled
to the Al transistor.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we incorporate an alalo_xal singleelectron transistor as the gate of a narrow 100 nm metaloxidesemiconductor fieldeffect transistor mosfet near the mosfet channel conductance threshold we observe oscillations in the conductance associated with coulomb blockade in the channel revealing the formation of a si singleelectron transistor abrupt steps present in sweeps of the al transistor conductance versus gate voltage are correlated with singleelectron charging events in the si transistor and vice versa analysis of these correlations using a simple electrostatic model demonstrates that the two singleelectron transistor islands are closely aligned with an interisland capacitance approximately equal to 13 of the total capacitance of the si transistor island indicating that the si transistor is strongly coupled to the al transistor | [['we', 'incorporate', 'an', 'alalo_xal', 'singleelectron', 'transistor', 'as', 'the', 'gate', 'of', 'a', 'narrow', '100', 'nm', 'metaloxidesemiconductor', 'fieldeffect', 'transistor', 'mosfet', 'near', 'the', 'mosfet', 'channel', 'conductance', 'threshold', 'we', 'observe', 'oscillations', 'in', 'the', 'conductance', 'associated', 'with', 'coulomb', 'blockade', 'in', 'the', 'channel', 'revealing', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'a', 'si', 'singleelectron', 'transistor', 'abrupt', 'steps', 'present', 'in', 'sweeps', 'of', 'the', 'al', 'transistor', 'conductance', 'versus', 'gate', 'voltage', 'are', 'correlated', 'with', 'singleelectron', 'charging', 'events', 'in', 'the', 'si', 'transistor', 'and', 'vice', 'versa', 'analysis', 'of', 'these', 'correlations', 'using', 'a', 'simple', 'electrostatic', 'model', 'demonstrates', 'that', 'the', 'two', 'singleelectron', 'transistor', 'islands', 'are', 'closely', 'aligned', 'with', 'an', 'interisland', 'capacitance', 'approximately', 'equal', 'to', '13', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'capacitance', 'of', 'the', 'si', 'transistor', 'island', 'indicating', 'that', 'the', 'si', 'transistor', 'is', 'strongly', 'coupled', 'to', 'the', 'al', 'transistor']] | [-0.2162382727505506, 0.11517509364375274, 0.02278316870418342, -0.03070503527576401, 0.06833037083279811, -0.31683464237770553, 0.11146336543264196, 0.4086661990653692, -0.20901193029145484, -0.3251721754106654, -0.12423211780274991, -0.3232368650384435, -0.1528844152872662, 0.21950570652222245, -0.05659830262258399, -0.0253045470884242, -0.00727835193104228, -0.08715514266597373, -0.032212259122679214, -0.19376229048714416, 0.1786536713514258, 0.10356957226709909, 0.3556563832851894, 0.09299278432090509, 0.06238795251452497, -0.05250499222208472, 0.13966963430005713, 0.04547098235172384, -0.1102148481434849, 0.00919271692508409, 0.25097537018943716, -0.1212592795765137, 0.19576754629956322, -0.5283106575023477, -0.1266337600027939, -0.0986178492855265, 0.11831002144002113, 0.14823157145414784, -0.034265449071036916, -0.27513307111118646, 0.09520884954268817, -0.18817045610249356, -0.015533137424778538, 0.07321253444895759, 0.019568542859853565, 0.03505696371949019, -0.23201234195725756, 0.07343543673075047, 0.0457526998782233, 0.013422149476133474, -0.01222090846702394, -0.10508065486616384, -0.053113451567987184, -0.0006268030820520079, -0.11896704435407207, -0.021237733472576913, 0.3373949430616839, -0.07841260542753072, -0.19853834183338812, 0.22237535189258076, -0.05660623164985431, -0.09085014771607493, 0.106717970418869, -0.2205900349991764, 0.041458143782214955, 0.14391072276791855, 0.07460013526577909, 0.08069796617995917, -0.16748362120843546, 0.0885853921938805, 0.03731739366067057, 0.18852662182405217, 0.09640348500752148, 0.10207120562363572, 0.2812979373486102, 0.2646204732170626, 0.08087492443840294, 0.13844964875518775, -0.2341678326899585, -0.03040952738394037, -0.276212051191647, -0.17042903144679525, -0.17336038723118416, 0.17310253233147957, -0.03803094728454114, -0.287930101751029, 0.4462100269711682, 0.17129914082211106, 0.1720010648352415, -0.04804206562635465, 0.30183132518740263, 0.2024040694628302, 0.11184255046253445, -0.022307935284309778, 0.19094440733090418, 0.22953628106903629, 0.13328602217419558, -0.3448315926811838, 0.07067952451624852, -0.1058466217613646] |
708.1521 | Spectroscopy of horizontal branch stars in NGC6752 - Anomalous results
on atmospheric parameters and masses | We used the ESO VLT-FORS2 facility to collect low-resolution spectra of 51
targets distributed along the Horizontal Branch. We determined atmospheric
parameters by comparison with theoretical models through standard fitting
routines, and masses by basic equations. Results are in general in good
agreement with previous works, although not always with theoretical
expectations for cooler stars (Teff<15000 K). The calculated color excess is
systematically lower than literature values, pointing towards a possible
underestimation of effective temperatures. Moreover, we find two groups of
stars at Teff=14000 K and at Teff=27000$ K that present anomalies with respect
to the general trend and expectations. We suppose that the three peculiar
bright stars at Teff=14000 K are probably affected by an enhanced stellar wind.
For the eight Extreme Horizontal Branch stars at Teff=27000 K which show
unusually high masses we find no plausible explanation. While most of our
results agree well with the predictions of standard horizontal branch
evolution, we still have problems with the low masses we derive in certain
temperature ranges. We believe that Kurucz ATLAS9 LTE model atmospheres with
solar-scaled abundances are probably inadequate for these temperature ranges.
Concerning the group of anomalous stars at Teff=27000 K, a Kolmogorov-Smirnov
test indicates that there is only an 8.4% probability that these stars are
randomly drawn from the general distribution in the color-magnitude diagram.
This is not conclusive but points out that these stars could be both (and
independently) spectroscopically and photometrically peculiar with respect to
the general Extreme Horizontal Branch population.
| astro-ph | we used the eso vltfors2 facility to collect lowresolution spectra of 51 targets distributed along the horizontal branch we determined atmospheric parameters by comparison with theoretical models through standard fitting routines and masses by basic equations results are in general in good agreement with previous works although not always with theoretical expectations for cooler stars teff15000 k the calculated color excess is systematically lower than literature values pointing towards a possible underestimation of effective temperatures moreover we find two groups of stars at teff14000 k and at teff27000 k that present anomalies with respect to the general trend and expectations we suppose that the three peculiar bright stars at teff14000 k are probably affected by an enhanced stellar wind for the eight extreme horizontal branch stars at teff27000 k which show unusually high masses we find no plausible explanation while most of our results agree well with the predictions of standard horizontal branch evolution we still have problems with the low masses we derive in certain temperature ranges we believe that kurucz atlas9 lte model atmospheres with solarscaled abundances are probably inadequate for these temperature ranges concerning the group of anomalous stars at teff27000 k a kolmogorovsmirnov test indicates that there is only an 84 probability that these stars are randomly drawn from the general distribution in the colormagnitude diagram this is not conclusive but points out that these stars could be both and independently spectroscopically and photometrically peculiar with respect to the general extreme horizontal branch population | [['we', 'used', 'the', 'eso', 'vltfors2', 'facility', 'to', 'collect', 'lowresolution', 'spectra', 'of', '51', 'targets', 'distributed', 'along', 'the', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'we', 'determined', 'atmospheric', 'parameters', 'by', 'comparison', 'with', 'theoretical', 'models', 'through', 'standard', 'fitting', 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708.1522 | Electron Thermal Microscopy | The progress of semiconductor electronics toward ever-smaller length scales
and associated higher power densities brings a need for new high-resolution
thermal microscopy techniques. Traditional thermal microscopy is performed by
detecting infrared radiation with far-field optics, where the resolution is
limited by the wavelength of the light. By adopting a serial, local-probe
approach, near-field and scanned-probe microscopies can surpass this limit but
sacrifice imaging speed. In the same way that electron microscopy was invented
to overcome the resolution limits of light microscopy, we here demonstrate a
thermal imaging technique that uses an electron microscope to overcome the
limits of infrared thermal microscopy, without compromising imaging speed. With
this new technique, which we call electron thermal microscopy, temperature is
resolved by detecting the liquid-solid transition of arrays of nanoscale
islands, producing thermal maps in real-time (30 thermal images per second over
a 16um^2 field-of-view). The experimental demonstration is supported by
combined electrical and thermal modeling.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the progress of semiconductor electronics toward eversmaller length scales and associated higher power densities brings a need for new highresolution thermal microscopy techniques traditional thermal microscopy is performed by detecting infrared radiation with farfield optics where the resolution is limited by the wavelength of the light by adopting a serial localprobe approach nearfield and scannedprobe microscopies can surpass this limit but sacrifice imaging speed in the same way that electron microscopy was invented to overcome the resolution limits of light microscopy we here demonstrate a thermal imaging technique that uses an electron microscope to overcome the limits of infrared thermal microscopy without compromising imaging speed with this new technique which we call electron thermal microscopy temperature is resolved by detecting the liquidsolid transition of arrays of nanoscale islands producing thermal maps in realtime 30 thermal images per second over a 16um2 fieldofview the experimental demonstration is supported by combined electrical and thermal modeling | [['the', 'progress', 'of', 'semiconductor', 'electronics', 'toward', 'eversmaller', 'length', 'scales', 'and', 'associated', 'higher', 'power', 'densities', 'brings', 'a', 'need', 'for', 'new', 'highresolution', 'thermal', 'microscopy', 'techniques', 'traditional', 'thermal', 'microscopy', 'is', 'performed', 'by', 'detecting', 'infrared', 'radiation', 'with', 'farfield', 'optics', 'where', 'the', 'resolution', 'is', 'limited', 'by', 'the', 'wavelength', 'of', 'the', 'light', 'by', 'adopting', 'a', 'serial', 'localprobe', 'approach', 'nearfield', 'and', 'scannedprobe', 'microscopies', 'can', 'surpass', 'this', 'limit', 'but', 'sacrifice', 'imaging', 'speed', 'in', 'the', 'same', 'way', 'that', 'electron', 'microscopy', 'was', 'invented', 'to', 'overcome', 'the', 'resolution', 'limits', 'of', 'light', 'microscopy', 'we', 'here', 'demonstrate', 'a', 'thermal', 'imaging', 'technique', 'that', 'uses', 'an', 'electron', 'microscope', 'to', 'overcome', 'the', 'limits', 'of', 'infrared', 'thermal', 'microscopy', 'without', 'compromising', 'imaging', 'speed', 'with', 'this', 'new', 'technique', 'which', 'we', 'call', 'electron', 'thermal', 'microscopy', 'temperature', 'is', 'resolved', 'by', 'detecting', 'the', 'liquidsolid', 'transition', 'of', 'arrays', 'of', 'nanoscale', 'islands', 'producing', 'thermal', 'maps', 'in', 'realtime', '30', 'thermal', 'images', 'per', 'second', 'over', 'a', '16um2', 'fieldofview', 'the', 'experimental', 'demonstration', 'is', 'supported', 'by', 'combined', 'electrical', 'and', 'thermal', 'modeling']] | [-0.08163480626535602, 0.15400952847429786, -0.09867325107150368, -0.011440364970200645, -0.05277896412850456, -0.14847397305359328, 0.047679440103820525, 0.4142464650978677, -0.27624637647960826, -0.3337039360286374, 0.06886256896694631, -0.29986633046064526, -0.10300502018684424, 0.2808783628911203, -0.0612616266099442, 0.08038599648946394, 0.03096440360317693, -0.11253961817802567, -0.03206724371442473, -0.14558941043689724, 0.2288570792818638, 0.1595442929335006, 0.3328300420145847, 0.11246540411804362, 0.1490958808464807, 0.04498266742111331, -0.03846603434593769, 0.05089751860558815, -0.11562896553493231, 0.11682255558882484, 0.23233321106281915, 0.027126287569684025, 0.24400143676872463, -0.5115342642621774, -0.27853024133946747, 0.029195377482593404, 0.15524715268494269, 0.08624032189024881, -0.09184655417553395, -0.2409657395726658, 0.047503107184495186, -0.08547565594122525, -0.145911145796019, -0.10695416420257013, -0.07305209286201525, -0.00861081410364836, -0.21349037414122568, 0.09279719655904428, -0.018038629727303294, 0.1041697613821414, -0.05822909360071399, -0.013352055076546477, 0.03698411025719619, 0.07867301139432177, -0.05269143337040747, 0.023514834038092215, 0.21268166345314393, -0.17499909018270524, -0.12783969981032178, 0.34236581268181143, -0.06862407272657085, -0.07332745307633702, 0.1774976838948389, -0.19503652156440934, -0.04772868518423485, 0.22043758027384205, 0.08032662149296237, 0.13470287249717666, -0.19475680988551558, 0.05830563322869191, 0.02498011535192889, 0.25486210931481573, 0.15900354606932715, 0.09112358827290959, 0.24149669456834855, 0.2296543621494876, 0.04221157890769016, 0.13259578056290353, -0.24782012827046473, 0.027206522994674742, -0.16000343267392295, -0.17454542652520008, -0.20940597715640538, 0.06658192209158044, -0.062315087933663894, -0.10586544216647253, 0.3186404478328768, 0.2172821241669896, 0.13478062510809027, -0.006421932085925762, 0.4519143452926073, 0.09778841867840751, 0.10544440998407816, -0.038757657577087615, 0.25892574465481294, 0.1328541632599234, 0.1744844189318093, -0.26052355424192347, -0.007870455407292434, -0.0042680575248883355] |
708.1523 | Chemical Complexity in Galaxies | ALMA will be able to detect a broad spectrum of molecular lines in galaxies.
Current aperture synthesis observations indicate that the molecular line
emission from galaxies is remarkably variable, even on kpc scales. Imaging
spectroscopy at resolutions of an arcsecond or better will reduce the chemical
complexity by allowing regions of physical conditions to be defined and
classified.
| astro-ph | alma will be able to detect a broad spectrum of molecular lines in galaxies current aperture synthesis observations indicate that the molecular line emission from galaxies is remarkably variable even on kpc scales imaging spectroscopy at resolutions of an arcsecond or better will reduce the chemical complexity by allowing regions of physical conditions to be defined and classified | [['alma', 'will', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'detect', 'a', 'broad', 'spectrum', 'of', 'molecular', 'lines', 'in', 'galaxies', 'current', 'aperture', 'synthesis', 'observations', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'molecular', 'line', 'emission', 'from', 'galaxies', 'is', 'remarkably', 'variable', 'even', 'on', 'kpc', 'scales', 'imaging', 'spectroscopy', 'at', 'resolutions', 'of', 'an', 'arcsecond', 'or', 'better', 'will', 'reduce', 'the', 'chemical', 'complexity', 'by', 'allowing', 'regions', 'of', 'physical', 'conditions', 'to', 'be', 'defined', 'and', 'classified']] | [-0.04679817397695372, 0.05514731842864923, -0.06716325215128219, 0.053472770243513816, -0.08181528014468094, -0.13074747065146422, 0.027363345267829197, 0.4782032906238375, -0.19968553027138114, -0.3373633476359577, 0.10761378251682517, -0.22782465376377362, -0.01848020869034246, 0.20275772593770947, -0.020272943046714724, -0.047070510187668016, 0.04731876191739314, -0.1623241367252094, -0.043891837386864016, -0.21358192159697928, 0.2726533404583561, 0.1429993130411182, 0.16652718123755064, 0.012821766668288359, 0.04694106441055392, -0.1647797963453521, -0.08093646592621145, 0.037098798483353235, -0.10933548377102727, 0.0592615123484926, 0.3269543396630164, 0.14922286901655124, 0.18300458364156558, -0.39008796361580106, -0.25207703539716275, 0.059216702212418974, 0.2252183636200839, 0.05315620299621389, 0.023162036698616655, -0.3133686413217721, 0.08533711085930981, -0.08015531142531283, -0.1982056047398083, 0.0008491693819262858, 0.0012907861603488181, 0.04456748209034639, -0.23207799708149557, 0.07390791177749634, -0.04848329107285124, 0.14416085366673512, -0.08145920379922308, -0.08349505270799172, -0.05202470717405708, 0.108727454462747, -0.08160808780792586, 0.05994093893416997, 0.23130489005867777, -0.155090580389289, -0.07534346475811868, 0.40224896079523426, -0.0465103204057006, -0.06181663882533281, 0.2633329380688996, -0.22613175703485594, -0.17929537117417002, 0.21667385797401698, 0.14274612546031332, 0.11882488853057269, -0.11406041800590425, 0.006650146111998515, 0.007143191399116968, 0.3086669788021466, 0.0587993250870756, 0.0983644950821803, 0.31000306004465655, 0.10305727258774228, 0.09519872631363828, 0.083858590748699, -0.252465964531815, -0.015128182488140362, -0.19949409245224348, -0.11591807638840942, -0.1614889932860588, 0.11069607173076607, -0.09817353996487359, -0.06959894435191206, 0.3664340292954625, 0.1497920797174347, 0.23113249030349584, 0.05926175873148544, 0.3113041018489106, 0.05914469013504427, 0.1677599044934172, 0.032192419628323664, 0.24446020553145428, 0.14736227987029044, 0.09391660404648504, -0.22038560622002415, 0.02607737618883879, -0.05049624395203488] |
708.1524 | Discovery of Two Dust Pillars near the Galactic Plane | We report the discovery of two dust pillars using GLIMPSE archival images
obtained with the Infrared Array Camera on board the Spitzer Space Telescope.
They are located close to the Galactic molecular cloud GRSMC45.453+0.060 and
they appear to be aligned with the ionizing region associated with
GRSMC45.478+0.131. Our three colour mosaics show that these stellar incubators
present different morphologies as seen from planet Earth. One of them shows the
unquestionable existence of young stellar objects in its head, whose influence
on the original cocoon is evident, while the other presents a well defined
bright-rimmed ionizing front. We argue that second-generation star formation
has been triggered in these protuberances by the action of massive stars
present in the nearby H II regions.
| astro-ph | we report the discovery of two dust pillars using glimpse archival images obtained with the infrared array camera on board the spitzer space telescope they are located close to the galactic molecular cloud grsmc454530060 and they appear to be aligned with the ionizing region associated with grsmc454780131 our three colour mosaics show that these stellar incubators present different morphologies as seen from planet earth one of them shows the unquestionable existence of young stellar objects in its head whose influence on the original cocoon is evident while the other presents a well defined brightrimmed ionizing front we argue that secondgeneration star formation has been triggered in these protuberances by the action of massive stars present in the nearby h ii regions | [['we', 'report', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'two', 'dust', 'pillars', 'using', 'glimpse', 'archival', 'images', 'obtained', 'with', 'the', 'infrared', 'array', 'camera', 'on', 'board', 'the', 'spitzer', 'space', 'telescope', 'they', 'are', 'located', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'galactic', 'molecular', 'cloud', 'grsmc454530060', 'and', 'they', 'appear', 'to', 'be', 'aligned', 'with', 'the', 'ionizing', 'region', 'associated', 'with', 'grsmc454780131', 'our', 'three', 'colour', 'mosaics', 'show', 'that', 'these', 'stellar', 'incubators', 'present', 'different', 'morphologies', 'as', 'seen', 'from', 'planet', 'earth', 'one', 'of', 'them', 'shows', 'the', 'unquestionable', 'existence', 'of', 'young', 'stellar', 'objects', 'in', 'its', 'head', 'whose', 'influence', 'on', 'the', 'original', 'cocoon', 'is', 'evident', 'while', 'the', 'other', 'presents', 'a', 'well', 'defined', 'brightrimmed', 'ionizing', 'front', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'secondgeneration', 'star', 'formation', 'has', 'been', 'triggered', 'in', 'these', 'protuberances', 'by', 'the', 'action', 'of', 'massive', 'stars', 'present', 'in', 'the', 'nearby', 'h', 'ii', 'regions']] | [-0.08337342770508013, 0.1167633436315012, -0.06527016461365112, 0.05230443625409594, -0.09717339668970774, -0.052801831586270775, 0.010569322870911233, 0.468032184033459, -0.17759096212420972, -0.36799052187844233, 0.08382444705974561, -0.27262558081351657, -0.10145445266628966, 0.1608484354742779, -0.06537522444674675, -0.06707067089986854, 0.10387059241316102, -0.04672465822072465, 0.020114063083765513, -0.2597256062215805, 0.31241435804913026, 0.047888449397125915, 0.14483218051751434, -0.041734515645290814, 0.07923137218918369, -0.11721978593860291, -0.11580860335135269, -0.0055735032780960736, -0.12538786631083887, 0.08505969651106025, 0.21934111784368815, 0.15233813801255985, 0.19074504500736303, -0.4164147498829588, -0.1921801703880314, 0.03657780446605209, 0.1843807348832801, 0.0013437347639226863, -0.09401638559339677, -0.33913962406834136, 0.04892902280020082, -0.14042983954662785, -0.19377741491140313, 0.09553963586320209, 0.018217658167196234, 0.04524552091093296, -0.17591698215726545, 0.04947024935997334, -0.0323856065016506, 0.09743824237253235, -0.12443748183114094, -0.12792704246171258, -0.09205003728514866, 0.12368062289995181, 0.003627945845085783, 0.08962311412935622, 0.2026494955957061, -0.17098713629025997, -0.04471910190612015, 0.4033540355554242, -0.03995768437279435, -0.02127037798308869, 0.27408991320872633, -0.23200118369784817, -0.17380529597104222, 0.15245601556756916, 0.12770558818157354, 0.13982023699590623, -0.145664382170291, 0.032615722039178355, -0.05172211074215524, 0.15217876867899874, 0.06538825325213936, 0.09538998066236366, 0.34062160753465, 0.11906433497318811, 0.023874256327482208, 0.18717321394228556, -0.26363698904428967, -0.07565433831744585, -0.22859233895809772, -0.10717772111734923, -0.1270337267563592, 0.04787471604009135, -0.0936965371154106, -0.14609243056322097, 0.3020569954435302, 0.10675207890977129, 0.19460235956758887, 0.004921508976453994, 0.27973392932918395, 0.018870801563147736, 0.15662963081595385, 0.11120938114086244, 0.3153177268609359, 0.06820359330882608, 0.10033021215936404, -0.20925818811984687, 0.05773958336794749, 0.024664464563193943] |
708.1525 | Using gamma-rays to probe the clumped structure of stellar winds | Gamma-rays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the
matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive X-ray binaries known as
"microquasars". The relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the
compact object and interacts with cold protons from the stellar wind, producing
pions that then quickly decay into gamma-rays. Since the resulting gamma-ray
emissivity depends on the target density, the detection of rapid variability in
microquasars with GLAST and the new generation of Cherenkov imaging arrays
could be used to probe the clumped structure of the stellar wind. In
particular, we show here that the relative fluctuation in gamma rays may scale
with the square root of the ratio of porosity length to binary separation,
\sqrt{h/a}, implying for example a ca. 10 % variation in gamma ray emission for
a quite moderate porosity, h/a ~ 0.01.
| astro-ph | gammarays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive xray binaries known as microquasars the relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the compact object and interacts with cold protons from the stellar wind producing pions that then quickly decay into gammarays since the resulting gammaray emissivity depends on the target density the detection of rapid variability in microquasars with glast and the new generation of cherenkov imaging arrays could be used to probe the clumped structure of the stellar wind in particular we show here that the relative fluctuation in gamma rays may scale with the square root of the ratio of porosity length to binary separation sqrtha implying for example a ca 10 variation in gamma ray emission for a quite moderate porosity ha 001 | [['gammarays', 'can', 'be', 'produced', 'by', 'the', 'interaction', 'of', 'a', 'relativistic', 'jet', 'and', 'the', 'matter', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'wind', 'in', 'the', 'subclass', 'of', 'massive', 'xray', 'binaries', 'known', 'as', 'microquasars', 'the', 'relativistic', 'jet', 'is', 'ejected', 'from', 'the', 'surroundings', 'of', 'the', 'compact', 'object', 'and', 'interacts', 'with', 'cold', 'protons', 'from', 'the', 'stellar', 'wind', 'producing', 'pions', 'that', 'then', 'quickly', 'decay', 'into', 'gammarays', 'since', 'the', 'resulting', 'gammaray', 'emissivity', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'target', 'density', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'rapid', 'variability', 'in', 'microquasars', 'with', 'glast', 'and', 'the', 'new', 'generation', 'of', 'cherenkov', 'imaging', 'arrays', 'could', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'probe', 'the', 'clumped', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'wind', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'here', 'that', 'the', 'relative', 'fluctuation', 'in', 'gamma', 'rays', 'may', 'scale', 'with', 'the', 'square', 'root', 'of', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'porosity', 'length', 'to', 'binary', 'separation', 'sqrtha', 'implying', 'for', 'example', 'a', 'ca', '10', 'variation', 'in', 'gamma', 'ray', 'emission', 'for', 'a', 'quite', 'moderate', 'porosity', 'ha', '001']] | [-0.05746633221613283, 0.24044406383318154, -0.0544582715931725, 0.14781221267370942, -0.0849539924954586, -0.06712713779993884, -0.016518242049513132, 0.4014439414261926, -0.25235408066659637, -0.3407826236521838, 0.010235503209417964, -0.2925419372684778, 0.011777581977294692, 0.24925912196701722, 0.0052018301125536575, -0.020082530848341763, 0.08583754630584323, -0.021275669498144523, -0.03432399069837539, -0.17061123261987793, 0.30527154827847125, 0.13842041571855757, 0.15422570296969423, 0.04561882453693196, 0.08080992678920111, -0.050795088911838565, -0.02290952177255923, -0.006846139392425828, -0.06599230332853659, 0.09157242404019579, 0.20409789783029705, 0.12824839851092415, 0.15349514355902819, -0.3761115006653341, -0.24678835834885107, 0.07266511105691208, 0.1736033381431872, -0.0035954074049038246, -0.08514017332097555, -0.26068265705471794, 0.04491924954221604, -0.2340863080893838, -0.1612055828342386, 0.0763089013556745, 0.036557205658775904, 0.08249630939862723, -0.2290463706149046, 0.07007791602270717, 0.019831752041133917, 0.008594719824341542, -0.10403005607386535, -0.05629647914188128, -0.043096216428522946, 0.043218465414598374, 0.10250124486381228, 0.05428087140486331, 0.19794015265986362, -0.18181108249060757, -0.03529286377812267, 0.43350235124429065, -0.07644281507608422, -0.08377518343032463, 0.22196004655978357, -0.2374366222259899, -0.16415568317058793, 0.22158303804008672, 0.21900169591416097, 0.10920577618939115, -0.11890237322712899, 0.020312501189005, -0.023257023335355235, 0.22167619780706677, 0.06742338865255633, 0.039962769403446015, 0.29352101915456513, 0.16017176313342277, 0.022145928068628126, 0.13248561063272787, -0.2637730752735511, 0.015806857909320307, -0.2646406100475038, -0.12814389299997625, -0.15475916580696664, 0.12669694436472967, -0.13309205303611382, -0.14192122261944815, 0.36120350011261115, 0.07670905365004263, 0.17722125537198116, -0.0013729251577710429, 0.2859666959798716, 0.07684370019086735, 0.05557247276206547, 0.13408402813221196, 0.35100233787340474, 0.16334773251928839, 0.10540625746593091, -0.2455556028991515, 0.09444605912815066, 0.024396193507688898] |
708.1526 | Limitations on the extent of off-center displacements in TbMnO3 from
EXAFS measurements | We present EXAFS data at the Mn K and Tb L3 edges that provide upper limits
on the possible displacements of any atoms in TbMnO3. The displacements must be
less than 0.005-0.01A for all atoms which eliminates the possibility of
moderate distortions (0.02A) with a small c-axis component, but for which the
displacements in the ab plane average to zero. Assuming the polarization arises
from a displacement of the O2 atoms along the c-axis, the measured polarization
then leads to an O2 displacement that is at least 6X10^{-4}A, well below our
experimental limit. Thus a combination of the EXAFS and the measured electrical
polarization indicate that the atomic displacements likely lie in the range
6X10^{-4} - 5X10^{-3}A.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we present exafs data at the mn k and tb l3 edges that provide upper limits on the possible displacements of any atoms in tbmno3 the displacements must be less than 0005001a for all atoms which eliminates the possibility of moderate distortions 002a with a small caxis component but for which the displacements in the ab plane average to zero assuming the polarization arises from a displacement of the o2 atoms along the caxis the measured polarization then leads to an o2 displacement that is at least 6x104a well below our experimental limit thus a combination of the exafs and the measured electrical polarization indicate that the atomic displacements likely lie in the range 6x104 5x103a | [['we', 'present', 'exafs', 'data', 'at', 'the', 'mn', 'k', 'and', 'tb', 'l3', 'edges', 'that', 'provide', 'upper', 'limits', 'on', 'the', 'possible', 'displacements', 'of', 'any', 'atoms', 'in', 'tbmno3', 'the', 'displacements', 'must', 'be', 'less', 'than', '0005001a', 'for', 'all', 'atoms', 'which', 'eliminates', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'moderate', 'distortions', '002a', 'with', 'a', 'small', 'caxis', 'component', 'but', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'displacements', 'in', 'the', 'ab', 'plane', 'average', 'to', 'zero', 'assuming', 'the', 'polarization', 'arises', 'from', 'a', 'displacement', 'of', 'the', 'o2', 'atoms', 'along', 'the', 'caxis', 'the', 'measured', 'polarization', 'then', 'leads', 'to', 'an', 'o2', 'displacement', 'that', 'is', 'at', 'least', '6x104a', 'well', 'below', 'our', 'experimental', 'limit', 'thus', 'a', 'combination', 'of', 'the', 'exafs', 'and', 'the', 'measured', 'electrical', 'polarization', 'indicate', 'that', 'the', 'atomic', 'displacements', 'likely', 'lie', 'in', 'the', 'range', '6x104', '5x103a']] | [-0.11548530138108097, 0.18715990179576433, -0.007169604559229421, -0.016828987819150956, -0.004812284651312179, -0.07635021334863268, 0.09421460075100185, 0.4141254417149217, -0.30208072162765476, -0.2741934002925908, 0.04176409515639534, -0.33947139560145195, -0.042159691334485876, 0.1530866970507694, 0.06519068618321658, -0.025359095132444054, 0.018624574336822013, 0.017944385187677523, -0.09075275523615087, -0.21165876063085826, 0.22108579382100807, 0.08545933374885603, 0.2600357100932992, 0.0626430222431996, 0.07625017077017608, 0.020197408772738918, 0.07142495702802469, 0.046155741604577215, -0.0998347000972899, 0.11567398940262917, 0.2103938135883904, -0.0064746833065458176, 0.16317154136985274, -0.4317028616621558, -0.17879774915387056, 0.08306168044717717, 0.11725990348869735, 0.1492806860208345, -0.00823717794368609, -0.24114332317341386, 0.08367808569788135, -0.04040724163080865, -0.1456891340702506, -0.05547639885584691, 0.03597134809076254, 0.016575936076281193, -0.2868262900072815, 0.09968494848414723, 0.062157318633191086, 0.13680009906212426, -0.09676586342434998, -0.16325278973506233, -0.09040659023282517, 0.04983915306677643, 0.03935836755096846, 0.09098499283053181, 0.15634823854530364, -0.05469839093815868, -0.0750422212794157, 0.41810969169351403, -0.09253981302715276, -0.10735824521231864, 0.1460642091697082, -0.22980890118716552, -0.0981094273364371, 0.19904378179178042, 0.11050667827450004, 0.08843837118807382, -0.10485409622612808, 0.05111110701026129, -0.007550117709407849, 0.22466730496047863, 0.10100480141617092, 0.04450071937026223, 0.217236685836854, 0.09634118939408966, 0.10989581981474268, 0.11312951982108643, -0.1838894282097629, -0.003490713061702471, -0.3117459188589627, -0.1501238685783132, -0.1895331195160647, 0.039118456887081265, -0.11929750913545181, -0.14649072253294954, 0.334454563408404, 0.1322246153389902, 0.23927633833539272, 0.012147658660459066, 0.2727436561337007, 0.08410384142708997, 0.1123975962150975, 0.05784441544840645, 0.2935873054832752, 0.15093508920732088, 0.07234769828833773, -0.259611859175493, 0.09915834207952555, -0.032746882955377386] |
708.1527 | A Data-Parallel Version of Aleph | This is to present work on modifying the Aleph ILP system so that it
evaluates the hypothesised clauses in parallel by distributing the data-set
among the nodes of a parallel or distributed machine. The paper briefly
discusses MPI, the interface used to access message- passing libraries for
parallel computers and clusters. It then proceeds to describe an extension of
YAP Prolog with an MPI interface and an implementation of data-parallel clause
evaluation for Aleph through this interface. The paper concludes by testing the
data-parallel Aleph on artificially constructed data-sets.
| cs.AI cs.DC | this is to present work on modifying the aleph ilp system so that it evaluates the hypothesised clauses in parallel by distributing the dataset among the nodes of a parallel or distributed machine the paper briefly discusses mpi the interface used to access message passing libraries for parallel computers and clusters it then proceeds to describe an extension of yap prolog with an mpi interface and an implementation of dataparallel clause evaluation for aleph through this interface the paper concludes by testing the dataparallel aleph on artificially constructed datasets | [['this', 'is', 'to', 'present', 'work', 'on', 'modifying', 'the', 'aleph', 'ilp', 'system', 'so', 'that', 'it', 'evaluates', 'the', 'hypothesised', 'clauses', 'in', 'parallel', 'by', 'distributing', 'the', 'dataset', 'among', 'the', 'nodes', 'of', 'a', 'parallel', 'or', 'distributed', 'machine', 'the', 'paper', 'briefly', 'discusses', 'mpi', 'the', 'interface', 'used', 'to', 'access', 'message', 'passing', 'libraries', 'for', 'parallel', 'computers', 'and', 'clusters', 'it', 'then', 'proceeds', 'to', 'describe', 'an', 'extension', 'of', 'yap', 'prolog', 'with', 'an', 'mpi', 'interface', 'and', 'an', 'implementation', 'of', 'dataparallel', 'clause', 'evaluation', 'for', 'aleph', 'through', 'this', 'interface', 'the', 'paper', 'concludes', 'by', 'testing', 'the', 'dataparallel', 'aleph', 'on', 'artificially', 'constructed', 'datasets']] | [-0.13118359714411618, 0.04671146873344819, -0.06898045307548528, 0.013190448790359615, -0.10805326177257249, -0.17358884576896436, 0.06831261860285205, 0.3909709295362569, -0.3179175955703838, -0.33114288562092553, 0.06755603630529988, -0.2632602576082677, -0.05459117417726038, 0.190894200108171, -0.0270480254659785, 0.06020093551742729, 0.1456571194981591, -0.00647330550173444, -0.014475293627552939, -0.30937183344883196, 0.30083049943780504, 0.08378548850043771, 0.263296896152282, 0.04496146273391133, 0.08020888367312008, 0.054272978862203405, -0.05868356777721325, -0.025212005701627623, -0.07084419826096973, 0.1391966717763741, 0.28557026227203647, 0.2580918755403228, 0.2620936096698213, -0.4582377692391531, -0.06643140337984549, -0.006665627168637983, 0.16329437765303287, 0.07582839133019763, -0.04750249285010223, -0.30394913776244004, 0.1204835467715486, -0.18692352137203966, -0.03548266154745321, -0.05802666017095025, 0.002663026024911846, -0.021517683661626548, -0.249556508637295, -0.08764665607321129, 0.06723638584188531, 0.11362192335308352, 0.023120228908799088, -0.12207739787003591, 0.05834186402557606, 0.04090268663758558, 0.01684659331437891, 0.08595364664294076, 0.13384422289961007, -0.08018180774001593, -0.17998511957925525, 0.3566421092712854, -0.0021969273639319653, -0.1885448508592469, 0.2139207164971472, 0.04829387103071373, -0.13765229896270786, 0.02943219317730223, 0.21438321827000448, 0.07588191478502716, -0.22500848118739014, 0.14128464697258483, -0.02636206556069717, 0.2248710495592461, 0.06969168567977678, -0.07956517155522878, 0.16002463913533124, 0.21338507610509236, 0.011688007627812665, 0.2035414523319498, -0.013193257576838303, -0.09678156092093232, -0.2741123276155735, -0.2273145780030094, -0.21266884971727235, -0.08655450106964688, -0.08138392241952909, -0.19625528471732742, 0.36311235933909924, 0.22799800513207577, 0.12687981768584486, 0.09364479885363344, 0.3966605811578672, 0.0409965134445536, 0.12276963817918402, 0.18847462309398846, 0.13429047787834084, 0.039721648664975, 0.173036409453018, -0.19814685028729165, 0.08438412690263115, 0.03445519554543863] |
708.1528 | Rankin-Cohen Deformations and Representation Theory | In this paper, we use the unitary representation theory of $SL_2(\mathbb R)$
to understand the Rankin-Cohen brackets for modular forms. Then we use this
interpretation to study the corresponding deformation problems that Paula
Cohen, Yuri Manin and Don Zagier initiated. Two uniqueness results are
established.
| math.QA math.CO | in this paper we use the unitary representation theory of sl_2mathbb r to understand the rankincohen brackets for modular forms then we use this interpretation to study the corresponding deformation problems that paula cohen yuri manin and don zagier initiated two uniqueness results are established | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'unitary', 'representation', 'theory', 'of', 'sl_2mathbb', 'r', 'to', 'understand', 'the', 'rankincohen', 'brackets', 'for', 'modular', 'forms', 'then', 'we', 'use', 'this', 'interpretation', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'corresponding', 'deformation', 'problems', 'that', 'paula', 'cohen', 'yuri', 'manin', 'and', 'don', 'zagier', 'initiated', 'two', 'uniqueness', 'results', 'are', 'established']] | [-0.14579869946464896, 0.027971085706829196, -0.1254561578647958, 0.11134684132929477, -0.13379318005301885, -0.0801327396184206, -0.012855367507371637, 0.3060423507458634, -0.32663010189102754, -0.22265742369410063, 0.056526836905524964, -0.23349485324902666, -0.2992004343205028, 0.16138857754154337, -0.15932533620960182, 0.015244764824294382, 0.04587356142906679, -0.00931621815284921, -0.13067743375173047, -0.32295688243789805, 0.38592462468271455, 0.05328575691415204, 0.18704388447933726, 0.014690474627746477, 0.05438900027010176, 0.06382513914464248, -0.06828528543313345, -0.09580808312295833, -0.21186463104952255, 0.18938730474975374, 0.3045405191679796, 0.08942305760251151, 0.222367341702597, -0.38924161824915143, -0.11048968022482263, 0.1358427555610736, 0.0887119672468139, 0.00537996490796407, 0.006695792348020606, -0.2894942573789093, 0.09982412881735299, -0.22978864893731143, -0.19524318929761647, -0.13611035785741277, 0.08785780941446622, -0.03418290031970375, -0.22930538211431767, 0.0222587029553122, 0.10854462373277379, 0.0988261235670911, -0.11433464858887923, -0.09318654864198632, 0.027708917587167686, 0.04427244984027412, 0.02736468705503891, 0.02501679464864234, 0.034425854082736705, -0.056893038760042855, -0.14412538033599656, 0.29597562578403286, -0.016939414996239875, -0.18740534757574398, 0.15886381241596406, -0.13126864498481156, -0.25524787632748486, 0.008112303415934245, 0.08990254876100355, 0.11813984310461415, -0.11443645418104198, 0.17853506157666238, -0.12398371911711163, 0.014008067424098651, 0.2230854090406663, -0.08089629162309898, 0.08969208573819035, 0.04223958945108785, -0.0359773400446607, 0.11167847748535374, 0.029280419647693633, -0.07251685340371397, -0.32719920790857737, -0.22974894412586258, -0.11057725187080601, 0.13299605103416576, -0.007483815297988864, -0.10888769326524603, 0.3809881378379133, 0.173494206658668, 0.17113851708256536, 0.1263199289639791, 0.16664210802151097, 0.09058727679981125, 0.005526321409787569, 0.03950242578155465, 0.15340853552851413, 0.29301411898599733, 0.07583568568030993, -0.15443051794750823, -0.06293281803631948, 0.23324886388662788] |
708.1529 | Resolution over Linear Equations and Multilinear Proofs | We develop and study the complexity of propositional proof systems of varying
strength extending resolution by allowing it to operate with disjunctions of
linear equations instead of clauses. We demonstrate polynomial-size refutations
for hard tautologies like the pigeonhole principle, Tseitin graph tautologies
and the clique-coloring tautologies in these proof systems. Using the
(monotone) interpolation by a communication game technique we establish an
exponential-size lower bound on refutations in a certain, considerably strong,
fragment of resolution over linear equations, as well as a general polynomial
upper bound on (non-monotone) interpolants in this fragment.
We then apply these results to extend and improve previous results on
multilinear proofs (over fields of characteristic 0), as studied in
[RazTzameret06]. Specifically, we show the following:
1. Proofs operating with depth-3 multilinear formulas polynomially simulate a
certain, considerably strong, fragment of resolution over linear equations.
2. Proofs operating with depth-3 multilinear formulas admit polynomial-size
refutations of the pigeonhole principle and Tseitin graph tautologies. The
former improve over a previous result that established small multilinear proofs
only for the \emph{functional} pigeonhole principle. The latter are different
than previous proofs, and apply to multilinear proofs of Tseitin mod p graph
tautologies over any field of characteristic 0.
We conclude by connecting resolution over linear equations with extensions of
the cutting planes proof system.
| cs.CC cs.LO | we develop and study the complexity of propositional proof systems of varying strength extending resolution by allowing it to operate with disjunctions of linear equations instead of clauses we demonstrate polynomialsize refutations for hard tautologies like the pigeonhole principle tseitin graph tautologies and the cliquecoloring tautologies in these proof systems using the monotone interpolation by a communication game technique we establish an exponentialsize lower bound on refutations in a certain considerably strong fragment of resolution over linear equations as well as a general polynomial upper bound on nonmonotone interpolants in this fragment we then apply these results to extend and improve previous results on multilinear proofs over fields of characteristic 0 as studied in raztzameret06 specifically we show the following 1 proofs operating with depth3 multilinear formulas polynomially simulate a certain considerably strong fragment of resolution over linear equations 2 proofs operating with depth3 multilinear formulas admit polynomialsize refutations of the pigeonhole principle and tseitin graph tautologies the former improve over a previous result that established small multilinear proofs only for the emphfunctional pigeonhole principle the latter are different than previous proofs and apply to multilinear proofs of tseitin mod p graph tautologies over any field of characteristic 0 we conclude by connecting resolution over linear equations with extensions of the cutting planes proof system | [['we', 'develop', 'and', 'study', 'the', 'complexity', 'of', 'propositional', 'proof', 'systems', 'of', 'varying', 'strength', 'extending', 'resolution', 'by', 'allowing', 'it', 'to', 'operate', 'with', 'disjunctions', 'of', 'linear', 'equations', 'instead', 'of', 'clauses', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'polynomialsize', 'refutations', 'for', 'hard', 'tautologies', 'like', 'the', 'pigeonhole', 'principle', 'tseitin', 'graph', 'tautologies', 'and', 'the', 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708.153 | Nontrivial quantized Berry phases for itinerant spin liquids | Quantized Berry phases as local order parameters in t-J models are studied. A
texture pattern of the local order parameters is topologically stable due to
the quantization of non-Abelian Berry phases defined by low-energy states below
a spin gap, which exists in the large J/t case with a few electrons. We have
confirmed that itinerant singlets in the wide class of t-J models carry the
nontrivial Berry phase pi. In the large J/t case for the one-dimensional t-J
model, Berry phases are uniformly pi when the number of electrons is N =4n +2,
($n=0,1,2,...$).
| cond-mat.str-el | quantized berry phases as local order parameters in tj models are studied a texture pattern of the local order parameters is topologically stable due to the quantization of nonabelian berry phases defined by lowenergy states below a spin gap which exists in the large jt case with a few electrons we have confirmed that itinerant singlets in the wide class of tj models carry the nontrivial berry phase pi in the large jt case for the onedimensional tj model berry phases are uniformly pi when the number of electrons is n 4n 2 n012 | [['quantized', 'berry', 'phases', 'as', 'local', 'order', 'parameters', 'in', 'tj', 'models', 'are', 'studied', 'a', 'texture', 'pattern', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'order', 'parameters', 'is', 'topologically', 'stable', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'quantization', 'of', 'nonabelian', 'berry', 'phases', 'defined', 'by', 'lowenergy', 'states', 'below', 'a', 'spin', 'gap', 'which', 'exists', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'jt', 'case', 'with', 'a', 'few', 'electrons', 'we', 'have', 'confirmed', 'that', 'itinerant', 'singlets', 'in', 'the', 'wide', 'class', 'of', 'tj', 'models', 'carry', 'the', 'nontrivial', 'berry', 'phase', 'pi', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'jt', 'case', 'for', 'the', 'onedimensional', 'tj', 'model', 'berry', 'phases', 'are', 'uniformly', 'pi', 'when', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'electrons', 'is', 'n', '4n', '2', 'n012']] | [-0.24541312489817116, 0.32117768044291223, -0.011395268023331115, 0.06531936044438168, -0.014326421761924916, -0.1836248875070522, 0.06613694041214407, 0.31852645706385374, -0.25367372645501124, -0.2853763608182681, -0.002345631572794407, -0.3101814196227079, -0.16139382336714722, 0.0819814927514365, 0.01943585856203386, 0.027351206703547466, -0.044864542673322114, -0.00941112147584716, -0.13513714447369837, -0.2653509940744001, 0.261705405405782, -0.03866418063308687, 0.2566883175217725, 0.007912784547327047, 0.010436560294808859, 0.00488503414770945, 0.09662245282596175, -0.01885719793511832, -0.13539358044448468, -0.00823237654131322, 0.2567009445552453, -0.10468891276383495, 0.14226789289015404, -0.39125934225368375, -0.23863719162491567, 0.09532631940624499, 0.14045100474849026, 0.12810197925725159, -0.03021280667150116, -0.29685336064567114, 0.08615187513443859, -0.19079448788010694, -0.096922730080823, -0.1309855631354483, 0.035950153164486305, -0.05639534531795281, -0.2626277103133381, 0.10744497515607943, 0.06924678258439328, 0.0680688847762909, -0.04708628789918061, -0.12151213210234617, -0.09465133944684838, 0.08630398721737599, 0.07660872981997524, 0.05675864943298214, 0.041203068935886974, -0.12848061214181336, -0.13098501369476, 0.3924955990205103, -0.0552018937095009, -0.2014146682588344, 0.10376813102196505, -0.1527009832236527, -0.09241489747023963, 0.19480092663000872, 0.06546642269661769, 0.13106384173907498, -0.0827674150073398, 0.19370788179258716, -0.06625361208546351, 0.15151946099711572, -0.028744151954479675, 0.07036806910516734, 0.27553879095122535, 0.117555411287306, 0.0880095732343839, 0.1130351227450561, -0.12250994018432586, -0.13728269340193017, -0.2785172887701303, -0.14481377136953016, -0.28225942061064724, 0.05434194636194313, -0.05750817077065957, -0.17337935328721366, 0.4526450905671462, 0.08198087659362267, 0.2226468946715381, -0.051949471887944146, 0.20560269334546707, 0.11925760227468539, 0.02130531714832846, 0.07400086296207094, 0.21404611896178585, 0.1665042346031306, 0.04818433226195184, -0.2394248155599579, -0.021351481371737542, 0.1060050794101776] |
708.1531 | "Unusual" critical states in type-II superconductors | We give a theoretical description of the general critical states in which the
critical currents in type-II superconductors are not perpendicular to the local
magnetic induction. Such states frequently occur in real situations, e.g., when
the sample shape is not sufficiently symmetric or the direction of the external
magnetic field changes in some complex way. Our study is restricted to the
states in which flux-line cutting does not occur. The properties of such
general critical states can essentially differ from the well-known properties
of the usual Bean critical states. To illustrate our approach, we analyze
several examples. In particular, we consider the critical states in a slab
placed in a uniform perpendicular magnetic field and to which two components of
the in-plane magnetic field are then applied successively. We also analyze the
critical states in a long thin strip placed in a perpendicular magnetic field
which then is tilted towards the axis of the strip.
| cond-mat.supr-con | we give a theoretical description of the general critical states in which the critical currents in typeii superconductors are not perpendicular to the local magnetic induction such states frequently occur in real situations eg when the sample shape is not sufficiently symmetric or the direction of the external magnetic field changes in some complex way our study is restricted to the states in which fluxline cutting does not occur the properties of such general critical states can essentially differ from the wellknown properties of the usual bean critical states to illustrate our approach we analyze several examples in particular we consider the critical states in a slab placed in a uniform perpendicular magnetic field and to which two components of the inplane magnetic field are then applied successively we also analyze the critical states in a long thin strip placed in a perpendicular magnetic field which then is tilted towards the axis of the strip | [['we', 'give', 'a', 'theoretical', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'general', 'critical', 'states', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'critical', 'currents', 'in', 'typeii', 'superconductors', 'are', 'not', 'perpendicular', 'to', 'the', 'local', 'magnetic', 'induction', 'such', 'states', 'frequently', 'occur', 'in', 'real', 'situations', 'eg', 'when', 'the', 'sample', 'shape', 'is', 'not', 'sufficiently', 'symmetric', 'or', 'the', 'direction', 'of', 'the', 'external', 'magnetic', 'field', 'changes', 'in', 'some', 'complex', 'way', 'our', 'study', 'is', 'restricted', 'to', 'the', 'states', 'in', 'which', 'fluxline', 'cutting', 'does', 'not', 'occur', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'such', 'general', 'critical', 'states', 'can', 'essentially', 'differ', 'from', 'the', 'wellknown', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'usual', 'bean', 'critical', 'states', 'to', 'illustrate', 'our', 'approach', 'we', 'analyze', 'several', 'examples', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'consider', 'the', 'critical', 'states', 'in', 'a', 'slab', 'placed', 'in', 'a', 'uniform', 'perpendicular', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'to', 'which', 'two', 'components', 'of', 'the', 'inplane', 'magnetic', 'field', 'are', 'then', 'applied', 'successively', 'we', 'also', 'analyze', 'the', 'critical', 'states', 'in', 'a', 'long', 'thin', 'strip', 'placed', 'in', 'a', 'perpendicular', 'magnetic', 'field', 'which', 'then', 'is', 'tilted', 'towards', 'the', 'axis', 'of', 'the', 'strip']] | [-0.16681196961792247, 0.17946517146643132, -0.03777534569944105, 0.053295032264694814, -0.06221363914589728, -0.10097570966538642, 0.03532004696767657, 0.38065037049593464, -0.28084811170795754, -0.26333651564444505, 0.08519776439023835, -0.23923773198959328, -0.11344459285629133, 0.20357868756588188, -0.00720996281631796, 0.014085006641764795, -0.025268088635658065, 0.07312739279361502, -0.06148936666826147, -0.20640827342417212, 0.3401360566096921, -0.041727437529592744, 0.3256619184067653, 0.05305661193185276, -0.005369864235962591, 0.0013412014461092411, 0.0923837776896694, 0.08691400400693378, -0.13055653823239188, 0.04651133179849562, 0.21339124913417523, -0.013962575084259432, 0.22830471330352367, -0.4766373908024698, -0.17668975276512003, 0.0898678311657521, 0.15499479369168365, 0.15088505772723546, -0.043849833566515194, -0.2653383601216539, 0.07733310100081707, -0.0762639824601431, -0.1752840303215048, -0.0509966244320235, 0.002779333189790768, 0.043176915260752846, -0.2594515508089605, 0.043995997583636294, 0.10427748910602062, 0.07807994573226859, -0.08049241310406116, -0.08390456780851369, -0.04048231877686997, 0.09812773318694634, 0.0642090929379206, 0.07767013990350308, 0.16753730263200498, -0.17093591736178965, -0.09643975967210867, 0.3481037166465314, -0.025221451293046197, -0.19454371618076918, 0.19252215567150063, -0.19137326806423163, -0.1121784424844889, 0.09937417082668792, 0.1699869620163114, 0.12231760295558601, -0.10161459158041379, 0.08741362573721656, -0.044977777397199985, 0.1084426213979661, 0.02844724001423005, 0.0018046096275230088, 0.24081030178762552, 0.09633135937319527, 0.06247696571325275, 0.18665452977762587, -0.1208723250085548, -0.10974683207009107, -0.2994709868126759, -0.1678426272746536, -0.16101878936432543, 0.04843907757510146, -0.051991433942513994, -0.23495634754578915, 0.4403410037288502, 0.17183917631965973, 0.21860827834255273, -0.062155752535909416, 0.26731300967475097, 0.121566801880967, 0.07493754536995004, 0.09139991158980035, 0.28614487775184605, 0.1712795451103199, 0.09010592244552343, -0.18910158612585115, 0.0435667195387425, -0.005760233916883026] |
708.1532 | Surface plasmon polaritons assisted diffraction in periodic
subwavelength holes of metal films with reduced interplane coupling | Metal films grown on Si wafer perforated with a periodic array of
subwavelength holes have been fabricated and anomalous enhanced transmission in
the mid-infrared regime has been observed. High order transmission peaks up to
Si(2,2) are clearly revealed due to the large dielectric constant contrast of
the dielectrics at the opposite interfaces. Si(1,1) peak splits at oblique
incidence both in TE and TM polarization, which confirms that anomalous
enhanced transmission is a surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) assisted
diffraction phenomenon. Theoretical transmission spectra agree excellently with
the experimental results and confirm the role of SPPs diffraction by the
lattice.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci | metal films grown on si wafer perforated with a periodic array of subwavelength holes have been fabricated and anomalous enhanced transmission in the midinfrared regime has been observed high order transmission peaks up to si22 are clearly revealed due to the large dielectric constant contrast of the dielectrics at the opposite interfaces si11 peak splits at oblique incidence both in te and tm polarization which confirms that anomalous enhanced transmission is a surface plasmon polaritons spps assisted diffraction phenomenon theoretical transmission spectra agree excellently with the experimental results and confirm the role of spps diffraction by the lattice | [['metal', 'films', 'grown', 'on', 'si', 'wafer', 'perforated', 'with', 'a', 'periodic', 'array', 'of', 'subwavelength', 'holes', 'have', 'been', 'fabricated', 'and', 'anomalous', 'enhanced', 'transmission', 'in', 'the', 'midinfrared', 'regime', 'has', 'been', 'observed', 'high', 'order', 'transmission', 'peaks', 'up', 'to', 'si22', 'are', 'clearly', 'revealed', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'large', 'dielectric', 'constant', 'contrast', 'of', 'the', 'dielectrics', 'at', 'the', 'opposite', 'interfaces', 'si11', 'peak', 'splits', 'at', 'oblique', 'incidence', 'both', 'in', 'te', 'and', 'tm', 'polarization', 'which', 'confirms', 'that', 'anomalous', 'enhanced', 'transmission', 'is', 'a', 'surface', 'plasmon', 'polaritons', 'spps', 'assisted', 'diffraction', 'phenomenon', 'theoretical', 'transmission', 'spectra', 'agree', 'excellently', 'with', 'the', 'experimental', 'results', 'and', 'confirm', 'the', 'role', 'of', 'spps', 'diffraction', 'by', 'the', 'lattice']] | [-0.1563460999071443, 0.1817922659896188, -0.04600455206430828, -0.02367102175170051, -0.0400562953006253, -0.19850218148591617, 0.0443008115713989, 0.49323046995171654, -0.20429111756190346, -0.2943670120390986, 0.022743203247955535, -0.3804089382271438, -0.13964509992122962, 0.22586393288414305, 0.03516577622697999, 0.08482304408001558, -0.025468649138929322, -0.13324684318892346, -0.002762894182524178, -0.18035750141037474, 0.24507308817313364, 0.08845434236385093, 0.4208875360588233, 0.13283506523778973, 0.04516398835403379, -0.003071748323539699, 0.04821657999612702, 0.0207930370233953, -0.1217137967691239, 0.07252220429169635, 0.2671479080211914, -0.1452018089670067, 0.1388648160888503, -0.4673886528374472, -0.2611867845128775, -0.06057469451722378, 0.20954698641920308, 0.10264628646715816, -0.12039987255532954, -0.23981653283893442, 0.06871521360396098, -0.046392353251576424, -0.13144211717008147, 0.011847834646080932, -0.06354996204512038, -0.004042062180815265, -0.23027233037282713, 0.03754523055977188, 0.020008702762424946, 0.11137217347277328, -0.0414762441990509, -0.10614018262519191, -0.08983425367720581, 0.022590432354869943, 0.03664013720845105, -0.008207740819974182, 0.13902308714750689, -0.048335544723765146, -0.11313131642721903, 0.3446334696685274, -0.09592882825745619, -0.038563917061613516, 0.18082847116117287, -0.30336960074782837, 0.03759198022695879, 0.24795852480989802, 0.15701289554999676, 0.09325255453707844, -0.07532737724735246, 0.06691370143683646, -0.017813243796505656, 0.17738880580388164, 0.20333100945087304, 0.10666322626639158, 0.2654567255910176, 0.18202918700990267, -0.027779775965124525, 0.10349069510751481, -0.1544212038158245, 0.03218575612603066, -0.1864353492273949, -0.14024692362727365, -0.21239796401156733, 0.014042269860510714, -0.08970127013117235, -0.17871293982413286, 0.3545262268744409, 0.0558063264422041, 0.16606129078233303, -0.03465164341347796, 0.2882192102523504, 0.15420628027641214, 0.1066682613576025, -0.0075318256446432015, 0.32187753710362205, 0.18838290248337822, 0.14634395055569863, -0.3002808247547364, 0.08103355626978252, -0.08003538143627036] |
708.1533 | Magnetic fields and gas in the cluster influenced spiral galaxy NGC4254
- I. Radio and X-rays observations | Radio observations can show how cluster galaxies are affected by various
environmental factors. We made three frequency radio-polarimetric VLA
observations and performed sensitive XMM-Newton observations in X-rays and UV
light of NGC4254. The distribution of total radio intensity at 8.46 4.86 GHz
reveals a global asymmetry with a more diffuse and almost two times larger
extension to the north than to the south. The radio polarized intensity is even
more asymmetric, showing a strange bright ridge in the southern disk edge,
displaced to the downstream side of the local density wave. Magnetic arms can
be also seen in other disk portions, mostly avoiding nearby optical spiral
arms. Spatially resolved emission of hot X-ray gas from the whole galactic
disk, with its soft component closely tracing star-forming regions, is
detected. The slope of the local radio nonthermal-infrared relation is <1, thus
smaller than for the radio thermal-infrared one (>1). Using the radio thermal
emission-based star formation rate (SFR) we find higher extinction in more
Halpha luminous star-forming regions with a power-law slope of 0.83. The
galaxy's estimated mean SFR of 0.026 M_sun/yr/kpc^2 is three times larger than
in other spirals of similar Hubble type. NGC4254 seems to belong to the class
of `young' Virgo cluster members, which recently experienced a gravitational
encounter at the cluster's periphery, which perturbed its spiral arms by tidal
forces and triggered a burst of star-formation which still maintains strong
radio and infrared emissions. Tidal forces could also sheared the magnetic
field in the southern disk portion and led to the observed polarized ridge,
though, magnetic field compression by weak ram pressure forces of the cluster
gas cannot be excluded.
| astro-ph | radio observations can show how cluster galaxies are affected by various environmental factors we made three frequency radiopolarimetric vla observations and performed sensitive xmmnewton observations in xrays and uv light of ngc4254 the distribution of total radio intensity at 846 486 ghz reveals a global asymmetry with a more diffuse and almost two times larger extension to the north than to the south the radio polarized intensity is even more asymmetric showing a strange bright ridge in the southern disk edge displaced to the downstream side of the local density wave magnetic arms can be also seen in other disk portions mostly avoiding nearby optical spiral arms spatially resolved emission of hot xray gas from the whole galactic disk with its soft component closely tracing starforming regions is detected the slope of the local radio nonthermalinfrared relation is 1 thus smaller than for the radio thermalinfrared one 1 using the radio thermal emissionbased star formation rate sfr we find higher extinction in more halpha luminous starforming regions with a powerlaw slope of 083 the galaxys estimated mean sfr of 0026 m_sunyrkpc2 is three times larger than in other spirals of similar hubble type ngc4254 seems to belong to the class of young virgo cluster members which recently experienced a gravitational encounter at the clusters periphery which perturbed its spiral arms by tidal forces and triggered a burst of starformation which still maintains strong radio and infrared emissions tidal forces could also sheared the magnetic field in the southern disk portion and led to the observed polarized ridge though magnetic field compression by weak ram pressure forces of the cluster gas cannot be excluded | [['radio', 'observations', 'can', 'show', 'how', 'cluster', 'galaxies', 'are', 'affected', 'by', 'various', 'environmental', 'factors', 'we', 'made', 'three', 'frequency', 'radiopolarimetric', 'vla', 'observations', 'and', 'performed', 'sensitive', 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708.1534 | Measurement of branching fraction and CP asymmetries in B->D0(cp)K
decays | We present a preliminary study of $B^- \to D^0_{CP} \pi^-$ and $B^- \to
D^0_{CP} K^-$ decays, with the $D^0_{CP}$ reconstructed in the CP-odd
eigenstates $K_s \pi^0$, $K_s \omega$, in the CP-even eigenstates $K^+ K^-$,
$\pi^+ \pi^-$, and in the (non-CP) flavor eigenstate $K^\mp \pi^\pm$. Using a
sample of about 382 million Y(4S) decays into BBbar pairs, collected with the
BABAR detector operating at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC, we
measure the ratios of the branching fractions R_CP+- and the direct CP
asymmetries A_CP+-. The results are:
R_CP- = 0.81 \pm 0.10 (stat) \pm 0.05 (syst)
R_CP+ = 1.07 \pm 0.10 (stat) \pm 0.04 (syst)
A_CP- = -0.19 \pm 0.12 (stat) \pm 0.02 (syst)
A_CP+ = 0.35 \pm 0.09 (stat) \pm 0.05 (syst)
| hep-ex | we present a preliminary study of b to d0_cp pi and b to d0_cp k decays with the d0_cp reconstructed in the cpodd eigenstates k_s pi0 k_s omega in the cpeven eigenstates k k pi pi and in the noncp flavor eigenstate kmp pipm using a sample of about 382 million y4s decays into bbbar pairs collected with the babar detector operating at the pepii asymmetricenergy b factory at slac we measure the ratios of the branching fractions r_cp and the direct cp asymmetries a_cp the results are r_cp 081 pm 010 stat pm 005 syst r_cp 107 pm 010 stat pm 004 syst a_cp 019 pm 012 stat pm 002 syst a_cp 035 pm 009 stat pm 005 syst | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'preliminary', 'study', 'of', 'b', 'to', 'd0_cp', 'pi', 'and', 'b', 'to', 'd0_cp', 'k', 'decays', 'with', 'the', 'd0_cp', 'reconstructed', 'in', 'the', 'cpodd', 'eigenstates', 'k_s', 'pi0', 'k_s', 'omega', 'in', 'the', 'cpeven', 'eigenstates', 'k', 'k', 'pi', 'pi', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'noncp', 'flavor', 'eigenstate', 'kmp', 'pipm', 'using', 'a', 'sample', 'of', 'about', '382', 'million', 'y4s', 'decays', 'into', 'bbbar', 'pairs', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'babar', 'detector', 'operating', 'at', 'the', 'pepii', 'asymmetricenergy', 'b', 'factory', 'at', 'slac', 'we', 'measure', 'the', 'ratios', 'of', 'the', 'branching', 'fractions', 'r_cp', 'and', 'the', 'direct', 'cp', 'asymmetries', 'a_cp', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'r_cp', '081', 'pm', '010', 'stat', 'pm', '005', 'syst', 'r_cp', '107', 'pm', '010', 'stat', 'pm', '004', 'syst', 'a_cp', '019', 'pm', '012', 'stat', 'pm', '002', 'syst', 'a_cp', '035', 'pm', '009', 'stat', 'pm', '005', 'syst']] | [-0.15038863877465095, 0.24629611188623432, -0.0846937089615191, 0.012549288508792718, 0.04450842350100478, -0.1992990625789389, 0.15548548736454298, 0.25234271268127484, -0.14526526659804706, -0.3409226321304838, -0.11061662711726968, -0.553383908176329, 0.21504888041721035, 0.10610221796766078, -0.004423352717033898, 0.1187852906761691, 0.1276288971103592, -0.09733665501310801, -0.10342057466235323, -0.07622865097946488, -0.04801501784628878, -0.05099533941441526, 0.24675084721141805, 0.052101865531100584, -0.0627488607346701, 0.013413922721520066, -0.026570832275319846, -0.19252746605779975, -0.330372485142046, -0.003553953211909781, 0.26032497331616467, 0.033595664141951906, 0.02913734842247019, -0.09812172088586521, 0.2348568982987975, 0.24171204866530996, 0.1948536919701534, -0.1617186571083342, 0.07550344706978648, -0.5072176500378798, 0.2890950800928598, -0.17527631263171012, 0.02226856926572509, 0.07092484946964153, 0.12637842833840598, -0.26519077142584135, -0.45199494880313673, 0.36234956921155875, -0.18417912861332297, 0.1527038302932245, 0.017011899578695495, -0.4633520528053244, -0.08312951280580212, -0.12422309242732202, 0.0641256019162635, 0.27893242002270807, 0.17806091893774767, 0.056674507718222834, -0.15408262119938929, 0.43640549667179585, -0.13738620533646706, -0.09509295810706438, -0.04553879222366959, -0.3191853888294039, -0.15939877161678548, 0.2458533814176917, 0.25413405570434405, 0.046531232708366586, -0.2670061732797573, 0.08425406665628543, -0.03483272287994623, 0.3097463459863017, 0.07914771715877578, 0.053602758497193766, 0.20964280596041743, 0.12305461654614192, -0.06182453080546111, -0.051038638888470204, -0.1944401314559703, 0.045938017405569555, -0.41148772729696553, -0.07770586639332275, 0.061275643133558336, 0.2448968198693668, -0.12649920570244527, 0.08976012892114037, 0.2762631329552581, 0.014011182899897298, 0.38456487488001584, -0.007153579581063241, 0.20746401675666373, 0.02012184391496703, -0.038788930328155405, 0.08682272483905157, 0.2820011730538681, 0.34982213615439833, 0.17582105208809176, -0.305452586702692, 0.01840771600060786, -0.049146151028495906] |
708.1535 | Three-Nucleon Scattering at Intermediate Energies | By means of a technique, which does not employ partial wave (PW)
decompositions, the nucleon-deuteron break-up process is evaluated in the
Faddeev scheme, where only the leading order term of the amplitude is
considered. This technique is then applied to calculate the semi-exclusive
proton-deuteron break-up reaction d(p,n)pp for proton laboratory energies Elab
of a few hundred MeV. A comparison with PW calculations is performed at 197 MeV
projectile energy. At the same energy rescattering processes, which are not
included in the 3D calculations yet, are shown to be still important in the
full Faddeev PW calculations, especially for the cross section and the
analyzing power Ay. Next, kinematical relativistic effects are investigated for
projectile energies up to about 500 MeV. At the higher energies, those
relativistic effects start not to be negligible, especially in the peak of the
cross section.
| nucl-th | by means of a technique which does not employ partial wave pw decompositions the nucleondeuteron breakup process is evaluated in the faddeev scheme where only the leading order term of the amplitude is considered this technique is then applied to calculate the semiexclusive protondeuteron breakup reaction dpnpp for proton laboratory energies elab of a few hundred mev a comparison with pw calculations is performed at 197 mev projectile energy at the same energy rescattering processes which are not included in the 3d calculations yet are shown to be still important in the full faddeev pw calculations especially for the cross section and the analyzing power ay next kinematical relativistic effects are investigated for projectile energies up to about 500 mev at the higher energies those relativistic effects start not to be negligible especially in the peak of the cross section | [['by', 'means', 'of', 'a', 'technique', 'which', 'does', 'not', 'employ', 'partial', 'wave', 'pw', 'decompositions', 'the', 'nucleondeuteron', 'breakup', 'process', 'is', 'evaluated', 'in', 'the', 'faddeev', 'scheme', 'where', 'only', 'the', 'leading', 'order', 'term', 'of', 'the', 'amplitude', 'is', 'considered', 'this', 'technique', 'is', 'then', 'applied', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'semiexclusive', 'protondeuteron', 'breakup', 'reaction', 'dpnpp', 'for', 'proton', 'laboratory', 'energies', 'elab', 'of', 'a', 'few', 'hundred', 'mev', 'a', 'comparison', 'with', 'pw', 'calculations', 'is', 'performed', 'at', '197', 'mev', 'projectile', 'energy', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'energy', 'rescattering', 'processes', 'which', 'are', 'not', 'included', 'in', 'the', '3d', 'calculations', 'yet', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'still', 'important', 'in', 'the', 'full', 'faddeev', 'pw', 'calculations', 'especially', 'for', 'the', 'cross', 'section', 'and', 'the', 'analyzing', 'power', 'ay', 'next', 'kinematical', 'relativistic', 'effects', 'are', 'investigated', 'for', 'projectile', 'energies', 'up', 'to', 'about', '500', 'mev', 'at', 'the', 'higher', 'energies', 'those', 'relativistic', 'effects', 'start', 'not', 'to', 'be', 'negligible', 'especially', 'in', 'the', 'peak', 'of', 'the', 'cross', 'section']] | [-0.0447653645480792, 0.17917000959257146, -0.09093657663119656, 0.15747368867848943, -0.014106257984258918, -0.08648459493180924, 0.011530965580035456, 0.3741281558659008, -0.22321804902657008, -0.29709687623322656, -0.022788160008197424, -0.3031583102352971, 0.01019433792680502, 0.19223032618551214, 0.09525118723994108, 0.08111206303089322, 0.10055969742783379, 0.05945912353265628, -0.06662166197013726, -0.18477016612351368, 0.3021570351293056, 0.1477301743404149, 0.2173752811998665, 0.15879350603162815, 0.06817446373362872, 0.03575647154214906, -0.01872938570797631, -0.03842887814364416, -0.12170873733200535, 0.052844683248164444, 0.3032914403149282, -0.005121267983596102, 0.21040393213453373, -0.42276175284637607, -0.1851253184571983, 0.053468871446286176, 0.12811181378356523, 0.13374290586844514, 6.0835337306526924e-05, -0.23421054171974495, 0.09498400561823074, -0.22071453355413548, -0.14960501409720348, -0.04735513804011422, 0.03951620258953717, 0.008889725539002488, -0.26176399057865035, 0.07331936872143821, -0.02342098817838986, 0.007364653595549426, -0.061240498502504265, -0.19902840142118203, -0.031704760855063796, 0.03068332753660117, 0.049788224956199945, 0.06271167461054312, 0.1350115008062596, -0.10511638772700706, -0.07840576781154268, 0.44044354754305787, 0.011224843400007905, -0.15422414082417385, 0.10920590609513062, -0.18357239452210797, -0.10422733052224993, 0.25186729145557923, 0.1752333742375452, 0.1273575647153704, -0.19039713767551475, 0.06374233362738968, 0.048615230428387425, 0.18068157539790053, 0.1435065910826511, 0.0015318226806229824, 0.10751886935167604, 0.18011025691793547, -0.04628773071139836, 0.023130011421514395, -0.1494672087845292, -0.10230723211354167, -0.3348838212772561, -0.08015860570929677, -0.10209190164753001, 0.04313115427239544, -0.006239106062998184, -0.061700127185313966, 0.3290684084507598, 0.09078588749101157, 0.19343761819341093, -0.007916454458609223, 0.3097691750890917, 0.17245257303132105, 0.0902857853438062, 0.07723787979643898, 0.33627965227573464, 0.17391859549901736, 0.11450818566297241, -0.22010547604592745, 0.03811108241889545, 0.040710869170691846] |
708.1536 | Physics and Commonsense - Reassessing the connection in the light of
quantum theory | Scientific realism in classical (i.e. pre-quantum) physics has remained
compatible with the naive realism of everyday thinking on the whole; whereas it
has proven impossible to find any consistent way to visualize the world
underlying quantum theory in terms of our pictures in the everyday world. The
general conclusion is that in quantum theory naive realism, although necessary
at the level of observations, fails at the microscopic level. In this paper I
offer a counter view that what fails in quantum theory is naive realism at the
level of observations itself.
| quant-ph | scientific realism in classical ie prequantum physics has remained compatible with the naive realism of everyday thinking on the whole whereas it has proven impossible to find any consistent way to visualize the world underlying quantum theory in terms of our pictures in the everyday world the general conclusion is that in quantum theory naive realism although necessary at the level of observations fails at the microscopic level in this paper i offer a counter view that what fails in quantum theory is naive realism at the level of observations itself | [['scientific', 'realism', 'in', 'classical', 'ie', 'prequantum', 'physics', 'has', 'remained', 'compatible', 'with', 'the', 'naive', 'realism', 'of', 'everyday', 'thinking', 'on', 'the', 'whole', 'whereas', 'it', 'has', 'proven', 'impossible', 'to', 'find', 'any', 'consistent', 'way', 'to', 'visualize', 'the', 'world', 'underlying', 'quantum', 'theory', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'our', 'pictures', 'in', 'the', 'everyday', 'world', 'the', 'general', 'conclusion', 'is', 'that', 'in', 'quantum', 'theory', 'naive', 'realism', 'although', 'necessary', 'at', 'the', 'level', 'of', 'observations', 'fails', 'at', 'the', 'microscopic', 'level', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'i', 'offer', 'a', 'counter', 'view', 'that', 'what', 'fails', 'in', 'quantum', 'theory', 'is', 'naive', 'realism', 'at', 'the', 'level', 'of', 'observations', 'itself']] | [-0.02955169926824785, 0.09566092235292052, -0.1327039515266993, 0.10634335839819, -0.06935840574922142, -0.1391464544020102, 0.05786992243368302, 0.2899679590098478, -0.21699410320802048, -0.30138114804995586, 0.00417459422369375, -0.27612382099851146, -0.1823335826847252, 0.15580143853203282, -0.1379965403831083, 0.010478619424687637, 0.04009067823926171, 0.11984813101794366, -0.03432201484351286, -0.27951322779427845, 0.28804603900125886, 0.08856466390156689, 0.3445989566415057, 0.0578080941411247, 0.10167537804099393, -0.014063919715296764, 0.017266701592214325, 0.05221415713818355, -0.07032633962312453, 0.1279150882203664, 0.3150537895540205, 0.2019089254356184, 0.32003353369821397, -0.4976122285966035, -0.20549919748177323, 0.03692045154377491, 0.09043296233617834, 0.12843712668477014, 0.02285475202370435, -0.2849644156029591, 0.07287796975783799, -0.10552800315749514, -0.20202543680648227, -0.0780595427604167, -0.0060423490601581534, -0.13718961752378023, -0.16630761367320032, 0.06745105288963724, 0.07602720885732017, 0.10917158463232957, 0.0025940595148642967, -0.032408669262172674, 0.0380623270680739, 0.11359977704257919, 0.01884686633187172, 0.048597375206984476, 0.1300228418511144, -0.16721882471036945, -0.1829589372398434, 0.4293916444857042, -0.010023529324066508, -0.18006160264773355, 0.23885149546581638, -0.20034107743956886, -0.18143934139388276, 0.07760296673462777, 0.06319962938029605, 0.03205333118439539, -0.11783487578997245, 0.14704460332907, -0.06794526243894515, 0.18463059965070788, 0.02427892232375158, 0.06095260150211219, 0.2541607212234329, 0.1582143455974062, 0.020795554639055178, 0.016006816264272635, -0.028224828832138043, -0.20468245144769714, -0.34637150850024195, -0.16589091363066172, -0.1986768965911284, 0.11661393451248551, -0.044250561454676214, -0.14428652190490737, 0.3330734862835955, 0.25667980247481653, 0.13672323746013118, 0.05617879304502692, 0.3158375463642917, 0.0848931858564246, 0.08520804434390432, 0.01992736695907437, 0.2811783785460988, 0.0994740647985344, 0.13758208944492942, -0.125475887828353, 0.10418824357195543, -0.002715092451710786] |
708.1537 | Conformally symmetric traversable wormholes | Exact solutions of traversable wormholes are found under the assumption of
spherical symmetry and the existence of a {\it non-static} conformal symmetry,
which presents a more systematic approach in searching for exact wormhole
solutions. In this work, a wide variety of solutions are deduced by considering
choices for the form function, a specific linear equation of state relating the
energy density and the pressure anisotropy, and various phantom wormhole
geometries are explored. A large class of solutions impose that the spatial
distribution of the exotic matter is restricted to the throat neighborhood,
with a cut-off of the stress-energy tensor at a finite junction interface,
although asymptotically flat exact solutions are also found. Using the ``volume
integral quantifier,'' it is found that the conformally symmetric phantom
wormhole geometries may, in principle, be constructed by infinitesimally small
amounts of averaged null energy condition violating matter. Considering the
tidal acceleration traversability conditions for the phantom wormhole geometry,
specific wormhole dimensions and the traversal velocity are also deduced.
| gr-qc astro-ph hep-th | exact solutions of traversable wormholes are found under the assumption of spherical symmetry and the existence of a it nonstatic conformal symmetry which presents a more systematic approach in searching for exact wormhole solutions in this work a wide variety of solutions are deduced by considering choices for the form function a specific linear equation of state relating the energy density and the pressure anisotropy and various phantom wormhole geometries are explored a large class of solutions impose that the spatial distribution of the exotic matter is restricted to the throat neighborhood with a cutoff of the stressenergy tensor at a finite junction interface although asymptotically flat exact solutions are also found using the volume integral quantifier it is found that the conformally symmetric phantom wormhole geometries may in principle be constructed by infinitesimally small amounts of averaged null energy condition violating matter considering the tidal acceleration traversability conditions for the phantom wormhole geometry specific wormhole dimensions and the traversal velocity are also deduced | [['exact', 'solutions', 'of', 'traversable', 'wormholes', 'are', 'found', 'under', 'the', 'assumption', 'of', 'spherical', 'symmetry', 'and', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'it', 'nonstatic', 'conformal', 'symmetry', 'which', 'presents', 'a', 'more', 'systematic', 'approach', 'in', 'searching', 'for', 'exact', 'wormhole', 'solutions', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'a', 'wide', 'variety', 'of', 'solutions', 'are', 'deduced', 'by', 'considering', 'choices', 'for', 'the', 'form', 'function', 'a', 'specific', 'linear', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'relating', 'the', 'energy', 'density', 'and', 'the', 'pressure', 'anisotropy', 'and', 'various', 'phantom', 'wormhole', 'geometries', 'are', 'explored', 'a', 'large', 'class', 'of', 'solutions', 'impose', 'that', 'the', 'spatial', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'exotic', 'matter', 'is', 'restricted', 'to', 'the', 'throat', 'neighborhood', 'with', 'a', 'cutoff', 'of', 'the', 'stressenergy', 'tensor', 'at', 'a', 'finite', 'junction', 'interface', 'although', 'asymptotically', 'flat', 'exact', 'solutions', 'are', 'also', 'found', 'using', 'the', 'volume', 'integral', 'quantifier', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'conformally', 'symmetric', 'phantom', 'wormhole', 'geometries', 'may', 'in', 'principle', 'be', 'constructed', 'by', 'infinitesimally', 'small', 'amounts', 'of', 'averaged', 'null', 'energy', 'condition', 'violating', 'matter', 'considering', 'the', 'tidal', 'acceleration', 'traversability', 'conditions', 'for', 'the', 'phantom', 'wormhole', 'geometry', 'specific', 'wormhole', 'dimensions', 'and', 'the', 'traversal', 'velocity', 'are', 'also', 'deduced']] | [-0.19551084978469058, 0.09063836287922884, -0.11131538486778282, 0.11634253052406854, -0.11474110707271526, -0.17502307368544634, -0.050329786913097474, 0.31568991684741, -0.1845990077211953, -0.30147522977743546, 0.08628617068568085, -0.23368814225285883, -0.08213073222489073, 0.143235541539403, -0.005371981178674415, 0.06709981424820598, 0.011248732126238415, 0.03421096848650472, -0.10283270901602852, -0.19133445311610292, 0.393586822121018, 0.026224182383441253, 0.3104190137464462, 0.04694480648677421, 0.09862439782875476, -0.05452872494735369, 0.03629205463647207, 0.09657875561473392, -0.20553361471764042, 0.04506583950800321, 0.2234076226808744, 0.1055148074612101, 0.1850669614050719, -0.4310981032733874, -0.24327832560918136, 0.11891319761734183, 0.12945616704613402, 0.1476718615960591, -0.09334230488040214, -0.32329290544773204, 0.09790367524071437, -0.18274572385452326, -0.19759508494355874, -0.0675972136111629, 0.05063781490912888, 0.015418405786565528, -0.21751965034224957, 0.11399837605983144, 0.01677011638715091, -0.009399270282479048, -0.14134362316690385, -0.04730302036318235, -0.04147156252505871, 0.017818854829273756, 0.12331775150250462, -0.026485408872093368, 0.15056735112916725, -0.15939606972629342, -0.01093017788626617, 0.35639741677768166, -0.030845026284024666, -0.29131719801878764, 0.1260945605761485, -0.1410400092079327, -0.0773733020717528, 0.13702565480716436, 0.0866334263502234, 0.17530122389676187, -0.16283015732187778, 0.17108410326678805, -0.03188919099175553, 0.11464379801877729, 0.15489385193554547, -0.0126942231507245, 0.2679101683660098, 0.07726681453783474, 0.08186385963572099, 0.15364871550352802, -0.03428103815105448, -0.1169553370152532, -0.40775818535603764, -0.1475813895976455, -0.16601215313880302, 0.07251252697087915, -0.17572294859032475, -0.20053811730226365, 0.34506083893016115, 0.04711332034098521, 0.13648440511137666, 0.039551651661096865, 0.24054505713511168, 0.09240206868512692, 0.04995799129374507, 0.10935150389275627, 0.2723436755037344, 0.10004168880461692, 0.12344672377774969, -0.19722339123375315, 0.004817416269627468, 0.038614197357319205] |
708.1538 | Entropy of complex relevant components of Boolean networks | Boolean network models of strongly connected modules are capable of capturing
the high regulatory complexity of many biological gene regulatory circuits. We
study numerically the previously introduced basin entropy, a parameter for the
dynamical uncertainty or information storage capacity of a network as well as
the average transient time in random relevant components as a function of their
connectivity. We also demonstrate that basin entropy can be estimated from
time-series data and is therefore also applicable to non-deterministic networks
models.
| cond-mat.dis-nn | boolean network models of strongly connected modules are capable of capturing the high regulatory complexity of many biological gene regulatory circuits we study numerically the previously introduced basin entropy a parameter for the dynamical uncertainty or information storage capacity of a network as well as the average transient time in random relevant components as a function of their connectivity we also demonstrate that basin entropy can be estimated from timeseries data and is therefore also applicable to nondeterministic networks models | [['boolean', 'network', 'models', 'of', 'strongly', 'connected', 'modules', 'are', 'capable', 'of', 'capturing', 'the', 'high', 'regulatory', 'complexity', 'of', 'many', 'biological', 'gene', 'regulatory', 'circuits', 'we', 'study', 'numerically', 'the', 'previously', 'introduced', 'basin', 'entropy', 'a', 'parameter', 'for', 'the', 'dynamical', 'uncertainty', 'or', 'information', 'storage', 'capacity', 'of', 'a', 'network', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'average', 'transient', 'time', 'in', 'random', 'relevant', 'components', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'their', 'connectivity', 'we', 'also', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'basin', 'entropy', 'can', 'be', 'estimated', 'from', 'timeseries', 'data', 'and', 'is', 'therefore', 'also', 'applicable', 'to', 'nondeterministic', 'networks', 'models']] | [-0.12866197467083113, 0.10631013904931023, -0.015064246626570821, 0.12263659419986653, -0.024756591743789615, -0.14817956570914248, 0.07545299881603569, 0.3617397817783058, -0.31425886754877863, -0.26019878359802534, 0.1231112888941425, -0.25714083421044054, -0.22255389369674958, 0.22997945584065746, -0.07617342572484631, 0.12604919741279447, 0.06760274019034114, 0.06888392269611358, 0.04651395199762191, -0.2160562055069022, 0.29558964422903955, 0.08414601450785994, 0.2796852142899297, 0.030540389654925094, 0.10388874833151931, -0.05119028731714934, -0.01605413510988001, 0.08858971208974253, -0.08943459387273833, 0.13525697210570797, 0.3245746194193089, 0.21388400208670647, 0.26941227458883077, -0.4459894684376195, -0.2917713231756352, 0.15939252072712407, 0.12423668301780708, 0.10439820179599338, 0.034533261827891695, -0.26651593929855155, 0.05247908418532461, -0.20027356984792277, -0.07183491641189903, -0.13064726284937933, 0.049564306103275155, 0.07898585481743794, -0.261842612340115, 0.08843845101582701, 0.03963340814771073, 0.06929225421044975, -0.0572256580402609, -0.08634531864663586, -0.09321366739750374, 0.16831131440994795, -0.020109859576041344, -0.016613398712070192, 0.1846987358876504, -0.1388435367378406, -0.14679466847446748, 0.30157949119457045, -0.014490897500945722, -0.1938539605936967, 0.20553911491297186, -0.08297242341795937, -0.15173634302336722, 0.10685922954289709, 0.2113889289845247, 0.06535595200257376, -0.2159876118064858, 0.050056862652854764, -0.002426497667329386, 0.19026123411022128, 0.03501356985070743, 0.09157865227316506, 0.1651697158580646, 0.23490686142467893, 0.05902557406361666, 0.18708805305504939, -0.08058505662484095, -0.1094838133198209, -0.21969854009803386, -0.1297419081791304, -0.19821868192520925, 0.02564195387531072, -0.166093079026723, -0.1771285257069394, 0.41454966538585725, 0.13396629846538416, 0.19271621865336783, 0.1359389705583453, 0.27608455292938744, 0.07786931527225534, 0.10056594853813294, 0.07847983206738718, 0.14545561572886073, 0.13164795523916836, 0.09863268251647242, -0.2046970075869467, 0.1639039986010175, 0.023248343192972244] |
708.1539 | The Structure of Classical Extensions of Quantum Probability Theory | On the basis of a suggestive definition of a classical extension of quantum
mechanics in terms of statistical models, we prove that every such classical
extension is essentially given by the so-called Misra-Bugajski reduction map.
We consider how this map enables one to understand quantum mechanics as a
reduced classical statistical theory on the projective Hilbert space as phase
space and discuss features of the induced hidden-variables model. Moreover,
some relevant technical results on the topology and Borel structure of the
projective Hilbert space are reviewed.
| quant-ph | on the basis of a suggestive definition of a classical extension of quantum mechanics in terms of statistical models we prove that every such classical extension is essentially given by the socalled misrabugajski reduction map we consider how this map enables one to understand quantum mechanics as a reduced classical statistical theory on the projective hilbert space as phase space and discuss features of the induced hiddenvariables model moreover some relevant technical results on the topology and borel structure of the projective hilbert space are reviewed | [['on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'a', 'suggestive', 'definition', 'of', 'a', 'classical', 'extension', 'of', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'statistical', 'models', 'we', 'prove', 'that', 'every', 'such', 'classical', 'extension', 'is', 'essentially', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'socalled', 'misrabugajski', 'reduction', 'map', 'we', 'consider', 'how', 'this', 'map', 'enables', 'one', 'to', 'understand', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'as', 'a', 'reduced', 'classical', 'statistical', 'theory', 'on', 'the', 'projective', 'hilbert', 'space', 'as', 'phase', 'space', 'and', 'discuss', 'features', 'of', 'the', 'induced', 'hiddenvariables', 'model', 'moreover', 'some', 'relevant', 'technical', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'topology', 'and', 'borel', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'projective', 'hilbert', 'space', 'are', 'reviewed']] | [-0.09791543237755404, 0.09855358144268393, -0.11131170055664638, 0.11389746212345712, -0.050992157967651594, -0.0990403793149573, 0.02675051388796419, 0.28995952628114646, -0.3214126741184908, -0.2214960068683414, 0.10344567895209526, -0.2366636277998195, -0.20947879153468152, 0.21588791047551614, -0.11477441645282156, 0.04405042775632704, 0.04814709074904813, 0.07450023174614591, -0.12362761317533166, -0.22703292862895658, 0.3813540952554082, 0.02136841697673149, 0.2574038681409815, 0.012359595364507507, 0.14092913516523206, 0.05253881091142402, -0.0502240397309994, 0.024070275746463962, -0.14360148214558754, 0.15025616656331456, 0.24950069815989565, 0.14337637858355748, 0.24785212054026914, -0.4010565241069451, -0.25147135597379766, 0.14597461451502408, 0.08600562950596213, 0.06529319399200818, 0.011012962007182924, -0.29480695743661595, 0.02875354502843145, -0.14485512157244718, -0.1294906182324185, -0.12942494136445662, -0.008821881595341599, -0.04208799438441501, -0.17075765366077095, 0.020996988783864416, 0.10977817070396508, 0.09541561497265802, -0.03881610013434992, -0.054826046723653286, -0.0069369453005492685, 0.06139742088887622, -0.04719737284981153, 0.056453450833556844, 0.12370038638918605, -0.10884649197790114, -0.16450620272251612, 0.42902222878354435, -0.04776826530612786, -0.2526361444965005, 0.16952374806518064, -0.15731778465320959, -0.16067832667271004, 0.04298471229917863, 0.11126617982654888, 0.07329973475459745, -0.05019976624958765, 0.18834757519858505, -0.08308007582912551, 0.12390750272966483, 0.02198597482569954, 0.08673873613314594, 0.1515631660599919, 0.13068199121557614, 0.06547542898093953, 0.1491879904122256, -0.024358028910287162, -0.18341754652724107, -0.39653358761878577, -0.2082866261329721, -0.16204476406907334, 0.10147239342605804, -0.10279661474496071, -0.1763050596613218, 0.3988988694734871, 0.1460897527203676, 0.21025518871405546, 0.03629166043418295, 0.25967953426434714, 0.09749424236497897, 0.0005284444155061946, 0.00454689800629721, 0.18872436217806193, 0.1764143327168901, 0.017205102684195426, -0.1732061284594238, 0.0379581217380131, 0.15819982563090676] |
708.154 | Optimal bounded-error strategies for projective measurements in
non-orthogonal state discrimination | Research in non-orthogonal state discrimination has given rise to two
conventional optimal strategies: unambiguous discrimination (UD) and minimum
error (ME) discrimination. This paper explores the experimentally relevant
range of measurement strategies between the two, where the rate of inconclusive
results is minimized for a bounded-error rate. We first provide some
constraints on the problem that apply to generalized measurements (POVMs). We
then provide the theory for the optimal projective measurement (PVM) in this
range. Through analytical and numerical results we investigate this family of
projective, bounded-error strategies and compare it to the POVM family as well
as to experimental implementation of UD using POVMs. We also discuss a possible
application of these bounded-error strategies to quantum key distribution.
| quant-ph | research in nonorthogonal state discrimination has given rise to two conventional optimal strategies unambiguous discrimination ud and minimum error me discrimination this paper explores the experimentally relevant range of measurement strategies between the two where the rate of inconclusive results is minimized for a boundederror rate we first provide some constraints on the problem that apply to generalized measurements povms we then provide the theory for the optimal projective measurement pvm in this range through analytical and numerical results we investigate this family of projective boundederror strategies and compare it to the povm family as well as to experimental implementation of ud using povms we also discuss a possible application of these boundederror strategies to quantum key distribution | [['research', 'in', 'nonorthogonal', 'state', 'discrimination', 'has', 'given', 'rise', 'to', 'two', 'conventional', 'optimal', 'strategies', 'unambiguous', 'discrimination', 'ud', 'and', 'minimum', 'error', 'me', 'discrimination', 'this', 'paper', 'explores', 'the', 'experimentally', 'relevant', 'range', 'of', 'measurement', 'strategies', 'between', 'the', 'two', 'where', 'the', 'rate', 'of', 'inconclusive', 'results', 'is', 'minimized', 'for', 'a', 'boundederror', 'rate', 'we', 'first', 'provide', 'some', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'problem', 'that', 'apply', 'to', 'generalized', 'measurements', 'povms', 'we', 'then', 'provide', 'the', 'theory', 'for', 'the', 'optimal', 'projective', 'measurement', 'pvm', 'in', 'this', 'range', 'through', 'analytical', 'and', 'numerical', 'results', 'we', 'investigate', 'this', 'family', 'of', 'projective', 'boundederror', 'strategies', 'and', 'compare', 'it', 'to', 'the', 'povm', 'family', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'to', 'experimental', 'implementation', 'of', 'ud', 'using', 'povms', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'a', 'possible', 'application', 'of', 'these', 'boundederror', 'strategies', 'to', 'quantum', 'key', 'distribution']] | [-0.11025949638589459, 0.07271544239878402, -0.07277746129212743, 0.07099984264024928, -0.05159687990780478, -0.19369690697166628, 0.13942342456943213, 0.39731670009027537, -0.27484550450186607, -0.28958849826338307, 0.09954270580586172, -0.24604020914125999, -0.14402167670334043, 0.2241998216279356, -0.09946371011151853, 0.1353688476867658, 0.054631891474917024, 0.007698257343737029, -0.12364529788156703, -0.25555847998771625, 0.3154771125962232, 0.06325656613453402, 0.3018277901603635, 0.08087943169688885, 0.1144839067493518, 0.025355152541108556, -0.0240397648254441, 0.00032244516947006773, -0.1959174358786278, 0.10675140887684331, 0.3225922306932477, 0.21492788480136985, 0.24127867453242258, -0.3596546569507632, -0.16343321394711985, 0.1577676479799389, 0.1111269788421943, 0.14612486799863184, -0.07153147214853947, -0.24812909436680503, 0.07534359495739563, -0.1928438159116244, -0.061742719564728946, -0.12374464974943865, 0.002351686808328002, -0.020132057747598422, -0.30544824619240807, 0.057684808142504936, 0.02709544054923137, 0.02644963316240553, -0.05255398909182493, -0.13160107896458043, 0.0964344879434744, 0.14445195189811352, -0.009562938223529797, 0.0034186241702350265, 0.0691785189654615, -0.06808290467794859, -0.20945922721382546, 0.32783813787509797, -0.048244119905945605, -0.2461378474293624, 0.1515245358104486, -0.13286117654514767, -0.11743277812502899, 0.043590429554677616, 0.18125492577456823, 0.13147715251829664, -0.13101044867456085, 0.01799551481864478, -0.06044673257294285, 0.15219400927495463, 0.05828936033392862, 0.1259391931067142, 0.13754265072116217, 0.15236114152565094, 0.10356902288987253, 0.1593970195686255, -0.0536052597177578, -0.10577221824521182, -0.33766014068150674, -0.186869697203323, -0.16417642755402348, 0.042923188231632874, -0.061611490130401805, -0.10813866791678435, 0.40511593266816465, 0.21254294744487537, 0.16501835035949441, 0.07345874250523146, 0.30251403078752553, 0.0650369629936719, -0.05129351333509815, 0.03475390734561419, 0.2590989859005677, 0.12721609479700358, 0.02948887721966889, -0.23600315757222096, 0.07273010561100633, 0.0319577621027701] |
708.1541 | Energy Spectra for Fractional Quantum Hall States | Fractional quantum Hall states (FQHS) with the filling factor nu = p/q of q <
21 are examined and their energies are calculated. The classical Coulomb energy
is evaluated among many electrons; that energy is linearly dependent on 1/nu.
The residual binding energies are also evaluated. The electron pair in nearest
Landau-orbitals is more affected via Coulomb transition than an electron pair
in non-nearest orbitals. Each nearest electron pair can transfer to some empty
orbital pair, but it cannot transfer to the other empty orbital pair because of
conservation of momentum. Counting the numbers of the allowed and forbidden
transitions, the binding energies are evaluated for filling factors of 126
fraction numbers. Gathering the classical Coulomb energy and the pair
transition energy, we obtain the spectrum of energy versus nu. This energy
spectrum elucidates the precise confinement of Hall resistance at specific
fractional filling factors.
| cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-el | fractional quantum hall states fqhs with the filling factor nu pq of q 21 are examined and their energies are calculated the classical coulomb energy is evaluated among many electrons that energy is linearly dependent on 1nu the residual binding energies are also evaluated the electron pair in nearest landauorbitals is more affected via coulomb transition than an electron pair in nonnearest orbitals each nearest electron pair can transfer to some empty orbital pair but it cannot transfer to the other empty orbital pair because of conservation of momentum counting the numbers of the allowed and forbidden transitions the binding energies are evaluated for filling factors of 126 fraction numbers gathering the classical coulomb energy and the pair transition energy we obtain the spectrum of energy versus nu this energy spectrum elucidates the precise confinement of hall resistance at specific fractional filling factors | [['fractional', 'quantum', 'hall', 'states', 'fqhs', 'with', 'the', 'filling', 'factor', 'nu', 'pq', 'of', 'q', '21', 'are', 'examined', 'and', 'their', 'energies', 'are', 'calculated', 'the', 'classical', 'coulomb', 'energy', 'is', 'evaluated', 'among', 'many', 'electrons', 'that', 'energy', 'is', 'linearly', 'dependent', 'on', '1nu', 'the', 'residual', 'binding', 'energies', 'are', 'also', 'evaluated', 'the', 'electron', 'pair', 'in', 'nearest', 'landauorbitals', 'is', 'more', 'affected', 'via', 'coulomb', 'transition', 'than', 'an', 'electron', 'pair', 'in', 'nonnearest', 'orbitals', 'each', 'nearest', 'electron', 'pair', 'can', 'transfer', 'to', 'some', 'empty', 'orbital', 'pair', 'but', 'it', 'can', 'not', 'transfer', 'to', 'the', 'other', 'empty', 'orbital', 'pair', 'because', 'of', 'conservation', 'of', 'momentum', 'counting', 'the', 'numbers', 'of', 'the', 'allowed', 'and', 'forbidden', 'transitions', 'the', 'binding', 'energies', 'are', 'evaluated', 'for', 'filling', 'factors', 'of', '126', 'fraction', 'numbers', 'gathering', 'the', 'classical', 'coulomb', 'energy', 'and', 'the', 'pair', 'transition', 'energy', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'energy', 'versus', 'nu', 'this', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'elucidates', 'the', 'precise', 'confinement', 'of', 'hall', 'resistance', 'at', 'specific', 'fractional', 'filling', 'factors']] | [-0.1788642830744555, 0.2472478449646867, 0.009232387008549241, 0.13616405419152153, 0.0016656434358833553, -0.1722095710212378, 0.07571614752979493, 0.3576938590047868, -0.24722577143017646, -0.32850360236345577, -0.046335952545327325, -0.33053981243157304, -0.024056589764940156, 0.15917233458453126, 0.0804038877962027, -0.003281542292138288, 0.02893156805922362, 0.05563070335900867, -0.08332156430249317, -0.2006767445042, 0.31361519749816896, 0.060414222729314196, 0.25284245203841815, 0.12993028570069132, 0.027813413346485866, 0.03316739448053124, 0.025255281921033258, -0.0030550654371874733, -0.14543357776939728, 0.09269384513698661, 0.2160356854985328, -0.04483724346423482, 0.21182430143161982, -0.37096976263487674, -0.13670397852710287, 0.0944764542399899, 0.13258388922126454, 0.07970842916088608, -0.01102801483302374, -0.2384642718516134, 0.028953665206404206, -0.1698420121858769, -0.11274588222361424, -0.07075789280177153, 0.06547296053723439, 0.0467575025008796, -0.24963771444712798, 0.13900385510198401, 0.0072212496127646705, 0.0025468609341374646, -0.07752045926677024, -0.18911150939293675, -0.11546933977584635, 0.09908067626460175, 0.038930259316091564, 0.030650670428506353, 0.17432568477909569, -0.13998888697234224, -0.13606200507887595, 0.3892649134769189, 0.02242139486017575, -0.19082626895783664, 0.17808216336098584, -0.21707105142279312, -0.06443969846110452, 0.22120631861311574, 0.0937175806652481, 0.07108347327936884, -0.1146024159103684, 0.08378810560700346, 0.007394771394482651, 0.15690197575335893, 0.10179586931607211, 0.07992803912375357, 0.21277818813190594, 0.09858039099970585, 0.02945561817207315, 0.09877399997370499, -0.1501809802847439, -0.13042685388216188, -0.27880005598380847, -0.15452735057960337, -0.24802788138597995, 0.1021467554791044, -0.04199874886912799, -0.12386120420431236, 0.3736437248874869, 0.032219668372531776, 0.20779889753133945, -0.026530651317036653, 0.24548813797715868, 0.20451552406770757, 0.04858406047480038, 0.07207971248919001, 0.2337153528442922, 0.11168261389638838, 0.05874552212613211, -0.30003707453777845, -0.01688577779210531, 0.0885337330010179] |
708.1542 | Predictability of extreme events in a branching diffusion model | We propose a framework for studying predictability of extreme events in
complex systems. Major conceptual elements -- direct cascading or
fragmentation, spatial dynamics, and external driving -- are combined in a
classical age-dependent multi-type branching diffusion process with
immigration. A complete analytic description of the size- and space-dependent
distributions of particles is derived. We then formulate an extreme event
prediction problem and determine characteristic patterns of the system behavior
as an extreme event approaches. In particlular, our results imply specific
premonitory deviations from self-similarity, which have been heuristically
observed in real-world and modeled complex systems. Our results suggest a
simple universal mechanism of such premonitory patterns and natural framework
for their analytic study.
| nlin.AO | we propose a framework for studying predictability of extreme events in complex systems major conceptual elements direct cascading or fragmentation spatial dynamics and external driving are combined in a classical agedependent multitype branching diffusion process with immigration a complete analytic description of the size and spacedependent distributions of particles is derived we then formulate an extreme event prediction problem and determine characteristic patterns of the system behavior as an extreme event approaches in particlular our results imply specific premonitory deviations from selfsimilarity which have been heuristically observed in realworld and modeled complex systems our results suggest a simple universal mechanism of such premonitory patterns and natural framework for their analytic study | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'framework', 'for', 'studying', 'predictability', 'of', 'extreme', 'events', 'in', 'complex', 'systems', 'major', 'conceptual', 'elements', 'direct', 'cascading', 'or', 'fragmentation', 'spatial', 'dynamics', 'and', 'external', 'driving', 'are', 'combined', 'in', 'a', 'classical', 'agedependent', 'multitype', 'branching', 'diffusion', 'process', 'with', 'immigration', 'a', 'complete', 'analytic', 'description', 'of', 'the', 'size', 'and', 'spacedependent', 'distributions', 'of', 'particles', 'is', 'derived', 'we', 'then', 'formulate', 'an', 'extreme', 'event', 'prediction', 'problem', 'and', 'determine', 'characteristic', 'patterns', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'behavior', 'as', 'an', 'extreme', 'event', 'approaches', 'in', 'particlular', 'our', 'results', 'imply', 'specific', 'premonitory', 'deviations', 'from', 'selfsimilarity', 'which', 'have', 'been', 'heuristically', 'observed', 'in', 'realworld', 'and', 'modeled', 'complex', 'systems', 'our', 'results', 'suggest', 'a', 'simple', 'universal', 'mechanism', 'of', 'such', 'premonitory', 'patterns', 'and', 'natural', 'framework', 'for', 'their', 'analytic', 'study']] | [-0.09387463749321345, 0.09953909284494994, -0.11081045598571969, 0.14528178468696692, -0.051408157667128355, -0.10310271263189681, 0.03079163121596516, 0.3742834983041158, -0.24991617817851203, -0.289314037172107, 0.08493194005951318, -0.23471685217039004, -0.2004363626673784, 0.18362068184148017, -0.059315327970260706, 0.07127222178665384, 0.06630535248818027, 0.012622347749719346, 0.008965552364987833, -0.14749231958040246, 0.32383551643448166, 0.04209682382307611, 0.2924234694171999, 0.020665192387175856, 0.11713415657606412, 0.008426047100156948, -0.059475889400084005, 0.024290720493792817, -0.1315380507169778, 0.08248274335700616, 0.214414122493451, 0.13986865493263378, 0.23207629188005854, -0.42883370684140976, -0.25630625042862987, 0.09942431406847932, 0.14626782869517402, 0.10140689896883208, -0.058084484982631496, -0.29302678814552185, 0.07417472880407078, -0.17855126580626174, -0.16160093668244174, -0.06731585434193278, 0.06189581255537567, 0.040877942398593235, -0.32078681949333093, 0.08989784413705336, 0.09755572058294001, 0.09813878983091395, -0.07091298145200084, -0.06843696034047753, 0.01815395643682899, 0.13294827673156318, 0.04134660618361883, -0.05013227526325028, 0.1576502997048518, -0.1312588307889061, -0.1952212417439499, 0.3761232776886171, -0.03704333147411612, -0.17163787741079792, 0.23971119084865325, -0.15172374692351162, -0.1720190779347946, 0.12178040913784423, 0.2560600970875942, 0.12752775625569057, -0.18349313820284363, 0.02433807202058987, -0.026172662894283463, 0.10317303268826222, 0.03311500310276946, 0.009386124064189356, 0.21117423184484513, 0.21753073641443038, -0.00946018453645478, 0.10992640433497392, -0.030157934303756233, -0.15568100822972017, -0.27961280905045904, -0.12698416916133315, -0.10731140740198998, 0.06870956258714064, -0.14096492321058995, -0.18516423699009726, 0.3431101444298989, 0.146779724927058, 0.2496957433502282, 0.06568378359729608, 0.2528835099635159, 0.16178764170560114, 0.01487642556621886, 0.017217093944415316, 0.16011679231247924, 0.08187137820195776, 0.09368963801797044, -0.18242264096205635, 0.12229966684580185, 0.021070280150082464] |
708.1543 | Dipole excitation and geometry of borromean nuclei | We analyze the Coulomb breakup cross sections of $^{11}$Li and $^6$He nuclei
using a three-body model with a density-dependent contact interaction. We show
that the concentration of the B(E1) strength near the threshold can be well
reproduced with this model. With the help of the calculated B(E1) value, we
extract the root-mean-square (rms) distance between the core nucleus and the
center of mass of two valence neutrons without resorting to the sum rule, which
may suffer from unphysical Pauli forbidden transitions. Together with the
empirical rms distance between the neutrons obtained from the matter radius
study and also from the three-body correlation study in the break-up reaction,
we convert these rms distances to the mean opening angle between the valence
neutrons from the core nucleus. We find that the obtained mean opening angles
in $^{11}$Li and $^6$He agree with the three-body model predictions.
| nucl-th | we analyze the coulomb breakup cross sections of 11li and 6he nuclei using a threebody model with a densitydependent contact interaction we show that the concentration of the be1 strength near the threshold can be well reproduced with this model with the help of the calculated be1 value we extract the rootmeansquare rms distance between the core nucleus and the center of mass of two valence neutrons without resorting to the sum rule which may suffer from unphysical pauli forbidden transitions together with the empirical rms distance between the neutrons obtained from the matter radius study and also from the threebody correlation study in the breakup reaction we convert these rms distances to the mean opening angle between the valence neutrons from the core nucleus we find that the obtained mean opening angles in 11li and 6he agree with the threebody model predictions | [['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'coulomb', 'breakup', 'cross', 'sections', 'of', '11li', 'and', '6he', 'nuclei', 'using', 'a', 'threebody', 'model', 'with', 'a', 'densitydependent', 'contact', 'interaction', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'concentration', 'of', 'the', 'be1', 'strength', 'near', 'the', 'threshold', 'can', 'be', 'well', 'reproduced', 'with', 'this', 'model', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'the', 'calculated', 'be1', 'value', 'we', 'extract', 'the', 'rootmeansquare', 'rms', 'distance', 'between', 'the', 'core', 'nucleus', 'and', 'the', 'center', 'of', 'mass', 'of', 'two', 'valence', 'neutrons', 'without', 'resorting', 'to', 'the', 'sum', 'rule', 'which', 'may', 'suffer', 'from', 'unphysical', 'pauli', 'forbidden', 'transitions', 'together', 'with', 'the', 'empirical', 'rms', 'distance', 'between', 'the', 'neutrons', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'matter', 'radius', 'study', 'and', 'also', 'from', 'the', 'threebody', 'correlation', 'study', 'in', 'the', 'breakup', 'reaction', 'we', 'convert', 'these', 'rms', 'distances', 'to', 'the', 'mean', 'opening', 'angle', 'between', 'the', 'valence', 'neutrons', 'from', 'the', 'core', 'nucleus', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'obtained', 'mean', 'opening', 'angles', 'in', '11li', 'and', '6he', 'agree', 'with', 'the', 'threebody', 'model', 'predictions']] | [-0.034777155994287844, 0.18011331982207257, -0.0986652480476207, 0.12651021151650385, 0.04333695875793383, -0.0946212842331066, 0.09692420674344668, 0.3661845432972158, -0.26015749749551703, -0.3395026248091689, -0.08041765934370874, -0.33608379510029424, -0.03478686011989008, 0.12337534186443301, 0.07469946668333524, 0.03517267997930204, 0.08605439664301026, 0.03885468651729447, -0.12976631288696733, -0.09300202529851373, 0.3381740398561725, 0.0762519449308202, 0.19948710182069482, 0.1316109103138658, 0.0370459407437723, 0.041513684215480004, 0.016525011838550544, -0.011771193190992296, -0.15701226085813966, 0.09708881607422462, 0.19561732480492952, 0.024410158780019182, 0.14269316003013116, -0.39556903245539726, -0.15594090863254728, 0.1017383598019141, 0.13597711035656138, 0.1375497322996844, -0.018633929631588133, -0.33500042322606266, 0.0020915739322927866, -0.23424106587206464, -0.175295702885133, -0.03169487446051586, 0.013373473979910459, 0.07933926679050693, -0.23849886727447694, 0.14008038887128044, -0.023962508420577157, 0.019393289507321127, -0.13704507551937514, -0.2345548270895452, -0.026182563438151892, 0.12919056666298553, 0.10150407845483299, 0.05083747417279324, 0.177984384800327, -0.11154723915571048, -0.0477143523696048, 0.37944927431278297, -0.03802081226156308, -0.12183228704322885, 0.12206314168740194, -0.18153641734050807, -0.03181512926874513, 0.18646842003572028, 0.16825610029647922, 0.05866022178841351, -0.127157611300244, 0.010764264949382497, -0.022968798741483346, 0.2270690381536716, 0.11490299488528521, -0.019486239453504136, 0.1998878558446373, 0.14687327646578735, -0.007367969529664183, 0.09588681348400854, -0.23168808623002127, -0.14200793441639029, -0.3237793972728761, -0.05706705833570315, -0.13379035804785425, 0.05070827446855162, -0.08324088935229042, -0.1004542551732824, 0.3179536039309684, 0.08174634689116733, 0.24759094003373042, 0.0512653827297638, 0.2698904338025755, 0.10174787590944476, 0.09340016068434799, 0.06484852896651605, 0.3793631140289216, 0.19816090658281024, 0.006276831919835372, -0.32227863248281335, 0.04531469122812777, 0.05699282946468858] |
708.1544 | Measurement of cos2beta in B0->D(*)h0 Decays with a Time-Dependent
Dalitz Plot Analysis of D->KSpi+pi- | We study the time-dependent Dalitz plot of D->KSpi+pi- in B0->D(*)h0 decays,
where h0 is a pi0, eta, eta', or omega meson and D*->Dpi0 using a data sample
of 383 X 10^6 Upsilon(4S)->BBbar decays collected with the BABAR detector. We
determine cos2beta = 0.42+-0.49+-0.09+-0.13, sin2beta = 0.29+-0.34+-0.03+-0.05,
and |lambda| = 1.01+-0.08+-0.02, where the first error is statistical, the
second is the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third, where given,
is the Dalitz model uncertainty. Assuming the world average value for sin2beta
and |lambda|=1, cos2beta>0 is preferred over cos2beta<0 at 86% confidence
level.
| hep-ex | we study the timedependent dalitz plot of dkspipi in b0dh0 decays where h0 is a pi0 eta eta or omega meson and ddpi0 using a data sample of 383 x 106 upsilon4sbbbar decays collected with the babar detector we determine cos2beta 042049009013 sin2beta 029034003005 and lambda 101008002 where the first error is statistical the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third where given is the dalitz model uncertainty assuming the world average value for sin2beta and lambda1 cos2beta0 is preferred over cos2beta0 at 86 confidence level | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'timedependent', 'dalitz', 'plot', 'of', 'dkspipi', 'in', 'b0dh0', 'decays', 'where', 'h0', 'is', 'a', 'pi0', 'eta', 'eta', 'or', 'omega', 'meson', 'and', 'ddpi0', 'using', 'a', 'data', 'sample', 'of', '383', 'x', '106', 'upsilon4sbbbar', 'decays', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'babar', 'detector', 'we', 'determine', 'cos2beta', '042049009013', 'sin2beta', '029034003005', 'and', 'lambda', '101008002', 'where', 'the', 'first', 'error', 'is', 'statistical', 'the', 'second', 'is', 'the', 'experimental', 'systematic', 'uncertainty', 'and', 'the', 'third', 'where', 'given', 'is', 'the', 'dalitz', 'model', 'uncertainty', 'assuming', 'the', 'world', 'average', 'value', 'for', 'sin2beta', 'and', 'lambda1', 'cos2beta0', 'is', 'preferred', 'over', 'cos2beta0', 'at', '86', 'confidence', 'level']] | [-0.08728358626831323, 0.14231972422012837, -0.06888219601629923, 0.07379142014404005, -0.04560275949188508, -0.13363996124826372, 0.13827690782879168, 0.26496187330312315, -0.16931570404475288, -0.2696190820563407, 0.002235405561458763, -0.41222972897369237, 0.04458051592588336, 0.15368992402467743, 0.043361190628881253, 0.11444188929107484, 0.07446072383650712, 0.08767113639485269, -0.05471621310183158, -0.15637448952267213, 0.2393314061198561, 0.028912981013057844, 0.21174542440678037, 0.034437706627483876, 0.027968835852031287, -0.01622977091964068, -0.05363733625078263, -0.06553044298752433, -0.19245186776831924, 0.031178273139327455, 0.21793437700086674, 0.1408944163205368, 0.17899208503513364, -0.22536316322163788, -0.04925800015917048, 0.17477189912737923, 0.1404450188856572, 0.019154794749781667, 0.04533476097276434, -0.38421322777867317, 0.13389612432192302, -0.15686288494006953, -0.0346881651230866, -0.014676292000027994, 0.08327808928498555, -0.09715431578834319, -0.38426986425405457, 0.17595523447241812, -0.10126489707978353, 0.11858657409348303, -0.022877845579170667, -0.21828106546447434, 0.017526384914249536, 0.02752235095249489, 0.0733465680456166, 0.1477845300566211, 0.1743966293232959, -0.06528582361837228, -0.08032404122475002, 0.3693085056507871, -0.05807857546910998, -0.1677181754882137, 0.03206916571971739, -0.2494057383986988, -0.1424632291531279, 0.13748609281555263, 0.18184025908842505, 0.057357322347039975, -0.18395730130197036, 0.13554704856471203, -0.035744161795481066, 0.2367761673494464, 0.07246308831409329, -0.012965629298594735, 0.10356629729947253, 0.22325186759588264, -0.03218473618783589, 0.06278300891807746, -0.19378547533415258, -0.046584864402012455, -0.4136465042219719, -0.1306511234004228, -0.10133531172427215, 0.08749550196807832, -0.09543509041776858, -0.06051955162651471, 0.3308813740011482, 0.0607450659985521, 0.2975487123199162, 0.05043040894504104, 0.2766792589931616, 0.10299871202247839, -0.01986245281295851, 0.09675690524523989, 0.280512112253789, 0.1272204669103736, 0.08831536218141471, -0.22389297332466368, 0.0400301728583318, -0.03602409263008407] |
708.1545 | The Faint End Slopes Of Galaxy Luminosity Functions In The COSMOS
2-Square Degree Field | We examine the faint-end slope of the rest-frame V-band luminosity function
(LF), with respect to galaxy spectral type, of field galaxies with redshift
z<0.5, using a sample of 80,820 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the
Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field. For all galaxy spectral types combined,
the LF slope, alpha, ranges from -1.24 to -1.12, from the lowest redshift bin
to the highest. In the lowest redshift bin (0.02<z<0.1), where the magnitude
limit is M(V) ~ -13, the slope ranges from ~ -1.1 for galaxies with early-type
spectral energy distributions (SEDs), to ~ -1.9 for galaxies with
low-extinction starburst SEDs. In each galaxy SED category (Ell, Sbc, Scd/Irr,
and starburst), the faint-end slopes grow shallower with increasing redshift;
in the highest redshift bin (0.4<z<0.5), the slope is ~ -0.5 and ~ -1.3 for
early-types and starbursts respectively. The steepness of alpha at lower
redshift could be qualitatively explained by large numbers of faint dwarf
galaxies, perhaps of low surface brightness, which are not detected at higher
redshifts.
| astro-ph | we examine the faintend slope of the restframe vband luminosity function lf with respect to galaxy spectral type of field galaxies with redshift z05 using a sample of 80820 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the cosmic evolution survey cosmos field for all galaxy spectral types combined the lf slope alpha ranges from 124 to 112 from the lowest redshift bin to the highest in the lowest redshift bin 002z01 where the magnitude limit is mv 13 the slope ranges from 11 for galaxies with earlytype spectral energy distributions seds to 19 for galaxies with lowextinction starburst seds in each galaxy sed category ell sbc scdirr and starburst the faintend slopes grow shallower with increasing redshift in the highest redshift bin 04z05 the slope is 05 and 13 for earlytypes and starbursts respectively the steepness of alpha at lower redshift could be qualitatively explained by large numbers of faint dwarf galaxies perhaps of low surface brightness which are not detected at higher redshifts | [['we', 'examine', 'the', 'faintend', 'slope', 'of', 'the', 'restframe', 'vband', 'luminosity', 'function', 'lf', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'galaxy', 'spectral', 'type', 'of', 'field', 'galaxies', 'with', 'redshift', 'z05', 'using', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '80820', 'galaxies', 'with', 'photometric', 'redshifts', 'in', 'the', 'cosmic', 'evolution', 'survey', 'cosmos', 'field', 'for', 'all', 'galaxy', 'spectral', 'types', 'combined', 'the', 'lf', 'slope', 'alpha', 'ranges', 'from', '124', 'to', '112', 'from', 'the', 'lowest', 'redshift', 'bin', 'to', 'the', 'highest', 'in', 'the', 'lowest', 'redshift', 'bin', '002z01', 'where', 'the', 'magnitude', 'limit', 'is', 'mv', '13', 'the', 'slope', 'ranges', 'from', '11', 'for', 'galaxies', 'with', 'earlytype', 'spectral', 'energy', 'distributions', 'seds', 'to', '19', 'for', 'galaxies', 'with', 'lowextinction', 'starburst', 'seds', 'in', 'each', 'galaxy', 'sed', 'category', 'ell', 'sbc', 'scdirr', 'and', 'starburst', 'the', 'faintend', 'slopes', 'grow', 'shallower', 'with', 'increasing', 'redshift', 'in', 'the', 'highest', 'redshift', 'bin', '04z05', 'the', 'slope', 'is', '05', 'and', '13', 'for', 'earlytypes', 'and', 'starbursts', 'respectively', 'the', 'steepness', 'of', 'alpha', 'at', 'lower', 'redshift', 'could', 'be', 'qualitatively', 'explained', 'by', 'large', 'numbers', 'of', 'faint', 'dwarf', 'galaxies', 'perhaps', 'of', 'low', 'surface', 'brightness', 'which', 'are', 'not', 'detected', 'at', 'higher', 'redshifts']] | [0.023578600050096616, 0.09288035608453196, -0.08229730971766717, 0.136656755653251, -0.10158473347993158, -0.05919130918212563, 0.010699234336157734, 0.5107859542605074, -0.055005351676014044, -0.39489573143523643, -0.049380124452869475, -0.3210162176990753, 0.09063435608463262, 0.19377947382997932, -0.029165152672666516, -0.014396485925283073, -0.022796724165157187, -0.1836542424060545, -0.04930627261198407, -0.3563929377943746, 0.318273301477216, 0.07062076046805149, 0.18161917921835147, -0.1303740936289717, 0.047188960441897784, -0.09592739188913314, -0.09978794723561725, -0.04719432442794618, -0.23702510722119174, -0.05674280553072129, 0.32397082590486315, 0.082858266919535, 0.24701029862754587, -0.19172538345387322, -0.16588668569149273, 0.13171558102311673, 0.23494573602593452, -0.020597930672525796, -0.02665002917308571, -0.21348788711072514, 0.11386153214089807, -0.18326214056333187, -0.15818136919922424, 0.18451786847673826, 0.045813610427280736, 0.07281032322946959, -0.1753475785463369, 0.24876927843598542, -0.04741299872831354, 0.15464261380381555, -0.15701759169932525, -0.1473487610723706, -0.11992638985151952, 0.039376256899591885, 0.004475381831585799, 0.14194987863067937, 0.1895282935452173, -0.2117162602221441, 0.04474058292173552, 0.38674360855757817, -0.0750408610486449, 0.09468182810705225, 0.19780700460790931, -0.279891835674995, -0.19413801120102125, 0.14349013849076633, 0.13805139883503365, 0.03514461267341233, -0.11245673197854615, 0.03451130841913598, 0.07984181668619632, 0.29451784136582093, 0.030301513176692545, 0.0750004724373729, 0.2980719193781956, 0.014656356570996204, 0.08810001465275227, 0.04030272887167433, -0.24484476592954038, 0.07832267684217706, -0.2615786781124536, -0.051339489524984884, -0.15200455991167622, 0.14108491210574825, -0.23427815938270694, -0.08100025469961476, 0.3897568857555026, 0.04999962778258249, 0.2971570074804268, 0.2406301941677237, 0.2467448696048942, 0.1510274858102671, 0.158622637947541, 0.10200160398563873, 0.3031926085504721, 0.16597556876042072, 0.047329616071012034, -0.2060249510101107, -0.006959984951752162, 0.0005537254246919703] |
708.1546 | Relationship between macroscopic physical properties and local
distortions of low doping La{1-x}Ca{x}MnO3: an EXAFS study | A temperature-dependent EXAFS investigation of La{1-x}Ca{x}MnO3 is presented
for the concentration range that spans the ferromagnetic-insulator (FMI) to
ferromagnetic-metal (FMM) transition region, x = 0.16-0.22. The samples are
insulating for x = 0.16-0.2 and show a metal/insulator transition for x = 0.22.
All samples are ferromagnetic although the saturation magnetization for the 16%
Ca sample is only ~ 70% of the expected value at 0.4T. We find that the FMI
samples have similar correlations between changes in the local Mn-O distortions
and the magnetization as observed previously for the colossal magnetoresistance
(CMR) samples (0.2 < x < 0.5) - except that the FMI samples never become fully
magnetized. The data show that there are at least two distinct types of
distortions. The initial distortions removed as the insulating sample becomes
magnetized are small and provides direct evidence that roughly 50% of the Mn
sites have a small distortion/site and are magnetized first. The large
remaining Mn-O distortions at low T are attributed to a small fraction of
Jahn-Teller-distorted Mn sites that are either antiferromagnetically ordered or
unmagnetized. Thus the insulating samples are very similar to the behavior of
the CMR samples up to the point at which the M/I transition occurs for the CMR
materials. The lack of metallic conductivity for x <= 0.2, when 50% or more of
the sample is magnetic, implies that there must be preferred magnetized Mn
sites and that such sites do not percolate at these concentrations.
| cond-mat.str-el | a temperaturedependent exafs investigation of la1xcaxmno3 is presented for the concentration range that spans the ferromagneticinsulator fmi to ferromagneticmetal fmm transition region x 016022 the samples are insulating for x 01602 and show a metalinsulator transition for x 022 all samples are ferromagnetic although the saturation magnetization for the 16 ca sample is only 70 of the expected value at 04t we find that the fmi samples have similar correlations between changes in the local mno distortions and the magnetization as observed previously for the colossal magnetoresistance cmr samples 02 x 05 except that the fmi samples never become fully magnetized the data show that there are at least two distinct types of distortions the initial distortions removed as the insulating sample becomes magnetized are small and provides direct evidence that roughly 50 of the mn sites have a small distortionsite and are magnetized first the large remaining mno distortions at low t are attributed to a small fraction of jahntellerdistorted mn sites that are either antiferromagnetically ordered or unmagnetized thus the insulating samples are very similar to the behavior of the cmr samples up to the point at which the mi transition occurs for the cmr materials the lack of metallic conductivity for x 02 when 50 or more of the sample is magnetic implies that there must be preferred magnetized mn sites and that such sites do not percolate at these concentrations | [['a', 'temperaturedependent', 'exafs', 'investigation', 'of', 'la1xcaxmno3', 'is', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'concentration', 'range', 'that', 'spans', 'the', 'ferromagneticinsulator', 'fmi', 'to', 'ferromagneticmetal', 'fmm', 'transition', 'region', 'x', '016022', 'the', 'samples', 'are', 'insulating', 'for', 'x', '01602', 'and', 'show', 'a', 'metalinsulator', 'transition', 'for', 'x', '022', 'all', 'samples', 'are', 'ferromagnetic', 'although', 'the', 'saturation', 'magnetization', 'for', 'the', 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708.1547 | Strichartz Estimates for the Schroedinger Equation with Time-Periodic
L^{n/2} Potentials | We prove Strichartz estimates for the Schroedinger operator $H = -\Delta +
V(t,x)$ with time-periodic complex potentials $V$ belonging to the
scaling-critical space $L^{n/2}_x L^\infty_t$ in dimensions $n \ge 3$. This is
done directly from estimates on the resolvent rather than using dispersive
bounds, as the latter generally require a stronger regularity condition than
what is stated above. In typical fashion, we project onto the continuous
spectrum of the operator and must assume an absence of resonances. Eigenvalues
are permissible at any location in the spectrum, including at threshold
energies, provided that the associated eigenfunction decays sufficiently
rapidly.
| math.AP math-ph math.MP | we prove strichartz estimates for the schroedinger operator h delta vtx with timeperiodic complex potentials v belonging to the scalingcritical space ln2_x linfty_t in dimensions n ge 3 this is done directly from estimates on the resolvent rather than using dispersive bounds as the latter generally require a stronger regularity condition than what is stated above in typical fashion we project onto the continuous spectrum of the operator and must assume an absence of resonances eigenvalues are permissible at any location in the spectrum including at threshold energies provided that the associated eigenfunction decays sufficiently rapidly | [['we', 'prove', 'strichartz', 'estimates', 'for', 'the', 'schroedinger', 'operator', 'h', 'delta', 'vtx', 'with', 'timeperiodic', 'complex', 'potentials', 'v', 'belonging', 'to', 'the', 'scalingcritical', 'space', 'ln2_x', 'linfty_t', 'in', 'dimensions', 'n', 'ge', '3', 'this', 'is', 'done', 'directly', 'from', 'estimates', 'on', 'the', 'resolvent', 'rather', 'than', 'using', 'dispersive', 'bounds', 'as', 'the', 'latter', 'generally', 'require', 'a', 'stronger', 'regularity', 'condition', 'than', 'what', 'is', 'stated', 'above', 'in', 'typical', 'fashion', 'we', 'project', 'onto', 'the', 'continuous', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'operator', 'and', 'must', 'assume', 'an', 'absence', 'of', 'resonances', 'eigenvalues', 'are', 'permissible', 'at', 'any', 'location', 'in', 'the', 'spectrum', 'including', 'at', 'threshold', 'energies', 'provided', 'that', 'the', 'associated', 'eigenfunction', 'decays', 'sufficiently', 'rapidly']] | [-0.10866639083741526, 0.13899161387862957, -0.017055809140009315, 0.09435813364842416, -0.054827065020799634, -0.15737352311905278, 0.0013345798734869612, 0.3619213834404945, -0.2260106804682628, -0.2397817031333321, 0.10574319300021191, -0.32422488469532446, -0.06133931906906104, 0.19210617131504573, -0.009292414294261682, 0.05227479252376054, 0.07716268284344359, 0.1126224107550163, -0.0770677377886482, -0.17420787074186497, 0.37390939156083686, 0.009249174822808097, 0.1797494600453463, 0.039464304490799185, 0.00754977261745616, -9.385581912570878e-05, 0.02194203989286172, -0.05889722102499371, -0.16983700674310584, 0.08617649798918711, 0.20247284228129214, 0.0728500143061147, 0.28001700852948586, -0.4033732398364105, -0.20035980538906237, 0.1715638736238409, 0.17546883978831926, 0.04306566375185197, -0.008245616751772008, -0.3052293264061997, 0.09977544707515718, -0.07626239790728218, -0.2149911103574069, -0.020944934269707453, 0.0428749450629479, 0.002483139347628151, -0.3412832801083201, 0.10505744931288064, 0.07593700653799859, 0.046031783489314346, -0.09744356758402366, -0.13279213238703577, -0.052686889847054295, 0.05790112917801659, -0.001049826060127663, 0.03677164248043769, 0.0753770353064235, -0.0913836790469328, -0.02747750412672758, 0.33645020335618603, -0.08589790288058698, -0.22544556028748813, 0.1608485558707463, -0.21907601254551035, -0.10295231360451955, 0.13449247815695248, 0.12035550749615619, 0.13124567608986246, -0.11044218965904101, 0.1596643063932118, -0.008783174061069363, 0.15894435388281158, 0.11760208982680188, 0.06251059013271802, 0.07621874655351828, 0.08269521528364797, 0.1687706803216746, 0.08604216532487619, -0.01917010384280921, -0.03429788156951728, -0.3660606001356715, -0.07846733856897213, -0.2239301525427053, 0.10534284356613889, -0.09582913698319125, -0.1398891805536359, 0.36101320379560714, 0.1038407958259708, 0.21912482050216855, 0.06866103517577836, 0.2241825775292359, 0.1932325307659707, 0.07586077195102055, 0.12619680011595943, 0.20863874140930802, 0.11665554687772926, 0.12988267886501395, -0.16869348049114802, 0.030347720210097337, 0.12595945643751244] |
708.1548 | Comment on ``Precision measurement of the Casimir-Lifshitz force in a
fluid'' | Recently J.N. Munday and F. Capasso [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 75}, 060102(R) (2007);
arXiv:0705.3793] claimed that they have performed a precision measurement of
the Casimir force between a sphere and a plate coated with Au, both immersed in
ethanol. The measurement results were claimed to be consistent with the
Lifshitz theory. We demonstrate that the calculation of the Casimir force
between the smooth bodies following the authors prescription has a discrepancy
up to 25% with respect to authors result. We show also that the attractive
electrostatic force only due to the surface potential differences was
underestimated by a factor of 590 and the charge double layer interaction was
not taken into account. All this leads to the conclusion that the results of
this experiment are in fact uncertain.
| physics.atom-ph cond-mat.stat-mech physics.gen-ph quant-ph | recently jn munday and f capasso phys rev a bf 75 060102r 2007 arxiv07053793 claimed that they have performed a precision measurement of the casimir force between a sphere and a plate coated with au both immersed in ethanol the measurement results were claimed to be consistent with the lifshitz theory we demonstrate that the calculation of the casimir force between the smooth bodies following the authors prescription has a discrepancy up to 25 with respect to authors result we show also that the attractive electrostatic force only due to the surface potential differences was underestimated by a factor of 590 and the charge double layer interaction was not taken into account all this leads to the conclusion that the results of this experiment are in fact uncertain | [['recently', 'jn', 'munday', 'and', 'f', 'capasso', 'phys', 'rev', 'a', 'bf', '75', '060102r', '2007', 'arxiv07053793', 'claimed', 'that', 'they', 'have', 'performed', 'a', 'precision', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'casimir', 'force', 'between', 'a', 'sphere', 'and', 'a', 'plate', 'coated', 'with', 'au', 'both', 'immersed', 'in', 'ethanol', 'the', 'measurement', 'results', 'were', 'claimed', 'to', 'be', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'lifshitz', 'theory', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'the', 'calculation', 'of', 'the', 'casimir', 'force', 'between', 'the', 'smooth', 'bodies', 'following', 'the', 'authors', 'prescription', 'has', 'a', 'discrepancy', 'up', 'to', '25', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'authors', 'result', 'we', 'show', 'also', 'that', 'the', 'attractive', 'electrostatic', 'force', 'only', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'surface', 'potential', 'differences', 'was', 'underestimated', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '590', 'and', 'the', 'charge', 'double', 'layer', 'interaction', 'was', 'not', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'all', 'this', 'leads', 'to', 'the', 'conclusion', 'that', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'this', 'experiment', 'are', 'in', 'fact', 'uncertain']] | [-0.09693708155257627, 0.10324639080092311, -0.10556691683083773, -0.02283299851603806, -0.027047508593648673, -0.11191807880625129, 0.05298181182146072, 0.367683338008821, -0.17182878591120243, -0.34792101064184683, 0.008193970208987593, -0.3096450662314892, -0.13534248301386834, 0.18438648529350757, -0.07901179940812289, 0.03311066457629204, 0.05176987752132118, -0.015200267121195793, -0.06321130738873035, -0.25833812880143525, 0.2638960885051638, 0.0747670975998044, 0.23761843356490137, 0.1259187002927065, 0.06866873579379171, -0.01678589740023017, -0.011180264618247747, 0.06800952535774558, -0.15947745585930534, 0.08106708171963692, 0.1888736330200918, -0.012723459333181381, 0.2443290719203651, -0.4200745016932487, -0.2075812644548714, 0.08413873226568103, 0.05774558501318097, 0.09679722738079727, -0.043041727982461454, -0.29376657389104366, 0.07237415224127472, -0.20292677902895956, -0.132467115778476, -0.03927885907888413, 0.08744144815765321, -0.0077275591641664506, -0.26534051599353553, 0.11123542753770016, 0.08357917764224113, 0.030519302820786832, -0.08180650034546852, -0.11321195797249675, -0.006316308427602052, 0.0856222520954907, 0.08208852045983075, 0.11668285313993693, 0.14662593365460636, -0.04790710136294365, -0.07338144355081022, 0.35897798791527746, -0.07023531172424555, -0.17552563339751215, 0.2275744066759944, -0.16611422901973127, -0.06124158727377653, 0.13630914621800183, 0.1087681037299335, 0.08033205354586244, -0.16054564382880926, 0.07973875921266153, -0.04721952416468412, 0.18613933374732733, 0.12462991381064058, -0.06691719110310078, 0.17875011083669962, 0.09554006573930383, -0.006893548896536231, 0.09274657877068966, -0.10001206876337529, -0.06466628196462988, -0.3003835412599146, -0.18479127011448146, -0.18509836158063261, 0.05618474672932643, -0.0195527190748835, -0.11330635124992114, 0.32327227270416914, 0.13505764888226987, 0.2017119972333312, -0.0074489316940307615, 0.2448663681447506, 0.08886081396043301, 0.1012287080604583, 0.05637507273256779, 0.35488465494103727, 0.16415236113592982, 0.0866048617437482, -0.20743403848819433, 0.020294275468215345, 0.03626479262113571] |
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