id
float64
706
1.8k
title
stringlengths
1
343
abstract
stringlengths
6
6.09k
categories
stringlengths
5
125
processed_abstract
stringlengths
2
5.96k
tokenized_abstract
stringlengths
8
8.74k
centroid
stringlengths
2.1k
2.17k
708.1649
Scattered Emission from A Relativistic Outflow and Its Application to Gamma-Ray Bursts
We investigate a scenario of photons scattering by electrons within a relativistic outflow. The outflow is composed of discrete shells with different speeds. One shell emits radiation for a short duration. Some of this radiation is scattered by the shell(s) behind. We calculate in a simple two-shell model the observed scattered flux density as a function of the observed primary flux density, the normalized arrival time delay between the two emission components, the Lorentz factor ratio of the two shells and the scattering shell's optical depth. Thomson scattering in a cold shell and inverse Compton scattering in a hot shell are both considered. The results of our calculations are applied to the Gamma-Ray Bursts and the afterglows. We find that the scattered flux from a cold slower shell is small and likely to be detected only for those bursts with very weak afterglows. A hot scattering shell could give rise to a scattered emission as bright as the X-ray shallow decay component detected in many bursts, on a condition that the isotropically equivalent total energy carried by the hot electrons is large, $\sim 10^{52-56}$ erg. The scattered emission from a faster shell could appear as a late short $\gamma$-ray/MeV flash or become part of the prompt emission depending on the delay of the ejection of the shell.
astro-ph
we investigate a scenario of photons scattering by electrons within a relativistic outflow the outflow is composed of discrete shells with different speeds one shell emits radiation for a short duration some of this radiation is scattered by the shells behind we calculate in a simple twoshell model the observed scattered flux density as a function of the observed primary flux density the normalized arrival time delay between the two emission components the lorentz factor ratio of the two shells and the scattering shells optical depth thomson scattering in a cold shell and inverse compton scattering in a hot shell are both considered the results of our calculations are applied to the gammaray bursts and the afterglows we find that the scattered flux from a cold slower shell is small and likely to be detected only for those bursts with very weak afterglows a hot scattering shell could give rise to a scattered emission as bright as the xray shallow decay component detected in many bursts on a condition that the isotropically equivalent total energy carried by the hot electrons is large sim 105256 erg the scattered emission from a faster shell could appear as a late short gammaraymev flash or become part of the prompt emission depending on the delay of the ejection of the shell
[['we', 'investigate', 'a', 'scenario', 'of', 'photons', 'scattering', 'by', 'electrons', 'within', 'a', 'relativistic', 'outflow', 'the', 'outflow', 'is', 'composed', 'of', 'discrete', 'shells', 'with', 'different', 'speeds', 'one', 'shell', 'emits', 'radiation', 'for', 'a', 'short', 'duration', 'some', 'of', 'this', 'radiation', 'is', 'scattered', 'by', 'the', 'shells', 'behind', 'we', 'calculate', 'in', 'a', 'simple', 'twoshell', 'model', 'the', 'observed', 'scattered', 'flux', 'density', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'primary', 'flux', 'density', 'the', 'normalized', 'arrival', 'time', 'delay', 'between', 'the', 'two', 'emission', 'components', 'the', 'lorentz', 'factor', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'shells', 'and', 'the', 'scattering', 'shells', 'optical', 'depth', 'thomson', 'scattering', 'in', 'a', 'cold', 'shell', 'and', 'inverse', 'compton', 'scattering', 'in', 'a', 'hot', 'shell', 'are', 'both', 'considered', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'our', 'calculations', 'are', 'applied', 'to', 'the', 'gammaray', 'bursts', 'and', 'the', 'afterglows', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'scattered', 'flux', 'from', 'a', 'cold', 'slower', 'shell', 'is', 'small', 'and', 'likely', 'to', 'be', 'detected', 'only', 'for', 'those', 'bursts', 'with', 'very', 'weak', 'afterglows', 'a', 'hot', 'scattering', 'shell', 'could', 'give', 'rise', 'to', 'a', 'scattered', 'emission', 'as', 'bright', 'as', 'the', 'xray', 'shallow', 'decay', 'component', 'detected', 'in', 'many', 'bursts', 'on', 'a', 'condition', 'that', 'the', 'isotropically', 'equivalent', 'total', 'energy', 'carried', 'by', 'the', 'hot', 'electrons', 'is', 'large', 'sim', '105256', 'erg', 'the', 'scattered', 'emission', 'from', 'a', 'faster', 'shell', 'could', 'appear', 'as', 'a', 'late', 'short', 'gammaraymev', 'flash', 'or', 'become', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'prompt', 'emission', 'depending', 'on', 'the', 'delay', 'of', 'the', 'ejection', 'of', 'the', 'shell']]
[-0.09836715951908466, 0.19061450620051906, -0.053038102031013994, 0.145982930321398, -0.04472349730515203, -0.07209529112807886, -0.0024267227410577066, 0.44022182908862134, -0.21958581490745377, -0.29186626514853087, 0.03827534700353998, -0.3227597144107486, 0.011458678568475121, 0.18693331184710354, 0.04298515557528062, -0.04491611805549541, 0.047805145405622765, -0.041251596713135406, -0.047882152612992494, -0.15819564508274198, 0.2901090249717019, 0.10653021767692164, 0.1947420239925038, 0.055566049451658196, 0.05756070622091376, -0.033521133051578736, -0.020701936996260356, -0.026005762735338406, -0.059151946930120006, 0.061198208788897146, 0.17292251250175975, 0.0800160207590738, 0.19217821775047586, -0.465981839989247, -0.267408606646106, 0.060209842855760524, 0.17171784169257207, 0.04664461292586354, -0.05493038047015732, -0.2598835954399303, -0.02723056131724788, -0.19185801160976637, -0.16061942122746692, 0.09225193278777391, 0.07402460233330034, 0.05294357656587868, -0.21495090942656578, 0.10072726464375507, 0.025392797045669584, -0.026742280914947705, -0.08686174681859611, -0.04297572668468536, -0.0012107946715036104, 0.028145293192396503, 0.099672142242428, 0.02583177495141362, 0.18144332059377502, -0.12622706535662157, -0.026601962758184865, 0.42698868931552697, -0.10198569944951423, -0.040092488363125296, 0.19005286562754664, -0.18723571086735574, -0.0797649526145569, 0.2907695623861929, 0.15209723812701223, 0.11615057107234417, -0.1311543787244794, -0.031119139658200533, -0.040612997979922, 0.19290868044765883, 0.08844298109693756, 0.04303401639078592, 0.2811658853751629, 0.14456849871474037, -0.033115524302140625, 0.15350767630017037, -0.2241538294553107, -0.012999501505996599, -0.3224865709193224, -0.10083372009874776, -0.17654130826974937, 0.10462349634617567, -0.06959427339972409, -0.16499135173034182, 0.35345581100473916, 0.0542412475812747, 0.2123821681311224, 0.016858687587515558, 0.3171693245858647, 0.13292644833117118, 0.07536400959848664, 0.15810331663246766, 0.32693100119900326, 0.16053110144079424, 0.09644692480390848, -0.2364719219359591, 0.04766255454891253, -0.0008492219565046388]
708.165
Checking the reliability of equivalent width R23 for estimating metallicities of galaxies
We verify whether the O/H abundances of galaxies can be derived from the equivalent width (EW) R23 instead of the extinction-corrected flux R23, and eventually propose a method of improving the reliability of this empirical method, which is often used for the non-flux calibrated spectra of galaxies. We select 37,173 star-forming galaxies from the SDSS-DR2, which offers a wide range of properties to test the EW method. The EW-R23 method brings with it a significant bias: for the bulk of SDSS galaxies, it may affect the determination of log(O/H) by factors ranging from -0.2 to 0.1 dex and for some galaxies by factors ranging from -0.5 to 0.2 dex. We characterize this discrepancy (or bias) by alpha = (I_[OII]/I_Hbeta)/(EW_[OII]/EW_Hbeta), which is virtually independent of dust extinction, while tightly correlating with Dn(4000), although at a lower significance, with (g-r) colors. The EW-R23 method cannot be used as a proxy for the extinction-corrected flux R23 method. From analytical third-order polynomial fits of alpha versus (g-r) colors, we have been able to correct the EW-R23 method. With this additional and easy correction, the EW-R23 method provides O/H abundance values similar to those derived from the extinction-corrected flux R23 method with an accuracy of ~0.1 dex for >92% of the SDSS galaxies.
astro-ph
we verify whether the oh abundances of galaxies can be derived from the equivalent width ew r23 instead of the extinctioncorrected flux r23 and eventually propose a method of improving the reliability of this empirical method which is often used for the nonflux calibrated spectra of galaxies we select 37173 starforming galaxies from the sdssdr2 which offers a wide range of properties to test the ew method the ewr23 method brings with it a significant bias for the bulk of sdss galaxies it may affect the determination of logoh by factors ranging from 02 to 01 dex and for some galaxies by factors ranging from 05 to 02 dex we characterize this discrepancy or bias by alpha i_oiii_hbetaew_oiiew_hbeta which is virtually independent of dust extinction while tightly correlating with dn4000 although at a lower significance with gr colors the ewr23 method cannot be used as a proxy for the extinctioncorrected flux r23 method from analytical thirdorder polynomial fits of alpha versus gr colors we have been able to correct the ewr23 method with this additional and easy correction the ewr23 method provides oh abundance values similar to those derived from the extinctioncorrected flux r23 method with an accuracy of 01 dex for 92 of the sdss galaxies
[['we', 'verify', 'whether', 'the', 'oh', 'abundances', 'of', 'galaxies', 'can', 'be', 'derived', 'from', 'the', 'equivalent', 'width', 'ew', 'r23', 'instead', 'of', 'the', 'extinctioncorrected', 'flux', 'r23', 'and', 'eventually', 'propose', 'a', 'method', 'of', 'improving', 'the', 'reliability', 'of', 'this', 'empirical', 'method', 'which', 'is', 'often', 'used', 'for', 'the', 'nonflux', 'calibrated', 'spectra', 'of', 'galaxies', 'we', 'select', '37173', 'starforming', 'galaxies', 'from', 'the', 'sdssdr2', 'which', 'offers', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'properties', 'to', 'test', 'the', 'ew', 'method', 'the', 'ewr23', 'method', 'brings', 'with', 'it', 'a', 'significant', 'bias', 'for', 'the', 'bulk', 'of', 'sdss', 'galaxies', 'it', 'may', 'affect', 'the', 'determination', 'of', 'logoh', 'by', 'factors', 'ranging', 'from', '02', 'to', '01', 'dex', 'and', 'for', 'some', 'galaxies', 'by', 'factors', 'ranging', 'from', '05', 'to', '02', 'dex', 'we', 'characterize', 'this', 'discrepancy', 'or', 'bias', 'by', 'alpha', 'i_oiii_hbetaew_oiiew_hbeta', 'which', 'is', 'virtually', 'independent', 'of', 'dust', 'extinction', 'while', 'tightly', 'correlating', 'with', 'dn4000', 'although', 'at', 'a', 'lower', 'significance', 'with', 'gr', 'colors', 'the', 'ewr23', 'method', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'proxy', 'for', 'the', 'extinctioncorrected', 'flux', 'r23', 'method', 'from', 'analytical', 'thirdorder', 'polynomial', 'fits', 'of', 'alpha', 'versus', 'gr', 'colors', 'we', 'have', 'been', 'able', 'to', 'correct', 'the', 'ewr23', 'method', 'with', 'this', 'additional', 'and', 'easy', 'correction', 'the', 'ewr23', 'method', 'provides', 'oh', 'abundance', 'values', 'similar', 'to', 'those', 'derived', 'from', 'the', 'extinctioncorrected', 'flux', 'r23', 'method', 'with', 'an', 'accuracy', 'of', '01', 'dex', 'for', '92', 'of', 'the', 'sdss', 'galaxies']]
[0.04066038686645831, 0.04098556892805812, -0.07896633588640792, 0.09334940880979979, -0.038435887813954274, -0.10738129422931773, 0.08930000012695062, 0.4531233860179782, -0.15816401545548947, -0.3995867795293878, 0.012163232266902923, -0.27536563647502077, -0.023844380801679884, 0.21320583154674527, -0.08279784840145489, 0.015742925419429565, -0.0003422291054980966, -0.08971608614821623, -0.06558950959432235, -0.27772377034785545, 0.2615995096769638, 0.042411933153322555, 0.22490422031047141, -0.0002506377777402721, 0.05518902074772774, -0.11909406032504105, -0.07939155130397256, 0.03845154204769287, -0.18742230512519797, 0.09024087251050443, 0.2351201220290599, 0.12016131747141338, 0.21657715568364394, -0.2637284559493021, -0.1647609893119008, 0.09491906118048242, 0.1879739295577676, 0.08016569450577131, -0.05259624484414661, -0.250631882868162, 0.10121409279271597, -0.16608325640398372, -0.14252073828630696, 0.017111472849075385, 0.020644650944485896, 0.03274034975613354, -0.2911761879796026, 0.16000022054309163, -0.011074752307201667, 0.10855398995620084, -0.05638640119989471, -0.1527828918815386, -0.07354331478794537, 0.12363284831616755, 0.026435575198109556, 0.09287283091476504, 0.14540605265874323, -0.11319121603467842, -0.0011378892532708804, 0.4430316163363253, -0.10206625958984127, -0.06306508305914155, 0.16123969081743825, -0.14067057588296691, -0.14825351067205392, 0.1591566639657064, 0.11763317502393364, 0.11847583617753826, -0.16242468980618002, 0.028530508142657486, -0.004223433554899402, 0.24678663066247614, 0.02811837055970256, 0.038398323417073346, 0.22923398231406036, 0.0518118628925394, 0.0651219061967667, 0.05690444423817098, -0.1882333001031018, 0.01975931347356314, -0.2439125164162095, -0.11279783330448881, -0.11083773780477847, 0.09206926346218453, -0.1872709521476503, -0.13240447515258338, 0.3495681160288613, 0.17814827767461994, 0.21061917491620633, 0.11861560924557923, 0.3050138888369519, 0.148016837137615, 0.12160974943601503, 0.057807259216177756, 0.2918800697441883, 0.16859782089524697, 0.03313792882055589, -0.2349147795086227, 0.08623808504581996, 0.0495740300862164]
708.1651
The Hall Number, Optical Sum Rule and Carrier Density for the $t$-$t'$-$J$ model
We revisit the relationship between three classical measures of particle number, namely the chemical doping $x$, the Hall number $x_{hall}$ and the particle number inferred from the optical sum rule $x_{opt}$. We study the $t$-$t'$-$J$ model of correlations on a square lattice, as a minimal model for High $T_c$ systems, using numerical methods to evaluate the low temperature Kubo conductivites. These measures disagree significantly in this type of system, owing to Mott Hubbard correlations. The Hall constant has a complex behavior with several changes of sign as a function of filling $x$, depending upon the model parameters. Thus $x_{hall}$ depends sensitively on $t'$ and $J$, due to a kind of quantum interference.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.supr-con
we revisit the relationship between three classical measures of particle number namely the chemical doping x the hall number x_hall and the particle number inferred from the optical sum rule x_opt we study the ttj model of correlations on a square lattice as a minimal model for high t_c systems using numerical methods to evaluate the low temperature kubo conductivites these measures disagree significantly in this type of system owing to mott hubbard correlations the hall constant has a complex behavior with several changes of sign as a function of filling x depending upon the model parameters thus x_hall depends sensitively on t and j due to a kind of quantum interference
[['we', 'revisit', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'three', 'classical', 'measures', 'of', 'particle', 'number', 'namely', 'the', 'chemical', 'doping', 'x', 'the', 'hall', 'number', 'x_hall', 'and', 'the', 'particle', 'number', 'inferred', 'from', 'the', 'optical', 'sum', 'rule', 'x_opt', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'ttj', 'model', 'of', 'correlations', 'on', 'a', 'square', 'lattice', 'as', 'a', 'minimal', 'model', 'for', 'high', 't_c', 'systems', 'using', 'numerical', 'methods', 'to', 'evaluate', 'the', 'low', 'temperature', 'kubo', 'conductivites', 'these', 'measures', 'disagree', 'significantly', 'in', 'this', 'type', 'of', 'system', 'owing', 'to', 'mott', 'hubbard', 'correlations', 'the', 'hall', 'constant', 'has', 'a', 'complex', 'behavior', 'with', 'several', 'changes', 'of', 'sign', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'filling', 'x', 'depending', 'upon', 'the', 'model', 'parameters', 'thus', 'x_hall', 'depends', 'sensitively', 'on', 't', 'and', 'j', 'due', 'to', 'a', 'kind', 'of', 'quantum', 'interference']]
[-0.1509293711684439, 0.16192491625973937, -0.055083282319657985, 0.045100796462566414, -0.030932532514471117, -0.1674719987086815, 0.13040366572319367, 0.31806670613330573, -0.2640965894086782, -0.31246614104153914, 0.05010976190379727, -0.3079425954866573, -0.1356904286540908, 0.17722991523717385, 0.0051723978217315236, 0.03350108118039992, -0.029826613907796253, 0.0161478396210341, -0.14098766467474197, -0.22686955768726083, 0.3226520619696912, 0.0293289326171929, 0.2768002676026182, 0.091543214175628, 0.0899757747303421, 0.03426741977241488, 0.019154295795212644, 0.05397126699772176, -0.15925871043192616, 0.03625201876228515, 0.16044126034269982, 0.0005129831415865946, 0.2226128172249012, -0.3766409844553115, -0.20394030874680488, 0.09204173389378478, 0.10835694502013812, 0.10005801182599106, 0.008247520242723714, -0.22116845514721234, 0.015009789218177694, -0.1940826421385682, -0.10252162063101289, -0.06326764447768347, 0.024635967800667118, 0.042480756250987635, -0.25236298881231917, 0.10511063956100186, 0.022010137497900276, 0.09552291927317429, -0.04486496796737502, -0.1729985495437569, -0.03029293340092542, 0.08857919551739725, 0.04292335788774894, 0.05282742473929095, 0.14983653698389957, -0.16359536253590587, -0.1265483399460075, 0.37231496241319617, -0.07238533589433571, -0.19052387396335055, 0.20923835776507035, -0.19238257013398027, -0.0810812778788012, 0.1109951121856484, 0.149378503476261, 0.07549518071661848, -0.09768505994264685, 0.10407804853497543, -0.05741172027126662, 0.1907564835674172, 0.012041352424394646, 0.072143799445908, 0.22216430079157745, 0.1638488969893767, 0.03613853234148354, 0.1275132707055282, -0.11602523213961598, -0.09563572558044635, -0.2582311547369859, -0.14658610292906882, -0.23136327370420234, 0.08129847317575178, -0.10732327751070901, -0.18487231806775026, 0.40170094344141216, 0.17322822037065366, 0.2394328979442084, 0.016022150052301246, 0.23039779431024277, 0.13900497831498196, 0.03499878056287561, 0.011757147974770414, 0.1954803918595127, 0.158330769485307, 0.09484717174253743, -0.3105213257693472, 0.07164124823645304, 0.0909275146171348]
708.1652
Evidence for $b \to d \gamma$ Transitions From a Sum of Exclusive Final States in the Hadronic Final State Mass Range $1.0 {GeV}/c^2< M(X_d)<1.8 {GeV}/c^2$
We present preliminary results of a search for $B\to X_d\gamma$ decays with a hadronic mass 1.0 GeV/$c^2<M(X_d)<$1.8 GeV/$c^2$. We consider seven final states with up to four charged pions and one neutral pion or $\eta$, which correspond to about 50% of the total $X_d$ fragmentation in this mass range. Based on a sample of 383 million $B\bar{B}$ events collected by the BaBar experiment at PEP-II, we measure a partial branching fraction $\sum\nolimits^{7}_{X_d=1}{{\ensuremath{\cal B}\xspace}}(B\to X_d\gamma)|_{(1.0{GeV}/c^2 <M(X_d)<1.8 {GeV}/c^2)}= (3.1\pm0.9 ^{+0.6}_{-0.5} \pm0.5)\cdot 10^{-6},$ where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic and model-dependent respectively.
hep-ex
we present preliminary results of a search for bto x_dgamma decays with a hadronic mass 10 gevc2mx_d18 gevc2 we consider seven final states with up to four charged pions and one neutral pion or eta which correspond to about 50 of the total x_d fragmentation in this mass range based on a sample of 383 million bbarb events collected by the babar experiment at pepii we measure a partial branching fraction sumnolimits7_x_d1ensuremathcal bxspacebto x_dgamma_10gevc2 mx_d18 gevc2 31pm09 06_05 pm05cdot 106 where the uncertainties are statistical systematic and modeldependent respectively
[['we', 'present', 'preliminary', 'results', 'of', 'a', 'search', 'for', 'bto', 'x_dgamma', 'decays', 'with', 'a', 'hadronic', 'mass', '10', 'gevc2mx_d18', 'gevc2', 'we', 'consider', 'seven', 'final', 'states', 'with', 'up', 'to', 'four', 'charged', 'pions', 'and', 'one', 'neutral', 'pion', 'or', 'eta', 'which', 'correspond', 'to', 'about', '50', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'x_d', 'fragmentation', 'in', 'this', 'mass', 'range', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '383', 'million', 'bbarb', 'events', 'collected', 'by', 'the', 'babar', 'experiment', 'at', 'pepii', 'we', 'measure', 'a', 'partial', 'branching', 'fraction', 'sumnolimits7_x_d1ensuremathcal', 'bxspacebto', 'x_dgamma_10gevc2', 'mx_d18', 'gevc2', '31pm09', '06_05', 'pm05cdot', '106', 'where', 'the', 'uncertainties', 'are', 'statistical', 'systematic', 'and', 'modeldependent', 'respectively']]
[-0.060076655419106825, 0.2431211779534351, -0.01849952370976098, 0.07515377492381958, -0.015366335859289393, -0.06094790103379637, 0.12732779737998498, 0.3093565815128386, -0.10360013245372102, -0.35292684875894337, -0.012180553052166943, -0.4375265323440544, 0.09898125879408326, 0.13799959961907007, 0.08428817013045772, 0.12440384229412302, 0.14173910297686235, 0.020975052905851044, -0.07826669458299876, -0.2171069821342826, 0.27479717681999316, -0.0016558922710828484, 0.17394171175110387, 0.08851441888837144, 0.05609424860449508, -0.027746975206537173, -0.07501193641219288, -0.09180411682464182, -0.17244736501015723, 0.042910724403191124, 0.2182001293695066, 0.12270839735574554, 0.15616409152862615, -0.2891631237808724, -0.0017988122999668121, 0.1719825068517821, 0.12970386584638618, 0.034875420857861175, -0.056867286692431664, -0.37980371159501375, 0.16333506481314544, -0.22145255472860298, -0.05158657360007055, -0.019383811888110357, 0.048422601004131136, -0.0827455690712668, -0.33703152657253665, 0.15588412231882104, -0.10355160566978157, 0.07279152146802517, -0.027046159555902706, -0.26976166696549625, 0.011973713251063601, -0.018021810465143062, 0.05278913600341184, 0.08672413021558896, 0.24581056870520115, -0.08705558516958263, -0.16015273689990864, 0.3680924810701981, -0.06924358017276973, -0.14812603089376353, 0.14987086733744945, -0.24959918014355936, -0.1673872447514441, 0.24208163034636526, 0.2993712491705082, 0.0726792564499192, -0.26287869134685027, 0.012927633854269515, -0.0631721567013301, 0.2270804495899938, 0.10753803689149208, 0.04987855542713078, 0.1899956543216831, 0.22687193234451114, -0.010290875099599361, 0.07577791618386982, -0.15912357992783654, -0.06417433194583282, -0.38534839426283723, -0.10608744120690972, -0.004441394913010299, 0.1417221465962939, -0.05127774038555799, -0.06255676241999027, 0.3458460171241313, 0.08163586298469454, 0.38465190543793143, 0.045076889953634236, 0.28072639792226256, 0.029178295335441362, 0.03967947182100033, 0.07624773264687974, 0.2909770960104652, 0.14251015325135086, 0.12653538074082463, -0.1867338592201122, -0.02587596598896198, -0.035645162579385214]
708.1653
Transverse momentum spectra and elliptic flow: Hydrodynamics with QCD-based equations of state
We present a family of equations of state within a quasiparticle model adjusted to lattice QCD and study the impact on azimuthal flow anisotropies and transverse momentum spectra within hydrodynamic simulations for heavy-ion collisions at energies relevant for LHC.
hep-ph
we present a family of equations of state within a quasiparticle model adjusted to lattice qcd and study the impact on azimuthal flow anisotropies and transverse momentum spectra within hydrodynamic simulations for heavyion collisions at energies relevant for lhc
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'family', 'of', 'equations', 'of', 'state', 'within', 'a', 'quasiparticle', 'model', 'adjusted', 'to', 'lattice', 'qcd', 'and', 'study', 'the', 'impact', 'on', 'azimuthal', 'flow', 'anisotropies', 'and', 'transverse', 'momentum', 'spectra', 'within', 'hydrodynamic', 'simulations', 'for', 'heavyion', 'collisions', 'at', 'energies', 'relevant', 'for', 'lhc']]
[-0.10200635085885341, 0.23679170214260617, -0.18188262722478846, 0.10222331083451326, 0.005187687225257739, -0.030126900794223335, -0.05505076333140142, 0.36854601066368514, -0.20497306678682947, -0.24291239129618192, -0.06507084605833277, -0.32194930219497436, 0.07848013020478763, 0.15061185990746778, 0.15072552973213485, 0.12608152398696312, 0.1429570199420246, -0.04149549163113802, -0.06958992973877451, -0.16162057776147357, 0.3190823299332689, 0.12700764200865075, 0.2268468459877066, 0.1591333919801773, 0.11474739509419753, 0.06938945097275652, 0.01776509801260172, 0.061428189277648926, -0.25068238468315357, 0.02604001050722451, 0.25192768696265727, -0.06313290469682752, 0.14581708272751898, -0.3996760018934042, -0.20772264587382475, 0.05664805996303375, 0.1598164496035912, 0.1933266259252261, -0.052905000235813744, -0.22155480363812202, 0.07793244834129627, -0.25299647245078516, -0.15900019334199336, -0.1366914923852071, -0.01505559205244749, 0.017726974866281334, -0.3042338845343926, 0.14323685810160944, -0.07066129849483378, 0.12421072272058481, -0.0637722013470454, -0.15595354500393838, -0.08809747920634273, -0.03130121048814498, 0.04793673545683328, 0.035515913936811, 0.14941200658153647, -0.17562880798374328, -0.12254429407990895, 0.45586354770691684, -0.0287397695848575, -0.1539549015175838, 0.1156286125859389, -0.20652642772079277, -0.13475552275299263, 0.14522362653261575, 0.3403059328213716, 0.09431627679329652, -0.15235942549621448, 0.03225838150291775, -0.008906500831915017, 0.1355993994153463, 0.03855634668173316, 0.06158560858323024, 0.25041718198320806, 0.1708162954220405, -0.036877111675074466, 0.09274559749815708, -0.10574900838307655, -0.14457978470585284, -0.40938852299959994, -0.022892884336985074, -0.1469540357685242, 0.03780389713863723, -0.07177080872441785, -0.09271184569941117, 0.45112446886606705, 0.15108058826090434, 0.24771070862427735, -0.005500542071576302, 0.2779489216896204, 0.052152706823574424, 0.019314019415432062, 0.12023645935532375, 0.24705907597373694, 0.1588101376994298, 0.20984312262720403, -0.309727635473395, -0.017401503088573616, 0.13684025968019015]
708.1654
Erratum to: Deformation Quantization in Algebraic Geometry
This note contains a correction of the proofs of the main results of the paper [A. Yekutieli, Deformation quantization in algebraic geometry, Adv. Math. 198 (2005), 383-432]. The results are correct as originally stated.
math.AG math.QA
this note contains a correction of the proofs of the main results of the paper a yekutieli deformation quantization in algebraic geometry adv math 198 2005 383432 the results are correct as originally stated
[['this', 'note', 'contains', 'a', 'correction', 'of', 'the', 'proofs', 'of', 'the', 'main', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'paper', 'a', 'yekutieli', 'deformation', 'quantization', 'in', 'algebraic', 'geometry', 'adv', 'math', '198', '2005', '383432', 'the', 'results', 'are', 'correct', 'as', 'originally', 'stated']]
[-0.10450971153896359, 0.013381428344556216, -0.12748286590883226, 0.04162829158700664, -0.05994508144530383, -0.03924016188830137, -0.0014615567845546386, 0.24588615808523062, -0.20270684813008163, -0.36085889398148563, 0.11901413709292132, -0.24318664165383036, -0.2349884154444391, 0.20608490005587088, -0.2587269615720619, -0.008653507567942142, 0.07030837961726567, -0.03538996565409682, -0.092559545554898, -0.3201787686257651, 0.30405919219959865, 0.0878554365428334, 0.22704325043455217, 0.06449426157456456, 0.08199330446112787, 0.041870905396838985, -0.13299253537799371, -0.01493436527071577, -0.19281808631212422, 0.14655760929665781, 0.2997045620824351, 0.03513949330557476, 0.24739310111511836, -0.3018516086493478, -0.12722416794999983, 0.02970686315022635, 0.05162487297572873, 0.14038734685516718, 0.013521579273263782, -0.2808237617101633, 0.10247462197863073, -0.15527178042314269, -0.13772060422960555, 0.0017174799559694347, 0.08672551596255014, 0.015941125425425442, -0.21078553711148826, 0.08027966803109104, 0.2464448306427309, 0.08728372785403873, -0.0743703103172734, -0.17767624872750742, 0.011863602663982998, 0.05706237293920959, 0.0019348889702197278, 0.0999748386393273, 0.061953467542700695, -0.050518223577510624, -0.14916879599067298, 0.34714260358702054, 0.02481463849262306, -0.14949495751749386, 0.15752354820230693, -0.02544937449309862, -0.1762802143524768, 0.09572146595879034, 0.12735520163550973, 0.11972616040006731, -0.1332825826424541, 0.17150446809263845, -0.11440078835144188, 0.1069426874940594, 0.1721236377982705, -0.01992384536248265, 0.06286869446436565, 0.07092797107091456, -0.025846390872064865, 0.14944402773328352, -0.025417601294589764, -0.09316478401535389, -0.4377960106640151, -0.20760757308171102, -0.17566036184628805, 0.10705536891790954, -0.021906791424209423, -0.15605840795306544, 0.3986192833293568, 0.11720028118879507, 0.13987308052001576, 0.04762466333693627, 0.1942195457999002, 0.09070539141116156, -0.02549812649235581, 0.0876298261185487, 0.2652456316193848, 0.25926706863736565, 0.13058647535967105, -0.11249152136345704, -0.033144141928377474, 0.14621808842727632]
708.1655
Localized Waves: A scientific and historical introduction
In the first part of this paper (mainly a review) we present general and formal (simple) introductions to the ordinary gaussian waves and to the Bessel waves, by explicitly separating the cases of the beams from the cases of the pulses; and, finally, an analogous introduction is presented for the Localized Waves (LW), pulses or beams. Always we stress the very different characteristics of the gaussian with respect to the Bessel waves and to the LWs, showing the numerous and important properties of the latter w.r.t. the former ones: Properties that may find application in all fields in which an essential role is played by a wave-equation (like electromagnetism, optics, acoustics, seismology, geophysics, gravitation, elementary particle physics, etc.). In the second part of this paper (namely, in its Appendix), we recall at first how, in the seventies and eighties, the geometrical methods of Special Relativity (SR) had predicted --in the sense below specified-- the existence of the most interesting LWs, i.e., of the X-shaped pulses. At last, in connection with the circumstance that the X-shaped waves are endowed with Superluminal group-velocities (as carefully discussed in the first part of this article), we briefly mention the various experimental sectors of physics in which Superluminal motions seem to appear: In particular, a bird's-eye view is presented of the experiments till now performed with evanescent waves (and/or tunneling photons), and with the "localized Superluminal solutions" to the wave equations.
physics.gen-ph physics.class-ph physics.optics
in the first part of this paper mainly a review we present general and formal simple introductions to the ordinary gaussian waves and to the bessel waves by explicitly separating the cases of the beams from the cases of the pulses and finally an analogous introduction is presented for the localized waves lw pulses or beams always we stress the very different characteristics of the gaussian with respect to the bessel waves and to the lws showing the numerous and important properties of the latter wrt the former ones properties that may find application in all fields in which an essential role is played by a waveequation like electromagnetism optics acoustics seismology geophysics gravitation elementary particle physics etc in the second part of this paper namely in its appendix we recall at first how in the seventies and eighties the geometrical methods of special relativity sr had predicted in the sense below specified the existence of the most interesting lws ie of the xshaped pulses at last in connection with the circumstance that the xshaped waves are endowed with superluminal groupvelocities as carefully discussed in the first part of this article we briefly mention the various experimental sectors of physics in which superluminal motions seem to appear in particular a birdseye view is presented of the experiments till now performed with evanescent waves andor tunneling photons and with the localized superluminal solutions to the wave equations
[['in', 'the', 'first', 'part', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'mainly', 'a', 'review', 'we', 'present', 'general', 'and', 'formal', 'simple', 'introductions', 'to', 'the', 'ordinary', 'gaussian', 'waves', 'and', 'to', 'the', 'bessel', 'waves', 'by', 'explicitly', 'separating', 'the', 'cases', 'of', 'the', 'beams', 'from', 'the', 'cases', 'of', 'the', 'pulses', 'and', 'finally', 'an', 'analogous', 'introduction', 'is', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'localized', 'waves', 'lw', 'pulses', 'or', 'beams', 'always', 'we', 'stress', 'the', 'very', 'different', 'characteristics', 'of', 'the', 'gaussian', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'bessel', 'waves', 'and', 'to', 'the', 'lws', 'showing', 'the', 'numerous', 'and', 'important', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'latter', 'wrt', 'the', 'former', 'ones', 'properties', 'that', 'may', 'find', 'application', 'in', 'all', 'fields', 'in', 'which', 'an', 'essential', 'role', 'is', 'played', 'by', 'a', 'waveequation', 'like', 'electromagnetism', 'optics', 'acoustics', 'seismology', 'geophysics', 'gravitation', 'elementary', 'particle', 'physics', 'etc', 'in', 'the', 'second', 'part', 'of', 'this', 'paper', 'namely', 'in', 'its', 'appendix', 'we', 'recall', 'at', 'first', 'how', 'in', 'the', 'seventies', 'and', 'eighties', 'the', 'geometrical', 'methods', 'of', 'special', 'relativity', 'sr', 'had', 'predicted', 'in', 'the', 'sense', 'below', 'specified', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'the', 'most', 'interesting', 'lws', 'ie', 'of', 'the', 'xshaped', 'pulses', 'at', 'last', 'in', 'connection', 'with', 'the', 'circumstance', 'that', 'the', 'xshaped', 'waves', 'are', 'endowed', 'with', 'superluminal', 'groupvelocities', 'as', 'carefully', 'discussed', 'in', 'the', 'first', 'part', 'of', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'briefly', 'mention', 'the', 'various', 'experimental', 'sectors', 'of', 'physics', 'in', 'which', 'superluminal', 'motions', 'seem', 'to', 'appear', 'in', 'particular', 'a', 'birdseye', 'view', 'is', 'presented', 'of', 'the', 'experiments', 'till', 'now', 'performed', 'with', 'evanescent', 'waves', 'andor', 'tunneling', 'photons', 'and', 'with', 'the', 'localized', 'superluminal', 'solutions', 'to', 'the', 'wave', 'equations']]
[-0.11281422505630774, 0.15120121633666173, -0.08129703755728267, 0.07867536422737101, -0.08786620772939097, -0.0786048956928735, -0.028433921124490145, 0.34373995230751153, -0.25141680439428843, -0.2717157478615186, 0.09970422143641701, -0.2674036341432006, -0.18163563964338578, 0.20838159391844763, -0.03230769823335032, 0.020919209843788773, 0.02045810390957334, 0.039099281600260355, -0.047895093475195376, -0.20410374112308344, 0.32184712366755813, 0.0909320868462562, 0.23765768057944134, 0.018899650786547584, 0.0953031894057355, -0.003058008423094895, -0.0494480585738858, -0.011360198668432743, -0.12568302409992146, 0.10050194538049796, 0.2673522550454165, 0.08700500624650653, 0.25862906872037245, -0.4549848730140861, -0.20820313581968955, 0.06323902778763403, 0.14523137514281304, 0.12509107617364126, -0.07376489269477811, -0.30019196307960344, 0.010247748005798364, -0.11429058706903077, -0.17673329648839192, -0.006488188253121173, 0.036585149921209335, 0.05398121719109885, -0.1764181194153238, 0.0531766210970013, 0.09579495734069496, 0.03398633888982078, -0.042903231605119566, -0.08406678629008696, 0.01251450354490984, 0.06984297262375896, 0.11020823395711944, 0.007552789944283505, 0.06905027214199938, -0.16714177630901178, -0.11476101730330947, 0.4162499230275763, -0.05699592269090143, -0.1717491477093798, 0.19809278182368328, -0.17973543927123017, -0.1265525458846241, 0.1159521971814374, 0.14870911541077844, 0.10932187118290111, -0.12321376102391947, 0.0516915587076739, -0.028813057308558356, 0.10715732598637646, 0.13246026699074565, 0.06049058320956859, 0.22071836518738022, 0.10594128296076459, 0.008919565451945713, 0.12108434762884962, -0.06770571002865487, -0.07938901501053826, -0.37919092353116324, -0.1563629024899862, -0.13183379198097564, 0.010902959984377958, -0.013832113366299111, -0.15184129456880482, 0.4318746659666934, 0.1502113075832777, 0.12280890785722419, -0.008721906708632696, 0.276738477635019, 0.11604971820835341, 0.01605833659191279, 0.06363960771048639, 0.3164092998059982, 0.16772564689608965, 0.15748679837846058, -0.17417017743003832, 0.009697388684961629, 0.02795142883959999]
708.1656
Two-dimensional Black Holes in a Higher Derivative Gravity and Matrix Model
We construct perturbatively a class of charged black hole solutions in type 0A string theory with higher derivative terms. They have extremal limit, where the solution interpolates smoothly between near horizon AdS_2 geometry and the asymptotic linear dilaton geometry. We compute the free energy and the entropy of those solution using various methods. In particular, we show that there is no correction in the leading term of the free energy in the large charge limit. This supports the duality of the type 0A strings on the extremal black hole and the 0A matrix model in which the tree level free energy is exact without any alpha' corrections.
hep-th
we construct perturbatively a class of charged black hole solutions in type 0a string theory with higher derivative terms they have extremal limit where the solution interpolates smoothly between near horizon ads_2 geometry and the asymptotic linear dilaton geometry we compute the free energy and the entropy of those solution using various methods in particular we show that there is no correction in the leading term of the free energy in the large charge limit this supports the duality of the type 0a strings on the extremal black hole and the 0a matrix model in which the tree level free energy is exact without any alpha corrections
[['we', 'construct', 'perturbatively', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'charged', 'black', 'hole', 'solutions', 'in', 'type', '0a', 'string', 'theory', 'with', 'higher', 'derivative', 'terms', 'they', 'have', 'extremal', 'limit', 'where', 'the', 'solution', 'interpolates', 'smoothly', 'between', 'near', 'horizon', 'ads_2', 'geometry', 'and', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'linear', 'dilaton', 'geometry', 'we', 'compute', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'and', 'the', 'entropy', 'of', 'those', 'solution', 'using', 'various', 'methods', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'correction', 'in', 'the', 'leading', 'term', 'of', 'the', 'free', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'charge', 'limit', 'this', 'supports', 'the', 'duality', 'of', 'the', 'type', '0a', 'strings', 'on', 'the', 'extremal', 'black', 'hole', 'and', 'the', '0a', 'matrix', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'the', 'tree', 'level', 'free', 'energy', 'is', 'exact', 'without', 'any', 'alpha', 'corrections']]
[-0.12585978239783407, 0.10228392321651227, -0.049614382031913325, 0.14662315438514592, -0.022104841504663787, -0.1512946094490727, 0.023952864189893355, 0.2886066671077893, -0.21713604951259968, -0.261520118722431, 0.11249105326252529, -0.3577209058365671, -0.10221790260783284, 0.13785330920967612, -0.046537310320222486, 0.03454821196027866, -0.0018721491307298714, 0.12689222280527943, -0.12726367555153947, -0.18485187074369708, 0.3635960852588031, 0.034099003023720376, 0.27755022612966107, 0.06047649120163416, 0.11600656198853383, 0.021528847561278774, 0.029271981539639915, 0.049507884648149814, -0.20859893491290668, 0.08550997965133567, 0.22926791059941262, 0.06623463716497209, 0.18795640742684774, -0.4158622739471008, -0.18749292186792138, 0.13946186864278584, 0.12797834869652602, 0.15159089082012076, -0.05890421377534099, -0.18953905446959712, 0.08502756765930453, -0.2133250165878682, -0.15887382822372367, -0.029766089894382335, 0.0227270428021656, -0.005269334573194245, -0.2225764912300717, 0.10305583555355807, 0.05568702486735359, -0.07048137665717541, -0.12100560393045161, -0.046619341021107735, -0.053743165366081785, 0.08367963402018508, 0.14119477798426786, 0.04729192585724615, 0.10239058529314037, -0.13766036142386218, -0.0974895144751835, 0.2907579878832553, -0.10042765258733079, -0.2625344780874308, 0.14418591413142107, -0.20438806645171803, -0.11140216509028225, 0.11711363816093835, 0.09718162500708599, 0.1994731550787088, -0.11700266159235317, 0.2741511381154001, 0.009062055350394449, 0.1689711772775817, 0.12373748233663702, 0.0595455974999763, 0.2569388730721287, 0.06707667484748935, 0.06119115044206172, 0.16175215250908215, -0.053280846178792765, -0.1408342444076786, -0.37694643190670235, -0.1399945133685561, -0.1399513161088401, 0.10548562234023882, -0.21942755476765827, -0.24007260607921074, 0.3347360818498881, 0.08519334433530674, 0.16464571119503718, 0.0578977009640554, 0.1855475453172471, 0.1718454977245044, 0.03619324862869961, 0.14011510596915244, 0.2599094526594174, 0.0832485637288088, 0.08883047155670334, -0.24310501266780057, -0.06149203547877129, 0.19431808862452196]
708.1657
Some inequalities for $(\alpha, \beta)$-normal operators in Hilbert spaces
An operator $T$ acting on a Hilbert space is called $(\alpha ,\beta)$-normal ($0\leq \alpha \leq 1\leq \beta $) if \begin{equation*} \alpha ^{2}T^{\ast }T\leq TT^{\ast}\leq \beta ^{2}T^{\ast}T. \end{equation*} In this paper we establish various inequalities between the operator norm and its numerical radius of $(\alpha ,\beta)$-normal operators in Hilbert spaces. For this purpose, we employ some classical inequalities for vectors in inner product spaces.
math.FA math.OA
an operator t acting on a hilbert space is called alpha betanormal 0leq alpha leq 1leq beta if beginequation alpha 2tast tleq ttastleq beta 2tastt endequation in this paper we establish various inequalities between the operator norm and its numerical radius of alpha betanormal operators in hilbert spaces for this purpose we employ some classical inequalities for vectors in inner product spaces
[['an', 'operator', 't', 'acting', 'on', 'a', 'hilbert', 'space', 'is', 'called', 'alpha', 'betanormal', '0leq', 'alpha', 'leq', '1leq', 'beta', 'if', 'beginequation', 'alpha', '2tast', 'tleq', 'ttastleq', 'beta', '2tastt', 'endequation', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'establish', 'various', 'inequalities', 'between', 'the', 'operator', 'norm', 'and', 'its', 'numerical', 'radius', 'of', 'alpha', 'betanormal', 'operators', 'in', 'hilbert', 'spaces', 'for', 'this', 'purpose', 'we', 'employ', 'some', 'classical', 'inequalities', 'for', 'vectors', 'in', 'inner', 'product', 'spaces']]
[-0.15236224109401642, 0.19176292454382854, 0.013721776798158348, 0.09005514759830814, -0.021507722566346244, -0.17555749489850822, -0.04938365454130443, 0.3877023654216427, -0.33046038485116375, -0.11756815481930971, 0.08961274814634126, -0.35373688544446635, -0.10259953507427443, 0.21241022146038585, -0.07910455989067332, 0.059700429785830934, -0.03717102423326065, 0.0922654700560211, -0.1582294718472887, -0.1830307663619613, 0.41560412772883804, -0.06744562724005368, 0.07783791579511333, 0.012971705662370738, 0.07216797349185257, 0.025665542813238955, 0.0328654414358533, -0.08062233203692536, -0.3399731153464418, 0.08027898064041036, 0.25255642521937016, 0.12381704303167634, 0.36522348761811096, -0.3145115333530357, -0.12430784755023354, 0.27072306766600934, 0.1742814074041543, -0.19319441706194715, -8.299324258972528e-05, -0.2756240268758798, 0.028985057294495024, -0.13034833195003664, -0.17985760853073354, -0.09512896362250134, 0.12798082544389416, 0.00711102619514627, -0.43142933856253907, 0.07456023418897037, 0.09342096613372787, 0.040074502674357616, -0.1232981950032793, -0.19735859186088633, 0.0465434705739904, 0.05663329045588182, -0.041094484885018004, 0.05449422845869499, 0.031830117130115375, -0.0023765213771770564, -0.037245437392365126, 0.24947314598929074, -0.033834888897757286, -0.2803407705436319, 0.0035875697888560214, -0.24704273218304804, -0.22264427982144436, -0.006881661200106649, 0.11268114980499623, 0.23773947096098277, -0.049581078177128556, 0.29655271026570257, -0.07945478056218096, 0.16805682555472445, 0.09858080624776372, 0.06795502032579506, -0.014586812469287443, 0.056452171119340394, 0.13857766283455036, 0.10815865060282966, -0.00820041214652612, -0.013999123463675506, -0.4175841945965411, -0.23572223374257023, -0.15772828210334658, 0.09402250002090962, -0.18599733654227132, -0.12998182449679255, 0.22485548187583937, 0.04488565585224779, 0.18322190553960155, 0.10558192217248981, 0.16341816684452154, 0.11468808542368776, -0.010819672346430815, 0.0712040161982305, 0.10192252325645837, 0.20462290390189422, 0.08656144299212906, -0.18041902359859166, -0.0025141771046160643, 0.2574924468141744]
708.1658
Counterexample to a geodesic length conjecture on the 2-sphere
Paper withdrawn by the author.
math.DG math.MG
paper withdrawn by the author
[['paper', 'withdrawn', 'by', 'the', 'author']]
[-0.14609565138816832, -0.07191268317401409, -0.046127067506313325, -0.16667759716510772, -0.20591350942850112, -0.06751672551035881, 0.001378102065064013, 0.18750401139259337, -0.3501998968422413, -0.44961802661418915, 0.050580739974975586, -0.3960442580282688, -0.1998589292168617, -0.08567710220813751, -0.46352270543575286, 0.06708415597677231, 0.08910999149084091, -0.23580608069896697, 0.08738421611487865, -0.5029623180627822, 0.5005081415176391, 0.24668263792991638, 0.2080420061945915, 0.3106153294444084, -0.06580436453223229, -0.02926585329696536, -0.2917941275984049, -0.07614705115556716, -0.2412629634141922, 0.1589510202407837, 0.2452365517616272, -0.08820618018507957, 0.5224457859992981, -0.3612638205289841, -0.13245629966259004, 0.06068917512893677, 0.1746733881533146, 0.09721300154924392, -0.17139546051621438, -0.6035498157143593, 0.28824055157601836, -0.5404885172843933, -0.2056010236032307, 0.11628857403993606, 0.10236847698688507, -0.23015770837664604, 0.05897773057222366, 0.11028407141566277, 0.36491007506847384, 0.3618394657969475, 0.046328631788492204, -0.18682478070259095, 0.0991404514759779, 0.17244433462619782, 0.30990763157606127, 0.19006484849378466, -0.06312310472130775, -0.0026610180735588073, -0.06067204251885414, 0.27528087198734286, 0.0995504766702652, -0.22919161878526212, -0.18090980798006057, 0.035595839377492666, -0.16023942455649376, 0.12219874709844589, 0.11655220314860344, 0.13608292527496815, -0.37764073386788366, 0.232799032330513, -0.03692087288945913, 0.12985628843307495, 0.40133580192923546, -0.21160037070512772, -0.035228481888771056, 0.03144541084766388, -0.03306705094873905, 0.2628114238381386, 0.14783227443695068, 0.09470646269619465, -0.25599210560321806, -0.23692181706428528, -0.42428616136312486, 0.021558956056833268, 0.429314436390996, 0.01270088106393814, 0.44653953015804293, 0.23630961924791336, 0.1020689606666565, -0.027179039269685745, 0.33924058377742766, 0.10202969962265343, -0.08556846976280212, -0.037170231342315674, 0.28893493534997106, 0.1425535455811769, 0.34753646664321425, 0.0714194118976593, 0.36739020645618437, 0.5066670529544354]
708.1659
Improved dispersion relations for \gamma\gamma\to \pi^0\pi^0
We perform a dispersive theoretical study of the reaction \gamma\gamma\to pi^0\pi^0 emphasizing the low energy region. The large source of theoretical uncertainty to calculate the \gamma\gamma\to\pi^0\pi^0 total cross section for \sqrt{s}\gtrsim 0.5 GeV within the dispersive approach is removed. This is accomplished by taking one more subtraction in the dispersion relations, where the extra subtraction constant is fixed by considering new low energy constraints, one of them further refined by taking into consideration the f_0(980) region. This allows us to make sharper predictions for the cross section for \sqrt{s}\lesssim 0.8 GeV, below the onset of D-wave contributions. In this way, were new more precise data on \gamma\gamma\to\pi^0\pi^0 available one might then distinguish between different parameterizations of the \pi\pi isoscalar S-wave. We also elaborate on the width of the \sigma resonance to \gamma\gamma and provide new values.
hep-ph
we perform a dispersive theoretical study of the reaction gammagammato pi0pi0 emphasizing the low energy region the large source of theoretical uncertainty to calculate the gammagammatopi0pi0 total cross section for sqrtsgtrsim 05 gev within the dispersive approach is removed this is accomplished by taking one more subtraction in the dispersion relations where the extra subtraction constant is fixed by considering new low energy constraints one of them further refined by taking into consideration the f_0980 region this allows us to make sharper predictions for the cross section for sqrtslesssim 08 gev below the onset of dwave contributions in this way were new more precise data on gammagammatopi0pi0 available one might then distinguish between different parameterizations of the pipi isoscalar swave we also elaborate on the width of the sigma resonance to gammagamma and provide new values
[['we', 'perform', 'a', 'dispersive', 'theoretical', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'reaction', 'gammagammato', 'pi0pi0', 'emphasizing', 'the', 'low', 'energy', 'region', 'the', 'large', 'source', 'of', 'theoretical', 'uncertainty', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'gammagammatopi0pi0', 'total', 'cross', 'section', 'for', 'sqrtsgtrsim', '05', 'gev', 'within', 'the', 'dispersive', 'approach', 'is', 'removed', 'this', 'is', 'accomplished', 'by', 'taking', 'one', 'more', 'subtraction', 'in', 'the', 'dispersion', 'relations', 'where', 'the', 'extra', 'subtraction', 'constant', 'is', 'fixed', 'by', 'considering', 'new', 'low', 'energy', 'constraints', 'one', 'of', 'them', 'further', 'refined', 'by', 'taking', 'into', 'consideration', 'the', 'f_0980', 'region', 'this', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'make', 'sharper', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'cross', 'section', 'for', 'sqrtslesssim', '08', 'gev', 'below', 'the', 'onset', 'of', 'dwave', 'contributions', 'in', 'this', 'way', 'were', 'new', 'more', 'precise', 'data', 'on', 'gammagammatopi0pi0', 'available', 'one', 'might', 'then', 'distinguish', 'between', 'different', 'parameterizations', 'of', 'the', 'pipi', 'isoscalar', 'swave', 'we', 'also', 'elaborate', 'on', 'the', 'width', 'of', 'the', 'sigma', 'resonance', 'to', 'gammagamma', 'and', 'provide', 'new', 'values']]
[-0.09071797918769772, 0.13934045809631546, -0.08238569639679216, 0.14090021348178938, -0.08666042347645594, -0.13663156097064968, 0.07757416612434166, 0.3323414337924785, -0.21621205646337735, -0.3049908662214875, -0.01878153971672334, -0.30396415060720217, -0.0038339752945359107, 0.18960303221656769, 0.04007943890152361, 0.05134954349217609, 0.05611666750628501, 0.009366324351005326, -0.06467387621739397, -0.18682285976354723, 0.3396493038852458, 0.06903712465945218, 0.22628940412843668, 0.14059874743257683, 0.016892375461584716, 0.05673021361645725, -0.056555330560163215, -0.07234708001768148, -0.1956861993573882, 0.12770943286035347, 0.2387405720795936, 0.055104817153403055, 0.17762720745608762, -0.3774452973277894, -0.1703935932437027, 0.0728300289630338, 0.14221582601053848, 0.09120410534863671, 0.021318597742787528, -0.3040258287693615, 0.10113362564394872, -0.18510879502735203, -0.10755960699429529, -0.07659908499292753, 0.016276148152623876, -0.07874136004010561, -0.2694074690962831, 0.0851235513349012, -0.010086811546029317, 0.015321381401305121, -0.04723789744398177, -0.18519463114509427, -0.020756882862015456, 0.07960241149628051, 0.07290389310327117, 0.03376393236707103, 0.12308951714248569, -0.11490749895089754, -0.05852739631577775, 0.3664909847770576, -0.06116428566337736, -0.16696322602392347, 0.10154990194779304, -0.16502247505122797, -0.14358969278702582, 0.20338823130112832, 0.18017481639291402, 0.04121284522827611, -0.18485833339531113, 0.06494512924648545, 0.014229897319994592, 0.18170439249111547, 0.08717392034673982, 0.030032819199065367, 0.1569886034699502, 0.194149211200851, 0.019859138941737235, 0.10086490388407751, -0.14350036476691322, -0.061776947430162515, -0.3740142661112326, -0.09915601651494702, -0.06739493728511864, 0.040150876912391845, -0.09563955432828085, -0.05757543479816781, 0.3462429825975387, 0.11649293866249974, 0.29398924160610745, 0.007939092387203818, 0.34707637361630245, 0.14292948088539695, 0.08096300645179495, 0.028406664380734716, 0.33234116175660383, 0.15963134135688758, 0.0843241929800974, -0.198558268075188, 0.02681351933559334, 0.003135385414309524]
708.166
The Egorov theorem for transverse Dirac type operators on foliated manifolds
Egorov's theorem for transversally elliptic operators, acting on sections of a vector bundle over a compact foliated manifold, is proved. This theorem relates the quantum evolution of transverse pseudodifferential operators determined by a first order transversally elliptic operator with the (classical) evolution of its symbols determined by the parallel transport along the orbits of the associated transverse bicharacteristic flow. For a particular case of a transverse Dirac operator, the transverse bicharacteristic flow is shown to be given by the transverse geodesic flow and the parallel transport by the parallel transport determined by the transverse Levi-Civita connection. These results allow us to describe the noncommutative geodesic flow in noncommutative geometry of Riemannian foliations.
math.DG math.SP
egorovs theorem for transversally elliptic operators acting on sections of a vector bundle over a compact foliated manifold is proved this theorem relates the quantum evolution of transverse pseudodifferential operators determined by a first order transversally elliptic operator with the classical evolution of its symbols determined by the parallel transport along the orbits of the associated transverse bicharacteristic flow for a particular case of a transverse dirac operator the transverse bicharacteristic flow is shown to be given by the transverse geodesic flow and the parallel transport by the parallel transport determined by the transverse levicivita connection these results allow us to describe the noncommutative geodesic flow in noncommutative geometry of riemannian foliations
[['egorovs', 'theorem', 'for', 'transversally', 'elliptic', 'operators', 'acting', 'on', 'sections', 'of', 'a', 'vector', 'bundle', 'over', 'a', 'compact', 'foliated', 'manifold', 'is', 'proved', 'this', 'theorem', 'relates', 'the', 'quantum', 'evolution', 'of', 'transverse', 'pseudodifferential', 'operators', 'determined', 'by', 'a', 'first', 'order', 'transversally', 'elliptic', 'operator', 'with', 'the', 'classical', 'evolution', 'of', 'its', 'symbols', 'determined', 'by', 'the', 'parallel', 'transport', 'along', 'the', 'orbits', 'of', 'the', 'associated', 'transverse', 'bicharacteristic', 'flow', 'for', 'a', 'particular', 'case', 'of', 'a', 'transverse', 'dirac', 'operator', 'the', 'transverse', 'bicharacteristic', 'flow', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'transverse', 'geodesic', 'flow', 'and', 'the', 'parallel', 'transport', 'by', 'the', 'parallel', 'transport', 'determined', 'by', 'the', 'transverse', 'levicivita', 'connection', 'these', 'results', 'allow', 'us', 'to', 'describe', 'the', 'noncommutative', 'geodesic', 'flow', 'in', 'noncommutative', 'geometry', 'of', 'riemannian', 'foliations']]
[-0.22900154313226398, 0.16681424856402113, -0.11516339807089285, 0.0706575658789786, -0.12122387163357676, -0.11855752767795431, -0.10759326498997066, 0.3288042092296694, -0.3177642691215234, -0.1834010757905032, 0.06112719536966844, -0.26809625324260977, -0.07586739894135722, 0.22349808020434075, -0.0748985109800872, 0.11064249994680202, 0.09558432627402778, 0.0806938821905143, -0.10347405762045778, -0.19498352355627244, 0.45319763717374634, -0.006414106162472828, 0.2517319101461908, 0.08570886292185216, 0.16007089943325678, 0.08372844410145522, -0.06140406359086877, 0.02542870959067451, -0.16132250743352675, 0.13644338172161952, 0.2285296084093196, -0.04281453037401661, 0.15933046842110343, -0.3851097153965384, -0.19550642152898945, 0.08895113571114573, 0.1397295911405568, 0.006967932592877852, 0.004088463946702957, -0.28707115547357326, 0.06865960161771259, -0.10730895368033089, -0.20957218373743153, -0.07899607706349343, -0.0042572482489049435, 0.02281558561870562, -0.1894854224145612, 0.05443574997895796, 0.13881633691822312, 0.09226078363800687, -0.05147573655891132, -0.010066688405848774, -0.10040266917868783, 0.04797780012761775, 0.054253416339633986, 0.09573821483562435, 0.1367229234892875, -0.02140425421904573, -0.15828621962490225, 0.34189557229235235, -0.08006312622351938, -0.32926628360110044, 0.04053880160375099, -0.17167888156421082, -0.06439396079596398, 0.1291588288731873, 0.1927718108202368, 0.19087851668258995, -0.12054757091599251, 0.15288609526500554, -0.03693042262706773, 0.023997070650304004, 0.09997057326628626, -0.04971077835320362, 0.1548196143454074, 0.05406486843172128, 0.14044253050399544, 0.11251341985501183, -0.02832153566591192, -0.13850006206900747, -0.35932754731870126, -0.214826386446865, -0.13084243112202135, 0.1804170424251684, -0.13144129688056896, -0.17278223908501136, 0.4340350065446858, -0.001425301197221935, 0.23827575691809347, 0.027472558098712137, 0.2618017726552872, 0.13890685087660262, 0.0652991845896135, 0.15445538072214862, 0.20368447399232537, 0.30581769725748537, 0.1606149599694098, -0.2201602852188184, -0.03893341904040426, 0.19207080130165974]
708.1661
Complex algebraic curves. Annuli
We provide the full classification of algebraic embeddings of $\mathbb{C}^*$ into $\mathbb{C}^2$ satisfying certain regularity condition, which conjecturally holds for all algebraic maps from $\mathbb{C}^*$ into $\mathbb{C}^2$. The resulting list comprises 1 smooth family, 18 discrete families and 4 special cases. Any embedding known to us can be reduced to one of this list by a de Jonqui\`ere transform and a suitable change of variables. The classification uses in general tools from previous work "Complex algebraic curves via Poincare--Hopf formula. I. Parametric lines." (Pacific. J. Math. 229 (2007) No. 2, 307--338): we carefully estimate Milnor numbers of singularities that may appear in the embedding of $\mathbb{C}^*$. We use the regularity condition to bound the sum of so--called codimensions of singular points. The detailed discussion of this condition can be found in http://www.mimuw.edu.pl/~mcboro/pliki/artykuly/curv4.pdf
math.AG
we provide the full classification of algebraic embeddings of mathbbc into mathbbc2 satisfying certain regularity condition which conjecturally holds for all algebraic maps from mathbbc into mathbbc2 the resulting list comprises 1 smooth family 18 discrete families and 4 special cases any embedding known to us can be reduced to one of this list by a de jonquiere transform and a suitable change of variables the classification uses in general tools from previous work complex algebraic curves via poincarehopf formula i parametric lines pacific j math 229 2007 no 2 307338 we carefully estimate milnor numbers of singularities that may appear in the embedding of mathbbc we use the regularity condition to bound the sum of socalled codimensions of singular points the detailed discussion of this condition can be found in httpwwwmimuweduplmcboroplikiartykulycurv4pdf
[['we', 'provide', 'the', 'full', 'classification', 'of', 'algebraic', 'embeddings', 'of', 'mathbbc', 'into', 'mathbbc2', 'satisfying', 'certain', 'regularity', 'condition', 'which', 'conjecturally', 'holds', 'for', 'all', 'algebraic', 'maps', 'from', 'mathbbc', 'into', 'mathbbc2', 'the', 'resulting', 'list', 'comprises', '1', 'smooth', 'family', '18', 'discrete', 'families', 'and', '4', 'special', 'cases', 'any', 'embedding', 'known', 'to', 'us', 'can', 'be', 'reduced', 'to', 'one', 'of', 'this', 'list', 'by', 'a', 'de', 'jonquiere', 'transform', 'and', 'a', 'suitable', 'change', 'of', 'variables', 'the', 'classification', 'uses', 'in', 'general', 'tools', 'from', 'previous', 'work', 'complex', 'algebraic', 'curves', 'via', 'poincarehopf', 'formula', 'i', 'parametric', 'lines', 'pacific', 'j', 'math', '229', '2007', 'no', '2', '307338', 'we', 'carefully', 'estimate', 'milnor', 'numbers', 'of', 'singularities', 'that', 'may', 'appear', 'in', 'the', 'embedding', 'of', 'mathbbc', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'regularity', 'condition', 'to', 'bound', 'the', 'sum', 'of', 'socalled', 'codimensions', 'of', 'singular', 'points', 'the', 'detailed', 'discussion', 'of', 'this', 'condition', 'can', 'be', 'found', 'in', 'httpwwwmimuweduplmcboroplikiartykulycurv4pdf']]
[-0.15017496382889267, 0.02579579076084953, -0.08335456128160541, 0.07601974392130684, -0.1406220285472675, -0.16019371001479718, 0.03388851144207785, 0.29819016580541546, -0.2715546811214433, -0.25878901210112065, 0.11224206149793015, -0.23710934668958475, -0.14216808537961556, 0.20910236101346807, -0.1454438381505987, 0.024113486953921473, 0.03729852539164802, 0.029127545932603357, -0.11342012130186889, -0.304195730732933, 0.36543723275670065, -0.07414148236947278, 0.2277130929737513, 0.03904193639755249, 0.07064403667822122, 0.02470050397543953, -0.038513012370094656, -0.03403662848007885, -0.19779426260127086, 0.13046696709262995, 0.28799208114640074, 0.13701730644903504, 0.21468062809167, -0.3659591407658389, -0.1814003178384155, 0.1919496397066933, 0.1573336447463729, 0.041764467240920145, 0.049213961318421824, -0.26095028588584124, 0.09465964113120348, -0.10350990736803327, -0.17151270082148795, -0.09075159726422638, 0.03686956309785063, 0.03304185043447293, -0.27017187932506204, 0.023167251967466794, 0.1485362721535449, 0.12729230884892437, -0.06315972343839418, -0.11694658743217587, -0.06602387667920154, 0.07942906515672803, -0.026826212010704554, 0.06650900661479682, 0.05525716518839965, -0.05942183963309687, -0.08562119361192275, 0.34891076321050957, -0.03965306209149556, -0.22373087314458995, 0.14384290990061485, -0.13776078410625744, -0.18624073205193362, 0.16730774984283087, 0.12001962837978052, 0.12474671150915898, -0.08303380059078336, 0.1564542139477383, -0.09179775118111418, 0.08285704393011446, 0.15958441847648758, -0.010632940901604552, 0.123890356404277, 0.031931158013713476, 0.053810598216771796, 0.1414899376735915, -0.03446565829306984, -0.0503181446934692, -0.3649155111911778, -0.16577664290133937, -0.11906057738143808, 0.1581971939545698, -0.1187182067980757, -0.15394249737549287, 0.4099556205006173, 0.06463693335491161, 0.20526937329425263, 0.08284162225721117, 0.2135338251120769, 0.09684753025738665, 0.045931439126770085, 0.08014822534213846, 0.13999162558645298, 0.1578381007268595, 0.04129940769008289, -0.08073345214450875, -0.03167293208490054, 0.1650522914625561]
708.1662
Transition frequency shifts with fine structure constant variation for Fe II: Breit and core-valence correlation correction
Transition frequencies of Fe II ion are known to be very sensitive to variation of the fine structure constant \alpha. The resonance absorption lines of Fe II from objects at cosmological distances are used in a search for the possible variation of \alpha in cause of cosmic time. In this paper we calculated the dependence of the transition frequencies on \alpha^2 (q-factors) for Fe II ion. We found corrections to these coefficients from valence-valence and core-valence correlations and from the Breit interaction. Both the core-valence correlation and Breit corrections to the q-factors appeared to be larger than had been anticipated previously. Nevertheless our calculation confirms that the Fe II absorption lines seen in quasar spectra have large q-factors of both signs and thus the ion Fe II alone can be used in the search for the \alpha-variation at different cosmological epochs.
physics.atom-ph
transition frequencies of fe ii ion are known to be very sensitive to variation of the fine structure constant alpha the resonance absorption lines of fe ii from objects at cosmological distances are used in a search for the possible variation of alpha in cause of cosmic time in this paper we calculated the dependence of the transition frequencies on alpha2 qfactors for fe ii ion we found corrections to these coefficients from valencevalence and corevalence correlations and from the breit interaction both the corevalence correlation and breit corrections to the qfactors appeared to be larger than had been anticipated previously nevertheless our calculation confirms that the fe ii absorption lines seen in quasar spectra have large qfactors of both signs and thus the ion fe ii alone can be used in the search for the alphavariation at different cosmological epochs
[['transition', 'frequencies', 'of', 'fe', 'ii', 'ion', 'are', 'known', 'to', 'be', 'very', 'sensitive', 'to', 'variation', 'of', 'the', 'fine', 'structure', 'constant', 'alpha', 'the', 'resonance', 'absorption', 'lines', 'of', 'fe', 'ii', 'from', 'objects', 'at', 'cosmological', 'distances', 'are', 'used', 'in', 'a', 'search', 'for', 'the', 'possible', 'variation', 'of', 'alpha', 'in', 'cause', 'of', 'cosmic', 'time', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'calculated', 'the', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'transition', 'frequencies', 'on', 'alpha2', 'qfactors', 'for', 'fe', 'ii', 'ion', 'we', 'found', 'corrections', 'to', 'these', 'coefficients', 'from', 'valencevalence', 'and', 'corevalence', 'correlations', 'and', 'from', 'the', 'breit', 'interaction', 'both', 'the', 'corevalence', 'correlation', 'and', 'breit', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'qfactors', 'appeared', 'to', 'be', 'larger', 'than', 'had', 'been', 'anticipated', 'previously', 'nevertheless', 'our', 'calculation', 'confirms', 'that', 'the', 'fe', 'ii', 'absorption', 'lines', 'seen', 'in', 'quasar', 'spectra', 'have', 'large', 'qfactors', 'of', 'both', 'signs', 'and', 'thus', 'the', 'ion', 'fe', 'ii', 'alone', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'search', 'for', 'the', 'alphavariation', 'at', 'different', 'cosmological', 'epochs']]
[-0.04090215086091495, 0.12488962187768614, 0.010317076268401129, 0.10604848252553228, -0.020511998806531866, -0.1477471411745031, 0.008597513826742292, 0.43683703172397104, -0.2086169872901911, -0.32508163883991487, 0.009459197183522719, -0.3216256990051227, -0.020223546205154548, 0.1601313775477944, 0.07285644035416504, -0.01675709013675227, 0.0037293696927950316, -0.02914160487393961, -0.06968976088167096, -0.18341871315170846, 0.2974044163810446, 0.1072569946223434, 0.21450857863041525, 0.08176719507612024, 0.0009849355456993936, -0.09035545155564521, -0.04199936660667155, 0.08400590481989562, -0.11544505205420912, 0.06982513504096222, 0.24217007875463972, 0.04618699258318871, 0.1917396228156112, -0.3869670017734698, -0.17948923155406146, 0.05808887963351655, 0.1784995473980745, 0.16017012276310236, -0.027524221586955198, -0.25954586841208954, 0.03266599643579189, -0.11331441333841083, -0.10599554388813595, -0.021449651859753522, 0.06823181171062673, 0.03126849546856808, -0.2867803820033214, 0.09912333621623669, 0.008131985077039992, 0.07494835384480708, -0.07859338545207437, -0.15576700605650215, -0.04232782601702509, 0.10415573272497412, 0.05774748531427789, -0.003259177389059295, 0.12155034051587184, -0.08426777768635739, -0.09469762198083724, 0.42641356481727977, -0.1167465523666585, -0.06385326250423248, 0.162543150774659, -0.22879786785123934, -0.1415270412809724, 0.22819160239387912, 0.1572215292909916, 0.10959663845479806, -0.11929860482601687, 0.05909178084165439, 0.06887050696272165, 0.20799760427075692, 0.09704571860637648, 0.09862308439316479, 0.19154299074347983, 0.04907336089337337, -0.02907457510967151, 0.0491829363150144, -0.18974426390887206, -0.015092379828429524, -0.2842856423701457, -0.12720357426541282, -0.1456625362039141, 0.03900907645068059, -0.10715127742893875, -0.1503704855126058, 0.36892494106176477, 0.13570943279918415, 0.21433483692322006, -0.014563271221011243, 0.23412725911971102, 0.13348112641982338, 0.12135869555393274, 0.04904846807756851, 0.3510597171724265, 0.1255217548228589, 0.1536098894768837, -0.2903849622267728, 0.10285102669903035, 0.02502899617204403]
708.1663
Universal Nonlinear Filtering Using Feynman Path Integrals II: The Continuous-Continuous Model with Additive Noise
In this paper, the Feynman path integral formulation of the continuous-continuous filtering problem, a fundamental problem of applied science, is investigated for the case when the noise in the signal and measurement model is additive. It is shown that it leads to an independent and self-contained analysis and solution of the problem. A consequence of this analysis is Feynman path integral formula for the conditional probability density that manifests the underlying physics of the problem. A corollary of the path integral formula is the Yau algorithm that has been shown to be superior to all other known algorithms. The Feynman path integral formulation is shown to lead to practical and implementable algorithms. In particular, the solution of the Yau PDE is reduced to one of function computation and integration.
cond-mat.other
in this paper the feynman path integral formulation of the continuouscontinuous filtering problem a fundamental problem of applied science is investigated for the case when the noise in the signal and measurement model is additive it is shown that it leads to an independent and selfcontained analysis and solution of the problem a consequence of this analysis is feynman path integral formula for the conditional probability density that manifests the underlying physics of the problem a corollary of the path integral formula is the yau algorithm that has been shown to be superior to all other known algorithms the feynman path integral formulation is shown to lead to practical and implementable algorithms in particular the solution of the yau pde is reduced to one of function computation and integration
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'the', 'feynman', 'path', 'integral', 'formulation', 'of', 'the', 'continuouscontinuous', 'filtering', 'problem', 'a', 'fundamental', 'problem', 'of', 'applied', 'science', 'is', 'investigated', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'when', 'the', 'noise', 'in', 'the', 'signal', 'and', 'measurement', 'model', 'is', 'additive', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'it', 'leads', 'to', 'an', 'independent', 'and', 'selfcontained', 'analysis', 'and', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'this', 'analysis', 'is', 'feynman', 'path', 'integral', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'conditional', 'probability', 'density', 'that', 'manifests', 'the', 'underlying', 'physics', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'a', 'corollary', 'of', 'the', 'path', 'integral', 'formula', 'is', 'the', 'yau', 'algorithm', 'that', 'has', 'been', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'superior', 'to', 'all', 'other', 'known', 'algorithms', 'the', 'feynman', 'path', 'integral', 'formulation', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'lead', 'to', 'practical', 'and', 'implementable', 'algorithms', 'in', 'particular', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'yau', 'pde', 'is', 'reduced', 'to', 'one', 'of', 'function', 'computation', 'and', 'integration']]
[-0.10656791727251402, 0.021063393219378668, -0.14358973655180307, 0.06508968642810942, -0.11993625078685, -0.10892543333829963, 0.006871411913380143, 0.34692579321563244, -0.3131044595502317, -0.30481453086258625, 0.10922388982089615, -0.24841884641500656, -0.22273824884541682, 0.23464815804254613, -0.11260912665943579, 0.07894138373376336, 0.10129026157665066, 0.06152827064215671, -0.04548485784744116, -0.26116712002112763, 0.27101810057865805, 0.04266305074997945, 0.2763602407358121, 0.0882730711819022, 0.15337329572503222, 0.04169782814278733, -0.04773882833615062, 0.037212709117738996, -0.12090269484809824, 0.11374915026317467, 0.2723321620869683, 0.13753976575065963, 0.27084891613048967, -0.3643855158734368, -0.20303962596517522, 0.11351467735312326, 0.14520244633604307, 0.11069906410557451, 0.0011293829411442857, -0.22854046114480298, 0.07272279848984908, -0.14241595345083624, -0.1359171710719238, -0.04674254309838943, 0.02867216345111956, -0.04179838418349391, -0.29106621579558123, 0.053975858791091014, 0.06560899723990588, -0.023374215146759525, -0.05330667388807342, -0.1017542631161632, 0.03624129895615624, 0.09925268581287128, 0.06323158633404091, 0.07614934675711993, 0.05509938310569851, -0.13394438793693553, -0.13991819343937095, 0.38127617626741994, -0.02453316182254639, -0.23193093565350864, 0.12315647632203763, -0.08831689706858015, -0.1215337991816341, 0.15244196959247347, 0.08634044973587152, 0.1581316054034687, -0.18725180896183247, 0.1422260131926123, -0.03646219731763267, 0.093436210481741, 0.041951640174374916, 0.00980481117949239, 0.10168704701868592, 0.16755414563522208, 0.14434194780915277, 0.15582005897840645, -0.03684449349566421, -0.12782914539820922, -0.30451440473552793, -0.21084501658697263, -0.22487235088283342, 0.05501298613853578, -0.07173371093392689, -0.1899605305136447, 0.36470067325717537, 0.16087219633482164, 0.12336845144091058, 0.05716909024704364, 0.31636588943729294, 0.23766738135600463, 0.0428559062856948, 0.05247589314240031, 0.19728513936206582, 0.19696690740784106, 0.08668048822437413, -0.20203956634941278, 0.058267390721084666, 0.12239324856818712]
708.1664
Interpretations of Octonion Wave Equations
The interpretations of octonion wave equations in eight dimensional space-time have been discussed. We have made an attempt to discuss the octonion field equation as the equation of motion for particles carrying simultaneously electric and magnetic charges (i.e. dyons) in external and internal spaces respectively. It has been concluded that the component of octonion potential wave equations behaves neither the generalized electromagnetic fields of monopoles nor the dyons. Rather, they have the mixed behaviour of electromagnetic fields associated with the electric and magnetic charges in external and internal spaces. We have also made an attempt to investigate the split octonion wave equation and its interpretation in classical electrodynamics and accordingly the consistent and compact forms of eight-dimensional potential and current equation of dyons are obtained in terms of Zorn's vector matrix realization of split octonions.Visualizing the external four space as the localization space for tachyons, it is shown that the split octonion wave equation reduces to the Maxwell's equation (field equation) for bradyons in R^{4}- space as well as that for tachyons in T^{4}- space in the absence of other.
hep-th
the interpretations of octonion wave equations in eight dimensional spacetime have been discussed we have made an attempt to discuss the octonion field equation as the equation of motion for particles carrying simultaneously electric and magnetic charges ie dyons in external and internal spaces respectively it has been concluded that the component of octonion potential wave equations behaves neither the generalized electromagnetic fields of monopoles nor the dyons rather they have the mixed behaviour of electromagnetic fields associated with the electric and magnetic charges in external and internal spaces we have also made an attempt to investigate the split octonion wave equation and its interpretation in classical electrodynamics and accordingly the consistent and compact forms of eightdimensional potential and current equation of dyons are obtained in terms of zorns vector matrix realization of split octonionsvisualizing the external four space as the localization space for tachyons it is shown that the split octonion wave equation reduces to the maxwells equation field equation for bradyons in r4 space as well as that for tachyons in t4 space in the absence of other
[['the', 'interpretations', 'of', 'octonion', 'wave', 'equations', 'in', 'eight', 'dimensional', 'spacetime', 'have', 'been', 'discussed', 'we', 'have', 'made', 'an', 'attempt', 'to', 'discuss', 'the', 'octonion', 'field', 'equation', 'as', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'motion', 'for', 'particles', 'carrying', 'simultaneously', 'electric', 'and', 'magnetic', 'charges', 'ie', 'dyons', 'in', 'external', 'and', 'internal', 'spaces', 'respectively', 'it', 'has', 'been', 'concluded', 'that', 'the', 'component', 'of', 'octonion', 'potential', 'wave', 'equations', 'behaves', 'neither', 'the', 'generalized', 'electromagnetic', 'fields', 'of', 'monopoles', 'nor', 'the', 'dyons', 'rather', 'they', 'have', 'the', 'mixed', 'behaviour', 'of', 'electromagnetic', 'fields', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'electric', 'and', 'magnetic', 'charges', 'in', 'external', 'and', 'internal', 'spaces', 'we', 'have', 'also', 'made', 'an', 'attempt', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'split', 'octonion', 'wave', 'equation', 'and', 'its', 'interpretation', 'in', 'classical', 'electrodynamics', 'and', 'accordingly', 'the', 'consistent', 'and', 'compact', 'forms', 'of', 'eightdimensional', 'potential', 'and', 'current', 'equation', 'of', 'dyons', 'are', 'obtained', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'zorns', 'vector', 'matrix', 'realization', 'of', 'split', 'octonionsvisualizing', 'the', 'external', 'four', 'space', 'as', 'the', 'localization', 'space', 'for', 'tachyons', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'split', 'octonion', 'wave', 'equation', 'reduces', 'to', 'the', 'maxwells', 'equation', 'field', 'equation', 'for', 'bradyons', 'in', 'r4', 'space', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'that', 'for', 'tachyons', 'in', 't4', 'space', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'other']]
[-0.18937143589195654, 0.16876600906737382, -0.06997116043491877, 0.09006555372518721, -0.12673655061269773, -0.07916271214909311, -0.05600089542359613, 0.3577143742635263, -0.2081550030979489, -0.28889390408430854, 0.057624065697677015, -0.26202748349949706, -0.15342311126143574, 0.15573115003758303, 0.012223152548475348, 0.012614214261824672, -0.03726678548183022, 0.10254120590248504, -0.0767680125528239, -0.23480532415648245, 0.3572307041704436, -0.017466814445159996, 0.254044973126264, -0.0036743541752825904, 0.14818620821721226, 0.008631225510151776, 0.0032550427547588363, 0.028162948365125534, -0.05333119140987189, 0.052619938047956574, 0.19672719430303273, 0.07155787738107727, 0.17223476736634638, -0.4888623508536283, -0.24241142822481568, 0.1158122078271052, 0.1907899710453797, 0.08410342926856693, -0.049641026366065, -0.30648653218574695, 0.02971566497093306, -0.15573185399778228, -0.2165385824355021, -0.11369515804953707, 0.07713722727552848, 0.04300795596446738, -0.20450382104257964, 0.0717891987643072, 0.04696372994703017, 0.03100665783842599, -0.17942560902294605, -0.135941622669512, -0.05293569388713521, 0.07139478728966007, 0.10562243013884665, 0.06450403388329475, 0.0828186735073781, -0.17116021363159112, -0.12152226274708212, 0.3956624142482211, -0.0826607636285311, -0.2903559970846348, 0.12237566933243968, -0.14512445316708505, -0.0814979476691614, 0.11844915559960206, 0.12291420222775147, 0.08606851209662647, -0.13556875086613207, 0.1540415408089757, -0.02379473925772378, 0.09292740416491935, 0.11082857679419594, 0.05905330997720028, 0.21541884122156232, 0.06500509176299225, 0.023548227061085693, 0.11183966284874025, -0.023826692391553758, -0.11251855940446154, -0.342580334704848, -0.2163437587266278, -0.1477109242104483, 0.09526892185434582, -0.06060540303636691, -0.18336187406132837, 0.33692984061846354, 0.1241193276761079, 0.1177624429383591, -0.058741364206640084, 0.2468461529794019, 0.1456024538915521, 0.08396190576848454, 0.05617456908946514, 0.26271579257738076, 0.23336678753638193, 0.13710626295908204, -0.21142697494799614, -0.09281198788946754, 0.08229431038717193]
708.1665
Entangling a nanomechanical resonator and a superconducting microwave cavity
We propose a scheme able to entangle at the steady state a nanomechanical resonator with a microwave cavity mode of a driven superconducting coplanar waveguide. The nanomechanical resonator is capacitively coupled with the central conductor of the waveguide and stationary entanglement is achievable up to temperatures of tens of milliKelvin.
cond-mat.mes-hall quant-ph
we propose a scheme able to entangle at the steady state a nanomechanical resonator with a microwave cavity mode of a driven superconducting coplanar waveguide the nanomechanical resonator is capacitively coupled with the central conductor of the waveguide and stationary entanglement is achievable up to temperatures of tens of millikelvin
[['we', 'propose', 'a', 'scheme', 'able', 'to', 'entangle', 'at', 'the', 'steady', 'state', 'a', 'nanomechanical', 'resonator', 'with', 'a', 'microwave', 'cavity', 'mode', 'of', 'a', 'driven', 'superconducting', 'coplanar', 'waveguide', 'the', 'nanomechanical', 'resonator', 'is', 'capacitively', 'coupled', 'with', 'the', 'central', 'conductor', 'of', 'the', 'waveguide', 'and', 'stationary', 'entanglement', 'is', 'achievable', 'up', 'to', 'temperatures', 'of', 'tens', 'of', 'millikelvin']]
[-0.24096789911389352, 0.2233077041245997, 0.01027958482503891, -0.18728879464324563, 0.001029246747493744, -0.29909680377691983, 0.07826067621121183, 0.4104023893363774, -0.18455383263528347, -0.23166952535510063, -0.029431390864774584, -0.3331179142743349, 0.023800076991319655, 0.26159491484984754, 0.013305092598311603, 0.13199944410473108, 0.030250086381565778, 0.008916398839792236, 0.004756993222981691, -0.12716271148063243, 0.28940946601331236, 0.05303094730712474, 0.35881093400530517, 0.0006639362126588821, 0.19549476676620542, -0.15478049624711276, 0.18828898441279307, -0.07170941988006234, -0.12356754638254643, 0.08701312079560011, 0.3060634993202984, -0.09920767117291689, 0.2857902641221881, -0.48874292731285096, -0.1390970378834754, 0.051884224060922864, 0.16744250275194644, 0.20089549442753196, 0.013667397070676088, -0.2814025267958641, 0.009821431003510952, -0.20680580146610736, -0.15498724898323415, -0.03950665997806937, -0.10309298282489181, -0.025334446839988232, -0.24816167667508127, 0.044328451547771694, 0.04206224149558693, 0.021474204119294883, 0.033495641236659136, 0.10461878918111324, 0.037926855115219954, 0.0030342375859618185, -0.15106936392374337, 0.0287317568808794, 0.28560656012035907, -0.04252209042198956, -0.10452099788933993, 0.305674976631999, -0.10601432643830776, -0.14059558507055045, 0.1793696963787079, -0.1681459357496351, 0.06711081876419485, 0.16080084580928086, 0.1715900975652039, 0.06627849799435354, -0.16552926600445061, -0.023720720283454285, 0.01243636512197554, 0.25830922298133374, 0.15144358430057764, 0.10869672052562236, 0.30439742594957353, 0.26564980966970325, 0.06270328023005277, 0.31448462992906573, -0.10787082716822624, -0.009916027206927538, -0.2889227394014597, -0.1256785448733717, -0.20947466455574612, 0.08599480442237109, -0.07517249704309506, -0.18991186920553446, 0.44446831064087744, 0.1369116522744298, 0.10911953968927264, -0.07913037097081542, 0.35771291956305507, 0.13529513575136662, 0.09298223108053208, 0.05781232317909599, 0.3375762201100588, 0.30049930095672606, 0.07374421099200845, -0.3969997618533671, -0.1324077507853508, -0.08448246183805168]
708.1666
Angle dependent magnetoresistance measurements in Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ and the need for anisotropic scattering
The angle-dependent interlayer magnetoresistance of overdoped Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ has been measured in high magnetic fields up to 45 Tesla. A conventional Boltzmann transport analysis with no basal-plane anisotropy in the cyclotron frequency $\omega_c$ or transport lifetime $\tau$ is shown to be inadequate for explaining the data. We describe in detail how the analysis can be modified to incorporate in-plane anisotropy in these two key quantities and extract the degree of anisotropy for each by assuming a simple four-fold symmetry. While anisotropy in $\omega_c$ and other Fermi surface parameters may improve the fit, we demonstrate that the most important anisotropy is that in the transport lifetime, thus confirming its role in the physics of overdoped superconducting cuprates.
cond-mat.supr-con
the angledependent interlayer magnetoresistance of overdoped tl_2ba_2cuo_6delta has been measured in high magnetic fields up to 45 tesla a conventional boltzmann transport analysis with no basalplane anisotropy in the cyclotron frequency omega_c or transport lifetime tau is shown to be inadequate for explaining the data we describe in detail how the analysis can be modified to incorporate inplane anisotropy in these two key quantities and extract the degree of anisotropy for each by assuming a simple fourfold symmetry while anisotropy in omega_c and other fermi surface parameters may improve the fit we demonstrate that the most important anisotropy is that in the transport lifetime thus confirming its role in the physics of overdoped superconducting cuprates
[['the', 'angledependent', 'interlayer', 'magnetoresistance', 'of', 'overdoped', 'tl_2ba_2cuo_6delta', 'has', 'been', 'measured', 'in', 'high', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'up', 'to', '45', 'tesla', 'a', 'conventional', 'boltzmann', 'transport', 'analysis', 'with', 'no', 'basalplane', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'the', 'cyclotron', 'frequency', 'omega_c', 'or', 'transport', 'lifetime', 'tau', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'inadequate', 'for', 'explaining', 'the', 'data', 'we', 'describe', 'in', 'detail', 'how', 'the', 'analysis', 'can', 'be', 'modified', 'to', 'incorporate', 'inplane', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'these', 'two', 'key', 'quantities', 'and', 'extract', 'the', 'degree', 'of', 'anisotropy', 'for', 'each', 'by', 'assuming', 'a', 'simple', 'fourfold', 'symmetry', 'while', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'omega_c', 'and', 'other', 'fermi', 'surface', 'parameters', 'may', 'improve', 'the', 'fit', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'the', 'most', 'important', 'anisotropy', 'is', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'transport', 'lifetime', 'thus', 'confirming', 'its', 'role', 'in', 'the', 'physics', 'of', 'overdoped', 'superconducting', 'cuprates']]
[-0.15280272021545502, 0.18905266599486703, -0.06515611274491834, 0.049929348814665625, -0.08949664897568847, -0.1490994896699229, 0.014811963818805373, 0.3671428900212049, -0.27036068434320876, -0.31753948910728746, -0.004339717056237809, -0.30174699673510114, -0.06831337250364215, 0.24226507289314886, 0.034631110671097816, 0.024038523585920263, -0.02370854453386172, -0.013416203759286715, -0.0747853057904412, -0.2210897940899367, 0.27685889023072696, 0.0812042844178074, 0.34219577609075474, 0.11264934092760086, 0.02561239235042392, -0.02373018556719889, 0.0847257103851956, 0.034313977768887644, -0.15365446965961777, 0.04086061926639598, 0.28034210485082284, -0.06282106503722784, 0.17291192868319544, -0.39665105118638955, -0.25122703406149927, 0.027077862713485955, 0.1928155126515776, 0.12667940986423712, -0.026999686249410328, -0.21500219179155386, 0.05872438219173447, -0.11290193989015002, -0.13707082133699694, -0.14657307056224217, -0.015597452907620565, -0.018155865276576547, -0.22671427312104597, 0.13702832324349362, 0.05147373639148377, 0.09510890104524468, -0.09606964740315048, -0.1617524522802104, -0.0511866245702233, 0.06164493420485245, 0.10440655319506059, 0.07157864855784599, 0.12611001744491818, -0.12114496097049636, -0.09628485384518685, 0.35646038248163203, -0.06927245543135897, -0.13356360082879015, 0.10203129725287789, -0.23238029025657023, -0.13399124745603488, 0.12344370999413988, 0.13201755697474532, 0.029544514568482082, -0.1478591528792015, 0.08266543863320966, 0.003096454363802205, 0.19379044225763367, 0.04116795018274823, 0.05648822735326932, 0.23928002182232297, 0.19227902116456433, 0.013596861777098283, 0.09405896839554138, -0.1641927971686844, -0.0127111849921715, -0.21796687355507974, -0.14127304441012117, -0.19525425553767253, 0.0807730586025054, -0.08223788456804038, -0.11746226739133303, 0.4186097682494184, 0.1982246123507376, 0.2332119304119893, -0.09134054512352399, 0.25923657232247616, 0.11575468149360107, 0.09946611533700692, 0.0834314822907681, 0.30097232451308115, 0.15046338709678664, 0.12770732052664718, -0.3205101832261552, 0.10114548771601656, -0.04035108642571646]
708.1667
Universal near-horizon conformal structure and black hole entropy
It is shown that a massless scalar probe reveals a universal near-horizon conformal structure for a wide class of black holes, including the BTZ. The central charge of the corresponding Virasoro algebra contains information about the black hole. With a suitable quantization condition on the central charge, the CFT associated with the black hole in our approach is consistent with the recent observation of Witten, where the dual theory for the BTZ in the AdS/CFT framework has been identified with the construction of Frenkel, Lepowsky and Meurman. This CFT admits the Fischer-Griess monster group as its symmetry. The logarithm of the dimension of a specific representation of the monster group has been identified by Witten as the entropy of the BTZ black hole. Our algebraic approach shows that a wide class of black holes share the same near-horizon conformal structure as that for the BTZ. With a suitable quantization condition, the CFT's for all these black holes in our formalism can be identified with the FLM model, although not through the AdS/CFT correspondence. The corresponding entropy for the BTZ provides a lower bound for the entropy of this entire class of black holes.
hep-th gr-qc
it is shown that a massless scalar probe reveals a universal nearhorizon conformal structure for a wide class of black holes including the btz the central charge of the corresponding virasoro algebra contains information about the black hole with a suitable quantization condition on the central charge the cft associated with the black hole in our approach is consistent with the recent observation of witten where the dual theory for the btz in the adscft framework has been identified with the construction of frenkel lepowsky and meurman this cft admits the fischergriess monster group as its symmetry the logarithm of the dimension of a specific representation of the monster group has been identified by witten as the entropy of the btz black hole our algebraic approach shows that a wide class of black holes share the same nearhorizon conformal structure as that for the btz with a suitable quantization condition the cfts for all these black holes in our formalism can be identified with the flm model although not through the adscft correspondence the corresponding entropy for the btz provides a lower bound for the entropy of this entire class of black holes
[['it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'a', 'massless', 'scalar', 'probe', 'reveals', 'a', 'universal', 'nearhorizon', 'conformal', 'structure', 'for', 'a', 'wide', 'class', 'of', 'black', 'holes', 'including', 'the', 'btz', 'the', 'central', 'charge', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'virasoro', 'algebra', 'contains', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'with', 'a', 'suitable', 'quantization', 'condition', 'on', 'the', 'central', 'charge', 'the', 'cft', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'black', 'hole', 'in', 'our', 'approach', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'recent', 'observation', 'of', 'witten', 'where', 'the', 'dual', 'theory', 'for', 'the', 'btz', 'in', 'the', 'adscft', 'framework', 'has', 'been', 'identified', 'with', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'frenkel', 'lepowsky', 'and', 'meurman', 'this', 'cft', 'admits', 'the', 'fischergriess', 'monster', 'group', 'as', 'its', 'symmetry', 'the', 'logarithm', 'of', 'the', 'dimension', 'of', 'a', 'specific', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'monster', 'group', 'has', 'been', 'identified', 'by', 'witten', 'as', 'the', 'entropy', 'of', 'the', 'btz', 'black', 'hole', 'our', 'algebraic', 'approach', 'shows', 'that', 'a', 'wide', 'class', 'of', 'black', 'holes', 'share', 'the', 'same', 'nearhorizon', 'conformal', 'structure', 'as', 'that', 'for', 'the', 'btz', 'with', 'a', 'suitable', 'quantization', 'condition', 'the', 'cfts', 'for', 'all', 'these', 'black', 'holes', 'in', 'our', 'formalism', 'can', 'be', 'identified', 'with', 'the', 'flm', 'model', 'although', 'not', 'through', 'the', 'adscft', 'correspondence', 'the', 'corresponding', 'entropy', 'for', 'the', 'btz', 'provides', 'a', 'lower', 'bound', 'for', 'the', 'entropy', 'of', 'this', 'entire', 'class', 'of', 'black', 'holes']]
[-0.12276706729419626, 0.07127600997038562, -0.10006771268868346, 0.0994248677122315, -0.0819518360540927, -0.15218178229044563, -0.011849090846018972, 0.24507129268595282, -0.1569896120134104, -0.2628656213456485, 0.0899277326036872, -0.3072118295134658, -0.1376011263521224, 0.18368303072590556, -0.07393763413160576, 0.05984788885975855, -0.007541357327271929, 0.1262896438153374, -0.13022418189890336, -0.21394405816862638, 0.3733137248082743, 0.06512757788841743, 0.2833009176306098, 0.041866314751844026, 0.11322315662937635, 0.019926935431928677, 0.03610492306833826, 0.03374799890588448, -0.1487540789979611, 0.12366227203391376, 0.25033276450188124, 0.10689693638135636, 0.18927948662065394, -0.3596078564118536, -0.256546561879925, 0.04508063334904109, 0.14939841185093236, 0.14508893478352944, -0.10322732601490914, -0.2716114629069681, 0.11766450004073081, -0.25362785903669394, -0.14324412312373094, -0.04123079308931151, 0.04654022770417478, -0.0952313651711984, -0.20510712911681286, 0.11471639020782244, 0.08318644819703976, -0.04980935359981702, -0.0981562082960941, -0.021350612817452787, -0.12754480592505957, 0.10055779042313541, 0.11540678206413811, 0.04824863248408188, 0.15316190138529176, -0.12828377598201146, -0.14784156422581948, 0.31346534270976567, -0.017208686942919858, -0.20488319158737447, 0.14804405176413724, -0.22904450112683553, -0.1625801872973538, 0.09507686393021804, 0.06215584846913158, 0.21740800019479092, -0.12362339881844722, 0.20060906291141903, -0.0989441330052449, 0.10220595645004102, 0.09773049550854788, 0.06800884976645286, 0.3525684604715614, 0.09385109468478736, 0.02051000709167725, 0.2111009997357928, -0.018990986296784015, -0.10536064701444359, -0.3678092455631363, -0.19225122764831548, -0.19030304365716585, 0.12762862294461455, -0.19439277212837303, -0.20026141388744112, 0.36937843995661007, 0.08565553193819923, 0.2060642671091856, 0.03638430235067797, 0.17431854039656514, 0.1042588742050569, 0.10768454750864694, 0.10317467793416946, 0.25942357125513527, 0.175140101912581, 0.11256367085776606, -0.25294834678423217, -0.08758979418418741, 0.1917892301749496]
708.1668
Measurement of B+ -> D+ D0bar branching fraction and charge asymmetry and search for B0 -> D0 D0bar
We report an improved measurement of the B+ -> D+ D0bar and B0 -> D0 D0bar decays based on 656.7 10^6 BBar events collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. We measure the branching fraction and charge asymmetry for the B+ -> D+ D0bar decay: Br(B+ -> D+ D0bar)= (3.85 +- 0.31 +- 0.38) 10^-4 and A_{CP}(B+ -> D+ D0bar)=0.00 +- 0.08 +- 0.02, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematical. We also set the upper limit for the B0 -> D0 D0bar decay: Br(B0 -> D0 D0bar) < 0.42 10^-4 at 90% CL.
hep-ex
we report an improved measurement of the b d d0bar and b0 d0 d0bar decays based on 6567 106 bbar events collected with the belle detector at kekb we measure the branching fraction and charge asymmetry for the b d d0bar decay brb d d0bar 385 031 038 104 and a_cpb d d0bar000 008 002 where the first error is statistical and the second is systematical we also set the upper limit for the b0 d0 d0bar decay brb0 d0 d0bar 042 104 at 90 cl
[['we', 'report', 'an', 'improved', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'b', 'd', 'd0bar', 'and', 'b0', 'd0', 'd0bar', 'decays', 'based', 'on', '6567', '106', 'bbar', 'events', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'belle', 'detector', 'at', 'kekb', 'we', 'measure', 'the', 'branching', 'fraction', 'and', 'charge', 'asymmetry', 'for', 'the', 'b', 'd', 'd0bar', 'decay', 'brb', 'd', 'd0bar', '385', '031', '038', '104', 'and', 'a_cpb', 'd', 'd0bar000', '008', '002', 'where', 'the', 'first', 'error', 'is', 'statistical', 'and', 'the', 'second', 'is', 'systematical', 'we', 'also', 'set', 'the', 'upper', 'limit', 'for', 'the', 'b0', 'd0', 'd0bar', 'decay', 'brb0', 'd0', 'd0bar', '042', '104', 'at', '90', 'cl']]
[-0.11171562984998759, 0.25370626122891, -0.02575262068837349, 0.0417990385432772, 0.013172079359979503, -0.14758149687466876, 0.2413557545639508, 0.18699741177260876, -0.15096951555460691, -0.2881155184337071, -0.05810432978129635, -0.5053337686029928, 0.09719922601999272, 0.11335456107709822, 0.06907366392191588, 0.16261861557030075, 0.1291083390270138, -0.0135211757982948, -0.043944748222462034, -0.17775040376000106, 0.07338595736239638, -0.060924744773988744, 0.22262380537687845, 0.10138394976300853, -0.07498994242355582, -0.07031247110682584, -0.053233758750138804, -0.1699444133832696, -0.3097501141684396, -0.04477524644296084, 0.193112643025372, 0.1371908328507007, 0.08631854005978398, -0.24057823065890088, 0.16753784548269496, 0.21057949271995485, 0.1787943808761026, -0.046715056124542444, 0.06414007534095574, -0.48350139019922134, 0.24871817431856125, -0.17215322617197498, 0.03971340650847802, 0.045903544196681606, 0.16360710186529018, -0.23711102150957145, -0.4484044636067535, 0.19776096491806952, -0.09103039131011992, 0.1420414860417839, 0.020074847276278195, -0.36593423340985154, 0.014806674430257686, -0.09241810777512867, 0.03534366482580524, 0.21478735229798726, 0.23280983679329179, 0.05510905845135096, -0.1552543595566281, 0.32129311390842, -0.1475554718700074, -0.13604514181081737, 0.09276843060728251, -0.3293455621848504, -0.11874209826679102, 0.24679843897077566, 0.2501265674696437, -0.009103086765944249, -0.21085528232201578, 0.13107217757108933, 0.02043697169227969, 0.25140943216337336, 0.11819640998839445, 0.10460679285876852, 0.13073566823177749, 0.24648701794268119, -0.035654029642630904, -0.02548668141077672, -0.24605676160094195, 0.07584580781293057, -0.45898819307330996, -0.09510817509033673, -0.04664152356729444, 0.16996893681408393, -0.11393355166780696, 0.03192590046784885, 0.2911384440625885, 0.0006395716863196521, 0.3930776622700727, 0.028900840641221122, 0.25402019266039133, 0.07299931727400344, -0.109964919323656, 0.0865800279896662, 0.3581855978755768, 0.269991331401148, 0.1458151360150493, -0.34740493277405177, 0.06853005124832548, -0.03629773749881202]
708.1669
GaAs delta-doped quantum wire superlattice characterization by quantum Hall effect and Shubnikov de Haas oscillations
Quantum wire superlattices (1D) realized by controlled dislocation slipping in quantum well superlattices (2D) (atomic saw method) have already shown magnetophonon oscillations. This effect has been used to investigate the electronic properties of such systems and prove the quantum character of the physical properties of the wires. By cooling the temperature and using pulsed magnetic field up to 35 T, we have observed both quantum Hall effect (QHE) and Shubnikov de Haas (SdH) oscillations for various configurations of the magnetic field. The effective masses deduced from the values of the fundamental fields are coherent with those obtained with magnetophonon effect. The field rotation induces a change in the resonance frequencies due to the modification of the mass tensor as in a (3D) electron gas. In view the QHE, the plateaus observed in rho_yz are dephased relatively to rho_zz minima which seems to be linked to the dephasing of the minima of the density of states of the broadened Landau levels.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.dis-nn
quantum wire superlattices 1d realized by controlled dislocation slipping in quantum well superlattices 2d atomic saw method have already shown magnetophonon oscillations this effect has been used to investigate the electronic properties of such systems and prove the quantum character of the physical properties of the wires by cooling the temperature and using pulsed magnetic field up to 35 t we have observed both quantum hall effect qhe and shubnikov de haas sdh oscillations for various configurations of the magnetic field the effective masses deduced from the values of the fundamental fields are coherent with those obtained with magnetophonon effect the field rotation induces a change in the resonance frequencies due to the modification of the mass tensor as in a 3d electron gas in view the qhe the plateaus observed in rho_yz are dephased relatively to rho_zz minima which seems to be linked to the dephasing of the minima of the density of states of the broadened landau levels
[['quantum', 'wire', 'superlattices', '1d', 'realized', 'by', 'controlled', 'dislocation', 'slipping', 'in', 'quantum', 'well', 'superlattices', '2d', 'atomic', 'saw', 'method', 'have', 'already', 'shown', 'magnetophonon', 'oscillations', 'this', 'effect', 'has', 'been', 'used', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'electronic', 'properties', 'of', 'such', 'systems', 'and', 'prove', 'the', 'quantum', 'character', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'wires', 'by', 'cooling', 'the', 'temperature', 'and', 'using', 'pulsed', 'magnetic', 'field', 'up', 'to', '35', 't', 'we', 'have', 'observed', 'both', 'quantum', 'hall', 'effect', 'qhe', 'and', 'shubnikov', 'de', 'haas', 'sdh', 'oscillations', 'for', 'various', 'configurations', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'the', 'effective', 'masses', 'deduced', 'from', 'the', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'fundamental', 'fields', 'are', 'coherent', 'with', 'those', 'obtained', 'with', 'magnetophonon', 'effect', 'the', 'field', 'rotation', 'induces', 'a', 'change', 'in', 'the', 'resonance', 'frequencies', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'modification', 'of', 'the', 'mass', 'tensor', 'as', 'in', 'a', '3d', 'electron', 'gas', 'in', 'view', 'the', 'qhe', 'the', 'plateaus', 'observed', 'in', 'rho_yz', 'are', 'dephased', 'relatively', 'to', 'rho_zz', 'minima', 'which', 'seems', 'to', 'be', 'linked', 'to', 'the', 'dephasing', 'of', 'the', 'minima', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'states', 'of', 'the', 'broadened', 'landau', 'levels']]
[-0.17946146484545455, 0.2402560165169637, -0.06973924913702981, 0.03855122934623115, 0.007058710186989813, -0.10962965954802459, 0.03542949672039787, 0.3385129866154888, -0.2592655263194237, -0.33880526894302687, 0.017334866699249826, -0.2405942093368761, -0.13011128965270105, 0.23539027749101007, 0.0026656185819095447, 0.0690371476150084, -0.017026029736440206, -0.005044159169980808, -0.06791414616664848, -0.20318901971795986, 0.2905259777591387, 0.038153977622572756, 0.3152204217931515, 0.046158449140766375, 0.050850884862173394, -0.03616981514540937, 0.08422254501617973, 0.06064845535526924, -0.12932663966914126, 0.03443613376496419, 0.2182670047586265, -0.0785243889220487, 0.1896334028378412, -0.45994324623783933, -0.21508781504051028, 0.02447067660314939, 0.12935933811001368, 0.1821870926472497, -0.05348015732545983, -0.3212538412890008, 0.035935983875224106, -0.10535890757566012, -0.12172586933556426, -0.07185026228168531, -0.002230390002273165, -0.013287854666786291, -0.21047605020053026, 0.11404793134863235, 0.045699913113649134, 0.12111207950400495, -0.08481721903486296, -0.10419593567818497, -0.04857101815213343, 0.08012346312686612, 0.04848804603525308, 0.019920829446290773, 0.1857087070688228, -0.1329495796588945, -0.15861705015708186, 0.37990255516222854, -0.08091668158038696, -0.10149233000164357, 0.15873388006481565, -0.22053313021263685, -0.06445573168641687, 0.152243797119141, 0.10539863887390334, 0.05485629097299202, -0.09703035970053435, 0.10059331230932693, 0.00635874719297089, 0.11594529847814879, 0.10255788724067845, 0.08913021991500937, 0.2702492075335659, 0.09826249178333939, 0.010991275242730221, 0.11662123741543722, -0.16627637718957436, -0.04924462206478973, -0.20100845089418035, -0.14607486302343262, -0.20412705584924337, 0.09893938642558112, -0.02411092648879828, -0.21119124487191998, 0.43110989690227786, 0.13690735623417305, 0.2076958306491098, -0.061566007571866664, 0.24333295285041573, 0.1726407252563034, 0.12102034515583346, 0.031118817541960487, 0.2803402629021859, 0.23955327377631033, 0.13472671424262697, -0.3309795870931961, 0.016503110392419976, -0.0007035547286814338]
708.167
Formation of a black hole from an AdS spacetime
We shall first discuss motivation for higher dimension even for classical description of gravitational dynamics and then construct a black hole out of an anti-deSitter (AdS) spacetime by prescribing a coupling between Gauss-Bonnet parameter, constant curvature of extra dimensional space and $\Lambda$. This is a creation of pure curvature which establishes the fundamental reciprocity between matter and gravity/curvature.
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
we shall first discuss motivation for higher dimension even for classical description of gravitational dynamics and then construct a black hole out of an antidesitter ads spacetime by prescribing a coupling between gaussbonnet parameter constant curvature of extra dimensional space and lambda this is a creation of pure curvature which establishes the fundamental reciprocity between matter and gravitycurvature
[['we', 'shall', 'first', 'discuss', 'motivation', 'for', 'higher', 'dimension', 'even', 'for', 'classical', 'description', 'of', 'gravitational', 'dynamics', 'and', 'then', 'construct', 'a', 'black', 'hole', 'out', 'of', 'an', 'antidesitter', 'ads', 'spacetime', 'by', 'prescribing', 'a', 'coupling', 'between', 'gaussbonnet', 'parameter', 'constant', 'curvature', 'of', 'extra', 'dimensional', 'space', 'and', 'lambda', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'creation', 'of', 'pure', 'curvature', 'which', 'establishes', 'the', 'fundamental', 'reciprocity', 'between', 'matter', 'and', 'gravitycurvature']]
[-0.18532047424007925, 0.14643174410913048, -0.06924194438186915, 0.1114613623766784, -0.12432577019851458, -0.17285347135998963, -0.007562888328704918, 0.2722898161921062, -0.20871198589897208, -0.26340939756023307, 0.06666908061270717, -0.22097596562091718, -0.16906972147785782, 0.14066212756657287, -0.018500515717294132, -0.036819115405689856, -0.059031556605508455, 0.07788829972738759, -0.09818828555657283, -0.21848292233781857, 0.4572786335882388, 0.07123282394911114, 0.22689918742368095, 0.06142717775104469, 0.14814316654545173, 0.016760873692794376, -0.028772296939502683, 0.04866991178980179, -0.2289521021507027, 0.11701608301454894, 0.18706471491768434, 0.08499043617446564, 0.23431122512148136, -0.3725139484005539, -0.2593098335588972, 0.1235885106582652, 0.10891260522041928, 0.15107423048915766, -0.06516548564806662, -0.2822925445803425, 0.04956435381941367, -0.17122377148878418, -0.15375049383657283, -0.08721403821714614, 0.07326769266735043, -0.11282962563104536, -0.23877095819140473, 0.10690389562136772, 0.07073892280459404, -0.009722922863275335, -0.11013850715754782, -0.02725130133330822, -0.05302555512702256, 0.09466462983267807, 0.11178437958210054, 0.012487973405146286, 0.07807643293288716, -0.15660522791330822, -0.1236471506734297, 0.35725040458502216, -0.1221887366437729, -0.23691694360030324, 0.14936637964401916, -0.17824340212207876, -0.08683404364835537, 0.05829084296955874, 0.146182008152991, 0.15290787516227156, -0.10120822788265191, 0.19973745972853513, 0.02653643043442188, 0.17770869454793764, 0.16059975528664755, 0.05068388029017992, 0.2980112815684263, 0.11794909851200748, 0.09075641085949253, 0.16705309468926044, -0.013082655334616439, -0.11044337079255727, -0.4159031430128635, -0.25755937938300666, -0.15675249003413083, 0.16543485804281213, -0.20769686963365275, -0.15162823689088487, 0.2939980179643291, 0.04932249463040774, 0.1662167200263132, 0.04947018455264665, 0.2596713885207448, 0.062412938023427206, -0.022498818281874583, 0.08176911062675349, 0.30199637590793144, 0.15064271897682102, 0.0869098663526146, -0.19900892384088875, -0.11544234540901686, 0.14200994665652775]
708.1671
Harnack inequality and applications for stochastic generalized porous media equations
By using coupling and Girsanov transformations, the dimension-free Harnack inequality and the strong Feller property are proved for transition semigroups of solutions to a class of stochastic generalized porous media equations. As applications, explicit upper bounds of the $L^p$-norm of the density as well as hypercontractivity, ultracontractivity and compactness of the corresponding semigroup are derived.
math.PR
by using coupling and girsanov transformations the dimensionfree harnack inequality and the strong feller property are proved for transition semigroups of solutions to a class of stochastic generalized porous media equations as applications explicit upper bounds of the lpnorm of the density as well as hypercontractivity ultracontractivity and compactness of the corresponding semigroup are derived
[['by', 'using', 'coupling', 'and', 'girsanov', 'transformations', 'the', 'dimensionfree', 'harnack', 'inequality', 'and', 'the', 'strong', 'feller', 'property', 'are', 'proved', 'for', 'transition', 'semigroups', 'of', 'solutions', 'to', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'stochastic', 'generalized', 'porous', 'media', 'equations', 'as', 'applications', 'explicit', 'upper', 'bounds', 'of', 'the', 'lpnorm', 'of', 'the', 'density', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'hypercontractivity', 'ultracontractivity', 'and', 'compactness', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'semigroup', 'are', 'derived']]
[-0.061718800714747474, 0.0762442446292632, -0.04205524708906358, 0.16284738643602892, -0.08570902531289241, -0.14420115769078787, 0.014702089249410412, 0.3160642528567802, -0.3610050109130415, -0.2258060122924772, 0.2176146957896311, -0.31657080453058534, -0.11974472779441964, 0.25267708891664037, -0.044275154867632824, 0.14999207334423606, -0.0010605862406505779, 0.01333336415277286, -0.11377855836921795, -0.15596155023667962, 0.3725565422664989, -0.031113517261110245, 0.25653483005748556, 0.11313012811270627, 0.13164409105877645, -0.061285477690398694, -0.004179560037499124, -0.017204115277325564, -0.2173170939003202, 0.12482076207683845, 0.2291781509252773, 0.09559166262095625, 0.28216778939081866, -0.39315898729996246, -0.20876694678921592, 0.1255971308247271, 0.08882124913295476, 0.015322682566263459, -0.09559177806262266, -0.3954088721763004, 0.04031657913530415, -0.09929389516738328, -0.18019967530430717, -0.13081705385649747, 0.037375006316737694, 0.17993427079001612, -0.36950219896706665, 0.1341487213080241, 0.19373472390738739, 0.02764383115414107, -0.08715018262578682, -0.07770204422148791, -0.07258610443889417, 0.045950623593208464, 0.06385018191808327, -0.07432584541595795, 0.11118479240685701, -0.07494704630225897, -0.10380346569528973, 0.29754412511194295, -0.13694044766439634, -0.21077020811763678, 0.13549878001636403, -0.11950128204612569, -0.13177689116617494, 0.09403708749027415, 0.15584726626561446, 0.14786416239697825, -0.1871025626462969, 0.1777593983474865, -0.07127251355189153, 0.032590197788720784, 0.11407174576412547, 0.11912694075568156, -0.020074252851984716, 0.07576417495411905, 0.16288638089529492, 0.18082062952135775, 0.057034421542828735, -0.08234607241201129, -0.37807622137056157, -0.19794948143376545, -0.19926419258117675, 0.13644493132491003, -0.2212240723546446, -0.20667975290720775, 0.2490771456452256, 0.08402214165438306, 0.10462395508180965, 0.14851850021461194, 0.1583231090060012, 0.2156751212177121, -0.00837813051925464, 0.07845637479966337, 0.20573799711736765, 0.34188436114398596, 0.13138681299645794, -0.14544266059317373, 0.1155868866480887, 0.27513217581859367]
708.1672
Studying Transition Region Phenomena with Solar-B/EIS
Transition region lines in active regions can become strongly enhanced in coronal footpoints and active region blinkers. The weak transition region lines found in the Solar-B/EIS wavebands will thus become useful for diagnostic studies of these events. EIS count rates predicted from SOHO/CDS spectra are presented, and a Mg VII density diagnostic is highlighted.
astro-ph
transition region lines in active regions can become strongly enhanced in coronal footpoints and active region blinkers the weak transition region lines found in the solarbeis wavebands will thus become useful for diagnostic studies of these events eis count rates predicted from sohocds spectra are presented and a mg vii density diagnostic is highlighted
[['transition', 'region', 'lines', 'in', 'active', 'regions', 'can', 'become', 'strongly', 'enhanced', 'in', 'coronal', 'footpoints', 'and', 'active', 'region', 'blinkers', 'the', 'weak', 'transition', 'region', 'lines', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'solarbeis', 'wavebands', 'will', 'thus', 'become', 'useful', 'for', 'diagnostic', 'studies', 'of', 'these', 'events', 'eis', 'count', 'rates', 'predicted', 'from', 'sohocds', 'spectra', 'are', 'presented', 'and', 'a', 'mg', 'vii', 'density', 'diagnostic', 'is', 'highlighted']]
[-0.06070495521614574, 0.19254167544005332, 0.04753783942674691, 0.17471258581466623, 0.0012358569909098013, -0.17052080832808367, 0.056716979709717466, 0.48318578808937435, -0.12153648639554684, -0.3043440653995242, 0.07157719625766336, -0.3196961824729476, -0.08257839747897859, 0.22494428070648662, -0.005610260846124048, -0.04889919483190719, 0.03839652523187534, -0.05455473689186686, -0.01739057937180096, -0.13032923811027464, 0.22773831045993095, 0.1302644954291436, 0.3025143615163441, 0.04951818044877277, -0.06520518850324289, -0.14070788593435624, -0.09680367719803779, 0.11333465117539437, -0.1288273065825397, 0.06001185877072924, 0.34499906270571473, 0.13543872584430677, 0.1938118555073468, -0.3573718665591617, -0.29610199463676734, 0.029987527479259472, 0.26924075257419694, -0.011266404723326833, -0.06372290067726148, -0.3014719327779944, 0.018116839511214563, -0.07014750611511464, -0.11381238969570061, 0.013823690912071264, 0.054308484079983996, 0.005405245014940793, -0.2939101532892377, 0.07156403048209986, -0.035971624031003985, 0.10959727506873743, -0.05971727851461971, -0.0828084612950542, -0.06419409610295915, 0.1279660042634515, 0.03627461992327194, 0.0070698470193541274, 0.23855106413083257, -0.1405066011543825, -0.019733316388051463, 0.2912634491815038, -0.030337812168137083, 0.03513159451760211, 0.2438552042574815, -0.24856638172114232, -0.1730546394433334, 0.29647651177672846, 0.1275821912611993, 0.1465675054504624, -0.09189983654134679, -0.012789954859675523, 0.05504155307920333, 0.14846567799038482, 0.0050725444958035675, 0.04907881935074363, 0.3164453223909972, 0.021881031461130334, 0.018513801630656673, 0.12467773330072819, -0.25745432303761534, -0.0836365644617955, -0.2596248359472122, -0.14559702578721181, -0.018560916220523277, -0.034867902967270534, -0.05783370658173226, -0.1632358764807852, 0.33918993591489094, 0.1020942662034254, 0.23033986483120694, -0.11310162045114305, 0.23361860936120996, 0.11238018658785325, 0.05566277683993696, 0.09382612663233336, 0.34952879799002745, 0.16988010367132583, 0.184056839589381, -0.1663424462246937, 0.08047556350851115, 0.09613195111324906]
708.1673
Optimized minigaps for negative differential resistance creation in strongly delta-doped (1D) superlattices
The "atomic saw method" uses the passage of dislocations in two-dimensional (2D) quantum-well superlattices to create periodic slipping layers and one-dimensional (1D) quantum wire superlattices. The effects of this space structuring of the samples on the allowed energies are analysed in the case of GaAs d-doped superlattices. If they are sufficiently large, the various minigaps appearing in the 1D band structure could be responsible for the presence of negative differential resistance (NDR) with high critical current in these systems. The purpose is to determine the evolution of the minigaps in terms of the sample parameters and to obtain the means to determine both the 2D and 1D structural characteristics where NDR could appear.
cond-mat.dis-nn cond-mat.mes-hall
the atomic saw method uses the passage of dislocations in twodimensional 2d quantumwell superlattices to create periodic slipping layers and onedimensional 1d quantum wire superlattices the effects of this space structuring of the samples on the allowed energies are analysed in the case of gaas ddoped superlattices if they are sufficiently large the various minigaps appearing in the 1d band structure could be responsible for the presence of negative differential resistance ndr with high critical current in these systems the purpose is to determine the evolution of the minigaps in terms of the sample parameters and to obtain the means to determine both the 2d and 1d structural characteristics where ndr could appear
[['the', 'atomic', 'saw', 'method', 'uses', 'the', 'passage', 'of', 'dislocations', 'in', 'twodimensional', '2d', 'quantumwell', 'superlattices', 'to', 'create', 'periodic', 'slipping', 'layers', 'and', 'onedimensional', '1d', 'quantum', 'wire', 'superlattices', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'this', 'space', 'structuring', 'of', 'the', 'samples', 'on', 'the', 'allowed', 'energies', 'are', 'analysed', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'gaas', 'ddoped', 'superlattices', 'if', 'they', 'are', 'sufficiently', 'large', 'the', 'various', 'minigaps', 'appearing', 'in', 'the', '1d', 'band', 'structure', 'could', 'be', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'negative', 'differential', 'resistance', 'ndr', 'with', 'high', 'critical', 'current', 'in', 'these', 'systems', 'the', 'purpose', 'is', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'minigaps', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'sample', 'parameters', 'and', 'to', 'obtain', 'the', 'means', 'to', 'determine', 'both', 'the', '2d', 'and', '1d', 'structural', 'characteristics', 'where', 'ndr', 'could', 'appear']]
[-0.15517325821487507, 0.16005335420569672, 0.0006946888918589268, 0.025148547246187394, -0.012850875671054902, -0.13804285929238955, 0.019748017433032925, 0.38647352498290793, -0.2866947008140934, -0.3162110740418679, 0.05882727170475326, -0.26958742204754216, -0.14393641566857696, 0.20365018703575646, 0.0025219867238774896, 0.07601108128437772, 0.014454920325079001, -0.04545415061043708, -0.0775496724610483, -0.23158434494689573, 0.31474231868092567, 0.015641069749627996, 0.29173440779725623, 0.05146289049714271, 0.005716289961128496, -0.009771135831085433, 0.039118485733134936, 0.01903364537091485, -0.16352902189542615, 0.08990102288745609, 0.23410019108476782, -0.10231677701813169, 0.2068175388880523, -0.4756528089468312, -0.2152748475865727, 0.03855388825260369, 0.16382597007447788, 0.15932701538466582, -0.027844024029036518, -0.25935143060840865, 0.07159067840880848, -0.06697667412559635, -0.13983749940858356, -0.04305024139050927, 0.0028842606032932444, 0.04049907660893431, -0.22626797219449404, 0.06883012376160227, 0.03499812833615579, 0.04509994099706611, -0.09135501033493451, -0.0787502916188844, -0.09083125730415174, 0.13116462291717262, -0.00946630489488598, -0.0338875447175399, 0.12821241030802152, -0.1155224800355167, -0.11071342699246348, 0.40592099767777007, -0.053777301160153, -0.16594090699592406, 0.19933701399194043, -0.20471801269325493, -0.05333542244209509, 0.14828042333829217, 0.16933036221390857, 0.06190551034108337, -0.12292026594565998, 0.07725404185319869, 0.0005642113475395101, 0.13703375356037992, 0.07103207193514598, 0.06919565116654017, 0.23546224825466716, 0.17392574890150822, 0.03846596316101828, 0.1360718823447574, -0.1584671227007805, -0.04977898608610433, -0.24642555111287429, -0.19308219241377497, -0.18933087132505275, 0.040749642381602565, -0.08334471714273864, -0.2474434106843546, 0.4292096915762938, 0.14332477805562252, 0.20242536504520103, -0.05761687044494985, 0.2077657114662413, 0.1624337853198605, 0.09846691257553175, 0.03371818626016777, 0.23292619626460823, 0.15537308277271222, 0.12453517122152594, -0.24898553150290223, 0.07516121389042903, 0.01727421981714932]
708.1674
Broadening processes in GaAs delta-doped quantum wire superlattices
We use both Quantum Hall and Shubnikov de Haas experiments at high magnetic field and low temperature to analyse broadening processes of Landau levels in a delta-doped 2D quantum well superlattice and a 1D quantum wire superlattice generated from the first one by controlled dislocation slips. We deduce first the origin of the broadening from the damping factor in the Shubnikov de Haas curves in various configurations of the magnetic field and the measured current for both kinds of superlattice. Then, we write a general formula for the resistivity in the Quantum Hall effect introducing a dephasing factor we link to the process of localization.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.dis-nn
we use both quantum hall and shubnikov de haas experiments at high magnetic field and low temperature to analyse broadening processes of landau levels in a deltadoped 2d quantum well superlattice and a 1d quantum wire superlattice generated from the first one by controlled dislocation slips we deduce first the origin of the broadening from the damping factor in the shubnikov de haas curves in various configurations of the magnetic field and the measured current for both kinds of superlattice then we write a general formula for the resistivity in the quantum hall effect introducing a dephasing factor we link to the process of localization
[['we', 'use', 'both', 'quantum', 'hall', 'and', 'shubnikov', 'de', 'haas', 'experiments', 'at', 'high', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'low', 'temperature', 'to', 'analyse', 'broadening', 'processes', 'of', 'landau', 'levels', 'in', 'a', 'deltadoped', '2d', 'quantum', 'well', 'superlattice', 'and', 'a', '1d', 'quantum', 'wire', 'superlattice', 'generated', 'from', 'the', 'first', 'one', 'by', 'controlled', 'dislocation', 'slips', 'we', 'deduce', 'first', 'the', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'broadening', 'from', 'the', 'damping', 'factor', 'in', 'the', 'shubnikov', 'de', 'haas', 'curves', 'in', 'various', 'configurations', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'the', 'measured', 'current', 'for', 'both', 'kinds', 'of', 'superlattice', 'then', 'we', 'write', 'a', 'general', 'formula', 'for', 'the', 'resistivity', 'in', 'the', 'quantum', 'hall', 'effect', 'introducing', 'a', 'dephasing', 'factor', 'we', 'link', 'to', 'the', 'process', 'of', 'localization']]
[-0.19929917954085838, 0.2198770711819331, -0.05434745567673374, 0.03048117171726647, -0.009084475956236323, -0.1232595166014064, 0.06367745341821796, 0.32999517438999776, -0.27109092497045084, -0.3005525922934924, -0.005806576395739935, -0.25448244125360536, -0.16366902558753887, 0.24042736534472733, -0.006442156717890785, 0.06238640955250178, -0.04660661349937852, -0.048404768832205305, -0.06897723763471558, -0.2170651415806441, 0.31866173572128725, 0.0542963916258443, 0.32826613404211546, 0.06137456701447566, 0.08282001578204688, 0.03229467435074704, 0.07127602360255661, 0.04755537940987519, -0.17963277045637369, -0.006200525430696351, 0.22644633820191734, -0.09771785857599406, 0.16651635656044597, -0.4541431012075572, -0.18969439188284534, -0.019963968669374783, 0.10661369924256135, 0.22629580281320072, -0.047804283369831474, -0.33177311427536466, 0.04169159132455077, -0.1374413370021752, -0.09650567584183245, -0.06491056780020396, -0.023194096146506214, -0.0645358870249419, -0.22021015384012743, 0.11931231123661357, 0.05641012931176062, 0.13609304062667346, -0.09482851956660548, -0.07997512196390225, -0.009951386748192211, 0.09216042589396238, 0.007183855361515833, 0.009890841240329401, 0.1549385142290876, -0.14287494184183222, -0.19237640511599324, 0.3431818348865601, -0.1157088410331025, -0.1068685416974837, 0.12423296264771905, -0.24349497578417262, -0.07949432414912042, 0.12398808481881306, 0.12541536038209286, 0.05416733705039535, -0.07188472840934992, 0.10651017141866587, 0.04368434618448927, 0.11109790619285334, 0.1238702433361184, 0.052988212882164154, 0.23296247382337848, 0.13137550899381972, 0.0021407493877978554, 0.12460037325786072, -0.168900424154431, -0.030068777415103148, -0.2646290770510123, -0.21379635424042742, -0.2055553942697034, 0.12103136055215838, -0.06997674509960537, -0.2357576023920306, 0.42731104903366596, 0.15974578240088055, 0.20370545660456021, -0.03280035638738246, 0.2677995934018067, 0.17533274220214004, 0.03938757485621387, 0.03927851038142329, 0.18124336348597092, 0.21361436549618484, 0.15575982416492132, -0.32293961096466295, -0.019407999143004416, 0.004039961197191761]
708.1675
Major Indices and Perfect Bases for Complex Reflection Groups
It is shown that, under mild conditions, a complex reflection group $G(r,p,n)$ may be decomposed into a set-wise direct product of cyclic subgroups. This property is then used to extend the notion of major index and a corresponding Hilbert series identity to these and other closely related groups.
math.CO math.GR
it is shown that under mild conditions a complex reflection group grpn may be decomposed into a setwise direct product of cyclic subgroups this property is then used to extend the notion of major index and a corresponding hilbert series identity to these and other closely related groups
[['it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'under', 'mild', 'conditions', 'a', 'complex', 'reflection', 'group', 'grpn', 'may', 'be', 'decomposed', 'into', 'a', 'setwise', 'direct', 'product', 'of', 'cyclic', 'subgroups', 'this', 'property', 'is', 'then', 'used', 'to', 'extend', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'major', 'index', 'and', 'a', 'corresponding', 'hilbert', 'series', 'identity', 'to', 'these', 'and', 'other', 'closely', 'related', 'groups']]
[-0.13727096138124276, 0.10168670070076284, -0.16218000512859967, 0.05767993445867129, -0.12091021921272234, -0.12908122600250257, -0.022736092214472592, 0.39797212881967425, -0.3905590889820208, -0.19900930329458788, 0.1686846210116831, -0.17436690046451986, -0.16549303876430108, 0.2169099022479107, -0.14507980805744106, -0.018093115601611014, 0.05349375347335202, 0.1020674636917344, -0.07430038829625119, -0.2521336119583187, 0.3740334507698814, -0.009489246430651596, 0.2934561272462209, 0.0352867498525787, 0.06509741973907997, 0.0006102606324323764, -0.06235750076666591, 0.03791555629383462, -0.0862867516057122, 0.09898275446418363, 0.2723223097467174, 0.10691100887682599, 0.23372723940216625, -0.3838823937500517, -0.16438720020232722, 0.1835049725098846, 0.1097673099708724, -0.05585605226224288, -0.02293508038079987, -0.294111729793561, 0.12958853635548925, -0.19584423183308294, -0.14176379569107667, -0.06165521983833363, 0.02481031142330418, -0.0382150150447463, -0.2848870898208891, 0.02590913389576599, 0.0703055822038247, 0.016817784189091373, -0.04187445199931972, -0.08575690390231709, -0.055125099815389454, 0.13517429139271067, 0.0632067321081801, -0.021092815567196038, 0.0929417570635754, -0.011794813258651024, -0.08580354839068605, 0.4368384557310492, -0.02922054824375664, -0.21812479219321781, 0.21735605594100585, -0.1439716879200811, -0.1977952366384367, 0.12597157072741538, 0.09371681150514632, 0.09887156639403354, -0.11179306482275327, 0.06846914001653204, -0.1272217973213022, 0.12571834365371615, 0.07478565672257294, 0.00150444697161826, 0.11717245339726408, 0.018772539469258238, 0.11636094915835808, 0.17025068863949855, 0.07222585804993287, -0.014891913315902153, -0.3027838719038603, -0.21788586258965856, -0.08962913341626215, 0.10180987421578418, -0.08463264503734536, -0.16385129709851753, 0.41410512061944854, 0.0598613631761206, 0.17229450858333925, 0.027257306200529758, 0.2196937642681102, 0.13064178467417756, 0.13354532199446112, 0.016501488726741325, 0.08897681154000263, 0.2361039447132498, -0.07346966773426782, -0.1469390523949793, 0.038831714928771056, 0.1401758431845034]
708.1676
Curve crossing for random walks reflected at their maximum
Let $R_n=\max_{0\leq j\leq n}S_j-S_n$ be a random walk $S_n$ reflected in its maximum. Except in the trivial case when $P(X\ge0)=1$, $R_n$ will pass over a horizontal boundary of any height in a finite time, with probability 1. We extend this by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for finiteness of passage times of $R_n$ above certain curved (power law) boundaries, as well. The intuition that a degree of heaviness of the negative tail of the distribution of the increments of $S_n$ is necessary for passage of $R_n$ above a high level is correct in most, but not all, cases, as we show. Conditions are also given for the finiteness of the expected passage time of $R_n$ above linear and square root boundaries.
math.PR
let r_nmax_0leq jleq ns_js_n be a random walk s_n reflected in its maximum except in the trivial case when pxge01 r_n will pass over a horizontal boundary of any height in a finite time with probability 1 we extend this by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for finiteness of passage times of r_n above certain curved power law boundaries as well the intuition that a degree of heaviness of the negative tail of the distribution of the increments of s_n is necessary for passage of r_n above a high level is correct in most but not all cases as we show conditions are also given for the finiteness of the expected passage time of r_n above linear and square root boundaries
[['let', 'r_nmax_0leq', 'jleq', 'ns_js_n', 'be', 'a', 'random', 'walk', 's_n', 'reflected', 'in', 'its', 'maximum', 'except', 'in', 'the', 'trivial', 'case', 'when', 'pxge01', 'r_n', 'will', 'pass', 'over', 'a', 'horizontal', 'boundary', 'of', 'any', 'height', 'in', 'a', 'finite', 'time', 'with', 'probability', '1', 'we', 'extend', 'this', 'by', 'giving', 'necessary', 'and', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'for', 'finiteness', 'of', 'passage', 'times', 'of', 'r_n', 'above', 'certain', 'curved', 'power', 'law', 'boundaries', 'as', 'well', 'the', 'intuition', 'that', 'a', 'degree', 'of', 'heaviness', 'of', 'the', 'negative', 'tail', 'of', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'increments', 'of', 's_n', 'is', 'necessary', 'for', 'passage', 'of', 'r_n', 'above', 'a', 'high', 'level', 'is', 'correct', 'in', 'most', 'but', 'not', 'all', 'cases', 'as', 'we', 'show', 'conditions', 'are', 'also', 'given', 'for', 'the', 'finiteness', 'of', 'the', 'expected', 'passage', 'time', 'of', 'r_n', 'above', 'linear', 'and', 'square', 'root', 'boundaries']]
[-0.15163688614009485, 0.185834043927617, -0.08243939578848875, 0.05288704028609603, -0.013742703289361828, -0.12913727492757016, 0.046913897003031384, 0.36148022857131595, -0.2618104174458895, -0.22928145290273477, 0.146728304360788, -0.2494670778544525, -0.10048265185333409, 0.16907512160586352, -0.09326670327523755, 0.033731092008766006, 0.004283608560908144, 0.15033278494315633, -0.061005706154993906, -0.2678634573910701, 0.2731129537194462, 0.0315356141003638, 0.20381849507951194, 0.07594581469459365, 0.09930953913036797, 0.0038084595787765112, 0.024972719150216524, 0.004364738782573175, -0.1609473225687876, 0.03261282456786198, 0.21109804852670294, 0.09870245655746025, 0.2717766034440532, -0.3828928744799252, -0.1487908472634568, 0.1574127912280639, 0.14238262165365426, 0.025130656839869286, 0.01151848150322498, -0.23534236842237602, 0.14977554259604728, -0.11372052048891881, -0.18792556254272114, 0.032751045316078906, 0.07685724177034729, 0.0809212831101554, -0.2903083837078095, 0.09922711867853896, 0.140415475404845, 0.07326123732442068, -0.01740480831654553, -0.1271779362577945, -0.030425695128249542, 0.1501707939731482, 0.018740507864819494, -0.01502537970718241, 0.08179122677972635, -0.1322113515442174, -0.06475864281341182, 0.3766569382968848, -0.059597532414847006, -0.16456285887792454, 0.11979685985814717, -0.25825904557970747, -0.11928956580182569, 0.1300989216967028, 0.12305217074482876, 0.1412914001407675, -0.08854554919390327, 0.11332786900397801, -0.06311627016580364, 0.11445944304814783, 0.12506383661796355, -0.01042861582206215, 0.16800252903525134, 0.09520221287897646, 0.1757115199520663, 0.14004152208089166, -0.07581872598591687, -0.06058291824124122, -0.42251568701970627, -0.15613324587407001, -0.21554540437192388, 0.12190770092077446, -0.1459281363450997, -0.1821734436582458, 0.3810776993948019, 0.1278727410866295, 0.2562130531735158, 0.14629575810829273, 0.2219671145933917, 0.17113950713172602, 0.021894160299009438, 0.07286688438774544, 0.12213659944344249, 0.17368381779041078, 0.013256795920423722, -0.13867029723695526, 0.09611761662319808, 0.0625921716929366]
708.1677
Possible connections between whiskered categories and groupoids, many object Leibniz algebras, automorphism structures and local-to-global questions
We define the notion of whiskered categories and groupoids, showing that whiskered groupoids have a commutator theory. So also do whiskered $R$-categories, thus answering questions of what might be `commutative versions' of these theories. We relate these ideas to the theory of Leibniz algebras, but the commutator theory here does not satisfy the Leibniz identity. We also discuss potential applications and extensions, for example to resolutions of monoids.
math.CT math.DG
we define the notion of whiskered categories and groupoids showing that whiskered groupoids have a commutator theory so also do whiskered rcategories thus answering questions of what might be commutative versions of these theories we relate these ideas to the theory of leibniz algebras but the commutator theory here does not satisfy the leibniz identity we also discuss potential applications and extensions for example to resolutions of monoids
[['we', 'define', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'whiskered', 'categories', 'and', 'groupoids', 'showing', 'that', 'whiskered', 'groupoids', 'have', 'a', 'commutator', 'theory', 'so', 'also', 'do', 'whiskered', 'rcategories', 'thus', 'answering', 'questions', 'of', 'what', 'might', 'be', 'commutative', 'versions', 'of', 'these', 'theories', 'we', 'relate', 'these', 'ideas', 'to', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'leibniz', 'algebras', 'but', 'the', 'commutator', 'theory', 'here', 'does', 'not', 'satisfy', 'the', 'leibniz', 'identity', 'we', 'also', 'discuss', 'potential', 'applications', 'and', 'extensions', 'for', 'example', 'to', 'resolutions', 'of', 'monoids']]
[-0.11936108241511036, 0.0979724532451981, -0.10891330827361168, 0.19852961219652598, -0.15856143292873653, -0.16844494108096766, -0.00938125764916359, 0.4083468103920346, -0.3857145253290881, -0.21881270947963444, 0.12523889283774725, -0.2574616288905268, -0.19394701499658734, 0.1935765015868359, -0.21960219927827146, -0.06724627942903273, 0.05721019204087389, 0.09080978291137005, -0.1368981637512403, -0.269125247582682, 0.43915751962157995, 0.01520813069890128, 0.18589132771924582, 0.11477009337673437, 0.07272350476748908, -0.052997580076109115, -0.03940168209373951, 0.04509814201034049, -0.19387743184605782, 0.12246432708604123, 0.3113182102844341, 0.1069262840076169, 0.24100357408065404, -0.402503253641858, -0.12685637816842368, 0.16318842575628198, 0.1639468217113945, 0.047981924495534664, -0.004114911321606209, -0.275641713513812, 0.11783975442878401, -0.2358315957591994, -0.1387150485290965, -0.15119815820744678, 0.05078504316043109, 0.009719011478070447, -0.1500117882613593, -0.02053216877202295, 0.16310378624849134, 0.10460512448491445, -0.1056082279789748, -0.05892079393031882, -0.008710502455733828, 0.09723387417425193, -0.021920348677450595, -0.07163174812675023, 0.13465767918126798, -0.08477867248037191, -0.25023386470361875, 0.3649398255815257, 0.03272605569226973, -0.23322872666697672, 0.17367001026243306, -0.16826359288933784, -0.25193482098072323, -0.007551433073718156, 0.028402052305416384, 0.1425715602878759, -0.05609308091450983, 0.16029778165819206, -0.13563074089531132, 0.06493149733921486, 0.1162132325985316, 0.08998605214865572, 0.16846860490683743, 0.02838373150843293, 0.05701913788859079, 0.04478746683705153, 0.08936906220919605, -0.06558003577876335, -0.35429456335172727, -0.20419808082393745, -0.006191115485810077, 0.14691277637182032, -0.02958110775477114, -0.18952292413798286, 0.3638066499869325, 0.24603238507215655, 0.1105462045394885, 0.16104398594835578, 0.16963283129300533, 0.07113206040447773, 0.15616874546924633, 0.030652209032160132, 0.15533905284159552, 0.2817430849562385, 0.03367180431456263, -0.06292815676042393, -0.09335266054371621, 0.22943019137175671]
708.1678
Theory about Atlas morphology (Saturn moon)
On June 12, 2007 the Cassini probe sent the images of a small moon of Saturn called Atlas which is located between the ring A and the small ring R/2004 S 1. These images have shown that the Atlas morphology is very different from other moons of similar dimensions. In the present article we propose a reasonable theory, to that we denominated "flying dune", that explains its morphologic characteristics from its magnitudes like mass, diameters and orbital radius, as well as its orbital position and the interpretation of the images caught by the Cassini probe.
astro-ph
on june 12 2007 the cassini probe sent the images of a small moon of saturn called atlas which is located between the ring a and the small ring r2004 s 1 these images have shown that the atlas morphology is very different from other moons of similar dimensions in the present article we propose a reasonable theory to that we denominated flying dune that explains its morphologic characteristics from its magnitudes like mass diameters and orbital radius as well as its orbital position and the interpretation of the images caught by the cassini probe
[['on', 'june', '12', '2007', 'the', 'cassini', 'probe', 'sent', 'the', 'images', 'of', 'a', 'small', 'moon', 'of', 'saturn', 'called', 'atlas', 'which', 'is', 'located', 'between', 'the', 'ring', 'a', 'and', 'the', 'small', 'ring', 'r2004', 's', '1', 'these', 'images', 'have', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'atlas', 'morphology', 'is', 'very', 'different', 'from', 'other', 'moons', 'of', 'similar', 'dimensions', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'article', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'reasonable', 'theory', 'to', 'that', 'we', 'denominated', 'flying', 'dune', 'that', 'explains', 'its', 'morphologic', 'characteristics', 'from', 'its', 'magnitudes', 'like', 'mass', 'diameters', 'and', 'orbital', 'radius', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'its', 'orbital', 'position', 'and', 'the', 'interpretation', 'of', 'the', 'images', 'caught', 'by', 'the', 'cassini', 'probe']]
[-0.10608852851734635, 0.11720607158272191, -0.1182466554678382, 0.06373020742296617, -0.04253807374613082, -0.10501502234330203, -0.0349424673786803, 0.3383023527827352, -0.2390711911052386, -0.36118549346289736, 0.11775168631132321, -0.2672772889937017, -0.13901063684928924, 0.19031722117908934, -0.11338460825859233, -0.016700520858842324, 0.08979817828661366, 0.010062658654010676, -0.052138959972851694, -0.21421524594745975, 0.23865928002038694, 0.10009894116801467, 0.1616975395281383, 0.005641480670013326, 0.11685844457292176, -0.02384761614883517, -0.020214538991530525, 0.008650481473020416, -0.15648362279163383, 0.10233930848598322, 0.1848808039732753, 0.1327866413036084, 0.17215430610714125, -0.4270132043735778, -0.11982362837273072, 0.04217108018062216, 0.10680383608795385, 0.032379877301517555, -0.04746072391231366, -0.32534406232607965, 0.055780762330965794, -0.20474711047148608, -0.17542446665763062, 0.011308807314948198, 0.10806270034741015, 0.016130997819152285, -0.19817675284526132, 0.03997269408044187, 0.02396283838823636, 0.10185326731942118, -0.09067543647425408, -0.13175101110592802, -0.0917217570153917, 0.1511646459929328, 0.04033908562145216, 0.04452732569250734, 0.14741807999188436, -0.09086025357642706, -0.06378541280208354, 0.364935345075866, -0.03864537286473081, -0.07504720403317441, 0.2531527147152798, -0.22896675290440785, -0.05739825899574034, 0.13262231925383527, 0.14929071029132984, 0.11191721760142753, -0.12630664506689349, 0.07545061654998286, -0.10660977861125696, 0.18371975873696042, 0.13497319001149624, 0.061159369263282796, 0.29627060373016495, 0.13518494656903945, 0.03998040633605535, 0.08896917552610444, -0.24832343338602322, -0.02953859245246078, -0.2627721476527129, -0.10396617058010653, -0.20143137271813255, 0.02195753260426461, -0.050436372397637166, -0.09203362261890087, 0.399996519187822, 0.1524847648998207, 0.27841125179993664, -0.011947151301973599, 0.30646061881425535, -9.057691390130748e-05, 0.11069858014308649, 0.039517336098992446, 0.291181693170616, 0.08076721534103234, 0.14943018825625645, -0.20900648850650388, 0.0415458960973836, 0.04433434422343395]
708.1679
Assisted Inflation from Geometric Tachyon
We study the effect of rolling of N D3-branes in the vicinity of NS5-branes. We find out that this system coupled with the four dimensional gravity gives the slow roll assisted inflation of the scalar field theory. Once again this expectation is exactly similar to that of N-tachyon assisted inflation on unstable D-branes.
hep-th
we study the effect of rolling of n d3branes in the vicinity of ns5branes we find out that this system coupled with the four dimensional gravity gives the slow roll assisted inflation of the scalar field theory once again this expectation is exactly similar to that of ntachyon assisted inflation on unstable dbranes
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'rolling', 'of', 'n', 'd3branes', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'ns5branes', 'we', 'find', 'out', 'that', 'this', 'system', 'coupled', 'with', 'the', 'four', 'dimensional', 'gravity', 'gives', 'the', 'slow', 'roll', 'assisted', 'inflation', 'of', 'the', 'scalar', 'field', 'theory', 'once', 'again', 'this', 'expectation', 'is', 'exactly', 'similar', 'to', 'that', 'of', 'ntachyon', 'assisted', 'inflation', 'on', 'unstable', 'dbranes']]
[-0.21856501278503296, 0.2081832571241718, -0.12008020778795561, 0.046096169718881495, -0.02389495787792839, -0.20085696424715793, -0.005903138593286992, 0.2544972865233341, -0.19505747133874907, -0.24648886899320552, 0.0706549046377544, -0.22793301116102016, -0.17667995551332402, 0.13370159909558985, -0.055231422382908374, -0.023202288197353482, 0.022366062129059665, 0.07456132641975553, -0.00811336343534864, -0.3183949989481614, 0.35685116562616226, 0.062211472541093826, 0.2488259975440227, -0.033854420941609606, 0.09717244948618688, -0.008619033512122069, 0.06324218256542316, 0.024210419126925096, -0.15509776782850027, 0.08098942518699914, 0.13103978702117905, 0.04958147363056643, 0.19692454082318223, -0.47077835999572504, -0.21025348123377904, 0.12352003475042203, 0.18213489289896992, 0.18169782682357785, -0.017808509968745057, -0.24347719741770282, 0.051094169406077035, -0.10166556154413578, -0.15370987851817447, -0.035841501040312536, 0.0039252569258678705, -0.1045532599136305, -0.25794471936443675, 0.058908389702152744, -0.004335711889255505, 0.0387153341076695, -0.03262531576463236, -0.013843810407426925, -0.08344489737198903, 0.044102673362851, 0.16217569624915576, 0.05597966952728502, 0.16554468488678908, -0.16486242933094147, -0.06745437276773512, 0.31980767695663065, -0.1512340585871313, -0.1444257256360008, 0.1462315760884219, -0.17513674230744633, -0.13998871479326716, 0.1084398348735144, 0.11351622479896133, 0.18147682026028633, -0.09821518575056241, 0.17994948819978163, 0.008346502704975696, 0.11251055591408378, 0.10816451625970121, 0.0001644807724425426, 0.3217264468280169, 0.1408682707338952, 0.03720835614233063, 0.20461047412111208, -0.06621776954181349, -0.19506978766562846, -0.40727482141497046, -0.13234584040877123, -0.08615085942885624, 0.1324474824628291, -0.13854175977982008, -0.1928864317641665, 0.37547839923690146, 0.15942335698211815, 0.18935836783538645, 0.013191680513465634, 0.2505475662362117, 0.10010326014330181, 0.03817670858608416, 0.059805724259394295, 0.3328499877288078, 0.12174930222905599, 0.11672957093329527, -0.2867479643587453, -0.1420150677798889, 0.09460609818163973]
708.168
An exactly solvable model of reversible adsorption on a disordered substrate
We consider the reversible adsorption of dimers on a regular lattice, where adsorption occurs on a finite fraction of sites selected randomly. By comparing this system to the pure system where all sites are available for adsorption, we show that when the activity goes to infinity, there exists a mapping between this model and the pure system at the same density. By examining the susceptibilities, we demonstrate that there is no mapping at finite activity. However, when the site density is small or moderate, this mapping exists up to second order in site density. We also propose and evaluate approximate approaches that may be applied to systems where no analytic result is known.
cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft
we consider the reversible adsorption of dimers on a regular lattice where adsorption occurs on a finite fraction of sites selected randomly by comparing this system to the pure system where all sites are available for adsorption we show that when the activity goes to infinity there exists a mapping between this model and the pure system at the same density by examining the susceptibilities we demonstrate that there is no mapping at finite activity however when the site density is small or moderate this mapping exists up to second order in site density we also propose and evaluate approximate approaches that may be applied to systems where no analytic result is known
[['we', 'consider', 'the', 'reversible', 'adsorption', 'of', 'dimers', 'on', 'a', 'regular', 'lattice', 'where', 'adsorption', 'occurs', 'on', 'a', 'finite', 'fraction', 'of', 'sites', 'selected', 'randomly', 'by', 'comparing', 'this', 'system', 'to', 'the', 'pure', 'system', 'where', 'all', 'sites', 'are', 'available', 'for', 'adsorption', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'when', 'the', 'activity', 'goes', 'to', 'infinity', 'there', 'exists', 'a', 'mapping', 'between', 'this', 'model', 'and', 'the', 'pure', 'system', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'density', 'by', 'examining', 'the', 'susceptibilities', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'mapping', 'at', 'finite', 'activity', 'however', 'when', 'the', 'site', 'density', 'is', 'small', 'or', 'moderate', 'this', 'mapping', 'exists', 'up', 'to', 'second', 'order', 'in', 'site', 'density', 'we', 'also', 'propose', 'and', 'evaluate', 'approximate', 'approaches', 'that', 'may', 'be', 'applied', 'to', 'systems', 'where', 'no', 'analytic', 'result', 'is', 'known']]
[-0.1129866650295073, 0.1428554908957629, -0.012893443259583639, 0.04621613385007445, 0.029583007839005606, -0.1513120390565456, 0.11082047131942767, 0.4095037111814703, -0.2458132784071881, -0.24924802147181688, 0.10150244065037047, -0.3252383913284382, -0.13772161192244198, 0.13335103551090688, 0.02006311533329761, -0.033945353512149466, 0.03816181404796322, 0.06642462234260037, -0.07071862644433513, -0.24202190690871692, 0.3123616147456707, 0.028701589994989667, 0.27630600030740016, 0.0804694535713478, 0.1038139180297782, -0.002671445635419372, 0.04030685769332227, 0.05702835250546975, -0.1443814984305769, 0.07152232588902405, 0.243453464421353, 0.07727394487082431, 0.2570293430420282, -0.41915405979297593, -0.20354571101560662, 0.1345634885818442, 0.11464637889839972, 0.15180362367887149, -0.06561714334751323, -0.20965028539365899, 0.11126003584379446, -0.14036383457580762, -0.09126706136621338, -0.05658768229928296, 0.052413867444492286, 0.045183086284617605, -0.2785811713377459, 0.059459382929556916, 0.03222960222149845, 0.07331219673222672, -0.06461819497439845, -0.08219378234394126, -0.05412605905130637, 0.1517675955768518, 0.04956617029548614, 0.06636731403949876, 0.12456583718777495, -0.08233972953623975, -0.06155028845290694, 0.4069377946918748, -0.0807195798425927, -0.18020873490475794, 0.2560594450328005, -0.1918045020274884, -0.14922028184514, 0.1292453602974229, 0.13922930563247837, 0.12235012277136598, -0.11438619519045073, 0.09546739181639644, -0.05603239958409418, 0.21915978626389288, 0.048415165200862476, -0.05967173569390666, 0.186924571327997, 0.15658880694381958, 0.1214181744139147, 0.17778500935075128, -0.07988543750767686, -0.09766230154040773, -0.28113150186177377, -0.13879695448991472, -0.2274877470928302, 0.04862286640017961, -0.05423482943020258, -0.1625054639813581, 0.33507558264959175, 0.15331675767985098, 0.20849736999159893, 0.04244152688734497, 0.24583516793070048, 0.1441311364018861, 0.0622416613458664, 0.08265016642522759, 0.18871947842757258, 0.055611426245618975, 0.030893786026337966, -0.21044326510998437, 0.07568121451134505, 0.04223207998155427]
708.1681
Spin valve effect by ballistic transport in ferromagnetic metal (MnAs) / semiconductor (GaAs) hybrid heterostructures
We demonstrate the spin valve effect by ballistic transport in fully epitaxial MnAs ferromagnetic metal / GaAs semiconductor / GaAs:MnAs granular hybrid heterostructures. The GaAs:MnAs material contains ferromagnetic MnAs nanoparticles in a GaAs matrix, and acts as a spin injector and a spin detector. Although the barrier height of the GaAs/MnAs interface was found to be very small, relatively large magnetoresistance was observed. This result shows that by using ballistic transport, we can realize a large spin valve effect without inserting a high tunnel barrier at the ferromagnetic metal / semiconductor interface.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
we demonstrate the spin valve effect by ballistic transport in fully epitaxial mnas ferromagnetic metal gaas semiconductor gaasmnas granular hybrid heterostructures the gaasmnas material contains ferromagnetic mnas nanoparticles in a gaas matrix and acts as a spin injector and a spin detector although the barrier height of the gaasmnas interface was found to be very small relatively large magnetoresistance was observed this result shows that by using ballistic transport we can realize a large spin valve effect without inserting a high tunnel barrier at the ferromagnetic metal semiconductor interface
[['we', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'spin', 'valve', 'effect', 'by', 'ballistic', 'transport', 'in', 'fully', 'epitaxial', 'mnas', 'ferromagnetic', 'metal', 'gaas', 'semiconductor', 'gaasmnas', 'granular', 'hybrid', 'heterostructures', 'the', 'gaasmnas', 'material', 'contains', 'ferromagnetic', 'mnas', 'nanoparticles', 'in', 'a', 'gaas', 'matrix', 'and', 'acts', 'as', 'a', 'spin', 'injector', 'and', 'a', 'spin', 'detector', 'although', 'the', 'barrier', 'height', 'of', 'the', 'gaasmnas', 'interface', 'was', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'very', 'small', 'relatively', 'large', 'magnetoresistance', 'was', 'observed', 'this', 'result', 'shows', 'that', 'by', 'using', 'ballistic', 'transport', 'we', 'can', 'realize', 'a', 'large', 'spin', 'valve', 'effect', 'without', 'inserting', 'a', 'high', 'tunnel', 'barrier', 'at', 'the', 'ferromagnetic', 'metal', 'semiconductor', 'interface']]
[-0.19817440392805286, 0.22458448396208225, -0.01596597045806519, -0.015738064048777783, -0.04215807532577702, -0.23731805609664722, 0.015976267343575365, 0.43248854979370416, -0.25060600523700877, -0.33455966823221595, -0.025753844034952227, -0.3132730449413818, -0.1020406157280622, 0.2443948314561812, 0.05432923072216551, 0.02120371173094079, -0.004212855340473437, -0.16349787627127063, -0.09333376247786362, -0.13545375836625947, 0.21753359876907943, -0.007156220871662156, 0.32342060722326965, 0.13827936997469725, 0.11008941421934058, -0.010321309397604023, 0.2419685691783435, 0.04029632304282336, -0.13559511115323566, -0.029351089147097442, 0.27332676641297726, -0.28764233189854727, 0.18605305790035265, -0.5205454452988807, -0.17999442856172831, -0.07592211034295432, 0.13725613406336123, 0.20586376183069824, -0.1810404471111264, -0.2685740503241842, 0.0904017301339112, -0.20963931830830118, -0.06334040631027368, 0.023090608373514555, -0.07113819202575623, -0.041302050694069836, -0.23496670539626915, 0.06672033734012688, 0.1038722037076113, 0.07337188325806657, 0.0025111480427675702, -0.11644450574590082, -0.11688080321725332, 0.015901067414519826, -0.02569847284512741, 0.04428386558082708, 0.28024960664006765, -0.057998456914707744, -0.12805790770171063, 0.283702365175057, -0.08857155402892092, -0.10264169319082847, 0.1346622028838048, -0.2479806292299809, 0.05875329595854443, 0.15179571094975042, 0.1226069416139233, 0.10665859290388192, -0.215682088282336, 0.08433100724922431, -0.007847041979934393, 0.1831433175529322, 0.04931464727465691, 0.029884196574252956, 0.2794804994561029, 0.3141749351458059, 0.019600236887802904, 0.1813380037044604, -0.1958903142910325, 0.010443316505740532, -0.1292888770989153, -0.2567373774631807, -0.28927262673897436, 0.13903897565402343, -0.07117084580116508, -0.24322370887639816, 0.37676729927404545, 0.12665258036675245, 0.1370263039605336, -0.09178676783483936, 0.2561369352147318, 0.06080728640460692, 0.14547056778009687, -0.003223052028608456, 0.23704972787854378, 0.20645332789006696, 0.16031991659004366, -0.2698776561732854, 0.1751820077816171, -0.04954969705072012]
708.1682
Growth dynamics of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes from in situ measurements
An in situ optical absorbance measurement was used to study the growth dynamics of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (VA-SWCNTs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of ethanol. The growth rate of the VA-SWCNT film was found to decay exponentially from an initial maximum, resulting in an effective growth time of approximately 15 minutes. Investigation of various growth conditions revealed an optimum pressure at which growth is maximized, and this pressure depends on the growth temperature. Below this optimum pressure the synthesis reaction is first-order, and the rate-limiting step is the arrival of ethanol at the catalyst. We also present a novel method for determining the burning temperature of low-mass materials, which combines the in situ absorbance measurement with controlled oxidation.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
an in situ optical absorbance measurement was used to study the growth dynamics of vertically aligned singlewalled carbon nanotubes vaswcnts synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of ethanol the growth rate of the vaswcnt film was found to decay exponentially from an initial maximum resulting in an effective growth time of approximately 15 minutes investigation of various growth conditions revealed an optimum pressure at which growth is maximized and this pressure depends on the growth temperature below this optimum pressure the synthesis reaction is firstorder and the ratelimiting step is the arrival of ethanol at the catalyst we also present a novel method for determining the burning temperature of lowmass materials which combines the in situ absorbance measurement with controlled oxidation
[['an', 'in', 'situ', 'optical', 'absorbance', 'measurement', 'was', 'used', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'growth', 'dynamics', 'of', 'vertically', 'aligned', 'singlewalled', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'vaswcnts', 'synthesized', 'by', 'chemical', 'vapor', 'deposition', 'of', 'ethanol', 'the', 'growth', 'rate', 'of', 'the', 'vaswcnt', 'film', 'was', 'found', 'to', 'decay', 'exponentially', 'from', 'an', 'initial', 'maximum', 'resulting', 'in', 'an', 'effective', 'growth', 'time', 'of', 'approximately', '15', 'minutes', 'investigation', 'of', 'various', 'growth', 'conditions', 'revealed', 'an', 'optimum', 'pressure', 'at', 'which', 'growth', 'is', 'maximized', 'and', 'this', 'pressure', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'growth', 'temperature', 'below', 'this', 'optimum', 'pressure', 'the', 'synthesis', 'reaction', 'is', 'firstorder', 'and', 'the', 'ratelimiting', 'step', 'is', 'the', 'arrival', 'of', 'ethanol', 'at', 'the', 'catalyst', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'a', 'novel', 'method', 'for', 'determining', 'the', 'burning', 'temperature', 'of', 'lowmass', 'materials', 'which', 'combines', 'the', 'in', 'situ', 'absorbance', 'measurement', 'with', 'controlled', 'oxidation']]
[-0.0798780494788859, 0.19628263425557496, -0.06268009306370652, -0.08409069515113576, 0.04132016390064826, -0.079364390676778, 0.05923949177889943, 0.403909913572025, -0.2939385012486729, -0.29399580925197927, 0.08770338645485087, -0.2544355579036272, -0.06973440135963324, 0.17119525496500654, -0.0025059095489145334, 0.06910602861257681, 0.01371575486414027, -0.04992551536504495, -0.05541968057563497, -0.24395827979038834, 0.24311620233012204, 0.13938662174583996, 0.349584321025759, 0.09608804876126854, 0.06882680980962212, -0.048547551233195145, 0.04843096348251832, -0.03869481848836955, -0.23066736623581688, 0.06988909997645829, 0.1954627528281535, 0.034878537303499754, 0.24612419289473633, -0.4374928678370128, -0.2279219855554402, 0.026075528506919646, 0.12696925229965156, 0.12708496046449863, -0.13757967906688356, -0.17531588997186745, 0.05936892975074381, -0.09667189201040162, -0.139760292959952, 0.020089801677139633, 0.019546298152309353, 0.005723640840634767, -0.29708606321996045, 0.09791135934420261, 0.0061608369085322115, 0.09499544526797608, -0.1448879539507828, -0.10778794613651048, -0.09867373872568073, 0.09399559952997429, 0.03737248737025627, 0.010642128040810842, 0.2813438047473398, -0.07155651533265867, -0.03557069964264914, 0.3536540373086424, -0.11171816536462155, -0.0434362761739452, 0.18049180033316803, -0.1624439585923367, -0.08283045985814878, 0.22920587325421304, 0.15622093554061317, 0.15796437853813108, -0.19568320896508076, -0.015939018824256135, 0.042269375838213046, 0.23541000709963678, 0.1585685909899362, -0.03783949178454103, 0.2000464810496512, 0.2807122272857607, 0.06635842423380936, 0.14800921707982356, -0.09560954899692876, -0.020094618272288877, -0.2044056416883812, -0.2223220944949189, -0.1759517719235145, 0.0904730879030806, -0.11179002012511897, -0.1747080539116415, 0.36787345333782545, 0.06880598703707111, 0.1625980471450267, -0.0026766682828981746, 0.26360619762888715, 0.12471931425744068, 0.06499545542341736, 0.016888064281004717, 0.27622860986581543, 0.15619127020058302, 0.1442943895393509, -0.30175919128558204, 0.1999939197035096, -0.007537408157693759]
708.1683
Prospects for GMRT to Observe Radio Waves from UHE Particles Interacting with the Moon
Ultra high energy (UHE) particles of cosmic origin impact the lunar regolith and produce radio signals through Askaryan effect, signals that can be detected by Earth based radio telescopes. We calculate the expected sensitivity for observation of such events at the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), both for UHE cosmic rays (CR) and UHE neutrino interactions. We find that for 30 days of observation time a significant number of detectable events is expected above $10^{20}$ eV for UHECR or neutrino fluxes close to the current limits. Null detection over a period of 30 days will lower the experimental bounds on UHE particle fluxes by magnitudes competitive to both present and future experiments at the very highest energies.
astro-ph gr-qc hep-ex hep-ph
ultra high energy uhe particles of cosmic origin impact the lunar regolith and produce radio signals through askaryan effect signals that can be detected by earth based radio telescopes we calculate the expected sensitivity for observation of such events at the giant metrewave radio telescope gmrt both for uhe cosmic rays cr and uhe neutrino interactions we find that for 30 days of observation time a significant number of detectable events is expected above 1020 ev for uhecr or neutrino fluxes close to the current limits null detection over a period of 30 days will lower the experimental bounds on uhe particle fluxes by magnitudes competitive to both present and future experiments at the very highest energies
[['ultra', 'high', 'energy', 'uhe', 'particles', 'of', 'cosmic', 'origin', 'impact', 'the', 'lunar', 'regolith', 'and', 'produce', 'radio', 'signals', 'through', 'askaryan', 'effect', 'signals', 'that', 'can', 'be', 'detected', 'by', 'earth', 'based', 'radio', 'telescopes', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'expected', 'sensitivity', 'for', 'observation', 'of', 'such', 'events', 'at', 'the', 'giant', 'metrewave', 'radio', 'telescope', 'gmrt', 'both', 'for', 'uhe', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'cr', 'and', 'uhe', 'neutrino', 'interactions', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'for', '30', 'days', 'of', 'observation', 'time', 'a', 'significant', 'number', 'of', 'detectable', 'events', 'is', 'expected', 'above', '1020', 'ev', 'for', 'uhecr', 'or', 'neutrino', 'fluxes', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'current', 'limits', 'null', 'detection', 'over', 'a', 'period', 'of', '30', 'days', 'will', 'lower', 'the', 'experimental', 'bounds', 'on', 'uhe', 'particle', 'fluxes', 'by', 'magnitudes', 'competitive', 'to', 'both', 'present', 'and', 'future', 'experiments', 'at', 'the', 'very', 'highest', 'energies']]
[-0.11378913300716852, 0.28414882379424816, -0.011572704943489984, 0.18040579268171525, -0.09912910080379528, -0.022480059279781632, 0.06760234428414454, 0.40759585215113103, -0.1499785547857133, -0.40828449956069773, 0.057671824519912526, -0.36286357602375185, -0.02161327013387703, 0.2666906002047273, 0.08208973669152483, -0.05175862546500742, 0.14834473963476655, -0.054050993031034104, -0.008821912611333223, -0.20263206987426832, 0.1718420655781037, 0.27490340660795826, 0.2376227780030324, 0.10467558338716786, 0.1396776544960996, -0.10047752524200732, -0.060620258818231285, -0.08865971634021172, -0.07946404771176346, 0.02273824682427395, 0.2613412901345227, 0.139552040441503, 0.10539531786567889, -0.45901660484253853, -0.20595722202147937, 0.18103165475404862, 0.12240415126976804, -0.016994679243200354, -0.07956525690268534, -0.350608939368628, 0.10242911279111958, -0.18354651456077895, -0.15702574108687475, 0.09231057684295453, 0.0020618958032538747, 0.053072706485788025, -0.2257391223604353, 0.057453139822404735, -0.06598614927174316, 0.03297718417727285, -0.11890706868094002, -0.16349166924229416, 0.05355443941672038, 0.0425730318758382, 0.10689498476771654, -0.0063216707860239045, 0.18051710127430975, -0.11147618037449498, -0.13438022467825148, 0.3778338829198709, -0.13437308799714232, -0.0005142806002344841, 0.18283865975940394, -0.23994939911585206, -0.17657379002079496, 0.24132369762748226, 0.23050130574175945, 0.06412067177554226, -0.16724584804067755, 0.02110553462094126, 0.03847700333557068, 0.15051041998995993, 0.08133195393169537, 0.057125196123543456, 0.3533946921587245, 0.1690432001183876, 0.15706075781470755, -0.01169407228505414, -0.3228328695071017, 0.10292901578319506, -0.2573052746588046, -0.07038742695182848, -0.1995385094330861, 0.1336345653503369, -0.09569334020625708, -0.07230045396384871, 0.40063229725799626, 0.15481262535511509, 0.14850848137289605, 0.08219154584460342, 0.3207000419179089, 0.056407168006094605, 0.02504188035633196, 0.06910845899604197, 0.3844769997601835, 0.07388051790702674, 0.11619788200821346, -0.17607991230220366, 0.0567031240520569, -0.013225837148980707]
708.1684
Current-induced non-adiabatic spin torques and domain wall motion with spin relaxation in a ferromagnetic metallic wire
Within the s-d model description, we derive the current-driven spin torque in a ferromagnet, taking explicitly into account a spin-relaxing Caldeira-Leggett bath coupling to the s-electrons. We derive Bloch-Redfield equations of motion for the s-electron spin dynamics, and formulate a systematic gradient expansion to obtain non-adiabatic (higher-order) corrections to the well-known adiabatic (first-order) spin torque. We provide simple analytical expressions for the second-order spin torque. The theory is applied to current-driven domain wall motion. Second-order contributions imply a deformation of a transverse tail-to-tail domain wall. The wall center still moves with a constant velocity that now depends on the spin-polarized current in a non-trivial manner.
cond-mat.mes-hall
within the sd model description we derive the currentdriven spin torque in a ferromagnet taking explicitly into account a spinrelaxing caldeiraleggett bath coupling to the selectrons we derive blochredfield equations of motion for the selectron spin dynamics and formulate a systematic gradient expansion to obtain nonadiabatic higherorder corrections to the wellknown adiabatic firstorder spin torque we provide simple analytical expressions for the secondorder spin torque the theory is applied to currentdriven domain wall motion secondorder contributions imply a deformation of a transverse tailtotail domain wall the wall center still moves with a constant velocity that now depends on the spinpolarized current in a nontrivial manner
[['within', 'the', 'sd', 'model', 'description', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'currentdriven', 'spin', 'torque', 'in', 'a', 'ferromagnet', 'taking', 'explicitly', 'into', 'account', 'a', 'spinrelaxing', 'caldeiraleggett', 'bath', 'coupling', 'to', 'the', 'selectrons', 'we', 'derive', 'blochredfield', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'for', 'the', 'selectron', 'spin', 'dynamics', 'and', 'formulate', 'a', 'systematic', 'gradient', 'expansion', 'to', 'obtain', 'nonadiabatic', 'higherorder', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'wellknown', 'adiabatic', 'firstorder', 'spin', 'torque', 'we', 'provide', 'simple', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'secondorder', 'spin', 'torque', 'the', 'theory', 'is', 'applied', 'to', 'currentdriven', 'domain', 'wall', 'motion', 'secondorder', 'contributions', 'imply', 'a', 'deformation', 'of', 'a', 'transverse', 'tailtotail', 'domain', 'wall', 'the', 'wall', 'center', 'still', 'moves', 'with', 'a', 'constant', 'velocity', 'that', 'now', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'spinpolarized', 'current', 'in', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'manner']]
[-0.18102071819206078, 0.14319337247205632, -0.09869640022876584, 0.05246682490466074, -0.156630759774929, -0.11342640736007265, 0.037816107746524115, 0.35277445215199676, -0.2829508575644078, -0.22433979495295456, 0.022080499477063618, -0.21558335201726073, -0.06334364132822624, 0.18630915972670273, 0.028083446903509043, -0.010271498206115904, 0.013526908856251144, 0.005009011585276485, -0.0782639800038721, -0.10662081261121091, 0.20859070703985969, -0.05713592557059158, 0.2751424940835152, 0.09660141538119033, 0.1291289408912971, 0.01811085689391586, 0.0728956594761084, 0.0209757996989148, -0.20872931917942228, 0.04646536180516705, 0.17752036340978175, -0.08681395127925845, 0.1841905881606397, -0.49650220202193374, -0.19685333107121378, -0.003410093087170805, 0.1441744973262151, 0.24882479459934292, -0.043458580592691545, -0.28702591686021717, -0.0014209254866554624, -0.229452919975544, -0.14547868955082127, -0.1310087369222726, 0.04125154800269575, -0.0296260187491065, -0.28297882673020164, 0.1511872511534464, 0.12739561869807187, 0.009836490425680364, -0.0897573984449818, -0.08190661837302503, -0.03742800622823692, 0.08054019564851408, 0.053427355815213, 0.07838287014248116, 0.19875073511197808, -0.14183205042832664, -0.12876131886316997, 0.35935096569536695, -0.11416255170257673, -0.2812675781281931, 0.11071222783731563, -0.17659471759661322, -0.06894710006752229, 0.11259928492030927, 0.16426727507440816, 0.11810629104868331, -0.19479783845267126, 0.107480050166071, 0.04582454893250196, 0.13567750664050912, 0.03328981352748261, -0.0250586396482374, 0.25011781907329955, 0.15509549289764393, 0.05802680676182111, 0.15974950933651555, -0.10377296582973074, -0.1823604022928824, -0.30840878130402416, -0.1081293195308674, -0.1598633677964764, 0.08981780263462237, -0.08327416451634019, -0.17885767459159807, 0.39581958036869763, 0.1370712440372223, 0.1419254085359474, 0.0580728454648384, 0.3400527349185376, 0.19292012893905242, 0.0471547788297314, 0.08070378393555681, 0.27816862076343524, 0.20564568456084956, 0.10457181809913545, -0.34346920996904373, -0.0025465991525422957, 0.09422806534871814]
708.1685
Vector bundles on degenerations of elliptic curves and Yang-Baxter equations
In this paper we introduce the notion of a geometric associative r-matrix attached to a genus one fibration with a section and irreducible fibres. It allows us to study degenerations of solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation using the approach of Polishchuk. We also calculate certain solutions of the classical, quantum and associative Yang-Baxter equations obtained from moduli spaces of (semi-)stable vector bundles on Weierstrass cubic curves.
math.AG math.QA
in this paper we introduce the notion of a geometric associative rmatrix attached to a genus one fibration with a section and irreducible fibres it allows us to study degenerations of solutions of the classical yangbaxter equation using the approach of polishchuk we also calculate certain solutions of the classical quantum and associative yangbaxter equations obtained from moduli spaces of semistable vector bundles on weierstrass cubic curves
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'introduce', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'a', 'geometric', 'associative', 'rmatrix', 'attached', 'to', 'a', 'genus', 'one', 'fibration', 'with', 'a', 'section', 'and', 'irreducible', 'fibres', 'it', 'allows', 'us', 'to', 'study', 'degenerations', 'of', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'yangbaxter', 'equation', 'using', 'the', 'approach', 'of', 'polishchuk', 'we', 'also', 'calculate', 'certain', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'classical', 'quantum', 'and', 'associative', 'yangbaxter', 'equations', 'obtained', 'from', 'moduli', 'spaces', 'of', 'semistable', 'vector', 'bundles', 'on', 'weierstrass', 'cubic', 'curves']]
[-0.1682704487292499, 0.006098563820227925, -0.1522089302150616, 0.060884501338491576, -0.16101334950149948, -0.1800656194743047, -0.015163406620233027, 0.28749140980305954, -0.3724176537301113, -0.1658454388102044, 0.06855766990381891, -0.25908097892034443, -0.1962748592191223, 0.22555795756738578, -0.15137526114929967, 0.07056154185600245, 0.0852389733737974, 0.07937799734688962, -0.1418801325220448, -0.30424328344012264, 0.4740639192872305, -0.05218100075352826, 0.23286545642220707, -0.005084610354753017, 0.19095876700342146, 0.032897341096384536, 0.026221628425948655, -0.07748798887009051, -0.23057246516083382, 0.22441813343468664, 0.2843285360436108, 0.01467735120859831, 0.10086940329021482, -0.3970388383118074, -0.13815657858417105, 0.20384935185368827, 0.11245121228605953, 0.08368475606956922, 0.033902822929406676, -0.2512039621152095, 0.0427523715032348, -0.19184250627825064, -0.20546490051644617, -0.1118646705967944, 0.01344245010569914, 0.03586015820072325, -0.1594084748935733, -0.017790165212467565, 0.057334055137167224, 0.09940225464194569, -0.12629235748622095, -0.060082787884149086, -0.07483957069856462, -0.01460867056122689, -0.0182129315955481, 0.020516568909524316, 0.060763362176549526, -0.14233547793840295, -0.14363261565232455, 0.3568880805161907, -0.07649119333155564, -0.26375734931163825, 0.08808128172948734, -0.10459860130873468, -0.14683016957437148, 0.14350235948700513, 0.11185248892531911, 0.17562227858466778, -0.054130666652944553, 0.1892522204677755, -0.07429513383184129, 0.08384987294896325, 0.12485097676737984, -0.044206509102525104, 0.12504064244454477, 0.084524266838805, -0.009254763139161602, 0.16871596714516462, -0.0009584718335197488, -0.12494674232117693, -0.3735566890395399, -0.24347383218970317, -0.027401820311684217, 0.22507404676402237, -0.12149507624623644, -0.20692532304187874, 0.4434810315550708, 0.09497701956841872, 0.1919659863490222, 0.12104010692825402, 0.1872543318808746, 0.057371254092944204, 0.06458908257616768, 0.00397777216814792, 0.15688623422617787, 0.28176255191940425, 0.03502329745427219, -0.14133742414831893, -0.09440440697067265, 0.2703488819829341]
708.1686
On the exotic eikosiheptaplet
We use the chiral quark soliton model to estimate masses and widths of the two eikosiheptaplets (27-plets of SU(3) flavor) of spin 3/2 and 1/2 that emerge in the rigid rotator quantization. We use as input: hyperon decays, Theta+ mass and width. While 27_{3/2} has small widths (although much larger than the values allowed by the partial wave analysis), 27_{1/2} has large decay widths to antidecuplet. However exactly for this decay channels the widths are suppressed in the large N_{c} limit.
hep-ph
we use the chiral quark soliton model to estimate masses and widths of the two eikosiheptaplets 27plets of su3 flavor of spin 32 and 12 that emerge in the rigid rotator quantization we use as input hyperon decays theta mass and width while 27_32 has small widths although much larger than the values allowed by the partial wave analysis 27_12 has large decay widths to antidecuplet however exactly for this decay channels the widths are suppressed in the large n_c limit
[['we', 'use', 'the', 'chiral', 'quark', 'soliton', 'model', 'to', 'estimate', 'masses', 'and', 'widths', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'eikosiheptaplets', '27plets', 'of', 'su3', 'flavor', 'of', 'spin', '32', 'and', '12', 'that', 'emerge', 'in', 'the', 'rigid', 'rotator', 'quantization', 'we', 'use', 'as', 'input', 'hyperon', 'decays', 'theta', 'mass', 'and', 'width', 'while', '27_32', 'has', 'small', 'widths', 'although', 'much', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'values', 'allowed', 'by', 'the', 'partial', 'wave', 'analysis', '27_12', 'has', 'large', 'decay', 'widths', 'to', 'antidecuplet', 'however', 'exactly', 'for', 'this', 'decay', 'channels', 'the', 'widths', 'are', 'suppressed', 'in', 'the', 'large', 'n_c', 'limit']]
[-0.09144399410639054, 0.2726422850615703, 0.014944498230201693, 0.12711123399024543, -0.06773792192913018, -0.14836923964321613, 0.05511740905692419, 0.3717529901709312, -0.1666213321284606, -0.2679782265510697, 0.05006074112875817, -0.28519840901478744, 0.022291370711546056, 0.10332304790007094, 0.09152588049451318, 0.08536437024285522, 0.048758541277120225, 0.0376993656062927, -0.10920081096283422, -0.16585831625912434, 0.2944475491053592, -0.05557653091800136, 0.22153951102891603, 0.08700732587693402, -0.005284107373788571, -0.02107500658633235, 0.012721961722351037, -0.038936944773946054, -0.1691673323785392, 0.035527467309759975, 0.14545693201869606, 0.039439250488216296, 0.15991119941314444, -0.3480892690519492, -0.11868045803529616, 0.10930279208323321, 0.23954083026947978, 0.18006682018928516, 0.018695978579135276, -0.3152347995708577, 0.1257301028817892, -0.17329910873339918, -0.16016012599142507, -0.06168705362972851, 0.0807749666333294, -0.03958576141173044, -0.278589893060808, 0.10538976876220356, -0.020689686223004874, -0.002493854441966575, -0.015465412521734834, -0.23925137107905287, -0.06969511907738753, 0.0828107200556984, 0.15413506436370647, 0.03389118268536643, 0.1322406135045756, -0.16150580192259392, -0.07100725524987166, 0.4009617050775351, -0.10214812900570298, -0.20358090543894108, 0.11701032293076889, -0.20619652221480814, -0.1303112854858717, 0.21159275273720807, 0.1659622884419663, 0.07664419744665232, -0.09582561274799399, 0.06731993320938319, -0.06410154553398173, 0.2140369454670387, 0.10295292821665032, 0.11666410320247404, 0.20016167948667246, 0.15819497797220278, -0.010357222167583995, 0.06819166481876984, -0.13844370271246403, -0.11711013540536022, -0.29851384656742597, -0.07095013904528549, -0.10585576535101072, 0.09839810530311063, -0.07473828182507229, -0.10918188991789253, 0.3698473163784888, 0.10944893371719772, 0.2760995955158694, 0.09038581049595124, 0.27238267672081024, 0.1477083137985737, 0.14508686563632905, 0.0591492860037714, 0.3009924887566087, 0.2588621172725629, 0.0936197499678924, -0.2726475349896086, -0.025887191522484407, 0.03861153546947604]
708.1687
Confining Effective Theories Based on Instantons and Merons
An effective theory based on ensembles of either regular gauge instantons or merons is shown to produce confinement in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. When the scale is set by the string tension, the action density, topological susceptibility and low-lying glueball spectrum are similar to those arising in lattice QCD. The physical mechanism producing confinement is explained, and a number of analytical insights into the effective theory are presented.
hep-ph hep-lat nucl-th
an effective theory based on ensembles of either regular gauge instantons or merons is shown to produce confinement in su2 yangmills theory when the scale is set by the string tension the action density topological susceptibility and lowlying glueball spectrum are similar to those arising in lattice qcd the physical mechanism producing confinement is explained and a number of analytical insights into the effective theory are presented
[['an', 'effective', 'theory', 'based', 'on', 'ensembles', 'of', 'either', 'regular', 'gauge', 'instantons', 'or', 'merons', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'produce', 'confinement', 'in', 'su2', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'when', 'the', 'scale', 'is', 'set', 'by', 'the', 'string', 'tension', 'the', 'action', 'density', 'topological', 'susceptibility', 'and', 'lowlying', 'glueball', 'spectrum', 'are', 'similar', 'to', 'those', 'arising', 'in', 'lattice', 'qcd', 'the', 'physical', 'mechanism', 'producing', 'confinement', 'is', 'explained', 'and', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'analytical', 'insights', 'into', 'the', 'effective', 'theory', 'are', 'presented']]
[-0.13504612732699503, 0.2767695704591895, -0.12222351100462586, 0.13209806778641947, -0.050518385092936345, -0.12654085646022056, -0.002625774750277511, 0.35359218496996075, -0.19134813214916346, -0.2698834752524967, 0.05893091222535429, -0.29019664125100003, -0.16900958784216485, 0.10022259468504631, 0.0016095621038728686, 0.05415002498497714, -0.014237228641981509, 0.08281189517409944, -0.03089896817483119, -0.22423932736795119, 0.31127468565367716, 0.01378408819437027, 0.3235694151788728, 0.1337206770193332, 0.007408510990885657, -0.026709895657458856, -0.00103379912507623, 0.043390327869956176, -0.08190568996968665, 0.13332819231132517, 0.18777408375780083, 0.013126012382667456, 0.11576446067637837, -0.4548296592295615, -0.28071131664258775, 0.03372294728213282, 0.1641146338044374, 0.17341354494886613, -0.0362197651281091, -0.2904131448090966, 0.09616164847819218, -0.14469290299014426, -0.1392419332475054, -0.14498592059670098, -0.006562996554925148, -0.0765948801148516, -0.28632171574368404, 0.06512911670142785, -0.03175085845556277, 0.05877954136830435, -0.07059259534076746, -0.13339623432856665, -0.06033490166248782, 0.07652175453806004, 0.11191170069444646, 0.09926192657744039, 0.1486675734006202, -0.20275121326766796, -0.11863494044475591, 0.4324600066739454, -0.030395771091831707, -0.20499771185664098, 0.1733086934598135, -0.11141376152857026, -0.10055244942682225, 0.13526319924380575, 0.10319401066117823, 0.09358456249195915, -0.11433283154572076, 0.15548799461997878, -0.03557663945543733, 0.1508207240180154, 0.05828403201955023, 0.07264359530978906, 0.2889325913987053, 0.133187992967415, 0.004661676453065072, 0.11046281937551476, 0.023528573356930222, -0.17245206578092567, -0.3389415174111057, -0.03464964942297718, -0.17283123317383117, 0.12089132443904432, -0.09902607859416392, -0.20379660783271278, 0.35948859013394635, 0.09218994325805288, 0.1956946805133415, 0.014960943568331091, 0.2242707424143802, 0.13897793789923282, 0.06888326567444783, 0.0166027543079386, 0.23069794893042364, 0.19971827734887265, 0.013895795812635725, -0.28023515966957185, -0.11751035605244506, 0.20198139392270414]
708.1688
Perturbations on steady spherical accretion in Schwarzschild geometry
The stationary background flow in the spherically symmetric infall of a compressible fluid, coupled to the space-time defined by the static Schwarzschild metric, has been subjected to linearized perturbations. The perturbative procedure is based on the continuity condition and it shows that the coupling of the flow with the geometry of space-time brings about greater stability for the flow, to the extent that the amplitude of the perturbation, treated as a standing wave, decays in time, as opposed to the amplitude remaining constant in the Newtonian limit. In qualitative terms this situation simulates the effect of a dissipative mechanism in the classical Bondi accretion flow, defined in the Newtonian construct of space and time. As a result of this approach it becomes impossible to define an acoustic metric for a conserved spherically symmetric flow, described within the framework of Schwarzschild geometry. In keeping with this view, the perturbation, considered separately as a high-frequency travelling wave, also has its amplitude reduced.
astro-ph
the stationary background flow in the spherically symmetric infall of a compressible fluid coupled to the spacetime defined by the static schwarzschild metric has been subjected to linearized perturbations the perturbative procedure is based on the continuity condition and it shows that the coupling of the flow with the geometry of spacetime brings about greater stability for the flow to the extent that the amplitude of the perturbation treated as a standing wave decays in time as opposed to the amplitude remaining constant in the newtonian limit in qualitative terms this situation simulates the effect of a dissipative mechanism in the classical bondi accretion flow defined in the newtonian construct of space and time as a result of this approach it becomes impossible to define an acoustic metric for a conserved spherically symmetric flow described within the framework of schwarzschild geometry in keeping with this view the perturbation considered separately as a highfrequency travelling wave also has its amplitude reduced
[['the', 'stationary', 'background', 'flow', 'in', 'the', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'infall', 'of', 'a', 'compressible', 'fluid', 'coupled', 'to', 'the', 'spacetime', 'defined', 'by', 'the', 'static', 'schwarzschild', 'metric', 'has', 'been', 'subjected', 'to', 'linearized', 'perturbations', 'the', 'perturbative', 'procedure', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'continuity', 'condition', 'and', 'it', 'shows', 'that', 'the', 'coupling', 'of', 'the', 'flow', 'with', 'the', 'geometry', 'of', 'spacetime', 'brings', 'about', 'greater', 'stability', 'for', 'the', 'flow', 'to', 'the', 'extent', 'that', 'the', 'amplitude', 'of', 'the', 'perturbation', 'treated', 'as', 'a', 'standing', 'wave', 'decays', 'in', 'time', 'as', 'opposed', 'to', 'the', 'amplitude', 'remaining', 'constant', 'in', 'the', 'newtonian', 'limit', 'in', 'qualitative', 'terms', 'this', 'situation', 'simulates', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'a', 'dissipative', 'mechanism', 'in', 'the', 'classical', 'bondi', 'accretion', 'flow', 'defined', 'in', 'the', 'newtonian', 'construct', 'of', 'space', 'and', 'time', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'of', 'this', 'approach', 'it', 'becomes', 'impossible', 'to', 'define', 'an', 'acoustic', 'metric', 'for', 'a', 'conserved', 'spherically', 'symmetric', 'flow', 'described', 'within', 'the', 'framework', 'of', 'schwarzschild', 'geometry', 'in', 'keeping', 'with', 'this', 'view', 'the', 'perturbation', 'considered', 'separately', 'as', 'a', 'highfrequency', 'travelling', 'wave', 'also', 'has', 'its', 'amplitude', 'reduced']]
[-0.16117816037731245, 0.10338437414693544, -0.11954335778718814, 0.05748604487598641, -0.04970804578042589, -0.0925736461271299, -0.03477092430621269, 0.2897189444222022, -0.2582358499057591, -0.2479101110366173, 0.09048777101706947, -0.2408454550546594, -0.10630289478285704, 0.1475599184341263, -0.03489248927726294, 0.07149641290416184, -0.012329841387690976, 0.08139872515021125, -0.0758773184788879, -0.18244185041694436, 0.33895675810053943, 0.0794916786660906, 0.26389667756593554, 0.0015419874107465148, 0.10707646807277342, -0.0015580508930725045, -0.020956309112807502, 0.06932601896751293, -0.134966123072536, 0.030849462116020732, 0.19857711389513497, 0.08634065562073374, 0.25106205936463083, -0.4161657112999819, -0.2726364611065947, 0.05858438615250634, 0.14337990184722002, 0.14539632978849112, -0.022671081213047728, -0.2906457762583159, 0.06205722576996777, -0.18484552279114724, -0.1929982222529361, -0.031968783699267075, 0.05347946618858259, -0.03147506798268296, -0.22234722895373124, 0.14317424973833112, 0.09225310847978108, -0.011425711872288958, -0.09499450297516887, 0.0003839229728328064, -0.03840495959157124, 0.1075042718934128, 0.12247700584412087, 0.06852151983766816, 0.133828257744608, -0.12069640670524677, -0.05212815178383608, 0.4425908855395392, -0.132523258990841, -0.28437565056519815, 0.14206454218219733, -0.15667300120403524, -0.037665969287627374, 0.13162906563229626, 0.18224433153955033, 0.14927040254406165, -0.13153703410644085, 0.11289975502227208, -0.03277795828598755, 0.14416031539294635, 0.12848805249814177, 0.001128091395366937, 0.21259512710385026, 0.16174403547192923, 0.07175692018354311, 0.16217080118949526, -0.056837431744497735, -0.14444506581203315, -0.3364604660309851, -0.09819050320802489, -0.1372473938172334, 0.08592825195573824, -0.12005233222716924, -0.22459147678455338, 0.37904196353265435, 0.11313638806641393, 0.15816436158056604, 0.023972272587707268, 0.3160101351852063, 0.13103841492848006, 0.028159324017178734, 0.1198396620049607, 0.3206473593978444, 0.1738678829293349, 0.15816131804022007, -0.23328523238451454, 0.001643735874677077, 0.08672257072466891]
708.1689
Threshold corrections to rapidity distributions of Z and W^\pm bosons beyond N^2 LO at hadron colliders
Threshold enhanced perturbative QCD corrections to rapidity distributions of $Z$ and $W^\pm$ bosons at hadron colliders are presented using the Sudakov resummed cross sections at N${}^3$LO level. We have used renormalisation group invariance and the mass factorisation theorem that these hard scattering cross sections satisfy to construct the QCD amplitudes. We show that these higher order threshold QCD corrections stabilise the theoretical predictions for vector boson production at the LHC under variations of both renormalisation and factorisation scales.
hep-ph
threshold enhanced perturbative qcd corrections to rapidity distributions of z and wpm bosons at hadron colliders are presented using the sudakov resummed cross sections at n3lo level we have used renormalisation group invariance and the mass factorisation theorem that these hard scattering cross sections satisfy to construct the qcd amplitudes we show that these higher order threshold qcd corrections stabilise the theoretical predictions for vector boson production at the lhc under variations of both renormalisation and factorisation scales
[['threshold', 'enhanced', 'perturbative', 'qcd', 'corrections', 'to', 'rapidity', 'distributions', 'of', 'z', 'and', 'wpm', 'bosons', 'at', 'hadron', 'colliders', 'are', 'presented', 'using', 'the', 'sudakov', 'resummed', 'cross', 'sections', 'at', 'n3lo', 'level', 'we', 'have', 'used', 'renormalisation', 'group', 'invariance', 'and', 'the', 'mass', 'factorisation', 'theorem', 'that', 'these', 'hard', 'scattering', 'cross', 'sections', 'satisfy', 'to', 'construct', 'the', 'qcd', 'amplitudes', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'these', 'higher', 'order', 'threshold', 'qcd', 'corrections', 'stabilise', 'the', 'theoretical', 'predictions', 'for', 'vector', 'boson', 'production', 'at', 'the', 'lhc', 'under', 'variations', 'of', 'both', 'renormalisation', 'and', 'factorisation', 'scales']]
[-0.06093392766212137, 0.23979590233797446, -0.18480555538255244, 0.22651405930996704, -0.017924239858984947, -0.10498830721301672, -0.00663182351929255, 0.37970408603835565, -0.19201065683498597, -0.18416821292768687, -0.03230143754551999, -0.33788180710652316, 0.05342703149653971, 0.08430220270290589, 0.12391105977197488, 0.19468044677080634, 0.07619854243090138, -0.042416850839240045, -0.06504426738366675, -0.2894339344034401, 0.3478578854447756, 0.06824733205259037, 0.21408772571251178, 0.2348949040833992, 0.08265597123103455, 0.08685250806275946, -0.07454663783368559, -0.06788917616582833, -0.15333221354973295, 0.04134594827579955, 0.31408547875411713, -0.054786271535051174, 0.06776701152109756, -0.3144157456520658, -0.05879896065781418, 0.08392649008414875, 0.14763311248344296, 0.1177977334763198, -0.011916243626425663, -0.2779766589116592, 0.18028776646735004, -0.2763668922229837, -0.15289330213832167, -0.17123567897121972, -0.05208153100326084, -0.09740695342994653, -0.3277567788086927, 0.06786957261964488, -0.10879391319572161, -0.006855643614052007, 0.05896748107774422, -0.20609689391671848, -0.09857880759339493, 0.013385703142445821, 0.15401114374160385, 0.05545528084584452, 0.2260601996229245, -0.23716662565726812, -0.2137133564847784, 0.39176943919394547, -0.06303003075896786, -0.15401318131122166, 0.13027384301695305, -0.23024676346148437, -0.22727016063454825, 0.20208610782328135, 0.2716577222499137, 0.06588728583226793, -0.1322052663502594, 0.17830190284383626, 0.05414522761622301, 0.15625108372217092, 0.13953857567424002, 0.0806708650675435, 0.13182343789137518, 0.11532588564575864, -0.05468952060880092, -0.03614658865934381, -0.06452273746403173, -0.09883616843189184, -0.5205285744502758, -0.022539877213346653, 0.0022277571111678695, 0.06724244257500873, -0.13263415961727076, -0.0974463641953965, 0.28345195132379347, 0.17286910188014212, 0.2731074561388829, 0.12298675913077134, 0.31060729686839456, 0.20434630955927646, 0.1157616062137561, 0.04950979365728413, 0.322541020422553, 0.21004901886081848, 0.10724140387267256, -0.23789765833853146, -0.040642867873733245, 0.18871941953563157]
708.169
On fractional Euler-Lagrange and Hamilton equations and the fractional generalization of total time derivative
Fractional mechanics describes both conservative and non-conservative systems. The fractional variational principles gained importance in studying the fractional mechanics and several versions are proposed. In classical mechanics the equivalent Lagrangians play an important role because they admit the same Euler-Lagrange equations. By adding a total time derivative of a suitable function to a given classical Lagrangian or by multiplying with a constant the Lagrangian we obtain the same equations of motion. In this study, the fractional discrete Lagrangians which differs by a fractional derivative are analyzed within Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives. As a consequence of applying this procedure the classical results are reobtained as a special case. The fractional generalization of $Fa\grave{a}$ di Bruno formula is used in order to obtain the concrete expression of the fractional Lagrangians which differs from a given fractional Lagrangian by adding a fractional derivative. The fractional Euler-Lagrange and Hamilton equations corresponding to the obtained fractional Lagrangians are investigated and two examples are analyzed in details.
math-ph math.MP
fractional mechanics describes both conservative and nonconservative systems the fractional variational principles gained importance in studying the fractional mechanics and several versions are proposed in classical mechanics the equivalent lagrangians play an important role because they admit the same eulerlagrange equations by adding a total time derivative of a suitable function to a given classical lagrangian or by multiplying with a constant the lagrangian we obtain the same equations of motion in this study the fractional discrete lagrangians which differs by a fractional derivative are analyzed within riemannliouville fractional derivatives as a consequence of applying this procedure the classical results are reobtained as a special case the fractional generalization of fagravea di bruno formula is used in order to obtain the concrete expression of the fractional lagrangians which differs from a given fractional lagrangian by adding a fractional derivative the fractional eulerlagrange and hamilton equations corresponding to the obtained fractional lagrangians are investigated and two examples are analyzed in details
[['fractional', 'mechanics', 'describes', 'both', 'conservative', 'and', 'nonconservative', 'systems', 'the', 'fractional', 'variational', 'principles', 'gained', 'importance', 'in', 'studying', 'the', 'fractional', 'mechanics', 'and', 'several', 'versions', 'are', 'proposed', 'in', 'classical', 'mechanics', 'the', 'equivalent', 'lagrangians', 'play', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'because', 'they', 'admit', 'the', 'same', 'eulerlagrange', 'equations', 'by', 'adding', 'a', 'total', 'time', 'derivative', 'of', 'a', 'suitable', 'function', 'to', 'a', 'given', 'classical', 'lagrangian', 'or', 'by', 'multiplying', 'with', 'a', 'constant', 'the', 'lagrangian', 'we', 'obtain', 'the', 'same', 'equations', 'of', 'motion', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'the', 'fractional', 'discrete', 'lagrangians', 'which', 'differs', 'by', 'a', 'fractional', 'derivative', 'are', 'analyzed', 'within', 'riemannliouville', 'fractional', 'derivatives', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'applying', 'this', 'procedure', 'the', 'classical', 'results', 'are', 'reobtained', 'as', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'the', 'fractional', 'generalization', 'of', 'fagravea', 'di', 'bruno', 'formula', 'is', 'used', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'obtain', 'the', 'concrete', 'expression', 'of', 'the', 'fractional', 'lagrangians', 'which', 'differs', 'from', 'a', 'given', 'fractional', 'lagrangian', 'by', 'adding', 'a', 'fractional', 'derivative', 'the', 'fractional', 'eulerlagrange', 'and', 'hamilton', 'equations', 'corresponding', 'to', 'the', 'obtained', 'fractional', 'lagrangians', 'are', 'investigated', 'and', 'two', 'examples', 'are', 'analyzed', 'in', 'details']]
[-0.1301628337739586, 0.0742092446670992, -0.07471189386161547, 0.10639076716480367, -0.11988682648659034, -0.11159758017150943, -0.047312556672255576, 0.25767083638259825, -0.2776148601438054, -0.33127552079060263, 0.10711584098888971, -0.25752831038538626, -0.18895374461803469, 0.1837441767229107, -0.10369286398292056, 0.07537454183055263, -0.0038146521330887227, 0.0460688147061276, -0.12280005676841727, -0.19250329612584421, 0.2937029614259706, -0.021946018632009345, 0.16946100232150382, -0.015399272331042485, 0.16531107937272801, -0.016454343197855558, -0.08425400263202265, 0.03670387641298321, -0.18061190104967206, 0.12075300483653943, 0.21749198289716956, -0.01628813342302569, 0.30091911298662144, -0.4356646450271584, -0.23202050619600517, 0.07615606697662822, 0.07295542558964119, 0.08996547703959236, -0.00709094185932721, -0.33019668484581105, 0.03169412651163696, -0.15223362919458616, -0.17136795593882506, -0.07953311363235116, 0.04271782943451742, 0.053210806285856255, -0.22376058027133602, 0.12481745789940439, 0.08000698757691765, 0.004193338226258269, -0.08708530177989002, -0.160181739420261, -0.04497407112086086, 0.043012766728365105, 0.024482053350188635, 0.011738089660809334, 0.07843122358943494, -0.13956859398270086, -0.16260562861431976, 0.42896165466814673, -0.10301571499055498, -0.32773334373069823, 0.09500150545939522, -0.09526780630174861, -0.15700404220934278, 0.1059356257725005, 0.09968955076589547, 0.18228484900176245, -0.20078191540127843, 0.11772885443437728, -0.008636147126485154, 0.08323363634412112, 0.10634672465886476, 0.03867658412189416, 0.11864301738909112, 0.07739411482115938, 0.0811642160413658, 0.15700883172458308, 0.0077895362233251055, -0.225600510990868, -0.3829781432993382, -0.19275643306626183, -0.1702267989902845, 0.07364644609269416, -0.10311708835930324, -0.1210926556319098, 0.3578946992766651, 0.10104300545670572, 0.1096745461764388, 0.05001174001046603, 0.23212755283446246, 0.2945161173661948, 0.030050967663303955, 0.016818902988291386, 0.20730464278175584, 0.18338603880871437, 0.13258113970968333, -0.18926233176285484, -0.005427153259750057, 0.18673413269951758]
708.1691
PET monitoring of cancer therapy with He-3 and C-12 beams: a study with the GEANT4 toolkit
We study the spatial distributions of $\beta^+$-activity produced by therapeutic beams of $^3$He and $^{12}$C ions in various tissue-like materials. The calculations were performed within a Monte Carlo model for Heavy-Ion Therapy (MCHIT) based on the GEANT4 toolkit. The contributions from $^{10,11}$C, $^{13}$N, $^{14,15}$O, $^{17,18}$F and $^{30}$P positron-emitting nuclei were calculated and compared with experimental data obtained during and after irradiation. Positron emitting nuclei are created by $^{12}$C beam in fragmentation reactions of projectile and target nuclei. This leads to a $\beta^+$-activity profile characterised by a noticeable peak located close to the Bragg peak in the corresponding depth-dose distribution. On the contrary, as the most of positron-emitting nuclei are produced by $^3$He beam in target fragmentation reactions, the calculated total $\beta^+$-activity during or soon after the irradiation period is evenly distributed within the projectile range. However, we predict also the presence of $^{13}$N, $^{14}$O, $^{17,18}$F created in charge-transfer reactions by low-energy $^3$He ions close to the end of their range in several tissue-like media. The time evolution of $\beta^+$-activity profiles was investigated for both kinds of beams. Due to the production of $^{18}$F nuclide the $\beta^+$-activity profile measured 2 or 3 hours after irradiation with $^{3}$He ions will have a distinct peak correlated with the maximum of depth-dose distribution. We found certain advantages of low-energy $^{3}$He beams over low-energy proton beams for reliable PET monitoring during particle therapy of shallow located tumours. In this case the distal edge of $\beta^+$-activity distribution from $^{17}$F nuclei clearly marks the range of $^{3}$He in tissues.
physics.med-ph
we study the spatial distributions of betaactivity produced by therapeutic beams of 3he and 12c ions in various tissuelike materials the calculations were performed within a monte carlo model for heavyion therapy mchit based on the geant4 toolkit the contributions from 1011c 13n 1415o 1718f and 30p positronemitting nuclei were calculated and compared with experimental data obtained during and after irradiation positron emitting nuclei are created by 12c beam in fragmentation reactions of projectile and target nuclei this leads to a betaactivity profile characterised by a noticeable peak located close to the bragg peak in the corresponding depthdose distribution on the contrary as the most of positronemitting nuclei are produced by 3he beam in target fragmentation reactions the calculated total betaactivity during or soon after the irradiation period is evenly distributed within the projectile range however we predict also the presence of 13n 14o 1718f created in chargetransfer reactions by lowenergy 3he ions close to the end of their range in several tissuelike media the time evolution of betaactivity profiles was investigated for both kinds of beams due to the production of 18f nuclide the betaactivity profile measured 2 or 3 hours after irradiation with 3he ions will have a distinct peak correlated with the maximum of depthdose distribution we found certain advantages of lowenergy 3he beams over lowenergy proton beams for reliable pet monitoring during particle therapy of shallow located tumours in this case the distal edge of betaactivity distribution from 17f nuclei clearly marks the range of 3he in tissues
[['we', 'study', 'the', 'spatial', 'distributions', 'of', 'betaactivity', 'produced', 'by', 'therapeutic', 'beams', 'of', '3he', 'and', '12c', 'ions', 'in', 'various', 'tissuelike', 'materials', 'the', 'calculations', 'were', 'performed', 'within', 'a', 'monte', 'carlo', 'model', 'for', 'heavyion', 'therapy', 'mchit', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'geant4', 'toolkit', 'the', 'contributions', 'from', '1011c', '13n', '1415o', '1718f', 'and', '30p', 'positronemitting', 'nuclei', 'were', 'calculated', 'and', 'compared', 'with', 'experimental', 'data', 'obtained', 'during', 'and', 'after', 'irradiation', 'positron', 'emitting', 'nuclei', 'are', 'created', 'by', '12c', 'beam', 'in', 'fragmentation', 'reactions', 'of', 'projectile', 'and', 'target', 'nuclei', 'this', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'betaactivity', 'profile', 'characterised', 'by', 'a', 'noticeable', 'peak', 'located', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'bragg', 'peak', 'in', 'the', 'corresponding', 'depthdose', 'distribution', 'on', 'the', 'contrary', 'as', 'the', 'most', 'of', 'positronemitting', 'nuclei', 'are', 'produced', 'by', '3he', 'beam', 'in', 'target', 'fragmentation', 'reactions', 'the', 'calculated', 'total', 'betaactivity', 'during', 'or', 'soon', 'after', 'the', 'irradiation', 'period', 'is', 'evenly', 'distributed', 'within', 'the', 'projectile', 'range', 'however', 'we', 'predict', 'also', 'the', 'presence', 'of', '13n', '14o', '1718f', 'created', 'in', 'chargetransfer', 'reactions', 'by', 'lowenergy', '3he', 'ions', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'end', 'of', 'their', 'range', 'in', 'several', 'tissuelike', 'media', 'the', 'time', 'evolution', 'of', 'betaactivity', 'profiles', 'was', 'investigated', 'for', 'both', 'kinds', 'of', 'beams', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'production', 'of', '18f', 'nuclide', 'the', 'betaactivity', 'profile', 'measured', '2', 'or', '3', 'hours', 'after', 'irradiation', 'with', '3he', 'ions', 'will', 'have', 'a', 'distinct', 'peak', 'correlated', 'with', 'the', 'maximum', 'of', 'depthdose', 'distribution', 'we', 'found', 'certain', 'advantages', 'of', 'lowenergy', '3he', 'beams', 'over', 'lowenergy', 'proton', 'beams', 'for', 'reliable', 'pet', 'monitoring', 'during', 'particle', 'therapy', 'of', 'shallow', 'located', 'tumours', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'distal', 'edge', 'of', 'betaactivity', 'distribution', 'from', '17f', 'nuclei', 'clearly', 'marks', 'the', 'range', 'of', '3he', 'in', 'tissues']]
[0.012067179793867707, 0.24777318872449866, -0.06789552480194384, 0.08790515738916091, 0.09047663100707398, -0.11005380256096757, 0.03222759516305873, 0.418550588429065, -0.18314172423537442, -0.312047094224036, -0.02255229937571396, -0.35307349932826754, 0.041957789744303475, 0.1760918006657744, 0.030921915842303475, 0.055441088338214074, 0.07205764820697014, -0.0061145712322426765, -0.04225539375169674, -0.16464764161065706, 0.28110966336112697, 0.14515302783612738, 0.2790538065260412, 0.09296019833603102, 0.05073547354715732, 0.04820768500969753, -0.01106106698060147, -0.06812359994784664, -0.09557468056673094, 0.05238762600688127, 0.27044320654131593, 0.07945870851853681, 0.16766850031416378, -0.47242924780774165, -0.2169629328887024, 0.08428662261600053, 0.1633644461879276, 0.0847880601176871, -0.10038759024166388, -0.26243724748094727, 0.022340988641892507, -0.18642346175364788, -0.15866537575375259, -0.00031913508996140303, 0.04649225002622262, 0.11451355964219864, -0.2254307397307139, 0.05009923836514941, -0.04556934165482492, 0.08648484000697523, -0.12531778945614078, -0.19680115865167028, -0.03757437937031689, 0.04767116113959592, 0.07704789154572277, 0.04437149209405742, 0.23223017811646487, -0.11566318578571384, -0.04444918186191803, 0.38641876471323544, -0.0005323691142162657, -0.05646787079740164, 0.11402577806426954, -0.21007262124505832, -0.09135038676535392, 0.25560248078119646, 0.1848591479503103, 0.15385989141586612, -0.1704563361978749, -0.031025223741809483, 0.02466554487525387, 0.17036987757177766, 0.1430142086957074, -0.013593000719490333, 0.17612811609557488, 0.20480474994500827, -0.06402865460528652, 0.10689436281582614, -0.20753149631790124, -0.05790167937918407, -0.26017693622223276, -0.10273255929312994, -0.11454768763567375, 0.02071369305911769, -0.0034247654642435587, -0.09000982251964752, 0.37338193434449596, 0.03461944541375236, 0.17380664273538074, -0.06614861608486683, 0.24474731164159086, 0.03492873611555215, 0.0542132878263516, 0.0340492488273109, 0.2738792697607532, 0.14297837071116953, 0.11884409860599922, -0.25370460357214136, 0.110203688538338, -0.02154806189663042]
708.1692
High fidelity all-optical control of quantum dot spins: detailed study of the adiabatic approach
Confined electron spins are preferred candidates for embodying quantum information in the solid state. A popular idea is the use of optical excitation to achieve the ``best of both worlds'', i.e. marrying the long spin decoherence times with rapid gating. Here we study an all-optical adiabatic approach to generating single qubit phase gates. We find that such a gate can be extremely robust against the combined effect of all principal sources of decoherence, with an achievable fidelity of 0.999 even at finite temperature. Crucially this performance can be obtained with only a small time cost: the adiabatic gate duration is within about an order of magnitude of a simple dynamic implementation. An experimental verification of these predictions is immediately feasible with only modest resources.
quant-ph
confined electron spins are preferred candidates for embodying quantum information in the solid state a popular idea is the use of optical excitation to achieve the best of both worlds ie marrying the long spin decoherence times with rapid gating here we study an alloptical adiabatic approach to generating single qubit phase gates we find that such a gate can be extremely robust against the combined effect of all principal sources of decoherence with an achievable fidelity of 0999 even at finite temperature crucially this performance can be obtained with only a small time cost the adiabatic gate duration is within about an order of magnitude of a simple dynamic implementation an experimental verification of these predictions is immediately feasible with only modest resources
[['confined', 'electron', 'spins', 'are', 'preferred', 'candidates', 'for', 'embodying', 'quantum', 'information', 'in', 'the', 'solid', 'state', 'a', 'popular', 'idea', 'is', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'optical', 'excitation', 'to', 'achieve', 'the', 'best', 'of', 'both', 'worlds', 'ie', 'marrying', 'the', 'long', 'spin', 'decoherence', 'times', 'with', 'rapid', 'gating', 'here', 'we', 'study', 'an', 'alloptical', 'adiabatic', 'approach', 'to', 'generating', 'single', 'qubit', 'phase', 'gates', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'such', 'a', 'gate', 'can', 'be', 'extremely', 'robust', 'against', 'the', 'combined', 'effect', 'of', 'all', 'principal', 'sources', 'of', 'decoherence', 'with', 'an', 'achievable', 'fidelity', 'of', '0999', 'even', 'at', 'finite', 'temperature', 'crucially', 'this', 'performance', 'can', 'be', 'obtained', 'with', 'only', 'a', 'small', 'time', 'cost', 'the', 'adiabatic', 'gate', 'duration', 'is', 'within', 'about', 'an', 'order', 'of', 'magnitude', 'of', 'a', 'simple', 'dynamic', 'implementation', 'an', 'experimental', 'verification', 'of', 'these', 'predictions', 'is', 'immediately', 'feasible', 'with', 'only', 'modest', 'resources']]
[-0.14595831415030144, 0.18039452911386522, -0.04884222382304048, 0.0156674494182, -0.025008419186868254, -0.17781478063684078, 0.08716806671920142, 0.4289166130005352, -0.24459593888041714, -0.30667330590527386, 0.1004226146098752, -0.23032715444963786, -0.05155576108729527, 0.2478587860767279, -0.05172286092607875, 0.062161217297187016, 0.05340119354209052, 0.033266586266578205, -0.09655210572048917, -0.25480216894028407, 0.21281791245271434, 0.08705487031951517, 0.27869105326657695, 0.049859072074234005, 0.1073883775614142, -0.004271119947530209, 0.05275194336014289, -0.012991191774246192, -0.0686525122599696, 0.08756803411750062, 0.2646799581050272, 0.06611180792172108, 0.25733503759388, -0.46096576950062185, -0.18073660174700162, 0.08065481235427151, 0.10292117814007666, 0.1936479268535491, -0.05154737653285866, -0.26832592311585624, 0.044595140806068814, -0.18571035022426757, -0.1079003872808009, -0.11969327232462444, 0.028298992626068574, -0.02395028439763513, -0.2835202100987156, 0.07529502109654489, 0.04320904764444417, 0.03137846175400961, -0.01233887525403031, -0.05269761580688458, 0.0218182761943148, 0.11202121284816624, -0.021682376633473343, 0.051713575144305884, 0.1716144004725896, -0.11412913606534036, -0.16721040807709459, 0.3387894379425674, -0.06912057140312579, -0.12987883173252246, 0.17173981395805435, -0.1096937005302959, -0.061949982631748786, 0.13318345565048437, 0.1190743014768457, 0.12458836055556012, -0.15601825163203983, 0.01192389199446376, 0.016227684798650444, 0.260504485160533, 0.04088367008972132, 0.11088174574392577, 0.22199203704311063, 0.2234704287895452, 0.07488007676757631, 0.1376388957780305, -0.11392974145635362, -0.10154971425541706, -0.2828910693398587, -0.14917072931101785, -0.22023961772379885, 0.08960273641259259, -0.1087849082260002, -0.14506391352446255, 0.40767550615653875, 0.17749783216464904, 0.16239760551346286, 0.036807334441090786, 0.35701312274942476, 0.13612376675178717, 0.07319355225040307, 0.08001119431273471, 0.24688235586959748, 0.08961248331733289, 0.015293413885839043, -0.26416122410615395, 0.09306298202699831, -0.047831554607968896]
708.1693
Orbital Ordering Structures in (Nd,Pr)0.5Sr0.5MnO3 Manganite Thin Films on Perovskite (011) Substrates
Structural study of orbital-ordered manganite thin films has been conducted using synchrotron radiation, and a ground state electronic phase diagram is made. The lattice parameters of four manganite thin films, Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 (NSMO) or Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 (PSMO) on (011) surfaces of SrTiO3 (STO) or [(LaAlO3){0.3}(SrAl0.5Ta0.5O3){0.7}] (LSAT), were measured as a function of temperature. The result shows, as expected based on previous knowledge of bulk materials, that the films' resistivity is closely related to their structures. Observed superlattice reflections indicate that NSMO thin films have an antiferro-orbital-ordered phase as their low-temperature phase while PSMO film on LSAT has a ferro-orbital-ordered phase, and that on STO has no orbital-ordered phase. A metallic ground state was observed only in films having a narrow region of A-site ion radius, while larger ions favor ferro-orbital-ordered structure and smaller ions stabilize antiferro-orbital-ordered structure. The key to the orbital-ordering transition in (011) film is found to be the in-plane displacement along [0-1 1] direction.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci
structural study of orbitalordered manganite thin films has been conducted using synchrotron radiation and a ground state electronic phase diagram is made the lattice parameters of four manganite thin films nd05sr05mno3 nsmo or pr05sr05mno3 psmo on 011 surfaces of srtio3 sto or laalo303sral05ta05o307 lsat were measured as a function of temperature the result shows as expected based on previous knowledge of bulk materials that the films resistivity is closely related to their structures observed superlattice reflections indicate that nsmo thin films have an antiferroorbitalordered phase as their lowtemperature phase while psmo film on lsat has a ferroorbitalordered phase and that on sto has no orbitalordered phase a metallic ground state was observed only in films having a narrow region of asite ion radius while larger ions favor ferroorbitalordered structure and smaller ions stabilize antiferroorbitalordered structure the key to the orbitalordering transition in 011 film is found to be the inplane displacement along 01 1 direction
[['structural', 'study', 'of', 'orbitalordered', 'manganite', 'thin', 'films', 'has', 'been', 'conducted', 'using', 'synchrotron', 'radiation', 'and', 'a', 'ground', 'state', 'electronic', 'phase', 'diagram', 'is', 'made', 'the', 'lattice', 'parameters', 'of', 'four', 'manganite', 'thin', 'films', 'nd05sr05mno3', 'nsmo', 'or', 'pr05sr05mno3', 'psmo', 'on', '011', 'surfaces', 'of', 'srtio3', 'sto', 'or', 'laalo303sral05ta05o307', 'lsat', 'were', 'measured', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'temperature', 'the', 'result', 'shows', 'as', 'expected', 'based', 'on', 'previous', 'knowledge', 'of', 'bulk', 'materials', 'that', 'the', 'films', 'resistivity', 'is', 'closely', 'related', 'to', 'their', 'structures', 'observed', 'superlattice', 'reflections', 'indicate', 'that', 'nsmo', 'thin', 'films', 'have', 'an', 'antiferroorbitalordered', 'phase', 'as', 'their', 'lowtemperature', 'phase', 'while', 'psmo', 'film', 'on', 'lsat', 'has', 'a', 'ferroorbitalordered', 'phase', 'and', 'that', 'on', 'sto', 'has', 'no', 'orbitalordered', 'phase', 'a', 'metallic', 'ground', 'state', 'was', 'observed', 'only', 'in', 'films', 'having', 'a', 'narrow', 'region', 'of', 'asite', 'ion', 'radius', 'while', 'larger', 'ions', 'favor', 'ferroorbitalordered', 'structure', 'and', 'smaller', 'ions', 'stabilize', 'antiferroorbitalordered', 'structure', 'the', 'key', 'to', 'the', 'orbitalordering', 'transition', 'in', '011', 'film', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'the', 'inplane', 'displacement', 'along', '01', '1', 'direction']]
[-0.1434191892305944, 0.22932274108962697, -0.0465295428157875, -0.04074711482802295, -0.0332412988807858, -0.13123022702319043, 0.0870618097767826, 0.48438803076941445, -0.21817239406611152, -0.2848718482014162, 0.06435339737973417, -0.3307603015996121, -0.05426718617345373, 0.18865895564575366, 0.02719398199203609, 0.0320802289075222, -0.05623349737351304, -0.09124854795745765, -0.1167587120200057, -0.1675204079835645, 0.2555911573519721, 0.027275715484314702, 0.3501030900669808, 0.07494469211800703, 0.021398319051730515, -0.06552911599764959, 0.18142607857608883, 0.022312666030464976, -0.19266523086285298, -0.013221986240257095, 0.22102037533217214, -0.1420356111665756, 0.15441745025605358, -0.4599924020666555, -0.2381740993448527, -0.01968443451529455, 0.11641885995686005, 0.08225448624483797, -0.09710750612198986, -0.2555842914877595, 0.061559324940691225, -0.09478667865057062, -0.0939455475274239, -0.053438208398982785, -0.019161063442253413, -0.03127555583298379, -0.20665838687861066, 0.07641886536414359, 0.07398666181472062, 0.13046120361283126, -0.13215494620003151, -0.20275064266675355, -0.15313431331332747, 0.02837635689285516, 0.0674048939315812, 0.15236684755539362, 0.19765815325081348, -0.05134210215351382, -0.08788545565395955, 0.34284970067466136, -0.023041821537664257, -0.03244551160181595, 0.14376639484563558, -0.21609057551126507, -0.03343943055312069, 0.21141686215719196, 0.10580313668354253, 0.11984936791527646, -0.11636311819064524, 0.0698059562501954, -0.016238448995671277, 0.29210540784854117, 0.08191862057845127, 0.05091500615266257, 0.21801782840098075, 0.21519285240148917, 0.004940005064022955, 0.16833114944445046, -0.12855614863632137, -0.012716372728668499, -0.13287867946759951, -0.18761338671323974, -0.2067053956272611, 0.04739192564700366, -0.08084898964096776, -0.2398672535250716, 0.35377187349074923, 0.06366970255933949, 0.17363747475755137, -0.11194598137567573, 0.20852861216905472, 0.01493258133379508, 0.0725580522488334, -0.015190773749946068, 0.2904569582014486, 0.17212050292480563, 0.12834841904370345, -0.21364051294944786, 0.19341738757813065, 0.004357690861238944]
708.1694
Stability of equilibrium under constraints: Role of second-order constrained derivatives
In the stability analysis of an equilibrium, given by a stationary point of a functional F[n] (free energy functional, e.g.), the second derivative of F[n] plays the essential role. If the system in equilibrium is subject to the conservation constraint of some extensive property (e.g. volume, material, or energy conservation), the Euler equation determining the stationary point corresponding to the equilibrium alters according to the method of Lagrange multipliers. Here, the question as to how the effects of constraints can be taken into account in a stability analysis based on second functional derivatives is examined. It is shown that the concept of constrained second derivatives incorporates all the effects due to constraints; therefore constrained second derivatives provide the proper tool for the stability analysis of equilibria under constraints. For a physically important type of constraints, it is demonstrated how the presented theory works. Further, the rigorous derivation of a recently obtained stability condition for a special case of equilibrium of ultrathin-film binary mixtures is given, presenting a guide for similar analyses. [For details on constrained derivatives, see also math-ph/0603027, physics/0603129, physics/0701145.]
physics.flu-dyn cond-mat.stat-mech math-ph math.FA math.MP
in the stability analysis of an equilibrium given by a stationary point of a functional fn free energy functional eg the second derivative of fn plays the essential role if the system in equilibrium is subject to the conservation constraint of some extensive property eg volume material or energy conservation the euler equation determining the stationary point corresponding to the equilibrium alters according to the method of lagrange multipliers here the question as to how the effects of constraints can be taken into account in a stability analysis based on second functional derivatives is examined it is shown that the concept of constrained second derivatives incorporates all the effects due to constraints therefore constrained second derivatives provide the proper tool for the stability analysis of equilibria under constraints for a physically important type of constraints it is demonstrated how the presented theory works further the rigorous derivation of a recently obtained stability condition for a special case of equilibrium of ultrathinfilm binary mixtures is given presenting a guide for similar analyses for details on constrained derivatives see also mathph0603027 physics0603129 physics0701145
[['in', 'the', 'stability', 'analysis', 'of', 'an', 'equilibrium', 'given', 'by', 'a', 'stationary', 'point', 'of', 'a', 'functional', 'fn', 'free', 'energy', 'functional', 'eg', 'the', 'second', 'derivative', 'of', 'fn', 'plays', 'the', 'essential', 'role', 'if', 'the', 'system', 'in', 'equilibrium', 'is', 'subject', 'to', 'the', 'conservation', 'constraint', 'of', 'some', 'extensive', 'property', 'eg', 'volume', 'material', 'or', 'energy', 'conservation', 'the', 'euler', 'equation', 'determining', 'the', 'stationary', 'point', 'corresponding', 'to', 'the', 'equilibrium', 'alters', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'method', 'of', 'lagrange', 'multipliers', 'here', 'the', 'question', 'as', 'to', 'how', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'constraints', 'can', 'be', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'in', 'a', 'stability', 'analysis', 'based', 'on', 'second', 'functional', 'derivatives', 'is', 'examined', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'concept', 'of', 'constrained', 'second', 'derivatives', 'incorporates', 'all', 'the', 'effects', 'due', 'to', 'constraints', 'therefore', 'constrained', 'second', 'derivatives', 'provide', 'the', 'proper', 'tool', 'for', 'the', 'stability', 'analysis', 'of', 'equilibria', 'under', 'constraints', 'for', 'a', 'physically', 'important', 'type', 'of', 'constraints', 'it', 'is', 'demonstrated', 'how', 'the', 'presented', 'theory', 'works', 'further', 'the', 'rigorous', 'derivation', 'of', 'a', 'recently', 'obtained', 'stability', 'condition', 'for', 'a', 'special', 'case', 'of', 'equilibrium', 'of', 'ultrathinfilm', 'binary', 'mixtures', 'is', 'given', 'presenting', 'a', 'guide', 'for', 'similar', 'analyses', 'for', 'details', 'on', 'constrained', 'derivatives', 'see', 'also', 'mathph0603027', 'physics0603129', 'physics0701145']]
[-0.12966955584680578, 0.04455193920524365, -0.1371816711603622, 0.0865313458482714, -0.0815472921083179, -0.11097716048374259, 0.06017780974585814, 0.2705299799027068, -0.2704916004813538, -0.29744732622685055, 0.13358897891803384, -0.23523517994450802, -0.13955038870302855, 0.17118568263628803, -0.02758864228341603, 0.06940500620684555, 0.039251469394329934, 0.05178148639246951, -0.08125855304755981, -0.2235468453596859, 0.3249499337287264, 0.08105725913800382, 0.2576262829118942, 0.07328362607860184, 0.11275940753121892, 0.017984672802699248, -0.04057683470381654, 0.0581628754901359, -0.1636559492871221, 0.09776795609969269, 0.19612661041737942, 0.10453991791798492, 0.3131010705772578, -0.43841639369349467, -0.2291083467576203, 0.08702949417775936, 0.09485654132437416, 0.05842805453549987, -0.0568312808303581, -0.2369230949873199, 0.08955843808139895, -0.11683358594754271, -0.17733526341041572, -0.09687823057501692, 0.029805644797265864, 0.06224594381226555, -0.2924255257095681, 0.0683326838795407, 0.09389007457249453, 0.025570995648511886, -0.12800911644975957, -0.1116969252621305, -0.07158756045771114, 0.10766631143371669, 0.05596310762934428, -0.017338973807505844, 0.11760928757943924, -0.11188328897141003, -0.053715866603208394, 0.42824893353737137, -0.04673489641392959, -0.26730350928192725, 0.13473219772685696, -0.09480033011837559, -0.17550396003297353, 0.11000566832639931, 0.1366210121535853, 0.1372211585789291, -0.17361624599068184, 0.10292708718615552, -0.01587221097839431, 0.15333509780603902, 0.04146532032094645, 0.027440480184165783, 0.18552619001168882, 0.15954907248947728, 0.11327112449354, 0.15320842032398627, -0.02695602086487781, -0.14037516320992804, -0.34481132930939956, -0.16694394350993666, -0.16412359078511532, 0.03193819129334637, -0.05398823823936786, -0.16011521287522085, 0.38665814351897393, 0.12634444370436784, 0.14181538796630488, 0.013369680633454511, 0.2875177474585205, 0.18374025560797747, 0.01662776697939785, 0.022396111539094134, 0.24615828477691865, 0.14992567062707554, 0.08305585625047764, -0.21697833713764073, 0.090452385556183, 0.09135478780489792]
708.1695
Derived Semidistributive Lattices
For L a finite lattice, let C(L) denote the set of pairs g = (g_0,g_1) such that g_0 is a lower cover of g_1 and order it as follows: g <= d iff g_0 <= d_0, g_1 <= d_1, but not g_1 <= d_0. Let C(L,g) denote the connected component of g in this poset. Our main result states that C(L,g) is a semidistributive lattice if L is semidistributive, and that C(L,g) is a bounded lattice if L is bounded. Let S_n be the permutohedron on n letters and T_n be the associahedron on n+1 letters. Explicit computations show that C(S_n,a) = S_{n-1} and C(T_n,a) = T_{n-1}, up to isomorphism, whenever a is an atom. These results are consequences of new characterizations of finite join semidistributive and finite lower bounded lattices: (i) a finite lattice is join semidistributive if and only if the projection sending g in C(L) to g_0 in L creates pullbacks, (ii) a finite join semidistributive lattice is lower bounded if and only if it has a strict facet labelling. Strict facet labellings, as defined here, are generalization of the tools used by Barbut et al. to prove that lattices of Coxeter groups are bounded.
math.LO math.CO math.CT math.RA
for l a finite lattice let cl denote the set of pairs g g_0g_1 such that g_0 is a lower cover of g_1 and order it as follows g d iff g_0 d_0 g_1 d_1 but not g_1 d_0 let clg denote the connected component of g in this poset our main result states that clg is a semidistributive lattice if l is semidistributive and that clg is a bounded lattice if l is bounded let s_n be the permutohedron on n letters and t_n be the associahedron on n1 letters explicit computations show that cs_na s_n1 and ct_na t_n1 up to isomorphism whenever a is an atom these results are consequences of new characterizations of finite join semidistributive and finite lower bounded lattices i a finite lattice is join semidistributive if and only if the projection sending g in cl to g_0 in l creates pullbacks ii a finite join semidistributive lattice is lower bounded if and only if it has a strict facet labelling strict facet labellings as defined here are generalization of the tools used by barbut et al to prove that lattices of coxeter groups are bounded
[['for', 'l', 'a', 'finite', 'lattice', 'let', 'cl', 'denote', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'pairs', 'g', 'g_0g_1', 'such', 'that', 'g_0', 'is', 'a', 'lower', 'cover', 'of', 'g_1', 'and', 'order', 'it', 'as', 'follows', 'g', 'd', 'iff', 'g_0', 'd_0', 'g_1', 'd_1', 'but', 'not', 'g_1', 'd_0', 'let', 'clg', 'denote', 'the', 'connected', 'component', 'of', 'g', 'in', 'this', 'poset', 'our', 'main', 'result', 'states', 'that', 'clg', 'is', 'a', 'semidistributive', 'lattice', 'if', 'l', 'is', 'semidistributive', 'and', 'that', 'clg', 'is', 'a', 'bounded', 'lattice', 'if', 'l', 'is', 'bounded', 'let', 's_n', 'be', 'the', 'permutohedron', 'on', 'n', 'letters', 'and', 't_n', 'be', 'the', 'associahedron', 'on', 'n1', 'letters', 'explicit', 'computations', 'show', 'that', 'cs_na', 's_n1', 'and', 'ct_na', 't_n1', 'up', 'to', 'isomorphism', 'whenever', 'a', 'is', 'an', 'atom', 'these', 'results', 'are', 'consequences', 'of', 'new', 'characterizations', 'of', 'finite', 'join', 'semidistributive', 'and', 'finite', 'lower', 'bounded', 'lattices', 'i', 'a', 'finite', 'lattice', 'is', 'join', 'semidistributive', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'the', 'projection', 'sending', 'g', 'in', 'cl', 'to', 'g_0', 'in', 'l', 'creates', 'pullbacks', 'ii', 'a', 'finite', 'join', 'semidistributive', 'lattice', 'is', 'lower', 'bounded', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'it', 'has', 'a', 'strict', 'facet', 'labelling', 'strict', 'facet', 'labellings', 'as', 'defined', 'here', 'are', 'generalization', 'of', 'the', 'tools', 'used', 'by', 'barbut', 'et', 'al', 'to', 'prove', 'that', 'lattices', 'of', 'coxeter', 'groups', 'are', 'bounded']]
[-0.17177495995828723, 0.2135430331153212, -0.028775197265550813, -0.024517659595151967, -0.12162469598920421, -0.17747425151731264, 0.05280934786424041, 0.40489993000680463, -0.3226334221334137, -0.18201371524086657, 0.07305457861536738, -0.31775848478564317, -0.0784845372099687, 0.14724608306881992, -0.08801234828090256, -0.09237639904220371, 0.06975418002532914, 0.12874131536041883, -0.04093864666882585, -0.31791643753766696, 0.2849915966520363, -0.09276430740050892, 0.19317794660294546, 0.09147775427938656, 0.0747385803719071, -0.02754828132976322, 0.05356185238540886, 0.0449903007160793, -0.19873366196132222, 0.07584209832643961, 0.25702991942934533, 0.11511417213168511, 0.22883783600867746, -0.33947876145557915, -0.1236913279466767, 0.21867307980960987, 0.15877811259223504, -0.039315790170803666, 0.04187755115290589, -0.23478929161966006, 0.17915866324836585, -0.14584406994486307, -0.09130099914135768, -0.02392610218165383, 0.15993226600751748, 0.002302091536508437, -0.3030053167529602, -0.02700606491565308, 0.16719597185704302, 0.09891415823059357, 0.05517423249585455, -0.16064438267184936, -0.11850921452748886, 0.06027300244177434, -0.10849085775272273, 0.11723748776328533, 0.034738655889436525, -0.0270688435919781, -0.12563328868015966, 0.43539729885548906, -0.060288305224063116, -0.20482438574842315, 0.1082103022651628, -0.19726514264178324, -0.13392321320072292, 0.08355027419376246, 0.05692755855976584, 0.14704311785456586, -0.026098124902110865, 0.2454501554457238, -0.16726185469343227, 0.12950045604040808, 0.1198248377669246, 0.0025879080367690707, 0.10557909404977839, 0.0960894725235932, 0.15866148579826064, 0.12799517549277145, 0.07151406696883644, 0.04384475167651235, -0.36272249378244137, -0.08652717804417331, -0.2435189357071996, 0.15360284387760986, -0.11452705675107241, -0.16929948359772445, 0.2932791420843135, 0.040731479272622856, 0.2040462239282862, 0.09037631087282554, 0.1917138115473171, 0.07163884765798278, 0.0656382088460266, 0.1133844095178226, 0.04637003496309069, 0.23919010199135804, -0.11592503589951988, -0.16010414306111534, -0.004972709704467908, 0.1802473399066583]
708.1696
Charge Ordering in alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 by synchrotron x-ray diffraction
The spatial charge arrangement of a typical quasi-two-dimensional organic conductor alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 is revealed by single crystal structure analysis using synchrotron radiation. The results show that the horizontal stripe type structure, which was suggested by mean field theory, is established. We also find the charge disproportion above the metal-insulator transition temperature and a significant change in transfer integrals caused by the phase transition. Our result elucidates the insulating phase of this material as a 2k_F charge density localization.
cond-mat.str-el
the spatial charge arrangement of a typical quasitwodimensional organic conductor alphabedtttf2i3 is revealed by single crystal structure analysis using synchrotron radiation the results show that the horizontal stripe type structure which was suggested by mean field theory is established we also find the charge disproportion above the metalinsulator transition temperature and a significant change in transfer integrals caused by the phase transition our result elucidates the insulating phase of this material as a 2k_f charge density localization
[['the', 'spatial', 'charge', 'arrangement', 'of', 'a', 'typical', 'quasitwodimensional', 'organic', 'conductor', 'alphabedtttf2i3', 'is', 'revealed', 'by', 'single', 'crystal', 'structure', 'analysis', 'using', 'synchrotron', 'radiation', 'the', 'results', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'horizontal', 'stripe', 'type', 'structure', 'which', 'was', 'suggested', 'by', 'mean', 'field', 'theory', 'is', 'established', 'we', 'also', 'find', 'the', 'charge', 'disproportion', 'above', 'the', 'metalinsulator', 'transition', 'temperature', 'and', 'a', 'significant', 'change', 'in', 'transfer', 'integrals', 'caused', 'by', 'the', 'phase', 'transition', 'our', 'result', 'elucidates', 'the', 'insulating', 'phase', 'of', 'this', 'material', 'as', 'a', '2k_f', 'charge', 'density', 'localization']]
[-0.17197833031524795, 0.19575599852538147, -0.06608491354658232, 0.03347693424363463, 0.006096484901552851, -0.08019427023223274, 0.07888972447344476, 0.3769769360637897, -0.2582689381337592, -0.29258637006890464, 0.014431736974783435, -0.28430682701336873, -0.18174835367055683, 0.12230818198582569, 0.01481513681446577, -0.027799592150054727, -0.05072606019917634, -0.030247756884759898, -0.12626940603126083, -0.12347307316837954, 0.31644265397826765, 0.030292381508300055, 0.356209615922787, 0.10249420215962333, 0.04292933257030589, 0.012706227969474994, 0.07308613677666366, 0.03094739943754847, -0.14341676206217985, 0.029197048652892958, 0.24225052688936038, -0.08663776280001628, 0.18055768115083118, -0.3976245896479526, -0.2904012912594072, 0.01004734779889514, 0.11076569095005995, 0.11896694223426718, -0.12917141954251263, -0.28447214828489664, 0.029740997511506467, -0.1609932648308285, -0.16106057282561412, -0.05910494694994255, -0.02587880709891921, 0.011493975429662637, -0.22811813872192635, 0.14320473166979403, 0.08676936511288989, 0.09795470363551194, -0.10316078389341665, -0.10099832224659622, -0.0874925161705824, 0.04659863607353204, 0.04199881693832092, 0.09579883818817023, 0.1910987303640645, -0.1109327837588967, -0.09846093685837923, 0.3279227206435103, -0.041065708572323154, -0.0818052611331903, 0.11646784506980087, -0.23816523460864827, -0.03546685713355417, 0.2499309014045186, 0.04313871742705452, 0.09160164123485712, -0.11127910872334736, 0.04880520412259941, -0.040051074355368976, 0.21506308366290547, 0.04927322646457847, 0.009724498971353298, 0.2644914819967824, 0.20022120978078478, 0.012898270766456405, 0.1691959402735599, -0.13778862898697616, -0.08183017704490718, -0.2451248798918511, -0.17776815286329525, -0.2431399692696604, 0.05711218081989217, -0.09181455062538259, -0.19014049981805412, 0.3877730467538168, 0.11847889449979578, 0.17666741373477043, -0.09928823744896316, 0.2547623823916951, 0.12886587718453307, 0.07356308433287717, 0.02342289720371656, 0.2513114076029122, 0.16827475473998332, 0.15587723893778666, -0.2851847246555345, 0.0765946518218556, 0.0646214913969932]
708.1697
NLO QED contributions to top-pair production at hadron collider
Electroweak one-loop calculations for production of top-quark pairs at colliders are completed by providing the missing QED type contributions from real and virtual photons, where also effects from interference between QED and QCD contributions have to be taken into account. Moreover, photon-induced $t \bar{t}$ production is included as another partonic channel.
hep-ph
electroweak oneloop calculations for production of topquark pairs at colliders are completed by providing the missing qed type contributions from real and virtual photons where also effects from interference between qed and qcd contributions have to be taken into account moreover photoninduced t bart production is included as another partonic channel
[['electroweak', 'oneloop', 'calculations', 'for', 'production', 'of', 'topquark', 'pairs', 'at', 'colliders', 'are', 'completed', 'by', 'providing', 'the', 'missing', 'qed', 'type', 'contributions', 'from', 'real', 'and', 'virtual', 'photons', 'where', 'also', 'effects', 'from', 'interference', 'between', 'qed', 'and', 'qcd', 'contributions', 'have', 'to', 'be', 'taken', 'into', 'account', 'moreover', 'photoninduced', 't', 'bart', 'production', 'is', 'included', 'as', 'another', 'partonic', 'channel']]
[-0.03967918250161935, 0.2772767448743038, -0.09138015775448259, 0.163326223154881, -0.03355273681090159, -0.15887624525702468, 0.023351749021779087, 0.32186942511037286, -0.1952842765432947, -0.23774041820719255, -0.06764678316483018, -0.38175109280821157, 0.021437460885328406, 0.14880209016686707, 0.13540101760779233, 0.0491974087062237, 0.09249439188187905, -0.05734887067228556, 0.04088001734777993, -0.2593552664597975, 0.32704115024420854, 0.03174876271947926, 0.150696899979284, 0.23064726501630217, 0.05848874999027626, 0.07184442005795884, -0.10557974383518026, -0.06100784877643866, -0.038425510055294224, -0.016774836411772697, 0.2841805065708125, 0.0502361042388514, 0.10759768817646831, -0.38988860499332934, -0.1321246610137214, 0.09174110322241105, 0.1476343454993969, 0.11772083764548834, -0.054478517587424495, -0.30988996322540674, 0.09962642477715716, -0.2502452370655887, 0.008118718360349829, -0.09105709761235059, -0.05579930131195807, -0.14515966724823504, -0.37528960728177835, 0.019657999710248345, -0.10052128728734804, 0.021415204443031802, 0.05569507081207691, -0.21215956165071795, -0.08749203877888766, 0.14534297068694643, 0.10201726405534382, 0.0639213366598329, 0.16286675488192806, -0.17771620425742632, -0.2618218671174391, 0.4470131788402796, -0.036198722326434125, -0.18281111223440544, 0.11930716686137934, -0.1828195099335383, -0.15051594373824842, 0.2160533582791686, 0.27175746996905287, 0.013345991627669291, -0.21339614956877104, 0.1663488243848049, 0.11220653839044127, 0.09345917585397176, 0.07452166680356159, 0.12040236442550725, 0.20008746757372922, 0.13712298838129522, -0.09192835774692688, 0.10961281833941956, -0.037560374631235995, -0.09079814856579783, -0.5206113333503405, -0.09477071661282988, -0.07577699344313028, 0.08701404509609383, -0.0024947188514987846, -0.10297746377467525, 0.2927915833379124, 0.11585630616629679, 0.23494977333729028, 0.004373032280116105, 0.4194471086649334, 0.1328884197157059, 0.11986993773676016, 0.019672507739753698, 0.2848657782682601, 0.17326870206834785, 0.10455645985134385, -0.24215537198253123, 0.018674277709614412, 0.07484982425675672]
708.1698
Vanishing theorem for transverse Dirac operators on Riemannian foliations
We obtain a vanishing theorem for the half-kernel of a transverse ${\rm Spin}\sp c$ Dirac operator on a compact manifold endowed with a transversely almost complex Riemannian foliation twisted by a sufficiently large power of a line bundle, whose curvature vanishes along the leaves and is transversely non-degenerate at any point of the ambient manifold.
math.DG math-ph math.MP
we obtain a vanishing theorem for the halfkernel of a transverse rm spinsp c dirac operator on a compact manifold endowed with a transversely almost complex riemannian foliation twisted by a sufficiently large power of a line bundle whose curvature vanishes along the leaves and is transversely nondegenerate at any point of the ambient manifold
[['we', 'obtain', 'a', 'vanishing', 'theorem', 'for', 'the', 'halfkernel', 'of', 'a', 'transverse', 'rm', 'spinsp', 'c', 'dirac', 'operator', 'on', 'a', 'compact', 'manifold', 'endowed', 'with', 'a', 'transversely', 'almost', 'complex', 'riemannian', 'foliation', 'twisted', 'by', 'a', 'sufficiently', 'large', 'power', 'of', 'a', 'line', 'bundle', 'whose', 'curvature', 'vanishes', 'along', 'the', 'leaves', 'and', 'is', 'transversely', 'nondegenerate', 'at', 'any', 'point', 'of', 'the', 'ambient', 'manifold']]
[-0.2863516224161634, 0.17203764808979236, -0.07518840321989835, 0.03832956052271052, -0.10053220679456333, -0.19331588281564555, -0.02890919504537827, 0.39216307199226236, -0.2084968970420788, -0.12392282631810543, 0.09410727024078369, -0.28159123560730015, -0.07964213376091618, 0.17712307465702015, -0.04015145138046652, -0.01200717780739069, 0.08821604110933137, 0.14218308349614436, -0.14012636036945963, -0.13075598656366808, 0.524460846663646, 0.006627550454072232, 0.2397338581921638, 0.11396672291997469, 0.22958888387623824, -0.00146888603263025, 0.04642363254613471, 0.038960216935934884, -0.0964294905721579, 0.1129651326281985, 0.1909784680970435, 0.0005797167343772808, 0.17657540875645178, -0.34405109148367113, -0.19399226658959995, 0.15776088649301595, 0.06377673511094642, -0.005739493119829106, -0.020031389229017187, -0.26844121905852036, 0.13954578512260374, -0.07244177334854063, -0.30057134190222845, -0.05567121901110096, 0.025653739644319943, -0.041285056128816784, -0.21269625891878638, -0.02481720492876363, 0.13186653897183825, 0.10055585281115095, -0.05132669892232373, -0.046255186112281285, -0.1523059823567856, 0.022265863956286096, 7.790652595741569e-05, 0.17086740117520094, 0.13918836454351274, -0.06033395100736393, -0.051037891504337206, 0.3558575524333513, -0.17107445198409962, -0.3032969018479563, 0.09036232171720772, -0.17114880875649177, -0.13145458584053898, 0.20258335178753115, 0.17337760055999993, 0.1953705006085758, -0.036195578958558024, 0.18972995003382237, -0.0755598624851906, 0.06253717492064373, 0.0840589548724721, -0.07074568387261539, 0.19217352145615052, 0.09786308764146184, 0.2037923750994762, 0.0726589478359048, -0.05859655209043819, -0.04841769771773438, -0.37590672776876194, -0.2379974380645128, -0.17013035853446093, 0.27152254615189897, -0.14171681713004253, -0.21160725672852318, 0.3777076135969387, -0.1177978792122372, 0.3312987766386765, 0.07931933722476352, 0.2808123026394619, 0.07954048043345364, 0.0354108352780799, 0.14877763739347738, 0.1446871145821686, 0.24853019307824378, 0.08248174614009429, -0.11631740014209359, -0.08829963536722199, 0.0770328317786444]
708.1699
Magnetic reconnection during collisionless, stressed, X-point collapse using Particle-in-Cell simulation
Two cases of weakly and strongly stressed X-point collapse were considered. Here descriptors weakly and strongly refer to 20 % and 124 % unidirectional spatial compression of the X-point, respectively. In the weakly stressed case, the reconnection rate, defined as the out-of-plane electric field in the X-point (the magnetic null) normalised by the product of external magnetic field and Alfv\'en speeds, peaks at 0.11, with its average over 1.25 Alfv\'en times being 0.04. Electron energy distribution in the current sheet, at the high energy end of the spectrum, shows a power law distribution with the index varying in time, attaining a maximal value of -4.1 at the final simulation time step (1.25 Alfv\'en times). In the strongly stressed case, magnetic reconnection peak occurs 3.4 times faster and is more efficient. The peak reconnection rate now attains value 2.5, with the average reconnection rate over 1.25 Alfv\'en times being 0.5. The power law energy spectrum for the electrons in the current sheet attains now a steeper index of -5.5, a value close to the ones observed in the vicinity of X-type region in the Earth's magneto-tail. Within about one Alfv\'en time, 2% and 20% of the initial magnteic energy is converted into heat and accelerated particle energy in the case of weak and strong stress, respectively. In the both cases, during the peak of the reconnection, the quadruple out-of-plane magnetic field is generated, hinting possibly to the Hall regime of the reconnection. These results strongly suggest the importance of the collionless, stressed X-point collapse as a possible contributing factor to the solution of the solar coronal heating problem or more generally, as an efficient mechanism of converting magnetic energy into heat and super-thermal particle energy.
astro-ph physics.plasm-ph physics.space-ph
two cases of weakly and strongly stressed xpoint collapse were considered here descriptors weakly and strongly refer to 20 and 124 unidirectional spatial compression of the xpoint respectively in the weakly stressed case the reconnection rate defined as the outofplane electric field in the xpoint the magnetic null normalised by the product of external magnetic field and alfven speeds peaks at 011 with its average over 125 alfven times being 004 electron energy distribution in the current sheet at the high energy end of the spectrum shows a power law distribution with the index varying in time attaining a maximal value of 41 at the final simulation time step 125 alfven times in the strongly stressed case magnetic reconnection peak occurs 34 times faster and is more efficient the peak reconnection rate now attains value 25 with the average reconnection rate over 125 alfven times being 05 the power law energy spectrum for the electrons in the current sheet attains now a steeper index of 55 a value close to the ones observed in the vicinity of xtype region in the earths magnetotail within about one alfven time 2 and 20 of the initial magnteic energy is converted into heat and accelerated particle energy in the case of weak and strong stress respectively in the both cases during the peak of the reconnection the quadruple outofplane magnetic field is generated hinting possibly to the hall regime of the reconnection these results strongly suggest the importance of the collionless stressed xpoint collapse as a possible contributing factor to the solution of the solar coronal heating problem or more generally as an efficient mechanism of converting magnetic energy into heat and superthermal particle energy
[['two', 'cases', 'of', 'weakly', 'and', 'strongly', 'stressed', 'xpoint', 'collapse', 'were', 'considered', 'here', 'descriptors', 'weakly', 'and', 'strongly', 'refer', 'to', '20', 'and', '124', 'unidirectional', 'spatial', 'compression', 'of', 'the', 'xpoint', 'respectively', 'in', 'the', 'weakly', 'stressed', 'case', 'the', 'reconnection', 'rate', 'defined', 'as', 'the', 'outofplane', 'electric', 'field', 'in', 'the', 'xpoint', 'the', 'magnetic', 'null', 'normalised', 'by', 'the', 'product', 'of', 'external', 'magnetic', 'field', 'and', 'alfven', 'speeds', 'peaks', 'at', '011', 'with', 'its', 'average', 'over', '125', 'alfven', 'times', 'being', '004', 'electron', 'energy', 'distribution', 'in', 'the', 'current', 'sheet', 'at', 'the', 'high', 'energy', 'end', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'shows', 'a', 'power', 'law', 'distribution', 'with', 'the', 'index', 'varying', 'in', 'time', 'attaining', 'a', 'maximal', 'value', 'of', '41', 'at', 'the', 'final', 'simulation', 'time', 'step', '125', 'alfven', 'times', 'in', 'the', 'strongly', 'stressed', 'case', 'magnetic', 'reconnection', 'peak', 'occurs', '34', 'times', 'faster', 'and', 'is', 'more', 'efficient', 'the', 'peak', 'reconnection', 'rate', 'now', 'attains', 'value', '25', 'with', 'the', 'average', 'reconnection', 'rate', 'over', '125', 'alfven', 'times', 'being', '05', 'the', 'power', 'law', 'energy', 'spectrum', 'for', 'the', 'electrons', 'in', 'the', 'current', 'sheet', 'attains', 'now', 'a', 'steeper', 'index', 'of', '55', 'a', 'value', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'ones', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'vicinity', 'of', 'xtype', 'region', 'in', 'the', 'earths', 'magnetotail', 'within', 'about', 'one', 'alfven', 'time', '2', 'and', '20', 'of', 'the', 'initial', 'magnteic', 'energy', 'is', 'converted', 'into', 'heat', 'and', 'accelerated', 'particle', 'energy', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'weak', 'and', 'strong', 'stress', 'respectively', 'in', 'the', 'both', 'cases', 'during', 'the', 'peak', 'of', 'the', 'reconnection', 'the', 'quadruple', 'outofplane', 'magnetic', 'field', 'is', 'generated', 'hinting', 'possibly', 'to', 'the', 'hall', 'regime', 'of', 'the', 'reconnection', 'these', 'results', 'strongly', 'suggest', 'the', 'importance', 'of', 'the', 'collionless', 'stressed', 'xpoint', 'collapse', 'as', 'a', 'possible', 'contributing', 'factor', 'to', 'the', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'solar', 'coronal', 'heating', 'problem', 'or', 'more', 'generally', 'as', 'an', 'efficient', 'mechanism', 'of', 'converting', 'magnetic', 'energy', 'into', 'heat', 'and', 'superthermal', 'particle', 'energy']]
[-0.1593078816409356, 0.2245477816886705, 0.020971336555001992, 0.0705563623499724, 0.003517557866871357, -0.0836507322466267, 0.02823903533363981, 0.3563708264779832, -0.2469020040090462, -0.34298174052964897, 0.05891165163151787, -0.26100013622614954, -0.012190390601088959, 0.22883115774020552, 0.04076193788361187, -0.0033924270995027784, 0.039969345339341086, 0.05307545756056373, -0.029853441509892165, -0.18304819696433178, 0.243347629904747, 0.1447849041616012, 0.30739596403852504, 0.057514456672860044, 0.06544481307999896, -0.06304358113141331, 0.02806041803435489, 0.011750497467008764, -0.11577771179560971, 0.027180283850507945, 0.16793638670683972, 0.03429885229852516, 0.26199607456302537, -0.4353245330808152, -0.1792574883850258, 0.04010241169183116, 0.16554537666628935, 0.03384616991638073, -0.030610216624336318, -0.20881868373087076, 0.07596213375446885, -0.13799036493375233, -0.13192872219785515, 0.05107476875086182, 0.04700682245851827, 0.013781364498260831, -0.3019314723821091, 0.17134304535242595, 0.06314603870102603, 0.043583816013831114, -0.1289953245328174, -0.07862565176494951, -0.08040889764171359, 0.024570833305395872, 0.12642777518818288, 0.10674486365335595, 0.22298137459438294, -0.1583085173691091, -0.06186374979609224, 0.37399292378353755, -0.05390674593259714, -0.10205019054576821, 0.15513743011147849, -0.24620876137965492, -0.053878598330941586, 0.23260416485635296, 0.14005329606921546, 0.09114000199837652, -0.08173675427678972, 0.015047607868369336, 0.015072729111748881, 0.1249908045038215, 0.08947266602439673, -0.0027661780003524782, 0.26309722375761857, 0.148988572624512, 0.07618824073496008, 0.1229434463661164, -0.1741761153389234, -0.07958444784432817, -0.26874826914364736, -0.1547490550803819, -0.14886272478220886, 0.08377222465933301, -0.12302598040919942, -0.15595578118352152, 0.41863294333951284, 0.12840068547957345, 0.1967212091237473, -0.00066436835456573, 0.2657479268282519, 0.1809698869328713, 0.04234227016900799, 0.17413836315473807, 0.2961914010462351, 0.16968811819679103, 0.18144279709335284, -0.21771021209756977, 0.02220615420374088, 0.021972068422473966]
708.17
Quantum interference in bilayer graphene
We report the first experimental study of the quantum interference correction to the conductivity of bilayer graphene. Low-field, positive magnetoconductivity due to the weak localisation effect is investigated at different carrier densities, including those around the electroneutrality region. Unlike conventional 2D systems, weak localisation in bilayer graphene is affected by elastic scattering processes such as intervalley scattering. Analysis of the dephasing determined from the magnetoconductivity is complemented by a study of the field- and density-dependent fluctuations of the conductance. Good agreement in the value of the coherence length is found between these two studies.
cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci
we report the first experimental study of the quantum interference correction to the conductivity of bilayer graphene lowfield positive magnetoconductivity due to the weak localisation effect is investigated at different carrier densities including those around the electroneutrality region unlike conventional 2d systems weak localisation in bilayer graphene is affected by elastic scattering processes such as intervalley scattering analysis of the dephasing determined from the magnetoconductivity is complemented by a study of the field and densitydependent fluctuations of the conductance good agreement in the value of the coherence length is found between these two studies
[['we', 'report', 'the', 'first', 'experimental', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'interference', 'correction', 'to', 'the', 'conductivity', 'of', 'bilayer', 'graphene', 'lowfield', 'positive', 'magnetoconductivity', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'weak', 'localisation', 'effect', 'is', 'investigated', 'at', 'different', 'carrier', 'densities', 'including', 'those', 'around', 'the', 'electroneutrality', 'region', 'unlike', 'conventional', '2d', 'systems', 'weak', 'localisation', 'in', 'bilayer', 'graphene', 'is', 'affected', 'by', 'elastic', 'scattering', 'processes', 'such', 'as', 'intervalley', 'scattering', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'dephasing', 'determined', 'from', 'the', 'magnetoconductivity', 'is', 'complemented', 'by', 'a', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'and', 'densitydependent', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'the', 'conductance', 'good', 'agreement', 'in', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'coherence', 'length', 'is', 'found', 'between', 'these', 'two', 'studies']]
[-0.21132943700464007, 0.151068459235211, -0.030831511087834516, 0.040626916405249465, 0.03835403088955803, -0.1303188611723562, 0.0299450372806453, 0.3545839624043475, -0.26736197299621206, -0.25092618078726564, 0.0025350076983623364, -0.32643719441554647, -0.16283770432656117, 0.19771357665353634, 0.02525703630012589, 0.054173432003231124, 0.01031860466452038, -0.036423656103656964, -0.07089097997386683, -0.16621194242504722, 0.3243347507842044, 0.04971995181280208, 0.357303373733575, 0.1348975078361307, 0.0034774528182250387, 0.05950903134579037, 0.011982456924631558, 0.07078580427518551, -0.16345359506382745, 0.050700126686430674, 0.2199827366201405, -0.1420403958962081, 0.18258829838893514, -0.4376580225145246, -0.2206016417810733, 0.002133733256066099, 0.12939488316113326, 0.18031384865753353, -0.046059881460833105, -0.30543130077421665, 0.05105462462760191, -0.09999700798405374, -0.08220675427397277, -0.03491672618869454, 0.0014013555606807325, -0.015739878535548105, -0.24258458934367655, 0.17566723393355596, 0.019538041954721384, 0.08780309393942515, -0.09119058899244571, -0.13266227055499527, -0.021956439637777176, 0.11484648071308719, 0.0918845071660434, 0.01260563525485192, 0.1876933936752934, -0.1650235194841677, -0.09150690259411931, 0.3647926592972734, -0.08578496746857592, -0.10177872892304453, 0.17591143348947802, -0.21587458261823717, -0.038829893978471135, 0.192612935897914, 0.09972873825500621, 0.07353036446952597, -0.14965617898455325, 0.08801005152487593, -0.030625772938637576, 0.13600964845217606, 0.0627698816775166, 0.11373745021836007, 0.21658079295934357, 0.18949758381325196, 0.018442358217261572, 0.13342736374111253, -0.14396376506564149, -0.05747981406649218, -0.2596419445496607, -0.11991066632277154, -0.219516614402466, 0.097624278240317, -0.03633357289397688, -0.17828251964888198, 0.373914515851016, 0.1655790652544733, 0.19692860038931223, 0.0017907107967209625, 0.2955679010322436, 0.1599310271236352, 0.07238583510464176, -0.015090701626019274, 0.2918104082544116, 0.19688535029033913, 0.10224859386266387, -0.3403868457535282, 0.06401968121211579, -0.0001103287993712311]
708.1701
Effective Field Theory of Gravity: Leading Quantum Gravitational Corrections to Newtons and Coulombs Law
In this paper we consider general relativity and its combination with scalar quantum electrodynamics (QED) as an effective quantum field theory at energies well below the Planck scale. This enables us to compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the Newton and Coulomb potential induced by the combination of graviton and photon fluctuations. We derive the relevant Feynman rules and compute the nonanalytical contributions to the one-loop scattering matrix for charged scalars in the nonrelativistic limit. In particular, we derive the post-Newtonian corrections of order $Gm/\text c^2 r$ from general relativity and the genuine quantum corrections of order $G\hbar/\text c^3 r^2$.
hep-th gr-qc
in this paper we consider general relativity and its combination with scalar quantum electrodynamics qed as an effective quantum field theory at energies well below the planck scale this enables us to compute the oneloop quantum corrections to the newton and coulomb potential induced by the combination of graviton and photon fluctuations we derive the relevant feynman rules and compute the nonanalytical contributions to the oneloop scattering matrix for charged scalars in the nonrelativistic limit in particular we derive the postnewtonian corrections of order gmtext c2 r from general relativity and the genuine quantum corrections of order ghbartext c3 r2
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'consider', 'general', 'relativity', 'and', 'its', 'combination', 'with', 'scalar', 'quantum', 'electrodynamics', 'qed', 'as', 'an', 'effective', 'quantum', 'field', 'theory', 'at', 'energies', 'well', 'below', 'the', 'planck', 'scale', 'this', 'enables', 'us', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'oneloop', 'quantum', 'corrections', 'to', 'the', 'newton', 'and', 'coulomb', 'potential', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'graviton', 'and', 'photon', 'fluctuations', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'relevant', 'feynman', 'rules', 'and', 'compute', 'the', 'nonanalytical', 'contributions', 'to', 'the', 'oneloop', 'scattering', 'matrix', 'for', 'charged', 'scalars', 'in', 'the', 'nonrelativistic', 'limit', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'postnewtonian', 'corrections', 'of', 'order', 'gmtext', 'c2', 'r', 'from', 'general', 'relativity', 'and', 'the', 'genuine', 'quantum', 'corrections', 'of', 'order', 'ghbartext', 'c3', 'r2']]
[-0.10653928878161181, 0.1684213809881951, -0.06435556274990799, 0.14081014307662465, -0.04244996502767412, -0.12225913852975913, -0.0004746404200868339, 0.259551203857195, -0.2061205865359124, -0.27690734883665813, -0.008375379151180007, -0.3151516583463063, -0.129468261245258, 0.13605878928353135, 0.013810085417816833, 0.07839935040992342, -0.027846639652793506, 0.050070760657592694, -0.09691231255360157, -0.2149868590914055, 0.3507041921061036, 0.07102205680341137, 0.1677459230271111, 0.12049646284051087, 0.08254402489116301, 0.04412977647378433, -0.015516004962276439, 0.002853927131248068, -0.16326533215196462, 0.12055136127711026, 0.2220961493725071, 0.0035577028305554875, 0.1510360556065428, -0.41452121330491665, -0.1576762907302045, 0.07717345467749603, 0.11380241816027128, 0.21831552604954613, 0.002415378777576344, -0.28272469881541873, 0.01786419207809911, -0.21135693135652311, -0.1764515573016311, -0.13756625535802877, 0.005593168982827313, -0.09939965214200165, -0.28323984570796507, 0.0757740881013071, -0.014621206624575948, -0.018691352368997678, 0.004790862232247102, -0.07851872481500768, 0.036416735084328265, 0.10846487835657839, 0.08134692241509008, 0.053996357857724844, 0.14459666499050752, -0.18122658546424794, -0.1409106543917228, 0.46253856381743536, -0.133085655995255, -0.16401408315275093, 0.1026247833589358, -0.20485167019069195, -0.1361746726241628, 0.10183521715463234, 0.16335971641582342, 0.1489165313639892, -0.1582673580833587, 0.249200293610742, 0.0862007537923221, 0.11632826269547246, 0.08933546732426906, 0.06855582202694435, 0.22539997259535047, 0.00991552974078424, 0.004235062619899304, 0.12739011850588175, -0.06967490534678254, -0.1393425703732943, -0.4536714112500147, -0.13900606747602626, -0.13461918865178465, 0.09733742251231962, -0.16117404207360944, -0.17716565563305453, 0.36572586107738936, 0.1700760880247595, 0.11425538346134553, 0.09266553404360857, 0.29454393819810787, 0.20379709282638125, 0.0728387252703233, 0.06331242343448863, 0.3247594418555346, 0.193543962823056, 0.09690751748786745, -0.2909523563421502, -0.11654316217220408, 0.12131630130378264]
708.1702
Optical response of ferromagnetic YTiO_3 studied by spectral ellipsometry
We have studied the temperature dependence of spectroscopic ellipsometry spectra of an electrically insulating, nearly stoichiometric YTiO_3 single crystal with ferromagnetic Curie temperature T_C = 30 K. The optical response exhibits a weak but noticeable anisotropy. Using a classical dispersion analysis, we identify three low-energy optical bands at 2.0, 2.9, and 3.7 eV. Although the optical conductivity spectra are only weakly temperature dependent below 300 K, we are able to distinguish high- and low-temperature regimes with a distinct crossover point around 100 K. The low-temperature regime in the optical response coincides with the temperature range in which significant deviations from Curie-Weiss mean field behavior are observed in the magnetization. Using an analysis based on a simple superexchange model, the spectral weight rearrangement can be attributed to intersite d_i^1d_j^1 \longrightarrow d_i^2d_j^0 optical transitions. In particular, Kramers-Kronig consistent changes in optical spectra around 2.9 eV can be associated with the high-spin-state (^3T_1) optical transition. This indicates that other mechanisms, such as weakly dipole-allowed p-d transitions and/or exciton-polaron excitations, can contribute significantly to the optical band at 2 eV. The recorded optical spectral weight gain of 2.9 eV optical band is significantly suppressed and anisotropic, which we associate with complex spin-orbit-lattice phenomena near ferromagnetic ordering temperature in YTiO_3.
cond-mat.str-el
we have studied the temperature dependence of spectroscopic ellipsometry spectra of an electrically insulating nearly stoichiometric ytio_3 single crystal with ferromagnetic curie temperature t_c 30 k the optical response exhibits a weak but noticeable anisotropy using a classical dispersion analysis we identify three lowenergy optical bands at 20 29 and 37 ev although the optical conductivity spectra are only weakly temperature dependent below 300 k we are able to distinguish high and lowtemperature regimes with a distinct crossover point around 100 k the lowtemperature regime in the optical response coincides with the temperature range in which significant deviations from curieweiss mean field behavior are observed in the magnetization using an analysis based on a simple superexchange model the spectral weight rearrangement can be attributed to intersite d_i1d_j1 longrightarrow d_i2d_j0 optical transitions in particular kramerskronig consistent changes in optical spectra around 29 ev can be associated with the highspinstate 3t_1 optical transition this indicates that other mechanisms such as weakly dipoleallowed pd transitions andor excitonpolaron excitations can contribute significantly to the optical band at 2 ev the recorded optical spectral weight gain of 29 ev optical band is significantly suppressed and anisotropic which we associate with complex spinorbitlattice phenomena near ferromagnetic ordering temperature in ytio_3
[['we', 'have', 'studied', 'the', 'temperature', 'dependence', 'of', 'spectroscopic', 'ellipsometry', 'spectra', 'of', 'an', 'electrically', 'insulating', 'nearly', 'stoichiometric', 'ytio_3', 'single', 'crystal', 'with', 'ferromagnetic', 'curie', 'temperature', 't_c', '30', 'k', 'the', 'optical', 'response', 'exhibits', 'a', 'weak', 'but', 'noticeable', 'anisotropy', 'using', 'a', 'classical', 'dispersion', 'analysis', 'we', 'identify', 'three', 'lowenergy', 'optical', 'bands', 'at', '20', '29', 'and', '37', 'ev', 'although', 'the', 'optical', 'conductivity', 'spectra', 'are', 'only', 'weakly', 'temperature', 'dependent', 'below', '300', 'k', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'distinguish', 'high', 'and', 'lowtemperature', 'regimes', 'with', 'a', 'distinct', 'crossover', 'point', 'around', '100', 'k', 'the', 'lowtemperature', 'regime', 'in', 'the', 'optical', 'response', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'temperature', 'range', 'in', 'which', 'significant', 'deviations', 'from', 'curieweiss', 'mean', 'field', 'behavior', 'are', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'magnetization', 'using', 'an', 'analysis', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'simple', 'superexchange', 'model', 'the', 'spectral', 'weight', 'rearrangement', 'can', 'be', 'attributed', 'to', 'intersite', 'd_i1d_j1', 'longrightarrow', 'd_i2d_j0', 'optical', 'transitions', 'in', 'particular', 'kramerskronig', 'consistent', 'changes', 'in', 'optical', 'spectra', 'around', '29', 'ev', 'can', 'be', 'associated', 'with', 'the', 'highspinstate', '3t_1', 'optical', 'transition', 'this', 'indicates', 'that', 'other', 'mechanisms', 'such', 'as', 'weakly', 'dipoleallowed', 'pd', 'transitions', 'andor', 'excitonpolaron', 'excitations', 'can', 'contribute', 'significantly', 'to', 'the', 'optical', 'band', 'at', '2', 'ev', 'the', 'recorded', 'optical', 'spectral', 'weight', 'gain', 'of', '29', 'ev', 'optical', 'band', 'is', 'significantly', 'suppressed', 'and', 'anisotropic', 'which', 'we', 'associate', 'with', 'complex', 'spinorbitlattice', 'phenomena', 'near', 'ferromagnetic', 'ordering', 'temperature', 'in', 'ytio_3']]
[-0.11348629392799921, 0.22396834339670021, -0.031912535782903435, -0.002497780902776867, -0.028854157221503557, -0.1766701229265891, 0.10596060703857801, 0.4536055219732225, -0.26977257247781383, -0.31669052425131666, 0.012242153466795571, -0.3756295701814815, -0.07680270572425797, 0.17434469509898917, 0.0665599623369053, -0.0371710539329797, -0.04191646851541009, -0.022172326600411907, -0.10547479476197623, -0.14498947902000509, 0.2311184279480949, 0.036742932610213754, 0.3029942777939141, 0.08269045071385335, 0.01143547014449723, -0.005394675547286169, 0.1019596113380976, 0.03024074648041278, -0.14980328854308028, 0.020038498141548188, 0.2858418961497955, -0.11741541323019192, 0.15979682044126092, -0.34011942756827923, -0.21487856125109828, 0.06943605656444561, 0.13826617382699624, 0.07651472388883121, -0.02330229631566908, -0.23074927439447493, 0.03825354808883276, -0.10457793997367844, -0.12958513644931371, -0.09572845126560424, -0.030355469511705452, -0.01057751870364882, -0.2562728740368038, 0.15736925772798713, 0.01592014019144699, 0.1495394342415966, -0.13756290820310824, -0.14912183873006143, -0.08236413933336735, 0.02479866092064185, -0.010907203072565607, 0.051065338228363545, 0.17220894657075406, -0.07655525346635841, -0.08049596165481489, 0.3663272054400295, -0.12504643899388612, 0.017065563588403165, 0.19196037635323593, -0.21253019547788427, -0.06767332828370855, 0.2662133670944604, 0.1076285830012057, 0.0825445521157235, -0.14488297929987312, 0.044739958833961285, 0.020751577967312185, 0.24422119889015448, 0.056701454481808466, 0.1069479297567159, 0.25678781694499775, 0.1643064906541258, -0.010559144626604393, 0.11057590359734604, -0.16702605665224837, -0.02256933879572898, -0.20038339413295034, -0.07714835488586687, -0.17904871479142456, 0.09801092398003675, -0.11428231605539622, -0.14134206230286508, 0.3910008272319101, 0.1299661877527251, 0.21684337908867746, -0.019933528341352938, 0.20767067150678487, 0.14330770102562382, 0.08256238111935091, 0.05749930643243715, 0.31573012076318263, 0.15304134293342941, 0.16303883791202678, -0.2625185049732681, 0.012811999101249966, -0.03723676903173327]
708.1703
Point-form quantum field theory
We examine canonical quantization of relativistic field theories on the forward hyperboloid, a Lorentz-invariant surface of the form $x_\mu x^\mu = \tau^2$. This choice of quantization surface implies that all components of the 4-momentum operator are affected by interactions (if present), whereas rotation and boost generators remain interaction free -- a feature characteristic of Dirac's `` point-form\rq\rq of relativistic dynamics. Unlike previous attempts to quantize fields on space-time hyperboloids, we keep the usual plane-wave expansion of the field operators and consider evolution of the system generated by the 4-momentum operator. We verify that the Fock-space representations of the Poincar\'e generators for free scalar and spin-1/2 fields look the same as for equal-time quantization. Scattering is formulated for interacting fields in a covariant interaction picture and it is shown that the familiar perturbative expansion of the S-operator is recovered by our approach. An appendix analyzes special distributions, integrals over the forward hyperboloid, that are used repeatedly in the paper.
nucl-th
we examine canonical quantization of relativistic field theories on the forward hyperboloid a lorentzinvariant surface of the form x_mu xmu tau2 this choice of quantization surface implies that all components of the 4momentum operator are affected by interactions if present whereas rotation and boost generators remain interaction free a feature characteristic of diracs pointformrqrq of relativistic dynamics unlike previous attempts to quantize fields on spacetime hyperboloids we keep the usual planewave expansion of the field operators and consider evolution of the system generated by the 4momentum operator we verify that the fockspace representations of the poincare generators for free scalar and spin12 fields look the same as for equaltime quantization scattering is formulated for interacting fields in a covariant interaction picture and it is shown that the familiar perturbative expansion of the soperator is recovered by our approach an appendix analyzes special distributions integrals over the forward hyperboloid that are used repeatedly in the paper
[['we', 'examine', 'canonical', 'quantization', 'of', 'relativistic', 'field', 'theories', 'on', 'the', 'forward', 'hyperboloid', 'a', 'lorentzinvariant', 'surface', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'x_mu', 'xmu', 'tau2', 'this', 'choice', 'of', 'quantization', 'surface', 'implies', 'that', 'all', 'components', 'of', 'the', '4momentum', 'operator', 'are', 'affected', 'by', 'interactions', 'if', 'present', 'whereas', 'rotation', 'and', 'boost', 'generators', 'remain', 'interaction', 'free', 'a', 'feature', 'characteristic', 'of', 'diracs', 'pointformrqrq', 'of', 'relativistic', 'dynamics', 'unlike', 'previous', 'attempts', 'to', 'quantize', 'fields', 'on', 'spacetime', 'hyperboloids', 'we', 'keep', 'the', 'usual', 'planewave', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'operators', 'and', 'consider', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'generated', 'by', 'the', '4momentum', 'operator', 'we', 'verify', 'that', 'the', 'fockspace', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'poincare', 'generators', 'for', 'free', 'scalar', 'and', 'spin12', 'fields', 'look', 'the', 'same', 'as', 'for', 'equaltime', 'quantization', 'scattering', 'is', 'formulated', 'for', 'interacting', 'fields', 'in', 'a', 'covariant', 'interaction', 'picture', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'familiar', 'perturbative', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'soperator', 'is', 'recovered', 'by', 'our', 'approach', 'an', 'appendix', 'analyzes', 'special', 'distributions', 'integrals', 'over', 'the', 'forward', 'hyperboloid', 'that', 'are', 'used', 'repeatedly', 'in', 'the', 'paper']]
[-0.16618344234530905, 0.17752501162560733, -0.10285502928042833, 0.09780801824610559, -0.06829998303612608, -0.10781442967785243, -0.06194136301253381, 0.3357917442917824, -0.23312955024025214, -0.2145840460084549, 0.021938587519114996, -0.26972292466058695, -0.12969588391555875, 0.14031488509860887, -0.021594690871151054, 0.009761992354992947, 0.030074655810322346, 0.09238106759076366, -0.11637133075642625, -0.22734793269355458, 0.3844821296276196, 0.06204593524921174, 0.25947491926281085, -0.012624826094324342, 0.15024224174775036, 0.09112623102736227, -0.02725500227530408, -0.0026350702506070045, -0.08640993601100229, 0.08936177884240702, 0.18802767707524956, 0.0767952726173878, 0.19254038896369047, -0.4367613811593722, -0.217662097989685, 0.052073324896589994, 0.17979588407682243, 0.09043539171959304, -0.02830973507842548, -0.2696857548446632, 0.012276443527928504, -0.18595104927221448, -0.16977044436593655, -0.10337726331735943, 0.003144015781764014, -0.021221358003399145, -0.24037199477464252, 0.0801681174570999, 0.05228198240465466, 0.03979754612288054, -0.08726918980406195, -0.07095572341072184, -0.021777700025624798, 0.07877116251335133, 0.08150903528915365, 0.06735575951794101, 0.12505373245887336, -0.13866002363871077, -0.10281021078878076, 0.40376235774773006, -0.06396625928346408, -0.27192471466891566, 0.11216786531183649, -0.18199613887901886, -0.11059743722937271, 0.09992164983855427, 0.12700134962553683, 0.13389744571550122, -0.15769782113946146, 0.18425567336289175, -0.03211532855441404, 0.0845620495431183, 0.08866690546030702, 0.02327329992298402, 0.17886276326440517, 0.051066637733111195, 0.020749897840217874, 0.09746413043048842, -0.02651917914330375, -0.14576165323005685, -0.3939684475011198, -0.17945994783704186, -0.16561957354599524, 0.07654649814061236, -0.0772500587440875, -0.1638366293161727, 0.3889777752695593, 0.15503784579687502, 0.16978427980496896, 0.03951565602496023, 0.2746572860918355, 0.16774814755365167, 0.09079087069684189, 0.07437858275850029, 0.24837979471639676, 0.18480241269761927, 0.0500731766147819, -0.21612808446771178, -0.0461143629893271, 0.13960347362045272]
708.1704
Proper Motions in the Andromeda Subgroup
This article presents results of VLBI observations of regions of H2O maser activity in the Local Group galaxies M33 and IC10. Since all position measurements were made relative to extragalactic background sources, the proper motions of the two galaxies could be measured. For M33, this provides this galaxy's three dimensional velocity, showing that this galaxy is moving with a velocity of 190 +/- 59 km\s relative to the Milky Way. For IC10, we obtain a motion of 215 +/- 42 km/s relative to the Milky Way. These measurements promise a new handle on dynamical models for the Local Group and the mass and dark matter halo of Andromeda and the Milky Way.
astro-ph
this article presents results of vlbi observations of regions of h2o maser activity in the local group galaxies m33 and ic10 since all position measurements were made relative to extragalactic background sources the proper motions of the two galaxies could be measured for m33 this provides this galaxys three dimensional velocity showing that this galaxy is moving with a velocity of 190 59 kms relative to the milky way for ic10 we obtain a motion of 215 42 kms relative to the milky way these measurements promise a new handle on dynamical models for the local group and the mass and dark matter halo of andromeda and the milky way
[['this', 'article', 'presents', 'results', 'of', 'vlbi', 'observations', 'of', 'regions', 'of', 'h2o', 'maser', 'activity', 'in', 'the', 'local', 'group', 'galaxies', 'm33', 'and', 'ic10', 'since', 'all', 'position', 'measurements', 'were', 'made', 'relative', 'to', 'extragalactic', 'background', 'sources', 'the', 'proper', 'motions', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'galaxies', 'could', 'be', 'measured', 'for', 'm33', 'this', 'provides', 'this', 'galaxys', 'three', 'dimensional', 'velocity', 'showing', 'that', 'this', 'galaxy', 'is', 'moving', 'with', 'a', 'velocity', 'of', '190', '59', 'kms', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'for', 'ic10', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'motion', 'of', '215', '42', 'kms', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'these', 'measurements', 'promise', 'a', 'new', 'handle', 'on', 'dynamical', 'models', 'for', 'the', 'local', 'group', 'and', 'the', 'mass', 'and', 'dark', 'matter', 'halo', 'of', 'andromeda', 'and', 'the', 'milky', 'way']]
[-0.09130372134968638, 0.046924539194019003, -0.12394866889384999, 0.02829772107070312, -0.14188575418242677, 0.0024486210017295724, 0.021980070852706292, 0.43614493461156434, -0.1757323920980773, -0.364987949044867, -0.019174101918046787, -0.269964711622081, 0.012330535816198045, 0.22402105647647244, -0.0430295570414852, -0.018989116112193602, 0.062595481923993, -0.07127554202134806, -0.056658129584552214, -0.2905900522431528, 0.25237027326260103, 0.036968417929760605, 0.15567051050761208, -0.07009265287355944, 0.1316127281805331, -0.13257063124758794, -0.11327885736457326, -0.009134461730718612, -0.15600450723253412, 0.1158058447170664, 0.24308265977772614, 0.10517382473176853, 0.20890314944977448, -0.3261260456490246, -0.1953352613035928, 0.08087560715661808, 0.18765685267069124, 0.07749248649501665, -0.07882785482744856, -0.34697311323305424, 0.07370494466952303, -0.18269560986452482, -0.23380954938475043, 0.04444923631381244, 0.07184906560419635, 0.03160630754957145, -0.17874404695308344, 0.18573707907714626, 0.008161378480078632, 0.11091525600376455, -0.1272905198539692, -0.06740575285035778, -0.025934710958972575, 0.08517140707170422, 0.009904569072056222, 0.10895459904462437, 0.22809455497613684, -0.12461644296239352, -0.029897809578952463, 0.4679005804048343, -0.07918920179469172, -0.019221967957194216, 0.2367655717259781, -0.22406765845688906, -0.21449257380498404, 0.07183343340558085, 0.13371990271420642, 0.09492299244739115, -0.21107576357370073, 0.0057001941562206905, -0.0687492550012063, 0.1776362536813725, 0.04879870291968638, 0.06851559120061046, 0.2937918759332123, 0.055625388685571535, 0.1355679496191442, 0.04957849967547438, -0.2803439150162211, -0.021773822347379544, -0.24800676244565031, -0.15611148418181323, -0.07619198316136713, 0.07980720538391986, -0.16241275074161504, -0.07027349156613293, 0.39895732265643097, 0.12736638221963817, 0.2513820940543982, 0.04562795912338929, 0.3306057873605327, 0.017746279924176635, 0.08102059179747646, 0.1434416527478871, 0.32344782713123343, 0.20795577264348553, 0.053660551395097913, -0.2120778367304328, 0.055116459596055475, -0.001289338254454461]
708.1705
Quantum gravity: unification of principles and interactions, and promises of spectral geometry
Quantum gravity was born as that branch of modern theoretical physics that tries to unify its guiding principles, i.e., quantum mechanics and general relativity. Nowadays it is providing new insight into the unification of all fundamental interactions, while giving rise to new developments in modern mathematics. It is however unclear whether it will ever become a falsifiable physical theory, since it deals with Planck-scale physics. Reviewing a wide range of spectral geometry from index theory to spectral triples, we hope to dismiss the general opinion that the mere mathematical complexity of the unification programme will obstruct that programme.
hep-th gr-qc math-ph math.MP
quantum gravity was born as that branch of modern theoretical physics that tries to unify its guiding principles ie quantum mechanics and general relativity nowadays it is providing new insight into the unification of all fundamental interactions while giving rise to new developments in modern mathematics it is however unclear whether it will ever become a falsifiable physical theory since it deals with planckscale physics reviewing a wide range of spectral geometry from index theory to spectral triples we hope to dismiss the general opinion that the mere mathematical complexity of the unification programme will obstruct that programme
[['quantum', 'gravity', 'was', 'born', 'as', 'that', 'branch', 'of', 'modern', 'theoretical', 'physics', 'that', 'tries', 'to', 'unify', 'its', 'guiding', 'principles', 'ie', 'quantum', 'mechanics', 'and', 'general', 'relativity', 'nowadays', 'it', 'is', 'providing', 'new', 'insight', 'into', 'the', 'unification', 'of', 'all', 'fundamental', 'interactions', 'while', 'giving', 'rise', 'to', 'new', 'developments', 'in', 'modern', 'mathematics', 'it', 'is', 'however', 'unclear', 'whether', 'it', 'will', 'ever', 'become', 'a', 'falsifiable', 'physical', 'theory', 'since', 'it', 'deals', 'with', 'planckscale', 'physics', 'reviewing', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'spectral', 'geometry', 'from', 'index', 'theory', 'to', 'spectral', 'triples', 'we', 'hope', 'to', 'dismiss', 'the', 'general', 'opinion', 'that', 'the', 'mere', 'mathematical', 'complexity', 'of', 'the', 'unification', 'programme', 'will', 'obstruct', 'that', 'programme']]
[-0.051786503992138466, 0.12387828404387953, -0.16359554252371059, 0.15146053827496017, -0.19688512207655123, -0.17833499986279225, 0.015579381299547243, 0.3048314938597305, -0.2781487411922747, -0.3486337222762368, 0.07970681208143086, -0.22348266431814706, -0.16616183447138388, 0.21050129353772012, -0.10353352915262803, 0.026698263817614098, 0.027403191967430164, 0.004148369754797646, -0.04242271185871594, -0.2501643882418165, 0.29176110194815436, 0.11690219241546049, 0.26361015166526625, 0.08441072804568221, 0.05672761413199846, 0.009622917572340491, -0.02837155317431506, 0.021747000448937927, -0.11832725368018443, 0.1643648412724843, 0.31161879920590746, 0.21570921930655532, 0.3213938652366704, -0.4427377147676081, -0.24361346786537644, 0.03498735159340942, 0.11223479471530537, 0.1479740444340919, -0.05942407508418724, -0.24966648967974647, 0.041816221576241056, -0.17318936802710558, -0.16994035302908445, -0.08274300695320934, 0.040203403154083966, -0.09699571770746546, -0.1356046859897217, 0.010947704376956942, 0.0688156998070071, 0.04165437971526871, 0.005932882949662376, -0.0929451687748506, 0.04894918214223271, 0.13664866562894717, 0.07792110144806912, 0.03311098760055682, 0.09022480509082349, -0.16523230799511834, -0.14366408555331278, 0.4596634005405465, 0.02810914371618811, -0.10386165073711653, 0.22891152418712724, -0.15351980074061727, -0.21234511620631175, 0.075087017717068, 0.1253981294718628, 0.05095784730106896, -0.14421275734654343, 0.14464700754140314, 0.0015702306682586062, 0.1642983288561203, 0.0340592909309709, 0.0899111863608206, 0.3219469563123219, 0.16626196641627014, 0.03650747521837451, 0.018283201856728718, 0.029898452268419216, -0.18956282780961875, -0.3544546868842171, -0.1597101366603557, -0.12948961440611592, 0.10559705958692167, -0.020455951906820254, -0.15037366064094312, 0.378337103930511, 0.1890502015713184, 0.09291659974093948, 0.020138180515329753, 0.2452968982029326, 0.05899396576628811, 0.06477140228986283, 0.010755131819418498, 0.31517028027423183, 0.1806766040984313, 0.12805549195036292, -0.13462708796117911, 0.002134613455178178, 0.06722113798961651]
708.1706
Weak Solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations over the Field of p-Adic Numbers
Study of stochastic differential equations on the field of p-adic numbers was initiated by the second author and has been developed by the first author, who proved several results for the p-adic case, similar to the theory of ordinary stochastic integral with respect to Levy processes on the Euclidean spaces. In this article, we present an improved definition of a stochastic integral on the field and prove the joint (time and space) continuity of the local time for p-adic stable processes. Then we use the method of random time change to obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a weak solution of a stochastic differential equation on the field, driven by the p-adic stable process, with a Borel measurable coefficient.
math.PR math.NT
study of stochastic differential equations on the field of padic numbers was initiated by the second author and has been developed by the first author who proved several results for the padic case similar to the theory of ordinary stochastic integral with respect to levy processes on the euclidean spaces in this article we present an improved definition of a stochastic integral on the field and prove the joint time and space continuity of the local time for padic stable processes then we use the method of random time change to obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a weak solution of a stochastic differential equation on the field driven by the padic stable process with a borel measurable coefficient
[['study', 'of', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equations', 'on', 'the', 'field', 'of', 'padic', 'numbers', 'was', 'initiated', 'by', 'the', 'second', 'author', 'and', 'has', 'been', 'developed', 'by', 'the', 'first', 'author', 'who', 'proved', 'several', 'results', 'for', 'the', 'padic', 'case', 'similar', 'to', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'ordinary', 'stochastic', 'integral', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'levy', 'processes', 'on', 'the', 'euclidean', 'spaces', 'in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'improved', 'definition', 'of', 'a', 'stochastic', 'integral', 'on', 'the', 'field', 'and', 'prove', 'the', 'joint', 'time', 'and', 'space', 'continuity', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'time', 'for', 'padic', 'stable', 'processes', 'then', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'method', 'of', 'random', 'time', 'change', 'to', 'obtain', 'sufficient', 'conditions', 'for', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'weak', 'solution', 'of', 'a', 'stochastic', 'differential', 'equation', 'on', 'the', 'field', 'driven', 'by', 'the', 'padic', 'stable', 'process', 'with', 'a', 'borel', 'measurable', 'coefficient']]
[-0.14171253092354164, 0.0651547783686207, -0.14045476035098545, 0.06925914478253313, -0.08229531178367325, -0.04814861367922276, 0.023882910373504273, 0.29566833064115294, -0.29924254371629405, -0.24431362223355488, 0.11307610024523455, -0.21532283955408882, -0.14533547108682493, 0.21890821884541461, -0.08598614996299148, 0.08690039184875786, 0.015223365816442918, 0.08999363008576135, -0.04901676580775529, -0.29658332478720695, 0.40391850302694365, 0.02211844245127092, 0.22045386335036407, -0.001030527257050077, 0.17320501059681798, 0.0345029192782628, -0.08850207073264756, 0.00606547973366105, -0.1782494621972243, 0.13008705837031206, 0.21831462315749378, 0.03598084428425257, 0.3166234868983641, -0.428177564839522, -0.19642659744713456, 0.1435067336424254, 0.0678045013056059, 0.05276750916770349, -0.04677397944809248, -0.3303655407760137, 0.09169188632319371, -0.12352052375208586, -0.1637052090256475, -0.08337271129518437, 0.04805801818826391, 0.07337991955961722, -0.29645654938649385, 0.058163434961655484, 0.08209342101084378, 0.08447354179807007, -0.10393946293042973, -0.07037700430955737, 0.012903853932706018, 0.06705728828674182, 0.05117417332342787, 0.0468232762243133, 0.06571174342340479, -0.07413222447309332, -0.14963743220626688, 0.3187476415808002, -0.1428831950838988, -0.21087018045169922, 0.1477502176964966, -0.17212554785655812, -0.1685781790021186, 0.13726482029693823, 0.16621156519589325, 0.18717113858244072, -0.15379191360746822, 0.14667301299681032, -0.056135315372375774, 0.083932145863461, 0.07933557427798708, -0.03680737830388049, 0.10098732314072549, 0.10983357932418585, 0.11866815704464291, 0.13401708225913656, -0.009564445823586235, -0.13849102166471614, -0.3171254098415375, -0.2059512314076225, -0.14967046500726913, 0.07253111328852052, -0.08115530478886891, -0.17079318483883982, 0.38499616165936457, 0.12135187513194978, 0.1566858130817612, 0.10712481596662353, 0.24350635106675328, 0.20829542524249214, -0.019842679658904672, 0.013100507475125292, 0.16765627136919647, 0.2070935288288941, 0.13602992274488013, -0.18279482439611455, 0.05794693772525837, 0.16186788803509747]
708.1707
The Minimum Rank Problem: a counterexample
We provide a counterexample to a recent conjecture that the minimum rank of every sign pattern matrix can be realized by a rational matrix. We use one of the equivalences of the conjecture and some results from projective geometry. As a consequence of the counterexample, we show that there is a graph for which the minimum rank over the reals is strictly smaller than the minimum rank over the rationals. We also make some comments on the minimum rank of sign pattern matrices over different subfields of $\mathbb R$.
math.CO
we provide a counterexample to a recent conjecture that the minimum rank of every sign pattern matrix can be realized by a rational matrix we use one of the equivalences of the conjecture and some results from projective geometry as a consequence of the counterexample we show that there is a graph for which the minimum rank over the reals is strictly smaller than the minimum rank over the rationals we also make some comments on the minimum rank of sign pattern matrices over different subfields of mathbb r
[['we', 'provide', 'a', 'counterexample', 'to', 'a', 'recent', 'conjecture', 'that', 'the', 'minimum', 'rank', 'of', 'every', 'sign', 'pattern', 'matrix', 'can', 'be', 'realized', 'by', 'a', 'rational', 'matrix', 'we', 'use', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'equivalences', 'of', 'the', 'conjecture', 'and', 'some', 'results', 'from', 'projective', 'geometry', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'the', 'counterexample', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'graph', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'minimum', 'rank', 'over', 'the', 'reals', 'is', 'strictly', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'minimum', 'rank', 'over', 'the', 'rationals', 'we', 'also', 'make', 'some', 'comments', 'on', 'the', 'minimum', 'rank', 'of', 'sign', 'pattern', 'matrices', 'over', 'different', 'subfields', 'of', 'mathbb', 'r']]
[-0.16408504799971085, 0.0783391380839552, -0.06910138508158453, 0.05254735108307992, -0.06946532809165086, -0.1414173000303798, 0.03881209576240835, 0.340096516006239, -0.3192257907534583, -0.2315946274353296, 0.13567495063533275, -0.27215960258199423, -0.20887858490721228, 0.19949659600519062, -0.09652155504844497, -0.003567302568156398, 0.0537285317295346, 0.11857802054375212, -0.12976896254806203, -0.33905772636337156, 0.3547086950098531, -0.011377223840590273, 0.18739001339908395, 0.12113573920672362, 0.0974725772066858, 0.02683843815113219, 0.006228427329425062, 0.05229749442130495, -0.12758553094636738, 0.11411903673008586, 0.26591022754234545, 0.2042431516332154, 0.2672714399948214, -0.36609106828305565, -0.15818960912750638, 0.2295261397016015, 0.08026781088013328, 0.08899830032030141, -0.02622223314907653, -0.19855918848280157, 0.1689454346092083, -0.18156245213755395, -0.11008743359968903, -0.01989796743571256, 0.0567533162872443, -0.02704529474709141, -0.27580952093926037, 0.00359804055285954, 0.08231121840562379, 0.12348397149380004, -0.01608517216623164, -0.15199399128388824, -0.013843581007186617, 0.05520301668255935, 0.04285554036895713, 0.05842780279456062, 0.04860349250054824, -0.0833805204798164, -0.13976539115766795, 0.35192742022905454, -0.05973739157973009, -0.19310669280756054, 0.1278091612470786, -0.13615943423964166, -0.10610737145637696, 0.10947639663609561, 0.11656735861527451, 0.1250360929891153, -0.0006789002734958456, 0.12554988165561298, -0.21053234344411098, 0.18364492435207108, 0.11600346430047845, -0.018854039982798394, 0.1719257856478517, 0.06548373928565658, 0.1582827573443313, 0.12260798943684216, 0.00759921242022531, -0.028242885417650253, -0.3177797463042348, -0.15190350435925334, -0.2045777484962947, 0.10925412879147556, -0.16656949638969165, -0.1535282087187921, 0.45685842781840413, 0.1350288543839719, 0.22994587941911449, 0.13623284562255433, 0.23236633165415083, 0.0747364819183255, 0.09276067539840267, 0.07250540379141823, 0.1394892707813709, 0.19019506555940077, -0.012230123350072359, -0.11823370073022049, 0.06702120101806613, 0.15167386750847603]
708.1708
On the absence of a spiral magnetic order in Li2CuO2 with one-dimensional CuO2 ribbon chains
On the basis of first principles density functional theory electronic structure calculations as well as classical spin analysis, we explored why the magnetic oxide Li2CuO2, consisting of CuO2 ribbon chains made up of edge-sharing CuO4 squares, does not exhibit a spiral-magnetic order. Our work shows that, due to the next-nearest-neighbor interchain interactions, the observed collinear magnetic structure becomes only slightly less stable than the spin-spiral ground state, and many states become nearly degenerate in energy with the observed collinear structure. This suggests that the collinear magnetic structure of Li2CuO2 is a consequence of order-by-disorder induced by next-nearest-neighbor interchain interactions.
cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.mtrl-sci
on the basis of first principles density functional theory electronic structure calculations as well as classical spin analysis we explored why the magnetic oxide li2cuo2 consisting of cuo2 ribbon chains made up of edgesharing cuo4 squares does not exhibit a spiralmagnetic order our work shows that due to the nextnearestneighbor interchain interactions the observed collinear magnetic structure becomes only slightly less stable than the spinspiral ground state and many states become nearly degenerate in energy with the observed collinear structure this suggests that the collinear magnetic structure of li2cuo2 is a consequence of orderbydisorder induced by nextnearestneighbor interchain interactions
[['on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'first', 'principles', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'electronic', 'structure', 'calculations', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'classical', 'spin', 'analysis', 'we', 'explored', 'why', 'the', 'magnetic', 'oxide', 'li2cuo2', 'consisting', 'of', 'cuo2', 'ribbon', 'chains', 'made', 'up', 'of', 'edgesharing', 'cuo4', 'squares', 'does', 'not', 'exhibit', 'a', 'spiralmagnetic', 'order', 'our', 'work', 'shows', 'that', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'nextnearestneighbor', 'interchain', 'interactions', 'the', 'observed', 'collinear', 'magnetic', 'structure', 'becomes', 'only', 'slightly', 'less', 'stable', 'than', 'the', 'spinspiral', 'ground', 'state', 'and', 'many', 'states', 'become', 'nearly', 'degenerate', 'in', 'energy', 'with', 'the', 'observed', 'collinear', 'structure', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'collinear', 'magnetic', 'structure', 'of', 'li2cuo2', 'is', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'orderbydisorder', 'induced', 'by', 'nextnearestneighbor', 'interchain', 'interactions']]
[-0.22896249373253358, 0.21117527589287458, 0.002562902286905339, 0.09120991204542164, -0.051581053956582835, -0.09861433394823452, 0.04007419135435769, 0.4195178811609441, -0.2792299932334572, -0.27763125361228475, -0.010353693068597694, -0.31164450882648936, -0.14595731573027312, 0.1172701229355583, 0.13982300877533094, -0.043397783425313474, 0.012389956403295604, 0.006787245684512415, -0.09612335799718086, -0.19608446016280476, 0.2730208824588252, 0.017841001753980408, 0.28249344089049466, 0.06207572182697453, 0.024035609512570864, 0.06795960607254231, 0.15772005538361109, 0.042683859384257575, -0.12439087356933112, 0.09533971941576111, 0.23173644930618453, -0.11756135678222897, 0.18393968328672025, -0.463510461807327, -0.1759895478869427, 0.0021184742051575866, 0.16673710812073278, 0.14549808739684522, -0.011553050276623773, -0.26253148307548646, 0.03009405699843655, -0.18482302182011914, -0.1579286131998334, -0.15912302025612823, -0.0794347846614463, -0.03692761809584134, -0.22989202343754242, 0.1163176898939573, 0.12569643023343072, 0.10550997634494039, -0.08680690830687479, -0.1718034166224985, -0.13520329976359344, 0.026617636904120445, 0.08515921982755999, 0.0831781281776042, 0.11138192403168247, -0.09899866526081626, -0.14706991923193694, 0.3522088668898356, -0.009686504799085052, -0.08285215781165325, 0.16421141228828656, -0.17116792904978087, -0.15242080798144547, 0.18113730562736793, 0.04172349919812107, 0.09429983057708917, -0.1158317405782754, 0.10189544434162635, -0.008011670998174089, 0.23151158338545688, 0.030974026740889768, 0.05971137572992213, 0.21897334028902576, 0.1782841838929536, 0.07440625972290314, 0.13387604516797832, -0.09314826034646177, -0.15140052020492756, -0.18868071622006138, -0.11915473866143397, -0.21393308012831805, 0.08351590088464686, -0.059443753844510755, -0.2608890138015303, 0.38046221603278296, 0.10879645211686266, 0.19818615266216957, -0.07565089324204137, 0.2400509336279059, 0.023808005744619866, 0.10294733998099607, 0.043013053080209585, 0.26825804651562807, 0.22690208524712646, 0.05217121331477348, -0.2346009624437714, 0.10508845935632684, 0.0554530208060822]
708.1709
Radio detection of high-energy cosmic rays at the Pierre Auger Observatory
The southern Auger Observatory provides an excellent test bed to study the radio detection of extensive air showers as an alternative, cost-effective, and accurate tool for cosmic-ray physics. The data from the radio setup can be correlated with those from the well-calibrated baseline detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, human-induced radio noise levels at the southern Auger site are relatively low. We have started an R&D program to test various radio-detection concepts. Our studies will reveal Radio Frequency Interferences (RFI) caused by natural effects such as day-night variations, thunderstorms, and by human-made disturbances. These RFI studies are conducted to optimise detection parameters such as antenna design, frequency interval, antenna spacing and signal processing. The data from our initial setups, which presently consist of typically 3 - 4 antennas, will be used to characterise the shower from radio signals and to optimise the initial concepts. Furthermore, the operation of a large detection array requires autonomous detector stations. The current design is aiming at stations with antennas for two polarisations, solar power, wireless communication, and local trigger logic. The results of this initial phase will provide an important stepping stone for the design of a few tens kilometers square engineering array
astro-ph
the southern auger observatory provides an excellent test bed to study the radio detection of extensive air showers as an alternative costeffective and accurate tool for cosmicray physics the data from the radio setup can be correlated with those from the wellcalibrated baseline detectors of the pierre auger observatory furthermore humaninduced radio noise levels at the southern auger site are relatively low we have started an rd program to test various radiodetection concepts our studies will reveal radio frequency interferences rfi caused by natural effects such as daynight variations thunderstorms and by humanmade disturbances these rfi studies are conducted to optimise detection parameters such as antenna design frequency interval antenna spacing and signal processing the data from our initial setups which presently consist of typically 3 4 antennas will be used to characterise the shower from radio signals and to optimise the initial concepts furthermore the operation of a large detection array requires autonomous detector stations the current design is aiming at stations with antennas for two polarisations solar power wireless communication and local trigger logic the results of this initial phase will provide an important stepping stone for the design of a few tens kilometers square engineering array
[['the', 'southern', 'auger', 'observatory', 'provides', 'an', 'excellent', 'test', 'bed', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'radio', 'detection', 'of', 'extensive', 'air', 'showers', 'as', 'an', 'alternative', 'costeffective', 'and', 'accurate', 'tool', 'for', 'cosmicray', 'physics', 'the', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'radio', 'setup', 'can', 'be', 'correlated', 'with', 'those', 'from', 'the', 'wellcalibrated', 'baseline', 'detectors', 'of', 'the', 'pierre', 'auger', 'observatory', 'furthermore', 'humaninduced', 'radio', 'noise', 'levels', 'at', 'the', 'southern', 'auger', 'site', 'are', 'relatively', 'low', 'we', 'have', 'started', 'an', 'rd', 'program', 'to', 'test', 'various', 'radiodetection', 'concepts', 'our', 'studies', 'will', 'reveal', 'radio', 'frequency', 'interferences', 'rfi', 'caused', 'by', 'natural', 'effects', 'such', 'as', 'daynight', 'variations', 'thunderstorms', 'and', 'by', 'humanmade', 'disturbances', 'these', 'rfi', 'studies', 'are', 'conducted', 'to', 'optimise', 'detection', 'parameters', 'such', 'as', 'antenna', 'design', 'frequency', 'interval', 'antenna', 'spacing', 'and', 'signal', 'processing', 'the', 'data', 'from', 'our', 'initial', 'setups', 'which', 'presently', 'consist', 'of', 'typically', '3', '4', 'antennas', 'will', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'characterise', 'the', 'shower', 'from', 'radio', 'signals', 'and', 'to', 'optimise', 'the', 'initial', 'concepts', 'furthermore', 'the', 'operation', 'of', 'a', 'large', 'detection', 'array', 'requires', 'autonomous', 'detector', 'stations', 'the', 'current', 'design', 'is', 'aiming', 'at', 'stations', 'with', 'antennas', 'for', 'two', 'polarisations', 'solar', 'power', 'wireless', 'communication', 'and', 'local', 'trigger', 'logic', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'this', 'initial', 'phase', 'will', 'provide', 'an', 'important', 'stepping', 'stone', 'for', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'a', 'few', 'tens', 'kilometers', 'square', 'engineering', 'array']]
[-0.12680302716407868, 0.14928196840708954, -0.018125451782989743, 0.0794912201157027, -0.07705534890822917, -0.10092186738722887, 0.01085928470790199, 0.42069092383561424, -0.2042529188335204, -0.36927457115889045, 0.14543541320061415, -0.29278475798001913, -0.11525559620510543, 0.24603138179588482, -0.026438908195169877, 0.04044505671481602, 0.1269621057061469, -0.06974846895374054, -0.006782898420804933, -0.16556323859962752, 0.20079990395054634, 0.22901413040984442, 0.3025642181892912, 0.02451812516284835, 0.10008853992058817, -0.04266345656322475, -0.09009888920647527, -0.03462892946969699, -0.05165416476943872, 0.05167594146165978, 0.3768413775020171, 0.17809651613038913, 0.21845281165767105, -0.4693510104345167, -0.1918099481605424, 0.07844753955413666, 0.08853195590346154, 0.04031727120722527, -0.040914511690665054, -0.34908793459005244, 0.0473216084866368, -0.20240425506016432, -0.15181343428715688, 0.03193279003359415, -0.036039513293606926, 0.08272206771009644, -0.28368645834376166, -0.044283262603733706, -0.03657378892451712, 0.09369869280873269, -0.014452720930841961, -0.14401314104790214, 0.057135008269658866, 0.18136286076120844, 0.01479087809063307, 0.010337932892939328, 0.16437000869515928, -0.061902813614584766, -0.1364322441463925, 0.35150320703472626, -0.033649069424976016, -0.10696671601155558, 0.2133580200191606, -0.17415202648294667, -0.13872558576752192, 0.1797394120022093, 0.21875237946365797, 0.02853476584669034, -0.18319436465156025, -0.007597692858517853, 0.040882359682371715, 0.19349941176516777, 0.09282282069114846, 0.0793286167183451, 0.26035204920426347, 0.22787099037712544, 0.16567446666432722, 0.09968379237887978, -0.22615999224052843, 0.017228704960267974, -0.26108211348033344, -0.06720263671986092, -0.1749008733477331, 0.05065270385882775, -0.05404436239589827, -0.10295181178187146, 0.40447198412493435, 0.16017542245924174, 0.07914106645995761, 0.032008542105363656, 0.37250534171734623, 0.025614090907930317, 0.08084492584755971, 0.03491190856968488, 0.2604244067152288, 0.08066767753083165, 0.15955872636115245, -0.19934401143080177, 0.042256744007519144, -0.045316307124536694]
708.171
Formaldehyde as a Tracer of Extragalactic Molecular Gas I. Para-H_2CO Emission From M 82
Using the IRAM 30-m telescope and the 15-m JCMT, we explore the value of para-formaldehyde (p-H_2CO) as a tracer of density and temperature of the molecular gas in external galaxies. The target of our observations are the lobes of the molecular ring around the center of the nearby prototypical starburst galaxy M 82. It is shown that p-H_2CO provides one of the rare direct molecular thermometers. Reproducing the measured line intensities with a large velocity gradient (LVG) model, we find densities of n_H2 ~ 7 10^3 cm^-3 and kinetic temperatures of T_kin ~ 200 K. The derived kinetic temperature is significantly higher than the dust temperature or the temperature deduced from ammonia (NH_3) lines, but our results agree well with the properties of the high-excitation component seen in CO. We also present the serendipitous discovery of the 4_2 - 3_1 line of methanol (CH_3OH) in the northeastern lobe, which shows -- unlike CO and H_2CO -- significantly different line intensities in the two lobes.
astro-ph
using the iram 30m telescope and the 15m jcmt we explore the value of paraformaldehyde ph_2co as a tracer of density and temperature of the molecular gas in external galaxies the target of our observations are the lobes of the molecular ring around the center of the nearby prototypical starburst galaxy m 82 it is shown that ph_2co provides one of the rare direct molecular thermometers reproducing the measured line intensities with a large velocity gradient lvg model we find densities of n_h2 7 103 cm3 and kinetic temperatures of t_kin 200 k the derived kinetic temperature is significantly higher than the dust temperature or the temperature deduced from ammonia nh_3 lines but our results agree well with the properties of the highexcitation component seen in co we also present the serendipitous discovery of the 4_2 3_1 line of methanol ch_3oh in the northeastern lobe which shows unlike co and h_2co significantly different line intensities in the two lobes
[['using', 'the', 'iram', '30m', 'telescope', 'and', 'the', '15m', 'jcmt', 'we', 'explore', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'paraformaldehyde', 'ph_2co', 'as', 'a', 'tracer', 'of', 'density', 'and', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'molecular', 'gas', 'in', 'external', 'galaxies', 'the', 'target', 'of', 'our', 'observations', 'are', 'the', 'lobes', 'of', 'the', 'molecular', 'ring', 'around', 'the', 'center', 'of', 'the', 'nearby', 'prototypical', 'starburst', 'galaxy', 'm', '82', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'ph_2co', 'provides', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'rare', 'direct', 'molecular', 'thermometers', 'reproducing', 'the', 'measured', 'line', 'intensities', 'with', 'a', 'large', 'velocity', 'gradient', 'lvg', 'model', 'we', 'find', 'densities', 'of', 'n_h2', '7', '103', 'cm3', 'and', 'kinetic', 'temperatures', 'of', 't_kin', '200', 'k', 'the', 'derived', 'kinetic', 'temperature', 'is', 'significantly', 'higher', 'than', 'the', 'dust', 'temperature', 'or', 'the', 'temperature', 'deduced', 'from', 'ammonia', 'nh_3', 'lines', 'but', 'our', 'results', 'agree', 'well', 'with', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'highexcitation', 'component', 'seen', 'in', 'co', 'we', 'also', 'present', 'the', 'serendipitous', 'discovery', 'of', 'the', '4_2', '3_1', 'line', 'of', 'methanol', 'ch_3oh', 'in', 'the', 'northeastern', 'lobe', 'which', 'shows', 'unlike', 'co', 'and', 'h_2co', 'significantly', 'different', 'line', 'intensities', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'lobes']]
[-0.0693331793929544, 0.07901571529519118, -0.015206856641379543, 0.017514265354711022, -0.007004798510047437, -0.07078046729471886, 0.03514852351655469, 0.4461572839404052, -0.12718438472138988, -0.3076483327719682, 0.03562292773428493, -0.2698030283194293, 0.0015201094375817843, 0.15272536981153834, 0.08629225422598936, -0.07424949030479733, 0.00028587487209939734, -0.08508827315779614, -0.06219543729038944, -0.17458434049157226, 0.260834978342806, 0.11264350567578262, 0.20835967902050195, 0.054764169502605056, 0.07184146882661577, -0.18851278770609564, -0.05220200783432514, -0.02538501717876526, -0.15982893433989467, 0.06343175419723415, 0.2605025939007858, 0.06775471187963988, 0.16343780095636282, -0.3656668540722919, -0.22563653053575247, 0.045627054480144626, 0.13845576942494175, 0.05765528171162162, 0.0046863436974210184, -0.3078940781184806, 0.02103928387247073, -0.16653710288147927, -0.2039312682342979, 0.07931451878287836, 0.018815909673418826, 0.07955389268368294, -0.20650389949855563, 0.13771645141799888, -0.031097613152069128, 0.1395261581026533, -0.11753253138085253, -0.22742119624496163, -0.12656987425885838, 0.04041679588193367, -0.02454371426075861, 0.08040109880081138, 0.2546681667472684, -0.11278403708828413, -0.008138326274922246, 0.39358455425058053, -0.15012898062673946, 0.031442699002090305, 0.24994429584985026, -0.24198311783004342, -0.20472038443985177, 0.24985332223264584, 0.06506865143002767, 0.13632453837777553, -0.09422928166177429, 1.0142940442142247e-05, -0.07468616892364016, 0.21685944898522594, 0.05855368727630696, 0.03433629257815712, 0.25841242972023365, 0.07022046571547669, 0.039953555001140686, 0.15132319539310937, -0.29792894073322695, -0.08217237593090665, -0.21815802176108104, -0.16982236023517852, -0.1593993827832406, 0.07630113245913489, -0.11397585948016173, -0.07603101520605075, 0.305701857939386, 0.11359771036648385, 0.27124613735098096, 0.025099948371479393, 0.3197710290902628, 0.08033589742354369, 0.07799902868840797, 0.11963230203331958, 0.2660732186083102, 0.19789771572833167, 0.14561124570058576, -0.2675441486816619, 0.05348352432461842, 0.002873126807646041]
708.1711
Generators of simple Lie algebras in arbitrary characteristics
In this paper we study the minimal number of generators for simple Lie algebras in characteristic 0 or p > 3. We show that any such algebra can be generated by 2 elements. We also examine the 'one and a half generation' property, i.e. when every non-zero element can be completed to a generating pair. We show that classical simple algebras have this property, and that the only simple Cartan type algebras of type W which have this property are the Zassenhaus algebras.
math.RT math.AG math.RA
in this paper we study the minimal number of generators for simple lie algebras in characteristic 0 or p 3 we show that any such algebra can be generated by 2 elements we also examine the one and a half generation property ie when every nonzero element can be completed to a generating pair we show that classical simple algebras have this property and that the only simple cartan type algebras of type w which have this property are the zassenhaus algebras
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'minimal', 'number', 'of', 'generators', 'for', 'simple', 'lie', 'algebras', 'in', 'characteristic', '0', 'or', 'p', '3', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'any', 'such', 'algebra', 'can', 'be', 'generated', 'by', '2', 'elements', 'we', 'also', 'examine', 'the', 'one', 'and', 'a', 'half', 'generation', 'property', 'ie', 'when', 'every', 'nonzero', 'element', 'can', 'be', 'completed', 'to', 'a', 'generating', 'pair', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'classical', 'simple', 'algebras', 'have', 'this', 'property', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'only', 'simple', 'cartan', 'type', 'algebras', 'of', 'type', 'w', 'which', 'have', 'this', 'property', 'are', 'the', 'zassenhaus', 'algebras']]
[-0.13709813657375733, 0.13951007224528528, -0.04913851600594637, 0.05589885755425047, -0.1111838586157097, -0.1479383489321463, -0.036823306435707776, 0.39417659430537466, -0.36968431934691603, -0.21114952268260645, 0.13818280467417138, -0.2304664886352129, -0.16957545458486803, 0.18860705872350259, -0.09172246761182777, -0.08358551117182686, 0.0923011833233986, 0.12335450979085957, -0.11137151079559017, -0.2712117762463849, 0.38340899987691424, -0.061798018619145564, 0.2055618214171107, 0.009671147032527298, 0.09945995356069832, 0.009962156960150091, 0.023218562661829156, 0.054391403875609, -0.12422175672345032, 0.08039957186684193, 0.24398773246467476, 0.10319597719850518, 0.25575302761593244, -0.36659348465710956, -0.13757018181750913, 0.235745398725224, 0.15017171616938602, 0.08806224702999405, -0.10255966345189003, -0.18711603196655832, 0.2022757375976298, -0.23677652096375823, -0.1550990809152675, -0.05426072611518931, 0.0629590781996163, 0.001279182638405118, -0.27104631706890536, -0.0014787487853914726, 0.12337596520281784, 0.10534238508652623, -0.017450564714125927, -0.09245962028323514, -0.040714726510752995, 0.08958458106733416, -0.07386335186523998, -0.010325941055581518, 0.061428306497940115, -0.06956744605459546, -0.17548154411615985, 0.3547321153214065, -0.023392450354039307, -0.2351284324214226, 0.14963895742065933, -0.20307012647958245, -0.19581938650254616, 0.06093660990775722, 0.08264266265692508, 0.10879330998627333, -0.09624010000591558, 0.14968723725249264, -0.1233095050925707, 0.07931113786563822, 0.08003697272321982, 0.012002678582353926, 0.13079490803363847, 0.07796861516118686, 0.02030273906818432, 0.09755808763240077, 0.022641209340313585, 0.04028516817020207, -0.36571692001846867, -0.23325553070753813, -0.1355439043865062, 0.1216578887230376, -0.0751702000962701, -0.15003348264570643, 0.42363689049351505, 0.1363070354727381, 0.18521228712052107, 0.09036069934216623, 0.21013656145007145, 0.14269267557552312, 0.1497286784848789, 0.07654833531279753, 0.17183270483141447, 0.14168596788161866, -0.023886944417182993, -0.1367668616982949, -0.002394899714556409, 0.16635064581954262]
708.1712
Collective Excitations Spectrum in Density Modulated One-Dimensional Electron Gas in a Magnetic Field
We determine the collective excitations spectrum and discuss the numerical results for a parabolically confined density modulated quasi-one dimensional electron gas (1DEG) in the presence of an external magnetic field. We derive the inter-and intra-band magnetoplasmon spectrum within the Self Consistent Field (SCF) approach. In this work we focus on magnetoplasmon oscillations in this system and as such results are presented for the intra-Landau-band magnetoplasmon spectrum that exhibits oscillatory behavior, these oscillations are not with constant period in 1/B and are significantly effected at low B and corresponding high 1/B.
cond-mat.mes-hall
we determine the collective excitations spectrum and discuss the numerical results for a parabolically confined density modulated quasione dimensional electron gas 1deg in the presence of an external magnetic field we derive the interand intraband magnetoplasmon spectrum within the self consistent field scf approach in this work we focus on magnetoplasmon oscillations in this system and as such results are presented for the intralandauband magnetoplasmon spectrum that exhibits oscillatory behavior these oscillations are not with constant period in 1b and are significantly effected at low b and corresponding high 1b
[['we', 'determine', 'the', 'collective', 'excitations', 'spectrum', 'and', 'discuss', 'the', 'numerical', 'results', 'for', 'a', 'parabolically', 'confined', 'density', 'modulated', 'quasione', 'dimensional', 'electron', 'gas', '1deg', 'in', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'an', 'external', 'magnetic', 'field', 'we', 'derive', 'the', 'interand', 'intraband', 'magnetoplasmon', 'spectrum', 'within', 'the', 'self', 'consistent', 'field', 'scf', 'approach', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'magnetoplasmon', 'oscillations', 'in', 'this', 'system', 'and', 'as', 'such', 'results', 'are', 'presented', 'for', 'the', 'intralandauband', 'magnetoplasmon', 'spectrum', 'that', 'exhibits', 'oscillatory', 'behavior', 'these', 'oscillations', 'are', 'not', 'with', 'constant', 'period', 'in', '1b', 'and', 'are', 'significantly', 'effected', 'at', 'low', 'b', 'and', 'corresponding', 'high', '1b']]
[-0.20992007955663008, 0.20882281103291056, -0.024639763864171174, 0.028785278205759823, 0.00027694384205258557, -0.11739347918062575, 0.006340647093020379, 0.3937331741054853, -0.21152136996647136, -0.262235519155446, 0.03309076195065346, -0.29166919062328006, -0.15233028165789114, 0.20722555530309264, 0.01646259707243492, -0.008189015400906404, 0.012376098433095548, 0.015241683147744172, -0.023286637640558182, -0.1403783793043759, 0.28646604479807947, 0.057899581051121154, 0.2947932443374561, 0.05550399762060907, 0.013696666010138062, 0.010133525643808147, 0.024024736005230807, 0.027776306179455586, -0.13625707902449197, 0.039793919544253084, 0.21223320248536764, -0.05406445538521641, 0.21134834970451064, -0.41696210329731304, -0.2018017427271439, 0.014891220225642125, 0.21173261899190646, 0.11133909525815397, -0.0525438525985616, -0.25964057836681603, 0.0445113748156776, -0.15388295773623717, -0.149695858411077, -0.10385609786543581, -0.005080480291508138, 0.02597716322634369, -0.25120427798376316, 0.1699957444953422, 0.03394957606991132, 0.10280748650224672, -0.15211479783368606, -0.10759107317749618, 0.0002768659291581975, 0.062108729903896646, 0.04886328010664632, 0.029242501438905794, 0.13795823466757107, -0.1098690988073132, -0.08540691071636199, 0.35016305674281384, -0.13839536846046233, -0.14672144713501137, 0.18650035974569618, -0.2437114060545961, -0.12306547116281258, 0.16362468134611846, 0.14635063574532978, 0.05903196394857433, -0.08603546775541165, 0.07781483320965586, -0.035008229456272806, 0.13910082758197354, 0.03497449283798536, 0.09152325054941078, 0.23814301465948423, 0.11418351718328065, 0.018817022688583367, 0.12812787109675508, -0.12953908736041436, -0.04982356215930647, -0.25706341290432544, -0.06662659537461069, -0.16522812112751933, 0.025551654696108823, -0.020289252563250353, -0.19227104708552362, 0.4352187549333192, 0.12611489459134947, 0.2019084995871203, -0.024787574111380512, 0.28097404618747535, 0.1987677972440401, 0.019957140036502903, 0.09834547232215603, 0.2629472776523067, 0.15750673754761615, 0.1189123989134613, -0.31932345326575967, -0.05715949620741109, 0.005196410513276027]
708.1713
Modeling the Fermi arc in underdoped cuprates
Angle resolved photoemission data in the pseudogap phase of underdoped cuprates have revealed the presence of a truncated Fermi surface consisting of Fermi arcs. We compare a number of proposed models for the arcs, and find that the one that best models the data is a d-wave energy gap with a lifetime broadening whose temperature dependence is suggestive of fluctuating pairs.
cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.str-el
angle resolved photoemission data in the pseudogap phase of underdoped cuprates have revealed the presence of a truncated fermi surface consisting of fermi arcs we compare a number of proposed models for the arcs and find that the one that best models the data is a dwave energy gap with a lifetime broadening whose temperature dependence is suggestive of fluctuating pairs
[['angle', 'resolved', 'photoemission', 'data', 'in', 'the', 'pseudogap', 'phase', 'of', 'underdoped', 'cuprates', 'have', 'revealed', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'truncated', 'fermi', 'surface', 'consisting', 'of', 'fermi', 'arcs', 'we', 'compare', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'proposed', 'models', 'for', 'the', 'arcs', 'and', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'one', 'that', 'best', 'models', 'the', 'data', 'is', 'a', 'dwave', 'energy', 'gap', 'with', 'a', 'lifetime', 'broadening', 'whose', 'temperature', 'dependence', 'is', 'suggestive', 'of', 'fluctuating', 'pairs']]
[-0.20595974191168293, 0.1643270587598233, -0.09935728546812153, 0.0631925746622938, -0.06147543099693588, -0.1173789905017761, 0.11033791819106421, 0.34850005629915193, -0.22864671396549607, -0.31272773701147955, -0.02786024119590455, -0.3861312239934675, -0.06677891878930271, 0.1777060378207367, 0.031153736071142017, 0.020837866220256834, 0.020059600670928837, -0.02952538233738942, -0.14947743198574812, -0.21359227649623252, 0.38996984115725414, 0.03378644741338785, 0.2962646726824221, 0.08272997828841698, 0.04304520178540442, -0.023208782095920113, 0.07336781437310283, 0.05310957588743968, -0.12123136214084626, 0.059085034902711386, 0.28582489181113846, -0.06612712079201077, 0.19376820622042554, -0.38323130330345667, -0.2681071445437484, 0.0357027078184803, 0.11930748948552569, 0.09166834347301209, -0.051544182218199015, -0.24784104330617873, -0.030991184780923803, -0.14737619850860878, -0.16616768529829493, -0.06538430157071742, 0.0010170446800403907, -0.003930626711884483, -0.20392229584366328, 0.13773755376517285, 0.01637399091278432, 0.06791893557691184, -0.10919533131002891, -0.09822277944596088, -0.09272497582447822, 0.00696916843871357, 0.06804475233294681, 0.08426105153945382, 0.06959573448956256, -0.13512284259815685, -0.11891295781481218, 0.31488467071999293, -0.06957092214963537, -0.0709292431186396, 0.13339494092420476, -0.2150182457350683, -0.08659422338069951, 0.20369038822465255, 0.08376766023699378, 0.06853658804044005, -0.09326550011240618, 0.061466300233122204, -0.11518231040004213, 0.21910448598324275, 0.02327848074682912, 0.07229510758866052, 0.2991637270744951, 0.24453687335013366, 0.013504347515857367, 0.11925975135603889, -0.23674095353897906, -0.016045519685158965, -0.25743739203107163, -0.10629558568576077, -0.24975907982739268, -0.013141229981556535, -0.0350452819226031, -0.20757985238718693, 0.4348855901082031, 0.12280604932609884, 0.3170178001288508, -0.019801540346052804, 0.24827045872502151, 0.08959454156030885, 0.08299236132412172, 0.13494947331301013, 0.21572172946342436, 0.0911776322230208, 0.054849688711835716, -0.3208799784025941, 0.08861840515708566, -0.0241468610761107]
708.1714
Weighted projective spaces and minimal nilpotent orbits
We investigate (twisted) rings of differential operators on the resolution of singularities of a particular irreducible component of the (Zarisky) closure of the minimal orbit $\bar O_{\mathrm{min}}$ of $\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}$, intersected with the Borel subalgebra $\mathfrak n_+$ of $\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}$, using toric geometry and show that they are homomorphic images of a subalgebra of the Universal Enveloping Algebra (UEA) of $\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}$, which contains the maximal parabolic subalgebra $\mathfrak p$ determining the minimal nilpotent orbit. Further, using Fourier transforms on Weyl algebras, we show that (twisted) rings of well-suited weighted projective spaces are obtained from the same subalgebra. Finally, investigating this subalgebra from the representation-theoretical point of view, we find new primitive ideals and rediscover old ones for the UEA of $\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}$ coming from the aforementioned resolution of singularities.
math.RA math.AG
we investigate twisted rings of differential operators on the resolution of singularities of a particular irreducible component of the zarisky closure of the minimal orbit bar o_mathrmmin of mathfraksp_2n intersected with the borel subalgebra mathfrak n_ of mathfraksp_2n using toric geometry and show that they are homomorphic images of a subalgebra of the universal enveloping algebra uea of mathfraksp_2n which contains the maximal parabolic subalgebra mathfrak p determining the minimal nilpotent orbit further using fourier transforms on weyl algebras we show that twisted rings of wellsuited weighted projective spaces are obtained from the same subalgebra finally investigating this subalgebra from the representationtheoretical point of view we find new primitive ideals and rediscover old ones for the uea of mathfraksp_2n coming from the aforementioned resolution of singularities
[['we', 'investigate', 'twisted', 'rings', 'of', 'differential', 'operators', 'on', 'the', 'resolution', 'of', 'singularities', 'of', 'a', 'particular', 'irreducible', 'component', 'of', 'the', 'zarisky', 'closure', 'of', 'the', 'minimal', 'orbit', 'bar', 'o_mathrmmin', 'of', 'mathfraksp_2n', 'intersected', 'with', 'the', 'borel', 'subalgebra', 'mathfrak', 'n_', 'of', 'mathfraksp_2n', 'using', 'toric', 'geometry', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'they', 'are', 'homomorphic', 'images', 'of', 'a', 'subalgebra', 'of', 'the', 'universal', 'enveloping', 'algebra', 'uea', 'of', 'mathfraksp_2n', 'which', 'contains', 'the', 'maximal', 'parabolic', 'subalgebra', 'mathfrak', 'p', 'determining', 'the', 'minimal', 'nilpotent', 'orbit', 'further', 'using', 'fourier', 'transforms', 'on', 'weyl', 'algebras', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'twisted', 'rings', 'of', 'wellsuited', 'weighted', 'projective', 'spaces', 'are', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'same', 'subalgebra', 'finally', 'investigating', 'this', 'subalgebra', 'from', 'the', 'representationtheoretical', 'point', 'of', 'view', 'we', 'find', 'new', 'primitive', 'ideals', 'and', 'rediscover', 'old', 'ones', 'for', 'the', 'uea', 'of', 'mathfraksp_2n', 'coming', 'from', 'the', 'aforementioned', 'resolution', 'of', 'singularities']]
[-0.1842554614909726, 0.020465076037923056, -0.08376880107661251, 0.04080955286750753, -0.10697098092947033, -0.11493310399475645, -0.04856313903602298, 0.31921349173472796, -0.37643699885391796, -0.13869111661295422, 0.13404027838259935, -0.2607934452816615, -0.0805131076209125, 0.21632482021375268, -0.16140308748877255, -0.004014537104817688, 0.09447693356169559, 0.10208083612111504, -0.15733014569392612, -0.22541669259977634, 0.4734824172709687, -0.033905893226428965, 0.20435733265686232, -0.030944914083744657, 0.12957402114893812, 0.0035344256187376916, -0.03863367734507459, -0.015991580869132258, -0.16075544273082384, 0.13329919491757136, 0.25764160286864174, 0.07777578459258695, 0.14861899381217195, -0.366263189017162, -0.06247854241948636, 0.17522782967120532, 0.18360182662021185, -0.022298991845226008, -0.033610761673266036, -0.27782477642272096, 0.11590760539392711, -0.20227329234867433, -0.17816055148504065, -0.060984102904140094, 0.06989736808368509, -0.011250750112087756, -0.23386093246231435, 0.019243038309066266, 0.09083617448073919, 0.16965726527125866, -0.06744263615253092, -0.11645816550477976, -0.13131660894780864, 0.05316325044259429, -0.0909207221998482, -0.00481904649889463, 0.121082449244091, -0.10342690127221371, -0.14932203450102788, 0.3793643892544215, -0.009668779197305471, -0.1865080599062389, 0.10771713870745457, -0.28100117384532436, -0.15304809474371006, 0.1155026883791491, 0.04302164988561732, 0.14939922764591995, -0.009701322420637627, 0.22554116163948612, -0.18357892386370994, 0.0034879660279180883, 0.10178770935620929, 0.035414376418243666, 0.17555738277432745, 0.08906563047556298, 0.03170439606669863, 0.12264203463421493, -0.0034765574401702548, 0.014742680999438935, -0.4000563697248209, -0.18784694336583746, -0.0889085735705849, 0.14889784729428834, -0.10749304839996736, -0.17932643052705824, 0.428484604739752, 0.11592541418236788, 0.19806074074729055, 0.08174716432475805, 0.19903196301311255, 0.06041858383439115, 0.1383619804935316, 0.06052823169571996, 0.13591904748139566, 0.24417480066815606, -0.0740386134330336, -0.19961868151144477, -0.09803696560719219, 0.21899868827694874]
708.1715
On the Structure of General Mean-Variance Hedging Strategies
We provide a new characterization of mean-variance hedging strategies in a general semimartingale market. The key point is the introduction of a new probability measure $P^{\star}$ which turns the dynamic asset allocation problem into a myopic one. The minimal martingale measure relative to $P^{\star}$ coincides with the variance-optimal martingale measure relative to the original probability measure $P$.
q-fin.PM math.PR
we provide a new characterization of meanvariance hedging strategies in a general semimartingale market the key point is the introduction of a new probability measure pstar which turns the dynamic asset allocation problem into a myopic one the minimal martingale measure relative to pstar coincides with the varianceoptimal martingale measure relative to the original probability measure p
[['we', 'provide', 'a', 'new', 'characterization', 'of', 'meanvariance', 'hedging', 'strategies', 'in', 'a', 'general', 'semimartingale', 'market', 'the', 'key', 'point', 'is', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'a', 'new', 'probability', 'measure', 'pstar', 'which', 'turns', 'the', 'dynamic', 'asset', 'allocation', 'problem', 'into', 'a', 'myopic', 'one', 'the', 'minimal', 'martingale', 'measure', 'relative', 'to', 'pstar', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'varianceoptimal', 'martingale', 'measure', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'original', 'probability', 'measure', 'p']]
[-0.1081613240877918, 0.022768157240199417, -0.18682991183902087, 0.14861609376027463, -0.092908725011767, -0.18194852367435632, 0.17182057577985943, 0.36313144840594186, -0.3610289826531682, -0.15077016286637732, 0.12980464401270933, -0.250366372889594, -0.08238877956510375, 0.12036476666597944, -0.24169581618748212, 0.05509004130828799, -0.01938450228618948, 0.018080966723286303, 0.010352156925619695, -0.22190312341901294, 0.29417765076811375, 0.06316715037744296, 0.32056702974072676, 0.02502139904454612, 0.1594627931583346, 0.015088341689031375, -0.07118521346465538, 0.00918617735110354, -0.22074612737796678, 0.14115367609019017, 0.2731858012103067, 0.12723077114736825, 0.40030700001015995, -0.3146581057328404, -0.11797118453276262, 0.20408232641618765, -0.01458813083407126, 0.003809211356973831, 0.016597559348794453, -0.27572833388439266, 0.03522425889151923, -0.15890557613027723, -0.13715436920654356, -0.052889578387533366, 0.022988693461867802, 0.015128618220618943, -0.36115490726865174, 0.032895492144713274, 0.058327763840983, -0.004854432188726047, -0.07765407704497002, -0.1375763859383337, 0.000702274538445891, 0.07623961304820943, 0.09098831683871124, 0.033020610953762866, 0.14554253745039827, -0.06472710416276466, -0.1941078439510117, 0.37351436434280977, -0.09818881009950449, -0.21792069151017227, 0.08820929198542185, -0.19666707574536926, -0.10161623554385937, 0.154460606720756, 0.13580166552575273, 0.08116483659761255, -0.21295661792126402, 0.08880444258255393, -0.0998216717128168, 0.12939513731480315, 0.04635410693784555, 0.05340697127496497, 0.17092348399915194, 0.1918566369792659, 0.2931081795770871, 0.14809283715460383, -0.055689129700655475, -0.18425897966351426, -0.307377892007169, -0.217589208872564, -0.16979532406191555, 0.10852925637900307, -0.19837883186706326, -0.1875147987483886, 0.37922052954111185, 0.1238282929223619, 0.11453338901986156, 0.14502962559600474, 0.23735819531506613, 0.19963692058400626, -0.09438128334167822, 0.035884925172451815, 0.11098420777635877, 0.10334423824883344, 0.0667530673049521, -0.19224777972129614, 0.1560077091286841, 0.07067239701976641]
708.1716
Age, metallicity and alpha-elements abundance in stellar population
We built modelled spectra of stellar population at high resolution and with variable alpha-elements enhancements. Analysing spectra of Galactic globular clusters we show that it is possible to derive reliably and efficiently [Mg/Fe] using spectra integrated along the line-of-sight. These detailed measurements open perspectives for investigating the enrichment process on galaxies and star clusters.
astro-ph
we built modelled spectra of stellar population at high resolution and with variable alphaelements enhancements analysing spectra of galactic globular clusters we show that it is possible to derive reliably and efficiently mgfe using spectra integrated along the lineofsight these detailed measurements open perspectives for investigating the enrichment process on galaxies and star clusters
[['we', 'built', 'modelled', 'spectra', 'of', 'stellar', 'population', 'at', 'high', 'resolution', 'and', 'with', 'variable', 'alphaelements', 'enhancements', 'analysing', 'spectra', 'of', 'galactic', 'globular', 'clusters', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'derive', 'reliably', 'and', 'efficiently', 'mgfe', 'using', 'spectra', 'integrated', 'along', 'the', 'lineofsight', 'these', 'detailed', 'measurements', 'open', 'perspectives', 'for', 'investigating', 'the', 'enrichment', 'process', 'on', 'galaxies', 'and', 'star', 'clusters']]
[-0.008503397504143693, 0.07653271080063725, -0.08099585006668887, 0.12730633274181688, -0.05868587550638175, -0.062250795136033384, 0.07387093392834584, 0.5123625212797412, -0.20016081103002997, -0.3916996222127367, -0.005662895204430377, -0.31443652795213795, 0.009248313610441983, 0.20800937957527046, -0.007122749264386517, -0.02217716712038964, 0.12544525174975948, -0.11970284081892008, -0.005344557805478366, -0.28412912630786497, 0.3358612036573942, 0.09500127051163602, 0.17806147942664446, -0.06240567395084158, 0.09016980634381373, -0.07837329372867113, -0.12360906361222819, 0.03904725819463945, -0.16698846889778873, 0.10391438489615987, 0.2749965325196239, 0.1774608539848554, 0.11458712650669946, -0.3484618494985625, -0.22588781482988485, 0.015972504409512988, 0.24813592416682728, 0.05177373669317199, -0.14301649525252827, -0.26511706142789787, 0.11317951030408342, -0.12061563448083622, -0.2094163112859759, -0.007500120800816351, 0.01620364216742692, 0.053548165920397475, -0.21370753514821883, 0.13473323285924615, -0.04538027245413374, 0.16140171433626502, -0.11574420263921772, -0.1351700470506869, -0.05590013745111517, 0.12855162844061852, -0.044801863881056544, -0.012069489170917895, 0.20817026307944347, -0.06802101023667664, -0.015489995617557454, 0.3711940501989038, -0.1152107442677435, 0.002270906603101779, 0.2283951056672743, -0.22267233526886063, -0.24241239430934744, 0.048058954895370536, 0.20051347343596043, 0.11463665917377781, -0.20935707017606883, -0.004308049759991398, 0.03454259267352797, 0.20025652260368657, 0.050068306184753227, 0.06661554889029099, 0.2933247530212005, 0.11733748387821295, 0.012851188338741108, 0.05849783412284321, -0.2049049783575659, -0.03923955789219623, -0.18061353491308788, -0.11165389592793805, -0.0761730931699276, 0.08176408340309367, -0.14347833951992303, -0.1092883462271722, 0.32042547032513, 0.088908088854859, 0.24358351234156914, 0.04826111324062502, 0.30239107328708525, 0.12030128872289357, 0.09743974749343814, 0.1218776296634503, 0.20837663502121964, 0.2337744833763551, 0.07984376354444842, -0.25790420854981577, 0.07704309873386389, -0.05068571358505222]
708.1717
Energy conservation and scaling violations in particle production
We use a simple Colour Glass Condensate/String Percolation Model argument to show the existence, due to energy conservation, of bounds to the violation of Feynman scaling and limiting fragmentation.
hep-ph nucl-th
we use a simple colour glass condensatestring percolation model argument to show the existence due to energy conservation of bounds to the violation of feynman scaling and limiting fragmentation
[['we', 'use', 'a', 'simple', 'colour', 'glass', 'condensatestring', 'percolation', 'model', 'argument', 'to', 'show', 'the', 'existence', 'due', 'to', 'energy', 'conservation', 'of', 'bounds', 'to', 'the', 'violation', 'of', 'feynman', 'scaling', 'and', 'limiting', 'fragmentation']]
[-0.06207818644387381, 0.14852374940112764, -0.15696049233831996, 0.14142648350181325, -0.11308089264535479, -0.10508330859842577, 0.1321093916360821, 0.31899348945756045, -0.19014341427412415, -0.31710624255772146, 0.044764648973276575, -0.25896364916116, -0.11412734405270644, 0.07000151049578562, -0.052112373689721735, 0.08854182460345328, -0.006147179885634354, -0.046573137398809195, -0.05296561690712614, -0.19273788254109345, 0.31127712968736887, -0.0037712319088833673, 0.3205937445163727, 0.20811131856005108, 0.06025790865533054, 0.017284400436827645, -0.0031459114647337367, 0.012344237599921013, -0.23497752659854346, 0.06276537288379457, 0.12395251195994206, 0.07103604064988238, 0.17798194395644323, -0.3744559745869732, -0.1550078267963337, 0.17377149729457284, 0.1248324575301792, 0.1342908265069127, -0.016878382602174367, -0.2266382331560765, 0.03359116038440594, -0.181134674032884, -0.23531367975686276, -0.10909280074494225, 0.02805919905326196, 0.02583002734796277, -0.299127629758524, 0.12511227299858416, 0.09390214990292277, 0.0033444225721593413, -0.019124822558036873, -0.03202234617700534, -0.037240005538998436, 0.05788484120941056, 0.08836628868760142, -0.019001929920965006, 0.14092557519740825, -0.18607362153540766, -0.16282559924625925, 0.3893136862399323, -0.00911451964306512, -0.16388052269550307, 0.197310927673243, -0.17622143515784824, -0.17007692733646504, 0.10271913983992167, 0.1442460422570418, 0.062218316980371516, -0.1746597457677126, 0.029859047181422023, -0.008418286751423563, 0.11281826167500444, 0.09861641939330314, 0.015172821785589414, 0.14148841718477861, 0.17684580445555703, 0.06638837103465837, 0.16227154300681182, -0.06806315049262983, -0.15689882902162416, -0.38363841362297535, -0.12933519003646715, -0.2233587641801153, 0.12600910603734, -0.1831974754204566, -0.19622230958443002, 0.3343363530667765, 0.1976854934889291, 0.20195212717434124, 0.15507088744613742, 0.2602968674618751, 0.16910945720571494, 0.11842046433594078, 0.0584488050413451, 0.24088661688646035, 0.21400244148182018, 0.0942877079360187, -0.23153317014553718, 0.014423808548599482, 0.16097452877355473]
708.1718
Dynamics of Jackson networks: perturbation theory
We introduce a new formalism for dealing with networks of queues. The formalism is based on the Doi-Peliti second quantization method for reaction diffusion systems. As a demonstration of the method's utility we compute perturbatively the different time busy-busy correlations between two servers in a Jackson network.
math.PR
we introduce a new formalism for dealing with networks of queues the formalism is based on the doipeliti second quantization method for reaction diffusion systems as a demonstration of the methods utility we compute perturbatively the different time busybusy correlations between two servers in a jackson network
[['we', 'introduce', 'a', 'new', 'formalism', 'for', 'dealing', 'with', 'networks', 'of', 'queues', 'the', 'formalism', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'doipeliti', 'second', 'quantization', 'method', 'for', 'reaction', 'diffusion', 'systems', 'as', 'a', 'demonstration', 'of', 'the', 'methods', 'utility', 'we', 'compute', 'perturbatively', 'the', 'different', 'time', 'busybusy', 'correlations', 'between', 'two', 'servers', 'in', 'a', 'jackson', 'network']]
[-0.17462356982793173, 0.03957772720605135, -0.1072697598827527, 0.08363977581535911, -0.009774613113183043, -0.16367438772652784, 0.05542589765062313, 0.3680346755351385, -0.24395965296856087, -0.2529715629618453, 0.012958839077644212, -0.25611504458862805, -0.1879413768892055, 0.18242140859365463, -0.04396428607161278, 0.06619786616900693, 0.06638575917231324, 0.03625556235404118, -0.059319372673559446, -0.2195912722002148, 0.37998040484102524, 0.02026280115166193, 0.28028495978240087, 0.054380735989821995, 0.14424664146550323, 0.039155737456420196, -0.02145238991057419, 0.009844768040752768, -0.08835097924684701, 0.14483464356390355, 0.23136571715788348, 0.09662861582499159, 0.31612958637592586, -0.44228783901780844, -0.2229262247843587, 0.05217924335485567, 0.10056702055684898, 0.1723629118743069, 0.00854841723744555, -0.2597699186400227, 0.037290376206131085, -0.24833405005705098, -0.057225172352248235, -0.11400000931209196, 0.008925940072082954, 0.042331368662416935, -0.2757294024745731, 0.032127301826182265, -0.010783831345970217, 0.008296957077539486, -0.07276879545521375, -0.08203972910490373, 0.04251265209978041, 0.1528615171150507, -0.0011814555163373766, -0.028989514008888207, 0.08703352602036751, -0.07372901598801432, -0.19530800857540706, 0.3727517862115865, -0.08136882983229082, -0.24350011186755222, 0.1301690856774297, -0.04137829768106989, -0.2065256928174716, 0.05527424891276852, 0.22125494885055916, 0.19471910288152489, -0.23031831204729236, 0.03802760104324831, 0.007971817931241316, 0.11283645337528508, 0.05803733138853441, 0.019773850824845875, 0.11073509320292783, 0.23920884768923986, 0.05338386261997664, 0.16014887920945234, -0.09665594620468176, -0.17205212572994438, -0.30943194333382923, -0.19337373900966864, -0.23773260544175687, 0.03649803472723326, -0.09797175003863547, -0.1529383111704627, 0.37559511591477884, 0.16899233978525127, 0.19413692066850868, 0.1545437514407398, 0.3365782483217671, 0.14771974205960642, 0.06580880213447887, 0.07925699148124651, 0.14201763466648434, 0.15757099012641804, 0.17342525039313603, -0.1953063017603911, 0.07003089794686632, 0.12147350272204241]
708.1719
Characters of the Unitarizable Highest Weight Modules over the N=2 Superconformal Algebras
The characters of the unitarizable highest weight modules over the N=2 superconformal algebras are presented. This is a slightly extended version of an Encyclopedia entry.
hep-th math-ph math.MP math.QA math.RT
the characters of the unitarizable highest weight modules over the n2 superconformal algebras are presented this is a slightly extended version of an encyclopedia entry
[['the', 'characters', 'of', 'the', 'unitarizable', 'highest', 'weight', 'modules', 'over', 'the', 'n2', 'superconformal', 'algebras', 'are', 'presented', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'slightly', 'extended', 'version', 'of', 'an', 'encyclopedia', 'entry']]
[-0.154086850322783, 0.11315681982552633, -0.03826537221670151, 0.020427778884768485, -0.04066557444632053, -0.14040510876104237, -0.10225287768989802, 0.3293537774682045, -0.3040188445150852, -0.20913692332804204, 0.13447440400719643, -0.3023569945991039, -0.15109277233481408, 0.11638338666409254, -0.12094267401844264, -0.09907165054231883, 0.08942432429641485, 0.1737482138350606, -0.07639484584331513, -0.3967526875436306, 0.3138876925781369, 0.10436350504867732, 0.23245245061814784, -0.0376763455895707, 0.056496004033833744, 0.03633262509480119, -0.012168501541018485, -0.11073795914649963, -0.11515790730714798, 0.24744668040424586, 0.3523812887072563, 0.06825405843555928, 0.2001031518727541, -0.3033935347944498, -0.05481121964752674, 0.12666282314807176, 0.18647233778610825, 0.06932798936963082, 0.016004185602068902, -0.2177996900677681, 0.06827020827680826, -0.282881333231926, -0.11438140254467725, 0.04129380196332932, 0.08617357444018126, -0.08565668053925038, -0.23229829963296653, -0.008294348455965519, 0.05717328239232302, 0.18109460920095444, -0.14846991850063204, -0.2370382682979107, -0.06700113024562597, 0.08437441824004054, -0.07955620610155165, -0.003262890111654997, 0.08398889197036624, -0.21224922108463942, -0.18879123255610467, 0.3285730613768101, 0.0012916423752903938, -0.1960836073756218, 0.10644663289189339, -0.12662690963596104, -0.1756220624782145, 0.1698716926574707, -0.009097561258822679, 0.14965539544820786, -0.05267382457852363, 0.1620465839654207, -0.14759957566857337, 0.1422557359933853, 0.11308782184496521, -0.058629954680800435, 0.20639787306310609, 0.0761355646327138, 0.028159047067165374, 0.1998707227781415, 0.04527677513659, 0.013068451583385467, -0.37913926869630815, -0.2300432091904804, -0.15291203717701138, 0.05086533088237047, -0.12194076243788005, -0.1406764855235815, 0.48786405310034753, 0.10974077813327313, 0.15924327850341796, 0.1668151979148388, 0.12907626876607536, 0.13683959662914277, 0.18136202540248633, 0.05132760478183627, 0.08869905680418015, 0.2080319631844759, 0.06811032561119645, -0.08811560126021505, -0.04099941701046191, 0.21770614467561245]
708.172
On asymptotics of eigenvectors of large sample covariance matrix
Let \{$X_{ij}$\}, $i,j=...,$ be a double array of i.i.d. complex random variables with $EX_{11}=0,E|X_{11}|^2=1$ and $E|X_{11}|^4<\infty$, and let $A_n=\frac{1}{N}T_n^{{1}/{2}}X_nX_n^*T_n^{{1}/{2}}$, where $T_n^{{1}/{2}}$ is the square root of a nonnegative definite matrix $T_n$ and $X_n$ is the $n\times N$ matrix of the upper-left corner of the double array. The matrix $A_n$ can be considered as a sample covariance matrix of an i.i.d. sample from a population with mean zero and covariance matrix $T_n$, or as a multivariate $F$ matrix if $T_n$ is the inverse of another sample covariance matrix. To investigate the limiting behavior of the eigenvectors of $A_n$, a new form of empirical spectral distribution is defined with weights defined by eigenvectors and it is then shown that this has the same limiting spectral distribution as the empirical spectral distribution defined by equal weights. Moreover, if \{$X_{ij}$\} and $T_n$ are either real or complex and some additional moment assumptions are made then linear spectral statistics defined by the eigenvectors of $A_n$ are proved to have Gaussian limits, which suggests that the eigenvector matrix of $A_n$ is nearly Haar distributed when $T_n$ is a multiple of the identity matrix, an easy consequence for a Wishart matrix.
math.PR
let x_ij ij be a double array of iid complex random variables with ex_110ex_1121 and ex_114infty and let a_nfrac1nt_n12x_nx_nt_n12 where t_n12 is the square root of a nonnegative definite matrix t_n and x_n is the ntimes n matrix of the upperleft corner of the double array the matrix a_n can be considered as a sample covariance matrix of an iid sample from a population with mean zero and covariance matrix t_n or as a multivariate f matrix if t_n is the inverse of another sample covariance matrix to investigate the limiting behavior of the eigenvectors of a_n a new form of empirical spectral distribution is defined with weights defined by eigenvectors and it is then shown that this has the same limiting spectral distribution as the empirical spectral distribution defined by equal weights moreover if x_ij and t_n are either real or complex and some additional moment assumptions are made then linear spectral statistics defined by the eigenvectors of a_n are proved to have gaussian limits which suggests that the eigenvector matrix of a_n is nearly haar distributed when t_n is a multiple of the identity matrix an easy consequence for a wishart matrix
[['let', 'x_ij', 'ij', 'be', 'a', 'double', 'array', 'of', 'iid', 'complex', 'random', 'variables', 'with', 'ex_110ex_1121', 'and', 'ex_114infty', 'and', 'let', 'a_nfrac1nt_n12x_nx_nt_n12', 'where', 't_n12', 'is', 'the', 'square', 'root', 'of', 'a', 'nonnegative', 'definite', 'matrix', 't_n', 'and', 'x_n', 'is', 'the', 'ntimes', 'n', 'matrix', 'of', 'the', 'upperleft', 'corner', 'of', 'the', 'double', 'array', 'the', 'matrix', 'a_n', 'can', 'be', 'considered', 'as', 'a', 'sample', 'covariance', 'matrix', 'of', 'an', 'iid', 'sample', 'from', 'a', 'population', 'with', 'mean', 'zero', 'and', 'covariance', 'matrix', 't_n', 'or', 'as', 'a', 'multivariate', 'f', 'matrix', 'if', 't_n', 'is', 'the', 'inverse', 'of', 'another', 'sample', 'covariance', 'matrix', 'to', 'investigate', 'the', 'limiting', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'eigenvectors', 'of', 'a_n', 'a', 'new', 'form', 'of', 'empirical', 'spectral', 'distribution', 'is', 'defined', 'with', 'weights', 'defined', 'by', 'eigenvectors', 'and', 'it', 'is', 'then', 'shown', 'that', 'this', 'has', 'the', 'same', 'limiting', 'spectral', 'distribution', 'as', 'the', 'empirical', 'spectral', 'distribution', 'defined', 'by', 'equal', 'weights', 'moreover', 'if', 'x_ij', 'and', 't_n', 'are', 'either', 'real', 'or', 'complex', 'and', 'some', 'additional', 'moment', 'assumptions', 'are', 'made', 'then', 'linear', 'spectral', 'statistics', 'defined', 'by', 'the', 'eigenvectors', 'of', 'a_n', 'are', 'proved', 'to', 'have', 'gaussian', 'limits', 'which', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'eigenvector', 'matrix', 'of', 'a_n', 'is', 'nearly', 'haar', 'distributed', 'when', 't_n', 'is', 'a', 'multiple', 'of', 'the', 'identity', 'matrix', 'an', 'easy', 'consequence', 'for', 'a', 'wishart', 'matrix']]
[-0.09783387725321936, 0.16476412754184663, -0.06286974910997752, 0.011957354140248521, -0.04242753074870138, -0.15060524713169998, -0.00018008514301344285, 0.39587239142877895, -0.30821759803756993, -0.2000208528875739, 0.15298742902128717, -0.31448460039707066, -0.15587151273890004, 0.08691345454383817, -0.029429467195030593, 0.05587299466767002, 0.03640183249576241, 0.12327937252273423, -0.1120129296536611, -0.24894338921297596, 0.3188257636606001, 0.021024392054694172, 0.23204388920003208, -0.04877651173375176, 0.10286051168012633, 0.035929978810523816, -0.008329150196242863, -0.021112755896079877, -0.039861912100776394, 0.08309301961559548, 0.26046097641859534, 0.1357217318090703, 0.2704613261041841, -0.34225153286655036, -0.10581172397116403, 0.20142917771438498, 0.19788538968112535, -0.040546420071132634, 0.013309400397016427, -0.2590840253930207, 0.14242827738830283, -0.1382564600576593, -0.14836040652400925, -0.034578007614210794, 0.041428414504994585, 0.05645464411302816, -0.4157608574236797, 0.08115920227469574, 0.09876541933532394, 0.06818884778865344, 0.0361784461791827, -0.2508087620987552, 5.929707183809805e-05, 0.09390124348702314, 0.0367593549652737, -0.006532859047435965, 0.0877365030650615, -0.033025456001221434, -0.07501716881073739, 0.3154175880204165, -0.04627285329429969, -0.23422712161746947, 0.052441778073467664, -0.20284130315769328, -0.0854775481089384, 0.10980028640454469, 0.10887067405877547, 0.0870849784283726, -0.14585461152916473, 0.1656293780155875, -0.11077683408261906, 0.1550856785292869, 0.024485332752378044, -0.01051659387394942, 0.16040923320005662, 0.0695270316770388, 0.09890573298319667, 0.12954010541979907, -0.05369249925856035, -0.041460079611498495, -0.29347428042442825, -0.1364514604820358, -0.35157382493126765, 0.17784666341329627, -0.21637979336029603, -0.23718409289051876, 0.36685489602655136, 0.049842752156662146, 0.2771950870415888, 0.10384656989725102, 0.17956648175043896, 0.16225888771041544, 0.04502673292074216, 0.05435101000631121, 0.06174197787475645, 0.2761049590778113, 0.019852981170034766, -0.1674425439392241, 0.07603501499245303, 0.07225310755893588]
708.1721
Are the spectra of geometrical operators in Loop Quantum Gravity really discrete?
One of the celebrated results of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is the discreteness of the spectrum of geometrical operators such as length, area and volume operators. This is an indication that Planck scale geometry in LQG is discontinuous rather than smooth. However, there is no rigorous proof thereof at present, because the afore mentioned operators are not gauge invariant, they do not commute with the quantum constraints. The relational formalism in the incarnation of Rovelli's partial and complete observables provides a possible mechanism for turning a non gauge invariant operator into a gauge invariant one. In this paper we investigate whether the spectrum of such a physical, that is gauge invariant, observable can be predicted from the spectrum of the corresponding gauge variant observables. We will not do this in full LQG but rather consider much simpler examples where field theoretical complications are absent. We find, even in those simpler cases, that kinematical discreteness of the spectrum does not necessarily survive at the gauge invariant level. Whether or not this happens depends crucially on how the gauge invariant completion is performed. This indicates that ``fundamental discreteness at Planck scale in LQG'' is far from established. To prove it, one must provide the detailed construction of gauge invariant versions of geometrical operators.
gr-qc
one of the celebrated results of loop quantum gravity lqg is the discreteness of the spectrum of geometrical operators such as length area and volume operators this is an indication that planck scale geometry in lqg is discontinuous rather than smooth however there is no rigorous proof thereof at present because the afore mentioned operators are not gauge invariant they do not commute with the quantum constraints the relational formalism in the incarnation of rovellis partial and complete observables provides a possible mechanism for turning a non gauge invariant operator into a gauge invariant one in this paper we investigate whether the spectrum of such a physical that is gauge invariant observable can be predicted from the spectrum of the corresponding gauge variant observables we will not do this in full lqg but rather consider much simpler examples where field theoretical complications are absent we find even in those simpler cases that kinematical discreteness of the spectrum does not necessarily survive at the gauge invariant level whether or not this happens depends crucially on how the gauge invariant completion is performed this indicates that fundamental discreteness at planck scale in lqg is far from established to prove it one must provide the detailed construction of gauge invariant versions of geometrical operators
[['one', 'of', 'the', 'celebrated', 'results', 'of', 'loop', 'quantum', 'gravity', 'lqg', 'is', 'the', 'discreteness', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'geometrical', 'operators', 'such', 'as', 'length', 'area', 'and', 'volume', 'operators', 'this', 'is', 'an', 'indication', 'that', 'planck', 'scale', 'geometry', 'in', 'lqg', 'is', 'discontinuous', 'rather', 'than', 'smooth', 'however', 'there', 'is', 'no', 'rigorous', 'proof', 'thereof', 'at', 'present', 'because', 'the', 'afore', 'mentioned', 'operators', 'are', 'not', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'they', 'do', 'not', 'commute', 'with', 'the', 'quantum', 'constraints', 'the', 'relational', 'formalism', 'in', 'the', 'incarnation', 'of', 'rovellis', 'partial', 'and', 'complete', 'observables', 'provides', 'a', 'possible', 'mechanism', 'for', 'turning', 'a', 'non', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'operator', 'into', 'a', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'one', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'investigate', 'whether', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'such', 'a', 'physical', 'that', 'is', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'observable', 'can', 'be', 'predicted', 'from', 'the', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'corresponding', 'gauge', 'variant', 'observables', 'we', 'will', 'not', 'do', 'this', 'in', 'full', 'lqg', 'but', 'rather', 'consider', 'much', 'simpler', 'examples', 'where', 'field', 'theoretical', 'complications', 'are', 'absent', 'we', 'find', 'even', 'in', 'those', 'simpler', 'cases', 'that', 'kinematical', 'discreteness', 'of', 'the', 'spectrum', 'does', 'not', 'necessarily', 'survive', 'at', 'the', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'level', 'whether', 'or', 'not', 'this', 'happens', 'depends', 'crucially', 'on', 'how', 'the', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'completion', 'is', 'performed', 'this', 'indicates', 'that', 'fundamental', 'discreteness', 'at', 'planck', 'scale', 'in', 'lqg', 'is', 'far', 'from', 'established', 'to', 'prove', 'it', 'one', 'must', 'provide', 'the', 'detailed', 'construction', 'of', 'gauge', 'invariant', 'versions', 'of', 'geometrical', 'operators']]
[-0.13164939655110205, 0.17380806806579208, -0.13021879335556408, 0.145275186037786, -0.11654439955172946, -0.15190381185103083, -0.009051518691858162, 0.3328247882107988, -0.23766572265201624, -0.25973102062834663, 0.10181769990953683, -0.24003391456900613, -0.1369041083733688, 0.15724504048499097, -0.10144951687110544, 0.024219905039498592, 0.025152451842052254, 0.07463627984381492, -0.10457874014361218, -0.21908703026741355, 0.3610987849412177, 0.06099378449927301, 0.24107920442006034, 0.07171786517363872, 0.08856551590159324, 0.00022461095171587728, -0.05181980787299715, 0.02609158208504863, -0.1217599839521892, 0.05876606443490815, 0.22793183012719825, 0.09513736060838175, 0.20527758152705233, -0.39283761629057934, -0.19757037610132844, 0.12895068248636773, 0.1419933383136224, 0.13677430348868053, -0.0016521423562955093, -0.257037683447461, 0.06328370301074997, -0.11268636103944579, -0.13794083130144252, -0.07160900551406446, -0.02101454201156618, -0.11625816061115113, -0.2240889843098678, 0.08387319687632534, 0.09323575013092061, 0.07670911361233848, -0.020666885122400818, -0.06928992114773007, -0.04743694139741608, 0.09192155905275372, 0.04448305495950654, 0.028471108387644797, 0.1457718104958287, -0.11530947737766527, -0.11964999720061384, 0.4346699478122366, -0.03711460014261467, -0.2561895309183835, 0.17311635077379256, -0.1848190844840242, -0.20776696947637185, 0.08718101202755266, 0.09212152565271103, 0.1057552830150607, -0.13072013405760777, 0.18761442200461695, -0.07323180124719773, 0.1677771636783653, 0.03739570664745089, 0.10827016514853985, 0.20708981023492265, 0.07296304182277472, 0.12003151356668534, 0.0920363165555694, 0.03009753320167521, -0.14261675547941927, -0.3987927472139422, -0.11180933362859044, -0.1495814318890061, 0.1231373217384032, -0.04864685847567421, -0.18885751273836146, 0.3748730894989749, 0.15531811659926134, 0.18959558049825978, 0.0710242086132079, 0.2681807474877632, 0.13060927903279662, 0.11734177704384083, 0.05272255014513412, 0.2634830958501246, 0.09906242475558019, 0.06451335392552494, -0.18653307110181527, -0.0014643237034468006, 0.09682920535968978]
708.1722
Saffman-Taylor streamers: mutual finger interaction in an electric breakdown
Bunches of streamers form the early stages of sparks and lightning but theory presently concentrates on single streamers or on coarse approximations of whole breakdown trees. Here a periodic array of interacting streamer discharges in a strong homogeneous electric field is studied in PDE approximation in two dimensions. If the period of the streamer array is small enough, the streamers do not branch, but approach uniform translation. When the streamers are close to the branching regime, the enhanced field at the tip of the streamer is close to $2 E_{\infty}$, where $E_{\infty}$ is the homogeneous field applied between the electrodes. We discuss a moving boundary approximation to the set of PDEs. This moving boundary model turns out to be essentially the same as the one for two-fluid Hele-Shaw flows. In two dimensions, this model possesses a known analytical solution. The shape of the 2D interacting streamers in uniform motion obtained from the PDE simulations is actually well fitted by the analytically known ``selected Saffman-Taylor finger''. This finding helps to understand streamer interactions and raises new questions on the general theory of finger selection in moving boundary problems.
physics.plasm-ph physics.flu-dyn
bunches of streamers form the early stages of sparks and lightning but theory presently concentrates on single streamers or on coarse approximations of whole breakdown trees here a periodic array of interacting streamer discharges in a strong homogeneous electric field is studied in pde approximation in two dimensions if the period of the streamer array is small enough the streamers do not branch but approach uniform translation when the streamers are close to the branching regime the enhanced field at the tip of the streamer is close to 2 e_infty where e_infty is the homogeneous field applied between the electrodes we discuss a moving boundary approximation to the set of pdes this moving boundary model turns out to be essentially the same as the one for twofluid heleshaw flows in two dimensions this model possesses a known analytical solution the shape of the 2d interacting streamers in uniform motion obtained from the pde simulations is actually well fitted by the analytically known selected saffmantaylor finger this finding helps to understand streamer interactions and raises new questions on the general theory of finger selection in moving boundary problems
[['bunches', 'of', 'streamers', 'form', 'the', 'early', 'stages', 'of', 'sparks', 'and', 'lightning', 'but', 'theory', 'presently', 'concentrates', 'on', 'single', 'streamers', 'or', 'on', 'coarse', 'approximations', 'of', 'whole', 'breakdown', 'trees', 'here', 'a', 'periodic', 'array', 'of', 'interacting', 'streamer', 'discharges', 'in', 'a', 'strong', 'homogeneous', 'electric', 'field', 'is', 'studied', 'in', 'pde', 'approximation', 'in', 'two', 'dimensions', 'if', 'the', 'period', 'of', 'the', 'streamer', 'array', 'is', 'small', 'enough', 'the', 'streamers', 'do', 'not', 'branch', 'but', 'approach', 'uniform', 'translation', 'when', 'the', 'streamers', 'are', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'branching', 'regime', 'the', 'enhanced', 'field', 'at', 'the', 'tip', 'of', 'the', 'streamer', 'is', 'close', 'to', '2', 'e_infty', 'where', 'e_infty', 'is', 'the', 'homogeneous', 'field', 'applied', 'between', 'the', 'electrodes', 'we', 'discuss', 'a', 'moving', 'boundary', 'approximation', 'to', 'the', 'set', 'of', 'pdes', 'this', 'moving', 'boundary', 'model', 'turns', 'out', 'to', 'be', 'essentially', 'the', 'same', 'as', 'the', 'one', 'for', 'twofluid', 'heleshaw', 'flows', 'in', 'two', 'dimensions', 'this', 'model', 'possesses', 'a', 'known', 'analytical', 'solution', 'the', 'shape', 'of', 'the', '2d', 'interacting', 'streamers', 'in', 'uniform', 'motion', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'pde', 'simulations', 'is', 'actually', 'well', 'fitted', 'by', 'the', 'analytically', 'known', 'selected', 'saffmantaylor', 'finger', 'this', 'finding', 'helps', 'to', 'understand', 'streamer', 'interactions', 'and', 'raises', 'new', 'questions', 'on', 'the', 'general', 'theory', 'of', 'finger', 'selection', 'in', 'moving', 'boundary', 'problems']]
[-0.13538330028058942, 0.14042095424119325, -0.0608027685675795, 0.06306588728065518, -0.03872103355874751, -0.15521421961805082, 0.0033750972814203047, 0.3543953456602154, -0.2574039762226471, -0.2715223592564085, 0.09739304428504915, -0.24797970232464134, -0.1279805031353558, 0.15406106063974076, -0.049595283710442604, 0.013549794134170932, 0.055002223291897516, 0.041132005225408844, -0.009687670616104323, -0.2051768579786733, 0.281154593397405, 0.03670043662130673, 0.2556626283723044, 0.024693316727737214, 0.08541141760804476, -0.07812877435904535, 0.014101815940830906, 0.050073036550479455, -0.1304680435833606, 0.055437022010810716, 0.21389640845796642, 0.022370000064801325, 0.24892140936385343, -0.4712169756565024, -0.20093627106697165, 0.016527451818838794, 0.18789661587913206, 0.10431708704261856, -0.03586917784050067, -0.2618142428240156, 0.06799254516876715, -0.10184870768518356, -0.19788224929395845, 0.023013491903177717, 0.00973435579537648, 0.03874720369196711, -0.27091188786083203, 0.06890192727139967, 0.0605627252268331, 0.02640739497404924, -0.0947584874161026, -0.06089321785061097, 0.006565664474040589, 0.1229715901988815, 0.06515611405054435, 0.03703161042848512, 0.16014557927199466, -0.15384539043814702, -0.06326075754362472, 0.37639409647308253, -0.0504577418037237, -0.206301907662621, 0.2442688954244542, -0.22249486748338304, -0.08143412502094068, 0.183590289380247, 0.14845978619311662, 0.12057961132078567, -0.1325766365657801, 0.08244460573068815, -0.08256343395616063, 0.13766106451677287, 0.1341467608378971, -0.09158308437077907, 0.229333942863134, 0.1985361663572351, 0.07585646437212108, 0.14741047957282075, -0.0947741316656338, -0.11593624338368202, -0.29666257751258934, -0.1149813533489179, -0.12983475882002218, 0.050535238389113175, -0.07970005537512125, -0.24096049276743342, 0.38139583639686003, 0.12476739466419434, 0.1585706342858347, 0.016399993830146318, 0.2868431823621977, 0.0901509723010539, 0.03158019684271621, 0.09123609341397125, 0.24617979043900448, 0.1718333937852758, 0.12646528201820179, -0.1977420498176234, 0.02963021958376316, 0.09569801795819306]
708.1723
Hybrid Branching-Time Logics
Hybrid branching-time logics are introduced as extensions of CTL-like logics with state variables and the downarrow-binder. Following recent work in the linear framework, only logics with a single variable are considered. The expressive power and the complexity of satisfiability of the resulting logics is investigated. As main result, the satisfiability problem for the hybrid versions of several branching-time logics is proved to be 2EXPTIME-complete. These branching-time logics range from strict fragments of CTL to extensions of CTL that can talk about the past and express fairness-properties. The complexity gap relative to CTL is explained by a corresponding succinctness result. To prove the upper bound, the automata-theoretic approach to branching-time logics is extended to hybrid logics, showing that non-emptiness of alternating one-pebble Buchi tree automata is 2EXPTIME-complete.
cs.LO cs.CC
hybrid branchingtime logics are introduced as extensions of ctllike logics with state variables and the downarrowbinder following recent work in the linear framework only logics with a single variable are considered the expressive power and the complexity of satisfiability of the resulting logics is investigated as main result the satisfiability problem for the hybrid versions of several branchingtime logics is proved to be 2exptimecomplete these branchingtime logics range from strict fragments of ctl to extensions of ctl that can talk about the past and express fairnessproperties the complexity gap relative to ctl is explained by a corresponding succinctness result to prove the upper bound the automatatheoretic approach to branchingtime logics is extended to hybrid logics showing that nonemptiness of alternating onepebble buchi tree automata is 2exptimecomplete
[['hybrid', 'branchingtime', 'logics', 'are', 'introduced', 'as', 'extensions', 'of', 'ctllike', 'logics', 'with', 'state', 'variables', 'and', 'the', 'downarrowbinder', 'following', 'recent', 'work', 'in', 'the', 'linear', 'framework', 'only', 'logics', 'with', 'a', 'single', 'variable', 'are', 'considered', 'the', 'expressive', 'power', 'and', 'the', 'complexity', 'of', 'satisfiability', 'of', 'the', 'resulting', 'logics', 'is', 'investigated', 'as', 'main', 'result', 'the', 'satisfiability', 'problem', 'for', 'the', 'hybrid', 'versions', 'of', 'several', 'branchingtime', 'logics', 'is', 'proved', 'to', 'be', '2exptimecomplete', 'these', 'branchingtime', 'logics', 'range', 'from', 'strict', 'fragments', 'of', 'ctl', 'to', 'extensions', 'of', 'ctl', 'that', 'can', 'talk', 'about', 'the', 'past', 'and', 'express', 'fairnessproperties', 'the', 'complexity', 'gap', 'relative', 'to', 'ctl', 'is', 'explained', 'by', 'a', 'corresponding', 'succinctness', 'result', 'to', 'prove', 'the', 'upper', 'bound', 'the', 'automatatheoretic', 'approach', 'to', 'branchingtime', 'logics', 'is', 'extended', 'to', 'hybrid', 'logics', 'showing', 'that', 'nonemptiness', 'of', 'alternating', 'onepebble', 'buchi', 'tree', 'automata', 'is', '2exptimecomplete']]
[-0.0952892629429698, 0.06826864531431652, -0.08665290324124278, 0.16263591778177394, -0.1346773136002546, -0.16927019790669934, 0.07699771504467506, 0.3701569366757376, -0.35091734964202054, -0.3010857210448775, 0.09112156985506996, -0.2422802494686158, -0.03773380147262675, 0.16842201352119446, -0.16872460574491835, 0.11834031966377477, 0.025830716516853112, 0.07460082122353745, -0.030627909746234777, -0.24080388291861068, 0.2853466344188105, -0.03841634308461283, 0.1976487682979615, 0.05109757194906229, 0.06466447715800194, 0.03398029875300336, 0.041106616604890005, 0.10193233995423576, -0.08514881366350951, 0.13027940394612578, 0.37517347963923803, 0.27018197500108754, 0.2869882558426652, -0.3797431854229634, -0.17800313487293992, 0.11102515500664834, 0.09876976674184065, 0.0625570909211748, 0.05564724540788314, -0.3135213541233393, 0.10043563723629036, -0.2261886046741341, -0.04503121948800981, -0.08916501175673282, 0.055811835584597146, 0.0578556054989334, -0.2145717830786512, -0.028324220353378685, 0.23845685221147236, 0.07054835278326149, -0.048059799632088084, -0.13419262946155838, -0.009588902968852247, -0.0012893247815062765, -0.0003522781284953483, -0.03821797892985652, 0.06769026315496227, -0.07472154882843376, -0.27590155195383753, 0.3177530527969853, -0.036192849957857466, -0.14192582674507723, 0.16074026537272834, -0.06820207352169835, -0.18014707855429868, 0.09414439395711315, 0.059161480605892346, 0.1659150209400009, -0.13130945125289384, 0.1509511577500771, -0.09689022336521598, 0.2655317470026737, 0.14876712599891376, 0.11023705438558073, 0.12553494743865412, 0.23946983934586227, 0.023999206321008625, 0.21098239039410607, 0.09617206641018665, -0.16241485648406823, -0.24692299742953944, -0.1387522877570906, -0.023982406226960087, -0.10418032879796123, -0.03878314523601267, -0.17259273703637548, 0.37673899036694747, 0.15057288833367105, 0.09067953111161096, 0.28645725203219985, 0.3180931305386828, 0.16368971735842097, 0.06316320298117448, 0.01880176635993431, 0.16627242605461448, 0.20930591793769024, 0.0976171420245874, -0.19703781233382883, 0.12998447695185933, 0.11279265961579246]
708.1724
The ALFA Zone of Avoidance Survey: Results from the Precursor Observations
The Arecibo L-band Feed Array Zone of Avoidance Survey (ALFA ZOA) will map 1350-1800 square degrees at low Galactic latitude, providing HI spectra for galaxies in regions of the sky where our knowledge of local large scale structure remains incomplete, owing to obscuration from dust and high stellar confusion near the Galactic plane. Because of these effects, a substantial fraction of the galaxies detected in the survey will have no optical or infrared counterparts. However, near infrared follow up observations of ALFA ZOA sources found in regions of lowest obscuration could reveal whether some of these sources could be objects in which little or no star formation has taken place ("dark galaxies"). We present here the results of ALFA ZOA precursor observations on two patches of sky totaling 140 square degrees (near l=40 degrees, and l=192 degrees). We have measured HI parameters for detections from these observations, and cross-correlated with the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). A significant fraction of the objects have never been detected at any wavelength. For those galaxies that have been previously detected, a significant fraction have no previously known redshift, and no previous HI detection.
astro-ph
the arecibo lband feed array zone of avoidance survey alfa zoa will map 13501800 square degrees at low galactic latitude providing hi spectra for galaxies in regions of the sky where our knowledge of local large scale structure remains incomplete owing to obscuration from dust and high stellar confusion near the galactic plane because of these effects a substantial fraction of the galaxies detected in the survey will have no optical or infrared counterparts however near infrared follow up observations of alfa zoa sources found in regions of lowest obscuration could reveal whether some of these sources could be objects in which little or no star formation has taken place dark galaxies we present here the results of alfa zoa precursor observations on two patches of sky totaling 140 square degrees near l40 degrees and l192 degrees we have measured hi parameters for detections from these observations and crosscorrelated with the nasaipac extragalactic database ned a significant fraction of the objects have never been detected at any wavelength for those galaxies that have been previously detected a significant fraction have no previously known redshift and no previous hi detection
[['the', 'arecibo', 'lband', 'feed', 'array', 'zone', 'of', 'avoidance', 'survey', 'alfa', 'zoa', 'will', 'map', '13501800', 'square', 'degrees', 'at', 'low', 'galactic', 'latitude', 'providing', 'hi', 'spectra', 'for', 'galaxies', 'in', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'sky', 'where', 'our', 'knowledge', 'of', 'local', 'large', 'scale', 'structure', 'remains', 'incomplete', 'owing', 'to', 'obscuration', 'from', 'dust', 'and', 'high', 'stellar', 'confusion', 'near', 'the', 'galactic', 'plane', 'because', 'of', 'these', 'effects', 'a', 'substantial', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'galaxies', 'detected', 'in', 'the', 'survey', 'will', 'have', 'no', 'optical', 'or', 'infrared', 'counterparts', 'however', 'near', 'infrared', 'follow', 'up', 'observations', 'of', 'alfa', 'zoa', 'sources', 'found', 'in', 'regions', 'of', 'lowest', 'obscuration', 'could', 'reveal', 'whether', 'some', 'of', 'these', 'sources', 'could', 'be', 'objects', 'in', 'which', 'little', 'or', 'no', 'star', 'formation', 'has', 'taken', 'place', 'dark', 'galaxies', 'we', 'present', 'here', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'alfa', 'zoa', 'precursor', 'observations', 'on', 'two', 'patches', 'of', 'sky', 'totaling', '140', 'square', 'degrees', 'near', 'l40', 'degrees', 'and', 'l192', 'degrees', 'we', 'have', 'measured', 'hi', 'parameters', 'for', 'detections', 'from', 'these', 'observations', 'and', 'crosscorrelated', 'with', 'the', 'nasaipac', 'extragalactic', 'database', 'ned', 'a', 'significant', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'objects', 'have', 'never', 'been', 'detected', 'at', 'any', 'wavelength', 'for', 'those', 'galaxies', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'previously', 'detected', 'a', 'significant', 'fraction', 'have', 'no', 'previously', 'known', 'redshift', 'and', 'no', 'previous', 'hi', 'detection']]
[-0.08818497696143397, 0.0664816701814453, -0.03580909136539087, 0.053227993592798235, -0.12169971141562935, -0.01243391427573094, 0.06864942677759941, 0.4447268366100306, -0.12557984228453975, -0.3669967449844835, 0.11493734273801934, -0.3487780399142487, -0.027115722361486405, 0.18003622981462072, 0.003175737965416084, -0.043487171365067044, 0.04192588795248934, -0.10935285552082821, 3.6882289931143415e-05, -0.27944619491636136, 0.22946994341265886, 0.13376049805145235, 0.15929031478082564, -0.030488382390838988, 0.12603891066998799, -0.12533781860776722, -0.14965312057075666, -0.011754511433227503, -0.12629605465256047, -0.0023545399110050914, 0.3049410539344845, 0.12871708440658775, 0.198915909252506, -0.3576327101426556, -0.21438550610749169, 0.13792245567124833, 0.2232896229184104, 0.07287945535883525, -0.08322187647795641, -0.32507206480751966, 0.054322813353947105, -0.14231465423499493, -0.1834754614367526, 0.04714931106749684, 0.028407491983826014, 0.04608976012132963, -0.14953709294198408, 0.0955162574611406, 0.011865380358822803, 0.17053214854979856, -0.08170674641138596, -0.16455097428394205, -0.051830093422161536, 0.10734327741591458, -0.030768650045192383, 0.09679683575659316, 0.1668485483932408, -0.18662671009673082, -0.03522094238600248, 0.38104187089335567, -0.03190084603278244, 0.0001975051313143303, 0.2209555109581375, -0.2529831282333768, -0.20102933367238718, 0.23026475315898695, 0.2012083978086284, 0.06610030494382645, -0.17653281546099994, 0.034669863555655926, -0.061014203021570325, 0.23748662134513576, 0.10535292616739443, 0.12972156549407604, 0.3655305896846062, 0.03839646773152747, 0.0829671528202759, 0.09472312529799232, -0.3155040408031361, -0.010919990243410017, -0.234082327358068, -0.03694107063842858, -0.1332145709565474, 0.08094945406798829, -0.09084975682267117, -0.088437448651406, 0.31455006451405426, 0.11505410750582319, 0.20508985462390442, 0.05995394630132223, 0.31221397737402745, 0.013794254391464068, 0.18813630255890337, 0.10330843980959122, 0.3695429335678048, 0.10472463771324367, 0.08506650020903413, -0.14767681236008548, 0.06542830379491553, -0.0519068488935405]
708.1725
Design: One, but in different forms
This overview paper defends an augmented cognitively oriented generic-design hypothesis: there are both significant similarities between the design activities implemented in different situations and crucial differences between these and other cognitive activities; yet, characteristics of a design situation (related to the design process, the designers, and the artefact) introduce specificities in the corresponding cognitive activities and structures that are used, and in the resulting designs. We thus augment the classical generic-design hypothesis with that of different forms of designing. We review the data available in the cognitive design research literature and propose a series of candidates underlying such forms of design, outlining a number of directions requiring further elaboration.
cs.HC
this overview paper defends an augmented cognitively oriented genericdesign hypothesis there are both significant similarities between the design activities implemented in different situations and crucial differences between these and other cognitive activities yet characteristics of a design situation related to the design process the designers and the artefact introduce specificities in the corresponding cognitive activities and structures that are used and in the resulting designs we thus augment the classical genericdesign hypothesis with that of different forms of designing we review the data available in the cognitive design research literature and propose a series of candidates underlying such forms of design outlining a number of directions requiring further elaboration
[['this', 'overview', 'paper', 'defends', 'an', 'augmented', 'cognitively', 'oriented', 'genericdesign', 'hypothesis', 'there', 'are', 'both', 'significant', 'similarities', 'between', 'the', 'design', 'activities', 'implemented', 'in', 'different', 'situations', 'and', 'crucial', 'differences', 'between', 'these', 'and', 'other', 'cognitive', 'activities', 'yet', 'characteristics', 'of', 'a', 'design', 'situation', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'design', 'process', 'the', 'designers', 'and', 'the', 'artefact', 'introduce', 'specificities', 'in', 'the', 'corresponding', 'cognitive', 'activities', 'and', 'structures', 'that', 'are', 'used', 'and', 'in', 'the', 'resulting', 'designs', 'we', 'thus', 'augment', 'the', 'classical', 'genericdesign', 'hypothesis', 'with', 'that', 'of', 'different', 'forms', 'of', 'designing', 'we', 'review', 'the', 'data', 'available', 'in', 'the', 'cognitive', 'design', 'research', 'literature', 'and', 'propose', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'candidates', 'underlying', 'such', 'forms', 'of', 'design', 'outlining', 'a', 'number', 'of', 'directions', 'requiring', 'further', 'elaboration']]
[-0.1282672949405126, 0.05590662634379348, -0.07145523397408635, 0.05489806647401395, -0.12775587437186983, -0.13611040197782845, 0.023540501814622816, 0.4201810930933908, -0.2544836302018054, -0.3337468559740581, 0.09259237433570464, -0.219428863550458, -0.2579111216293874, 0.19400184440522272, -0.0881998786032548, 0.007350988816643987, 0.04604429120598274, 0.0012821370570389467, -0.06807582357122616, -0.21045592649857225, 0.3287321172967971, 0.08325126123936655, 0.34036958915677584, 0.016396883801148038, 0.025875055787118725, -0.015850977245370084, -0.07492291900790601, -0.003998940022853769, -0.1052607125021946, 0.1997777996410694, 0.3478703002454104, 0.22377311121063115, 0.32030203057644524, -0.4643650569509123, -0.19072208061779491, 0.07170035376291826, 0.10780842663180605, 0.02483533348705376, -0.1015083671103571, -0.26754571439994274, 0.04173202303490628, -0.1574752755543635, -0.10110689301226532, -0.05314274165081948, -0.012938748975501997, 0.017829509591248547, -0.21529043188686353, -0.02753360501586277, 0.0744181099547961, 0.10265666105845403, -0.0678872125044848, -0.14746034720468673, 0.05114065819184914, 0.1915806339461809, 0.06603600371114379, -0.002483651107264178, 0.11899454974369189, -0.14513324377579598, -0.17418364026348723, 0.38069502445303394, 0.040471385581262204, -0.21407853288001547, 0.24323694025836537, -0.06193960877570594, -0.18042492962259554, 0.05218171330917383, 0.20973518204431388, 0.05241790351188071, -0.1754426460225727, 0.015555659102310783, 0.034636178671895904, 0.1270803409306524, 0.026608384038086668, 0.0390921944848079, 0.21943319150220567, 0.1973591378572284, 0.006376479769769673, 0.14163757735813282, -0.05867176657002941, -0.09315914921157897, -0.3261712144833998, -0.16014454652616214, -0.09450275881572792, 0.003364873608295745, -0.03486615247403219, -0.12737816165062102, 0.4175550014511726, 0.21313449715984392, 0.16467743058401707, 0.01830653270062442, 0.30399064883311216, 0.03527917965885391, 0.06651207100530372, 0.060610707411890695, 0.18125567322370606, 0.04729279048880127, 0.11281963423434123, -0.17436031226904314, 0.10995832842417827, -0.04358946687594126]
708.1726
Differential inequalities of continuous functions and removing singularities of Rado type for J-holomorphic maps
We consider a continuous function $f$ on a domain in $\mathbf C^n$ satisfying the inequality that $|\bar \partial f|\leq |f|$ off its zero set. The main conclusion is that the zero set of $f$ is a complex variety. We also obtain removable singularity theorem of Rado type for J-holomorphic maps. Let $\Omega$ be an open subset in $\mathbf C$ and let $E$ be a closed polar subset of $\Omega$. Let $u$ be a continuous map from $\Omega$ into an almost complex manifold $(M,J)$ with $J$ of class $C^1$. We show that if $u$ is J-holomorphic on $\Omega\setminus E$ then it is J-holomorphic on $\Omega$.
math.CV
we consider a continuous function f on a domain in mathbf cn satisfying the inequality that bar partial fleq f off its zero set the main conclusion is that the zero set of f is a complex variety we also obtain removable singularity theorem of rado type for jholomorphic maps let omega be an open subset in mathbf c and let e be a closed polar subset of omega let u be a continuous map from omega into an almost complex manifold mj with j of class c1 we show that if u is jholomorphic on omegasetminus e then it is jholomorphic on omega
[['we', 'consider', 'a', 'continuous', 'function', 'f', 'on', 'a', 'domain', 'in', 'mathbf', 'cn', 'satisfying', 'the', 'inequality', 'that', 'bar', 'partial', 'fleq', 'f', 'off', 'its', 'zero', 'set', 'the', 'main', 'conclusion', 'is', 'that', 'the', 'zero', 'set', 'of', 'f', 'is', 'a', 'complex', 'variety', 'we', 'also', 'obtain', 'removable', 'singularity', 'theorem', 'of', 'rado', 'type', 'for', 'jholomorphic', 'maps', 'let', 'omega', 'be', 'an', 'open', 'subset', 'in', 'mathbf', 'c', 'and', 'let', 'e', 'be', 'a', 'closed', 'polar', 'subset', 'of', 'omega', 'let', 'u', 'be', 'a', 'continuous', 'map', 'from', 'omega', 'into', 'an', 'almost', 'complex', 'manifold', 'mj', 'with', 'j', 'of', 'class', 'c1', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'u', 'is', 'jholomorphic', 'on', 'omegasetminus', 'e', 'then', 'it', 'is', 'jholomorphic', 'on', 'omega']]
[-0.21472810323141928, 0.054823758441321285, -0.07735274218094464, -0.024938884916572042, -0.07780738447148067, -0.166353171879354, 0.043702774005046546, 0.3458944719213133, -0.3322614064762512, -0.13353148415290678, 0.07054687682718325, -0.3052739700159201, -0.08245388301572977, 0.21075394848594442, -0.11387467895670292, -0.0379947649517607, 0.061051799244104095, 0.09996419056999283, -0.02676202414351372, -0.20959913222759496, 0.3886560008574564, -0.18099422820915395, 0.14084281995719022, 0.092144404434993, 0.08084286997417131, -0.020685841472676166, 0.07760828210918519, -0.0005913115410993879, -0.2107402562922009, 0.06639827255276032, 0.24646281716055596, 0.15803821745346516, 0.28526941715524745, -0.3397394621771617, -0.17840468156366393, 0.24494996927051732, 0.12577072878439838, -0.1005838855008523, 0.027348969642144557, -0.2924587527075066, 0.18157258047498404, -0.06631073125530608, -0.1785474713318623, -0.05985604120919911, 0.17055081518796775, 0.02624228742318407, -0.3328350947704166, 0.0007755546380044856, 0.1424706449414281, 0.0860185483224296, -0.07410241344321268, -0.1300742148417227, -0.09809511021907943, 0.011842509154051255, -0.06516468152235924, 0.2716572563423632, 0.06547819539600123, -0.00892250965653847, -0.00875234236725821, 0.3470892403095674, -0.13389233669015363, -0.29313728467632943, 0.1261879858077289, -0.21831242254791924, -0.13556122264484516, 0.1060690065810027, 0.12273423671677637, 0.16800680020465875, -0.05559525748965545, 0.2919633375349804, -0.13047169163305974, 0.12896611281254222, 0.1057636540544291, -0.0359652129207881, 0.13981427632125604, 0.07094258332822043, 0.16115781210828573, 0.1026778149187941, -0.018979511700028803, 0.045738443750171706, -0.40971353535468763, -0.13339233519330335, -0.17283373224871376, 0.24257554979815793, -0.08395854096152806, -0.17327605032075483, 0.3046054152498702, -0.02455928509320634, 0.2516811553370924, 0.07045655905340727, 0.19583499673395777, 0.10864053584009525, -0.039796373295338035, 0.1122673299575511, 0.03823447709258359, 0.16672341718311565, -0.015056942746293945, -0.1457050921184978, -0.018509306228504732, 0.11068540005586468]
708.1727
Tropical bases by regular projections
We consider the tropical variety $\mathcal{T}(I)$ of a prime ideal $I$ generated by the polynomials $f_1, ..., f_r$ and revisit the regular projection technique introduced by Bieri and Groves from a computational point of view. In particular, we show that $I$ has a short tropical basis of cardinality at most $r + \codim I + 1$ at the price of increased degrees, and we provide a computational description of these bases.
math.AG math.CO
we consider the tropical variety mathcalti of a prime ideal i generated by the polynomials f_1 f_r and revisit the regular projection technique introduced by bieri and groves from a computational point of view in particular we show that i has a short tropical basis of cardinality at most r codim i 1 at the price of increased degrees and we provide a computational description of these bases
[['we', 'consider', 'the', 'tropical', 'variety', 'mathcalti', 'of', 'a', 'prime', 'ideal', 'i', 'generated', 'by', 'the', 'polynomials', 'f_1', 'f_r', 'and', 'revisit', 'the', 'regular', 'projection', 'technique', 'introduced', 'by', 'bieri', 'and', 'groves', 'from', 'a', 'computational', 'point', 'of', 'view', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'i', 'has', 'a', 'short', 'tropical', 'basis', 'of', 'cardinality', 'at', 'most', 'r', 'codim', 'i', '1', 'at', 'the', 'price', 'of', 'increased', 'degrees', 'and', 'we', 'provide', 'a', 'computational', 'description', 'of', 'these', 'bases']]
[-0.1510670078473527, 0.06888048939142766, -0.06438090231047193, 0.038115102623992446, -0.013024770821541992, -0.11936233605522273, 0.054905824268535616, 0.3164599557101393, -0.3257931510504307, -0.20694665888796993, 0.10582312830174759, -0.25413664018929893, -0.14623567480037905, 0.1864276881983031, -0.09430306568853002, -0.03264345843240674, 0.02215170715727023, 0.01604942661586718, -0.050639273942823505, -0.24858266262879677, 0.3282443237727258, 0.013008159599197445, 0.19759706090857734, 0.01031668642674809, 0.12039191241084195, 0.018246676897935903, -0.056430257717842484, 0.05168546416880146, -0.1865492042805869, 0.1627325925475626, 0.2784035431582536, 0.21837357662395754, 0.28220489760165784, -0.3934061375182511, -0.1087275071681213, 0.13736767262748595, 0.08881517925035598, 0.0424025626714105, -0.03613827106501184, -0.16504672419891428, 0.10798373554638628, -0.1889451302296079, -0.1483813060669979, -0.055860118440060474, 0.06948133937514095, 0.04845681623903228, -0.2748632839074664, -0.02913657460472922, 0.0999085544678035, 0.18557375857133918, 0.02597695765947339, -0.18811656188553394, -0.009516128165119174, 0.03452852334298972, -0.010959131547611262, 0.05852124670437023, 0.03713313753563744, -0.12490163995092039, -0.11513306414569492, 0.37565144404435336, -0.04950957905167519, -0.16585462455596053, 0.17182907086810958, -0.18570451666392498, -0.15381208117773285, 0.13012812047529576, 0.1291304183185601, 0.0942794463055125, -0.047688338992449994, 0.1462772237041395, -0.10975337595637165, 0.09064102227280069, 0.11385939648347114, 0.012823400122405433, 0.18176487882260178, 0.12999870658351748, 0.053052449786562976, 0.13072640793537027, -0.07787367062809974, 0.00464438366244978, -0.33553219795115846, -0.15192407368223615, -0.17825521192332702, 0.11465908275611365, -0.10334829570757705, -0.09992948408002283, 0.4410827688650409, 0.13055523001213573, 0.1677689863535673, 0.05719901272443248, 0.2245490567571025, 0.08055300741637153, -0.00890539767248417, 0.09712708010268745, 0.15226096142806225, 0.09400820839844311, 0.0033417567958249086, -0.15761954801803482, -0.008048828225582838, 0.1459204401237084]
708.1728
Search for Extra Dimensions at CDF
This poster, presented at the 2006 Duke Hadron Collider Symposium, presents the results from searches for large extra dimensions, as proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali (ADD), and Randall-Sundrum (RS) model warped extra dimensions, at CDF.
hep-ex
this poster presented at the 2006 duke hadron collider symposium presents the results from searches for large extra dimensions as proposed by arkanihamed dimopoulos and dvali add and randallsundrum rs model warped extra dimensions at cdf
[['this', 'poster', 'presented', 'at', 'the', '2006', 'duke', 'hadron', 'collider', 'symposium', 'presents', 'the', 'results', 'from', 'searches', 'for', 'large', 'extra', 'dimensions', 'as', 'proposed', 'by', 'arkanihamed', 'dimopoulos', 'and', 'dvali', 'add', 'and', 'randallsundrum', 'rs', 'model', 'warped', 'extra', 'dimensions', 'at', 'cdf']]
[-0.032389063853770494, 0.12120354611478332, -0.03704531082055635, 0.08877079880524737, -0.12345877000027233, -0.2831708640894956, -0.01081156811495829, 0.18502219937120876, -0.0460796247191158, -0.3670572643685672, 0.08528636153399323, -0.2969619756590368, -0.10077818198543456, 0.07442734752031457, -0.04471535566780302, 0.056426655197153903, 0.054724072106182575, -0.12383604934439063, 0.02084671752527356, -0.3701144132711407, 0.2770782684027735, 0.2237521508294675, 0.23110594714267385, 0.08187328203995195, 0.14436539265120196, 0.03477119966798151, -0.12909363311094543, -0.08158658268964952, -0.15196047940601906, 0.11447850565633012, 0.2488923462676919, 0.10953820659779012, 0.06926726989655031, -0.3349629577197548, -0.19410493638780382, -0.0036960560569746625, 0.12667208953967524, 0.09881959446809357, -0.06975614139810205, -0.38195131776026553, 0.08660190834456848, -0.318998475636666, -0.151529899927684, 0.002562741231587198, 0.01966289948258135, -0.19780481689506108, -0.3099103920782606, 0.06795353915852805, -0.012140652423517572, 0.10092315258872178, 0.015934327979468636, -0.24990393280879492, -0.04668287988493426, -0.11983951419177982, 0.13529774466102631, 0.026530022047356598, 0.0417110294672764, -0.09981352084691429, -0.28835653552475077, 0.27321848783564445, -0.10607630433514714, -0.13261004822884892, 0.2800068133510649, -0.17291440008880776, -0.22212958430302226, 0.055434444026711084, 0.30922770952909356, -0.002971745975729492, -0.17818675479955143, 0.3398146387933391, -0.041180913258964814, 0.14343930069460636, 0.20664672902785242, 0.007773671350959275, 0.22476544484703076, 0.22068621523471343, -0.0840487309679803, 0.09252356553527837, -0.14103913157143527, -0.05350342429139548, -0.5155805318305889, -0.09454958990035164, -0.11944014972282781, -0.0020184641568145403, -0.047225454911919464, 0.013894776128128998, 0.33161516001241076, 0.11255581129807979, 0.2561333658587601, 0.022106133479004104, 0.24354636084495318, -0.0098304022265236, 0.07616053733525202, 0.1361825587175392, 0.2799163866115527, 0.030224105867091566, 0.25898710581370527, -0.14015218653690276, -0.09747675215152816, 0.16910348581667575]
708.1729
Light quark mass effects in the on-shell renormalization constants
We compute the three-loop relation between the pole and the minimally subtracted quark mass allowing for virtual effects from a second massive quark. We also consider the analogue effects for the on-shell wave function renormalization constant.
hep-ph
we compute the threeloop relation between the pole and the minimally subtracted quark mass allowing for virtual effects from a second massive quark we also consider the analogue effects for the onshell wave function renormalization constant
[['we', 'compute', 'the', 'threeloop', 'relation', 'between', 'the', 'pole', 'and', 'the', 'minimally', 'subtracted', 'quark', 'mass', 'allowing', 'for', 'virtual', 'effects', 'from', 'a', 'second', 'massive', 'quark', 'we', 'also', 'consider', 'the', 'analogue', 'effects', 'for', 'the', 'onshell', 'wave', 'function', 'renormalization', 'constant']]
[-0.10035233639387621, 0.24170611607324746, -0.10400923908067246, 0.20081067240486541, -0.11574496649619606, -0.045735592216563724, 0.11134813112827639, 0.26573338232830995, -0.1675041333720502, -0.24973076861351728, -0.007910477773596844, -0.2998394209684597, -0.13297501214159033, 0.1240902051326379, 0.08284267507648717, 0.059432991065679945, 0.02061741109678729, 0.03521379117672849, -0.15946821335496175, -0.18204543185290983, 0.44555087180601227, -0.026170005711416405, 0.18396098603908387, 0.16257254919037223, 0.11319834004259771, 0.10515594804504265, -0.1030386898977061, -0.07033222238533199, -0.10192532545059091, -0.013460504848303067, 0.15901874781573294, 0.014847740117046569, 0.15690262356979978, -0.367009438160393, -0.1352357130834005, 0.10729867871850729, 0.12842468503448698, 0.1667819181133786, -0.0693492849305686, -0.24567131651565433, 0.05103252665786487, -0.27276339159450597, -0.21136383443242973, -0.0404322301555011, -0.029079984666572675, -0.1222328494509889, -0.30041521360787254, 0.11793335344070026, -0.13972243048354155, -0.0694458963504682, -0.02984143065340403, -0.12684648196833828, -0.067982435795582, 0.1576259652695929, 0.0870176646438065, 0.08828573607994865, 0.11539255261110763, -0.21648262667198045, -0.0777556463662121, 0.4232974310612513, -0.16623096498531392, -0.2634917728913327, 0.09421141794882715, -0.17873219519646633, -0.13446499151177704, 0.06727192788902256, 0.19239060047806966, 0.10959656343847099, -0.21290815181823242, 0.1312663156212592, -0.024871162604136368, 0.13761843839246365, 0.11875333660282195, 0.03119655975347592, 0.22614259453904298, 0.06663434259179565, -0.014117854621468319, 0.16482810225958625, -0.07453533118435492, -0.07529604910976356, -0.4002282176580694, -0.15147625354843008, -0.08165973970770007, 0.03812752712070101, -0.1581133829244613, -0.18524780709089506, 0.3710750032268051, 0.1339950559453832, 0.17109919297379544, 0.11652997503471044, 0.35755287752383286, 0.17757772238110192, 0.1280873725255434, 0.12056610738444659, 0.2863779968789054, 0.2241408290509652, 0.06696801715426975, -0.31932761134764104, -0.0770339621619011, 0.16714709448731607]
708.173
Conical limit sets and continued fractions
Inspired by questions of convergence in continued fraction theory, Erd\H{o}s, Piranian and Thron studied the possible sets of divergence for arbitrary sequences of M\"obius maps acting on the Riemann sphere, $S^2$. By identifying $S^2$ with the boundary of three-dimensional hyperbolic space, $H^3$, we show that these sets of divergence are precisely the sets that arise as conical limit sets of subsets of $H^3$. Using hyperbolic geometry, we give simple geometric proofs of the theorems of Erd\H{o}s, Piranian and Thron that generalise to arbitrary dimensions. New results are also obtained about the class of conical limit sets, for example, that it is closed under locally quasisymmetric homeomorphisms. Applications are given to continued fractions.
math.DS
inspired by questions of convergence in continued fraction theory erdhos piranian and thron studied the possible sets of divergence for arbitrary sequences of mobius maps acting on the riemann sphere s2 by identifying s2 with the boundary of threedimensional hyperbolic space h3 we show that these sets of divergence are precisely the sets that arise as conical limit sets of subsets of h3 using hyperbolic geometry we give simple geometric proofs of the theorems of erdhos piranian and thron that generalise to arbitrary dimensions new results are also obtained about the class of conical limit sets for example that it is closed under locally quasisymmetric homeomorphisms applications are given to continued fractions
[['inspired', 'by', 'questions', 'of', 'convergence', 'in', 'continued', 'fraction', 'theory', 'erdhos', 'piranian', 'and', 'thron', 'studied', 'the', 'possible', 'sets', 'of', 'divergence', 'for', 'arbitrary', 'sequences', 'of', 'mobius', 'maps', 'acting', 'on', 'the', 'riemann', 'sphere', 's2', 'by', 'identifying', 's2', 'with', 'the', 'boundary', 'of', 'threedimensional', 'hyperbolic', 'space', 'h3', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'these', 'sets', 'of', 'divergence', 'are', 'precisely', 'the', 'sets', 'that', 'arise', 'as', 'conical', 'limit', 'sets', 'of', 'subsets', 'of', 'h3', 'using', 'hyperbolic', 'geometry', 'we', 'give', 'simple', 'geometric', 'proofs', 'of', 'the', 'theorems', 'of', 'erdhos', 'piranian', 'and', 'thron', 'that', 'generalise', 'to', 'arbitrary', 'dimensions', 'new', 'results', 'are', 'also', 'obtained', 'about', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'conical', 'limit', 'sets', 'for', 'example', 'that', 'it', 'is', 'closed', 'under', 'locally', 'quasisymmetric', 'homeomorphisms', 'applications', 'are', 'given', 'to', 'continued', 'fractions']]
[-0.1420400064853311, 0.11963106326376353, -0.0426812445304157, 0.11224440128197395, -0.04247434312544231, -0.0672407430538442, 0.027876555556888758, 0.3292155029152387, -0.2577290199198095, -0.2141231359273661, 0.14128717075072927, -0.2931574947350392, -0.14874524774911282, 0.2690103253033677, -0.13285881975233288, 0.05968801104297329, 0.04201472816722734, 0.006321074041937079, -0.07239720507277525, -0.30846700114800896, 0.39302449274691753, -0.06456157950118982, 0.19847855806749845, 0.07478595047983358, 0.09579653448184088, -0.009833460611324491, -0.028488763896997886, 0.08108881585290614, -0.21029897798897373, 0.1664367696212139, 0.222328672832061, 0.13077531907557777, 0.17774726339017174, -0.3892790052008682, -0.19972518374561332, 0.13555458163110806, 0.10771249366890905, 0.02899118516402918, -0.020800060423165893, -0.2856234343489632, 0.08855662138168034, -0.07126414405398204, -0.20729845696977073, -0.1162469618180434, 0.060782999598554203, 0.04689163963277159, -0.22590779634525202, 0.05791103682479713, 0.12341101417717125, 0.08252072361730305, -0.047797733813890124, -0.10257934541108885, -0.04200907334286187, 0.1277938293476057, 0.04618677840958948, 0.07069796776132924, 0.09332446001436827, -0.03250276980023565, -0.1318320695177785, 0.34331455351951135, -0.03331858614858772, -0.24631818597637384, 0.169732201170908, -0.20152226413899502, -0.17628855354269035, 0.13702749279660306, 0.12699076947423496, 0.141220703257464, -0.07095938563413386, 0.17655838065443927, -0.1439214331403491, 0.0826315132102796, 0.20591302166576497, 0.01959886892499136, 0.1637707153651198, 0.05060783946204798, 0.0950856061743772, 0.19302441488460836, -0.007960068365459197, -0.08245333266729306, -0.3299820210283672, -0.14014456669766723, -0.1623690473580999, 0.12077353277709335, -0.13776220778709103, -0.21393083996060472, 0.29601672973201076, 0.04103896764406402, 0.1661974006107942, 0.11067724640140243, 0.1968475106384306, 0.061169000141879745, 0.0028188330979901366, 0.06303675320149134, 0.13302495450313603, 0.1789704599525846, -0.02427891902646349, -0.14033661975242598, -0.050450902681664696, 0.20235405905155598]
708.1731
Parameters of the lowest order chiral Lagrangian from fermion eigenvalues
Recent advances in Random Matrix Theory enable one to determine the pseudoscalar decay constant from the response of eigenmodes of quenched fermions to an imaginary isospin chemical potential. We perform a pilot test of this idea, from simulations with two flavors of dynamical overlap fermions.
hep-lat
recent advances in random matrix theory enable one to determine the pseudoscalar decay constant from the response of eigenmodes of quenched fermions to an imaginary isospin chemical potential we perform a pilot test of this idea from simulations with two flavors of dynamical overlap fermions
[['recent', 'advances', 'in', 'random', 'matrix', 'theory', 'enable', 'one', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'pseudoscalar', 'decay', 'constant', 'from', 'the', 'response', 'of', 'eigenmodes', 'of', 'quenched', 'fermions', 'to', 'an', 'imaginary', 'isospin', 'chemical', 'potential', 'we', 'perform', 'a', 'pilot', 'test', 'of', 'this', 'idea', 'from', 'simulations', 'with', 'two', 'flavors', 'of', 'dynamical', 'overlap', 'fermions']]
[-0.10850134873762726, 0.250402988527397, -0.12839742364982765, 0.008090267524433632, -0.04284377011160056, -0.1120764410149099, 0.09931088996171537, 0.33135977904829717, -0.18896979657519195, -0.24499421132107577, -0.005016164561837084, -0.30261468667950897, -0.15987003127423424, 0.07039603888988495, 0.07800246760663058, 0.12389747773607572, 0.04310984987920771, 0.011552693819006284, -0.09268628637202912, -0.2601093410203854, 0.32812090881375805, -0.008006647746596072, 0.22726818298300108, 0.06284220843679375, -0.00010671133382452858, 0.017071915169556934, -0.07557990385426415, -0.09313614620930619, -0.0794066741441687, 0.061782717834123306, 0.1783785886131227, 0.03755803679426511, 0.23459898390703732, -0.46325868823462063, -0.21261221872539157, 0.12250859558375346, 0.15265615545213224, 0.1544226825909896, -0.08544588244209687, -0.2827757582482364, 0.04155959555258353, -0.2026220521165265, -0.23954236870631576, -0.06863898351892, -0.035291321699817975, -0.03231585948831505, -0.3435720724545212, 0.07766621557788717, -0.08125770565238781, 0.09095212974482113, -0.020808255196445517, -0.1755223311897781, 0.03656507999532753, 0.14916919208286952, 0.11359837703768992, 0.036091382672182384, 0.13791876183822752, -0.1402088856479774, -0.16198572262397243, 0.39371780223316616, -0.10296347522849424, -0.21033592994014422, 0.19946934446278547, -0.13348392675527268, -0.13829179090551205, 0.12381840433097548, 0.20801085150904125, 0.06667126874542899, -0.14838370145815943, 0.11185555704351928, -0.026452902745869426, 0.18987985046373473, 0.03056257085667716, 0.039411359259651765, 0.25135926409728, 0.13485931029750242, 0.011446853665014108, 0.09413758350743187, -0.01928850699009167, -0.13389973018913426, -0.2635294521848361, -0.10713158935411937, -0.23210605734752285, 0.11662715014277233, -0.09446711751321951, -0.17003533833970627, 0.42696615585850345, 0.17545437338865466, 0.1833664435479376, 0.04034293334827655, 0.287209646569358, 0.0629480889170534, 0.08190238434924847, -0.012359684219376908, 0.2452373607084155, 0.2501441697486573, 0.11281074236354066, -0.3229296170071595, -0.12453312227864646, 0.07523008575145569]
708.1732
Perturbative Vacua from IIB Matrix Model
It has not been clarified whether a matrix model can describe various vacua of string theory. In this paper, we show that the IIB matrix model includes type IIA string theory. In the naive large N limit of the IIB matrix model, configurations consisting of simultaneously diagonalizable matrices form a moduli space, although the unique vacuum would be determined by complicated dynamics. This moduli space should correspond to a part of perturbatively stable vacua of string theory. Actually, one point on the moduli space represents type IIA string theory. Instead of integrating over the moduli space in the path-integral, we can consider each of the simultaneously diagonalizable configurations as a background and set the fluctuations of the diagonal elements to zero. Such procedure is known as quenching in the context of the large N reduced models. By quenching the diagonal elements of the matrices to an appropriate configuration, we show that the quenched IIB matrix model is equivalent to the two-dimensional large N N=8 super Yang-Mills theory on a cylinder. This theory is nothing but matrix string theory and is known to be equivalent to type IIA string theory. As a result, we find the manner to take the large N limit in the IIB matrix model.
hep-th
it has not been clarified whether a matrix model can describe various vacua of string theory in this paper we show that the iib matrix model includes type iia string theory in the naive large n limit of the iib matrix model configurations consisting of simultaneously diagonalizable matrices form a moduli space although the unique vacuum would be determined by complicated dynamics this moduli space should correspond to a part of perturbatively stable vacua of string theory actually one point on the moduli space represents type iia string theory instead of integrating over the moduli space in the pathintegral we can consider each of the simultaneously diagonalizable configurations as a background and set the fluctuations of the diagonal elements to zero such procedure is known as quenching in the context of the large n reduced models by quenching the diagonal elements of the matrices to an appropriate configuration we show that the quenched iib matrix model is equivalent to the twodimensional large n n8 super yangmills theory on a cylinder this theory is nothing but matrix string theory and is known to be equivalent to type iia string theory as a result we find the manner to take the large n limit in the iib matrix model
[['it', 'has', 'not', 'been', 'clarified', 'whether', 'a', 'matrix', 'model', 'can', 'describe', 'various', 'vacua', 'of', 'string', 'theory', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'iib', 'matrix', 'model', 'includes', 'type', 'iia', 'string', 'theory', 'in', 'the', 'naive', 'large', 'n', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'iib', 'matrix', 'model', 'configurations', 'consisting', 'of', 'simultaneously', 'diagonalizable', 'matrices', 'form', 'a', 'moduli', 'space', 'although', 'the', 'unique', 'vacuum', 'would', 'be', 'determined', 'by', 'complicated', 'dynamics', 'this', 'moduli', 'space', 'should', 'correspond', 'to', 'a', 'part', 'of', 'perturbatively', 'stable', 'vacua', 'of', 'string', 'theory', 'actually', 'one', 'point', 'on', 'the', 'moduli', 'space', 'represents', 'type', 'iia', 'string', 'theory', 'instead', 'of', 'integrating', 'over', 'the', 'moduli', 'space', 'in', 'the', 'pathintegral', 'we', 'can', 'consider', 'each', 'of', 'the', 'simultaneously', 'diagonalizable', 'configurations', 'as', 'a', 'background', 'and', 'set', 'the', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'the', 'diagonal', 'elements', 'to', 'zero', 'such', 'procedure', 'is', 'known', 'as', 'quenching', 'in', 'the', 'context', 'of', 'the', 'large', 'n', 'reduced', 'models', 'by', 'quenching', 'the', 'diagonal', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'matrices', 'to', 'an', 'appropriate', 'configuration', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'quenched', 'iib', 'matrix', 'model', 'is', 'equivalent', 'to', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'large', 'n', 'n8', 'super', 'yangmills', 'theory', 'on', 'a', 'cylinder', 'this', 'theory', 'is', 'nothing', 'but', 'matrix', 'string', 'theory', 'and', 'is', 'known', 'to', 'be', 'equivalent', 'to', 'type', 'iia', 'string', 'theory', 'as', 'a', 'result', 'we', 'find', 'the', 'manner', 'to', 'take', 'the', 'large', 'n', 'limit', 'in', 'the', 'iib', 'matrix', 'model']]
[-0.12235928557988635, 0.15920778565792926, -0.062398956703912954, 0.1147263949216177, -0.04125919837081706, -0.13003920431244345, 0.028103623200086473, 0.3139406987938328, -0.24299399125286275, -0.23457724723407036, 0.10240319053499604, -0.2500828284947966, -0.1899341676622665, 0.09243073461437823, -0.07806331325763306, -0.0032619613758175844, 0.02409629963432857, 0.07146377228695341, -0.12459953622453833, -0.2888372390601865, 0.3500947259987394, 0.0104077126017315, 0.3056898939261294, -0.023211578703552917, 0.09945095925713363, 0.0007866523161098577, 0.0031729983406283122, 0.03633190869355961, -0.07736875314977197, 0.11534891670214345, 0.24256186769423, 0.11275876653920588, 0.15443267585070813, -0.4698995425037428, -0.22599966132086544, 0.14596097604574068, 0.1811676705852241, 0.15879263353853482, 0.03627558560380577, -0.22282529049800429, 0.09776197127426484, -0.1769268888629217, -0.18468731729277738, -0.06175955246958504, 0.04407983244923146, -0.06969940109889289, -0.2585796761587442, 0.011273386148097003, -0.004289880975325039, -0.021678626645302426, -0.03722011713999445, -0.08897776132368523, -0.021632841046436146, 0.08656035285164121, 0.07592811296718725, 0.05273402801035467, 0.10497272265670092, -0.12715132607052615, -0.0828885791591562, 0.38026154650924143, -0.08559016766339307, -0.21741705699888472, 0.11621370067559003, -0.11697866959308369, -0.14784530510199098, 0.12944440596066595, 0.09075410321246886, 0.159228616864263, -0.12535165445564161, 0.2276291064080076, -0.07729921040489622, 0.16617712360125705, 0.03483209975461975, 0.03865848829438865, 0.21452286280241709, 0.14880131845416475, 0.035646001845463245, 0.10628059909427044, -0.020232171627832352, -0.12660129977151716, -0.39182639310073447, -0.10926412238968887, -0.14724408259282365, 0.15081690802191922, -0.14988230700604055, -0.22930645562510416, 0.32957169798861935, 0.07787312045333467, 0.21149099626069987, 0.02867833297510726, 0.1739605659717955, 0.09051763912071507, 0.0728789715991684, 0.023341634573981813, 0.22101867605160455, 0.1812552352861056, 0.05955045572695759, -0.216921660259528, -0.05825100183612914, 0.1974313538701494]
708.1733
A distance based test on random trees
In this paper, we address the question of comparison between populations of trees. We study an statistical test based on the distance between empirical mean trees, as an analog of the two sample z statistic for comparing two means. Despite its simplicity, we can report that the test is quite powerful to separate distributions with different means but it does not distinguish between different populations with the same mean, a more complicated test should be applied in that setting. The performance of the test is studied via simulations on Galton-Watson branching processes. We also show an application to a real data problem in genomics.
math.ST stat.TH
in this paper we address the question of comparison between populations of trees we study an statistical test based on the distance between empirical mean trees as an analog of the two sample z statistic for comparing two means despite its simplicity we can report that the test is quite powerful to separate distributions with different means but it does not distinguish between different populations with the same mean a more complicated test should be applied in that setting the performance of the test is studied via simulations on galtonwatson branching processes we also show an application to a real data problem in genomics
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'address', 'the', 'question', 'of', 'comparison', 'between', 'populations', 'of', 'trees', 'we', 'study', 'an', 'statistical', 'test', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'distance', 'between', 'empirical', 'mean', 'trees', 'as', 'an', 'analog', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'sample', 'z', 'statistic', 'for', 'comparing', 'two', 'means', 'despite', 'its', 'simplicity', 'we', 'can', 'report', 'that', 'the', 'test', 'is', 'quite', 'powerful', 'to', 'separate', 'distributions', 'with', 'different', 'means', 'but', 'it', 'does', 'not', 'distinguish', 'between', 'different', 'populations', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'mean', 'a', 'more', 'complicated', 'test', 'should', 'be', 'applied', 'in', 'that', 'setting', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'test', 'is', 'studied', 'via', 'simulations', 'on', 'galtonwatson', 'branching', 'processes', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'an', 'application', 'to', 'a', 'real', 'data', 'problem', 'in', 'genomics']]
[-0.057938102836487815, 0.06354946446929087, -0.13031456090706903, 0.12603116070050208, -0.048289306403603405, -0.09428379250815712, 0.06318877528918584, 0.4192276735266205, -0.25046025911489356, -0.31949618607401276, 0.07273161645123484, -0.2511992525989906, -0.14667824142200586, 0.2579153992746097, -0.07590916207454239, 0.01809787963317761, 0.0849165322769505, 0.006128232160475678, -0.05483627705745256, -0.2565148479860419, 0.32316357635248166, 0.06488253327104478, 0.30500145169879456, 0.01643472851943583, 0.07991617726041184, -0.003621843300397114, -0.048765012806353085, 0.06160945396942015, -0.11096615968185339, 0.08611271134018003, 0.2033065382274799, 0.1674327443156821, 0.2884638534384206, -0.3917578311293255, -0.15892862817809844, 0.1822118235152, 0.16105735040036961, 0.09413950424641371, -0.04893981217243821, -0.23925682388317698, 0.09411813121830793, -0.13813810113172692, -0.08594798532486983, -0.049583531978826687, 0.0035053560411772476, 0.013230041168683853, -0.26627118764176533, 0.07191558351517485, 0.04043967909484099, 0.08918286840288112, -0.019505483195714008, -0.11694142440907083, 0.017823263951308597, 0.16314699446285466, 0.06543640851920757, -0.018367108687436066, 0.08369977740893284, -0.09932823422535036, -0.16048665531875136, 0.3650431216945155, -0.06302559616205354, -0.2318134503534216, 0.2798242580991847, -0.1511160674272105, -0.167063183330286, 0.025177445041033655, 0.20971606216894892, 0.12666410298194164, -0.20703950115085507, 0.03947304091371524, -0.05574990979109246, 0.17951707165831557, 0.04710788487080628, -0.04333711600002761, 0.1896364701589426, 0.20789406697552365, 0.03895668170074574, 0.1777953105976429, -0.09319799762754254, -0.09690798523549277, -0.2606275361389495, -0.16547077360435372, -0.20167146301425348, 0.033709692765534365, -0.1014266085493056, -0.1656569083346627, 0.3565064145816275, 0.2007344184698573, 0.24517428173791045, 0.09607119100669828, 0.2772388115990907, 0.08823186064322587, 0.0088452519938493, 0.041908564269900896, 0.21566506942662483, 0.14126130531076342, 0.02180790380001641, -0.17520596568311492, 0.08706465508126152, -0.0062691099010407925]
708.1734
Event-by-event Simulation of Quantum Cryptography Protocols
We present a new approach to simulate quantum cryptography protocols using event-based processes. The method is validated by simulating the BB84 protocol and the Ekert protocol, both without and with the presence of an eavesdropper.
quant-ph
we present a new approach to simulate quantum cryptography protocols using eventbased processes the method is validated by simulating the bb84 protocol and the ekert protocol both without and with the presence of an eavesdropper
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'new', 'approach', 'to', 'simulate', 'quantum', 'cryptography', 'protocols', 'using', 'eventbased', 'processes', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'validated', 'by', 'simulating', 'the', 'bb84', 'protocol', 'and', 'the', 'ekert', 'protocol', 'both', 'without', 'and', 'with', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'an', 'eavesdropper']]
[-0.1796213817649654, 0.035586533100493915, -0.15395479555341549, 0.0029038865684664675, 0.06547571159899235, -0.3358762610570661, 0.08692625211551785, 0.3753229394555092, -0.20235353809382234, -0.2985641403922013, 0.06609754696754473, -0.20346086297982505, -0.1420638836321554, 0.2925913257258279, -0.1216765096411109, 0.16844189672597817, 0.04658410594399486, -0.06652604064771107, 0.03391845246244754, -0.2742174892619784, 0.32030277897470766, 0.09664240184439613, 0.31607305963656734, 0.033965224639645644, 0.1317633311264217, 0.07903574204870632, -0.03369336782821587, -0.08328113649040461, -0.0802614152298442, 0.09716593604534865, 0.1811072737444192, 0.16361243671604564, 0.2578634253570012, -0.4381362372743232, -0.23129700876639359, 0.08887462530817304, 0.09142439354743276, 0.24066408361707414, -0.09428846535405942, -0.3984622236341238, 0.10190176064414637, -0.27924093928720267, -0.09868229022249579, -0.09293423845831837, -0.09922428886140032, -0.009166385499494417, -0.28013446841921125, 0.023980081334177936, 0.02896303247128214, 0.08508446655635322, 0.024233747672821795, 0.04750119582084673, 0.076836268390928, 0.1391892856253045, -0.07756480647117964, -0.02157370021699795, 0.1553592622413167, -0.09544415287673473, -0.27915223288748947, 0.36216810171359354, -0.029247854636715993, -0.17522589505783148, 0.10949519160868866, 0.010763188917189836, -0.06227173722748246, 0.060328673731003486, 0.16507301298635346, 0.1381099484860897, -0.18037001666213784, 0.026400377358576015, -0.016292460818242815, 0.2266730744923864, -0.034909577268574916, 0.0681953995355538, 0.07114348019074117, 0.1446140043171389, 0.011256685214383262, 0.17023804778499263, -0.11806771231016942, -0.19679884510447404, -0.2633748050313443, -0.19428147117474248, -0.2444844446011952, 0.024364091083407403, -0.05044025057577528, -0.09337677799298295, 0.34853800456704837, 0.24959527783628022, 0.09585504696837494, 0.04461300656465547, 0.47115617798907417, 0.06592180108917611, 0.017437607422471045, 0.1671429189587278, 0.19248460467372622, 0.1312142220259245, 0.1166588776611856, -0.2041835587704554, 0.17688190362283163, 0.03301326603229557]
708.1735
Graphite and graphene as perfect spin filters
Based upon the observations (i) that their in-plane lattice constants match almost perfectly and (ii) that their electronic structures overlap in reciprocal space for one spin direction only, we predict perfect spin filtering for interfaces between graphite and (111) fcc or (0001) hcp Ni or Co. The spin filtering is quite insensitive to roughness and disorder. The formation of a chemical bond between graphite and the open $d$-shell transition metals that might complicate or even prevent spin injection into a single graphene sheet can be simply prevented by dusting Ni or Co with one or a few monolayers of Cu while still preserving the ideal spin injection property.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
based upon the observations i that their inplane lattice constants match almost perfectly and ii that their electronic structures overlap in reciprocal space for one spin direction only we predict perfect spin filtering for interfaces between graphite and 111 fcc or 0001 hcp ni or co the spin filtering is quite insensitive to roughness and disorder the formation of a chemical bond between graphite and the open dshell transition metals that might complicate or even prevent spin injection into a single graphene sheet can be simply prevented by dusting ni or co with one or a few monolayers of cu while still preserving the ideal spin injection property
[['based', 'upon', 'the', 'observations', 'i', 'that', 'their', 'inplane', 'lattice', 'constants', 'match', 'almost', 'perfectly', 'and', 'ii', 'that', 'their', 'electronic', 'structures', 'overlap', 'in', 'reciprocal', 'space', 'for', 'one', 'spin', 'direction', 'only', 'we', 'predict', 'perfect', 'spin', 'filtering', 'for', 'interfaces', 'between', 'graphite', 'and', '111', 'fcc', 'or', '0001', 'hcp', 'ni', 'or', 'co', 'the', 'spin', 'filtering', 'is', 'quite', 'insensitive', 'to', 'roughness', 'and', 'disorder', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'a', 'chemical', 'bond', 'between', 'graphite', 'and', 'the', 'open', 'dshell', 'transition', 'metals', 'that', 'might', 'complicate', 'or', 'even', 'prevent', 'spin', 'injection', 'into', 'a', 'single', 'graphene', 'sheet', 'can', 'be', 'simply', 'prevented', 'by', 'dusting', 'ni', 'or', 'co', 'with', 'one', 'or', 'a', 'few', 'monolayers', 'of', 'cu', 'while', 'still', 'preserving', 'the', 'ideal', 'spin', 'injection', 'property']]
[-0.11493277117713457, 0.20123592202758622, 0.019012279153146124, 0.01633957275663744, -0.04632463493315434, -0.21199736686820095, 0.10641787147701338, 0.481664102041611, -0.28913797278612574, -0.2836042775220617, 0.04982531203401137, -0.32041942922363953, -0.06700020152601172, 0.11079430387622712, 0.07893223905315001, -0.03184358289797307, 0.009543165490160592, -0.09603028747908494, -0.13088226923719049, -0.21942841591037535, 0.2705434208856551, 0.027315827582410915, 0.3077694555244374, 0.09183742326018142, 0.024116644920367334, 0.026720703208681057, 0.088712487568113, 0.02540092486500119, -0.12124233188950273, 0.062074240170423525, 0.2172585729578579, -0.07942782854661345, 0.15315229333592234, -0.5124904660775361, -0.18205051654432383, 1.3400436189301587e-05, 0.12458579886394243, 0.1631883069057949, -0.06532607685032955, -0.22648997460621306, 0.07234698360682362, -0.11694506941259736, -0.11514615995326528, -0.04176766770305457, 0.007485643315939578, -0.014273702917745578, -0.2264663847508254, 0.09459145190366716, 0.13304307050269995, 0.08256176509032095, -0.08845068332825408, -0.13456564751821268, -0.18368007545790602, 0.06428326676271993, 0.02123917507102575, 0.058534590501545206, 0.2124699322135981, -0.08821861852495069, -0.10109326580681631, 0.43483945209946895, -0.03705796588501134, -0.15505460968792992, 0.20680496794025036, -0.18018930232048863, -0.07265756174887496, 0.16505734757002857, 0.06069319962127203, 0.059837962539556123, -0.10330322676303762, 0.03447086447677403, 0.028506118373048527, 0.1952270962528591, 0.09892683383939718, 0.04096200152007104, 0.29841847193246296, 0.15215095624875244, 0.08241778049031617, 0.056392434628732085, -0.12094289480053165, -0.008251384862146719, -0.14337968450315572, -0.20587056534175105, -0.23977153936263035, 0.10627958858903083, -0.09906412036582844, -0.21471036508403443, 0.3422928559830999, 0.09814823589598139, 0.20134480583860917, -0.059715939135963306, 0.24155422134963037, 0.017568184571616626, 0.06530546159828426, 0.023656201344069646, 0.23916492334575634, 0.13105053677335726, 0.08765268774435821, -0.22535718651488423, 0.165622159442002, -0.0032599002847241033]
708.1736
The Peculiar Horizontal Branch Morphology of the Galactic Globular Clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441: new insights from UV observations
In this paper we present multiband optical and UV Hubble Space Telescope photometry of the two Galactic globular clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441. We have obtained the first UV color-magnitude diagrams for NGC 6388 and NGC 6441. These diagrams confirm previous results, obtained in optical bands, about the presence of a sizeable stellar population of extremely hot horizontal branch stars. At least in NGC 6388, we find a clear indication that at the hot end of the horizontal branch the distribution of stars forms a hook-like feature, closely resembling those observed in NGC 2808 and Omega Centauri. We briefly review the theoretical scenarios that have been suggested for interpreting this observational feature. We also investigate the tilted horizontal branch morphology and provide further evidence that supports early suggestions that this feature cannot be interpreted as an effect of differential reddening. We show that a possible solution of the puzzle is to assume that a small fraction - ranging between 10-20% - of the stellar population in the two clusters is strongly helium enriched (Y=0.40 in NGC 6388 and Y=0.35 in NGC 6441). The occurrence of a spread in the He abundance between the canonical value (Y=0.26) and the quoted upper limits can significantly help in explaining the whole morphology of the horizontal branch and the pulsational properties of the variable stars in the target clusters.
astro-ph
in this paper we present multiband optical and uv hubble space telescope photometry of the two galactic globular clusters ngc 6388 and ngc 6441 we have obtained the first uv colormagnitude diagrams for ngc 6388 and ngc 6441 these diagrams confirm previous results obtained in optical bands about the presence of a sizeable stellar population of extremely hot horizontal branch stars at least in ngc 6388 we find a clear indication that at the hot end of the horizontal branch the distribution of stars forms a hooklike feature closely resembling those observed in ngc 2808 and omega centauri we briefly review the theoretical scenarios that have been suggested for interpreting this observational feature we also investigate the tilted horizontal branch morphology and provide further evidence that supports early suggestions that this feature cannot be interpreted as an effect of differential reddening we show that a possible solution of the puzzle is to assume that a small fraction ranging between 1020 of the stellar population in the two clusters is strongly helium enriched y040 in ngc 6388 and y035 in ngc 6441 the occurrence of a spread in the he abundance between the canonical value y026 and the quoted upper limits can significantly help in explaining the whole morphology of the horizontal branch and the pulsational properties of the variable stars in the target clusters
[['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'multiband', 'optical', 'and', 'uv', 'hubble', 'space', 'telescope', 'photometry', 'of', 'the', 'two', 'galactic', 'globular', 'clusters', 'ngc', '6388', 'and', 'ngc', '6441', 'we', 'have', 'obtained', 'the', 'first', 'uv', 'colormagnitude', 'diagrams', 'for', 'ngc', '6388', 'and', 'ngc', '6441', 'these', 'diagrams', 'confirm', 'previous', 'results', 'obtained', 'in', 'optical', 'bands', 'about', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'sizeable', 'stellar', 'population', 'of', 'extremely', 'hot', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'stars', 'at', 'least', 'in', 'ngc', '6388', 'we', 'find', 'a', 'clear', 'indication', 'that', 'at', 'the', 'hot', 'end', 'of', 'the', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'stars', 'forms', 'a', 'hooklike', 'feature', 'closely', 'resembling', 'those', 'observed', 'in', 'ngc', '2808', 'and', 'omega', 'centauri', 'we', 'briefly', 'review', 'the', 'theoretical', 'scenarios', 'that', 'have', 'been', 'suggested', 'for', 'interpreting', 'this', 'observational', 'feature', 'we', 'also', 'investigate', 'the', 'tilted', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'morphology', 'and', 'provide', 'further', 'evidence', 'that', 'supports', 'early', 'suggestions', 'that', 'this', 'feature', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'interpreted', 'as', 'an', 'effect', 'of', 'differential', 'reddening', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'a', 'possible', 'solution', 'of', 'the', 'puzzle', 'is', 'to', 'assume', 'that', 'a', 'small', 'fraction', 'ranging', 'between', '1020', 'of', 'the', 'stellar', 'population', 'in', 'the', 'two', 'clusters', 'is', 'strongly', 'helium', 'enriched', 'y040', 'in', 'ngc', '6388', 'and', 'y035', 'in', 'ngc', '6441', 'the', 'occurrence', 'of', 'a', 'spread', 'in', 'the', 'he', 'abundance', 'between', 'the', 'canonical', 'value', 'y026', 'and', 'the', 'quoted', 'upper', 'limits', 'can', 'significantly', 'help', 'in', 'explaining', 'the', 'whole', 'morphology', 'of', 'the', 'horizontal', 'branch', 'and', 'the', 'pulsational', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'variable', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'target', 'clusters']]
[-0.06904536083623368, 0.07779456245881582, -0.13282808182436515, 0.1069971524760019, -0.10778821973560428, -0.038555140083190054, 0.08093774520031209, 0.4606341960918923, -0.15135299086757317, -0.33182715399224044, 0.015861194239343086, -0.27371996710592483, -0.08464848739796642, 0.19665570010745018, -0.0816020832862705, -0.07813328721853655, 0.11302236719555887, -0.05221251816887421, -0.007250770308278983, -0.271080594396543, 0.30124480930057224, -0.012798152543837205, 0.16407378152429633, -0.025138953912703852, 0.029561367210200324, -0.11690300717808506, -0.04247892233459944, -0.03235919831175644, -0.1595918138970254, 0.04339563749064317, 0.2504184875579085, 0.1228551714479441, 0.21341137057087117, -0.3476829498509427, -0.19708539253042545, 0.07857333856892572, 0.2791571728479799, 0.030756848203184615, -0.08864912338218087, -0.268341208325832, 0.05299926062636067, -0.16038396217274048, -0.20676689143251029, 0.09226745533305802, 0.05151581463412315, 0.0024476490216329694, -0.18484821860537132, 0.1291372590789511, 0.022707347088726237, 0.10855786404954415, -0.15096550134278783, -0.16678572086155846, -0.06265946351101905, 0.0997298338375653, 0.01217733910120192, 0.060695955382211, 0.0894401127900762, -0.14239903140280927, -0.0066278781622323936, 0.3711080927002643, -0.08577858473706458, 0.014088492711640097, 0.21059955839103037, -0.20611060976677567, -0.23779776739476283, 0.05259535028432895, 0.11861268372116943, 0.1130214694037152, -0.18285712260278938, 0.04092161277575152, -0.05814091297049474, 0.1964999981719302, 0.0710244417173921, 0.06055405843445832, 0.2787203932779708, 0.1141036387271015, 0.01646631568759663, 0.10799148555140294, -0.2483308218028729, -0.049789690963734756, -0.24068873780821118, -0.10953016347879643, -0.06417131544731092, 0.030815558280469953, -0.1551628287161293, -0.1645583431194869, 0.3205330365152414, 0.1001697238675011, 0.24462748552027083, -0.0301045522199794, 0.277996865109474, 0.07067413499005072, 0.08830923509542897, 0.12481058369719124, 0.32111515966893683, 0.1864239415008342, 0.06850188425232773, -0.2889702507527545, 0.08033106165489048, -0.01202940579969436]
708.1737
Lorentz Violation for Photons and Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Lorentz symmetry breaking at very high energies may lead to photon dispersion relations of the form omega^2=k^2+xi_n k^2(k/M_Pl)^n with new terms suppressed by a power n of the Planck mass M_Pl. We show that first and second order terms of size xi_1 > 10^(-14) and xi_2 < -10^(-6), respectively, would lead to a photon component in cosmic rays above 10^(19) eV that should already have been detected, if corresponding terms for electrons and positrons are significantly smaller. This suggests that Lorentz invariance breakings suppressed up to second order in the Planck scale are unlikely to be phenomenologically viable for photons.
astro-ph gr-qc
lorentz symmetry breaking at very high energies may lead to photon dispersion relations of the form omega2k2xi_n k2km_pln with new terms suppressed by a power n of the planck mass m_pl we show that first and second order terms of size xi_1 1014 and xi_2 106 respectively would lead to a photon component in cosmic rays above 1019 ev that should already have been detected if corresponding terms for electrons and positrons are significantly smaller this suggests that lorentz invariance breakings suppressed up to second order in the planck scale are unlikely to be phenomenologically viable for photons
[['lorentz', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'at', 'very', 'high', 'energies', 'may', 'lead', 'to', 'photon', 'dispersion', 'relations', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'omega2k2xi_n', 'k2km_pln', 'with', 'new', 'terms', 'suppressed', 'by', 'a', 'power', 'n', 'of', 'the', 'planck', 'mass', 'm_pl', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'first', 'and', 'second', 'order', 'terms', 'of', 'size', 'xi_1', '1014', 'and', 'xi_2', '106', 'respectively', 'would', 'lead', 'to', 'a', 'photon', 'component', 'in', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'above', '1019', 'ev', 'that', 'should', 'already', 'have', 'been', 'detected', 'if', 'corresponding', 'terms', 'for', 'electrons', 'and', 'positrons', 'are', 'significantly', 'smaller', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'lorentz', 'invariance', 'breakings', 'suppressed', 'up', 'to', 'second', 'order', 'in', 'the', 'planck', 'scale', 'are', 'unlikely', 'to', 'be', 'phenomenologically', 'viable', 'for', 'photons']]
[-0.11416842193769601, 0.3225030367551274, -0.0152420337399235, 0.10650250974746693, -0.06118916578028196, -0.07852761073202903, 0.006143217654122661, 0.3473047084601906, -0.2081134955418141, -0.3738233571057208, 0.020679542399496615, -0.3096217323327437, 0.013548964263463859, 0.19999216577950088, 0.018465780856786296, -0.0013753471624416609, -0.027829465480560128, 0.0030029306556874267, -0.07122379454328136, -0.23421036692646643, 0.24446013097137134, 0.13604554483511797, 0.2300910987826986, 0.09608562320257381, 0.08178835443686694, -0.11491674168792088, 0.029867965369097266, -0.020055483604664914, -0.09328800993648656, 0.06341423685322904, 0.21883650169183966, 0.01217513452949485, 0.18252760103011192, -0.40259084761783015, -0.1750484185552826, 0.14237707435434763, 0.1880887293179209, 0.04606744268676266, -0.035297909761235736, -0.27914057145486976, 0.13731144721289942, -0.18772900781671828, -0.15311104144105533, -0.08497579358906175, 0.017388409891282208, -0.055455150475609116, -0.2896546323754592, 0.1605225873014812, 0.0012088073369037982, -0.05684795824345201, -0.01993933869137739, -0.10071421697042145, -0.03490649297115548, 0.0036874436967385313, 0.13767805280076573, 0.06568343107937835, 0.12927138612697794, -0.10019796721705158, -0.07580815471495346, 0.46183581502797705, -0.07018635043884085, -0.11170033388771117, 0.12470982972687732, -0.21312947943321583, -0.19292675264296122, 0.2123586668021744, 0.1491205622248041, 0.03857855319802184, -0.1334177925309632, 0.07765851515978284, 0.026353449939051643, 0.22134670342590348, 0.1419378292921465, 0.08256855712291629, 0.23830081333289854, 0.07355333466936524, 0.08972774955570155, 0.0387809995530309, -0.08198132990704228, 0.018609281874281198, -0.3447243347521483, -0.10292548736712585, -0.1633703700111558, 0.11583133436700639, -0.1324842723402071, -0.047336884774267673, 0.3187362508882264, 0.15782752533777966, 0.2332217012105199, 0.05010600698490938, 0.22975625968441213, 0.1537799877599658, 0.1266635417341604, 0.0711185918044066, 0.32661921667749994, 0.09759274081443436, 0.042900438769720495, -0.18611041660369665, 0.004355362994829193, 0.023142222091943648]
708.1738
Measurement of the Branching Fractions of Exclusive anti-B -> D/D*/D(*) pi l- anti-nu_l Decays in Events Tagged by a Fully Reconstructed B Meson
We present a measurement of the branching fractions for anti-B -> D/D*/D(*) pi l^- anti-nu_l decays based on 341.1 fb-1 of data collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BaBar detector at the pep-II e^+e^- storage rings. Events are tagged by fully reconstructing one of the B mesons in a hadronic decay mode. We obtain BF (B^- -> D^0 l^- anti-nu_l) = (2.33 +/- 0.09(stat.) +/- 0.09(syst.))%, BF (B^- -> D^*0 l^- anti-nu_l) = (5.83 +/- 0.15(stat.) +/- 0.30(syst.))%, BF (B0bar -> D^+ l^- anti-nu_l) = (2.21 +/- 0.11(stat.) +/- 0.12(syst.))%, BF (B0bar -> D^*+ l^- anti-nu_l) = (5.49 +/- 0.16(stat.) +/- 0.25(syst.))%, BF (B^- -> D^+ pi^- l^- anti-nu_l) = (0.42 +/- 0.06(stat.) +/- 0.03(syst.))%, BF (B^- -> D^*+ pi^- l^- anti-nu_l) = (0.59 +/- 0.05(stat.) +/- 0.04(syst.))%, BF (B0bar -> D^0 pi^+ l^- anti-nu_l) = (0.43 +/- 0.08(stat.) +/- 0.03(syst.))% and BF (B0bar -> D^*0 pi^+ l^- anti-nu_l) = (0.48 +/- 0.08(stat.) +/- 0.04(syst.))%.
hep-ex
we present a measurement of the branching fractions for antib ddd pi l antinu_l decays based on 3411 fb1 of data collected at the upsilon4s resonance with the babar detector at the pepii ee storage rings events are tagged by fully reconstructing one of the b mesons in a hadronic decay mode we obtain bf b d0 l antinu_l 233 009stat 009syst bf b d0 l antinu_l 583 015stat 030syst bf b0bar d l antinu_l 221 011stat 012syst bf b0bar d l antinu_l 549 016stat 025syst bf b d pi l antinu_l 042 006stat 003syst bf b d pi l antinu_l 059 005stat 004syst bf b0bar d0 pi l antinu_l 043 008stat 003syst and bf b0bar d0 pi l antinu_l 048 008stat 004syst
[['we', 'present', 'a', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'branching', 'fractions', 'for', 'antib', 'ddd', 'pi', 'l', 'antinu_l', 'decays', 'based', 'on', '3411', 'fb1', 'of', 'data', 'collected', 'at', 'the', 'upsilon4s', 'resonance', 'with', 'the', 'babar', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'pepii', 'ee', 'storage', 'rings', 'events', 'are', 'tagged', 'by', 'fully', 'reconstructing', 'one', 'of', 'the', 'b', 'mesons', 'in', 'a', 'hadronic', 'decay', 'mode', 'we', 'obtain', 'bf', 'b', 'd0', 'l', 'antinu_l', '233', '009stat', '009syst', 'bf', 'b', 'd0', 'l', 'antinu_l', '583', '015stat', '030syst', 'bf', 'b0bar', 'd', 'l', 'antinu_l', '221', '011stat', '012syst', 'bf', 'b0bar', 'd', 'l', 'antinu_l', '549', '016stat', '025syst', 'bf', 'b', 'd', 'pi', 'l', 'antinu_l', '042', '006stat', '003syst', 'bf', 'b', 'd', 'pi', 'l', 'antinu_l', '059', '005stat', '004syst', 'bf', 'b0bar', 'd0', 'pi', 'l', 'antinu_l', '043', '008stat', '003syst', 'and', 'bf', 'b0bar', 'd0', 'pi', 'l', 'antinu_l', '048', '008stat', '004syst']]
[-0.22192081024910354, 0.2239670573474198, -0.014803648823261505, -0.025348635856062174, -0.033168234558586134, -0.25747548678095955, 0.124832675008859, 0.21419264379216998, -0.14841038911206433, -0.21153571354377954, -0.11428350681481028, -0.48080609464010254, 0.1382348079951938, 0.06501707315757932, 0.06874325707341071, 0.08874519309172117, 0.06704175017285542, -0.04482288458231898, -0.028550016969422328, -0.1292631671970069, -0.026613619331209384, -0.0801806394239796, 0.14931162065429399, -0.005838220496280271, -0.05334530356931729, 0.04834945126700017, -0.0720171223386939, -0.22552733691256555, -0.34144688538489404, -0.05873606557868131, 0.24895910602673643, 0.09040280184365015, 0.02869695682292346, -0.15243072678777772, 0.18952173008545317, 0.1726830598638683, 0.14629875823137822, -0.155820995317314, 0.15402098632413802, -0.4767894667924428, 0.2815115244707978, -0.1794076566088212, 0.0672157582441406, 0.024521707915929985, 0.3203813737128541, -0.190214961095423, -0.45708023903311273, 0.18544201287211942, -0.030892113559558742, 0.1788857912751617, 0.046260114772565905, -0.443938266027902, -0.07688802967733535, -0.19898492653976332, -0.06904727267864787, 0.32490630036784857, 0.15895746621593346, 0.0626258168247391, -0.14275435101790507, 0.30511151754953825, -0.09105583890264884, -0.09583185455899258, 0.09387031493929872, -0.2495577957473512, -0.0794267941716692, 0.2074857638751874, 0.21540456539645914, 0.04319356602128045, -0.1527046805598819, 0.2797692601724535, -0.0897993519215188, 0.17403237889597162, 0.15450610643344337, 0.046871993515151936, 0.06462481959539725, 0.1068755441419704, -0.10035929911995123, -0.06990255662774453, -0.20870618888780046, 0.14473254219857884, -0.4128252454894045, -0.11609132868833229, -0.050566991333817285, 0.2249466416532876, 0.019302410791274045, 0.05099344016701655, 0.2411743478971671, -0.11017531353300895, 0.38389507729987626, -0.0014445458798379195, 0.13472572839570796, -0.044143323259825104, -0.07870509590501286, 0.19436734838060057, 0.21745095463072667, 0.3083550909736392, 0.18613744284728634, -0.36339436636352146, -0.10315446033081437, 0.015426430416094964]
708.1739
The infinite valley for a recurrent random walk in random environment
We consider a one-dimensional recurrent random walk in random environment (RWRE). We show that the - suitably centered - empirical distributions of the RWRE converge weakly to a certain limit law which describes the stationary distribution of a random walk in an infinite valley. The construction of the infinite valley goes back to Golosov. As a consequence, we show weak convergence for both the maximal local time and the self-intersection local time of the RWRE and also determine the exact constant in the almost sure upper limit of the maximal local time.
math.PR
we consider a onedimensional recurrent random walk in random environment rwre we show that the suitably centered empirical distributions of the rwre converge weakly to a certain limit law which describes the stationary distribution of a random walk in an infinite valley the construction of the infinite valley goes back to golosov as a consequence we show weak convergence for both the maximal local time and the selfintersection local time of the rwre and also determine the exact constant in the almost sure upper limit of the maximal local time
[['we', 'consider', 'a', 'onedimensional', 'recurrent', 'random', 'walk', 'in', 'random', 'environment', 'rwre', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'suitably', 'centered', 'empirical', 'distributions', 'of', 'the', 'rwre', 'converge', 'weakly', 'to', 'a', 'certain', 'limit', 'law', 'which', 'describes', 'the', 'stationary', 'distribution', 'of', 'a', 'random', 'walk', 'in', 'an', 'infinite', 'valley', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'the', 'infinite', 'valley', 'goes', 'back', 'to', 'golosov', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'we', 'show', 'weak', 'convergence', 'for', 'both', 'the', 'maximal', 'local', 'time', 'and', 'the', 'selfintersection', 'local', 'time', 'of', 'the', 'rwre', 'and', 'also', 'determine', 'the', 'exact', 'constant', 'in', 'the', 'almost', 'sure', 'upper', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'maximal', 'local', 'time']]
[-0.13425936139701458, 0.16930904882594425, -0.11541476138093079, 0.09412864716906687, 0.014896947948073738, -0.12110644863562638, 0.12308337810459767, 0.36614015477636225, -0.28737904365812794, -0.1768360801062055, 0.13035102225866252, -0.2515059035648121, -0.1291248881169124, 0.1294905228142658, -0.03330778350446666, 0.07633356364402041, 0.014429286237429367, 0.07406633243676317, -0.041686541084304786, -0.26910674275066493, 0.24482240011716744, 0.018816302582789005, 0.28939009012047495, 0.01033807633800453, 0.1661019185400997, 0.06198223938202758, -0.025747595688464183, 0.004218156428568149, -0.13388885338203732, 0.02995108530511347, 0.1222848831126571, 0.022225780663697906, 0.32180459373578263, -0.414106927304581, -0.14819676918468144, 0.1840514785065996, 0.16055408797195453, 0.11225717850264916, -0.00507387026929914, -0.283707326612948, 0.07905785361922273, -0.1202948752665118, -0.2346348737659498, -0.003525196658342742, 0.037252067263876455, 0.11220177895065105, -0.2777969198866507, 0.0665091597916574, 0.15459712081996912, 0.015617069293512031, -0.04308436216074932, -0.02579530566574985, -0.0031691954649063978, 0.16132151408204704, 0.052557168553290325, -0.002205894815243697, 0.13514586347626167, -0.0825125336270319, -0.10690752090624628, 0.32708471077442003, -0.17751648564812508, -0.19052417976834046, 0.17515340439054403, -0.2267554404025667, -0.1640098592360619, 0.0801870415426707, 0.1628011687125048, 0.1443018931337126, -0.14660161028333593, 0.1707639194007314, -0.1283651145091385, 0.07609833717010026, 0.04316133820566903, 0.044376556970848795, 0.13744582922271129, 0.11722935130558071, 0.19227534466621915, 0.18200550981786814, -0.05926287527394931, -0.15948820448993298, -0.3398248548253199, -0.1438010364127989, -0.26540194120090665, 0.16938164693648727, -0.20802996087305278, -0.2739978524950448, 0.3905630721135086, 0.14640374809472162, 0.2549263470063216, 0.191210779122056, 0.2148875862653001, 0.17258040599519742, -0.035174213357667405, 0.13246551038843862, 0.1734861303487102, 0.14695341427800027, 0.07327951064197284, -0.17689488137538514, 0.07767370996180545, 0.11108749288688885]
708.174
Classical behavior of deformed sine-Gordon models
In this work we deform the phi^4 model with distinct deformation functions, to propose a diversity of sine-Gordon-like models. We investigate the proposed models and we obtain all the topological solutions they engender. In particular, we introduce non-polynomial potentials which support some exotic two-kink solutions.
nlin.PS hep-th
in this work we deform the phi4 model with distinct deformation functions to propose a diversity of sinegordonlike models we investigate the proposed models and we obtain all the topological solutions they engender in particular we introduce nonpolynomial potentials which support some exotic twokink solutions
[['in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'deform', 'the', 'phi4', 'model', 'with', 'distinct', 'deformation', 'functions', 'to', 'propose', 'a', 'diversity', 'of', 'sinegordonlike', 'models', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'proposed', 'models', 'and', 'we', 'obtain', 'all', 'the', 'topological', 'solutions', 'they', 'engender', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'introduce', 'nonpolynomial', 'potentials', 'which', 'support', 'some', 'exotic', 'twokink', 'solutions']]
[-0.1358351286293732, 0.09549496153162586, -0.09530066755574404, 0.11855471511630135, -0.07591057563614514, -0.17462482567255697, -0.010760247976415687, 0.36740956182281176, -0.23051015085851154, -0.2270307917147875, 0.030602888861257168, -0.25913215970827475, -0.2836995412906011, 0.08192633795551955, -0.06342360149655077, 0.05836168424122863, 0.0023050083054436577, -0.01340547591033909, -0.08993159882569064, -0.2546322811136229, 0.3557170708767242, -0.06676893565389845, 0.22976085878908634, 0.04566113313453065, 0.07014101518111096, -0.055651806946843865, 0.03588918841754397, 0.019699952585829628, -0.26320115476846695, 0.15258375161016982, 0.20568707279760726, 0.08828884905411137, 0.21494044028222561, -0.46004518187708326, -0.2816983221926623, 0.17796148607093426, 0.15322302859276532, 0.19485444592363718, -0.07453938161747323, -0.2589020222839382, 0.08223725623554654, -0.22436702902325326, -0.16360384992116855, -0.20527839853117863, -0.025806630640808077, 0.05869880918827322, -0.22606100775301458, 0.029664893531137042, 0.04755636867549684, -0.005590163481732209, -0.1738970587030053, -0.05664135097629494, 0.016985237422502703, 0.0542268964358502, 0.0672945408952526, -0.013130281591374013, 0.020468631790330014, -0.17829793070236014, -0.13503216828685255, 0.38050687559362917, -0.05636345071511136, -0.28540040420161356, 0.23764139910538992, -0.12689957262741194, -0.16384573597460986, 0.03376295699013604, 0.21022171409179766, 0.13827693942520353, -0.10216629047774606, 0.1252654689661641, -0.016568458835697835, 0.12437458447077208, 0.04538153157465988, 0.03594619606932004, 0.19109882012837462, 0.1277013636659831, 0.0074952471173471875, 0.1834202728337712, -0.010581926628947257, -0.10206392880322204, -0.33020858185158836, -0.14312337768367595, -0.06626162247784022, 0.031098770350217818, -0.0786073552958745, -0.23331922574175729, 0.48088024655977885, 0.2113386584031913, 0.2224199351337221, 0.08072425708847328, 0.19382503365890846, 0.13962439534564813, 0.09070390607747766, 0.06766425715759397, 0.21639001372128, 0.066643026471138, 0.0732223222653071, -0.15460246368828748, -0.03502337236164345, 0.10462359558377]
708.1741
The inner automorphism 3-group of a strict 2-group
Any group $G$ gives rise to a 2-group of inner automorphisms, $\mathrm{INN}(G)$. It is an old result by Segal that the nerve of this is the universal $G$-bundle. We discuss that, similarly, for every 2-group $G_{(2)}$ there is a 3-group $\mathrm{INN}(G_{(2)})$ and a slightly smaller 3-group $\mathrm{INN}_0(G_{(2)})$ of inner automorphisms. We describe these for $G_{(2)}$ any strict 2-group, discuss how $\mathrm{INN}_0(G_{(2)})$ can be understood as arising from the mapping cone of the identity on $G_{(2)}$ and show that its underlying 2-groupoid structure fits into a short exact sequence $G_{(2)} \to \mathrm{INN}_0(G_{(2)}) \to \Sigma G_{(2)}$. As a consequence, $\mathrm{INN}_0(G_{(2)})$ encodes the properties of the universal $G_{(2)}$ 2-bundle.
math.CT math.GR
any group g gives rise to a 2group of inner automorphisms mathrminng it is an old result by segal that the nerve of this is the universal gbundle we discuss that similarly for every 2group g_2 there is a 3group mathrminng_2 and a slightly smaller 3group mathrminn_0g_2 of inner automorphisms we describe these for g_2 any strict 2group discuss how mathrminn_0g_2 can be understood as arising from the mapping cone of the identity on g_2 and show that its underlying 2groupoid structure fits into a short exact sequence g_2 to mathrminn_0g_2 to sigma g_2 as a consequence mathrminn_0g_2 encodes the properties of the universal g_2 2bundle
[['any', 'group', 'g', 'gives', 'rise', 'to', 'a', '2group', 'of', 'inner', 'automorphisms', 'mathrminng', 'it', 'is', 'an', 'old', 'result', 'by', 'segal', 'that', 'the', 'nerve', 'of', 'this', 'is', 'the', 'universal', 'gbundle', 'we', 'discuss', 'that', 'similarly', 'for', 'every', '2group', 'g_2', 'there', 'is', 'a', '3group', 'mathrminng_2', 'and', 'a', 'slightly', 'smaller', '3group', 'mathrminn_0g_2', 'of', 'inner', 'automorphisms', 'we', 'describe', 'these', 'for', 'g_2', 'any', 'strict', '2group', 'discuss', 'how', 'mathrminn_0g_2', 'can', 'be', 'understood', 'as', 'arising', 'from', 'the', 'mapping', 'cone', 'of', 'the', 'identity', 'on', 'g_2', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'its', 'underlying', '2groupoid', 'structure', 'fits', 'into', 'a', 'short', 'exact', 'sequence', 'g_2', 'to', 'mathrminn_0g_2', 'to', 'sigma', 'g_2', 'as', 'a', 'consequence', 'mathrminn_0g_2', 'encodes', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'universal', 'g_2', '2bundle']]
[-0.19197315646586224, 0.09813319232279565, -0.13760878005100843, 0.11822787308931136, -0.1627699172554108, -0.1266487309924112, -0.015908035090363298, 0.40215802176568943, -0.3131434799064524, -0.21580351371533021, 0.09765702438576576, -0.20249291039810766, -0.15490191445300858, 0.1689937889812147, -0.14372563866289476, -0.15240168341272062, 0.03755352268742102, 0.1595398089624583, -0.09283244740800001, -0.19035046289522703, 0.35492069023446393, -0.04951414612766642, 0.18737779877623184, 0.051773170819685146, 0.0995238713400725, -0.009347338972684856, 0.04008777174525536, -0.011901409490607105, -0.17370949892315715, 0.08094962585108498, 0.25197809107171804, 0.11129321134201466, 0.14682442075697438, -0.3477781102978602, -0.12742452976146104, 0.15429253868597487, 0.15256575028447864, 0.023429428191425707, -0.017516040481635943, -0.2636275135894091, 0.14078063008268005, -0.2054617512610723, -0.151677909911646, -0.05569035371165508, 0.06885279021942271, -0.0548928735526995, -0.19819404882246788, 0.023084608036487434, 0.1433328171260655, 0.04912545330500087, -0.006631164291040757, -0.0965251187265564, -0.11558217637222977, 0.15062062862741116, 0.006146799542385941, 0.11349892129566377, 0.10099128768902468, -0.1045761602156115, -0.1366813922627793, 0.4213220232542461, -0.04868034370771896, -0.15560380652627478, 0.09144949402588491, -0.1168646672158502, -0.1810197845692388, 0.10429628267257403, 0.034643365870579146, 0.11046117979836148, -0.0426286617671744, 0.18165161133667704, -0.142656768215462, 0.1384964048450526, 0.07383537863587172, -0.010811280526328258, 0.13145598662902977, 0.12691896121563892, 0.1052608163221381, 0.12111073411674275, 0.0722506960580806, 0.03112407400756358, -0.37344385941441244, -0.14175000101162227, -0.09226641240261066, 0.21603929974102917, -0.13362395861426754, -0.17622208235283884, 0.4245062917381382, 0.032827894122769624, 0.1956935801382105, 0.09750826310930559, 0.21628673581513935, 0.042625322248428486, 0.10409173007624653, 0.06776624886641422, 0.13025894469599456, 0.25510182231888534, -0.08486992797294918, -0.179797786236472, -0.0328044975310779, 0.19661941893327123]
708.1742
Green functions and Euclidean fields near the bifurcate Killing horizon
We approximate a Euclidean version of a D+1 dimensional manifold with a bifurcate Killing horizon by a product of a two-dimensional Rindler space and a D-1 dimensional manifold M. We obtain approximate formulas for the Green functions. We study the behaviour of Green functions near the horizon and their dimensional reduction. We show that if M is compact then the massless minimally coupled quantum field contains a zero mode which is a conformal invariant free field on R^2. Then, the Green function near the horizon can be approximated by the Green function of the two-dimensional quantum field theory. The correction term is exponentially small away from the horizon. If the volume of a geodesic ball is growing to infinity with its radius then the Green function cannot be approximated by a two-dimensional one.
hep-th gr-qc math-ph math.MP
we approximate a euclidean version of a d1 dimensional manifold with a bifurcate killing horizon by a product of a twodimensional rindler space and a d1 dimensional manifold m we obtain approximate formulas for the green functions we study the behaviour of green functions near the horizon and their dimensional reduction we show that if m is compact then the massless minimally coupled quantum field contains a zero mode which is a conformal invariant free field on r2 then the green function near the horizon can be approximated by the green function of the twodimensional quantum field theory the correction term is exponentially small away from the horizon if the volume of a geodesic ball is growing to infinity with its radius then the green function cannot be approximated by a twodimensional one
[['we', 'approximate', 'a', 'euclidean', 'version', 'of', 'a', 'd1', 'dimensional', 'manifold', 'with', 'a', 'bifurcate', 'killing', 'horizon', 'by', 'a', 'product', 'of', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'rindler', 'space', 'and', 'a', 'd1', 'dimensional', 'manifold', 'm', 'we', 'obtain', 'approximate', 'formulas', 'for', 'the', 'green', 'functions', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'behaviour', 'of', 'green', 'functions', 'near', 'the', 'horizon', 'and', 'their', 'dimensional', 'reduction', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'if', 'm', 'is', 'compact', 'then', 'the', 'massless', 'minimally', 'coupled', 'quantum', 'field', 'contains', 'a', 'zero', 'mode', 'which', 'is', 'a', 'conformal', 'invariant', 'free', 'field', 'on', 'r2', 'then', 'the', 'green', 'function', 'near', 'the', 'horizon', 'can', 'be', 'approximated', 'by', 'the', 'green', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'twodimensional', 'quantum', 'field', 'theory', 'the', 'correction', 'term', 'is', 'exponentially', 'small', 'away', 'from', 'the', 'horizon', 'if', 'the', 'volume', 'of', 'a', 'geodesic', 'ball', 'is', 'growing', 'to', 'infinity', 'with', 'its', 'radius', 'then', 'the', 'green', 'function', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'approximated', 'by', 'a', 'twodimensional', 'one']]
[-0.1472316513901382, 0.13844678186205103, -0.11402936792001128, 0.06554304967884586, -0.07263079926253421, -0.13382480295249888, -0.008819314464405457, 0.3294602845768955, -0.23608438964974857, -0.17909556295750523, 0.16089414600990956, -0.29827144618994045, -0.16552620029438342, 0.16037102609024897, -0.03980155397193948, 0.01424891766075587, 0.01489495976181673, 0.11191478948136653, -0.10393971046467604, -0.218336313884747, 0.36557263722156746, 0.01190808413154098, 0.2279937743685389, 0.01850444792922753, 0.13393288894440047, 0.034820721974707584, 0.05348617454240127, 0.10946594398627718, -0.15273694147959868, 0.08802756097918349, 0.19158118373867292, 0.08774201282466859, 0.27141050392511623, -0.3752549371000991, -0.2114577803130039, 0.12449207721945288, 0.14627515581095896, 0.10564622505647894, -0.01992228679765544, -0.2677027901926481, 0.07926432644851061, -0.127845409437458, -0.23854225943796337, -0.03325601616082018, 0.04638009732363245, -0.02606562929012493, -0.25451124889373, 0.051374097573640407, 0.030677719055605467, 0.0006116140745024182, -0.07544624679565513, -0.03870700851887284, -0.0626643411467658, 0.09836322599813453, 0.028714231305769576, 0.11466324417903992, 0.14516899186367196, -0.09498799543969165, -0.06972966867554654, 0.31715176480391355, -0.13161413687448115, -0.2773203517504926, 0.13474987858711784, -0.20717592193022258, -0.03662352650009318, 0.14771245230934513, 0.14039127256220846, 0.18360825186011506, -0.1331648117542934, 0.22660613524529444, -0.055555737851041634, 0.1234902600191339, 0.09894939501241629, -0.003147629628291548, 0.24256933310222048, 0.08697167734629405, 0.11287055080478538, 0.181474067894099, -0.05953953220029431, -0.1000432346238574, -0.3635034269528158, -0.20760761694496135, -0.24562745528367744, 0.1477305179466398, -0.13570322677707683, -0.21978914180281617, 0.3553656978261615, 0.003951070911781827, 0.19941431164407908, 0.10354419888097988, 0.2548051154894282, 0.18776641289682697, 0.09295770289800338, 0.14076721355833335, 0.19500270663107286, 0.11450800194001909, 0.0495329292537992, -0.2086828178326502, -0.12059665299993731, 0.1462501676200625]
708.1743
Production of long-lived atomic vapor inside high-density buffer gas
Atomic vapor of four different paramagnetic species: gold, silver, lithium, and rubidium, is produced and studied inside several buffer gases: helium, nitrogen, neon, and argon. The paramagnetic atoms are injected into the buffer gas using laser ablation. Wires with diameters 25 $\mu$m, 50 $\mu$m, and 100 $\mu$m are used as ablation targets for gold and silver, bulk targets are used for lithium and rubidium. The buffer gas cools and confines the ablated atoms, slowing down their transport to the cell walls. Buffer gas temperatures between 20 K and 295 K, and densities between $10^{16}$ cm$^{-3}$ and $2\times10^{19}$ cm$^{-3}$ are explored. Peak paramagnetic atom densities of $10^{11}$ cm$^{-3}$ are routinely achieved. The longest observed paramagnetic vapor density decay times are 110 ms for silver at 20 K and 4 ms for lithium at 32 K. The candidates for the principal paramagnetic-atom loss mechanism are impurities in the buffer gas, dimer formation and atom loss on sputtered clusters.
physics.atom-ph
atomic vapor of four different paramagnetic species gold silver lithium and rubidium is produced and studied inside several buffer gases helium nitrogen neon and argon the paramagnetic atoms are injected into the buffer gas using laser ablation wires with diameters 25 mum 50 mum and 100 mum are used as ablation targets for gold and silver bulk targets are used for lithium and rubidium the buffer gas cools and confines the ablated atoms slowing down their transport to the cell walls buffer gas temperatures between 20 k and 295 k and densities between 1016 cm3 and 2times1019 cm3 are explored peak paramagnetic atom densities of 1011 cm3 are routinely achieved the longest observed paramagnetic vapor density decay times are 110 ms for silver at 20 k and 4 ms for lithium at 32 k the candidates for the principal paramagneticatom loss mechanism are impurities in the buffer gas dimer formation and atom loss on sputtered clusters
[['atomic', 'vapor', 'of', 'four', 'different', 'paramagnetic', 'species', 'gold', 'silver', 'lithium', 'and', 'rubidium', 'is', 'produced', 'and', 'studied', 'inside', 'several', 'buffer', 'gases', 'helium', 'nitrogen', 'neon', 'and', 'argon', 'the', 'paramagnetic', 'atoms', 'are', 'injected', 'into', 'the', 'buffer', 'gas', 'using', 'laser', 'ablation', 'wires', 'with', 'diameters', '25', 'mum', '50', 'mum', 'and', '100', 'mum', 'are', 'used', 'as', 'ablation', 'targets', 'for', 'gold', 'and', 'silver', 'bulk', 'targets', 'are', 'used', 'for', 'lithium', 'and', 'rubidium', 'the', 'buffer', 'gas', 'cools', 'and', 'confines', 'the', 'ablated', 'atoms', 'slowing', 'down', 'their', 'transport', 'to', 'the', 'cell', 'walls', 'buffer', 'gas', 'temperatures', 'between', '20', 'k', 'and', '295', 'k', 'and', 'densities', 'between', '1016', 'cm3', 'and', '2times1019', 'cm3', 'are', 'explored', 'peak', 'paramagnetic', 'atom', 'densities', 'of', '1011', 'cm3', 'are', 'routinely', 'achieved', 'the', 'longest', 'observed', 'paramagnetic', 'vapor', 'density', 'decay', 'times', 'are', '110', 'ms', 'for', 'silver', 'at', '20', 'k', 'and', '4', 'ms', 'for', 'lithium', 'at', '32', 'k', 'the', 'candidates', 'for', 'the', 'principal', 'paramagneticatom', 'loss', 'mechanism', 'are', 'impurities', 'in', 'the', 'buffer', 'gas', 'dimer', 'formation', 'and', 'atom', 'loss', 'on', 'sputtered', 'clusters']]
[-0.021745967204051635, 0.30512814379950626, 0.08201320212214223, -0.015208480491362994, 0.1305399338158989, -0.16613377450755046, 0.13336002248669823, 0.5060051116251176, -0.17878673718941787, -0.3674357221987579, 0.007301496207383611, -0.38097934043936194, 0.13867889072355483, 0.12967385873949575, 0.06491857103162235, 0.023281256731359227, -0.018623315098304904, -0.07999308562514583, -0.0358430884568201, -0.2639088190491161, 0.16267128230463113, 0.03084664343886318, 0.29191803001993966, 0.13657292375761654, 0.05899821289311794, -0.13374176153672798, 0.11987257937510168, -0.09270061792265023, -0.1755137903916259, 0.043581950762534453, 0.24230931582560222, -0.03402651476583654, 0.1897678868244252, -0.5091234377435138, -0.21347842740210435, -0.014797729656340615, 0.14164349866970893, 0.07316055986729841, -0.08764386030830323, -0.24608174767044763, 0.03147472674327512, -0.13077152337157918, -0.14057521083422245, 0.040196668846352444, 0.04542763457002659, 0.029524699859921972, -0.23874372999829752, 0.0984181409341193, -0.0017980359235568151, 0.11738591761358323, -0.10381946327585366, -0.21162634896294724, -0.042486690593162374, -0.0018353001785374457, -0.054050596672741154, 0.025286468977649367, 0.3563190237288513, -0.014740678704073352, 0.03805557105600113, 0.42056106182356034, -0.14995310184200325, 0.031337577615293766, 0.24689318727281306, -0.16524430303646612, 0.005251327099939508, 0.2888510540968949, 0.09441319807102122, 0.10655200542701829, -0.1544871519770353, -0.03410274504022973, -0.010926477720720633, 0.232211849655235, 0.25156944538616843, 0.057936906249773115, 0.25792793792882757, 0.20770865075830972, -0.012828569067642093, 0.11465520695032132, -0.2518351785402985, -0.017442308988181814, -0.1475634149365848, -0.1913456750372725, -0.13676118817172883, 0.03975991064367155, -0.0924853560773866, -0.060170389207140094, 0.23824982259182198, 0.0668322825988364, 0.17677843631245196, -0.0840151302726759, 0.28944977339236966, 0.03235372328499873, 0.0452715280886379, 0.0619912970240318, 0.20408929924090063, 0.23477965880958965, 0.08392150265374972, -0.276737539833712, 0.041410990691773834, -0.028544052000788432]
708.1744
Fermi surface nesting and the origin of Charge Density Waves in metals
The concept of a CDW induced by Fermi-surface nesting originated from the Peierls idea of electronic instabilities in purely 1D metals and is now often applied to charge ordering in real low-dimensional materials. The idea is that if Fermi surface contours coincide when shifted along the observed CDW wave vector, then the CDW is considered to be nesting-derived. We show that in most cases this procedure has no predictive power, since Fermi surfaces either do not nest at the right wave vector, or nest more strongly at the wrong vector. We argue that only a tiny fraction, if any, of the observed charge ordering phase transitions are true analogues of the Peierls instability because electronic instabilities are easily destroyed by even small deviations from perfect nesting conditions. Using prototypical CDW materials NbSe$_2$, TaSe$_2$, and CeTe$_3$, we show that such conditions are hardly ever fulfilled, and that the CDW phases are actually structural phase transitions, driven by the concerted action of electronic and ionic subsystems, \textit{i.e.,} \textbf{q}-dependent electron-phonon coupling plays an indispensable part. We also show mathematically that the original Peierls construction is so fragile as to be unlikely to apply to real materials. We argue that no meaningful distinction between a CDW and an incommensurate lattice transition exists.
cond-mat.mtrl-sci
the concept of a cdw induced by fermisurface nesting originated from the peierls idea of electronic instabilities in purely 1d metals and is now often applied to charge ordering in real lowdimensional materials the idea is that if fermi surface contours coincide when shifted along the observed cdw wave vector then the cdw is considered to be nestingderived we show that in most cases this procedure has no predictive power since fermi surfaces either do not nest at the right wave vector or nest more strongly at the wrong vector we argue that only a tiny fraction if any of the observed charge ordering phase transitions are true analogues of the peierls instability because electronic instabilities are easily destroyed by even small deviations from perfect nesting conditions using prototypical cdw materials nbse_2 tase_2 and cete_3 we show that such conditions are hardly ever fulfilled and that the cdw phases are actually structural phase transitions driven by the concerted action of electronic and ionic subsystems textitie textbfqdependent electronphonon coupling plays an indispensable part we also show mathematically that the original peierls construction is so fragile as to be unlikely to apply to real materials we argue that no meaningful distinction between a cdw and an incommensurate lattice transition exists
[['the', 'concept', 'of', 'a', 'cdw', 'induced', 'by', 'fermisurface', 'nesting', 'originated', 'from', 'the', 'peierls', 'idea', 'of', 'electronic', 'instabilities', 'in', 'purely', '1d', 'metals', 'and', 'is', 'now', 'often', 'applied', 'to', 'charge', 'ordering', 'in', 'real', 'lowdimensional', 'materials', 'the', 'idea', 'is', 'that', 'if', 'fermi', 'surface', 'contours', 'coincide', 'when', 'shifted', 'along', 'the', 'observed', 'cdw', 'wave', 'vector', 'then', 'the', 'cdw', 'is', 'considered', 'to', 'be', 'nestingderived', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'in', 'most', 'cases', 'this', 'procedure', 'has', 'no', 'predictive', 'power', 'since', 'fermi', 'surfaces', 'either', 'do', 'not', 'nest', 'at', 'the', 'right', 'wave', 'vector', 'or', 'nest', 'more', 'strongly', 'at', 'the', 'wrong', 'vector', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'only', 'a', 'tiny', 'fraction', 'if', 'any', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'charge', 'ordering', 'phase', 'transitions', 'are', 'true', 'analogues', 'of', 'the', 'peierls', 'instability', 'because', 'electronic', 'instabilities', 'are', 'easily', 'destroyed', 'by', 'even', 'small', 'deviations', 'from', 'perfect', 'nesting', 'conditions', 'using', 'prototypical', 'cdw', 'materials', 'nbse_2', 'tase_2', 'and', 'cete_3', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'such', 'conditions', 'are', 'hardly', 'ever', 'fulfilled', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'cdw', 'phases', 'are', 'actually', 'structural', 'phase', 'transitions', 'driven', 'by', 'the', 'concerted', 'action', 'of', 'electronic', 'and', 'ionic', 'subsystems', 'textitie', 'textbfqdependent', 'electronphonon', 'coupling', 'plays', 'an', 'indispensable', 'part', 'we', 'also', 'show', 'mathematically', 'that', 'the', 'original', 'peierls', 'construction', 'is', 'so', 'fragile', 'as', 'to', 'be', 'unlikely', 'to', 'apply', 'to', 'real', 'materials', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'no', 'meaningful', 'distinction', 'between', 'a', 'cdw', 'and', 'an', 'incommensurate', 'lattice', 'transition', 'exists']]
[-0.17776617678492646, 0.23951657158359366, -0.047778264515427424, 0.09747162217995405, -0.09115904649929822, -0.13451873835230482, 0.06691486708530524, 0.3926881692232112, -0.2858881820496217, -0.20339892506689847, 0.0456070964859976, -0.31287962546825265, -0.2231631314730073, 0.14635508108004766, 0.015598807741607566, -0.011815188135567475, 0.0017648235062878688, -0.017630993006570103, -0.1253768277238123, -0.21531772236983987, 0.3380240454899093, 0.008751381255315563, 0.2965910554732404, 0.06098626688737603, 0.03505222167530395, -0.025968541487829885, 0.11151652331283153, 0.03173491088125833, -0.12982716225776386, 0.02086852988436167, 0.3082793143507798, -0.006586912456556287, 0.2175094994526465, -0.4687912938121742, -0.2238074756368432, 0.08362848978168648, 0.12245173942528267, 0.1397409454944263, -0.04628295172027084, -0.2686326868116666, 0.08969672146316582, -0.14065667687806763, -0.11467244906703607, -0.1181598204901234, 0.008412284758484479, -0.026733400652781854, -0.21920863490153863, 0.12001272772189606, 0.09511791065208686, 0.06770926289536168, -0.1059442052506905, -0.08733398504374386, -0.12139885130652579, 0.03488587119994635, 0.05923773029150026, 0.08816633543826966, 0.13706289605210417, -0.10416900858597251, -0.08736794057993888, 0.40598226990550756, -0.009735706915572575, -0.15123045801194113, 0.1939726184355095, -0.18358489465160868, -0.0968133602918632, 0.19926078902846836, 0.05831654409220153, 0.024688679496622058, -0.10139349538040883, 0.041635019862651376, -0.009757975392010813, 0.18675514760097145, 0.06580365186803568, 0.049093287857192865, 0.26057872598656245, 0.12336087359078184, 0.07582664055788202, 0.07704877800611074, -0.06522134146698326, -0.05930390369341464, -0.2619115842316408, -0.15096818389570527, -0.24599203037197512, 0.02202568368057187, -0.012675614206635199, -0.2014399065497078, 0.3453568211684311, 0.1693667169986406, 0.18968456232856995, -0.06645925556314042, 0.22255677877568178, 0.10315820267559617, 0.07143306324469803, 0.06488418698003426, 0.2670718039797384, 0.09941454934864984, 0.06539157886217457, -0.2124436037915587, 0.10556750240265528, 0.04672035197057711]
708.1745
A universal deformation formula for Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra without any projective structure
We construct a universal deformation formula for Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra without any projective structure using Fedosov's quantization of symplectic diffeomorphisms.
math.QA math.SG
we construct a universal deformation formula for connesmoscovicis hopf algebra without any projective structure using fedosovs quantization of symplectic diffeomorphisms
[['we', 'construct', 'a', 'universal', 'deformation', 'formula', 'for', 'connesmoscovicis', 'hopf', 'algebra', 'without', 'any', 'projective', 'structure', 'using', 'fedosovs', 'quantization', 'of', 'symplectic', 'diffeomorphisms']]
[-0.27995859780348836, 0.015707515319809316, -0.13901640344411134, 0.08948507094755768, -0.23147108117118478, -0.21157597650308163, -0.03113729690667242, 0.31236978657543657, -0.3408422276377678, -0.12750386409461498, 0.07423090643715113, -0.09871933152899146, -0.23503603991121053, 0.19118434195406736, -0.21136406189762055, -0.006212571891956032, 0.0973869712324813, 0.10787190168630331, -0.28840232118964193, -0.15234919972717761, 0.482620008289814, -0.013669346313690767, 0.22290171715430915, -0.023481613490730524, 0.2442482619546354, 0.07396364072337747, 0.03143909154459834, -0.02176966853439808, -0.23097421273123472, 0.06738076359033585, 0.3003001058823429, 0.02869671694934368, 0.0770063120056875, -0.3641289951279759, -0.14834880074486137, 0.18882964341901243, 0.1655692405998707, 0.12335866903886199, -0.03714306503534317, -0.3057939309161156, 0.10568029903806746, -0.28899035388603805, -0.16636599451303483, -0.22867807000875473, 0.040617069508880374, -0.10594529225490987, -0.17668711723817979, -0.01834274800494313, 0.12641411889344453, 0.23866953966207802, -0.14263645336031913, 0.0314124321565032, -0.13119179252535104, 0.06581145336385816, -0.15443391902372242, 0.0652397213736549, 0.18864000861067326, -0.004774152720347047, -0.17602576287463306, 0.31486607138067485, -0.02490870454348624, -0.38217264544218776, -0.041801073489477855, -0.1588867184938863, -0.2558395629748702, 0.12940696738660334, -0.0198290696949698, 0.13345943046733738, 0.006609828115324489, 0.2835589095950127, -0.08836274351924658, 0.025086446106433867, 0.14613346103578806, -0.07576260869391263, 0.08542978847399355, 0.02817681977758184, 0.05571786565706134, 0.13204336082562804, 0.03232369762845337, -0.07752721244469285, -0.42981607392430304, -0.21920536323450507, -0.054810000397264955, 0.3125109533313662, -0.19107252159155905, -0.22363530257716774, 0.355629074992612, -0.0006150085479021073, 0.20566236237064003, 0.1627270779106766, 0.2118463722988963, 0.03553458200767636, 0.16523660137318075, 0.04270110982470214, 0.05814507156610489, 0.31845886521041394, -0.07535168444737791, -0.10941475911531598, -0.12130576570052654, 0.37326320996508]
708.1746
Social diversity and promotion of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game
The diversity in wealth and social status is present not only among humans, but throughout the animal world. We account for this observation by generating random variables that determ ine the social diversity of players engaging in the prisoner's dilemma game. Here the term social diversity is used to address extrinsic factors that determine the mapping of game pay offs to individual fitness. These factors may increase or decrease the fitness of a player depending on its location on the spatial grid. We consider different distributions of extrin sic factors that determine the social diversity of players, and find that the power-law distribution enables the best promotion of cooperation. The facilitation of the cooperative str ategy relies mostly on the inhomogeneous social state of players, resulting in the formation of cooperative clusters which are ruled by socially high-ranking players that are able to prevail against the defectors even when there is a large temptation to defect. To confirm this, we also study the impact of spatially correlated social diversity and find that coopera tion deteriorates as the spatial correlation length increases. Our results suggest that the distribution of wealth and social status might have played a crucial role by the evolution of cooperation amongst egoistic individuals.
physics.soc-ph physics.gen-ph q-bio.PE
the diversity in wealth and social status is present not only among humans but throughout the animal world we account for this observation by generating random variables that determ ine the social diversity of players engaging in the prisoners dilemma game here the term social diversity is used to address extrinsic factors that determine the mapping of game pay offs to individual fitness these factors may increase or decrease the fitness of a player depending on its location on the spatial grid we consider different distributions of extrin sic factors that determine the social diversity of players and find that the powerlaw distribution enables the best promotion of cooperation the facilitation of the cooperative str ategy relies mostly on the inhomogeneous social state of players resulting in the formation of cooperative clusters which are ruled by socially highranking players that are able to prevail against the defectors even when there is a large temptation to defect to confirm this we also study the impact of spatially correlated social diversity and find that coopera tion deteriorates as the spatial correlation length increases our results suggest that the distribution of wealth and social status might have played a crucial role by the evolution of cooperation amongst egoistic individuals
[['the', 'diversity', 'in', 'wealth', 'and', 'social', 'status', 'is', 'present', 'not', 'only', 'among', 'humans', 'but', 'throughout', 'the', 'animal', 'world', 'we', 'account', 'for', 'this', 'observation', 'by', 'generating', 'random', 'variables', 'that', 'determ', 'ine', 'the', 'social', 'diversity', 'of', 'players', 'engaging', 'in', 'the', 'prisoners', 'dilemma', 'game', 'here', 'the', 'term', 'social', 'diversity', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'address', 'extrinsic', 'factors', 'that', 'determine', 'the', 'mapping', 'of', 'game', 'pay', 'offs', 'to', 'individual', 'fitness', 'these', 'factors', 'may', 'increase', 'or', 'decrease', 'the', 'fitness', 'of', 'a', 'player', 'depending', 'on', 'its', 'location', 'on', 'the', 'spatial', 'grid', 'we', 'consider', 'different', 'distributions', 'of', 'extrin', 'sic', 'factors', 'that', 'determine', 'the', 'social', 'diversity', 'of', 'players', 'and', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'powerlaw', 'distribution', 'enables', 'the', 'best', 'promotion', 'of', 'cooperation', 'the', 'facilitation', 'of', 'the', 'cooperative', 'str', 'ategy', 'relies', 'mostly', 'on', 'the', 'inhomogeneous', 'social', 'state', 'of', 'players', 'resulting', 'in', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'cooperative', 'clusters', 'which', 'are', 'ruled', 'by', 'socially', 'highranking', 'players', 'that', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'prevail', 'against', 'the', 'defectors', 'even', 'when', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'large', 'temptation', 'to', 'defect', 'to', 'confirm', 'this', 'we', 'also', 'study', 'the', 'impact', 'of', 'spatially', 'correlated', 'social', 'diversity', 'and', 'find', 'that', 'coopera', 'tion', 'deteriorates', 'as', 'the', 'spatial', 'correlation', 'length', 'increases', 'our', 'results', 'suggest', 'that', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'wealth', 'and', 'social', 'status', 'might', 'have', 'played', 'a', 'crucial', 'role', 'by', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'cooperation', 'amongst', 'egoistic', 'individuals']]
[-0.1178381160710763, 0.11119743110727298, -0.07510056188745, 0.10358602443760685, -0.07945928104350915, -0.1445739421449454, 0.11535901625151976, 0.4163014377734744, -0.24820032176368012, -0.29652218891326154, 0.040456521880955866, -0.2801999551622142, -0.22192735218392262, 0.06337001898105828, -0.09354372767703885, -0.0860202425815935, 0.04268304052034227, 0.03316837636809243, 0.07541169262592598, -0.31218096587258287, 0.3722505859153502, 0.07375850619766677, 0.31017054671693667, 0.056572374627270765, 0.07937385057815809, 0.019492251429669927, -0.06905107264519937, 0.03528933363072205, -0.12488468144258852, 0.10541665116192468, 0.28925843143577473, 0.19190894354233923, 0.3850673885513466, -0.4040918735381548, -0.208629410158633, 0.14026646227933154, 0.1664685489783308, 0.09395638209396494, -0.02240388362788328, -0.27263163813588087, 0.05734686240511209, -0.1710046728759414, -0.09410928007005484, -0.043699960470992595, 0.012677371282923487, 0.06422661210982, -0.25897729211967524, 0.046501942522250955, 0.017438432851824726, 0.07818353223144123, -0.03527239771700455, -0.1350875604565781, -0.0535694578383579, 0.2473375556034112, 0.0897598177831998, -0.0407600208810337, 0.16121983217504243, -0.1886207979923981, -0.1474193154328784, 0.38785079979605164, -0.013191612624093005, -0.14429822635616749, 0.18332340329940808, -0.15905187917541308, -0.1185455021598563, 0.09123788314345892, 0.20038087874861885, 0.06274904659257667, -0.1333159751776464, -0.012397284682904656, -0.0567686450782942, 0.20655410961561496, 0.05655751372733624, 0.07058017478223041, 0.17707532921939684, 0.16556206181596983, 0.11364162095827005, 0.05145159470998581, -0.02705142833407747, -0.18864026958915855, -0.19888039665195242, -0.10956995202704461, -0.15292940497638122, 0.05632982677076989, -0.15371103998530647, -0.12907583857102706, 0.36980307288467884, 0.14604651032068702, 0.14485669649888458, 0.06684019811748813, 0.22391949478066572, 0.039219397607738946, 0.0578304310738441, 0.04105066645908916, 0.2181041055816539, 0.014921996490637966, 0.12655629722475267, -0.28676050449006885, 0.202828759710203, -0.0417809889243805]
708.1747
Orbits in the Field of a Gravitating Magnetic Monopole
Orbits of test particles and light rays are an important tool to study the properties of space-time metrics. Here we systematically study the properties of the gravitational field of a globally regular magnetic monopole in terms of the geodesics of test particles and light. The gravitational field depends on two dimensionless parameters, defined as ratios of the characteristic mass scales present. For critical values of these parameters the resulting metric coefficients develop a singular behavior, which has profound influence on the properties of the resulting space-time and which is clearly reflected in the orbits of the test particles and light rays.
gr-qc
orbits of test particles and light rays are an important tool to study the properties of spacetime metrics here we systematically study the properties of the gravitational field of a globally regular magnetic monopole in terms of the geodesics of test particles and light the gravitational field depends on two dimensionless parameters defined as ratios of the characteristic mass scales present for critical values of these parameters the resulting metric coefficients develop a singular behavior which has profound influence on the properties of the resulting spacetime and which is clearly reflected in the orbits of the test particles and light rays
[['orbits', 'of', 'test', 'particles', 'and', 'light', 'rays', 'are', 'an', 'important', 'tool', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'spacetime', 'metrics', 'here', 'we', 'systematically', 'study', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'gravitational', 'field', 'of', 'a', 'globally', 'regular', 'magnetic', 'monopole', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'geodesics', 'of', 'test', 'particles', 'and', 'light', 'the', 'gravitational', 'field', 'depends', 'on', 'two', 'dimensionless', 'parameters', 'defined', 'as', 'ratios', 'of', 'the', 'characteristic', 'mass', 'scales', 'present', 'for', 'critical', 'values', 'of', 'these', 'parameters', 'the', 'resulting', 'metric', 'coefficients', 'develop', 'a', 'singular', 'behavior', 'which', 'has', 'profound', 'influence', 'on', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'resulting', 'spacetime', 'and', 'which', 'is', 'clearly', 'reflected', 'in', 'the', 'orbits', 'of', 'the', 'test', 'particles', 'and', 'light', 'rays']]
[-0.16339993044863096, 0.17353272821312185, -0.11752299436985857, 0.07532175671479821, -0.04682889652650545, -0.04191191330791848, -0.022083492747895273, 0.3050750486995324, -0.21758235586198546, -0.30341540824732566, 0.05730028853677951, -0.261772021342364, -0.14328263541406924, 0.23490788053610537, 0.007070034599429605, 0.04044466315769235, 0.02392337927686991, 0.061268329682603186, -0.07332632605834763, -0.21712312719203752, 0.390872408133369, 0.08911060963268622, 0.23393605646243928, 0.061782232319733295, 0.12783700297817147, -0.007594082218659396, -0.016811359351002933, 0.05776227574039361, -0.16960418680313938, 0.08763397106956138, 0.12769860302162642, 0.0987918067926375, 0.1821136100143932, -0.3807845912080738, -0.21180293446240744, 0.1174110974932071, 0.14462027421663745, 0.05051545754287134, -0.049068477560332655, -0.28356904964340796, 0.058172566322886414, -0.07179827222803442, -0.19846261161757578, -0.03430077435430324, 0.05589240243759855, 0.07482649151484787, -0.22303101579926096, 0.048786423805326516, 0.05600537273036962, 0.05848154010675331, -0.08575043553892191, -0.07541445118956047, -0.0188009460862394, 0.12200000453371518, 0.1613713215626223, -0.011708901083963637, 0.19456205682570835, -0.13927313794398052, -0.09121200534063253, 0.42564728665442236, -0.0754988998506624, -0.21617804976678132, 0.17806493789695277, -0.18931581134824912, -0.08849970312641546, 0.1116922971110164, 0.24040650008338513, 0.18569856843828123, -0.15662796282679728, 0.11412165075365344, -0.013473513158093585, 0.15064587386896705, 0.06970812237849182, 0.08335064018910548, 0.28239048381179277, 0.11882541796635135, 0.017943809961549716, 0.10889072470034998, -0.11415852465215001, -0.05623265377955862, -0.29538751895179843, -0.17954611126333475, -0.14348217323053591, 0.04442235357174189, -0.16674402249587406, -0.2176372199826459, 0.45637422859078586, 0.12670055575355296, 0.1957114651836086, 0.0069850134031644254, 0.25403670638357057, 0.10768503032389586, 0.011186796821432539, 0.06313854027170651, 0.3296051975063021, 0.157507965119906, 0.055948093837809444, -0.23274694115273875, 0.01664104459272458, 0.0622375886034368]
708.1748
r-Process Nucleosynthesis in Shocked Surface Layers of O-Ne-Mg Cores
We demonstrate that rapid expansion of the shocked surface layers of an O-Ne-Mg core following its collapse can result in r-process nucleosynthesis. As the supernova shock accelerates through these layers, it makes them expand so rapidly that free nucleons remain in disequilibrium with alpha-particles throughout most of the expansion. This allows heavy r-process isotopes including the actinides to form in spite of the very low initial neutron excess of the matter. We estimate that yields of heavy r-process nuclei from this site may be sufficient to explain the Galactic inventory of these isotopes.
astro-ph
we demonstrate that rapid expansion of the shocked surface layers of an onemg core following its collapse can result in rprocess nucleosynthesis as the supernova shock accelerates through these layers it makes them expand so rapidly that free nucleons remain in disequilibrium with alphaparticles throughout most of the expansion this allows heavy rprocess isotopes including the actinides to form in spite of the very low initial neutron excess of the matter we estimate that yields of heavy rprocess nuclei from this site may be sufficient to explain the galactic inventory of these isotopes
[['we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'rapid', 'expansion', 'of', 'the', 'shocked', 'surface', 'layers', 'of', 'an', 'onemg', 'core', 'following', 'its', 'collapse', 'can', 'result', 'in', 'rprocess', 'nucleosynthesis', 'as', 'the', 'supernova', 'shock', 'accelerates', 'through', 'these', 'layers', 'it', 'makes', 'them', 'expand', 'so', 'rapidly', 'that', 'free', 'nucleons', 'remain', 'in', 'disequilibrium', 'with', 'alphaparticles', 'throughout', 'most', 'of', 'the', 'expansion', 'this', 'allows', 'heavy', 'rprocess', 'isotopes', 'including', 'the', 'actinides', 'to', 'form', 'in', 'spite', 'of', 'the', 'very', 'low', 'initial', 'neutron', 'excess', 'of', 'the', 'matter', 'we', 'estimate', 'that', 'yields', 'of', 'heavy', 'rprocess', 'nuclei', 'from', 'this', 'site', 'may', 'be', 'sufficient', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'galactic', 'inventory', 'of', 'these', 'isotopes']]
[-0.026629243869715, 0.22173556567921418, -0.06273594616301438, 0.11113097597544472, -0.019781386782665566, -0.048499599684991186, 0.08045759081079434, 0.35851136915465837, -0.26662759933124985, -0.27328343903746016, -0.025723644300684412, -0.31150364858033863, 0.004204362111982279, 0.15137605627457942, -0.0054055150918742665, -0.05867844886554565, 0.12363389891231813, 0.006161106434921103, -0.08985054288910682, -0.24810710150037482, 0.3231207230528917, 0.1310069014578657, 0.16907464109251016, 0.05520136964317131, 0.009557203880401068, -0.11205205703855202, 0.014100780027107365, -0.09291682844000157, -0.06390505039090258, 0.09057786361744968, 0.24227462883901618, 0.176108525495135, 0.18428221336936437, -0.5126152820785039, -0.2238941866308651, 0.09958369757038771, 0.22905401280650528, 0.15797507249179385, -0.14054740591084844, -0.20908434006075063, 0.0765188318246635, -0.27036552659926877, -0.1845125823271691, -0.05208589688884795, 0.017515412822205534, 0.09957967269965397, -0.2388232163484058, 0.07109404871520657, 0.04698128921170068, -0.01644491652146943, -0.1081394350189986, -0.13761711510158675, -0.043751776458755616, 0.062039256196028444, 0.15815952218948834, -0.008615273444022062, 0.19045223563569047, -0.11941156473751831, 0.050051814961617674, 0.4384058553284855, -0.05595332587398188, 0.017530584079463795, 0.1941475746927843, -0.21627337585694045, -0.17667526503904693, 0.1909619040827277, 0.1423300842138668, 0.1276801345689643, -0.15741790744966716, 0.03353265937579225, -0.008162926189020597, 0.16058664174339865, 0.08559873886406422, 0.004995369636319122, 0.27323950351946935, 0.20818288479581154, 0.017619573360969944, 0.07206908891212836, -0.1676749465464469, -0.06869634790145741, -0.2944532950779283, -0.16542597266254566, -0.0972353597321818, 0.06667281972664979, -0.11569988910329118, -0.19031192648777817, 0.32477104477334007, 0.12316898034349764, 0.1875745248154647, -0.0858216647269024, 0.25634438914036556, 0.028655218026195202, 0.06810950496364185, 0.10027685087494632, 0.31356929078377704, 0.19333939933748814, 0.09631973489498098, -0.26437861872186025, 0.18127999931914351, 0.05855934251530436]