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### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon \| electric potential: Evoked potential * are useful when it becomes necessary to test the integrity of the sensory pathway. * is electric potential * predict the clinical changes in a multiple sclerosis drug study. Electric resistance * generates heat, which melts the metal. * is an electrical phenomenon Electrical resistance * depends upon the composition of the conductor and is measured in ohms. - due to scattering of electrons within a material - greater in a wire that is hot - units called ohms * is the force that is in the way of the flow of current - opposition a conductor offers to the migration of electrons - ratio of the voltage applied to the electrical current it produces Impedance * is A. a value associated with a capacitor - computed as a weighted combination of distance, time, and cost factors - expressed in ohms * is the degree to which an electronic component impedes the flow of current - measure of the resistance that a speaker puts on an amplifier - resistance of all the parts of a system added together * is the resistance to current flow from amplifier in a speaker - the flow of alternating current - used in network routing and allocation ### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon \| impedance: Acoustic impedance * is an intermediate property directly related to the data - the tendency of an object to resist being driven at a certain frequency * ratio of pressure to flow.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon: Inductance * can be in phase or out of phase. * depends entirely on the physical construction of the circuit. - property that is proportional to the magnetic field - increased by winding the coil in layers * is the basic principle for the operation of electric generators - property of a coil resisting changes in current flow - tendency of an element to store magnetic energy - what opposes change in current in a circuit * linear function by unit length. * makes it impossible to stop current immediately. * represents energy storage in space as a magnetic field. Pyroelectricity * is also a necessary consequence of ferroelectricity * material property explored for sensor development. + Ceramic, Properties of ceramics, Electrical properties, Ferroelectricity and its relatives * In turn, pyroelectricity is seen most strongly in materials which also display the ferroelectric effect, in which a stable electric dipole can be oriented or reversed by applying an electrostatic field. Pyroelectricity is also a necessary consequence of ferroelectricity.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon: Reactance * arises when someone threatens our freedom of action. * can distort the changes in voltage that signify the ones and zeros in a digital signal. * contributes to most of the total impedance at low frequency. * depends upon the frequency and the inductance or capacitance. * function of frequency and relates to harmonics. - intense motivational state - different than resistance, but like resistance it is measured in ohms - introduced when a circuit contains an inductor or capacitor - variable with frequency - in capacitances inversely * refers to the motivation to react or rebel against restriction.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon: Resistivity * allows changes in soil layering, including depths to anomalous areas, to be identified. * can be in the realm of stainless steel. * increases with air saturation. * is an electrical phenomenon - intrinsic property of the material - temperature dependent * is the measure of a material's effectiveness in resisting current flow - property of a material that resists the flow of electrical current - reciprocal of conductivity * measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current. * method used to identify underlying deposits without excavation. * refers to the ability of substances to resist current flow.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| electrical phenomenon \| resistivity: Electrical resistivity * is also inverse of electrical conductivity - the reciprocal of conductivity. * ' concept in electrical engineering. It measure of how much an electrical conductor stops the flow of electricity through it. Most metals have a very low electrical resistivity. The SI uses the ohm metre for measuring how much electrical resistivity there is. Electrical resistivity is also inverse of electrical conductivity. This term is more meaningful in case of semiconductors and insulators Volume resistivity * is the resistance to leakage current through the body of an insulating material. * measure of the bulk electrical resistance of a unit cube of a material. Skin effect * are the most common effects in people who are sensitive to nickel. * depends on conductivity of the metal and on frequency of the current. Force field * Most force fields contain energy. * Some force fields use dipole-dipole interactions in place of the simple coulombic terms above. * flash and sparkle as they take damage until they ultimately fizzle out. Free energy * changes the whole structure of economics, and life returns to simplicity. * is an equalizer - available to fuel the cell processes of living things - energy available to cause continuing change in the system - given off in an exergonic reaction - released in spontaneous reactions * is the energy available from a reaction that can be used for other purposes - that can be made available to do work Fundamental interaction * are distinct but few, and are described by fields. * physical phenomenon ### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| fundamental interaction: Electromagnetic interaction * are interactions between particles mediated by photons. * is fundamental interaction Strong force * Some strong forces cause gases. * overcome repulsion. Strong interaction * cause quarks to combine into hadrons. * have nothing to do with the absorption of electrons. Weak force * acts between weak charges and is responcible for the nuclear decay reactions. * involve exchanges - the attraction of the electrons of one atom for the protons of another atom * is believed to be able to change the flavour of a quark - one the four forces that order the universe + W and Z bosons, Creation of W and Z bosons, Beta Decay: Elementary particles Greenhouse effect * Most greenhouse effects occur in environments. * is the reason behind global warming and climate change.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon: Inversion * are abnormalities - an important generator of wind across the continental interior - books - chemical processes - common in insects - conformal - motion - mutation - variation - weather conditions that trap industrial emissions in valley areas * can occur at almost any altitude - the surface or aloft in the atmosphere * cause partial sterility. * develop in the tropics when subtropical high pressure systems produce sinking air. * form at night as cool air pools in lower elevations while the air aloft remains warm. * happen as cold air drains down mountainsides to pool in the valleys. * have the classic double loop at meiosis, and have no crossovers when heterozygotes. * health promoting technique whose benefits have been well accepted for centuries. * helps drain the liver of accumulated venous blood - to gently stretch muscles and ligaments * is an easier way to reverse gravity and is decompressive - especially intense over water and can instantly degrade visibility to zero - more common under high pressure with clear skies and light winds * is the action of turning the sole of the foot inward, towards the opposite foot - modus operandi of the socialist, the devil's disciple - to denial what jet fuel is to an air war - why West Yellowstone is often the coldest spot in the nation in winter * means another location for a chord, and different finger positions. * normally occur at dawn, dusk, or night. * occur in the atmosphere all the time and are responsible for a variety of weather. * occur when a large chunk of DNA gets turned upside down on the chromosome - stretch of DNA on the chromosomebecomes reversed in direction - cold stable air layers form above warmer air * play an important role in determining cloud forms, precipitation, and visibility. * preserve angles. * procedure that flips the magnitudes about a pivot point. * promote a feeling of lightness in the organs at once. * recruits gravity's help in getting more blood to the brain. * refers to the randomised exchange of alleles in chromosomes. * relaxes and stretched tensed up muscles and adds to flexibility and lubrication of joints. * restrict vertical air circulation. * tend to dissipate during the middle of the day when wind currents mix the air layers. * trap a dense layer of cold air under a layer of warm air.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| inversion: Temperature inversion * are a result of other weather conditions in an area - where air at the surface is cooler than the air above * can enhance the severity of a photochemical smog episode - notoriously result in freezing rain in cold climates * limit or prevent the vertical mixing of air. * occur most frequently along coastal areas bordering large bodies of water - when warm air forms a cap above cool, stable air * tend to trap air pollution near the surface. Thermal inversion * act like a lid over the basin. * can trap pollutants close to the ground.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon: Meteor shower * All meteor showers have their own radiant. * Most meteor showers are active between midnight and dawn - spawned by comets - happen when Earth crosses the orbit of a comet - have their origins with comets * Most meteor showers occur when a large asteroid falls to the earth - the earth passes through the debris tail left behind by a comet - result from debris that that boils off a comet when it passes close to the sun - take place when the Earth passes through the debris left behind by a comet * Some meteor showers produce about the same rate of meteors around the same date every year. ### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| optical phenomenon: Interference fringe * formed by the etalon are conjugate with the sky. * is an optical phenomenon * show the magnitude and the location of localized deformation.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| optical phenomenon: Optical aberration * changes the apparent form of the lattice as well. * is an optical phenomenon<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| optical phenomenon: Optical illusion * Many optical illusions change the way lines and geometric shapes appear. * are a category of perceptual failures - also useful in a small space - everywhere - one way of looking at the concept of paradigm - the best known and understood - tricks played on the brain * can be both fun and a learning experience for kids - deceive the eyes * fool the eye in judging the distance and speed of the train. - imagery * occur when the brain misinterprets visual signals. * play tricks on our perception of images. + Illusion, Optical illusions: Illusions * Optical illusions are the best known and understood. Because they are illusions common to most people, it follows that they are a product of the visual system. The visual system, from the retina to the visual cortex, is what is common to most humans. ### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| optical phenomenon \| optical illusion: Apparent motion * Some apparent motion is caused by earth rotation * is optical illusion - the basis of movement in all television, movies, and computer animation ### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon \| optical phenomenon \| parallax: Motion parallax * can provide useful depth information for people with low vision. * has problems in when there is any motion in the scene. * is one of the depth cues in real life. * monocular depth cue that can provide a vivid and reliable depth percept. Trajectory * Trajectories are the flight paths of objects - define the finger contact motions during manipulation - refer to long-term patterns of behavior and are marked by a sequence of transitions - simulation of a flying object * is what gives dogs the innate ability to plot an angle and predict an angle of movement. Violent storm * Many violent storms occur on Jupiter. * Most violent storms have wind. * Some violent storms carry amounts. * cause overwash that rearranges large amounts of sand. * occur at frontal boundaries. * rage each winter.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural phenomenon \| physical phenomenon: Weather condition * Most weather conditions affect appearances - movement - visibility - cause events * Some weather conditions affect humidity. * Some weather conditions cause disasters - natural disasters * Some weather conditions lead to accidents - traffic accidents * affect all sports, but they affect racing in a different fashion - how well deer detect scents - people from all walks of life but especially farmers * affect the amount of pollen and mold spores in the air - orange wheat blossom midge life cycle significantly - pollen count greatly * are another factor that affects the color of fall leaves. * can also distort and affect the appearance of landing lights close to the ground - become a problem in winter months, but only for people - bring about a frost, even in supposedly frost free areas - cause temporary changes in line conditions * can change dramatically in a short time - drastically in a very short period of time - quickly during the hunting season - rapidly - suddenly and the effects of high altitude can be extreme - unexpectedly - very quickly in mountainous areas and snow is possible year round - exacerbate air pollution * can have adverse effects * can vary widely and are influenced by the terrain on a diurnal basis - from early morning to late evening, or day to day - sea conditions to vary significantly * change from day to day. * change quickly in mountainous areas and snow is possible year round - snow is possible year-round * combined with terrain affect the mobility of marching troops. * drive fire behavior, but fires also drive weather conditions. * have a great effect on the growth of tadpoles - water use rate of alfalfa - something to do with egg-laying * influence how long the birds fly and how high they fly - the handling characteristics of waste in open-housing systems * mean nothing to an animal when it s infected with rabies - it's infected with rabies * play a large role in how burning straw or stubble affects others. * play a major role in controlling the severity of the blight - determining whether the space shuttle launches or lands - part, both in humidity and soil moisture - significant role in hunter success rates - an integral role in the outcome of each wildflower season * promote development. * vary the distance that sound travels.<\|endoftext\|>### natural phenomenon: Spontaneous generation * is the belief that living things can arise from non-living material - supposed origin of living things from nonliving things - when something like a fly grows from a small speck of smelly meat * refers to living cells arising only from other living cells. * see abiogenesis. + Germ theory of disease: Microbiology :: Medicine * One problem with the old theories of disease was that people believed that things spontaneously generated. Spontaneous generation is when something like a fly grows from a small speck of smelly meat. That old theory is called abiogenesis. Prior to this, people thought that maggots came from rotting meat. He discovered this by sealing some meat in a jar and watching it. No maggots were found on the sealed meat. He also put some meat in a jar and covered it with gauze. Theta wave * are arousal waves in the brain - somewhat uncommon and fall between alpha and delta waves * represent rhythmic slow activity. ### natural processes: Coastal hazard * Most coastal hazards are natural processes. * can include high tides and flash floods caused by storm surges. * force commercial vessels to moor some way offshore.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural react: Abnormal behavior * are natural reactions. * can be adaptive or maladaptive - stem from a variety of areas * involves an exaggerated or distorted response to normal life problems. * is the natural reaction to an abnormal environment. * symptom of a physical disorder. + Abnormal psychology: Psychology * The definition of what constitutes 'abnormal' has varied across time and across cultures, and varies among individuals within cultures. It is often associated with a mental disorder. Abnormal psychology can be described as an area of psychology that studies people who are consistently unable to adapt and function effectively in a variety of conditions. There are different ways to classify mental disorders. Abnormal behaviors can be adaptive or maladaptive. Maladaptive abnormalities can cause suffering and social discomfort. These behaviors can also be irrational, unpredictable and dangerous.<\|endoftext\|>### natural repellent: Orange peel * Most orange peels are part of orange. * Some orange peels contain potassium. * adds aroma and improves flavor. * are located in trash - organic, but they are one organic that lasts a long time * can contain more Vitamin C than any other part of the fruit. * hold most of the fruit's essential oil as well as the color. * is caused by the paint drying before it flowed completely smooth and flat - crystallized fruit - used by gardeners as a slug repellent * is, similar to lemon peel, capable of softening other taste impressions. * natural repellent. * sprinkled over a vegetable garden is an effective slug repellent.<\|endoftext\|>### natural stress reducer: Aerobic activity * Aerobic activities are best for the healthy heart - exercises that cause deep breathing and a fast heart rate - the most helpful for cardiovascular health and endurance - take over so that the reduced compounds in the soil become less stable * Aerobic activities use large muscle groups for an extended period of time - for long periods of time * builds endurance, burns fat and conditions the cardiovascular system. * encourages normal circulation of blood and lymph. * helps the heart and blood vessels pump better. * is essential to good health - important in the prevention of cardiovascular disease * means the body requires oxygen to generate energy in the mitochondria of the cell. * moves oxygen to the brain and stimulates an increase of endorphins. * natural stress reducer. ### natural things: Dark spot * are natural things - pools of molten sulfur - sunspots - usually few and confined to the fins * occur over the head, body and fins. * represent positively hybridizing recombinant clones.<\|endoftext\|>### natural things: Hot spring * are a feature of the major valleys - naturally occurring phenomena - especially sacred, for they blend the energies of fire and water - example of the hydrothermal environment - features with no plumbing constriction - most common in tectonically stable areas like Warm Springs, Georgia * bubble up in many places, some with water close to boiling point. * create multicolored environments that are both attractive and healthy for humans. * differ from geysers in that their underground systems allow rapid circulation of water. * flow over terrances of white silica streaked by colors produced from minerals and algae. * indicate the presence of hot rock beneath the surface. * is natural things - spring * occur in many thermal areas where the surface of the Earth intersects the water table. * offer a multitude of health benefits.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### natural things: Shield volcano * Most shield volcanoes have a roughly circular or oval shape in map view - many craters on their summits - similarity - occur in the ocean * Some shield volcanoes get to be very large. * are almost exclusively basalt, a type of lava that is very fluid when erupted - broad domes, generally form from low viscosity basaltic lava flows - common in the Hawaiian islands - composed mostly of basalt - formed by lava that flows easily - known to form on other planets - more flat than all of the other volcanoes - non-explosive volcanoes with gentle slopes in the form of a cone - perhaps the most awesome Martian feature - the largest volcanic features on earth * are the largest volcanoes on Earth - the face of the Earth - type found in Hawaii - widest of the three landforms in the activity - volcanos * can evolve to be the largest of the Earth's landforms - produce huge areas of basalt, which is usually what lava is when cooled * erupt in different way. * form from eruptions of flowing lava - lava and are dome shaped - when hot, fluid lava erupts non- explosively * grow on the ocean floor above hot spots but also form above subduction zones. * have calderas and typically long lava flow channels - gradual slopes and are produced by lava flows building up upon each other - low slopes and consist almost entirely of frozen lavas - summit calderas formed by piston-like subsidence * produce an awful lot of lava. * tend to be very big - erupt non-explosively, mainly pouring out huge volumes of fluid lava + Volcano, Types of volcanoes, Shield volcanoes * Because the lava is so fluid, it spreads out, often over a wide area. Shield volcanoes do not grow to a great height, and the layers of lava spread out to give the volcano gently sloping sides. Shield volcanoes can produce huge areas of basalt, which is usually what lava is when cooled. * Shield volcanoes are formed by lava that flows easily. Consequently, a volcanic mountain having a broad profile is built up over time by flow after flow of relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano. Many of the largest volcanoes on Earth are shield volcanoes. * Shield volcanoes are known to form on other planets. The largest known mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons on Mars, is a shield volcano. Shield volcanoes on Mars are higher and much more massive than those on Earth. ### naturally occurring virus: Avian influenza * comes in two forms, low path and high path. * naturally occurring virus. * virus that can infect domestic poultry and other birds. ### natures oldest law: Self defense * causes a desire to kill. * has the additional benefit of being the only thing that can actually stop a crime. * is nature's oldest law - protection ### natures sunscreen: Autumn color * are especially vibrant on the lakeshore and hills that surround the lake - rich in the tundra vegetation * can begin to show in late summer in response to prolonged dry spells. * is nature's sunscreen. * vary from yellow to orange-brown, and occasionally a deep wine color. ### near brains: Pituitary gland * Most pituitary glands stimulate antler growth - ovulation secretion * Some pituitary glands are near brains. * Some pituitary glands consist of lobes - posterior lobes - have lobes - promote growth * release hormones. * secrete growth hormones ### near surfaces: Large vessel * Most large vessels carry blood - pump blood * Some large vessels are near surfaces.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nearly transparent clear glass * Clear glass absorbs heat and reradiates it outdoors. * Clear glass is also less reflective than opaque glass from a camo perspective - more widely collected than colored glass * Clear glass is the glazing material of choice by most professionals - most easily contaminated by other colors - used on the back and face - magnifies the sun and intensifies the heat - nearly transparent material<\|endoftext\|>Nebula * All nebulae contain the necessary components of a star. * Many nebulae are the birth place of stars - have young stars forming at the same time * Most nebulae are capable of producing stars - of vast size, even millions of light years in diameter * Most nebulas absorb light - consist of gases - contain dust - emit light - have mass * Some nebulae are regions of gas and dust in space where new stars are born - glowing gases and dust which have been puffed off by dying stars - small and dense, others can be dozens or hundreds of light years across - the remains of stars that have exploded - form stars and some are formed by stars - give birth to new stars, and dying stars expel nebulae * Some nebulas contain gas vapour * Some nebulas reflect blue light * are clouds of gas or dust in space, far outside our solar system - formulations - gases that are floating in space - heavenly bodies * are located in space - universes - spots - symptoms - the raw materials from when stars form - where stars are created * exist within other galaxies as well as in our own Milky Way galaxy. ### nebula: Dark nebula * Most dark nebulas absorb light. * e are big blobs of gas or dust in outer space - clouds of dust which are simply blocking the light from whatever is behind - just that - dark - propably the least observed objects - the only nebulae dense and cool enough to allow stars to form - follow the same notation except that the lines are dashed<\|endoftext\|>### nebula: Planetary nebula * Some planetary nebulas are a thousand times larger than our solar system. * e are very special objects because they can help make more stars. When a star dies, the metals that were in the core of the star are sent to other places in the universe. The only place that these metals form are in stars. This is called nucleosynthesis. * are big, bright clouds of gas and dust that puff out from an exploding, dying sun - remnants comprised of illuminated material that surrounds white dwarfs - the biggest carbon-producing objects in the sky * e appear through the telescope as small disks with well-defined boundaries. * e are another type of emission nebulae - astronomical objects made up primarily of gaseous materials - ball-like clouds of dust and gases that surround certain stars - easy to find in other galaxies - huge clouds of glowing gas that certain kinds of stars emit near death - important sources of the gas in the interstellar medium - large luminous shells of material ejected from dying stars - of the emission type - shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives * e are the end stage of the evolution of stars such as our sun - perfect test particles * e are very bright, and readily discovered out to large distances - evolve from gas and dusty clouds surrounding red giant stars - have nothing to do with planets - indicate relative brightness of the central star, brightness of halo and more - provide another measure of abundances in the Milky Way and other galaxies - seem to mark the transition of a medium mass star from red giant to white dwarf	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nebulas: Emission nebula * are nebulas. * e are clouds of dust heated by nearby stars - glowing ionized gas - high temperature gas - fluorescent regions of gas glowing in the presence of embedded stars - the nurseries for new star formation * e are usually isolated regions of much larger interstellar clouds - red because they usually produce red light - the sites of recent and ongoing star formation - make their own light - signal the birth of stars and are large + Nebula, Types of nebulae, null, Emission nebulae * Emission nebulae make their own light. Usually the gases in an emission nebula are ionized. This makes them glow. Emission nebulae are usually red because they usually produce red light.<\|endoftext\|>### nebulas: Reflection nebula * Most reflection nebulae are blue because the tiny particles of dust that reflect are very small. * Some reflection nebulas reflect blue light * e are a third type of gas-dust cloud found in the interstellar medium - also usually sites of star formation - blue for the same reason our sky is blue - cold un-ionized gas - colorful objects * e are dust clouds that reflect the light of stars nearby - which are illuminated by the reflected light of nearby stars - visible primarily due to the light they reflect - depend heavily on the presence of dust in the cloud * e reflect the light from nearby stars - of a nearby star from their constituent dust grains - shine by reflecting light from nearby stars + Nebula, Types of nebulae, null, Reflection nebulae<\|endoftext\|>### negatively charged ion: Anion * also is located on a twofold axis. * are hydrogen atoms, which carry extra electrons - larger than cations - more attracted to the root surface than cations - negative electrons form by the gain of electrons - negatively charged electrolytes, and cations are positively charged - one of the two types of ions - opposed to cations, which carry a positive charge * have a negative charge - negative valence * is an ion * migrate to the anode - towards the anode, and cations migrate towards the cathode * move from cathode to anode. * negatively charged ion. * vary in ability to enter into complexes. * are one of the two types of ions. The other type is called a cation, and these have a positive charge. Ions are atoms that have an electrical charge. ### negatively charged ion \| anion: Hydroxide ion * are anions. * has a charge of minus one and it has one potassium. * is an anion - normally a poor leaving group - the caustic component of lye, and hydronium ion makes acid solutions corrosive Negativism * are quality. * can be hard for the mate. * destructive enemy because it gives nothing, expects nothing, and produces nothing. * greatly limits the potential for creative action. * is nonproductive and harmful * often becomes part of their psyche.<\|endoftext\|>Negativity * Negativities are amounts. * can slowly erode worker's job satisfaction and performance. * drains energy, wastes time, and barrier to change. * exists at the same level in all countries. * feeds on negativity. * has a dramatic effect on game play. * is fueled by anger over having to move - infectious, whether it starts on the touch lines or on the field - negativity, and it has no place at the helm of a democracy - quality * is the result of faulty thinking - unchecked pessimism - what campaigning is all about * key ingredient of proper decision-making. * much more powerful emotion than being positive. * naturally dissolves on the half-life principle. * spreads faster than a cold. * tends to disagree with or oppose that which is considered positive or constructive. ### neighborhoods: Urban neighborhood * Some urban neighborhoods face similar barriers to providing high-quality health care. * are neighborhoods - urban areas * come in many shapes, configurations, and sizes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nekton * Some nektons contain minerals. * includes cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - vacuoles ### nematodes: Guinea worm * Most guinea worms begin life. * are nematodes. * causes dreadful suffering and disability among the world's most deprived people. ### nerve end: Proprioceptor * are a special class of receptors which help define the position of the body - found in tendons, muscles, and joint capsules - sensory organs that provide information about the external environment * nerve end	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nest * Collect and observe empty nests. * Have at least one nest for every three to four hens. * Many nests also perish by being covered by waves - are destroyed by many different predators - contain more or less snakeskin, and some are largely lined with it - fail because of disturbance and destruction * Most nests are below ground around rotten stumps or on the sides of terraces, gullies and ditches - in the ground under stumps or shrubs - near streams that provide adequate food when young are in the nest - started by a single pair of birds - sunken so as to be flush with the ground surface - have only one queen who lays all the eggs - produce two young, which are full-grown when they leave - receive an inner lining of soft material such as moss * Some nests are aerial, but most often, the nests are subterranean or both aerial and subterranean - built in tall grass - dug away from the burrow, usually under a shrub - in trees and some in boxes - lost to predators but an important factor causing nestling mortality is starvation - shaped much like birds' nests and are higher than the surrounding soil * Some nests are so filled with clutter, there is no room for the eggs, even for the little birds - full of yellowjacket remains that the inside has a yellowish cast to it - the size of a car - attract hummingbirds - even have a built-in ventilation system to circulate fresh air * Some nests have a fake entrance that dead-ends to trick predatory snakes - sparse linings of grass - produce only queens, others only males, and some nests produce both males and queens - remain active or have already produced fledglings-chicks capable of leaving the nest * also allow easy transfer of young litters between cages at cleaning time - are guarded by males in some gobies, blennies, and sculpins - become vulnerable to freezing when water diversions and drought lower water levels * appear to be designed to maintain high humidity. * are a bulky collection of sticks and rushes found in fresh or brackish swamps and lakes - platform of sticks, often in shrubs or trees, sometimes on the ground - are mounds made with raked up dirt, debris grass and leaves * are built every year - of sticks, twigs, vegetation and whatever else the cormorants can find lying around - on cliffs, in trees, on embankments, on man-made structures, and on the ground - considered mounds if they protrude from the earth's surface * are constructed continuously through incubation - from branches and twigs gathered from the ground, trees, and old nests - high in the canopy of emergent rainforest trees - of emergent vegetation and feathers, on the ground surrounded with water - using sticks and leaves, and are built in trees and cliffs - with twigs and bark strips lined with feathers, hair and cocoons - defended by the parents - dug as burrows or placed under some surface object - formed either in trees, in soil mounds or underground - furniture - gang - highly susceptible to predators as well as to trampling by cattle or people - holes in trees with soft rotting wood - important in protecting the eggs and young from predators and extreme temperatures * are large and usually found low in trees and constructed of layers of twigs and dead leaves - heaps of vegetation in water, surrounded by a screen of emergent vegetation - large, paper like, pendulous structures suspended from tree branches - lined with soft materials such as wool, moss, cotton, leaves, bark, fur, or grass * are made for roosting in at night and for shelter in bad weather - from stones, sticks and twigs and are built on the ground * are made in burrows, caves and rocky crevices, under tree roots, and in nest boxes - crevices of stone walls, both manmade and natural - on the ground with sticks, leaves etc - with fibers and lichens held together with spider webs - natural objects - parasitized by cowbirds - raided by humans in places such as Southeast Asia - retreats - subject to flooding if water levels in salt ponds are raised - surrounded by water, on islands, beaver or muskrat lodges, or on floating vegetation * are used as nurseries, resting areas, and as protection against weather - year after year, and often built up from one year to the next - usually very simple structures built in the fork of a tree * are where eggs grow - stay * can also cause chimney fires when the nesting material and debris catches fire - be cavities excavated in trees and snags or remodeled birds nests - interfere with power-lines and other structures * commonly contain a hundred bees or so. * consist of a homeycomb of hexagonal cells located in a hollow tree or in frames of beekeepers - dried leaves, twigs, and fibers of soft wood * contain leaves, twigs, shredded bark, mosses, insulation, and other soft material - many tiers of cells covered by the outer shell with a single opening at the bottom * have multiple layers. * includes sections. * keep penguins warm. * located in banks, walls, tree trunks or buildings require the use of insecticides. * occur in cavities in weeds or shrubs, or in the ground. * often exhibit divided living, with eggs and food stores kept in distinct parts of the hive. * resemble eagle nests and are made of twigs. * serve as a site to lay eggs, and as a retreat - breeding, feeding and sleeping platforms and act as territorial flags * usually occur in colonies at predator resistant sites, such as on islands. * woven from gathered twigs suddenly appear in boughs of trees. + Red billed Quelea: Passeriformes * Nests are built by the males and take about seven days to complete. Males defend the nest while building it and become very angry when something gets too close. After it is complete, females lay 3 to 7 eggs. Eggs hatch in about two weeks. Males continue to defend the nest after the eggs hatch.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nest: Beehive * are located in bridges - receptacles - small, tightly knit groups that are based on shared passion - workplaces * includes bases * is work * setting on the ground leads to stress from dampness and lack of ventilation. Hornet nest * are composed of a paper substance derived from saliva and wood pulp. * have a single opening, usually toward the bottom, where the wasps enter and exit. ### network administration issue: Congestion control * network administration issue. * persistent problem that is central to networking. ### network business: Air transportation * is important in so large a country - rides - the chief form of travel, with planes and zeppelins filling the skies - transportation - used mainly for worker travel and delivery of mail and newspapers * network business. * offers the advantage of speed and can be used for long-distance transport. * remains among the safest forms of travel. * significant contributor to tourist receipts. ### network protocols: Security protocol * Many security protocols have the aim of authenticating one agent to another. * Most security protocols prefer separating encryption and authentication. * are network protocols. ### neurobiology: Neuroscience * focus on the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord and nerves. * is neurobiology * vast collection of links related to the neurosciences. ### neurobiology \| neuroscience: Brain science * can also help millions of kids with learning disabilities - be a tool for early childhood educators through the use of the senses * is neuroscience * seems to be still in a relatively primitive stage compared to many other sciences. Neurophysiology * BIG field. * Neurophysiologies are physiology. * becomes neuro psychology while remaining neurophysiology. * includes all the electrical tests that study the function of the brain and nerves. * is covered both at the cellular level and at the systemic level * reveals causal connections between brain states. ### neurons: Bipolar cell * activate ganglion cells ganglion cells send action potential to brain. * are neurons. * can respond in two general ways to incoming light. * is inhibited from firing. Pyramidal cell - one major class of neurons in our cortex * are the principal neurons of the neocortex, the projection neurons - projection or output neurons of the cortex * project their axons to targets away from their points of origin.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Neurotransmitter * All neurotransmitters have an excitatory effect. * Every neurotransmitter has only a single receptor. * Many neurotransmitters are important factors in the regulation of GnRH neuron secretion - can mediate fast or slow synaptic transmission depending on the cell type * Most neurotransmitters are specific for the kind of information that they are used to convey - bind to receptors - have effects * Some neurotransmitters act across great distances within an animal - are inhibitory on their receptors - cause anxiety - create resistance - excite the second cell allowing it to generate an electrical pain signal * Some neurotransmitters involve in human sexual responses - play similar roles in very different organisms - produce longer effects than others * act on the receptors. * also allow nerves to communicate with muscle cells in order to create motion. * are a class of molecules that facilitate the transmissions of nerve impulses - able to work by attaching to key sites on neurons called receptors - an essential part of our everyday functioning - another factor thought to contribute to addictive personalities - basically chemical messengers in the brain - biochemical substances that stimulate other neurons * are brain chemicals that are released by nerve cells - facilitate communication between brain cells * are chemical messenger molecules that are produced within nerve cells - messengers that pass on information between nerve cells - signals used as a means of communication - substances that transmit information from one cell to another * are chemicals in the brain that carry signals from one nerve cell to another - send signals - stored in synaptic vesicles of axon * are chemicals that allow electrical impulses to flow between nerves - for communication between neurons * are chemicals that carry messages between brain cells - from one nerve cell to the other - conduct signals from one nerve cell to the next - help carry electrical impulses along the nervous system - make it possible for the brain to communicate with itself - neurons use to signal and stimulate one another - transmit signals from one nerve cell to another * are chemicals which carry information between nerve cells - pass information across the synaptic gap - transmit messages from neuron to neuron - electro-biochemical agents that cross nerve synapses - encased in vesicles for transport out of a cell via exocytosis - inanimate objects * are molecules that are used to carry signals from one neuron to another - brain and nerve cells use to communicate - cross the synapse - relay signals by moving from one neuron to the next - organic compounds - present in the developing retina prior to synapses - pumped into vesicules by transport proteins in the membrane - similar in all five - small molecules that signal nerve cells to fire - substances that one neuron uses to trigger another in the brain - substances, which transfer the messages from one nerve cell to another - the brain's chemical messengers * are the chemical bridges that connect brain cells - language of the brain - messengers between nerve cells * are the chemical messengers of our brain and nerves * are the chemicals that carry signals from one nerve cell to another - control our moods and reactions - ion channels in receptor cells - messengers within the central nervous system * arrive at the depicted neuron from efferent axons. * attach, or bind, to certain receptors. * bind to proteins, called receptors, on the surface of receiving neurons * can act directly on ion channels to modify the permiability of cells to ions - be excitatory or inhibitory - either be excitatory or inhibitory - have either an excitatory or inhibitory effect on a postsynaptic cell - trigger the activation of several signal transduction pathways * carry impulses between the nerve cells in the brain. * carry messages from one nerve cell to another - messagesfrom one nerve cell to another - nerve impulses through particular nerve pathways - the signal of a nerve impulse over the synapse or space between nerve cells * control our thought processes and emotions. * diffuse across the plasma membrane of the post-synaptic cell - synaptic cleft * exert their effects by binding to specific receptors sites on nerves. * fly into synaptic cleft. * function in milliseconds. * generally have one of two special functions. * get out of balance for many reasons. * have an important role in the normal functioning of an individual * help nerve cells communicate - in the brain communicate with each other * make learning, memory and intelligence possible. * play a complex role in the brain and nervous system - major role in shaping everyday life and functions - variety of roles in the body - vital role in synaptic transmission * primarily affect our moods and emotions. * release energy at a synapse, the joining of one nerve cell to another. * transmit electrical signals between brain cells - nerve impulses from one nerve to another * travel between neurons through a fluid-filled space called the synapse. + Key-lock principle: Molecular biology * Neurotransmitters act on the receptors. Some drugs may start the same actions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine * attaches to both receptors but has different effects on the different cell types. * carries signals from one neuron to another. * causes contraction of airway smooth muscle, and sympathetic agonists cause relaxation. * induces contraction in vertebral arteries from hypertensive patients. * plays numerous roles in the nervous system. * produces stimulus-specific receptive field alterations in cat auditory cortex. Different neurotransmitter * act to send or block nerve signals in different pathways in our brain. * can also influence perceptions of energy or fatigue. * have different effects on behavior and emotion - the transmission of nerve impulses<\|endoftext\|>Neutrality * can also mean bias. * group action * is an important component of good management - obsolete term in the post-Soviet era - racism * is the middle way of peace - right to remain at peace when a war is nearby * occurs when members are indifferent. * qualitatively changes the dynamics of evolution. * refers to the relationship that the mediator has with the disputing parties - stake an author has in a text * relates to the mediator's relationship to the parties and the issues involved. * tends to be a refusal to take sides. * zero quantity that helps the stronger party in an unequal struggle. New organism * are exactly the same as the adult - formed by division of a single parent cell - produced in rapid multiplication by the process of amitotic or mitotic divisions * can migrate into an area and old ones can die off or leave. * get their chromosomes from their parents. * grow and multiply.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Newborn * All newborns cry. * Many newborns are tiny, wet creatures when they first emerge - develop acne of the face - mainly small red bumps - grunt and squirm and get quite red in the face when passing normal stools * Most newborns are ready to begin breastfeeding right after delivery - grow and thrive * Most newborns have a mild skin rash sometime during the first week - some peculiar characteristics - nurse every one to three hours, even at night - wake and want frequent feeding especially in the first few days * Some newborns are given a dairy free, predigested formula from birth - develop a yellow coloring called jaundice - have a fine, downy body hair called lanugo * acquire the disease by passage through the mother's genital tract. * affect everyone in the house. * also begin crying at birth as a method of communicating - to recognize important sounds such as the sound of their mother's voice - purr while they suckle * appear darker because they are born with their stripes closer together. * are all belly breathers - altricial, with closed eyes and closed external ear openings - at increased risk for disseminated gonorrhea - babies - black, and then molt near the end of their nursing period * are blind and naked - totally reliant on their mothers for survival - blind, pink and weigh about half an ounce - carried on their mother's back until they are old enough to be on their own - dark brown in color with rows of light spots - darker and greyer than the adults, with reddish belly spots that fade as they age - defenseless, but they grow fast and are born runners - entirely white, with pink faces - healthy, because their immune system is usually stronger than in older specimens - helpless but develop quickly - immune to many diseases because they received numerous antibodies from their mother - less likely to get day and night confused when they sleep with their mommy - more interested in their caregivers than they are in toys or other objects - much smaller than most other newborns - partially precocial, although do depend on the mother for a short time - particularly sensitive to caffeine and alcohol - people - placed in very carefully made cradles - precocial and are able to climb at just one day of age - relatively vitamin K deficient for a variety of reasons - soft and vulnerable at birth - tiny, less than a pound - unable to regulate their body temperature at first - up and about within an hour of birth - usually very red in complexion - very similar in appearance to adults - wet and chill rapidly as they dry * benefit tremendously from hearing language. * breathe exclusively through their noses. * can acquire it while traveling through the birth canal of an infected mother. * can be premature infants , post-mature infants and full term newborns - small if the mother suffered nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy - contract it from an infected mother in their first months of life * can contract listeriosis from an infected mother before or during birth - mother during birth - drop off to sleep in any situation - get sick very fast * can have jitteriness, vomiting and fast pulse if the maternal blood level is too high - much more serious consequences including brain damage, blindness and death - lie down to nurse or sleep and an older baby can sit up in a variety of positions - make out large shapes and faces, and see bright, strong colors * can see black and white and bright colors, like red and yellow - shortly after birth - soon after birth and can eat grass after one week - when they're born - show response to painful stimuli both physiologically and behaviorally - sleep fine without the house being perfectly quiet - stand five minutes after birth and begin to follow their mother immediately - taste and smell also - walk within an hour and in a few days they can outrun a person * cry when something hurts, like a hungry stomach or wet diapers against tender skin. * depend on antibodies shortly after birth to build their immune system. * discriminate the rhythm of multisyllabic stressed words. * disperse freely into the marine environment. * display a wide variety of reflexes. * do secrete tears. * eat and sleep with an occasional wakeful or fussy period. * feed frequently. * generally have between twelve to fifteen ounces of blood - like to grip objects, and they usually like to be bathed * go through a lot of development in the first few hours of life. * grow and change so quickly - very quickly so re-check the mark each day for where the tube needs to be placed * have a lot of developing to do before they can begin walking - lower pain threshold than older infants and children - normally erratic existence because they are adjusting to life sans uterus - peculiar way of catching their food - short, downy pelage that grows fluffier and more dense as the guard hairs come in - sparse covering of hair which they lose as adults - all five senses - big heads, no necks, short legs, and distended torsos - frequent and sometimes prolonged periods of hiccups - hiccups quite often - irregular sleep cycles that take about six months to mature - less synthetic capacity to make carnitine than children and adults - many variations in normal appearance - from color to the shape of the head - narrower teeth, with basal cusps on the lower jaw teeth - progressive muscular weakness leading to death - ridges in their skull called suture lines - simple reflexes, which they gradually learn to control in order to achieve some goal - small stomachs and prefer small but frequent feedings - softer, leathery skin that hardens as they grow older - temporary maternal immunity against some diseases, but it wears off in a few months - tiny stomachs that can only hold small amounts of food - under-developed immune systems, which are weaker than the adult immune system * initially have pinkish-gray skin which quickly darkens. * keep their eyes closed for most of the times but become arousable with gentle stimulation. * know to swallow the fish head-first. * lie outside the herd, hidden in foliage for the first few weeks after birth. * living in incubators can receive too much oxygen, which causes blindness. * lose many of the above physical characteristics quickly. * make more bilirubin than adults do since they have more turnover of red blood cells. * normally have higher levels than older children and adults. * often appear pink and slightly transparent but darken with age - have facial petechiae from the tight squeeze through the cervix - show no signs of the disease until they are circumcised * quickly learn to communicate. * require high intestinal lactase levels for survival. * requiring heart transplantation often die because of the critical shortage of donor hearts. * respond to the sound of another child crying in turn with their own crying. * routinely cry a total of one to four hours per day. * share the same space with the mother and leave within a few days. * sometimes arrive addicted to nicotine. * spend little, if any time in the general nursery. * start off capable only of simple feelings of pleasure and pain. * stay with their mother for at least a year. * take their steps learning how to crawl. * urinate often and have frequent, loose bowel movements. * usually cry about one to four hours a day - lose weight during the first few days, but thereafter start to gain * usually respond more readily to a female voice over a male voice - to a female's voice over a male's * weigh several ounces and are about the size of a human fist. + Baby: Biological reproduction * An 'infant' is a human child at the youngest stage of life. Some people say that infancy is until someone can walk, while some say infancy is the time before the age of one. An infant less than 1 month old is a 'newborn'. Newborns can be premature infants, post-mature infants and full term newborns. + Neonatal diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus * Symptoms of NDM include thirst, frequent urination and dehydration. Most fetuses with NDM do not grow properly in the uterus. Newborns are much smaller than most other newborns. After birth, many babies do not gain enough weight or grow as rapidly as other babies.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### newborn baby: Preemie * also have low red blood cell production. * are generally thin, underweight, and fragile - premature babies who are born too soon - very unstable during their first days of life * have immature bowels - too few red blood cells * newborn baby * normally have bursts of big breaths followed by periods of shallow breathing or pauses. * often are at high risk of developmental problems. * react in different ways to different kinds of touch.<\|endoftext\|>### newborn baby: Premature baby * Many premature babies become anemic before their body can make red blood cells - develop intraventricular hemorrhages - pull through even though their bodies are very immature * Most premature babies have both kinds of apnea. * Most premature babies require attention - special attention * Premature babies are also more likely than full-term babies to have hearing problems - prone to getting a flat head from positional molding of their skull - at higher risk for developing hydrocephalus - born without much fat, so they use a lot of energy staying warm - especially sensitive to respiratory depression and apnea - less stressed by breastfeeding than by bottle feeding * Premature babies are more at risk for jaundice than others - fragile and more at risk for complications after birth * Premature babies are more likely to develop jaundice due to slow liver functioning - get normal jaundice - have breathing problems that can cause low oxygen in the blood - suffer from jaundice - much more sensitive to stimulation - neonates - often small, and they can have a hard time at first * Premature babies are often very sleepy as well - small, especially if they are born very premature - particularly prone toward bleeding in their brains - smaller than normal and have immature organs - the most common low birth weight babies - very apt to die suddenly without any apparent cause * Premature babies can always use tiny booties and caps - be at risk for hydrocephalus because their brains are still developing - start breastfeeding much, much earlier than they do in many health facilities - face many challenges to survive and thrive * Premature babies have a higher risk - body systems that are more immature - erythrocyte hemolysis - immature respiratory centers in the brain - less time to fully develop and build strength in the womb - very little blood and often they lack the ability to produce red blood cells * Premature babies require special attention - care Premature babies are put straight into intensive care - weighing no more than two pounds now survive and thrive * Some premature babies are highly irritable - receive additional vitamin supplements, too * newborn baby	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### newborn baby: Premature infant * Many premature infants are sickest right after birth and gradually get better as they get older - have trouble breathing - suffer from chronic lung damage and respiratory distress syndrome * Most premature infants exhibit movement - muscle movement * Most premature infants exhibit voluntary movement - lack ability - receive nutrition * Some premature infants are more susceptible to colds or respiratory infections - to respiratory infections than infants born at term - have immature retina * are at highest risk - risk for a variety of developmental problems - difficult to breast feed because many lack proper motor control - more likely to have symptoms than full-term babies - particularly prone to kernicterus * can also suffer from massive fluid leakage from blood vessels into the lungs - be susceptible to it * demonstrate an exaggerated response to pain. * develop kernicterus at lower levels of jaundice than full term infants. * have a slightly higher incidence of cerebral palsy - about the same incidence of hypothyroidism as full term infants - another kind of apnea spell called obstructive apnea - heartbeats - immature and fragile bowels - significant problems feeding by mouth - the same schedule and doses as full term babies * lack a substance in the lung called surfactant * show a remarkable predisposition to the appearance of edema. * tend to develop somewhat more slowly. Preterm baby * Many preterm babies are also low-birthweight and face the same health risks. * Preterm babies are often underweight at birth - can have physical and mental disabilities that can be long-term Preterm infant * Many preterm infants have trouble bottle-feeding. * are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage - particularly vulnerable to aluminum because of their immature renal function * has complex interneuronal connections but different from term infants. * have pulmonary immaturity which results in a surfactant deficiency.<\|endoftext\|>News group * are a discussion forum popular with Internet users - collections of postings related to a specific topic - open discussion forums on a variety of subjects - parts of the internet where people go to discuss specific topics - public message forums, just like bulletin boards - the most common places where spammers get people's emails from - virtual bulletin boards on the Internet + Independent body: Public services * An 'independent body' is a group employed to give a view without bias. Independent bodies are mainly employed to review public services. Some news groups claim to be independent bodies. In the United States, they are called an 'independent agency' or an independent regulatory agency.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Newspaper * Most newspapers are part of large publicly held corporations - have web sites at which individuals can peruse headline stories * Some newspapers use factory-like systems to evaluate reporters' productivity. * Charities are common. Newspapers are common. Newspapers are themselves one of the sources of notability. * I understand that it is of no interest to some, but that is not a standard. The article has been improved and sources cited. Newspapers are themselves one of the primary sources of notability, so that implies some notability. I'd like to just see this improved and there are suggestions to move or combine this as well. Spending time deleting articles that are not harmful or distracting takes away from time for improvement. * absorbs excess paint moisture. * are a business as well as a community institution - growing category of material preserved on microfilm - motivational resource that produces positive student attitudes toward reading - part of global history and global culture - print medium - record of historical events as they happen - special type of periodical - also an important American institution * are an important source for government information - of information - another form of popular media that is constantly printing something about education - archives * are capable of advertises - communicates - conceptual work - daily history - documents - foldeds - hard to catalog because they can have genealogies just like people * are important as a medium - institutions in the western world of today - sources of current and contemporary information - leaders in providing news, editorial comment, information, and advertisement - locals * are located in bookstores - floors - front doors - jails - lawns - libraries - porchs - rugs - subways - trash - mediums - more environmentally sound than plastic - often distinguishable just by font and column width * are one of the few places where people actually look for advertising messages - largest aggregators of local content - primary sources of job listings and advertisements - periodicals - press - products - publishers - sources for information of local interest * are the dominant medium for both editorial information and advertising - first to crumble into dust while some books can last for centuries - infrastructure of consumption, and consumption begins at the clear-cut - most commonly used media source among consumers looking to buy a home - one industry in which women have never had it so good * are used for informing people * bear pictures. * biases many times skewed facts and represented a situation through only one viewpoint. * breaks down over time, adding organic matter to the soil. * can have a depressing effect on a person. * carry warnings about eating certain kinds of fish, because of their mercury content. * contain information - valuable information * daily material from which people receive current information about the world. * empower through the power of information. * have a role in functioning communities - very high level of acid and deteriorate quickly - separated pages - various names in countries around the world * helps to absorb moisture. * includes cartoon strips - chapters - feature articles - headlines * includes news items * includes newspaper articles - columns - paragraphs - sections - word order * increase value by increasing perceptions of quality and saving effort. * is made up of tiny wood fibers - one type of easily available bedding - recycled into construction paper and animal bedding - removed when seeds germinate - safe for bedding all types of farm animals - from dairy cows to swine to poultry * is used as a substrate - to wrap and protect the fossil after it has been removed * play a vital role in maintaining a community's sense of itself - several important roles in a democracy * print maps and driving directions so motorists can experience the light shows firsthand * provide news. * report death. * say the deaths of many babies and old people are attributed to breathing in so much dirt. * serve as a vehicle for communicating information concerning people and events. * show variation.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### newspaper \| daily: Daily life * abounds with examples of the power of visual representation of ideas. * consists of finding a sunny spot to bask in, eating, and avoiding predators. * is our vision quest and school, teaching what it means to be human - the context of hermeneutics * requires protection - special protection * tires the soul as well as the body. Old newspaper * are also useful in the garden for controlling weeds and for the compost heap. * are located in pantries - trash * make paper containers. * tend to turn yellow and brittle with age because of a relatively slow oxidation rate. Tabloid * are newspapers. * love stories where the funny comic goes crazy and self-destructs. Tabloid newspaper * Many tabloid newspapers use a photo of a topless or a naked girl to improve their sales. + Page Three: Newspaper publishing * Many tabloid newspapers use a photo of a topless or a naked girl to improve their sales. For this reason, the feature is referred to as 'Page Three' or 'Page 3'. The newspaper The Sun, who introduced this in 1970, holds a copyright on the name. The Sun showed a picture of a topless girl on page three. ### newspaper \| tabloid: Supermarket tabloid * operate by different rules from most of the mainstream media. * say aliens are kidnapping people. Nickel compound * Most nickel compounds are blue or green. * are particularly interesting because of their diverse biological activity - potential carcinogens - used to color glass green - very toxic for plants * can be green, blue, gray, or black. + Nickel, Properties, Chemical compounds: Chemical elements :: Metals :: Transition metals * They also are grayish. Nickel compounds can be green, blue, gray, or black. Nimbus * Most nimbuses have ability. * includes coronae - photons	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nitrate * Most nitrates are in the lower stalk. * Some nitrate causes gastroenteritis - health problems - has negative charge * accumulate at night, on cloudy days and when temperatures are cool - primarily in the stems of plants - with time in an injured or damaged crop * act, in part, by dilating the veins of the body. * also are a by-product of municipal waste treatment - can affect adults, but the evidence is less certain - have an effect on the hemoglobin which carries oxygen in the blood cells - occur naturally in rainfall * are a compound of nitrogen, and most are produced by bacteria - concern immediately following a period of drought or wet, dull weather - concern, because in high quantities they cause human health problems - critical nonpoint source pollution problem, especially in groundwaters - health concern for infants under six months of age and pregnant women - waste byproduct of the pickling liquor used to scour finished steel - almost harmless and easily controlled by regular water changes * are also hygroscopic, meaning that they tend to absorb moisture from the air - very soluble in water - anions which are very soluble in water and can leach readily through the soil profile * are available in different forms - several forms, as well as traditional tablets and capsules - by-products of fertilizers known to be related to development of cancer - chemicals that are found naturally in small amounts in the soil - colorless, odorless and tasteless - compounds of nitrogen and oxygen that are absorbed by plants from the soil - effective in relieving coronary artery spasm and angina - essentially salts or compounds of nitric acid * are extremely persistent, as natural degradation processes are very slow - toxic and can also cause death, especially in cattle, sheep and goats - far less toxic to the fish population than the original ammonia waste product - from decaying plant matter and animal waste - harmful to human health and a widespread environmental problem - highly soluble salts - made either by bacteria in the soil or in some select cases, by the plants themselves - major plant nutrients in the soil but serious pollutants in drinking water supplies - more prone to leaching from light-textured soils - nutrients for red algae which can limit growth if too low * are of no concern for adults or children over six months of age - special concern to young children and women of child-bearing age - often a man-made problem - one of the most widespread contaminants threatening Michigan groundwater - potential cancer-causing carcinogenics - present in some fertilizers and in the manure of animals - preservatives found in virtually all cooked and cured meats - readily available for plants, but are also susceptible to leaching - similar to carbonates - soluble, so maybe present in water supply * are the drugs of first choice - form of nitrogen used by the plant * are the most available form of nitrogen to plants - common unburnt part of gunpowder residue - primary threat to the city's water supply * are the salts of nitric acid, and are strong oxidising agents - used to treat angina or chest pain, the most common nitrate is nitro-glycerin - usually higher in underground water * are water soluble and can be easily leached out in irrigation water * building up in a tank seem to naturally slow the growth of most fish. * can accumulate in some forage plants under unfavorable growing conditions. * can also accumulate in johnsongrass - come from animal manure and nitrogen fertilizers - reduce myocardial oxygen demand - wash off over-fertilized lawns or pastures where animals waste has accumulated - be especially toxic to children under six months of age - build up in the soil and leach into groundwater * can cause a disease in infants known as blue-baby syndrome - an illness called methemoglobinemia in infants - blue baby disease and are linked epidemiologically to some cancers - headaches and low blood pressure * can contaminate groundwater supplies causing methemoglobinemia - the groundwater, and lawn irrigation can lower the water table - enter the body through food and water - interfere with oxygen transport in the blood * can leach from the soil into underground aquifers, contaminating well water - more easily in light sandy soils than in clay-based soils - move rapidly through soil and can caused persistent problems - pollute groundwater and create health hazards for humans and animals - react with haemoglobin to reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood - remove additional calcium and magnesium from the soils * cause arteries to expand and allow for greater blood flow. * change to nitrites in the body, which reduces oxygen uptake by the hemoglobin. * come from acid rain in the atmosphere. * decrease pulmonary vascular pressures by venodilation. * derive from fertilizers, manure, septic systems and other human activity. * dilate both arteries and veins. * dilate the arteries that supply the heart with blood - blood vessels and make blood pressure fall - coronary arteries, so more blood can flow, which eases strain on the heart * dissolves in soil water * encourage growth of microscopic plants that use up dissolved oxygen when they decompose. * enhances performance - physical performance * expand arteries by permitting muscles to relax. * feed algal blooms that grow to nuisance levels. * form nitrous oxide which improves the blood flow. * get into ground water from septic systems and cesspools. * have a controversial history, and have been thought to cause a variety of health problems - cosmetic function in that they preserve the pinkish color of meats * however occur naturally when plants break down nitrogen. * interact with pyrene, which stops it fluorescing. * interfere with an animal's ability to carry oxygen in the blood. * is chemical compounds - crystal - ionic compounds * keep a baby s blood from carrying enough oxygen. * lose their effectiveness very quickly. * lower the amount of oxygen in a baby's body and can make the baby suffocate. * lowers blood pressure * move along with the water in a soil - either on the surface or in groundwater * moves readily through most soils dissolved in water. * normally accumulate in stems and conductive tissues. * occur in many foods and in drinking water but vegetables are by far the main source - naturally in some waters * often come from the natural breakdown of human and animal wastes. * present in beetroot widen the blood vessels which help in exercising in a better way. * primarily enter the water from agriculture and residential fertilizer and from wastewater. * reduce the ability of the blood to carry oxygen - to nitrites, which in turn easily combine to form substances dangerous to man * relax smooth muscles and so dilate arteries. * released by legume residue can stimulate germination of selected weed species. * stimulates growth. * tend to accumulate in the lower of the plant - part of the plant - portion of the stalk on drought-stressed corn - diminish after the boot stage * work by dilating the veins in the body, which decreases the workload of the heart.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nitrate: Excess nitrate * accumulate in plants when they are stressed. * can cause serious problems for infants - stimulate rapid growth of algae in the marsh channels Excessive nitrate * are dangerous to infants under a year of age. * can result in restriction of oxygen transport in the bloodstream. High nitrate * can cause blue baby syndrome - contribute to animal feed problems and deadly silo gas * feeds reduce the uptake of iodine in the digestive tract. Nitrocellulose * increases heart rates. * is nitrate Nitroglycerin * can alleviate the pain of angina or blow up a building. * relieves chest pain when placed under the tongue. Organic nitrate * are present in human sewage and livestock manure. * can be important reservoir species for tropospheric NOx.<\|endoftext\|>### nitrate: Silver nitrate * bacteriostatic agent to which bacterial resistance is rare. * causes black stains on skin - the skin to turn black when exposed to sunlight * colorless crystalline solid. * is also very expensive - available at many pharmacies and first aid or sports medicine suppliers - chemical compounds - colourless and odourless - ionic compounds - located in chemistry labs - of very low toxicity - superior to talc slurry in producing pleurodesis in rabbits - used as a cauterizing agent and destroys skin * strong oxidising agent. + Silver nitrate, Properties: Silver compounds :: Nitrogen compounds * Silver nitrate is a colorless crystalline solid. It dissolves in water. Most silver compounds do not dissolve in water. It can get dark if light shines on it. It is an oxidizing agent. Most of the times the silver ion is reduced, but sometimes the nitrate ion is reduced. Nitride * Some nitride is produced along with the oxide, when lanthanum metals are ignited in air. * In chemistry, a 'nitride' compound of nitrogen with a less electronegative element, attached together in a specific way. Nitrides are a large class of compounds with a wide range of properties and applications. ### nitride: Boron nitride * inorganic material with low reactivity and several applications. * is chemical compounds - produced synthetically - slippery and slip hazard on walkways - the hardest known substance - used to make harder materials * material isoelectronic to carbon. Nitrogen compound * Some nitrogen compounds are excreted by animals - graze animals - highly reactive - find in food - occur in diets - produce smoke * are basic building blocks in animal biology as well - present in organic materials, foods, fertilizers, explosives and poisons * can affect the cycling of tropospheric nitrogen and ozone. * eat away at stones. * return to the soil through animal waste. ### nitrogen fixing plant: Sea buckthorn * can control soil erosion and water loss effectively and aid land reclamation. * is also salt tolerant - tolerant of alkaline and saline soils - useful as an ornamental shrub - native to Europe and Asia and was introduced to Canada some time ago * nitrogen fixing plant. ### nocturnal: Australian mammal * Most Australian mammals are nocturnal. * Most australian mammals produce concentrate urine * Some australian mammals become pests - live in areas<\|endoftext\|>### nocturnal: Pinecone fish - popular in aquariums , but are expensive and a challenge for the hobbyist * have a bioluminescent organ under their eye that they use to signal one another. + Monocentridae, Life history * Pinecone fishes live in ledges and caves, rocky and coral reefs over a hard bottom. Pinecone fishes are nocturnal. + Monocentridae: Ray-finned fish * Pinecone fishes' are small and unusual fish of the family 'Monocentridae'. The family contains just four species. They live in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. Pinecone fishes are popular in aquariums, but are expensive and a challenge for the hobbyist.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### noisy, too: Wild parrot * Most wild parrots live in areas. * Some wild parrots face many danger. * are noisy, too. * can endure cold. * do eat a variety of foods. * fly, forage for food, chew on branches, crack seeds and nuts and, in short, keep busy. * pair off early, and pairs stay together within a flock of their own species. ### non-bailable capital offense: Plunder * is an offence punishable by death - classified as a heinous crime punishable with death - clearly a crime committed by public officials in relation to their office - films - the taking of property by force * non-bailable capital offense - offense which is theoretically punishable by death ### non-bailable capital offense \| plunder: Economic plunder * charge carrying the death penalty. * is stealing from the state. * non-bailable offence which carries the penalty of life imprisonment to death - offense and carries with it the penalty of death ### non-climacteric fruit: Loquat * has edible fruit that can serve as a wildlife sanctuary. * non-climacteric fruit.<\|endoftext\|>### non-collectible card game: Abduction * Most abductions involve unwilling family members - take place in the context of a separation or divorce of the parents * also keeps guessing to a minimum. * are captures - motion * generally begin in infancy and go through old age. * happen to people the night before rather than forty years agao as a child. * is identified as the ground-state, or default, mode of cognition - movement away from the midline of the body * maintain vertical humeruses. * non-collectible card game. * usually refers to movement of a bone away from the midline of the body. ### non-collectible card game \| abduction: Child abduction * class D felony. * do occur and they're every parent's worst nightmare. * growing concern in the United States. * serious offense in Jordan - socio-economic problem * tragedy especially when the abductor parent. Parental abduction * account for the highest number of abductions of children. * horrible crime on a child, because a child needs both parents. ### non-contact method: Induction heating * can result in quality improvements for automated manufacturing processes. * is heating. * non-contact method. * occurs due to the magnetic quality and resistivity of the material. * uses custom-designed copper coils to create heat over large, uniform areas.<\|endoftext\|>### non-contagious inflammation: Allergic conjunctivitis * can develop at any stage of life - produce two types of eye discharge - serous and mucoid * is an allergic reaction on the surface of the eyes and eyelids * is characterized by mild swelling and injection of the conjunctiva - ocular redness and itching - diseases - induced by one topical application of ragweed pollen onto the eye - obviously a big problem with ocular surface and that is seasonal - one of the most common disorders of the eye * non-contagious inflammation. * occurs frequently in atopic individuals. * results from hypersensitivity to exogenous antigens. * shows up as itchy, red, watery eyes.<\|endoftext\|>### non-existent: Skin irritation * Some skin irritation is caused by alternatives - larvae - materials - synthetic materials * Some skin irritation results in infection - secondary infection * are non-existent. * can occur if contact with the skin occurs - in some people as well as inflammation of the hair follicles - upon exposure to the phosphorus smokes because of their high acid content * can result from improper use and handling of concentrate or mix - handling of product * is indicated by redness of affected areas - possible if exposure is prolonged * very rare side effect. ### non-explosive: Basaltic eruption * are non-explosive. * can produce two different types of flow. ### non-judgemental, nurturing process: Acupuncture detoxification * is inexpensive, drug-free and popular in most cultural circumstances. * non-judgemental, nurturing process.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### non-linear system: Human hearing * has logarithmic response, in both amplitude, and frequency. * is limited - more or less logarithmic, responding to ratios rather than differences - tuned an octave lower for human voices * non-linear system. ### non-medical association: Disa * are members of the orchid family, many of which require damp habitats in which to flourish - orchids - plants * is an orchid * non-medical association. ### non-negative: Square number * All square numbers are black, because the product of any two numbers of the same colour is black. * are non-negative. ### non-polypeptide groups: Prosthetic group * alternate between reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons. * are non-polypeptide groups. * can be metal ions or various types of organic compounds.<\|endoftext\|>### non-profit activity: Online community * Online Communities Gain exposure by linking up with online communities. * Online communities are Internet refuges where people feel welcomed and comfortable - a two-way street - any group of people who communicate with each other via computers - interactions between people - one of the Web's killer apps - the core of social spaces of the future - can have a long history and be closely knit - do exist, since many people no longer know their neighbors * Online communities form and orbit around common interests, philosophies, ideas, and goals - around shared interests and experiences - give the chance for people to experiment outside of boundaries - have the power to bring people together in profound ways - help Web businesses attract, retain and sell to customers * non-profit activity. ### non-selective herbicide: Sodium chlorate * are chemical compounds - salt * comes in dust, spray and granule formulations. * has a soil-sterilant effect. * is also a potent nephrotoxin and acute tubular necrosis is common - considered non-toxic to fish * non-selective herbicide. ### nonconductive: Molecular solid * Most molecular solids are nonpolar. * are nonconductive - represented as repeating units made up of molecules * have covalent bonds within the molecule only. ### nonrenewable natural resources: Recycling of wastes * can reduce the volume of landfill materials in a significant way. * is nonrenewable natural resources.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nonsmall cell: Lung cancer * Many lung cancers have brain metastasis at the time of diagnosis. * Most lung cancer begins in the cells lining the main air passages, or bronchi. * Most lung cancer has characteristics - distinct characteristics * Most lung cancer has several characteristics * Most lung cancer is caused by cigarette smoking - diagnosed too late for curative treatment to be possible - cancers are nonsmall cell * Most lung cancers begin in the airways and often can cause obstruction of the airways - to grow silently, without any symptoms - start in the lining of the bronchi * Some lung cancer is caused by secondhand smoke * accounts for almost a quarter of all cancer deaths in the United States - more new cases and deaths than do the next three leading cancers combined - one third of all cancer deaths of men - the largest number of cancer deaths among men and women * arises as a result of permanent changes to cells lining the bronchial airways. * associated with the gas exchange or pulmonary region is rare. * begins with the constant irritation of smoke on the lining of the bronchi. * can be curable if found early enough - either non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer - develop after exposure to hexavalent chromium vapors or fumes - occur in people who have never used tobacco * cancer of the lungs characterized by the presence of malignant tumors. * carries a much shorter survival than does breast cancer. * caused by asbestos exposure is the same kind of cancer as that caused by smoking. * causes more cancer deaths in the U.S. than any other type of cancer - than colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers combined * causes more deaths of Canadian men than any other cancer - the largest number of deaths related to asbestos exposure * claims more lives than any other cancer. * comprises the overwhelming majority of cases handled by thoracic surgeons. * continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths - kill, despite modern therapies * develops over many years - slowly over many years * difficult cancer to treat - long term survival rates are poor. * disease in which abnormal or cancerous cells grow in the lungs - of old age * disease that has a very poor survival rate - smokers inflict upon themselves - where the cells found in the lungs grow out of control * expand exponentially, the initial rate of increase in terms of volume is very slow. * fast-spreading and lethal disease. * formation of tumors in the lung. * growing global epidemic. * harms the well-being of citizens. * has a number of known causes, with cigarette smoking the most common cause - quite a low five-year survival rate - known causes, the most common of which is cigarette smoking * is America's leading cancer killer - academic journals * is also on the rise - one of the major effects of high doses of ionizing radiation - among the deadliest of all cancers - an important women's health issue * is associated with exposure to elevated levels of radon - cancer that originates in the lungs - carcinoma - the tar in tobacco smoke - considered a silent killer because there are no early warning signs - diseases - epidemic in the United States, particularly among women at the present time * is extremely common - rare in non-smokers - higher among rural women than among men, despite the lower smoking rate among women - just one of numerous diseases that smoking can cause - largely preventable, and the best protection is never smoking - linked to the amount of asbestos exposure, as well as the amount of smoking - long, slow, painful, nasty, and expensive - lung diseases * is more common in cities than in the country - prevalent among the male population, closely followed by oral - most common but smokers also have a much higher risk of other cancers - mostly a disease of the elderly - notoriously difficult to treat * is now one of the best know and feared of all diseases - the leading cancer killer in women * is now the leading cause of cancer deaths among women - death from cancer among women - death from cancer for men and women in Taiwan - death in both men and women - most common malignancy in both men and women * is now the number one cancer killer in America for both men and women - cause of cancer deaths among American women * is often preventable and has been linked to lifestyle patterns such as smoking - under reported in the media, and is frequently associated with smoking * is one of the diseases - main hazards from breathing asbestos - major health threats facing American women today * is one of the most common cancers in men and women - conditions where a bronchoscopy is indicated - difficult cancers to treat - potentially curable if discovered early - renown for being difficult to detect until it is too late * is responsible for about one-third of the overall recent increase in incidence rates - the largest number of deaths due to asbestos exposure - seven times as likely to strike a smoker as a nonsmoker * is still the biggest killer by far - greatest cancer killer of both sexes - the UK's most common cancer, and one of the most lethal * is the biggest cancer killer amongst men, a disease directly related to smoking - killer of cancers with almost a million deaths a year - cancer most commonly associated with smoking - commonest cause of death from cancer - great killer of men * is the largest cancer killer of men and women in the world - single cause of cancer deaths in the United States * is the leading cancer killer in the United States for both women and men - of both men and women in the United States - that kills women * is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women - death among men and women in the United States - death for men and women in Canada - death in American men and women - death in the United States and worldwide - death in the United States in both men and women - death in women in the United States - death, both in the U.S. and worldwide - deaths among both males and females in the United States - deaths among both men and women in the United States - deaths for both men and women - deaths in both men and women in the United States - deaths in men and women - deaths in most countries - deaths worldwide - mortality in the United States - related deaths in the United States * is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women - deaths in men and women in the United States - mortality in both men and women - mortality in much of the world * is the leading cause of death from cancer in Australia - from cancers worldwide - premature death - causes of death in the United States and worldwide - type of cancer deaths in men and women * is the most common cancer associated with tobacco smoking - cause of death among men and ranks second among women - world-wide * is the most common cancer-related cause of death among men and women today * is the most common cause of cancer death among men, and the second among women - cancer death in Australia - cancer deaths in the U.S. for both women and men - death from cancer in both men and women - form of cancer among men and women - feared cause of a persisting cough - frequent fatal cancer, for both men and women, in the United States - lethal form of cancer among men and women - prevalent form of cancer in both men and women - preventable of all common cancers - serious consequence of being subject to second hand smoke * is the number one cancer killer of American women today - cancer-killer in men and women in America today * is the number one cause of cancer death among women - cancer death for men in the United States - cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States - killer in the cancer group - number-one killer of both men and women * is the only cancer that kills more people - form of cancer that kills more people - known health effect - second most common cancer in both men and women - single most preventable disease - third most common cancer among black females - top cancer killer of American men and women * is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both of the lungs - cells in the lung - therefore a stigmatised disease with a low media profile - thus by far the leading cause of cancer deaths in Canadian men - treatable - treated most successfully in patients whose disease is detected in the early phases * is very common - virtually impossible to detect early but is largely preventable * kills more men and women than any other form of cancer - annually than prostate cancer and more women than breast cancer - each year than prostate and colorectal cancer combined * kills more people every year than colon, breast and prostate cancer combined - then any other cancer - worldwide than any other cancer * kills more women each year than breast and ovarian cancer combined - every year than any other cancer * kills more women than breast cancer, but more young women are smoking than ever before - so many women - twice as many women every year as cancer of the breast * kind of cancer that starts from cigars and cigarettes. * malignant tumor of the bronchi covering. * man's disease. * occurs later in life, often after the person has been smoking for many years - most often in people over fifty who have long histories of cigarette smoking * ranks first in cancer incidence and cause of cancer death in both men and women - second for both sexes * related to asbestos has no particular histologic predilection. * remains a disease with a dismal prognosis - pressing worldwide public health problem - very difficult disease to treat effectively * remains as the leading cause of cancer death for both sexes * remains the leading cause of cancer death for both genders - death in both men and women in the United States - death in most countries - cancer-related mortality in the western hemisphere - number one cancer killer of both men and women in the United States - world's most prevalent form of cancer * start in bronchial tubes and lungs. * starts in a single lung cell. * stigmatized disease that is often diagnosed in the late stages. * takes many years to develop. * tends to occur in older people - result after years of accumulated damage to cells exposed to carcinogens * very common and deadly disease.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nonvascular plant * Some nonvascular plants are monoecious and some are dioecious. * are much smaller than most vascular plants. * have female reproductive organs called * is an organism * tend to be small and confined to wet habitats. * use for absorbing water. ### nonvascular plant: Hepatic * nonvascular plant * strengthen and tone the liver as well as stimulate the flow of bile. ### nonvascular plant \| hepatic: Hepatic encephalopathy * complication of end-stage cirrhosis and fulminant hepatic failure. * is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream - disorders affecting the liver - central nervous system illness caused by severe liver disease - usually mild and is treated with medicine taken by mouth * syndrome of abnormal brain function resulting from liver disease. Hepatic lipidosis * condition of the liver caused by an overload of fats. * is currently an important issue as it is being increasingly identified - much more common in cats, but dogs can also get it - one of the reasons that veterinarians encourage proper weight control for cats - the most common consequence even in relatively thin animals * relatively common problem in SACs. Hepatic necrosis * begins about seven days after infection. * is the major adverse reaction of acetaminophen. Hepatic toxicity * can be a problem with acetaminophen, especially when alcohol is also present. * occurs when high doses are used and in patients with a history of alcohol abuse. ### noodles: Rice noodle * are noodles - similar to vermicelli noodles * tend to stick together when stir-frying. Noon * Some noons are part of days. * are hours - time of day ### normal bilaterally: Ocular motility * is normal bilaterally. * means loss of vision efficiency in either eye, due to double or binocular vision.<\|endoftext\|>### normal condition: Red color * appear black under water, helping a fish to go unseen. * are winds away from the radar and green colors are towards the radar. * can stimulate warmth, hunger, and excitement. * correspond to large absolute values, blue colors to small absolute values. * dilutes to gold, just like black color dilutes to gray. * indicate high temperatures, as seen over the African deserts - the highest intensity of incoming particles, blue represents the lowest * intensifies over summer months - with colder weather * is blight - used to determine harvest date for strawberries * mean more particles and blue colors less. * normal condition. * represent higher temperatures grading into cooler temperatures with blue colors. * represents less absorbed X rays, while blue represents absorbed X rays. * shows distribution. Normal matter * consists of protons and neutrons that make up the normal muclei at the core of atoms - make up the nuclei at the core of atoms * has a positive energy density. * is made of up and down quarks. * makes the universe tend to recollapse. ### normal sexual practice: Female masturbation * can also protect against cervical infections. * is something all girls do. * normal sexual practice. + Masturbation, Evolutionary purpose: Human sexuality * Female masturbation can also protect against cervical infections. It does this by increasing the acidity of the cervical mucus and by moving debris out of the cervix. Northern state * Many Northern states stop preventative in the winter because of cold temperatures. * Some northern states kill pests. * have a shorter nesting season - irrigation but Central and Southern states depend largely on rainfall	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Notebook * Most notebooks claim to have two to three hours of battery life. * Some notebooks have batteries - nowadays offer a color screen. * collection of sheets of paper, bound as a book or leaflet. It can be used to make notes and to draw things. Some notebooks also have a printed calendar * are artifacts - computers - laptop computers that weigh between five and seven pounds - like word-processing documents since they can contain text, images, and formulas * are located in backpacks - bookstores - classrooms - desktops - offices - often under-powered compared to desktops - one of the ways in which inventors establish priority for their ideas - portable computers - small and light enough to fit in a legal pad holder - the sports cars of computing * are used for collect information - writing * come in all shapes and sizes and prices. * describe observations. * fill with information - stories * good way to keep notes, records of time or a journal of events. * includes sections. * provide a way to organize many spreadsheets together in the same file. * small, full function personal computer designed for easy portability. * use either a stick or a touch pad as pointing device. * vary greatly in keyboard layout, pointing device, and overall look and feel. ### notebook: Electronic notebook * allow shared record keeping by collaborators regardless of their location. * have many advantages over paper notebooks.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nothing * can EVER go faster than the speed of light - emit light without the input of energy in some form * can live where formic acid and aldehyde combine together - without water * can move faster than light in either the three spatial dimensions or time - the speed of light in a vacuum - survive, grow and flourish without water * can travel faster than light in a vacuum - light, and so nothing can escape a black hole * conducts heat as evenly as copper. * exists without light. * grows on the moon, but many things grow on the Earth - surface of the rock except lichens * is changed genetically about the plant except the color of the leaves - created in isolation, and all life evolves in relationship to all living beings - perceived directly - everything is mediated by the sense organs * lasts forever, and meters, like most things in life, tend to slow down with age. * lives in the sea and few living organisms are found around the Dead Sea. * resembling the mammalian corpus luteum is formed in birds. + Australopithecine * Their arms were longer in proportion to their bodies, and this also suggests their inherited capacity to move above the ground. The efficiency of their walking is difficult to estimate, but they were not so well adapted to bipedalism as humans. The males were much larger than the females, which suggests a family arrangement with a dominant male and several females, as with modern apes. Nothing is known for certain about their use of tools. 2nd ed, Chicago, chapter 4, p144.Wood B.A. 1994. Evolution of australopithecines. The Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution'. 8th ed, Cambridge University Press. * Nothing changes instantly. + Friedrich Kellner Diary, Various entries from the diary: Diaries :: World War II * Greece turned the tables and chased them out of Greece and into Albania. Nothing is solved with bragging and the big mouth alone. The spirit decides. The Greeks defended their fatherland. They wanted to invade and plunder a small country. Finally a light shows itself in the European chaos. + Nickel Creek, History, 'Farewell (For Now)': 2006–2007: Bluegrass bands :: Musical groups from California :: Grammy Award winners * Nothing is going be Nickel Creek except Nickel Creek. + Ozymandias: 19th-century British poems * Nothing beside remains. * He persists in copying and pasting complex content from En. I have treated copies by other editors in the same way. I am not concerned about the editor, but about effect such complex articles will have on this wiki over time. We have enough of them already and there is no reason to continuously add to the problem. When I encounter new, complex, copied content I feel it improves the wiki to mark it complex or remove it as needed. Nothing is lost by doing so since the history is available. Again, sorry about the table, but the rest was clearly copied and complex and therefore not helpful regardless of which editor added it. * Nothing stops it being introduced when there is hard evidence. * Nothing is forbidden in an explanation. Explanations aren't even needed. She is saying that there are only a few times where he would have quick deleted a page himself. I guess I don't otherwise understand what you mean. + Richter scale: Earthquakes * Objects inside houses are disturbed, causing noise. Nothing is damaged. + Vaporizer (cannabis): Smoking * Vaporization is an alternative to smoking. It does that by heating the material so that the active compounds boil into a vapor. Nothing actually burns, so there is no smoke or taste of smoke. Vapor ideally contains almost no particulate matter or tar, and much less noxious gas such as carbon monoxide. The vapor can be collected in a jar or inflatable bag, or inhaled directly. * Nothing is lost by deleting the stub and maybe replacing with a redirect. * Nothing is personal here. Journalists sensationalize stories to get attention. You should never rely on dubious or questionable references as your main sources of information for an article. Verifiability is the key to becoming a reliable resource, so editors should cite credible sources so that their edits can be easily verified. If an article only cites journalists, publicists, and others with an agenda, then the quality of information is no better than theirs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### notoriously unpredictable disease: Mononucleosis * can also produce symptoms identical to strep - cause a severe tonsillitis - last from one to several weeks * causes an inflamed spleen. * is an illness caused by infection with a virus - that can affect the whole body - infectious disease - champ among teenagers - diagnosed by a blood test or by clinical symptoms - probably no more contagious than any other viral disease such as colds or flu - spread by direct contact with the saliva of an infected person - transmitted by oral secretions - viral infection - well known for being spread through kissing * notoriously unpredictable disease. * presents with tonsillitis and fatigue. * usually lasts for one to two months. + Kiss, Kisses can spread disease: Non-verbal communication * It is possible to spread diseases through kissing, but it is also possible to exaggerate the danger. Colds and 'flu are much more likely to be spread. Mononucleosis is well known for being spread through kissing. Many diseases that can be spread by sharing drinks can be spread by kissing. ### noun, meaning unparalleled: Uniqueness * implies rarity, which explains why parsimony is so important in knowledge. * is individualism - sustainable design's response to the globalization of culture and buildings * is the greatest gift of an individual - strength of our souls - strongest weapon in the history of men * lies in the combination of climatic conditions that exist from season to season. * noun, meaning unparalleled. * point that needs some defense. Nozzle * are important for turbine engines as fuel injectors in the combustors. * are part of bunsens - gas burners - sprinkler systems - spouts * can play an important role in drift management. * emit mist. * includes sections.<\|endoftext\|>### nuclear materials: Radioactive substance * Many radioactive substances are utilized in the extremely critical techniques of dating - emit a particles and b particles as well as g rays * Most radioactive substances have many more particles in their nucleus. * Some radioactive substances concentrate in specific organs - decay quickly into non-radioactive materials * Some radioactive substances emit one or more types of radiation * Some radioactive substances release into cool water * are nuclear materials - unlikely to contaminate covered or underground water sources * can enter the body through either of two pathways, air or water - give off or emit different types of energy or radiation * emit energy in the form of ionizing radiations. * is hazardous to fetus. ### nuclear weapons: Little boy * are nuclear weapons * have a small penis that usually points almost straight out. * make eye contact less often than little girls in studies. * raise in homes. * think that everyone has a penis. * utilize element methods ### nuclei: Dark dot * are nuclei. * represent unit centers of mass. ### nucleic acid derivative: Inosine * activates various enzymes. * increases hemoglobin s affinity for binding oxygen within red blood cells. * is also available in purified form - drugs - found in brewer's yeast and organ meats - involved in protein synthesis and metabolism of sugar * nucleic acid derivative. * nucleoside, one of the basic compounds comprising cells. * plays an important role in codon recognition. Nucleon * Some nucleons are part of atoms - isotopes * are baryons - part of nucleuses - subatomic particles * are the primary sub-atomic particles found in a nucleus - protons and neutrons of an atom * attract each other with a short range but very strong force, called the nuclear force. * comprise a subclass of baryons. * heavy particle * like to be paired. ### nucleon: Antiproton * are nucleons - particles just like protons, but with a negative charge * have a negative electrical charge, or at least they appear to. * only annihilate when they encounter another proton or neutron in a nucleus.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nucleon: Neutron * Many neutron stars emit radio radiation in the form of short pulses at very regular intervals - spin a dozen or more times per second, emitting jets of X-rays * Some neutron stars emit radio waves that pulse on and off - stars, however, also emit electromagnetic radiation by another mechanism * absorbed by the deuterium create a source of marketable tritium. * act quite differently. * add stability to nucleus. * affect the mass and stability of the nucleus. * also activate the things they hit as the neutrons are absorbed by nearby atoms - adds atomic mass - have significant mass but no electrical charge * are a great way to explore the internal magnetic fields inside matter - weak probe of matter * are about as massive as protons, so they freeze out at the same time as protons - the same size as protons - absorbed by nuclei of atoms in a nuclear reaction - again the same but with one up quark and two down quarks - also baryons - an essential tool in science - approximately equal in mass to the proton and have no electric charge - degenerate - effective against large tumors * are electrically neutral and have no bearing on chemical properties - of approximately the same mass as protons - elementary particles which are emitted during certain types of nuclear reactions - emitted when large atomic nuclei are bombarded with alpha particles - essential to starting and sustaining a chain reaction - found in all atoms except for most atoms of hydrogen - good at showing where there are hydrogen atoms, which are found in all liquids - have no charge and are nuclear particles - heavy, uncharged particles that cause the atoms that they strike to become ionized - liberated through radiation and react with other elements through collision - made of quarks - many times more health harming than any other radiations - more dangerous then radiation of the same energy and intensity * are neutral particles in the nucleus of the atom - that have no electric charge - with approximately the same mass as a proton * are neutral, as their name implies - they have no charge - never charged, they are neutral - nucleons * are one of three basic particles that make up the atom - two major particles comprising the nucleus of atoms - part of atoms * are particles which are also very penetrating - within the nucleus that have no charge - particularly useful because they have no electric charge - produced copiously in nuclear fission and fusion - similar to protons but possess no electronic charge and are slightly heavier * are subatomic particles that are continually ejected from the lunar soil by cosmic rays - with a positive charge * are subatomic particles with no electric charge that are extraordinarily useful - the key to nuclear chain reactions , nuclear power and nuclear weapons * are the particles in an atom that have a neutral charge - that sustain a chain reaction in a nuclear reactor - tiny particles found in the nuclei of atoms * are uncharged atomic particles that have the ability to penetrate living tissues - particles found in nearly all matter * are uncharged particles found within atomic nuclei - from the nucleus of the atom - in the nucleus with a mass nearly equal to the proton's mass - useful for studying atomic structure - unstable unless combined with a proton - used to make nuclear fission reactions occur - very efficient at inducing transformation in rodent and human cellular systems * are, as the name implies, neutral in their charge. * behave in the same way, and are damaging at all energy levels. * bind with protons with the residual strong force. * can also help to work out the structure of new molecules and crystals - interact with spin waves in magnets - elastically scatter off nuclei, causing the struck nucleus to recoil - exist in a free state - induce nuclear reactions readily, and they are products of many reactions - interact with nuclei and transmute stable nuclides into radioactive nuclides * carry no charge and have a mass only slightly heavier than that of protons - net charge * consist of one up quark and two down quarks. * contain one up quark and two down quarks. * determine the isotope and overall stability of the nucleus. * enter the water and are slowed down. * exist below the crust. * have a lifetime in the trap limited primarily by their beta-decay - mass that is nearly identical to that of protons and have no electrical charge - many uses in the quantification of elements in the body * have no charge and are also highly penetrating - protons are positively charged - weigh about the same as a proton - charge, they are neutral * have no electrical charge, but protons have a positive charge - net electrical charge force - spins * have the same mass as protons, but they carry no charge - weight as protons but no electrical charge * interact strongly with hydrogen, deuterium and oxygen atoms. * interact with protons to form nuclei of deuterium, or heavy hydrogen - the nucleus itself * ionize indirectly by colliding with atomic nuclei. * lose predictable amounts of energy when they bounce off water's hydrogen atoms. * make it possible to follow the change of atomic structures over time. * moderate the repulsive forces between the protons. * normally collide with small nuclei and are slowed down before absorption. * play a major role in the mass and radioactive properties of atoms - vital role in many areas of science and technology * prevent the squashing of the interstitial space. * stars emit circular polarized light - intense X-rays - in massive binary systems * trigger the nuclear chain reaction. * weaken metal by making it more brittle. + Atomic nucleus: Nuclear physics :: Matter * Neutrons have no charge and protons are positively charged. Because the nucleus is only made up of protons and neutrons it is positively charged. Things that have the same charge repel each other. Unless there was something else holding the nucleus together it could not exist because the protons would push away from each other. The nucleus is actually held together by a force called the strong nuclear force. * Neutrons and protons are found in the nucleus of an atom. Unlike protons, which have a positive charge, or electrons, which have a negative charge, neutrons have zero charge. Neutrons bind with protons with the residual strong force. + Neutron, Atomic reactions: Subatomic particles :: Basic physics ideas	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nucleon \| neutron: Cold neutron * are especially useful for research on polymers and proteins - particularly valuable for neutron scattering experiments * enter from the left through a focussing pyrolytic graphite monochromator. Fast neutron * activate carbon and oxygen, among others. * are indicative of iron and titanium - neutrons - produced by nuclear processes such as nuclear fission * can be very destructive to human tissue. * open up interesting opportunities for the reprocessing of the irradiated rods. * pass through everything. * require a separate type of film. * turn everything they touch radioactive or busted.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nucleon: Proton * All protons have the same charge, and all neutrons are neutral. * Every proton always has an electron around it and every neutron is powerless - carries a definite positive electric charge, whereas neutrons are neutral * abstracted by bases are labile and exchange rapidly with solvent protons. * appear to be more complex, allowing a wide range of types of interaction. * are a positively charged mass that is present in the nucleus which is the core of the atom - an essential and apparently stable build ing block of matter - baryons, formed by two up and one down quark - better for larger and more complicated shaped abnormalities of the brain - companies - corpuscles constituted in some unknown way and exhibiting a positive sign - elementary particles that are a component of all atoms - fixed in place and incapable of moving in any electrostatic experiment - found in the nucleus of the atom - heavier and take up less space - heavy particles made of three quarks - in atoms and the give a positive charge - known as baryons , which means that they are made of exactly three quarks * are made of other particles called quarks - mass which move across the osmotic gradient - more 'complex' than their individual constituents * are more massive than neutrons - photons or electrons, and so scatter less as they pass through tissue - nucleons - often the particles accelerated, because of their small mass and relative stability * are part of atoms - nucleuses - parts of atoms with a positive charge - positive and electrically repel one another - relatively massive particles which carry a positive electrical charge - rockets - small and therefore hard - subatomic particles with a positive electrical charge - subatomic, positively charged particles, found in the nuclei of atoms - the positively charged particles found in the center of all atoms * bear a positive electric charge. * build up between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria. * carry a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons are uncharged - neutrons carry no charge, and electrons carry a negative charge - positive charge, but neutrons are neutral, carrying no charge * contain two up quarks and one down quark. * contribute more to an atoms mass. * decay into electrons, positrons, to neutrinos. * deposit almost all of their radiation dose near the end of their tracks, where they stop. * deposit their energy near the end of their path and have little lateral scatter - radiation dose differently * drift westward and electrons, eastward. * form part of the atom's nucleus, around which negative electrons revolve. * give the nucleus of atoms their charge and are one of the basic building blocks of atoms. * have a positive charge and determine the chemical element - electrons a negative charge - that is balanced by the negatively charged electrons - charge, neutrons have no charge and electrons have a negative charge - electric charge while neutrons have no charge * have a positive electrical charge and electrons a negative charge - while neutrons have none * have a positive electrical charge, and electrons have a negative charge - neutrons have no electrical charge - single positive charge - antiprotons - one down, and neutrons have two * have positive charges while electrons have negative charges - charges, and electrons negative ones - the same charge as electrons, only positive * have two ups and a down - ups, and neutrons have one * includes sections. * only have two positive attachment points. * play a major role in respiration and many enzymatic reactions. * produce an electric field across the photosynthetic membrane. * quickly become neutralized as they combine with electrons. * release most of their energy when they stop. * repel each other in the same way - electrons because they have the same charge * return through the membrane by way of a channel protein. * typically sell for half the price of import equivalents. + Composite particle: Subatomic particles * Simple particles like protons are actually composites of multiple quarks. Protons are known as baryons, which means that they are made of exactly three quarks. Baryons are in a family called Hadrons, which simply means that they are made of quarks. The only other subcategory of Hadrons is Mesons, which are made of one quark and one antiquark. * Protons are made of quarks. A proton is believed to be made up of 3 quarks, two up quarks and one down quark. A proton has a very small mass. The mass of the proton is about one atomic mass unit. The mass of the neutron is also about one atomic mass unit. The size of a proton is determined by the vibration of the quarks that are in it, and these quarks effectively form a cloud. + Large Hadron Collider: Buildings and structures in Switzerland :: Nuclear physics * The LHC starts with hydrogen atoms, and ionizes the atoms' electrons so that only protons are left. Protons are parts of atoms with a positive charge. The protons are moved around the Large Hadron Collider at very high speeds by giant supercooled electromagnets. These magnets have to be very cold to work and they are cooled by liquid helium. It then reverses and creates mass.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nucleon \| proton: Energetic proton * More energetic protons can penetrate the shielding, but their flux and cross section are much lower. * can arrive anywhere from a few minutes after the soft X-rays to hours later. Free proton * are emitted directly from atomic nuclei in some rare types of radioactive decay. * tend to repel one another. Solar proton * can penetrate into the Earth's magnetosphere near the magnetic poles. * passing through humans ionize molecules along their tracks. * pose a significant risk to inadequately shielded crewmembers. ### nucleophilic: Organometallic compound * Most organometallic compounds are soluble in hydrocarbon oils. * are nucleophilic - usually strong bases<\|endoftext\|>Nucleotide * All nucleotides are either purines or pyrimidines - have a common structure - share the sugar-phosphate backbone * Some nucleotides consist of sugar - find in cytoplasm * also have either a pyrimidine or purine base, attached to the pentose sugar - serve as nucleic acid monomers * are a major constituent of the non-protein fraction of breast milk - abundant in the cell's nucleus - arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix - carriers of activated intermediates in many biosynthetic processes - combined phosphate, sugar, and base - energy rich molecules because they contain nucleosides - ester - hard to make - important for several reasons - joined together by covalent - linked to one another to form a strand - nucleoside phosphates - organic molecules - part of codons * are the basic unit of the DNA molecule - basis for nucleic acids * are the building blocks of DNA - nucleic acid polymers - monomers that make nucleic acids - rungs of the ladder of the DNA double helix - units which, when linked sugar to phosphate, make up one side of a DNA ladder - very small, only a few dozen atoms apiece * belonging to chromatin are an example. * can also serve as short-term carriers of energy - join to each other by phosphodiester bonds * contain organic bases. * form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids. * have a nitrogenous base backbone - many functions in the cell - metabolic functions in cells - phosphate, sugar, and a nitrogen base - several carbons * is ester * only require two phosphorylations. ### nucleotide: Uracil * Some uracil replaces thymine. * lacks the methyl group of thymine. Nullity * is acts - the beginning of the universe * restores a couple to the status of never having been married. ### numbers game: Mail order * Mail Order is nothing more or less than selling a product or service via advertising by direct mail - numbers game * is only a process by which products are advertised and delivered to consumers - order ### numerals: Arabic numeral * All Arabic numerals precede all Roman numerals. * are numerals - preferable to Roman numerals - to be used for volume, part, and section numbers * begin with the text itself. * indicate divisions in sub-headings - fretting-hand fingering * represent intensities at specific locations.<\|endoftext\|>### numerals: Roman numeral * Roman Numerals Look up the conversions between American numerals and Roman numerals - use a base numbering system with letters * appear to be a refinement of the tally method still in use today. * can be cardinal or ordinal according to their position. * identify digits. * indicate a chord's fret location - the order of members of the individual families * refer to cranial nerves - generations * refer to the issue number, Arabic, to page number - nymph stage - volume numbers, while arabic numerals refer to pages * reflect Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity. * represent subgroups and Arabic numerals denote series. Numerous compound * Most numerous compounds have properties. * Some numerous compounds affect fate - find in fish * undergo free radical oxidation reactions on exposure to the oxygen in air.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nurse bees: Young bee * are nurse bees - particularly vulnerable to the miticide * feed larvae, build comb, and ripen nectar into honey in a rather definite sequence. * spend the first one to three weeks of their lives carrying out functions within the hive.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nutrient * All nutrients are absolutely necessary to life - either antagonistic or synergistic with other nutrients - water-soluble, making it an immediate plant food - have cellular antioxidant capability - needed by the body are available through food - play a crucial role in the maintenance, growth, and wellness of the entire body * Help reestablish root hairs by saturating the root zone with sea-kelp based products. * Many nutrients are good sources of antioxidants - in forms that are more available and hence useable by the animal - often limited and are recycled as organisms grow, shed leaves, and die - vital for proper fetal development - can help support the liver - come from the soil but carbon comes from the air - required by plants, such as phosphorous, are static or poorly-mobile in the soil * More nutrients are available, so producers can grow and reproduce more quickly - decreases species diversity - enter the ecosystem as rainwater - result in a greater concentration of phytoplankton in the water * Most nutrients affect functions - values * Most nutrients are absorbed into the blood in the jejunum - in the vegetation rather than the soil itself * Most nutrients are needed by fetuses - horses - provided by plants * Most nutrients boost alga growth * Most nutrients cause growth - nuisance plant growth - come from food - consist of b vitamins * Most nutrients contain nitrogen - substrate * Most nutrients contribute to good health - overall health * Most nutrients create excretion - do their best work in the body when teamed with other nutrients * Most nutrients encourage growth - hair growth * Most nutrients encourage healthy growth * Most nutrients enhance growth - enter bloodstreams * Most nutrients find in food - seafood - spinach - whole food - have direct impact * Most nutrients help energy - infection - oxidation * Most nutrients help prevent defects - diseases - sperm defects - roundworm infection - teeth * Most nutrients improve availability - mental functions - increase performance - interfere with uptake - lead to development * Most nutrients lead to excessive growth - phytoplankton growth - ill health - poor growth - pass from intestines * Most nutrients pass through intestines - the body without being assimilated if the liver is weak * Most nutrients pass to intestines - large intestines * Most nutrients play important roles * Most nutrients prevent deficiencies - illnesses - osteoporosises - produce growth * Most nutrients protect against cancer - heart diseases * Most nutrients provide calories - fertilizer - health benefits - nutrition - protection * Most nutrients require for antler growth - crop growth - milk synthesis * Most nutrients stimulate excessive growth * Most nutrients support development - plant life - root growth * Some nutrients affect health - status * Some nutrients are consumed by pigs - more prone than others to loss or destruction - natural and some are caused by human activity - needed by lambs - particularly important for strengthening the immune system * Some nutrients are provided by asparagus - basils - broccolis - cantaloupe - celery - gingers - very deficient while others are only somewhat deficient - become biomass * Some nutrients can be toxic at high concentrations - to animals at high concentrations * Some nutrients cause diseases - fatigue - gas production - pollution problems * Some nutrients come from natural sources - point sources * Some nutrients contain chromium - containing such building blocks are copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc * Some nutrients contribute to pollution - water pollution - dissolve and are carried by water * Some nutrients dissolve in sea water - enhance the parasympathetic nervous system others enhance the sympathetic branch - enter water * Some nutrients find in beef - green tea - parsleys - potato - vegetables * Some nutrients have effects - protective effects - specific pharmacologic effects at high dosages * Some nutrients help cholesterol - inflammation - moisture * Some nutrients improve night vision * Some nutrients increase primary productivity - interfere with assay in saliva - leach into the soil where they can remain for years - lead to deficiencies * Some nutrients limit alga growth - move towards roots in soil water by the process of mass flow - pass from villuses - play more roles in one system than others, but all play roles - prevent cancer * Some nutrients promote fungal growth - vegetative growth * Some nutrients protect against asthma - hearts - retinas * Some nutrients provide carbohydrates * Some nutrients reduce aquatic biodiversity - cost - production cost * Some nutrients require for development - embryo development - intestinal juice - run off over the ground into the body of water - specifically work the opposite to some chemotherapies * Some nutrients store in short stems - swell stems - supply energy and regulate cellular activity - take places - use plants * accumulate as the manure accumulates - at the surface because of fertilizer application - in deeper waters because of gravity * act as cofactors in many vital physiological processes. * affect aspects * also act on the surfaces of the throat and later stomach and small intestine - behave differently in the soil - come from sewage and leftover food that is put into the river - contaminate groundwater drinking supplies in many rural areas - enter and leave ecosystems, but before they leave they are often recycled many times - leach from the soil after it is exposed by clear-cutting - protect against environmental toxins and the cellular damage they cause - reach the coastal seas by upwelling * appear to leach rapidly from vegetation beginning the first day. * are a necessary component of the Bay's food web. * are absorbed at the hyphal tip - by the submerged plants through the general plant surface * are absorbed from the food in the small intestine - soil and moved throughout the plant's cells by way of transpiration - into the blood through the intestine wall - through all surfaces of the duckweed leaf * are absorbed through the frond, which is the name for the bottom half of the leaf - linings of the stomach and the first part of the intestine - tegument, since there is no mouth or digestive system - abundant, being confined to the system by the proximity of the bottom * are acquired by absorption, for the most part, from decaying material - from air, water, soil, or orther living things - added into the water and the equilibrium in the food web is disturbed - all around, but at very low concentrations - any of a group of elements necessary for growth - available at different amounts at different pHs - brought to the surface waters by turbulence, vertical mixing, and upwelling - carried into the deep ocean with sinking biological debris * are chemical elements and compounds that are necessary for life - essential to plant and animal nutrition - substances needed for growth and energy * are chemicals essential for life - that fulfill specific functions in the body - compounds that stimulate plant growth, like nitrogen and phosphorous - delivered to where they are needed in the plant, such as new leaves or branches - distributed internally via the digestive system and diffusion - drawn from the soil and used by the plant * are elements needed for growth in all living plants and animals - that are essential for life * are essential for good health, as are vitamins and minerals * are essential to human health - foods, or elements needed for growth and nourishment - generally beneficial when propagating yeast - important elements in streams, for they serve as sources of food - in the yolk, and wastes are excreted into the allantois and stored until hatching - ions that are crucial to the growth of living organisms - likely to leach out of the pot before they can be absorbed by the roots - minerals found in the soil - mixed with the water - more or less locked in when produce is frozen or canned * are moved around in biogeochemical cycles - inside a plant to where they are most needed - naturally present in the soil and are found as either minerals or elements - obtained as the enzymes digest the food inside the vacuole - other living systems, possessors of behavioral guidance words - potentially toxic when ingested in sufficiently large amounts - released, having the same effect on vegetation as fertilizing a lawn - required for proper function and growth - substances found in food that are needed for good health * are substances in food needed for normal growth, maintenance, and repair of tissues - that help the body stay healthy * are substances that have nutritional value - help plants grow - provide energy and materials for plants to grow - which help plants and animals live and grow - supplied to the developing sporophyte by the gametophyte - taken up from the soil by roots * are the essential building blocks of a healthy body - fuel of life - pieces to good health - things that make up the fuel of the body - glucose for example - third important component of successful rose culture - usually recognised components of food such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats * are transported by tidal flooding through the tidal channels - though fliud in the pseudocoelom - throughout the coelom, including the mantle lobes, by cilia - very important in everyone lives * are vital for plant and animal growth - to both the health of the baby and the mother during pregnancy - vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and water * can affect fetal development - also cycle out of an ecosystem * can be hard to come by as well - proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, or water - blow out of an ecosystem on the wind - cause dramatic changes in the phenotype of some animals, too * can come from industry, fertilizer runoff, factory farms and other sources - sewage treatment plants, fertilizers, and even vehicle exhaust - enter groundwater by percolation and are carried with runoff into surface waters - have a tremendous impact on moods - rebuild the body, and the liver can heal itself - spur algae blooms which block sunlight to valuable underwater grasses * cause excessive algae blooms * circulating in the bloodstream can no longer reach the skin in adequate amounts. * come from fertilisers that are used on land to help the plants grow faster and bigger - many sources, fertilizers, automobiles, sewage, manure, and others - various sources, both natural and manmade - to the soil only through natural processes * cycle continuously through the ecosystem. * degrade over time if exposed to air. * diffuse through the thin, relatively unstirred layer of fluid adjacent to the epithelium - to the rest of the body * encourage growth of aquatic vegetation in summer - the growth of algae, with accompanying problems as described above - our body in the form of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, protein, and fats - the soil helping making the ground fertile - waterways through a variety of different sources and mechanisms * escape through the walls of the intestine into our blood. * exist naturally in the earth's soil and atmosphere, and in animal manure. * fall from the upper layers and support life in the profundal zone. * feed plankton, stimulating their growth. * first pass through the epidermis, then through the cortex of the roots. * get into the bay in a number of ways. * go in and toxins are drawn out. * gradually accumulate, and algae tints the water green. - large impact - to be transported through the vascular tissue too - the tree's growing environment and facilitate recovery * include calcium - dry matter - irons - mineral calcium - phosphate * increase as sprouts grow in bulk, but calories remain the same * is returned to the atmosphere through denitrification, energy one way flow. * leach out, and water drainage can change to too fast or too slow. * leave the farm in harvested crops and animal products. * mainly come from animal droppings and decaying matter on their supporting tree. * maintain or improve the nutritional quality of food. * make medical therapy more toxic to the tumor and less toxic to the patient. * may have beneficial effects * move around ecosystems in loops - into blood vessels within the villi * move through a plant by the movement of water - an ecosystem in a. biogeochemical cycles * need for fungal growth * never occur as isolates in natural foods. * often enter the food chain with plants and are very important for plant and animal growth. - the lumen of a capillary into the surrounding tissue in more than one way - the intestinal cells and into small blood vessels * play a critical role in determining the ecology of rivers, lakes and estuaries - mental health * play important roles in defense against oxidative injury * potentially leave a field during snow melts if the ground is frozen. * present in colostrum include carbohydrates, fat, proteins, vitamins and minerals - wormcastings are readily soluble in water for uptake by plants * promote excessive algae growth which robs aquatic life in the bay of oxygen. * provide benefits * provide many benefits - other benefits * refer to vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and fiber. * regulate diamine oxidase release from intestinal mucosa. * remain high in surface waters. * run from land, down roads and into storm drains - out from the soil when it rains * sticking to soil particles is similar to, say, a paper clip sticking to a magnet. * stimulate algae which is just like plant nutrients stimulating plant growth. * store in endosperms * supply vitamins. - structure and function of the body * suspend and dissolve more quickly if mixed with hot water. * taken in by the body are broken down during cell processes - large doses become drugs and can have severe side effects - simultaneously can inhibit each other * tend to build up within an impounded system more quickly than in free-flowing systems. * travel from the mother to the developing child, but blood never passes. * used on farm fields infiltrate the Mississippi River via lakes and streams. * vary slightly with each flavor. * wash out of it easily, leaving little for plants to use. * work in complex synergies - only by interaction with other nutrients	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nutrient: Additional nutrient * can offset the costs of process- ing high toxin concentrations in several ways. * support men's urinary systems. Basic nutrient * Identify the basic nutrients and their roles in the body. * required by goats are protein, energy, minerals, vitamins, and water.<\|endoftext\|>### nutrient: Calcium * Has a calming effect and works with magnesium. * Helps build and maintain strong bones and teeth. * also activates the enzyme that forms nitric oxide in cells - aids in the release of neurotransmitters which carry messages between nerve cells - blocks the absorption of lead by the body - extracts fine bittering principles of the hop and reduces wort color - has a special role in later life, when it can help slow down bone loss - inhibits the body's absorption of iron and zinc * has a calming effect on the nervous system - constipating effect which tends to offset the magnesium - very limited solubility in steel and is mainly found in the inclusions present * has many functions in our body - health benefits - other functions in addition to maintaining healthy teeth and bones - several main functions in the body - the ability to make the soil act like a sponge to absorb water and oxygen - two allotropes * is also a health problem when unassimilated calcium is deposited in human joints - major component of eggshells, pearls and chalk - mineral that is very important for physically active women and young athletes - available in dietary supplements * is also essential for blood clotting, muscle contraction, and nerve functioning - regulating heartbeat and beneficial for reducing hypertension * is also essential to good rhododendron growth - the clotting of blood - good for the trees - important for healthy nails * is also important for muscle contraction and for our heart to beat - growth and prevention of muscle cramps - proper heart function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting - the development of a breast-feeding baby - to heart health, nerves, muscles and skin * is also necessary for osmoregulation, muscle contractions, blood coagulation - plant growth - proper egg and fry development - transmission of nerve impulses - presence in our bodies - present in good quantity in fish and green leafy vegetables * is also present in other milk products as well as vegetables and dried fruit - well-known foods - under investigation as a chemopreventive agent - very important in helping blood to clot - bound to phosphate which, with casein, forms a phosphoprotein - certainly a major element necessary for normal development of teeth and bones * is excreted in the urine and feces - urine by animal proteins, which are found in milk and other animal products - interrelated with phosphorus * is supplied as superphosphate or calcium ammonium nitrate solutions - to the plant in the form of exchangeable ions and moderately soluble minerals - the second most abundant element in the human body * provides an important link between tectonics , climate , and the carbon cycle. Essential nutrient * Most essential nutrients find in food - seafood - prevent osteoporosises - provide energy * Most essential nutrients require for growth - plant growth * Some essential nutrients find in milk - provide food - require for embryo development * are carried up through the pith - required for optimal health * come predominantly from the soil. * help performance. * need for life.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### nutrient: Excess nutrient * Most excess nutrients stimulate excessive growth * Some excess nutrients provide food. * Some excess nutrients reduce aquatic biodiversity * allow weeds and algae to bloom, choking out native aquatic species. * alter the Bay's ecosystem by causing an overgrowth of algae. * are a major source of pollution in our waters - applied to the soil - common pollutants in coastal waters - stored in various body tissues for future use * can also wash off the land when it rains and end up in coastal waters - cause algae blooms - runoff and add to lake pollution * cause algae blooms, which degrade water quality in the Bay - an overgrowth of algae, called algae blooms - eutrophication, which depletes oxygen - the water body to become choked with organic substances and organisms * flowing into our coastal waters can compound problems caused by anoxia. * reduce beneficial algae and promote unnatural growth of marsh vegetation. - plant growth Excessive nutrient * are the primary problem in Washington's lakes. * can also promote the growth of potentially toxic organisms - trigger excessive algae growth, or eutrophication Foodstate nutrient * FoodState nutrients are different from regular vitamins and minerals - in the form necessary for absorption * are food - the most important advance in nutrition today * begin with the same commercial molecule of vitamins or minerals. * contain no chemicals such as orotates or gluconates. Important nutrient * Most important nutrients are needed by horses. * Most important nutrients contribute to health - overall health * Some important nutrients protect against asthma. * need for growth. Inorganic nutrient * Most inorganic nutrients are in higher concentration in dwarf mistletoe shoots than in host tissues. * Some inorganic nutrients are synthesized, or made, by humans. * include phosphate. Key nutrient * affect aspects. * can help the body normalize the inflammatory response, thus restoring balance. Liquid nutrient * are available for children who refuse chewables. * course steadily through the bioreactor, mimicking blood flow. Major nutrient * Most major nutrients require for growth. * are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus. * include carbohydrates. Many nutrient * Most many nutrients lead to health - ill health - protect against cancer - provide health benefits * Some many nutrients use plants. * provide benefits Mineral nutrient * are added to animal feed - critical for plant growth and reproduction * include irons. * required by plants enter entirely or predominantly via roots. Necessary nutrient * Most necessary nutrients contribute to good health * Most necessary nutrients require for growth - healthy growth Other nutrient * are needed by fetuses. * find in food. * interfere with uptake. Plant nutrient * Many plant nutrients occur in the soil as positively charged cations. * Some plant nutrients promote growth. * are more concentrated inside the roots than in the surrounding soil. * come from chemical soaps, washing powders, etc. * exist in several forms. Soil nutrient * Most soil nutrients are cations. * Some soil nutrients dissolve in water. * are another limiting re- source in many forests - low, and decomposition occurs rapidly - valuable for vegetative growth Soluble nutrient * are likely to contaminate groundwater. * pass, by diffusion, through the walls of the small intestine into the blood. Yeast nutrient * Most yeast nutrients improve performance. * helps the yeast to ferment more quickly. * is basically urea, though highly purified.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Nylon * All nylons are hygroscopic. * Most nylon has properties. * silky material which was first used in toothbrushes. It is found in clothes, most polyamide that is produced is used for synthetic fibres in clothing. Nylon can also be used to make war materials, such as parachutes and ropes. Nylon is like silk in appearance. It is strong, hard and water resistant. It is used in manufacture of string, ropes, string for tyres, carpet, net for fishing and cloth or parachute. * are a luxury item that provokes a mysterious sensuality to both females and males alike - also long chains of smaller molecules, each linked by one of the amide bonds - one of the most common polymers used as a fiber - polyamides made form the reactions of diacids and diamines * belongs to a class of polymers known as a. * can do more damage to the scales, protective membrane and eyes of the salmon. * causes static electricythat can ignite propane. * contain nitrogen atoms in the repeat unit backbone. * contains a small amount of titanium - nitrogen and oxygen * has desirable properties * have good resistance to creep and cold flow compared to many less rigid thermoplastics. * interfere with conductivity. * is available in brilliant colors and solution-dyed varieties are colorfast - both wear and shock resistant to insure longer caster life - clear and colorless , or milky, but is easily dyed - common substances - fabric - generally the most durable and resilient, but is the least stain resistant - highly resistant to tears, water and abrasions - ideal for acrylic paint - less absorbent than wool or cotton * is located in clothing - drawers - stockings - suitcases - organic polymers - relatively strong and weather resistant * is resistant to moths and mildew - rot and mildew but can be damaged by rust from iron fittings or anchor chain - slightly less dense and has better abrasion resistance than does polyester - solids - strong and tough - strong, durable and resistant to most solvents, mild acids and alkali cleaners - stronger yet weighs less than any other commonly used fiber - susceptible to damage from predators such as turtles, otters, alligators and crabs * is synthetic fabric * is used for covering - hose - panty hose - very durable and washable, and come in a variety of colors * offers a very high abrasion resistance, and is unaffected by mildew or rot. * provides brilliant colors and hides soil and traffic well - stability * responds to soap and water. * slowly absorbs humidity and can become quite conductive after some time. * stands up to water better than cotton or hemp rope. * tend to be abrasive, as well, particularly when damp. ### obedient faith: Biblical faith * confidence so strong that it results in action. * confident expectation and desire for good things in the future. * continues to be the Christian faith, the church's faith, our faith. * is an obedient faith. * is historical, convenantal and eschatological - covenantal and eschatological - more than just believing in Jesus * understands human existence and human destiny in irreducibly historical terms.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Obesity * All obesity is mute testimonial to over-eating. * More obesity means more diabetes. * Most obesity affects health - becomes health problems * Most obesity causes death - issues - premature death * Most obesity causes serious issues - medical issues - increases over time * Most obesity relates conditions - such conditions * Some obesity affects life - has genetic determinant * Some obesity has strong determinant - increases likelihood * Some obesity leads to health problems - heart problems - other health problems * adds stress to the heart, bones, and muscles - to the problem by putting more strain on the unstable joints * affects both sexes, across all age groups, races, and educational backgrounds - economic and social status - economic, social status - far more than just appearance - more than the bottom line - one in five children in the United States * afflicts about a third of U.S. adults. * also adds pressure. * also affects child health - youngsters who have reached marriageable age - aggravates the condition - can predispose a woman to endometrial cancer * also causes diabetes, heart damage, liver failure - liver and kidney disease - compromises the effectiveness of a proper physical exam - decreases gallbladder emptying - has an aggravating influence on several cardiovascular risk factors - increase the risks of surgery and childbirth * also increases abdominal pressure - mortality from all causes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer * also increases the risk of injury to the other knee - stroke, diabetes, and high blood pressure - influences women's cholesterol levels and heart-disease risk * also is an independent risk factor for heart disease - prevalent among males - leads to osteoarthritis because of the stress of excess weight on the body s joints - plays a prominent role in hypertension, osteoarthritis and immune dysfunction - predisposes individuals to developing diabetes - raises the risk of gallstones, arthritis and a host of other conditions - results if the hormones that the pituitary gland secretes are deficient - seems to play a role * alters the way hormones are made and function. * always involves a high proportion of body fat in relation to muscle and bone. * appears to be casually related to colon cancer. * arises as a result of behavioral, environmental, and genetic factors - from many general places * attenuates the growth hormone response to exercise. * becomes a disease of the poor * big subject, with evolutionary, genetic, biochemical, and cultural components. * can affect ovulation and menstruation, causing failure to ovulate and menstrual dysfunction - the cycle by accidentally converting adrenal hormones into estrogen * can also adversely affect their self esteem - self-esteem - be a symptom * can also cause emotional distress, including depression - lung, liver and heart diseases - secondary osteoarthritis due to the added pressure on weight bearing joints - decrease testosterone levels - lead to stretch marks * can be a predisposing factor to eating disorders, especially in men - problem when fed unhealthy, unbalanced diets - real problem in house rabbits - as deadly as malnutrition - hereditary, hence some people are at increased risk - just as deadly - bring out the metabolic syndrome in people who are genetically predisposed to it * can cause a host of problems for children now and in the future - complications, some of which are severe - diabetes , heart conditions , cancer and high blood pressure - fatty deposits in the liver, leading to inflammation - heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer and diabetes - impairment of heart, respiratory and digestive functions - increased fat deposits in the throat which can narrow the air passage - many health problems due to the strain it puts on organs and joints - spine and leg problems - the number of receptors for insulin to decrease * can contribute to cancers of the colon, breast, prostate, gallbladder, ovaries and uterus - coronary heart disease, stroke and diabetes - heart disease, diabetes and arthritis - many other health problems - decrease the quality and the length of the animal's life - foster poor self-esteem and pave the way for eating disorders - have serious health consequences - impair ovulation and interfere with ovulation-inducing drug therapy - impede the muscles that inflate and ventilate the lungs * can lead to a number of health problems, including diabetes - wheelchair existence or to an expensive knee replacement - diabetes, which then compounds the problem of heart disease - diseases later on in life - heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure - liver disease and other metabolic problems - major illnesses, like diabetes and coronary heart disease * can lead to many health problems - of the more serious conditions such as diabetes - sterilization of males - make hypertension worse - result from overfeeding and has been noted to be a problem in captivity * can result in cruciate ligament rupture - diabetes, heart and liver diseases, breathing difficulties and arthritis - insulin resistance, a major characteristic of diabetes * can seriously affect our health - increase the incidence of diseases - weaken physical health and well-being and can shorten life expectancy * cause of numerous adult diseases. * caused by hormone pills bit difficult to get rid unlike other forms of obesity. * causes a desire to exercises - an increased incidence of sleep apnea - arthritis, heart disease, and kidney disease - diabetes and burden on the heart - increased stress on joints, especially knees and ankles - many abnormalities in laboratory tests - the heart to work harder * chronic condition. * chronic disease and needs to be treated as such - in which the body has an unhealthy amount of excess fat tissue - just like high blood pressure, just like diabetes - which can be successfully managed - with a familial component - disorder that affects a large number of people, and it is on the rise * chronic medical condition and can be effectively treated - problem with serious complications * chronic, relapsing disease affecting millions of people throughout the world. * clearly raises the risk of cancer. * clinical sign, which has several possible causes. * common ailment in cats today - and widespread condition - cause of hypertension - condition which can have profoundly negative health and social consequences - disease which poses serious health risks, particularly for diabetics - eating disorder associated with adolescence * common problem in cockatiels - with the breed because they burn calories at a slower rate * common, and increasing, condition in modern society. * commonly sensitive issue in adolscents of either sex. * complex condition that has resisted simple, magic bullet solutions - the medical community is just beginning to understand - trait where many social, behavioural and biological factors are involved * complex, chronic disease requiring long-term weight management. * complicated disease. * concern to many owners, and contributes to a variety of health problems. * condition of excess body fat - excessive body fat that can lead to adverse health effects - signified by excess body fat that frequently results in poor health - that has been supported by our life-style * continues to be a problem for patients in the United States - increase rapidly in the United States - plague the American public and the health system * contributes to a variety of diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer - diabetes, cancer, heart disease and stroke * contributes to many other health problems * contributing factor in obstructive sleep apnea - risk factor for heart disease that can be changed * correlates with other factors as well, such as poor dietary habits, genetics, and ethnicity - symptoms in gout * creates a psychological burden, quality of life issues. * currently affects roughly one-third of American adults and the incidence is increasing. * damages society in ways that rival the hit from cigarette smoking. * decreased risk for breast cancer premenopausally. * decreases rate of conception and increases risk for whelping complications * describes a person s weight. * develops from a chronic excess of energy intake over energy expenditure - when calorie input exceeds calorie output * develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure - requirements * disorder of equal magnitude and disruption. * disproportionately affects blacks. * does appear to run in some alpaca families. * does, in fact, shorten life. * exacerbates dyslipidemia. * extremely common condition among pet dogs large and small. * factor in both disease and premature death - most cases * form of malnourishment - malnutrition where there problem of nutrient imbalance * gives rise to various ailments and ailments prevent one from taking exercises. * greatly increases the probability of founder - risk of urinary tract disease * growing national health problem among both adults and children. * growing problem all over the world - every year in the United States - in the UK and in other developed countries - public health problem in America * has a greater effect than plasma insulin on various pathophysiologies - high association with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome - negative influence on blood pressure and cholesterol and made lead to diabetes - strong association with infertility and menstrual irregularities - enormous health implications - important health implications * has many causes - dangerous effects on pregnancy - negative health consequences and significantly reduces overall quality of life * hereditary disease. * highly prevalent medical condition and is commonly accompanied by hypertension. * huge problem - worry to health experts * increases as people age - blood pressure and cholesterol and can lead to diabetes - estrogen levels in women and can cause early menarche in young girls - perspiration * increases risk for diabetes - problematic wounds - of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and other illnesses - the relative risk of cancer of the breast, uterus, and colon * increases the risk for osteoarthritis of the knee - such problems as heart disease and diabetes * increases the risk of colon cancer - coronary heart disease, osteoarthritis, and various cancers - degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis of the knee - diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other health problems * increases the risk of high blood pressure and coronary heart disease - pressure and, consequently, stroke - hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease - kidney stones - uterine cancer, and there's convincing evidence of that * induced by a high-fat diet is associated with reduced brain insulin transport in dogs. * is America's most serious nutritional problem - number one general health problem - all too common in America * is also a contributing factor for a number of other conditions, including arthritis - kind of malnutrition - major cause of developing hypertension * is also a major factor for incontinence in older women * is also a risk factor for diabetes - snoring - uterine, cervix, ovary, gallbladder and prostate cancers - factor, especially with hip and knee involvement - serious health problem for the nation's children - significant risk factor for both women and men, as is diabetes - an important factor - controllable, through moderate exercise and dietary changes - in vogue - more common in adults employed in manual occupations, particularly in women - the cause of many other serious disorders and diseases - among the easiest medical conditions to recognize but most difficult to treat * is an American obsession - accumulation of excess fat in the body * is an epidemic among people and the same is coming true for cats and dogs - pets as it is among people, and major health concern - in America and people heed help, in many different ways * is an epidemic in the United States and other developed countries * is an established health hazard - risk factor for heart disease, certain cancers, and stroke - ever-growing problem - excess amount of body fat * is an excess of body fat, frequently resulting in a significant impairment of health * is an excessive amount of fat weight - storage of body fat - extreme condition where the body is completely out of balance in every way - increasing problem in Zuni - increasingly common problem in dogs in Western countries * is an independent risk factor for heart disease as well as other disorders - issue, awaiting genetic blood test results for prader-willi syndrome - uncommon problem in ferrets owing to their high metabolic rates * is another important food-related health issue - major risk factor * is another risk factor for cancer that is affected by diet - as great an issue for fish as for people and dogs * is associated with a decreased leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier in rats - large number of very important diseases - greater health problems than overweight * is associated with high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and some types of cancer - levels of low density lipoproteins - hyperinsulinemia and increased islet cell insulin secretion * is associated with increased risk of premature death and considerable ill health - premature death and ill health - secretion of cholesterol in the bile - inefficient energy production - insulin resistance, which is where too much insulin is made * is associated with many health complications - serious illnesses - physical inactivity - premature occurrence of acute myocardial infarction - at an all time high - bad for one's health - both simple and complex - brought on by lifestyle and causes disease * is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors - disturbed carbohydrate metabolism - excessive fat accumulation in the body - giving the dog too many snacks and too little exercise - lack of exercise and a diet too high in fat * is characterized by both an increase in adipocyte cell size and number - the accumulation of an excessive amount of fatty or adipose tissue - classified by the percent over the ideal body weight - clearly a risk factor * is common in Fiji - North America, Australasia and Europe - complex and is influenced by a variety of social, behavioral andphysical elements - concentrated in cities - considered a serious disease and has been linked to shortened life expectancy * is considered by doctors to be a disease within itself - many doctors to be a disease in itself - the most significant nutritional disorder in the industrialized world - currently the most common nutritional disease seen in cats - dangerous for many health reasons * is defined by percentage of body fat - in the United States in terms of the body mass index - determined by measuring body fat content as well as weight - detrimental to most patients in one way or another * is due to almost entirely to heredity - reduced activity, over-feeding and a lower metabolic rate - easier to prevent than it is to treat - far more serious than just excess weight - figuratively and literally a disease of enormous proportions - filled with topics on the benefits of exercise - found a little more among men than women - frequently due to malnutrition - harmful because fat cells produce estrogen in addition to what the ovaries also produce * is having a high amount of body fat - an excessive amount of body fat - implicated the most strongly in coronary disease - indeed a huge problem in North America * is known to be associated with musculoskeletal or joint-related pain - cause serious health problems - protect against osteoporosis * is linked strongly with diabetes and heart disease, as well as with some cancers - to a variety of serious health conditions, including heart disease and diabetes * is linked to an increased incidence of chronic disease - risk of breast cancer - cancers of the uterus, gallbladder, breast, and colon - diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease and knee and joint problems - higher than average rates of depression and greater mental illness - serious cardiovascular diseases including strokes and heart attacks - social deprivation - with all forms of cardiovascular disease and increases the risk of dying early * is measured by comparing a person's weight and height - in terms of body mass as it relates to fat - solely on the basis of weight - more prevalent in lower economic groups * is more than a cosmetic concern - just a cosmetic concern, though * is most likely a multi-causal problem, with contributions from several areas - risky for young people and for people who have been obese for a long time - much more common among heavy meat-users * is now a serious public health problem - second to only smoking as a cause of mortality in the United States - observed at a high incidence - of special interest where diabetes is present * is often present, and the development of diabetes is fairly common - the cause of diabetes in adults - on one side of the health spectrum * is on the rise in America, and unfortunately many young children are already overweight - children, and excess sugar can be a contributing factor - worldwide at an alarming rate in both developed and less-developed countries * is one of the chief causes of heart disease and of some cancers - hardest conditions to prevent and treat - key risk factors for gallstones - main health problems of older dogs - major contributors toward death * is one of the most common health problems of older dogs - reasons for visits to adolescent clinics - prevalent health hazards in industrialied countries * is one of the most serious health problems facing the youth of Asia - health risks prevalent today in the United States - public health problems in the United States - significant health problems in the developed countries - nation's most significant health problems - possible by-products of poor eating habits - strongest risk factors for gallstones - result of our consumer-oriented society - particularly common among inner-city teens - probably a health issue they ll never even have to think about * is probably the most commonly quoted disadvantage of neutering - disadvantage of spaying - rare but by late childhood some increased weight gain can occur - recognized as a multifaceted disease best approached in a comprehensive way * is related to age, sex, social class and cultural background - cardiovascular disease and other diseases - second only to smoking as a leading cause of preventable deaths - similar in character to many chronic diseases, yet no single cause has been identified - sometimes the result of other disease states, such as hypothyroidism - still a tremendous risk factor - suspected in the rise in heart attacks among the young * is the accumulation of excess energy stored as fat - cause of many sequellae such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer - common link between many disease states - direct effect of a lack of local food accessibility - excess accumulation of body fat - fastest growing chronic disease, especially among children - inability for the body to balance caloric intake and energy output - key to their survival * is the leading modifiable risk factor for diabetes - main cause of heart ailment and treating the disorder tough task - medical term for extreme overweight conditions * is the most common health problem facing children - in developed countries * is the most common nutritional disorder in Western societies - in children and often leads to obesity in adulthood * is the most common nutritional problem facing children in the United States - in companion animals - commonly noted medical condition - important environmental factor in patients that are genetically predisposed - prevalent and serious nutritional disease in the United States * is the most serious health problem in the United States today - medical problem facing dogs in the U.S. today - net result of an excess of energy consumption over expenditure * is the number one cause of diabetes - chronic disease among dogs, say veterinarians - nutritional disease in pets and can result in serious health problems - primary health problem * is the result of a complex interaction between genetics and environment - consistently greater intake of energy, i.e. food, than output of energy - habitually consuming more calories than one burns - many influences - overfeeding and lack of physical activity - second largest cause of death after cigarette smoking * is the second leading cause of premature death - preventable death in the United States - unnecessary deaths - preventable cause of death after smoking * is the second most common preventable cause of death in the United States - problem seen in pet bunnies - second-leading cause of preventable death, after smoking - state of being very overweight - underlying cause of a majority of diseases affecting mankind today - worst enemy of the draft dog - thought by some to also be a part of the syndrome * is thought to be a causative factor - increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer - treated in a group setting, with a long-term commitment - twice as common among older people as among younger people * is unhealthy because excess weight increases the strain on the heart - it places a lot of strain on the heart - usually only a problem if the diet is too high in fat - very difficult to treat - viewed differently from culture to culture * is when one has excess body fat - weight exceeds a certain percentage of the norm and causes health problems - yet another modifiable risk factor for heart disease * is, in fact a serious disease with serious medical consequences - general, the result of personal choices and poses zero risk of communication * known risk factor for the development of diabetes. - contributor to heart disease and diabetes in adults - risk factor for a wide range of cardiovascular and other serious diseases * leads the young adult to become dissatisfied or fixated with their body image. * leads to chronic disease such as stroke, heart disease, and diabetes - hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes - increased reflux - many other health problems, including adult-onset diabetes - paralysis of the Bassets - serious health problems such as heart disease - several diseases both in pets and people - untold problems and shortens the life span * limits performance in aerobic activities. * major cause for the sharp rise. * major cause of disease in cockatiels - morbidity and mortality in the United States - mortality in the United States,'' concludes one of the surveys - the overall loss of energy experienced by so many people - contributor to disease in older dogs - health problem for African-American men and women * major health problem in America - Indiana - all developed countries * major health problem in the United States and is increasing at epidemic proportions - States and the subject of much research - States and there is no effective cure or treatment - which is clearly influenced by low birth weight * major problem among children in the United States - for many men * major problem in more and more developed countries - the United States as well as in some other countries - problem, with the Australian weight problem continuing to creep up * major public health problem in the United States and worldwide * major risk factor for a heart attack - gallstones, especially in women - heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer - multiple illnesses and diseases - serious illness, and no longer just a cosmetic issue - the formation of gallstones - in developing today's chronic killer diseases * makes arthritis hard to manage - people psychologically disturbed and always conscious about their appearance - the concealment of the penis worse * means an excess of body fat regardless of weight - different things to different people - illness and sick days and that means lost productivity * metabolic disorder, just like diabetes or elevated cholesterol. * modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. * now affects one in five children in the United States - causes more illness and death than smoking * occurs when far more calories are consumed than are used by the body. * often can complicate asthma - develops insidiously - mandates rapid sequence induction - results in problems greater than aesthetics - starts during the teenage years * only aggravates navicular disease. * overtaxes growing bones and joints. * places a strain particularly on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. * poses danger - many danger * presents a double barrelled problem - numerous problems for the child - serious medical risks * problem in any species - of emaciated myocytes and bloated adipocytes - that frustrates both patients and physicians * produces social isolation because of the teasing by peers of obese children and teens. * prominent health issue in North America. * promotes high cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes that contribute to heart disease. * protective maneuver, to maximize food consumption during times of plenty, gone wrong. * puts a person at a greater risk of some forms of cancer - an additional stress on the back * raises cholesterol and blood pressure, and major risk factor for heart attacks. * raises the risk of developing cancer, possibly due to shifts in hormone levels - suffering a heart attack or a stroke * ranks second only to smoking as a leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States. * real medical problem for some people - problem for Basset Hounds - public health issue * reduces life expectancy because it increases the risk of other health disorders - by increasing the risk of diabetes and other chronic diseases * refers specifically to an excess of body fat - having an abnormally high proportion of body fat - to excessive body fat * reflects the disordered energy balance. - to more than looks * remains a disease that is poorly understood and poorly treated - major concern into young adulthood * represents the greatest problem to health. * requires controlling for a lifetime. * results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors - overeating foods rich in energy - unbalanced energy budgets - when the size or number of fat cells in a person's body increases * risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women - colon cancer in both men and women, reports a federal researcher - diabetes, gallbladder disease, heart disease, and high blood pressure - diseases to be avoided where possible * risk factor for heart disease and a culprit in other diseases as well - can be a culprit in other diseases, as well - many diseases * risk factor for several forms of cancer, including cancer of the breast and uterus - medical disorders, including diabetes and stroke - venous thromboembolism - for sleep apnea, as high proportion of body fat on the neck * robs the health of people. * runs rampant among the Pimas, resulting in an epidemic of diabetes and hypertension. * safety concern. * serious and growing public health problem - concern to all health care practitioners * serious health concern that severely decreases the quality of life for many people * serious health problem for kids - that can be helped with a sensible diet and exercise program - threat to people everywhere - link to disk problems in our breeds - medical problem in the United States * severe medical problem. * significant health problem in many pets, and can contribute to major disease - risk factor for CVDs that can be prevented and controlled - problem in the pet feline population * significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease - factor, particularly for men - secondary risk factor for stroke * simply means an accumulation of body fat. * state of disease. * stresses the joints. * strong predictor for heart disease, especially among women - of heart disease, especially among women * strong risk factor for gallstones - non-insulin dependent diabetes * suggests pulmonary disease. * thus becomes a physical symbol of wealth - contributes to premature mortality * ticking time bomb, in terms of both health and health care expense. * usually is defined by body mass index, a formula based on height and weight. * very complex issue - relative disorder * well-studied risk factor for gallstone formation. * western epidemic. * wide-spread public health issue that needs our urgent attention. * worldwide epidemic, affecting all countries and all ethnicities. + Overweight: Nutrition :: Obesity + Puberty, When puberty starts and ends: Physiology :: Human sexuality * Obesity is the state of being very overweight. A scientific study seems to say that girls who are obese start puberty early. Some obese girls have started growing breasts before the age of nine years and have had their first period before 12 years. Therefore, if a girl is obese, her body fat sends signals to her brain that she is ready to become pregnant. Girls who have early puberty can have health problems later on in life.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### obesity: Extreme obesity * is associated with many physical and mental disorders - considered very attractive to some Polynesian and Hawaiian natives * shortens lives. Human obesity * is likely to result from rare mutations in a number of different genes. * risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. Morbid obesity * chronic, mostly-genetic disease, characterized by excessive fatty tissue. * condition where a patient weighs two or more times the ideal weight. * disease, of excess energy store in the form of fat. * is most prevalent in inner cities, and affects many more women than men Severe obesity * chronic condition that is difficult to treat - very difficult to treat * is life threatening - overrepresented in lower socioeconomic groups and among women * long term condition that is very difficult to treat.<\|endoftext\|>Object permanence * is seen in children eight to twelve months old. + Child development, Child Development Theories, Cognitive Developmental Theory, Stages of Cognitive Development * In the sensorimotor stage, children gain object permanence. This happens between 8 and 12 months. Object permanence is knowing that a thing is still in existence even if the child cannot see it. Object permanence is seen in children eight to twelve months old. In the task a toy is hidden under a blanket. If the baby can find the toy than the baby has learned object permanence. ### objectification: Externalization * are attribution - objectification * is objectification - the scourge of high performance retail<\|endoftext\|>### obligate aerobe: Mycobacterium tuberculosis * can be difficult to isolate in vitro - produce oral ulcers inoculated by sputum from the lungs * causes the infection - tuberculosis * consists of many different strains which are evolving rapidly. * has a thick, waxy coat that also makes the stain irregular - no known endotoxin or exotoxins * is an obligate aerobe - more responsible for chronic pericardial disease - present in the culture - species * is the causative agent of tuberculosis - number one killer among infectious diseases - strain that causes the disease known as tuberculosis * kills more people than any single infectious agent.<\|endoftext\|>Obligation * Some obligation is raw debt, used to leverage the purchase of machinery or more farmland. * are legal investments for public entities and fiduciaries. * consists in motives raised through the use of theoretical reason. * function of knowledge. * horrible sense of slavery that a person denies being able to get out of. * implies formal relationships and agreements, and refers to explicit promises and duties. * is forced relationships - personal relations - social control - states - the essence of alterity * refers to an allocation of available funds constituting the ceiling for disbursements. * sometimes substitutes for love when considering marriage.<\|endoftext\|>### obligation: Requirement * affect business. * apply to individuals. * are duties - mandates * depend on conditions - environmental conditions - factors - many factors * determine capacity. * include ability - elevate nutrients - guidance - resources * influence complexity - success * is responsibility * limit suitabilities. * monitoring technique that is used to continuously analyze a working system. * reflect reality. * relate to conditions - high voltage conditions - purposes ### obligation \| requirement: Energy requirement * do vary with an animal's size due to metabolic factors. * drop as body temperature lowers, breathing and heart rate slow. Nutrient requirement * are probably higher during growth, prior to maturity. * depend on factors * increase with the level of crop production. Nutritional requirement * Many nutritional requirements change during pregnancy, and vitamins are no exception. * change with age due to the changing hormonal and metabolic rates.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### obligation \| requirement: Specific requirement * include guidance. * influence complexity.<\|endoftext\|>### obscurity: Anonymity * Anonymities are obscurity - situations * allows users to safely and freely experiment with their multiplicity of selves. * can also be an essential component of personalization - lead people to believe they can get away with the shoddiest behavior * ensures the privacy of a transaction on multiple levels. * has a disinhibiting effect that cuts two ways. * is another reason people incorporate in Nevada - clearly a concept of privacy, but it is also a concept of free expression - crucial for some people participating in an abuse recovery environment - equal to non-existence - essential to privacy and free speech - extremely important in maintaining the integrity the network * is important due to the nature of the relationship between the utility and the marketer - for political processes - no substitute for personality, friendships and community * is one of the advantages of chatting online - largest barriers to active participation - provided by virtual reality * is the great stuff the web is made of and the safest - mother of trust - spiritual foundation of all our traditions - vital to both privacy and freedom of speech - what makes the Internet such a special medium - when even the researcher can never tell which person gave which information - where they remain unknown to the researcher * lowers inhibition and prevents forma- tion of cliques. * means keeping the participants identity unknown - that there is no way to identify individual subjects' responses * often makes it easier for people to give their candid opinions about a paper. * protects the identity of all members. * radical means for protecting privacy. * reduces the negative impact on freedom that comes from building personal wealth - risk of social ostracism, and promotes democracy online * serves a number of functions. * shield from the tyranny of the majority. * technical means to privacy on the Internet. * vital concept of drug programmes. Occasion * are business - human activities - opportunity - time * have contact. * include many food tradition * is an occurrence * take places. ### occasion: Ceremonial * is an occasion * play an important part in Jewish life. * routinely commemorate the roots of the institutions they celebrate.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### occasion: Emergency * Emergencies affect women and girls differently from men and boys. * Emergencies are calls such as sudden illness and athletic-related injuries - conditions that threaten life, limb, or sight - crisises - hazards - potentially life threatening conditions where time is of the essence - rare events which happen suddenly and unexpectedly - rare, and children tend to have less problems with bleeding at school than at home - severe illness, hospitalization, or a death in the immediate family - cause a desire to runs - create conflict * Emergencies have impact - significant impact - impact decisions * Emergencies need attention - immediate attention - occasionally take place in a person s life - present stressful situations where human communication is crucial - refer to both man-made and natural disasters - require attention * Emergencies require immediate attention - treatments - prompt attention - see many people and resources working together in a complex and changing situation * Many emergencies occur while people are sleeping, such as sudden illness, fire, crime, etc. * frozen dinners contain a complete meal that can be kept in the refrigerator and freezer. * needs comprise health sector, drinking water, sanitation and productive inputs. + Emergency communication system, Properties of Emergency Communication Systems, Separate Recipients * Emergencies often require delivery of different versions of the same message at the same time. For example, in an armed hostage-taking emergency, the people inside a building may need to get instructions to lock the door, while police and other people may need to be aware that all of the doors could be locked and other information, so they can decide what to do - Why Emergency Communication Systems are Needed: Emergency services :: Communication * Emergencies can make communications difficult. Communicating during emergencies can be very different than communicating during normal times. When emergencies happen, many things about the situation can change suddenly. Because of that, an emergency communication system should be able to do many special things. Every emergency situation can be very different and difficult to predict, so a good emergency communication system must be able to work for every situation + Medical emergency, Statistics * Most emergencies are quite unspectacular. They will happen close to home and not to complete strangers. ### occasion \| emergency: Airway obstruction * can be congenital or acquired * is always possible in any patient who receives a general anesthesia - caused by a variety of changes in the airway - rare with croup - thought to be initiated by inflammatory events in the airways Medical emergency * Medical emergencies are a fact of life - one emergency that planners say requires special staffing - physical events - relate to equipment standards and training procedures * Medical emergencies require immediate attention - prompt attention * Some medical emergencies cause death. Fundraiser * are affairs - solicitors - workers * is an occasion * plan programs to raise money for charities or other nonprofit causes. Sleepover * are a great part of growing up - affairs - open to both children and adults * can be fun for kids, but sleepless for parents.<\|endoftext\|>### occasionally necessary: Oral corticosteroid * Most oral corticosteroids produce effects. * Most oral corticosteroids produce serious effects - side effects * are occasionally necessary - used to treat COPD when symptoms get rapidly worse - very effective in rescue therapy * can cause hypertension. * can have more side effects than inhaled corticosteroids - untoward side effects, especially in the elderly * improve the chance of recovery and decrease the overall duration of symptoms. Occidentalism * is quality * represents adversarial compulsion from the East.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Occurrence * are presence. * become facts. * cause damage. * depend on presence - weather * have causes * increase likelihood. * indicate potential * influence designs. * is an event * lead to hypotheses. * receive attention - great attention * take places. ### occurrence: Accompaniment * are happening - parts * is an occurrence * literally means to walk with or alongside people. Allopatry * is an occurrence * means 'different land'. + Speciation, Geographical isolation: Evolution * Another term for geographic speciation is 'allopatric' speciation. Allopatry means 'different land'. Avulsion * are almost a contraindication for replant - separation - the loss of a tooth through frontal impact * means a tearing away or separation. * occurs when the slope of a channel decreases and the sediment build-up increases. * refers to a fracture of intrinsic etiology, generally caused by muscular contraction. * results in hypoxia and eventual necrosis of the pulp. * usually occur as a downstream to upstream process via head cutting erosion.<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence: Convergence - joining - physical events - serieses * occurs when unrelated taxa evolve similar morphologies or behaviors. + Outflow (meteorology): Meteorology * Convergence occurs along the leading edge of the downdraft. Convergence of dust, aerosols, and bugs at the leading edge will lead to a higher clear air signature. The signature of the leading edge is also influenced by the density change between the cold air from the downdraft and the warm environmental air. This density boundary will increase the number of echo returns from the leading edge. Clouds, hydrometeors and new thunderstorms can also develop along the outflow's leading edge. This makes it possible to locate the outflow boundary when using precipitation mode. ### occurrence \| convergence: Digital convergence * is the key to massive distribution and o interactivity. * means more than television sets and personal computers sharing features - sameness in distribution * powerful player in the automation industry and the world. Deceleration * are decreases in the fetal heart rate. - negative acceleration and has a negative value to indicate direction - rates - speed - the biggest killer in skiing * is the decrease of speed or velocity over time - opposite of acceleration + Acceleration, Deceleration: Basic physics ideas :: Mechanics * Deceleration is the opposite of acceleration. This means that something slows down instead of speeding up. For example, when a car brakes, it is decelerating. Decrease * glutamate transport by the brain and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. * is amounts - processes * occur in bone density, lean body mass, muscular strength, and hematopoiesis. * sleep latency, increases the duration of sleep, and decreases the number of awakenings. ### occurrence \| decrease \| easing: Decompression * Reverses the procedure used to compress an image. * are easing. * consists of a linear interpolation between sample points. * is simply the control of antagonisms by power. * is the permanent control of both antagonists by the ruling class - treatment of choice * period following a major life change. ### occurrence \| decrease \| easing \| decompression: Core decompression * involves drilling holes in the femoral neck in order to get it to heal faster - removing portion of the bone in the head of the femur * is contraindicated by the stage of the disease. Decompression melting * creates the ocean crust at mid-ocean ridges. * involves the upward movement of Earth's mostly-solid mantle. * occurs because of a decrease in pressure.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### occurrence \| decrease \| easing: Liberalization * encourages wealth creation by providing easier and more varied access to capital. * is easing - relief - the process of opening telecommunication markets to competition + Economic liberalization: Economic policy * The state that follows this path often delegates some of the tasks it usually perfomed to privately held companies. Liberalization is also about offering interesting taxes to companies. ### occurrence \| decrease \| easing \| liberalization: Economic liberalization * fuels the drug trade in at least four ways. * requires extending property rights to the poor, especially to land. Trade liberalization * can lead to increased domestic employment. * does lead to growth of profits for global agribusiness corporations. * encourages investments to flow into the most competitive sectors. * gives investors the signal to move into exports. * increases total surplus of trading nations. * is essential for growth and development - integral to increased integration in the global economy - more than money and markets * promotes economic growth and enhances national wealth.<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence: Destiny * complex exploration of the role that fate plays in all our lives. * is an occurrence - overused word in sports - another synonym for karma - decided by each community's notion of the ideal man and woman for a certain age group - destiny - determined by past experiences, specially from childhood - happening - made by one s own endeavor, by one s own actions - sealed by the death of every individual - simply that which is to be experienced - the coincidence of the random with the inevitable - video games * unfolds itself through cycles. Gene mutation * Many gene mutations are spontaneous. * Some gene mutation causes cancer - family cancer syndromes * Some gene mutation increases thickness - wall thickness * are like discordant musical notes. * can also cause species divergence. * create new alleles. * is an occurrence * occur all the time, but at low rates - frequently during normal cell growth * raises risk of cancer from secondhand smoke.<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence: Genetic mutation * Many genetic mutations affect development and lead to birth defects and long term disability. * Most genetic mutation affects gamete quality - causes absence * Some genetic mutation affects excretion - sodium excretion * Some genetic mutation leads to death - speciation - plays major roles - mutations cause drug resistance to just one drug * alters phenotypes. * are a kind of genetic polymorphism - changes in the DNA code of organisms * can occur which can produce infertility. * change the primary DNA sequence , and mutations can happen in any cell. * helps protect newborns. * is an occurrence - change in the sequence of a DNA molecule - the basis of species diversity among beetles, or any other organism * leads to genetic diversification, and hence to phenotypic diversity. + Epigenetics: Genetics :: Cell biology :: Developmental biology * Genetic mutations change the primary DNA sequence, and mutations can happen in any cell. However, only mutations in cells involved in reproduction can affect the offspring. Gold rush * are films - migration * encourage immigration to the new world. * is an occurrence Nativity * Nativities are handcrafted in many diverse cultures, from South America to Africa to the Orient. - located in one of the poorest areas of Detroit and is rapidly becoming poorer * refers to place of origin of an individual.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### occurrence: Point mutation * affect individual genes, whereas chromosomal alterations affect many genes. * are particularly important for oral cancer development - single-base changes in a gene's DNA sequence * are the rarest form of mutation - result of the substitution of a single base * can have a significant impact on phenotype, as in the case of sickle-cell disease - result from errors in DNA replication or from environmental effects * change a nucleotide single base pair. * changes a single nucleotide and therefore changes a single specific codon. * involve substitution of one or a few bases through replication errors. * occur before and during DNA replication - when a single base pair of a gene is changed * result in the substitution of one amino acid for another. + Genetic engineering * Gene targeting is a different technique which uses recombination to change a gene. It can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce mutations. Point mutations change a nucleotide single base pair. Repeat * are sequences that appear two or more times in the target molecule. * is an occurrence - used in the military to fire another salvo of artillery<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence: Retardation * allows for concrete to be moved on barges or pumped a long distance without setting. * can vary from mild to very severe. * causes the mean chemical velocity to be slower than the groundwater velocity. - delays - one of the hardest issues for parents to deal with - stupidity * linked to environmental deprivation is called a. * major social, educational and health problem in America today. * occurs along the plane of an electric voltage applied across the liquid crystals. * serious disability that some people and families have to deal with. ### occurrence \| retardation: Growth retardation * common sign in children. * continues after birth as failure to thrive. * is evident in length, weight, and head circumference - present in some patients who have an early onset of disease<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence \| retardation: Mental retardation * affects each individual differently - families of every social and economic level - people in different ways * becomes evident as infants begin to miss their normal developmental milestones. * can affect any family - result from cerebral hemorrhage, as can spastic paralysis * causes permanent damage. * condition of sub-normal intellectual and social development. * contagious disease. * cuts across racial, ethnic and socio-economic lines - ethnic, educational, social and economic backgrounds * euphemism for low intelligence. * feature of many genetic syndromes. * has borders with many other diseases - many possible causes * involves global delays and generally affects all areas of functioning. * is associated with a variety of deprivations - the disorder - caused in hundreds of ways * is characterized by a complex set of behaviors with a myriad of manifestations - delayed pattern of development - chronic conditions * is common and often progressive - but normal intelligence occurs in some cases - common, as is hyperactivity, extreme nervousness, and poor attention span - developmental delays - exacerbated by infections * is found among all races and cultures - in persons of all ages, races, cultures and economic conditions - frequently present * is just one developmental disability - of any number of developmental disabilities - nonprogressive - one among a vast array of disabilities - synonymous with mental deficiency * is the common denominator - most common developmental disability * life-long problem with multiple causes and manifestations. * mental disability distinct from mental illness. * permanent condition. * ranges from mild to severe. * refers to a person's capability to think and reason - substantial limitations in present functioning * severe and chronic disability. * varies widely, from minimal to severe.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### occurrence: Setback * are a part of life, whether in the right to life movement or in personal lives - common in zoning - one of the main tools they have for keeping openness and privacy - zones along the coast which are at high risk of erosion * can drive a person to despair or they can energize growth and business success. * is an occurrence * team game which mixes luck and skill. Shimmer * are perturbation. * is an occurrence - long-term variability in amplitude<\|endoftext\|>### occurrence: Shrinkage * Most shrinkage occurs across the grain of wood. * Some shrinkage does occur during heating before forming. * can cause print through of fibres. * directly effects the income of all cattle producers. * is an occurrence - decrease - simply a reduction in the volume of concrete as it hardens * is the loss in volume of a clay as it is dried or fired - reduction in size of a clay object as a result of firing * main cause of cracking. * occurs as lumber dries - moisture is lost * physical loss of value and has a great influence on net return. * refers to the reduction in a lamb's total live body weight during shipping. * represents a loss in value - the difference between the physical inventory and the estimated inventory * varies for different products and fabrics. Windfall * Canadian search engine and directory. * are edible fruit. - the perfect word for autumn when there s a chill at night ### odd sport: American football * are footballs - sports * game which has evolved from rugby and soccer. * is an odd sport - unforgiving sport - static by comparison to union and league - the direct descendant of rugby	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Odor * Many odor reducing additives are under development. * Most odor affects flavor - odors consist of mixtures of odorant molecules * Sets the operating standards for non-agricultural uses which emit odors. * Some odor affects activities. * Some odor attracts beetles - bury beetles - disperse beetles - predators * Some odor is caused by digestion - secretion - odors can inhibit the cell * also leave a lasting scent-sation. * are detected through some fifty million olfactory receptor cells - difficult to measure - hard to explain away and are always noticed - manure products - molecules of chemicals from almost anything - often the first indication that harsh chemicals are present * are the only communication signals that are effective around corners - spice of life * attract bears, so avoid carrying or cooking odorous foods * can come from bacteria beneath the gum line - develop when the windrow is too large - have powerful influences - result from anaerobic conditions if too much moisture accumulates in the unit * carry better on moist air, and breath adds moisture. * come from the gas molecules - release of organic compounds during the fermentative decomposition of manure * coming from the stomach are almost never the cause of chronic bad breath. * compounds from any particular item are absorbed onto a thin, polymer film. * conjure up memories and stir emotions. * continue until the body eliminates the food. * elicit three different oscillations in the turtle olfactory bulb. * emanate from plant and leave a trail to the plant. * emitted by the rest of the body are of minor importance. * evoke complex and highly individual reactions. * have an amazing effect on our moods, because they hook into the primitive parts of our brains - both attractant and repellent qualities * influence the selection of food as much as the selection of a mate. * initially interact with receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. * is located in air - dirty laundries - sensory information * left by the colony can linger for a long time and attract other swarming bees - killed colony can linger for a long time and attract other swarming bees * naturally occur in sewage collection systems. * play an important role in agouti communication. * produced by skin microflora also play a part in inducing the mosquito to land. * reach into all our emotional lives, drawing from the deepest caves in our minds. * seem more various than pheromones. * signatures and kin recognition. * significantly improve the retrievability of labels and words. * tend to be stronger in high humidity and heat. * thresholds in passerines. * trigger the release to the brain certain chemicals known as neurochemicals. * waft up the nasal cavity to a patch of nerve cells above the eyes.<\|endoftext\|>### odor: Body odor * Most body odor is the result of bacterial breakdown of sweat. * comes from the apocrine glands which secrete nutrients upon which bacteria feed. * common problem, particularly in the summer months. * develops in the absence of bathing. * increases as the composition of sweat changes. * is an unpleasant or bad smell from the body - caused by bacteria that live in the sweat on the skin - what happens when sweat and other skin secretions are acted apon by occurring bacteria * occurs in the axilla due to microorganisms. + Axilla, Body odor: Body parts Foul odor * are a sign that there is too much water and anaerobic conditions exist. * prevent some homeowners from enjoying their yards and decks in warm weather. Human odor * gas that is carried through the air. * red flag to their sense of smell. Pleasant odor * are good omens, unpleasant ones predict anxieties. * have positive hedonic tones, and negative hedonic tones indicate unpleasant odors. Strong odor * Many strong odors are produced by sulfur compounds. * are the result of anaerobic conditions or ammonia formation. * can start a headache, too.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### odor: Unpleasant odor * linger long after the visible mess is cleaned up. * make some people nauseous, especially rotting flesh.<\|endoftext\|>### odorless liquid metal: Elemental mercury * Most elemental mercury is excreted unchanged in feces. * Some elemental mercury is used mainly in scientific instruments for precision measurements. * can evaporate at room temperature to form a vapor. * is an odorless liquid metal. * is an odorless, silvery liquid metal - silvery, mobile liquid - excreted mainly by the kidneys - less labile but produces a similar set of toxic manifestations - most hazardous when inhaled - one of the hazardous chemicals often found in laboratory sink and floor traps - oxidized upon ingestion to ionic mercury, most likely facilitated by catalase - volatile and exits to the atmosphere via the leaves * occurs naturally in coal. * shiny, silver-gray metal that liquid at room temperature. * travels hundreds of kilometres and contributes to the increasing atmospheric load. * volatile toxic heavy metal. Odour * attract bears. * can have a major impact on memory, learning, emotions, and thinking. * plays a particularly strong role in attracting male insects to the mimicking orchids. * tend to linger in an area on humid, windless days.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### offender: Abuser * Many abusers experience uncontrollable anger when they are hurt or afraid - first use mental or emotional tactics before they become physically abusive * Many abusers have a rigid, traditional view of sex roles and parenting - problems dealing with stress - hurt unborn children - never change, just as some alcoholics die alcoholics - truly believe their abusive behaviors have been caused by their partners - use violence to express the frustrations and hopelessness that come from depression * Most abusers are emotionally dependant people - relatives, friends, neighbors, or people that the child knows socially * Most abusers become more abusive with time - violent over time, and beatings tend to become more frequent and severe * Some abusers are able to take advantage of a child who is already isolated - harass or stalk their partners at their place of employment * Some abusers have access to children through work or outside volunteer services - problems with alcohol or drug abuse - show excess interest in children * also harm animals to punish their partners for leaving, or trying to - snort heroin to avoid problems with needles * are accountable to society for any violation of laws against spouse abuse - addicted to violence - controllers who seek to isolate and overpower their victims - generally unpleasant or angry people * are often a person the child respects as an authority source - married and have children of their own - survivors of abuse themselves - people who use alcohol to become intoxicated - rich, poor, educated, dropouts, professional, unemployed and people of all races - violent in all their relationships - wrongdoers * associate with other abusers. * believe they have the right to use abuse to control their victims. * can be homosexual or heterosexual - male, female and even children - use words, actions and emotions to get what they want * cause trauma. * come from all walks of life. * come in all shapes and sizes - many shapes and forms * is an offender - violent in all relationships * isolate victims from family, friends, and other support systems. * often abuse the children, whether it is 'only' verbally and emotionally, or physically - control what their partners do, whom they see and where they go - have superficial relationships with other people - lose their families and friends - maintain power and control over a victim through financial abuse - resort to stealing and selling drugs in order to fund their addictions - try to use alcohol or other drugs as an excuse for their violence * start out as teenagers. * tend to be angry people, with low self-ego strength - young and newly married * use alcohol and drugs as an excuse for violent behavior - force and threats to force to control and maintain power over others - power to isolate and cause the victim to be afraid of leaving - threats and violence to make sure they always get what they want - violence because it works to keep their loved ones under control ### offender \| abuser: Child abuser * Many child abusers have trouble dealing with other adults. * Most child abusers have no criminal record. * are persons usually known to the child. * come from all walks of life crossing economic and educational demographics. * do go to prison. * prey upon more than one million kids, worldwide, every year. * volunteer for ministries in which they can have access to children. Chronic abuser * Many chronic abusers quit school because marijuana reduces energy and ambition. * can become deaf. * display a typical pattern following physical abuse episodes. * experience tremors and uncontrollable shaking.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### offender \| abuser: Drug abuser * Many drug abusers drink alcohol to disguise their use of drugs - think the point of life is evasion of responsibility * Some drug abusers take adrenaline to enhance performance or for other effects. * are at greater risk of overdosing - five times more likely to file a workers' compensation claim - sixteen times more likely to be absent than non-abusers - tardy for work three times more often than non-abusers - willing to risk anything including their families * can at times become desperate people. * take Rohypnol with alcohol or marijuana to enhance intoxication. Inhalant abuser * Most inhalant abusers use inhalants with others as a group activity. * begin using in early to middle adolescence. * have very high relapse rates. * use many different methods to extract and ingest the desired ingredient. Assailant * are people * is an offender * seek to dominate, humiliate and punish their victims. * use sex as a weapon in order to degrade, humiliate, injure, and control their victims. * victimize people by exploiting their trust. Cheater * are an unfortunate reality in the world of online games. * are located in casinos - schools Deceiver * are books - wrongdoers * is an offender Delinquent * are also more likely to have convicted parents or delinquent older siblings * change their behavior when services are based on strengths and needs - build on their strengths and meet their needs * disproportionately come from lower class and low income families. Juvenile delinquent * commit crimes as a way to lash out at overly-strict parents. * is an offender Masochist * Some masochists require pain or humiliation in order to function sexually. * are people who enjoy pain, to many the enjoyment is of a sexual nature - have pain confused with pleasure * derive pleasure from pain or humiliation usually within a sexual context. * do exist. * is an offender * use to create entire web sites. Paedophile * are markedly different from other criminals - the most persistent of criminal offenders, to the extent of being habitual * can make the assertion that the pursuit of intimacy and love is what they choose. * have two characteristics. * often share child pornography via websites in complete isolation and anonymity - take advantage of an absence or lack in the child * seem to have some deep psychosis.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### offender: Pedophile * Many pedophiles attach child pornography to e-mails sent to children - believe that they like children - seek out mothers of single parent families for the purpose of victimizing children * Most pedophiles are hetero. * Most pedophiles have a particular gender and a particular age group that they are attracted to - and age group that they are attracted to - preferential age range in addition to a preference for gender * Some pedophiles even argue that child porn curbs their urges - exchange photographs of children they have known * are also very adept at locating troubled or withdrawn children - individuals whose sexual orientation is children - located in families - masters of manipulation, experts say - pack rats - producers, collectors and traders of child porn - prone to prey on innocent children - unable to resist the powerful urge to initiate sexual contact with children * can be pretty good at keeping up appearances - very determined and single minded in their efforts to stay close to children - use the Internet to exploit others by exchanging names and addresses of children * come from diverse racial, ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds - every profession, social and economic level of humanity * enter children's chat rooms looking for children to be preyed upon. * have sexual fantasies, sexual urges, or sexual behaviors involving children. * know that any confession they make is concealed. * look for children who seem new online. * look for kids that are lonely - who are having problems at home * often accumulate significant quantities of child pornography - cruise the Internet in search of lonely, rebellious or merely trusting youngsters - get a job in an elementary school - have a specific age of child they target - pose online as children and are very skillful at lures and tricks - pretend that they are children to gain the confidence of real children - rely on child pornography to win over their victims - stake out playgrounds, looking for children who appear unsupervised or vulnerable - use profiles as a means to find victims * prey on children via Internet. * primarily target elementary and middle school children. * roam over Bali. * sexually abuse children, cynic. * start early. * tend to be motivated by power, control, and hostility rather than by sexual desire - fantasize about loving, equal, consensual sexual relationships with children - go where there are children * use child pornography to lower the inhibitions of potential victims - the Internet to trade child pornography and to contact children - varying degrees of persuasion, coercion, and physical force in their sexual assaults Perpetrator * Many perpetrators inadvertently injure children when abusing their female partners. * are responsible for every act of violence that they commit - wrongdoers * have deviant sexual fantasies about their victims. * is an individual determined to have committed child abuse or neglect * refers to a person who commits an act of domestic violence. Pimp * Some pimps are husbands and friends, who offer protection and partnership. * actively seek and recruit very young girls to work the sexual marketplace. * are wrongdoers. * have two ways of holding on to women. * is an offender Sadist * Some sadists go to the extent of inserting outside objects in genitals of women. * are oafish, explosive, enraged people, while masochists are mere playmates. * is an offender * often seek out masochists as sexual partners. Sadomasochist * are extreme romantics. * live the life faster, than vanilla people. * often treasure leather, and find it propitious to celebrate their rituals in groups. * seek to legitimize and provide a premeditated structure for violence. * tend to alternate between the masochistic and sadistic roles.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### offender: Sinner * are blind to their spiritual slavery - justified from all their past sins in the way stated, and so become saints - like the ostrich and are earthbound * are located in churchs - confessions - the only people who can be saved * believe that they are forsaken. * die and go to hell. * live in darkness, but apostates sin in the light. * often respond negatively to virtue. * produce sinners. * react to sins in the same manner. * tend to get honest when desperate. Sodomite * have their unholy sexual unions blessed by members of the clergy. * is an offender ### offering: Tithe * are a fence for riches - first and foremost an affirmation of faith - levies - offering * is an offering ### office furniture: Filing cabinet * are located in offices. * is office furniture * serve well for storing science materials. ### office workers: Accounting clerk * Many accounting clerks are responsible for payroll and bills - payroll and invoice computations * are office workers. * perform duties necessary to process payroll on a computerized system. * prepare routine financial records according to established procedures. Bank teller * Most bank tellers work at bank branches * are office workers - the people who customers work with when conducting business at the bank * assist customers. * hold an entry-level position in the financial industry. * interact with the majority of bank customers. Computer operator * control and operate computers used in business, science and engineering. * work with and around other people in well-lighted, comfortable surroundings. ### often asymptomatic: Carotid disease * is often asymptomatic - only one of several types of hardening of the arteries * refers to asymptomatic or symptomatic narrowing of the carotid artery.<\|endoftext\|>### often carnivorous: Larger specie * Most larger species feed on fish or squids and other cephalopods. * Some larger species are known to feed on small rodents, frogs, and toads - more often nocturnal * are often carnivorous - popular in aquaculture and prized as a food source in many countries - restricted to the sub-antarctic islands and the Antarctic Peninsula * can eat small vertebrates. * feed on the reefs, making oyster rocks prime fishing grounds. * glide along by muscular waves, usually over mucous beds secreted by special cells. * rely on frogs, toads, and salamanders. * take longer to hatch and to grow. * tend to be diurnal, or mostly active during the day. * tend to have greater numbers of secondaries - higher survival rates - more feathers than smaller species - oviposit in living branches or trunks + Hylidae, Characteristics: Frogs * These hylids are arboreal species. Non-aboreal species do not have any of these advantages. The 'Cyclorana' species are burrowing frogs. They spend most of their time underground. Hylids will eat on insects and other invertebrates. Larger species can eat small vertebrates.<\|endoftext\|>### often curable disease: Anal cancer * appear to be on the increase. * bears some resemblance to cervical cancer in women. * can cause red patches on the anus. * is an often curable disease - diseases - often mistaken for hemorrhoids, doctors say - typically a squamous cell carcinoma that arises near the squamocolumnar area * occur most frequently in individuals with a history of chronic anal irritation. * ' type of cancer in the anus. It is caused by colorectal cancer. The etiology, risk factors, clinical progression, staging, and treatment are all different. Anal cancer is typically a squamous cell carcinoma that arises near the squamocolumnar area. Other types of anal carcinoma are adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma or melanoma.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### often electronic: Modern clock * All modern clocks use oscillation. * are often electronic. + Inventor: Occupations * Many inventors make small changes to old inventions. For example, people have invented new ways to make clocks over history. Early clocks were sundials, later clocks used water. Later still, clocks used falling weights with escapements, devices like pendulums to stop the weight falling too fast. Modern clocks are often electronic. ### often fatal: Fulminant hepatitis * can requires liver transplantation. * is often fatal - rare ### often fried food: Southern cooking * is often fried food. * means seafood, too. Often irecological damage * Ecological damage is often irreversible. * Some ecological damage is caused by rabbits. ### often modified post-translationally: Eukaryotic protein * are often modified post-translationally. * exhibit differences in cell localization and polarity. ### often plant pathogens: Terrestrial form * Some terrestrial forms are very elongate, and appear more ribbon-like than oval. * are often plant pathogens. * excrete nitrogen as uric acid , as do birds. * live in burrows - moist soil and damp areas * move around by crawling and tend to be found in cool, moist places. * rely on diffusion through tiny tubes called trachea. ### often present: Lung tumor * Most lung tumors require treatments. * is often present - sometimes present<\|endoftext\|>### often quite high: Osmotic pressure * are often quite high. * draws interstitial fluid from blood in arterioles, but replaces it in venules. * is created by presence of salts and plasma proteins in blood - determined by plasma protein concentration - greater for smaller molecules and increases as concentration increases - particularly important in biological systems - pressure * is the pressure exerted by salts and proteins dissolved in bodily fluids - needed to stop osmosis * kind of pump for plants, helping water to move across cell walls. * property particular to the solution and is independent of the membrane. * pushes the organic nutrients through the phloem and throughout the tree. * rises with an increase in concentration of the solution. ### often social workers: Case manager * Case Managers play a pivotal role in health and social services effectiveness and outcomes. * Most case managers are professionals that have a background in either social work or nursing. * are often social workers. ### oil well: Stripper * All strippers contain chemicals that are harmful to people. * Many strippers contain wax. * Some strippers contain wax and other chemicals which can interfere with the finish - waxes to retard evaporation * are bimbos - compounds - dancers - located in strip clubs - performers * is an oil well Stripper well * are economically marginal oil and gas wells that produce at relatively low rates - oil wells * is an oil well ### olympic sport: Synchronized swimming * are sports. * can also be very competitive. * fun combination of swimming, dancing, and gymnastics. * is an Olympic sport - four days a week - very theraputic * is very, very hard. * sport that is practiced in the water. Also, it requires a good capacity of location in three dimensions in the water while the athletes are performing	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Omega * are buildings - endings - letters - located in japans * biased graph. * compounds Reduce oxygen radical oxidation of chromosomes and damage to other tissues. * help health. * is currently the world's most powerful laser - divided into systems and tools - experimental software - found in flax seeds, hemp seed oil, and in an herb, purslane, which is an oil - in many senses a cabalistic number * is the average density of mass in the entire universe - last letter in the Greek alphabet - long of omicron, or omicron is the short of omega - rotation rate of an object in radians per second - ultimate knowledge, fateful knowledge * non-profit organization engaged in a variety of activities.<\|endoftext\|>### omni present: Wild pig * Most wild pigs compete for food - enter pens - have straight tails * Most wild pigs live in grassland - near fields - reach weight * Some wild pigs eat snakes - have large tusks, overgrown teeth used for fighting and digging for food - remain in shades * are a cinch to catch - fast runners and good swimmers - intelligent animals and readily adapt to changing conditions - opportunistic omnivores * can cause a variety of damage - simply lie down and sleep, usually on their sides * cause damage. * destroy cassowary nests and feed on their eggs. * eat a variety of plants and animals and feed by rooting with their broad snouts. * have a high reproductive potential, often producing two litters per year * is omni present. * live in a group of females and their offspring with males joining the group to mate - mainly in open woodlands, especially where there are wallows * make mud pools that make erosion and attract malaria bearing flies that make birds dead. * play an important role in managing ecosystems and maintaining biodiversity. * possess the biological characteristics to adapt to nearly any habitat. * represent either a pest or an important source of dietary protein for most humans. * show a similar type of disease to domestic pigs. * vary greatly in size and weight. ### omnivores: Fire skink * Most fire skinks live over years. * are omnivores.<\|endoftext\|>### omnivorous, opportunistic feeders: Wild hog * All wild hogs have an excellent sense of smell and good hearing, but relatively poor vision. * Most wild hogs have senses. * Some wild hogs feed on seeds - tree seeds - prey on fawns * are omnivorous, opportunistic feeders - strong and fierce and live in forests and jungles in many parts of the world * carry many deseases that can be transmitted to cattle and humans. * come in rampaging bands of black, reddish brown, white and spotted black and white - into contact * consume plants. * forage in fields. * occur in a variety of colors. * use grunts. ### oncologists: Surgical oncologist * are oncologists - surgeons * follow patients for any evidence of local, regional or distant recurrence. * specialize in performing operations to remove cancer. * try to surgically remove tumors. ### one-stop electronic library: Bistro * is the French term for small restaurant that serves wine. * one-stop electronic library.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Ontology * Most ontologies represent and support relationships among classes of meaning. * ' house within philosophy's major branch metaphysics, which is theory of reality. Ontology establishes categories. * Ontologies are arrangements - formal data structures used to define terminology - potentially reusable pieces of domain knowledge - establish a joint terminology between members of a community of interest * Ontologies provide an important resource to integrate information - specification of concepts in domain - support in integrating heterogeneous and distributed information sources - seek to create and share terminology and meaning within a group or organization * can also be a classification that the information in an information source is based on. * concerns the significant factors in global political economy. * covers the design and implementation of ontologies in bioinformatics. * deals with such notions as time, space, substance, thing, motion, and change. * emerges from epistemology when organisms evolve sufficiently to conceptualize. * fancy word for the science of being. * fundamental interpretation of the ultimate constituents of the world of experience. * general study of substance. * has to do with the nature of our substance, our being, as persons. * is accused of dealing with the merely abstract - cultural - defined in various ways by different people * is the branch of metaphysics that examines the nature of reality - philosophy that addresses the question of being - field of metaphysics about what exists - newest label to be attached to some knowledge organization systems - philosophical study of what can be considered real * is the study of being and, in particular, the investigation of the nature of being human - essence, and economy is the study of function - existence * is the study of the kinds of things that exist - philosophy of being - theory of being * learning greatly facilitates the construction of ontologies. * means world view. * plays an important role in knowledge sharing and reuse. * refers to existence and to being - that branch of metaphysics dealing with the nature of existence * studies the laws of dependence among different levels. * word adopted by researchers in artificial intelligence and knowledge representation.<\|endoftext\|>### ontology: Gene ontology * puts the data into groups based on genes. + Protein Data Bank: Chemistry :: Proteins * Many scientists have to send their information to the database. The PDB has the original or primary data. Hundreds of other databases reuse the data. These secondary databases organize the information in different ways. For example, both SCOP and CATH put structures into groups organized by type of structure and ideas about how they are related through evolution. Gene ontology puts the data into groups based on genes. ### oogamous: True plant * All true plants are oogamous - form a phragmoplast during cell division - have an alternation of heteromorphic generations * have a phragmoplast and the nuclear envelope disappears. Opaque object * absorb and reflect light - or reflect the light * are primitives similar to enumeration literals in a programming language. Open access * cooperative program designed to link people with resources. * is about a consumer's freedom to choose the broadband provider of their choice. * means freedom of choice for all types of information and entertainment services. Open adoption * allows birthparents and adoptive parents to get to know each other - both sets of parents to know about each other * is seen as a model built on candor, commitment, community, and cooperation - the adoption of the future * means some level of contact between the birth and adoptive parents. Operand * are identifiers, literals, or types - quantities + Opcode: Computer science * Operands are typically memory or registry addresses.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Operator * Most operators are mathematical, i.e. they only work on number variables. * are a feature of many programming and scripting languages - businessmans - located in subways - mapping - matrices, acting on such vectors - office workers - signal generators that can modulate each other in various configurations - speculators * are the set of atomic-level operations with which a user composes a solution to a goal - simplest functional units in programming language - things in a regular expression that match one or more characters * is any person or entity who operates a pollution control facility.<\|endoftext\|>### operator: Boolean operator * allow for combinations of fields. * are logical functions that describe a relationship between two lists of items - search commands that help to combine search terms and concepts - words like or and and * define relationships among terms in a search and specify how terms are combined. * explain the logical relationship between several fields. * help define the relationships between words or groups of words. * perform logical connective and negation operations. Logical operator * connect formulas. * define the logical relationships among the terms being searched. * describe relationships among terms. * show logical relationships between keywords. Operators operator * Operators Operators are one of the two types of verbs used in programming languages. * Operators Operators are the most basic of functions in a programming language - symbols in an expression that manipulate the data Radio operator * are operators. * is an operator Streetcar operator * are similar to subway train operators. * drive electric-powered streetcars or trolleys that transport passengers Operon * are regulators of structural gene function. * can also be repressible operons. * includes atoms - base pairs * includes chemical chain - groups - operator genes - regulator genes ### opportunity cost: Cost of capital * does have some correlation to size, success in the marketplace, margins, etc. * is opportunity cost Optical property * Optical properties are functions of tissue damage, as determined by previous measurements - sensitive to chemical composition and surface morphology - the way a mineral looks and what light does when it shines on it * Optical properties vary greatly with composition ### optimistic movement: Animal liberation * are books. * is an optimistic movement - human liberation - the end of animal use and abuse for human ends<\|endoftext\|>Option * add additional cost * affect everyday life * are contracts - derivatives - magazines * depend on types. * enable users. * have advantage - choices - effects - issues * have own advantage - unique issues - upside * help business. * include career paths - customs - meals - technology - variation * involve radiation therapy * lead to production - sustainable production * relate to safety. * require analyses. * show results. * use different techniques * are left, right, both, or none ### option: Call option * are concerned with the upward movement of a stocks price - options - stock options * is an option	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### oral antiviral agent: Ribavirin * also has the capability to alter the virus structure at the genetic level. * appears to be effective when given in the early stages of illness. * can also cause fatigue, pruritus, rash, and nasal stuffiness - uncomfortable side effects - produce significant side effects, including severe hemolytic anemia - cause severe birth defects * capsule which is taken twice a day. * causes anemia. * comes in pill form. * has few side effects, but is prohibitively expensive for all but the most serious cases - fewer side effects than alpha-interferon * increases the effectiveness of interferon therapy by up to tenfold. * inhibits West Nile virus replication and cytopathic effect in neural cells. * is absorbed systemically from the respiratory tract following nasal and oral inhalation - also teratogenic and is contraindicated in renal failure * is an oral antiviral agent - drug that has activity against several viruses - drug that has been effective against a range of viruses - associated with a hemolytic anemia - available for oral administration - excreted principally in urine - given in a hospital - increased as well at first - one of several drugs on the market that can cause serious birth defects * is taken by mouth twice per day - orally - twice a day by mouth - terribly teratogenic, that is it causes birth defects - used only in the high risk population or in cases of serious illness * is used to treat virus infection and is taken by mouth - infections * medication taken by mouth once a day - that inhibits viral activity * medicine that fights certain viruses. * new class of anti-viral drugs called nucleoside analogues. * nucleoside analogue antiviral drug that is active against a number of viral diseases - that inhibits the replication of many different viruses * pill taken twice a day. * potential human teratogen. * synthetic guanosine analogue. * synthetic nucleoside analog with broad-spectrum antiviral activity - with antiviral activity ### oral specialists: Speech pathologist * Many speech pathologists work in schools, rehabilitation centers, and nursing homes. * are oral specialists. * assess and treat persons with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders. * identify, assess, and treat persons with speech disorders. * work to improve the production of speech sounds, voice quality and fluency - with people to facilitate their communication skills ### order: Alphabetical order * has rules so that the lexicographer and the end user can find words. * is the rule of the day. * type of seriation.<\|endoftext\|>### order: Birth order * aspect of family composition that has been given particular attention. * can affect an individual's personality development. * determines which beasts replace dead beasts. * has no genetic basis. * is also a factor which contributes to personality - another attempt to gain insight into the complex behavior of human beings - one factor, an important factor, in determining the nature of a marriage - only one of a multitude of things that affect personality - the birth order of all live births to the mother Genetic code * evolves spontaneously to permit biological viruses to evade our immune system. * is order	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order: Genome * Every genome study in the history of genetic composition. * Some genomes have more functionality than others - replicate as circular structures while others are linear * are body parts - complete sets of chromosomes, which in turn contain an organism's genes - genetic information - in a constant state of flux - ordering - very much like water - they are fluid - virtually identical in all cells, and cells contain multiple sets of genomes * are, still, quite similar in the cells of the two animals. * can contain huge amounts of data, up to billions of pieces of information. * evolve a balance between fidelity of replication, and exploration of new opportunities. * harbor subtleties of sequence. * have bizarre properties. * probably hold answers to some of life's fundamental mysteries. * vary in size. ### order \| genome: Eukaryotic genome * are much more complex than prokaryotic genomes. * consist of a. a single circular chromosome. * have numerous nucleosomes. Good order * is the foundation of all good things. * sign that a community is working to achieve the goals it has set for itself. Indent * are order. * is order Market order * Is an order for which no price has been specified at order entry. * are the most simple form of buy or sell orders. * is order. Rule of law * Rules of law are order. - where everyone obeys and is judged by the same set of rules * major cornerstone for the survival and success of every society. * process in a democratic institution, and there duty to honor process.<\|endoftext\|>### order: Series * are connections - contests - groups - periodicals - polynomial - serieses - time serieses * resistances all experience the same current and divide the source voltage among themselves. + Metal Max: 1991 video games :: Nintendo Entertainment System games :: Roleplaying video games :: Science fiction :: Video game series * First game of series was release in 1991 in Nintendo Entertainment System. Due to treadmark problemsr, series has a sub-series 'Metal Saga'. Series is famous in high freedom and unusual game world.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series: Chain * All chains are cleavage products of one primary gene product - grow antiparallel to template * Every chain is called a molecule. * Some chain carbohydrates find in food - many common food - chains use lard, beef tallow, or coconut oil to fry potatoes, onion rings, or tortillas * appear from nowhere and impale a man's skin, causing some blood to flow. * are a powerful means of ordering tasks that depend on one another - fine sterling made in Italy - links of body parts, such as foot, ankle, knee, and hip during walking - strong in tension, but have no strength in compression * come in various sizes and metals. * connect to O-Rings. * has links. * is business - effected more by acid than alkali - ligaments * is located in bicycles - dungeons - garages - hardware stores - jewelry stores - motorbikes - sheds - necklaces * is part of bicycles - molecules - plated in gun metal - restraint - solid metal - units * is used for chain - decoration - marking boundaries - security - snow tires * link single wheel carriers are used on rolling gates. * saws cause deep, ragged wounds that heal poorly. * stitch A single stitch used in knitting and crocheting. * terminate if the distance to the next residue is too long to form a petide bond. * vary in branching. ### order \| series \| chain: Carbon chain * Some carbon chains are long. * is produced in liver by removal of the amino group. Catena * e are comments extracted from ecclesiastical writers. * is chain Curb chain * are the chains which are attached to a bit. * consists of a series of twisted links. Heavy chain * are fish of cool environs and deep structure. * has one V region and three or more C-regions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| chain: Hotel chain * Many hotel chains have more than one hotel in major destinations - see broadband access as a way to gain a competitive edge * Most hotel chains have no room number thirteen and many skyscrapers are without a thirteenth floor. * Some hotel chains offer savings for families. Key chain * allow a rotating series of keys to be used to decrease the likelihood of compromise. * is located in department stores - drugstores - hardware stores - purses - smalls * is used for decoration Light chain * exist in two classes, lambda and kappa. * is at the neck region of myosin, and often is used as a regulatory domain. Polypeptide chain * fold to form an active site where the substrate is bound. * folds to native protein under physiological conditions. * form a triple helix molecule. Restaurant chain * Some restaurant chains require managers to move in order to be promoted - use semi-solid oils * is chain. Single chain * polysilicates comprise part of the subclass inosilicates. * share two basal oxygen while the double chain shares three. Supermarket chain * Most supermarket chains recognize the importance of proper merchandising of kosher foods. * can recycle plastic bags on a cost-effective scale. Supply chain * are an integral part of electronic commerce - indeed where Internet technology stands to deliver the greatest financial returns * exist in manufacturing industries, in service industries, and in the home.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series: Hierarchy * divides society into the powerful and powerless. * framework that the vine of trust grows on. * is about attaching relative values to symptoms - an unmistakable feature of Javanese society - based more on the quality of one's ideas than on institutional rank * is based on age and size but also on alliances and friendships - merit, selflessness and vigour in the service of Spain - evident in all of nature - found in nature - one of the central structural schemes that the architect of complexity uses * is the oly hope in a crisis - political theme of the society of brute force - when one person is seen as being more important than another person * logical way to present information - it is very easy to understand and comprehend. * means holy government and sacred order - that some people are officially in positions of power over others * system in which items are ranked above or below each other. * technique used in a network to gain the benefits from high capacity channels. * traditional way of organizing people into groups. * vertical system of management and subordination. * very religious concept. + Anarcho-capitalism: Political movements * Most libertarians think that there needs to be a government in order to protect people's property, which makes anarcho-capitalists different, even though they are still a kind of libertarian. On the other hand, most anarchists don't agree with anarcho-capitalism because they think that it's bad to use force to stop someone from using someone else's property. A lot of anarchists don't even think that anarcho-capitalism counts as a real kind of anarchism. That is because most anarchists aren't just against the government, but the whole idea of hierarchy. Hierarchy is when one person is seen as being more important than another person. They say that capitalism creates hierarchies because some people have more money than others. ### order \| series \| hierarchy: Dominance hierarchy * Dominance hierarchies are common in social animals - observed in both sexes - avoid violence for the most part, but the threat of violence is ever present - reduce the number of hopeful reproductives in polygynous queenless ants * is important among bulls in rut, and among cows with calves.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| hierarchy: Etymology * Etymologies trace the origin or derivation of headwords. * is hierarchy - history - science - simply the true meaning, origin, or history of a word - straightforward speech * is the study of the historical development of words, part of historical linguistics - history of words - origins of words - where words come from * is the study of word histories ### order \| series \| hierarchy \| etymology: Folk etymology * Folk etymologies occur in many Romance languages as well as in English. * is an attempt to make sense out of the apparently senseless - etymology - the study of fanciful but erroneous tales of the origins of words Object hierarchy * Object hierarchies can also incarnate the concept of multiple levels of abstraction. * is implemented by allowing some types of nodes to contain other nodes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| hierarchy: Taxonomy * Describe the catalogue of diversity. * Taxonomies are an important part of the contemporary knowledge management and search services scene - mitigate against the complexities of representation in information retrieval - show there hierarchical relationship by inference - transform an abstract, unfamiliar concept into a concrete, well-defined idea * also involves naming organisms. * categorization method. * comes from the mycobiont. * fundamental discipline in the science of biodiversity. * hierarchical system for classifying and identifying organisms. * highlights our biological history. * involves the classification of living things. * is about the groups that different kinds of living organisms fall into - all about identification and recognition - also necessary for the modern science * is an attempt to categorize plant genetic relationships - inexact science, there is debate over how to divide living organisms into species - at the same time the most basic and the most derived or synthetic field of biology - based on a variety of characteristics in the appearance of the wall - categorizations - concerned with nomenclature, the assignment of names to organisms - essentially the recognition of different organism and their separation into groups - one of the three branches of Systematics - probably the oldest science - plants classified as poisonous vs. edible - simply the name for the practice of classifying organisms * is the basis of the organization of material culture remains - biological discipline of identifying and classifying organisms * is the branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying organisms - with naming and classifying the diverse forms of life - that names and classifies all living things - classification of organisms - division of biology concerned with the classification and naming of organisms - naming of biological groups * is the organization of a particular set of information for a particular purpose - different organisms to show their relationships * is the practice of classifying and naming living organisms - biodiversity, and it has a long and venerable history - rules used to classify and the groups of objects generated * is the science of classification of birds and other animals and plants - classifying, naming, and describing organisms - describing, naming, and classifying organisms - grouping or organizing things - identifying, naming, organizing, and classifying organisms * is the science of naming and classifying organisms - classifying the diversity of organisms * is the science of the classification of both plants and animals * is the scientific art of classifying living things - study of how living things are classified * is the study of classification and comes from the Greek word taxos meaning order - classifying organisms into groups based on structure and function - naming and classifying animals - theoretical classification - theory and practice of classifying organisms - way that scientists name animals * means giving names to things. * plays an important role in land use and development. * provides a vivid picture of the existing organic diversity of the earth - much of the information permitting a reconstruction of the phylogeny of life * refers to forming groups - the assignment of scientific names to groups of organisms * represents concepts where axioms are established rules and principles for the concepts. * shows biological relationships among species. * system for classifying living things on our planet - used to make things easier for biologists * thus provides a common language for all scientists working in the discipline of biology. ### order \| series \| hierarchy \| taxonomy: Modern taxonomy * Modern taxonomies rank the group as a phylum or subphylum. * has to integrate genetics and ecology.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series: Nexus * Latin term and means a link or connection with the taxing state. * are serieses. * connection that subjects a business to taxes. * is also a crossroads, a place where cultures and areas of practice come together - created when a company has a physical presence in a state through property or employees * measure of the extent of business contact that the taxpayer has established in the state. * non-profit organization that presents the best in contemporary art. * role playing game. Progression * allows the body to better adapt to stress from exercising. * is serieses. ### order \| series \| progression: Tumor progression * involves successful rounds of mutation and natural selection. * is the incremental development of increasingly malignant stated by a tumor.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series: Rash * Apply vitamin E oil, cod liver oil, or aloe vera gel to the rash as often as needed. * Most rashes occur within the first three weeks of treatment. * Some rashes do better in disposable diapers. * are also common at time of onset - characterization * are common and include toxic erythema, erythema nodosum, and erythema multiforme - with enteroviral infections - eruptions - extremely difficult to diagnose without a doctor's examination - frequent and common, especially on the forearms, thighs, and neck - indications of skin disease - injuries * are most common in newborns, infants, and children - on the buttocks, abdomen, and lower extremities - much easier to prevent than to cure - quite common, as are mild blood dyscrasias, such as mild leukopenias - skin diseases * associated with pregnancy often go away after delivery and have no long-term effects. * become purple and then rust colored over the course of a day, and fade after several weeks. * begins on face and spreads over body. * break out on the day the fever starts. * can appear as the chancre is fading or can be delayed for weeks - come in many forms, including red, itchy patches, hives or even blisters - have several causes besides leaking from stomach - mean allergies - occur over a small part of the body and spread - range from mild to severe * have many visible signs including pimples, lumps, bumps and blisters. * occur anywhere on the body. * occur in arious places on the body - infants of all ages, from newborns to toddlers * occurs more frequently in children than adults. * often appear as red, raised bumps on the skin. * starts on neck, forehead and cheeks and moves to body. * vary in size, shape, and color, but often look like a red ring with a clear center. ### order \| series \| rash: Allergic rash * are the most common, especially to the penicillins and sulfa based antibiotics. * look very much like poison oak. Drug rash * Most drug rashes are allergic reactions to medications. * are the body's reaction to a certain medication. Morbilliform rash * Most morbilliform rashes resolve with some degree of superficial skin desquamation. * is frequently related to antimicrobial therapy.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series: Sequence * are films - functions defined on natural numbers, and predicates are truth-valued functions - part of movies - repeats * checking procedures in most programming languages compare numeric characters. * dancing in general is much older than modern ballroom dances. * is composed of integers - simply the order in which things are accomplished - used to explain change, influence, or phases * model of Back Insertion Sequence * refers to the string of DNA that specifies the order of amino acids defining a protein. + Sequence dance: Dance types * Sequence dancing in general is much older than modern ballroom dances. 12th to 19th centuries'. Dance Books, London. With the exception of the waltz,Both modern forms of the waltz, the Viennese waltz and the English or Slow waltz, are developments of the the original waltz. The quadrille was one example, the minuet another. * There are two kinds of sequences. One kind is finite sequences, which have an end. Sequences can also be infinite, which means they keep going and never end. An example of a sequence that is infinite is the sequence of all even numbers, bigger than 0. ### order \| series \| sequence: Codon * All codons are of equal length. * All codons specify an amino acid - more than one amino acid * are bells - continuous because one codon follows right after another - in uppercase letters, anticodons of corresponding tRNAs in lowercase letters - only significant at the level of transcription - sets of three adjacent nucleotides which code for an amino acid	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| sequence: Gene * All genes also have specific stretches of DNA that regulate expression of that gene. * All genes are codes tellling the body how to make important chemicals called proteins - essential for cell viability and encode proteins that form a complex in vivo - present in cells but some are turned off - assort independently - eventually coalesce into a single common ancestor - have the potential to come in lots of mutant flavors - lots of alleles - interact - mutate over time, which can be beneficial, harmful or meaningless - possess regions that code for a product such as an enzyme - show evidence of movement, each gene moving in a distinct pattern - work in the context of environment and behavior * Any gene can mutate at any time - consisting only of viruses dies - encoding a protein that influences alcohol action becomes a candidate gene for alcoholism * Be able to define what a gene is. * Every gene comes in pairs, one inherited from each parent - has multiple alleles * Every gene is encoded to express, or produce, a protein - responsible for producing a particular type of protein - produces a unique protein that serves a specific function in a cell - remains under the control of the organism s intricately balanced regulatory system * Many genes acting together can produce the obese state or be a major factor in the production of it - affect the trait as a variety of environmental influences - apparently control the inheritance of the white-red color complex * Many genes are activated and inactivated resulting in a specialized blood cell - active in only certain cells, and for only certain periods of time - redundant, since knocking out some genes result in no obvious phenotype - very similar from the lowest to the highest eukaryotic animals - belong to multigene families - can influence a complex trait * Many genes come in a number of variant forms, known as alleles - different versions, called alleles - control resin production - exist as several alternative alleles * Many genes have a single transcript, but some have several different transcripts - more than one effect * Many genes have more than two alleles, which mean more than two alternative forms of the same genes - multiple alleles that exist within a population - several variant forms, which are called alleles - identified so far have no known function and appear unique to humans * Many genes influence an animal's performance - silencing in yeast - the actions of other, seemingly unrelated genes - interact with each other and with other biological and environmental factors - potentially involved in renal carcinogenesis still remain unknown - put together are called an allele - show sequence conservation during evolution * More genes assort independently than there are chromosomes. * Most genes are actually identifiable within families - encoded on the same DNA strand and the standard genetic code is used - evolved from ancestors - located in ducks - pleiotropic - can do little until spurred on by other substances - carry information which is necessary to synthesize a protein - come from animals - comes in families which share structural similarities * Most genes consist of regulatory and coding sequences - several thousand base pairs - depend to some degree upon their environment for their expression * Most genes encode information for the synthesis of a protein b - the instructions for producing a protein - exist in different versions or alleles * Most genes have a number of synonyms - very low rate of mutation - more than one allele, but any individual willhave no more than two - occupy a specific place on a certain chromosome * Most genes occur as alleles, which give rise to differences in phenotype * Some genes act like punctuation in a sentence to mark the beginning and end of a sequence. * Some genes affect behavior by even more indirect routes - both - more than one feature in the phenotype - alter the extracellular environment - are dominant and others are recessive * Some genes are dominant, and some are recessive - while others are recessive - incompletely penetrant * Some genes are located in animals - cats - jellyfish - mammals - mice - vertebrates - worms - on the X chromosome * Some genes are neither dominant nor recessive and the heterozygote third phenotype * Some genes are part of autosomes - exons - introns - nuclei - subject to a relatively high rate of new mutation - too large for a single virus to carry * Some genes can convert other genes to their own DNA sequence - jump around between different places in the chromosomes * Some genes contain information to specify particular enzymes - instructions for controlling when our cells grow, divide into new cells, and die * Some genes control the body's manufacture of a particular enzyme - way cells react to injury, such as damage from stress - derive from spiders - determine the colour of our eyes, for example, and the shape of our nose * Some genes have a negative effect on the progress of the cell cycle - effect, while others have a positive effect - alternate transcripts, which appear stacked on top of each other - both regulatory and structural functions - control regions on the chromosome - lead to disease * Some genes make mice - rabbits - only express a given phenotype in certain environmental conditions - play a role in early development of the embryo and are then shut down forever * Some genes produce more than one polypeptide - noticeable traits, like hair or eye color - require additional termination proteins - respond to additional regulatory elements as well as to promoters and enhancers - specify traits such as hair color - suppress tumor formation - turn into pets - work in concert with other genes * act through development to create morphological structures. * activate or inhibit other genes by binding to their regulatory sequences. * affect alcohol metabolism as well as pleasure thresholds - cultural evolution via psychological predispositions on cultural learning - growth, development, and appearance - how the body is going to relate to the environment - susceptibility and resistance to inflammatory and infectious diseases - the traits of offspring * affecting sweetness are recessive. * allow the environment to influence the development of phenotypes - variety to arise by mutation, and be passed on as distinct traits * also account for half the variation in the response to physical training - can affect our response to foods - carry the directions for blood clotting - contain the information needed to make a specific protein - control the production of other proteins produced by living organisms * also determine features like eye color, height, and hair color - the number of fat cells a person has - hold information that causes diseases - influence the attraction to caffeine, at least among women - interact with the environment to influence an individual's susceptibility to alcohol * always come in pairs. * appear on chromosomes which can be conceived as strings of genes. * are a form of information stored in a molecule called DNA, within the nucleus of the cell - major factor in how much an adolescent grows - part of the chromosomes that reside in the nucleus of body cells - set of instructions for a characteristic - able to carry information for the formation of organic chemicals - also divided into structural and regulatory types - an organism's chemical code book - another essential factor, which greatly affect an individual * are areas on the chromosomes with specific function - chromosomeswith specific function - arranged linearly along long chains of DNA sequence, called chromosomes - basically proteins that tell the body how much to grow in certain areas - bits of information encoded on a stretch of DNA of a chromosome - blue prints composed of thousands of genetic codes * are blueprints for making proteins - proteins, which are central to all life-processes - the construction of proteins - both identical in both type and amount in the cells of an organism, and species - but one of many crucial components of the process - capable of prodigious feats of fecundity and fidelity - carried from parents to offspring on chromosomes - chemical that can function as individual units - chromosomes and are composed of alleles - close to immortal * are codes of heredity stored in the DNA of almost every cell in the body - or blueprints used by the body to make essential proteins - compact in genomic space - completely transportable * are complex and work together to perform certain biological functions - perform certain functions - components in a system that organizes the organism to experience the world * are composed of DNA base pairs, which work through coding for the production of proteins - that makes up the chromosomes of cells - considered responsible for the development of behavioural characteristics - copied each time a cell divides into two new cells - destiny - difficult to identify because they are hidden amongst only five per cent of the genome - discrete units of information that tell cells what to do - each of the factors controlling heredity, located on a chromosome - either dominant or recessive - equally important with respect to the old question of homology * are essentially chemical recipes for all the parts of the human body - switches that are turned on and off by big blocks of tens or hundreds - expressed or silenced, depending on famine or fortune - found in the form of DNA in chromosomes inside the nucleus of animal cells * are found on chromosomes - long strands of DNA called chromosomes - founds on structures in the cells of our body called chromosomes - full of half-suppressed mutinies, selfish chromosomes - fundamental to describing how chromosomes work - highly amenable to regulation - immutable - in pairs and when one of the pair is defective, the other often makes up for it * are individual instructions that determine traits like eye and hair color - sections of the DNA chain - instructions, or blueprints, that tell our bodies to grow and develop * are just molecules and early embryos are microscopic balls of cells - one of a constellation of factors that lead to the development of anxiety - largely responsible for the initial wiring up of the brain - less obtrusive than diprotodons, but clearly they control it all * are like a computer code that spells out the program of life for each individual - blueprints that direct the development and function of every cell in a person's body - lined on the chromosome like beads on a string - linked when they are on the same chromosome - localized in the chromatin granules that are visible under a light microscope * are located along the length of each chromosome * are located on chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell - long strands of DNA, organized in cells as chromosomes - made from a long molecule called DNA, which is copied and inherited across generations * are made of DNA , which is divided into separate pieces called chromosomes - a chemical called DNA, which is short for 'deoxyribonucleic acid' * are made up of DNA molecules, which are the building blocks of heredity - DNA, which codes for traits - markers in cells associated with hereditary traits - molecular programs that control all life processes * are molecules that all living things carry in their cells - contain the instructions for cells to work correctly * are more important in causing some conditions than in others - than just simple commands for making single proteins - nature's blueprints for every living thing - nuts - of different sizes * are on chromosomes, and can come in alternate forms, called alleles * are only one aspect of genealogy - component of a very complex set of factors that determine behavioural traits - operational units that occupy physical locations within DNA molecules - organic matter * are our bodies' instructions on how to develop and how to function - body s instructions on how to develop and function - packaged in bundles called chromosomes - packets of DNA that are inherited by children from their parents in distinct chunks * are part of chromosomes and code for protein production in all animals - the chromosomes and coded for on the DNA strands - particles that get inherited * are parts of DNA molecules - the chromosome that encode individual protein molecules * are passed from parent to offspring - on from parents to child when the sperm and egg unite during conception - vertically from one generation to the next * are pieces of DNA containing information that instruct cells on how make different proteins - that contain the instructions for making a particular protein - DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein - portions of the DNA molecule that fulfill specific functions - powerful influences on physical and mental characteristics - present within the cell in packages called chromosomes - really bits of code - recipes for making proteins - regions of DNA that serve some sort of function usually via the proteins they encode * are regulated at either the transcriptional stage , or later , before translation - in eukaryotes through transcription factors and enhancer sequences - replicators, individuals are their vehicles - represented by small circles in the chromosomes * are responsible for all the functions mentioned above in the cells - hereditary characteristics in plants and animals - making all the proteins required by the body - the presence of specific enzymes in the cell - traits like a person's eye color or a vegetable's taste * are sections of DNA that act as blueprints or plans for the creation of proteins - are passed from generation to generation and perform one function * are segments of DNA arranged along a chromosome - inherited by the offspring from the parent - molecules that provide instructions for synthesizing proteins - molecules, which contain instructions for specific proteins * are segments of DNA that carry instructions for traits of organisms from parents to offspring - code for proteins * are segments of DNA that contain information necessary to make proteins - information passed down from parents to their children - direct the formation of a specific characteristic - eventually provide the code for proteins - chromosomes found in the nucleus of cells - self-replicating molecules - selfish, powerful, and pervasive - separated by speciation then diverge separately * are sequences of nucleotides within DNA that code for functional proteins * are simply chemicals that direct the combination of more chemicals - particular stretches of the DNA that constitutes chromosomes - small structures found in chromosomes, structures within the nucleus of cells - special chemicals that work as sets of blueprints to determine an organism's traits * are specific lengths of the DNA molecule, the base units of inheritance - pieces of information that tell our bodies how to grow, function, and develop - sequences of bases that encode instructions on how to make proteins * are stretches of DNA that encode information about proteins - nucleotides that carry the information the cell uses to make proteins - structures that are carried on larger structures called chromosomes - substances within the fathers sperm and mothers egg - the basic physical and functional units of heredity * are the basic units of heredity and are present in the cells of all organisms - in living organisms - heredity, and line up on a chromosome like beads on a string * are the biological plan for the construction of all living things * are the blueprints for body structure and function - every part of an organism * are the blueprints for the production of proteins - proteins that act as the building blocks of the body's tissues * are the blueprints of life which control every aspect of a cell's behaviour * are the building blocks of DNA, the blueprint of life - the cell that determine what a cell does - carriers of human genetic information * are the chemical blueprint unique to each person - blueprints that determine an organism's traits - instruction codes that are inside every cell - units in the cells of the body * are the coded instructions for all the functions of cells - every function of our cells - codes that are passed from one generation to the next - determining element - elements of the body's cells which are responsible for our physical characteristics - functional components of inheritance * are the functional units of a chromosome - fundamental units of heredity - genetic information that tells our body what chemicals to make * are the hereditary units contained in the DNA of every living cell - on chromosomes that are passed from one generation to the next - individual chemical instructions which tell our bodies how to work or how to develop - instruction manual for a cell's function and reproduction * are the instructions our body uses to run things - that give organisms their characteristics - to make a given protein - which direct the growth and development of all living organisms - molecular code of life - most important factor in controlling an individuals appearance - physical molecular carriers of heredity - pieces of DNA that code for a specific protein - sequences of DNA on a chromosome that actually direct the body to do something * are the smallest chemical parts that form segments of chromosomes - units of the hereditary material - stuff that our lives are made of - tools used to build and control living creatures - unit of evolution * are the units of DNA that code for particular traits - heredity that are passed down from parent to offspring - thought to be large, highly com- plex, protein molecules - topological sequences created via stocastic chemical processes - transcribed and translated into proteins, a process called gene expression - transferred from both of the organisms parents into the organism * are units of information about heritable traits - inheritance found in body cells - usually either dominant or recessive * are very small pieces of DNA when compared to the chromosomes they reside on - structures inside almost every cell of the body * are what determine all characteristics of a being, such as eye color, height,or blood type - unite all of humanity - without doubt an important factor in determining longevity * associated with hypoxia seem to have experienced convergent evolution. * begin to be transcribed. * build organisms to foster their goals and care nothing for happiness, justice, and peace. * bunch into cohorts and envolve together in the same way predators and prey evolve together. * can affect behaviour. * can also contribute heavily to some mental disorders - cross species, creating superweeds - differ in mutation rate - jump from one chromosome to a completely different one * can be dominant or recessive - social in a sense that they cooperate with other genes, individuals, groups and so on - the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits - thought of as sets of instructions, there are many genes on a chromosome - variable in size - cause a slight or strong susceptibility to getting a disease - contain information about anything related to an organism - exist in more than one form * can have an influence on a person's moles - more than one wild type allele if they are polymorphic - several alternate forms called alleles * can move across species barriers by conjugation - between plants causing weeds and spreading to other crops - mutate, multiply, rearrange and jump around in response to the environment - overlap each other, appear in different reading frames and on different strands - play a role in increasing an individual's risk of premature cardiac death - react and are self-regulating - travel to nearby, related plants on their own * can, for example, influence each other by means of repressor molecules. * cantravel to nearby, related plants on their own. * capture the evolutionary responses of prior populations to selection on behavior. * carry a mechanism with which to self regulate and self perpetuate - chemical information that determines the organism's characteristics - encoded information about specific traits * carry information essential for producing all the proteins required by all organisms - for a number of different functions * carry information for making all the proteins required by all organisms - proteins required by organisms - which is decoded by the organism to perform a specific function or task * carry instructions that allow the cells to produce specific proteins such as enzymes - guide cell growth - our hereditary information * carry the bits of information which determine the development and function of an individual - codes that shape future generations * carry the information for making proteins - required for the body's processes and structure - used to produce the proteins required by an organism - instructions for a trait - necessary informationto cause that single cell to grow into a human being - the information of heredity in the structure of their molecules * cassettes for insertional mutagenesis and alteration of open reading frames. * causes babies with ambiguous gender. * certainly play a part and certain chemicals, substances called carcinogens, are also involved. * change far more speedily than most evolutionary psychologists realize. * coding for lipases are even present in certain viruses. * come in different forms called alleles - varieties, called alleles - versions, or alleles - flavors called alleles - many varieties and the evolution helps to make it happen - matching pairs * come in pairs, one member of each pair inherited from the sire, the other from the dam - with one copy inherited from each parent - two copies per individual - twos with one gene inherited from the mother and one gene inherited from the father - with switches that specify when or where the gene is activated * commonly interact with the environment before determining phenotype. * comprise a minuscule fraction of an organism's matter. * constantly mingle in nature. * contain instructions for building proteins, which are involved in all sorts of things - sites that are much freer to change during evolution than protein sequences are - specific information about the body - the chemical instructions, or recipe, for each living thing * contain the hereditary information that is passed down from parent to child * contain the information necessary to produce organisms and their adaptations - of a cell that is inherited by future cells - that controls how biological organisms look and act - two distinct kinds of information, structural and regulatory * containing methylated DNA are inactive. * contribute to body weight * control all of the traits that any living organism possesses - everything and they all interact - many divergent disease processes - such individual characteristics as eye color, height and size * control the cell cycle in two very general ways - complex chemistry of the body and are passed on from patients to their children - finely tuned process by which cells replicate and divide * controlling the same trait occur in a variety of forms alleles. * determine aging. * determine an individual's general appearance and to some extent their behavior - organism's growth, size, and other characteristics - everything from eye and skin color to vulnerability to illness * determine how amino acids fold into proteins - long cells live - responsive people are to the hunger they feel - human characteristics such as eye colour, height and even haemoglobin type - many aspects of anatomy and physiology by controlling the production of proteins - our traits, such as eye color and blood type, and can also cause disease * determine physical characteristics, such as hair or eye color - traits like eye color - primary structure , the linear sequence of amino acids - such features as the shape of a leaf or the sex, height, and hair color of a child * determine the characteristics of a cell - inherited characters - physical and mental characteristics of an individual - sequence of amino acids in a protein - structure and function of all proteins in the body - what traits a creature starts out with * differ in the order, or sequence, of their base pairs. * direct our bodies to produce enzymes. * direct the production of proteins and a faulty gene can produce a dysfunctional protein - synthesis of proteins, such as receptors * do influence personality, as they do intelligence and every other aspect of being human. * do make a difference - proteins that determine ear and brain structure - turn on and off in response to experience * don t do anything by themselves except hold the blueprints for proteins. * don'tnecessarily control a single trait. * duplicate, and with subsequent mutations, assume different roles. * emerge through a process called mutation. * encode the sequence of amino acids of a particular protein. * escape Increased use of herbicide when planting herbicide-resistant crops. * establish the major pathways between parts of the brain. * evolve according to the rules of population genetics - due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles * exist in a number of different forms and can undergo mutation - to make proteins, which direct all of the workings of the body * expressing resistance are normally at a low frequency in a population of nematodes. * flow almost always decreases with increased geographic distance - out of a herd results from cow culling * flows within and between small populations. * genetic program for generation and exploration of fractals. * give coded instructions to the cell on how to assemble proteins. * give instructions on how amino acids link together to form proteins - to the cells of the body to perform certain functions * have a built-in capacity for variation - different forms which are known as alleles - functions - usually ones that enhance survival - kids - many different functions - mobility - the power to direct the production of specific proteins - their hands in bunion formation - to be inserted into a cell's nucleus - two main parts * heritable factor that controls a specific characteristic. * implicated in cell elongation are circadian-regulated. * imprinting explains the transmission of the childhood form primarily through the father. * instruct our bodies to make proteins - which determines the shape and function of each cell. * interact rather than simply expressing the sum total of their effects. * involved in development are of particular interest - dorsal closure include rho , hemipterous and basket - pollen development and function are of particular intrest * involved in the interaction between host and pathogen are candidates for vaccines - regulation of tissue remodeling are therefore candidate genes * is shown to block the spread of prostate cancer in mice. * is the master of using dyes to touch up, tone down, or even change a color in a transparency - process of isolating and making copies of a gene - word use to describe a small part of the master molecule of the cell, the DNA - through decreased expression of hepatocyte nuclear factors * just increase the probability of certain behaviors. * lie in sequence on the chromosome which indicates side by side duplication - within cells on tiny, threadlike structures called chromosomes * line up along the length of human DNA, neatly packaged in structures called chromosomes. * live on chromosomes, chromosomes live in cells. * located on different chromosomes assort independently during meiosis * make an individual unique - proteins and control enzymes - proteins, but proteins work only when patterned on a good DNA template - up only a subset of all the DNA in a cell * manipulate external objects - the world and shape it to assist their replication * merely hold the code to make proteins. * mutate as the body ages, causing cells to malfunction and deteriorate - faster in whales than in humans or bats * mutate, at a low rate, equally stable alternative forms, known as alleles. * mysteriously multiply and differentiate. * naturally combine into random patterns - jump between species all the time * nature photographer specializing in Macro-Photography of plants and insects. * normally come in pairs. * occupy a specific place on a chromosome. * occur in pairs along chromosomes - on chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell * occur in pairs, one contributed by our mother and one by our father - gene comes from the mother, the other comes from the father - strands of genetic material within the cell called chromosomes * occurs when people move into or out of a population. * often have alternative forms of expression, called alleles - work together when plants develop tolerance for environmental stresses * operate by determining the kinds of proteins that are made by cells. * perform two functions. * perpetuate themselves and exert their action through the proteins they encode. * placed in or near the heterochromatin tend to be inactive or silent much of the time. * play a role in all cancers - determining a woman's risk of ovarian cancer - role, too, making some people more likely to become addicted - an important role in bone aging * play some role in the development of some traits - role, but the magnitude of that role remains to be ascertained * plays role in breast, prostate disease. * pool- The total collection of different alleles in an interbreeding population. * predispose fur to change color, changing environment provides the cues. * produce proteins that control an individual's development and health - help the cells work properly * provide instructions for making proteins in the body - specific traits or characteristics such as hair color or blood type - living organisms with a kind of blueprint for inherited traits * provide the basic coding information used by the body to make proteins - heritable variation required by the evolutionary process - information for the primary structure of proteins * provide the instructions for cells to build the proteins that make life possible - making specific proteins * refers to the genetic information or the DNA sequence at that position. * regulate all of the functions a cell needs in order to survive. * replicate themselves, but only with the aid of highly complicated molecular machinery. * represent the segments of DNA that provide the chemical code for producing proteins. * reproduce themselves exactly at each cell division. * reside on chromosomes - a chromosome string of genes, much like a string of beads - within long strands of DNA which in turn make up the chromosomes * retain their identity as they pass from one generation to the next. * seek to reproduce themselves through having offspring. * segregate normally into gametes. * serve as a script that directs the body to make proteins - patterns for making enzymes and other proteins * set of instructions for an inherited trait. * shape the structure of the nervous system. * silencing also seems to help protect genomes from foreign invaders. * sometimes change to alternative forms. * specify individual traits * spread very slowly. * tell cells how to make proteins, which are crucial for each cell's structure and functioning - in the body what to do - what proteins to produce, and proteins are the basis of all biological processes - specific cells when to be gin growing and how many cells to make * tell the cell how to live, grow and divide - cells how to work together to form a whole animal or plant * tend to work in groups in an organised but barely understood way. * travel in gropes from parent to child and affect many different traits at once. * turn on and off to control our growth, body chemistry and even the color of our hair and eyes. * typically have a sequence several hundred to several thousand nucleotides long. * ultimately code for proteins. * usually come in pairs one inherited from each parent - with one inherited from each parent - pairs, and they determine everything about our bodies - palrs one lnherited from each parent - exist in two copies - one inherited from the mother and one inherited from the father * vary in length and sequence according to the protein they code for - size, depending on the size of the protein * work by coding for a specific protein which are almost always enzymes - to determine the course of development in the growing human embryo + Gene knockout: Genetic engineering :: Molecular biology * Gene knock-in' is the opposite term. There a gene is switched on, or a working gene inserted. + Genetic linkage: Classical genetics * Genes are linked when they are on the same chromosome. They then tend to stay together during meiosis. Alleles for genes on different chromosomes are usually not linked, due to independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis. A dictionary of genetics', 7th ed. + Lipase: Enzymes * Lipases are essential for the digestion, transport and processing of lipids in the diet. Genes coding for lipases are even present in certain viruses.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| sequence: Gene sequence * Most gene sequence analyses enable identification. * are more likely to be conserved during evolution than intergenic sequences - the order of letters in the DNA alphabet * can only give the amino acid sequence that is translated by the ribosome. * change as a result of mutation. ### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Abnormal gene * can also serve as diagnostic markers for associated diseases. * produce abnormal hemoglobin, which in turn produces abnormal red blood cells. Active gene * leave telltale traces where they match up with mapped locations on the chip. * tend to be associated with the nuclear matrix.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Allele * All alleles show a recessive, maternal-effect, embryonic lethal phenotype. * Most alleles are common to all populations and few are localized or rare. * Some alleles act as recessive lethals. * Some alleles are dominant, while other alleles are recessive - dominate or recessive to each other - more dominant than others - associated with human genetic disorders are recessive lethal - dont show effects until after reproduction * are A. alternate forms of a single gene - alternate forms of genes found on chromosomes - alternative forms of the gene - alternatives of one gene - an alternate form of a gene for one trait - differences in the DNA sequence of a gene * are different forms of genes for one trait - variants of a particular gene - variations of specific genes * are different versions of a specific trait - genes that impart the same characteristic - or forms of ONE gene - gene variants caused by mutation - just broad variants of a gene that can produce different results - recessive but then are triggered by hormonal differences in the sexes - responsible for variations in a trait - slightly different molecular forms of the same gene, which are shuffled during meiosis - two or more slightly different molecular forms of the same gene - variants of one gene - various molecular forms of a gene for the same trait - versions of a trait * arise by mutation. * can be dominant or recessive - recessive, dominant, and codominant - exist in alternative forms and organisms typically have two alleles for a given trait * come from the genes that are located on the chromosomes inside the nucleus. * determine which antigens are present on the cells. * differ by origin if they come from the same locus on different chromosomes. * exist only because the original wild-type gene has mutated at some time. * fall into six classes based on somatic, gonadal and dauer phenotypes. * occupy the same locus, or position, on chromosomes. * pass into different reproductive cells, called gametes. * produce different effects on the same trait - for example, horns vs polls. * segregate from each other in meiosis , but join randomly in fertilization - one another during the formation of gametes - independently yielding four possible allelic combinations in gametes + Allele, Different alleles at a locus: Chromosomes * Alleles differ by origin if they come from the same locus on different chromosomes. Thus, for example, the two alleles at a particular locus in a diploid individual are 'always' different by origin. They sit on different chromosomes. ### order \| series \| sequence \| gene \| allele: Different allele * allow for a variety of a given characteristic, e.g., fur color. * are different particles found in gametes - phenotypes for a particular character * have different sequences of nucleic acid bases. * produce variation in inherited characteristics such as hair and eye color - variations in inherited characteristics, such as eye color or blood type	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| sequence \| gene \| allele: Lethal allele * are always recessive. * can be dominant or recessive, but mor often they are recessive - either recessive, dominant and can be either autosomal , sex linked * result in modified ratios among surviving foals. * violate the rules of Mendelian inheritance. New allele * are produced all the time by mutation of existing alleles. * originate by mutation. * produced by mutation allow plants and animals to adapt to their new environment. Defective gene * Some defective genes are more common in certain ethnic groups. * can also pass along traits such as hearing loss or speech and language disorders. * cause inborn errors of metabolism. Developmental gene * is isolated from a model organism. * operate in the womb.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Different gene * affect individuals in different ways. * are active in different cells at different times - kinds of cells - expressed in different cells * are responsible for the expression of different characteristics of the organism - in different species for specifying the same anatomical features - subjected to the environment - the best for getting information about different conditions * cause genetic variation. * contain the blueprints for different organs, bones, blood vessels, etc. * determine the different characteristics, or traits, of an organism. * make up different species. * operate at different times. Essential gene * are the set of genes thought to be critical for an organism's survival. * produce proteins that are always required by the cell. Eukaryotic gene * Many eukaryotic genes contain large numbers of exons - have two stop codons located close to each other at the end of the gene * show colinearity between genes and gene products. Gene amplification * form of genomic instability , a hallmark of cancer cells. * is another frequently found aberration in human tumor cell genomes - important because it is the first step in the formation<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Gene flow * allows different genes to mix with others. * appears to be biased towards males, but overall populations are matrilineally structured. * can increase genetic variability by bringing in alleles from other populations - introduce new alleles and maintain diversity in populations * describes changes in gene frequency due to small population size. * increases genetic variation within a population - the divergence of populations * is caused by individuals from one population interbreeding with another population - important when it comes to lasting viability of populations - impossible between two species - interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated subpopulations - possible in the Far East where soybean originated and wild related plants exist - random among populations - restricted by distance, geographic barriers, and local adaptation * is the addition or subtraction of alleles from a population due to migration - great homoginizing agent * is the movement of alleles in or out of a population - into and out of a population as a result of a. fertilization - genes from one population to another - genetic information into or out of a population * is the result of migration between populations with different gene frequencies * largely neglected, but potentially important, factor in evolution. * occurs when individuals migrate between populations. * plays a crucial role in all three stages. * refers to introduction of genes from outside the local breeding population. * relational process involving dispersal into a reference population. * tends to decrease differentiation - homogenize allele frequencies among populations - reduce differences between populations Homologous gene * can be identified in many species, however their function is yet to be elucidated. * function in fly and fish segmentation.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Human gene * All human genes are in normal quantity and vampire genes seem to work in some range of quantity. * Most human genes have no known analogs in the world of bacteria. * Some human genes seem to have been ripped off wholesale from simpler organisms. * are also able to accessorise the proteins they make - no different from other genes - pieces of genetic material recorded on a DNA molecule * can make more proteins per gene than simpler organisms - than genes of other organisms - nations with the poorest of resources rich, or the richest poor * come in pairs, called alleles, contributed by both parents. * contain instructions for making human proteins. * seem to produce more alternative proteins than fly or worm genes. Imprinted gene * affect aspects of development and behaviour in mammals. * are functionally haploid, and therefore extra vulnerable to mutation - necessary for normal mammalian development * have few and small introns. Mutant gene * Most mutant genes are recessive with respect to wild-type genes. * is on the X chromosome. Mutated gene * can increase a person's risk for certain diseases, including cancer. * give rise to the aberrant growth patterns that characterize carcinogenesis. New gene * are target for new drugs e.g. if the protein is specific to the pathogen. * arise in an individual organism by chance mutation. * can improve crop quality and nutritional content. * enter the species gene pool way of mutations.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Oncogene * Some oncogenes inhibit apoptosis and extend cell life and others stimulated it - stimulate activation of cellular pathways leading to uncontrolled cell division * act in a dominant fashion. * affect the way cells use energy and multiply. * appear to have high flexibility for the regulation of endogenous plant hormonal levels. * are cancer-causing genes - displayed in green and tumor suppressors in red * are genes encoding proteins that can induce such dysregulation - in viruses that cause cancer when they infect animal cells - that actively cause tumor growth * are genes that promote cell growth and reproduction - whose products cause transformation or tumorigenesis - with potential to cause cancer - mutated forms of certain normal genes of the cell called proto-oncogenes - normal genes that somehow go awry and cause cancer - quaternary messengers - regulatory genes that are associated with cancer - slightly changed equivalents of normal cellular genes called proto-oncogenes - the mutant form of proto-oncogenes * are, in analogy, genes that control the accelerator. * arise from mutations in essential genes that regulate the growth of cells. * carry out many functions in the cell, where they play a role in cell division. * cause cell mutations and tumor growth under a prescribed set of circumstances. * control cell growth, and are mutant versions of normal genes. * dictate the production of proteins that stimulate normal cell growth. * get their name from the Greek word 'onkos', which means lump or mass. * influence a cells structure and function. * originate from proto-oncogenes or genes involved in cell growth regulation. * play a role in the cell cycle. * produce an excess or superactive form of the protein - malignant transformation by affecting normal cell growth and development * promote excessive cell growth and tumor formation in the damaged form - normal cell division * turn a healthy cell into a cancerous cell. * usually function in the signal transduction pathway.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order \| series \| sequence \| gene: Several gene * act in tandem to direct the various processes, many in a cell-cycle dependent manner. * appear important for both islet and endocrine cell development - under tight developmental control * control leaf or foliage traits of watermelon. * interact to produce cats' hair color and coat patterns - with each other to alter the shades of the basic colors * make up an individual which certain location in a search space. Single gene * Every single gene carry an idea and smoothly flows with the stream of blood in our veins. * Some single genes have major consequences for behavior. * can control specific steps in development - evolve through mutation or recombination of genes to generate new virulences Specific gene * are capable of inducing cell transformation, thus causing cancers to form - responsible for the development of eyes * contain information to produce specific proteins. * interact with one another to confer increased or decreased risk for alcoholism. Genome sequence * has terminal repeated sequences. * is simply an ordered map of the DNA molecules in a given organism - structure only Sequence alignment * generic problem in bioinformatics research. * is an important problem in the bleeding-edge field of genomics. * shows that nematode tyrosinases form a distinct gene family. Sequence dancing * competitive sport as well as a social pastime. + Sequence dance: Dance types * After modern ballroom dancing developed, in England, sequence dancing continued. It included so-called 'Old Time' dances and also adapted versions of the new ballroom dances, and then versions of Latin dances. Sequence dancing is a competitive sport as well as a social pastime.<\|endoftext\|>### order \| series: Soap opera * are a part of American culture and a source of entertainment and fun - often rebroadcasts of programs made in Mexico - serials - substitutes for the fairytales, folk tales and stories - television drama - usually inexpensive television programs shown during the day * contain hordes of attractive actors and actresses. * deal with fake characters. * define women in relation to a concern with the family. * has a biblical antecedent. * is the paradigmatic television form. * make strong women pine for men all the time. * promote laziness. Social order * Every social order is based ultimately on expectations. * emerges with the concentration of power and ceremony in the hands of a ruler. * exists only as a product of human activity. * is based on consensus - more likely to come from a moral education that instills good character in people - turned upside down when the most successful people in a community are criminals * sacred right which is at the foundation of all other rights. Spontaneous order * are essential to human life. * can resemble chaos. * emerges from the interactions of each system's component parts.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### order: Word order * Some word order is part of dictionaries - encyclopedias - letters - lullabies - phonebooks * is also important in English with phrases smaller that a sentence - central to English sentence structure - grammatically free with no particular fixed order * is important in English grammar because it carries meaning - communicating meaning in English - one of the most important and significant features of a language such as English - only one way languages can be grouped together - ordering - part of text - very important for showing grammatical relationships since there is no inflection + English grammar, Word order: Grammar * Word order is the other big difference. In English, adjectives usually come before the noun. Most Romance languages normally put their adjectives after the nouns. This is because Spanish and English have different rules about word order. + Grammar, Different languages * Word order is the other big difference. Romance languages normally put adjectives after the nouns to which they refer. This is because Spanish and English have different rules about word order. ### ordinary agricultural industry: Fur farming * is an ordinary agricultural industry - illegal in many parts of Europe and strictly controlled elsewhere - practiced throughout Michigan - the practice of breeding or raising certain types of animals for their fur - therefore an even greater abuse of animal rights than hunting and trapping * well regulated farming activity. Ordinary matter * comes in five forms. * consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. * consists of the electron and u, d quark energy level only - electron, electron neutrino, and u, d quark energy level only * is found primarily in the form of atoms. * loads down the oscillations of the photons, like putting weight on a spring. ### organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum * are organelles. * complex network of membranes in the cytoplasm. * contains tubules or cisternae. * has the ability to assemble the lipids needed in making membranes. * makes up more then half the membrane of the cell. * network of tubules, vesicles and sacs that are interconnected. Golgi apparatus * are primarily responsible for the proper sorting of lipids and proteins in cells. * is organelles. * processes certain types of newly synthesized protein. * tend to be more abundant in developing cells than when mature and secreting. Organic acetal * Acetals are stable once they have formed - to base, and are good carbonyl protective groups * An acetal is an organic compound	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic alkaloid * Alkaloids also help the body to resist disease, strengthen tissues, and improve the nervous system. * Alkaloids are a class of chemicals that includes many medically useful substances - group of toxic waste products - major class of natural products that have a physiological effect in other organisms - also present that have blood pressure lowering effects * Alkaloids are among the most common active organic compounds found in plants - familiar and addictive drugs known - bases - basic - they form water soluble salts - bitter tasting nitrogenous compounds - bitter, complex, nitrogen containing compounds - chemical substances that contain nitrogen - colorless, complex, bitter organic bases, and they are essential to maintaining life - companies * Alkaloids are derived from plants, and have powerful pharmacological effects - various amino acids - highly reactive substances with biological activity in low doses - natural basic chemical compounds which contain nitrogen atoms - nitrogen-containing compounds isolated from plants * Alkaloids are organic compounds * Alkaloids are present in all the parts of the plant - commonly consumed foods and herbs, as are a variety of enzyme inhibitors - usually derivatives of amino acids and most alkaloids have a very bitter taste - occur naturally in nature - often have a bitter taste and are insoluable in water - represent another class of secondary metabolites - sometimes present * An alkaloid is an organic compound * Many alkaloids are toxic to other organisms - can be from basic substances by acid-base extraction * Most alkaloids are well-defined crystalline substances, which unite with acids to form salts * Some alkaloids are poisonous, e.g. strychnine and coniine, and colchicine inhibits cell division. * Some alkaloids have a bitter taste - Alkaloids' are chemical compounds that can be made naturally. They contain basic nitrogen atoms. The name comes from the word alkaline and was used to describe any alkaline containing nitrogen. Many alkaloids can be from basic substances by acid-base extraction. Many alkaloids are toxic to other organisms. Some alkaloids have a bitter taste + Taxane: Chemical compounds * Alkaloids are natural basic chemical compounds which contain nitrogen atoms. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. Compiled by A.D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1997. The name comes from the word alkaline and was used to describe any alkaline containing nitrogen. ### organic alkaloid: Atropine * acts at the same site as acetylcholine. * blocks the muscarinic receptors. * increases the heart rate by blocking parasympathetic nervous system impulses - risk of heat stroke because it causes decreased sweating - size of the pupil of the eye * is an alkaloid - antispasmodic - poison - white * reacts badly with muscimol , the true secondary hallucinogen from muscaria. Ergotamine * are alkaloids - dialyzable - effective in the vast majority of migraine episodes - ineffective in the prophylaxis of migraine - similar to the brain chemical called serotonin * produces constriction of both arteries and veins. Pilocarpine * can cause sweats and nausea and vomiting. * is used in the treatment of glaucoma. * remains an important element in pharmacology and physiology. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid * are poisonous compounds that can cause severe liver damage. * obstruct the hepatic venous system and can lead to hepatonecrosis.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic alkane * Alkane is an organic compound - hydrocarbons * Alkanes are a group of hydrocarbons that contain single bonds between the carbon atoms - simple class of chemical compounds - aliphatic compounds - compounds of carbon and hydrogen atoms held together by single bonds - generally unreactive - hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds - present in natural gas and petroleum - rather unreactive chemically - relatively unreactive and remain unchanged by most reagents - saturated hydrocarbons - the first class of simple hydrocarbons and contain only carbon-carbon single bonds * Alkanes are the simplest group of hydrocarbons - unreactive and are mainly used as fuels - usually asymmetric but are nonpolar because they contain no polar bonds - very soluble in other organic solvents - burn in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and steam * Alkanes can be straight or branched chains or ring structures - form halogenated hydrocarbons in the presence of chlorine and ultraviolet light * Alkanes have a high ionisation energy, and the molecular ion is usually weak - free rotation - the typical properties of covalent compounds - react with halogens in a so-called halogenation reaction + Butane: Fuel * Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. Usually, Butane is a flammable gas, it burns very well. + Category:Alkanes: Hydrocarbons * Alkanes are the simplest group of hydrocarbons. The pages have been ordered by the number of carbon atoms in each molecule. + Hydrocarbon, Hydrocarbon "Families", Alkanes ### organic alkane: Branched alkane * boil at a lower temperature than the n-alkane with same molecular weight. * have a lower boiling point than their corresponding unbranched isomer. Larger alkane * have two or more carbon atoms connected or bonded together. + Alkane * The simplest alkane is methane, which is made of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. Larger alkanes have two or more carbon atoms connected or bonded together. The carbon atoms of alkanes are joined together by single bonds.<\|endoftext\|>### organic alkane: Polyethylene * allows passage of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. * are easy to distinguish from other plastics because they float in water. * caps snap over a special sealing ring forming an effective barrier to moisture. * is alkane - chemical compounds - solids - synthetic resin * pails in a double boiler work well for making soap. * resins, carboxyl modified. * sink if they are high density and float if they are low density. * wear debris and the concept of the effective joint space - from the metal head and debris formation are two common types of wear * wear in mobile-bearing design types - retrieved canine acetabular components Solid alkane * Many solid alkanes find use as paraffin wax, for example in candles. * occur as evaporation residues from oil, known as tar.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic alkene * Alkenes are aromatics and are important builder molecules - liquid and spoil easily - nucleophilic because they are electron-rich - similar to alkanes - the starting material for many different chemicals - burn in air or oxygen, as do alkanes - follow the same naming convention used for alkanes - have p electrons availble to share with electron-poor electrophiles - normally react as nucleophiles by sharing their p electrons - serve as intermediates in the preparation of a variety of organic compounds - undergo addition reactions usually by electrophilic reagents * An alkene is an organic compound + Hydrocarbon, Hydrocarbon "Families", Alkenes * Alkenes are similar to alkanes. The main difference between them is that alkenes have a carbon to carbon double bond. The general formula for the alkenes is CnH2n. + Hydrogenation: Chemistry * Vegetable oils have alkenes in them. Alkenes are liquid and spoil easily. People making shortening add hydrogen to the alkene, turning it into an alkane. The alkanes are more solid and stable. A catalyst is used to react the hydrogen with the oil. This makes trans fats, though. Margarine is an example of a hydrogenated spread.<\|endoftext\|>Organic alkyne * Alkynes are also easy to reduce to double bonds - hydrocarbons - insoluble in water but are soluble in organic liquids - linear and alkanes are tetrahedral * Alkynes are more reactive than the alkanes or alkenes due to the presence of unsaturated bonds - their alkene and alkane counterparts - usual hydrocarbons - have a carbon to carbon triple bond * An alkyne is an organic compound * Alkynes are more reactive than usual hydrocarbons. For example, they are more reactive than alkenes in many reactions. If the alkyne is at the end of a molecule, it is easy to remove the proton with a strong base. Then, the alkyne can be used in addition reactions. For example, it can be added to a ketone. Alkynes are also easy to reduce to double bonds. * Alkynes are more reactive than usual hydrocarbons. For example, they are more reactive than alkenes in many reactions. If the alkyne is at the end of a molecule, it is easy to remove the proton with a strong base. Then, the alkyne can be used in addition reactions. For example, it can be added to a ketone. Alkynes are also easy to reduce to double bonds. They can be made into both 'trans' and 'cis' double bonds. Alkynes are also used a lot in pericyclic reactions. + Hydrocarbon, Hydrocarbon "Families", Alkynes * Alkynes have a carbon to carbon triple bond. CnH2n-2 is their general formula.<\|endoftext\|>Organic amide * Amides are made from carboxylic acid groups and amine groups through the loss of water - non-migratory slip additives - can also be active, but their activity depends on the overall structure - made by deprotonating ammonia are very strong bases - undergo hydrolysis in acidic conditions to yield a carboxylic acid and an amine salt * An amide is an organic compound + Amide, Amides in inorganic chemistry: Nitrogen compounds :: Functional groups * An 'amide' ion is different from an amide in organic chemistry. The amide ion is made by deprotonating ammonia. This is ammonia acting as an acid, although a very weak one. Amides made by deprotonating ammonia are very strong bases. Sodium amide is an example.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic amide: Peptide * Are fragments of a whole protein molecule. * Many peptides occur in nature only in minute quantities. * Most peptides are soluble in distilled water. * Some peptides are very hygroscopic. * Toxins from Amanita. * also regulate various aspects of the nervous system. * antagonists with the ability to modulate the activity of multiple chemokine receptors. * are a diverse group of compounds that mediate communication among neurons and glia - absorbed into the mucosal cells by pinocytosis - active substances used by the pharmaceutical industry - also useful in the development of new diagnostic tools - amides - amino acids strung together very much like pearls strung along a necklace * are among the more significant messengers in the body - most common chemical structures found in animals - chains of amino acids - expensive to produce, and they degrade quickly - important in countless areas of biomedical research - links of amino acids that boost collagen and elastin production - messenger molecules that have specific sites on cell surfaces to which they bind - polymers - powerful isolates of amino acids derived from much longer whole whey protein molecules - regulators of the activity of other molecules, like proteins * are short chains of amino acids that can take on many structural forms - polymers of amino acids * are small chains of amino acids still linked together - acids, the building blocks of protein - consisting of few amino acids - proteins that play a key role in body chemistry - smaller, low molecular weight compounds, sometimes as small as two amino acids - sources of amino acids and nitrogen for cells * are the building blocks of proteins - long chains of amino acid residues that make up a protein subunit - therefore an important factor of neuronal plasticity - ubiquitous modulators of neural networks - usually too small to have extensive secondary or tertiary structures - what make up proteins * based on the hydrophobic proteins are also effective inhibitors of adhesion. * begin to fold into secondary structure even as they are being translated. * bind to eosinophils in the rat stomach. * binding cleft is open end. * blockers to prevent culture agglutination. * can serve as antigens capable of being recognized by the immune system. * changes in the parabrachial nucleus following cervical vagal stimulation. * consisting solely of glutamine residues can form insoluble complexes. * contribute to the sensory quality of circumgenital scent marks in marmoset monkeys. * enhance the fullness of beer. * form the constituent parts of proteins. * hormonesa e soluble in water. * intermediates in the degradation of cellular proteins. * is an amide - array class - produced in the laboratory, and is of known potency * libraries to discover structural basis of protein protein interactions. * ligands for a sugar-binding protein isolated from a random peptide library. * mostly adjust or regulate metabolic events. * oligomers for holographic data storage. * reagents for research in physiology and other fields. * regulate some aspects of protein expression. * substrates for tyrosine kinases. * transform themselves like tiny smart Legos into millions of essential substances.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic amine * All amines are water soluble. * Amine is organic matter - paraffin * Amines are bases just like ammonia - derivatives of ammonia , again, with alkyl groups substituting for hydrogen atoms - generally modest or good nucleophiles - the organic bases - used a lot in chemistry - usually volatile at room temperature and smell like ammonia - weak bases just as ammonia is - well represented among biologically important molecules * Amines can be both acids and nucleophiles - trigger migraines - decompose to produce ammonia in feedwater - give up their protons at basic or alkaline pHs - have strong odors - react with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides to form amides * Many amines have fowl odors - interesting physiological properties * Most amines are insoluble in water, but are soluble in organic solvents like ether. * Amines are used a lot in chemistry. Since the nitrogen has a lone pair, it can do many reactions. It can take protons away from some acids. It can also be a nucleophile. It can be changed into imines and other functional groups. ### organic amine: Aliphatic amine * are strong bases with examples of lower molecular mass soluble in water. * yield a blue precipitate. Biogenic amine * formed in foods are important indicators of food contamination and spoilage. * regulate avian immunity. Primary amine * form a derivative that is soluble in base, insoluble in acid. * have one carbon bonded to the nitrogen. Tertiary amine * have no H-bond donor , since they have three alkyl groups on the nitrogen. * react with primary or secondary alkyl halides to form quaternary ammonium salts.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic amino acid * All amino acids are L configuration - also present - organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen - pure, pharmaceutical grade - weak acids with two or more ionizable groups - found in protein have the L configuration * All amino acids have amino and carboxyl groups attached to the alpha-carbon atom - an acid group and an amino group attached to a carbon atom - fairly similar pKA's for their carboxyl and amino groups - require nitrogen for their development * Amino acid contains atoms - sulfur atoms - derives from proteins - fluxes in rat thin limb segments of henle's loop during in vitro microperfusion * Amino acid has chemical properties - effects * Amino acid is an organic compound - monomers - organic molecules - part of proteins - produced by digestion * Amino acid produces during digestion - protein digestion - supplements, no matter what form they take, are quite expensive * Amino acids act as fuel for the body - affect how nutrients get absorbed in the intestinal tract - appear in nature with different frequencies * Amino acids are a chemical groupcontaining nitrogen, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen - fundamental part of our diet - already in our body * Amino acids are also available in capsule form at most health food stores - important special nutrients in their own right - necessary in supporting the immune response - precursors of hormones, porphyrins and many other biomolecules * Amino acids are also the links in a molecular chain - main fuel source for the liver - altered into forms that the body needs - amphoteric - an essential part of a properly balanced diet - at the heart of bioinformatics - carbons with a hydrogen, amino, and carboxyl groups, and a variable group - chain compoundscontaining carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen - chemical units that makeup proteins - components of antibodies, which are substances that help the body fight disease - compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and occasionally sulphur - essential for building protein - expensive, and high protein needs can be met by eating a well-balanced diet * Amino acids are fundamental constituents of all proteins - molecules that are used by all life forms to build proteins * Amino acids are important building blocks in the production of proteins - to our bodies because they are the building blocks of proteins - ineffective and their long-term health effects are unknown - just milk, egg, meat - light years from life - literally the building blocks of proteins * Amino acids are made into proteins by being joined together in a chain of peptide bonds - of nitrogen and sulfur in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen - molecules that are the 'building blocks' of protein - monomers and have to be joined together to form proteins, whch are polymers - monosaccharides pass through the villi walls into the capillary system - necessary building blocks for all proteins * Amino acids are necessary for growth and cellular replication throughout the body - proper growth, development, health and maintenance - protein synthesis to take place - the formation of hormones and enzymes - to make proteins , an important part of the human body - organic compounds with at least one amino group and one carboxl group * Amino acids are organic molecules composed by two groups, one carboxyl group and one amino group - that form the basic constituents of protein - peculiar in that they have both basic and acid properties - present in greatest abundance in egg yolk, fresh milk, liver, kidneys and cheese - reabsorbed by sodium dependent transporters in the proximal tubule - represented by the one letter code * Amino acids are responsible for generating new cells for blood in our body - muscle growth and repair - simple compounds of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen - simply the most important nutrients * Amino acids are small enough to pass into the bloodstream - nutrients that link together to make protein - still scientifically questionable - synthesized by specific enzymes, encoded by specific genes * Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins - blocks of the body - protein building blocks - basis for other supplements popular with athletes - body's building blocks for important chemical relaxants in the brain * Amino acids are the building blocks for our entire body - for proteins - from which all proteins are made - from which protein molecules are constructed - of all proteins, which are found in all living things - of one of our most important nutrients-protein - of protein , the stuff of which the body is made - of protein and are found in a variety of foods - of protein, a necessity for life - of protein, and proteins are the building blocks of muscle - of proteins needed by the muscles to grow - of proteins which are used for plant growth and development - of proteins, the most important biomolecules - of proteins, which are needed by all cells in the body - of proteins, which carry out many functions in organismic life - of the proteins in all living things - that combine to form proteins - that form body and dietary proteins - that make protein in our bodies - used to make proteins - building-blocks of protein - components which are used to build proteins - fundamental components of proteins and are synthesized in living cells - gray balls - ingredients of the cake itself - key to protein metabolism - main low molecular weight organic nitrogen compounds - materials the cell actually uses for the building of the protein - molecular building blocks of protein and muscle tissue - molecules from which proteins are made - monomers of polypeptides - predominant form of nitrogen available to the heterotrophic tissues of plants - primary end-products of digestion in the ruminant - principal building blocks of proteins and enzymes - real nutrients derived from proteins by digestion of food - small building blocks that make up all proteins - structural units comprising a polypeptide - subcomponents that make up protein - subunits of proteins - units from which proteins are made - unique in that they neutralize and help eliminate free radicals * Amino acids are very important for everyone - simple in structure, and very necessary for life - vital in human chemistry - zwitterionic, they have both positive and negative charges on the molecule - are, of course, a critical part of our biology - break down into carbon chains and amino groups * Amino acids can also form bonds through side chain linkages - occur in DL configuration with a mixture of D and L forms - provide energy but are needed as building blocks - stimulate growth hormone - differ in the stability during storage - exist as two enantiomorphs - react to form amide bonds-the basic linkage in protein structure - undergo reactions characteristic of any functional group in the molecule - chain to form proteins * Amino acids come in two forms that are mirror images of each other - together to build a chain - complete the racemization process when the amounts of L and D amino acids are equal - consist exclusively of the L-isomer * Amino acids contain an amino group at one end, and a carboxyl at the opposite end - both an amine and a carboxylic acid group - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur * Amino acids contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the basic atoms of life - which is toxic to the body - the liver converts it into urea - nitrogen, which is harmful for the body - one or more nitrogen atoms - primarily carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms - continue to be linked until the protein is finished - contribute a few percent - derived from the hydrolysis of proteins can serve as sources of energy - dictate how the body responds to stress, hunger and other stimuli * Amino acids differ in nature of R group, ranging from single hydrogen to complicated ring compounds - the type of side chains they contain - enable vitamins and minerals to perform their jobs properly - enter the pool from ingested protein or from degradation of body protein - exhibit a peculiar feature known as chirailty - feed the brain the nutrients that belong there * Amino acids form polypeptide chains * Amino acids have a lot of flavor - two forms of shorthand, a one character code and a three character code - help to sustain cell growth as well as restoration - incorporated into protein structures are of the L form * Amino acids join together into a polypeptide chain - with the peptide bond , to become parts of peptides or polypeptides - keep chromium from precipitating in the small intestine where the pH is alkaline - link together between the amide and carboxyl groups * Amino acids link together in chains to form proteins - long chains to form proteins in the body - up to make a protein - make proteins which are building blocks for life * Amino acids make up protein and are an example of the former - modify the activity of canine intrinsic cardiac neurons involved in cardiac regulation * Amino acids occur mainly in L-conformation in proteins - naturally in plant and animal tissues and are the basic constituents of proteins - pass into the lumen of the intestine from the mucosa and are reabsorbed again - play a vital role in the mechanisms of sexual arousal - provide the structural components of cells and tissues - represent quite a broad spectrum of different chemical structures - serve a wide variety of functions * Amino acids serve as a source of nitrogen and energy and are utilized by most microorganisms - the precursors of many important biomolecules besides protein - stick to various minerals, but most make no distinction between the l and d forms - support the recovery of individuals needing proper amino acid supplementation - suppress proteolysis independent of insulin throughout the neonatal period * Every amino acid consists of an amine and a carboxyl bound to the same carbon atom. * Every amino acid contains nitrogen, which is found primarily in amino acids - has an alpha carbon * Many amino acids are corepressors of the committed step enzyme genes. * Most amino acid contains atoms * Most amino acid has chemical properties - is produced by digestion * Most amino acid produces during digestion * Most amino acids are common, and found in all food, but there are a couple that are harder to find - encoded by several different codons - present but their relative concentrations vary from species to species - very delicate and destroyed by stomach acids * Most amino acids have an assymetric carbon which is common to all - more than one codon * Some amino acid circulates in bloodstreams. * Some amino acid comes from proteins - tissue proteins * Some amino acid contains nitrogen - damages eyes * Some amino acid enters blood streams - capillaries - tubules * Some amino acid finds in blood - muscle proteins - red meat * Some amino acid is secreted by glands - pineal glands * Some amino acid makes up eukaryotic proteins - needs for division * Some amino acid plays important roles - uses for energy - acids act as neuro transmitters * Some amino acids are both ketogenic and glucogenic - catabolized into both glucogenic and ketogenic products - coded by two or more different triplets of DNA base pairs * Some amino acids are essential and others are non-essential - to the diet - lipophilic and some are lipophobic - much more important than others to the proper nutrition of the bird - polar and some are neutral * Some amino acids have a functional group that ionizes in solution - functional groups containing sulfur - only one possible codon - properties similar to neurotransmitters + Allele, Different alleles at a locus: Chromosomes * Alleles are different by state if they have different DNA sequences. This idea can be adjusted to need. For example, we may judge them as different only if the difference changes the amino acid sequence of a protein. Some amino acids are coded by two or more different triplets of DNA base pairs. + Phenylketonuria: Genetic disorders + Polypeptide * A 'polypeptide' is a string of amino acids linked together. Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic amino acid: Arginine * appears to enhance immune function in both animals and humans. * causes the secretion of growth hormone. * enhances the immune system, and stimulates the size and activity of the thymus gland. * facilitates a reduction in body fat, while increasing lean muscle mass. * helps to depolarize gut cells leading to an improved uptake of the amino acids. * is amino acid - chemical compounds * plays a key role in stimulating release of anabolic hormones that promote muscle formation. * reverses arterial plaque, strengthens connective tissue, and speeds healing. * strengthens the heart and can help prevent heart cells from dying due to hypoxia. * works with ornithine in the production of growth hormone - synthesis of growth hormone<\|endoftext\|>### organic amino acid: Aspartic acid * aids in the expulsion of harmful ammonia from the body. * boosts the number of neurotransmitters in the brain. * can also act as a nucleophile in some enzyme reactions. * causes brain lesions and neuroendocrine disorders in experimental animals. * doses from aspartame are lower than that for glutamic acid found in supplements. * has a cumulative harmful effect on the endocrine and reproductive systems. * is an amino acid - effective chelator of cadmium - excitatory amino acid - excitotoxin - another normal neurotransmitter within the brain - considered nontoxic - one of the non-essential aminoacids, usually present in young plants - regenerated from fumaric acid produced by the urea cycle - the most common amino acid * strong beta sheet breaker and is indifferent to alpha helix. * very common amino acid.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic amino acid: Creatine * Most creatine is made from animal tissue - sold on the internet and even at health stores use what is refered as heavy creatine. * is already in the body as a natural substance. The body changes it to phosphocreatine. It is then stored as energy in the muscles. Creatine is mainly used in the lactate system and the phosphocreatine system because these two need more energy. They also take a part of the energy from the production or the absorption of creatine * accepts a high energy phosphate from oxidative phosphorylation and becomes phosphocreatine. * acts as a cellular volumizer when used in conjunction with exercise. * actually helps the muscles retain more water molecules within the muscle cell. * allows one to work out harder and recover faster - players to rapidly and safely gain muscle mass * also buffers lactic acid production, thereby reducing muscle fatigue - the development of lactic acid allowing for a more enduring workout - causes muscle cells to retain water, and bloated cells produce bulkier muscles - helps with resistance training by bloating the muscle with creatine rich fluid - increases strength for some people with neurologic diseases * also is found in meats and fish - most meats - plays an important role in nerve cell function - reduces energy waste products * appears to be helpful to only a limited number of athletes - well tolerated in short-term trials * are amino acid * can become creatinine if left in liquid for fifteen minutes or more. * causes increased water uptake in the muscles and can cause bloating. * comes in a phosphate-related form to create high energy phosphate - either powder, syrup or tablet form * comes in several forms-powders, liquids, candy, chewables and gum * complements it by enhancing the energy required to fuel the contraction of muscle. * compound that can be made in our bodies or taken as a dietary supplement - is naturally made in our bodies to supply energy to our muscles - which is naturally present in vertebrates * derivative from meat. * does bring about an enhanced accrual of strength in weight-lifting programs - cause rapid increase in muscle mass for many people - work to build muscle * draws on water from other parts of the body to help the muscles do their work. * has a very specific effect with very specific training protocols - different effects on every individual * has no caloric value - effect on an athlete's testerone level * has the awesome effect of super-hydrating muscle cells with water - following structure - potential to increase optimal work output of muscle * helps reduce lactic acid build up, delay fatigue and maintain peak power output longer. * helps to decrease the lactic acid build-up in the muscles used during training - hold water in the muscles - weightlifters and runners squeeze in extra reps or stair climbs * high powered energy precursor naturally found in red muscle tissue. * high-energy compound comprised of three amino acids. * hydrates the muscles by drawing water into the cells. * increases energy and improves performance for in certain sports. * increases the body's ability to do work - produce more lean muscle tissue * intensifies the color when tests are positive. * is an amino acid derivative that works as described above * is an amino acid found in foods, such as meat and fish - naturally in healthy muscles * is an amino acid made by the body - in the liver and stored in the muscles of the body - produced naturally by the liver and kidneys and stored in muscles * is an amino acid that is stored in the muscle as phosphocreatine - occurs naturally in the human body - the body produces naturally in some of the organs - used in muscles to supply energy to the muscle cell - energizing metabolite, found mostly in muscle, which powers high-intensity exercise - energy-producing substance naturally found in the body - ergogen for anaerobic exercise - another amino acid that is phosphorylated in the muscles to store energy - available as a supplement in powders , a chewing gum and wafers * is available in powder form or capsules as well as in bars, gels, candy and gum - powders, pills, gum, candy, and liquid - through the diet in meats * is biosynthesized from amino acids - in our bodies from amino acids - carried in the bloodstream to the skeletal muscles - composed of three amino acids, and is made in the liver - controversial - converted to phosphocreatine by the enzyme phosphocreatine kinase - eliminated from the body via glomerular filtration and shows no protein binding - formed from amino acids arginine, methionine, and glycine through a chemical process * is found in meat and fish and is manufactured in our kidneys and livers - moderate amounts in most meats and fish, which are, after all, skeletal muscle - the muscular cell and is utilized along with water for fuel - naturally in the body and can also be obtained through food and supplements - in all meat - ingested in order to increase athletic performance, such as endurance and power lifting - isolated from meat extracts, no wonder it is expensive - known to cause increased muscle mass and weight gain - legal because there has been no serious short term or long term side effects known * is manufactured from sarcosine and cyanamide - in the body by arginine, glycine and methionine - marketed as a nutritional supplement rather than as a drug - needed for the body to store and use energy properly - no stranger to athletes because it appears to provide an edge in competition - now available in a no loading liquid form * is one of a class of molecules called amino acids - the energy sources used by the body * is one of the most popular muscle-building aids - widely used, and widely touted, supplements for body builders - the few body builder supplements that has actually been proven to work - popular among athletes - present inside muscles, especially skeletal muscles * is probably safe to use - the most researched supplement out there - produced and stored in some organs of the body * is produced naturally by the body and is digested in the same manner as protein * is produced naturally in our body and it supplies our muscles with energy - the human liver, pancreas, and kidneys - removed from the body by the kidneys as creatinine - responsible for causing seizures - safe when taken in the recommended dosages - said to build muscle and energy during workouts - similar to a protein and can be found in raw meat and fish - simply a fuel source * is sold as a powder, a gel, a fluid, a candy and as a creatine chewing gum - legally over the counter in synthetic form as an amino acid powder - stored in the muscles and works to power explosive bursts of anaerobic activity * is synthesized in the body from the amino acids arginine and glycine - liver from the amino acids glycine, arginine and methionine * is the most widely used supplement in sports - other troubling sports supplement ingredient - substance in meat which causes muscle growth - supplement of choice for today's athletes and fitness enthusiasts - totally safe and effective * is used by athletes who are hoping to increase the production of energy in muscles - many firefighters to gain strength and size - for the development of muscle tissue in the body - useful for brief intense exercise such as weightlifting and sprinting - very useful to assist with muscle growth and training effort - widely to increase muscle strength * legal performance-enhancing substance widely used by athletes - supplement because it is produced naturally and can be found in most foods * metabolite that is produced naturally by the human body. * modified amino acid in mammalian muscle and nerve fibres. * natural amino acid present in the body of humans and animals - by-product of liver, kidney, and pancreas metabolism - compound found primarily in meats - constituent of meat, mainly found in red meat - metabolite found primarily in red muscle tissue - powerful cell energizer vital to the human body - product that the human form contains within it's skeletal muscle * natural substance found in many foods that is stored in muscle tissue - produced by the liver, kidneys, and pancreas * natural substance that is found in meat and fish - turns into creatine phosphate in the body - used by the body for energy production * naturally occuring amino acid metabolite found in the red muscle tissue - dietary substance found in meat and fish * naturally occurring amino acid - compound produced in our bodies - metabolite found in muscle tissue * naturally occurring metabolite found in red muscle tissue - supplements found in red muscle tissue * naturally occurring substance in the body - produced in the body in the liver and kidneys * necessary substrate for producing useable energy in muscle cells. * nonessential dietary component found in abundance in meat and fish - protein-like compound found in high abundance in meat and fish * nonsteroidal, nonprescription muscle-enhancer taken orally prior to working out. * nutrient that is naturally found in our bodies. * occurs naturally in the body and comes from food sources like beef * perfectly natural substance. * performance-enhancing amino acid which is produced by the liver and kidneys. * plays a key role in the replenishment of anaerobic energy stores - vital role in the release of energy in the muscles of humans and other animals * plays an important role in muscle contraction - the transfer of energy * popular amino acid used by body builders to add bulk. * poses risks with no known benefit for nonathletes. * promotes the synthesis of protein, which promotes muscle growth. * protects against cortical damage following traumatic brain injury in rats - muscles by drawing water inside muscle cells - the central respiratory network of mammals under anoxic conditions * protein molecule that is stored in muscle. * provides more energy for high intensity workouts. * quickly available energy source for muscle contraction - turns to creatinine in a liquid * restores energy in fatigued muscles. * seems to be well studied in scientific research. * simple natural molecule made from animo acids. * small, nitrogen containing molecule that serves as a storage form of energy in cells. * substance found naturally in the body and in foods like red meat - diet as well as the human body - manufactured in the human body by the liver and kidneys * substance that is naturally found in our bodies - is now available a no loading liquid form - produced in every human being * very controversial supplement on the market today. * works to increase extra muscle mass, which in turn burns up body fat as fuel.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic amino acid: Cysteine * destroys free radicals and thereby protects healthy cells. * is amino acid<\|endoftext\|>### organic amino acid: Cystine * are amino acid - chemical compounds * can build up in the urine to form a stone - form covalent bonds to another cystine * disulfides involved in catalysis of peroxide reduction. - believed to play more of a role in body maintenance than in growth - one of the building blocks that make up muscles, nerves, and other parts of the body - present in considerable amounts and forms disulfide bonds - produced endogenously from the metabolism of dietary methionine - the least soluble amino acid * natural conditioner used in dough that is made from duck feathers and human hair. * structural component of tissues and hormones.<\|endoftext\|>### organic amino acid: Histidine * Becomes histamine. * are amino acid - chemical compounds * attenuates cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. * increases estrogen and progesterone receptor levels in rat mammary tumors - it the least - the operational stability of lactase - an amino acid that can bind to metal - elevated in the blood and urine in a genetic condition called histidinemia - good for removing metals from the body - one of the basic amino acids important to life - released from mast cells when provoked by such things as nettle and bee stings - the precursor of histamine - used by the body to create histamines, which are triggered in allergic reactions * plays an important part in the production of red and white blood cells. * stabilizes lactase by delaying unfolding. * weak base. Leucine * appears to have a specific, and apparently, unique impact on skeletal muscle. * helps reduce muscle protein breakdown. - present in all protein foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and beans * member of the branched-chain amino acid family, along with valine and isoleucine. * nonpolar hydrophobic amino acid. * promotes muscle growth, acting in concert with insulin - the healing of bones, skin and muscle tissue Tryptophan * is amino acid * seem oriented vertically whereas histidine locations suggests helical paths. Tyramine * causes release of a chemical that stimulates brain activity. * is amino acid - in cheese, wines, and anything aged or fermented Organic azadirachtin * An azadirachtin is an organic compound * Azadirachtins possess a wide spectrum of therapeutic and powerful pesticidal properties. Organic bacterial culture * Bacterial culture is organic matter. * Bacterial cultures are also useful for neutralizing organochlorine contaminants, like PCEs - negative - grow quickly * Many bacterial cultures are susceptible to attack by viruses. ### organic base: Pyridine * 's a great ligand. * alkaloids One of the best pyridine alkaloids is nicotine. * also enters to the body via inhalation and by the other routes. * colorless liquid with an unpleasant smell. * is an organic base - aromatic with six pi electrons in a cyclic, conjugated pi-orbital system - soluble in liquid ammonia - susceptible to nucleophilic attack - used to dissolve other substances - very soluble in water ### organic brain diseases \| rare cause: Primary hyperparathyroidism * is treated surgically, with identification and excision of the adenoma. * occurs infrequently. * rare cause. Organic bromoform * A bromoform is an organic compound * Bromoform can cause irritation of the eyes and nose. * Bromoform is genotoxic in several assay systems - known to destroy ozone in the troposphere * Bromoform is the bromine equivalent of the more famil iar chloroform - major organohalide produced by chlorination of seawater during desalination * Bromoforms are chemical compounds.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic chemical * Many organic chemicals react readily with chlorine, sometimes violently. * Some organic chemicals contain orange pigment * are chemicals that contain carbon atoms - compounds containing carbon, including hydrocarbons and other petrochemicals * cause the color differences - of the belts<\|endoftext\|>Organic chloroform * Chloroform appears to be a transported pollutant - by-product of chlorination and potent oxidant and respiratory irritant - byproduct of using chlorine as a disinfectant - carcinogen - clear liquid with an ether-like odor and a slightly sweet taste - colorless liquid with a pleasant, nonirritating odor and a slightly sweet taste - drug * Chloroform is administered to patients on a handkerchief and inhaled - an organic compound - chemical compounds - created when drinking water is chlorinated to remove microbial pathogens * Chloroform is created when water is chlorinated to remove microbial pathogens - purified to remove life-threatening microbes - found in nearly every public water system in the United States - known to cause cancer in animals - medicine - more potent and more toxic than ether - one of the most abundant chlorination by-products in drinking water * Chloroform is one such carcinogen, a by-product of useable water supply chlorination - released as a vapor from hot running water, such as in a shower - sold containing a preservative - suspected of causing cancer - toxic and phenol burns the skin on contact - unacceptable for euthanasia - used as a solvent - very poisonous , and can cause breathing problems , and problems with the heart - lasts a long time in groundwater - potent hepatotoxin and a suspect human carcinogen * Chloroform probable carcinogen and is suspected of causing birth defects * Chloroform suspected carcinogen - toxic pollutant of air and water - volatile solvent whose vapors function as an inhaled anesthetic like nitrous oxide * Most chloroform is eliminated by the body via the lungs. * It is an organic compound. Chloroform is one of the intermediate substances that occur in the production of Polytetrafluoroethylene, better known as 'Teflon'. Chloroform is used as a solvent. In the 19th century, it was a widely used anaesthetic. + Chloroform, Problems: Chemical compounds :: Organic compounds :: Chlorine compounds * Chloroform was used as an anaesthetic during childbirth and surgery, from about 1847. It replaced ether which was used before. Chloroform is very poisonous, and can cause breathing problems, and problems with the heart. Death from chloroform can come from cardiac arrest. When Chloroform is stored for a longer time period, it can decay into Phosgene. Chloroform can cause birth defects and lead to miscarriages. It may cause cancer.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic compound * All organic compounds contain carbon. * Any organic compound is subject to oxidation under proper conditions. * Many organic compounds contain nitrogen - exist as a combination of their enantiomers * Most organic compounds are nonelectrolytes - compose of carbon * Most organic compounds contain atoms - carbon atoms * Most organic compounds derive from dead plants * Most organic compounds form materials - plant materials * Most organic compounds have amounts - bonds - chemical bonds - effects - large amounts - profound effects - triple bonds - play roles - provide nutrients * Some organic compounds are made of acid - amino acid * Some organic compounds are produced by bacteria - common bacteria - common soil bacteria - photosynthesis - susceptible to hydrolysis - become food * Some organic compounds cause acute diseases - conduct electricity * Some organic compounds contain acetylene - hydrogen - sulfur - contribute to health problems - decrease oxidation * Some organic compounds find in plants - pollute water - tea - form peroxides in a matter of months under the right circumstance - have smaller molecules but they contain hydrogen as well as carbon - increase acidity * Some organic compounds inhibit growth - reproduction - melt through mesophases , states of partial order between solid and liquid - occur in plants * Some organic compounds participate in atmospheric reaction * Some organic compounds produce fibre - synthetic fibre * Some organic compounds promote activities - microbial activities - support growth - use energy * absorb infrared light in unique ways. * are chemicals that contain carbon, hydrogen, and usually oxygen - compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen - even more widespread than the inorganic metals - found in living organisms - generally different from inorganic compounds because they contain carbon - made and oxygen is given off as a by-product - molecules of one or more elements covalently bonded to carbon atoms - mostly insoluble in water - named according to the organic nomenclature system - often very large and are usually held together by covalent bonds - ones with a carbon skeleton - organic matter - prepared, separated, purified, and characterized - substances that contain carbon - the compounds made up of the chemical element carbon * can also plug the pores - be of many types and can have many origins * come from living things. * consist mainly of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. * contain a. carbon and usually other elements - at least one carbon atom * containing nitrogen are of great importance in biochemistry - sulfur are very important * dissolved in solvents are the active molecules in all dye lasers. * form the basic building blocks of living tissue - chemical basis for life and are more abundant than inorganic compounds * include solvent. * is the name for the carbon compounds found in all living things. * leached from soil also cause foam. * make up all living matter. * move within a cell through a process called cyclosis or cytoplasmic streaming. * occur in the globules, and structures resembling fossil bacteria are present. * tend to be nonpolar and tend to react slowly unless heated - break down when left to themselves - dissolve in organic solvents * vary greatly in their rate of decomposition.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic compounds: Organic acid * All organic acids are soluble in organic solvents like benzene, ethanol, ether, etc. * Many organic acids are naturally present in food items. * Most organic acids are very weak. * Some organic acid derives from bacteria - is released by bacteria - produces during metabolism - stimulates growth * are also a natural product of composting, especially when anaerobic conditions exist - dangerous materials to handle - highly corrosive to metal machine parts and paint - more effective as preservatives in the undissociated state - much, much milder than mineral acids and occur quite commonly in everyday life - very important compounds in living things * contain carbon atoms. * find use in medicines. * have a carboxyl group and long a chain of carbons attached to it. * is organic compounds. * play an important role in the flavor and taste of plant-derived foods.<\|endoftext\|>Organic creatine phosphate * Creatine phosphate has that ability - helps the body to perform intense exercise - high-energy compound stored in muscle * Creatine phosphate is also involved in the transfer of energy within the muscle cell - an organic compound - broken down very quickly and produces energy extremely fast - much more expensive to manufacture while it offers no advantage - produced by the process of anaerobic respiration - the a substance that exists in limited quantities within the cells - used by the body as an immediate source of energy for muscles - major provider of energy during high intensity short term exercise Organic creosote * A creosote is an organic compound * Creosote build-up can create a fire hazard - burns with an intense flame that can damage mortar - catches fire easily and burns hot * Creosote contains chemicals which are probable carcinogens - impurities that are toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic * Creosotes are organic compounds.<\|endoftext\|>Organic cyanide * Cyanide acts as an agent to separate the rock from gold - increases reduction but decreases sequestration of methylene blue by endothelial cells * Cyanide is an organic compound - chemical compounds - inanimate objects - salt - toxic substances - runs straight up the water groove to the tree at the summit - taken in the diet is detoxified in the body, resulting in the production of thiocyanate * Cyanides are both man-made and naturally occurring substances - highly toxic - in liquid state in munitions but rapidly vaporize upon detonation of the munitions - less soluble than acetates - can form if nitrogen is heated with carbon in the presence of alkalies or barium oxide * Most cyanides come from industrial processes and are hazardous. ### organic cyanide: Cyanide fishing * is also a profitable enterprise for investors and boat owners - common in the South Pacific and Southeast Asia * poses a serious threat to some of the world's most diverse coral reefs. Sodium cyanide * corrosive, highly toxic chemical. * dissolves instantly in water, turning into hydrocyanic acid. * is acutely toxic to any living thing - produced from the reaction between hydrogen cyanide and sodium hydroxide * white, crystalline compound.<\|endoftext\|>Organic enol * An enol is an organic compound * Enols are also carbon nucleophiles - tautomers of ketones or aldehydes - isomerize to carbonyl groups in the way described in the text + Nucleophile, Types of nucleophiles, Carbon nucleophiles: Physical organic chemistry * Enols are also carbon nucleophiles. The formation of an enol is catalyzed by acid or base. * Enols are tautomers of ketones or aldehydes. Tautomers are molecules which are different only in the position of an hydrogen atom. Enols can be made very easily from ketones or aldehydes using a base. However, they can do many interesting reactions. The best example is the aldol reaction.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic ester * Ester chemists word to describe a particular chemical bonding configuration. * Ester is an organic compound - organic matter * Esters also have an important function in organic synthesis - remarkable applications in everyday life * Esters are a class of compound that can help to illustrate the correlation between smell and flavor - ubiquitous class of aroma compounds present in many fruits - very important functional group - aromas and flavors in the beer that are a byproduct of fermentation * Esters are compounds formed when carboxylic acids react with alcohols - that are sort of like alcohols bonded to acids - derived from carboxylic acids - named as derivatives of the carboxylic acid from which they are formed - organic molecules - present in small quantities after distillation, and are also formed during aging - the most common functional group - usually non-staining and cosmetically easier to work with than other chemical absorbers - very common in nature and an important part of Organic chemistry courses * Esters can also do many reactions - react with amines or ammonia to form amides - degrade most rapidly - enolize too , and their enolate ions do the same things that ketone-enolates do * Esters have a very sweet fruity smell - important medical uses - two carbon chains separated by an 'ether' oxygen - often have a fruity taste or odor - react in the presence of an acid or base to give back the alcohol and a salt - require an organic acid and an alcohol to condense by the elimination of water - usually have a pleasant fruit-like flavor * Esters vary from low to high - only in their ability to reduce a steroid's water solubility * Many esters are very fragrant - occur naturally and can be derived from a variety of plants * Some esters also have useful physiological effects - have recognizable odors and are used in food flavorings. * Esters are a very important functional group. They can be found in many substances. They are very common in fats and oils. They sometimes have a very strong, nice smell. They can be used to make perfumes. Polyesters are found in plastics. * Esters can also do many reactions. It is very easy to change the ether part of the molecule with another similar one. It is also possible to reduce the ester to a ketone or an alcohol, which can do many different reactions. Nucleophilic addition is also a good reaction, though a bit more difficult than with ketones ### organic ester: Glyceride * are ester - fats and oils that are esters of glycerol with one or more fatty acids - fuel - lipids in which fatty acids are attached to the glycerol molecule - part of fat * contain fatty acids and glycerol. * is ester * occur naturally in oils and fats. Lactate * act as a bacteriostat by increasing the lag phase or dormant phase of microorganisms. * are a partial measure of the amount of anaerobic work that is performed in a task. Organic ethyne * An ethyne is an organic compound * Ethynes readily form compounds with metal. Organic furan * A furan is an organic compound * Furan produces liver cancer in rats and mice and therefore has been studied in detail. * Furans are chemical compounds - organic compounds - similar chemicals and are often found with dioxins - structurally similar to dioxins and share many of their toxic effects - very similar to dioxins - have one or two phenyl rings connected to a furan ring * Some furans are nearly identical to dioxins in structure and toxicity. Organic glycoside * A glycoside is an organic compound * Glycosides are a group of sugar derivatives found widely in plants - important sugars for the proper functioning of the heart and blood stream - molecules in which a non-sugar chemical is bound to a sugar * Glycosides are very common in nature - varied in structure and have a wide range of functions - neutralize glucose capturing inhibitor that arises in blood during stress	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic glycoside: Nucleoside * All nucleosides are of the b configuration. * are a type of nucleic acid - glycosides - nucleotides without the phosphate groups * can combine with one, two or three phosphates. * differ from nucleotides in that they lack phosphate groups.<\|endoftext\|>### organic glycoside: Saponin * Many saponins are piscicides, that is, they have the ability to stun fish - have molluscicidal activity * Most saponins are also diuretic. * also have a cholesterol lowering effect which reduces the risk of heart disease - reduce the risk of some cancers * are a class of compounds, each consisting of a sapogenin portion and a sugar moiety - compound found in legumes and legume sprouts - diverse group of nutrients found in a variety of plants * are also diverse in ginseng - present in small amounts in some foods, such as soybeans and peas - bitter and reduce the palatability of livestock feeds - glycosides with a distinctive foaming characteristic - quite bitter and can be found in many common foods such as some beans * can bind cholesterol and thus interfere with cell growth and division. * cause changes in the microstructure of cell membranes and they lyse red blood cells. * fight cancer, lower cholesterol, and stimulate the immune system. * form strong insoluble complexes with cholesterol. * have a cleansing action on anything - acting as a detergent, just like a soap - many gifts to offer the human body in the area of health - soap-like properties * lower the surface tension of aqueous solutions and form colloidal dispersions in water. * prevent cancer cells from multiplying by interfering with their DNA replication process - fats from entering the blood stream Organic halocarbon * A halocarbon is an organic compound * Any halocarbon breaks that molecule up into non ozone particles. * Halocarbons are carbon compounds that contain fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine - more efficient suppressants, and can be dispensed at lower pressures - organic compounds - have an indirect effect because they destroy stratospheric ozone ### organic halocarbon: Fluorocarbon * also offer low compression set and excellent aging characteristics. * are example - more nearly inert to chemicals and solvents than all other polymers * have much smaller cohesive energy density than hydrocarbons, but are more hydrophobic. * is more expensive, but it is also invisible. * offer unique properties for cleaning and carrier fluid applications. Organic hemiacetal * A hemiacetal is an organic compound * Hemiacetals are easy to hydrolyze, acetal is harder - can further react in the presence of excess alcohol to form acetals Organic humic substance * A humic substance is an organic compound * Humic substance increases aeration of the soil. * Humic substances are brown polymers in the soil made from the remnants of organic matter - very complex and are different depending on conditions and minerals available - can chelate metals, especially humic acids known as fulvic acids - produce thicker, greener, and healthier crops - work for many reasons, depending on soil and environmental conditions ### organic humic substance: Humin * are black in color - humic substances - insoluble in dilute acid or base * is the alkali-insoluble fraction of leonardite.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic ketone * A ketone is an organic compound * Ketones appear in the urine several hours before hypoglycemia develops. * Ketones are a by-product of fat breakdown for energy - byproduct of burning fat and they are excreted in the urine - normal byproduct of fat oxidation * Ketones are acids created by fat break down - that build up in the blood - acids, and can cause damage or death to cells - chemicals that have a suppressive effect on the appetite - extremely useful as solvents and paint components - fat-metabolism byproducts, which can be toxic to developing babies - fatty acids produced by the liver when the body is starved of carbohydrate - intermediate products in the oxidation of fat to energy - potentially neurotoxic - present in the urine when the body begins to breakdown fat for energy - resistent to oxidation * Ketones are the acids or toxins produced when blood glucose rises in the absence of insulin - natural by-product of fat breakdown, normal and important sources of energy - toxic to the fetus - waste products that build up when the body burns fat for energy * Ketones can cause nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting * Ketones can poison and even kill body cells * Ketones have a carbonyl on the interior of the chain - calories, like the fat from which they are derived - the formyl group in the middle of the molecule - make blood more acidic - only mean that there is fat being metabolized - play a role in improved blood flow - promote mitochondrial energy production and membrane stabilization * Ketones react with nitroprusside or sodium nitroferricyanide and glycine to produce a color change - such reagents to produce tertiary alcohols - result from the catabolism of fats - suppress appetite and, if accumulated, can cause high uric acid levels + Aldehyde: Organic compounds :: Functional groups * The group without the side chain is called the 'aldehyde group' or 'formyl group'. Aldehydes are different from ketones because the formyl group is at the end of the molecule in an aldehyde. Ketones have the formyl group in the middle of the molecule. Aldehydes are common in organic chemistry. ### organic ketone: Acetone * Most acetone produced is used to make other chemicals that make plastics, fibers, and drugs. * dissolves protein. * evaporates readily into the air and mixes well with water. * inhibits tannin-protein interaction. * is chemical compounds - toxic substances * occurs naturally in plants, trees, volcanic gases, and forest fires. * passes through the body into the urine. * works well to remove oils.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic matter * All organic matter contains stored energy from the sun - has a half-life in the soil * Any organic matter increases the water-holding capacity of soil. * Most organic matter contains carbon - passes through intestines * Some organic matter accumulates in water. * Some organic matter becomes fossil fuel * Some organic matter contains cellulose - dead organisms - derives from plants - escapes oxidation and is preserved to varying extents, e.g., as fossil fuels * Some organic matter is produced by algas - decomposition - diatoms - moves through canals - passes though the water column and is deposited in bottom sediments - prevents diseases * Some organic matter prevents fungal diseases - root diseases - provides food - tends to work better than others * accumulates around the roots of the hitchhiking plants, creating a mass of rich soil. * adds nutrients to the soil - nutrients, improves tilth and stabilizes soil moisture levels * affects both chemical and physical properties of the soil - the available water capacity, infiltration rate, and tilth * allows the soil to retain more water and provides the plant needed nutrients. * attracts earthworms that drill channels deep into the subsoil. * binds soil particles, granules, and aggregates together. * builds a better soil structure for roots to forage for water, nutrients and air. * can absorb large quantities of moisture as snow melts, therefore runoff is decreased - act as a filter, cleaning air and water * can be anything from old leaves, dead animals and plants, or tiny living things - peat moss, aged manure or compost - come from humus, compost, etc - consist of compost, well-rotted manure, or peatmoss * can help prevent iron deficiency - sandy soil be more stable, hold plants better and retain more water - to improve structure of soil, especially clay soils - strongly affect metal ion binding to soil and sediment - temporarily harbor fleas while they are off the host * common limiting factor in the selection of crop, nutrients, or pesticides. * consists of dead and decomposing plant and animal parts - macroscopic and microscopic forms of flora and fauna * contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. * decomposes more slowly in wet soils. * does increase slightly at the lower sampling depth with the higher rates - several important things for the root growth of azaleas * drives metabolism in freshwater ecosystems. * enhances degradation by providing a way for the chemical to uncouple - the aeration and water-holding capacity of the soil * extremely limiting factor in the selection of crop, nutrients, or pesticides. * favors soil fungi and other organisms. * gives soil a darker colour. * great soil improver for both clay and sandy soils. * has a large influence on soil structure - number of important functions in soil - strong, positive effect on infiltration of water into soils - by far the highest cation exchange capacity of common components of most soils - favorable effects on soil productivity - good water retention abilities which help sandy soils - the ability to absorb large quantities of calcium * helps aerate clay-heavy soils and helps maintain moisture in sandy soils - any soil become more like the ideal loamy soil - clay soil to drain and sandy soil to hold more moisture - create and stabilize aggregates of the grains of sand, silt, and clay - increase microorganisms - plants in the soil to grow strong and healthy - preserve a porous soil structure, which absorbs and holds water * helps sandy soils hold water and nutrients - slow down the water passing through so the capillary pores can suck it up - soil store more water and helps prevent erosion and produces better crops - stabilize the soil pH, which, in turn, increases microorganism activity * holds more water and nutrients than any other soil constituent - nutrients in the soil by reducing leaching * improves aeration, water retention, soil structure, and drainage - all Long Island soils * improves soil conditions, conserves soil moisture and encourages root development - drainage of excess water, while holding moisture for better growth - structure, helping to develop strong, healthy root systems * improves the ability of the soil to hold moisture during dry spells - drainage and aeration of clay soil - fertility, the structure and the tilth of all kinds of soils - texture of both sandy and clay soils - water-holding capacity and helps retain vital nutrients * increases nutrient-holding capacity and improves aeration and water retention - soil water holding capacity * increases the number and kind of microorganisms in the soil - water holding capacity of a soil * inhibits the antibacterial action of nitrofurazone. * is added to the soil as well as the potential for nutrients such as nitrogen - gradually by the plants and animals living in the soil - all that really does distinguish most atoll soil from crushed coral - also the most chemically active part of the soil - an essential fraction of any good quality soil * is an important part of the life of agricultural or garden soils - soil material * is anything that was once alive - which comes from a plant or animal - basically something that used to be alive * is beneficial to organisms in the soil and provide a rich food for earthworms - the soil and to vegetable crops in many ways - beneficial, and fish emulsion is helpful in boosting soil health - broken down organic material from plants - created by plants, microbes and other organisms that live in the soil - divided into living and non-living things * is equally important in cases of more sandy soil - especially beneficial in heavy clay or light, sandy soils * is essential for making healthy soil, which results in well fed and healthy plants - to growing good roses - extremely important in improving soil structure and increasing pore space - filtered from water at the surface or in the soil - ground up in a worm's gizzard - high and fertility is medium - immature through most of the cored interval, with maturity increasing with depth * is important for healthy plants - in soil tilth - on the Coast and in other locales that have sandy soil - to soil productivity - less abundant in the B horizon - like magic - lost during and after tillage * is low in many Australian soils - the surface layer * is made of tiny rocks and bits of dead plants and animals - up of dead plant material - maintained or increased - many different kinds of compounds some more useful to organisms than others - metabolized by microorganisms and consumed by invertebrates - more important than fertilizer - moved downward through sand as the water table fluctuates - naturally present from leaves and decaying plants in the reservoir - often part of a soil test - one of the components that makes the shale black - perhaps the life blood of the soil - rapidly decomposed and leached or eroded by heavy rains - removed biologically - sparse in the B-horizon - that part of the soil that can make or break a garden * is the adhesive for holding soil particles together by increasing soil aggregation - byproduct of the decomposition - key to forest health * is the layer formed by plants and animals - byplants and animals - lifeblood of the soil - main source of energy for soil organisms, both plant and animal - plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of decomposition - remains of plants and animals in the soil - single most important factor affecting adsorption of pesticides in soils - very heart and soul of organic gardening - waste residues and remains of living organisms - ubiquitous in the environment and one of the most important copper complexants - very important to successful plant growth * is what makes a soil fertile - they eat * loosens the soil, which increases the amount of pore space - tight clay and helps sand hold more water and nutrients * makes a great natural fertilizer - plants healthier * means plant nutrients. * placed in airtight landfills stops the earth s natural cycle of decomposition. * plays a large role in influencing how the Earth functions - major role in aquatic systems - more of a role in aggregate stability than in aggregate formation * produced on the land resource which, used properly, is inexhaustible. * promotes stabilization of the aggregate particles. * provides benefits to the soil and the subsequent crop in many different ways - both types of nutrients, as well as properties that improve soil quality - energy for biological activity - suitable shelter for disease microbes to survive * rains down to the bottom of bodies of water. * reduces effectiveness, but iodophors are less affected than hypochlorites - soil crusting and helps soil hold water and nutrients * releases food in a form available to plants through the process of decomposition. * requisite for healthy garden soil. * serves as a carbon source for soil microorganisms - glue, holding sandy soil particles together * slight limiting factor in the selection of crop, nutrients, or pesticides. * storehouse for nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. * tends to bind up some soil pesticides, reducing their effectiveness. * uses up oxygen in the decay process. * vital part of soil quality. * works like a sponge, improving the soil's ability to retain most nutrients and water. + Radiocarbon dating: Archaeology :: Carbon :: Radiometric dating * It is a type of radiometric dating. The method uses the radioactive isotope carbon-14. Most organic matter contains carbon. This makes it possible to tell the age of substances that contain carbon. The method works to about 60,000 years old.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic molecule: Heme * chemical that carries oxygen and makes blood red. * consists of an organic part and an iron atom. * enters the cell as an intact metalloporphyrin, presumably by a vesicular mechanism. * is absorbed by machinery completely different to that of inorganic iron - an organic molecule - available as hematin in the United States - bright red, the pigment that characterizes red blood - broken down into bilirubin at peripheral sites - chemical compounds * is converted to bilirubin, which is then carried by albumin in the blood to the liver - biliverdin by heme oxygenase and then to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase - essential if the body is to work properly - excreted by liver to ultimately become bile pigments that color feces dark - made of four pyrrole groups united to form a porphyrin ring - manufactured by the bone marrow and liver to carry oxygen in hemoglobin and hemoprotein - responsible for the characteristic red color of blood - taken up in the liver, where it compensates for the reduced synthesis of heme - the major building block of hemoglobin * lignand with myoglobin forming a functional compound that delivers oxygen to muscle. * member of a family of compounds called porphyrins. * porphyrin that is the important non-protein component of hemoglobin. + Hemoglobin, Structure: Biochemistry :: Iron compounds * Heme is an organic molecule. This means it contains Carbon. Each hemoglobin molecule has four globin chains, four heme molecules, and four Iron atoms. Globin is a protein that is in the body. Each globin chain surrounds a heme. When hemoglobin is in the lungs, it picks up oxygen in its heme, and carries it to the rest of the body. ### organic molecule \| heme: Heme oxygenase * facilitates the transport of toxic ferrous ion out of cells. * is known to be a defense against oxidative injury. * modulates selectin expression in different regional vascular beds. * substrates acutely lower blood pressure in hypertensive rats. Organic neurochemical * A neurochemical is an organic compound * Neurochemicals are what nerves use to communicate with muscles and direct their actions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic neurochemical: Endorphin * More endorphins are released in the pituitary gland during times of pain or stress. * act as pain inhibitors, which block the pain signal throughout the body - like morphine and are the body's natural painkillers - on several areas the brain, particularly the hypothalamus and the limbic system * also appear to share with morphine a potential for addiction or tolerance - circulate after exercise and other times of pleasure and satisfaction - play a role in the body's ability to regulate temperature * also reduce pain and induce sexual feelings - strengthen the immune system * are a group of proteins made naturally in the brain that help people endure pain - substances formed within the body that naturally relieve pain - a. small molecule transmitters - addictive, especially over time - another of the chemicals which are thought to produce the feel good factor - chemical compounds designed to act much as does any pain killer such as morphine - chemicals that have strong painkilling effects in humans - endogenous morphine- natural painkillers - hundreds or even thousands of times more potent than morphine on a molar basis - like morphine and can be addictive - morphine-like substances in the brain that relieve feelings of stress and pain * are natural chemicals created in the body, which are involved in pain tolerance - that seem to act like antidepressants - opiate-like chemicals produced by the brain * are natural opiates of the brain - released by the brain to signal pleasure rather than pain * are natural pain killers in the body - relievers produced by the body * are natural painkillers and also appear to affect behaviour - substances in the body that increase one s sense of well-being - naturally-occurring opioids - neuromodulators in that they can effect the rate at which nerves fire * are neurotransmitters that attach to the same receptors in our brains as the opiates - relieve pain and induce euphoria - one of the body's many pain relief chemicals - pain killers that are normally produced by the body in response to pain - pain-killers - pain-killing chemicals that occur naturally in the brain - part of the body's natural pain-control network - peptides - significantly less potent than morphine narcotic - small-chain peptides that activate our endogenous opiate receptors - substances in the brain that relieves feelings of stress and pain - the body s natural painkillers and evoke feelings of well-being, even euphoria * are the body's feel-good hormones that give moods a natural lift - internal pain regulators * are the body's natural morphine-like chemicals - relaxant and pain reliever * are the body's own natural defenses against pain - pain relievers - brain's natural painkillers and also metabolize into serotonin - natural sedatives of the body, and have a calming effect on the horse - valuable substances which are naturally produced by our body * can further decompose to small fragments, oligomers, which are still active - help reduce pain * contribute to the runner s high and diminishes pain levels. * create feelings of pleasure and joy, and of euphoria - hallucinations * effect the dopamine pathway that feeds into the frontal lobe. * have a morphine-like effect and are sometimes referred to as the body's own opiates - less ability to reduce pain when serotonin is low * help to improve the circulation of blood.. * play a role in regulating temperature, intestinal function, and appetite - the system which produces sensations of pain and pleasure * probably contribute to the warm inner glow induced in susceptible chocaholics. * produce calming, soothing effects. * reduce the sensation of pain and affect emotions. + Endorphin, Types: Endocrine system :: Proteins * They are usually in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. More endorphins are released in the pituitary gland during times of pain or stress. Exercise increases the endorphin release too. For the same reason, exercise results in a better mood.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic nitrile * A nitrile is an organic compound * Nitriles are a little different, but their chemistry follows the same pattern - also resistant to air and water environments - important precursors of amino acids - one of the best choices for use in paintguns - organic compounds - have a high resistance to some solvents Organic nonsteroid * A nonsteroid is an organic compound * Nonsteroids are the traditional first-line drug treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Organic nonsteroidal * A nonsteroidal is an organic compound * Nonsteroidals are safe in most instances with minor side effects.<\|endoftext\|>Organic olefin * An olefin is an organic compound * Olefins act as free radical scavengers and remove decomposition products such as hydrochloric acid. * Olefins are chains of carbon atoms which include two carbon atoms attached with a double bond - easy to oxidize selectively, producing a variety of even more reactive intermediates - exceedingly common starting materials for organic synthesis - highly reactive hydrocarbons that generate high levels of ozone or smog - less expensive than nylons - react primarily by addition of molecules such as water, oxygen, and halogens	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organic olefin: Ethylene * acts as a negative regulator of the signaling pathway. * also accerlerates the ripening process. * also causes ripened fruit to drop from the plant - starches to be converted to sugars - enters the environment from combustion engine exhaust and non-electric heaters - evolves in the ripening plantain - induces ripening of many fruits and vegetables - is flammable and can be toxic to aquatic wildlife - triggers more ripening among other fruits * burns with a bright flame. * byproduct of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas and oil. * can cause the formation of a bitter compound in carrots and possibly parsnips - have a number of deleterious effects on other products * causes aging in plants and auxin levels stimulate growth - changes in dormancy states primarily by breaking dormancy - flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants - leaves and bracts to droop - yellowing of leaves, and an increased rate of deterioration * colorless gas regarded as the natural aging or ripening hormone. * colorless, odorless gas that promotes ripening in many fruits and vegetables - slightly sweet-smelling gas * common gas in swamps due to decay. * controls the ripening of fruits. * dibromide binds to DNA in vitro and in vivo in rodents - ingested can cause gastroenteritis, liver necrosis, and renal tubular damage - itself very toxic compound * dibromide, reagent grade. * differs from other plant hormones in that it a. has only inhibitory effects on plants. * enhances the antifungal lipids contents idioblasts from avocado mesocarp. * gas produced by ripe fruits. * gas that also serves as a plant hormone - forms through the breakdown of methionine, which is in all cells - which is produced by ripening fruits including avocados, bananas and apples * gaseous by-product of kerosene combustion, which allows fruit to ripen in sheds. * glycol also contributes to significant renal tubular necrosis - can poison young children if swallowed * glycol is first ingredient listed on the antifreeze jug - odorless but has a sweet taste - part of a slurry used for polishing in the manufacture of disk storage devices - present in anti-freeze, coolants, hydraulic fluid, and solvents - safe and effective as an anti-freeze mixture for automobile radiators - or propylene glycol is only the anti-freeze part * growth-inhibiting gas, the equivalent of a hormone in animals. * has a very low diffusion rate in water and accumulates in submerged plant parts. * has many applications, mainly to make different plastics - side effects on tree growth too, so use it judiciously * hormone that causes plants to grow fruits - induces flowering and fruit ripening * induces genes required for ripening. * inhibits fruit ripening. * is alkenes. * is also flammable and toxic - responsible for growth inhibition, leaf abscission, and aging - an olefin - bound by a receptor that is membrane-localized - chemical compounds - combined with chlorine to make vinyl chloride - commerically important in fruit ripening - composed of two carbon atoms but only four hydrogen atoms - considered to be a plant hormone and a growth regulator - detected with a flame ionization detector - evolved from plant tissue, particularly injured and old plant tissue - gases - implicated in plant response to flooding - involved in the regulation of many processes in plants - known to induce cell death for example in the production of aerenchyma - made in the chemical industry by steam cracking - most well known for hastening fruit ripening - processed into a wide range of petrochemical products from car tyres to plastic bags - produce by fruits and vegetables and speeds up ripening - produced at a faster rate in rapidly growing and dividing cells, especially in darkness - said to function as a hormone in plants, acting to hasten the ripening of fruits - sufficient to promote perianth senescence in a number of flowers * is the first member - monomer for polyethylene and styrene for polystyrene * is used in automotive parts, cosmetics and food additives - to ripen crops at the same time - usually the primary gas responsible for pollution injury * makes fruit ripen which inhibits certain plants from maturing fully. * natural by product of the ripening process to begin with - gaseous hormone produced by flowers, fruits, and plants - hormone that is an essential part of the ripening process - occurring plant hormone that increases during fruit ripening - plant growth hormone produced by all fruits and vegetables in natural habitat * naturally occurring ripening gas. * negatively regulates local expression of plant defense lectin genes. * occurs naturally in tomato and many other plants. * planar molecule. * plant growth regulator known to alter sex expression in cucumber. * plant hormone that affects ripening and rotting in plants - causes fruit to mature - is an implicated regulator of plant growth - stress exaggerator * plays an important role in the growth and development of plants and in flower senescence. * plays multiple roles in modulating gravitropism in tomato - the gravitropic response in tomato * positive regulator of root hair development in Arabidopsis thaliana. * potent plant hormone. * promotes fruit ripening and abscission of leaves, flowers, and fruits * quickens ripening in fruits that come in contact with it. * regulates the susceptible response to pathogen infection in tomato. * ripens fruit and hastens aging in particular parts of the plant. * then acts as a hormone to regulate the ripening process. + Ethylene, How it is made: Hydrocarbons	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organic peptone * A peptone is an organic compound * Peptone agar with dextrose and ferrous sulfate. * Peptones are enzymic digests of other proteins often meat scraps - organic compounds - soluble pieces cut from proteins Organic petrochemical * Petrochemical falls into the commodity chemical sector * Petrochemicals are chemicals derived from petroleum - contaminate the groundwater from underground petroleum storage tanks - kill much of the value coal tar as a source of chemical feed stocks - pollute our water and destroy marine life<\|endoftext\|>Organic phenothiazine * A phenothiazine is an organic compound * Phenothiazines also bind plasma proteins and have high volumes of distribution - appear to correct a chemical imbalance in the brain * Phenothiazines are chemical compounds - radioopaque * Phenothiazines can cause ocular changes - diminish the effect of oral anticoagulants - interfere with thermoregulation - produce alpha-adrenergic blockade - exhibit significant plasma protein binding and have large volumes of distribution Organic phycobilin * Phycobilin is organic matter - pigment * Phycobilins absorb the green, violet, and blue light waves that can penetrate deep water. * Phycobilins are red and blue pigments found in blue-green and red algae - water-soluble and are found in the stroma or cytoplasm of the chloroplast - effectively absorb energy and are also used by scientists for cancer research Organic propylthiouracil * A propylthiouracil is an organic compound * Propylthiouracil can increase or decrease the effects of warfarin - produces agranulocytosis, which can develop rather quickly Organic pyrimidine * Pyrimidine is an organic compound - bases - chemical compounds * Pyrimidines are composed of a six-member heterocyclic ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms - effective because they inhibit tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis - just plain pyrimidines - smaller than purines, and their biosynthesis is correspondingly easier - contain one ring and purines contain two rings * Pyrimidines have single ring structures - two rings and purines have one Organic quassia * A quassia is an organic compound * Quassias are organic compounds.<\|endoftext\|>Organic rennet * A rennet is an organic compound * Rennet coagulates milk by precipitating casein. * Rennet coagulates the milk, separating it into curds and whey - comes from the stomachs of young mammals that have a diet of mostly milk - complex of enzymes required to coagulate cheese * Rennet is added after cultures and enzymes are used - to boiled, cooled milk from cows, ewes, goats, or camels * Rennet is an enzyme that reduces the time necessary to separate the liquids from the solids - enzyme, and helps break down milk proteins - derived from the stomach linings of calves * Rennet is made from the fourth stomach of calves - lining of the fourth stomach of calves - meat by-product - necessary for making cheese, because it separates the milk into curds and whey - obtained from the whole stomach lining of calves, lambs, kids, or pigs - taken from dead calves stomachs and is used to process the cheese in some way - the enzyme added to coagulate the milk * Rennet is used for cheese curing - in the curdling of milk for cheese making * Rennet is used to make cheese - milk form solids - mixture containing the active enzyme chymosin - speeds up the coagulation of casein and produces a stronger curd * Rennets are organic compounds. Organic xanthine * A xanthine is an organic compound * Some xanthines are obviously less desirable, such as caffeine. * Xanthine Is a chemical that occurs naturally in yeast, potatoes, coffee beans, tea and chocolate - affects ca and contractile responses of ventricular c ardiocytes to electrical stimulation - naturally occurring substance found in all living cells * Xanthines also prevent fat from entering the cells in the first place. * Xanthines are chemical compounds	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Organism * ALL organisms have glycolysis occurring in their cytoplasm. * All organisms absorb radiation from the ultraviolet, visible and infra-red parts of the spectrum - appear to regulate telomere tract length to a species-specific average value - are arranged in an orderly way * All organisms are capable of healing themselves - producing more offspring than there are parents - reproduction by passing on their genes - classified in scientific names and put into groups * All organisms are composed of cells and come only from preexisting cells - cells, the fundamental unit of life - one or more cells - off cells - connected to each other through feeding interactions - counted, regardless their size - derived from common ancestors by a process of branching - descendants of a common ancestor - discrete entities that interact and disperse locally - divided into five kingdoms - either single cells or arrangements of cells that function together - genetically different from all other organisms - given a generic and specific name in Latin - identical * All organisms are important in an ever changing balance of specie populations - within an ecosystem * All organisms are in battle for survival against their environment - close coupling with their environment - interdependent - like engines in that they only can operate through the consumption of energy - made from cells * All organisms are made of cells and the products of cells - or aggregates of cells - cells, and all cells come from preexisting cells - more than one cell * All organisms are made up of cells and the cell begins with atoms and molecules - small closed structures called as cells - multicellular, except yeast - part of webs that depend on one another for energy and raw materials - subject to various sources of mortality - the descendants of an ancestor - very sensitive to even the most subtle variations in molecular architecture - belong to one of three domains, A single domain can contain one or more kingdoms - belong, in essence, to the same family, living in kinship on earth - burn glucose to form during cellular respiration - can cause change in the environment in which they live - carry on respiration * All organisms carry out basic life functions in order to sustain life - chemical reactions for the purpose of energy transformation - each of the ecosystem processes to some extent * All organisms cause changes in the ecosystem in which they live - environment where they live - their environments - contain water and require that water to be relatively pure - continue their species through reproduction * All organisms depend on a food chain to obtain nourishment - abiotic factors in their environment - external energy to fuel their chemical reactions - two global food webs that are interconnected - eat and all are eaten - encounter some amount of environmental change - excrete wastes - exhibit hereditary variations * All organisms exist in an external world which is spoken of as their environment - within ecosystems * All organisms get energy from food - water and other materials from the environment * All organisms go through cellular respiration, or oxidize energy for energy - changes in appearance during their lifespan - stages of development * All organisms grow and change * All organisms have a circadian rhythm, sleep part of that cycle - complex nervous system including a brain - definite number of chromosomes - life cycle but only some organisms go through metamorphosis - life-span - tolerance level for pollutants - an effect on each other and their surroundings - direct or indirect interrelations - external parts - genes, which consist of alleles, forms of gene coding for one single trait - life cycles - long-chain fatty acids in their phospholipids - natural enemies in their environment that limit their populations * All organisms have the ability to respond and adapt to a myriad of environmental insults - self-repair - thousands of genes - to experience stress and adjust to it - influence their environments - interact with one another and are dependent upon their physical environment - keep internal conditions stable by the process called homeostasis * All organisms live by performing a wide variety of chemical reactions - in temporally fluctuating environments - make heat shock proteins, also known as chaperones, in response to high temperatures - modify their environment as a function of survival - multiply or reproduce their own kind - obey the laws of chemistry and physics - obtain food, shelter, and other resources from their habitat - operate by the same metabolic principles and share many metabolic pathways - pass through a characteristic life cycle - perform cellular respiration in some form, including dragon flies - possess elaborate DNA repair machinery to maintain the integrity of the genome * All organisms produce and excrete wastes - far more offspring than can survive to adulthood and reproduce * All organisms produce more offspring than can possibly be supported by the limited resources - can survive in the world - their environment can support - wastes and eventually die * All organisms reproduce in order to continue the species' life - to continue their species ' life * All organisms require a specific supply of mineral nutrients for proper growth - steady supply of energy to stay alive - information to function - oxygen in some form in order to survive - resources to grow, reproduce, and survive - some source of energy to maintain life and growth - very similar elements when making more of themselves * All organisms seem to be able to vary around an average type, but never far from the average - capable of orienting to gravity, even plants - sense and respond to nutrients * All organisms share a common DNA base - genetic origin - common ancestors with other organisms - store valuable genetic makeup that once lost, is gone forever * All organisms strive to pass as many genes onto the next generation as possible - survive on an individual and species level by regeneration and reproduction - take in energy and use it to perform many kinds of work - tend to increase in geometric proportion * All organisms use energy to carry out functions such as movement , defense or growth - habitat that varies across numerous scales of space and time - natural resources to sustain themselves - photosynthesis to make food - the energy in chemical bonds to carryout the processes of life - vary considerably * Any organism can experience pain and pleasure as long as it has the necessary receptors - has to keep up with any changes in their environment * Every organism One in Many - begins as a single cell - consists of parts that can be arranged in increasing levels of complexity - contains only one gene per chromosome - develops certain adaptations and so does the population or a community * Every organism has a food supply that it depends upon for life - niche- or role in the environment - range of inherited traits * Every organism has a unique body plan - ecosystem within which it lives - genetic code, called the genotype - an important to play for the functioning of ecosystem - conditions conducive to growth and replication - devices to detect gravity - name in latin - to cope with an assortment of predators and parasites - two sets of chromosomes which are copies of genetic information * Every organism is different some have more or less pairs of chromosomes - linked in some way to at least one other living thing - made of cells and every cell comes from another cell - placed into one of five kingdoms - subject to change - lives in their own environment - needs nutrients to build tissues and carry out life functions * Every organism needs to find food, which is the basis of the food chain and food web - obtain energy in order to live - operates within a cycle of rest, regeneration and action - plays an important role in balancing and stabilizing nature - takes origin from a parent organism of the same kind * Many Organisms display two of the three types described above. * Many organisms add to reef structure including algae, molluscs, sponges and worms - adhere to matter - also benefit from metabolic or biochemical changes in cold weather * Many organisms also have a pair of sex chromosomes, which differ between males and females - electron micrographs accompanying the description * Many organisms are able to adapt to many different pH levels - regulate the metal concentrations in their tissues - expensive to maintain in terms of time and labor - in a delicate balance in the vagina - omnivores with variable diets - scavengers - specialized in decomposing other organisms - benefit when predators and their competition empty out their niche - build, modify or destroy physical structures in the environment - can breathe oxygen from seawater and eat hydrogen sulfide * Many organisms can cause a paronychia - allergic type reactions such as headaches, runny nose and itchy eyes - contaminate food and water, and cause illness in humans - form mineral solids - harbor themselves without producing symptoms - only obtain their energy by feeding on other organisms * Many organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually - sexually as well as asexually - change the pH of their substrate by producing by-products during growth - create their shells out of the mineral calcite - depend directly upon seagrasses for their survival - encountered in ophthalmic endophthalmitis are low-virulence organisms - find shelter either in the roots or branches of mangroves - function at very specific levels of bioactive metals * Many organisms have body parts that have no function at all - common names - organs and systems - powerful control genes that determine how the body is laid out - protective spines, shells, or other defensive structures - similar body plans - that capacity - the ability to give rise to new individual organisms from their body parts * Many organisms live among mangrove roots - for only a few minutes in the presence of silver * Many organisms live in the soil * Many organisms live on and in the human body - the exoskeleton and other organisms are internally parasitic in crayfish - together in relationships where one depends upon the other * Many organisms make their home in the mangrove swamp - homes in the tops of trees - mimic other organisms, as an element of protective adaptation - modify or even create their own environments - neutralize their buoyancy by maintaining lightweight body fluids - only reproduce at certain times of the year, often just annually - produce solid and liquid waste * Many organisms rely on eelgrass for cover, and on both eelgrass and algae for food - sound for echolocation or for communication - reproduce asexually - require special processing in order to obtain growth - seem to be restricted to water within some range of hardness - show distinct breeding cycles - use carbon to make calcium carbonate, a building material of shells and skeletons * Most Organisms are already Well-Adapted, so any change is likely to be harmful. * Most organisms absorb food - substances - toxic substances - affect health * Most organisms are diploid - harmed by the non-toxic results of the oil being in the environment - known as animals - motile - sexual beings - still single-celled - attach to the cell linings, and have varying abilities to cause deeper tissue damage - attract predators - avoid exposure to the waves and wind by burying themselves under the sand * Most organisms become fossils when they're changed through various other means - hosts * Most organisms can become sensitized to the compound as well - do little to change the carrying capacity of their environments, but humans have - produce more offspring than are able to survive - respond to a stimulus that signals a potentially harmful event - survive if the temperature is within a certain range * Most organisms cause gastrointestinal problems - respiratory problems * Most organisms cause serious gastrointestinal problems - sickness - sleep sickness - consist of many different types of cell, each with a specific role to play * Most organisms contain a gene that regulates cell division - antigen - different antigen - many different antigen - nitrogen compounds - demonstrate the same basic needs and metabolic processes * Most organisms depend directly on others for nutrients and gases - on movement in their quest to survive * Most organisms eat dead plants - fungi - prey - several kinds of food and therefore belong to more than one chain - feed on a wide variety of plants and animals - form two different types of gametes - get their chemical energy from the food they either produce themselves or ingest * Most organisms go through asexual reproduction - incomplete metamorphosis * Most organisms grow best at or near room and body temperature - poorly, if at all * Most organisms have ability - activities - adaptive characteristics - amaze ability - appearances - bilateral symmetry - breadth - capability * Most organisms have cell membranes - nuclei - cells that are diploid , i.e. having two sets of chromosomes * Most organisms have certain characteristics - features - cilia * Most organisms have common characteristics - patterns - constraints - definite shapes - differences * Most organisms have different ecological roles - diploid stages - dispersal capability - distinct structures - exterior features * Most organisms have female organs - reproductive organs - flat shapes - general and special adaptations - growth habits - heads - indefinite growth - life stages - limits - long necks * Most organisms have low inertia - thermal inertia * Most organisms have male organs - mandibles * Most organisms have many chromosomes so there are many possible combinations - methods - multicellular stages - multiple sets of chromosomes - nuclear membranes - nucleotides - phases - phenotypes - porous membranes * Most organisms have similar appearances - single nuclei - tendencies - thin membranes - thousands of genes, and most remain unidentified - vestigial organs - wide breadth * Most organisms increase cell density - infect large intestines * Most organisms inhabit humid places - same regions - lead to conditions * Most organisms live in aquatic environments - extreme environments - fluctuate environments - hot water - humid environments - marine water - moist environments - oceans - open oceans - particular places - ponds - rivers - saltwater environments - same places - watery environments - zones * Most organisms make life - now living are descendants of a few lines of early bacteria * Most organisms obtain food * Most organisms occur in aquatic environments - areas - habitats - muddy areas * Most organisms play decisive roles - different roles - essential roles - important roles - lesser roles - vital roles - possess cilia * Most organisms produce acid - antibodies - biomass - carbon dioxide - numbers - organic acid - recognize that 'green' means hold off - remain fertile until the ends of their life spans - reproduce sexually * Most organisms require matter * Most organisms share common attributes - particular attributes * Most organisms show development - evidence - exponential growth - responses * Most organisms survive conditions - disasters * Most organisms survive for months - several weeks - harsh climates - natural disasters * Most organisms undergo diurnal migration - evolution * Most organisms use aerobic respiration - carbohydrates - digestion - extracellular digestion * Most organisms use oxygen for respiration - to make from glucose - red light - some form of sexual reproduction based on meiosis - sunlight - visible light * Some organism have two lives, a diploid and a haploid phase of their life cycle - spend most of their time in the diploid phase and others in the haploid phase * Some organisms affect energy - manatees * Some organisms also excrete gaseous waste through the respiratory system - invest a great deal of energy in mate selection and nest preparation - produce gas, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, as byproducts of fermentation - appear to be able to denitrify and remove phosphorus * Some organisms are able to survive without oxygen in the human intestine - adapted to digest different foods at different stages of life - at different levels - beyond saving because they can no longer reproduce in the wild - burrowers to avoid drying out - capable of asexual or sexual reproduction - commercially important to people, such as fish or crabs - harmful to plants and humans - heterotrophic and thus unable to synthesize their own nutrients * Some organisms are known as arthropods - insects - zooplankton * Some organisms are located in animals - dogs - squirrels - made of only one cell and are called unicellular organisms * Some organisms are made up of just one cell are called uni cellular - millions of cells - many celled and some are one celled - mere sacs full of eggs - more sensitive to changes in salt than others - observed alive while others are dead and preserved in various ways - one-celled organisms, like amoebas and bacteria - parasites, others are predators, and yet others are symbionts - sessile while others are free floating - strictly haploid - unicellular while others are multicellular - unicellular, such as bacteria, and others are multicellular such as animals - arrive on the snow through their association with animal excrement - assimilate ammonia by incorporation into amino acid glutamate * Some organisms become adults - mature adults - pests * Some organisms can change their color from drab to bright when threatened - contaminate water sources, and become airborne through humidifiers - either reproduce sexually or asexually * Some organisms can even survive high doses of radiation - use mitosis to regenerate entire body parts - exude extracellular enzymes that can act on the sequestered proteins - infect cells and interfere with their normal activities and responses - liquefy it by producing hyaluronidase - metabolize glucose to acid only - reach maturity and divide in just ten to thirty minutes * Some organisms can regenerate body parts - offspring from any part of their body - respire anaerobically when there lack of oxygen - survive for long periods of time out of water * Some organisms can survive in a wide range of conditions, and are more tolerant of pollution - environments only when their needs are met - use both aerobic and anaerobic respiration * Some organisms cause brain infection - cholera - deadly diseases - death - deterioration - diarrhea - gastroenteritis - giardiasises - human cancer - illnesses - immunity - infectious diseases - malaria - pneumonia - respiratory diseases - ringworm * Some organisms cause serious diseases - systemic infection - virus diseases * Some organisms change body temperature - consist of a single cell and others are multicellular * Some organisms consist of only a single cell, others have trillions - consume dead plants * Some organisms contain a single chromosome, and some contain multiple chromosomes - chlorophyll pigment - chloroplasts - isotopes - light isotopes * Some organisms depend on behaviors to maintain homeostasis - certain factors to trigger specific biological reactions e.g. spawning - material from dead plants and animals for food - other organisms to help digest their food - the decaying litter from a tree for food - derive food - directly invade the normal kidney, leading to acute bacterial pyelonephritis - divide in a different way, with a single parent forming an outgrowth, or bud * Some organisms do affect more than one species - undergo chromosome diminution, but probably lose few if any coding sequences * Some organisms eat animals - autotrophs - both plants and animals - herbivores - organic residues - other animals - phytoplankton - shellfishes - small zooplankton - snails - snakes - emit light continuously - employ even more radical variants of photosynthesis - enhance the growth of plants while others inhibit the growth of plants - extract water from the air, others get water from the oceans - feed at more than one trophic level * Some organisms feed on herbivores - forgo the use of light for energy production entirely * Some organisms get food - their energy from the sun, some get energy from plants - go to greater lengths still to deal with nitrogen * Some organisms grow fast, reproduce quickly, and have abundant offspring each reproductive cycle - underwater where light intensity and quality decrease and change with depth * Some organisms have abundances - attributes of both plants and animals - best shoots - brown fat - buds - cell walls - characters - chemical makeup - chromosome numbers - construction - different geographic ranges - distinct tropism - ears - endoderms - exoskeletons - external skeletons - flagella - flowers - genetic potential - hard outer skeletons - ideal temperature ranges - legs - limit ranges - locomotion - majorities - more genes than others, but all have some - no oxygen-carrying respiratory pigments, some have one type, others more * Some organisms have only one cell, while more complicated organisms are made out of lots of cells - organ tropism - organelles - ovaries - poisonous substances - proboscises - same characters - similar metabolic pathways - specific areas - strategies - structures or organs that seem to serve no useful function - suckers - tails - teeth - the potential to persist indefinitely in the human host - tubes - unique body construction - wings - imitate the protective coloration of others - increase severity * Some organisms infect animals - birds - deer - ileums - livestock - mice - pups - terminal ileums - invade tissue * Some organisms just die, apparently from some sort of metabolic disruption - love sugar or other simple carbohydrates - kill fish - lack mouths * Some organisms lead to cooperation * Some organisms live as short as one day, while some plants and fungi can live thousands of years - exclusively in the runnels, pools left by the receding tide * Some organisms live in bays - constant contact in a colony, for example colonial corals - guts - lakes - neighbouring populations - saltwaters - streams * Some organisms live on herbivores - lice - the land, and some live in the water - only in caves, where they can be located and characterized - where the is no oxygen - living in Alaska have greater concerns with a lack of snow than trashed ski bottoms - look exactly like their parents, and others look very similar * Some organisms make food - organic nutrients - own food * Some organisms make their own food and others consume other organisms for energy * Some organisms occur in abundances - nature and are only considered pollutants when found in drinking water - perish * Some organisms possess centrioles - cytoskeletons - gills - prey on or compete with disease-causing organisms * Some organisms produce antimicrobial substances such as antibiotics - calcium carbonate shells - certain compounds - chitin * Some organisms produce complex compounds - different types of eggs that hatch on different cues - food and others serve as prey - gas by fermentation and the gas ruptures the agar - genetically similar offspring through asexual reproduction - methane - offspring by splitting into pieces - organic compounds - piluses - their own sunblock - relocate - rely on the presence of organisms of a different species * Some organisms reproduce asexually and other organisms reproduce sexually - by only one type of reproduction and others can reproduce by both * Some organisms require a specific habitat at a critical phase in their life - specialized substrates * Some organisms respond by adapting - to a changing environment by moving to a new environment - seem more likely to live in one region or another * Some organisms seem to accumulate zinc - be potentially immortal - prefer wood or other cellulosic substrates * Some organisms show direct development - more plasticity than humans - phylogeny - simply match the backgrounds of their normal habitats - stay with a pressure gradient * Some organisms survive and reproduce - extinction - for time - take refuge in remnant pools - threaten livestock - undergo binary fission * Some organisms use a combination of strategies * Some organisms use chemical energy - genus - inorganic compounds - one type of gamete, and can self-fertilize - photodamage to their advantage - radiant energy - rolling as a means of locomotion - solar energy * absorb carbon via respiration or consumption * accumulate oil components from the water, sediments, and their food. * acquire toxic substances from the environment along with nutrients or water. * act to move both energy and materials through ecosystems. * adapt in all kinds of ways, including with their physiology - rapidly to regular events, whereas irregular events can continue to produce stress - so they can survive their constantly changing habitat * adapt to changes in their environments - survive the best they can in their environment * adapt to their dynamic environment using various strategies * adjust to changes in their environment. * also communicate within themselves - exchange nutrients, waste products, and gases with the environment - fossilize when they are buried in volcanic ash or entombed in tar or tree sap - have more specefic roles in certain environments - interact as parasites - use stem cells to replace damaged cells during their lifetime * appear to have reached the land from the sea by way of estuaries and rivers. * are a biotic , or living , part of the environment - product of their genetic history * are able to reproduce either sexually or asexually - survive under conditions previously thought impossible * are adapted to a certain range of factors, the extremes cause physical stress - survive in different conditions - affected by their environment in many ways * are algorithms that are incarnated in DNA molecules and in proteins - written in binary code * are also capable of liberating toxic substances - just machines - always in competition against other organisms of their own kind as well as predators - by nature active * are capable of dies - producing huge numbers of offspring - characterized as autotrophs and heterotrophs - classified according to how closely they are related * are classified based on characteristics - similiarities of structure - whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells * are classified into any particular group because they have certain common characteristics - different categories based on common characteristics - three Domains and into one of six Kingdoms of life - coherent systems, while ecosystems are noncoherent systems - commensal in cattle - complex and highly organized systems that are far from maximum entropy - composed of one or more cells - connected by an arrow that points toward the creature consuming it - continually absorbing and returning nutrients to their environments - divided into autotrophs and heterotrophs according to their energy pathways - enclosed by physical structures - exposed to an environmental stimulus that leads to an altered phenotype - frequently present in the lungs, liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes - grouped into tropic levels, divided into producers, consumers, and decomposers - heterotrophic and cells contain no cell walls - identified by their red color on acid-fast staining * are in a constant battle with entropy and when they finally lose the war, they die - competition with eachother - indicative of the substrate they inhabit - individual living things - individuals of a species - interdependent upon each other and depend on their environments * are made up of different kinds of cells and tissues - simpler units called cells - most likely to be seen in blood drawn during a febrile episode - motivated by pleasure and pain - never able to extract all of the available energy from their food - often transparent and jelly-like, with only a few coloured spots * are open systems that interact continually with their environments - to the universe because they respire, excrete waste, generate heat, etc - organized wholes - part of ecosystems - physical systems, sure, but of course they are also so much more than physics - placed in various taxonomic groups based on evolutionary descent - plastic, environ- ments rigid - products of a history of descent with modification - pyritized when they are in marine sediments saturated with iron sulfides - rare and tend to be present in the necrotic areas - referred to by their most widely accepted common names - self-causing agencies - simply well-adapted to their local environment - square or rectangular, with infinitely variable patterns * are the means used by genes to perpetrate themselves - product of millions of years of evolution - unicellular or multicellular - very good at separating isotopes and choosing one over the other - visible on smears stained with new methylene blue * become adapted to changes in the environment as a result of natural selection - the environments they live in - airborne and infect the lungs - deceased and overtime are buried quickly - isolated as a result of environmental change * belonging to the same or different species influence each other's development. * break down the soluble, readily degradable compounds. * burn food for the same reason. * can adapt genetically or rely on phenotypic plasticity to cope in the warmer environment. * can also decompose even without oxygen - enter the bladder on urinary catheters - exhibit fragmentation, regeneration, and parthenogenesis - imitate the behaviors of other organisms - obtain their energy by consuming other organisms - use chemosynthesis to attract prey or to attract a mate * can be either unicellular or multicellular - single celled or multicellular - unicellular or multicellular- virus, bacterium, fungus, plants and animals - become better adapted within their lifetime by acquiring genetic characteristics - cover every square inch of a coral reef - eat or absorb energy - get into the central nervous system by several routes - have more than one connection * can influence the modifying effects of the physical forces - pH of the soil solution * can live at high altitude , either on land, or while flying - below the surface ice - closer to water surface and eventually move onto land - only in places where their needs are met - luminesce when they are disturbed - make either an active or a passive choice when choosing a mate - often compensate to an external stress such as acidification, at least up to a point - only live in an environment that they are suited to * can only survive in environments in which their needs are met - which they can meet their needs * can only survive in environments that can meet their needs - habitats where their needs are met - persist in endosomes and endolysosomes within cells - produce more progeny than can survive - repair some of their tissues, using mitosis to regenerate new cells - share similar traits through convergent evolution or through descent - stay preserved for hundreds of years - survive in high pH ranges and have been isolated from various teat dips * can survive only in environments in which their needs are met - which their needs can be met - that meet their needs - habitats in which their needs can be met * capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. * carry two alleles for every trait. * centrally are in cytoplasm of giant cell. * change and are changed by their environment. * change as the environment continues to change - they grow through their life cycle - in response to conditions in their environment - over time - properties * cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. * collected include plankton, benthos, and nekton. * colonizing the merotope form a merocenosis. * come up with new inventions all the time to convert energy into fitness. * commonly consume, and are consumed by, more than one other type of organism. * compete for Resources - food, water, and other resources - resources such as space, water, light, food, and mates - the resources in a habitat - with each other for certain essential needs for survival * composed of different parts are subject to dissolution. * concentrate and extract elements from their environment. * consist mostly of liquid water. * constitute any living creature. * consume both solid and liquid food substances by various methods - nutrients from a variety of different sources in the food chain * contain antigen * contain many different antigen - types of cells that perform many different functions * containing gene products are valuable natural resources. * continually evolve to new and often more complex forms as they adapt to new environments. * covered include fungi, bacteria and invertebrates. * create evolution * deal with temperature extremes in ways besides simply being tough. * decompose more quickly when they are in contact with oxygen. * decrease numerically and are usually found in giant cells and histiocytes. * depend on certain habitat conditions in order to survive and thrive - inorganic and organic factors * depend on one another in other ways, too - to meet their needs - other organisms for food, shelter, protection, and reproduction - the cohesion of water molecules - upon many biotic and abiotic factors in their environment to survive * derive nourishment * desire lives. * detect, respond, and compete for resources in their physical and biological environment. * develop as result of blueprint of instructions encoded in their genes - hard parts, providing additional protection from UV and predation * die as a result of the low levels of oxygen - if surrounded by too many neighbours or by too few - more or less equally at each age interval * die, populations decline, and species become extinct. * differ in how many of the molecules in their cells they can construct for themselves - the ways they obtain energy - their character, size, nutrition, habit and habitat * display a variety of sexual life cycles - enormous fidelity in their developmental and growth patterns - heritable variations among themselves - variation among themselves * do act selfishly - struggle for survival * drift naturally in the environment. - to obtain energy and materials to build cells and body structures * eating other animals are called carnivores. * enters mouth to blood and then to kidney and placenta. * establish themselves in a new environment. * eventually die as they get older. * evolve to resist fires in regions where fire natural phenomenon - within eco-systems so that the change of one organism affects the change of others * exist in environments that vary in time and over space - to reproduce, whereas, outside religious belief, rocks and stars have no purpose * expend energy with each action, including neural activity. * fall into one of two categories depending on how they obtain energy. * feed on more than one species. * feeding on droppings find their way to browse and are unknowingly consumed by moose - the herbivores, called carnivores, occupy the next trophic level * find ways to adapt to new environments or toxic materials. * float more easily in a more viscous liquid. * follow evolutionary paths that are primarily exploitive. * form food chains and ecosystems - natural groups of more or less similar individuals * generally belong to several different food chains that are linked to form a food web - prefer to eat the most energy-rich organisms they can find * get from an initial site of infection via the blood to normal or abnormal heart valves. * give off heat, carbon dioxide, and nutrients as they consume residue - rise to others of the same type * grow and develop - reproduce by copying their genetic material, creating eggs and sperm - respond to their environment - because cells are dividing to produce more and more cells - by selecting and reassembling the materials of the medium in which they live - from birth till death - on limestone, shaping the spire shapes - up to resemble their parents * grow, change, and die over time - develop and eventually die * growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development. * grows slowly. * have a much greater range of endurance than of activity - variety of mechanisms to combat disease - an inherent capability of protecting their species through reproduction - anatomical similarities when they are closely related because of common descent - backup systems * have basic needs and can only survive in environments where their needs are met - survive only in environments in which their needs can be met - such as air, food, and water - needs, such as food, water, air, space, and shelter - behavioral responses to internal changes and to external stimuli - cellulose - codes in their genetic material telling how to make new instances - determinate growth - means of reproduction * have diploid phases - habitats, ranges, and ecological niches in ecosystems - haploid stages * have limit ability * have many common characteristics - different systems for repairing DNA lesions - distinct and unique features which they use for survival - marvelous mechanisms for detecting and repairing genetic damage * have no control over variation - time to develop resistant strains unlike antibiotic use - particular roles in ecosystems, and interact in a variety of ways - receptors, which are molecules that detect specific stimuli - ribosomes - several different organizational levels - sex cells called gametes - specific requirements for survival including specific environmental conditions - system control subsystems, while ecosystems have no role for such a subsystem * have the potential to change the abiotic composition of their ecosystem - reproductive capacity to produce far more offspring than can survive * have to be better adapted as population size increases - compete for space to grow and hold on and there is competition for food - face many environments, variable both in space and in time - have a unique niche in order to survive - make tradeoffs because the energy is finite * have two forms of nucleic acid - ways they can get behaviours - unique and diverse life cycles - various methods to control their salt intake * having gametangial meiosis are fundamentally diploid - zygotic meiosis are fundamentally haploid * here have adaptations to see and keep from being seen. * however can change in man's memory too. * immediately decrease ventilation to retain carbon dioxide - increase ventilation to blow off carbon dioxide * include algas - green plants - multicellular algas - protozoans * includes cell membranes - corpi - plasma membranes - sections - vacuoles * including shrimp to fish to whales consume phytoplankton as a means to survive. * increase in height, weight etc. to exhibit growth - size and the number of cells they possess - size, that is, grow, and also decay * infect intestines * infecting the genital tract have the easiest time of all. * influence their environment and the environment influences organisms. * inhabit habitats - specific microhabitats within the environment of a general habitat * inherit their genes from their parents - two alleles for each trait - various kinds of developmental information and cues from their parents * interact and are interdependent in various ways - in many other ways besides predator and prey * interact with one another in various ways besides providing food * interact with other organisms and the physical environment - in fundamental ways * interact with their environment in many different ways - environments, exchanging matter and energy * invade circulating erythrocytes and begin multiplying asexually. * invades as far as hilar nodes before immunologic response is triggered. * invest a considerable amount of time and energy into reproducing. * involved in fermentation include bacteria and yeast. * is dependent upon external environmental heat - internal, metabolic heat - dimorphic, grows as mold in soil and as yeast in skin - found only in humans - halophillic and needs salt to live - spherical to sub- spherical and covered by circular plates called coccoliths * keep internal conditions stable by process called homeostasis - to one group of plants for their feeding * killed by pathogens contribute organic matter for nutrient cycling. * lack chloroplasts. * learn associations between stimuli and events. - deep water - geothermally heated marine sediments worldwide - together, and affect each other's survival * live, grow and reproduce in places where, and at times when, conditions are suitable. * lives in vagina and urethra of women and urethra and prostate glad of men. * living in such extreme environments show a fascinating array of biochemical adaptations - the environment react in a variety of ways to arsenic exposure - on the fossil carbonate platforms are diverse and vary significantly with depth - there are called the pelagos - today show no relationship to organisms living billions of years ago * lose water thmugh evaporation, urinating, and by osmosis. * lower the freezing point by adding solutes, sort of like antifreeze. * made of one cell are unicellular. * maintain a dynamic equilibrium that sustains life. - or seek out sources of energy - other organisms like themselves * mature slowly, are long lived. * multiply in the intestine causing abdominal pain and diarrhea. * obtain energy in one of two ways - most calories from fats, proteins, disaccharides and polysaccharides * obtain oxygen in various ways - through diffusion, absorption, inhalation, and pores * occupy nearly all parts of the earth - specific living areas - the soil and in the intestinal tract of herbivors * often adapt to new hosts, and plant breeders seek new defenses - consume and are consumed by more than one other organism - enters thru skin lacerations - cause by bites for other pigs competing for food - evolve to mimic something else, usually for protection * often respond to their environment by changing the way they look or behave - through adaptation * only go extinct when catastrophes occur. * penetrate host cells causing necrosis. * perceive the environment and react to it. * pick up information from the environment. * placed in the same genus are least closely related. * play different important roles in an ecosystem - more than one role in an ecosystem - valuable roles * possessing chlorophyll are able to use solar energy through photosynthesis. * present a greater complexity of structure, power of adaptation, and variety of function. - many types of waste - more offspring than actually survive * produce more offspring than can possibly survive in the world - offspring that are similar to the parent or parents - only one type of gamete * produced asexually are virtually identical copies, or clones, of a single parent. * radiate away from their original environment. * range from very common to rare - viruses to bacteria, fungi, protozoans and other macroorganisms - in size from microscopic to huge whales * react to change in their surroundings. * react, grow, move, pass through phases and interact. * recognize others as members of their own species. * reflect their food source. * release carbon in the form of carbon dioxide gas by respiration - energy back into the biosphere as heat * rely on the factors for survival. * represent the combined effects of thousands of genes working in concert. * reproduce after their own kinds. * reproduce and pass along the traits from one generation to the next - traits from on generation to the next - asexually when they produce offspring without the fusion of gametes - in a wide variety of ways - less frequently - offspring of their own kind - to perpetuate the species * reproducing through binary fission grow in numbers exponentially. * require different environmental conditions during different stages of their life-cycle - energy in the form of chemical bonds - free energy to grow and reproduce - specific balances or ratios of nutrients * resemble their closest relatives more than distant relatives. * respond the changes by initiating internal chemical changes. * respond to changes and vagaries in the environment - in their external environments - elevated temperatures by rapidly inducing HSPs * respond to internal and external stimuli in their environment - or environmental stimuli - stimuli from their environment * retard the process of energy-dissipation. * return nitrogen to the atmosphere through decay. * secrete the shell in the form of scales or pieces in a gelatinous covering. * seek to maintain homeostasis at all biological levels of organization. * serve a variety of functions in the soil ecosystem. * share attributes. - characteristics of life - energy from the sun in the food web - migration patterns - differentiations - similarities in structure and development unrelated to function * so created can start, after the development phase, to reproduce. * sometimes adapt to and with other organisms. * starve to death because air and water pollution contaminates their food supply. * struggle for their survival every day and many have developed specialized adaptations. * survive climates - drought - in an ecosystem by being in a food chain or adapting to the resident food web - primarily by chance rather than some inherent superiority over other organisms - through inclement weather * swim into the funnel opening and are unable to find their way back out. * take in and transform energy to do work, including the maintenance of their ordered state - food, or nutrients * tend to be complex and highly organized - homeostatic - of low virulence * tend to have little to no parental care - longer gestation periods and developing offspring are protected - increase geometrically a - marginate at the periphery of defects - produce offspring like themselves * therefore compete with each other for the limited resources. * thrive in conditions that best meet their needs. - structural changes which are congruent with the medium in which they exist - camouflage to mask their location , identity, and movement - carbohydrates in many ways * use cellular respiration to make usable energy - energy to move, grow, reproduce, and more - kidneys * use many different resources - elements to build their structures and functions - oxidation-reduction reactions to gain and transfer energy - three different classes of redox centers in enzymes - various strategies to regulate body temperature and metabolism - water to make shells or bones * used are non-pathogenic, but can cause infection when in contact with open wounds. * usually become dormant in places hav- ing fairly uniform environments - have five basic needs * vary in a heritable fashion - different areas of the same type of biome - their degree of susceptibility to any chemotherapeutic - tremendously in there requirements for oxygen * vary, and the variations are inherited by their offspring. * view xenobiotics as another electron acceptor choice. * work together to keep their ecosystem healthy and productive. + Environment: Biology :: Ecology :: Earth sciences * Living things do not simply exist in their environment. They constantly interact with it. Organisms change in response to conditions in their environment. The environment consists of the interactions among plants, animals, soil, water, temperature, light, and other living and non-living things. + Extinction, Reasons: Evolutionary biology :: Extinction events * Darwin thought that most extinctions occurred because some organisms became more effective, and replaced their less advanced competitors. No doubt that does occur, but the view now is that environmental change is more important. Organisms become adapted to the environments they live in. The environment certainly does change, and sometimes quite dramatically. When it does, some organisms can adapt to the changes, and some cannot. The ones that cannot become extinct. + Instinct, Biological function: Psychology :: Ethology * Organisms have two ways they can get behaviours. One way is learn, by observation, and by repeating things which have a pleasant outcome. The other way is to inherit the behaviour pattern by heredity. + Motile: Physiology * An organism is called 'motile' if it can move on its own. Most organisms are motile. Organisms that cannot move themselves are called 'sessile'. * An 'organism' is a living thing. It is easy to recognise a living thing, but not so easy to define it. Animals and plants are organisms, obviously. Organisms are a biotic, or living, part of the environment. Rocks and sunshine are parts of the non-living environment. * Organisms usually have five basic needs. However, not all living things need all these at the same time. Many organisms do not need access to air at all. * Some organisms are made up of millions of cells. They are multicellular organisms. Many can be seen without using a microscope. + Permineralization, Types, Pyritization: Fossils :: Paleontology * Organisms are pyritized when they are in marine sediments saturated with iron sulfides. Raiswell R. 1997. Journal of the Geological Society'. '154', 343-356. + Reproduction: Biological reproduction * Reproduce' is to create or recreate something. In biology, the two types of reproduction are sexual and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves two organisms of the same species, each supplying half the genes for the descendant. Most bacteria reproduce by asexual reproduction. Some organisms can either reproduce sexually or asexually. + Stem cell: Developmental biology :: Cells * When an organism grows, stem cells specialize, and take specific functions. For instance, mature tissues like skin, muscle, blood, bone, liver, nerves, all have different types of cell. Because stem cells are not yet differentiated, they can change to become some kind of specialized cells. Organisms also use stem cells to replace damaged cells during their lifetime.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### organizations: Advocacy organization * Many advocacy organizations focus on a specific disability. * are organizations. * exist to monitor the rights of children and adults with disabilities. Criminal organization * attempt to manipulate political and legal systems to their advantage. * cultivate an image of omnipotence and invulnerability. Environmental activist * Some environmental activists argue that cattle-raising harms wildlife by destroying habitat. * protest the use of nuclear powered icebreakers for arctic tourism. Governmental organization * are organizations. * can be bureaucratic and typically have high overhead.<\|endoftext\|>### organizations: Military organization * Many military organizations use bunk beds. * require the sacrifice of the individual for the good of society. * use doctrine to guide their preparations for war. + Bunk bed, Use in institutions and public facilities: Furniture * Bunk beds are often used in institutions such as prisons. As well, they are often used in public facilities such as homeless shelters and bomb shelters. Bunk beds are also used in firehalls, to give firefighters a place to sleep. Many military organizations use bunk beds. Navy ships and submarines use bunk beds for the sailors to sleep in. Army barracks sometimes have bunk beds for soldiers. National organization * Many national organizations serve higher education. * Some national organizations deal with death - infant death * are organizations. * provide information. Sports team - sports organizations - teams * define whom a person is. * use economic impact numbers to help persuade cities to pay for new stadiums. Organofluorine compound * Some organofluorine compounds pose significant risks and dangers to health and the environment. * are components of liquid crystal displays. * enjoy many niche applications in materials science.<\|endoftext\|>Organotin compound * Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. * Some organotin compounds are relatively toxic, with both advantages and problems. * are more common than almost any other organometal compound - toxic, though * can affect the central nervous system. + Tin, Uses: Chemical elements :: Metals * Tin is used to coat several metals, like lead and steel. Tin plated steel containers are used to store foods. The pipes on a pipe organ are made of tin. Tin foil was used before aluminium foil. Tin was one of the first superconductors to be found. Organotin compounds are more common than almost any other organometal compound. They are used in some PVC pipes to stop them from decaying. Organotin compounds are toxic, though. ### organs: Giblet * are any of the edible internal parts of a fowl, such as the gizzard, heart, liver, and neck - part of birds * are the edible internal parts of birds, such as the gizzard, heart, liver and neck - turkey's gizzard, heart and liver * is an organs Sweetbread * are from a calf's or lamb's pancreas or thymus. * are the soft and delectable thymus glands of calves and lambs - thymus glands of veal, young beef, lamb and pork * come in two varieties. Orientalism * is quality * represents adversarial compulsion from the West. * theme that seems at once over-discussed and elusive. ### orientations: Orthodoxy * is orientations * tends to confound correctness of belief and saving faith. * views the end of physical existence only as the termination of one stage of life. ### orientations \| orthodoxy: Traditionality * also means a creative spirit which produces fresh and inventive work. * is orthodoxy Ornament * are bracelets for men and bracelets and earrings for women. * are located in lawns - windowsills * come in many different shapes and forms. * differ in type as used by men and women and by boys and girls. * includes sections. * is an artifact	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Ornamentation * consists of small cones, simple spines and a few lambda spines. * implies beauty, the giving of a pleasing appearance to an object or article. - decoration - states * seems to be extremely important to klezmer music. * sign of virtuosity. * trick to get status by exploiting peoples shallow sight. ### orphans: Foster kid * Many foster kids have to use plastic trash bags to carry their belongings from one home to the next. * are orphans - special, because they have a forest of family trees * come from homes where they've been abused or neglected. Other organism * cause problems - respiratory problems * consume matter - organic matter * eat fungi - plants * go through incomplete metamorphosis * have characteristics. * include algas. * live in environments - extreme environments - oceans - places - rivers - same places - water * make life. * occur in aquatic environments - habitats * share migration patterns * use photosynthesis.<\|endoftext\|>Outbreak * Some outbreaks kill bottlenose dolphins - mammals * are associated with contamination of surface waters with human fecal material - common among children in schools and child care facilities - happening - known to occur as a result of both temperature and environmental stress - likely to occur where people are brought close together to live or work - most prevalent during wet seasons and when animals are temperature-stressed * associate with disasters. * cause extensive tree mortality - illnesses - many more illnesses * generally occur when the spores are brought to the surface and ingested by livestock. * hit regions. * involve individuals - symptoms * is an occurrence * lead to extinction. * occur during the rainy season and disappear at the onset of the dry season - following periods of tree stress due to drought, disease and defoliation * occur in areas - colder areas where people live in crowded, unhygienic, louse-infested conditions - developing countries where sanitation is poor - nurse homes - places where people live or work in large groups - when rainfall follows a period of drought * often occur when the natural biological control is disrupted - peak in summer and fall when humans, animals and insects interact the most * provide explanations. * tend to model themselves on a template of existent illnesses. ### outbreak: Disease outbreak * Some disease outbreaks kill carabaos - result in extinction * cause mortality.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### outbreak: Epidemic * Many epidemics occur in more or less predictable cycles. * Some epidemics actually change the course of history. * An 'epidemic' disease that spreads over a large area and affects many people at the same time. Epidemics are when a disease spreads from person to person faster than doctors can control. If the disease spreads over the whole world, sometimes it is called a pandemic. * are an example of geometric progression - diseases that affect many people at once - less severe regional outbreaks that involve fewer people * are most common after heavy rains, when the mosquitoes breed rapidly - in the late winter and early spring - physical events - usually seasonal, during and shortly after the rainy season * can develop rapidly during prolonged warm, wet weather, and losses can be extensive. * can occur in any part of the world - where horses are congregated - quickly get going when the rates of infection are high - spread more rapidly * cause disruption of activities of residents, and causes reduction of tourism. * continue to emerge among new populations. * do occur in schoolchildren. * have special significance in terms of agriculture, public health and ecology. * is an outbreak * kill people and transform cultures. * occur during all seasons, but are more frequent in late winter and spring - most frequently in overcrowded populations with inadequate sanitation - when there are sudden increases in frequency above endemic levels * often coincide with school terms when there is much more close contact between children. * play an important role in the dynamics of many animal populations, including humans. * usually occur towards the end of the wet season. ### outbreak \| epidemic: Flu epidemic * happen in the winter months because that's when the virus spreads across the country. * have a tremendous potential for killing people. * kill hundreds of thousands of people a year and cause millions of cases of illness. * occur in the late fall and winter. Influenza epidemic * are four times more likely during solar maxima. * can occur any time of the year in the tropics. * is in Europe and England. * spread fast because it virus that is very contagious.<\|endoftext\|>### outbreak \| epidemic: Inhalant abuse * can also cause muscle spasms, short-term memory loss and hearing problems. * can cause numerous long and short term effects - permanent brain, liver, heart, and lung damage - severe damage to the brain and nervous system - lead to other substance abuse - result in death from the very first use * complex disease with pharmacological, psychological and social roots. * is an epidemic - deadly serious - illegal and more importantly, can cause injury or fatality - shockingly common among children and adolescents * problem that is on the rise. * starts early. Pandemic * affect employees, customers and infrastructures. * are epidemics that spread over a large area - games - global epidemics - part of south parks * cause absenteeism. * is an epidemic * occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans. * take place on a worldwide scale.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### outbreak \| epidemic: Skin cancer * All skin cancers are harmful, and malignant melanoma can be deadly if left untreated - originate in the outer layer of skin known as the epidermis * Many skin cancers develop as a new spot - occur on the face, but they can appear anywhere on the skin * Most skin cancer is caused by sun damage - preventable, and is entirely treatable if caught early - related to UV radiation, and melanoma is the deadliest kind - occurs on the face, ears, and neck - result of exposure to sun when people are young - cancers are basal cell cancers * Most skin cancers are completely curable if detected in the early stages - curable, especially if detected in the early stages * Most skin cancers are curable and treatment is improving all the time - if they are detected and treated early - easily treatable if detected early - either basal cell or squamous cell type - arer small, diagnosed early, and treated by dermatologists in their offices - develop in the epidermis - grow slowly * Most skin cancers occur on parts of the body that are repeatedly exposed to the sun * Skin Cancer can strike at any age, particularly people that hang out in the sun. * Some skin cancer is caused by growth - light - ultraviolet light - cancers can cause depigmentation of the nose. * ' is the term that is used for all bad forms of growth of the skin. In everyday use, people often talk about melanoma, but there are other forms of skin cancer, too. These are usually named after the type of cell that grows uncontrollably. Most skin cancers develop in the epidermis. Very often a tumor can be seen, so it is often possible to detect skin cancer at an early stage. Very few people with skin cancer will die of the disease. * is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer. Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers combined are more common than lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common skin cancers. The majority of these are basal cell carcinomas. These are usually localized growths caused by excessive cumulative exposure to the sun and do not tend to spread * accounts for about half of all cancer cases in the United States - half of all cancers * affects one in six people in the United States over a lifetime. * appears frequently on sun-exposed areas, such as the face and the dorsa of the hands. * are a risk faced by everyone on Earth - cancers that arise from the skin - common in albino individuals who live in sunny climes - generally symmetrical - highly treatable if found in the early stages - less common than in lighter-toned skin types - likely to recur within three years after treatment - more common, but less deadly - much larger than they appear on the surface of the skin - now the most common type of cancer - slow growing, but overwhelmingly result from sun exposure * are the most common form of cancer, and their incidence is climbing dramatically - result of thinning ozone * are usually painless and grows slowly - thicker than precancers and respond less well * are very common on the eyelid and facial skin due to chronic sun exposure - rare * arises from excessive exposure to UV light. * begin in the outer layer or epidermis. * begins in childhood. * can affect anyone, but some people are at greater risk than others - nerves, and nerves can be damaged by the cancer surgery - the ears too, and often does - also start as a flat, red spot that is rough, dry, or scaly - cause scars, and some forms of skin cancer are deadly - develop from a build-up of sun exposure over the years - form even with and after use of sunscreens due to previous UV exposure - involve the nerves in the skin - kill - look many different ways - occur at any age, but older adults are the most at risk - produce aggressive tumors, be disfiguring, and do devastating damage to the skin - take many years to form under the surface * caught early are the most treatable. * claims thousands of lives. * developing in the pigment cells is called melanoma. * develops through several stages of change. * disease in which cancer cells are found in the outer layers of the skin - cancerous cells form in the outer layers of the skin * disease in which malignant cells are found in one of the layers of the skin * enlarge slowly and steadily and can invade neighboring areas, like the eye. * feel very soft when scraped, while normal skin is hard. * has many different appearances. * is also mostly preventable - on the increase - the easiest cancer to cure, if diagnosed and treated early - among the most common kinds of malignancies in the world - occupational concern for people who work under the sun * is by far the most common cancer in the world - type, making up one-third of all new cases * is caused by excessive and long-term exposure to the sun - exposure to sun rays particularly the ultraviolet rays - long term exposure to the sun - too much sun, both long-term exposure and bad sunburns - ultraviolet radiation from the sun - mainly by excessive exposure to UV light - predominantly by rays from the sun - common more so in cats - curable and preventable - currently the most common form of cancer in the United States - exceedingly common and the incidence is rising rapidly - extremely common * is largely preventable when sun protection measures are consistently used - measures are used consistently * is linked to excessive sun exposure - repeated exposure to the sun and severe sun burns as a child * is more common among individuals with lightly pigmented skin - people with lightly pigmented skin - than any other type of cancer - likely to develop if there family history of the disease - much easier to prevent than to treat or cure - now more common than all human cancers combined * is now the leading type of cancer - most common and most rapidly increasing form of cancer in the United States * is on the rise across the world - for several reasons * is one of the cancers that is preventable and curable - common cancers found in Filipinos - easiest diseases to prevent - few cancers that can largely be prevented by following healthy sun habits - five cancers targeted - leading causes of cancer deaths in the United States * is one of the most common forms of cancer in the United States - kinds of cancer, yet one of the most preventable - types of cancer - results of humans being exposed to uv radiation - out of every three cancers diagnosed, making it the most common of cancers - particularly prevalent in South Florida - quite curable when treated early * is related to a lifetime exposure to UV radiation - to ultraviolet radiation - skin diseases - the broad term used to describe various cancers in skin tissue * is the commonest form of cancer in Ireland - easiest to detect and can be cured if detected early - fastest growing cancer in the United States - major cause of death for people in their twenties and thirties * is the most common and most rapidly increasing form of cancer in the United States - cancer and until recently lung cancer was the second most common * is the most common cancer in the United States and is one of the fastest rising cancers - type in the world today - cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic * is the most common form of cancer in Canada - cancer in humans - cancer today - cancers, accounting for nearly half of all cases - kind of cancer in the United States - neoplasm in Caucasians throughout the world * is the most common type of cancer for both men and women - cancer in the Western world * is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States - occurring cancer in the United States * is the most prevalent form of cancer - type of cancer, but is the most preventable - number one cancer in America - result of decades of exposure to the sun - uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells - treated in a hospital - uncommon in children * is very prevalent in the hotter, northern climates of Australia - serious, but also very preventable - slow to develop - treatable, particularly when found early * malignant growth on the skin - tumor that grows in the skin cells * much more deadly and much more prevalent disease than rickets. * particularly villanous condition. * problem which can be caused by or made worse by sun exposure. * takes many forms. * very real threat and prolonged exposure to the sun can cause severe skin damage. * well-known and easily prevented cancer.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### outbreak \| epidemic \| skin cancer: Malignant melanoma * Most malignant melanomas occur in the oral cavity or on the toes of affected dogs. * belong to a group of tumors that react very well to immunomodulatory therapies. * can arise de novo or from a pre-existing melanocytic nevus - be fatal - develop in the retina of the eye - present with the above symptoms and can be a serious problem - spread quickly * cancer of cells in the skin called melanocytes - the cells that produce the pigment melanin * causes six out of seven skin cancer deaths. * communicates far more information to a doctor than just the word cancer. * have one of the highest incidences of metastasis to the heart. * is also the most dangerous of type of skin cancer - an aggressive cancer with a great propensity to spread - considered to be the most severe tumor of the skin - dangerous because if left untreated, it can spread to organs within the body - excessively rare in children - less common yet needs to be mentioned due to it malignant tendency - linked to overexposure to the sun - much less common - nasty from start to finish - often asymmetrical, with blurred or ragged edges and mottled colors * is one of many types of skin cancer - the most virulent and deadly types of cancer - rare but very serious - rarer, but also more likely to be fatal if treatment is delayed * is the deadliest form of human skin cancer - leading cause of death from diseases of the skin * is the least common and most deadly form of skin cancer - the most lethal of the major skin cancers - but most dangerous form of skin cancer - but, by far, the most dangerous of the skin cancers * is the least common, but most aggressive form of skin cancer - deadly, type of skin cancer - most common malignant eye tumor * is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and can be fatal if left untreated - kind of skin cancer - type of the skin cancers * is the most deadly form of skin cancer * is the most life-threatening form of skin cancer * is the most serious form of skin cancer - of skin cancers - third most common form of skin cancer and is usually observed in adults - worst kind of cancer * is treated by surgery and sometimes by the removal of nearby lymph nodes - more aggressively than just surgical removal - very difficult to treat * much more serious form of skin cancer. * produces dense blue-black or black discolorations of the skin. * rare but very aggressive form of skin cancer. * serious type of skin cancer. * starts in the melanocytes - cells that produce pigment in the skin - melanocytes, skin cells that produce pigment in the skin * tends to occur in the light exposed areas of the face and limbs. * tumor of plasma cells that arises usually in the bone marrow. * type of cancer of the skin. + Melanoma: Cancer * It is one of the rarer types of skin cancer but causes the majority of skin cancer related deaths. Malignant melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer. According to a report by the WHO, about 48,000 people die of melanoma every year. Melanoma * occurs despite physical condition, health, complexion and family history. * occurs in every part of the country - some cases * occurs more frequently in lightly pigmented individuals - often in people with fair skin that burns or freckles easily - when pigment cells start dividing uncontrollably ### outbreak \| epidemic \| skin cancer \| melanoma: Choroidal melanoma * is diagnosed during an examination of the eye by an ophthalmologist. * is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults - type of primary intraocular tumor in adults * primary cancer of the eye. * tends to metastasize to the liver. Early melanoma * tend to be larger - uneven * tend to have a notched, irregular or indistinct border - an uneven color	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### outbreak \| epidemic \| skin cancer \| melanoma: Metastatic melanoma * indicates that cancer has spread throughout the body. * means that the tumor has spread far from the eye, usually to the liver. Nodular melanoma * are aggressive tumours and occur in a slightly younger age group - more penetrating than superficial melanomas - rare but deadly invasive melanocytic tumors - the second most common form of melanoma * arises directly in the vertical growth phase with dermal invasion. * is the most aggressive form of malignant melanoma. * tend to grow rapidly, over the course of several months. Ocular melanoma * accumulate lymphocytes with the potential to kill tumor cells. * are more malignant than dermal melanomas. * is rare, and even more aggressive than cutaneous. Giardia outbreak * are more common but much less likely to cause death. * can occur in communities where water supplies become contaminated with raw sewage. Insect outbreak * Most insect outbreaks cause extensive tree mortality. * Some insect outbreaks can injure or kill trees across widespread areas of the boreal forest - result in mortality * are a natural, major, recurring disturbance in the northern forest. Meningitis outbreak * can develop very quickly, and cases tend to happen close together in time. * tend to peak in late winter and early spring but can occur anytime. Recrudescence * are outbreaks - recurrences * commonly occurs in patients who redevelop neutropenia. * is an outbreak - common with artesunate monotherapy for under seven days - the return of original severe insomnia - when symptoms return after a symptom-free period * short-term relapse due to surviving erythrocytic parasites.<\|endoftext\|>Outcome * are consequences of behaviour - measures of changes in patient health status between two points in time - one component of health care quality * are the benefits or changes for individuals or communities - measurable changes in people, organizations, or community conditions - subdivisions of specific objectives that are the products of an institution * depend on cell cycle status - choices - immune status - upon degrees * describe the results of care or treatment. * determine truth. * have chances - effects - negative effects * measure efficiency and quality of performance. * refer to how the behavior impacts others or the environment. * result from the behavior and actions of people, groups, and organizations. * type of performance measure. * will have different effects ### outcome: Clinical outcome * is variable in prostate cancer patients with regional lymph node metastasis. * represent psychological changes, signs, or symptoms or disorders. Reward * acts to strengthen stimulus-response associations. * also help children learn good behaviors. * are attention through sound, eye contact, posture, and physical contact - blessings - offers - payments - transfers * can be a powerful way of helping children learn to behave. ### outcome \| reward: Extrinsic reward * Some extrinsic rewards are the work schedule, benefits, and time-off. * are material benefits such as salary, benefits, and perceived social status. * consist of pay raises, promotions, and other symbols of recognition. * focus on external factors, such as money, toys or candy. * reduce intrinsic interest. Honorarium * are rewards. * are, by definition, gifts to an individual. Intrinsic reward * play a crucial role in keeping good workers. * say that managers are energized by their work itself and feel passionate about it. ### outdoor activities \| logging: Salvage logging * decreases morbidity and mortality of the forest trees. * is an attempt to compromise excessive logging and controlled logging - needed after forest fires to aid ecosystem recovery Outdoor event * are prone to unexpected turns in weather. * come to life when distant trees are lit to create atmosphere.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Output * are the goods and services that people use to satisfy their wants - things which leave the factory * caching refers to the content generated by the code within the tag. * includes sections. * is divided between capital income and labor income - measured by seasonally adjusted indexes of industrial production - produced by combining inputs of capital, labor and land * is the number of homes serviced in hundreds - point where the power comes out of a system * positive voltage when a signal is present, increasing with signal strength. * refers only to electricity generation. * refers to the physical quantity of items produced - total production of diverse crops and products<\|endoftext\|>### output: Cardiac output * depends on preload, afterload and contractility. * falls due to a loss of atrial contraction. * function of stroke volume, the amount of blood the heart pumps in one beat. * good variable for showing changes in cardiovascular performance. * increases independent of basal metabolic rate in early human pregnancy. * is determined by calculating the change in temperature over the change in time - the product of stroke volume and heart rate - flow - measured during shunt catheterization * is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in a unit of time - by the heart in each minute - major determinant of oxygen supply to the muscles - volume of blood ejected by the heart in a one minute period - very sensitive to changes in body position * key hemodynamic parameter. * major determinant of oxygen uptake. * mediates the antihypertensive effect of vasopressin in spontaneous hypertension. * varies with stroke volume and heart rate. Light output * affects how well an image can be viewed and is measured in lumens. * is brightest in the center of the beam, more diffused around the edges - proportional to the radiation absorbed Urine output * decreases because of reduced glomerular filtration rate. * is lower than in other microtines. * shows the adequacy of fluid resuscitation. ### outs: Strikeout * are outs. * is an out	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### over-diagnosed disease: Hypothyroidism * affects all cells in the body and the symptoms tend to worsen over time - many systems in the body * also causes proximal muscle weakness. * can also cause fatigue - lead to menstrual irregularity and infertility in women - occur if a person has the thyroid removed due to surgery - result in immune deficiency * can be a problem, but can be treated with medication - progressive disease, requiring dosage increases over time - due to glandular failure or to failure of the pituitary gland - primary or secondary - primary, secondary and tertiary - begin and progress slowly * can cause annovulation and miscarriage - dullness, lethargy and aggression - hair loss - menstrual disorders if it develops in people of a younger age group - obstructive sleep apnea - effect hemostasis, or the ability to control bleeding * can occur at any time from infancy through adulthood - due to many causes - in anyone - spontaneously, or it can develop after treatment for hyperthyroidism * causes a slowing down of the body's metabolism. * comes in several varieties. * common complication in laryngeal paralysis cases - disease of middle age and older dogs - endocrine disease affecting dogs * condition common to several different breeds - due to the deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion - found throughout the world and is associated with low iodine intakes - in which the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are very low - resulting from under-activity of the thyroid gland - that results from an underactive thyroid * conditon in which the thyroid gland is underactive. * decreases and hyperthyroidism increases the sensitivity to oral anticoagulants. * disorder affecting the thyroid * genetic disease and is thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder. * has a myriad of physical symptoms. * improves the stress response and modifies anxiety behavior in rats. * increases serotonin turnover and sympathetic activity in the adult rat. * induces fos-like immunoreactivity in ventral medullary neurons that synthesize trh. * inhibits the onset of puberty and delays menstrual periods. * involves the production of too little thyroid hormone. * is adenosis - an over-diagnosed disease * is another cause of obesity and weight problems - possible cause of dwarfism that can be treated through hormonal therapy - at least twice as common in women as it is in men - characterized by lethargy, weight gain, and drowsiness - diseases - more common in diabetics as well as females and present as hypothermia * is more common than an overactive thyroid, and it becomes more common with age - hyperthyroidism, especially among older women - most commonly due to an autoimmune mechanism * is one of the most common causes of memory impairment - endocrine diseases seen by primary care physicians - probably more common - rare after therapy - reported to cause depigmentation occasionally * is the cause of many of the skin problems seen by veterinarians - insufficient synthesis of the thyroid hormone - more common disorder and can occur at any time * is the most common endocrine disease in dogs - of the dog - endrocine disease affecting dogs * is the most common thyroid condition - number one inherited disease of dogs in general - result from any condition that results in thyroid hormone deficiency - too little hormone - treatable with medication * is treated by giving thyroxine tablets - thyroid replacement therapy * is treated with drugs that replace thyroid hormones - medication, in tablet form, as prescribed by the doctor - oral doses of synthetic or natural hormone - underproduction or ineffectiveness of thyroid hormones - unusual following radioactive iodine therapy - very rare in cats, especially naturally occuring cases * lack or deficiency of thyroid hormone. * occurs when the gland stops functioning and producing thyroid hormone - thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones * often produces muscle stiffness, muscle hypertrophy and aching. * potential cause of a decreased period. * prolongs mitotic activity in the post-natal mouse brain. * quagmire also. * rare cause of hypermagnesemia. * requires simply the replacement of the missing thyroid hormones. * results from an inadequate supply of the thyroid hormone, thyroxine - the impaired production and secretion of thyroid hormone * seems to be linked to volatile organic pollutants - on the rise in all dogs * serious condition that is easily treated and resolved. * usually develops gradually. * very common cause of miscarriages and infertility.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### over-diagnosed disease \| hypothyroidism: Congenital hypothyroidism * can be common, genetic or periodic - due to deficiency of iodine in the mother's diet during pregnancy - endemic, genetic, or sporadic * condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive from birth. * is caused when a baby is born without enough thyroid hormone - twice as common in girls as in boys Primary hypothyroidism * refers to a thyroid hormone deficiency as a result of thyroid gland disease. * resulting from radiation therapy is associated with high cholesterol. Untreated hypothyroidism * can lead to depression - blackout periods where blocks of time is lost. * prevents optimal response to Protropin - somatrem ### overall coffee colour: Colouring * Some colourings cause allergies and hyperactivity, while the effects of many others are unknown. * can by either by tinging the whole body or by producing a surface coating - vary within a species, making it difficult to distinguish * goes from very dark to very light. * is an overall coffee colour.<\|endoftext\|>Overpopulation * also causes some rats to seek new locations - involves the unbalanced distribution of people within a given area * always solves itself in the animal world. * are populations - serious problems * can be a problem in some aquariums - cause a variety of serious problems for animals and humans * cause famine - food shortages - lonelinesses * causes numerous inconveniences to humans - the fish to grow very slowly * degrades deer food supplies. * devalues the quality of life for all pets. * has many negative impacts and leads to unemployment. * increases tensions between people and leads to intolerance and violence - the concentrations of parasites * is already the root of many of the world's crises - also a major factor in gender inequity, according to many sources - another source of stress on agricultural systems - at the root of the world's problems - only a problem for third world countries - probably the greatest problem facing our world today * is the cause of most of our most serious environmental problems - core of our environmental problem - leading cause of environmental damage in our country - main cause of famine * is the root cause of all environmental deterioration - most environmental problems - too many people for a given food supply - used by animal rights activists to push for restrictive breeding ordinances * leads to resource shortages which create larger lower classes and more starvation - two other ecological problems, lack of resources, and pollution * matter of education and scads of birth control. * myth that has no basis of truth. * occurs when numbers threaten values. * poses the greatest single threat to life on earth. * primary reason for multiple families sharing living space. * problem in Egypt - that needs to be addressed immediately * relative term. * taxes the ecosystem's resources. ### oviparous: Reproductive development * is oviparous. * slows to a halt during each winter season, and then resumes each spring.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Ownership * collective concept. * common trait of all organizations, but it is more forceful in for-profit ones. * enables individuals to trade private property. * includes the right to possess one's property, to dispose of it and even destroy it. * is about the feeling one has about something - an unnatural concept in a reality which is seen as an interconnected whole - control of property rights - defined by direct or indirect material participation in an operation - divided among a number of individuals and companies - freedom where renting implies obligation and confinement - having an equity investment - how funds are held and how an account is titled - identity - part of a married couple's or business person's dream - states * is the beginning of the steps to freedom - compensation for investment risk, setting the asymmetry straight - guarantee of nothing - right to control something * leads to accountability for success and failure where people are free to make choices. * means legal right of possession with full power and authority to control - political power * refers to the incorporation of institutions and civil classification. + Libertarianism, Property: Politics * Ownership is the right to control something. Property is the thing that you control. + Territorial waters: Law of the sea * Territorial waters', or a 'territorial sea' is a belt of coastal waters that go at most from the edge of a coastal state. The territorial sea is land of the state. Ships are let to sail on it. Ownership also extends to the airspace over and seabed below. * Ownership is needed for the development of the capitalist socio-economic system. The concept of ownership has existed for thousands of years and in all cultures. ### ownership: Car ownership * does, in fact, appear to be slightly affected by debt levels. * is one of highest in the world - therefore unreliable as a measure of poverty in rural areas * yields a greater correlation with firearms homicide than does firearms ownership. Corporate ownership * can also provide protection of personal assets from liability. * is most significant in the beef industry, particularly in northern Australia. Employee ownership * business strategy that works. * is an important tool for economic growth and restructuring business enterprises - nearly the opposite of efficient investing Firearms ownership * legal and oftentimes reasonable response to the public's fear of crime. * personal responsibility. * protection and deterrent. Foreign ownership * helps clarify private sector control that is independent of the government. * is more significant in U.S. fixed-income markets - restricted to varying degrees in civil aviation, defense, and broadcasting Fractional ownership * is one method of acquiring an expensive business aircraft at a reduced rate. * time-sharing concept where several parties own a helicopter together.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }

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