Datasets:
patrickbdevaney
/
mia9

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
text
stringlengths
0
6.44k
CL 1.090 1.050 1.399 0.036 0.028 0.042
WWB-TTI BLK 0.357 0.339 0.474 0.046 0.035 0.050
CTZ 0.514 0.474 0.674 0.030 0.024 0.037
GI 0.375 0.335 0.488 0.033 0.024 0.037
IWW 0.556 0.516 0.732 0.028 0.022 0.032
MR 0.619 0.579 0.795 0.019 0.012 0.021
PD 0.437 0.398 0.561 0.019 0.012 0.019
SRM 0.617 0.577 0.879 0.018 0.012 0.021
WWB 0.690 0.651 0.927 0.020 0.017 0.027
PIRB CI 0.213 0.150 0.235 0.026 0.021 0.034
EB 0.264 0.239 0.351 0.041 0.038 0.056
MARC 0.254 0.214 0.321 0.037 0.035 0.049
NPL 0.264 0.222 0.331 0.039 0.031 0.045
PINE 0.255 0.220 0.347 0.038 0.036 0.056
SCB 0.318 0.318 0.516 0.055 0.037 0.068
COCO 0.389 0.316 0.479 0.049 0.043 0.059
SHELF IGS 0.230 0.190 0.298 0.014 0.011 0.020
MGS 0.208 0.134 0.223 0.014 0.012 0.017
OGS 0.181 0.181 0.262 0.013 0.011 0.015
96
RECOMMENDATIONS
A century of drainage modification has altered the natural cycle of freshwater
inflows into the Biscayne Bay. Freshwater wetlands in the watershed have been
reduced drastically and transformed into agricultural or urban areas, while the
metropolitan area extended even into the bay proper. Nutrient enrichment due to urban
development has preferentially affected North BB, and agriculture has impacted WQ
especially in Central and South BB. In spite of these transformations, Biscayne Bay
waters are still oligotrophic and nurture abundant tropical and temperate fish species
and prolific benthic communities dominated by seagrass meadows and sponges
(Browder et al. 2005; Alleman, et al. 1995; Lirman et al. 2003, 2008).
Threats posed to BB ecosystems are diverse, some are natural while other are
anthropogenic, some are unstoppable (i.e. SLR) while other may be managed and/or
neutralized (i.e. sprawl urban development). Recent reports from the U.S. Global
Climate Change Science Program (Karl, et al. 2009) indicate that global average sea
level may rise more than 2 feet by 2100, while local weather patterns would change
causing significant impacts on coastal South Florida (Table 5.1). Hence, any policy or
action plan to protect BNP natural resources must be conceived within the framework of
an increasing sea level and global warming scenario. On the other hand, managing the
effects of sea level rise will require adapting human activities with policies, programs
and actions so communities, economies and ecosystems cope with climate change
(Lausche, 2009).
The following are summarized recommendations derived from the literature
synthesis and analysis of this research, intended to protect BNP natural resources
within the framework of climate change:
 Little is known regarding species responses to climate change in South
Florida. Nevertheless, ecosystem resilience and capacity for adaptation
may be improved by maintaining or restoring large-scale connectivity of
ecological networks (core areas, corridors, buffer zones and restoration
areas), especially in those areas affected by habitat fragmentation.
97
 The region nearest BNP has recently seen an enormous expansion in
urban development as former farm fields have been converted into
residential developments. Projections of considerable further development
to south Miami-Dade County are alarming in the scope and magnitude of
development planned for the Park perimeter. Coastal development is an
existing threat to the Park which will only become worse through time.
 BNP should assure the acquisition of the necessary private and public
land to make initiatives like RECOVER viable. This project is intended to
provide a more natural overland flow into BB by diverting runoff and
redistributing it through a spreader canal system into the coastal wetlands,
but will also help upstream ecosystem migration as sea level rises.
 Four tightly interconnected domains need to be protected to guarantee
sustainability of BNP resources: freshwater marshes, mangrove forest,
seagrass meadows and coral reefs.
 Especial protection should be given to ecosystems characterized by high
rates of C-fixation, such as mangrove forest.
 Maintain coral reefs and mangrove forest as natural barriers to storm
surge, and consider assisted colonization of key species
 Perform comprehensive monitoring programs including data derived from
satellite and ground observations of vegetation and faunal communities,
key indicator species, WQ, land-use and cover, climate variables, and
hydrology. Monitoring methodologies should be standardized and data
format should be compatible with regional and national databases
 Perform periodic water quality monitoring to ensure compliance with WQ
regulations within BNP and its watershed
 Contribute to the derivation and upgrading of protective numeric nutrient
criteria for both, fresh and coastal/marine waters.
 Contribute to fill knowledge gaps, especially those on effects of nutrient
enrichment on SoFlo aquatic ecosystems, by partnering research
programs with universities and research centers
98
REFERENCES
Adrian R., S. Wilhem, and D. Gerten. 2006. Life-history traits of lake plankton species may
govern their phenological response to climate warming. Global Change Biology 12: 652–
661.
Agassiz, A. 1888 Three cruises of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Steamer
"Blake" in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Caribbean Sea, and along the Atlantic Coast of the
United States, from 1877 to 1880. Bull. Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard
College, 14-:xxii, 1-314.
Akritas, M. G., Susan A. Murphy, Michael P. La Valley. 1995. The Theil-Sen Estimator with
Doubly Censored Data and Applications to Astronomy. Journal of the American
Statistical Association, North-Holland, Amsterdam. 90: 170-177
Akritas, M.G., 1994, Statistical analysis of censored environmental data: Chapter 7 of the
Handbook of Statistics, Volume 12, edited by G.P. Patil and C. R. Rao.
Alleman, R. W., S. A. Bellmund, D. W. Black, S. E. Formati, C. A. Gove, and L. K. Gulick. 1995.
An Update of the Surface Water Improvement and Management Plan for Biscayne Bay.
Technical Supporting Documents and Appendices. Ed: Mulliken, J. D. and J. A.
VanArman. Planning Department. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm
Beach, Florida.
Andersen, T., Jacob Carstensen, Emilio Hernandez-Garcıa and Carlos M. Duarte. 2009.