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isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace {s : Set α} : IsPreconnected s ↔ PreconnectedSpace s := ⟨Subtype.preconnectedSpace, fun h => by simpa using isPreconnected_univ.image ((↑) : s → α) continuous_subtype_val.continuousOn⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.SymmDiff", "Mathlib.Order.SuccPred.Relation", "Mathlib.Topology.Irreducible" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Basic.lean
isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace
null
isConnected_iff_connectedSpace {s : Set α} : IsConnected s ↔ ConnectedSpace s := ⟨Subtype.connectedSpace, fun h => ⟨nonempty_subtype.mp h.2, isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace.mpr h.1⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.SymmDiff", "Mathlib.Order.SuccPred.Relation", "Mathlib.Topology.Irreducible" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Basic.lean
isConnected_iff_connectedSpace
null
IsPreconnected.subset_isClopen {s t : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (ht : IsClopen t) (hne : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) : s ⊆ t := hs.subset_left_of_subset_union ht.isOpen ht.compl.isOpen disjoint_compl_right (by simp) hne
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsPreconnected.subset_isClopen
Preconnected sets are either contained in or disjoint to any given clopen set.
Sigma.isConnected_iff [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] {s : Set (Σ i, X i)} : IsConnected s ↔ ∃ i t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sigma.mk i '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain ⟨⟨i, x⟩, hx⟩ := hs.nonempty have : s ⊆ range (Sigma.mk i) := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_sigmaMk ⟨⟨i, x⟩, hx, x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨i, Sigma.mk i ⁻¹' s, hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap sigma_mk_injective isOpenMap_sigmaMk this, (Set.image_preimage_eq_of_subset this).symm⟩ · rintro ⟨i, t, ht, rfl⟩ exact ht.image _ continuous_sigmaMk.continuousOn
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Sigma.isConnected_iff
null
Sigma.isPreconnected_iff [hι : Nonempty ι] [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] {s : Set (Σ i, X i)} : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∃ i t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sigma.mk i '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain rfl | h := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact ⟨Classical.choice hι, ∅, isPreconnected_empty, (Set.image_empty _).symm⟩ · obtain ⟨a, t, ht, rfl⟩ := Sigma.isConnected_iff.1 ⟨h, hs⟩ exact ⟨a, t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · rintro ⟨a, t, ht, rfl⟩ exact ht.image _ continuous_sigmaMk.continuousOn
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Sigma.isPreconnected_iff
null
Sum.isConnected_iff [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set (α ⊕ β)} : IsConnected s ↔ (∃ t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sum.inl '' t) ∨ ∃ t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sum.inr '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain ⟨x | x, hx⟩ := hs.nonempty · have h : s ⊆ range Sum.inl := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_inl ⟨.inl x, hx, x, rfl⟩ refine Or.inl ⟨Sum.inl ⁻¹' s, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap Sum.inl_injective isOpenMap_inl h · exact (image_preimage_eq_of_subset h).symm · have h : s ⊆ range Sum.inr := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_inr ⟨.inr x, hx, x, rfl⟩ refine Or.inr ⟨Sum.inr ⁻¹' s, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap Sum.inr_injective isOpenMap_inr h · exact (image_preimage_eq_of_subset h).symm · rintro (⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩) · exact ht.image _ continuous_inl.continuousOn · exact ht.image _ continuous_inr.continuousOn
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Sum.isConnected_iff
null
Sum.isPreconnected_iff [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set (α ⊕ β)} : IsPreconnected s ↔ (∃ t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sum.inl '' t) ∨ ∃ t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sum.inr '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain rfl | h := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact Or.inl ⟨∅, isPreconnected_empty, (Set.image_empty _).symm⟩ obtain ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ := Sum.isConnected_iff.1 ⟨h, hs⟩ · exact Or.inl ⟨t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · exact Or.inr ⟨t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · rintro (⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩) · exact ht.image _ continuous_inl.continuousOn · exact ht.image _ continuous_inr.continuousOn
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Sum.isPreconnected_iff
null
Continuous.exists_lift_sigma [ConnectedSpace α] [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] {f : α → Σ i, X i} (hf : Continuous f) : ∃ (i : ι) (g : α → X i), Continuous g ∧ f = Sigma.mk i ∘ g := by obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ : ∃ i, range f ⊆ range (.mk i) := by rcases Sigma.isConnected_iff.1 (isConnected_range hf) with ⟨i, s, -, hs⟩ exact ⟨i, hs.trans_subset (image_subset_range _ _)⟩ rcases range_subset_range_iff_exists_comp.1 hi with ⟨g, rfl⟩ refine ⟨i, g, ?_, rfl⟩ rwa [← IsEmbedding.sigmaMk.continuous_iff] at hf
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Continuous.exists_lift_sigma
A continuous map from a connected space to a disjoint union `Σ i, X i` can be lifted to one of the components `X i`. See also `ContinuousMap.exists_lift_sigma` for a version with bundled `ContinuousMap`s.
nonempty_inter [PreconnectedSpace α] {s t : Set α} : IsOpen s → IsOpen t → s ∪ t = univ → s.Nonempty → t.Nonempty → (s ∩ t).Nonempty := by simpa only [univ_inter, univ_subset_iff] using @PreconnectedSpace.isPreconnected_univ α _ _ s t
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
nonempty_inter
null
isClopen_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : IsClopen s ↔ s = ∅ ∨ s = univ := ⟨fun hs => by_contradiction fun h => have h1 : s ≠ ∅ ∧ sᶜ ≠ ∅ := ⟨mt Or.inl h, mt (fun h2 => Or.inr <| (by rw [← compl_compl s, h2, compl_empty] : s = univ)) h⟩ let ⟨_, h2, h3⟩ := nonempty_inter hs.2 hs.1.isOpen_compl (union_compl_self s) (nonempty_iff_ne_empty.2 h1.1) (nonempty_iff_ne_empty.2 h1.2) h3 h2, by rintro (rfl | rfl) <;> [exact isClopen_empty; exact isClopen_univ]⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isClopen_iff
null
IsClopen.eq_univ [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} (h' : IsClopen s) (h : s.Nonempty) : s = univ := (isClopen_iff.mp h').resolve_left h.ne_empty open Set.Notation in
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsClopen.eq_univ
null
isClopen_preimage_val {X : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] {u v : Set X} (hu : IsOpen u) (huv : Disjoint (frontier u) v) : IsClopen (v ↓∩ u) := by refine ⟨?_, isOpen_induced hu (f := Subtype.val)⟩ refine isClosed_induced_iff.mpr ⟨closure u, isClosed_closure, ?_⟩ apply image_val_injective simp only [Subtype.image_preimage_coe] rw [closure_eq_self_union_frontier, inter_union_distrib_left, inter_comm _ (frontier u), huv.inter_eq, union_empty]
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isClopen_preimage_val
null
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClopen (h_clopen : ∀ i, IsClopen (s i)) : Subsingleton ι := by replace h_nonempty : ∀ i, s i ≠ ∅ := by intro i; rw [← nonempty_iff_ne_empty]; exact h_nonempty i rw [← not_nontrivial_iff_subsingleton] by_contra contra obtain ⟨i, j, h_ne⟩ := contra replace h_ne : s i ∩ s j = ∅ := by simpa only [← bot_eq_empty, eq_bot_iff, ← inf_eq_inter, ← disjoint_iff_inf_le] using h_disj h_ne rcases isClopen_iff.mp (h_clopen i) with hi | hi · exact h_nonempty i hi · rw [hi, univ_inter] at h_ne exact h_nonempty j h_ne
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClopen
In a preconnected space, any disjoint family of non-empty clopen subsets has at most one element.
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isOpen_iUnion_eq_univ (h_open : ∀ i, IsOpen (s i)) (h_Union : ⋃ i, s i = univ) : Subsingleton ι := by refine subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClopen h_nonempty h_disj (fun i ↦ ⟨?_, h_open i⟩) rw [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_eq_univ_diff, ← h_Union, iUnion_diff] refine isOpen_iUnion (fun j ↦ ?_) rcases eq_or_ne i j with rfl | h_ne · simp · simpa only [(h_disj h_ne.symm).sdiff_eq_left] using h_open j
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isOpen_iUnion_eq_univ
In a preconnected space, any disjoint cover by non-empty open subsets has at most one element.
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClosed_iUnion_eq_univ [Finite ι] (h_closed : ∀ i, IsClosed (s i)) (h_Union : ⋃ i, s i = univ) : Subsingleton ι := by refine subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClopen h_nonempty h_disj (fun i ↦ ⟨h_closed i, ?_⟩) rw [← isClosed_compl_iff, compl_eq_univ_diff, ← h_Union, iUnion_diff] refine isClosed_iUnion_of_finite (fun j ↦ ?_) rcases eq_or_ne i j with rfl | h_ne · simp · simpa only [(h_disj h_ne.symm).sdiff_eq_left] using h_closed j
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
subsingleton_of_disjoint_isClosed_iUnion_eq_univ
In a preconnected space, any finite disjoint cover by non-empty closed subsets has at most one element.
frontier_eq_empty_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : frontier s = ∅ ↔ s = ∅ ∨ s = univ := isClopen_iff_frontier_eq_empty.symm.trans isClopen_iff
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
frontier_eq_empty_iff
null
nonempty_frontier_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : (frontier s).Nonempty ↔ s.Nonempty ∧ s ≠ univ := by simp only [nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, frontier_eq_empty_iff, not_or]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
nonempty_frontier_iff
null
PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' [PreconnectedSpace α] (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, P x y ∧ P y x) (h' : Transitive P) (x y : α) : P x y := by let u := {z | P x z} have A : IsClosed u := by apply isClosed_iff_nhds.2 (fun z hz ↦ ?_) rcases hz _ (h z) with ⟨t, ht, h't⟩ exact h' h't ht.2 have B : IsOpen u := by apply isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.2 (fun z hz ↦ ?_) filter_upwards [h z] with t ht exact h' hz ht.1 have C : u.Nonempty := ⟨x, (mem_of_mem_nhds (h x)).1⟩ have D : u = Set.univ := IsClopen.eq_univ ⟨A, B⟩ C change y ∈ u simp [D]
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
PreconnectedSpace.induction₂'
In a preconnected space, given a transitive relation `P`, if `P x y` and `P y x` are true for `y` close enough to `x`, then `P x y` holds for all `x, y`. This is a version of the fact that, if an equivalence relation has open classes, then it has a single equivalence class.
PreconnectedSpace.induction₂ [PreconnectedSpace α] (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, P x y) (h' : Transitive P) (h'' : Symmetric P) (x y : α) : P x y := by refine PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' P (fun z ↦ ?_) h' x y filter_upwards [h z] with a ha exact ⟨ha, h'' ha⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
PreconnectedSpace.induction₂
In a preconnected space, if a symmetric transitive relation `P x y` is true for `y` close enough to `x`, then it holds for all `x, y`. This is a version of the fact that, if an equivalence relation has open classes, then it has a single equivalence class.
IsPreconnected.induction₂' {s : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] x, P x y ∧ P y x) (h' : ∀ x y z, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → z ∈ s → P x y → P y z → P x z) {x y : α} (hx : x ∈ s) (hy : y ∈ s) : P x y := by let Q : s → s → Prop := fun a b ↦ P a b change Q ⟨x, hx⟩ ⟨y, hy⟩ have : PreconnectedSpace s := Subtype.preconnectedSpace hs apply PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' · rintro ⟨x, hx⟩ have Z := h x hx rwa [nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe] at Z · rintro ⟨a, ha⟩ ⟨b, hb⟩ ⟨c, hc⟩ hab hbc exact h' a b c ha hb hc hab hbc
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsPreconnected.induction₂'
In a preconnected set, given a transitive relation `P`, if `P x y` and `P y x` are true for `y` close enough to `x`, then `P x y` holds for all `x, y`. This is a version of the fact that, if an equivalence relation has open classes, then it has a single equivalence class.
IsPreconnected.induction₂ {s : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] x, P x y) (h' : ∀ x y z, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → z ∈ s → P x y → P y z → P x z) (h'' : ∀ x y, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → P x y → P y x) {x y : α} (hx : x ∈ s) (hy : y ∈ s) : P x y := by apply hs.induction₂' P (fun z hz ↦ ?_) h' hx hy filter_upwards [h z hz, self_mem_nhdsWithin] with a ha h'a exact ⟨ha, h'' z a hz h'a ha⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsPreconnected.induction₂
In a preconnected set, if a symmetric transitive relation `P x y` is true for `y` close enough to `x`, then it holds for all `x, y`. This is a version of the fact that, if an equivalence relation has open classes, then it has a single equivalence class.
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint {s : Set α} : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∀ u v, IsOpen u → IsOpen v → s ⊆ u ∪ v → s ∩ (u ∩ v) = ∅ → s ⊆ u ∨ s ⊆ v := by constructor <;> intro h · intro u v hu hv hs huv specialize h u v hu hv hs contrapose! huv simp only [not_subset] at huv rcases huv with ⟨⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩, ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩⟩ have hxv : x ∈ v := or_iff_not_imp_left.mp (hs hxs) hxu have hyu : y ∈ u := or_iff_not_imp_right.mp (hs hys) hyv exact h ⟨y, hys, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ · intro u v hu hv hs hsu hsv by_contra H specialize h u v hu hv hs (Set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty.mp H) apply H rcases h with h | h · rcases hsv with ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨h hxs, hxv⟩⟩ · rcases hsu with ⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨hxu, h hxs⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint
A set `s` is preconnected if and only if for every cover by two open sets that are disjoint on `s`, it is contained in one of the two covering sets.
isConnected_iff_sUnion_disjoint_open {s : Set α} : IsConnected s ↔ ∀ U : Finset (Set α), (∀ u v : Set α, u ∈ U → v ∈ U → (s ∩ (u ∩ v)).Nonempty → u = v) → (∀ u ∈ U, IsOpen u) → (s ⊆ ⋃₀ ↑U) → ∃ u ∈ U, s ⊆ u := by rw [IsConnected, isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint] classical refine ⟨fun ⟨hne, h⟩ U hU hUo hsU => ?_, fun h => ⟨?_, fun u v hu hv hs hsuv => ?_⟩⟩ · induction U using Finset.induction_on with | empty => exact absurd (by simpa using hsU) hne.not_subset_empty | insert u U uU IH => simp only [← forall_cond_comm, Finset.forall_mem_insert, Finset.exists_mem_insert, Finset.coe_insert, sUnion_insert, implies_true, true_and] at * refine (h _ hUo.1 (⋃₀ ↑U) (isOpen_sUnion hUo.2) hsU ?_).imp_right ?_ · refine subset_empty_iff.1 fun x ⟨hxs, hxu, v, hvU, hxv⟩ => ?_ exact ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hvU uU (hU.1 v hvU ⟨x, hxs, hxu, hxv⟩).symm · exact IH (fun u hu => (hU.2 u hu).2) hUo.2 · simpa [subset_empty_iff, nonempty_iff_ne_empty] using h ∅ · rw [← not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty] at hsuv have := hsuv; rw [inter_comm u] at this simpa [*, or_imp, forall_and] using h {u, v}
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isConnected_iff_sUnion_disjoint_open
A set `s` is connected if and only if for every cover by a finite collection of open sets that are pairwise disjoint on `s`, it is contained in one of the members of the collection.
disjoint_or_subset_of_isClopen {s t : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (ht : IsClopen t) : Disjoint s t ∨ s ⊆ t := (disjoint_or_nonempty_inter s t).imp_right <| hs.subset_isClopen ht
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
disjoint_or_subset_of_isClopen
Preconnected sets are either contained in or disjoint to any given clopen set.
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint_closed : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∀ u v, IsClosed u → IsClosed v → s ⊆ u ∪ v → s ∩ (u ∩ v) = ∅ → s ⊆ u ∨ s ⊆ v := by constructor <;> intro h · intro u v hu hv hs huv rw [isPreconnected_closed_iff] at h specialize h u v hu hv hs contrapose! huv simp only [not_subset] at huv rcases huv with ⟨⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩, ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩⟩ have hxv : x ∈ v := or_iff_not_imp_left.mp (hs hxs) hxu have hyu : y ∈ u := or_iff_not_imp_right.mp (hs hys) hyv exact h ⟨y, hys, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ · rw [isPreconnected_closed_iff] intro u v hu hv hs hsu hsv by_contra H specialize h u v hu hv hs (Set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty.mp H) apply H rcases h with h | h · rcases hsv with ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨h hxs, hxv⟩⟩ · rcases hsu with ⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨hxu, h hxs⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint_closed
A set `s` is preconnected if and only if for every cover by two closed sets that are disjoint on `s`, it is contained in one of the two covering sets.
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_fully_disjoint_closed {s : Set α} (hs : IsClosed s) : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∀ u v, IsClosed u → IsClosed v → s ⊆ u ∪ v → Disjoint u v → s ⊆ u ∨ s ⊆ v := by refine isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint_closed.trans ⟨?_, ?_⟩ <;> intro H u v hu hv hss huv · apply H u v hu hv hss rw [huv.inter_eq, inter_empty] have H1 := H (u ∩ s) (v ∩ s) rw [subset_inter_iff, subset_inter_iff] at H1 simp only [Subset.refl, and_true] at H1 apply H1 (hu.inter hs) (hv.inter hs) · rw [← union_inter_distrib_right] exact subset_inter hss Subset.rfl · rwa [disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty, ← inter_inter_distrib_right, inter_comm]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_fully_disjoint_closed
A closed set `s` is preconnected if and only if for every cover by two closed sets that are disjoint, it is contained in one of the two covering sets.
IsClopen.connectedComponent_subset {x} (hs : IsClopen s) (hx : x ∈ s) : connectedComponent x ⊆ s := isPreconnected_connectedComponent.subset_isClopen hs ⟨x, mem_connectedComponent, hx⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsClopen.connectedComponent_subset
null
connectedComponent_subset_iInter_isClopen {x : α} : connectedComponent x ⊆ ⋂ Z : { Z : Set α // IsClopen Z ∧ x ∈ Z }, Z := subset_iInter fun Z => Z.2.1.connectedComponent_subset Z.2.2
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
connectedComponent_subset_iInter_isClopen
The connected component of a point is always a subset of the intersection of all its clopen neighbourhoods.
IsClopen.biUnion_connectedComponent_eq {Z : Set α} (h : IsClopen Z) : ⋃ x ∈ Z, connectedComponent x = Z := Subset.antisymm (iUnion₂_subset fun _ => h.connectedComponent_subset) fun _ h => mem_iUnion₂_of_mem h mem_connectedComponent open Set.Notation in
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsClopen.biUnion_connectedComponent_eq
A clopen set is the union of its connected components.
IsClopen.biUnion_connectedComponentIn {X : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] {u v : Set X} (hu : IsClopen (v ↓∩ u)) (huv₁ : u ⊆ v) : u = ⋃ x ∈ u, connectedComponentIn v x := by have := congr(((↑) : Set v → Set X) $(hu.biUnion_connectedComponent_eq.symm)) simp only [Subtype.image_preimage_coe, mem_preimage, iUnion_coe_set, image_val_iUnion, inter_eq_right.mpr huv₁] at this nth_rw 1 [this] congr! 2 with x hx simp only [← connectedComponentIn_eq_image] exact le_antisymm (iUnion_subset fun _ ↦ le_rfl) <| iUnion_subset fun hx ↦ subset_iUnion₂_of_subset (huv₁ hx) hx le_rfl variable [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β}
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
IsClopen.biUnion_connectedComponentIn
If `u v : Set X` and `u ⊆ v` is clopen in `v`, then `u` is the union of the connected components of `v` in `X` which intersect `u`.
preimage_connectedComponent_connected (connected_fibers : ∀ t : β, IsConnected (f ⁻¹' {t})) (hcl : ∀ T : Set β, IsClosed T ↔ IsClosed (f ⁻¹' T)) (t : β) : IsConnected (f ⁻¹' connectedComponent t) := by have hf : Surjective f := Surjective.of_comp fun t : β => (connected_fibers t).1 refine ⟨Nonempty.preimage connectedComponent_nonempty hf, ?_⟩ have hT : IsClosed (f ⁻¹' connectedComponent t) := (hcl (connectedComponent t)).1 isClosed_connectedComponent rw [isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_fully_disjoint_closed hT] intro u v hu hv huv uv_disj let T₁ := { t' ∈ connectedComponent t | f ⁻¹' {t'} ⊆ u } let T₂ := { t' ∈ connectedComponent t | f ⁻¹' {t'} ⊆ v } have fiber_decomp : ∀ t' ∈ connectedComponent t, f ⁻¹' {t'} ⊆ u ∨ f ⁻¹' {t'} ⊆ v := by intro t' ht' apply isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint_closed.1 (connected_fibers t').2 u v hu hv · exact Subset.trans (preimage_mono (singleton_subset_iff.2 ht')) huv rw [uv_disj.inter_eq, inter_empty] have T₁_u : f ⁻¹' T₁ = f ⁻¹' connectedComponent t ∩ u := by apply eq_of_subset_of_subset · rw [← biUnion_preimage_singleton] refine iUnion₂_subset fun t' ht' => subset_inter ?_ ht'.2 rw [hf.preimage_subset_preimage_iff, singleton_subset_iff] exact ht'.1 rintro a ⟨hat, hau⟩ constructor · exact mem_preimage.1 hat refine (fiber_decomp (f a) (mem_preimage.1 hat)).resolve_right fun h => ?_ exact uv_disj.subset_compl_right hau (h rfl) have T₂_v : f ⁻¹' T₂ = f ⁻¹' connectedComponent t ∩ v := by apply eq_of_subset_of_subset · rw [← biUnion_preimage_singleton] refine iUnion₂_subset fun t' ht' => subset_inter ?_ ht'.2 rw [hf.preimage_subset_preimage_iff, singleton_subset_iff] exact ht'.1 rintro a ⟨hat, hav⟩ constructor · exact mem_preimage.1 hat · refine (fiber_decomp (f a) (mem_preimage.1 hat)).resolve_left fun h => ?_ exact uv_disj.subset_compl_left hav (h rfl) have hT₁ : IsClosed T₁ := (hcl T₁).2 (T₁_u.symm ▸ IsClosed.inter hT hu) have hT₂ : IsClosed T₂ := (hcl T₂).2 (T₂_v.symm ▸ IsClosed.inter hT hv) have T_decomp : connectedComponent t ⊆ T₁ ∪ T₂ := fun t' ht' => by rw [mem_union t' T₁ T₂] rcases fiber_decomp t' ht' with htu | htv · left; exact ⟨ht', htu⟩ · right; exact ⟨ht', htv⟩ have T_disjoint : Disjoint T₁ T₂ := by refine Disjoint.of_preimage hf ?_ rw [T₁_u, T₂_v, disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty, ← inter_inter_distrib_left, uv_disj.inter_eq, inter_empty] rcases (isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_fully_disjoint_closed isClosed_connectedComponent).1 ...
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
preimage_connectedComponent_connected
The preimage of a connected component is preconnected if the function has connected fibers and a subset is closed iff the preimage is.
Topology.IsQuotientMap.preimage_connectedComponent (hf : IsQuotientMap f) (h_fibers : ∀ y : β, IsConnected (f ⁻¹' {y})) (a : α) : f ⁻¹' connectedComponent (f a) = connectedComponent a := ((preimage_connectedComponent_connected h_fibers (fun _ => hf.isClosed_preimage.symm) _).subset_connectedComponent mem_connectedComponent).antisymm (hf.continuous.mapsTo_connectedComponent a)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Topology.IsQuotientMap.preimage_connectedComponent
null
Topology.IsQuotientMap.image_connectedComponent {f : α → β} (hf : IsQuotientMap f) (h_fibers : ∀ y : β, IsConnected (f ⁻¹' {y})) (a : α) : f '' connectedComponent a = connectedComponent (f a) := by rw [← hf.preimage_connectedComponent h_fibers, image_preimage_eq _ hf.surjective]
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
Topology.IsQuotientMap.image_connectedComponent
null
connectedComponentSetoid (α : Type*) [TopologicalSpace α] : Setoid α := ⟨fun x y => connectedComponent x = connectedComponent y, ⟨fun x => by trivial, fun h1 => h1.symm, fun h1 h2 => h1.trans h2⟩⟩
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
connectedComponentSetoid
The setoid of connected components of a topological space
ConnectedComponents (α : Type u) [TopologicalSpace α] := Quotient (connectedComponentSetoid α)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
ConnectedComponents
The quotient of a space by its connected components
mk : α → ConnectedComponents α := Quotient.mk''
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
mk
Coercion from a topological space to the set of connected components of this space.
@[simp] coe_eq_coe {x y : α} : (x : ConnectedComponents α) = y ↔ connectedComponent x = connectedComponent y := Quotient.eq''
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
coe_eq_coe
null
coe_ne_coe {x y : α} : (x : ConnectedComponents α) ≠ y ↔ connectedComponent x ≠ connectedComponent y := coe_eq_coe.not
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
coe_ne_coe
null
coe_eq_coe' {x y : α} : (x : ConnectedComponents α) = y ↔ x ∈ connectedComponent y := coe_eq_coe.trans connectedComponent_eq_iff_mem
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
coe_eq_coe'
null
surjective_coe : Surjective (mk : α → ConnectedComponents α) := Quot.mk_surjective
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
surjective_coe
null
isQuotientMap_coe : IsQuotientMap (mk : α → ConnectedComponents α) := isQuotientMap_quot_mk @[continuity]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isQuotientMap_coe
null
continuous_coe : Continuous (mk : α → ConnectedComponents α) := isQuotientMap_coe.continuous @[simp]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
continuous_coe
null
range_coe : range (mk : α → ConnectedComponents α) = univ := surjective_coe.range_eq
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
range_coe
null
connectedComponents_preimage_singleton {x : α} : (↑) ⁻¹' ({↑x} : Set (ConnectedComponents α)) = connectedComponent x := by ext y rw [mem_preimage, mem_singleton_iff, ConnectedComponents.coe_eq_coe']
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
connectedComponents_preimage_singleton
The preimage of a singleton in `connectedComponents` is the connected component of an element in the equivalence class.
connectedComponents_preimage_image (U : Set α) : (↑) ⁻¹' ((↑) '' U : Set (ConnectedComponents α)) = ⋃ x ∈ U, connectedComponent x := by simp only [connectedComponents_preimage_singleton, preimage_iUnion₂, image_eq_iUnion]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
connectedComponents_preimage_image
The preimage of the image of a set under the quotient map to `connectedComponents α` is the union of the connected components of the elements in it.
isPreconnected_of_forall_constant {s : Set α} (hs : ∀ f : α → Bool, ContinuousOn f s → ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ s, f x = f y) : IsPreconnected s := by unfold IsPreconnected by_contra! rcases this with ⟨u, v, u_op, v_op, hsuv, ⟨x, x_in_s, x_in_u⟩, ⟨y, y_in_s, y_in_v⟩, H⟩ have hy : y ∉ u := fun y_in_u => eq_empty_iff_forall_notMem.mp H y ⟨y_in_s, ⟨y_in_u, y_in_v⟩⟩ have : ContinuousOn u.boolIndicator s := by apply (continuousOn_boolIndicator_iff_isClopen _ _).mpr ⟨_, _⟩ · rw [preimage_subtype_coe_eq_compl hsuv H] exact (v_op.preimage continuous_subtype_val).isClosed_compl · exact u_op.preimage continuous_subtype_val simpa [(u.mem_iff_boolIndicator _).mp x_in_u, (u.notMem_iff_boolIndicator _).mp hy] using hs _ this x x_in_s y y_in_s
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
isPreconnected_of_forall_constant
If every map to `Bool` (a discrete two-element space), that is continuous on a set `s`, is constant on s, then s is preconnected
preconnectedSpace_of_forall_constant (hs : ∀ f : α → Bool, Continuous f → ∀ x y, f x = f y) : PreconnectedSpace α := ⟨isPreconnected_of_forall_constant fun f hf x _ y _ => hs f (continuousOn_univ.mp hf) x y⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
preconnectedSpace_of_forall_constant
A `PreconnectedSpace` version of `isPreconnected_of_forall_constant`
preconnectedSpace_iff_clopen : PreconnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ s : Set α, IsClopen s → s = ∅ ∨ s = Set.univ := by refine ⟨fun _ _ => isClopen_iff.mp, fun h ↦ ?_⟩ refine preconnectedSpace_of_forall_constant fun f hf x y ↦ ?_ have : f ⁻¹' {false} = (f ⁻¹' {true})ᶜ := by rw [← Set.preimage_compl, Bool.compl_singleton, Bool.not_true] obtain (h | h) := h _ ((isClopen_discrete {true}).preimage hf) <;> simp_all
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
preconnectedSpace_iff_clopen
null
connectedSpace_iff_clopen : ConnectedSpace α ↔ Nonempty α ∧ ∀ s : Set α, IsClopen s → s = ∅ ∨ s = Set.univ := by rw [connectedSpace_iff_univ, IsConnected, ← preconnectedSpace_iff_univ, preconnectedSpace_iff_clopen, Set.nonempty_iff_univ_nonempty]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Data.Set.Subset", "Mathlib.Topology.Clopen", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Clopen.lean
connectedSpace_iff_clopen
null
LocallyConnectedSpace (α : Type*) [TopologicalSpace α] : Prop where /-- Open connected neighborhoods form a basis of the neighborhoods filter. -/ open_connected_basis : ∀ x, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set α => IsOpen s ∧ x ∈ s ∧ IsConnected s) id
class
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
LocallyConnectedSpace
A topological space is **locally connected** if each neighborhood filter admits a basis of connected *open* sets. Note that it is equivalent to each point having a basis of connected (not necessarily open) sets but in a non-trivial way, so we choose this definition and prove the equivalence later in `locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_basis`.
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_hasBasis_isOpen_isConnected : LocallyConnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ x, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set α => IsOpen s ∧ x ∈ s ∧ IsConnected s) id := ⟨@LocallyConnectedSpace.open_connected_basis _ _, LocallyConnectedSpace.mk⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_hasBasis_isOpen_isConnected
null
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_subsets_isOpen_isConnected : LocallyConnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ x, ∀ U ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ V : Set α, V ⊆ U ∧ IsOpen V ∧ x ∈ V ∧ IsConnected V := by simp_rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_hasBasis_isOpen_isConnected] refine forall_congr' fun _ => ?_ constructor · intro h U hU rcases h.mem_iff.mp hU with ⟨V, hV, hVU⟩ exact ⟨V, hVU, hV⟩ · exact fun h => ⟨fun U => ⟨fun hU => let ⟨V, hVU, hV⟩ := h U hU ⟨V, hV, hVU⟩, fun ⟨V, ⟨hV, hxV, _⟩, hVU⟩ => mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨V, hVU, hV, hxV⟩⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_subsets_isOpen_isConnected
null
connectedComponentIn_mem_nhds [LocallyConnectedSpace α] {F : Set α} {x : α} (h : F ∈ 𝓝 x) : connectedComponentIn F x ∈ 𝓝 x := by rw [(LocallyConnectedSpace.open_connected_basis x).mem_iff] at h rcases h with ⟨s, ⟨h1s, hxs, h2s⟩, hsF⟩ exact mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨s, h2s.isPreconnected.subset_connectedComponentIn hxs hsF, h1s, hxs⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
connectedComponentIn_mem_nhds
null
protected IsOpen.connectedComponentIn [LocallyConnectedSpace α] {F : Set α} {x : α} (hF : IsOpen F) : IsOpen (connectedComponentIn F x) := by rw [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds] intro y hy rw [connectedComponentIn_eq hy] exact connectedComponentIn_mem_nhds (hF.mem_nhds <| connectedComponentIn_subset F x hy)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
IsOpen.connectedComponentIn
null
isOpen_connectedComponent [LocallyConnectedSpace α] {x : α} : IsOpen (connectedComponent x) := by rw [← connectedComponentIn_univ] exact isOpen_univ.connectedComponentIn
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
isOpen_connectedComponent
null
isClopen_connectedComponent [LocallyConnectedSpace α] {x : α} : IsClopen (connectedComponent x) := ⟨isClosed_connectedComponent, isOpen_connectedComponent⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
isClopen_connectedComponent
null
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponentIn_open : LocallyConnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ F : Set α, IsOpen F → ∀ x ∈ F, IsOpen (connectedComponentIn F x) := by constructor · intro h exact fun F hF x _ => hF.connectedComponentIn · intro h rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_subsets_isOpen_isConnected] refine fun x U hU => ⟨connectedComponentIn (interior U) x, (connectedComponentIn_subset _ _).trans interior_subset, h _ isOpen_interior x ?_, mem_connectedComponentIn ?_, isConnected_connectedComponentIn_iff.mpr ?_⟩ <;> exact mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds.mpr hU
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponentIn_open
null
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_subsets : LocallyConnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ (x : α), ∀ U ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ V ∈ 𝓝 x, IsPreconnected V ∧ V ⊆ U := by constructor · rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_subsets_isOpen_isConnected] intro h x U hxU rcases h x U hxU with ⟨V, hVU, hV₁, hxV, hV₂⟩ exact ⟨V, hV₁.mem_nhds hxV, hV₂.isPreconnected, hVU⟩ · rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponentIn_open] refine fun h U hU x _ => isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.mpr fun y hy => ?_ rw [connectedComponentIn_eq hy] rcases h y U (hU.mem_nhds <| (connectedComponentIn_subset _ _) hy) with ⟨V, hVy, hV, hVU⟩ exact Filter.mem_of_superset hVy (hV.subset_connectedComponentIn (mem_of_mem_nhds hVy) hVU)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_subsets
null
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_basis : LocallyConnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ x, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set α => s ∈ 𝓝 x ∧ IsPreconnected s) id := by rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_subsets] exact forall_congr' fun x => Filter.hasBasis_self.symm
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_basis
null
locallyConnectedSpace_of_connected_bases {ι : Type*} (b : α → ι → Set α) (p : α → ι → Prop) (hbasis : ∀ x, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (p x) (b x)) (hconnected : ∀ x i, p x i → IsPreconnected (b x i)) : LocallyConnectedSpace α := by rw [locallyConnectedSpace_iff_connected_basis] exact fun x => (hbasis x).to_hasBasis (fun i hi => ⟨b x i, ⟨(hbasis x).mem_of_mem hi, hconnected x i hi⟩, subset_rfl⟩) fun s hs => ⟨(hbasis x).index s hs.1, ⟨(hbasis x).property_index hs.1, (hbasis x).set_index_subset hs.1⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
locallyConnectedSpace_of_connected_bases
null
Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.locallyConnectedSpace [LocallyConnectedSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] {f : β → α} (h : IsOpenEmbedding f) : LocallyConnectedSpace β := by refine locallyConnectedSpace_of_connected_bases (fun _ s ↦ f ⁻¹' s) (fun x s ↦ (IsOpen s ∧ f x ∈ s ∧ IsConnected s) ∧ s ⊆ range f) (fun x ↦ ?_) (fun x s hxs ↦ hxs.1.2.2.isPreconnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap h.injective h.isOpenMap hxs.2) rw [h.nhds_eq_comap] exact LocallyConnectedSpace.open_connected_basis (f x) |>.restrict_subset (h.isOpen_range.mem_nhds <| mem_range_self _) |>.comap _
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.locallyConnectedSpace
null
IsOpen.locallyConnectedSpace [LocallyConnectedSpace α] {U : Set α} (hU : IsOpen U) : LocallyConnectedSpace U := hU.isOpenEmbedding_subtypeVal.locallyConnectedSpace
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocallyConnected.lean
IsOpen.locallyConnectedSpace
null
LocPathConnectedSpace (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where /-- Each neighborhood filter has a basis of path-connected neighborhoods. -/ path_connected_basis : ∀ x : X, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X => s ∈ 𝓝 x ∧ IsPathConnected s) id export LocPathConnectedSpace (path_connected_basis)
class
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
LocPathConnectedSpace
A topological space is locally path connected, at every point, path connected neighborhoods form a neighborhood basis.
LocPathConnectedSpace.of_bases {p : X → ι → Prop} {s : X → ι → Set X} (h : ∀ x, (𝓝 x).HasBasis (p x) (s x)) (h' : ∀ x i, p x i → IsPathConnected (s x i)) : LocPathConnectedSpace X where path_connected_basis x := by rw [hasBasis_self] intro t ht rcases (h x).mem_iff.mp ht with ⟨i, hpi, hi⟩ exact ⟨s x i, (h x).mem_of_mem hpi, h' x i hpi, hi⟩ variable [LocPathConnectedSpace X]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
LocPathConnectedSpace.of_bases
null
protected IsOpen.pathComponentIn (hF : IsOpen F) (x : X) : IsOpen (pathComponentIn F x) := by rw [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds] intro y hy let ⟨s, hs⟩ := (path_connected_basis y).mem_iff.mp (hF.mem_nhds (pathComponentIn_subset hy)) exact mem_of_superset hs.1.1 <| pathComponentIn_congr hy ▸ hs.1.2.subset_pathComponentIn (mem_of_mem_nhds hs.1.1) hs.2
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsOpen.pathComponentIn
null
protected IsOpen.pathComponent (x : X) : IsOpen (pathComponent x) := by rw [← pathComponentIn_univ] exact isOpen_univ.pathComponentIn _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsOpen.pathComponent
In a locally path connected space, each path component is an open set.
protected IsClosed.pathComponent (x : X) : IsClosed (pathComponent x) := by rw [← isOpen_compl_iff, isOpen_iff_mem_nhds] intro y hxy rcases (path_connected_basis y).ex_mem with ⟨V, hVy, hVc⟩ filter_upwards [hVy] with z hz hxz exact hxy <| hxz.trans (hVc.joinedIn _ hz _ (mem_of_mem_nhds hVy)).joined
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsClosed.pathComponent
In a locally path connected space, each path component is a closed set.
protected IsClopen.pathComponent (x : X) : IsClopen (pathComponent x) := ⟨.pathComponent x, .pathComponent x⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsClopen.pathComponent
In a locally path connected space, each path component is a clopen set.
pathComponentIn_mem_nhds (hF : F ∈ 𝓝 x) : pathComponentIn F x ∈ 𝓝 x := by let ⟨u, huF, hu, hxu⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.mp hF exact mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨pathComponentIn u x, pathComponentIn_mono huF, hu.pathComponentIn x, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
pathComponentIn_mem_nhds
null
pathConnectedSpace_iff_connectedSpace : PathConnectedSpace X ↔ ConnectedSpace X := by refine ⟨fun _ ↦ inferInstance, fun h ↦ ⟨inferInstance, fun x y ↦ ?_⟩⟩ rw [← mem_pathComponent_iff, (IsClopen.pathComponent _).eq_univ] <;> simp
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
pathConnectedSpace_iff_connectedSpace
null
pathComponent_eq_connectedComponent (x : X) : pathComponent x = connectedComponent x := (pathComponent_subset_component x).antisymm <| (IsClopen.pathComponent x).connectedComponent_subset (mem_pathComponent_self _)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
pathComponent_eq_connectedComponent
null
pathConnected_subset_basis {U : Set X} (h : IsOpen U) (hx : x ∈ U) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X => s ∈ 𝓝 x ∧ IsPathConnected s ∧ s ⊆ U) id := (path_connected_basis x).hasBasis_self_subset (IsOpen.mem_nhds h hx)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
pathConnected_subset_basis
null
isOpen_isPathConnected_basis (x : X) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X ↦ IsOpen s ∧ x ∈ s ∧ IsPathConnected s) id := by refine ⟨fun s ↦ ⟨fun hs ↦ ?_, fun ⟨u, hu⟩ ↦ mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨u, hu.2, hu.1.1, hu.1.2.1⟩⟩⟩ have ⟨u, hus, hu, hxu⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.mp hs exact ⟨pathComponentIn u x, ⟨hu.pathComponentIn _, ⟨mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, isPathConnected_pathComponentIn hxu⟩⟩, pathComponentIn_subset.trans hus⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
isOpen_isPathConnected_basis
null
Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.locPathConnectedSpace {e : Y → X} (he : IsOpenEmbedding e) : LocPathConnectedSpace Y := have (y : Y) : (𝓝 y).HasBasis (fun s ↦ s ∈ 𝓝 (e y) ∧ IsPathConnected s ∧ s ⊆ range e) (e ⁻¹' ·) := he.basis_nhds <| pathConnected_subset_basis he.isOpen_range (mem_range_self _) .of_bases this fun x s ⟨_, hs, hse⟩ ↦ by rwa [he.isPathConnected_iff, image_preimage_eq_of_subset hse]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Topology.IsOpenEmbedding.locPathConnectedSpace
null
IsOpen.locPathConnectedSpace {U : Set X} (h : IsOpen U) : LocPathConnectedSpace U := h.isOpenEmbedding_subtypeVal.locPathConnectedSpace
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsOpen.locPathConnectedSpace
null
IsOpen.isConnected_iff_isPathConnected {U : Set X} (U_op : IsOpen U) : IsConnected U ↔ IsPathConnected U := by rw [isConnected_iff_connectedSpace, isPathConnected_iff_pathConnectedSpace] haveI := U_op.locPathConnectedSpace exact pathConnectedSpace_iff_connectedSpace.symm
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
IsOpen.isConnected_iff_isPathConnected
null
locPathConnectedSpace_iff_isOpen_pathComponentIn {X : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] : LocPathConnectedSpace X ↔ ∀ (x : X) (u : Set X), IsOpen u → IsOpen (pathComponentIn u x) := ⟨fun _ _ _ hu ↦ hu.pathComponentIn _, fun h ↦ ⟨fun x ↦ ⟨fun s ↦ by refine ⟨fun hs ↦ ?_, fun ⟨_, ht⟩ ↦ Filter.mem_of_superset ht.1.1 ht.2⟩ let ⟨u, hu⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.mp hs exact ⟨pathComponentIn u x, ⟨(h x u hu.2.1).mem_nhds (mem_pathComponentIn_self hu.2.2), isPathConnected_pathComponentIn hu.2.2⟩, pathComponentIn_subset.trans hu.1⟩⟩⟩⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
locPathConnectedSpace_iff_isOpen_pathComponentIn
Locally path-connected spaces are locally connected. -/ instance : LocallyConnectedSpace X := by refine ⟨forall_imp (fun x h ↦ ⟨fun s ↦ ?_⟩) isOpen_isPathConnected_basis⟩ refine ⟨fun hs ↦ ?_, fun ⟨u, ⟨hu, hxu, _⟩, hus⟩ ↦ mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨u, hus, hu, hxu⟩⟩ let ⟨u, ⟨hu, hxu, hu'⟩, hus⟩ := (h.mem_iff' s).mp hs exact ⟨u, ⟨hu, hxu, hu'.isConnected⟩, hus⟩ /-- A space is locally path-connected iff all path components of open subsets are open.
locPathConnectedSpace_iff_pathComponentIn_mem_nhds {X : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] : LocPathConnectedSpace X ↔ ∀ x : X, ∀ u : Set X, IsOpen u → x ∈ u → pathComponentIn u x ∈ nhds x := by rw [locPathConnectedSpace_iff_isOpen_pathComponentIn] simp_rw [forall_comm (β := Set X), ← imp_forall_iff] refine forall_congr' fun u ↦ imp_congr_right fun _ ↦ ?_ exact ⟨fun h x hxu ↦ (h x).mem_nhds (mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu), fun h x ↦ isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.mpr fun y hy ↦ pathComponentIn_congr hy ▸ h y <| pathComponentIn_subset hy⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
locPathConnectedSpace_iff_pathComponentIn_mem_nhds
A space is locally path-connected iff all path components of open subsets are neighbourhoods.
LocPathConnectedSpace.coinduced {Y : Type*} (f : X → Y) : @LocPathConnectedSpace Y (.coinduced f ‹_›) := by let _ := TopologicalSpace.coinduced f ‹_›; have hf : Continuous f := continuous_coinduced_rng refine locPathConnectedSpace_iff_isOpen_pathComponentIn.mpr fun y u hu ↦ isOpen_coinduced.mpr <| isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.mpr fun x hx ↦ ?_ have hx' := preimage_mono pathComponentIn_subset hx refine mem_nhds_iff.mpr ⟨pathComponentIn (f ⁻¹' u) x, ?_, (hu.preimage hf).pathComponentIn _, mem_pathComponentIn_self hx'⟩ rw [← image_subset_iff, ← pathComponentIn_congr hx] exact ((isPathConnected_pathComponentIn hx').image hf).subset_pathComponentIn ⟨x, mem_pathComponentIn_self hx', rfl⟩ <| (image_mono pathComponentIn_subset).trans <| u.image_preimage_subset f
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
LocPathConnectedSpace.coinduced
Any topology coinduced by a locally path-connected topology is locally path-connected.
Topology.IsQuotientMap.locPathConnectedSpace {f : X → Y} (h : IsQuotientMap f) : LocPathConnectedSpace Y := h.2 ▸ LocPathConnectedSpace.coinduced f
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Topology.IsQuotientMap.locPathConnectedSpace
Quotients of locally path-connected spaces are locally path-connected.
Quot.locPathConnectedSpace {r : X → X → Prop} : LocPathConnectedSpace (Quot r) := isQuotientMap_quot_mk.locPathConnectedSpace
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Quot.locPathConnectedSpace
Quotients of locally path-connected spaces are locally path-connected.
Quotient.locPathConnectedSpace {s : Setoid X} : LocPathConnectedSpace (Quotient s) := isQuotientMap_quotient_mk'.locPathConnectedSpace
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Quotient.locPathConnectedSpace
Quotients of locally path-connected spaces are locally path-connected.
Sum.locPathConnectedSpace.{u} {X Y : Type u} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [LocPathConnectedSpace X] [LocPathConnectedSpace Y] : LocPathConnectedSpace (X ⊕ Y) := by rw [locPathConnectedSpace_iff_pathComponentIn_mem_nhds]; intro x u hu hxu; rw [mem_nhds_iff] obtain x | y := x · refine ⟨Sum.inl '' (pathComponentIn (Sum.inl ⁻¹' u) x), ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ · apply IsPathConnected.subset_pathComponentIn · exact (isPathConnected_pathComponentIn (by exact hxu)).image continuous_inl · exact ⟨x, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩ · exact (image_mono pathComponentIn_subset).trans (u.image_preimage_subset _) · exact isOpenMap_inl _ <| (hu.preimage continuous_inl).pathComponentIn _ · exact ⟨x, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩ · refine ⟨Sum.inr '' (pathComponentIn (Sum.inr ⁻¹' u) y), ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ · apply IsPathConnected.subset_pathComponentIn · exact (isPathConnected_pathComponentIn (by exact hxu)).image continuous_inr · exact ⟨y, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩ · exact (image_mono pathComponentIn_subset).trans (u.image_preimage_subset _) · exact isOpenMap_inr _ <| (hu.preimage continuous_inr).pathComponentIn _ · exact ⟨y, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Sum.locPathConnectedSpace.
Disjoint unions of locally path-connected spaces are locally path-connected.
Sigma.locPathConnectedSpace {X : ι → Type*} [(i : ι) → TopologicalSpace (X i)] [(i : ι) → LocPathConnectedSpace (X i)] : LocPathConnectedSpace ((i : ι) × X i) := by rw [locPathConnectedSpace_iff_pathComponentIn_mem_nhds]; intro x u hu hxu; rw [mem_nhds_iff] refine ⟨(Sigma.mk x.1) '' (pathComponentIn ((Sigma.mk x.1) ⁻¹' u) x.2), ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ · apply IsPathConnected.subset_pathComponentIn · exact (isPathConnected_pathComponentIn (by exact hxu)).image continuous_sigmaMk · exact ⟨x.2, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩ · exact (image_mono pathComponentIn_subset).trans (u.image_preimage_subset _) · exact isOpenMap_sigmaMk _ <| (hu.preimage continuous_sigmaMk).pathComponentIn _ · exact ⟨x.2, mem_pathComponentIn_self hxu, rfl⟩
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
Sigma.locPathConnectedSpace
Disjoint unions of locally path-connected spaces are locally path-connected.
AlexandrovDiscrete.locPathConnectedSpace [AlexandrovDiscrete X] : LocPathConnectedSpace X := by apply LocPathConnectedSpace.of_bases nhds_basis_nhdsKer_singleton simp only [forall_const, IsPathConnected, mem_nhdsKer_singleton] intro x exists x, specializes_rfl intro y hy symm apply hy.joinedIn <;> rewrite [mem_nhdsKer_singleton] <;> [assumption; rfl]
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.AlexandrovDiscrete" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/LocPathConnected.lean
AlexandrovDiscrete.locPathConnectedSpace
null
@[to_additive (attr := simps!) /-- The path component of the identity in a locally path connected additive topological group, as an open normal additive subgroup. It is, in fact, clopen. -/] OpenNormalSubgroup.pathComponentOne [Group G] [IsTopologicalGroup G] [LocPathConnectedSpace G] : OpenNormalSubgroup G where toSubgroup := .pathComponentOne G isOpen' := .pathComponent 1 isNormal' := .pathComponentOne G
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.OpenSubgroup", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathComponentOne.lean
OpenNormalSubgroup.pathComponentOne
The path component of the identity in a locally path connected topological group, as an open normal subgroup. It is, in fact, clopen.
Joined (x y : X) : Prop := Nonempty (Path x y) @[refl]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined
The relation "being joined by a path". This is an equivalence relation.
Joined.refl (x : X) : Joined x x := ⟨Path.refl x⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.refl
null
Joined.somePath (h : Joined x y) : Path x y := Nonempty.some h @[symm]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.somePath
When two points are joined, choose some path from `x` to `y`.
Joined.symm {x y : X} (h : Joined x y) : Joined y x := ⟨h.somePath.symm⟩ @[trans]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.symm
null
Joined.trans {x y z : X} (hxy : Joined x y) (hyz : Joined y z) : Joined x z := ⟨hxy.somePath.trans hyz.somePath⟩ @[to_additive]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.trans
null
Joined.mul {M : Type*} [Mul M] [TopologicalSpace M] [ContinuousMul M] {a b c d : M} (hs : Joined a b) (ht : Joined c d) : Joined (a * c) (b * d) := ⟨hs.somePath.mul ht.somePath⟩ @[to_additive]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.mul
null
Joined.listProd {M : Type*} [MulOneClass M] [TopologicalSpace M] [ContinuousMul M] {l l' : List M} (h : List.Forall₂ Joined l l') : Joined l.prod l'.prod := by induction h with | nil => rfl | cons h₁ _ h₂ => exact h₁.mul h₂ @[to_additive]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.listProd
null
Joined.inv {G : Type*} [Inv G] [TopologicalSpace G] [ContinuousInv G] {x y : G} (h : Joined x y) : Joined x⁻¹ y⁻¹ := ⟨h.somePath.inv⟩ variable (X)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
Joined.inv
null
pathSetoid : Setoid X where r := Joined iseqv := Equivalence.mk Joined.refl Joined.symm Joined.trans
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
pathSetoid
The setoid corresponding the equivalence relation of being joined by a continuous path.
ZerothHomotopy := Quotient (pathSetoid X)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
ZerothHomotopy
The quotient type of points of a topological space modulo being joined by a continuous path.
ZerothHomotopy.inhabited : Inhabited (ZerothHomotopy ℝ) := ⟨@Quotient.mk' ℝ (pathSetoid ℝ) 0⟩ variable {X} /-! ### Being joined by a path inside a set -/
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
ZerothHomotopy.inhabited
null
JoinedIn (F : Set X) (x y : X) : Prop := ∃ γ : Path x y, ∀ t, γ t ∈ F variable {F : Set X}
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
JoinedIn
The relation "being joined by a path in `F`". Not quite an equivalence relation since it's not reflexive for points that do not belong to `F`.
JoinedIn.mem (h : JoinedIn F x y) : x ∈ F ∧ y ∈ F := by rcases h with ⟨γ, γ_in⟩ have : γ 0 ∈ F ∧ γ 1 ∈ F := by constructor <;> apply γ_in simpa using this
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
JoinedIn.mem
null
JoinedIn.source_mem (h : JoinedIn F x y) : x ∈ F := h.mem.1
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
JoinedIn.source_mem
null