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homotopyGroupEquivFundamentalGroupOfUnique (N) [Unique N] : HomotopyGroup N X x ≃ FundamentalGroup X x := by refine Equiv.trans ?_ (CategoryTheory.Groupoid.isoEquivHom _ _).symm refine Quotient.congr (genLoopEquivOfUnique N) ?_ intro a₁ a₂; constructor <;> rintro ⟨H⟩ · exact ⟨{ toFun := fun tx => H (tx.fst, fun _ => tx.snd) map_zero_left := fun _ => H.apply_zero _ map_one_left := fun _ => H.apply_one _ prop' := fun t y iH => H.prop' _ _ ⟨default, iH⟩ }⟩ refine ⟨⟨⟨⟨fun tx => H (tx.fst, tx.snd default), H.continuous.comp ?_⟩, fun y => ?_, fun y => ?_⟩, ?_⟩⟩ · fun_prop · exact (H.apply_zero _).trans (congr_arg a₁ (eq_const_of_unique y).symm) · exact (H.apply_one _).trans (congr_arg a₂ (eq_const_of_unique y).symm) · rintro t y ⟨i, iH⟩ cases Unique.eq_default i exact (H.eq_fst _ iH).trans (congr_arg a₁ (eq_const_of_unique y).symm)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
homotopyGroupEquivFundamentalGroupOfUnique
The homotopy group at `x` indexed by a singleton is in bijection with the fundamental group, i.e. the loops based at `x` up to homotopy.
HomotopyGroup.pi1EquivFundamentalGroup : π_ 1 X x ≃ FundamentalGroup X x := homotopyGroupEquivFundamentalGroupOfUnique (Fin 1)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
HomotopyGroup.pi1EquivFundamentalGroup
The first homotopy group at `x` is in bijection with the fundamental group.
group (N) [DecidableEq N] [Nonempty N] : Group (HomotopyGroup N X x) := (homotopyGroupEquivFundamentalGroup <| Classical.arbitrary N).group
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
group
Group structure on `HomotopyGroup N X x` for nonempty `N` (in particular `π_(n+1) X x`).
auxGroup (i : N) : Group (HomotopyGroup N X x) := (homotopyGroupEquivFundamentalGroup i).group
abbrev
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
auxGroup
Group structure on `HomotopyGroup` obtained by pulling back path composition along the `i`th direction. The group structures for two different `i j : N` distribute over each other, and therefore are equal by the Eckmann-Hilton argument.
isUnital_auxGroup (i : N) : EckmannHilton.IsUnital (auxGroup i).mul (⟦const⟧ : HomotopyGroup N X x) where left_id := (auxGroup i).one_mul right_id := (auxGroup i).mul_one
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
isUnital_auxGroup
null
auxGroup_indep (i j : N) : (auxGroup i : Group (HomotopyGroup N X x)) = auxGroup j := by by_cases h : i = j; · rw [h] refine Group.ext (EckmannHilton.mul (isUnital_auxGroup i) (isUnital_auxGroup j) ?_) rintro ⟨a⟩ ⟨b⟩ ⟨c⟩ ⟨d⟩ change Quotient.mk' _ = _ apply congr_arg Quotient.mk' simp only [fromLoop_trans_toLoop, transAt_distrib h, coe_toEquiv, loopHomeo_apply, coe_symm_toEquiv, loopHomeo_symm_apply]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
auxGroup_indep
null
transAt_indep {i} (j) (f g : Ω^ N X x) : (⟦transAt i f g⟧ : HomotopyGroup N X x) = ⟦transAt j f g⟧ := by simp_rw [← fromLoop_trans_toLoop] let m := fun (G) (_ : Group G) => ((· * ·) : G → G → G) exact congr_fun₂ (congr_arg (m <| HomotopyGroup N X x) <| auxGroup_indep i j) ⟦g⟧ ⟦f⟧
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
transAt_indep
null
symmAt_indep {i} (j) (f : Ω^ N X x) : (⟦symmAt i f⟧ : HomotopyGroup N X x) = ⟦symmAt j f⟧ := by simp_rw [← fromLoop_symm_toLoop] let inv := fun (G) (_ : Group G) => ((·⁻¹) : G → G) exact congr_fun (congr_arg (inv <| HomotopyGroup N X x) <| auxGroup_indep i j) ⟦f⟧
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
symmAt_indep
null
one_def [Nonempty N] : (1 : HomotopyGroup N X x) = ⟦const⟧ := rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
one_def
Characterization of multiplicative identity
mul_spec [Nonempty N] {i} {p q : Ω^ N X x} : ((· * ·) : _ → _ → HomotopyGroup N X x) ⟦p⟧ ⟦q⟧ = ⟦transAt i q p⟧ := by rw [transAt_indep (Classical.arbitrary N) q, ← fromLoop_trans_toLoop] apply Quotient.sound rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
mul_spec
Characterization of multiplication
inv_spec [Nonempty N] {i} {p : Ω^ N X x} : ((⟦p⟧)⁻¹ : HomotopyGroup N X x) = ⟦symmAt i p⟧ := by rw [symmAt_indep (Classical.arbitrary N) p, ← fromLoop_symm_toLoop] apply Quotient.sound rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
inv_spec
Characterization of multiplicative inverse
commGroup [Nontrivial N] : CommGroup (HomotopyGroup N X x) := let h := exists_ne (Classical.arbitrary N) @EckmannHilton.commGroup (HomotopyGroup N X x) _ 1 (isUnital_auxGroup <| Classical.choose h) _ (by rintro ⟨a⟩ ⟨b⟩ ⟨c⟩ ⟨d⟩ apply congr_arg Quotient.mk' simp only [fromLoop_trans_toLoop, transAt_distrib <| Classical.choose_spec h, coe_toEquiv, loopHomeo_apply, coe_symm_toEquiv, loopHomeo_symm_apply])
instance
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Ext", "Mathlib.Algebra.Group.TransferInstance", "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.FundamentalGroup", "Mathlib.GroupTheory.EckmannHilton" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HomotopyGroup.lean
commGroup
Multiplication on `HomotopyGroup N X x` is commutative for nontrivial `N`. In particular, multiplication on `π_(n+2)` is commutative.
HSpace (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] where hmul : C(X × X, X) e : X hmul_e_e : hmul (e, e) = e eHmul : (hmul.comp <| (const X e).prodMk <| ContinuousMap.id X).HomotopyRel (ContinuousMap.id X) {e} hmulE : (hmul.comp <| (ContinuousMap.id X).prodMk <| const X e).HomotopyRel (ContinuousMap.id X) {e}
class
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
HSpace
A topological space `X` is an H-space if it behaves like a (potentially non-associative) topological group, but where the axioms for a group only hold up to homotopy.
@[to_additive /-- The definition `toHSpace` is not an instance because it comes together with a multiplicative version which would lead to a diamond since a topological field would inherit two `HSpace` structures, one from the `MulOneClass` and one from the `AddZeroClass`. In the case of an additive group, we make `IsTopologicalAddGroup.hSpace` an instance. -/] toHSpace (M : Type u) [MulOneClass M] [TopologicalSpace M] [ContinuousMul M] : HSpace M where hmul := ⟨Function.uncurry Mul.mul, continuous_mul⟩ e := 1 hmul_e_e := one_mul 1 eHmul := (HomotopyRel.refl _ _).cast rfl (by ext1; apply one_mul) hmulE := (HomotopyRel.refl _ _).cast rfl (by ext1; apply mul_one) @[to_additive]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
toHSpace
The binary operation `hmul` on an `H`-space -/ scoped[HSpaces] notation x "⋀" y => HSpace.hmul (x, y) open HSpaces instance HSpace.prod (X : Type u) (Y : Type v) [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [HSpace X] [HSpace Y] : HSpace (X × Y) where hmul := ⟨fun p => (p.1.1 ⋀ p.2.1, p.1.2 ⋀ p.2.2), by fun_prop⟩ e := (HSpace.e, HSpace.e) hmul_e_e := by simp only [ContinuousMap.coe_mk, Prod.mk_inj] exact ⟨HSpace.hmul_e_e, HSpace.hmul_e_e⟩ eHmul := by let G : I × X × Y → X × Y := fun p => (HSpace.eHmul (p.1, p.2.1), HSpace.eHmul (p.1, p.2.2)) have hG : Continuous G := by fun_prop use! ⟨G, hG⟩ · rintro ⟨x, y⟩ exact Prod.ext (HSpace.eHmul.1.2 x) (HSpace.eHmul.1.2 y) · rintro ⟨x, y⟩ exact Prod.ext (HSpace.eHmul.1.3 x) (HSpace.eHmul.1.3 y) · rintro t ⟨x, y⟩ h replace h := Prod.mk_inj.mp h exact Prod.ext (HSpace.eHmul.2 t x h.1) (HSpace.eHmul.2 t y h.2) hmulE := by let G : I × X × Y → X × Y := fun p => (HSpace.hmulE (p.1, p.2.1), HSpace.hmulE (p.1, p.2.2)) have hG : Continuous G := by fun_prop use! ⟨G, hG⟩ · rintro ⟨x, y⟩ exact Prod.ext (HSpace.hmulE.1.2 x) (HSpace.hmulE.1.2 y) · rintro ⟨x, y⟩ exact Prod.ext (HSpace.hmulE.1.3 x) (HSpace.hmulE.1.3 y) · rintro t ⟨x, y⟩ h replace h := Prod.mk_inj.mp h exact Prod.ext (HSpace.hmulE.2 t x h.1) (HSpace.hmulE.2 t y h.2) namespace IsTopologicalGroup /-- The definition `toHSpace` is not an instance because its additive version would lead to a diamond since a topological field would inherit two `HSpace` structures, one from the `MulOneClass` and one from the `AddZeroClass`. In the case of a group, we make `IsTopologicalGroup.hSpace` an instance."
one_eq_hSpace_e {G : Type u} [TopologicalSpace G] [Group G] [IsTopologicalGroup G] : (1 : G) = HSpace.e := rfl /- In the following example we see that the H-space structure on the product of two topological groups is definitionally equally to the product H-space-structure of the two groups. -/
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
one_eq_hSpace_e
null
qRight (p : I × I) : I := Set.projIcc 0 1 zero_le_one (2 * p.1 / (1 + p.2)) @[fun_prop]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
qRight
`qRight` is analogous to the function `Q` defined on p. 475 of [serre1951] that helps proving continuity of `delayReflRight`.
continuous_qRight : Continuous qRight := continuous_projIcc.comp <| Continuous.div (by fun_prop) (by fun_prop) fun _ ↦ (add_pos zero_lt_one).ne'
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
continuous_qRight
null
qRight_zero_left (θ : I) : qRight (0, θ) = 0 := Set.projIcc_of_le_left _ <| by simp only [coe_zero, mul_zero, zero_div, le_refl]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
qRight_zero_left
null
qRight_one_left (θ : I) : qRight (1, θ) = 1 := Set.projIcc_of_right_le _ <| (le_div_iff₀ <| add_pos zero_lt_one).2 <| by dsimp only rw [coe_one, one_mul, mul_one, add_comm, ← one_add_one_eq_two] simp only [add_le_add_iff_right] exact le_one _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
qRight_one_left
null
qRight_zero_right (t : I) : (qRight (t, 0) : ℝ) = if (t : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2 then (2 : ℝ) * t else 1 := by simp only [qRight, coe_zero, add_zero, div_one] split_ifs · rw [Set.projIcc_of_mem _ ((mul_pos_mem_iff zero_lt_two).2 _)] refine ⟨t.2.1, ?_⟩ tauto · rw [(Set.projIcc_eq_right _).2] · linarith · exact zero_lt_one
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
qRight_zero_right
null
qRight_one_right (t : I) : qRight (t, 1) = t := Eq.trans (by rw [qRight]; norm_num) <| Set.projIcc_val zero_le_one _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
qRight_one_right
null
delayReflRight (θ : I) (γ : Path x y) : Path x y where toFun t := γ (qRight (t, θ)) continuous_toFun := by fun_prop source' := by rw [qRight_zero_left, γ.source] target' := by rw [qRight_one_left, γ.target]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflRight
This is the function analogous to the one on p. 475 of [serre1951], defining a homotopy from the product path `γ ∧ e` to `γ`.
continuous_delayReflRight : Continuous fun p : I × Path x y => delayReflRight p.1 p.2 := continuous_uncurry_iff.mp <| (continuous_snd.comp continuous_fst).eval <| continuous_qRight.comp <| continuous_snd.prodMk <| continuous_fst.comp continuous_fst
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
continuous_delayReflRight
null
delayReflRight_zero (γ : Path x y) : delayReflRight 0 γ = γ.trans (Path.refl y) := by ext t simp only [delayReflRight, trans_apply, Path.coe_mk_mk, refl_apply] split_ifs with h; swap on_goal 1 => conv_rhs => rw [← γ.target] all_goals apply congr_arg γ; ext1; rw [qRight_zero_right] exacts [if_neg h, if_pos h]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflRight_zero
null
delayReflRight_one (γ : Path x y) : delayReflRight 1 γ = γ := by ext t exact congr_arg γ (qRight_one_right t)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflRight_one
null
delayReflLeft (θ : I) (γ : Path x y) : Path x y := (delayReflRight θ γ.symm).symm
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflLeft
This is the function on p. 475 of [serre1951], defining a homotopy from a path `γ` to the product path `e ∧ γ`.
continuous_delayReflLeft : Continuous fun p : I × Path x y => delayReflLeft p.1 p.2 := Path.continuous_symm.comp <| continuous_delayReflRight.comp <| continuous_fst.prodMk <| Path.continuous_symm.comp continuous_snd
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
continuous_delayReflLeft
null
delayReflLeft_zero (γ : Path x y) : delayReflLeft 0 γ = (Path.refl x).trans γ := by simp only [delayReflLeft, delayReflRight_zero, trans_symm, refl_symm, Path.symm_symm]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflLeft_zero
null
delayReflLeft_one (γ : Path x y) : delayReflLeft 1 γ = γ := by simp only [delayReflLeft, delayReflRight_one, Path.symm_symm]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/HSpaces.lean
delayReflLeft_one
null
exists_lift_nhds {f : C(I × A, X)} {g : I × A → E} (g_lifts : p ∘ g = f) (cont_0 : Continuous (g ⟨0, ·⟩)) (a : A) (cont_a : Continuous (g ⟨·, a⟩)) : ∃ N ∈ 𝓝 a, ∃ g' : I × A → E, ContinuousOn g' (Set.univ ×ˢ N) ∧ p ∘ g' = f ∧ (∀ a, g' (0, a) = g (0, a)) ∧ ∀ t, g' (t, a) = g (t, a) := by choose q mem_source hpq using homeo /- Using the hypothesis `cont_a`, we partition the unit interval so that for each subinterval `[tₙ, tₙ₊₁]`, the image `g ([tₙ, tₙ₊₁] × {a})` is contained in the domain of some local homeomorphism `q e`. -/ obtain ⟨t, t_0, t_mono, ⟨n_max, h_max⟩, t_sub⟩ := exists_monotone_Icc_subset_open_cover_unitInterval (fun e ↦ (q e).open_source.preimage cont_a) fun t _ ↦ Set.mem_iUnion.mpr ⟨g (t, a), mem_source _⟩ /- We aim to inductively prove the existence of Nₙ and g' continuous on [0, tₙ] × Nₙ for each n, and get the desired result by taking some n with tₙ = 1. -/ suffices ∀ n, ∃ N, a ∈ N ∧ IsOpen N ∧ ∃ g' : I × A → E, ContinuousOn g' (Set.Icc 0 (t n) ×ˢ N) ∧ p ∘ g' = f ∧ (∀ a, g' (0, a) = g (0, a)) ∧ ∀ t' ≤ t n, g' (t', a) = g (t', a) by obtain ⟨N, haN, N_open, hN⟩ := this n_max simp_rw [h_max _ le_rfl] at hN refine ⟨N, N_open.mem_nhds haN, ?_⟩; convert hN · rw [eq_comm, Set.eq_univ_iff_forall]; exact fun t ↦ ⟨bot_le, le_top⟩ · rw [imp_iff_right]; exact le_top refine Nat.rec ⟨_, Set.mem_univ a, isOpen_univ, g, ?_, g_lifts, fun a ↦ rfl, fun _ _ ↦ rfl⟩ (fun n ⟨N, haN, N_open, g', cont_g', g'_lifts, g'_0, g'_a⟩ ↦ ?_) · -- the n = 0 case is covered by the hypothesis cont_0. refine (cont_0.comp continuous_snd).continuousOn.congr (fun ta ⟨ht, _⟩ ↦ ?_) rw [t_0, Set.Icc_self, Set.mem_singleton_iff] at ht; rw [← ta.eta, ht]; rfl /- Since g ([tₙ, tₙ₊₁] × {a}) is contained in the domain of some local homeomorphism `q e` and g lifts f, f ([tₙ, tₙ₊₁] × {a}) is contained in the codomain (`target`) of `q e`. -/ obtain ⟨e, h_sub⟩ := t_sub n have : Set.Icc (t n) (t (n + 1)) ×ˢ {a} ⊆ f ⁻¹' (q e).target := by rintro ⟨t0, a'⟩ ⟨ht, ha⟩ rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff] at ha; dsimp only at ha rw [← g_lifts, hpq e, ha] exact (q e).map_source (h_sub ht) /- Using compactness of [tₙ, tₙ₊₁], we can find a neighborhood v of a such that f ([tₙ, tₙ₊₁] × v) is contained in the codomain of `q e`. -/ obtain ⟨u, v, -, v_open, hu, hav, huv⟩ := generalized_tube_lemma isClosed_Icc.isCompact isCompact_singleton ((q e).open_target.preimage f.continuous) this classical /- Use the inverse of `q e` to extend g' from [0, tₙ] × Nₙ₊₁ to [0, tₙ₊₁] × Nₙ₊₁, where Nₙ₊₁ ⊆ v ∩ Nₙ is such that {tₙ} × Nₙ₊₁ is mapped to the domain (`source`) of `q e` by `g'`. -/ refine ⟨_, ?_, v_open.inter <| (cont_g'.comp (Continuous.prodMk_right <| t n).continuousOn fun a ha ↦ ⟨?_, ha⟩).isOpen_inter_preimage N_open (q e).open_source, fun ta ↦ if ta.1 ≤ t n then g' ta else if f ta ∈ (q e).target then (q e).symm (f ta) else g ta, .if (fun ta ⟨⟨_, hav, _, ha⟩, hfr⟩ ↦ ?_) (cont_g'.mono fun ta ⟨hta, ht⟩ ↦ ?_) ?_, ?_, fun a ↦ ?_, fun t0 htn1 ↦ ?_⟩ · refine ⟨Set.singleton_subset_iff.mp hav, haN, ?_⟩ change g' (t n, a) ∈ (q e).source; rw [g'_a _ le_rfl] exact h_sub ⟨le_rfl, t_mono n.le_succ⟩ · rw [← t_0]; exact ⟨t_mono n.zero_le, le_rfl⟩ · have ht := Set.mem_setOf.mp (frontier_le_subset_eq continuous_fst continuous_const hfr) ...
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
exists_lift_nhds
If `p : E → X` is a local homeomorphism, and if `g : I × A → E` is a lift of `f : C(I × A, X)` continuous on `{0} × A ∪ I × {a}` for some `a : A`, then there exists a neighborhood `N ∈ 𝓝 a` and `g' : I × A → E` continuous on `I × N` that agrees with `g` on `{0} × A ∪ I × {a}`. The proof follows [hatcher02], Proof of Theorem 1.7, p.30. Possible TODO: replace `I` by an arbitrary space assuming `A` is locally connected and `p` is a separated map, which guarantees uniqueness and therefore well-definedness on the intersections.
continuous_lift (f : C(I × A, X)) {g : I × A → E} (g_lifts : p ∘ g = f) (cont_0 : Continuous (g ⟨0, ·⟩)) (cont_A : ∀ a, Continuous (g ⟨·, a⟩)) : Continuous g := by rw [continuous_iff_continuousAt] intro ⟨t, a⟩ obtain ⟨N, haN, g', cont_g', g'_lifts, g'_0, -⟩ := homeo.exists_lift_nhds g_lifts cont_0 a (cont_A a) refine (cont_g'.congr fun ⟨t, a⟩ ⟨_, ha⟩ ↦ ?_).continuousAt (prod_mem_nhds Filter.univ_mem haN) refine congr_fun (sep.eq_of_comp_eq homeo.isLocallyInjective (cont_A a) (cont_g'.comp_continuous (.prodMk_left a) fun _ ↦ ⟨⟨⟩, ha⟩) ?_ 0 (g'_0 a).symm) t ext t; apply congr_fun (g_lifts.trans g'_lifts.symm)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
continuous_lift
null
monodromy_theorem {γ₀ γ₁ : C(I, X)} (γ : γ₀.HomotopyRel γ₁ {0,1}) (Γ : I → C(I, E)) (Γ_lifts : ∀ t s, p (Γ t s) = γ (t, s)) (Γ_0 : ∀ t, Γ t 0 = Γ 0 0) (t : I) : Γ t 1 = Γ 0 1 := by have := homeo.continuous_lift sep (.comp γ .prodSwap) (g := fun st ↦ Γ st.2 st.1) ?_ ?_ ?_ · apply sep.const_of_comp homeo.isLocallyInjective (this.comp (.prodMk_right 1)) intro t t'; change p (Γ _ _) = p (Γ _ _); simp_rw [Γ_lifts, γ.eq_fst _ (.inr rfl)] · ext; apply Γ_lifts · simp_rw [Γ_0]; exact continuous_const · exact fun t ↦ (Γ t).2 omit sep open PathConnectedSpace (somePath) in
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
monodromy_theorem
The abstract monodromy theorem: if `γ₀` and `γ₁` are two paths in a topological space `X`, `γ` is a homotopy between them relative to the endpoints, and the path at each time step of the homotopy, `γ (t, ·)`, lifts to a continuous path `Γ t` through a separated local homeomorphism `p : E → X`, starting from some point in `E` independent of `t`. Then the endpoints of these lifts are also independent of `t`. This can be applied to continuation of analytic functions as follows: for a sheaf of analytic functions on an analytic manifold `X`, we may consider its étale space `E` (whose points are analytic germs) with the natural projection `p : E → X`, which is a local homeomorphism and a separated map (because two analytic functions agreeing on a nonempty open set agree on the whole connected component). An analytic continuation of a germ along a path `γ (t, ·) : C(I, X)` corresponds to a continuous lift of `γ (t, ·)` to `E` starting from that germ. If `γ` is a homotopy and the germ admits continuation along every path `γ (t, ·)`, then the result of the continuations are independent of `t`. In particular, if `X` is simply connected and an analytic germ at `p : X` admits a continuation along every path in `X` from `p` to `q : X`, then the continuation to `q` is independent of the path chosen.
existsUnique_continuousMap_lifts [PathConnectedSpace A] [LocPathConnectedSpace A] (f : C(A, X)) (a₀ : A) (e₀ : E) (he : p e₀ = f a₀) (ex : ∀ γ : C(I, A), γ 0 = a₀ → ∃ Γ : C(I, E), Γ 0 = e₀ ∧ p ∘ Γ = f.comp γ) (uniq : ∀ γ γ' : C(I, A), ∀ Γ Γ' : C(I, E), γ 0 = a₀ → γ' 0 = a₀ → Γ 0 = e₀ → Γ' 0 = e₀ → p ∘ Γ = f.comp γ → p ∘ Γ' = f.comp γ' → γ 1 = γ' 1 → Γ 1 = Γ' 1) : ∃! F : C(A, E), F a₀ = e₀ ∧ p ∘ F = f := by choose Γ Γ_0 Γ_lifts using ex let F (a : A) : E := Γ _ (somePath a₀ a).source 1 have (a : A) : p (F a) = f a := by simpa using congr_fun (Γ_lifts _ (Path.source _)) 1 refine ⟨⟨F, continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr fun a ↦ ?_⟩, ⟨?_, funext this⟩, fun F' ⟨F'_0, hpF'⟩ ↦ DFunLike.ext _ _ fun a ↦ ?_⟩ · obtain ⟨p, hep, rfl⟩ := homeo (F a) have hfap : f a ∈ p.target := by rw [← this]; exact p.map_source hep refine ContinuousAt.congr (f := p.symm ∘ f) ((p.continuousOn_symm.continuousAt <| p.open_target.mem_nhds hfap).comp f.2.continuousAt) ?_ have ⟨U, ⟨haU, U_conn⟩, hUp⟩ := (path_connected_basis a).mem_iff.mp ((p.open_target.preimage f.continuous).mem_nhds hfap) refine Filter.mem_of_superset haU fun x hxU ↦ ?_ have ⟨γ, hγ⟩ := U_conn.joinedIn _ (mem_of_mem_nhds haU) _ hxU let Γ' : Path e₀ ((p.symm ∘ f) a) := ⟨Γ _ (somePath a₀ a).source, Γ_0 .., by simp [← this, hep, F]⟩ specialize uniq ((somePath a₀ a).trans γ) _ (Γ'.trans <| γ.map' <| p.continuousOn_symm.comp f.2.continuousOn <| by rintro _ ⟨t, rfl⟩; exact hUp (hγ _)) _ (by simp) (somePath a₀ x).source (by simp) (Γ_0 _ (somePath a₀ x).source) _ (Γ_lifts ..) (by simp) · ext simp only [Function.comp, ContinuousMap.coe_coe, Path.trans_apply, ContinuousMap.coe_comp] split_ifs · apply congr_fun (Γ_lifts ..) · simp [Path.map', p.right_inv (hUp (hγ _))] simpa using uniq · exact uniq _ (.const I a₀) _ (.const I e₀) (somePath a₀ a₀).source rfl (Γ_0 ..) rfl (Γ_lifts ..) (by simpa) (Path.target _) · let γ := somePath a₀ a simpa using uniq _ _ (F'.comp γ) (Γ _ γ.source) γ.source γ.source (by simpa) (Γ_0 ..) (by simp [← Function.comp_assoc, hpF']) (Γ_lifts ..) rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
existsUnique_continuousMap_lifts
A map `f` from a path-connected, locally path-connected space `A` to another space `X` lifts uniquely through a local homeomorphism `p : E → X` if for every path `γ` in `A`, the composed path `f ∘ γ` in `X` lifts to `E` with endpoint only dependent on the endpoint of `γ` and independent of the path chosen. In this theorem, we require that a specific point `a₀ : A` is lifted to a specific point `e₀ : E` over `a₀`.
exists_path_lifts : ∃ Γ : C(I, E), p ∘ Γ = γ ∧ Γ 0 = e := by let U x := (cov x).2.choose choose mem_base U_open _ H _ using fun x ↦ (cov x).2.choose_spec obtain ⟨t, t_0, t_mono, ⟨n_max, h_max⟩, t_sub⟩ := exists_monotone_Icc_subset_open_cover_unitInterval (fun x ↦ (U_open x).preimage γ.continuous) fun t _ ↦ Set.mem_iUnion.2 ⟨γ t, mem_base _⟩ suffices ∀ n, ∃ Γ : I → E, ContinuousOn Γ (Set.Icc 0 (t n)) ∧ (Set.Icc 0 (t n)).EqOn (p ∘ Γ) γ ∧ Γ 0 = e by obtain ⟨Γ, cont, eqOn, Γ_0⟩ := this n_max rw [h_max _ le_rfl] at cont eqOn exact ⟨⟨Γ, continuousOn_univ.mp (by convert cont; rw [eq_comm, Set.eq_univ_iff_forall]; exact fun t ↦ ⟨bot_le, le_top⟩)⟩, funext fun _ ↦ eqOn ⟨bot_le, le_top⟩, Γ_0⟩ intro n induction n with | zero => refine ⟨fun _ ↦ e, continuous_const.continuousOn, fun t ht ↦ ?_, rfl⟩ rw [t_0, Set.Icc_self, Set.mem_singleton_iff] at ht; subst ht; exact γ_0.symm | succ n ih => ?_ obtain ⟨Γ, cont, eqOn, Γ_0⟩ := ih obtain ⟨x, t_sub⟩ := t_sub n have pΓtn : p (Γ (t n)) = γ (t n) := eqOn ⟨t_0 ▸ t_mono n.zero_le, le_rfl⟩ have : Nonempty (p ⁻¹' {x}) := ⟨(H x ⟨Γ (t n), Set.mem_preimage.mpr (pΓtn ▸ t_sub ⟨le_rfl, t_mono n.le_succ⟩)⟩).2⟩ let q := (cov x).toTrivialization refine ⟨fun s ↦ if s ≤ t n then Γ s else q.invFun (γ s, (q (Γ (t n))).2), .if (fun s hs ↦ ?_) (cont.mono fun _ h ↦ ?_) ?_, fun s hs ↦ ?_, ?_⟩ · cases frontier_Iic_subset _ hs.2 rw [← pΓtn] refine (q.symm_apply_mk_proj ?_).symm rw [q.mem_source, pΓtn] exact t_sub ⟨le_rfl, t_mono n.le_succ⟩ · rw [closure_le_eq continuous_id' continuous_const] at h; exact ⟨h.1.1, h.2⟩ · apply q.continuousOn_invFun.comp ((Continuous.prodMk_left _).comp γ.2).continuousOn simp_rw [not_le, q.target_eq]; intro s h exact ⟨t_sub ⟨closure_lt_subset_le continuous_const continuous_subtype_val h.2, h.1.2⟩, ⟨⟩⟩ · rw [Function.comp_apply]; split_ifs with h exacts [eqOn ⟨hs.1, h⟩, q.proj_symm_apply' (t_sub ⟨le_of_not_ge h, hs.2⟩)] · dsimp only; rwa [if_pos (t_0 ▸ t_mono n.zero_le)]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
exists_path_lifts
The path lifting property (existence) for covering maps.
noncomputable liftPath : C(I, E) := (cov.exists_path_lifts γ e γ_0).choose
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftPath
The lift of a path to a covering space given a lift of the left endpoint.
liftPath_lifts : p ∘ cov.liftPath γ e γ_0 = γ := (cov.exists_path_lifts γ e γ_0).choose_spec.1
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftPath_lifts
null
liftPath_zero : cov.liftPath γ e γ_0 0 = e := (cov.exists_path_lifts γ e γ_0).choose_spec.2 variable {γ e}
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftPath_zero
null
eq_liftPath_iff {Γ : I → E} : Γ = cov.liftPath γ e γ_0 ↔ Continuous Γ ∧ p ∘ Γ = γ ∧ Γ 0 = e := have lifts := cov.liftPath_lifts γ e γ_0 have zero := cov.liftPath_zero γ e γ_0 ⟨(· ▸ ⟨(cov.liftPath γ e γ_0).2, lifts, zero⟩), fun ⟨Γ_cont, Γ_lifts, Γ_0⟩ ↦ cov.eq_of_comp_eq Γ_cont (cov.liftPath γ e γ_0).continuous (Γ_lifts ▸ lifts.symm) 0 (Γ_0 ▸ zero.symm)⟩
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
eq_liftPath_iff
null
eq_liftPath_iff' {Γ : C(I, E)} : Γ = cov.liftPath γ e γ_0 ↔ p ∘ Γ = γ ∧ Γ 0 = e := by simp_rw [← DFunLike.coe_fn_eq, eq_liftPath_iff, and_iff_right (ContinuousMap.continuous _)]
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
eq_liftPath_iff'
Unique characterization of the lifted path.
@[simps] noncomputable liftHomotopy : C(I × A, E) where toFun ta := cov.liftPath (H.comp <| (ContinuousMap.id I).prodMk <| .const I ta.2) (f ta.2) (H_0 ta.2) ta.1 continuous_toFun := cov.isLocalHomeomorph.continuous_lift cov.isSeparatedMap H (by ext ⟨t, a⟩; exact congr_fun (cov.liftPath_lifts ..) t) (by convert f.continuous with a; exact cov.liftPath_zero ..) fun a ↦ by dsimp only; exact (cov.liftPath (γ_0 := by simp [*])).2
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftHomotopy
The existence of `liftHomotopy` satisfying `liftHomotopy_lifts` and `liftHomotopy_zero` is the homotopy lifting property for covering maps. In other words, a covering map is a Hurewicz fibration.
liftHomotopy_lifts : p ∘ cov.liftHomotopy H f H_0 = H := funext fun ⟨t, _⟩ ↦ congr_fun (cov.liftPath_lifts ..) t
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftHomotopy_lifts
null
liftHomotopy_zero (a : A) : cov.liftHomotopy H f H_0 (0, a) = f a := cov.liftPath_zero .. variable {H f}
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftHomotopy_zero
null
eq_liftHomotopy_iff (H' : I × A → E) : H' = cov.liftHomotopy H f H_0 ↔ (∀ a, Continuous (H' ⟨·, a⟩)) ∧ p ∘ H' = H ∧ ∀ a, H' (0, a) = f a := by refine ⟨?_, fun ⟨H'_cont, H'_lifts, H'_0⟩ ↦ funext fun ⟨t, a⟩ ↦ ?_⟩ · rintro rfl; refine ⟨fun a ↦ ?_, cov.liftHomotopy_lifts H f H_0, cov.liftHomotopy_zero H f H_0⟩ simp_rw [liftHomotopy_apply]; exact (cov.liftPath _ _ <| H_0 a).2 · apply congr_fun ((cov.eq_liftPath_iff _).mpr ⟨H'_cont a, _, H'_0 a⟩) t ext ⟨t, a⟩; exact congr_fun H'_lifts _
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
eq_liftHomotopy_iff
null
eq_liftHomotopy_iff' (H' : C(I × A, E)) : H' = cov.liftHomotopy H f H_0 ↔ p ∘ H' = H ∧ ∀ a, H' (0, a) = f a := by simp_rw [← DFunLike.coe_fn_eq, eq_liftHomotopy_iff] exact and_iff_right fun a ↦ H'.2.comp (.prodMk_left a) variable {f₀ f₁ : C(A, X)} {S : Set A} (F : f₀.HomotopyRel f₁ S) open ContinuousMap in
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
eq_liftHomotopy_iff'
null
noncomputable liftHomotopyRel [PreconnectedSpace A] {f₀' f₁' : C(A, E)} (he : ∃ a ∈ S, f₀' a = f₁' a) (h₀ : p ∘ f₀' = f₀) (h₁ : p ∘ f₁' = f₁) : f₀'.HomotopyRel f₁' S := have F_0 : ∀ a, F (0, a) = p (f₀' a) := fun a ↦ (F.apply_zero a).trans (congr_fun h₀ a).symm have rel : ∀ t, ∀ a ∈ S, cov.liftHomotopy F f₀' F_0 (t, a) = f₀' a := fun t a ha ↦ by rw [liftHomotopy_apply, cov.const_of_comp (ContinuousMap.continuous _) _ t 0] · apply cov.liftPath_zero · intro t t'; simp_rw [← p.comp_apply, cov.liftPath_lifts] exact (F.prop t a ha).trans (F.prop t' a ha).symm { toContinuousMap := cov.liftHomotopy F f₀' F_0 map_zero_left := cov.liftHomotopy_zero F f₀' F_0 map_one_left := by obtain ⟨a, ha, he⟩ := he simp_rw [toFun_eq_coe, ← curry_apply] refine congr_fun (cov.eq_of_comp_eq (ContinuousMap.continuous _) f₁'.continuous ?_ a <| (rel 1 a ha).trans he) ext a; rw [h₁, Function.comp_apply, curry_apply] exact (congr_fun (cov.liftHomotopy_lifts F f₀' _) (1, a)).trans (F.apply_one a) prop' := rel }
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftHomotopyRel
The lift to a covering space of a homotopy between two continuous maps relative to a set given compatible lifts of the continuous maps.
homotopicRel_iff_comp [PreconnectedSpace A] {f₀ f₁ : C(A, E)} {S : Set A} (he : ∃ a ∈ S, f₀ a = f₁ a) : f₀.HomotopicRel f₁ S ↔ (ContinuousMap.comp ⟨p, cov.continuous⟩ f₀).HomotopicRel (.comp ⟨p, cov.continuous⟩ f₁) S := ⟨fun ⟨F⟩ ↦ ⟨F.compContinuousMap _⟩, fun ⟨F⟩ ↦ ⟨cov.liftHomotopyRel F he rfl rfl⟩⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
homotopicRel_iff_comp
Two continuous maps from a preconnected space to the total space of a covering map are homotopic relative to a set `S` if and only if their compositions with the covering map are homotopic relative to `S`, assuming that they agree at a point in `S`.
liftPath_apply_one_eq_of_homotopicRel {γ₀ γ₁ : C(I, X)} (h : γ₀.HomotopicRel γ₁ {0,1}) (e : E) (h₀ : γ₀ 0 = p e) (h₁ : γ₁ 0 = p e) : cov.liftPath γ₀ e h₀ 1 = cov.liftPath γ₁ e h₁ 1 := by obtain ⟨H⟩ := h have := cov.liftHomotopyRel (f₀' := cov.liftPath γ₀ e h₀) (f₁' := cov.liftPath γ₁ e h₁) H ⟨0, .inl rfl, by simp_rw [liftPath_zero]⟩ (liftPath_lifts ..) (liftPath_lifts ..) rw [← this.eq_fst 0 (.inr rfl), ← this.eq_snd 0 (.inr rfl)]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
liftPath_apply_one_eq_of_homotopicRel
Lifting two paths that are homotopic relative to {0,1} starting from the same point also ends up in the same point.
injective_path_homotopic_mapFn (e₀ e₁ : E) : Function.Injective fun γ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient e₀ e₁ ↦ γ.mapFn ⟨p, cov.continuous⟩ := by refine Quotient.ind₂ fun γ₀ γ₁ ↦ ?_ dsimp only simp_rw [← Path.Homotopic.map_lift] iterate 2 rw [Quotient.eq] exact (cov.homotopicRel_iff_comp ⟨0, .inl rfl, γ₀.source.trans γ₁.source.symm⟩).mpr
lemma
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
injective_path_homotopic_mapFn
A covering map induces an injection on all Hom-sets of the fundamental groupoid, in particular on the fundamental group.
existsUnique_continuousMap_lifts [SimplyConnectedSpace A] [LocPathConnectedSpace A] (f : C(A, X)) (a₀ : A) (e₀ : E) (he : p e₀ = f a₀) : ∃! F : C(A, E), F a₀ = e₀ ∧ p ∘ F = f := by refine cov.isLocalHomeomorph.existsUnique_continuousMap_lifts f a₀ e₀ he (fun γ γ_0 ↦ ?_) fun γ γ' Γ Γ' γ_0 γ'_0 Γ_0 Γ'_0 Γ_lifts Γ'_lifts γγ'1 ↦ ?_ · simpa [and_comm] using cov.exists_path_lifts (f.comp γ) e₀ (by simp [γ_0, he]) let pγ : Path a₀ (γ 1) := ⟨γ, γ_0, rfl⟩ let pγ' : Path a₀ (γ 1) := ⟨γ', γ'_0, γγ'1.symm⟩ convert cov.liftPath_apply_one_eq_of_homotopicRel (ContinuousMap.HomotopicRel.comp_continuousMap (SimplyConnectedSpace.paths_homotopic pγ pγ') f) e₀ (by simp [he]) (by simp [he]) <;> rw [eq_liftPath_iff'] exacts [⟨Γ_lifts, Γ_0⟩, ⟨Γ'_lifts, Γ'_0⟩]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.FundamentalGroupoid.SimplyConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.LocPathConnected", "Mathlib.Topology.Covering", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path", "Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Lifting.lean
existsUnique_continuousMap_lifts
A map `f` from a simply-connected, locally path-connected space `A` to another space `X` lifts uniquely through a covering map `p : E → X`, after specifying any lift `e₀ : E` of any point `a₀ : A`.
Homotopy (p₀ p₁ : Path x₀ x₁) := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel p₀.toContinuousMap p₁.toContinuousMap {0, 1}
abbrev
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
Homotopy
The type of homotopies between two paths.
coeFn_injective : @Function.Injective (Homotopy p₀ p₁) (I × I → X) (⇑) := DFunLike.coe_injective @[simp]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
coeFn_injective
null
source (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (t : I) : F (t, 0) = x₀ := calc F (t, 0) = p₀ 0 := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.eq_fst _ _ (.inl rfl) _ = x₀ := p₀.source @[simp]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
source
null
target (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (t : I) : F (t, 1) = x₁ := calc F (t, 1) = p₀ 1 := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.eq_fst _ _ (.inr rfl) _ = x₁ := p₀.target
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
target
null
eval (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (t : I) : Path x₀ x₁ where toFun := F.toHomotopy.curry t source' := by simp target' := by simp @[simp]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
eval
Evaluating a path homotopy at an intermediate point, giving us a `Path`.
eval_zero (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) : F.eval 0 = p₀ := by ext t simp [eval] @[simp]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
eval_zero
null
eval_one (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) : F.eval 1 = p₁ := by ext t simp [eval]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
eval_one
null
@[simps!] refl (p : Path x₀ x₁) : Homotopy p p := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.refl p.toContinuousMap {0, 1}
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
refl
Given a path `p`, we can define a `Homotopy p p` by `F (t, x) = p x`.
@[simps!] symm (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) : Homotopy p₁ p₀ := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.symm F @[simp]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm
Given a `Homotopy p₀ p₁`, we can define a `Homotopy p₁ p₀` by reversing the homotopy.
symm_symm (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) : F.symm.symm = F := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.symm_symm F
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm_symm
null
symm_bijective : Function.Bijective (Homotopy.symm : Homotopy p₀ p₁ → Homotopy p₁ p₀) := Function.bijective_iff_has_inverse.mpr ⟨_, symm_symm, symm_symm⟩
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm_bijective
null
trans (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (G : Homotopy p₁ p₂) : Homotopy p₀ p₂ := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.trans F G
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
trans
Given `Homotopy p₀ p₁` and `Homotopy p₁ p₂`, we can define a `Homotopy p₀ p₂` by putting the first homotopy on `[0, 1/2]` and the second on `[1/2, 1]`.
trans_apply (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (G : Homotopy p₁ p₂) (x : I × I) : (F.trans G) x = if h : (x.1 : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2 then F (⟨2 * x.1, (unitInterval.mul_pos_mem_iff zero_lt_two).2 ⟨x.1.2.1, h⟩⟩, x.2) else G (⟨2 * x.1 - 1, unitInterval.two_mul_sub_one_mem_iff.2 ⟨(not_le.1 h).le, x.1.2.2⟩⟩, x.2) := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.trans_apply _ _ _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
trans_apply
null
symm_trans (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (G : Homotopy p₁ p₂) : (F.trans G).symm = G.symm.trans F.symm := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.symm_trans _ _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm_trans
null
@[simps!] cast {p₀ p₁ q₀ q₁ : Path x₀ x₁} (F : Homotopy p₀ p₁) (h₀ : p₀ = q₀) (h₁ : p₁ = q₁) : Homotopy q₀ q₁ := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.cast F (congr_arg _ h₀) (congr_arg _ h₁)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
cast
Casting a `Homotopy p₀ p₁` to a `Homotopy q₀ q₁` where `p₀ = q₀` and `p₁ = q₁`.
hcomp (F : Homotopy p₀ q₀) (G : Homotopy p₁ q₁) : Homotopy (p₀.trans p₁) (q₀.trans q₁) where toFun x := if (x.2 : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2 then (F.eval x.1).extend (2 * x.2) else (G.eval x.1).extend (2 * x.2 - 1) continuous_toFun := continuous_if_le (continuous_induced_dom.comp continuous_snd) continuous_const (F.toHomotopy.continuous.comp (by continuity)).continuousOn (G.toHomotopy.continuous.comp (by continuity)).continuousOn fun x hx => by norm_num [hx] map_zero_left x := by simp [Path.trans] map_one_left x := by simp [Path.trans] prop' x t ht := by rcases ht with ht | ht · norm_num [ht] · rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff] at ht norm_num [ht]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
hcomp
Suppose `p₀` and `q₀` are paths from `x₀` to `x₁`, `p₁` and `q₁` are paths from `x₁` to `x₂`. Furthermore, suppose `F : Homotopy p₀ q₀` and `G : Homotopy p₁ q₁`. Then we can define a homotopy from `p₀.trans p₁` to `q₀.trans q₁`.
hcomp_apply (F : Homotopy p₀ q₀) (G : Homotopy p₁ q₁) (x : I × I) : F.hcomp G x = if h : (x.2 : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2 then F.eval x.1 ⟨2 * x.2, (unitInterval.mul_pos_mem_iff zero_lt_two).2 ⟨x.2.2.1, h⟩⟩ else G.eval x.1 ⟨2 * x.2 - 1, unitInterval.two_mul_sub_one_mem_iff.2 ⟨(not_le.1 h).le, x.2.2.2⟩⟩ := show ite _ _ _ = _ by split_ifs <;> exact Path.extend_extends _ _
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
hcomp_apply
null
hcomp_half (F : Homotopy p₀ q₀) (G : Homotopy p₁ q₁) (t : I) : F.hcomp G (t, ⟨1 / 2, by norm_num, by norm_num⟩) = x₁ := show ite _ _ _ = _ by norm_num
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
hcomp_half
null
reparam (p : Path x₀ x₁) (f : I → I) (hf : Continuous f) (hf₀ : f 0 = 0) (hf₁ : f 1 = 1) : Homotopy p (p.reparam f hf hf₀ hf₁) where toFun x := p ⟨σ x.1 * x.2 + x.1 * f x.2, show (σ x.1 : ℝ) • (x.2 : ℝ) + (x.1 : ℝ) • (f x.2 : ℝ) ∈ I from convex_Icc _ _ x.2.2 (f x.2).2 (by unit_interval) (by unit_interval) (by simp)⟩ map_zero_left x := by norm_num map_one_left x := by norm_num prop' t x hx := by rcases hx with hx | hx · rw [hx] simp [hf₀] · rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff] at hx rw [hx] simp [hf₁] continuous_toFun := by fun_prop
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
reparam
Suppose `p` is a path, then we have a homotopy from `p` to `p.reparam f` by the convexity of `I`.
@[simps] symm₂ {p q : Path x₀ x₁} (F : p.Homotopy q) : p.symm.Homotopy q.symm where toFun x := F ⟨x.1, σ x.2⟩ map_zero_left := by simp [Path.symm] map_one_left := by simp [Path.symm] prop' t x hx := by rcases hx with hx | hx · rw [hx] simp · rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff] at hx rw [hx] simp
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm₂
Suppose `F : Homotopy p q`. Then we have a `Homotopy p.symm q.symm` by reversing the second argument.
@[simps] map {p q : Path x₀ x₁} (F : p.Homotopy q) (f : C(X, Y)) : Homotopy (p.map f.continuous) (q.map f.continuous) where toFun := f ∘ F map_zero_left := by simp map_one_left := by simp prop' t x hx := by rcases hx with hx | hx · simp [hx] · rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff] at hx simp [hx]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
map
Given `F : Homotopy p q`, and `f : C(X, Y)`, we can define a homotopy from `p.map f.continuous` to `q.map f.continuous`.
Homotopic (p₀ p₁ : Path x₀ x₁) : Prop := Nonempty (p₀.Homotopy p₁)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
Homotopic
Two paths `p₀` and `p₁` are `Path.Homotopic` if there exists a `Homotopy` between them.
@[refl] refl (p : Path x₀ x₁) : p.Homotopic p := ⟨Homotopy.refl p⟩ @[symm]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
refl
null
symm ⦃p₀ p₁ : Path x₀ x₁⦄ (h : p₀.Homotopic p₁) : p₁.Homotopic p₀ := h.map Homotopy.symm @[trans]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
symm
null
trans ⦃p₀ p₁ p₂ : Path x₀ x₁⦄ (h₀ : p₀.Homotopic p₁) (h₁ : p₁.Homotopic p₂) : p₀.Homotopic p₂ := h₀.map2 Homotopy.trans h₁
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
trans
null
equivalence : Equivalence (@Homotopic X _ x₀ x₁) := ⟨refl, (symm ·), (trans · ·)⟩ nonrec theorem map {p q : Path x₀ x₁} (h : p.Homotopic q) (f : C(X, Y)) : Homotopic (p.map f.continuous) (q.map f.continuous) := h.map fun F => F.map f
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
equivalence
null
hcomp {p₀ p₁ : Path x₀ x₁} {q₀ q₁ : Path x₁ x₂} (hp : p₀.Homotopic p₁) (hq : q₀.Homotopic q₁) : (p₀.trans q₀).Homotopic (p₁.trans q₁) := hp.map2 Homotopy.hcomp hq
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
hcomp
null
protected setoid (x₀ x₁ : X) : Setoid (Path x₀ x₁) := ⟨Homotopic, equivalence⟩
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
setoid
The setoid on `Path`s defined by the equivalence relation `Path.Homotopic`. That is, two paths are equivalent if there is a `Homotopy` between them.
protected Quotient (x₀ x₁ : X) := Quotient (Homotopic.setoid x₀ x₁) attribute [local instance] Homotopic.setoid
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
Quotient
The quotient on `Path x₀ x₁` by the equivalence relation `Path.Homotopic`.
Quotient.comp (P₀ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient x₀ x₁) (P₁ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient x₁ x₂) : Path.Homotopic.Quotient x₀ x₂ := Quotient.map₂ Path.trans (fun (_ : Path x₀ x₁) _ hp (_ : Path x₁ x₂) _ hq => hcomp hp hq) P₀ P₁
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
Quotient.comp
The composition of path homotopy classes. This is `Path.trans` descended to the quotient.
comp_lift (P₀ : Path x₀ x₁) (P₁ : Path x₁ x₂) : ⟦P₀.trans P₁⟧ = Quotient.comp ⟦P₀⟧ ⟦P₁⟧ := rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
comp_lift
null
Quotient.mapFn (P₀ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient x₀ x₁) (f : C(X, Y)) : Path.Homotopic.Quotient (f x₀) (f x₁) := Quotient.map (fun q : Path x₀ x₁ => q.map f.continuous) (fun _ _ h => Path.Homotopic.map h f) P₀
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
Quotient.mapFn
The image of a path homotopy class `P₀` under a map `f`. This is `Path.map` descended to the quotient.
map_lift (P₀ : Path x₀ x₁) (f : C(X, Y)) : ⟦P₀.map f.continuous⟧ = Quotient.mapFn ⟦P₀⟧ f := rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
map_lift
null
hpath_hext {p₁ : Path x₀ x₁} {p₂ : Path x₂ x₃} (hp : ∀ t, p₁ t = p₂ t) : HEq (α := Path.Homotopic.Quotient _ _) ⟦p₁⟧ (β := Path.Homotopic.Quotient _ _) ⟦p₂⟧ := by obtain rfl : x₀ = x₂ := by convert hp 0 <;> simp obtain rfl : x₁ = x₃ := by convert hp 1 <;> simp rw [heq_iff_eq]; congr; ext t; exact hp t
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
hpath_hext
null
@[simps!] toHomotopyConst (p : Path x₀ x₁) : (ContinuousMap.const Y x₀).Homotopy (ContinuousMap.const Y x₁) where toContinuousMap := p.toContinuousMap.comp ContinuousMap.fst map_zero_left _ := p.source map_one_left _ := p.target
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
toHomotopyConst
A path `Path x₀ x₁` generates a homotopy between constant functions `fun _ ↦ x₀` and `fun _ ↦ x₁`.
@[simp] ContinuousMap.homotopic_const_iff [Nonempty Y] : (ContinuousMap.const Y x₀).Homotopic (ContinuousMap.const Y x₁) ↔ Joined x₀ x₁ := by inhabit Y refine ⟨fun ⟨H⟩ ↦ ⟨⟨(H.toContinuousMap.comp .prodSwap).curry default, ?_, ?_⟩⟩, fun ⟨p⟩ ↦ ⟨p.toHomotopyConst⟩⟩ <;> simp
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
ContinuousMap.homotopic_const_iff
Two constant continuous maps with nonempty domain are homotopic if and only if their values are joined by a path in the codomain.
evalAt {X : Type*} {Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f g : C(X, Y)} (H : ContinuousMap.Homotopy f g) (x : X) : Path (f x) (g x) where toFun t := H (t, x) source' := H.apply_zero x target' := H.apply_one x
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Basic", "Mathlib.Topology.Connected.PathConnected", "Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Basic" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Path.lean
evalAt
Given a homotopy `H : f ∼ g`, get the path traced by the point `x` as it moves from `f x` to `g x`.
@[simps!] HomotopyRel.pi (homotopies : ∀ i : I, HomotopyRel (f i) (g i) S) : HomotopyRel (pi f) (pi g) S := { Homotopy.pi fun i => (homotopies i).toHomotopy with prop' := by intro t x hx dsimp only [coe_mk, pi_eval, toFun_eq_coe, HomotopyWith.coe_toContinuousMap] simp only [funext_iff] intro i exact (homotopies i).prop' t x hx }
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
HomotopyRel.pi
The relative product homotopy of `homotopies` between functions `f` and `g`
@[simps] Homotopy.prod (F : Homotopy f₀ f₁) (G : Homotopy g₀ g₁) : Homotopy (ContinuousMap.prodMk f₀ g₀) (ContinuousMap.prodMk f₁ g₁) where toFun t := (F t, G t) map_zero_left x := by simp only [prod_eval, Homotopy.apply_zero] map_one_left x := by simp only [prod_eval, Homotopy.apply_one]
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
Homotopy.prod
The product of homotopies `F` and `G`, where `F` takes `f₀` to `f₁` and `G` takes `g₀` to `g₁`
@[simps!] HomotopyRel.prod (F : HomotopyRel f₀ f₁ S) (G : HomotopyRel g₀ g₁ S) : HomotopyRel (prodMk f₀ g₀) (prodMk f₁ g₁) S where toHomotopy := Homotopy.prod F.toHomotopy G.toHomotopy prop' t x hx := Prod.ext (F.prop' t x hx) (G.prop' t x hx)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
HomotopyRel.prod
The relative product of homotopies `F` and `G`, where `F` takes `f₀` to `f₁` and `G` takes `g₀` to `g₁`
piHomotopy (γ₀ γ₁ : ∀ i, Path (as i) (bs i)) (H : ∀ i, Path.Homotopy (γ₀ i) (γ₁ i)) : Path.Homotopy (Path.pi γ₀) (Path.pi γ₁) := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.pi H
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
piHomotopy
The product of a family of path homotopies. This is just a specialization of `HomotopyRel`.
pi (γ : ∀ i, Path.Homotopic.Quotient (as i) (bs i)) : Path.Homotopic.Quotient as bs := (Quotient.map Path.pi fun x y hxy => Nonempty.map (piHomotopy x y) (Classical.nonempty_pi.mpr hxy)) (Quotient.choice γ)
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
pi
The product of a family of path homotopy classes.
pi_lift (γ : ∀ i, Path (as i) (bs i)) : (Path.Homotopic.pi fun i => ⟦γ i⟧) = ⟦Path.pi γ⟧ := by unfold pi; simp
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
pi_lift
null
comp_pi_eq_pi_comp (γ₀ : ∀ i, Path.Homotopic.Quotient (as i) (bs i)) (γ₁ : ∀ i, Path.Homotopic.Quotient (bs i) (cs i)) : pi γ₀ ⬝ pi γ₁ = pi fun i ↦ γ₀ i ⬝ γ₁ i := by induction γ₁ using Quotient.induction_on_pi with | _ a => induction γ₀ using Quotient.induction_on_pi simp only [pi_lift] rw [← Path.Homotopic.comp_lift, Path.trans_pi_eq_pi_trans, ← pi_lift] rfl
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
comp_pi_eq_pi_comp
Composition and products commute. This is `Path.trans_pi_eq_pi_trans` descended to path homotopy classes.
proj (i : ι) (p : Path.Homotopic.Quotient as bs) : Path.Homotopic.Quotient (as i) (bs i) := p.mapFn ⟨_, continuous_apply i⟩
abbrev
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
proj
Abbreviation for projection onto the ith coordinate.
@[simp] proj_pi (i : ι) (paths : ∀ i, Path.Homotopic.Quotient (as i) (bs i)) : proj i (pi paths) = paths i := by induction paths using Quotient.induction_on_pi rw [proj, pi_lift, ← Path.Homotopic.map_lift] congr @[simp]
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
proj_pi
Lemmas showing projection is the inverse of pi.
pi_proj (p : Path.Homotopic.Quotient as bs) : (pi fun i => proj i p) = p := by induction p using Quotient.inductionOn simp_rw [proj, ← Path.Homotopic.map_lift] erw [pi_lift] congr
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
pi_proj
null
prodHomotopy (h₁ : Path.Homotopy p₁ p₁') (h₂ : Path.Homotopy p₂ p₂') : Path.Homotopy (p₁.prod p₂) (p₁'.prod p₂') := ContinuousMap.HomotopyRel.prod h₁ h₂
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
prodHomotopy
The product of homotopies h₁ and h₂. This is `HomotopyRel.prod` specialized for path homotopies.
prod (q₁ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient a₁ a₂) (q₂ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient b₁ b₂) : Path.Homotopic.Quotient (a₁, b₁) (a₂, b₂) := Quotient.map₂ Path.prod (fun _ _ h₁ _ _ h₂ => Nonempty.map2 prodHomotopy h₁ h₂) q₁ q₂ variable (p₁ p₁' p₂ p₂')
def
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
prod
The product of path classes q₁ and q₂. This is `Path.prod` descended to the quotient.
prod_lift : prod ⟦p₁⟧ ⟦p₂⟧ = ⟦p₁.prod p₂⟧ := rfl variable (r₁ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient a₂ a₃) (r₂ : Path.Homotopic.Quotient b₂ b₃)
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
prod_lift
null
comp_prod_eq_prod_comp : prod q₁ q₂ ⬝ prod r₁ r₂ = prod (q₁ ⬝ r₁) (q₂ ⬝ r₂) := by induction q₁, q₂ using Quotient.inductionOn₂ induction r₁, r₂ using Quotient.inductionOn₂ simp only [prod_lift, ← Path.Homotopic.comp_lift, Path.trans_prod_eq_prod_trans] variable {c₁ c₂ : α × β}
theorem
Topology
[ "Mathlib.Topology.Constructions", "Mathlib.Topology.Homotopy.Path" ]
Mathlib/Topology/Homotopy/Product.lean
comp_prod_eq_prod_comp
Products commute with path composition. This is `trans_prod_eq_prod_trans` descended to the quotient.