blob_id stringlengths 40 40 | directory_id stringlengths 40 40 | path stringlengths 6 214 | content_id stringlengths 40 40 | detected_licenses listlengths 0 50 | license_type stringclasses 2 values | repo_name stringlengths 6 87 | snapshot_id stringlengths 40 40 | revision_id stringlengths 40 40 | branch_name stringclasses 15 values | visit_date timestamp[us]date 2016-08-04 09:00:04 2023-09-05 17:18:33 | revision_date timestamp[us]date 1998-12-11 00:15:10 2023-09-02 05:42:40 | committer_date timestamp[us]date 2005-04-26 09:58:02 2023-09-02 05:42:40 | github_id int64 436k 586M ⌀ | star_events_count int64 0 12.3k | fork_events_count int64 0 6.3k | gha_license_id stringclasses 7 values | gha_event_created_at timestamp[us]date 2012-11-16 11:45:07 2023-09-14 20:45:37 ⌀ | gha_created_at timestamp[us]date 2010-03-22 23:34:58 2023-01-07 03:47:44 ⌀ | gha_language stringclasses 36 values | src_encoding stringclasses 17 values | language stringclasses 1 value | is_vendor bool 1 class | is_generated bool 1 class | length_bytes int64 5 10.4M | extension stringclasses 15 values | filename stringlengths 2 96 | content stringlengths 5 10.4M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0f28501c28a178e7ead8fb55e955526c78b6213d | f2fcbb564b786875bc8803cd8e0c1164e0a70023 | /Mapping.tst | 759d18a5c722d4e0cc35ec8ed946393947b0844b | [] | no_license | svennela/pcfgcpretail-demo | 5520a467d1b028d60eb0ed2d6d705c0c8a983087 | d9ba88ba6fe01ac24fed7ebcda733581eb30a668 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-20T07:56:41.705677 | 2017-05-28T10:03:54 | 2017-05-28T10:03:54 | 90,068,555 | 1 | 2 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,162 | tst | Mapping.tst | GOOGLE CLOUD VISION API
"vision_labels": [
"clothing",
"jacket",
"leather",
"outerwear",
"leather jacket",
"textile",
"blazer",
"material",
"formal wear",
"collar"
]
}
GOOGLE CLOUD NLP API
"sentiment": {
"magnitude": 0.8,
"score": 0.4
}
//
remove GOOGLE CLOUD STORAGE
RETAILER INVENTORY MATCH
"offer_items": [
{
"desc": "Mango Camel Coatigan",
"url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/retail-image/755831-90-Mango_Camel_Coatigan.jpg"
},
{
"desc": "Black Tailored Single Breasted Jacket",
"url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/retail-image/134586-40-Black_Tailored_Single_Breasted_Jacket.jpg"
},
{
"desc": "Mint Velvet Ruffle Zip Front Shirt",
"url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/retail-image/168202-90-Mint_Velvet_Ruffle_Zip_Front_Shirt.jpg"
},
{
"desc": "Abercrombie Fitch Charcoal Twill Parka",
"url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/retail-image/989382-145-Abercrombie_Fitch_Charcoal_Twill_Parka.jpg"
}
],
|
88ed003d5f1339db11e923c47e1616a2b0c6239e | 6e257f133dd8984b578f3c9fd3f269eabc0750be | /ScilabFromTheoryToPractice/Programming/solve_sudoku.sce | a9dfa64f67e35ac07c4524a7777ed67420511b64 | [] | no_license | markusmorawitz77/Scilab | 902ef1b9f356dd38ea2dbadc892fe50d32b44bd0 | 7c98963a7d80915f66a3231a2235010e879049aa | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-19T23:53:52.068010 | 2017-04-22T12:39:21 | 2017-04-22T12:39:21 | 89,051,705 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 900 | sce | solve_sudoku.sce | function [S]=solve_sudoku(S)
Free=(S==0) // initial sudoku coefficient positions
k=1 // cell number of interest
upordown=1 // to manage the progression forwards or backwards
while k<=9^2 // as long as we haven't looked at all cells
[i,j]=num2pos(k) // position of cell number k
if Free(i,j) then // if cell (i,j) is empty
S(i,j)=S(i,j)+1 // increment the value
if test_cell(i,j,S) then // if it passes the test
upordown=1 // move on to the next cell
// we have checked all possible values:
elseif S(i,j)>9 then
S(i,j)=0 // free up the cell
upordown=-1 // go back a step
else upordown=0 //otherwise stay on this cell
end
end
k=k+upordown // move on to the next cell
end
endfunction
|
dadf296f4deda0b4fe58eb1adb15d7a7dc2d43e7 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1511/CH4/EX4.12/ex4_12.sce | a4677634af0e71371ec87ccd6308aec8c2703917 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 251 | sce | ex4_12.sce | // Example 4.12 page no-211
clear
clc
ico=2 //micro A
ieo=1.6 //micro A
alfa = 0.98
ie=2 //micro A
T=301.6
vt=T/11600
ve=vt*log(1+(ie/ieo))
printf("\nVe = %f V",ve)
vc=vt*log(1+(alfa*ie/ico))
printf("\nVc = %f V\nV_CE = %f V",vc,vc-ve)
|
6c1dc9ba35abee9b19e106ea2136bd95db9b6d9f | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /38/CH11/EX11.2/2.sce | a40c8912c22722ae005f0723a461273af55e5d4c | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 282 | sce | 2.sce | // Caption: Finding efficiency at rated voltage and frequency with starting winding open
clear;
close;
clc;
s=0.05;
//rotor speed
speed=(1-s)*1800;//in r/min
//torque
T=147/179;// in N.m
//Efficiency
op=244;//output
ip=147;//input
eff=ip/op;
disp(eff,'Efficiency=')
|
2b6ea73c47c213e3abbab2272bcafb183a33f270 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/Example8_4b.sce | 6c224276e56a47f0e26bb7924f2d7156937586cb | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 835 | sce | Example8_4b.sce | clc
//Given that
t1 = 1 // time period of satellite s1 in hour
t2 = 8 // time period of satellite s2 in hour
r1 = 1.2e4 // radius of orbit of satellite s1 in km
// sample problem 4b page No. 300
printf("\n\n\n # Problem 4b # \n")
printf("Standard formula r2/r1 = (t2/t1)^(2/3)")
r2 = r1 * (t2/t1)^(2/3) // calculation of radius of orbit of satellite s2 in km
v1 = 2 * %pi * r1 / t1 // calculation of speed of satellite s1 in km/h
v2 = 2 * %pi * r2 / t2 // calculation of speed of satellite s2 in km/h
del_v = v2 - v1 // calculation of relative speed of satellites in km/h
del_r = r2 - r1 // calculation of closest distance between satellite s1 and s2
v_angular = del_v / del_r // calculation of angular speed in rad/h
printf (" \n Relative angular speed of satellite s2 for satellite s1 is %e rad/h.", v_angular)
|
53d6c1b872ef638afaed5d4f4edaa271c98228e4 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /980/CH4/EX4.12/4_12.sce | e2972994624857ed55d45396069a35e0395b2f65 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 172 | sce | 4_12.sce | clc;
clear;
format('v',11);
r=[1 2 3];
r1=[1 1 1];
R=r-r1;
q=1*10^-9;
mod_R=sqrt(R(1)^2+R(2)^2+R(3)^2);
E=q*R/(4*3.14*8.85*10^-12*mod_R^3);
disp(E,"E(in v/m)=");
|
b378585e70ed3e22e077a3881d05e708e012e6b5 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2855/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce | fafce15637b1f234ea09af681c676a91ff2fa131 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 288 | sce | Ex9_2.sce | //Chapter 9
//page no 300
//given
clc;
clear all;
Po=8; //in mW
Pi=50; //in mW
l=15; //in km
TA=-10*log10(Po/Pi);
printf("\n Total fibre Attenuation,L = %0.2fdB/%0.0fkm \n",TA,l);
Alpha=TA/l;
printf("\n Alpha is = %0.2f dB/km\n",Alpha);
|
8a30980c997f77b329033d8cdd94a623e735ff89 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1931/CH3/EX3.10/10.sce | cc16cf0929639695e281d838e69fabafd8c74696 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 405 | sce | 10.sce | clc
clear
//INPUT DATA
a=2.814//the lattice constant of a simple cubic system in armstrong
h1=1//miller indices with respect to x axis
k1=0//miller indices with respect to y axis
l1=0//miller indices with respect to z axis
//CALCULATION
d=(a/(sqrt(h1^2+k1^2+l1^2)))//inter planar d spacing distance in armstrong
//OUTPUT
printf('The inter planar d-spacing distance is %3.3f armstrong',d)
|
88e7a7fe69e6998e0ee63582ef040afe40dbed08 | 717ddeb7e700373742c617a95e25a2376565112c | /3044/CH4/EX4.23/Ex4_23.sce | c7b54142569a0e68c27b0374da19c5875835d180 | [] | no_license | appucrossroads/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | b7ce9a8665d6253926fa8cc0989cda3c0db8e63d | 1d1c6f68fe7afb15ea12fd38492ec171491f8ce7 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-22T04:15:15.512674 | 2017-09-19T11:51:56 | 2017-09-19T11:51:56 | 92,444,732 | 0 | 0 | null | 2017-05-25T21:09:20 | 2017-05-25T21:09:19 | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 435 | sce | Ex4_23.sce | //Variable Declaration
l = []
//Calculation
lamda = (0.2)*3
l(1) = (((%e^-lamda)*(lamda^1))/factorial(1))
lamda = (0.2)*5
val = ((%e^-lamda)*(lamda^0))/factorial(0) + ((%e^-lamda)*(lamda^1))/factorial(1)
l(2) = (1 - val)
lamda = (0.2)*15
l(3) = (((%e^-lamda)*(lamda^0))/factorial(0) + ((%e^-lamda)*(lamda^1))/factorial(1))
//Results
printf ( "Part(a): %.3f",l(1))
printf ( "Part(b): %.3f",l(2))
printf ( "Part(c): %.3f",l(3))
|
5c284740ef48e6cfb02d30b6972f472fb6422b67 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /377/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.sce | 50eee10c02b6cbf2e301a1b404e3c6b5ac77779e | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 296 | sce | 10_5.sce | a=500; //say a=μh
b=0.5; //say b=ρb
q=1.6*10^-19;
disp("Na=1/(q*μh*ρb);");
Na=1/(q*a*b);
printf('\n The value of Na is %f*10^16/cm^3',Na/10^16);
Wb=10^-4;
c=8.854*12*10^-14; //say c=Єs
disp("Vb=q*Na*(Wb^2)/(2*Єs)");
Vb=q*Na*(Wb^2)/(2*c);
printf('\n The value of Vb is %fV',Vb); |
f180204d13c5d71e2ba7572d75af84f2452981c0 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /564/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sce | fd43ab4064311c823577f7f51655afb08d2eb435 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 381 | sce | 16_5.sce | pathname=get_absolute_file_path('16_5.sce')
filename=pathname+filesep()+'16_5data.sci'
exec(filename)
deff("[v]=f(z)","v=(-W/(6*EI))*(3*L*z^2 -z^3)");
funcprot();
z=[0:0.05:L];
fplot2d(z,f);
xgrid(3);
datatipToggle();
xtitle( 'deflection curve', ' -z- ', '-v-');
printf("\ntip deflection: %f m",f(L));
printf("\n\nclick on the point to view its coordinate on the plot"); |
94feb6f664e610a94c46d7639ae6422553b38076 | 6fc3947c7a1a92206203301d25c1076b9f3414ff | /data/char_level/ptb.tst | af3ddf1dcd0ffbfb82aab5d3ee34f05200102367 | [] | no_license | zodiacR/Sentence_Completion | 227677788e6dbfc1b4127c0515f4172c9f443b2e | 544390e2449765c7a9792a8ab141f71dc6645d12 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-01T17:32:02.686223 | 2015-11-03T05:32:41 | 2015-11-03T05:32:41 | 42,034,493 | 2 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 326,673 | tst | ptb.tst | <s> No , it was n't Black Monday . </s>
<s> But while the New York Stock Exchange did n't fall apart Friday as the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged UNK points -- most of it in the final hour -- it barely managed *-2 to stay this side of chaos . </s>
<s> Some `` circuit breakers '' installed * after the October 1987 crash failed their first test , traders say 0 *T*-1 , *-2 unable *-3 to cool the selling panic in both stocks and futures . </s>
<s> The 49 stock specialist firms on the Big Board floor -- the buyers and sellers of last resort who *T*-2 were criticized *-1 after the 1987 crash -- once again could n't handle the selling pressure . </s>
<s> Big investment banks refused *-1 to step up to the plate *-2 to support the UNK floor traders by *-3 buying big blocks of stock , traders say 0 *T*-4 . </s>
<s> Heavy selling of Standard & Poor 's 500-stock index futures in Chicago UNK beat stocks downward . </s>
<s> UNK Big Board stocks -- UAL , AMR , BankAmerica , Walt Disney , Capital Cities\/ABC , Philip Morris and Pacific Telesis Group -- stopped *-1 trading and never resumed . </s>
<s> The UNK has already begun . </s>
<s> `` The equity market was UNK . </s>
<s> Once again -LCB- the specialists -RCB- were not able *-3 to handle the imbalances on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange , '' said *T*-2 Christopher UNK , senior vice president at UNK Securities Corp . </s>
<s> UNK 0 *ICH*-2 James UNK , chairman of specialists Henderson Brothers Inc. : `` It *EXP*-1 is easy * to say 0 the specialist is n't doing his job . </s>
<s> When the dollar is in a UNK *T*-1 , even central banks ca n't stop it . </s>
<s> UNK are calling for a degree of liquidity that *T*-1 is not there in the market . '' </s>
<s> Many money managers and some traders had already left their offices early Friday afternoon on a warm autumn day -- because the stock market was so quiet . </s>
<s> Then in a UNK plunge , the Dow Jones industrials in barely an hour UNK about a third of their gains this year , *-1 UNK up a 190.58-point , or 6.9 % , loss on the day in UNK trading volume . </s>
<s> UNK trading accelerated to UNK million shares , a record for the Big Board . </s>
<s> At the end of the day , UNK million shares were traded *-1 . </s>
<s> The Dow Jones industrials closed at UNK . </s>
<s> The Dow 's decline was second in point terms only to the UNK Black Monday crash that *T*-1 occurred Oct. 19 , 1987 . </s>
<s> In percentage terms , however , the Dow 's dive was the UNK ever and the UNK since the market fell UNK , or 8 % , a week after Black Monday . </s>
<s> The Dow fell UNK % on Black Monday . </s>
<s> Shares of UAL , the parent of United Airlines , were extremely active all day Friday , *-1 reacting to news and rumors about the proposed $ 6.79 billion *U* buy-out of the airline by an UNK group . </s>
<s> Wall Street 's takeover-stock speculators , or `` risk arbitragers , '' had placed unusually large UNK that a takeover would succeed and UAL stock would rise . </s>
<s> At UNK p.m. EDT , came the UNK news : The Big Board was UNK trading in UAL , `` pending news . '' </s>
<s> On the exchange floor , `` as soon as UAL stopped *-2 trading , we UNK for a panic , '' said 0 *T*-1 one top floor trader . </s>
<s> Several traders could be seen *-1 shaking their heads when the news UNK *T*-2 . </s>
<s> For weeks , the market had been nervous about takeovers , after Campeau Corp. 's cash crunch spurred concern about the prospects for future highly leveraged takeovers . </s>
<s> And 10 minutes after the UAL trading halt came news that the UAL group could n't get financing for its bid . </s>
<s> At this point , the Dow was down about 35 points . </s>
<s> The market UNK . </s>
<s> UNK could n't dump their UAL stock -- but they rid themselves of nearly every `` rumor '' stock 0 they had *T*-1 . </s>
<s> For example , their selling caused trading halts *ICH*-1 to be declared *-5 in USAir Group , which *T*-2 closed down 3 7\/8 to 41 1\/2 , Delta Air Lines , which *T*-3 fell 7 3\/4 to 69 1\/4 , and UNK Industries , which *T*-4 sank 3 to 21 1\/2 . </s>
<s> These stocks eventually reopened . </s>
<s> But as panic spread , speculators began *-1 to sell blue-chip stocks such as Philip Morris and International Business Machines *-2 to offset their losses . </s>
<s> When trading *ICH*-3 was halted *-1 in Philip Morris *T*-2 , the stock was trading at 41 , down 3 3\/8 , while IBM closed 5 5\/8 lower at 102 . </s>
<s> UNK UNK because of waves of automatic `` stop-loss '' orders , which *T*-2 are triggered *-1 by computer when prices fall to certain levels *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Most of the stock selling pressure came from Wall Street professionals , including computer-guided program traders . </s>
<s> Traders said 0 most of their major institutional investors , on the other hand , sat tight . </s>
<s> Now , at UNK , one of the market 's post-crash `` reforms '' took hold as the S&P 500 futures contract had plunged 12 points , equivalent to around a UNK drop in the Dow industrials . </s>
<s> Under an agreement signed * by the Big Board and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange , trading was temporarily halted *-1 in Chicago . </s>
<s> After the trading halt in the S&P 500 pit in Chicago , waves of selling continued *-1 to hit stocks themselves on the Big Board , and specialists continued *-2 to UNK prices down . </s>
<s> As a result , the link between the futures and stock markets UNK apart . </s>
<s> Without the UNK of stock-index futures -- the barometer of where traders think 0 the overall stock market is headed *-1 *T*-2 -- many traders were afraid *-3 to trust stock prices quoted * on the Big Board . </s>
<s> The futures halt was even UNK *-1 by Big Board floor traders . </s>
<s> `` It UNK things up , '' said *T*-1 one major specialist . </s>
<s> This confusion effectively halted one form of program trading , stock index arbitrage , that *T*-1 closely links the futures and stock markets , and has been blamed *T*-1 by some for the market 's big swings . </s>
<s> -LRB- In a stock-index arbitrage sell program , traders buy or sell big baskets of stocks and offset the trade in futures *-1 to lock in a price difference . -RRB- </s>
<s> `` When the airline information came through *T*-2 , it UNK every model 0 we had *T*-1 for the marketplace , '' said *T*-3 a managing director at one of the largest program-trading firms . </s>
<s> `` We did n't even get a chance * to do the programs 0 we wanted *-1 to do *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> But stocks kept *-1 falling . </s>
<s> The Dow industrials were down 55 points at 3 p.m. before the UNK halt . </s>
<s> At UNK p.m. , at the end of the `` UNK off '' period , the average was down UNK points . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , during the the S&P trading halt , S&P futures sell orders began *-2 UNK up , while stocks in New York kept *-1 falling sharply . </s>
<s> Big Board Chairman John J. Phelan said yesterday 0 the circuit breaker `` worked well UNK . </s>
<s> I just think 0 it *EXP*-1 's UNK at this point * to get into a debate if index arbitrage would have helped or hurt things . '' </s>
<s> Under another post-crash system , Big Board President Richard UNK -LRB- Mr. Phelan was flying to UNK as the market was falling -RRB- was talking on an `` UNK hot line '' to the other exchanges , the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Reserve Board . </s>
<s> He UNK out at a high-tech UNK center on the floor of the Big Board , where he could watch UNK on prices and pending stock orders *T*-1 . </s>
<s> At about UNK p.m. EDT , S&P futures resumed *-1 trading , and for a brief time the futures and stock markets started *-2 to come back in line . </s>
<s> UNK stepped in to the futures pit . </s>
<s> But the UNK of S&P futures sell orders weighed on the market , and the link with stocks began *-1 to UNK again . </s>
<s> At about UNK , the S&P market UNK to still another limit , of 30 points down , and trading was locked *-1 again . </s>
<s> Futures traders say 0 the S&P was UNK that the Dow could fall as much as 200 points . </s>
<s> During this time , small investors began *-1 UNK their brokers , *-1 wondering whether another crash had begun . </s>
<s> At Prudential-Bache Securities Inc. , which *T*-1 is trying *-2 to UNK to small investors , some UNK brokers thought 0 this would be the final UNK . </s>
<s> That 's when George L. Ball , chairman of the Prudential Insurance Co. of America unit , took to the internal UNK system *-1 to declare that the plunge was only `` mechanical *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> `` I have a UNK that this particular decline today is something ` more UNK about less . ' </s>
<s> It *EXP*-1 would be my UNK * to advise clients *-3 not to sell , to look for an opportunity * to buy , '' Mr. Ball told the brokers *T*-2 . </s>
<s> At Merrill Lynch & Co. , the nation 's biggest brokerage firm , a news release *ICH*-2 was prepared *-3 UNK * `` Merrill Lynch UNK on Market UNK . '' </s>
<s> The release cautioned that `` there are significant differences between the current environment and that of October 1987 '' and that there are still `` attractive investment opportunities '' in the stock market . </s>
<s> However , Jeffrey B. Lane , president of Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc. , said that Friday 's plunge is `` going *-1 to set back '' relations with customers , `` because it UNK the concern of volatility . </s>
<s> And I think 0 a lot of people will UNK on program trading . </s>
<s> It 's going *-1 to bring the debate right back to the UNK . '' </s>
<s> As the Dow average ground to its final UNK loss Friday , the S&P pit stayed locked at its UNK trading limit . </s>
<s> Jeffrey UNK of program trader UNK Investment Group said 0 2,000 S&P contracts *ICH*-1 were for sale on the close , the equivalent of $ UNK million *U* in stock . </s>
<s> But there were no buyers . </s>
<s> While Friday 's debacle involved mainly professional traders rather than investors , it left the market vulnerable to continued selling this morning , traders said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Stock-index futures contracts settled at much lower prices than indexes of the stock market itself . </s>
<s> At those levels , stocks are set up *-3 to be UNK *-1 by index arbitragers , who *T*-2 lock in profits by *-4 buying futures when futures prices fall *T*-5 , and simultaneously sell off stocks . </s>
<s> But nobody knows at what level the futures and stocks will open today *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The UNK between the stock and futures markets Friday will UNK cause renewed debate about whether Wall Street is properly prepared for another crash situation . </s>
<s> The Big Board 's Mr. UNK said , 0 `` Our UNK performance was good . '' </s>
<s> But the exchange will `` look at the performance of all specialists in all stocks . </s>
<s> Obviously we 'll take a close look at any situation in which we think 0 the UNK obligations were n't met *-1 *T*-2 , '' he said *T*-3 . </s>
<s> -LRB- * UNK related story : `` Fed UNK * to UNK Big Funds '' -- WSJ Oct. 16 , 1989 -RRB- </s>
<s> But specialists complain privately that just as in the 1987 crash , the `` UNK '' firms -- big investment banks that *T*-1 support the market by *-2 trading big blocks of stock -- stayed on the sidelines during Friday 's UNK . </s>
<s> Mr. Phelan said , 0 `` It *EXP*-2 will take another day or two '' * to analyze who *T*-1 was buying and selling Friday . </s>
<s> UNK your Sept. 21 page-one article on Prince Charles and the UNK : It *EXP*-1 's a few hundred years since England has been a UNK . </s>
<s> It 's now the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , UNK UNK , Northern Ireland , Scotland , and ... UNK yes , England , too . </s>
<s> * Just thought 0 you 'd like *-1 to know . </s>
<s> George UNK </s>
<s> UNK of Call Inc. reached agreements * to sell its remaining seven aircraft to buyers that *T*-2 were n't disclosed *-1 . </s>
<s> The agreements bring to a total of nine the number of planes 0 the travel company has sold *T*-1 this year as part of a restructuring . </s>
<s> The company said 0 a portion of the $ 32 million *U* realized * from the sales will be used *-1 *-2 to repay its bank debt and other obligations resulting from the currently suspended UNK operations . </s>
<s> Earlier the company announced 0 it would sell its aging fleet of Boeing Co. UNK because of increasing maintenance costs . </s>
<s> A consortium of private investors operating as UNK Funding Co. said 0 it has made a $ UNK million *U* cash bid for most of L.J. Hooker Corp. 's real-estate and UNK holdings . </s>
<s> The $ UNK million *U* bid includes the assumption of an estimated $ 300 million *U* in secured liabilities on those properties , according to those making the bid . </s>
<s> The group is led *-1 by Jay UNK , chief executive officer of UNK Investment Corp. in UNK , and A. Boyd Simpson , chief executive of the Atlanta-based Simpson Organization Inc . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK 's company specializes in commercial real-estate investment and claims *-1 to have $ 1 billion *U* in assets ; Mr. Simpson is a developer and a former senior executive of L.J. Hooker . </s>
<s> `` The assets are good , but they require more money and management '' than * can be provided *-1 in L.J. Hooker 's current situation , said 0 *T*-2 Mr. Simpson in an interview . `` </s>
<s> Hooker 's philosophy was * to build and sell . </s>
<s> We want *-1 to build and hold . '' </s>
<s> L.J. Hooker , based * in Atlanta , is operating with protection from its creditors under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code . </s>
<s> Its parent company , Hooker Corp. of Sydney , Australia , is currently being managed *-1 by a UNK provisional UNK . </s>
<s> Sanford UNK , chief executive of L.J. Hooker , said yesterday in a statement that he has not yet seen the bid but that he would review it and bring it to the attention of the creditors committee . </s>
<s> The $ UNK million *U* bid is estimated *-1 by Mr. Simpson as *-2 representing 75 % of the value of all Hooker real-estate holdings in the U.S. . </s>
<s> Not included * in the bid are *T*-1 UNK UNK or B. Altman & Co. , L.J. Hooker 's department-store chains . </s>
<s> The offer covers the massive 1.8 UNK Forest Fair UNK in Cincinnati , the 800,000 UNK UNK UNK UNK in Columbia , S.C. , and the 700,000 UNK UNK Town Center mall in UNK , UNK . </s>
<s> The UNK mall opened Sept. 19 with a UNK 's UNK as its UNK ; the Columbia mall is expected *-1 to open Nov. 15 . </s>
<s> Other Hooker properties included * are a UNK office tower in UNK Atlanta , expected * to be completed *-1 next February ; vacant land sites in Florida and Ohio ; L.J. Hooker International , the commercial real-estate brokerage company that *T*-2 once did business as Merrill Lynch Commercial Real Estate , plus other shopping centers . </s>
<s> The consortium was put *-1 together by UNK UNK , the London-based investment banking company that *T*-2 is a subsidiary of Security Pacific Corp . </s>
<s> `` We do n't anticipate any problems in * raising the funding for the bid , '' said UNK Campbell , the head of mergers and acquisitions at UNK UNK , in an interview . </s>
<s> UNK UNK is acting as the consortium 's investment bankers . </s>
<s> According to people familiar with the consortium , the bid was UNK *-2 Project UNK , a reference to the film `` UNK '' in which a UNK played * by UNK UNK UNK is saved *-1 from a UNK businessman by a police officer named * John UNK *T*-3 . </s>
<s> L.J. Hooker was a small UNK company based * in Atlanta in 1979 when Mr. Simpson was hired *-1 *-2 to push it into commercial development *T*-3 . </s>
<s> The company grew modestly until 1986 , when a majority position in Hooker Corp. was acquired *-1 by Australian developer George UNK , currently Hooker 's chairman *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK UNK *-2 to launch an ambitious , but UNK , $ 1 billion *U* acquisition UNK that *T*-1 included UNK UNK and B. Altman & Co. , as well as majority positions in Merksamer Jewelers , a Sacramento chain ; UNK Inc. , the UNK retailer , and UNK Inc. , the Southeast department-store chain . </s>
<s> Eventually Mr. Simpson and Mr. UNK had a falling out over the direction of the company , and Mr. Simpson said 0 he resigned in 1988 . </s>
<s> Since then , Hooker Corp. has sold its interest in the UNK chain back to UNK 's management and is currently attempting *-1 to sell the B. Altman & Co. chain . </s>
<s> In addition , Robert UNK , chief executive of the UNK chain , is seeking funds 0 *T*-1 to buy out the Hooker interest in his company . </s>
<s> The Merksamer chain is currently being offered *-1 for sale by First Boston Corp . </s>
<s> *-2 UNK *-1 in UNK , Mr. UNK said that he believes 0 the various Hooker UNK can become profitable with new management . </s>
<s> `` These are n't mature assets , but they have the potential 0 * to be so *T*-1 , '' said *T*-2 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> `` *-1 UNK *-2 properly , and with a long-term outlook , these can become investment-grade quality properties . </s>
<s> Canadian UNK production totaled UNK metric tons in the week ended Oct. 7 , up UNK % from the preceding week 's total of UNK tons , Statistics Canada , a federal agency , said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The week 's total was up 6.2 % from UNK tons a year earlier . </s>
<s> The UNK total was UNK tons , up 7.8 % from UNK tons a year earlier . </s>
<s> The Treasury plans *-1 to raise $ 175 million *U* in new cash Thursday by *-2 selling about $ 9.75 billion *U* of 52-week bills and UNK $ UNK billion *U* of maturing bills . </s>
<s> The bills will be dated *-1 Oct. 26 and will mature Oct. 25 , 1990 . </s>
<s> They will be available in minimum denominations of $ 10,000 *U* . </s>
<s> UNK must be received *-1 by 1 p.m. EDT Thursday at the Treasury or at Federal Reserve banks or branches . </s>
<s> As small investors UNK their mutual funds with phone calls over the weekend , big fund managers said 0 they have a strong defense against any wave of withdrawals : cash . </s>
<s> Unlike the weekend before Black Monday , the funds were n't UNK *-1 with heavy withdrawal requests . </s>
<s> And many fund managers have built up cash levels and say 0 they will be buying stock this week . </s>
<s> At Fidelity Investments , the nation 's largest fund company , telephone volume was up sharply , but it was still at just half the level of the weekend preceding Black Monday in 1987 . </s>
<s> The Boston firm said 0 UNK redemptions were running at less than one-third the level two years ago . </s>
<s> As of yesterday afternoon , the redemptions represented less than 15 % of the total cash position of about $ 2 billion *U* of Fidelity 's stock funds . </s>
<s> `` Two years ago there were massive redemption levels over the weekend and a lot of fear around , '' said *T*-2 C. Bruce UNK , who *T*-1 runs Fidelity Investments ' $ 5 billion *U* UNK Fund . </s>
<s> `` This feels more like a UNK deal . </s>
<s> People are n't UNK . '' </s>
<s> The test may come today . </s>
<s> Friday 's stock market sell-off came too late for many investors to act . </s>
<s> Some shareholders have held off until today because any fund exchanges made * after Friday 's close would take place at today 's closing prices . </s>
<s> Stock fund redemptions during the 1987 debacle did n't begin *-1 to UNK until after the market opened on Black Monday . </s>
<s> But fund managers say 0 they 're ready . </s>
<s> Many have raised cash levels , which *T*-1 act as a UNK against steep market declines . </s>
<s> Mario UNK , for instance , holds cash positions well above 20 % in several of his funds . </s>
<s> UNK Fund 's John UNK and Mutual Series ' Michael Price said 0 they had raised their cash levels to more than 20 % and 30 % *U* , respectively , this year . </s>
<s> Even Peter Lynch , manager of Fidelity 's $ 12.7 billion *U* UNK Fund , the nation 's largest stock fund , built up cash to 7 % or $ 850 million *U* . </s>
<s> One reason is that after two years of monthly net redemptions , the fund posted net inflows of money from investors in August and September . </s>
<s> `` I 've let the money build up , '' Mr. Lynch *ICH*-2 said *T*-1 , who *T*-4 added that he has had trouble *-5 finding stocks 0 he likes *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Not all funds have raised cash levels , of course . </s>
<s> As a group , stock funds held 10.2 % of assets *ICH*-1 in cash as of August , the latest figures available from the Investment Company Institute . </s>
<s> That was modestly higher than the 8.8 % and 9.2 % *U* levels in August and September of 1987 . </s>
<s> Also , persistent redemptions would force some fund managers to dump stocks *-1 to raise cash . </s>
<s> But a strong level of investor withdrawals is much more unlikely this time around , fund managers said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> A major reason is that investors already have sharply scaled back their purchases of stock funds since Black Monday . </s>
<s> UNK sales have rebounded in recent months , but monthly net purchases are still running at less than half 1987 levels . </s>
<s> `` There 's not nearly as much UNK , '' said *T*-1 John UNK , chairman of Vanguard Group Inc. , a big Valley UNK , Pa. , fund company . </s>
<s> Many fund managers argue that now 's the time 0 * to buy *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Vincent UNK , manager of the $ 1.8 billion *U* Wellington Fund , added to his positions in Bristol-Myers Squibb , Woolworth and Dun & Bradstreet Friday . </s>
<s> And today he 'll be looking *-3 to buy drug stocks like Eli Lilly , Pfizer and American Home Products whose dividend yields *T*-2 have been bolstered *-1 by stock declines . </s>
<s> Fidelity 's Mr. Lynch , for his part , snapped up Southern Co. shares Friday after the stock got UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> If the market drops further today , he said 0 he 'll be buying blue chips such as Bristol-Myers and Kellogg . </s>
<s> `` If they UNK stocks like that , '' he said *T*-2 , it presents an opportunity that *T*-1 is `` the kind of thing 0 you dream about *T*-3 . '' </s>
<s> Major mutual-fund groups said 0 phone calls were UNK at twice the normal weekend pace yesterday . </s>
<s> But most investors were seeking share prices and other information . </s>
<s> Trading volume was only modestly higher than normal . </s>
<s> Still , fund groups are n't taking any chances . </s>
<s> They hope *-2 to avoid the UNK phone lines and other UNK that *T*-1 UNK some fund investors in October 1987 . </s>
<s> Fidelity on Saturday opened its 54 UNK investor centers across the country . </s>
<s> The centers normally are closed through the weekend . </s>
<s> In addition , East Coast centers will open at UNK EDT *ICH*-1 this morning , instead of the normal UNK . </s>
<s> T. Rowe Price Associates Inc. increased its staff of phone representatives 0 *T*-1 to handle investor requests . </s>
<s> The UNK group noted that some investors moved money from stock funds to money-market funds . </s>
<s> But most investors seemed *-1 to be `` in an information UNK rather than in a transaction UNK , '' said 0 *T*-2 Steven UNK , a vice president . </s>
<s> And Vanguard , among other groups , said 0 it was adding more phone representatives today *-1 to help investors get through . </s>
<s> In an unusual move , several funds moved *-1 to calm investors with UNK on their UNK phone lines . </s>
<s> `` We view -LCB- Friday 's -RCB- market decline as *-1 offering us a buying opportunity as long-term investors , '' a recording at UNK & Co. funds said *T*-2 over the weekend . </s>
<s> The UNK Group had a similar recording for investors . </s>
<s> Several fund managers expect a rough market this morning before prices stabilize . </s>
<s> Some early selling is likely *-2 to stem from investors and portfolio managers who *T*-1 want *-3 to lock in this year 's fat profits . </s>
<s> Stock funds have averaged a staggering gain of 25 % through September , according to Lipper Analytical Services Inc . </s>
<s> UNK UNK , who *T*-1 runs Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc. 's $ UNK million *U* UNK UNK Portfolio , predicts 0 the market will open down at least 50 points on technical factors and `` some panic selling . '' </s>
<s> But she expects prices to rebound soon and is telling investors 0 she expects 0 the stock market wo n't decline more than 10 % to 15 % *U* from recent highs . </s>
<s> `` This is not a major crash , '' she said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Nevertheless , Ms. UNK said 0 she was UNK *-1 with phone calls *ICH*-2 over the weekend from nervous shareholders . </s>
<s> `` UNK of them are really scared and want *-1 to sell , '' she said , `` but I 'm trying *-2 to talk them out of it . '' </s>
<s> She added , 0 `` If they all were bullish , I 'd really be upset . '' </s>
<s> The UNK to Friday 's slide was UNK different from that of the October 1987 crash , fund managers argue 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Two years ago , unlike today , the dollar was weak , interest rates were rising and the market was very UNK , they say 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` From the investors ' UNK , institutions and individuals learned a painful lesson ... by *-1 selling at the lows '' on Black Monday , said 0 *T*-2 Stephen Boesel , manager of the $ UNK million *U* T. Rowe Price Growth and Income Fund . </s>
<s> This time , `` I do n't think 0 we 'll get a panic reaction . </s>
<s> Newport Corp. said 0 it expects *-1 to report UNK earnings of between 15 cents and 19 cents *U* a share , somewhat below analysts ' estimates of 19 cents to 23 cents . </s>
<s> The maker of scientific instruments and laser parts said 0 orders fell below expectations in recent months . </s>
<s> A spokesman added that sales in the current quarter will about equal the UNK quarter 's figure , when Newport reported net income of $ 1.7 million *U* , or 21 cents a share , on $ UNK million *U* in sales *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK from the strike by 55,000 Machinists union members against Boeing Co. reached air carriers Friday as America West Airlines announced 0 it will postpone its new service out of Houston because of delays in * receiving aircraft from the Seattle jet maker . </s>
<s> Peter UNK , vice president for planning at the Phoenix , Ariz. , carrier , said in an interview that the work UNK at Boeing , now entering its 13th day , `` has caused some turmoil in our UNK '' and that more than 500 passengers who *T*-2 were UNK *-3 to fly out of Houston on America West would now be put *-1 on other airlines . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 Boeing told America West that the UNK 0 it was supposed *-3 to get *T*-2 this Thursday would n't be delivered *-1 until Nov. 7 -- the day after the airline had been planning *-4 to UNK service at Houston with four daily flights , including three UNK to Phoenix and one UNK to Las Vegas . </s>
<s> Now , those routes are n't expected *-1 to begin until UNK . </s>
<s> Boeing is also supposed *-1 to send to America West another UNK UNK aircraft as well as a UNK by year 's end . </s>
<s> Those , too , are almost certain *-1 to arrive late . </s>
<s> At this point , no other America West flights -- including its new service at San Antonio , Texas ; Newark , N.J. ; and UNK , Calif. -- have been affected *-1 by the delays in Boeing deliveries . </s>
<s> Nevertheless , the company 's reaction UNK the UNK effect that a huge manufacturer such as Boeing can have *T*-1 on other parts of the economy . </s>
<s> It also is sure *-1 to help the machinists put added pressure on the company . </s>
<s> `` I just do n't feel that the company can really stand *RNR*-2 or would want *RNR*-2 a prolonged UNK , '' Tom Baker , president of Machinists ' District UNK , said *T*-1 in an interview yesterday . </s>
<s> `` I do n't think 0 their customers would like it very much . '' </s>
<s> America West , though , is a smaller airline and therefore more affected by the delayed delivery of a single plane than many of its competitors would be *?* . </s>
<s> `` I figure that American and United probably have such a hard time *-2 counting all the planes in their UNK , 0 they might not miss one at all , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Indeed , a random check Friday did n't seem *-1 to indicate that the strike was having much of an effect on other airline operations . </s>
<s> Southwest Airlines has a Boeing UNK set for delivery at the end of this month and expects *-1 to have the plane on time . </s>
<s> `` It 's so close to completion , 0 Boeing 's told us 0 there wo n't be a problem , '' said *T*-1 a Southwest spokesman . </s>
<s> A spokesman for AMR Corp. said 0 Boeing has assured American Airlines 0 it will deliver a UNK on time later this month . </s>
<s> American is preparing *-1 to take delivery of another UNK in early December and 20 more next year and is n't anticipating any changes in that timetable . </s>
<s> In Seattle , a Boeing spokesman explained that the company has been in constant UNK with all of its customers and that it *EXP*-2 was impossible * to predict what further disruptions *T*-3 might be triggered *-1 by the strike . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , supervisors and UNK employees have been trying *-2 to finish some 40 aircraft -- mostly UNK and UNK jumbo UNK at the company 's UNK , Wash. , plant -- that *T*-1 were all but completed *-3 before the UNK . </s>
<s> As of Friday , four had been delivered UNK and a fifth plane , a UNK , was supposed *-1 to be UNK *-2 out over the weekend to Air China . </s>
<s> No date *ICH*-2 has yet been set *-1 0 * to get back to the bargaining table *T*-3 . </s>
<s> `` We want *-3 to make sure 0 they know what they want *T*-2 before they come back , '' said *T*-4 Doug Hammond , the federal mediator who *T*-1 has been in contact with both sides since the strike began . </s>
<s> The investment community , for one , has been anticipating a UNK resolution . </s>
<s> Though Boeing 's stock price was battered *-1 along with the rest of the market Friday , it actually has risen over the last two weeks on the strength of new orders . </s>
<s> `` The market has taken two views : that the labor situation will get settled *-2 in the short term and that things look very UNK for Boeing in the long term , '' said *T*-1 Howard UNK , an analyst at UNK J. Lawrence Inc . </s>
<s> Boeing 's shares fell $ 4 *U* Friday *-1 to close at $ UNK *U* in composite trading on the New York Stock Exchange . </s>
<s> But Mr. Baker said 0 he thinks 0 the earliest 0 a pact could be struck *-1 *T*-2 would be the end of this month , *-3 UNK that the company and union may resume negotiations as early as this week . </s>
<s> Still , he said 0 *T*-2 , it *EXP*-1 's possible that the strike could last considerably longer . </s>
<s> `` I would n't expect an immediate resolution to anything . '' </s>
<s> Last week , Boeing Chairman Frank UNK sent striking workers a letter , *-1 saying that `` to my knowledge , Boeing 's offer represents the best overall three-year contract of any major U.S. industrial firm in recent history . '' </s>
<s> But Mr. Baker called the letter -- and the company 's offer of a 10 % wage increase over the life of the pact , plus bonuses -- `` very weak . '' </s>
<s> He added that the company UNK the union 's resolve and the workers ' UNK with * being forced *-1 to work many hours overtime . </s>
<s> In separate developments : -- UNK *ICH*-1 have broken off between Machinists representatives at Lockheed Corp. and the UNK , Calif. , aerospace company . </s>
<s> The union is continuing *-1 to work through its expired contract , however . </s>
<s> It had planned a strike vote for next Sunday , but that has been pushed *-1 back indefinitely . </s>
<s> -- United Auto Workers Local UNK , which *T*-1 represents 3,000 workers at Boeing 's helicopter unit in Delaware County , Pa. , said 0 it agreed *-2 to extend its contract on a UNK basis , with a UNK notification * to cancel , while it continues *-3 bargaining . </s>
<s> The accord expired yesterday . </s>
<s> -- And Boeing on Friday said 0 it received an order *ICH*-1 from UNK UNK for four model UNK UNK UNK valued * at a total of about $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> The planes , long range versions of the UNK UNK , will be delivered *-1 with UNK & UNK UNK engines . </s>
<s> UNK & UNK is a unit of United Technologies Inc . </s>
<s> UNK UNK is based *-1 in Amsterdam . </s>
<s> A Boeing spokeswoman said 0 a delivery date for the planes is still being worked *-1 out `` for a variety of reasons , but not because of the strike . '' </s>
<s> UNK UNK contributed to this article . </s>
<s> UNK Ltd. said 0 its utilities arm is considering *-1 building new electric power plants , some valued * at more than one billion Canadian dollars -LRB- US$ UNK million *U* -RRB- , in Great Britain and elsewhere . </s>
<s> UNK UNK , UNK 's senior vice president , finance , said 0 its UNK Canadian Utilities Ltd. unit is reviewing UNK projects in UNK Canada , and conventional electric power generating plants elsewhere , including Britain , where the British government plans *-1 to allow limited competition in electrical generation from private-sector suppliers as part of its privatization program *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` The projects are big . </s>
<s> They can be C$ 1 billion *U* plus , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` But we would n't go into them alone , '' and Canadian Utilities ' equity stake would be small , he said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` UNK , we 'd like *-1 to be the operator -LCB- of the project -RCB- and a modest equity investor . </s>
<s> Our long suit is our proven ability * to operate '' power plants , he said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK would n't offer UNK regarding UNK 's proposed British project , but he said 0 it would compete for customers with two huge British power generating companies that *T*-2 would be formed *-1 under the country 's plan * to UNK its massive water and electric utilities . </s>
<s> Britain 's government plans *-1 to raise about # 20 billion *U* -LRB- $ UNK billion *U* -RRB- from the sale of most of its giant water and electric utilities , beginning next month . </s>
<s> The planned electric utility sale , scheduled * for next year , is alone expected *-1 to raise # 13 billion *U* , * making it the world 's largest public offering . </s>
<s> Under terms of the plan , independent UNK would be able *-1 to compete for 15 % of customers until 1994 , and for another 10 % between 1994 and 1998 . </s>
<s> Canadian Utilities had 1988 revenue of C$ UNK billion *U* , mainly from its natural gas and electric utility businesses in Alberta , where the company serves about 800,000 customers *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` There seems *-1 to be a move *ICH*-2 around the world * to UNK the generation of electricity , '' Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-4 , and Canadian Utilities hopes *-3 to capitalize on it . </s>
<s> `` This is a real UNK on our utility side , '' he said , *-1 adding that Canadian Utilities is also UNK projects in UNK countries , though he would be specific . </s>
<s> Canadian Utilities is n't alone in *-1 exploring power generation opportunities in Britain , in anticipation of the privatization program . </s>
<s> `` We 're certainly looking at some power generating projects in England , '' said *T*-1 Bruce UNK , vice president , corporate strategy and corporate planning , with Enron Corp. , Houston , a big natural gas producer and pipeline operator . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 Enron is considering *-2 building UNK power plants *ICH*-4 in the U.K. capable of *-3 producing about 500 UNK of power at a cost of about $ 300 million to $ 400 million *U* . </s>
<s> PSE Inc. said 0 it expects *-1 to report third earnings of $ 1.3 million to $ 1.7 million *U* , or 14 cents to 18 cents a share . </s>
<s> In the year-ago quarter , the designer and operator of UNK and waste heat recovery plants had net income of $ UNK *U* , or four cents a share , on revenue of about $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> The company said 0 the improvement is related to additional UNK facilities that *T*-3 have been put *-2 into operation . </s>
<s> UNK UNK flights are $ UNK *U* to Paris and $ UNK *U* to London . </s>
<s> In a UNK Journal article Oct. 5 , the fares were reversed *-1 . </s>
<s> Diamond UNK UNK Partners said 0 it had discovered gas offshore Louisiana . </s>
<s> The well UNK at a rate of UNK million cubic feet of gas a day through a 16 UNK opening at UNK between UNK and UNK feet . </s>
<s> Diamond UNK is the operator , with a 100 % interest in the well . </s>
<s> Diamond UNK UNK 's stock rose 12.5 cents Friday *-1 to close at $ 8.25 *U* in New York Stock Exchange composite trading . </s>
<s> UNK & Broad Home Corp. said 0 it formed a $ UNK million *U* limited partnership subsidiary 0 *T*-1 to buy land in California UNK for residential development . </s>
<s> The partnership , UNK & Broad Land Development Venture Limited Partnership , is a 50-50 joint venture with a trust created * by institutional clients of UNK UNK Corp. , a unit of UNK Financial Corp. , a real estate advisory , management and development company with offices in Chicago and Beverly Hills , Calif . </s>
<s> UNK & Broad , a home building company , declined *-1 to identify the institutional investors . </s>
<s> The land 0 *T*-2 to be purchased *-1 by the joint venture has n't yet received UNK and other approvals required * for development , and part of UNK & Broad 's job will be * to obtain such approvals . </s>
<s> The partnership runs the risk that it may not get the approvals for development , but in return , it can buy land at wholesale rather than retail prices , which *T*-2 can result in sizable savings , said 0 *T*-1 Bruce UNK , president and chief executive officer of UNK & Broad . </s>
<s> `` There are really very few companies that *T*-3 have adequate capital 0 * to buy properties in a raw state for cash *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Typically , developers option property , and then once they get the administrative approvals , they buy it , '' said *T*-1 Mr. UNK , *-2 adding that he believes 0 the joint venture is the first of its kind . </s>
<s> `` We usually operate in that conservative manner . '' </s>
<s> By *-1 setting up the joint venture , UNK & Broad can take the more aggressive approach of *-1 buying raw land , while *-1 avoiding the negative UNK to its own balance sheet , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The company is putting up only 10 % of the capital , although it is responsible for *-1 providing management , planning and processing services to the joint venture . </s>
<s> `` This is one of the best ways 0 * to UNK a pipeline of land 0 *T*-2 to fuel our growth at a minimum risk to our company *T*-3 , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> When the price of plastics took off in 1987 *T*-1 , Quantum Chemical Corp. went along for the ride . </s>
<s> The timing of Quantum 's chief executive officer , John UNK UNK , appeared *-1 to be nothing less than inspired , because he had just increased Quantum 's reliance on plastics . </s>
<s> The company UNK much of the chemical industry as annual profit grew UNK in two years . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said of the boom , 0 `` It 's going *-1 to last a whole lot longer than anybody thinks 0 *?* . '' </s>
<s> But now prices have UNK and Quantum 's profit is UNK . </s>
<s> Some securities analysts are looking for no better than UNK results from the company for the third quarter , compared with year-earlier profit of $ UNK million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on sales of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> The stock , *-1 having lost nearly a quarter of its value since Sept. 1 , closed at $ UNK *U* share , down $ 1.125 *U* , in New York Stock Exchange composite trading Friday . </s>
<s> To a degree , Quantum represents the new times that *T*-1 have arrived for producers of the so-called commodity plastics that *T*-2 UNK modern life . </s>
<s> *-1 Having just passed through one of the most profitable periods in their history , these producers now see their prices UNK . </s>
<s> UNK cycles , * to be sure , are nothing new for plastics producers . </s>
<s> And the financial decline of some looks steep only in comparison with the UNK period that *T*-1 is just behind them . </s>
<s> `` We were all UNK UNK last year , '' says *T*-1 an executive at one of Quantum 's competitors . </s>
<s> `` Now we 're at the bottom of the UNK . '' </s>
<s> At Quantum , which *T*-3 is based *-1 in New York , the trouble is UNK *-2 by the company 's heavy UNK on plastics . </s>
<s> *-2 Once known *-1 as National UNK & Chemical Corp. , the company UNK the wine and spirits business and UNK more of its resources into plastics after Mr. UNK took the chief executive 's job in 1986 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK , 59 years old , declined *-2 to be interviewed *-1 for this article , but he has consistently argued that over the long haul -- across both the UNK and the UNK of the plastics market -- Quantum will UNK through its new direction . </s>
<s> Quantum 's lot is mostly tied *-1 to polyethylene UNK , used * * to make UNK bags , milk UNK , UNK , UNK and meat packaging , among other items . </s>
<s> In the U.S. polyethylene market , Quantum has claimed the largest share , about 20 % . </s>
<s> But its competitors -- including Dow Chemical Co. , Union Carbide Corp. and several oil giants -- have much broader business interests and so are better UNK *-1 against price swings . </s>
<s> When the price of polyethylene moves a mere penny a pound *T*-1 , Quantum 's annual profit UNK by about 85 cents a share , provided 0 no other UNK are changing . </s>
<s> In recent months the price of polyethylene , even more than that of other commodity plastics , has taken a dive . </s>
<s> UNK grades , which *T*-1 still sold for as much as 50 cents a pound last spring , have skidded to between 35 cents and 40 cents . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , the price of UNK , the chemical building block of polyethylene , has n't dropped nearly so fast . </s>
<s> That UNK UNK Quantum badly , because its own plants cover only about half of its UNK needs . </s>
<s> By many accounts , an early UNK of a price rout in the making came at the start of this year . </s>
<s> China , which *T*-1 had been putting in huge orders for polyethylene , abruptly halted them . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK that excess polyethylene would soon be UNK around the world , other buyers then bet that prices had peaked and so began *-1 to draw down inventories rather than order new product . </s>
<s> Kenneth Mitchell , director of Dow 's polyethylene business , says 0 producers were surprised *-1 to learn how much inventories had swelled throughout the distribution chain as prices UNK up *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` People were even UNK bags , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Now producers hope 0 prices have hit bottom . </s>
<s> They recently announced increases of a few cents a pound 0 *T*-1 to take effect in the next several weeks . </s>
<s> No one knows , however , whether the new posted prices will stick once producers and customers start *-1 to UNK . </s>
<s> One UNK is George UNK , a UNK analyst at Oppenheimer & Co. and a bear on plastics stocks . </s>
<s> *-3 UNK others ' estimates of when price increases can be sustained *-1 *T*-2 , he remarks , 0 `` Some say October . </s>
<s> Some say November . </s>
<s> I say 1992 . '' </s>
<s> He argues that efforts * to firm up prices will be undermined *-1 by producers ' plans * to expand production capacity . </s>
<s> A quick turnaround is crucial to Quantum because its cash requirements remain heavy . </s>
<s> The company is trying *-1 to carry out a three-year , $ 1.3 billion *U* UNK program started * this year . </s>
<s> At the same time , its annual payments on long-term debt will more than double from a year ago to about $ 240 million *U* , largely because of debt taken * on * to pay a $ UNK *U* special dividend earlier this year . </s>
<s> Quantum described the payout at the time as a way 0 for it to share the UNK with its holders *T*-1 , because its stock price was n't reflecting the huge profit increases . </s>
<s> Some analysts saw the payment as an effort * also to UNK takeover speculation . </s>
<s> Whether a cash crunch might eventually force the company to cut its quarterly dividend , raised 36 % to 75 cents a share only a year ago , has become a topic of intense speculation on Wall Street since Mr. UNK UNK dividend questions in a Sept. 29 meeting with analysts . </s>
<s> Some viewed his response -- that company directors review the dividend regularly -- as nothing more than the standard line from executives . </s>
<s> But others came away *-1 thinking 0 he had given something less than his usual UNK performance . </s>
<s> In any case , on the day of the meeting , Quantum 's shares slid $ UNK *U* to $ UNK *U* in Big Board trading . </s>
<s> On top of everything else , Quantum UNK a disaster at its plant in Morris , Ill . </s>
<s> After an explosion UNK the plant in June , the company UNK in September to within 12 hours of * completing the UNK process of * UNK it . </s>
<s> Then a second explosion occurred . </s>
<s> Two workers died and six remain in the hospital . </s>
<s> This human toll adds the most painful UNK yet to the sudden change in Quantum 's fortunes . </s>
<s> Until this year , the company had been steadily lowering its accident rate and picking up UNK safety UNK . </s>
<s> A prolonged production halt at the plant could introduce another UNK into Quantum 's financial future . </s>
<s> When a plant has just been running flat out *-1 to meet demand *T*-2 , * UNK lost profit and thus claims under UNK insurance is UNK . </s>
<s> But the numbers become UNK -- and subject to UNK between insured and insurer -- when demand is shifting *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` You say 0 you could have sold UNK percent of this product and UNK percent of that , '' recalls *T*-2 UNK UNK , an analyst at Shearson Lehman Hutton who *T*-1 went through this exercise during his former career as a chemical engineer . </s>
<s> `` And then you still have *-1 to negotiate . '' </s>
<s> Quantum hopes 0 the Morris plant , where limited production got under way last week *T*-1 , will resume full operation by year 's end . </s>
<s> The plant usually accounts for 20 % to 25 % *U* of Quantum 's polyethylene production and 50 % of its UNK production . </s>
<s> Not everything looks grim for Quantum . </s>
<s> The plant expansion should strengthen the company 's UNK in the polyethylene business , where market share is often taken *-1 through sheer capacity *T*-2 . </s>
<s> By *-1 UNK UNK production , the expansion will also lower the company 's raw material costs . </s>
<s> Quantum is also UNK its grip on its one large business outside chemicals , UNK marketing . </s>
<s> Through a venture with its investment banker , First Boston Corp. , Quantum completed in August an acquisition of UNK Inc. in a transaction valued * at $ 1.18 billion *U* . </s>
<s> UNK is the second-largest UNK distributor in the U.S. . </s>
<s> The largest , UNK UNK , was already owned *-1 by Quantum . </s>
<s> Still , Quantum has a crisis 0 * to get past *T*-1 right now . </s>
<s> Some analysts speculate 0 the weakening stock may yet attract a suitor . </s>
<s> The name UNK in rumors is British Petroleum Co. , which *T*-1 is looking *-2 to expand its polyethylene business in the U.S. . </s>
<s> *-2 Asked *-1 about a bid for Quantum , a UNK spokesman says , `` 0 We pretty much have a policy of *-3 not commenting on rumors , and I think 0 that falls in that category . </s>
<s> RJR Nabisco Inc. is UNK its division responsible for * buying network advertising time , just a month after *-1 moving 11 of the group 's 14 employees to New York from Atlanta . </s>
<s> A spokesman for the New York-based food and tobacco giant , taken * private earlier this year in a $ 25 billion *U* leveraged buy-out by UNK Kravis Roberts & Co. , confirmed that it is UNK down the RJR Nabisco UNK unit , and UNK its 14 employees , in a move * to save money . </s>
<s> The spokesman said 0 RJR is discussing its UNK plans with its two main advertising firms , UNK Katz and UNK UNK . </s>
<s> `` We found with the size of our media purchases that an ad agency could do just as good a job at significantly lower cost , '' said *T*-3 the spokesman , who *T*-1 declined *-4 to specify how much RJR spends *T*-2 on network television time . </s>
<s> An executive close to the company said 0 RJR is spending about $ 140 million *U* *ICH*-1 on network television time this year , down from roughly $ 200 million *U* last year . </s>
<s> The spokesman said 0 the broadcast unit will be UNK *-1 Dec. 1 , and the move wo n't affect RJR 's print , radio and UNK buying practices . </s>
<s> The broadcast group had been based *-1 in New York until a year ago , when RJR 's previous management moved it to Atlanta , the company 's headquarters before this summer *T*-2 . </s>
<s> One employee with the group said 0 RJR moved 11 employees of the group back to New York in September because `` there was supposed *-1 to be a future . '' </s>
<s> He said 0 the company hired three more buyers for the unit within the past two weeks , *-1 UNK them from jobs with advertising agencies . </s>
<s> The RJR spokesman said 0 the company moved the 11 employees to New York last month because the group had then been in the midst of *-1 purchasing ad time for the networks ' UNK season . </s>
<s> `` The studies -LCB- on * closing the unit -RCB- could n't be completed *-1 until now , '' he said *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The group 's president , Peter UNK , was n't in his office Friday afternoon *-1 to comment . </s>
<s> The U.S. , which *T*-1 is UNK its UNK quotas , is UNK a larger share of its steel market to developing and newly industrialized countries which *T*-2 have relatively UNK steel industries . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , the U.S. has negotiated a significant cut in Japan 's steel quota , and made only a minor increase to the steel UNK for the European Community . </s>
<s> Brazil , similar to Mexico and South Korea , is expected *-2 to negotiate a somewhat bigger share of the U.S. market than it had * under the previous five-year steel quotas , which *T*-1 expired Sept. 30 . </s>
<s> Brazil and Venezuela are the only two countries that *T*-1 have n't completed steel talks with the U.S. for the year ending Oct. 1 , 1990 . </s>
<s> In recent years , U.S. steelmakers have supplied about 80 % of the 100 million tons of steel used * annually by the nation . </s>
<s> Of the remaining 20 % needed * , the UNK negotiations UNK about 15 % *T*-3 to foreign suppliers , with the difference supplied *-4 mainly by Canada -- which *T*-2 is n't included *-1 in the quota program . </s>
<s> Other countries that *T*-1 do n't have formal steel quotas with the U.S. , such as Taiwan , Sweden and Argentina , also have supplied steel . </s>
<s> Some of these countries have in recent years made informal agreements with the U.S. that *T*-1 are similar to quotas . </s>
<s> The Bush administration earlier this year said 0 it would extend steel quotas , known * as voluntary restraint agreements , until March 31 , 1992 . </s>
<s> It also said 0 it would use that UNK year period *-2 to work toward an international consensus on * UNK up the international steel trade , which *T*-1 has been UNK managed , subsidized and protected *-3 by governments . </s>
<s> The U.S. termed its plan , a `` trade UNK program , '' despite the fact that it is merely an extension . </s>
<s> Mexico , which *T*-1 was one of the first countries 0 *T*-2 to conclude its steel talks with the U.S. , virtually doubled its quota to UNK % of the U.S. steel market from UNK % under the previous quotas . </s>
<s> South Korea , which *T*-1 had 1.9 % under the previous quotas , is set *-2 to get a small increase to about UNK % . </s>
<s> That increase rises to slightly more than 2 % of the U.S. market if a joint UNK steel project is included *-1 . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , Brazil is expected *-2 to increase its UNK from the UNK % share 0 it has had *T*-1 in recent years . </s>
<s> The EC and Japan -- the U.S. 's largest steel suppliers -- have n't been filling their quotas to the full extent . </s>
<s> The EC steel industry , which *T*-1 has been UNK with strong European demand , has been UNK about 5 % of the U.S. market compared with recent quotas of about 6.7 % . </s>
<s> Japan has been shipping steel 0 *T*-1 to total about 4.5 % of the U.S. market compared with a quota of 5.9 % . </s>
<s> In the recent talks , the EC had its quota increased about 300,000 tons , to 7 % of the U.S. market from 6.7 % in 1988 . </s>
<s> But its quota has been as high as 6.9 % in 1984 . </s>
<s> Japan , however , has agreed *-1 to cut its quota to about 5 % from 5.9 % previously . </s>
<s> Japan , the EC , Brazil , Mexico and South Korea provide about 80 % of the steel imported * to the U.S. under the quota program . </s>
<s> The balance is supplied *-1 by a host of smaller exporters , such as Australia and Venezuela . </s>
<s> The U.S. had about an extra 2 % of the domestic steel market 0 * to give *T*-1 to foreign suppliers in its quota talks . </s>
<s> That was essentially made *-1 up of a 1 % increase in the overall quota program and 1 % from * cutting Japan 's UNK . </s>
<s> UNK from the White House trade office will repeat these quota negotiations next year when they will have another 1 % of the U.S. steel market 0 * to UNK *T*-1 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> These UNK UNK increases to the steel quota program are built *-1 into the Bush administration 's UNK program * to give its negotiators leverage with foreign steel suppliers 0 * to try *-2 to get them to withdraw subsidies and UNK from their own steel industries *T*-3 . </s>
<s> UNK Inc. expects fiscal second-quarter earnings to trail 1988 results , but anticipates that several new products will lead to a `` much stronger '' performance in its second half . </s>
<s> UNK , a telecommunications company , had net income of $ UNK *U* , or five cents a share , in its year-earlier second quarter , ended Sept. 30 . </s>
<s> Revenue totaled $ 5 million *U* . </s>
<s> George UNK , chairman and chief executive officer , said in an interview that earnings in the most recent quarter will be about two cents a share on revenue of just under $ 4 million *U* . </s>
<s> The lower results , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-1 , reflect a 12-month decline in industry sales of privately owned pay telephones , UNK 's primary business . </s>
<s> Although Mr. UNK expects that line of business to strengthen in the next year , he said 0 UNK will also benefit from *-1 moving into other areas . </s>
<s> UNK among those is *T*-1 the company 's UNK into the public facsimile business , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Within the next year , UNK expects *-1 to place 10,000 UNK machines , made * by UNK in Japan , in hotels , municipal buildings , UNK and other public UNK around the country . </s>
<s> UNK will provide a credit-card reader 0 for the machines to collect , store and forward billing data *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 UNK should realize a minimum of $ 10 *U* of UNK net earnings for each machine each month . </s>
<s> UNK has also developed an automatic call UNK that *T*-1 will make further use of the company 's system for * UNK and handling credit-card calls and collect calls . </s>
<s> UNK call processors will provide that system for virtually any telephone , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-1 , not just phones produced * by UNK . </s>
<s> The company will also be producing a new line of convenience telephones , which *T*-1 do n't accept coins , for use in hotel UNK , office UNK , UNK UNK and similar UNK . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK estimated that the processors and convenience phones would produce about $ 5 *U* of UNK net earnings for each machine each month . </s>
<s> Britain 's retail price index rose 0.7 % in September from August and was up 7.6 % for the year , the Central UNK Office said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK Medical Inc. said 0 it adopted a shareholders ' rights plan in which rights * to purchase shares of common stock will be distributed *-1 as a dividend to shareholders of record as of Oct. 23 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The company said 0 the plan was n't adopted *-1 in response to any known offers for UNK , a maker and marketer of hospital products . </s>
<s> The rights allow shareholders to purchase UNK stock at a discount if any person or group acquires more than 15 % of the company 's common stock or UNK a tender offer . </s>
<s> UNK UNK may soon be replaced *-1 by UNK in the UNK room . </s>
<s> Procter & Gamble Co. plans *-2 to begin *-3 testing next month a UNK detergent that *T*-1 will require only a few UNK per UNK . </s>
<s> The move stems from UNK learned * in Japan where local competitors have had UNK success with concentrated UNK *T*-1 . </s>
<s> It also marks P&G 's growing concern that its Japanese rivals , such as UNK Corp. , may bring their UNK to the U.S. . </s>
<s> The Cincinnati UNK giant got UNK *-1 two years ago in Japan when UNK introduced a powerful detergent , called * UNK , which *T*-2 quickly won a 30 % stake in the Japanese markets . </s>
<s> `` They do n't want *-2 to get caught *-3 again , '' says *T*-1 one industry UNK . </s>
<s> UNK in Phoenix , Ariz. , say 0 P&G 's new UNK detergent -- 0 *T*-2 to be called *-1 UNK with Color Guard -- will be on shelves in that market by early November . </s>
<s> A P&G spokeswoman confirmed that shipments to Phoenix started late last month . </s>
<s> She said 0 the company will study results from this market before *-1 expanding to others . </s>
<s> UNK are n't entirely new for P&G . </s>
<s> The company introduced a UNK UNK UNK in Japan after *-1 watching the success of UNK . </s>
<s> When UNK hit the shelves in 1987 *T*-1 , P&G 's share of the Japanese market fell to about 8 % from more than 20 % . </s>
<s> With the help of UNK UNK , P&G 's share is now estimated *-1 to be 12 % . </s>
<s> While the Japanese have embraced the compact packaging and convenience of concentrated products , the true test for P&G will be in the $ 4 billion *U* U.S. detergent market , where growth is slow *T*-1 and UNK have gained UNK over UNK *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The company may have chosen *-1 to market the product under the UNK name since it 's already expanded its UNK UNK into 16 different UNK , including this year 's big hit , UNK with UNK . </s>
<s> With UNK , however , it *EXP*-1 is n't always easy * to persuade consumers that less is more ; many people tend *-2 to dump too much detergent into the UNK machine , *-2 UNK that it *EXP*-3 takes a cup of UNK * to really clean the UNK . </s>
<s> In the early 1980s , P&G tried *-2 to launch here a concentrated detergent under the UNK brand name that it markets *T*-1 in Europe . </s>
<s> But the product , which *T*-1 was n't as concentrated as the new UNK , UNK in a market test in Denver and was dropped *-2 . </s>
<s> P&G and others also have tried repeatedly *-1 to hook consumers on detergent and fabric UNK UNK in UNK , but they have n't sold well , despite the convenience . </s>
<s> But P&G contends 0 the new UNK is a unique formula that *T*-1 also offers an UNK that *T*-2 prevents colors from *-3 UNK . </s>
<s> And retailers are expected *-1 to UNK the product , in part because it will take up less shelf space . </s>
<s> `` When shelf space was cheap *T*-1 , bigger was better , '' says UNK UNK , an analyst at Salomon UNK . </s>
<s> But with so many brands UNK for space , that 's no longer the case . </s>
<s> If the new UNK sells well , the trend toward smaller packaging is likely *-1 to accelerate as competitors follow with their own UNK . </s>
<s> Then retailers `` will probably push the -LCB- UNK -RCB- brands out altogether , '' he says 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Competition is bound *-1 to get tougher if UNK UNK a product like UNK in the U.S. . </s>
<s> * To be sure , UNK would n't have an easy time * taking U.S. market share away from the UNK P&G , which *T*-2 has about 23 % of the market . </s>
<s> UNK officials previously have said 0 they are interested in *-1 selling UNK in the U.S. , but so far the company has focused on acquisitions , such as last year 's purchase of Andrew UNK Co. , a Cincinnati UNK maker . </s>
<s> It also has a UNK facility in California . </s>
<s> Some believe 0 P&G 's interest in a UNK detergent goes beyond the concern for the Japanese . </s>
<s> `` This is something 0 P&G would do *T*-1 with or without UNK , '' says *T*-2 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> With economic tension between the U.S. and Japan worsening , many Japanese had feared last week 's visit from U.S. Trade UNK UNK Hills . </s>
<s> They expected a new UNK of demands that Japan do something quickly *-1 to reduce its trade surplus with the U.S. . </s>
<s> Instead , they got a discussion of the need for the U.S. and Japan to work together and of the importance of the long-term view . </s>
<s> Mrs. Hills ' first trip to Japan as America 's chief trade UNK had a completely different tone from last month 's visit by Commerce Secretary Robert A. Mosbacher . </s>
<s> Mr. Mosbacher called for concrete results by next spring in negotiations over fundamental Japanese business practices that *T*-1 supposedly inhibit free trade . </s>
<s> He said 0 such results should be `` UNK in dollars and cents '' in * reducing the U.S. trade deficit with Japan . </s>
<s> But Mrs. Hills , *-1 speaking at a breakfast meeting of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan on Saturday , stressed that the objective `` is not * to get definitive action by spring or summer , it is rather * to have a UNK for action . '' </s>
<s> She added that she expected `` *-1 perhaps to have a down payment ... some small step 0 *T*-2 to convince the American people and the Japanese people that we 're moving in UNK . '' </s>
<s> How such remarks translate into policy *T*-1 wo n't become clear for months . </s>
<s> American and Japanese officials offered several theories for the difference in approach UNK Mr. Mosbacher and Mrs. Hills . </s>
<s> Many called it simply a contrast in styles . </s>
<s> But some saw it as a classic negotiating UNK . </s>
<s> Others said 0 the Bush administration may feel 0 the rhetoric on both sides is getting out of hand . </s>
<s> And some said 0 it reflected the growing debate in Washington over * pursuing free trade with Japan UNK some kind of managed trade . </s>
<s> *-1 Asked *-2 *-3 to compare her visit to Mr. Mosbacher 's , Mrs. Hills replied : 0 `` I did n't hear every word 0 he spoke *T*-4 , but as a general UNK , I think 0 we have a very consistent trade strategy in the Bush administration . '' </s>
<s> Yet more than one American official who *T*-1 sat in with her during three days of talks with Japanese officials said 0 her tone often was surprisingly `` UNK . '' </s>
<s> `` I think 0 my line has been very consistent , '' Mrs. Hills said *T*-1 at a news conference Saturday afternoon . </s>
<s> `` I am painted *-1 sometimes as UNK , perhaps because I have a UNK list of statutes 0 * to implement *T*-2 . </s>
<s> I do n't feel very UNK . </s>
<s> I do n't feel either hard or soft . </s>
<s> I feel committed to the program of * opening markets and expanding trade . '' </s>
<s> When she met the local press for the first time on Friday *T*-1 , Mrs. Hills firmly reiterated the need for progress in * removing barriers to trade in forest products , UNK and UNK , three areas targeted * under the UNK UNK provision of the 1988 trade bill . </s>
<s> She UNK UNK business practices that the U.S. government has identified *T*-1 . </s>
<s> But her main UNK was * to promote the importance of world-wide free trade and open competition . </s>
<s> She said 0 the trade UNK was mainly due to UNK factors and should n't be UNK *-1 by * setting UNK targets . </s>
<s> At her news conference for Japanese reporters , one economics journalist UNK up the Japanese sense of relief . </s>
<s> `` My impression was that you would be a UNK old lady , '' he said *T*-1 , *-2 drawing a few nervous UNK from his colleagues . </s>
<s> `` But I am relieved *-1 to see that you are beautiful and UNK and UNK and a person of integrity . '' </s>
<s> Mrs. Hills ' remarks did raise questions , at least among some U.S. officials , about what exactly her stance *ICH*-2 is *T*-1 on U.S. access to the Japanese semiconductor market . </s>
<s> The U.S. share of the Japanese market has been stuck *-1 around 10 % for years . </s>
<s> Many Americans have interpreted a 1986 agreement as *-1 UNK U.S. companies a 20 % share by 1991 , but the Japanese have denied *-2 making any such promise . </s>
<s> At one of her news UNK , Mrs. Hills said , 0 `` I believe 0 we can do much better than 20 % . '' </s>
<s> But she stressed , 0 `` I am against managed trade . </s>
<s> I will not enter into an agreement that *T*-1 UNK to a percentage of the market . </s>
<s> UNK Industries Inc. said 0 it expects *-2 to report a net loss for the fourth quarter that *T*-1 ended June 30 and is seeking new financing . </s>
<s> The seller of photographic products and services said 0 it is considering a number of financing alternatives , including * seeking increases in its credit lines . </s>
<s> UNK declined *-1 to estimate the amount of the loss and would n't say if it expects *-2 to show a profit for the year . </s>
<s> In the year ended June 30 , 1988 , UNK reported net income of $ 4.9 million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share . </s>
<s> The company did n't break out its fourth-quarter results . </s>
<s> In the latest nine months net income was $ 4.7 million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on revenue of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> Separately , the company said 0 it would file a delayed UNK report with the Securities and Exchange Commission `` within approximately 45 days . '' </s>
<s> It said 0 the delay resulted from difficulties in * UNK its accounting of a settlement with the Federal Trade Commission . </s>
<s> Under an agreement *ICH*-1 filed * in federal court in August * to settle FTC objections to some UNK sales practices , UNK said 0 it would establish a $ 250,000 *U* trust fund 0 *T*-2 to provide refunds to certain customers . </s>
<s> Information International Inc. said 0 it was sued *-1 by a buyer of its computerized UNK system , alleging that the company failed *-2 to correct deficiencies in the system . </s>
<s> A spokesman for Information International said 0 the lawsuit by two units of Morris Communications Corp. seeks UNK of the system 's about $ 3 million *U* purchase price and UNK of a software license provided * by the Morris units to Information International for alleged failure * to pay UNK . </s>
<s> Information International said 0 it believes that the complaints , *-1 filed * in federal court in Georgia , are without merit . </s>
<s> UNK held Morris Communications is based *-1 in UNK , UNK . </s>
<s> The units that *T*-1 filed the suit are UNK UNK Corp. and Florida Publishing Co . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. completed the sale of its A. UNK & Co. subsidiary , a men 's luxury UNK , to UNK Investments . </s>
<s> Terms were n't disclosed *-1 . </s>
<s> As UNK 's `` core business of UNK retailing grows , a small subsidiary that *T*-1 is UNK unrelated becomes a difficult UNK , '' said *T*-2 UNK UNK , president of the parent , in a statement . </s>
<s> A spokeswoman said 0 UNK operates a total of seven stores in the U.S. and overseas . </s>
<s> UNK operates 25 UNK apparel stores in the U.S. . </s>
<s> The oil industry 's UNK profits could UNK through the rest of the year . </s>
<s> Major oil companies in the next few days are expected *-1 to report much less robust earnings than they did *?* for the third quarter a year ago , largely reflecting deteriorating chemical prices and gasoline profitability . </s>
<s> The gasoline picture may improve this quarter , but chemicals are likely *-1 to remain weak , industry executives and analysts say 0 *T*-2 , * reducing chances that profits could equal their year-earlier performance . </s>
<s> The industry is `` seeing a softening somewhat in volume and certainly in price in UNK , '' Glenn UNK , president of Phillips Petroleum Co. , said 0 *T*-1 in an interview . </s>
<s> `` That change will obviously impact third and fourth quarter earnings '' for the industry in general , he added 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> He did n't forecast Phillips 's results . </s>
<s> But securities analysts say 0 Phillips will be among the companies UNK by weak chemical prices and will probably post a drop in third-quarter earnings . </s>
<s> So , too , many analysts predict 0 *T*-2 , will *?* *T*-1 Exxon Corp. , Chevron Corp. and Amoco Corp . </s>
<s> Typical is *T*-2 what *T*-1 happened to the price of UNK , a major commodity chemical produced * in vast amounts by many oil companies . </s>
<s> It has plunged 13 % since July to around 26 cents a pound . </s>
<s> A year ago UNK sold for 33 cents , *-1 UNK at about 34 cents last December . </s>
<s> A big reason for the chemical price retreat is UNK . </s>
<s> UNK in UNK , prices began *-1 accelerating as a growing U.S. economy and the weak dollar spurred demand . </s>
<s> Companies added capacity UNK . </s>
<s> Now , greatly increased supplies are on the market , while the dollar is stronger , and domestic economic growth is slower . </s>
<s> Third-quarter profits from gasoline were weaker . </s>
<s> `` UNK margins were so good in the third quarter of last year and generally not very good this year , '' said *T*-1 William UNK , a securities analyst at First Boston Corp . </s>
<s> Oil company UNK ran flat out *-2 to prepare for a robust holiday driving season in July and August that *T*-1 did n't UNK . </s>
<s> The excess supply pushed gasoline prices down in that period . </s>
<s> In addition , crude oil prices were up some from a year earlier , * further UNK profitability . </s>
<s> UNK say 0 margins picked up in September , and many industry officials believe 0 gasoline profits will rebound this quarter , though still not to the level of 1988 's fourth quarter . </s>
<s> During the 1988 second half , many companies posted record gasoline and chemical profits . </s>
<s> Crude oil production may turn out *-2 to be the most surprising element of companies ' earnings this year . </s>
<s> Prices -- *-1 averaging roughly $ 2 *U* a barrel higher in the third quarter than a year earlier -- have stayed well above most companies ' expectations . </s>
<s> Demand has been much stronger than * anticipated *-1 , and it typically UNK in the fourth quarter . </s>
<s> `` We could see higher oil prices this year , '' said *T*-1 UNK UNK , an analyst at PaineWebber Inc . </s>
<s> That will translate into sharply higher production profits , particularly compared with last year when oil prices steadily fell to below $ 13 *U* a barrel in the fourth quarter *T*-1 . </s>
<s> While oil prices have been better than * expected *-1 , natural gas prices have been worse . </s>
<s> In the third quarter , they averaged about 5 % less than they were *?* in 1988 . </s>
<s> The main reason remains weather . </s>
<s> Last summer was UNK for a heat wave and drought that *T*-1 caused utilities to UNK more natural gas *-2 to feed increased electrical demand from air UNK use . </s>
<s> This summer , on the other hand , had UNK weather than usual . </s>
<s> `` We 've been very disappointed in the performance of natural gas prices , '' said *T*-1 Mr. UNK , Phillips 's president . </s>
<s> `` The lagging gas price is not going *-1 to assist fourth quarter performance as many had expected 0 *?* . '' </s>
<s> *-1 UNK into the fourth quarter , natural gas prices are anywhere from 8 % to 17 % *U* lower than a year earlier . </s>
<s> For instance , natural gas currently produced * along the Gulf Coast is selling on the spot market for around $ UNK *U* a thousand cubic feet , down 13 % from $ UNK *U* a thousand cubic feet a year ago . </s>
<s> The Bush administration , *-1 trying *-2 to UNK growing demands from Western Europe for a UNK of controls on exports to the Soviet bloc , is questioning whether Italy 's UNK . C. Olivetti & Co. supplied UNK valuable technology to the Soviets . </s>
<s> Most of the Western European members of UNK Committee on UNK UNK UNK , the UNK UNK through which the U.S. and its allies UNK their UNK policies *T*-2 , are expected *-3 to argue for more liberal export rules at a meeting 0 *T*-4 to be held *-1 in Paris Oct. 25 and 26 . </s>
<s> They plan *-1 to press specifically for a UNK of rules governing exports of machine tools , computers and other high-technology products . </s>
<s> But the Bush administration says 0 it wants *-1 to see evidence that all UNK members are UNK fully with existing UNK procedures before it will support further UNK . </s>
<s> *-2 To make its point , it is challenging the Italian government *-3 to explain reports that Olivetti may have supplied the Soviet Union with sophisticated computer-driven devices that *T*-1 could be used *-4 * to build parts for combat aircraft . </s>
<s> The London Sunday Times , which *T*-1 first reported the U.S. concerns , cited a U.S. intelligence report as the source of the allegations that Olivetti exported $ 25 million *U* in `` UNK , UNK , flexible manufacturing systems to the Soviet aviation industry . '' </s>
<s> Olivetti reportedly began *-1 shipping these tools in 1984 . </s>
<s> A State Department spokesman acknowledged that the U.S. is discussing the allegations with the Italian government and UNK , but declined *-1 to confirm any details . </s>
<s> Italian President UNK UNK promised a quick investigation into whether Olivetti broke UNK rules . </s>
<s> President Bush called his attention to the matter during the Italian leader 's visit here last week . </s>
<s> Olivetti has denied that it violated UNK rules , *-2 UNK that the reported shipments were properly licensed *-1 by the Italian authorities . </s>
<s> Although the UNK of these sales is still an open question , the disclosure could n't be better UNK *-2 * to support the position of UNK UNK in the Pentagon and the intelligence community . </s>
<s> `` It seems to me that a story like this breaks just before every important UNK meeting , '' said *T*-1 a Washington lobbyist for a number of U.S. computer companies . </s>
<s> The Bush administration has sent UNK signals about its UNK policies , * reflecting UNK divisions among several competing agencies . </s>
<s> Last summer , Mr. Bush moved the administration in the direction of UNK UNK when he told a North Atlantic UNK Organization meeting that he would allow some exceptions to the UNK UNK of strategic goods *T*-1 . </s>
<s> But more recently , the Pentagon and the Commerce Department openly UNK over the extent to which UNK should UNK exports of personal computers to the bloc *T*-1 . </s>
<s> However , these agencies generally agree that the West should be cautious about any further UNK . </s>
<s> `` There 's no evidence that the Soviet program 0 *T*-2 to -LRB- illegally -RRB- acquire Western technology has diminished , '' said *T*-1 a State Department spokesman . </s>
<s> Salomon Brothers International Ltd. , a British subsidiary of Salomon Inc. , announced 0 it will issue warrants on shares of Hong Kong Telecommunications Ltd . </s>
<s> The move closely follows a similar offer by Salomon of warrants for shares of UNK & Shanghai Banking Corp . </s>
<s> Under the latest offer , HK$ 62.5 million *U* -LRB- US$ 8 million *U* -RRB- of three-year warrants will be issued *-1 in London , each giving buyers the right * to buy one Hong Kong Telecommunications share at a price 0 *T*-3 to be determined *-2 Friday . </s>
<s> The 50 million warrants will be priced *-1 at HK$ 1.25 *U* each and are expected *-1 to carry a premium to the share price of about 26 % . </s>
<s> In trading on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong , the shares closed Wednesday at HK$ UNK *U* each . </s>
<s> At this price , the shares would have *-1 to rise above HK$ UNK *U* for subscribers to Salomon 's issue to UNK convert their warrants . </s>
<s> While Hong Kong companies have in the past issued warrants on their own shares , Salomon 's warrants are the first here 0 *T*-2 to be issued *-1 by a third party . </s>
<s> Salomon will `` cover '' the warrants by *-1 buying sufficient shares , or options 0 * to purchase shares *T*-2 , 0 *T*-3 to cover its entire position . </s>
<s> Bankers said 0 warrants for Hong Kong stocks are attractive because they give foreign investors , wary of volatility in the colony 's stock market , an opportunity * to buy shares without *-1 taking too great a risk . </s>
<s> The Hong Kong Telecommunications warrants should be attractive to buyers in Europe , the bankers added 0 *T*-3 , because the group is one of a handful of blue-chip stocks on the Hong Kong market that *T*-2 has international appeal . </s>
<s> Financial Corp. of Santa Barbara filed suit against former stock UNK Ivan F. Boesky and Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc. , *-1 charging 0 they UNK the thrift by *-2 UNK their relationship when * UNK it *-4 to buy $ UNK million *U* in high-yield , high-risk junk bonds *T*-3 . </s>
<s> In a suit filed * in federal court Thursday , the S&L alleged that a `` disproportionate number '' of the bonds 0 it purchased *T*-1 in 1984 declined in value . </s>
<s> Financial Corp. purchased the bonds , the suit alleged 0 *T*-1 , after Mr. Boesky and Drexel negotiated an agreement for UNK UNK to purchase a 51 % stake in the thrift for about $ 34 million *U* . </s>
<s> UNK UNK was controlled *-2 by Mr. Boesky , who *T*-3 currently is serving a prison term for securities violations . </s>
<s> Officials at Drexel said 0 they had n't seen the suit and thus could n't comment . </s>
<s> In addition to $ 33 million *U* UNK damages , the suit seeks $ 100 million *U* in punitive damages . </s>
<s> Also named *-1 in the suit is *T*-2 Ivan F. Boesky Corp. and UNK Corp. , the successor company to UNK UNK . </s>
<s> UNK officials could n't be located *-1 . </s>
<s> Financial Corp. said 0 it agreed *-1 to buy the bonds after a representative of Ivan F. Boesky Corp. visited it in November 1983 and said 0 Financial Corp. could improve its financial condition by *-2 purchasing the bonds . </s>
<s> Shortly before the visit , Mr. Boesky and Drexel UNK had met with Financial Corp. officials and had signed a letter of intent * to acquire the 51 % stake in the company . </s>
<s> However , the agreement was canceled *-1 in June 1984 . </s>
<s> Financial Corp. purchased the bonds in at least 70 different transactions in 1984 and since then has realized $ 11 million *U* in losses on them , the company said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Industries Inc. said 0 its directors reached an agreement in principle calling for UNK North America Inc. to combine its North American cement holdings with UNK in a transaction that *T*-1 will leave UNK 's minority shareholders with UNK % of the combined company . </s>
<s> UNK , the North American holding company of Swiss concern UNK Financiere UNK Ltd. , previously proposed * combining its 100 % stake in St. Lawrence UNK Inc. and its 60 % stake in UNK UNK Co. with its 67 % stake in UNK . </s>
<s> But UNK 's first offer would have given UNK 's other shareholders about 10 % of the combined company . </s>
<s> UNK 's directors rejected that offer , although they said 0 they endorsed the merger proposal . </s>
<s> Under the agreement , UNK will own UNK % of the combined company . </s>
<s> UNK 's current operations will represent about UNK % of the combined company . </s>
<s> The transaction is subject to a definitive agreement and approval by UNK shareholders . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 it expects *-1 to complete the transaction early next year . </s>
<s> While corn and soybean prices have slumped well below their UNK UNK of 1988 , wheat prices remain UNK high . </s>
<s> And they 're likely *-1 to stay that way for months 0 *T*-2 to come , analysts say 0 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> For one thing , even with many farmers UNK more winter wheat *ICH*-2 this year than last , tight wheat supplies are likely *-3 to support prices well into 1990 , the analysts say 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> And if rain does n't fall soon across many of the Great UNK ' UNK areas , yields in the crop now being UNK * could be reduced *-1 , * further UNK supplies . </s>
<s> Also supporting prices are *T*-1 expectations that the Soviet Union will place substantial buying orders over the next few months . </s>
<s> By next May 31 , stocks of U.S. wheat 0 *T*-2 to be carried over into the next season -- before the winter wheat now being UNK * is UNK *-1 -- are projected *-3 to drop to UNK million UNK . </s>
<s> That would be the lowest level since the early 1970s . </s>
<s> Stocks were UNK million UNK on May 31 of this year . </s>
<s> In response to UNK domestic supplies , Agriculture Secretary UNK UNK last month said 0 the U.S. government would slightly increase the number of acres 0 farmers can plant *T*-1 in wheat for next year and still qualify for federal support payments . </s>
<s> The government estimates that the new plan will boost production next year by about 66 million UNK . </s>
<s> It now estimates production for next year at just under 2.6 billion UNK , compared with this year 's estimated UNK billion and a UNK UNK billion in 1988 . </s>
<s> But the full effect on prices of the winter wheat now being UNK * wo n't be felt *-1 until the second half of next year . </s>
<s> Until then , limited stocks are likely *-1 to keep prices near the $ UNK *U* level , analysts say 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> On the Chicago Board of Trade Friday , wheat for December delivery settled at $ UNK *U* a bushel , unchanged . </s>
<s> In theory at least , tight supplies next spring could leave the wheat futures market UNK to a UNK squeeze , said *T*-1 Daniel UNK , a futures analyst with UNK Co. in Chicago . </s>
<s> Such a situation can UNK UNK , as * was shown *-1 by the emergency that *T*-2 developed in soybean futures trading this summer on the Chicago Board of Trade . </s>
<s> In July , the UNK ordered UNK UNK S.p . A. *-1 to UNK futures positions equal to about 23 million UNK of soybeans . </s>
<s> The exchange said 0 it feared that some members would n't be able *-2 to find enough soybeans * to deliver and would have *-2 to default on their UNK obligation to the Italian conglomerate , which *T*-1 had refused requests * to reduce its holdings . </s>
<s> UNK has denied 0 it was trying *-1 to manipulate the soybean futures market . </s>
<s> UNK hot , dry weather across large portions of the Great UNK and in UNK areas in Washington and Oregon is threatening *-1 to reduce the yield from this season 's winter wheat crop , said 0 *T*-2 UNK UNK , a futures analyst and head of UNK Analytical in Chicago . </s>
<s> For example , in the Oklahoma UNK , 40 % or more of the UNK is short of UNK . </s>
<s> That figure UNK to about 47 % in UNK portions of Kansas , he said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The Soviet Union has n't given any clear indication of its wheat purchase plans , but many analysts expect Moscow to place sizable orders for U.S. wheat in the next few months , * further supporting prices . </s>
<s> `` Wheat prices will increasingly UNK off of Soviet demand '' in coming weeks , predicted 0 *T*-1 Richard UNK , vice president , research , for UNK Inc. in Chicago . </s>
<s> * Looking ahead to other commodity markets this week : </s>
<s> Orange UNK Traders will be watching *-2 to see how long and how far the price decline that *T*-1 began Friday will go *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Late Thursday , after the close of trading , the market received what UNK would normally have been a bullish U.S. Department of Agriculture estimate of the UNK Florida UNK crop . </s>
<s> It was near the low range of estimates , at 130 million UNK boxes , compared with UNK million boxes last season . </s>
<s> However , as * expected *-1 , Brazil waited for the crop estimate to come out and then cut the export price of its UNK concentrate to about $ UNK *U* a pound from around $ 1.55 *U* . </s>
<s> Friday 's UNK selling of futures contracts erased whatever supportive effect the U.S. report might have had *T*-1 and sent the November UNK UNK contract down as much as UNK cents a pound at one time . </s>
<s> It settled with a loss of UNK cents at $ UNK *U* a pound . </s>
<s> Brazilian UNK , after a delay caused * by drought at the start of its crop season , is beginning *-1 to arrive in the U.S. in large quantities . </s>
<s> Brazil wants *-2 to stimulate demand for its product , which *T*-1 is going *-3 to be in UNK supply . </s>
<s> The price cut , one analyst said 0 *T*-2 , appeared *-3 to be aimed *-1 even more at Europe , where consumption of Brazilian UNK has fallen *T*-4 . </s>
<s> It 's a UNK product , and the strong dollar has made it more expensive in Europe , the analyst said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> New York futures prices have dropped significantly from more than $ 2 *U* a pound at UNK . </s>
<s> UNK a cold UNK or other crop problems in the growing areas , downward pressure on prices is likely *-1 to continue into January , when UNK and processing of UNK in Florida reach their peak *T*-3 , the analyst said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Energy </s>
<s> Although some analysts look for profit-taking in the wake of Friday 's leap in crude oil prices , last week 's rally is generally expected *-1 to continue this week . </s>
<s> `` I would continue *-1 to look for a stable crude market , at least in futures '' trading , said *T*-2 William UNK , an energy futures broker with UNK & Co . </s>
<s> Friday capped a week of steadily rising crude oil prices in both futures and spot markets . </s>
<s> On the New York Mercantile Exchange , West Texas Intermediate crude for November delivery finished at $ UNK *U* a barrel , up 42 cents on the day . </s>
<s> On European markets , meanwhile , spot prices of North Sea UNK were up 35 to 75 cents a barrel . </s>
<s> `` This market still wants *-2 to go higher , '' said *T*-1 UNK UNK , a first vice president at Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc . </s>
<s> He predicted that the November contract will reach $ UNK *U* *ICH*-1 a barrel or more on the New York Mercantile Exchange . </s>
<s> There has been little news 0 *T*-1 to account for such UNK in the oil markets . </s>
<s> Analysts generally cite a lack of bearish developments as well as rumors of a possible UNK of supplies of some fuels and UNK . </s>
<s> There also are UNK reports that the Soviet Union is having difficulties with its oil exports and that UNK has about reached its production limit and ca n't produce as much as it could sell *?* . </s>
<s> Many traders UNK a UNK of near-term supplies , particularly of high-quality UNK such as those produced * in the North Sea and in UNK . </s>
<s> If a hostile UNK *ICH*-1 emerges for Saatchi & Saatchi Co. , UNK Charles and UNK Saatchi will lead a management buy-out attempt , an official close to the company said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Financing for any takeover attempt may be UNK in the wake of Friday 's stock-market sell-off in New York and turmoil in the junk-bond market . </s>
<s> But the UNK British advertising and consulting giant , which *T*-1 last week named a new chief executive officer 0 *T*-2 to replace UNK Saatchi , has been the subject of intense takeover speculation for weeks . </s>
<s> Last week , Saatchi 's largest shareholder , UNK Asset Management , said 0 it had been approached *-1 by one or more third parties interested in a possible restructuring . </s>
<s> And Carl Spielvogel , chief executive officer of Saatchi 's big Backer Spielvogel Bates advertising unit , said 0 he had offered *-1 to lead a management buy-out of the company , but was rebuffed *-1 by Charles Saatchi . </s>
<s> Mr. Spielvogel said 0 he would n't launch a hostile bid . </s>
<s> The executive close to Saatchi & Saatchi said that `` if a bidder came up with a UNK high offer , a crazy offer which Saatchi knew 0 it could n't beat *T*-1 , it would have no choice but * to recommend it to shareholders . </s>
<s> But -LCB- otherwise -RCB- it would UNK come back '' with an offer by management . </s>
<s> The executive said 0 any buy-out would be led *-1 by the current board , whose chairman *T*-2 is UNK Saatchi and whose strategic UNK force *T*-3 is believed *-4 to be Charles Saatchi . </s>
<s> Mr. Spielvogel is n't part of the board , nor are *?* any of the other heads of Saatchi 's big UNK ad agencies . </s>
<s> The executive did n't name any price , but securities analysts have said 0 Saatchi would fetch upward of $ 1.3 billion *U* . </s>
<s> The executive denied speculation that Saatchi was bringing in the new chief executive officer *-1 only to clean up the company financially so that the brothers could lead a buy-back . </s>
<s> That speculation UNK Friday as industry executives UNK the appointment of the new chief executive , Robert UNK , who *T*-1 joins Saatchi and becomes a member of its board on Jan. 1 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK , formerly chief executive of the pharmaceutical research firm UNK International Inc. , has a reputation as a UNK financial manager , and will be charged *-1 largely with *-2 UNK Saatchi 's poor financial state . </s>
<s> *-3 Asked *-1 about the speculation that Mr. UNK has been hired *-2 * to UNK the way for a buy-out by the brothers , the executive replied , `` That is n't the reason 0 Dreyfus has been brought *-5 in *T*-4 . </s>
<s> He was brought *-1 in *-2 to turn around the company . '' </s>
<s> Separately , several Saatchi agency clients said 0 they believe 0 the company 's management UNK will have little affect on them . </s>
<s> `` It has n't had any impact on us , nor do we expect it to *?* , '' said *T*-1 a spokeswoman for Miller Brewing Co. , a major client of Backer Spielvogel . </s>
<s> John UNK , director of advertising at PaineWebber Inc. , a Saatchi & Saatchi Advertising client , said : 0 `` We have no problem with the announcement , because we do n't know what change it 's going *-1 to bring *T*-2 about . </s>
<s> We are n't going *-1 to change agencies because of a change in London . '' </s>
<s> Executives at Backer Spielvogel client UNK Inc. , as well as at Saatchi client UNK UNK Co. , also said 0 they saw no effect . </s>
<s> Executives at Prudential-Bache Securities Inc. , a Backer Spielvogel client that *T*-1 is reviewing its account , declined comment . </s>
<s> Mr. Spielvogel had said that Prudential-Bache was prepared *-1 to finance either a management buy-out and restructuring , or a buy-out of Backer Spielvogel alone , led * by him . </s>
<s> Ad Notes ... . </s>
<s> NEW UNK : </s>
<s> California 's UNK Federal Bank awarded its $ 12 million to $ 15 million *U* account to the Los Angeles office of UNK Group 's UNK agency . </s>
<s> The account was previously handled *-1 by Davis , Ball & UNK Advertising Inc. , a Los Angeles agency . </s>
<s> UNK UNK : </s>
<s> Royal Crown UNK Co. has ended its relationship with the Boston office of Hill , UNK , UNK , UNK . </s>
<s> The account had UNK about $ 6 million *U* in 1988 , according to Leading National Advertisers . </s>
<s> UNK UNK : </s>
<s> As * expected *-2 , Young & Rubicam Inc. along with two senior executives and a former employee , pleaded not guilty *ICH*-1 in federal court in New Haven , Conn. , to conspiracy and racketeering charges . </s>
<s> The government has charged that they UNK UNK officials *-1 to win the Jamaica UNK Board ad account in 1981 . </s>
<s> A spokesman for the U.S. Attorney 's office said 0 UNK proceedings are `` just beginning '' for the other two defendants in the case , Eric Anthony UNK , former UNK tourism minister , and UNK businessman Arnold UNK Jr . </s>
<s> UNK UNK : </s>
<s> The UNK Group and UNK Inc. agreed *-1 to establish a joint venture advertising agency in South Korea . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Corp. , as the new agency will be called *-1 *?* , will be based *-2 in Seoul and is 70 % owned *-2 by UNK and 30 % owned *-2 by UNK . </s>
<s> UNK already owns Korea First Advertising Co. , that country 's largest agency . </s>
<s> UNK joins Backer Spielvogel Bates and Ogilvy Group as U.S. agencies with interests in Korean agencies . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK a payment from a supplier and strong sales of certain UNK products , UNK Corp. said 0 earnings and revenue jumped in its second quarter ended Sept. 24 . </s>
<s> The maker of UNK products said 0 net income rose to $ 4.8 million *U* , or 23 cents a share , from year-earlier net of $ 1.1 million *U* , or five cents a share . </s>
<s> Revenue soared to $ UNK million *U* from $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 its results were boosted *-2 by $ 2 million *U* in payments received * from a supplier , for a certain line of products that UNK is n't going *-1 to sell *T*-3 anymore . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 effects from * UNK the line may have a positive effect on future earnings and revenue . </s>
<s> A spokeswoman would n't elaborate , but the company said 0 the discontinued product has never been a major source of revenue or profit . </s>
<s> UNK , UNK benefited from robust sales of products that *T*-1 store data for high-end personal computers and computer workstations . </s>
<s> In the fiscal first half , net was $ 7 million *U* , or 34 cents a share , up from the year-earlier $ 3.1 million *U* , or 15 cents a share . </s>
<s> Revenue rose to $ UNK million *U* from $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> Robert G. UNK , 62 years old , was elected *-1 a director of this provider of advanced technology systems and services , * increasing the board to eight members . </s>
<s> He retired as senior vice president , finance and administration , and chief financial officer of the company Oct. 1 . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. said that it filed part of its UNK report with the Securities and Exchange Commission , but that the filing does n't include its UNK financial statements and related information . </s>
<s> The real estate and thrift concern , *-1 operating under bankruptcy-law proceedings , said 0 it told the SEC 0 it could n't provide financial statements by the end of its first extension `` without UNK burden or expense . '' </s>
<s> The company asked for a UNK extension Sept. 30 , when the financial reports were due *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 it plans *-2 to UNK its UNK *-3 to provide financial results as soon as its audit is completed *-1 . </s>
<s> Alan UNK , 52 years old , was named *-1 chairman of this UNK of prescription claims , *-1 succeeding Thomas W. Field Jr. , 55 , who *T*-2 resigned last month . </s>
<s> Mr. Field also had been chairman of UNK Corp. , *-1 resigning that post after a dispute with the board over corporate strategy . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK is executive vice president and chief financial officer of UNK and will continue in those roles . </s>
<s> UNK also named UNK R. UNK , 57 , executive vice president at UNK , as a director , *-1 filling the seat vacated * by Mr. Field . </s>
<s> Messrs. UNK and UNK are directors of UNK , which *T*-1 has an 86 % stake in UNK . </s>
<s> UNK Products Inc. said 0 a U.S. District Court in Boston ruled that a challenge by UNK to the UNK of a U.S. patent held * by UNK Inc. was `` without merit . '' </s>
<s> UNK , based * in UNK , Sweden , had charged in a lawsuit against UNK that UNK 's UNK product line UNK on the UNK patent . </s>
<s> The patent is related to UNK acid , a UNK UNK used * in eye surgery . </s>
<s> In its lawsuit , UNK is seeking unspecified damages and a preliminary injunction 0 *T*-1 to block UNK from *-2 selling the UNK products . </s>
<s> A UNK spokesman said 0 the products contribute about a third of UNK 's sales and 10 % to 20 % *U* of its earnings . </s>
<s> In the year ended Aug. 31 , 1988 , UNK earned $ 2.9 million *U* , or 72 cents a share , on sales of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 the court 's ruling was issued *-1 as part of a `` UNK trial '' in the UNK proceedings and concerns only one of its defenses in the case . </s>
<s> It said 0 it is considering `` all of its options *ICH*-1 in light of the decision , including a possible appeal . '' </s>
<s> The UNK company added that it plans *-1 to `` UNK its other defenses '' against UNK 's lawsuit , including the claim that it has n't UNK on UNK 's patent . </s>
<s> UNK said that the court scheduled a conference for next Monday -- *-1 to set a date for proceedings on UNK 's motion for a preliminary injunction . </s>
<s> UNK publishers are reporting mixed third-quarter results , aided * by favorable newsprint prices and hampered * by flat or declining advertising UNK , especially in the Northeast . </s>
<s> * UNK to UNK in the industry , seasonal retail ad spending patterns in newspapers have been upset *-1 by UNK in ownership and general UNK within the retail industry . </s>
<s> In New York , the UNK UNK and B. Altman & Co. department stores have filed for protection from creditors under Chapter 11 of the federal Bankruptcy Code , while the UNK Macy & Co. , Bloomingdale 's and Saks Fifth Avenue department-store chains are for sale . </s>
<s> Many papers throughout the country are also faced *-1 with a slowdown in UNK spending , a booming category for newspapers in recent years . </s>
<s> Until recently , industry analysts believed 0 UNK in retail ad spending had UNK out and would in fact increase in this year 's third and fourth quarters . </s>
<s> All UNK are off , analysts say 0 *T*-1 , because of the shifting ownership of the retail chains . </s>
<s> `` UNK paper prices will help * offset weakness in UNK , but the retailers ' problems have affected the amount of ad UNK 0 they usually run *T*-1 , '' said *T*-2 Edward J. UNK , industry analyst for Salomon Brothers Inc . </s>
<s> `` UNK are just in disarray . '' </s>
<s> For instance , UNK Co. posted an 11 % gain in net income , as total ad pages dropped at USA Today , but advertising revenue rose because of a higher circulation rate base and increased rates . </s>
<s> UNK 's 83 daily *RNR*-1 and 35 UNK *RNR*-1 newspapers reported a 3 % increase in advertising and circulation revenue . </s>
<s> Total advertising UNK was `` modestly '' lower as UNK volume increased , while there was `` softer demand '' for retail and national ad UNK , said 0 *T*-1 John UNK , UNK 's chief executive officer . </s>
<s> At USA Today , ad pages totaled UNK for the quarter , down 9.2 % from the 1988 period , which *T*-2 was helped *-1 by increased ad spending from the UNK Olympics . </s>
<s> While USA Today 's total paid ad pages for the year to date totaled UNK , a decrease of 4 % from last year , the paper 's ad revenue increased 8 % in the quarter and 13 % in the nine months . </s>
<s> In the nine months , UNK 's net rose 9.5 % to $ 270 million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , from $ UNK million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share . </s>
<s> Revenue gained 6 % to $ UNK billion *U* from $ 2.4 billion *U* . </s>
<s> At Dow Jones & Co. , third-quarter net income fell 9.9 % from the year-earlier period . </s>
<s> Net fell to $ UNK million *U* , or 29 cents a share , from $ 32 million *U* , or 33 cents a share . </s>
<s> The year-earlier period included a one-time gain of $ 3.5 million *U* , or four cents a share . </s>
<s> Revenue gained 5.3 % to $ UNK million *U* from $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> The drop in profit reflected , in part , continued softness in financial advertising at The Wall Street Journal and UNK 's magazine . </s>
<s> Ad UNK at the Journal fell 6.1 % in the third quarter . </s>
<s> UNK Publications Inc. reversed a year-earlier third quarter net loss . </s>
<s> The publisher of the Boston Globe reported net of $ 8.5 million *U* , or 12 cents a share , compared with a loss of $ UNK million *U* , or 38 cents a share , for the third quarter in 1988 . </s>
<s> William O. Taylor , the parent 's chairman and chief executive officer , said 0 earnings continued *-2 to be hurt *-1 by softness in ad volume at the Boston newspaper . </s>
<s> Third-quarter profit estimates for several companies are being strongly affected *-1 by the price of newsprint , which *T*-2 in the last two years has had several price increases . </s>
<s> After a supply crunch caused prices to rise 14 % since 1986 to $ 650 *U* a metric ton , analysts are encouraged , because they do n't expect a price increase for the rest of this year . </s>
<s> Companies with daily newspapers in the Northeast will need the stable newsprint prices *-1 to ease damage from weak ad UNK . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK at Salomon Brothers said 0 he estimates that Times UNK Co. 's earnings were down for the third quarter , because of soft advertising levels at its Long Island UNK and Hartford UNK newspapers . </s>
<s> UNK on the East Coast was likely offset *-1 by improved ad UNK at the Los Angeles Times , which *T*-2 this week also unveiled a UNK . </s>
<s> New York Times Co. is expected *-1 to report lower earnings for the third quarter because of continued weak advertising levels at its flagship New York Times and deep discounting of newsprint at its affiliate , Forest Products Group . </s>
<s> `` Times Co. 's regional daily newspapers are holding up well , but there is little sign that things will improve in the New York market , '' said *T*-1 Alan UNK , an analyst with Shearson Lehman Hutton . </s>
<s> Washington Post Co. is expected *-1 to report improved earnings , largely because of increased cable revenue and publishing revenue helped * by an improved retail market in the Washington area . </s>
<s> According to analysts , profits were also helped *-1 by successful cost-cutting measures at Newsweek . </s>
<s> The UNK has faced heightened competition from rival Time magazine and a relatively flat magazine advertising market . </s>
<s> Knight-Ridder Inc. is faced *-1 with continued uncertainty over the pending joint operating agreement between its Detroit Free Press and UNK 's Detroit News , and has told analysts that earnings were down in the third quarter . </s>
<s> However , analysts point to positive advertising spending at several of its major daily newspapers , such as the Miami Herald and San Jose Mercury News . </s>
<s> `` The Miami market is coming back strong after a tough couple of years '' when Knight-Ridder `` was starting up a Hispanic edition *T*-2 and circulation was falling *T*-2 , '' said *T*-1 Bruce UNK , an analyst for UNK National Bank . </s>
<s> General Motors Corp. , in a series of moves that *T*-2 angered union officials in the U.S. and Canada , has signaled that as many as five North American assembly plants may not survive the mid-1990s as the corporation struggles *-1 to cut its excess UNK capacity . </s>
<s> In announcements to workers late last week , GM effectively signed death UNK for two UNK van assembly plants , and cast serious doubt on the futures of three U.S. car factories . </s>
<s> GM is under intense pressure * to close factories that *T*-1 became unprofitable as the giant auto maker 's U.S. market share skidded during the past decade . </s>
<s> The company , *-1 currently using about 80 % of its North American vehicle capacity , has vowed 0 it will run at 100 % of capacity by 1992 . </s>
<s> Just a month ago , GM announced 0 it would make an aging assembly plant in UNK , Ga. , the eighth U.S. assembly facility 0 *T*-1 to close since 1987 . </s>
<s> Now , GM appears *-1 to be stepping up the pace of its factory consolidation *-2 to get in shape for the 1990s . </s>
<s> One reason is mounting competition from new Japanese car plants in the U.S. that *T*-1 are pouring out more than one million vehicles a year at costs lower than GM can match *?* . </s>
<s> Another is that United Auto Workers union officials have signaled 0 they want tighter UNK provisions in the new Big Three national contract that *T*-2 will be negotiated *-1 next year . </s>
<s> GM officials want *-1 to get their strategy 0 * to reduce capacity and the work force *T*-2 in place before those talks begin . </s>
<s> The problem , however , is that GM 's moves are coming at a time when UNK leaders are trying *-2 to UNK UNK who *T*-1 charge 0 the union is too passive in the face of GM layoffs *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Against that UNK , UNK Vice President Stephen P. UNK , who *T*-2 recently became head of the union 's GM department , issued a statement *ICH*-1 Friday UNK GM 's `` UNK UNK '' toward union members . </s>
<s> The auto maker 's decision * to let word of the latest UNK and product UNK UNK out in separate UNK to the affected plants showed `` disarray '' and an `` inability or UNK * to provide consistent information , '' Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> GM officials told workers late last week of the following moves : Production of UNK vans will be consolidated *-1 into a single plant in UNK , Mich . </s>
<s> That means 0 two plants -- one in UNK , Ontario , and the other in UNK , Ohio -- probably will be shut *-1 down after the end of 1991 . </s>
<s> The UNK will idle about 3,000 Canadian assembly workers and about 2,500 workers in Ohio . </s>
<s> Robert White , Canadian Auto Workers union president , used the impending UNK shutdown *-1 to UNK the UNK free trade agreement and its champion , Prime Minister Brian UNK . </s>
<s> But Canadian auto workers may benefit from a separate GM move that *T*-1 UNK three U.S. car plants and one in Quebec . </s>
<s> Workers at plants in Van UNK , Calif. , Oklahoma City and UNK , Mich. , were told *-1 0 their facilities are no longer being considered *-2 to build the next generation of the UNK UNK and Chevrolet UNK muscle cars . </s>
<s> GM is studying whether it can build the new UNK UNK at a plant in St. UNK , Quebec , company and union officials said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> That announcement left union officials in Van UNK and Oklahoma City uncertain about their futures . </s>
<s> The Van UNK plant , which *T*-1 employs about 3,000 workers , does n't have a product 0 * to build *T*-2 after 1993 . </s>
<s> Jerry UNK , UNK local president , said 0 the facility was asked *-2 *-3 to draw up plans * to continue *-4 working as a `` UNK plant , '' which *T*-1 could build several different types of products on short notice *-5 to satisfy demand . </s>
<s> At the Oklahoma City plant , which *T*-1 employs about 6,000 workers building the UNK UNK UNK cars , Steve UNK , UNK local vice president , said 0 the plant has no new product lined *-3 up , and `` 0 none of us knows '' when the UNK cars will die *T*-2 . </s>
<s> He said 0 he believes 0 GM has plans * to keep *-1 building UNK cars into the mid-1990s . </s>
<s> At UNK , however , the UNK decision appears *-1 to UNK UNK hopes that GM would reopen the UNK assembly plant that *T*-2 last built the UNK , UNK UNK UNK model . </s>
<s> The UNK plant was viewed *-3 as a model of UNK cooperation at GM before slow sales of the UNK forced the company to close the factory last year . </s>
<s> Union officials have taken a beating politically as a result . </s>
<s> UNK UNK members have used the UNK plant as a symbol of labor-management cooperation 's failure . </s>
<s> UNK Merieux S.A. of France said 0 the Canadian government raised an obstacle to its proposed acquisition of Connaught UNK Inc. for UNK million Canadian dollars -LRB- US$ UNK million *U* -RRB- . </s>
<s> Merieux said 0 the government 's minister of industry , science and technology told it that he was n't convinced that the purchase is likely *-1 to be of `` net benefit '' to Canada . </s>
<s> Canadian investment rules require that big foreign takeovers meet that standard . </s>
<s> The French company said 0 the government gave it 30 days in which * to submit information 0 *T*-2 to further support its takeover plan *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Both Merieux and Connaught are biotechnology research and vaccine manufacturing concerns . </s>
<s> The government 's action was unusual . </s>
<s> Alan UNK , executive vice president of Investment Canada , which *T*-1 oversees foreign takeovers , said 0 it marked the first time in its four-year history that the agency has made an adverse UNK decision about the acquisition of a publicly traded company *T*-2 . </s>
<s> He said 0 it has reached the same UNK about some attempts * to buy closely held concerns , but eventually allowed those acquisitions to proceed . </s>
<s> `` This is n't a change in government policy ; this provision has been used *-1 before , '' said *T*-2 UNK Redmond , press secretary for UNK UNK , Canada 's minister of industry , science and technology . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK issued the ruling based on a recommendation by Investment Canada . </s>
<s> UNK for Merieux and Connaught said 0 they had n't been informed *-1 of specific areas of concern by either the government or Investment Canada , but added 0 they hope *-2 to have more information early this week . </s>
<s> Investment Canada declined *-1 to comment on the reasons for the government decision . </s>
<s> UNK UNK , a partner with UNK & UNK , a New York-based pharmaceutical industry research firm , said 0 the government 's ruling was n't unexpected . </s>
<s> `` This has become a very UNK deal , concerning Canada 's only large , UNK UNK or pharmaceutical company , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 the move that *T*-1 could allow the transaction to go ahead as * planned *-2 could be an UNK settlement of Connaught 's dispute with the University of Toronto . </s>
<s> The University is seeking *-3 to block the acquisition of Connaught by foreign interests , *-3 citing concerns about the amount of research that *T*-4 would be done *-2 in Canada . </s>
<s> The university is considering a settlement proposal made * by Connaught . </s>
<s> While neither side will disclose its UNK , Mr. UNK expects it to contain more specific guarantees on research and development spending levels in Canada than Merieux offered *?* to Investment Canada . </s>
<s> Some analysts , such as Murray UNK of Toronto-based UNK UNK Inc. , believe 0 the government ruling leaves the door open for other bidders , such as Switzerland 's Ciba-Geigy and Chiron Corp. of UNK , Calif . </s>
<s> Officials for the two concerns , which *T*-2 are bidding C$ 30 *U* a share for Connaught , could n't be reached *-1 for comment . </s>
<s> French state-owned UNK S.A. holds 51 % of Merieux . </s>
<s> UNK International Inc. said 0 it canceled plans for a UNK swap but may resume payment of dividends on the stock , and added that it expects *-1 to publicly offer about 10 million common shares . </s>
<s> The company said 0 it planned *-1 to offer an UNK number of common shares in exchange for the UNK shares of its preferred stock outstanding . </s>
<s> The exchange ratio was never established *-1 . </s>
<s> UNK said 0 market conditions led to the UNK of the planned exchange . </s>
<s> The UNK concern said , however , that in January 1990 , it may resume payments of dividends on the preferred stock . </s>
<s> UNK suspended its UNK payment in October 1985 and said 0 it has n't any plans * to catch up on dividends in UNK about $ 6 million *U* , but will do so some time in the future . </s>
<s> UNK , the company said 0 it filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the proposed offering of 10 million shares of common stock , expected * to be offered *-1 in November . </s>
<s> The company said 0 Salomon Brothers Inc. and Howard , Weil , UNK , UNK Inc. , underwriters for the offering , were granted *-1 an option * to buy as much as an additional 1.5 million shares *-2 to cover UNK . </s>
<s> Proceeds will be used *-1 * to eliminate and restructure bank debt . </s>
<s> UNK currently has approximately UNK million common shares outstanding . </s>
<s> Earnings for most of the nation 's major pharmaceutical makers are believed *-1 to have moved ahead UNK in the third quarter , as companies with newer , UNK prescription drugs fared especially well . </s>
<s> For the third consecutive quarter , however , most of the companies ' revenues were battered *-1 by adverse UNK UNK as a result of the strong dollar abroad . </s>
<s> Analysts said that Merck & Co. , Eli Lilly & Co. , UNK Co. and the Squibb Corp. unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. all benefited from strong sales of relatively new , UNK UNK that *T*-1 provide wide profit margins . </s>
<s> UNK robust earnings at Pfizer Inc. and Upjohn Co. were attributed *-1 to those companies ' older products , many of which *T*-2 face UNK competition from generic drugs and other UNK . </s>
<s> Joseph UNK , an analyst with Bear , Stearns & Co. , said that over the past few years most drug makers have shed their UNK businesses and instituted other cost savings , such as *-1 consolidating manufacturing plants and administrative staffs . </s>
<s> As a result , `` major new products are having significant impact , even on a company with very large revenues , '' Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Analysts said 0 profit for the dozen or so big drug makers , as a group , is estimated *-1 to have climbed between 11 % and 14 % *U* . </s>
<s> While that 's not spectacular , Neil UNK , an analyst with Prudential UNK , said that the rate of growth will `` look especially good as * compared *-1 to other companies if the economy turns downward . '' </s>
<s> Mr. UNK estimated that Merck 's profit for the quarter rose by about 22 % , *-1 UNK *-2 by sales of its UNK of fast-growing prescription drugs , including its UNK drug , UNK ; a high blood pressure medicine , UNK ; UNK , an UNK , and UNK , an UNK UNK . </s>
<s> Profit climbed even though Merck 's sales were reduced *-1 by `` one to three percentage points '' as a result of the strong dollar , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> In the third quarter of 1988 , Merck earned $ UNK million *U* , or 79 cents a share . </s>
<s> In UNK , N.J. , a Merck spokesman said 0 the company does n't make earnings projections . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 he estimated that Lilly 's earnings for the quarter jumped about 20 % , largely because of the performance of its new UNK UNK . </s>
<s> The drug , introduced * last year , is expected *-1 to generate sales of about $ 300 million *U* this year . </s>
<s> `` It 's turning out *-2 to be a real UNK , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> In last year 's third quarter , Lilly earned $ UNK million *U* , or $ 1.20 *U* a share . </s>
<s> In Indianapolis , Lilly declined comment . </s>
<s> Several analysts said 0 they expected UNK 's profit also to increase by more than 20 % from $ UNK million *U* , or $ 1.25 *U* a share , 0 it reported *T*-2 in the like period last year . </s>
<s> The company is praised *-1 by analysts for *-1 sharply lowering its costs in recent years and UNK numerous companies with low profit margins . </s>
<s> The company 's lean operation , analysts said 0 *T*-1 , allowed UNK sales from its cholesterol drug , UNK , to power earnings growth . </s>
<s> UNK sales are expected *-1 to be about $ 300 million *U* this year , up from $ 190 million *U* in 1988 . </s>
<s> In Morris UNK , N.J. , a spokesman for the company said 0 the analysts ' projections are `` in the UNK . '' </s>
<s> Squibb 's profit , *-2 estimated by analysts *-3 to be about 18 % above the $ UNK million *U* , or $ 1.25 *U* a share , 0 it earned *T*-1 in the third quarter of 1988 , was the result of especially strong sales of its UNK drug for * treating high blood pressure and other heart disease . </s>
<s> The company was officially merged *-1 with Bristol-Myers Co. earlier this month . </s>
<s> Bristol-Myers declined *-1 to comment . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK of Bear Stearns said that Schering-Plough Corp. 's expected profit rise of about 18 % to 20 % *U* , and UNK 's expected profit increase of about 13 % are largely because `` those companies are really managed *-1 well . '' </s>
<s> UNK earned $ UNK million *U* , or 84 cents a share , while Bristol-Myers earned $ UNK million *U* , or 81 cents a share , in the like period a year earlier . </s>
<s> In Madison , N.J. , a spokesman for Schering-Plough said 0 the company has `` no problems '' with the average estimate *ICH*-1 by a analysts that third-quarter earnings per share rose by about 19 % , to $ 1 *U* . </s>
<s> The company expects *-1 to achieve the 20 % increase in full-year earnings per share , as it projected in the spring , the spokesman said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , analysts said 0 Pfizer 's recent string of lackluster quarterly performances continued , as earnings in the quarter were expected *-1 to decline by about 5 % . </s>
<s> Sales of Pfizer 's important drugs , UNK for * treating UNK , and UNK , a heart medicine , have UNK because of increased competition . </s>
<s> `` The -LRB- strong -RRB- dollar hurt Pfizer a lot , too , '' Mr. UNK said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> In the third quarter last year , Pfizer earned $ UNK million *U* , or $ 1.29 *U* a share . </s>
<s> In New York , the company declined comment . </s>
<s> Analysts said 0 they expected Upjohn 's profit to be flat or rise by only about 2 % to 4 % *U* as * compared *-2 with $ UNK million *U* , or 49 cents a share , 0 it earned *T*-1 a year ago . </s>
<s> Upjohn 's UNK drugs are UNK , a UNK , and UNK , a UNK . </s>
<s> Sales of both drugs have been hurt *-1 by new state laws UNK the UNK of certain UNK UNK and adverse publicity about the excessive use of the drugs . </s>
<s> Also , the company 's UNK drug , UNK , is selling well -- at about $ 125 million *U* for the year , but the company 's profit from the drug has been reduced *-1 by Upjohn 's expensive print and television campaigns for advertising , analysts said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> In UNK , Mich. , Upjohn declined comment . </s>
<s> UNK a crowd of UNK stocks , UNK Technology Inc. 's stock fell particularly hard Friday , *-2 dropping 23 % because its problems were UNK *-1 by disclosure of an unexpected loss for its fiscal first quarter . </s>
<s> The UNK software company said 0 it expects a $ 2 million *U* net loss for the fiscal first quarter ended Sept. 30 . </s>
<s> It said 0 analysts had been expecting a small profit for the period . </s>
<s> Revenue is expected *-1 to be `` up modestly '' from the $ UNK million *U* reported * a year ago . </s>
<s> UNK Technology reported net income of $ 1.5 million *U* , or 12 cents a share , in the year-earlier period . </s>
<s> `` While our international operations showed strong growth , our domestic business was substantially below expectations , '' said *T*-1 Paul UNK , president and chief executive officer . </s>
<s> A spokesman said 0 the company 's first quarter is historically soft , and 0 computer companies in general are experiencing slower sales . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 he accepted the resignation of Thomas Wilson , vice president of corporate sales , and that his marketing responsibilities have been UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> The company said 0 Mr. Wilson 's resignation was n't related to the sales UNK . </s>
<s> UNK Technology went public in May 1988 at $ 14 *U* a share . </s>
<s> It fell $ 1.875 *U* a share Friday , to $ 6.25 *U* , a new low , in over-the-counter trading . </s>
<s> Its high for the past year was $ UNK *U* a share . </s>
<s> In the previous quarter , the company earned $ 4.5 million *U* , or 37 cents a share , on sales of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> The Bronx has a UNK UNK garden , a great UNK , its own UNK Little Italy -LRB- on Arthur Avenue -RRB- and , of course , the UNK . </s>
<s> However , most people , *-3 having been UNK *-1 to news UNK of the UNK South Bronx , look at the borough the way 0 Tom UNK 's Sherman UNK did *?* *T*-2 in `` UNK of the UNK '' -- as a wrong turn into hell . </s>
<s> But UNK UNK 's Bronx , her UNK Bronx of the UNK , is something else altogether . </s>
<s> In a UNK , UNK UNK , `` UNK UNK '' -LRB- UNK , UNK pages , $ 18.95 *U* -RRB- , she UNK an exotic UNK , UNK * mainly by Jewish UNK and the UNK Catholic -LRB- real UNK like her UNK friend , the UNK UNK , age five -RRB- . </s>
<s> Ms. UNK , a UNK and playwright , has a UNK and dramatically UNK sense of recall . </s>
<s> She UNK her `` Bronx of the UNK , a place where the UNK of UNK are only relieved *-1 by steep UNK into UNK '' into the `` UNK Bronx , '' a world UNK with sex and death and UNK . </s>
<s> In the UNK Bronx , Jewish UNK people lived in UNK , UNK buildings `` UNK '' * with names like UNK UNK -LRB- after owners UNK and Morris UNK -RRB- , whose UNK and UNK *T*-2 were UNK *-1 with UNK of UNK UNK and UNK , UNK of UNK . </s>
<s> For Ms. UNK the architectural UNK matched the UNK 0 she felt *T*-1 *-2 living in the UNK UNK as a little girl : `` ... UNK ordinary , UNK UNK , UNK all UNK to UNK UNK . '' </s>
<s> *-1 UNK and funny but never mean , she 's a UNK a bit like UNK UNK , if he 'd been Jewish and female and less UNK . </s>
<s> Little UNK , as Ms. UNK calls herself *?* in the book , really was n't ordinary . </s>
<s> She was raised *-1 , for the first eight years , by her mother , UNK , whom she UNK *T*-3 as a UNK UNK , who *T*-2 UNK history *-4 to explain why UNK 's father did n't live with them *T*-5 . </s>
<s> UNK UNK this man , who *T*-1 may *RNR*-2 or may not *RNR*-2 have known about his child , as a war hero for UNK 's benefit . </s>
<s> UNK died *-2 young and UNK has UNK her as a UNK figure , who *T*-1 did n't interfere much with her child 's education on the streets . </s>
<s> The games 0 Bronx children played *T*-1 -LRB- * holding kids down and UNK them , for example -RRB- seem UNK by today 's crack standards , but Ms. UNK makes it all sound like a great UNK . </s>
<s> `` Without official knowledge of sex or death , we UNK with both , '' she writes *T*-1 . </s>
<s> She UNK families by their UNK arrangements . </s>
<s> Her friend Susan , whose parents *T*-1 kept UNK her 0 she was unwanted , UNK on a narrow bed UNK * into her parents ' UNK , as though she were a temporary UNK . </s>
<s> Her friend UNK 's father was a professional UNK ; they did n't seem *-1 to have any UNK at all . </s>
<s> Maybe UNK became so UNK with where people UNK *T*-1 and how because her own arrangements kept *-2 shifting . </s>
<s> When UNK died *T*-1 , her UNK moved in -- and let her make the UNK and other household arrangements . </s>
<s> They painted the apartment *-1 UNK , UNK and white , according to her instructions . </s>
<s> With UNK detail she recalls her UNK UNK , an UNK UNK and song UNK -LRB- who *T*-1 UNK river with UNK in a love song -RRB- ; and UNK UNK , a UNK UNK investigator who *T*-2 looked like Lincoln and carried a change of clothing in a Manila UNK , *-3 like an `` UNK President on a UNK mission . '' </s>
<s> They came by their UNK UNK . </s>
<s> UNK 's UNK , no UNK UNK , UNK the heads of UNK UNK from the family UNK , and UNK around her UNK UNK , `` UNK for Women . '' </s>
<s> The book loses some momentum toward the end , when UNK becomes more UNK with * UNK boys and less with her UNK UNK family *T*-1 . </s>
<s> For the most part , though , there 's much UNK in her UNK , UNK probe into the UNK of the UNK Bronx . </s>
<s> The Bronx also figures in Bruce Jay UNK 's latest novel , which *T*-1 UNK back to the New York of the UNK . </s>
<s> But both the past and present UNK of `` The Current UNK '' -LRB- Atlantic UNK Press , 200 pages , $ 18.95 *U* -RRB- feel UNK and UNK . </s>
<s> For his sixth novel , Mr. UNK tried *-1 to UNK the UNK of his 1972 work , `` About Harry UNK . '' </s>
<s> Harry is now a UNK writer , whose continuing UNK with drugs and marginal types in Hollywood and New York *T*-1 seems UNK UNK . </s>
<s> Harry UNK UNK the `` old '' days of the early UNK , when people like his friend UNK would take a UNK on a date *-3 to analyze what UNK was doing *T*-1 wrong *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` An UNK solution , '' explains *T*-1 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> Line by line Mr. UNK 's UNK UNK can be UNK , especially when he 's UNK on the Hollywood social scheme -- the way 0 people size each other up , *-3 immediately UNK the desperate ones who *T*-2 merely almost made it *T*-4 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Harry has avoided all that by *-1 living in a Long Island suburb with his wife , who *T*-2 's so UNK to soap UNK and mystery novels 0 she barely seems *-3 to notice when her husband UNK for UNK UNK into Manhattan *T*-4 . </s>
<s> But it does n't take too many lines * to figure Harry out . </s>
<s> He 's a UNK . </s>
<s> Gulf Resources & Chemical Corp. said 0 it agreed *-2 to pay $ 1.5 million *U* as part of an accord with the Environmental Protection Agency regarding an environmental cleanup of a UNK UNK 0 the company formerly operated *T*-1 in UNK . </s>
<s> In 1984 the EPA notified Gulf Resources , which *T*-1 was a UNK of the UNK , that it was potentially liable for *-2 UNK cleanup costs at the site under the federal Superfund program . </s>
<s> The UNK area is UNK with lead , UNK and other metals . </s>
<s> Gulf Resources earlier this year proposed a reorganization plan that *T*-1 would make it a unit of a UNK concern , *-2 potentially UNK it from liability for the UNK 's cleanup costs . </s>
<s> The company said that as part of its agreement with the EPA , it `` made certain voluntary UNK with respect to UNK transactions entered into * after the reorganization . '' </s>
<s> The company , which *T*-3 issued a statement on the agreement late Friday , said that $ 1 million *U* of the payment was previously provided for *-2 in its financial statements and that $ 500,000 *U* will be recognized *-1 in its 1989 third-quarter statement . </s>
<s> The agreement and consent UNK are subject to court approval , the company said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Gulf Resources added that it `` will seek *-2 to recover UNK contribution from others for both the amount of the settlement and any other liabilities 0 it may UNK *T*-1 under the Superfund law . '' </s>
<s> Under the agreement , Gulf must give the U.S. government 45 days ' advance written notice before *-1 issuing any dividends on common stock . </s>
<s> The company 's net worth can not fall below $ 185 million *U* after the dividends are issued *-1 . </s>
<s> `` The terms of that agreement only become effective the date of Gulf 's reorganization , which we anticipate 0 *T*-2 will occur sometime in early 1990 , '' said *T*-1 Lawrence R. Mehl , Gulf 's general counsel . </s>
<s> In addition , Gulf must give the government 20 days ' advance written notice of any loans exceeding $ 50 million *U* that *T*-2 are made *-1 to the UNK holding company . </s>
<s> Gulf 's net worth after those transaction must be at least $ 150 million *U* . </s>
<s> Separately , the company said 0 it expects *-3 to hold a special meeting for shareholders in early 1990 *-1 to vote on its proposed reorganization . </s>
<s> Many of the nation 's UNK executives UNK Friday 's market plunge as an overdue UNK for speculators and takeover players . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK that the market does n't head into a UNK free fall , some executives think 0 Friday 's action could prove a UNK of good news -- as a sign that the leveraged buy-out and takeover frenzy of recent years may be UNK . </s>
<s> `` This is a reaction to UNK LBO UNK , rather than to any fundamentals , '' said *T*-2 John Young , chairman of Hewlett-Packard Co. , whose shares *T*-1 dropped $ UNK *U* to $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> `` If we get rid of a lot of that UNK , it will be a big plus . '' </s>
<s> A few of the executives here for the fall meeting of the Business Council , a group that *T*-1 meets *-2 to discuss national issues , were only too happy *-3 to UNK their criticism . </s>
<s> `` People wish 0 the government would do something about leveraged buy-outs , do something about takeovers , do something about Donald Trump , '' said *T*-2 Rand UNK , chairman of ITT Corp. , whose stock *T*-1 dropped $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> `` Where 's *T*-1 the leadership ? </s>
<s> Where 's *T*-2 the guy who *T*-1 can say : 0 ` UNK is enough ' '' ? </s>
<s> The executives were UNK UNK by the plunge even though it UNK billions of dollars off the value of their companies -- and millions off their personal fortunes . </s>
<s> `` I 'm not going *-2 to worry about one day 's decline , '' said *T*-3 Kenneth UNK , Digital Equipment Corp. president , who *T*-1 was UNK UNK through the bright UNK and yellow leaves of the UNK here after his company 's shares plunged $ UNK *U* *-4 to close at $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> `` I did n't bother *-1 calling anybody ; I did n't even turn on TV . '' </s>
<s> `` There has n't been any fundamental change in the economy , '' added *T*-1 John UNK , whose Procter & Gamble Co. took an $ 8.75 *U* slide *-2 to close at $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> `` The fact that this happened two years ago and there was a recovery gives people some comfort that this wo n't be a problem . '' </s>
<s> Of course , established corporate UNK often tend *-1 to UNK the setbacks of stock speculators and takeover artists . </s>
<s> Indeed , one chief executive who *T*-1 was UNK UNK by Friday 's events was Robert Crandall , chairman of AMR Corp. , the parent of American Airlines and the target of a takeover offer by Mr. Trump . </s>
<s> *-2 Asked *-1 whether Friday 's action could help him avoid *-3 being UNK *-4 by the New York real estate UNK , Mr. Crandall UNK broadly and said : `` No comment . '' </s>
<s> On Friday morning , before the market 's sell-off , the business leaders issued a report predicting 0 the economy would grow at roughly an inflation-adjusted 2 % annual rate , through next year , then accelerate UNK in 1991 . </s>
<s> Of the 19 economists who *T*-1 worked on the Business Council forecast , only two *T*-2 projected periods of decline in the nation 's output over the next two years , and in `` both UNK the declines are too modest *-3 to warrant the phrase recession , '' said 0 *T*-4 Lewis UNK , chairman of J.P. Morgan & Co. and vice chairman of the Business Council . </s>
<s> The real estate slump that *T*-1 's pushing down the price of New York office space and housing is also affecting the city 's retail real estate market . </s>
<s> In Manhattan , UNK store sites sit *-2 vacant and newly UNK space has been slow *-1 to fill . </s>
<s> UNK real estate brokers say 0 tenants are reluctant *-1 to sign leases because of uncertainty about the local economy , turmoil in their own industries and a belief that UNK have not yet hit bottom . </s>
<s> `` There is an UNK amount of space available , '' says *T*-2 UNK UNK , senior vice president at UNK Associates UNK UNK Inc . </s>
<s> There are about 2,000 stores for rent , up from a more typical range of UNK to 1,500 . </s>
<s> `` This further UNK retailers , '' she says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` They wonder should they sign a lease if prices are still coming down ? </s>
<s> Is this the wrong time 0 * to open a store *T*-1 ? </s>
<s> Who *T*-1 is going *-2 to be in the space next door ? '' </s>
<s> In addition , Ms. UNK says 0 *T*-3 , tenants usually can negotiate *-2 to pay UNK that *T*-1 are about UNK lower than UNK ' initial asking price . </s>
<s> A handful of hot retail locations , such as the UNK Street and Madison and Fifth Avenue areas , have been able *-1 to sustain what many see *T*-2 as UNK UNK . </s>
<s> And , in some neighborhoods , UNK have merely hit a UNK . </s>
<s> But on average , Manhattan retail UNK have dropped 10 % to 15 % in the past six months alone , experts say 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> That follows a more UNK decline in the prior six months , after Manhattan UNK had run up rapidly since 1986 . </s>
<s> The same factors limiting demand for office space have affected retailing . </s>
<s> `` As businesses contract or UNK , the number of employees who *T*-1 might use retail services UNK , '' says *T*-2 Edward A. UNK , senior vice president of Helmsley UNK Inc . </s>
<s> He says 0 financial problems UNK electronics , fur and furniture companies -- key categories in the local retail economy -- have further UNK the market . </s>
<s> UNK hit *-2 are *T*-1 what he calls *T*-3 `` secondary '' sites that *T*-4 primarily serve neighborhood residents . </s>
<s> In these locations , Mr. UNK says 0 *T*-1 , `` UNK are increasingly cautious about *-2 expanding and UNK have remained steady or in some cases have declined . '' </s>
<s> UNK in the restaurant industry , which *T*-1 is leaving retail space vacant , UNK the problem for UNK . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-2 is also no comfort to UNK and small New York retailers when the future of larger department stores , which *T*-1 UNK retail neighborhoods , are in doubt *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Hooker Corp. , parent of UNK UNK and B. Altman 's , is mired *-1 in bankruptcy proceedings and Bloomingdale 's is for sale by its owner , Campeau Corp . </s>
<s> The trend toward lower UNK may seem surprising given that some communities in New York are UNK the loss of favorite local businesses to high UNK . </s>
<s> But , despite the recent softening , for many of these retailers there 's still been too big a jump from the rental rates of the late 1970s , when their leases were signed *-1 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Certainly , the recent drop in prices does n't mean 0 Manhattan comes cheap . </s>
<s> New York retail UNK still run well above the going rate in other U.S. cities . </s>
<s> Madison and Fifth UNK and East UNK Street can command UNK of up to $ 500 *U* a square foot , and $ 250 *U* is not uncommon . </s>
<s> The UNK UNK Street area offers UNK of about $ 100 *U* a square foot , as do UNK locations along lower Fifth Avenue *?* . </s>
<s> By contrast , UNK in the best retail locations in Boston , San Francisco and Chicago rarely top $ 100 *U* a square foot . </s>
<s> And UNK on Beverly Hills ' UNK UNK generally do n't exceed about $ 125 *U* a square foot . </s>
<s> The New York Stock Exchange said 0 two securities will begin *-1 trading this week . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Corp. , UNK , Ore. , will begin *-1 trading with the symbol UNK . </s>
<s> It makes investment UNK and has traded * over-the-counter . </s>
<s> Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC , an UNK , Scotland , financial services company , will list American depositary shares , *-1 representing preferred shares , with the symbol UNK . </s>
<s> It will continue *-1 to trade on the International Stock Exchange , London . </s>
<s> The American Stock Exchange listed shares of two companies . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Inc. , a UNK , N.J. , telecommunications equipment supply company , started *-1 trading with the symbol UNK . </s>
<s> It had traded * over-the-counter . </s>
<s> Columbia Laboratories Inc. , Miami , began *-1 trading with the symbol UNK . </s>
<s> The pharmaceuticals maker had traded * over-the-counter . </s>
<s> The National Market System of the Nasdaq over-the-counter market listed shares of one company . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Plans Inc. , a Minneapolis health-care services company , was listed *-1 with the symbol UNK . </s>
<s> When Justice William UNK marks the start of his UNK year on the Supreme Court today *T*-1 , the occasion will differ sharply from previous UNK of his tenure . </s>
<s> For the first time , the UNK justice finds his influence almost exclusively in UNK , rather than as a force in the high court 's majority . </s>
<s> This role reversal holds *-1 true , as well , for his three liberal and moderate allies , UNK UNK Marshall , Harry UNK and John Stevens . </s>
<s> But are these four players , three of them in their UNK , ready *-1 to assume a different role after 88 years , UNK , of service on the high court ? </s>
<s> Every indication is that the four are prepared *-1 to accept this new role , and the UNK that *T*-5 go with it , but in different ways . </s>
<s> UNK UNK and Stevens appear UNK about it ; UNK Marshall and UNK appear fighting UNK . </s>
<s> The four UNK are no UNK to UNK , *-1 often joining forces in the past decade *-2 to UNK the court 's conservative UNK . </s>
<s> But always , in years past , they have UNK the trend and have been able *-1 to pick up a fifth vote *-2 to UNK out a number of major UNK in civil rights and UNK cases . </s>
<s> Now , however , as the court 's new UNK conservative majority continues *-1 to UNK , UNK for the liberals are rare . </s>
<s> The change is most dramatic for Justice UNK , the last UNK of the UNK liberal majority under Chief Justice UNK Warren . </s>
<s> In the seven Supreme Court terms from the fall of UNK through the spring of 1967 , the UNK of the Warren Court 's power , Justice UNK cast only 25 UNK votes in UNK cases decided * by the court . </s>
<s> Last term alone he cast 52 UNK votes in UNK decisions , with the UNK UNK ruling as his only big victory . </s>
<s> But Justice UNK UNK his new role , *-1 strongly defending the importance of UNK in a 1985 speech . </s>
<s> `` Each time 0 the court UNK an issue *T*-2 , the UNK will be forced by a UNK *-1 to reconsider the fundamental questions and to UNK the result , '' he said *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Moreover , in recent months he has said that when he was on the winning side in the 1960s *T*-1 , he knew that the tables might turn in the future . </s>
<s> He has said that he now knows how Justice John UNK felt *T*-2 , a reference to the late conservative justice who *T*-1 was the most frequent UNK from the Warren Court 's opinions . </s>
<s> Associates of UNK Justice Marshall say 0 he was `` depressed '' about the court 's direction last spring , but is UNK about his role and determined *-1 to speak out against the court 's cutbacks in civil rights . </s>
<s> `` We could sweep it under the UNK and hide it , but I 'm not going *-1 to do it , '' he said *T*-2 in a speech last month . </s>
<s> He , *-2 like Justice UNK , considers UNK highly important for the future , a point that *T*-1 has n't escaped legal scholars . </s>
<s> Harvard Law School UNK Laurence UNK says 0 there is a `` UNK '' flavor to current UNK . </s>
<s> The UNK in the Warren Court , he says 0 *T*-1 , appeared *-2 to be writing for the short-term , * suggesting that the court 's direction might change soon . </s>
<s> `` UNK and Marshall are speaking in their UNK to a more distant future , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Justice UNK , who *T*-1 will turn 81 next month , also seems UNK about his new role . </s>
<s> Associates say 0 he takes some UNK *ICH*-1 more personally than his colleagues , especially attempts * to curtail the right to abortion first recognized * in his 1973 opinion , Roe vs. Wade . </s>
<s> UNK and associates who *T*-1 saw Justice UNK during the summer said 0 he was no more UNK about the court than in recent years . </s>
<s> And his outlook improved after successful UNK surgery in August . </s>
<s> But his level of frustration showed in a recent , UNK speech to a group of hundreds of lawyers in Chicago . </s>
<s> He concluded his remarks by *-1 UNK , UNK and at some length , according to those present , the late Martin UNK King 's famous `` I Have a UNK '' speech from the 1963 March on Washington . </s>
<s> Justice Stevens , 69 , is probably the most UNK of the UNK about his role , in part because he may be the least liberal of the four , but also because he enjoys the intellectual challenge of * arguing with the majority more than the others . </s>
<s> If the role 0 these four UNK are assuming *T*-1 is a familiar one in modern Supreme Court history , it also UNK in an important way from recent history , court watchers say 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` The UNK of the Warren Court were often defending a legal UNK that they inherited *T*-1 , '' says 0 *T*-3 Prof. UNK Dick Howard of the University of Virginia Law School , `` but the UNK today are defending a UNK that they created *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The government sold the deposits of four savings-and-loan institutions , in its first wave of sales of big , sick thrifts , but low bids prevented the sale of a fifth . </s>
<s> The four UNK were sold *-1 to large banks , as * was the case with most of the 28 previous transactions initiated * by the Resolution Trust Corp. since it was created *-2 in the S&L bailout legislation two months ago . </s>
<s> Two of the four big thrifts were sold *-1 to NCNB Corp. , Charlotte , N.C. , which *T*-2 has aggressively expanded its markets , particularly in Texas and Florida . </s>
<s> A Canadian bank bought another thrift , in the first RTC transaction with a foreign bank . </s>
<s> Under these deals , the RTC sells just the deposits and the healthy assets . </s>
<s> These `` UNK '' transactions leave the bulk of bad assets , mostly real estate , with the government , *-2 to be sold *-1 later . </s>
<s> In these four , for instance , the RTC is stuck *-1 with $ UNK billion *U* in bad assets . </s>
<s> UNK paid premiums ranging from 1.5 % to 3.7 % *ICH*-2 for the deposits and branch systems , roughly in line with what analysts were expecting *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The buyers will also be locked *-1 into deposit rates for just two weeks , as * has been the case with previous deals . </s>
<s> After that , the buyers may UNK the rates paid * by the former thrifts . </s>
<s> But it *EXP*-1 's uncertain whether these institutions will take those steps . </s>
<s> NCNB , for example , has been one of the highest rate UNK in the Texas market , and in Florida , rates are especially sensitive in retirement communities . </s>
<s> The RTC had previously targeted five thrifts for quick sales in order *-1 to spend cash by certain budgetary deadlines , but the delays illustrate the tough UNK facing the agency . </s>
<s> `` These thrifts are UNK UNK , '' said *T*-1 UNK UNK , an industry consultant based * in UNK , Va . </s>
<s> For example , the delay in * selling People 's Heritage Savings , UNK , UNK , with $ 1.7 billion *U* in assets , has forced the RTC to consider selling off the thrift UNK , instead of as a whole institution . </s>
<s> NCNB continued its UNK into the Florida and Texas markets . </s>
<s> NCNB will acquire University Federal Savings Association , Houston , which *T*-1 had assets of $ 2.8 billion *U* . </s>
<s> NCNB Texas National Bank will pay the RTC a premium of $ UNK million *U* for $ 3.5 billion *U* in deposits . </s>
<s> As a measure of the UNK to which the Texas real estate market has UNK *T*-1 , the RTC will pay $ 3.8 billion *U* to NCNB *-2 to take $ 750 million *U* of bad assets . </s>
<s> NCNB also acquired Freedom Savings & Loan Association , Tampa , Fla. , which *T*-1 had total assets of $ 900 million *U* . </s>
<s> NCNB will pay the RTC a premium of $ UNK million *U* for $ 1.1 billion *U* in deposits . </s>
<s> NCNB will also acquire $ UNK million *U* of Freedom 's assets from the RTC , which *T*-1 will require $ UNK million *U* in assistance . </s>
<s> Meridian Bancorp Inc. , UNK , Pa. , will acquire Hill Financial Savings Association , Red Hill , Pa. , which *T*-1 had $ 2.3 billion *U* in assets . </s>
<s> Meridian will pay a premium of $ UNK million *U* *-1 to assume $ 2 billion *U* in deposits . </s>
<s> It will also purchase $ UNK million *U* of the thrift 's assets , with $ 1.9 billion *U* in RTC assistance . </s>
<s> In the first RTC transaction with a foreign buyer , Royal UNK Ltd. , Toronto , will acquire Pacific Savings Bank , Costa Mesa , Calif. , which *T*-1 had $ UNK million *U* in assets . </s>
<s> Royal UNK will pay the RTC $ 25 million *U* *-1 to assume $ UNK million *U* in deposits . </s>
<s> It will also purchase $ UNK million *U* in assets , and receive $ 550 million *U* in assistance from the RTC . </s>
<s> The following issues were recently filed *-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission : </s>
<s> American UNK Co. , offering of UNK common shares , via Merrill Lynch Capital Markets . </s>
<s> Limited Inc. , offering of up to $ 300 million *U* of debt securities and warrants . </s>
<s> UNK California UNK UNK Municipal Fund Inc. , initial offering of five million common shares , via Alex . Brown & Sons Inc. , John UNK & Co. , Prudential-Bache Capital Funding , and UNK UNK , Hill UNK . </s>
<s> UNK Health Systems Inc. , proposed offering of 1.5 million common shares , of which 700,000 shares *T*-2 will be offered *-1 by UNK and 800,000 shares *T*-2 by UNK America Inc . -LRB- UNK 's 71 % -RRB- , via Dillon , Read & Co. Inc. , Goldman , Sachs & Co. and Dean Witter Reynolds Inc . </s>
<s> UNK Inc. , offering of one million new shares of common stock and 300,000 shares by holders , via Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc. and J.C. UNK & Co . </s>
<s> Trans World Airlines Inc. , offering of $ 150 million *U* senior notes , via Drexel Burnham . </s>
<s> Time magazine , in a move 0 *T*-1 to reduce the costs of * UNK new subscribers , is lowering its circulation guarantee to advertisers for the second consecutive year , increasing its UNK rates and cutting back on merchandise UNK . </s>
<s> In an announcement to its staff last week , executives at Time Warner Inc. 's weekly magazine said 0 Time will `` dramatically UNK '' its use of electronic UNK such as telephones in television UNK drives ; cut the circulation 0 it guarantees advertisers *T*-1 by 300,000 , to four million ; and increase the cost of its annual UNK rate by about $ 4 *U* to $ 55 *U* . </s>
<s> In a related development , the UNK , for the fourth year in a row , said 0 it wo n't increase its advertising rates in 1990 ; a full , UNK page in the magazine costs about $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> However , because the guaranteed circulation base is being lowered *-1 , ad rates will be effectively 7.5 % *ICH*-2 higher per UNK , according to Richard UNK , Time associate publisher . </s>
<s> Time is following the course of some other UNK magazines that *T*-1 in recent years have challenged the publishing UNK that * maintaining UNK high , and expensive , UNK is the way 0 * to draw advertisers *T*-2 . </s>
<s> In recent years , UNK 's Digest , New York Times Co. 's McCall 's , and most recently News Corp. 's TV UNK , have cut their massive circulation rate bases *-1 to eliminate marginal circulation and hold down rates for advertisers . </s>
<s> UNK discounts in UNK and offers of free UNK UNK and watches have become accepted forms of * attracting new subscribers in the UNK world of magazine UNK . </s>
<s> But Time , as part of the more UNK Time Warner , wants *-1 to UNK itself away from expensive UNK . </s>
<s> Besides , Time executives think 0 * selling a news magazine with a UNK radio is UNK . </s>
<s> `` UNK just give people the wrong image , '' said 0 *T*-1 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> `` That perception takes the focus off the magazine . '' </s>
<s> Time magazine executives UNK UNK the circulation cut as a show of strength and actually a benefit to advertisers . </s>
<s> `` What we are doing *T*-2 is * UNK out the readers who *T*-1 are only UNK related to the magazine and do n't really read it , '' said *T*-3 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> `` We are trying *-1 to create quality and involvement . '' </s>
<s> However , Time executives used the same explanation when in October 1988 the magazine cut its guaranteed circulation from 4.6 million to 4.3 million *T*-1 . </s>
<s> And Time 's paid circulation , according to UNK Bureau of UNK , dropped 7.3 % to UNK in the six months ended June 30 , 1989 . </s>
<s> Still , Time 's move is being received *-1 well , once again . </s>
<s> `` It *EXP*-2 's UNK for advertisers to know 0 the reader will be paying more , '' said 0 *T*-1 Michael UNK , national media director at UNK Inc. ad agency . </s>
<s> `` A few drops in circulation are of no UNK . </s>
<s> It 's not a show of weakness ; they are improving the quality of circulation while *-1 UNK their profits . '' </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 the changes represent a new focus in the magazine industry : a magazine 's net revenue per UNK , or the actual revenue from subscribers after discounts and the cost of premiums have been stripped *-1 away . </s>
<s> `` The question is how much are we getting *T*-1 from each reader , '' said *T*-2 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> Time 's rivals UNK , Washington Post Co. 's Newsweek and U.S. News & World Report , are less UNK on electronic UNK , and in recent years both have been increasing their circulation rate bases . </s>
<s> Both magazines are expected *-1 to announce their ad rates and circulation levels for 1990 within a month . </s>
<s> When the news *ICH*-1 broke of an attempted coup in Panama two weeks ago *T*-2 , Sen. Christopher UNK called the State Department for a UNK . </s>
<s> `` They said , ` * follow UNK , ' '' he told reporters *T*-1 . </s>
<s> That shows how far Ted Turner 's Cable News Network has come *T*-2 since its birth nine years ago , when it was considered *-1 the UNK of television news . </s>
<s> It is bigger , faster and more profitable than the news divisions of any of the three major broadcast networks . </s>
<s> Its niche as the `` network of record '' during major crises draws UNK audiences around the world . </s>
<s> But for all its success , UNK has hit a UNK . </s>
<s> Although UNK UNK when big news breaks *T*-1 , it UNK during periods of calm . </s>
<s> UNK executives worry that the network 's UNK but UNK news UNK may be getting UNK and wo n't keep viewers coming back as the alternatives *ICH*-1 UNK for news and information on UNK . </s>
<s> `` Just the fact 0 we 're on 24 hours is no longer UNK , '' says *T*-1 Ed Turner , UNK 's executive vice president , news gathering -LRB- and no UNK to Ted Turner -RRB- . </s>
<s> `` You ca n't live on that . '' </s>
<s> So UNK , a unit of Atlanta-based Turner Broadcasting System Inc. , is trying *-2 to UNK itself as a primary channel , or what people in the television industry call *T*-1 a `` top of mind '' network . </s>
<s> UNK , *-1 to kick off the effort , UNK will premiere its first prime-time UNK in years , an UNK show at 6 p.m . Eastern time 0 *T*-2 to air UNK against the network UNK . </s>
<s> The show will be UNK *-1 by Bernard Shaw and UNK UNK , a UNK former Texas judge and campus beauty UNK who *T*-2 has never held a job in television or UNK . </s>
<s> The new show is perhaps the UNK in a number of steps 0 the network is taking *T*-1 *-2 to build audience loyalty by *-3 shifting away from its current UNK toward more UNK `` UNK '' programming with UNK stars . </s>
<s> *-1 To UNK itself , UNK is also expanding international coverage and adding a second UNK program . </s>
<s> It is paying higher salaries -- after years of UNK -- *-1 to lure and keep experienced staffers . </s>
<s> And it is UNK on an expensive gamble * to break major stories with a large UNK team . </s>
<s> `` The next stage is * to get beyond the opinion leaders who *T*-1 use us as a point of reference *-3 to become a point of reference at ordinary dinner tables , '' says *T*-2 Jon UNK , executive vice president of UNK News , UNK 's sister network . </s>
<s> But that wo n't be easy . </s>
<s> UNK , like other consumer products , develop images in UNK ' minds that *T*-1 are n't easy 0 * to change *T*-2 . </s>
<s> It also takes money that UNK has been reluctant *-1 to spend *T*-2 *-3 to make programs and hire talent that viewers will tune in specially *-5 to see *T*-4 . </s>
<s> And the UNK operators -- UNK 's distributors and part owners -- like things just the way 0 they are *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The UNK bid is aimed *-1 at UNK 's UNK UNK -- and what *T*-2 may happen to it as the UNK news market grows more competitive . </s>
<s> Already , UNK is facing stronger competition from Financial News Network Inc. and General Electric Co. 's Consumer News and Business Channel , both of which *T*-1 are likely *-2 to pursue more general news in the future . </s>
<s> In addition , many UNK systems themselves are airing more local and regional news programs produced * by local broadcast stations . </s>
<s> UNK wants *-1 to change its viewers ' habits . </s>
<s> Its watchers are , on the whole , a UNK group of UNK `` UNK '' and news UNK , who *T*-1 spend an average of just 26 minutes a day *-2 watching UNK , according to audience research . </s>
<s> That 's less than one-third the time that viewers watch the major broadcast networks *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The brief attention 0 viewers give UNK *T*-1 could put it at a disadvantage as ratings data , and advertising , become more important to UNK channels . </s>
<s> UNK 's UNK habits have been UNK *-1 by its UNK . </s>
<s> Its strategy in the past has been * to serve as a TV wire service . </s>
<s> It focused on *-1 building up its news UNK around the world , so as events took place it could go live UNK and longer than other networks . </s>
<s> It filled its daily schedule with UNK called * `` UNK , '' `` UNK , '' `` UNK , '' and `` UNK , '' but the shows UNK little in content , UNK or look . </s>
<s> Now , the push *ICH*-1 is on for UNK shows . </s>
<s> `` Our goal is * to create more programs with an individual identity , '' says *T*-1 Paul UNK , UNK executive vice president for programming . </s>
<s> UNK , UNK is adding a UNK show in the morning because surveys show 0 its UNK hour in the afternoon is among its most `` UNK '' programs in viewers ' minds , says 0 *T*-1 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> And it is exploring other original programs , similar to its `` Larry King UNK '' and `` UNK '' talk shows , which executives hope 0 *T*-1 will keep people UNK * in . </s>
<s> Then there 's `` The World Today , '' the prime-time UNK featuring Mr. Shaw and Ms. UNK . </s>
<s> Until now , UNK has featured its Hollywood UNK show during the key evening period . </s>
<s> But 70 % of the UNK households that *T*-1 watch news do so between UNK p.m. and 7 p.m. , the network discovered 0 *T*-2 , so UNK wants in . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK says 0 the UNK team will probably do two live interviews a day , with most of the program , at least for now , appearing similar to UNK 's other UNK . </s>
<s> Some in the industry are skeptical . </s>
<s> `` I find it *EXP*-2 hard * to UNK of people switching over to UNK for what , at least in the public 's mind , *T*-3 is the same news , '' says *T*-1 UNK Frank , the former UNK president of NBC News and UNK of the UNK Report . </s>
<s> The evening news is also slated *-1 as UNK 's stage for its big push into UNK UNK . </s>
<s> In August , the network hired UNK producer UNK Hill , the former head of news UNK at ABC . </s>
<s> She 's UNK a staff of about 35 UNK reporters who *T*-1 will produce weekly , UNK segments , with an eye toward * breaking big stories . </s>
<s> UNK executives hope 0 the UNK created * by such UNK will generate excitement for its `` UNK '' programs , in the way 0 `` 60 UNK '' did so well for CBS *T*-1 . </s>
<s> That 's such a departure from the past that many in the industry are skeptical 0 UNK will follow through with its UNK commitment , especially after it sees the cost of *-1 producing UNK pieces . </s>
<s> `` They 've never shown any UNK * to spend money on production , '' says *T*-2 Michael UNK , a senior producer with UNK UNK , who *T*-1 notes that UNK is UNK to his job . </s>
<s> The network 's salaries have always ranged far below industry standards , * resulting in a UNK work force . </s>
<s> UNK recently gave most employees raises of as much as 15 % , but they 're still drastically UNK *-1 compared with the networks . </s>
<s> Says *ICH*-1 Mr. UNK : `` UNK is my wire service ; they 're on top of everything . </s>
<s> But *-1 to improve , they 've really got *-1 to make the investment in people . '' </s>
<s> In any case , UNK operators have reason 0 * to fear any UNK with UNK 's UNK *T*-1 . </s>
<s> They market UNK on the very UNK opportunities 0 UNK seeks *-1 to discourage *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` We would obviously be upset if those kinds of services UNK into more UNK , UNK programming , '' says *T*-2 Robert UNK , senior vice president , programming , of Continental UNK Inc. , which *T*-1 holds a 2 % stake in Turner Broadcasting . </s>
<s> The Second U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals opinion in the UNK UNK case did not UNK the position 0 Pennzoil Co. took *T*-1 in its dispute with Texaco , contrary to your Sept. 8 article `` Court UNK Texaco 's View in Pennzoil UNK -- Too Late . '' </s>
<s> The fundamental rule of contract law applied * to both cases was that courts will not enforce agreements to which the parties did not intend *-2 to be bound *-1 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> In the UNK litigation , the courts found 0 Pennzoil and UNK Oil intended *-3 to be bound *-1 ; in UNK UNK they found 0 there was no intention * to be bound *-2 . </s>
<s> UNK , the principle in the cases is the same . </s>
<s> But the outcome of a legal dispute almost always turns on the facts . </s>
<s> And the facts , as * found *-1 by the various courts in these two lawsuits , were different . </s>
<s> When you suggest otherwise *T*-1 , you leave the UNK of reporting and enter the UNK of speculation . </s>
<s> Charles F. UNK </s>
<s> Valley Federal Savings & Loan Association said 0 Imperial Corp. of America withdrew from regulators its application * to buy five Valley Federal branches , *-1 leaving the transaction in UNK . </s>
<s> The broken purchase appears as additional evidence of trouble at Imperial Corp. , whose spokesman *T*-1 said 0 the company withdrew its application from the federal Office of Thrift Supervision because of an informal notice that Imperial 's thrift unit failed *-2 to meet Community UNK Act requirements . </s>
<s> The Community UNK Act requires savings and loan associations to lend money in amounts related to areas where deposits are received *-1 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The transaction , *-1 announced *-2 in August , included about $ UNK million *U* in deposits at the five outlets in California 's San UNK Valley . </s>
<s> Terms were n't disclosed *-1 , but Valley Federal had said 0 it expected *-2 to post a modest pretax gain and to save about $ 2 million *U* in operating costs annually . </s>
<s> Valley Federal said Friday that it is considering whether *-2 to seek another buyer for the branches or to pursue the transaction with Imperial Corp. , which *T*-1 said 0 it is attempting *-3 to meet Community UNK Act requirements . </s>
<s> Valley Federal , with assets of $ 3.3 billion *U* , is based *-1 in Van UNK . </s>
<s> Imperial Corp. , based * in San Diego , is the parent of Imperial Savings & Loan . </s>
<s> In the first six months of the year it posted a net loss of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> * Call it the `` we 're too broke *-1 to fight '' defense . </s>
<s> Lawyers for dozens of insolvent savings and loan associations are trying a new UNK in their efforts * to UNK suits filed * by borrowers , developers and creditors . </s>
<s> The thrifts ' lawyers claim that the suits , UNK 700 to 1,000 in Texas alone , should be dismissed *-1 as UNK because neither the UNK nor the UNK Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp. has the money 0 * to pay judgments *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Though the argument may have a UNK ring to it , even the S&L lawyers concede 0 there 's little precedent 0 *T*-1 to back their position . </s>
<s> Still , one federal appeals court has signaled 0 it 's willing *-2 to UNK the notion , and the lawyers have renewed their arguments in Texas and eight other states where the defense is permitted *-1 under state law *T*-3 . </s>
<s> The dismissal of the pending suits could go a long way toward * clearing court UNK in Texas and reducing the UNK 's massive legal bills , which *T*-1 topped $ 73 million *U* last year . </s>
<s> The S&L lawyers were encouraged *-1 last month by an UNK ruling in two cases brought * against UNK UNK Savings & Loan Association of Dallas by the developers of the Valley UNK , best known * as the training center for the Dallas Cowboys football team . </s>
<s> UNK UNK on the ranch . </s>
<s> UNK and the UNK argued to the Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals `` that there will never be any assets with which * to satisfy a judgment against UNK Savings *T*-1 nor any means 0 * to collect from any other party , including UNK *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> `` If true , '' the court wrote *T*-1 , `` this UNK would justify dismissal of these actions on UNK grounds . '' </s>
<s> But the court said 0 it lacked enough financial information about UNK and the UNK and sent the cases back to federal district court in Dallas . </s>
<s> Charles UNK , a lawyer for UNK , says 0 he plans *-2 to file a brief *ICH*-3 this week urging the district judge *-1 to dismiss the suits , because UNK 's liabilities exceeded its assets by about $ 2 billion *U* when federal regulators closed it in August 1988 *T*-4 . </s>
<s> `` This institution is just brain dead , '' says *T*-1 Mr. UNK , a partner in the Dallas office of UNK & UNK , a Houston law firm . </s>
<s> But a lawyer for UNK Investment Group , the developer of Valley UNK , UNK such arguments as a `` defense UNK UNK . '' </s>
<s> Attorney Richard Jackson of Dallas says 0 a judgment for UNK could be satisfied *-1 in ways other than a monetary award , including the reversal of UNK 's UNK on Valley UNK . </s>
<s> `` We 're asking the court for a number of things 0 he can grant *T*-1 in addition to the UNK of victory , '' he says 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` We 'd take the Valley UNK free and clear as a UNK UNK . </s>
<s> Kenneth J. UNK , who *T*-2 was named *-1 president of this thrift holding company in August , resigned , *-3 citing personal reasons . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 he had planned *-1 to travel between the job in Denver and his San Diego home , but has found the commute too difficult 0 * to continue *T*-2 . </s>
<s> A new president was n't named *-1 . </s>
<s> UNK UNK UNK the ANC 's Sisulu and seven other political UNK . </s>
<s> UNK of supporters , many UNK UNK of the UNK African National Congress , gave the UNK activists a tumultuous reception upon their return to black UNK across the country . </s>
<s> Most of those UNK * had spent at least 25 years in prison . </s>
<s> The UNK Sisulu , sentenced * to life in UNK along with black UNK Nelson UNK for *-1 UNK *-2 to UNK the government , said 0 UNK for blacks in South Africa was in reach . </s>
<s> The releases , announced * last week by President de UNK , were viewed *-1 as Pretoria 's UNK UNK of the ANC . </s>
<s> UNK , considered * the most prominent leader of the ANC , remains in prison . </s>
<s> But his release within the next few months is widely expected *-1 . </s>
<s> The Soviet Union reported that thousands of tons of goods needed * *-1 to ease widespread shortages across the nation were UNK *-2 up at UNK and rail UNK , and food shipments were UNK because of a lack of people and equipment 0 *T*-3 to move the cargo . </s>
<s> UNK and UNK were cited *-1 , and UNK UNK warned of `` tough measures . '' </s>
<s> Bush indicated 0 there might be `` room for flexibility '' in a bill 0 *T*-2 to allow federal funding of abortions for poor women who *T*-1 are UNK of rape and incest . </s>
<s> He reiterated his opposition to such funding , but expressed hope of a compromise . </s>
<s> The president , at a news conference Friday , also renewed a call for the UNK of Panama 's Noriega . </s>
<s> The White House said 0 UNK have n't any right to abortion without the consent of their parents . </s>
<s> The administration 's policy was stated *-1 in a UNK brief urging the Supreme Court *-2 to give states more UNK 0 * to restrict abortions *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Ten of the nation 's governors , meanwhile , called on the UNK *-1 to reject efforts * to limit abortions . </s>
<s> The Justice Department announced that the FBI has been given *-2 the authority * to seize U.S. UNK overseas without the permission of foreign governments . </s>
<s> Secretary of State Baker emphasized Friday that the new policy would n't be UNK *-1 by the Bush administration without full consideration of UNK implications . </s>
<s> NASA UNK the space shuttle Atlantis ready for launch tomorrow following a UNK UNK of the flight because of a UNK engine computer . </s>
<s> The device was replaced *-1 . </s>
<s> The spacecraft 's five UNK are *-1 to UNK the Galileo space probe on an exploration mission to Jupiter . </s>
<s> South Korea 's President Roh UNK to the U.S. for a UNK visit that *T*-1 is expected *-2 to focus on ties between Washington and Seoul . </s>
<s> Roh , who *T*-3 is facing calls for the reduction of U.S. military forces in South Korea , is *-1 to meet with Bush tomorrow and is *-1 to address a joint session of Congress on Wednesday . </s>
<s> China 's Communist leadership voted *-1 to UNK the party of `` hostile and UNK elements '' and wealthy private businessmen , whom they called *T*-2 UNK . </s>
<s> The decision , *-1 reported * by the official UNK News Agency , indicated that the crackdown prompted * by UNK pro-democracy protests in June is UNK . </s>
<s> UNK of East Germans UNK to Bonn 's Embassy in Warsaw , * bringing to more than UNK the number of UNK expected * to UNK to the West beginning today . </s>
<s> More than UNK others escaped to West Germany through Hungary over the UNK . </s>
<s> In UNK , activists vowed *-1 to continue street protests 0 *T*-2 to demand internal change . </s>
<s> UNK 's President UNK met in southern France with UNK rebel leader UNK and a senior U.S. UNK in a bid * to revive an accord 0 *T*-1 to end UNK 's civil war . </s>
<s> UNK of the talks , described * by a UNK official as `` very delicate , '' were n't disclosed *-1 . </s>
<s> PLO leader Arafat insisted on guarantees that any elections in the UNK UNK would be UNK . </s>
<s> He made his remarks to a PLO gathering in UNK . </s>
<s> In the UNK UNK , underground leaders of the Arab UNK rejected a U.S. plan * to UNK UNK talks as Shamir opposed * holding such discussions in Cairo . </s>
<s> UNK Christian lawmakers presented to Arab UNK at talks in Saudi Arabia proposals for a new timetable for the withdrawal of UNK 's forces from Lebanon . </s>
<s> A plan currently under study gives UNK two years 0 * to pull back to UNK Lebanon *T*-1 , starting from the time 0 UNK 's legislature increases political power for UNK *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Hurricane Jerry threatened *-1 to combine with the highest UNK of the year *-2 to UNK the UNK coast . </s>
<s> UNK of residents of UNK areas were ordered *-1 *-2 to UNK as the storm headed north in the Gulf of Mexico with 80 UNK UNK . </s>
<s> A group of Arby 's franchisees said 0 they formed an association 0 *T*-1 to oppose Miami Beach financier Victor UNK 's control of the restaurant chain . </s>
<s> The decision is the latest move in an UNK battle between the franchisees and Mr. UNK that *T*-1 began in August . </s>
<s> At the time , a group called * UNK Partners Ltd. , consisting of eight of Arby 's largest franchisees , offered more than $ 200 million *U* *-2 to buy Arby 's Inc. , which *T*-1 is part of UNK Corp . </s>
<s> UNK is a holding company controlled * by Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> One week later , Leonard H. Roberts , president and chief executive officer of Arby 's , was fired *-1 in a dispute with Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> Friday , 42 franchisees announced the formation of an association -- called * A.P. Association Inc. -- 0 *T*-1 to `` preserve the integrity of the Arby 's system . '' </s>
<s> The franchisees , owners or operators of 1,000 of the UNK UNK Arby 's in the U.S. , said : 0 `` We have concluded that continued control of Arby 's by Victor UNK is totally UNK to us , because it is extremely likely *-1 to cause UNK damage to the Arby 's system . </s>
<s> We support all efforts * to remove Victor UNK from control of Arby 's Inc. and the Arby 's system . '' </s>
<s> The group said 0 it would consider , among other things , * UNK royalty payments and UNK a class-action lawsuit seeking court approval for the UNK . </s>
<s> In Florida , UNK UNK , a senior vice president at UNK , responded : 0 `` We do n't think 0 any individual or group should disrupt a winning system or illegally interfere with existing UNK relationships for their own UNK UNK . </s>
<s> September 's steep rise in producer prices shows that inflation still UNK , and the UNK over interest rates caused * by the new price data contributed to the stock market 's plunge Friday . </s>
<s> After *-1 falling for three consecutive months , the producer price index for finished goods shot up 0.9 % last month , the Labor Department reported 0 *T*-3 Friday , as energy prices jumped after *-2 tumbling through the summer . </s>
<s> Although the report , which *T*-2 was released *-1 before the stock market opened , did n't trigger the 190.58-point drop in the Dow Jones Industrial Average , analysts said 0 it did play a role in the market 's decline . </s>
<s> Analysts immediately viewed the price data , the UNK inflation news in months , as evidence that the Federal Reserve was unlikely *-1 to allow interest rates to fall as many investors had hoped 0 *?* . </s>
<s> *-2 Further UNK the belief that pressures in the economy were sufficient * to keep the Fed from *-1 easing credit , the Commerce Department reported Friday that retail sales grew 0.5 % in September , to $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> That rise came on top of a 0.7 % gain in August , and suggested 0 there is still healthy consumer demand in the economy . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 the Friday report , combined with the actions of the Fed , weakened the belief that there was going *-2 to be an imminent easing of monetary policy , '' said *T*-1 Robert UNK , chief economist at Northern Trust Co. in Chicago . </s>
<s> But economists were divided over the extent of the inflation threat signaled * by the new numbers . </s>
<s> `` The overall 0.9 % increase is serious in itself , but what *T*-1 is even worse is that excluding food and energy , the producer price index still increased by 0.7 % , '' said *T*-2 Gordon UNK , an economist at the National Association of Manufacturers . </s>
<s> But UNK UNK UNK , chief economist at UNK Corp. in Minneapolis , blamed rising energy prices and the annual autumn increase in car prices for most of the September jump . </s>
<s> `` I would say 0 this is not bad news ; this is a UNK , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` The core rate is not really out of line . '' </s>
<s> All year , energy prices have UNK the producer price index , which *T*-1 measures changes in the prices 0 producers receive *T*-2 for goods . </s>
<s> UNK UNK has fallen back from its UNK pace last winter , when a steep UNK in world oil prices sent the index surging at double-digit annual rates *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Energy prices then plummeted through the summer , * causing the index to decline for three consecutive months . </s>
<s> Overall , the index has climbed at a 5.1 % compound annual rate since the start of the year , the Labor Department said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> While * far more UNK than the pace at the beginning of the year , that is still a UNK rise than the UNK % increase for all of 1988 . </s>
<s> Moreover , this year 's good inflation news may have ended last month , when energy prices UNK up 6.5 % after *-2 plunging 7.3 % in August *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Some analysts expect oil prices to remain relatively stable in the months ahead , * leaving the future pace of inflation uncertain . </s>
<s> Analysts had expected that the climb in oil prices last month would lead to a substantial rise in the producer price index , but the 0.9 % climb was higher than most anticipated 0 *?* . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 the UNK -LCB- in inflation -RCB- is going *-2 to continue for a few months , '' said *T*-1 John UNK , chief economist at Bell UNK UNK , a Washington economic forecasting firm . </s>
<s> He predicted 0 that inflation will moderate next year , *-1 saying that credit conditions are fairly tight world-wide . </s>
<s> But UNK Van UNK , president of the National Association of UNK , said that last month 's rise `` is n't as bad an UNK '' as the 0.9 % figure suggests 0 *?* . </s>
<s> `` If you examine the data carefully , the increase is concentrated *-1 in energy and motor vehicle prices , rather than * being a broad-based advance in the prices of consumer and industrial goods , '' he explained *T*-2 . </s>
<s> UNK car prices jumped 3.8 % in September , after *-1 climbing 0.5 % in August and declining in the late spring and summer . </s>
<s> Many analysts said 0 the September increase was a one-time event , *-1 coming as dealers introduced their 1990 models . </s>
<s> Although all the price data were adjusted *-1 for normal seasonal fluctuations , car prices rose beyond the UNK autumn increase . </s>
<s> Prices for capital equipment rose a hefty 1.1 % in September , while prices for home electronic equipment fell 1.1 % . </s>
<s> Food prices declined UNK % , after *-1 climbing 0.3 % in August . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , the retail sales report showed that car sales rose UNK % in September to $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> But at least part of the increase could have come from higher prices , analysts said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Sales at general merchandise stores rose 1.7 % after *-1 declining UNK % in August , while sales of building materials fell 1.8 % after *-2 rising 1.7 % . </s>
<s> UNK prices for UNK goods grew 0.4 % in September , after *-1 dropping for three consecutive months . </s>
<s> Prices for crude goods , an array of raw materials , jumped 1.1 % after *-1 declining 1.9 % in August and UNK up 0.2 % in July . </s>
<s> Here are *T*-1 the Labor Department 's producer price indexes -LRB- 1982 UNK 100 -RRB- for September , before seasonal adjustment , and the percentage changes from September , 1988 . </s>
<s> UNK Financial Corp. said 0 it expects *-1 to report a loss of at least $ 125 million to $ 150 million *U* for the third quarter . </s>
<s> In the year-earlier period , UNK had net income of $ UNK *U* , but no per-share earnings . </s>
<s> UNK 's president and chief executive officer , John UNK , said 0 the loss stems from several factors . </s>
<s> He said 0 nonperforming assets rose to slightly more than $ 700 million *U* from $ UNK million *U* between June and September . </s>
<s> UNK 85 % of the total UNK of nonperforming commercial real estate assets . </s>
<s> UNK , UNK estimated that it will provide between $ 85 million and $ 110 million *U* for credit losses in the third quarter . </s>
<s> UNK added that significant additional loan-loss provisions may be required *-1 by federal regulators as part of the current annual examination of City Federal Savings Bank , UNK 's primary subsidiary , based * in UNK , N.J . </s>
<s> City Federal operates 105 banking offices in New Jersey and Florida . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 UNK will also mark its portfolio of high-yield corporate bonds to market as a result of federal legislation requiring that savings institutions UNK themselves of such bonds . </s>
<s> That action , UNK said 0 *T*-1 , will result in a charge against third-quarter results of approximately $ 30 million *U* . </s>
<s> UNK also said 0 it expects *-1 to shed its remaining mortgage loan UNK operations outside its principal markets in New Jersey and Florida and , as a result , is taking a charge for discontinued operations . </s>
<s> All these actions , Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-1 , will result in a loss of $ 125 million *U* to $ 150 million *U* for the third quarter . </s>
<s> He added , however : 0 `` UNK on the resolution of certain accounting issues relating to mortgages UNK and the outcome of the annual examination of City Federal currently in progress with respect to the appropriate level of loan loss reserves , the total loss for the quarter could significantly exceed this range . </s>
<s> CenTrust Savings Bank said 0 federal thrift regulators ordered it *-1 to suspend dividend payments on its two classes of preferred stock , * indicating that regulators ' concerns about the troubled institution have heightened . </s>
<s> In a statement , Miami-based CenTrust said 0 the regulators cited the thrift 's operating losses and `` apparent losses '' in its junk-bond portfolio in *-1 ordering the suspension of the dividends . </s>
<s> UNK also ordered CenTrust *-1 to stop *-2 buying back the preferred stock . </s>
<s> David L. Paul , chairman and chief executive officer , criticized the federal Office of Thrift Supervision , which *T*-1 issued the UNK , *-2 saying 0 it was `` inappropriate '' and based on `` UNK '' reasons . </s>
<s> He said 0 the thrift will try *-1 to get regulators to reverse the decision . </s>
<s> The suspension of a preferred stock dividend is a serious step that *T*-1 signals that regulators have deep concerns about an institution 's health . </s>
<s> In March , regulators labeled CenTrust a `` troubled institution , '' largely because of its big junk-bond holdings and its operating losses . </s>
<s> In the same month , the Office of Thrift Supervision ordered the institution *-1 to stop *-2 paying common stock dividends until its operations were on track . </s>
<s> For the nine months ended June 30 , CenTrust had a net loss of $ UNK million *U* , compared with year-earlier net income of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> CenTrust , which *T*-2 is Florida 's largest thrift , holds one of the largest junk-bond portfolios of any thrift in the nation . </s>
<s> Since April , it has UNK its high-yield bond holdings to about $ UNK million *U* from $ 1.35 billion *U* . </s>
<s> Mr. Paul said 0 only about $ 150 million *U* of the current holdings are UNK securities registered * with the Securities and Exchange Commission . </s>
<s> The remainder , he said 0 *T*-1 , are commercial loan UNK , or private UNK , that *T*-3 are n't filed *-4 with the SEC and do n't have a ready market . </s>
<s> CenTrust and regulators have been in a dispute over market UNK for the junk bonds . </s>
<s> The Office of Thrift Supervision has been UNK CenTrust *-1 to provide current market values for its holdings , but CenTrust has said 0 it ca n't easily obtain such values because of the relative UNK of the bonds and lack of a ready market . </s>
<s> UNK have become increasingly UNK about CenTrust 's and other thrifts ' junk-bond holdings in light of the recent federal thrift bailout legislation and the recent deep decline in the junk-bond market . </s>
<s> The legislation requires thrifts to UNK themselves of junk bonds in the new , UNK regulatory climate . </s>
<s> In American Stock Exchange composite trading Friday , CenTrust common shares closed at $ 3 *U* , down 12.5 cents . </s>
<s> In a statement Friday , Mr. Paul challenged the regulators ' decision , *-2 saying 0 the thrift 's operating losses and `` apparent '' junk-bond losses `` have been substantially offset *-1 by gains in other activities of the bank . '' </s>
<s> He also said 0 substantial reserves have been set *-1 aside for possible losses from the junk bonds . </s>
<s> In the third quarter , for instance , CenTrust added $ 22.5 million *U* to its general reserves . </s>
<s> Mr. Paul said 0 the regulators should instead move ahead with *-1 UNK CenTrust 's request * to sell 63 of its 71 branches to Great Western Bank , a unit of Great Western Financial Corp. based * in Beverly Hills , Calif . </s>
<s> The branch sale is the centerpiece of CenTrust 's strategy * to transform itself into a traditional S&L from a UNK institution that *T*-1 relied heavily on securities trading for profits , according to Mr. Paul . </s>
<s> Most analysts and thrift executives had expected a decision on the proposed transaction , which *T*-2 was announced *-1 in July , long before now . </s>
<s> Many interpret the delay as an indication that regulators are skeptical about the proposal . </s>
<s> UNK and deposits can be sold *-1 at a premium in the event 0 federal regulators take over an institution . </s>
<s> CenTrust , however , UNK the branch sale , *-1 saying 0 it would bring in $ 150 million *U* and reduce the thrift 's assets to $ 6.7 billion *U* from $ 9 billion *U* . </s>
<s> It said 0 the sale would give it positive UNK capital of $ 82 million *U* , or about 1.2 % of assets , from a negative $ 33 million *U* as of Sept. 30 , thus *-1 bringing CenTrust close to regulatory standards . </s>
<s> CenTrust said 0 the branch sale would also reduce the company 's large amount of good will by about $ 180 million *U* . </s>
<s> Critics , however , say 0 the branch sale will make CenTrust more dependent than ever on UNK deposits and junk bonds . </s>
<s> Mr. Paul UNK that he intends *-1 to further UNK the size of CenTrust by *-2 not renewing more than $ 1 billion *U* of UNK certificates of deposit when they come due *T*-3 . </s>
<s> The thrift is also working *-1 to unload its junk-bond portfolio by *-2 continuing *-3 to sell off the bonds , and it plans *-4 to eventually place some of them in a separate affiliate , as * required *-5 under the new thrift law . </s>
<s> On a recent Saturday night , in the midst of West Germany 's most popular prime-time show , a UNK bet the host that she could name any of 100 different UNK after just one UNK , while *-2 UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> The woman won the bet . </s>
<s> But perhaps * even more remarkable , the UNK , `` UNK UNK '' -LRB- * Make a UNK -RRB- , regularly wins the top UNK in the country 's TV ratings , *-1 sometimes drawing as many as 50 % of West German households . </s>
<s> As the 1992 economic integration approaches , Europe 's cultural UNK have taken to the UNK against American `` cultural UNK , '' *-1 threatening *-2 to impose quotas against such pop UNK as `` Dallas , '' `` Miami Vice '' and `` UNK Law . '' </s>
<s> But much of what the Europeans want *-2 to protect *T*-1 seems every bit as UNK as what they are trying *-3 to keep *T*-4 out . </s>
<s> The most UNK opposition to American TV imports has come from French television and movie producers , who *T*-2 have demanded quotas ensuring that a full 60 % of Europe 's TV shows be produced *-1 in Europe . </s>
<s> So far , the French have failed *-1 to win enough broad-based support * to prevail . </s>
<s> A UNK through the television UNK and a few UNK of the European television UNK suggest one reason why . </s>
<s> While there are some popular action and drama series , few UNK the high culture and UNK production values 0 one might expect *T*-1 . </s>
<s> More European air time is filled *-1 with UNK game shows , variety hours , movies and talk shows , many of which *T*-2 are authorized UNK of their American counterparts . </s>
<s> One of France 's most popular Saturday night programs features UNK seeking out their UNK UNK for UNK UNK . </s>
<s> A UNK game show has as its host a Belgian UNK * to be Italian . </s>
<s> One of Italy 's favorite shows , `` UNK , '' a UNK variety show , is so popular that viewers UNK *-3 to buy a UNK product , `` UNK UNK , '' whose UNK *T*-2 were UNK *-1 each week by UNK UNK -- even though the product did n't exist . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK the UNK UNK , on another typical evening of fun on `` UNK UNK , '' a UNK won a bet *ICH*-2 with the show 's host , Thomas UNK , that he could identify 300 German UNK over the telephone . </s>
<s> A UNK guest , U.S. Ambassador to West Germany Richard Burt , also won a bet that someone could pile up $ 150 *U* worth of quarters on a UNK UNK . </s>
<s> Mr. Burt nonetheless paid the penalty as if he had lost , *-1 agreeing *-2 to spend a day with West German Foreign Minister UNK UNK *-3 UNK and selling their combined weight in UNK UNK . </s>
<s> If this seems like pretty weak stuff around which * to raise the UNK barriers *T*-2 , it may be because these shows need all the protection 0 they can get *T*-1 . </s>
<s> European programs usually target only their own local audience , and often only a small portion of that . </s>
<s> UNK in Germany or Italy rarely make it even to France or Great Britain , and almost never show up on U.S. screens . </s>
<s> UNK * to produce `` UNK '' programs have generally resulted in disappointment . </s>
<s> One annual UNK , the UNK `` UNK UNK UNK , '' featuring UNK UNK from each of 20 European countries , has been described *-1 as the world 's most boring TV show . </s>
<s> Another , `` UNK UNK UNK , '' where UNK from UNK European countries make UNK of themselves *-1 performing UNK tasks *T*-2 , is a hit in France . </s>
<s> A UNK UNK under the title `` Almost UNK UNK '' UNK fast . </s>
<s> For the most part , what *T*-1 's made *-2 here stays here , and for good reason . </s>
<s> The UNK of the British crop , the literary UNK that *T*-2 are shown *-1 on U.S. public television as `` UNK UNK , '' make up a relatively small part of British air time . </s>
<s> Most British programming is more of an acquired taste . </s>
<s> There is , for instance , `` One Man and His UNK , '' a UNK contest among UNK dogs . </s>
<s> Also UNK to the British are *T*-1 hours of UNK UNK , even more hours of lawn bowling UNK and still more hours of UNK UNK . </s>
<s> European drama has had better , though still mixed , fortunes . </s>
<s> The most popular such shows focus on narrow national concerns . </s>
<s> A French UNK of `` Dallas , '' called * `` UNK '' and set * in a French UNK , had a good run in France , which *T*-2 ended after the female lead was injured *-1 in a UNK auto accident . </s>
<s> `` UNK , '' -LRB- Black Forest UNK -RRB- , a kind of German `` UNK . Elsewhere '' set * in a health UNK , is popular in Germany , and has spread into France . </s>
<s> Italy 's most popular series is a drama called * `` La UNK , '' or `` The UNK , '' which *T*-1 UNK the fight of an UNK young investigator in UNK against the UNK . </s>
<s> It was UNK news in Italy earlier this year when the UNK UNK was UNK *-2 down in the series *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Spain 's most popular UNK this year was `` UNK , '' the story of an aging UNK . </s>
<s> `` The trend is pretty well established *-1 now that local programs are the most popular , with American programs second , '' says *T*-2 Brian UNK , a former director of programs for the British Broadcasting Corp . </s>
<s> `` Given a choice , everybody will watch a UNK show . '' </s>
<s> But frequently there is n't much choice . </s>
<s> Thus , Europe has begun the recent UNK 0 *T*-1 to produce more UNK shows of its own , programs with broader appeal . </s>
<s> `` We 've basically got *-4 to start from UNK , to train writers and producers *-5 to make shows that other people will want *-2 to see *T*-3 , '' concedes *T*-1 UNK Young , head of Britain 's National Film UNK School . </s>
<s> While some in the U.S. contend that advertising is the UNK of television , here many believe that its absence is *-1 to blame *-2 for the European TV industry 's sluggish development . </s>
<s> Until recently , national governments in Europe controlled most of the air time and allowed little or no advertising . </s>
<s> Since production costs were guaranteed *-2 , it *EXP*-3 did n't matter that a program could n't be sold *-4 abroad or put *-4 into UNK , as most American programs are *?* *-1 . </s>
<s> But not much money was spent *-1 on the shows , either , a situation that *T*-2 encouraged UNK talk and game shows , while *-3 discouraging UNK UNK . </s>
<s> Now , however , commercial channels are coming to most European countries , and at the same time , satellite and cable technology is spreading rapidly . </s>
<s> Just last week , Greece authorized two commercial channels for the first time ; Spain earlier began *-1 to allow commercial television UNK its state channels . </s>
<s> The result is a new and huge appetite for programming . </s>
<s> But perhaps to the UNK of those calling for quotas , most of this UNK is likely *-2 to be filled *-1 with the cheapest and most UNK programming now available -- UNK -- usually of shows made * in the U.S. . </s>
<s> UNK Channel , a UNK venture of UNK press UNK UNK UNK , offers what *T*-1 must be a UNK cultural mix to most of its audience . </s>
<s> The financially struggling station offers programs obviously made * available UNK from its boss 's other ventures . </s>
<s> In a Madrid hotel room recently , a UNK caught the end of a badly acted series about a fishing boat on Australia 's Great UNK UNK , *-2 only to be urged *-6 by the British announcer *-3 to `` stay *-4 UNK *-5 for the further UNK of UNK the UNK . '' </s>
<s> UNK UNK in Bonn , UNK UNK in Milan , UNK UNK in London and UNK UNK in Madrid contributed to this article . </s>
<s> British Aerospace PLC and France 's UNK S.A. said 0 they are UNK an agreement * to merge their UNK divisions , *-1 greatly expanding collaboration between the two defense contractors . </s>
<s> The 50-50 joint venture , which UNK may be dubbed UNK UNK , would have combined annual sales of at least # 1.4 billion *U* -LRB- $ UNK billion *U* -RRB- and would be among the world 's largest missile makers . </s>
<s> After two years of talks , plans for the venture are sufficiently advanced for the companies to seek French and British government clearance . </s>
<s> The companies hope for a final agreement by year-end . </s>
<s> The venture would strengthen the rapidly growing ties between the two companies , and help make them a leading force in European defense contracting . </s>
<s> In recent months , a string of cross-border mergers and joint ventures have UNK the UNK world of European arms manufacture . </s>
<s> Already , British Aerospace and French UNK UNK UNK on a British missile contract and on an UNK control radar system . </s>
<s> Just last week they announced 0 they may make a joint bid * to buy UNK International UNK PLC , a smaller British defense contractor UNK * by alleged accounting fraud at a U.S. unit . </s>
<s> The sudden UNK of British Aerospace and UNK -- traditionally bitter competitors for Middle East and Third World weapons contracts -- is UNK controversy in Western Europe 's defense industry . </s>
<s> Most threatened *-2 by closer British UNK ties would be *T*-1 their respective national rivals , including UNK S.A. in France and Britain 's General Electric Co. PLC . </s>
<s> But neither UNK nor UNK -- unrelated to Stamford , UNK General Electric Co. -- are sitting quietly by as their competitors join forces . </s>
<s> Yesterday , a source close to UNK confirmed that his company may join the UNK fight , as part of a possible consortium that *T*-1 would bid against British Aerospace and UNK . </s>
<s> Companies with which UNK has had talks about a possible joint UNK bid *T*-1 include UNK , Britain 's UNK Group PLC , West Germany 's Daimler-Benz AG , and France 's UNK group . </s>
<s> But it may be weeks before UNK and its potential partners decide whether *-1 to bid , the source indicated 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> UNK plans first *-1 to study UNK 's financial accounts , which UNK recently said 0 *T*-2 included # UNK million *U* in UNK contracts at a U.S. unit , International UNK & Control Group , with which UNK merged *T*-3 last year . </s>
<s> Also , any UNK bid might be blocked *-1 by British antitrust regulators ; UNK is UNK 's main competitor on several key UNK contracts , and its purchase by UNK may UNK British Defense Ministry worries about UNK in the country 's defense industry . </s>
<s> A consortium bid , however , would UNK UNK 's direct role in UNK and might UNK UNK ministry officials . </s>
<s> A British Aerospace spokeswoman appeared UNK by the prospect of a fight with UNK for UNK : `` Competition is the name of the game , '' she said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> At least one potential UNK partner , UNK , insists 0 it is n't interested in UNK . </s>
<s> `` We have nothing 0 * to say *T*-3 about this affair , which *T*-1 does n't concern us , '' a UNK official said *T*-2 Sunday . </s>
<s> The missile venture , the British Aerospace spokeswoman said 0 *T*-1 , is a needed response to the `` new environment '' in defense contracting . </s>
<s> For both Thomson and British Aerospace , earnings in their home markets have come under pressure from increasingly UNK defense ministries ; and Middle East sales , a traditional mainstay for both companies ' exports , have been hurt *-1 by five years of weak oil prices . </s>
<s> The venture 's importance for Thomson is great . </s>
<s> Thomson feels 0 the future of its defense business depends on *-1 building cooperation with other Europeans . </s>
<s> The European defense industry is consolidating ; for instance , West Germany 's UNK AG recently joined UNK in a takeover of Britain 's UNK Co. , and Daimler-Benz agreed *-1 to buy UNK UNK UNK . UNK . </s>
<s> In missiles , Thomson is already UNK *-1 by British Aerospace and by its home rival , France 's UNK S.A. ; *-3 to better compete , Thomson officials say 0 *T*-2 , they need a partnership . </s>
<s> *-1 To justify 50-50 ownership of the planned venture , Thomson would make a cash payment to British Aerospace . </s>
<s> UNK revenue of British Aerospace 's missile business is about # UNK million *U* , a Thomson spokesman said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> British Aerospace 's chief missile products include its UNK family of UNK UNK missiles . </s>
<s> Thomson missile products , with about half British Aerospace 's annual revenue , include the UNK UNK missile family . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Line Co. said 0 it will delay a proposed UNK , UNK million UNK -LRB- US$ UNK million *U* -RRB- expansion of its system because Canada 's output of crude oil is shrinking . </s>
<s> UNK , Canada 's biggest oil pipeline operator and a major UNK of crude to the U.S. , said 0 revised industry forecasts indicate that Canadian oil output will total about UNK million barrels a day *ICH*-2 by 1991 , 8 % lower than a previous estimate . </s>
<s> Canadian crude production averaged about UNK million barrels a day *ICH*-1 during 1989 's first half , about 1 % below the 1988 level . </s>
<s> `` The capability *ICH*-1 of existing fields to deliver oil is dropping , '' and oil exploration activity is also down dramatically , as many producers shift their emphasis to natural gas , said 0 *T*-2 Ronald UNK , vice president for government and industry relations with UNK 's parent , UNK Energy Inc . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 volume on UNK 's system is down about 2 % since January and is expected *-1 to fall further , * making expansion unnecessary until perhaps the mid-1990s . </s>
<s> `` There has been a swing of the UNK back to the gas side , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Many of Canada 's oil and gas producers say 0 the outlook for natural gas is better than it is *?* for oil , and have UNK their exploration and development budgets UNK . </s>
<s> The number of active drilling UNK in Canada is down 30 % from a year ago , and the number of completed oil wells is `` down more than that , due to the increasing focus on gas exploration , '' said *T*-1 Robert UNK , manager of crude oil with Calgary 's Independent Petroleum Association of Canada , an industry group . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 the main reason for the production decline is shrinking output of light crude from mature , conventional fields in western Canada . </s>
<s> UNK UNK about 75 % of all crude produced * in western Canada , and almost 60 % of UNK 's total volume consists of light crude . </s>
<s> Nearly all of the crude oil that Canada exports *T*-3 to the U.S. is UNK *-1 on UNK 's system , whose main line *T*-2 runs from UNK to major U.S. and Canadian cities in the Great UNK region , including Chicago , UNK , Toronto and Montreal . </s>
<s> Canada 's current oil exports to the U.S. total about 600,000 barrels a day , or about UNK % of net U.S. crude imports , said 0 *T*-1 John UNK , president of the New York-based Petroleum Industry Research Foundation . </s>
<s> That ranks Canada as the UNK source of imported crude , behind Saudi Arabia , UNK and Mexico . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 Canada 's declining crude output , combined with the UNK output of U.S. crude , will help *-1 intensify U.S. reliance on oil from overseas , particularly the Middle East . </s>
<s> `` It 's very much a growing concern . </s>
<s> But when something is inevitable *T*-1 , you learn *-2 to live with it , '' he said *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK stressed that the delay of UNK 's proposed expansion wo n't by itself increase U.S. UNK on offshore crude , however , since Canadian imports are limited *-1 in any case by Canada 's falling output . </s>
<s> Under terms of its proposed UNK expansion , which *T*-1 would have required regulatory approval , UNK intended *-2 to add 200,000 barrels a day of additional capacity to its system , beginning with a modest expansion by 1991 . </s>
<s> The system currently has a capacity of 1.55 million barrels a day . </s>
<s> Inland Steel Industries Inc. expects *-1 to report that third-quarter earnings dropped more than 50 % from the previous quarter as a result of reduced sales volume and increased costs . </s>
<s> In the second quarter , the steelmaker had net income of $ UNK million *U* or $ 1.25 *U* a share , including a pretax charge of $ 17 million *U* related to the settlement of a suit , on sales of $ 1.11 billion *U* . </s>
<s> The company said 0 normal seasonal softness and lost orders caused * by prolonged labor talks reduced shipments by 200,000 tons in the latest quarter , compared with the second quarter . </s>
<s> At the same time , the UNK business was hurt *-1 by continued increases in materials costs and repair and maintenance expenses , as well as higher labor costs under its new contract . </s>
<s> The UNK business was hurt *-3 by reduced margins and start-up costs associated with its Joseph T. UNK & UNK unit . </s>
<s> The company said 0 it is beginning *-2 to see some UNK improvements *ICH*-3 in both the UNK and UNK segments , which *T*-1 should result in improved results for the fourth quarter . </s>
<s> Inland said 0 its third-quarter results will be announced *-1 later this week . </s>
<s> In the year-earlier third quarter , when the industry was in the midst of a boom *T*-1 , the company had net of $ 61 million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on sales of $ 1.02 billion *U* . </s>
<s> * UNK the financial results of computer firms has been a tough job lately . </s>
<s> * Take Microsoft Corp. , the largest maker of personal computer software and generally considered an industry bellwether . </s>
<s> In July , the company stunned Wall Street with the UNK that growth in the personal computer business overall would be only 10 % *ICH*-1 in 1990 , a modest increase when * compared *-2 with the UNK expansion of years past *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Investors -- *-2 taking this as a sign that a broad industry slump was in the UNK -- reacted by *-2 selling the company 's stock , which *T*-1 lost $ 3.25 *U* that day * to close at $ 52 *U* in national over-the-counter trading . </s>
<s> But that was all of three months ago . </s>
<s> Last week , Microsoft said 0 it expects revenue for its first quarter ended Sept. 30 to increase 34 % . </s>
<s> The announcement caused the company 's stock to surge $ UNK *U* *-1 to close at $ UNK *U* a share . </s>
<s> Microsoft 's surprising strength is one example of the difficulty facing investors looking for UNK about the financial health of the computer firms . </s>
<s> `` It *EXP*-3 's hard * to know what * to expect *T*-2 at this point , '' said *T*-1 Peter UNK , an analyst at Robertson UNK & Co . </s>
<s> `` The industry UNK UNK . '' </s>
<s> *-2 To illustrate , Mr. UNK said that of the 14 UNK firms 0 he follows *T*-1 , half *T*-3 will report for their most recent quarter earnings below last year 's results , and half above those results . </s>
<s> Among those companies expected * to have a down quarter are *T*-1 Hewlett-Packard Co. , UNK Corp. and Sun Microsystems Inc. , generally solid performers in the past . </s>
<s> International Business Machines Corp. also is expected *-1 to report disappointing results . </s>
<s> Apple Computer Inc. , meanwhile , is expected *-1 to show improved earnings for the period ended UNK . </s>
<s> Another UNK message comes from UNK Inc. , a computer retailer . </s>
<s> In July , the company reported that booming sales of new personal computers from Apple and IBM had resulted in net income more than doubling for its fourth quarter ended June 30 to $ 7.4 million *U* , or 23 cents a share . </s>
<s> This month , however , UNK warned investors that results for its first quarter ended Sept. 30 had n't met expectations . </s>
<s> The company said 0 it expects earnings of 14 to 17 cents a share , down from 25 cents a share in the year-earlier period . </s>
<s> While the earnings picture UNK , observers say 0 the major forces expected * to shape the industry in the coming year are UNK . </s>
<s> Companies will continue *-1 to war over standards . </s>
<s> In computer publishing , a battle over UNK is hurting UNK Systems Inc. , which *T*-1 sells software that *T*-2 controls the image produced * by UNK and displays . </s>
<s> Until recently , UNK had a lock on the market for image software , but last month Apple , UNK 's biggest customer , and Microsoft UNK . </s>
<s> Now the two firms are UNK on an alternative to UNK 's approach , and analysts say 0 they are likely *-1 to carry IBM , the biggest seller of personal computers , along with them . </s>
<s> The short-term outlook for UNK 's business , however , appears strong . </s>
<s> The company is beginning *-2 to ship a new software program that *T*-3 's being UNK *-1 as a UNK for owners of UNK UNK sold * by Apple . </s>
<s> The program is aimed *-1 at * improving the quality of printed material . </s>
<s> John UNK , UNK 's chief executive officer , said 0 the Mountain View , Calif. , company has been receiving 1,000 calls a day about the product since it was demonstrated *-1 at a computer publishing conference several weeks ago . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , competition between various operating systems , which *T*-1 control the basic functions of a computer , UNK trouble for software firms generally . </s>
<s> `` It creates uncertainty and usually UNK down sales , '' said *T*-1 UNK UNK , an analyst at UNK Financial Group . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 this probably is behind the expected weak performance of UNK Corp. , maker of a widely used computer publishing program . </s>
<s> He expects UNK to report earnings of 21 cents a share on revenues of $ UNK million *U* for its third quarter , compared with earnings of 30 cents a share on revenue of UNK million in the year-earlier period . </s>
<s> UNK officials could n't be reached *-1 for comment . </s>
<s> On the other hand , the battle of the bus is expected *-1 to grow increasingly UNK . </s>
<s> A bus is the data highway within a computer . </s>
<s> IBM is backing one type of bus called * UNK , while the nine other leading computer makers , including UNK and Compaq Computer Corp. , have chosen another method . </s>
<s> `` UNK do n't care about the bus , '' said *T*-1 Daniel UNK , an analyst at Goldman , Sachs & Co . </s>
<s> He said 0 Apple 's family of UNK computers , for instance , uses four different buses `` and no one seems *-1 to mind . '' </s>
<s> The gap between winners and UNK will grow . </s>
<s> In personal computers , Apple , Compaq and IBM are expected *-1 to UNK their hold on their business . </s>
<s> At the same time , UNK firms will continue *-1 to lose ground . </s>
<s> Some lagging competitors even may leave the personal computer business altogether . </s>
<s> UNK Technology , for instance , is considered *-1 a candidate 0 *T*-2 to sell its troubled operation . </s>
<s> `` UNK has done well *-3 establishing a distribution business , but they have n't delivered products that *T*-1 sell , '' said *T*-2 UNK Brown , an analyst at Prudential-Bache Securities . </s>
<s> Mr. Brown estimates 0 UNK , whose terminals business *T*-1 is strong , will report a loss of 12 cents a share for its quarter ended UNK . </s>
<s> UNK makers will continue *-1 to eat away at the business of more traditional computer firms . </s>
<s> UNK powerful UNK computers , designed * with one or more microprocessors as their `` UNK , '' are expected *-1 to increasingly take on functions carried out by more expensive minicomputers and mainframes . </s>
<s> `` The guys that *T*-2 make traditional hardware are really being UNK *-1 by UNK machines , '' said *T*-3 Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> As a result of this trend , longtime UNK UNK , IBM and Digital Equipment Corp. are scrambling *-1 to UNK with UNK systems of their own . </s>
<s> But they will have *-1 to act quickly . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK expects Compaq to unveil a family of high-end personal computers *ICH*-1 later this year that *T*-5 are powerful enough *-2 to serve as the UNK for communications within large networks of UNK machines . </s>
<s> A UNK of new computer companies also has targeted this `` UNK '' market . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Ends For UNK States </s>
<s> UNK UNK UNK a comeback . </s>
<s> So are *T*-1 Indiana , Ohio and Michigan . </s>
<s> The population of all four states is on the UNK , according to new Census Bureau estimates , following declines throughout the early 1980s . </s>
<s> The gains , * to be sure , are rather small . </s>
<s> Iowa , for instance , saw its population grow by UNK people , or 0.4 % , between 1987 and 1988 , the Census Bureau says 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Still , even that modest increase is good news for a state that *T*-1 had n't grown at all since 1981 . </s>
<s> Between 1987 and 1988 , North UNK was the only state in the Midwest 0 *T*-1 to lose population , a loss of 4,000 people . </s>
<s> UNK of the 12 UNK states have been growing steadily since 1980 -- Illinois , Kansas , Minnesota , Missouri , South UNK and Wisconsin . </s>
<s> The Northeast has been holding its own in the population race . </s>
<s> UNK of nine states have grown each year since 1980 , including New York , which *T*-1 lost 4 % of its population during the 1970s . </s>
<s> And although Pennsylvania and Massachusetts suffered slight declines earlier in the decade , they are growing again . </s>
<s> At the same time , several states in the South and West have had their own population turnaround . </s>
<s> UNK states that *T*-1 grew in the early 1980s are now losing population -- West Virginia , Mississippi , Louisiana , Oklahoma , UNK , Wyoming and Alaska . </s>
<s> Overall , though , the South and West still UNK the Northeast and Midwest , and fast-growing states like Florida and California ensure that the pattern will continue . </s>
<s> But the growth gap between the Sun UNK and other regions has clearly started *-1 narrowing . </s>
<s> More UNK UNK Their UNK </s>
<s> UNK UNK modern medicine , more couples are growing old together . </s>
<s> And even after *-1 losing a UNK , more of the elderly are staying independent . </s>
<s> A new Census Bureau study of the UNK population shows that 64 % of people UNK 65 to 74 *ICH*-1 were living with a UNK in 1988 , up from 59 % in 1970 . </s>
<s> This does n't mean 0 they 're less likely *-1 to live alone , however . </s>
<s> That share has remained at about 24 % since 1970 . </s>
<s> What *T*-1 has changed is that more of the young elderly are living with spouses rather than with other UNK , such as children . </s>
<s> In 1988 , 10 % of those UNK 65 to 74 *ICH*-1 lived with UNK other than spouses , down from 15 % in 1970 . </s>
<s> As people get even older , many become UNK . </s>
<s> But even among those UNK 75 and older , the share living with a UNK rose slightly , to 40 % in 1988 from 38 % in 1970 . </s>
<s> Like their younger counterparts , the older elderly are less likely *-1 to live with other UNK . </s>
<s> Only 17 % of those UNK 75 and older lived with UNK other than spouses in 1988 , down from 26 % in 1970 . </s>
<s> The likelihood of * living alone beyond the age of 75 has increased to 40 % from 32 % . </s>
<s> More people are remaining independent longer UNK because they are better off UNK and financially . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Most For the UNK </s>
<s> UNK UNK people place personal success and money above family . </s>
<s> At least that 's what a survey by Ernst & Young and UNK , UNK , UNK indicates *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK of respondents said 0 they strongly felt the need * to be successful in their jobs , while fewer than half said 0 they strongly felt the need * to spend more time with their families . </s>
<s> * UNK successful in careers and spending the money 0 they make *T*-1 are top priorities for this group . </s>
<s> Unlike most studies of the affluent market , this survey UNK the UNK . </s>
<s> Average household income for the sample was $ UNK *U* , and average net assets were reported *-1 as $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> The goal was * to learn about one of today 's fastest-growing income groups , the UNK class . </s>
<s> Although they represent only 2 % of the population , they control nearly one-third of discretionary income . </s>
<s> UNK the board , these consumers value quality , buy what they like *T*-2 rather than just what they need *T*-3 , and appreciate products that *T*-1 are UNK . </s>
<s> Despite their considerable UNK and assets , 40 % of the respondents in the study do n't feel financially secure , and UNK do n't feel that they have made it . </s>
<s> UNK percent do n't even feel 0 they are financially well off . </s>
<s> Many of the affluent are n't comfortable with themselves , either . </s>
<s> About 40 % do n't feel 0 they 're more able than others . </s>
<s> While UNK feel some UNK about *-1 being affluent , only 25 % give $ 2,500 *U* or more to charity each year . </s>
<s> UNK percent attend UNK services regularly ; at the same time , 60 % feel that in life one sometimes has *-1 to compromise one 's principles . </s>
<s> Odds and Ends </s>
<s> THE UNK of women and minorities who *T*-1 hold jobs in top management in the nation 's largest banks has more than doubled since 1978 . </s>
<s> The American Bankers Association says that women make up 47 % of officials and managers in the top 50 banks , up from 33 % in 1978 . </s>
<s> The share of minorities in those positions has risen to 16 % from 12 % ... . </s>
<s> UNK personal income in the U.S. grew faster than inflation last year , according to the Bureau of Economic UNK . </s>
<s> The amount of income UNK * up for each man , woman and child was $ UNK *U* *ICH*-1 in 1988 , up 6.6 % from $ UNK *U* in 1987 . </s>
<s> UNK capita personal income ranged from $ UNK *U* in Mississippi to $ UNK *U* in Connecticut ... . </s>
<s> There are 13.1 million students in college *ICH*-1 this fall , up 2 % from 1988 , the National Center for Education Statistics estimates 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> About 54 % are women , and 44 % are UNK students . </s>
<s> This small Dallas suburb 's got trouble . </s>
<s> UNK with a capital UNK and that UNK with UNK and that stands for pool . </s>
<s> More than 30 years ago , Prof. Harold Hill , the UNK man in Meredith UNK 's `` The UNK Man , '' warned the citizens of River City , Iowa , against the game . </s>
<s> Now UNK spirits on UNK 's town council have barred the town 's UNK hotel , the Grand UNK , from *-1 UNK three free pool tables in its new UNK . </s>
<s> Mayor Lynn UNK and two members of the council said 0 they were worried about * setting a precedent that *T*-1 would permit pool UNK along UNK 's main street . </s>
<s> And the mayor , in an UNK that *T*-1 bears a UNK UNK to Prof. Hill 's , warned that `` alcohol leads to betting , which *T*-2 leads to UNK . '' </s>
<s> The council 's action is yet another blow to a sport that its fans claim 0 *T*-2 has been UNK *-1 UNK for years . </s>
<s> `` Obviously they 're not in touch with what *T*-2 's going on , '' says *T*-1 Tom UNK , vice president of the National UNK UNK Association . </s>
<s> UNK is hot in New York and Chicago , he insists 0 *T*-2 , where `` upscale , UNK places '' are adding tables *T*-3 . </s>
<s> With today 's tougher UNK driving laws , he adds 0 *T*-1 , `` people do n't want *-2 to just sit around and drink . '' </s>
<s> Besides , UNK behavior seems unlikely at the Grand UNK , where rooms average $ 200 *U* a night *T*-1 and the cheap mixed drinks go for $ UNK *U* a pop *T*-1 . </s>
<s> At the UNK , manager Elizabeth UNK wo n't admit UNK in jeans , UNK or UNK shoes . </s>
<s> But a majority of the UNK council did n't buy those arguments . </s>
<s> * UNK pool , argued 0 *T*-1 UNK UNK UNK , would be `` dangerous . </s>
<s> It would open a can of UNK . '' </s>
<s> UNK is no UNK to cans of UNK , either . </s>
<s> After its previous mayor committed UNK last year , an investigation disclosed that town officials regularly voted on their own projects , gave special favors to developer friends and dipped into the town 's UNK for trips and UNK . </s>
<s> The UNK UNK town officials , although they argued that the problems were n't as severe as the media suggested 0 *?* . </s>
<s> Now comes the pool UNK . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 there 's some people worried about something pretty ridiculous , '' UNK John UNK says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` I thought 0 this was all taken care of *-1 in ` The UNK Man . </s>
<s> The only thing 0 Robert Goldberg could UNK *T*-1 about CBS 's new show `` Island UNK '' -LRB- UNK & Arts , Sept. 25 -RRB- was the local color ; unfortunately neither he nor the producers of the show have done their UNK . </s>
<s> For instance : `` UNK '' -LRB- white -RRB- is not the ultimate UNK ; `` UNK UNK '' is *?* . </s>
<s> Richard UNK UNK as a `` UNK UNK , '' *-1 UNK in a UNK UNK and rolling up its long UNK . </s>
<s> And the local expression for brother is `` UNK , '' not `` UNK . '' </s>
<s> And even if a UNK would wear UNK in her hair while *-1 on duty , if she were engaged she would know *-2 to wear them behind her left , not right , UNK . </s>
<s> UNK , the show does not even have the one UNK quality of genuine local color . </s>
<s> UNK Davis </s>
<s> Of all the ethnic UNK in America , which *T*-2 *T*-1 is the most troublesome right now ? </s>
<s> A good bet would be the tension between blacks and UNK in New York City . </s>
<s> Or so it must seem *T*-1 to UNK Mason , the veteran Jewish UNK appearing in a new ABC UNK airing on Tuesday nights -LRB- UNK p.m. EDT -RRB- . </s>
<s> Not only is *ICH*-1 Mr. Mason the star of `` Chicken Soup , '' he 's also the UNK of a UNK tradition UNK back to `` UNK Soup , '' and he 's currently a man in hot water . </s>
<s> Here , in UNK language , is *T*-1 the UNK of Mr. Mason 's remarks , quoted * first in the UNK Voice while he was a paid spokesman for the Rudolph Giuliani mayoral campaign , and then in Newsweek after he and the campaign UNK company . </s>
<s> Mr. Mason said that many Jewish voters feel guilty toward blacks , so they support black candidates UNK . </s>
<s> He said that many black voters feel bitter about racial discrimination , so they , too , support black candidates UNK . </s>
<s> He said that UNK have contributed more *ICH*-2 to black causes over the years than vice UNK . </s>
<s> Of course , Mr. Mason did not use UNK language . </s>
<s> As a UNK of ethnic humor from the old days on the UNK UNK , live television and the UNK circuit , Mr. Mason UNK reached for the UNK . </s>
<s> He said 0 UNK were `` sick with UNK '' ; and he called David Dinkins , Mr. Giuliani 's black opponent , `` a fancy UNK with a UNK . '' </s>
<s> If Mr. Mason had used less UNK language *-1 to UNK his UNK analysis of the voting behavior of his fellow New UNK , would the water be quite so hot ? </s>
<s> It probably would *?* , because few or none of the people upset by Mr. Mason 's remarks have bothered *-1 to UNK between the substance of his comments and the fact that he used UNK language . </s>
<s> In addition , some of Mr. Mason 's critics have UNK that his type of ethnic humor is itself a form of UNK . </s>
<s> For example , the New York state counsel for the UNK said that Mr. Mason is `` like a UNK . </s>
<s> People are fast leaving the place where he is stuck *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> These critics fail *-3 to UNK between the type of ethnic humor that *T*-1 aims at *-5 UNK another group , such as `` Polish jokes '' ; and the type that *T*-2 is UNK , *-4 aiming UNK as well as UNK . </s>
<s> The latter typically is the humor of the UNK , and it was UNK *-1 by both blacks and UNK on the UNK and UNK stage as a means of *-1 UNK their white and UNK audiences along with themselves . </s>
<s> In the hands of a UNK like UNK Bruce , this UNK UNK could cut both the UNK and the audience to UNK . </s>
<s> But * UNK *-1 by a pro like UNK Mason , it is a UNK form of UNK . </s>
<s> Why UNK ? </s>
<s> Because despite all the media UNK about comedy and politics not UNK , they are similar in one respect : Both can serve as UNK for * easing UNK and UNK the UNK of groups in conflict . </s>
<s> That 's why it *EXP*-2 's dangerous * to have UNK thought police , on college UNK and elsewhere , UNK all critical mention of group differences *T*-1 . </s>
<s> As Elizabeth UNK wrote in the New York Times just before the Mason UNK , `` Perhaps UNK would not UNK over with such intensity if UNK differences were allowed *-1 to UNK . '' </s>
<s> The question is , if group conflicts still exist -LRB- as UNK they do *?* -RRB- , and if Mr. Mason 's type of ethnic humor is UNK , then what other means *ICH*-2 do we have *T*-1 for * letting off steam ? </s>
<s> * Do n't say 0 the TV UNK , because that happens *-2 to be a UNK that , in its desperate need * to attract everybody and UNK nobody , *T*-1 resembles politics more than it does *?* comedy . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-1 is true that the best UNK do allow group differences to UNK : UNK vs. UNK UNK in `` UNK '' ; children vs. adults in `` The Cosby Show . '' </s>
<s> But these are not the differences that *T*-1 make UNK . </s>
<s> In `` Chicken Soup , '' Mr. Mason plays UNK , a Jewish UNK UNK UNK -LRB- Lynn UNK -RRB- , an Irish widow and mother of three , against the wishes of his mother -LRB- UNK UNK -RRB- and her brother Michael -LRB- UNK UNK -RRB- . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-1 's worth noting that both UNK UNK are UNK . </s>
<s> At least , they both speak with strong UNK , as do *?* UNK and UNK . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-1 could n't be more obvious that `` Chicken Soup '' is being made *-2 from an old UNK . </s>
<s> And a safe one -- * imagine if the UNK in question were between an UNK UNK and a member of the UNK of UNK . </s>
<s> Back in the 1920s , the play and movie versions of `` UNK 's Irish Rose '' made the theme of UNK between the UNK UNK of Jewish and Irish UNK so popular that its author , Anne UNK , lost a UNK suit on the grounds that the plot has entered the public UNK . </s>
<s> And it has remained there , as * UNK *-2 by its UNK in a 1972 CBS UNK called * `` UNK UNK UNK , '' whose sole UNK *T*-1 was that it led to the UNK marriage of Meredith UNK and David UNK . </s>
<s> Clearly , the question with `` Chicken Soup '' is not whether the UNK will UNK over , but whether it will UNK at all . </s>
<s> So far , the UNK have been few and far between . </s>
<s> Part of the problem is the tendency *ICH*-1 of all UNK , ever since the UNK days of Norman UNK , * to UNK about social issues . </s>
<s> To some extent , this tendency emerges whenever the show tries *-2 to UNK us about ethnic UNK by *-3 UNK them *T*-1 . </s>
<s> For instance , Michael UNK UNK not because he 's a UNK Jewish businessman , but because he UNK his UNK job as a salesman in order *-1 to become a social worker . </s>
<s> Even more UNK is *T*-1 the UNK between UNK UNK and Mr. Mason 's comic UNK . </s>
<s> The best moments in the show occur at the beginning and the end -LRB- and occasionally in the middle -RRB- , when Mr. Mason UNK into his UNK UNK *T*-2 and starts *-1 UNK out that old-fashioned Jewish UNK to other people as well as to himself *T*-2 . </s>
<s> But too often , these UNK lack spark because this UNK , like all UNK , is UNK about *-1 UNK Mr. Mason 's stock in trade - ethnic differences . </s>
<s> I 'm not suggesting that the producers start *-1 putting together UNK about topics like the UNK dispute over the UNK UNK at UNK . </s>
<s> That issue , like racial UNK in New York City , will have *-1 to cool down , not heat up , before it can UNK . </s>
<s> But I am suggesting that they stop requiring Mr. Mason to UNK his classic UNK with some line about `` * UNK for other people '' that *T*-1 would sound UNK on the UNK of Miss America . </s>
<s> At your age , UNK , you ought *-2 to know that you ca n't make UNK without *-1 turning up the UNK . </s>
<s> The official White House reaction to a plunge in stock prices has a UNK history of calm , right up through Friday . </s>
<s> Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady said in a statement Friday that the stock-market decline `` does n't signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy . '' </s>
<s> `` The economy , '' he added 0 *T*-1 , `` remains UNK and the outlook is for continued moderate growth . '' </s>
<s> * UNK familiar ? </s>
<s> Here 's *T*-2 what Ronald Reagan said *T*-1 after the 1987 crash : `` The underlying economy remains sound . </s>
<s> There is nothing wrong with the economy ... all the UNK are up . '' </s>
<s> * UNK that before ? </s>
<s> After the 1929 crash , Herbert UNK said : 0 `` The fundamental business of the country ... is on a sound and UNK basis . </s>
<s> James Robinson , 57 years old , was elected *-1 president and chief executive officer of this maker of magnetic recording heads for disk drives . </s>
<s> He has been president and chief executive officer of UNK Electronics Corp. , a division of North American UNK Corp. , itself a subsidiary of UNK . UNK of the Netherlands . </s>
<s> Charles J. Lawson Jr. , 68 , who *T*-1 had been acting chief executive since June 14 , will continue as chairman . </s>
<s> The former president and chief executive , Eric W. UNK , resigned in June . </s>
<s> The Senate 's decision * to approve a UNK deficit-reduction bill without a capital-gains tax cut still leaves open the possibility of * UNK a gains tax reduction this year . </s>
<s> Late Friday night , the Senate voted UNK *-1 to approve an estimated $ 13.5 billion *U* measure that *T*-2 had been stripped UNK of hundreds of provisions that UNK would have widened , rather than narrowed , the federal budget deficit . </s>
<s> Lawmakers drastically UNK the bill *-1 to UNK criticism that it was UNK with UNK tax breaks and spending increases . </s>
<s> `` We 're putting a deficit-reduction bill back in the category of * being a deficit-reduction bill , '' said *T*-1 Senate Budget Committee Chairman James UNK -LRB- D. , UNK . -RRB- . </s>
<s> But Senate supporters of the UNK legislation said that other bills *ICH*-2 would soon be moving through Congress that *T*-4 could carry some of the measures that *T*-1 had been cast *-3 aside , including a capital-gains tax cut . </s>
<s> In addition , the companion deficit-reduction bill already passed * by the House includes a capital-gains provision . </s>
<s> House-Senate negotiations are likely *-1 to begin at UNK and last for a while . </s>
<s> `` No one can predict exactly what *T*-1 will happen on the House side , '' said *T*-2 Senate UNK Leader Robert Dole -LRB- R. , UNK . -RRB- . </s>
<s> But , he added 0 *T*-1 , `` I believe 0 Republicans and Democrats will work together *-2 to get capital-gains reform this year . '' </s>
<s> White House Budget Director Richard Darman told reporters yesterday that the administration would n't push *-1 to keep the capital-gains cut in the final version of the bill . </s>
<s> `` We do n't need this as a way 0 * to get capital gains *T*-2 , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> House Budget Committee Chairman UNK UNK -LRB- D. , Calif . -RRB- said in an interview , 0 `` If that 's the signal that *T*-1 comes from the White House , that will help a great deal . '' </s>
<s> The Senate 's decision was a setback for President Bush and will make approval of a capital-gains tax cut less certain this year . </s>
<s> UNK of the cut are playing UNK . </s>
<s> Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell -LRB- D. , Maine -RRB- said 0 he was `` confident '' that any House-Senate agreement on the deficit-reduction legislation would n't include a capital-gains tax cut . </s>
<s> And a senior aide to the House Ways and Means Committee , where tax legislation UNK *T*-2 , said 0 there are n't any `` plans * to produce another tax bill that *T*-1 could carry a gains tax cut this year . '' </s>
<s> One obvious place 0 * to UNK a capital-gains tax cut , and perhaps other popular items stripped * from the deficit-reduction bill , *T*-1 is the legislation 0 *T*-2 to raise the federal borrowing limit . </s>
<s> Such legislation must be enacted *-1 by the end of the month . </s>
<s> The Senate bill was UNK *-1 back in an attempt * to speed deficit-reduction through Congress . </s>
<s> Because the legislation has n't been completed *-1 , President Bush has until midnight tonight *-2 to enact across-the-board spending cuts mandated * by the Gramm-Rudman deficit-reduction law . </s>
<s> Senators hope that the need * to avoid those cuts will pressure the House to agree to the UNK bill . </s>
<s> The House appears reluctant *-1 to join the senators . </s>
<s> A key is whether House Republicans are willing *-1 to UNK to their Senate colleagues ' decision * to drop many pet provisions . </s>
<s> `` Although I am encouraged *-1 by the Senate action , '' said *T*-3 Chairman Dan UNK -LRB- D. , Ill . -RRB- of the House Ways and Means Committee , `` it *EXP*-4 is uncertain whether a clean bill can be achieved *-2 in the UNK conference with the Senate . '' </s>
<s> Another big question UNK over the debate is what President Bush thinks *T*-1 . </s>
<s> He has been UNK a UNK bill without a guaranteed vote on his capital-gains tax cut . </s>
<s> But Republican senators saw no way 0 * to overcome a procedural hurdle *T*-1 and UNK the 60 votes needed * * to win the capital-gains issue on the floor *T*-1 , so they went ahead with the UNK bill . </s>
<s> The Senate bill was stripped *-1 of many popular , though UNK , provisions , a number of which *T*-2 are included *-3 in the UNK bill . </s>
<s> These include a UNK initiative and UNK of UNK tax breaks for low-income housing and UNK expenditures . </s>
<s> Also missing from the Senate bill is *T*-2 the House 's repeal of a law , called * Section 89 , that *T*-1 UNK companies to give UNK workers comparable health benefits to top paid executives . </s>
<s> One UNK provision that *T*-1 was originally in the Senate bill but was cut *-3 out because it lost money was the proposal *ICH*-2 by Chairman Lloyd UNK -LRB- D. , Texas -RRB- of the Senate Finance Committee * to expand the deduction for individual retirement accounts . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK said 0 he hopes 0 the Senate will consider that measure soon . </s>
<s> To the UNK of some doctors , the bill dropped a plan passed * by the Finance Committee that *T*-1 would have UNK the entire UNK system under Medicare . </s>
<s> To the UNK of many low-income people , efforts * to boost Medicaid funding , especially in rural areas , also were UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> *-3 Asked *-1 why senators were giving up so much *T*-2 , New Mexico Sen. Pete UNK , the ranking Republican on the Senate Budget Committee , said , 0 `` We 're looking like UNK . </s>
<s> UNK had just gone too far . '' </s>
<s> Sen. Dole said that the move required sacrifice by every senator . </s>
<s> It worked , others said 0 *T*-2 , because there were no exceptions : all UNK provisions were UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> The Senate also dropped a plan by its Finance Committee that *T*-1 would have increased the income UNK beyond which senior citizens have their Social Security benefits reduced *-2 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> In addition , the bill dropped a plan * to make permanent a 3 % UNK tax on long-distance telephone calls . </s>
<s> It no longer includes a plan that *T*-2 would have UNK what *T*-3 remains of the UNK method of accounting , which *T*-4 is used *-1 by military contractors *-5 to reduce their tax burden . </s>
<s> It also drops a provision that *T*-1 would have permitted corporations to use excess pension funds *-2 to pay health benefits for current UNK . </s>
<s> Also UNK *-3 was *T*-2 a UNK increase in the maximum UNK Safety and Health Administration penalties , which *T*-1 would have raised $ 65 million *U* in fiscal 1990 . </s>
<s> A provision that *T*-2 would have made the Social Security Administration an independent agency was UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> The approval of the Senate bill was especially sweet for Sen. Mitchell , who *T*-1 had proposed the streamlining . </s>
<s> Mr. Mitchell 's relations with Budget Director Darman , who *T*-3 pushed for a capital-gains cut to be added *-4 to the measure , have been UNK *-1 since Mr. Darman chose *-2 to UNK the Maine Democrat and deal with other lawmakers earlier this year during a dispute over drug funding in the fiscal 1989 UNK spending bill . </s>
<s> The deficit reduction bill contains $ 5.3 billion *U* in tax increases in fiscal 1990 , and $ 26 billion *U* over five years . </s>
<s> The UNK provisions , which *T*-7 affect mostly corporations , would : </s>
<s> -- UNK companies that UNK have made leveraged buy-outs from *-1 getting federal tax refunds resulting from losses caused * by interest payments on debt issued * * to finance the buy-outs , effective Aug. 2 , 1989 . </s>
<s> -- UNK mutual funds to include in their taxable income dividends paid * to them on the date that the dividends are declared rather than received *-4 *T*-2 , effective the day after the tax bill is enacted *-5 . </s>
<s> -- UNK a UNK regarding employee stock ownership plans *ICH*-3 , effective June 6 , 1989 , that *T*-1 has been UNK *-6 by investment bankers in corporate takeovers . </s>
<s> The measure UNK a 50 % exclusion given * to banks on the interest from loans used * * to acquire securities for an UNK , if the UNK owns less than 30 % of the employer 's stock . </s>
<s> -- UNK junk bonds by * ending tax benefits for certain securities , such as zero-coupon bonds , that *T*-1 postpone cash interest payments . </s>
<s> -- UNK $ UNK million *U* by * UNK for one year an automatic reduction in airport and UNK taxes . </s>
<s> -- UNK up the collection of the payroll tax from large companies , effective August 1990 . </s>
<s> -- UNK a tax on UNK chemicals , such as those used * in air UNK and in UNK , beginning at $ 1.10 *U* a pound starting next year . </s>
<s> -- UNK income taxes from the UNK of certain farm workers currently exempt from UNK . </s>
<s> -- UNK the collection of gasoline UNK taxes to weekly from UNK , effective next year . </s>
<s> -- UNK the ability *ICH*-1 of real estate owners * to escape taxes by *-2 UNK one piece of property for another instead of *-3 selling it for cash . </s>
<s> -- UNK to $ 6 *U* a person from $ 3 *U* the international UNK departure tax , and impose a $ UNK *U* tax on international departures by commercial ships . </s>
<s> The measure also includes spending cuts and increases in federal fees . </s>
<s> Among its provisions : </s>
<s> -- UNK of Medicare spending in fiscal 1990 by some $ 2.8 billion *U* , in part by * curbing increases in UNK to UNK . </s>
<s> The plan would impose a brief freeze on physician fees next year . </s>
<s> -- UNK of the U.S. Postal Service 's operating budget from the federal budget , * reducing the deficit by $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> A similar provision is in the House version . </s>
<s> -- Authority for the Federal Aviation Administration to raise $ UNK million *U* by *-1 charging fees for commercial UNK rights at New York 's UNK and John F. Kennedy International UNK , UNK International Airport in Chicago and National Airport in Washington . </s>
<s> -- UNK in Nuclear Regulatory Commission fees totaling $ 54 million *U* . </s>
<s> -- UNK *ICH*-2 to the U.S. Coast Guard *-1 to collect $ 50 million *U* from users of Coast Guard services . </s>
<s> -- UNK an additional $ 43 million *U* by * increasing existing Federal Communications Commission fees and penalties and establishing new fees for UNK radio operators , ship stations and mobile radio facilities . </s>
<s> John E. UNK contributed to this article . </s>
<s> In response to your overly optimistic , UNK piece on how long unemployment lasts *T*-1 -LRB- People UNK , Sept. 20 -RRB- : I am in the communications field , above entry level . </s>
<s> I was laid *-1 off in August 1988 , and after a UNK and UNK job search , was hired *-1 in August 1989 . </s>
<s> My unemployment insurance ran out before I found a job ; I found cutbacks and layoffs in many companies . </s>
<s> The statistics quoted * by the `` new '' Census Bureau report -LRB- UNK * from 1984 to 1986 -RRB- are out of date , certainly as an average for the Northeast , and possibly for the rest of the country . </s>
<s> I think 0 what *T*-1 bothered me most about the piece was that there seemed *-2 to be an underlying attitude * to tell your readers 0 all is well -- if you 're getting laid *-3 off * do n't worry , and if you 're UNK , it 's a seller 's market . </s>
<s> *-1 To top it off , you UNK the UNK showing the average number of months in a job search as `` Time UNK . '' </s>
<s> Are you UNK ? </s>
<s> * Looking for a job was one of the most anxious periods of my life -- and is *?* for most people . </s>
<s> Your paper needs a serious reality check . </s>
<s> UNK UNK </s>
<s> Cambridge , Mass . </s>
<s> UNK UNK UNK UNK Inc. is a U.S. UNK unit of UNK des Machines UNK . </s>
<s> In Friday 's edition , the name of the unit was misstated *-1 . </s>
<s> Moody 's Investors Service said 0 it reduced its rating on $ UNK million *U* of subordinated debt of this Beverly Hills , Calif. , thrift , *-1 citing turmoil in the market for UNK , high-yield securities . </s>
<s> The agency said 0 it reduced its rating on the thrift 's subordinated debt to B-2 from UNK and will keep the debt under review for possible further downgrade . </s>
<s> Columbia Savings is a major holder of so-called junk bonds . </s>
<s> New federal legislation requires that all thrifts UNK themselves of such speculative securities over a period of years . </s>
<s> Columbia Savings officials were n't available for comment on the downgrade . </s>
<s> UNK UNK ASSOCIATION -LRB- UNK , UNK -RRB- -- </s>
<s> Moody 's Investors Service Inc. said 0 it downgraded its rating *ICH*-1 to B-2 from UNK on less than $ 20 million *U* of this thrift 's senior subordinated notes . </s>
<s> The rating concern said 0 Franklin 's `` troubled diversification record in the securities business '' was one reason for the downgrade , *-1 citing the troubles at its UNK Rothschild subsidiary and the possible sale of other subsidiaries . </s>
<s> `` They perhaps had concern that we were getting out of all these , '' said *T*-1 Franklin President UNK H. Hall . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 it was a little UNK on their part . </s>
<s> Just when it *EXP*-1 seemed safe * to go back into stocks *T*-2 , Wall Street suffered another severe attack of nerves . </s>
<s> Does this signal 0 another Black Monday is coming ? </s>
<s> Or is this an extraordinary buying opportunity , just like Oct. 19 , 1987 , eventually turned out *-1 to be *?* ? </s>
<s> Here 's *T*-4 what several leading market experts and money managers say *T*-2 about Friday 's action , what *T*-1 happens next and what investors should do *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Joseph UNK . </s>
<s> `` I 'm the only one who *T*-1 said 0 there would be an October massacre , all through late August and September , '' says *T*-2 Mr. UNK , once a widely followed market UNK and still a well-known newsletter writer . </s>
<s> `` Everyone will tell you that this time is different from 1987 , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` Well , in some ways it is different , but UNK it is just the same . </s>
<s> If you 're a UNK , you UNK the signals . </s>
<s> Right now they 're telling me *-1 to get the hell out and stay out . </s>
<s> I see no major support until UNK . </s>
<s> I see a possibility of * going to UNK this month . '' </s>
<s> Mr. UNK says 0 he would n't even think of buying until at least 600 to 700 stocks have hit 52-week lows ; about 100 stocks hit new lows Friday . </s>
<s> `` Most people , '' he says *T*-2 , `` have no idea what a massacre pattern looks like *T*-1 . '' </s>
<s> UNK UNK . </s>
<s> *-1 A UNK analyst with Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc. , Ms. UNK had warned clients to take their money out of the market before the 1987 crash . </s>
<s> Friday 's big drop , she says 0 *T*-1 , `` was not a crash . </s>
<s> This was an October massacre '' like those that *T*-1 occurred in 1978 and 1979 . </s>
<s> Now , as in those two years , her stock market indicators are positive . </s>
<s> So she thinks 0 the damage will be UNK and contained . </s>
<s> `` Those UNK lasted one to four weeks and took the market UNK % *U* down , '' she says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` This is exactly the same thing , as far as I 'm concerned *-1 . '' </s>
<s> Thus , she says 0 *T*-1 , if the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped below UNK , `` It would just be a UNK . </s>
<s> My advice is * to buy . '' </s>
<s> As she UNK it , the average stock now sells for about 12.5 times companies ' earnings . </s>
<s> She says 0 that ratio could climb to UNK , given current interest rates , and still be within the range of `` fair value . '' </s>
<s> UNK Davis . </s>
<s> Friday 's fall marks the start of a bear market , says 0 *T*-1 Mr. Davis , president of UNK Davis Research Inc . </s>
<s> But Mr. Davis , whose views *T*-1 are widely respected *-2 by money managers , says 0 he expects no UNK crash . </s>
<s> `` There was a unique combination in 1987 , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` UNK debt was at a record high . </s>
<s> There was tremendous public enthusiasm for stock mutual funds . </s>
<s> The main thing was portfolio insurance , '' a mechanical trading system intended * to protect an investor against losses . `` </s>
<s> A hundred billion dollars in stock was subject '' to it . </s>
<s> In 1987 , such selling contributed to a UNK effect . </s>
<s> Today could even be an up day , Mr. Davis says 0 *T*-1 , if major brokerage firms agree *-2 to UNK from program trading . </s>
<s> Over the next several months , though , he says 0 things look bad . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 the market will be heading down into November , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` We will probably have a year-end rally , and then go down again . </s>
<s> UNK of a UNK bear market . '' </s>
<s> He expects the downturn to carry the Dow Jones Industrial Average down to around 2000 sometime next year . </s>
<s> `` That would be a normal bear market , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` I guess 0 that 's my forecast . '' </s>
<s> UNK G. UNK . </s>
<s> `` I do n't think 0 the market is going through another October UNK . </s>
<s> I do n't think 0 that 's the case at all , '' says *T*-1 Mr. UNK , a partner at Goldman , Sachs & Co. and chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK sees this as a good time 0 * to pick up bargains *T*-1 , but he does n't think 0 there 's any need * to rush . </s>
<s> `` I expect the market to open *-1 weaker Monday , but then it should find some stability . '' </s>
<s> He UNK off several major differences between now and two years ago . </s>
<s> Unlike 1987 , interest rates have been falling this year . </s>
<s> Unlike 1987 , the dollar has been strong . </s>
<s> And unlike 1987 , the economy does n't appear *-1 to be in any danger of UNK . </s>
<s> But the economy 's slower growth this year also means 0 the outlook for corporate profits `` is n't good , '' he says 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` So it 's a very mixed bag . '' </s>
<s> Thus , he concludes 0 *T*-1 , `` This is not a good environment 0 * to be fully invested '' in stocks *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` If I had come into Friday on margin or with very little cash in the portfolios , I would not do any buying . </s>
<s> But we came into Friday with a conservative portfolio , so I would look *-1 to do some modest buying '' on behalf of clients . `` </s>
<s> We 're going *-2 to look for some of the UNK companies that *T*-1 got UNK *-3 '' Friday . </s>
<s> John Kenneth UNK . </s>
<s> `` This is the latest UNK of the capacity of the financial community for UNK UNK , '' says *T*-1 Mr. UNK , an economist . </s>
<s> `` I see this as a reaction to the whole junk bond explosion , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` The explosion of junk bonds and takeovers has UNK a lot of UNK securities in the hands of investors and loaded the corporations that *T*-1 are the UNK of takeovers or feared takeovers with huge amounts of debt rather than equity . </s>
<s> This has both made investors uneasy and the corporations more vulnerable . '' </s>
<s> Nevertheless , he says 0 a depression does n't appear likely . </s>
<s> `` There is more UNK in the economy at large than we commonly UNK 0 *?* , '' he says . </s>
<s> `` It takes more error *ICH*-1 now * to have a major depression than back in the UNK -- much as the financial community and the government may try *?* . '' </s>
<s> Mario UNK . </s>
<s> New York money manager Mario UNK , an expert at * UNK takeover candidates , says that takeovers are n't totally gone . </s>
<s> `` Companies are still going *-2 to buy companies around the world , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK are `` Ford looking at Jaguar , BellSouth looking at LIN Broadcasting . '' </s>
<s> These sorts of takeovers do n't require junk bonds or big bank loans *-1 to finance them , so Mr. UNK figures 0 they will continue . </s>
<s> `` The market was up 35 % since -LCB- President -RCB- Bush took office , '' Mr. UNK says 0 *T*-3 , so a correction was *-2 to be expected *-1 . </s>
<s> He thinks 0 another crash is `` unlikely , '' and says 0 he was `` UNK at '' selected stocks during Friday 's plunge . </s>
<s> `` Stocks that *T*-1 were thrown *-3 out just on an emotional basis are a great opportunity *ICH*-4 -LCB- this -RCB- week for guys like me , '' he says *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Jim UNK . </s>
<s> `` It seems to me that this is the UNK that *T*-1 has finally UNK the balloon , '' says *T*-2 Mr. UNK , a professor of finance at Columbia University and former UNK of one of the most successful hedge funds in history , Quantum Fund . </s>
<s> He sees `` economic problems , financial problems '' ahead for the U.S. , with a fairly strong possibility of a recession . </s>
<s> `` Friday you could n't sell dollars , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Dealers `` would give you a quote , but then refuse *-1 to make the trade . '' </s>
<s> If the dollar stays weak , he says 0 *T*-1 , that will add to UNK pressures in the U.S. and make it *EXP*-2 hard for the Federal Reserve Board to ease interest rates very much . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK wo n't decide what * to do *T*-1 today until he sees how the London and Tokyo markets go *T*-2 . </s>
<s> He recommends that investors sell UNK stocks , but UNK on to some other stocks -- especially utilities , which *T*-1 often do well during periods of economic weakness . </s>
<s> Frank UNK . </s>
<s> Many people now claim *-1 to have predicted the 1987 crash . </s>
<s> UNK newsletter writer Francis UNK UNK actually did it : He stated in writing in September 1987 that the Dow Jones Industrial Average was likely *-1 to decline about 500 points the following month . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK says 0 what *T*-1 happens now will depend a good deal on the Federal Reserve Board . </s>
<s> If it promptly cuts the discount rate 0 it charges *T*-1 on loans to banks , he says 0 *T*-2 , `` That could quiet things down . '' </s>
<s> If not , `` We could go to UNK very soon . '' </s>
<s> Frank W. UNK . </s>
<s> Stock prices `` would still have *-1 to go down some additional amount before we become positive on stocks , '' says 0 *T*-2 Mr. UNK , president and managing director of Renaissance Investment Management Inc. in Cincinnati . </s>
<s> Renaissance , which *T*-2 manages about $ 1.8 billion *U* , drew stiff criticism from many clients earlier this year because it pulled entirely out of stocks at the beginning of the year and thus missed a strong rally . </s>
<s> Renaissance is keeping its money entirely in cash UNK , primarily U.S. Treasury bills . </s>
<s> `` UNK probably are the right place 0 * to be *T*-1 , '' he says *T*-2 . </s>
<s> * UNK the Oct. 3 letter to the editor from Rep. Tom UNK , chairman of the House Subcommittee on UNK and Housing , alleging : </s>
<s> 1 . That your Sept. 28 editorial `` UNK UNK '' was UNK UNK and deliberately misleading . </s>
<s> I thought 0 your editorial was UNK accurate and deliberately UNK . </s>
<s> 2 . That Mr. UNK supported the rights *ICH*-1 of the witnesses * to take the Fifth Amendment . </s>
<s> Yes , he did . </s>
<s> As I watched him on UNK , I heard 0 him speak those UNK words about the Bill of Rights , which he quotes *T*-1 from the UNK of the hearings . </s>
<s> He did repeat those nice UNK several times as an indication of his support for the Constitution . </s>
<s> He used about 56 words *-1 defending the witnesses ' constitutional rights . </s>
<s> Unfortunately , by my rough guess , he used better than 5,000 words *-1 UNK UNK on the witnesses for *-2 UNK the Fifth . </s>
<s> He UNK his UNK of constitutional meat between large UNK of UNK commentary . </s>
<s> As your editorial UNK pointed out , Samuel UNK , former HUD secretary , and UNK Wilson , Mr. UNK 's former aide , `` are currently being held *-1 up to UNK for *-1 taking the Fifth Amendment . </s>
<s> '' That certainly is not the supposed `` distorted reading '' indicated * by Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> 3 . That his `` committee does not deal with any possible criminal activity at HUD . </s>
<s> My colleagues and I fully realize 0 we are not a court ... UNK . '' </s>
<s> UNK UNK . </s>
<s> By any `` reasonable man '' UNK , Mr. UNK and his colleagues have a whole bunch of people tried and convicted . </s>
<s> Apparently , their verdict is in . </s>
<s> Right now they 're pursuing evidence . </s>
<s> That 's not a bad way 0 * to proceed *T*-1 , just somewhat different from standard American practice . </s>
<s> How was that practice referred to *-1 *T*-3 when I was in school *T*-2 ? </s>
<s> UNK , yes , something called * a Star Chamber . </s>
<s> Of course , Mr. UNK UNK protest that his subcommittee simply seeks information for legislative change . </s>
<s> No doubt 0 that 's partially true . </s>
<s> Everything that Mr. UNK says *T*-1 in his letter is partially true . </s>
<s> He 's right about his subcommittee 's responsibilities when it comes to * obtaining information from prior HUD officials *T*-1 . </s>
<s> But if his explanation of UNK is true , why is his investigation so UNK *-2 as *-2 to identify criminal activity *T*-1 ? </s>
<s> Why not simply questions designed * to identify sources and causes of waste and UNK ? </s>
<s> Such as , what *T*-1 happened when Congress wanted *-4 to know about $ 400 *U* UNK seats or whatever they supposedly cost *T*-2 *T*-3 ? </s>
<s> No , Mr. UNK 's complaints simply wo n't UNK . </s>
<s> 4 . That the Journal UNK `` the UNK , fraud , waste , UNK , UNK and abuse of the public that *T*-1 took place while Mr. UNK was secretary of HUD , '' UNK and so forth . </s>
<s> No , to my mind , the Journal did not `` defend UNK , fraud , waste , UNK , UNK and abuse of the public trust ... '' </s>
<s> it defended appropriate constitutional UNK and practical common sense . </s>
<s> The problem , which the Journal so UNK pointed *T*-1 out in a number of articles , is not the likes of Mr. UNK , who *T*-2 after all is really a bit player on the stage , but the attempt *ICH*-3 by Congress * to enhance itself into a UNK body . </s>
<s> -LRB- Of course , we 've also got a UNK that *T*-1 seeks the same objective . -RRB- </s>
<s> The system is the problem , not an individual member . </s>
<s> Individuals can always have their hands UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> It 's when such UNK does n't occur *T*-1 that we 've got trouble *T*-2 . </s>
<s> I do not by any means defend HUD management . </s>
<s> But I think 0 the kind of congressional investigation that *T*-2 has been pursued *-1 is a far greater danger to American UNK of UNK and freedom than any UNK -LRB- and , yes , maybe UNK -RRB- within HUD could possibly generate *?* . </s>
<s> The last time 0 I saw a similar congressional hearing *T*-1 was when `` UNK UNK Joe '' UNK did his work *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Raymond UNK </s>
<s> UNK , N.J . </s>
<s> I disagree with the statement *ICH*-2 by Mr. UNK that one should not draw an adverse UNK against former HUD officials who *T*-1 UNK their Fifth Amendment privilege against UNK in congressional hearings . </s>
<s> The Fifth Amendment states in relevant part that no person `` shall be UNK , in any criminal case , *-1 to be a witness against himself . '' </s>
<s> This privilege against UNK UNK the drawing of an adverse UNK against a criminal defendant who *T*-3 chooses not *-1 to testify . </s>
<s> Thus , in a criminal case , a prosecutor can not comment on a defendant 's failure * to testify nor can the defendant be UNK *-1 to take the stand as a witness , thus * forcing him to `` take the Fifth . '' </s>
<s> The privilege , however , has been limited in UNK with its plain language *-1 to protect the defendant in criminal matters only . </s>
<s> The Supreme Court and some states have specifically recognized that `` the Fifth Amendment does not UNK the UNK where the privilege is claimed *-1 by a party to a civil cause *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> UNK v. UNK , UNK U.S. UNK -LRB- 1976 -RRB- . </s>
<s> Thus , in a civil case , a defendant may be called *-1 as a witness , he may be forced *-2 to testify or take the Fifth , and his taking of the Fifth may permit the drawing of an adverse UNK against him in the civil matter . </s>
<s> He may take the Fifth in a civil matter only if he has a good faith *EXP*-1 and UNK belief *EXP*-1 that his testimony may subject him to criminal prosecution . </s>
<s> * UNK the defendant to take the Fifth in a civil matter is not based *-2 on a constitutional right * to refuse *-3 to testify where one 's testimony UNK him in the civil matter *T*-4 , but because the testimony in the civil matter could be UNK used *-1 against him in a subsequent criminal prosecution . </s>
<s> UNK the risk of such prosecution , a court may order the defendant *-1 to testify . </s>
<s> Thus , when Mr. UNK asserted the Fifth in a UNK proceeding , particularly after *-2 UNK receiving extensive advice from legal counsel *T*-3 , one must conclude that he held a UNK , UNK belief that his testimony could be used *-1 against him in a subsequent criminal prosecution . </s>
<s> The subcommittee , Congress and the American public have every right * to draw the adverse UNK and to UNK with Mr. UNK 's own belief that his testimony could help *-1 UNK him of a crime . </s>
<s> * UNK the adverse UNK in a UNK congressional hearing does not UNK the Fifth Amendment shield against UNK . </s>
<s> Clark S. UNK Jr . </s>
<s> UNK Park , UNK . </s>
<s> It was Friday the 13th , and the stock market plummeted nearly 200 points . </s>
<s> Just a UNK ? </s>
<s> Or is UNK -- fear of the number 13 -- justified ? </s>
<s> In UNK , a so-called Friday the 13th effect has been set *-1 up and shot *-1 down by different UNK . </s>
<s> Robert UNK and UNK UNK , UNK of finance at the University of Miami , found evidence that the market is UNK *-1 by Friday the 13th . </s>
<s> But their study , which UNK UNK the UNK period , has since been shown *-1 to be UNK UNK by an UNK choice of data . </s>
<s> In the UNK , the market took falls nine times in a row on Friday the UNK . </s>
<s> But the date tends *-1 to be a plus , not a minus , for stocks , according to Yale UNK , a UNK of stock market UNK . </s>
<s> Another study found that the 82 UNK the 13th in the UNK period had higher than average returns -- higher even than UNK in general , which *T*-1 tend *-2 to be strong days for stock prices . </s>
<s> On the only other Friday the 13th this year , the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose about four points . </s>
<s> UNK UNK says 0 the original study , titled * Friday the 13th , Part UNK , was published *-1 UNK . </s>
<s> In a similar UNK , he adds that the anniversary of the 1987 crash and Saturday 's full UNK could have played a part , too , in Friday 's market activity . </s>
<s> UNK of those during the 1987 crash -- that as stock prices plummeted and trading activity UNK , some phone calls to market makers in over-the-counter stocks went UNK . </s>
<s> `` We could n't get dealers to answer their phones , '' said *T*-1 Robert King , senior vice president of OTC trading at UNK Co. in Atlanta . </s>
<s> `` It was -LCB- like -RCB- the Friday before Black Monday '' two years ago . </s>
<s> Whether UNK phone calls had any effect or not , Nasdaq stocks sank far less than those on the New York and American exchanges . </s>
<s> Nonetheless , the Nasdaq Composite Index suffered its biggest point decline of the year and its sixth worst ever , *-1 UNK UNK , or 3 % , to UNK . </s>
<s> Ten points of the drop occurred during the last 45 minutes of trading . </s>
<s> By comparison , the New York Stock Exchange Composite tumbled 5.8 % Friday and the American Stock Exchange Composite fell 4 % . </s>
<s> On Oct. 16 , 1987 , the Nasdaq Composite fell UNK points , or 3.8 % , *-2 followed *-1 by its devastating UNK , or 11 % slide , three days later . </s>
<s> Nasdaq volume Friday totaled UNK million shares , which *T*-1 was only the fifth busiest day so far this year . </s>
<s> The UNK record of UNK million shares was set *-1 on Oct. 21 , </s>
<s> `` There was n't a lot of volume because it *EXP*-3 was just impossible * to get stock moved *-4 , '' said *T*-2 UNK `` UNK '' UNK , president of UNK , UNK , UNK , a New York company that *T*-1 makes markets in thousands of OTC issues . </s>
<s> Most of the complaints about UNK phone calls came from regional brokers rather than individual investors . </s>
<s> Mr. King of UNK and others were quick *-1 to add that they believe 0 the problem stemmed more from traders ' inability * to handle the volume of calls , rather than a UNK attempt * to avoid *-2 making trades . </s>
<s> The subject is a UNK one for Nasdaq and its UNK companies , which *T*-3 were widely criticized *-1 two years ago following complaints from investors who *T*-2 could n't reach their brokers or trade in the chaos of the crash . </s>
<s> Peter DaPuzzo , head of retail equity trading at Shearson Lehman Hutton , declared : 0 `` It was the last hour of trading on a Friday . </s>
<s> There were too many phones UNK and too many things happening * to expect market makers to be as efficient as UNK . </s>
<s> It was n't UNK , we were all busy . '' </s>
<s> James UNK , head of OTC trading at Hambrecht & Quist in San Francisco , said , 0 `` It was just like two years ago . </s>
<s> Everybody was trying *-1 to do the same thing at the same time . '' </s>
<s> UNK UNK , the OTC trading chief at Dean Witter Reynolds in New York , said UNK that his company executed every order 0 it received *T*-1 by the close of trading . </s>
<s> But , he added 0 *T*-1 , `` you can only take one call at a time . '' </s>
<s> Market makers keep supplies of stock on hand *-2 to maintain orderly trading when imbalances occur *T*-1 . </s>
<s> On days like Friday , that means 0 they must buy shares from sellers when no one else is willing *-2 to *?* *T*-1 . </s>
<s> When selling is so UNK *T*-1 , prices fall UNK and fast . </s>
<s> Two years ago , *-2 faced *-1 with the possibility of heavy losses on the stocks in their inventories , market makers themselves began *-2 UNK shares , *-2 UNK the slide in OTC stock prices . </s>
<s> On Friday , some market makers were selling again , traders said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> But , with profits sagging on Wall Street since the crash , companies have kept smaller share UNK on hand . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK of Hambrecht & Quist said 0 some prices fell without trades taking place , as market makers kept *-1 dropping the prices at which they would buy shares *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` Everyone was hitting everyone else 's bid , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> So , while OTC companies incurred losses on Friday , trading officials said 0 the damage was n't as bad as it was *?* in 1987 . </s>
<s> `` Two years ago we were carrying huge inventories and that was the big UNK . </s>
<s> I do n't know of anyone carrying big inventories now , '' said *T*-1 Mr. King of UNK . </s>
<s> Tony UNK , head of equity trading at UNK , UNK & UNK in Minneapolis , said that UNK UNK actually made money on Friday . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-1 helped that his inventory is a third smaller *ICH*-2 now than it was *?* two years ago , he said 0 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> Joseph UNK , president of the National Association of Securities Dealers , which *T*-1 oversees the Nasdaq computerized trading system , said that despite the rush of selling , he never considered the situation an `` emergency . '' </s>
<s> `` The pace of trading was orderly , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Nasdaq 's Small Order UNK System `` worked UNK , '' as did the automated system for larger trades *?* , according to Mr. UNK . </s>
<s> Nevertheless , the shock of another steep plunge in stock prices UNK will shake many investors ' confidence . </s>
<s> In the past , the OTC market UNK on a firm base of UNK participation . </s>
<s> Because Nasdaq 's trading volume has n't returned to UNK levels , traders and OTC market officials hope 0 the damage wo n't be permanent . </s>
<s> But they are worried . </s>
<s> `` We were just starting *-2 to get the public 's confidence back , '' UNK *T*-1 Mr. UNK of Dean Witter . </s>
<s> More troubling is *T*-1 the prospect that the overall collapse in stock prices could UNK erode the base of UNK support 0 the OTC market was struggling *-2 to rebuild *T*-3 in the wake of the October 1987 crash . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK of UNK UNK says 0 some action from government policy makers would UNK investor fears . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-2 wo n't take much more * to `` UNK the hell out of retail investors , '' he says 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> The sellers *ICH*-1 on Friday came from all UNK of the OTC market -- big and small institutional investors , as well as individual investors and market makers . </s>
<s> But UNK traders said 0 the sell orders generally ranged from 20,000 shares to 50,000 shares , compared with blocks of 500,000 shares or more two years ago . </s>
<s> Shearson 's Mr. DaPuzzo said 0 retail investors nervously sold stock Friday and never returned *-1 to UNK . </s>
<s> Institutional investors , which *T*-1 had been selling stock throughout last week *-2 to lock in UNK gains made * through the third quarter , were UNK . </s>
<s> `` We had a good amount of selling from institutions , but not as much panic , '' Mr. DaPuzzo said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` If they could n't sell , some of them put the shares back on the shelf . '' </s>
<s> In addition , he said 0 *T*-2 , some bigger institutional investors placed bids * to buy some OTC stocks whose prices *T*-1 were UNK down *-3 . </s>
<s> In addition , Mr. DaPuzzo said 0 computer-guided program selling of OTC stocks in the Russell Index of 2000 small stocks and the Standard & Poor 's 500-stock Index sent UNK `` waves `` through the market . </s>
<s> Nasdaq 's biggest stocks were UNK *-1 . </s>
<s> The Nasdaq 100 Index of the largest UNK issues , including the big OTC technology issues , tumbled 4.2 % , or UNK , to UNK . </s>
<s> The Nasdaq Financial Index of giant insurance and banking stocks dropped 2 % , or UNK , to UNK . </s>
<s> The OTC market has only a handful of UNK stocks . </s>
<s> But they fell sharply . </s>
<s> McCaw Cellular Communications , for instance , has offered *-1 to buy LIN Broadcasting as well as Metromedia 's New York City cellular telephone interests , and in a separate transaction , sell certain McCaw properties to Contel Cellular . </s>
<s> McCaw lost 8 % , or 3 1\/2 , to 40 . </s>
<s> LIN Broadcasting , dropped 5 1\/2 , or 5 % , to 107 1\/2 . </s>
<s> The turnover in both issues was roughly normal . </s>
<s> On a day when negative UNK news did n't sit well with investors *T*-1 , Commercial UNK , a maker of engineered metal parts , said 0 Haas & Partners advised it that it does n't plan *-2 to pursue its previously reported $ UNK *U* bid * to buy the company . </s>
<s> Commercial UNK plummeted 6 to 26 . </s>
<s> The issues of companies with ties to the junk bond market also tumbled Friday . </s>
<s> On the OTC market , First Executive , a big buyer of the high-risk , high-yield issues , slid 2 to 12 1\/4 . </s>
<s> Among other OTC issues , Intel , dropped 2 1\/8 to 33 7\/8 ; UNK Transportation lost 1 1\/8 to 19 1\/2 ; the American depositary receipts of Jaguar were off 1\/4 to 10 1\/4 ; MCI Communications slipped 2 1\/4 to 43 1\/2 ; Apple Computer fell 3 to 45 3\/4 and UNK dropped 2 1\/4 to 66 3\/4 . </s>
<s> Friday , October 13 , 1989 </s>
<s> The key U.S. and foreign annual interest rates below are a guide to general levels but do n't always represent actual transactions . </s>
<s> PRIME RATE : </s>
<s> 10 1\/2 % . </s>
<s> The base rate on corporate loans at large U.S. money center commercial banks . </s>
<s> FEDERAL FUNDS : </s>
<s> 8 13\/16 % high , 8 1\/2 % low , 8 5\/8 % near closing bid , 8 3\/4 % offered * . </s>
<s> Reserves traded among commercial banks for overnight use in amounts of $ 1 million *U* or more . </s>
<s> Source : Fulton Prebon -LRB- U.S.A . -RRB- Inc . </s>
<s> DISCOUNT RATE : </s>
<s> 7 % . </s>
<s> The charge on loans to depository institutions by the New York Federal Reserve Bank . </s>
<s> CALL MONEY : </s>
<s> 9 3\/4 % to 10 % *U* . </s>
<s> The charge on loans to brokers on stock exchange collateral . </s>
<s> COMMERCIAL PAPER placed * directly by General Motors Acceptance Corp. : </s>
<s> 8.60 % 30 to 44 days ; 8.55 % 45 to 59 days ; 8.375 % 60 to 79 days ; 8.50 % 80 to 89 days ; 8.25 % 90 to 119 days ; UNK % 120 to 149 days ; 8 % 150 to 179 days ; UNK % 180 to 270 days . </s>
<s> COMMERCIAL PAPER : </s>
<s> High-grade unsecured notes sold * through dealers by major corporations in multiples of $ 1,000 *U* : </s>
<s> UNK % 30 days ; 8.55 % 60 days ; 8.55 % 90 days . </s>
<s> CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT : </s>
<s> UNK % one month ; UNK % two months ; UNK % three months ; UNK % six months ; UNK % one year . </s>
<s> Average of top rates paid * by major New York banks on primary new issues of negotiable C.D.s , usually on amounts of $ 1 million *U* and more . </s>
<s> The minimum unit is $ 100,000 *U* . </s>
<s> Typical rates in the secondary market : </s>
<s> UNK % one month ; UNK % three months ; 8.55 % six months . </s>
<s> BANKERS ACCEPTANCES : </s>
<s> UNK % 30 days ; UNK % 60 days ; UNK % 90 days ; 7.98 % 120 days ; 7.92 % 150 days ; UNK % 180 days . </s>
<s> Negotiable , bank-backed business credit instruments typically financing an import order . </s>
<s> LONDON LATE EURODOLLARS : </s>
<s> 8 13\/16 % to 8 11\/16 % *U* one month ; 8 13\/16 % to 8 11\/16 % *U* two months ; 8 13\/16 % to 8 11\/16 % *U* three months ; 8 3\/4 % to 8 5\/8 % *U* four months ; 8 11\/16 % to 8 9\/16 % *U* five months ; 8 5\/8 % to 8 1\/2 % *U* six months . </s>
<s> LONDON INTERBANK OFFERED RATES -LRB- LIBOR -RRB- : </s>
<s> 8 3\/4 % one month ; 8 3\/4 % three months ; 8 9\/16 % six months ; 8 9\/16 % one year . </s>
<s> The average of interbank offered rates for dollar deposits in the London market based on quotations at five major banks . </s>
<s> FOREIGN PRIME RATES : </s>
<s> Canada 13.50 % ; Germany 8.50 % ; Japan 4.875 % ; Switzerland 8.50 % ; Britain 15 % . </s>
<s> These rate indications are n't directly comparable ; lending practices vary widely by location . </s>
<s> TREASURY BILLS : </s>
<s> Results of the Tuesday , October 10 , 1989 , auction of short-term U.S. government bills , sold * at a discount from face value in units of $ 10,000 to $ 1 million *U* : </s>
<s> UNK % 13 weeks ; UNK % 26 weeks . </s>
<s> FEDERAL HOME LOAN MORTGAGE CORP . -LRB- Freddie Mac -RRB- : </s>
<s> Posted yields on 30-year mortgage commitments for delivery within 30 days . </s>
<s> UNK % , standard conventional UNK mortgages ; 7.875 % , 2 % rate capped one-year adjustable rate mortgages . </s>
<s> Source : Telerate Systems Inc . </s>
<s> FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION -LRB- Fannie Mae -RRB- : </s>
<s> Posted yields on 30 year mortgage commitments for delivery within 30 days -LRB- priced * at par -RRB- </s>
<s> UNK % , standard conventional fixed-rate mortgages ; UNK % , 6\/2 rate capped one-year adjustable rate mortgages . </s>
<s> Source : Telerate Systems Inc . </s>
<s> MERRILL LYNCH READY ASSETS TRUST : </s>
<s> 8.33 % . </s>
<s> Annualized average rate of return after expenses for the past 30 days ; not a forecast of future returns . </s>
<s> Pension funds , insurers and other UNK of the investing world said 0 they began *-1 UNK up stocks during Friday 's market rout . </s>
<s> And they plan *-1 to buy more today . </s>
<s> UNK or UNK , many giant institutional investors appear *-2 to be fighting the latest war by *-3 applying the lesson 0 they learned *T*-1 in the October 1987 crash : * Buying at the bottom pays off . </s>
<s> * To be sure , big investors might put away their UNK in a hurry if stocks open sharply lower today . </s>
<s> They could still panic and bail out of the market . </s>
<s> But their 1987 performance indicates that they wo n't abandon stocks unless conditions get far worse . </s>
<s> `` Last time , we got UNK *-3 for *-4 going out and buying stocks when the panic was the worst *T*-5 , '' said *T*-2 John W. UNK , president of Chicago-based UNK Capital Management Inc. , which *T*-1 manages $ 1.1 billion *U* of stocks . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK spent half his cash on hand Friday for `` our favorite stocks that *T*-1 have fallen apart . '' </s>
<s> He expects *-2 to invest the rest if the market UNK further . </s>
<s> UNK portfolio manager James Craig was n't UNK *-2 when Friday 's rout UNK $ 40 million *U* from the value of the $ UNK million *U* UNK Fund 0 he oversees *T*-1 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> `` I waited *-2 to make sure 0 all the program trades had kicked through , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Then he jumped into the market : </s>
<s> `` I spent $ 30 million *U* in the last half-hour . '' </s>
<s> Other money managers also opened their UNK . </s>
<s> `` I was buying at the close -LRB- Friday -RRB- and I 'll be buying again because I know 0 we 're getting good value , '' said *T*-1 Frederick A. UNK , president of UNK Asset Management Inc. , Greenwich , Conn . </s>
<s> `` There is no UNK *ICH*-1 on the fundamental level for this crash . '' </s>
<s> Unlike mutual funds , which *T*-1 can be forced *-2 to sell UNK when investors rush *-4 to withdraw money *T*-3 , big investors such as pension funds and insurance companies can decide *-5 to ride out market UNK without *-6 UNK stock . </s>
<s> Most often , they do just that , because stocks have proved *-1 to be the UNK long-term investment , *-2 attracting about $ 1 trillion *U* from pension funds alone . </s>
<s> `` If you bought after the crash , you did very very well off the bottom , '' said *T*-1 Stephen B. UNK , chief investment officer of Chicago-based Kemper Financial Services Inc . </s>
<s> The $ 56 billion *U* California Public Employees Retirement System , for one , added $ 1 billion *U* to its stock portfolio two years ago . </s>
<s> `` The last crash taught institutional investors that they have *-2 to be long-term holders , and that they ca n't react to short-term events , good or bad , '' said *T*-1 Stephen L. UNK , senior vice president for the pension consultants UNK Associates in Santa UNK , Calif . </s>
<s> `` Those that *T*-1 pulled out -LRB- of stocks -RRB- UNK it , '' he said *T*-2 , `` so I doubt 0 you 'll see any significant changes '' in institutional portfolios as a result of Friday 's decline . </s>
<s> Stocks , as *-1 measured *-2 by the Standard & Poor 's 500-stock index , have been UNK performers this year , *-1 rising UNK % before Friday 's plunge , excluding dividends . </s>
<s> Even Friday 's slump leaves investors ahead more than 20 % , well above the annual average for stocks over several decades . </s>
<s> `` You could go down 400 points and still have a good year in the market , '' said *T*-1 James D. UNK , president of New York-based UNK Capital Corp . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK , however , worries that the market `` could go down 800 or 900 points in the next few days . </s>
<s> It can happen before you can turn around . '' </s>
<s> He said 0 he UNK many parallels with 1987 , including the emphasis on takeover stocks and the UNK of computerized program trading . </s>
<s> `` The only thing 0 you do n't have *T*-1 , '' he said *T*-2 , `` is the ` portfolio insurance ' phenomenon UNK * on the rest . '' </s>
<s> Most institutional investors have abandoned the portfolio insurance hedging technique , which *T*-1 is widely thought *-2 to have UNK the 1987 crash . </s>
<s> *-1 Not really insurance , this UNK was designed *-1 to UNK the blow of declining stock prices and generate an offsetting profit by *-2 selling waves of S&P futures contracts . </s>
<s> In its UNK test , the $ 60 billion *U* of portfolio insurance in effect in the 1987 crash did n't work , as stock buyers UNK and stock and futures prices became UNK . </s>
<s> Even without portfolio insurance , market conditions were grim Friday , money managers said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Neil UNK , whose New York-based UNK Capital Partners *T*-4 had converted 85 % of its $ UNK million *U* investment pool to cash in recent months , said 0 he was UNK *-3 by Wall Street firms *ICH*-1 Friday asking him *-2 to take stock off their hands . </s>
<s> `` We got calls from big block houses asking us if we want *-2 to make bids on anything , '' said *T*-1 Mr. UNK , who , *-4 happy with his returns on investments UNK * up earlier , *T*-3 declined the offers . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK predicts 0 stocks will appear *-1 to stabilize in the next few days before *-1 declining again , *-2 UNK more investors . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 it will be a UNK UNK rally , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , Friday brought a UNK for money managers whose investment styles *T*-1 had put them at odds with the market rally . </s>
<s> UNK UNK were *T*-3 the short sellers , who *T*-2 have been UNK *-1 by this year 's market climb . </s>
<s> The UNK sell borrowed shares , *-1 hoping *-2 to profit by *-3 replacing them later at a lower price . </s>
<s> The nation 's largest UNK operation is UNK Brothers , Palo Alto , Calif. , which *T*-1 said last May that its short positions had shown losses of 10 % for the year up to that point . </s>
<s> All that now has changed . </s>
<s> `` We 're ahead for the year because of Friday , '' said *T*-1 the firm 's Kurt UNK . </s>
<s> `` We 're not making a killing , but we had a good day . </s>
<s> Food and Drug Administration spokesman Jeff UNK said 0 the agency has turned over evidence in a criminal investigation concerning UNK Pharmaceuticals Inc. to the U.S. Attorney 's office in Baltimore . </s>
<s> Neither UNK nor any of the UNK Gardens , N.Y. , company 's officials or employees have been charged *-1 with any crimes . </s>
<s> UNK won approval * to market a version of a blood pressure medicine but acknowledged that it UNK a UNK UNK PLC product as its own in tests . </s>
<s> Mr. UNK also said 0 the FDA has asked UNK Pharmaceutical Co. *-1 to recall at the retail level its UNK UNK UNK . </s>
<s> But so far the company has n't UNK with that request , the spokesman said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK , the subject of a criminal investigation by the FDA and the UNK General 's office of the Health and Human Services Department , only agreed *-1 to recall two UNK of its version of UNK `` as far down as direct customers , mostly UNK , '' Mr. UNK said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> UNK , of UNK , N.Y. , earlier began a voluntary recall of both its 100 UNK and 50 UNK versions of the drug . </s>
<s> The FDA has said 0 it presented evidence 0 it uncovered *T*-1 *ICH*-2 to the company indicating that UNK UNK the UNK product for its own *-3 to gain government approval * to sell generic versions of UNK . </s>
<s> UNK has denied that it switched the UNK product for its own in such testing . </s>
<s> The West German retailer UNK Deutsche UNK AG plans *-2 to challenge the UNK of a widely employed anti-takeover defense of companies in the Netherlands . </s>
<s> The eventual court decision could become a UNK in Dutch corporate law because the lawsuit 0 UNK plans *-1 to file *T*-2 would be the first 0 *T*-3 to challenge the entire principle and practice of companies issuing voting preferred shares to UNK UNK *-4 to UNK voting power of common stockholders . </s>
<s> Up to now only specific aspects of these defenses have been challenged *-1 , though unsuccessfully , UNK 's Dutch lawyers noted 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Should the courts UNK the UNK of this type of defense , UNK will then ask the court *-1 to UNK such a UNK maneuver recently UNK * by UNK UNK UNK . </s>
<s> UNK says 0 the UNK international food retailer had n't reasonable grounds 0 * to issue preferred stock to a friendly trust *T*-1 and thus UNK the worth and voting power of UNK and other shareholders . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK through its Dutch lawyers , UNK also disclosed 0 it holds a 15 % stake in UNK . </s>
<s> It *EXP*-4 was previously thought *-2 0 UNK held a UNK % stake that *T*-3 was accumulated *-1 since July . </s>
<s> A spokesman for UNK said 0 his company is confident of its own position and the UNK of the UNK issue . </s>
<s> He termed UNK 's legal actions as `` UNK '' to international cooperation among European retailers . </s>
<s> Chase Manhattan Bank Chairman UNK UNK is a conservative banker and a loyal Republican , but on Friday morning he had few kind words for President Bush 's economic UNK . </s>
<s> `` There are some very significant issues out there , such as the fiscal deficit , the trade deficit , our relations with Japan , that *T*-3 have *-2 to be the subject of major initiatives , '' he said *T*-1 in an interview . </s>
<s> `` I 'd like *-1 to see that initiative , and I have n't *?* . </s>
<s> There is n't a big shot , an agenda . '' </s>
<s> A few hours later , the stock market dropped 190 points . </s>
<s> UNK tried *-1 to finger each other for the blame , although many analysts doubt that Washington was UNK responsible for Wall Street 's woes . </s>
<s> But Mr. UNK 's comments make one thing *ICH*-1 clear : Some on Wall Street wonder if anyone is in charge of economic policy . </s>
<s> * Consider this : </s>
<s> -- By UNK p.m. tonight , President Bush must order $ 16 billion *U* of automatic , across-the-board cuts in government spending *-1 to comply with the Gramm-Rudman budget law . </s>
<s> The cuts are necessary because Congress and the administration have failed *-1 to reach agreement on a UNK bill . </s>
<s> `` We simply do n't have strong leadership 0 *T*-2 to try *-3 to reduce the deficit and make tough choices , '' House Budget Committee Chairman UNK UNK -LRB- D. , Calif . -RRB- said *T*-1 yesterday on NBC News 's `` * UNK the Press . '' </s>
<s> -- For the last two weeks , the Bush administration and the Federal Reserve have been engaged *-1 in a UNK battle over international economic policy . </s>
<s> The administration has been trying *-1 to push the dollar lower ; the Fed has been UNK . </s>
<s> `` One of the things that *T*-1 continues *-3 to worry me is this monetary UNK between the Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve Board , '' said *T*-2 Lawrence UNK , a Bear , Stearns & Co. economist , on ABC 's `` This Week . '' </s>
<s> -- The administration has sent out confusing signals about its response to a recent UNK of airline takeovers . </s>
<s> Last month , Transportation Secretary Sam Skinner forced Northwest Airlines to reduce a stake held * by UNK Royal Dutch Airlines . </s>
<s> But he has since run into opposition from the Treasury and the White House over that decision . </s>
<s> And he has kept UNK on how his decision might affect a bid for United Airlines , which *T*-1 includes a big stake by British Airways PLC *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Some analysts say 0 uncertainty about Washington 's anti-takeover policy was one reason that financing for the United Airlines takeover fell through *T*-2 -- the event that *T*-1 triggered the market drop . </s>
<s> In many ways , the UNK to Friday 's stock decline is UNK similar to that of October 1987 's UNK crash . </s>
<s> Then , as now , the budget debate was behind schedule and automatic spending cuts were within days of *-1 taking hold . </s>
<s> The Treasury was locked *-1 in a battle over international economic policy , although at that time it was with West German officials rather than the Federal Reserve . </s>
<s> And concern about official actions aimed * at takeovers -- then by the UNK House Ways and Means Committee rather than the Transportation Department -- were making markets nervous . </s>
<s> The 1987 crash brought the Reagan administration and Democratic lawmakers to the table for the first budget summit , * resulting in a two-year plan * to reduce the deficit by more than $ 76 billion *U* -- even though the deficit actually rose by nearly $ 12 billion *U* during that period . </s>
<s> But , barring further drops in the market this week , a similar outcome does n't seem likely this year . </s>
<s> Lawmakers and administration officials agree that Friday 's drop , by itself , is n't enough * to force both sides back to the table *-2 to try *-3 to reach a deficit-reduction agreement that *T*-1 would be more serious and more far-reaching than last spring 's UNK plan , which *T*-4 still is n't fully implemented *-5 . </s>
<s> One of the biggest reasons that new talks are n't likely *-1 to come about *T*-2 is that , as everyone learned in 1987 , the economy and the market can survive a one-day UNK tumble . </s>
<s> `` Everybody thought 0 we were looking at a UNK of 1929 , that we were looking at a recession , '' Rep. UNK said *T*-1 yesterday in an interview . </s>
<s> `` That did not happen . </s>
<s> They learned 0 they could survive it without much problem . '' </s>
<s> But administration officials privately agree with Mr. UNK , who *T*-1 said 0 a UNK drop this week `` is going *-2 to force the president and Congress to take a much harder look at fiscal policy . '' </s>
<s> In that case , there will be plenty of blame 0 *T*-1 to go around . </s>
<s> `` There is an underlying concern *ICH*-5 on the part of the American people -- and there should be *?* - that the administration has not gone far enough in *-1 cutting this deficit and that Congress has been unwilling *-2 to cut what the administration asked us *-4 to cut *T*-3 , '' said *T*-6 Senate Finance Committee Chairman Lloyd UNK -LRB- D. , Texas -RRB- . </s>
<s> Nevertheless , it clearly will take more than Friday 's 190-point decline * to overcome the bitter feelings that *T*-1 have developed between lawmakers and White House Budget Director Richard Darman over the capital-gains fight . </s>
<s> Hill Democrats are particularly angry over Mr. Bush 's claim that the capital-gains cut was part of April 's budget accord and his insistence on * combining it with the deficit-reduction legislation . </s>
<s> `` There is no prospect of any so-called grand compromise or deal next year because the administration simply did n't live up to this year 's deal , '' Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell -LRB- D. , Maine -RRB- said *T*-1 yesterday on CBS News 's `` * UNK the UNK . '' </s>
<s> During last week 's UNK on the UNK bill and the capital-gains issue , there were signs that Senate Republicans and the administration were at odds . </s>
<s> At the very moment that Senate Republicans were negotiating a deal 0 *T*-1 to exclude capital gains from the deficit-reduction legislation *T*-2 , White House spokesman Marlin Fitzwater told reporters that it *EXP*-3 was the president 's policy * to include it . </s>
<s> When an agreement *ICH*-1 was reached *-3 * to strip capital gains from the legislation *T*-2 , Oregon Sen. Bob Packwood , the ranking GOP member of the UNK Senate Finance Committee , hailed it . </s>
<s> *-2 Asked *-1 if the administration agreed , he UNK replied : 0 `` The UNK will have *-3 to speak for itself . '' </s>
<s> Friday 's market tumble could spur action on * UNK the House and Senate versions of the deficit-reduction measure , a process that *T*-1 is n't expected *-2 to begin until tomorrow at the UNK . </s>
<s> Senate Republicans expressed the hope that the House would follow the lead of the Senate , which *T*-1 on Friday agreed *-2 to drop a variety of spending measures and tax breaks that *T*-4 would have increased the fiscal 1990 deficit . </s>
<s> `` The market needs a strong signal that we 're serious about deficit reduction , and the best way 0 * to do that *T*-1 is for the House of Representatives to strip their bill '' of similar provisions , Sen. Warren UNK -LRB- R. , UNK . -RRB- . said 0 *T*-2 yesterday . </s>
<s> The White House Office of Management and Budget , whose calculations *T*-2 determine whether the Gramm-Rudman targets are met *-1 , estimated that the UNK deficit-reduction measure would cut the fiscal 1990 UNK by $ 6.2 billion *U* , almost half of the Congressional Budget Office 's estimate of $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> Rep. UNK said that UNK 's figure would still be enough * to avoid permanent across-the-board cuts , but added : 0 `` We 're getting very close to the margins here . '' </s>
<s> No one in Washington was willing *-1 to take the blame for * UNK Friday 's drop in the stock market . </s>
<s> But some players were quick *-1 to seize the moment . </s>
<s> Before the sun had set on Friday , Richard UNK , the UNK chief economist of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce , issued a statement UNK the drop in stock prices to the Senate decision * to postpone action on capital gains . </s>
<s> `` Investors , who *T*-1 had been holding assets in anticipation of a more favorable time 0 * to sell *T*-4 , were UNK *-3 , '' he said *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` There have been many UNK reasons *ICH*-1 advanced * * to support a capital-gains tax cut , '' Sen. Mitchell said *T*-2 during his television appearance , `` but I suggest 0 that is perhaps more than any of the others . </s>
<s> The following U.S. Treasury , corporate and municipal offerings are tentatively scheduled *-1 for sale this week , according to Dow Jones Capital Markets Report : </s>
<s> $ UNK billion *U* of three-month and six-month bills . </s>
<s> UNK notes , refinancing about $ 9.6 billion *U* in maturing debt . </s>
<s> $ 9.75 billion *U* of 52-week bills . </s>
<s> Connecticut UNK & Power Co. -- </s>
<s> Three million shares of $ 25 *U* preferred , via competitive bidding . </s>
<s> UNK Crude UNK Ltd. -- </s>
<s> Four million common shares , via Salomon Brothers Inc . </s>
<s> Baldwin Technology Co. -- </s>
<s> 2.6 million Class A shares , via Smith Barney Harris Upham & Co . </s>
<s> UNK Entertainment Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 250 million *U* -LRB- face amount -RRB- UNK UNK UNK Notes , via Merrill Lynch Capital Markets . </s>
<s> Chase Manhattan Corp. -- </s>
<s> 14 million common shares , via Goldman , Sachs & Co . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 150 million *U* convertible debentures , via Merrill Lynch . </s>
<s> UNK Industries -- </s>
<s> 1.3 million common shares , via Merrill Lynch . </s>
<s> Eastern Utilities Associates -- </s>
<s> 1.5 million common shares , via PaineWebber Inc . </s>
<s> UNK UNK Plans Inc. -- </s>
<s> Two million common shares , via Dean Witter Capital Markets . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. -- </s>
<s> UNK common shares , via Goldman Sachs . </s>
<s> UNK Inc. -- </s>
<s> 2.4 million common shares , via Montgomery Securities . </s>
<s> Oregon -- </s>
<s> $ 100 million *U* of general obligation veterans ' tax notes , Series 1989 , via competitive bid . </s>
<s> Washington , D.C. -- </s>
<s> $ 200 million *U* of 1990 general obligation tax revenue notes -LRB- Series UNK -RRB- , via competitive bid . </s>
<s> Virginia Public School Authority -- </s>
<s> $ UNK *U* of school financing bonds , 1989 Series B -LRB- 1987 resolution -RRB- , via competitive bid . </s>
<s> Austin , Texas -- </s>
<s> $ UNK *U* of various bonds , including $ 32 million *U* hotel UNK tax revenue bonds , Series UNK , and $ UNK million *U* convention center revenue bonds , Series UNK , via a Morgan Stanley & Co. group . </s>
<s> California Health Facilities Financing Authority -- </s>
<s> $ UNK million *U* of Kaiser UNK revenue bonds , via a PaineWebber group . </s>
<s> Connecticut -- </s>
<s> $ 100 million *U* of general obligation capital appreciation bonds , College Savings Plan , 1989 Series B , via a Prudential-Bache Capital Funding group . </s>
<s> Pennsylvania Higher Education Facilities Authority -- </s>
<s> $ UNK million *U* of revenue bonds for UNK University , Series 1989 , via a Merrill Lynch group . </s>
<s> Tennessee Valley Authority -- </s>
<s> Three billion of power bonds , via First Boston Corp . </s>
<s> University of Medicine And UNK of New Jersey -- </s>
<s> $ 55 million *U* of Series C bonds , via a Prudential-Bache group . </s>
<s> West Virginia UNK , Economic Development And UNK Authority -- </s>
<s> $ UNK million *U* of UNK revenue bonds , Series 1989 , via a PaineWebber group . </s>
<s> San Antonio , Texas -- </s>
<s> $ UNK million *U* of gas and electric revenue refunding bonds , via a First Boston group . </s>
<s> South UNK Health & Education UNK Authority -- </s>
<s> $ UNK million *U* of UNK City UNK Hospital bonds , via a UNK , UNK , UNK & UNK Inc. group . </s>
<s> Small investors matched their big institutional UNK in anxiety over the weekend , but most seemed *-2 to be taking a UNK approach and said 0 they were resigned *-1 to *-3 riding out the latest storm in the stock market . </s>
<s> `` I 'm not losing faith in the market , '' said *T*-1 Boston lawyer Christopher Sullivan as he watched the market plunge on a big screen in front of a brokerage firm . </s>
<s> But he 's not so sure about everyone else . </s>
<s> `` I think 0 on Monday the small -LRB- investors -RRB- are going *-3 to panic and sell , '' predicted *T*-2 Mr. Sullivan , whose investments *T*-1 include AMR Corp. 's American Airlines unit and several mutual funds . </s>
<s> `` And I think 0 institutions are going *-1 to come in and buy ... </s>
<s> I 'm going *-1 to hold on . </s>
<s> If I sell now , I 'll take a big loss . '' </s>
<s> Some UNK an optimism that *T*-2 had been UNK *-1 when they did n't UNK the market in 1987 *T*-3 . </s>
<s> `` Oh , I bet 0 it 'll be up 50 points on Monday , '' said *T*-1 UNK UNK , a UNK retired UNK in Lexington , UNK . </s>
<s> Mrs. UNK said 0 her UNK Investment Club 's portfolio lost about one-third of its value following the Black Monday crash , `` but no one got UNK *-1 , and we gained that back -- and more . '' </s>
<s> At the annual UNK of the National Association of Investors Corp. at the UNK UNK hotel in Minneapolis , the scene was calm . </s>
<s> Some 500 investors representing investor clubs from around the U.S. were attending when the market started *-1 to slide Friday *T*-2 . </s>
<s> But Robert UNK , an official of the association , said 0 no special UNK or emergency meetings of the investors ' clubs are planned *-1 . </s>
<s> In fact , some of the association 's members -- long-term , UNK investors -- welcomed the drop in prices . </s>
<s> `` We hope *-2 to take advantage of it , '' said *T*-1 John UNK , a member of a Los Angeles investors ' club . </s>
<s> He has four stocks *ICH*-3 in mind 0 * to buy *T*-2 if the prices drop to the level 0 he wants *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Not everyone is reacting so UNK , however , and many wonder about the long-term implications of what *T*-2 is widely viewed *-1 as the cause of Friday 's slide , reluctance *ICH*-3 by banks * to provide financing for a buy-out of UAL Corp. , parent of United Airlines . </s>
<s> Marc UNK , a Tampa , Fla. , investment banker , said 0 the market drop is one of `` a tremendous number of signs that the leveraged UNK era is ending . </s>
<s> There 's no question that there 's a general UNK for leverage among lenders . </s>
<s> '' Mr. UNK believes , however , that the market could be stabilized *-1 if California investor Marvin Davis steps back in to the United bidding with an offer of $ 275 *U* a share . </s>
<s> UNK Albert , a UNK Dallas law student , says 0 she 's generally UNK about the stock market and the takeover activity that *T*-1 seems *-2 to fuel it . </s>
<s> `` I have this feeling that it 's built *-1 on sand , '' she says 0 *T*-2 , that the market rises `` but there 's no foundation to it . '' </s>
<s> She and her husband pulled most of their investments out of the market after the 1987 crash , although she still owns some Texaco stock . </s>
<s> UNK because of concern about the economy and partly because she recently quit her job as a legal assistant *-1 to go to school , `` I think at this point 0 we want *-2 to be a lot more liquid . '' </s>
<s> Others wonder how many more of these shocks the small investor can stand *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` We all assumed 0 October UNK was a one-time shot , '' said *T*-1 San Francisco attorney David Greenberg . </s>
<s> `` We told the little guy 0 it could only happen once in a lifetime , * come on back . </s>
<s> Now it 's happening again . '' </s>
<s> Mr. Greenberg got out just before the 1987 crash and , to his regret , never went back even as the market soared . </s>
<s> This time he 's ready *-1 to buy in `` when the panic wears off . '' </s>
<s> Still , he adds : `` We ca n't have this kind of thing happen very often . </s>
<s> When the little guy gets frightened *T*-1 , the big guys hurt badly . </s>
<s> Merrill Lynch ca n't survive without the little guy . '' </s>
<s> Small investors have UNK back into the market following Black Monday , but mostly through mutual funds . </s>
<s> UNK brokerage customers `` have been in the market somewhat but not whole UNK like they were *?* two years ago , '' says 0 *T*-1 UNK UNK Jr. , chairman of the UNK & UNK discount brokerage firm . </s>
<s> Hugo UNK , senior vice president at Charles UNK Corp. , says 0 UNK customers `` have been UNK to cautious *ICH*-1 recently about stocks . '' </s>
<s> Individual investors are still angry about program trading , Mr. UNK says 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> UNK UNK , a UNK University finance professor , says 0 government regulators will have *-1 to more closely control program trading *-1 to `` win back the confidence of the small investor . '' </s>
<s> But it 's not only the stock market that *T*-1 has some small investors worried *-2 . </s>
<s> Alan UNK , general sales manager of a Chrysler dealership in Houston , said 0 he and his mother have some joint stock investments , but the overall economy is his chief worry . </s>
<s> `` These high UNK took a big UNK today , '' he said *T*-2 in his UNK , which *T*-1 is within a few miles of the UNK dollar homes of some of Houston 's UNK citizens . </s>
<s> `` And I can tell you that a high UNK is n't going *-1 to come in tomorrow and buy a Chrysler UNK by UNK . '' </s>
<s> And , finally , there were the UNK . </s>
<s> `` I got out in 1987 . </s>
<s> Everything , '' said *T*-2 UNK UNK , an UNK , Ohio , UNK contractor who *T*-1 was visiting Chicago and stopped by Fidelity Investments ' UNK Street office . </s>
<s> `` I just stopped by *-1 to see how much I would have lost *T*-2 . '' </s>
<s> UNK Mr. UNK ever get back in ? </s>
<s> `` Are you UNK ! </s>
<s> When it comes to money *T*-1 : Once *-3 UNK *-2 , * 2,000 times shy . </s>
<s> The crowded field for UNK computers is about *-1 to become a lot more crowded . </s>
<s> Compaq Computer Corp. 's UNK entry today into the notebook field is expected *-1 to put immediate heat on others in the market , especially UNK Electronics Corp. , the current market leader , and on a UNK of promising UNK . </s>
<s> Compaq 's series of UNK UNK a trend toward UNK in the personal computer market . </s>
<s> One manufacturer already has produced a UNK computer called *-1 a UNK , and two others have introduced even smaller `` UNK . '' </s>
<s> But those machines are still considered *-1 UNK , with UNK 0 only a UNK could love *T*-2 and screens 0 *T*-3 to match . </s>
<s> Compaq 's UNK , by contrast , may be the first in their weight class not to UNK on features found * in much bigger machines . </s>
<s> Analysts say 0 they 're faster and carry more memory than anything else of their size on the market -- and they 're priced *-1 aggressively at $ UNK *U* to $ 5,000 *U* . </s>
<s> All of this comes in a machine that *T*-1 UNK only six pounds and fits UNK into most UNK . </s>
<s> In recent months , Compaq 's competition , including UNK , Toshiba Corp. , Tandy Corp. and NEC Corp. all have introduced UNK that *T*-3 weigh approximately the same and that *T*-4 are called *-2 UNK -- perhaps UNK . </s>
<s> One analyst , *-1 noting that most such machines are about two inches thick , takes exception to the name . </s>
<s> `` This is n't quite a notebook -- I call it a UNK , '' he says *T*-1 . </s>
<s> That ca n't be said *-1 of the $ UNK *U* UNK computer introduced * a few weeks ago by UNK Systems Corp. , a unit of Tandy . </s>
<s> Instead of a UNK , it features a writing surface , an electronic UNK and the ability * to `` read '' block printing . </s>
<s> At 4 1\/2 pounds , it may be too UNK named *-1 , but it UNK opens up the kind of marketing possibilities that *T*-2 make analysts UNK . </s>
<s> UNK are n't far behind . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. 's Portfolio , *-1 introduced *-2 in Europe two months ago and in the U.S. in early September , UNK less than a pound , costs a mere $ 400 *U* and runs on three UNK UNK , yet has the power * to run some UNK and word processing programs . </s>
<s> Some critics , however , say its ability * to run UNK programs is restricted *-2 by a limited memory . </s>
<s> UNK Computer Corp. , meanwhile , has introduced a much more sophisticated UNK that *T*-4 can run Lotus UNK and other sophisticated software programs , but costs five times as much . </s>
<s> At stake is *T*-1 what Mike UNK , Compaq 's president of North America operations , calls *T*-2 `` the UNK UNK of the computer industry '' -- the search for `` a real computer in a package so small 0 you can take it everywhere . '' </s>
<s> The market is so new , 0 nobody knows yet how big it can be *T*-1 . </s>
<s> `` I 've had a lot of people trying *-2 to sell me services 0 *T*-3 to find out how big it is *T*-4 , '' says *T*-1 Tom UNK , director of marketing for UNK . </s>
<s> `` Whether it 's $ 5 billion *U* or $ 3.5 billion *U* , it does n't matter . </s>
<s> It 's huge . '' </s>
<s> * Consider the growth of UNK , which *T*-1 now UNK 12 % of all personal computer sales . </s>
<s> UNK -- generally anything under 15 pounds -- have become the fastest-growing personal computer segment , with sales doubling this year . </s>
<s> * UNK to that demand , however , has led to a variety of UNK . </s>
<s> * UNK computers smaller often means * UNK memory . </s>
<s> It also has UNK use of the faster , more powerful microprocessors found * in increasing numbers of desktop machines . </s>
<s> UNK and weight considerations also have limited screen displays . </s>
<s> The competitive UNK can get pretty UNK at times . </s>
<s> A UNK spokesman , for example , UNK the UNK Portfolio because it requires three UNK while the UNK needs only two . </s>
<s> Both UNK are dismissed *-1 by notebook makers , who *T*-2 argue that they 're too small -- a problem 0 UNK also encountered *T*-3 in focus groups , admits 0 *T*-4 UNK UNK , director of marketing . </s>
<s> UNK , *-1 trying *-2 to avoid the `` UNK '' label , responded with the UNK line , `` The UNK PC -- a UNK Big Computer . '' </s>
<s> Despite the UNK , few question the UNK of the move to small machines that *T*-1 do n't make UNK . </s>
<s> UNK that end , experts say 0 the real battle will take place between UNK players like Toshiba , UNK and now Compaq . </s>
<s> Compaq 's new machines are considered *-1 a direct threat to start-up firms like UNK Inc. , which *T*-2 introduced in June a computer that , like Compaq 's , *T*-3 uses an Intel UNK microprocessor and has a hard disk drive . </s>
<s> But the UNK product is twice as heavy and costs more than Compaq 's . </s>
<s> Compaq 's announcement also UNK trouble for UNK , which *T*-1 last year had 28 % of the U.S. laptop market but recently agreed *-2 to sell its computer business to UNK des Machines UNK , the French government-owned computer maker . </s>
<s> UNK holders will vote in December on the proposed $ UNK million *U* sale , a price that *T*-2 could slip because it is pegged *-1 to UNK 's share and sales . </s>
<s> Compaq is already taking aim at UNK 's market share . </s>
<s> UNK UNK , Compaq 's president and chief executive officer , notes UNK that UNK 's $ 2,000 *U* UNK uses an `` UNK '' UNK UNK disk , UNK Compaq 's new machines use the more common 3 UNK disk . </s>
<s> John P. Frank , president of UNK Data Systems , simply UNK off such criticism , *-1 noting that 3 UNK UNK were also `` UNK '' when they first replaced UNK disks *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` We do n't look at it as *-1 not being a standard , we look at it as a new standard , '' he argues *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Analysts do n't see it that way . </s>
<s> `` I ca n't imagine that you 'll talk to anyone who *T*-1 wo n't tell you 0 this is UNK for Compaq and a UNK for everyone else , '' says *T*-2 UNK UNK , president of Professional Marketing Management Inc . </s>
<s> Adds *ICH*-1 Bill UNK , senior industry analyst for UNK , a high-technology market research firm : `` We basically think that these are very hot products . </s>
<s> The problem 0 Compaq is going *-2 to have *T*-1 is that they wo n't be able *-3 to make enough of them . '' </s>
<s> Compaq 's machines include the 3 UNK UNK disk drive , a UNK screen that *T*-1 is only UNK thick and an internal expansion UNK for a UNK -- in other words , almost all the UNK of a typical office machine . </s>
<s> Others UNK will follow , but most analysts believe 0 Compaq has at least a six-month lead on the competition . </s>
<s> Toshiba 's line of UNK , for example , features the UNK , which UNK is in the same weight class but is much slower and has less memory , and the UNK , which *T*-1 also uses a UNK microprocessor , but which UNK UNK almost twice as much and is three times the size . </s>
<s> A third model , *-1 marketed *-2 in Japan , may hit the U.S. by the end of the first quarter of 1990 , but by then , analysts say 0 *T*-3 , Compaq will have established itself as one of three major players . </s>
<s> What about Big Blue ? </s>
<s> International Business Machines Corp. , analysts say 0 *T*-1 , has been burned *-2 twice in *-3 trying *-4 to enter the laptop market and shows no signs of *-2 trying *-5 to get into UNK anytime soon . </s>
<s> Honeywell Inc. and International Business Machines Corp. received Air Force contracts 0 *T*-1 to develop integrated circuits for use in space . </s>
<s> Honeywell 's contract totaled $ UNK million *U* , and IBM 's $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> Boeing Co. received a $ UNK million *U* Air Force contract for *-1 developing cable systems for the UNK UNK . </s>
<s> General Dynamics Corp. received a $ 29 million *U* Air Force contract for UNK training sets . </s>
<s> Grumman Corp. received an $ UNK million *U* Navy contract 0 *T*-1 to upgrade aircraft electronics . </s>
<s> UNK Corp. received an $ 11.8 million *U* Army contract for helicopter engines . </s>
<s> Sharp increases in the price of fresh produce caused Spain 's September consumer price index to shoot up 1.1 % from the previous month , * pushing the annual rate of inflation to 6.8 % , the National Institute of Statistics said 0 *T*-1 Friday . </s>
<s> The monthly increase is the highest recorded * in the past four years . </s>
<s> The index , which *T*-1 registered UNK at the end of September , has a base of 100 set * in 1983 and is n't seasonally adjusted *-2 . </s>
<s> Prices have risen 5.9 % in the first nine months of the year , *-1 UNK both the initial 3 % inflation goal set * by the government of Socialist Prime Minister UNK Gonzalez and the second , revised goal of 5.8 % . </s>
<s> Japan 's wholesale prices in September rose 3.3 % from a year earlier and were up 0.4 % from the previous month , the Bank of Japan announced 0 *T*-1 Friday . </s>
<s> The wholesale price index stood at UNK , compared with a 1985 base of 100 . </s>
<s> UNK ? </s>
<s> What plunge ? </s>
<s> UNK New York Stock Exchange issues hit 52-week highs during Friday 's trading , despite the Dow Jones Industrial Average 's 190.58-point plunge . </s>
<s> Stocks of utilities held up relatively better than other market sectors during the sell-off . </s>
<s> And among the issues hitting new highs were *T*-1 Detroit Edison Co. and UNK UNK Power Corp . </s>
<s> Other major issues hitting highs included American Telephone & Telegraph Co. , Westinghouse Electric Corp. , Exxon Corp. and Cigna Corp. , the big insurer . </s>
<s> Of course , many more issues -- 93 -- hit new lows . </s>
<s> These included International Business Machines Corp. , which *T*-1 during Friday 's session traded below $ 100 *U* a share for the first time since June 1984 . </s>
<s> IBM closed at $ 102 *U* , down $ UNK *U* . </s>
<s> Other new lows included UNK International Corp. , Union Carbide Corp. and Bethlehem Steel Corp. , all of which *T*-2 are included *-1 in the industrial average . </s>
<s> Meanwhile , two initial public offerings UNK the UNK market in their UNK day of national over-the-counter trading Friday . </s>
<s> Shares of Rally 's Inc. , an operator of fast-food restaurants , closed at $ 17 *U* each , up from its $ 15 *U* offering price and shares of UNK UNK Plans Inc. , a health-care consultant , closed at $ UNK *U* , up from its $ 12 *U* offering price . </s>
<s> Ford Motor Co. said 0 it acquired 5 % of the shares in Jaguar PLC . </s>
<s> Jaguar , the London Stock Exchange and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission are being notified *-1 of the transactions , the company said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The U.S. Federal Trade Commission advised Ford last week that it would n't raise any UNK to the acquisition of as much as 15 % of Jaguar shares . </s>
<s> The No. 2 auto maker disclosed last month that it wants *-2 to buy as much as 15 % of the British luxury-car maker , the maximum allowed * under current United Kingdom government restrictions . </s>
<s> General Motors Corp. said 0 it had discussed the possibility of a joint venture with Jaguar before Ford began *-1 buying shares . </s>
<s> GM said 0 it still is talking with Jaguar about *-1 acquiring a minority interest . </s>
<s> Investors who *T*-1 bought stock with borrowed money -- that is , `` on margin '' -- may be more worried than most following Friday 's market drop . </s>
<s> That 's because their brokers can require them to sell some shares or put up more cash 0 *T*-2 to enhance the collateral backing their loans . </s>
<s> In October 1987 , these margin calls were thought *-1 to have contributed to the downward UNK of the stock market . </s>
<s> Typically , a margin call occurs when the price of a stock falls below 75 % of its original value *T*-1 . </s>
<s> If the investor does n't put up the extra cash 0 *T*-1 to satisfy the call , the brokerage firm may begin *-2 UNK the securities . </s>
<s> But some big brokerage firms said 0 they do n't expect major problems as a result of margin calls . </s>
<s> UNK calls since Friday `` have been higher than usual , but reasonable , '' a spokesman for Shearson Lehman Hutton Inc. said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Merrill Lynch & Co. officials `` do n't expect -LCB- margin calls -RCB- to be as big a factor as in 1987 '' because fewer individual investors are buying stock on margin , a spokesman said 0 *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Hugo UNK , senior vice president at Charles UNK Corp. , the San UNK discount brokerage firm , said 0 he did n't expect any immediate problems with margin calls for UNK customers . </s>
<s> He said 0 UNK had increased margin requirements `` so customers have more of a cushion . '' </s>
<s> He added : `` We learned a lesson *ICH*-1 in 1987 about volatility . </s>
<s> UNK Inc. , *-1 following rival Hertz Corp. 's lead , said 0 it is backing out of UNK programs with three airlines . </s>
<s> The Garden City , N.Y. , UNK company said 0 it wo n't renew contracts with NWA Inc. 's Northwest Airlines unit , Pan Am Corp. 's Pan American World Airways unit and UNK Airlines at the end of this year . </s>
<s> But it remains involved in programs with AMR Corp. 's American Airlines unit and Delta Air Lines . </s>
<s> Industry estimates put UNK 's annual cost of all five programs at between $ 8 million and $ 14 million *U* . </s>
<s> A spokesman for UNK would n't specify the costs but said 0 the three airlines being dropped * account for `` far less than half '' of the total . </s>
<s> Budget UNK a Car Corp. , of Chicago , and National Car UNK Systems Inc. , of Minneapolis , both said 0 they had no plans * to follow suit . </s>
<s> In fact , Budget indicated 0 it saw some benefit to *-1 staying involved in these programs , in which UNK earn UNK miles *T*-2 and UNK can get UNK discounts *T*-2 . </s>
<s> `` I can not see how this news by Hertz and UNK can not benefit Budget 's programs , '' said *T*-1 Bob Wilson , Budget 's vice president , marketing planning . </s>
<s> Northwest and UNK are two of the five airlines with which Budget has agreements *T*-1 . </s>
<s> National also UNK in the Northwest UNK program along with four other airlines , including Delta and USAir Group Inc. 's USAir unit . </s>
<s> A month ago , Hertz , of Park UNK , N.J. , said that it would drop its marketing agreements *ICH*-1 at year end with Delta , America West and Texas Air Corp. 's Continental Airlines and Eastern Airlines , and that UNK with American Airlines , UAL Inc 's United Airlines and USAir also would be ended *-2 ... sometime after Dec. 31 . </s>
<s> At the time , Hertz said 0 its annual fees to those airlines amounted to $ 20 million *U* and that the value of redeemed UNK topped $ 15 million *U* . </s>
<s> Analysts and competitors , however , doubt 0 the numbers were that high . </s>
<s> Budget said 0 its UNK costs are `` substantially below '' UNK 's level . </s>
<s> Robert D. UNK , UNK vice president of marketing , said , 0 `` The UNK and costs attached * to -LCB- UNK programs -RCB- have significantly diminished their value . '' </s>
<s> This year has been difficult for both Hertz and UNK , said 0 *T*-1 Charles UNK , UNK industry analyst at Alex . Brown & Sons . </s>
<s> `` They 've been looking *-2 to get their costs down , and this is a fairly UNK way 0 * to do it *T*-3 , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> CBS Inc. is cutting `` The Pat UNK Show '' down to one hour from its current 90 minutes . </s>
<s> CBS insisted 0 the move was n't a setback for the program , which *T*-1 is the network 's first entry into the UNK talk show UNK since 1972 . </s>
<s> `` I have every intention of *-4 making this the best possible show and * having it run one hour is the best way to it , '' said *T*-3 UNK UNK , who *T*-2 was named *-1 vice president of late night entertainment in August . </s>
<s> `` This will raise the energy level of the show . '' </s>
<s> CBS will continue *-1 to program UNK shows 0 *T*-2 to follow the UNK hour . </s>
<s> But CBS News will extend its UNK `` UNK '' by 30 minutes and begin at UNK a.m . </s>
<s> The show , despite a promising start , has slipped badly in the weekly ratings as * compiled *-1 by A.C. Nielsen Co. , *-2 finishing far below `` UNK '' on NBC , a unit of General Electric Co. , and `` UNK '' on UNK , a unit of Capital Cities\/ABC Inc . </s>
<s> Further UNK the UNK audience is *T*-1 the addition of the `` UNK Hall Show , '' UNK * by Paramount Communications Inc . </s>
<s> Tandem Computers Inc. , *-1 preparing *-2 to fight with International Business Machines Corp. for a piece of the mainframe business , said 0 it expects *-3 to post higher revenue and earnings for its fiscal fourth quarter ended Sept. 30 . </s>
<s> Tandem said 0 it expects *-1 to report revenue of about $ 450 million *U* and earnings of 35 cents to 40 cents a share . </s>
<s> The results , which *T*-1 are in line with analysts ' estimates , reflect `` a continued improvement in our U.S. business , '' said 0 *T*-2 James UNK , Tandem 's chief executive officer . </s>
<s> In the year-earlier period , Tandem reported net income of $ UNK million *U* , or 31 cents a share , on revenue of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> Tandem expects *-1 to report the full results for the quarter next week . </s>
<s> Analysts have predicted that the Cupertino , Calif. , company will report revenue of $ UNK million to $ UNK million *U* and earnings of 35 cents to 40 cents a share . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK on the results for the quarter , Mr. UNK said 0 the strength of the company 's domestic business came as `` a surprise '' to him , *-1 noting that sales `` in every region of the U.S. exceeded our plan . '' </s>
<s> The company 's U.S. performance was helped *-1 by `` a record quarter for new customers , '' he said 0 *T*-2 . </s>
<s> Tandem makes `` UNK '' computers -- machines with UNK backup systems -- that *T*-1 run stock exchanges , networks of automatic UNK and other complex computer systems . </s>
<s> Tomorrow the company is scheduled *-1 to announce its most powerful computer ever , which *T*-2 for the first time will bring it into direct competition with makers of mainframe computers . </s>
<s> Tandem 's new high-end computer is called *-1 UNK . </s>
<s> Prices for the machine , which *T*-1 can come in various UNK , are $ 2 million to $ 10 million *U* . </s>
<s> Analysts expect the new computer to UNK a hefty UNK of business away from IBM , the longtime leader in mainframes . </s>
<s> `` We believe 0 they could UNK perhaps two to three billion dollars from IBM '' over the next few years , said 0 *T*-1 George Weiss , an analyst at the UNK group . </s>
<s> That will spur Tandem 's growth . </s>
<s> `` I 'd be disappointed if the company grew by less than 20 % next year , '' said *T*-1 John UNK , an analyst at Goldman , Sachs & Co . </s>
<s> IBM is expected *-1 to respond to Tandem 's UNK by *-2 discounting its own mainframes , which analysts say 0 *T*-3 are roughly three times the price of a comparable system from Tandem . </s>
<s> `` Obviously IBM can give bigger discounts to users immediately , '' said *T*-1 Mr. Weiss . </s>
<s> But Mr. UNK questions whether that will be enough * to stop Tandem 's first mainframe from *-2 taking on some of the functions that large organizations previously sought *T*-1 from Big Blue 's machines . </s>
<s> `` The answer is n't price reductions , but new systems , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Nevertheless , Tandem faces a variety of challenges , the biggest being that customers generally view the company 's computers as UNK to IBM 's mainframes . </s>
<s> Even Mr. UNK is reluctant *-1 to abandon this notion , * insisting that Tandem 's new machines are n't UNK for IBM 's mainframes . </s>
<s> `` We 're after a little bigger niche , '' he said *T*-1 . </s>
<s> * Do n't jump yet . </s>
<s> The stock market 's UNK may turn out *-1 to be good news for the economy . </s>
<s> In one wild hour of trading , the market managed *-1 to accomplish what the Bush administration has been trying *-2 to do *T*-3 , unsuccessfully , for weeks . </s>
<s> It is forcing the Federal Reserve to ease its grip on credit and it took the wind out of a previously UNK dollar . </s>
<s> The resulting decline in interest rates and the value of the dollar could UNK American business -- indeed , the entire economy . </s>
<s> This may sound UNK optimistic . </s>
<s> After all , until a few years ago , the stock market was viewed *-1 as a barometer of the national economy . </s>
<s> When it went down *T*-1 , by all tradition , the economy followed . </s>
<s> That has changed , partly because the two years following the worst stock-market plunge in history have been reasonably comfortable . </s>
<s> The 1987 crash was `` a false alarm however you view it *T*-1 , '' says 0 *T*-2 University of Chicago economist Victor UNK . </s>
<s> The market seems increasingly UNK from the rest of the nation . </s>
<s> Its UNK ca n't be UNK *-1 to fundamental business conditions , nor do they appear *-2 to UNK major UNK in the economy . </s>
<s> `` The market today has a life of its own , '' John UNK , chairman of International Business Machines Corp. , said *T*-1 Saturday . </s>
<s> `` There 's nothing rational about this kind of action . '' </s>
<s> Of course , the health of the economy will be threatened *-1 if the market continues *-2 to dive this week . </s>
<s> UNK falling stock prices do reduce consumer wealth , damage business confidence and discourage the foreign investors upon whom the U.S. now relies *T*-1 for financial UNK . </s>
<s> The financial-services industry was battered *-1 by the 1987 crash . </s>
<s> What *T*-1 's more , although the stock market is far less UNK *ICH*-2 today than two years ago , the U.S. economy is weaker . </s>
<s> Growth is slower . </s>
<s> Profits are softer . </s>
<s> UNK burdens are UNK . </s>
<s> But if the stock market does n't continue *-1 to UNK , the beneficial effects of lower interest rates and a lower dollar may well dominate . </s>
<s> The Fed , which *T*-1 until Friday had been UNK moves 0 *T*-2 to ease credit , is now poised *-3 to pour money into the economy if * needed *-4 *-5 to UNK the markets . </s>
<s> Fed officials may protest that this does n't necessarily mean a fundamental change in their interest-rate policies . </s>
<s> But the experience of the 1987 crash suggests 0 the Fed is likely *-1 to bring down short-term interest rates in its effort * to calm markets . </s>
<s> *-1 UNK the Fed 's move , money traders lowered a key interest rate known * as the Federal Funds rate to UNK % *ICH*-2 late Friday , down from UNK % the day before . </s>
<s> UNK movements in the rate , which *T*-1 is what banks charge each other *T*-3 for overnight loans , are usually among the few visible tracks that the Fed leaves *T*-2 on the monetary markets . </s>
<s> The dollar also began *-2 to decline Friday as the stock market 's plunge caused some investors to UNK their desire * to invest in the U.S. . </s>
<s> Treasury officials have been arguing for months that the dollar 's strength was out of UNK with economic fundamentals , *-2 threatening *-3 to UNK the export boom that *T*-1 has sustained manufacturers for several years . </s>
<s> The market drop has now apparently convinced foreign investors that the Treasury was right about the UNK dollar . </s>
<s> A modest drop in the dollar -- only a modest one , * mind you -- would be welcomed *-1 by the U.S. . </s>
<s> That was n't the case in 1987 , when the dollar was so weak that some economists and government officials seriously worried that it might collapse , * producing panic among foreign investors and UNK the flow of foreign capital to the U.S. *T*-1 . </s>
<s> Another big difference between 1987 and 1989 is n't so UNK . </s>
<s> In the third quarter of 1987 , the economy UNK at an inflation-adjusted annual rate of 5.3 % . </s>
<s> The consensus among economists is that it grew a much more sluggish 2.3 % in the third quarter of 1989 , which *T*-1 ended two weeks ago . </s>
<s> The plunge in stock prices `` is happening at a time when the economy has already slowed down *T*-1 , '' says 0 *T*-2 economist Lawrence UNK of UNK Group , a UNK UNK , Pa. , forecasting company . </s>
<s> `` A lot of UNK demand is gone . '' </s>
<s> Consumer spending did drop in the months following Black Monday 1987 -- `` but only slightly and for a short period of time , '' recalls 0 *T*-1 Mr. UNK , a longtime student of business cycles . </s>
<s> `` That was offset *-1 by strength elsewhere . </s>
<s> -LCB- The effects -RCB- were much less severe and less prolonged than some had feared or expected 0 *?* . </s>
<s> '' Today , he UNK *T*-1 , exports and business investment spending may be UNK *-2 to pick up the slack if stock prices UNK this week and if consumers UNK in reaction . </s>
<s> What *T*-1 's more , the corporate borrowing UNK has n't UNK in the past two years . </s>
<s> `` We 've had two more years of significant UNK of debt ... just at the time when earnings are being squeezed *-1 *T*-3 , '' Mr. UNK notes *T*-2 . </s>
<s> The more a company relies on borrowed money , the greater its UNK to an economic slowdown . </s>
<s> A company with a strong balance sheet can withstand an unanticipated storm ; a highly leveraged company may end up in bankruptcy court . </s>
<s> The Fed , of course , knows that very well -- hence its UNK * to pump credit into the economy this morning . </s>
<s> But , in the process , the Fed risks *-1 UNK inflation . </s>
<s> Even before Friday 's events , Harvard University economist Benjamin UNK was arguing that the Fed wo n't be able *-1 to live up to its tough words on * eliminating inflation because of its responsibility * to protect fragile financial markets , banks and highly leveraged corporations . </s>
<s> The biggest threat on the economic horizon right now is n't recession , he reasons 0 *T*-1 ; it 's an UNK of UNK inflation . </s>
<s> In the end , the 1987 collapse suggested 0 *T*-1 , the economy does n't move in UNK with stock prices . </s>
<s> The economy does , however , depend on the confidence of businesses , consumers and foreign investors . </s>
<s> A panic on Wall Street does n't exactly UNK confidence . </s>
<s> UNK suggested that consumer confidence was high before Friday . </s>
<s> A 190-point drop is n't likely *-1 to make much of a UNK ; * UNK that a few times over , though , and it will *?* . </s>
<s> If the reactions of executives gathered * Saturday at UNK Springs , Va. , for the Business Council meetings are typical , business leaders were n't overly UNK *-1 by Friday 's decline . </s>
<s> And if foreign investors become a UNK more cautious -- well , the dollar 's recent strength suggests that the U.S. can stand it . </s>
<s> On the bottom line , the most UNK fact for the economic outlook is that we 've been through this before . </s>
<s> Two years ago , about the only point of comparison was the 1929 crash and the subsequent UNK . </s>
<s> The UNK had a UNK audience . </s>
<s> The prosperity that *T*-1 followed Black Monday permits a more optimistic view today . </s>
<s> At the very least , the establishment here is taking comfort from the nation 's success in * handling the last UNK . </s>
<s> As Sen. Lloyd UNK -LRB- D. , Texas -RRB- observed yesterday , `` The Fed avoided a UNK last time . </s>
<s> They are more sophisticated this time . </s>
<s> The chemical industry is expected *-1 to report that profits UNK in the third quarter because of UNK prices in the commodity end of the business . </s>
<s> Producers of commodity chemicals , the basic chemicals produced * in huge volumes for other manufacturers , have seen sharp inventory cutting by buyers . </s>
<s> *-1 Once the chief beneficiaries of the industry 's now UNK boom , these producers also will be reporting against UNK strong performances in the 1988 third quarter . </s>
<s> `` For some of these companies , this will be the first quarter with year-to-year negative comparisons , '' says *T*-1 Leonard UNK , a chemical industry analyst at Prudential UNK Research . </s>
<s> `` This could be the first of five or six down quarters . '' </s>
<s> * Perhaps most prominent , Dow Chemical Co. , which as of UNK *T*-1 had UNK up eight consecutive record quarters , is expected *-2 to report that profit decreased in the latest quarter from a year earlier , if only by a UNK . </s>
<s> Though Dow has aggressively diversified into specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals , the company still has a big stake in polyethylene , which *T*-2 is used *-1 in packaging and UNK . </s>
<s> Analysts ' third-quarter estimates for the Midland , Mich. , company are between $ UNK *U* a share and $ UNK *U* a share , compared with $ UNK *U* a year ago , when profit was $ UNK million *U* on sales of $ UNK billion *U* *T*-1 . </s>
<s> A Dow spokeswoman declined *-1 to comment on the estimates . </s>
<s> At the investment firm of Smith Barney , Harris Upham & Co. , the UNK segment is seen *-1 pulling down overall profit for 20 companies representative of the whole industry by 8 % to 10 % *U* . </s>
<s> `` You will find the commodities off more than the others and the diversified companies about even or slightly better , '' says *T*-1 James Wilbur , a Smith Barney analyst . </s>
<s> First Boston Corp. projects that 10 of the 15 companies 0 it follows *T*-1 will report lower profit . </s>
<s> Most of the 10 have big UNK operations . </s>
<s> Still , some industry giants are expected *-1 to report continuing gains , largely because so much of their business is outside commodity chemicals . </s>
<s> Du Pont Co. is thought *-4 to have had steady profit growth in white UNK , fibers and UNK . </s>
<s> Moreover , the UNK , Del. , company is helped *-1 when prices *ICH*-3 weaken on the commodity chemicals 0 it buys *T*-2 for its own production needs , such as UNK *T*-4 . </s>
<s> Analysts are divided *-5 over whether Du Pont will report much of a gain *ICH*-1 in the latest quarter from its UNK Inc. oil company . </s>
<s> The estimates for Du Pont range from $ 2.25 to $ UNK *U* a share . </s>
<s> In the 1988 third quarter , the company earned $ UNK million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on sales of $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> Du Pont declined *-1 to comment . </s>
<s> Monsanto Co. , too , is expected *-2 to continue *-3 reporting higher profit , even though its sales of crop chemicals were hurt *-1 in the latest quarter by drought in northern Europe and the western U.S. . </s>
<s> The St. UNK company is expected *-1 to report again that losses in its UNK Searle & Co. pharmaceutical business are narrowing . </s>
<s> Searle continued *-1 to operate in the red through the first half of the year , but Monsanto has said 0 it expects Searle to post a profit for all of 1989 . </s>
<s> Most estimates for Monsanto run between $ UNK and $ 2 *U* a share . </s>
<s> A year ago , the company posted third-quarter profit of $ UNK million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on sales of $ UNK billion *U* . </s>
<s> Monsanto declined *-1 to comment . </s>
<s> But the UNK producers are caught *-1 on the downside of a pricing cycle . </s>
<s> By some accounts on Wall Street and in the industry , the inventory reductions are near an end , which *T*-1 may UNK firmer demand . </s>
<s> But UNK say 0 growing production capacity could keep pressure on prices into the early 1990s . </s>
<s> In the latest quarter , at least , profit is expected *-1 to fall sharply . </s>
<s> For UNK Inc. , `` how far down it is *T*-1 , we do n't know *T*-2 , '' says *T*-3 UNK UNK at Salomon Brothers . </s>
<s> The projections are in the neighborhood of 50 cents *ICH*-1 a share to 75 cents , compared with a restated $ 1.65 *U* a share a year earlier , when profit was $ UNK million *U* on sales of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> UNK faces lower prices for its mainstay product , UNK , while it goes forward with a heavy capital investment program 0 *T*-2 to bolster its raw material supply and develop new uses for UNK , whose markets *T*-1 include the packaging and automobile industries . </s>
<s> The company , based * in UNK , Del. , is UNK by Montedison S.p . A. , Milan , which *T*-1 has an offer outstanding for the UNK shares 0 it does n't already own *T*-2 . </s>
<s> At Quantum Chemical Corp. , New York , the trouble is lower prices for polyethylene , higher debt costs and the UNK of an important plant due to an explosion . </s>
<s> Some analysts hedge their estimates for Quantum , because it *EXP*-3 is n't known *-1 when the company will book certain one-time charges *T*-2 . </s>
<s> But the estimates range from UNK to 35 cents a share . </s>
<s> In the 1988 third quarter , Quantum earned $ UNK million *U* , or $ UNK *U* a share , on sales of $ UNK million *U* . </s>
<s> Another big polyethylene producer , Union Carbide Corp. , is expected *-1 to post profit of between $ 1 *U* a share and $ 1.25 *U* , compared with $ UNK *U* a share a year earlier , when the company earned $ UNK million *U* on sales of $ UNK billion *U* *T*-2 . </s>
<s> UNK , Quantum and Union Carbide all declined *-1 to comment . </s>
<s> The following were among Friday 's offerings and pricings in the U.S. and non-U.S. capital markets , with terms and syndicate manager , as * compiled *-1 by Dow Jones Capital Markets Report : </s>
<s> Dow Chemical Co. -- </s>
<s> $ 150 million *U* of 8.55 % senior notes due Oct. 15 , 2009 , priced * at par . </s>
<s> The issue , which *T*-2 is UNK back to the company at par on Oct. 15 , 1999 , was priced *-1 at a spread of 50 basis points above the Treasury 's 10-year note . </s>
<s> *-2 Rated *-1 single-A-1 by Moody 's Investors Service Inc. and single-A by Standard & Poor 's Corp. , the UNK issue will be sold *-2 through underwriters led * by Merrill Lynch Capital Markets . </s>
<s> UNK Capital Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 150 million *U* of 9 % debentures due Oct. 15 , 2019 , priced * at UNK *-1 to yield UNK % . </s>
<s> The UNK issue , which *T*-3 can be put *-2 back to the company in 1999 , was priced *-1 at 99 basis points above the Treasury 's 10-year note . </s>
<s> *-2 Rated *-1 UNK by Moody 's and UNK by S&P , the issue will be sold *-2 through underwriters led * by Morgan Stanley & Co . </s>
<s> Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 500 million *U* of Remic mortgage securities offered * in 13 classes by Prudential-Bache Securities Inc . </s>
<s> The offering , Series 102 , *-1 backed *-2 by Freddie Mac 8 1\/2 % securities with a weighted average remaining term to maturity of UNK years , was priced *-1 before the market 's afternoon surge . </s>
<s> Among classes for which details were available *T*-1 , yields ranged from UNK % , or 75 basis points over two-year Treasury securities , to UNK % , or 200 basis points over 10-year Treasurys . </s>
<s> Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 300 million *U* of Remic mortgage securities offered * by Citicorp Securities Markets Inc . </s>
<s> The offering , Series 101 , is backed *-1 by Freddie Mac 9 1\/2 % securities . </s>
<s> UNK details were n't immediately available . </s>
<s> Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. -- </s>
<s> $ 200 million *U* of stripped mortgage securities underwritten * by UNK Securities Corp . </s>
<s> The agency 's first strips issue , UNK * by Freddie Mac 8 % securities UNK * into a single security called * a Giant , will be divided *-2 into UNK and UNK securities . </s>
<s> The collateral is being sold *-2 by a thrift institution . </s>
<s> The UNK securities will be UNK *-1 by UNK Securities into a Freddie Mac Remic , Series 103 , that *T*-2 will have six classes . </s>
<s> The UNK securities will be sold *-1 separately by UNK Securities . </s>
<s> The UNK securities pay the principal from the underlying Freddie Mac 8 % securities , while the UNK securities pay only interest . </s>
<s> Freddie Mac said 0 the UNK securities were priced *-1 at 58 1\/4 *-2 to yield 8.45 % , assuming an average life of eight years and a UNK of 160 % of the UNK model . </s>
<s> The UNK securities were priced *-1 at 35 1\/2 *-2 to yield UNK % . </s>
<s> There were no major UNK or foreign bond offerings in Europe Friday . </s>
|
e2ea93ff16429a6548e4aa856a13f7d956d45e79 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1730/CH6/EX6.2/Exa6_2.sce | 84d49011e480543cb729089bd2acf11a1b06369d | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 365 | sce | Exa6_2.sce | //Exa 6.2
clc;
clear;
close;
// given data
g=0.055;// in V-m/N
t=2*10^-3;// in m
P=1.25*10^6;// in N/m^2
epsilon=40.6*10^-12;// in F/m
V_out=g*t*P;
disp("Output voltage is : "+string(V_out)+" V");
// Formula Charge Sensivity=epsilon_o*epsilon_r*g=epsilon*g
ChargeSensivity=epsilon*g;
disp("Charge Sensivity is : "+string(ChargeSensivity)+" C/N");
|
710ef567fc5e20536ac58ab39bd97a9537ca125b | 1362c7130b565072410949eb3f4dc8dab09efd98 | /Project Files/SetWomanSectionCapacity.tst | 48f3ee01426e085a3457b913c9c61fb33c6f4bce | [] | no_license | YurishoSan/DBMS_5775_5366_5244 | 8670b57c827d9f61bebce85b4ef062ce8bb05ba4 | 58b981ed21eb7473ffa45973c9956a786697b6e4 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-23T12:21:15.199350 | 2015-06-24T18:28:29 | 2015-06-24T18:28:29 | 32,469,186 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 395 | tst | SetWomanSectionCapacity.tst | PL/SQL Developer Test script 3.0
9
-- Created on 23/06/2015 by YURISHO
declare
-- Local variables here
i integer;
begin
-- Test statements here
dbms_output.put_line('Updating Beit Midrash 0: New Woman Section size is: ' ||Package.SetWomanSectionCapacity(0));
dbms_output.put_line('Updating Beit Midrash 1: New Woman Section size is: ' ||Package.SetWomanSectionCapacity(1));
end;
0
0
|
b76f887afff09dc2ce48a40f32c94bd140b96655 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2582/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce | 3d6f765ac7b9ea210aec08969b8d24a0df0af99d | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 290 | sce | Ex6_5.sce | //Ex 6.5
clc;clear;close;
n=8;//no. of bits
Res=20;//mV/bit(Resolution)
reading='00010110';//input in binary
Vo=Res*bin2dec(reading);//V
disp(Vo/1000,"(a) Output Voltage(V)");
reading='10000000';//input in binary
Vo=Res*bin2dec(reading);//V
disp(Vo/1000,"(b) Output Voltage(V)");
|
8346acb08b43f7b6083f744d123016aab98b665f | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1733/CH7/EX7.5/7_5.sce | 827403a2830115f548e242fed13b596b05b1b721 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 191 | sce | 7_5.sce | // 7.5
clc;
V=230;
Ton=12;
Toff=19;
Duty_cycle=Ton/(Ton+Toff);
printf("Duty cycle=%.4f", Duty_cycle)
Vrms_output=V*Duty_cycle^0.5;
printf("\nRMS output voltage=%.1f V", Vrms_output)
|
c6dc847db14284aae7c09c492b992104bf2bf36e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /24/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce | 34dfc33ea36bc936a04f113445dc4384f5644fc7 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 354 | sce | Example8_8.sce | //Given that
m = 6.0 //in kg
Vo = 7.8 //in m/s
Yo = 8.5 //in meter
Y = 11.1 //in meter
g = 9.8 //in m/s^2
//Sample Problem 8-8
printf("**Sample Problem 8-8**\n")
//initial mechanical energy
Mi = .5* m* Vo^2 + m* g* Yo
//final mechanical energy
Mf = 0 + m* g* Y
Eth = Mi - Mf
printf("The thermal energy generated is equal to %fJ", Eth) |
ccddeb2486579cca8aa8607b97e60fe40c02a86e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2777/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce | d8e74d0c0f26910be6afc404696b212bcd81f89a | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,989 | sce | Ex6_10.sce |
// ELECTRICAL MACHINES
// R.K.Srivastava
// First Impression 2011
// CENGAGE LEARNING INDIA PVT. LTD
// CHAPTER : 6 : SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
// EXAMPLE : 6.10
clear ; clc ; close ; // Clear the work space and console
// GIVEN DATA
m = 3; // Total Number of Phase in Alternator
p = 2; // Total number of Poles of Alternator
V = 11*10^3; // Operating voltage of the Alternator in Volts
VA = 10*10^6; // VA rating of the Alternator in Volts-Amphere
f = 50; // Operating Frequency of the alternator in Hertz
pf = 0.8; // Power factor (lagging)
Vf = 12*10^3; // Operating field voltage of the Alternator in Volts
If = 160; // Field Current in Amphere
Ra = 0.05; // Armature Resistance per phase in Ohms
Xs = 1.5; // Winding leakage reactance per phase in Ohms
A = 150; // The armature MMF at rated current is equivalent to Field Current in Amphere
// CALCULATIONS
Vt = V/sqrt(3); // Rated per phase Voltage in Volts
Ia = VA/(sqrt(3)*V); // Rated Armature Current in Amphere
pfa = acosd(pf); // Power factor angle in degree
Er = Vt+Ia*(cosd(pfa)-%i*sind(pfa))*(Ra+%i*Xs); // Induced EMF in Volts
R_a = 90 + atand(imag(Er),real(Er)); // Angle of R in Degree
R = 160 * exp( %i * (R_a) * %pi/180); // (Line-line Voltage) Er = 11902.40V will get R from Air gap Characteristics
A_n = A * exp( %i * (-pfa) * %pi/180);
F = R - A_n; // Field Current required to produce the excitation EMF in Amphere
// DISPLAY RESULTS
disp("EXAMPLE : 6.10: SOLUTION :-");
printf("\n (a) Field Current required to produce the excitation EMF, F = %.2f A \n",abs(F))
|
e8b611132a317fbc0de36bb05920ee55718ecb25 | 8217f7986187902617ad1bf89cb789618a90dd0a | /source/2.3.1/macros/percent/%pflss.sci | 143a32e2307e16ef408d77dbeb28bbe6ac65ccde | [
"LicenseRef-scancode-warranty-disclaimer",
"LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain",
"MIT"
] | permissive | clg55/Scilab-Workbench | 4ebc01d2daea5026ad07fbfc53e16d4b29179502 | 9f8fd29c7f2a98100fa9aed8b58f6768d24a1875 | refs/heads/master | 2023-05-31T04:06:22.931111 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 258,270,193 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 217 | sci | %pflss.sci | function [s]=%pflss(d1,s2)
//[s]=%pflss(d1,s2) <=> s=[d1,s2]
//!
[a2,b2,c2,d2,x2,dom2]=s2(2:7)
[n2,m2]=size(c2);[p1,m1]=size(d1)
s=tlist(['lss','A','B','C','D','X0','dt'],a2,b2,[0*ones(p1,m2);c2],[d1;d2],x2,dom2)
|
46b51b70bafc704c4107e8caabe49cd57b39e71d | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /788/CH5/EX5.8.a/5_8_data.sci | 7ba16ff8cdd83d077ee317eb56f0de5b2e4720a2 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 266 | sci | 5_8_data.sci | // Aim:Refer Example 5-8 for Problem Description
// Given:
// Displacement volume:
Vd=5; //in^3
// Actual pump flow rate:
Qa=20; //gpm
// Speed of the pump:
N=1000; //rpm
// Pressure delivered by pump:
p=1000; //psi
// Prime mover input torque:
Ta=900; //in.lb
|
1e468be48b9e1166f2ede7ef17784b07eb3e988b | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /929/CH2/EX2.12.b/Example2_12_b.sce | e614e1ac4bbefe6aea293d62e91fd1ca963866c1 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 763 | sce | Example2_12_b.sce | //Example 2.12(b)
clear;
clc;
R0=100;//Data taken from Example 2.11
alpha=0.00392;//Data taken from Example 2.11
Vref=15;
Prtd=0.2*10^(-3);
i=(Prtd/R0)^(0.5)-(0.41*10^(-3));
R1=(Vref/i);
delta=alpha*1;//Fractional Deviation for 1 degree celsius change in temperature
s=0.1;//Output Voltage for 1 degree Celsius temperature change
A1=s*(2+(R1/R0)+(R0/R1));
A2=Vref*delta;
A=A1/A2;
dT=100;
d2=alpha*dT;
vO1num=A*Vref*d2;
vO1den=1+(R1/R0)+((1+(R0/R1))*(1+d2));
vO1=vO1num/vO1den;
vO2num=A*Vref*d2;
vO2den=(2+(R1/R0)+(R0/R1));
vO2=vO2num/vO2den;
vOchange=vO2-vO1;
printf("vO(100 deg Celsius)=%.3f V",vO1);
Tchange=vOchange/s;
printf("\nEquivalent Temperature Error=%.2f deg Celsius",Tchange); |
d0a6ab45fd007f191963858bfd06f1ed4eb425a3 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2120/CH6/EX6.21/ex6_21.sce | 5a334251500e21443f30f4d3823556a9e7853b4b | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 401 | sce | ex6_21.sce | //Exa 6.21
clc;
clear;
close;
// Given data
T_A= 927+273;// in K
T_B= 127+273;// in K
T_C= T_B;// in K
// Q_A= Q_B+Q_C+W = 2*Q_B+W (since Q_B=Q_C) (i)
// Q_A/T_A= Q_B/T_B+Q_C/T_C or
// Q_A= 2*Q_B*T_A/T_B (ii)
// From eq (i) and (ii)W= 2*Q_B*(T_A/T_B-1) (iii)
// Dividing (iii) by (ii)
WbyQ_A= (T_A/T_B-1)/(T_A/T_B);
disp(WbyQ_A*100,"The engine efficiency in % is : ")
|
f02920e424e729dbf5717c8f4d99bf674ad7b2eb | a3f79e93d5c39f8f45521c8afcbdc29b0ba4159b | /ProjetMap431/codes/question6.sce | a9530c5af9513bf60e6a30f6f43ad58e8f114cfd | [] | no_license | maroxe/SchoolProjects | e3a086461966f022356d952a4e4ee140c915a818 | 152a4a86ec7e04d713723607a2ec010008d7cbcf | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-21T02:35:44.285549 | 2015-07-10T12:09:01 | 2015-07-10T12:09:01 | 19,363,283 | 0 | 0 | null | 2014-11-25T12:34:41 | 2014-05-02T01:47:56 | TeX | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 201 | sce | question6.sce | exec('calcul2.sce',-1)
mu = 0.075
u_rb = resoudre2(mu)
u_mu = resoudre(mu)
plot2d(mailles, [u_rb u_mu], 1:2)
legend(["$u_\mu$"; "$u_{rb}$"])
f1=scf(1);
scf(f1);
plot(mailles, abs(u_mu-u_rb), 'b')
|
0d3cbd94fcf02662e4e4997c1a99dbef9668109e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2534/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce | 9f431e8edb33131bde81493b7d392d938a466e96 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 904 | sce | Ex7_8.sce | //Ex7_8
clc
VCC = 9
RC = 3*10^3
RB = 500*10^3
beta = 100
VBE = 0.7
disp("VCC = "+string(VCC)+"V")//collector supply voltage
disp("RC = "+string(RC)+"ohm")//collector resistance
disp("RB = "+string(RB)+"ohm")//base resistance
disp("beta = "+string(beta))//current gain
disp("VBE = "+string(VBE)+"V")//emitter-base voltage
//for a Fixed Bais Circuit;
IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB
disp("IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = "+string(IB)+"A")//base current
IC = beta*IB
disp("IC = beta*IB = "+string(IC)+"A")//collector current
VCE = VCC - IC*RC
disp("VCE = VCC - IC*RC = "+string(VCE)+"V")//collector-emitter voltage
disp("operating point is("+string(VCE)+"V, "+string(IC)+"A)")
S = 1+beta
disp("S = 1 + beta = "+string(S))//stability factor
// NOTE : in the textbook author has taken beta = 100 for calculation
// but has mention beta = 50 in Question
// I am working with beta = 100.
|
b098f4737b7be6130a87ffd493d75301f0a73f0d | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2024/CH7/EX7.4/7_4.sce | eb47ef54901b4a28549e67d09ff7cf789f9ef0d7 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 174 | sce | 7_4.sce | clc
//Initialization of variables
p=20 //psi
t=100+460 //R
R0=10.73
M=28
//calculations
rho=p/(R0/M *t)
//results
printf("density of nitrogen = %.4f lbm/ft^3",rho)
|
6dde3e6ee11b97b5a62506816d98ef5764e38fb7 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3401/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce | ed6e6fe849b9ed97566fbf47989c55d6d095da64 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 266 | sce | Ex4_1.sce | clc
T=300 //K
Nc=2.8*10^19 //cm^-3
k=8.617 *10^-5 //eV K^-1
//E=Ec
//a=Ec-Ef
a=-0.25
//fF(E)=1/(1+exp(Ec-Ef/kT)) =exp(-(Ec-Ef)/kT)
//b=k*T
//disp(b)
c=k*T
fFE=exp(a/c)
disp(fFE,"fF(E) value is=")
n0=Nc*exp(-a/(k*T))
disp(n0,"n0 value in cm^-3 is")
|
3674a75266b5576f8522af068c0ce0477aea0a6b | 6813325b126713766d9778d7665c10b5ba67227b | /Chapter5/Ch_5_Eg_5.9.sce | 365bb897a16b4d7e73c914d42f15c87655ad0f13 | [] | no_license | arvindrachna/Introduction_to_Scilab | 955b2063b3faa33a855d18ac41ed7e0e3ab6bd1f | 9ca5d6be99e0536ba1c08a7a1bf4ba64620ec140 | refs/heads/master | 2020-03-15T19:26:52.964755 | 2018-05-31T04:49:57 | 2018-05-31T04:49:57 | 132,308,878 | 1 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 386 | sce | Ch_5_Eg_5.9.sce | // To plot various types of logarithmic plots
a=1:.01:3;
x=a.^2;
y=exp (-x);
subplot (2,2,1); plot2d(x,y)
xtitle ("(a) Nornal plot");
subplot (2,2,2); plot2d("nl",x,y);
xtitle ("(b) y-axis in logarithmic scale");
subplot (2,2,3); plot2d("ll",x,y);
xtitle ("(c) Both axes in logarithmic scale");
subplot (2,2,4); plot2d("ln",x,y);
xtitle ("(d) x-axis in logarithmic scale");
|
16fe1d6180614029a6f584282d2340904ab47e85 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2102/CH6/EX6.12/exa_6_12.sce | 8ce3d0e1dd1a100835d17e389af3fa65b9abc4a2 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 649 | sce | exa_6_12.sce | // Exa 6.12
clc;
clear;
close;
// Given data
R_G= 1;// in MΩ
R_G= R_G*10^6;// in Ω
V_DD= 24;// in V
R_D= 56;// in kΩ
R_D=R_D*10^3;// in Ω
Rs= 4;// kΩ
Rs= Rs*10^3;// in Ω
// Part (a)
I_DSS= 1;// in mA
I_DSS= I_DSS*10^-3;// in A
V_P= -1;// in V
V_D= 10;// in V
I_D= (V_DD-V_D)/R_D;// in A
// I_D= I_DSS*(1-V_GS/V_P)^2;// in A
V_GS= V_P*(1-sqrt(I_D/I_DSS));// in V
R1= abs(V_GS)/I_D;// in Ω
disp(R1*10^-3,"The value of R1 in kΩ is : ")
// Part (b)
gmo= -2*I_DSS/V_P;// A/V
gm= gmo*(1-(V_GS)/V_P);// A/V;
Ri= R_G/(1-gm*Rs/(1+gm*Rs)*Rs/(Rs+R1));// in Ω
disp(Ri*10^-6,"The effective input impedence in MΩ is :")
|
ab2ef4bd7f7253aee9c61f524194ebcb4af05706 | 52240bb861a2376a293189aea64b43507acb61f0 | /math.tst | cc1bd62a06cf5ffd80d74c90e29e7deddd3547d8 | [] | no_license | vishnureddy997/Devops | 78ee8838d445fecb83b837d096f4d4433cb65747 | 1402365652c53ae2ec24746526135eb0cd0f8b45 | refs/heads/main | 2023-06-23T03:33:44.808591 | 2021-07-22T05:03:49 | 2021-07-22T05:03:49 | 388,110,214 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 18 | tst | math.tst | This is my system
|
2bae6d293665f51624c9088b34b62170c770de8f | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /964/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.sce | ee9e6065de1c14cfc6d84c81698d96fb20a0e5ef | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 423 | sce | 6_11.sce | clc;
clear;
function z=u(x,y)
z=x^2+x*y-10
endfunction
function z=v(x,y)
z=y+3*x*y^2-57
endfunction
x=1.5;
y=3.5;
e=[100 100];
while e(1)>0.0001 & e(2)>0.0001
J=[2*x+y x; 3*y^2 1+6*x*y];
deter=determ(J);
u1=u(x,y);
v1=v(x,y);
x=x-((u1*J(2,2)-v1*J(1,2))/deter);
y=y-((v1*J(1,1)-u1*J(2,1))/deter);
e(1)=abs(2-x);
e(2)=abs(3-y);
end
bracket=[x y];
disp(bracket)
|
d35ffbbb08fa62f8f5bf41aff05ccf7c933bbb4b | 089894a36ef33cb3d0f697541716c9b6cd8dcc43 | /NLP_Project/test/tweet/bow/bow.8_11.tst | cc727adcc3a93e29241b439563918a4ef7f0261c | [] | no_license | mandar15/NLP_Project | 3142cda82d49ba0ea30b580c46bdd0e0348fe3ec | 1dcb70a199a0f7ab8c72825bfd5b8146e75b7ec2 | refs/heads/master | 2020-05-20T13:36:05.842840 | 2013-07-31T06:53:59 | 2013-07-31T06:53:59 | 6,534,406 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 25,045 | tst | bow.8_11.tst | 8 13:0.25 24:0.5 25:0.3333333333333333 40:0.2 49:4.0 65:1.0 76:0.3333333333333333 77:1.0 88:0.5 90:0.6666666666666666 106:0.16666666666666666 123:0.014925373134328358 156:0.5 162:1.0 187:1.0 303:1.0 331:1.0 420:1.0 639:0.5 700:1.0 798:0.5 991:1.0 1167:1.0 1216:0.5 1217:1.0 1315:1.0 1318:1.0 1398:2.0 2135:1.0 2418:1.0 2581:1.0 3196:1.0 3447:1.0 4383:1.0 5364:1.0 5562:1.0 6219:0.3333333333333333 6376:1.0
8 6:0.5 24:1.0 34:0.14285714285714285 47:1.0 49:1.0 88:0.75 98:0.25 106:0.16666666666666666 123:0.014925373134328358 286:1.0 297:1.0 376:1.0 402:1.0 404:1.0 472:0.2 944:1.0 991:1.0 1051:1.0 1066:1.0 1081:1.0 1229:1.0 1256:1.0 1261:1.0 2296:1.0 3599:1.0 3885:1.0 4485:1.0 4517:1.0 6057:1.0 6770:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 20:0.16666666666666666 40:0.2 49:1.0 90:0.6666666666666666 123:0.014925373134328358 142:0.5 143:1.0 176:1.0 210:1.0 303:1.0 373:0.2 388:1.0 452:0.5 533:0.5 639:0.5 989:0.3333333333333333 1498:1.0 1706:1.0 2054:1.0 2384:1.0 3114:0.5 4421:1.0
8 13:0.25 23:0.6666666666666666 24:0.5 25:0.16666666666666666 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.2 34:0.14285714285714285 79:1.0 88:0.25 107:0.3333333333333333 123:0.014925373134328358 133:0.125 135:1.0 186:1.0 220:0.3333333333333333 226:1.0 227:1.0 303:1.0 330:1.0 373:0.4 492:0.125 585:0.5 737:1.0 893:1.0 1014:1.0 1371:0.3333333333333333 1480:1.0 1766:1.0 1867:0.3333333333333333 2476:1.0 7264:1.0
8 6:0.5 7:0.1111111111111111 20:0.16666666666666666 23:0.3333333333333333 25:0.16666666666666666 32:0.4 49:1.0 76:0.3333333333333333 90:0.3333333333333333 123:0.014925373134328358 135:1.0 156:0.5 179:0.2 203:0.2 229:0.5 264:1.0 388:1.0 776:1.0 996:0.5 1151:1.0 1167:1.0 1326:1.0 1489:0.2 1863:0.5 2360:1.0 2544:1.0 5435:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 20:0.16666666666666666 24:0.5 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.2 40:0.2 49:1.0 88:0.5 103:0.5 107:0.3333333333333333 124:0.5 175:0.5 203:0.2 210:1.0 282:1.0 302:1.0 453:1.0 459:0.06666666666666667 607:1.0 634:1.0 639:0.5 759:1.0 798:0.5 921:1.0 1249:1.0 2418:1.0 2730:1.0 3237:1.0 3488:1.0 4303:1.0 6502:1.0
8 7:0.4444444444444444 25:0.08333333333333333 38:1.0 40:0.4 43:1.0 45:1.0 76:1.0 80:1.0 88:0.25 137:0.25 171:0.25 176:1.0 229:0.5 298:1.0 324:1.0 329:1.0 460:0.3333333333333333 593:1.0 663:1.0 700:1.0 787:1.0 847:1.0 1286:1.0 1324:1.0 4255:1.0
8 11:0.2 25:0.08333333333333333 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.2 49:2.0 79:1.0 80:1.0 88:0.5 90:0.3333333333333333 130:1.0 190:1.0 265:1.0 272:1.0 282:1.0 317:1.0 351:0.5 373:0.2 597:0.5 690:0.5 720:0.5 1495:1.0 1620:1.0 2581:1.0 3599:1.0 3837:1.0 4680:1.0 5115:1.0 6502:1.0 7023:1.0
8 7:0.2222222222222222 25:0.08333333333333333 32:0.2 49:2.0 174:1.0 245:0.3333333333333333 388:1.0 492:0.125 590:1.0 825:1.0 932:1.0 1127:1.0 1186:1.0 1411:0.3333333333333333 1551:1.0 2080:0.5 6093:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 23:0.3333333333333333 24:1.0 25:0.08333333333333333 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.2 34:0.14285714285714285 40:0.2 49:2.0 88:0.25 90:0.3333333333333333 123:0.014925373134328358 142:0.5 159:0.25 177:0.3333333333333333 186:1.0 239:0.25 303:1.0 373:0.2 459:0.06666666666666667 507:0.5 639:0.5 720:0.5 882:1.0 960:1.0 1465:1.0 2065:1.0 3331:1.0 3465:1.0 7199:1.0 8431:1.0
8 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.08333333333333333 49:1.0 88:0.5 90:0.3333333333333333 130:1.0 138:1.0 167:0.08333333333333333 181:0.5 359:1.0 373:0.2 388:2.0 393:1.0 398:0.06666666666666667 462:1.0 492:0.125 1303:0.5 1408:1.0 1964:1.0 2571:1.0 5964:1.0 8064:1.0
8 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.16666666666666666 34:0.14285714285714285 49:1.0 76:0.3333333333333333 117:1.0 121:1.0 297:1.0 335:1.0 388:2.0 398:0.06666666666666667 420:1.0 1415:0.5 1470:1.0 2811:1.0 3196:1.0 3988:1.0
8 25:0.08333333333333333 31:0.14285714285714285 34:0.14285714285714285 49:1.0 88:0.25 90:0.3333333333333333 103:0.5 123:0.04477611940298507 210:1.0 224:1.0 259:1.0 329:1.0 385:1.0 420:1.0 459:0.06666666666666667 486:0.3333333333333333 639:0.5 700:1.0 741:1.0 1406:0.5 2427:1.0 2888:1.0 3074:1.0 3657:1.0 5850:1.0 6219:0.3333333333333333
8 25:0.08333333333333333 40:0.2 49:1.0 88:0.25 123:0.014925373134328358 171:0.25 179:0.2 229:0.5 259:1.0 388:1.0 389:1.0 393:1.0 398:0.06666666666666667 447:0.5 478:1.0 492:0.125 872:1.0 996:0.5 1982:1.0 2319:1.0 3336:1.0 4146:1.0
8 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.25 49:1.0 76:0.6666666666666666 98:0.25 106:0.16666666666666666 121:1.0 123:0.014925373134328358 190:1.0 203:0.2 239:0.25 297:1.0 303:2.0 304:1.0 388:1.0 447:0.5 486:0.3333333333333333 492:0.125 567:1.0 677:1.0 697:1.0 704:0.25 718:0.3333333333333333 1150:0.14285714285714285 1271:1.0 1460:1.0 2356:1.0 2405:1.0 4205:1.0 7728:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 14:0.25 24:0.5 34:0.14285714285714285 88:0.5 90:0.6666666666666666 234:0.2 245:0.3333333333333333 331:1.0 373:0.2 460:0.3333333333333333 514:1.0 573:0.2 1344:1.0 1407:1.0 2707:1.0 2882:1.0 3968:1.0 4600:1.0 5127:2.0
8 24:0.5 46:0.5 133:0.125 175:0.5 181:0.5 1201:1.0 2098:0.3333333333333333 4059:1.0 4244:1.0 5361:0.25
8 31:0.14285714285714285 76:0.3333333333333333 90:0.3333333333333333 126:1.0 139:1.0 163:0.16666666666666666 282:1.0 328:1.0 345:1.0 745:0.5 787:1.0 882:1.0 1303:0.5 1973:1.0 2108:1.0 2625:1.0 3810:1.0 4410:1.0 5104:1.0 7012:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 13:0.25 32:0.2 88:0.25 90:0.3333333333333333 123:0.029850746268656716 133:0.25 144:1.0 162:1.0 175:0.5 215:1.0 473:0.5 531:0.25 690:0.5 697:1.0 1371:0.3333333333333333 2238:1.0 2625:1.0 2835:0.3333333333333333 3061:1.0
8 25:0.08333333333333333 31:0.14285714285714285 49:1.0 88:0.25 123:0.014925373134328358 131:1.0 210:1.0 398:0.06666666666666667 659:1.0 1208:0.3333333333333333 2213:0.5 3100:1.0 3649:0.5 5160:1.0 5435:1.0 6053:1.0
8 6:0.5 7:0.1111111111111111 24:0.5 40:0.4 68:0.1111111111111111 123:0.014925373134328358 124:0.5 210:1.0 459:0.06666666666666667 530:0.5 769:1.0 978:1.0 1014:1.0 1167:1.0 1451:1.0 1713:1.0 2095:1.0 2576:1.0 2582:1.0 2583:1.0
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8 15:0.5 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.16666666666666666 32:0.4 40:0.2 90:0.3333333333333333 282:1.0 300:1.0 337:1.0 425:1.0 486:0.3333333333333333 492:0.125 506:0.5 520:1.0 787:1.0 797:1.0 825:1.0 931:1.0 1186:1.0 1421:1.0 1505:1.0 1681:1.0 1714:1.0 2485:1.0 2499:1.0 2500:1.0 2866:1.0 3968:1.0 5404:1.0 8596:2.0
8 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.08333333333333333 49:1.0 81:1.0 82:1.0 88:0.5 123:0.014925373134328358 127:0.5 176:1.0 218:1.0 220:0.3333333333333333 259:1.0 412:0.5 443:0.16666666666666666 447:0.5 958:0.5 1498:1.0 1532:1.0 1888:1.0 2328:1.0 4444:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 40:0.4 88:0.25 123:0.014925373134328358 171:0.25 175:0.5 208:1.0 282:1.0 303:1.0 328:1.0 329:1.0 388:1.0 459:0.06666666666666667 492:0.125 576:2.0 894:1.0 1336:1.0 1348:0.3333333333333333 1713:1.0 3209:1.0
8 31:0.14285714285714285 49:1.0 123:0.014925373134328358 220:0.3333333333333333 238:0.16666666666666666 280:1.0 282:1.0 308:0.1111111111111111 447:0.5 459:0.06666666666666667 473:0.5 492:0.125 504:1.0 683:1.0 848:1.0 1013:1.0 1327:1.0 1331:1.0 1615:1.0 1882:1.0 3228:1.0 3432:1.0 3462:1.0
8 10:1.0 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.08333333333333333 49:1.0 90:0.3333333333333333 92:1.0 167:0.08333333333333333 506:0.5 901:1.0 918:1.0 989:0.3333333333333333 1022:1.0 1553:1.0 2065:1.0 2623:1.0 2714:1.0 2993:1.0 3148:1.0 4811:1.0
8 24:0.5 31:0.42857142857142855 32:0.2 49:1.0 103:0.5 123:0.014925373134328358 187:1.0 190:1.0 259:1.0 329:1.0 486:0.3333333333333333 492:0.125 585:0.5 697:1.0 1406:0.5 1867:0.3333333333333333 2853:1.0 3071:1.0 3403:1.0 3690:1.0 6057:1.0 7460:1.0
8 6:0.5 7:0.1111111111111111 23:0.3333333333333333 25:0.08333333333333333 43:1.0 44:0.5 49:1.0 88:0.25 90:0.3333333333333333 123:0.014925373134328358 171:0.25 176:1.0 181:0.5 259:1.0 303:1.0 388:1.0 393:1.0 423:1.0 424:1.0 606:0.3333333333333333 674:1.0 1407:1.0 2270:1.0 2325:1.0 4425:1.0 4880:1.0 5186:1.0 5914:1.0
8 25:0.3333333333333333 32:0.2 49:1.0 73:1.0 76:0.3333333333333333 123:0.014925373134328358 133:0.125 186:2.0 229:0.5 259:1.0 304:1.0 398:0.06666666666666667 472:0.2 576:1.0 1025:1.0 1186:1.0 2108:1.0 5442:1.0 6712:1.0 8508:1.0
8 13:0.5 25:0.08333333333333333 32:0.2 34:0.14285714285714285 40:0.2 88:0.25 90:0.6666666666666666 123:0.04477611940298507 124:0.5 195:0.5 281:1.0 303:1.0 308:0.1111111111111111 372:2.0 396:0.5 398:0.06666666666666667 486:0.3333333333333333 731:1.0 771:1.0 1254:0.5 3278:1.0 4340:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 14:0.25 20:0.16666666666666666 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.4 49:2.0 123:0.014925373134328358 179:0.2 259:1.0 265:1.0 282:1.0 328:1.0 360:1.0 377:1.0 388:1.0 398:0.06666666666666667 426:0.5 544:0.5 662:1.0 690:0.5 1134:1.0 1135:1.0 1167:1.0
8 127:0.5 245:0.3333333333333333 329:1.0 1656:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 24:1.0 25:0.08333333333333333 103:0.5 159:0.25 167:0.08333333333333333 213:1.0 263:1.0 282:1.0 337:1.0 473:0.5 799:1.0 875:1.0 1249:1.0 2687:1.0 3112:1.0 5235:1.0
8 24:1.0 25:0.25 31:0.14285714285714285 32:0.2 73:1.0 90:0.6666666666666666 103:0.5 373:0.2 437:1.0 447:0.5 700:1.0 823:1.0 1406:0.5 2073:1.0 2111:1.0 2241:1.0 2840:1.0 3888:1.0 4146:1.0 4951:1.0 5138:1.0
8 25:0.4166666666666667 32:0.2 40:0.2 49:3.0 68:0.1111111111111111 80:1.0 107:0.3333333333333333 135:2.0 163:0.16666666666666666 235:1.0 293:0.5 328:1.0 388:1.0 391:0.3333333333333333 398:0.06666666666666667 473:0.5 639:0.5 662:2.0 731:1.0 980:1.0 1104:1.0 1277:1.0 1903:1.0 2062:1.0 3199:1.0 3237:1.0 4001:1.0 4606:1.0 7158:1.0 7543:1.0 7976:1.0
8 32:0.4 40:0.2 68:0.1111111111111111 76:0.3333333333333333 80:1.0 123:0.014925373134328358 167:0.16666666666666666 257:1.0 287:0.3333333333333333 337:1.0 351:0.5 447:0.5 552:0.5 654:1.0 683:1.0 958:0.5 1043:2.0 1167:1.0 1221:1.0 1298:0.5 1401:1.0 1435:1.0 1687:1.0 1863:0.5 3176:1.0 4163:2.0 4861:1.0
8 7:0.1111111111111111 11:0.2 20:0.16666666666666666 24:0.5 25:0.08333333333333333 31:0.2857142857142857 32:0.6 34:0.14285714285714285 47:1.0 49:1.0 88:0.5 171:0.25 179:0.2 190:1.0 195:0.5 243:0.14285714285714285 245:0.3333333333333333 254:1.0 325:1.0 363:1.0 388:1.0 391:0.3333333333333333 685:1.0 797:1.0 894:1.0 1249:1.0 1406:0.5 1511:1.0 1903:1.0 1957:1.0 2347:1.0 2357:1.0 3112:1.0 3339:1.0
8 11:0.2 20:0.16666666666666666 25:0.16666666666666666 49:2.0 62:0.5 73:1.0 90:0.3333333333333333 106:0.16666666666666666 117:1.0 133:0.25 190:1.0 235:1.0 324:1.0 388:2.0 434:0.5 512:1.0 611:0.3333333333333333 619:1.0 715:1.0 909:0.5 1298:0.5 1303:0.5 1348:0.3333333333333333 1666:1.0 1957:1.0 2189:1.0 2806:1.0 3180:1.0 3181:1.0 3410:1.0 3791:1.0 5946:1.0
8 7:0.2222222222222222 9:1.0 23:0.6666666666666666 25:0.3333333333333333 40:0.2 179:0.2 220:0.3333333333333333 264:1.0 282:1.0 297:1.0 388:1.0 662:1.0 794:0.2 1821:1.0 2903:1.0 3267:1.0 3295:1.0 3599:1.0 6788:1.0
|
db41a73fd05c8720f9677fb38ea73940017f0706 | 8217f7986187902617ad1bf89cb789618a90dd0a | /source/2.3.1/examples/link-examples/ext10f.sce | b65ef36fd7ce0cd64b33fc561de886b042aad944 | [
"LicenseRef-scancode-warranty-disclaimer",
"LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain",
"MIT"
] | permissive | clg55/Scilab-Workbench | 4ebc01d2daea5026ad07fbfc53e16d4b29179502 | 9f8fd29c7f2a98100fa9aed8b58f6768d24a1875 | refs/heads/master | 2023-05-31T04:06:22.931111 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 258,270,193 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 230 | sce | ext10f.sce | //Passing a parameter to argument funtion of ode
host('make /tmp/ext10f.o');
param=[0.04,10000,3d+7];
link('/tmp/ext10f.o','ext10f')
y=ode([1;0;0],0,[0.4,4],'ext10f')
//param must be defined as a scilab variable upon calling ode
|
e8900ced600c312f1bbb61a94555b1c040f9e780 | 4c8d23c985173e2d61690fc050e23047a1296c6f | /desktop/org/mathpiper/mpreduce/packages/assert/assert.tst | 066a6986b54135ff8d40ef7b40aec0f9e80ae5b9 | [] | no_license | JMCC-123/geogebra | 727ac505e9b4410539e3d16caf0db3fda635366c | 09909307501e75326ac016caf0886e909d24e622 | refs/heads/master | 2023-03-15T10:11:50.915102 | 2013-03-01T14:32:50 | 2013-03-01T14:32:50 | null | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 416 | tst | assert.tst | symbolic;
struct any;
struct number checked by numberp;
struct sf checked by sfpx;
struct sq checked by sqp;
declare hugo: (number,any) -> number;
procedure hugo(x1,x2);
x2;
assert_install hugo;
hugo(0,0);
hugo('x,0);
hugo(0,'x);
declare addf: (sf,sf) -> sf;
declare addsq: (sq,sq) -> sq;
assert_install addf,addsq;
addsq(simp 'x,numr simp 'x);
algebraic;
assert_analyze();
assert_uninstall_all;
end;
|
8cb4216c38626896d2df14b11c433ef4afd75c76 | 5f838df28ada5a3bbd5be4c69902b9df4dbffacb | /fir_design.sce | dd4e7c693d46d38c9cf6abb4d5d2764757295d05 | [] | no_license | Sai-Sumedh/filter_design_180070024 | dca29c7b95cb43421e1577af3673f29df3a83251 | c8348c85b515e9d987404c335f52150933512405 | refs/heads/main | 2023-01-14T05:11:25.601573 | 2020-11-12T18:44:36 | 2020-11-12T18:44:36 | 312,361,627 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 8,238 | sce | fir_design.sce | // code to design the FIR filters
// ideal_BPF = ideal_LPF1 - ideal_LPF_2 with appropriate cutoff frequencies
// get the impulse response of ideal_BPF and then use window (rectangular)
// use functions defined to get all results
// first, common parameters for both filters
M = 37; // my filter design number
delta = 0.15; // tolerance in passband and stopband
B_tran = 4e3; // transition bandwidth in Hz
//...................................................
// parameters specific to the two filters
// Filter 1: A Bandpass filter
B_signal_analog_1 = 160e3; // bw of analog signal, inconsequential
F_sampling_1 = 330e3; // sampling frequency in Hz for filter 1
filter_type_1 = 'bpf';
filter_nature_2 = 'bu';
//...................................................
// Filter 2: Band Stop filter
B_signal_analog_2 = 120e3; //analog signal BW in Hz
F_sampling_2 = 260e3; // Sampling frequency in Hz
filter_type_2 = 'bsf';
filter_nature_2 = 'ch';
//..................................................
// Normalized filter specifications
criticalf_1 = un_norm_filter_edges(M, B_tran, filter_type_1);
criticalf_2 = un_norm_filter_edges(M, B_tran, filter_type_2);
//disp("Un-normalized Filter_1 (BPF) Specifications [fs1, fp1, fp2, fs2]:");
//disp(criticalf_1);
//disp("Un-normalized Filter_2 (BSF) Specifications [fp1, fs1, fs2, fp2]:");
//disp(criticalf_2);
criticalw_1 = get_critical_w(M, filter_type_1, B_tran, F_sampling_1);
criticalw_2 = get_critical_w(M, filter_type_2, B_tran, F_sampling_2);
//disp("Normalized Filter_1 (BPF) Specifications [ws1, wp1, wp2, ws2]:");
//disp(criticalw_1);
//disp("Normalized Filter_2 (BSF) Specifications [wp1, ws1, ws2, wp2]:");
//disp(criticalw_2);
//......................................................
A = -20*log10(delta);
//disp("The value of A")
//disp(A)
del_wt_1 = criticalw_1(2)-criticalw_1(1);
del_wt_2 = criticalw_2(2)-criticalw_2(1);
//disp("Transition BW Filter 1:")
//disp(del_wt_1)
//disp("Transition BW Filter 2:")
//disp(del_wt_2)
l_min_1 = 1 + (A-8)/(2.285*del_wt_1); //=49.7
l_min_2 = 1 + (A-8)/(2.285*del_wt_2);//=39.4
addi_1 = 15;
addi_2 = 13;
len_trial_1 = ceil(l_min_1)+addi_1; // =50+addi_1 =65 for satisfying criteria
len_trial_2 = ceil(l_min_2)+addi_2; // =40+addi_2 = 53 for satisfying criteria
N_1 = (len_trial_1-1)/2; // 32
N_2 = (len_trial_2-1)/2; //26
//disp("Minimum length for Filter 1:")
//disp(l_min_1)
//disp("Minimum length for Filter 2:")
//disp(l_min_2)
n_max = 1000; // max time points (on each side of 0, ie num points =2n+1) to be working with, even for ideal filters
n_axis = -n_max:n_max;
w_axis = -3.14:0.001:3.14;
// FILTER1: BPF
w_cutoff_low_filter1 = (criticalw_1(2) + criticalw_1(1))/2 ;
w_cutoff_high_filter1 = (criticalw_1(3) + criticalw_1(4))/2;
// middle of transition band
w_cutoff_low_filter2 = (criticalw_2(2) + criticalw_2(1))/2;
w_cutoff_high_filter2 = (criticalw_2(3) + criticalw_2(4))/2;
// obtain ideal LPF response for LPF with wp=wp2, wp1 and subtract
h_ideal_wp2_filter1 = impulse_response_ideal_lpf(w_cutoff_high_filter1, n_max);
h_ideal_wp1_filter1 = impulse_response_ideal_lpf(w_cutoff_low_filter1, n_max);
h_ideal_bpf_filter1 = h_ideal_wp2_filter1 - h_ideal_wp1_filter1;
h_ideal_wp2_filter2 = impulse_response_ideal_lpf(w_cutoff_high_filter2, n_max);
h_ideal_wp1_filter2 = impulse_response_ideal_lpf(w_cutoff_low_filter2, n_max);
h_ideal_delta_filter2 = impulse_response_ideal_lpf(%pi, n_max);
h_ideal_bsf_filter2 = h_ideal_delta_filter2-(h_ideal_wp2_filter2 - h_ideal_wp1_filter2);
// constant - bpf = bsf
//plot(n_axis, h_ideal_bpf_filter1);
//xlabel("n");
//ylabel("h[n] for ideal BPF")
//title("Ideal BPF impulse response Filter 1")
H_bpf_ideal = freq_transform(n_axis, w_axis, h_ideal_bpf_filter1);
//plot(w_axis, abs(H_bpf_ideal));
H_bsf_ideal = freq_transform(n_axis, w_axis, h_ideal_bsf_filter2);
//plot(w_axis, abs(H_bsf_ideal));
//............................................
// obtain the windowed Finite impulse response
h_bpf_windowed = apply_window_h_ideal(h_ideal_bpf_filter1, N_1);
//plot(n_axis(n_max-80:n_max+80),h_bpf_windowed(n_max-80:n_max+80));
//xlabel("n");
//ylabel("h_windowed[n]");
//title("Filter 1 (BPF) Impulse response after windowing ");
//disp("Impulse response after applying window Filter1: BPF");
nonzero_indices_h_bpf_win = find(h_bpf_windowed);
samples_h_bpf = h_bpf_windowed(nonzero_indices_h_bpf_win);
//disp(samples_h_bpf);
n_axis_reduced = -N_1:N_1;
z = poly(0,'z');
assert_checkequal(length(n_axis_reduced), length(samples_h_bpf));
H_z_bpf = sum( samples_h_bpf.*(z^(-n_axis_reduced)));
//disp("H(z) for Filter 1 BPF :");
//disp(H_z_bpf);
name_1 = "FIR Bandpass Filter: Kaiser-Window ";
//plot_H_z(H_z_bpf, criticalw_1, delta,name_1);
h_bsf_windowed = apply_window_h_ideal(h_ideal_bsf_filter2, N_2);
//plot(n_axis(n_max-80:n_max+80),h_bsf_windowed(n_max-80:n_max+80));
//xlabel("n");
//ylabel("h_windowed[n]");
//title("Filter 2 (BSF) Impulse response after windowing ");
//title("Impulse response - windowed Filter 2 BSF");
//disp("Impulse response after applying window Filter2: BSF");
nonzero_indices_h_bsf_win = find(h_bsf_windowed);
samples_h_bsf = h_bsf_windowed(nonzero_indices_h_bsf_win);
//disp(samples_h_bsf);
n_axis_reduced_bsf = -N_2:N_2;
//z = poly(0,'z');
assert_checkequal(length(n_axis_reduced_bsf), length(samples_h_bsf));
H_z_bsf = sum( samples_h_bsf.*(z^(-n_axis_reduced_bsf)));
name_2 = "FIR Bandstop Filter: Kaiser Window ";
//plot_H_z(H_z_bsf, criticalw_2, delta, name_2);
//disp("H(z) for Filter 2 BSF :");
//disp(H_z_bsf);
// look at freq spectrum of windowed function
//H_bpf_windowed = freq_transform(n_axis, w_axis, h_bpf_windowed);
//plot(w_axis, abs(H_bpf_windowed));
//
//set(gca(),"auto_clear","off");
//plot(w_axis,(1+delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(w_axis,(1-delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(w_axis,(delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(criticalw_1(1)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bpf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_1(2)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bpf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_1(3)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bpf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_1(4)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bpf_windowed),':');
w_axis_new = 0.001:0.001:3.14;
H_bpf_windowed = freq_transform(n_axis, w_axis_new, h_bpf_windowed);
//bode(w_axis_new, H_bpf_windowed);
mag_bpf = abs(H_bpf_windowed);
phase_bpf = abs(atan(imag(H_bpf_windowed), real(H_bpf_windowed))); // tan-1(y/x)
//h1 = gca();
//plot(w_axis_new, mag_bpf, 'r');
////legend(["|H(w)|"]);
//xlabel("w (normalized frequency)");
//ylabel("|H(w)|", "color",'r');
//h2 = newaxes();
//plot(w_axis_new, phase_bpf);
//h2.filled="off";
//h2.y_location="right";
//ylabel("argH(w)", "color",'b')
//set(gca(),"auto_clear","off");
////legends(["|H(w)|";"arg(H(w))"]);
//title("FIR Filter-1 (BPF) Frequency Response")
H_bsf_windowed = freq_transform(n_axis, w_axis_new, h_bsf_windowed);
mag_bsf = abs(H_bsf_windowed);
phase_bsf = abs(atan(imag(H_bsf_windowed), real(H_bsf_windowed))); // tan-1(y/x)
h1 = gca();
plot(w_axis_new, mag_bsf, 'r');
//legend(["|H(w)|"]);
xlabel("w (normalized frequency)");
ylabel("|H(w)|", "color",'r');
h2 = newaxes();
plot(w_axis_new, phase_bsf);
h2.filled="off";
h2.y_location="right";
ylabel("argH(w)", "color",'b')
set(gca(),"auto_clear","off");
//legends(["|H(w)|";"arg(H(w))"]);
title("FIR Filter-2 (BSF) Frequency Response");
//plot(w_axis, abs(H_bsf_windowed));
//
//set(gca(),"auto_clear","off");
//plot(w_axis,(1+delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(w_axis,(1-delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(w_axis,(delta)*ones(1,length(w_axis)),':'); // horizontal line at 1
//plot(criticalw_2(1)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bsf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_2(2)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bsf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_2(3)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bsf_windowed),':');
//plot(criticalw_2(4)*ones(1, length(w_axis)), abs(H_bsf_windowed),':');
|
1beb1b5cfdf72409d92bb979e5f28240a3a6c181 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2510/CH15/EX15.15/Ex15_15.sce | d635dbd846d776468a0a5762b5d9b6a2d694f9cd | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 561 | sce | Ex15_15.sce | //Variable declaration:
Q = 12700.0 //Heat transfer rate (W)
Ud = 2220.0 //Dirty overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m^2.K)
DTlm = 47.0 //Log mean difference temperature (u00b0C)
rii = 0.013 //Inner radius of inner %pipe of the double %pipe heat exchanger (m)
//Calculation:
A = Q/(Ud*DTlm) //Heat transfer area (m^2)
L = A/(2*%pi*rii) //Tube length (m)
//Result:
printf("The heat transfer area is : %.4f m^2.",A)
printf("The length of the heat exchanger is : %.2f m.",L)
|
7b82b4b4fa70138a3217cf1a9bbbafe05ed4d70a | d963a50c09b7380dd7b1b97cd9997e9bd17ea8f3 | /r37/packages/cali/cali.tst | 11b67baa5cb40cfc3246ae2e5f0792a73b7a4538 | [
"BSD-3-Clause"
] | permissive | reduce-algebra/reduce-historical | 8220e211b116e0e01ff1a38f51917cac9db6069f | e014152729c4d62bb1ce4f5c311a027042a5495a | refs/heads/master | 2023-04-10T22:54:00.796596 | 2021-04-16T08:52:19 | 2021-04-16T08:52:19 | 343,245,204 | 7 | 1 | NOASSERTION | 2021-04-16T08:53:31 | 2021-03-01T00:15:22 | TeX | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 17,686 | tst | cali.tst | % Author H.-G. Graebe | Univ. Leipzig | Version 28.6.1995
% graebe@informatik.uni-leipzig.de
COMMENT
This is an example session demonstrating and testing the facilities
offered by the commutative algebra package CALI.
END COMMENT;
algebraic;
on echo;
off nat; % To make it easier to compare differing output.
showtime;
comment
####################################
### ###
### Introductory Examples ###
### ###
####################################
end comment;
% Example 1 : Generating ideals of affine and projective points.
vars:={t,x,y,z};
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
mm:=mat((1,1,1,1),(3,2,3,1),(2,1,3,2));
% The ideal with zero set at the point in A^4 with coordinates
% equal to the row vectors of mm :
setideal(m1,affine_points mm);
% All parameters are as they should be :
dim m1;
degree m1;
groebfactor m1;
resolve m1$
bettinumbers m1;
% The ideal with zero set at the point in P^3 with homogeneous
% coordinates equal to the row vectors of mm :
setideal(m2,proj_points mm);
% All parameters as they should be ?
dim m2;
degree m2;
groebfactor m2;
% It seems to be prime ?
isprime m2;
% Not, of course, but it is known to be unmixed.
% Hence we can use
easyprimarydecomposition m2;
% Example 2 :
% The affine monomial curve with generic point (t^7,t^9,t^10).
setideal(m,affine_monomial_curve({7,9,10},{x,y,z}));
% The base ring was changed as side effect :
getring();
vars:=first getring m;
% Some advanced commutative algebra :
% The analytic spread of m.
analytic_spread m;
% The Rees ring Rees_R(vars) over R=S/m.
rees:=blowup(m,vars,{u,v,w});
% It is multihomogeneous wrt. the degree vectors, constructed during
% blow up. Lets compute weighted Hilbert series :
setideal(rees,rees)$
weights:=second getring();
weightedhilbertseries(gbasis rees,weights);
% gr_R(vars), the associated graded ring of the irrelevant ideal
% over R. The short way.
interreduce sub(x=0,y=0,z=0,rees);
% The long (and more general) way. Gives the result in another
% embedding.
% Restore the base ring, since it was changed by blowup as a side
% effect.
setring getring m$
assgrad(m,vars,{u,v,w});
% Comparing the Rees algebra and the symmetric algebra of M :
setring getring m$
setideal(rees,blowup({},m,{a,b,c}));
% Lets test weighted Hilbert series once more :
weights:=second getring();
weightedhilbertseries(gbasis rees,weights);
% The symmetric algebra :
setring getring m$
setideal(sym,sym(m,{a,b,c}));
modequalp(rees,sym);
% Symbolic powers :
setring getring m$
setideal(m2,idealpower(m,2));
% Let's compute a second symbolic power :
setideal(m3,symbolic_power(m,2));
% It is different from the ordinary second power.
% Hence m2 has a trivial component.
modequalp(m2,m3);
% Test x for non zero divisor property :
nzdp(x,m2);
nzdp(x,m3);
% Here is the primary decomposition :
pd:=primarydecomposition m2;
% Compare the result with m2 :
setideal(m4,matintersect(first first pd, first second pd));
modequalp(m2,m4);
% Compare the result with m3 :
setideal(m4,first first pd)$
modequalp(m3,m4);
% The trivial component can also be removed with a stable
% quotient computation :
setideal(m5,matstabquot(m2,vars))$
modequalp(m3,m5);
% Example 3 : The Macaulay curve.
setideal(m,proj_monomial_curve({0,1,3,4},{w,x,y,z}));
vars:=first getring();
gbasis m;
% Test whether m is prime :
isprime m;
% A resolution of m :
resolve m;
% m has depth = 1 as can be seen from the
gradedbettinumbers m;
% Another way to see the non perfectness of m :
hilbertseries m;
% Just a third approach. Divide out a parameter system :
ps:=for i:=1:2 collect random_linear_form(vars,1000);
setideal(m1,matsum(m,ps))$
% dim should be zero and degree > degree m = 4.
% A Gbasis for m1 is computed automatically.
dim m1;
degree m1;
% The projections of m on the coord. hyperplanes.
for each x in vars collect eliminate(m,{x});
% Example 4 : Two submodules of S^4.
% Get the stored result of the earlier computation.
r:=resolve m$
% See whether cali!=degrees contains a relict from earlier
% computations.
getdegrees();
% Introduce the 2nd and 3rd syzygy module as new modules.
% Both are submodules in S^4.
setmodule(m1,second r)$ setmodule(m2,third r)$
% The second is already a gbasis.
setgbasis m2;
getleadterms m1; getleadterms m2;
% Since rk(F/M)=rk(F/in(M)), they have ranks 1 resp. 3.
dim m1;
indepvarsets m1;
% Its intersection is zero :
matintersect(m1,m2);
% Its sum :
setmodule(m3,matsum(m1,m2));
dim m3;
% Hence it has a nontrivial annihilator :
annihilator m3;
% One can compute isolated primes and primary decomposition also for
% modules. Let's do it, although being trivial here:
isolatedprimes m3;
primarydecomposition m3;
% To get a meaningful Hilbert series make m1 homogeneous :
setdegrees {1,x,x,x};
% Reevaluate m1 with the new column degrees.
setmodule(m1,m1)$
hilbertseries m1;
% Example 5 : From the MACAULAY manual (D.Bayer, M.Stillman).
% An elliptic curve on the Veronese in P^5.
rvars:={x,y,z}$ svars:={a,b,c,d,e,f}$
r:=setring(rvars,degreeorder rvars,revlex)$
s:=setring(svars,{for each x in svars collect 2},revlex)$
map:={s,r,{a=x^2,b=x*y,c=x*z,d=y^2,e=y*z,f=z^2}};
preimage({y^2z-x^3-x*z^2},map);
% Example 6 : The preimage under a rational map.
r:=setring({x,y},{},lex)$ s:=setring({t},{},lex)$
map:={r,s,{x=2t/(t^2+1),y=(t^2-1)/(t^2+1)}};
% The preimage of (0) is the equation of the circle :
ratpreimage({},map);
% The preimage of the point (t=3/2) :
ratpreimage({2t-3},map);
% Example 7 : A zerodimensional ideal.
setring({x,y,z},{},lex)$
setideal(n,{x**2 + y + z - 3,x + y**2 + z - 3,x + y + z**2 - 3});
% The groebner algorithm with factorization :
groebfactor n;
% Change the term order and reevaluate n :
setring({x,y,z},{{1,1,1}},revlex)$
setideal(n,n);
% its primes :
zeroprimes n;
% a vector space basis of S/n :
getkbase n;
% Example 8 : A modular computation. Since REDUCE has no multivariate
% factorizer, factorprimes has to be turned off !
on modular$ off factorprimes$
setmod 181; setideal(n1,n); zeroprimes n1;
setmod 7; setideal(n1,n); zeroprimes n1;
% Hence some of the primes glue together mod 7.
zeroprimarydecomposition n1;
off modular$ on factorprimes$
% Example 9 : Independent sets once more.
n:=10$
vars:=for i:=1:(2*n) collect mkid(x,i)$
setring(vars,{},lex)$
setideal(m,for j:=0:n collect
for i:=(j+1):(j+n) product mkid(x,i));
setgbasis m$
indepvarsets m;
dim m;
degree m;
comment
####################################
### ###
### Local Standard Bases ###
### ###
####################################
end comment;
% Example 10 : An example from [ Alonso, Mora, Raimondo ]
vars := {z,x,y}$
r:=setring(vars,{},lex)$
setideal(m,{x^3+(x^2-y^2)*z+z^4,y^3+(x^2-y^2)*z-z^4});
dim m;
degree m;
% 2 = codim m is the codimension of the curve m. The defining
% equations of the singular locus with their nilpotent structure :
singular_locus(m,2);
groebfactor ws;
% Hence this curve has two singular points :
% (x=y=z=0) and (y=-x=256/81,z=64/27)
% Let's find the brances of the curve through the origin.
% The first critical tropism is (-1,-1,-1).
off noetherian$
setring(vars,{{-1,-1,-1}},lex)$
setideal(m,m);
% Let's first test two different approaches, not fully
% integrated into the algebraic interface :
setideal(m1,homstbasis m);
setideal(m2,lazystbasis m);
setgbasis m1$ setgbasis m2$
modequalp(m1,m2);
gbasis m;
modequalp(m,m1);
dim m;
degree m;
% Find the tangent directions not in z-direction :
tangentcone m;
setideal(n,sub(z=1,ws));
setring r$ on noetherian$ setideal(n,n)$
degree n;
% The points of n outside the origin.
matstabquot(n,{x,y});
% Hence there are two branches x=z'*(a-3+x'),y=z'*(a+y'),z=z'
% with the algebraic number a : a^2-3a+3=0
% and the new equations for (z',x',y') :
setrules {a^2=>3a-3};
sub(x=z*(a-3+x),y=z*(a+y),m);
setideal(m1,matqquot(ws,z));
% This defines a loc. smooth system at the origin, since the
% jacobian at the origin of the gbasis is nonsingular :
off noetherian$
setring getring m;
setideal(m1,m1);
gbasis m1;
% clear the rules previously set.
setrules {};
% Example 11 : The standard basis of another example.
% Comparing different approaches.
vars:={x,y}$
setring(vars,localorder vars,lex);
ff:=x^5+y^11+(x+x^3)*y^9;
setideal(p1,mat2list matjac({ff},vars));
gbasis p1;
gbtestversion 2$
setideal(p2,p1);
gbasis p2;
gbtestversion 3$
setideal(p3,p1);
gbasis p3;
gbtestversion 1$
modequalp(p1,p2);
modequalp(p1,p3);
dim p1;
degree p1;
% Example 12 : A local intersection wrt. a non inflimited term order.
setring({x,y,z},{},revlex);
m1:=matintersect({x-y^2,y-x^2},{x-z^2,z-x^2},{y-z^2,z-y^2});
% Delete polynomial units post factum :
deleteunits ws;
% Detecting polynomial units early :
on detectunits;
m1:=matintersect({x-y^2,y-x^2},{x-z^2,z-x^2},{y-z^2,z-y^2});
off detectunits;
comment
####################################
### ###
### More Advanced Computations ###
### ###
####################################
end comment;
% Return to a noetherian term order:
vars:={x,y,z}$
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
on noetherian;
% Example 13 : Use of "mod".
% Polynomials modulo ideals :
setideal(m,{2x^2+y+5,3y^2+z+7,7z^2+x+1});
x^2*y^2*z^2 mod m;
% Lists of polynomials modulo ideals :
{x^3,y^3,z^3} mod gbasis m;
% Matrices modulo modules :
mm:=mat((x^4,y^4,z^4));
mm1:=tp<< ideal2mat m>>;
mm mod mm1;
% Example 14 : Powersums through elementary symmetric functions.
vars:={a,b,c,d,e1,e2,e3,e4}$
setring(vars,{},lex)$
m:=interreduce {a+b+c+d-e1,
a*b+a*c+a*d+b*c+b*d+c*d-e2,
a*b*c+a*b*d+a*c*d+b*c*d-e3,
a*b*c*d-e4};
for n:=1:5 collect a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n mod m;
% Example 15 : The setrules mechanism.
setring({x,y,z},{},lex)$
setrules {aa^3=>aa+1};
setideal(m,{x^2+y+z-aa,x+y^2+z-aa,x+y+z^2-aa});
gbasis m;
% Clear the rules previously set.
setrules {};
% Example 16 : The same example with advanced coefficient domains.
load_package arnum;
defpoly aa^3-aa-1;
setideal(m,{x^2+y+z-aa,x+y^2+z-aa,x+y+z^2-aa});
gbasis m;
% The following needs some more time since factorization of
% arnum's is not so easy :
groebfactor m;
off arnum;
off rational;
comment
####################################
### ###
### Using Advanced Scripts in ###
### a Complex Example ###
### ###
####################################
end comment;
% Example 17 : The square of the 2-minors of a symmetric 3x3-matrix.
vars:=for i:=1:6 collect mkid(x,i);
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
% Generating the ideal :
mm:=mat((x1,x2,x3),(x2,x4,x5),(x3,x5,x6));
m:=ideal_of_minors(mm,2);
setideal(n,idealpower(m,2));
% The ideal itself :
gbasis n;
length n;
dim n;
degree n;
% Its radical.
radical n;
% Its unmixed radical.
unmixedradical n;
% Its equidimensional hull :
n1:=eqhull n;
length n1;
setideal(n1,n1)$
submodulep(n,n1);
submodulep(n1,n);
% Hence there is an embedded component. Let's find it making
% an excursion to symbolic mode. Of course, this can be done
% also algebraically.
symbolic;
n:=get('n,'basis);
% This needs even more time than the eqhull, of course.
u:=primarydecomposition!* n;
for each x in u collect easydim!* cadr x;
for each x in u collect degree!* car x;
% Hence the embedded component is a trivial one. Let's divide
% it out by a stable ideal quotient calculation :
algebraic;
setideal(n2,matstabquot(n,vars));
modequalp(n1,n2);
comment
########################################
### ###
### Test Examples for New Features ###
### ###
########################################
end comment;
% ==> Testing the different zerodimensional solver
vars:={x,y,z}$
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
setideal(m,{x^3+y+z-3,y^3+x+z-3,z^3+x+y-3});
zerosolve1 m;
zerosolve2 m;
setring(vars,{},lex)$ setideal(m,m)$ m1:=gbasis m$
zerosolve m1;
zerosolve1 m1;
zerosolve2 m1;
% ==> Testing groebfactor, extendedgroebfactor, extendedgroebfactor1
% Gerdt et al. : Seventh order KdV type equation.
A1:=-2*L1**2+L1*L2+2*L1*L3-L2**2-7*L5+21*L6$
A2:=7*L7-2*L1*L4+3/7*L1**3$
B1:=L1*(5*L1-3*L2+L3)$
B2:=L1*(2*L6-4*L4)$
B3:=L1*L7/2$
P1:=L1*(L4-L5/2+L6)$
P2:=(2/7*L1**2-L4)*(-10*L1+5*L2-L3)$
P3:=(2/7*L1**2-L4)*(3*L4-L5+L6)$
P4:=A1*(-3*L1+2*L2)+21*A2$
P5:=A1*(2*L4-2*L5)+A2*(-45*L1+15*L2-3*L3)$
P6:=2*A1*L7+A2*(12*L4-3*L5+2*L6)$
P7:=B1*(2*L2-L1)+7*B2$
P8:=B1*L3+7*B2$
P9:=B1*(-2*L4-2*L5)+B2*(2*L2-8*L1)+84*B3$
P10:=B1*(8/3*L5+6*L6)+B2*(11*L1-17/3*L2+5/3*L3)-168*B3$
P11:=15*B1*L7+B2*(5*L4-2*L5)+B3*(-120*L1+30*L2-6*L3)$
P12:=-3*B1*L7+B2*(-L4/2+L5/4-L6/2)+B3*(24*L1-6*L2)$
P13:=3*B2*L7+B3*(40*L4-8*L5+4*L6)$
polys:={P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6,P7,P8,P9,P10,P11,P12,P13};
vars:={L7,L6,L5,L4,L3,L2,L1};
clear a1,a2,b1,b2,b3$
off lexefgb;
setring(vars,{},lex);
% The factorized Groebner algorithm.
groebfactor polys;
% The extended Groebner factorizer, producing triangular sets.
extendedgroebfactor polys;
% The extended Groebner factorizer with subproblem removal check.
extendedgroebfactor1 polys;
% Gonnet's example (ACM SIGSAM Bulletin 17 (1983), 48 - 49)
vars:={a0,a2,a3,a4,a5,b0,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,c0,c1,c2,c3,c4,c5};
polys:={a4*b4,
a5*b1+b5+a4*b3+a3*b4,
a2*b2,a5*b5,
(a0+1+a4)*b2+a2*(b0+b1+b4)+c2,
(a0+1+a4)*(b0+b1+b4)+(a3+a5)*b2+a2*(b3+b5)+c0+c1+c4,
(a3+a5)*(b0+b1+b4)+(b3+b5)*(a0+1+a4)+c3+c5-1,
(a3+a5)*(b3+b5),
a5*(b3+b5)+b5*(a3+a5),
b5*(a0+1+2*a4)+a5*(b0+b1+2*b4)+a3*b4+a4*b3+c5,
a4*(b0+b1+2*b4)+a2*b5+a5*b2+(a0+1)*b4+c4,
a2*b4+a4*b2,
a4*b5+a5*b4,
2*a3*b3+a3*b5+a5*b3,
c3+b3*(a0+2+a4)+a3*(b0+2*b1+b4)+b5+a5*b1,
c1+(a0+2+a4)*b1+a2*b3+a3*b2+(b0+b4),
a2*b1+b2,
a5*b3+a3*b5,
b4+a4*b1};
on lexefgb; % Switching back to the default.
setring(vars,{},lex);
groebfactor polys;
extendedgroebfactor polys;
extendedgroebfactor1 polys;
% Schwarz' example s5
vars:=for k:=1:5 collect mkid(x,k);
s5:={
x1**2+x1+2*x2*x5+2*x3*x4,
2*x1*x2+x2+2*x3*x5+x4**2,
2*x1*x3+x2**2+x3+2*x4*x5,
2*x1*x4+2*x2*x3+x4+x5**2,
2*x1*x5+2*x2*x4+x3**2+x5};
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
m:=groebfactor s5;
% Recompute a list of problems with listgroebfactor for another term
% order.
setring(vars,{},lex);
listgroebfactor m;
% ==> Testing the linear algebra package
% Find the ideal of points in affine and projective space.
vars:=for k:=1:6 collect mkid(x,k);
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
matrix mm(10,6);
on rounded;
for k:=1:6 do for l:=1:10 do mm(l,k):=floor(exp((k+l)/4));
off rounded;
mm;
setideal(u,affine_points mm); setgbasis u$ dim u; degree u;
setideal(u,proj_points mm); setgbasis u$ dim u; degree u;
% Change the term order to pure lex in dimension zero.
% Test both approaches, with and without precomputed borderbasis.
vars:=for k:=1:6 collect mkid(x,k);
r1:=setring(vars,{},lex);
r2:=setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
setideal(m,{x1**2+x1+2*x2*x6+2*x3*x5+x4**2,
2*x1*x2+x2+2*x3*x6+2*x4*x5,
2*x1*x3+x2**2+x3+2*x4*x6+x5**2,
2*x1*x4+2*x2*x3+x4+2*x5*x6,
2*x1*x5+2*x2*x4+x3**2+x5+x6**2,
2*x1*x6+2*x2*x5+2*x3*x4+x6});
gbasis m;
m1:=change_termorder(m,r1);
setring r2$ m2:=change_termorder1(m,r1);
setideal(m1,m1)$ setideal(m2,m2)$
setgbasis m1$ setgbasis m2$ modequalp(m1,m2);
% ==> Different hilbert series driver
setideal(m,proj_monomial_curve(w1:={0,2,5,9},{w,x,y,z}));
weights:={{1,1,1,1},w1};
hftestversion 2;
f1:=weightedhilbertseries(gbasis m,weights);
sub(x=1,ws); % The ordinary Hilbert series.
hftestversion 1; % The default.
f2:=weightedhilbertseries(gbasis m,weights);
sub(x=1,ws);
f1-f2;
% ==> Different primary decomposition approaches. The example is due
% to Shimoyama Takeshi. CALI 2.2. produced auxiliary embedded
% primes on it.
vars:={dx,dy,x,y};
setring(vars,degreeorder vars,revlex);
f3:={DY*( - X*DX + Y**2*DY - Y*DY),DX*(X**2*DX - X*DX - Y*DY)}$
primarydecomposition f3;
showtime;
end;
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18478783fc8ce6ee2f2b6d62c2399f7a6a0685af | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /854/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce | dd647c7a95523a7bb4bb3926cac9065054c98a37 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 812 | sce | Example3_4.sce | //clear//
//Caption: Program to Find the Divergence of 'D' at the origin
//Example3.4
//page 70
clc;
x = sym('x');
y = sym('y');
z = sym('z');
//Components of Electric Flux Density in cartesian coordinate system
Dx = exp(-x)*sin(y);
Dy = -exp(-x)*cos(y);
Dz = 2*z;
//Divergence of electric flux density 'D'
dDx = diff(Dx,x);
dDy = diff(Dy,y);
dDz = diff(Dz,z);
divD = dDx+dDy+dDz
disp(divD,'Divergence of Electric Flux Density D in C/cubic.metre, divD =')
divD = limit(divD,x,0);
divD = limit(divD,y,0);
divD = limit(divD,z,0);
disp(divD,'Divergence of Electric Flux Density D in C/cubic.metre at origin, divD =')
//Result
//Divergence of Electric Flux Density D in C/cubic.metre, divD =
// 2
//Divergence of Electric Flux Density D in C/cubic.metre at origin, divD =
// 2
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f3060a673c60c0ef79fcf98fcd904fec2033049c | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2774/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce | 864f4cb23b45a2a14e058d2caeb54e3c7d6a3716 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 446 | sce | Ex5_7.sce | clc
// initialization of variables
T1=350+273 // initial temperature in kelvin
P1=1200 // initial pressure in kPa
P2=140 // final pressure in kPa
k=1.4 // polytopic index for air
Cv=0.717 // specific heat at constant volume for air
//solution
T2=T1*((P2/P1)**((k-1)/k)) // reversible adiabatic process relation
w=-Cv*(T2-T1) // work done by gases in reversible adiabatic process
printf(" The work done by gases is %.0f kJ/kg",w)
|
e6d7df2aa55e03ea1e585073d386bab4dc00685d | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /534/CH10/EX10.2/10_2_Horizontal_cylinder.sce | 97bf09ef6dee9e57c1e8aeef1730d6c767d61487 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,482 | sce | 10_2_Horizontal_cylinder.sce | clear;
clc;
printf('FUNDAMENTALS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER \n Incropera / Dewitt / Bergman / Lavine \n EXAMPLE 10.2 Page 635 \n'); //Example 10.2
// Power Dissipation per unith length for the cylinder, qs
//Operating Conditions
Ts = 255+273 ;//[K] Surface Temperature
Tsat = 100+273 ;//[K] Saturated Temperature
D = 6*10^-3 ;//[m] Diameter of pan
e = 1 ;// eimssivity
stfncnstt=5.67*10^(-8) ;// [W/m^2.K^4] - Stefan Boltzmann Constant
g = 9.81 ;//[m^2/s] gravitaional constant
//Table A.6 Saturated water Liquid Properties T = 373 K
rhol = 957.9 ;//[kg/m^3] Density
hfg = 2257*10^3 ;//[J/kg] Specific Heat
//Table A.4 Water Vapor Properties T = 450 K
rhov = .4902 ;//[kg/m^3] Density
cpv = 1.98*10^3 ;//[J/kg.K] Specific Heat
kv = 0.0299 ;//[W/m.K] Conductivity
uv = 15.25*10^-6 ;//[N.s/m^2] Viscosity
Te = Ts-Tsat;
hconv = .62*[kv^3*rhov*(rhol-rhov)*g*(hfg+.8*cpv*Te)/(uv*D*Te)]^.25;
hrad = e*stfncnstt*(Ts^4-Tsat^4)/(Ts-Tsat);
//From eqn 10.9 h^(4/3) = hconv^(4/3) + hrad*h^(1/3)
//Newton Raphson
h=250; //Initial Assumption
while(1>0)
f = h^(4/3) - [hconv^(4/3) + hrad*h^(1/3)];
fd = (4/3)*h^(1/3) - [(1/3)*hrad*h^(-2/3)];
hn=h-f/fd;
if((hn^(4/3) - [hconv^(4/3) + hrad*hn^(1/3)])<=.01)
break;
end;
h=hn;
end
q = h*%pi*D*Te;
printf("\n Power Dissipation per unith length for the cylinder, qs= %i W/m",q);
//END |
057cc0f0181fe9e5ebb8e3ade9f1fe5a70c195e2 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2672/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce | 33f86216ebcdb895262b09a97a8746c886912716 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 418 | sce | Ex5_4.sce | //Example 5_4
clc;
clear;
close;
format('v',5);
//given data :
t1=25;//degree C
t2=70;//degree C
VB1=0.7;//V
delV=-0.002*(t2-t1);//V
VB2=VB1+delV;//V//barrier potential
disp(VB2,"(a) Barrier potential at 70 degree C is (V)");
//Part (b)
t1=25;//degree C
t2=0;//degree C
VB1=0.7;//V
delV=-0.002*(t2-t1);//V
VB2=VB1+delV;//V//barrier potential
disp(VB2,"(b) Barrier potential at 0 degree C is (V)");
|
a6a6f6a40e26fd4dd006cb4b0216fe95388a6460 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /75/CH6/EX6.31/ex_31.sce | c791cdbd091821a0ffee84fb4c2dabaf31f4e188 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 346 | sce | ex_31.sce | // PG (434)
// 2-point linear Boundary value problem
// Boundary value problems with eigenvalues - case: d^y/dx^2 + lam*y = 0
// subject to y(0) = 0, y(1) = 0, where lam is unknown.
// The finite-difference approximation is:
// (y(i-1)-2*y(i)+y(i+1))=-lam*Dx^2*y(i), i = 2,3,...,n-1
[x,y,lam] = BVPeigen1(1,5)
|
dcb4be909bc786b093cfd5178717a74bbc79710e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1319/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce | aaeac56b0ec36dbb1ab84e1e2ad32ae7ffebd36c | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 625 | sce | 2_24.sce | // Determine the current through 10 ohm resistor using thevenins circuit
clc;
clear;
//Source Voltages
V1=10;
V2=2;
// Resistances of upper limb
R1=15;
R2=25;
//Resistances of lower limb
R3=30;
R4=20;
//For a thevenin circuit
i1=(V1-V2)/(R1+R2); // Current in upper limb
i2=V1/(R3+R4); // Current in lower limb
Vac=(i1*R2)+2;
Vbc=(i2*R4);
Vab=Vac-Vbc; // Thevenin Voltage
Vth=Vab;
Zl=10; // Load resistance
Reff1=(R1*R2/(R2+R1));
Reff2=(R3*R4/(R3+R4));
Zth=Reff1+Reff2;
I=Vth/(Zl+Zth); // Curent through AB
printf('The current through the 10 ohm resistor = %g mA\n',I*1000)
|
1c8c315c8ca1c06432a55a55865b14f303d197e7 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /812/CH3/EX3.07/3_07.sce | 8624fca4acf0f66cd9a5a0bac795a565c6b9ec50 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 692 | sce | 3_07.sce | //force at equilibrium//
pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3.07.sce')
filename=pathname+filesep()+'3.07-data.sci'
exec(filename)
//Horizontal component of resultant force(in kN):
Frh=0.5*d*g*w*D^2
//Line of action of Frh(in m):
y1=0.5*D+w*D^3/12/(0.5*D)/(w*D)
//Vertical component of resultant force(in kN):
function y=q(x), y=d*g*w*(D-sqrt(a*x)),endfunction
Frv=intg(0,D^2/a,q)
//Line of acion of Frv(in m):
function k=f(x), k=d*g*w/Frv*x*(D-sqrt(a*x)),endfunction
xa=intg(0,D^2/a,f)
//Force required to keep the gate in equilibrium(in kN):
Fa=1/l*(xa*Frv+(D-y1)*Frh)
printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")
printf("\n\nForce required to keep the gate at equilibrium: %f kN\n\n",Fa/1000)
|
e1fd135f2824518a690000ed518808cbf3835e9c | 4a1effb7ec08302914dbd9c5e560c61936c1bb99 | /Project 2/Experiments/GFS-GCCL-C/results/GFS-GCCL-C.abalone-10-1tra/result7s0.tst | 6dc4e6e732edb414c1b8f3f0b9330568f5759036 | [] | no_license | nickgreenquist/Intro_To_Intelligent_Systems | 964cad20de7099b8e5808ddee199e3e3343cf7d5 | 7ad43577b3cbbc0b620740205a14c406d96a2517 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-20T13:23:23.931062 | 2017-05-04T20:08:05 | 2017-05-04T20:08:05 | 90,484,366 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,537 | tst | result7s0.tst | @relation abalone
@attribute Sex{M,F,I}
@attribute Length real[0.075,0.815]
@attribute Diameter real[0.055,0.65]
@attribute Height real[0.0,1.13]
@attribute Whole_weight real[0.002,2.8255]
@attribute Shucked_weight real[0.001,1.488]
@attribute Viscera_weight real[5.0E-4,0.76]
@attribute Shell_weight real[0.0015,1.005]
@attribute Rings{15,7,9,10,8,20,16,19,14,11,12,18,13,5,4,6,21,17,22,1,3,26,23,29,2,27,25,24}
@inputs Sex,Length,Diameter,Height,Whole_weight,Shucked_weight,Viscera_weight,Shell_weight
@outputs Rings
@data
10 8
7 6
8 8
20 9
10 8
9 9
9 8
6 6
7 8
15 9
6 6
6 9
8 9
19 11
9 8
9 6
15 10
18 11
14 11
5 6
14 9
11 9
16 10
8 8
9 9
7 9
12 8
13 6
7 6
13 9
4 6
16 10
15 10
22 11
20 10
9 8
15 10
26 9
13 9
6 6
8 8
12 8
13 9
12 9
11 9
16 11
14 10
10 8
9 8
13 9
8 6
10 9
17 9
29 11
14 9
4 4
9 9
9 8
12 9
13 8
11 9
12 8
11 9
17 11
18 9
13 9
6 6
7 6
9 8
11 8
18 11
7 8
4 4
12 9
9 8
7 6
7 6
18 9
10 9
13 10
11 9
8 8
15 9
12 9
10 8
9 8
7 9
21 8
6 9
7 8
11 10
7 6
7 8
6 8
6 8
8 8
7 8
8 9
7 9
11 9
10 9
9 9
11 10
11 10
8 10
11 10
12 11
10 10
10 11
10 11
6 9
7 10
8 8
7 9
8 9
9 9
8 9
8 11
9 9
11 11
6 6
8 6
7 7
7 9
6 8
7 8
8 8
9 9
10 9
9 9
9 9
10 9
9 9
10 10
12 9
9 10
9 10
10 10
9 11
7 6
5 9
5 9
9 8
7 9
8 9
8 10
10 10
8 8
8 8
8 9
8 9
7 9
9 8
8 9
9 9
9 9
9 9
12 9
10 9
9 9
10 10
10 9
10 10
9 10
12 11
10 11
10 11
10 11
10 9
9 8
8 9
9 9
10 8
8 9
10 10
11 11
6 8
8 8
8 8
9 9
11 9
9 9
10 9
8 9
9 9
11 10
11 10
12 10
11 10
11 10
16 11
10 10
11 10
11 10
11 10
11 11
13 11
11 11
11 11
9 9
7 9
8 8
10 9
9 9
9 9
11 11
10 9
9 9
14 9
17 11
5 7
15 9
12 8
18 10
17 9
14 9
9 9
9 8
12 9
13 9
17 9
12 9
19 10
6 6
7 6
16 9
17 9
11 8
13 11
11 9
11 9
6 6
6 4
12 10
19 11
8 8
10 9
13 8
15 10
12 10
12 8
6 6
9 6
6 6
14 8
13 9
12 9
6 8
8 8
7 9
9 10
4 6
6 6
6 6
7 6
7 9
7 8
6 8
7 8
8 10
11 10
9 11
8 11
10 11
12 11
7 8
9 9
7 9
7 9
8 9
10 10
11 10
10 10
10 11
12 11
8 8
8 8
10 9
9 9
10 9
8 9
12 10
9 11
8 8
7 9
8 9
9 10
10 9
10 10
5 7
7 9
8 9
8 8
8 8
8 8
8 9
10 9
10 9
9 10
10 10
10 10
7 10
10 10
6 8
9 9
11 11
9 10
11 10
11 11
8 7
9 9
11 9
9 10
11 10
11 11
5 6
11 9
7 8
10 9
11 10
11 11
14 9
9 9
8 6
13 10
8 6
9 9
9 8
14 10
13 9
8 8
7 8
13 9
11 9
13 11
15 11
5 6
7 6
15 8
11 8
5 6
20 9
9 8
14 9
19 10
9 9
13 11
6 7
8 9
8 9
8 10
6 8
9 11
11 11
10 11
12 11
9 6
8 8
7 8
10 9
9 10
10 10
14 10
9 9
9 10
10 11
5 6
9 8
9 9
9 9
10 9
10 10
10 10
13 10
9 10
9 11
11 10
10 10
12 10
5 6
9 9
10 9
8 9
10 10
10 10
11 10
12 11
3 7
10 8
5 6
15 9
8 8
16 9
10 8
4 4
4 6
14 9
13 9
10 11
10 11
12 11
8 9
10 9
9 10
10 11
6 6
8 8
10 10
11 10
6 9
8 9
8 9
11 10
11 9
10 10
11 11
11 9
|
ca55006100f13c798bfa4194c64101491fdf2546 | 6d1f05d2074f1d6f18d3d473f2dbd867c94fc7ee | /giarratano/SOURCE/TESTING/textpro.tst | 27bc6f1fa33ce9374f81970705b17daff40c9b2f | [] | no_license | arranger1044/icse-1516 | c40d2c86892cd90c14042a95581cbb0e238190fb | ee4bafb57bb549ef40e29b8edf8cdad038e97162 | refs/heads/master | 2020-12-24T19:04:01.588095 | 2016-05-31T07:46:47 | 2016-05-31T07:46:47 | 56,578,768 | 14 | 5 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 278 | tst | textpro.tst | (unwatch all)
(clear)
(dribble-on "textpro.out")
(batch "textpro.bat")
(dribble-off)
(clear)
(open "textpro.rsl" textpro "w")
(load "compline.clp")
(printout textpro "textpro.bat differences are as follows:" crlf)
(compare-files textpro.exp textpro.out textpro)
(close textpro)
|
25ff3b5a39690d744d7caf1ea5a0949ccff0780d | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /174/CH7/EX7.1/example7_1.sce | c11ea704e8d915a164be1fc68efd2d12c6371eaa | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 724 | sce | example7_1.sce | // To find minimum distance
// Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques
// By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper
// First Edition Second Impression, 2009
// Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India
// Example 7-1 in Page 184
clear; clc; close;
// Given data
D = 4*10^-2; //Deflection on the screen in m
G = 100*100; // Deflection factor in V/m
E_a = 2000; //Accelarating potential in V
//Calculations
// wkt. L = 2*d*E_a/(G*I_d)
//Also L/D = I_d / d
//Therefore
L = sqrt(2*D*E_a/G);
printf("The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = %0.3f m",L);
//Result
// The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = 0.126 m
|
e78a2ec51c7b7170044815e0535308fb04a303af | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3813/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce | 80fcae32236186af3f9c00c3227f87464a17db8e | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 311 | sce | Ex4_10.sce | //Electric Drives:concepts and applications by V.subrahmanyam
//Publisher:Tata McGraw-Hill
//Edition:Second
//Ex4_10
clc;
clear;
V=500;// voltage in V
I=15;//Current in A
t=0.6;//time in sec
f=80;//frequency in Hz
Vav=V*t;
Vi=V-Vav;
Ton=t/f;
L=Vi*(Ton/I);
disp(L,"The inductance in Henry is:")
|
45362cff691aba6d37f436e31f84cfbb5a78cfe7 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2223/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce | 963eb61a0e90cc4740bb7ba148e2d7163da6dde8 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,318 | sce | Ex8_2.sce | // scilab Code Exa 8.2 Calculation on a turbine blade row cascade
beta1=35; // blade angle at entry
beta2=55; // blade angle at exit
i=5; // incidence
delta=2.5; // deviation
alpha1=beta1+i; // air angle at entry
alpha2=beta2-delta; // air angle at exit
t_c=0.3; // maximum thickness-chord ratio(t/l)
a_r=2.5; // aspect ratio
//part(a)optimum pitch-chord ratio from Zweifels relation
C_z=0.8; // from Zweifel's relation
p_c=C_z/(2*(cosd(alpha2)^2)*(tand(alpha1)+tand(alpha2)));
disp (p_c,"(a)the optimum pitch-chord ratio from Zweifels relation is")
//part(b) loss coefficient from Soderbergs and Hawthorne relations
ep=alpha1+alpha2; // deflection angle
Zeeta=0.075;
b=(1+Zeeta)*(0.975+(0.075/a_r))
zeeta=b-1;
disp (zeeta,"(b)(i)the loss coefficient from Soderbergs relation is")
z_p=0.025*(1+((ep/90)^2)); // Hawthorne's relation
disp (z_p,"(b)(ii)the loss coefficient from Hawthorne relation is")
z=(1+(3.2/a_r))*z_p; // the total cascade loss coefficient
Y=0.5*(z+zeeta);
// part(c)drag coefficient
alpham=atand(0.5*(tand(alpha2)-tand(alpha1)));
C_D=p_c*Y*(cosd(alpham)^3)/(cosd(alpha2)^2);
disp (C_D,"(c)the drag coefficient is")
// part(d)Lift coefficient
C_L=(2*p_c*(tand(alpha1)+tand(alpha2))*cosd(alpham))+(C_D*tand(alpham));
disp (C_L,"(d)the Lift coefficient is")
|
b8cab69e4db318eaa3560707d33f67b3af46248c | 06a62d768e69fd9dda11b30011c252807e301813 | /function1.sci | 8457e8e36de8725ca0fb814c43c010210de0393c | [] | no_license | vikram-niit/matlab | 36ce3d9539629128251eab060164ce81c03aa690 | da8aeb4d727c47474d37676650664bd028d7e41d | refs/heads/master | 2020-03-18T13:40:37.068765 | 2018-05-25T03:51:55 | 2018-05-25T03:51:55 | 134,800,217 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 66 | sci | function1.sci | function[result] = function1(i)
result = i*i;
endfunction
|
5551869b8bf7a9668420f901569e8430a9374c81 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2582/CH1/EX1.15/Ex1_15.sce | e99660977554cb6625744cf96296984132efa71d | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 262 | sce | Ex1_15.sce | //Ex 1.15
clc;clear;close;
format('v',5);
Iout=8;//micro A
VBE=0.7;//V
VCC=20;//V
Beta=100;//unitless
IREF=Iout*(1+2/Beta/(Beta+1));//micro A
disp(IREF,"Reference current is(micro A) : ");
R=(VCC-2*VBE)/(IREF);//Mohm
disp(R,"Resistance is(Mohm) : ");
|
b973babc7d168c6c17d80f67a15a7e10282675c6 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3808/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce | 81eb6d3622b1cc98f70d31ac2fa9985bd1a7f531 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 585 | sce | Ex8_4.sce | //Chapter 08: Advanced Counting Techniques
clc;
clear;
no_freshmen=1807;.........//total no if freshmen
no_cs=453; //no of students taking course in computer science
no_math=567; //no of students taking course in mathematics
no_csmath=299; //no of students taking course in computer science and mathematics
AUB=no_cs+no_math-no_csmath
csmath=no_freshmen-AUB
mprintf("No.of freshmen taking a course in computer science or math is %d",AUB)
mprintf("\n No.of freshmen not taking a course in either computer science or math is %d",csmath)
|
ee504fde665845aee51ea996958a44f5959a62f1 | 7c82ece01341a445b10f5cccd1ff7c8614e1c5a2 | /TP1_Linear system/ImageCompression.sci | 9b7276a00c9dae67a08c7f4f0ebd1f5aee220f6f | [
"MIT"
] | permissive | PaulEmmanuelSotir/TPs_3IF | 87116bcf91d7f871f77bef26e35684f02c5ece87 | 51e1b82837bd2e9e01fe84721f127c469f1f24a7 | refs/heads/master | 2021-06-01T15:55:23.452046 | 2016-05-24T13:54:53 | 2016-05-24T13:54:53 | 43,512,483 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,094 | sci | ImageCompression.sci | function [vec,lambda] = PuissancesIterees(A,k_max)
// Output variables initialisation (not found in input variables)
vec=[];
lambda=[];
// Display mode
mode(0);
// Display warning for floating point exception
ieee(1);
n = size(A,1);
Y = rand(n,1);
for k = mtlb_imp(0,k_max)
X = Y/norm(Y);
Y = A*X;
end;
vec = Y/norm(Y);
lambda = norm(Y);
if sign(lambda*Y)~=sign(A*Y) then
lambda = lambda*(-1);
end;
endfunction
function [vecs,lambdas] = Deflation(A,nbr_val_propre)
// Output variables initialisation (not found in input variables)
vecs=[];
lambdas=[];
// Display mode
mode(0);
// Display warning for floating point exception
ieee(1);
k = 30;
// ! L.4: real(nbr_val_propre) may be replaced by:
// ! --> nbr_val_propre if nbr_val_propre is Real.
vecs = cell(real(nbr_val_propre),1);
lambdas = zeros(nbr_val_propre,1);
for i = mtlb_imp(1,nbr_val_propre)
[v,lambda_v] = PuissancesIterees(A,k);
[u,truc] = PuissancesIterees(mtlb_t(A),k);
A = mtlb_s(A,(lambda_v*(v*u'))/(u'*v));
lambdas = mtlb_i(lambdas,i,lambda_v);
vecs(i).entries = v;
end;
endfunction
im = imread("D:\Programation\TPs_3IF\TP1_Linear system\lake.jpg");
im = double(rgb2gray(im));
//imshow(uint8(im));
Q1 = im' * im;
Q2 = im * im';
n = size(Q1, 1);
m = size(im, 1);
for k=50:rank(Q1)
// Compression de l'image
// deterrmine les k veteurs propres et les k valeurs propres de Q1 (V et Lambdas) les plus grandes
[V, Lambdas] = Deflation(Q1, k);
// deterrmine les k veteurs propres de Q2 (V) associés aux k vp les plus grandes
[U, Lambdas2] = Deflation(Q2, k);
// U, V et Lambdas permettent de reconstituer l'image. Le niveau de compression
// est choisit en éliminant les plus petites valeur propres (et vecteurs propre associés)
// L'image compréssée est donc représentée par U, V et Lambdas de dimentations k
// Décompression de l'image
DecompressedIm = zeros(m, n);
for i=1:k
DecompressedIm = DecompressedIm + sqrt(abs(Lambdas(i))) * U(1).entries * V(1).entries';
end
imshow(uint8(DecompressedIm));
end
|
7a0d4b613a6dae25e4cbc5c3f41b854c811cc379 | 881e0bcc7118244a24f736786ac36140acfb885e | /yeast/results/GAssist-ADI-C.yeast-5/result10s0.tst | 06bbd3dbddb3df12f1cebcddd17e9fdb56c4de1b | [] | no_license | woshahua/Experiment_File | 3e34e5a4a622d6d260fbdf8d5ef2711712aad9bc | 6a139cd3f779373799cb926ba90d978235b0de0d | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-01T06:57:13.285197 | 2017-07-28T08:17:38 | 2017-07-28T08:17:38 | 97,557,409 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,593 | tst | result10s0.tst | @relation yeast-5
@attribute Mcg real [0.11, 1.0]
@attribute Gvh real [0.13, 1.0]
@attribute Alm real [0.21, 1.0]
@attribute Mit real [0.0, 1.0]
@attribute Erl real [0.5, 1.0]
@attribute Pox real [0.0, 0.83]
@attribute Vac real [0.0, 0.73]
@attribute Nuc real [0.0, 1.0]
@attribute Class {MIT, NUC, CYT, ME1, ME2, ME3, EXC, VAC, POX, ERL}
@inputs Mcg, Gvh, Alm, Mit, Erl, Pox, Vac, Nuc
@outputs Class
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
MIT CYT
MIT MIT
MIT MIT
EXC MIT
CYT CYT
NUC ME1
MIT MIT
NUC NUC
CYT NUC
MIT ME3
MIT CYT
CYT CYT
ME3 ME3
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT NUC
VAC ME3
NUC NUC
NUC NUC
NUC CYT
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
NUC NUC
CYT NUC
CYT CYT
MIT MIT
NUC CYT
CYT NUC
CYT CYT
NUC NUC
ME3 ME3
NUC NUC
CYT NUC
MIT MIT
MIT CYT
CYT ME3
NUC NUC
MIT CYT
ME1 ME1
ERL ME3
NUC NUC
NUC MIT
MIT MIT
NUC NUC
CYT CYT
NUC NUC
CYT CYT
NUC NUC
MIT NUC
MIT MIT
MIT CYT
MIT CYT
MIT CYT
MIT MIT
MIT CYT
ME3 ME3
NUC NUC
NUC NUC
NUC NUC
ME2 ME3
POX NUC
NUC NUC
VAC CYT
MIT NUC
CYT CYT
ME3 ME3
NUC ME3
ME3 CYT
NUC CYT
NUC ME3
NUC CYT
MIT CYT
NUC CYT
NUC CYT
NUC NUC
CYT CYT
NUC CYT
NUC CYT
NUC NUC
CYT NUC
NUC NUC
NUC CYT
NUC CYT
CYT NUC
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT MIT
CYT CYT
ME3 ME3
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
CYT NUC
ME3 ME3
CYT NUC
ME1 ME1
ME3 ME3
ME3 ME3
ME2 ME3
ME2 ME1
MIT ME3
CYT CYT
CYT NUC
CYT CYT
CYT CYT
NUC NUC
CYT CYT
EXC ME1
CYT NUC
NUC CYT
NUC NUC
CYT CYT
CYT MIT
CYT NUC
CYT CYT
ME1 ME1
CYT NUC
ME2 ME3
VAC CYT
CYT CYT
ME3 ME3
ME3 ME3
ME3 ME3
ME3 CYT
ME1 ME1
ME2 MIT
NUC ME3
POX ME1
NUC CYT
EXC CYT
MIT MIT
NUC CYT
NUC NUC
ME3 ME3
MIT MIT
MIT MIT
MIT MIT
CYT CYT
NUC CYT
NUC NUC
ME3 ME3
ME3 ME3
NUC NUC
NUC NUC
ME2 ME3
|
62a940a80c6f2c333ea02ca41d0e8b2263b97672 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3472/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce | 5c0588fecd251adb56197761dae15fbdd52b77ea | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,439 | sce | Example10_8.sce | // A Texbook on POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING
// A.Chakrabarti, M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S.Bhatnagar
// DHANPAT RAI & Co.
// SECOND EDITION
// PART II : TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
// CHAPTER 3: STEADY STATE CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES
// EXAMPLE : 3.8 :
// Page number 133-134
clear ; clc ; close ; // Clear the work space and console
// Given data
f = 50.0 // Frequency(Hz)
V_r = 132.0*10**3 // Line voltage at receiving end(V)
L = 100.0 // Line length(km)
r = 0.17 // Resistance(ohm/km/phase)
l = 1.1*10**-3 // Inductance(H/km/phase)
c = 0.0082*10**-6 // Capacitance(F/km/phase)
P_L = 70.0*10**6 // Load at receiving end(W)
PF_r = 0.8 // Lagging load power factor
// Calculations
E_r = V_r/3**0.5 // Receiving end phase voltage(V)
I_r = P_L/(3**0.5*V_r*PF_r)*exp(%i*-acos(PF_r)) // Receiving end current(A)
R = r*L // Total resistance(ohm/phase)
X = 2*%pi*f*l*L // Inductive reactance(ohm/phase)
Z = complex(R,X) // Total impedance(ohm/phase)
Y = 2*%pi*f*c*exp(%i*90.0*%pi/180)/L // Shunt admittance of line(mho/phase)
E = E_r+I_r*(Z/2) // Voltage across shunt admittance(V/phase)
I_s = I_r+E*Y // Sending end current(A)
E_s = E+I_s*(Z/2) // Sending end voltage(V/phase)
E_s_ll = 3**0.5*abs(E_s)/1000 // Sending end line to line voltage(kV)
angle_Er_Es = phasemag(E_s) // Angle between E_r and V_s(°)
angle_Er_Is = phasemag(I_s) // Angle between E_r and I_s(°)
angle_Es_Is = angle_Er_Es-angle_Er_Is // Angle between E_s and I_s(°)
PF_s = cosd(angle_Es_Is) // Sending end power factor
// Results
disp("PART II - EXAMPLE : 3.8 : SOLUTION :-")
printf("\nVoltage at sending end, E_s = %.2f∠%.2f° V/phase = %.f kV (line-to-line)", abs(E_s),phasemag(E_s),E_s_ll)
printf("\nCurrent at sending end, I_s = %.1f∠%.1f° A", abs(I_s),phasemag(I_s))
printf("\nSending end power factor = %.3f (lagging)", PF_s)
|
d9c06cff2d27209248049b51e5971288ba1ea361 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3041/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce | ce5d9a62744cafce3a8ca0493e2119ecda7354e5 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 972 | sce | Ex7_14.sce |
//Variable declaration
BW=30*10**3 //specified bandwidth(k Hz)
fc=18*10**3 //centered frequency(Hz)
R1=20 //resistance(k ohms)
R2=180 //resistance(k ohms)
C=1.2*10**-9 //capacitance(F)
G=40 //pass band gain(dB)
g=20 //pass region gain(dB)
//Calculationsv
fc1=fc-(BW/2) //high pass section frequency(Hz)
fc2=fc+(BW/2) //low pass section frequency(Hz)
Rfc1=1/(2*%pi*fc1*C) //high pass section resistance(k ohms)
Rfc2=1/(2*%pi*fc2*C) //low pass section resistance(k ohms)
Gfc1=G-g //gain at frequency 0.3KHz(dB)
Gfc2=G-2*6 //gain at frequency 132KHz(dB)
//Results
printf ("R1 and R2 are %.1f K ohms and %.1f K ohms",R1,R2)
printf ("Rfc1 is %.f k ohms and Rfc2 is %.f k ohms",Rfc1/1E+3,Rfc2/1E+3)
printf ("filter gain at frequencies 0.3 KHz is %.1f dB and 132 k Hz are %.1f dB",Gfc1,Gfc2)
|
c3952414aa9e5734be2f10cfda43f4e328e96282 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3557/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce | ebb6a989fce29a8f9884781a762d2fa00c8524cf | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 90 | sce | Ex15_4.sce | //Example15.4//
u=3.5*10^-3;//m^2/(V.s)
E=0.5;//V.m^-1
v=u*E
mprintf("v = %e m/s",v)
|
362c8d14d7239d3e26b0ea562d0f540954e17bf8 | f42e0a9f61003756d40b8c09ebfe5dd926081407 | /TP5/prothero.sci | bd39fd4e2a3293e87819d8cc0225313a529f9f7e | [] | no_license | BenFradet/MT09 | 04fe085afaef9f8c8d419a3824c633adae0c007a | d37451249f2df09932777e2fd64d43462e3d6931 | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-14T02:47:55.441807 | 2014-12-22T17:34:50 | 2014-12-22T17:34:50 | null | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 190 | sci | prothero.sci | function[y] = prothero(t, x)
deff('[y] = g(x)', 'y = sin(%pi * x)');
deff('[y] = gPrime(x)', 'y = %pi * cos(%pi * x)');
q = -50;
y = q * (x - g(t)) + gPrime(t);
endfunction
|
fe33c1512d33319d9dbeb558ef414dc527e626d9 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1964/CH13/EX13.8/ex13_8.sce | deb5331e4061dc0efbd487c88307bfa3498593a9 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 541 | sce | ex13_8.sce | //Chapter-13, Example 13.8, Page 390
//=============================================================================
clc
clear
//INPUT DATA
Ic=80;//collector current in mA
b=170;//common-emitter DC current gain
//CALCULATIONS
Ib=Ic/b;//base current in mA
Ie=Ib+Ic;//emitter current in mA
mprintf("Thus emitter and base currents are %2.2f mA and %1.2f mA respectively",Ie,Ib);
//=================================END OF PROGRAM=======================================================================================================
|
47ed90ba28c313ebea2102da17829206d0c3b544 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /443/DEPENDENCIES/8_2_data.sci | 4ef1226b874215332e582b62cc86704d19d9c942 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 288 | sci | 8_2_data.sci | //Bore of the engine(in cm)
D=10;
//Length of stroke for square engine(in cm)
L=10;
//Number of cylinders
k=4;
//Volumetric effciency
nv=0.75;
//Speed(in rev/s)
N=40;
//Density of air
Pa=1.15;
//Coefficient of air flow
Cd=0.75;
//Area of orifice(in m^2)
A2=0.25*%pi*0.03^2; |
c75124e98468dbbbe994ae44be20c1d5aaa58d99 | c87a44be475d3008f7d0fcb8dd2eac3b2fa78e94 | /Examples/Chapter_5/Ex5_3.sce | 6e8adcc90a225b7679d01ea06cf4acd9746d878a | [] | no_license | Echeban/icmd3e | 6c766ffafab0137a64de46448879d8a9eed2903c | 6ca0273e322fa390fcabc66669f3f56c9af5a563 | refs/heads/master | 2020-03-27T09:08:47.798549 | 2018-08-27T15:45:44 | 2018-08-27T15:45:44 | 146,316,991 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 272 | sce | Ex5_3.sce | // Example 5.3
mode(0); //prints everything not suppressed with ;
exec('C:\Users\EJB\OneDrive\Scilab\CLT.sci',0); // include CLT.sci
theta = -55;
sigma = [100; 10; -5];// lamina c.s
T = transf(theta)
Tinv = transf(-theta)
sigma_ = Tinv*sigma // laminate c.s.
|
35bb44b06b074a3bb4fdf8aad4336ebabc9e2ea6 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1808/CH3/EX3.41/Chapter3_Exampl41.sce | 60fd69fb07fa72bebfbf727e922cfc84f7b2a3e7 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,758 | sce | Chapter3_Exampl41.sce | clc
clear
//INPUT DATA
cp=1.005;//specific pressure
R=0.287;//gas constant
g=1.4;//constant
t1=303;//temperature in K
t3=1073;//temperature in K in case I
t5=1123;//temperature in K
Rp=4;//pressure ratio
p1=1;//atmospheric pressure in bar
p2=4;//exit pressure in bar
//CALCULATIONS
//case 1
t2=t1*(Rp^((g-1)/g));//Temperature in K
t4=t3/(Rp^((g-1)/g));//Temperature in K
Qs=cp*(t3-t2);//Heat supplied in kJ/kg
wc=cp*(t2-t1);//compressor work in kJ/kg
wt=cp*(t3-t4);//turbine work in kJ/kg
ng=((wt-wc)/(cp*(t3-t2)))*100;//Thermal efficiency in percentage
//case 2
//a regenerator of effectiveness 0.6 is added
t51=0.6*(t4-t2)+t2;//temperature in K
nbr=(((wt-wc)/(cp*(t3-t51))))*100;//Thermal efficiency eith regenerator in percentage
//case 3
pi=(p1*p2)^(1/2);//intermediate pressure
t21=t1*(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t41=t1*(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t61=t3/((Rp)^((g-1)/g));//temperature in K
t7=0.6*(t61-t2)+t21;//temperature in K
Qs1=cp*(t3-t7);//heat added in kJ/kg
wt1=cp*(t3-t61);//turbine work in kJ/kg
wc1=cp*((t41-t1)+(t41-t1));//compressor work in kJ/kg
nt=((wt1-wc1)/Qs1)*100;//Thermal efficiency in percentage
//case 4
t22=t1*(Rp)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t42=t3/(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t62=t3/((pi)^((g-1)/g));//temperature in K
t72=t22+(0.6*(t62-t22));//temperature in K
wc2=cp*(t22-t1);//compressor work in kJ/kg
wt2=cp*((t3-t42)+(t3-t62));//turbine work in kJ/kg
Qs2=cp*((t3-t72)+(t3-t42));//heat added in kJ/kg
ns=((wt2-wc2)/Qs2)*100;//Thermal efficiency in percentage
//case 5
t23=t1*(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t43=t1*(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t73=t3/(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t93=t3/(pi)^((g-1)/g);//temperature in K
t53=0.6*(t93-t43)+t43;//temperature in K
Qs3=cp*((t3-t53)+(t3-t73));//heat added in kJ/kg
wt3=cp*((t3-t93)+(t3-t73));//turbine work in kJ/kg
wc3=cp*((t23-t1)+(t43-t1));//compressor work in kJ/kg
ns1=((wt3-wc3)/Qs3)*100;//Thermal efficiency in percentage
//OUTPUT
printf('CASE I \n (i)Compressor work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (ii)Turbine work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (iii)Thermal efficiency %3.1f percentage \n ',wc,wt,ng)
printf('CASE II \n (i)Compressor work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (ii)Turbine work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (iii)Thermal efficiency %3.1f percentage \n ',wc,wt,nbr)
printf('CASE III \n (i)Compressor work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (ii)Turbine work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (iii)Thermal efficiency %3.1f percentage \n ',wc,wt1,nt)
printf('CASE IV \n (i)Compressor work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (ii)Turbine work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (iii)Thermal efficiency %3.1f percentage \n ',wc2,wt2,ns)
printf('CASE V \n (i)Compressor work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (ii)Turbine work %3.2f kJ/kg \n (iii)Thermal efficiency %3.1f percentage \n ',wc3,wt3,ns1)
|
8f86e025967ded3225777e0e82de9b58004a4ce0 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1184/CH2/EX2.22/Ex2_22.sce | e2beea23f36e0244e8954b186b45abc9881a97cd | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 306 | sce | Ex2_22.sce | //Example 2-22, page no - 55
clear
clc
bw = 1*10^6
XL = 300
Rw = 10
fr =10*10^6
Q1 = XL/Rw
Rp = Rw*(Q1^2+1)
Q2 = fr/bw
Rpnew = Q2*XL
Rext = (Rpnew*Rp)/(Rp-Rpnew)
printf('The value of resistor needed to set the bandwidth of \nthe parellel tuned circuit to 1 Mhz is %.1f ohm',Rext)
|
c4d9305dfd98d0587fdec8962a2560905c8e6ab8 | 8217f7986187902617ad1bf89cb789618a90dd0a | /browsable_source/2.4/Unix-Windows/scilab-2.4/macros/fraclab/flt.sci | 9fd5cdb6a7c64c9a8786f57e4a196a79b1edc3d2 | [
"LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain",
"LicenseRef-scancode-warranty-disclaimer"
] | permissive | clg55/Scilab-Workbench | 4ebc01d2daea5026ad07fbfc53e16d4b29179502 | 9f8fd29c7f2a98100fa9aed8b58f6768d24a1875 | refs/heads/master | 2023-05-31T04:06:22.931111 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 258,270,193 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,481 | sci | flt.sci | function [u,s,x,y] = flt(x,y,ccv) ;
// This Software is ( Copyright INRIA . 1998 1 )
//
// INRIA holds all the ownership rights on the Software.
// The scientific community is asked to use the SOFTWARE
// in order to test and evaluate it.
//
// INRIA freely grants the right to use modify the Software,
// integrate it in another Software.
// Any use or reproduction of this Software to obtain profit or
// for commercial ends being subject to obtaining the prior express
// authorization of INRIA.
//
// INRIA authorizes any reproduction of this Software.
//
// - in limits defined in clauses 9 and 10 of the Berne
// agreement for the protection of literary and artistic works
// respectively specify in their paragraphs 2 and 3 authorizing
// only the reproduction and quoting of works on the condition
// that :
//
// - "this reproduction does not adversely affect the normal
// exploitation of the work or cause any unjustified prejudice
// to the legitimate interests of the author".
//
// - that the quotations given by way of illustration and/or
// tuition conform to the proper uses and that it mentions
// the source and name of the author if this name features
// in the source",
//
// - under the condition that this file is included with
// any reproduction.
//
// Any commercial use made without obtaining the prior express
// agreement of INRIA would therefore constitute a fraudulent
// imitation.
//
// The Software beeing currently developed, INRIA is assuming no
// liability, and should not be responsible, in any manner or any
// case, for any direct or indirect dammages sustained by the user.
//
// Any user of the software shall notify at INRIA any comments
// concerning the use of the Sofware (e-mail : FracLab@inria.fr)
//
// This file is part of FracLab, a Fractal Analysis Software
[x,I] = sortup(x) ;
y = y(I) ;
x0 = x ; y0 = y ;
if exists('ccv') == 0
ccv = 1 ;
end
y = (-2*ccv+1)*y ;
Pdiff = -1 ;
while ~and(Pdiff >= 0)
P = [] ; O = [] ;
Nx = length(x) ;
for i = 1:Nx-1
[slope,origin] = reglin([x(i+1) x(i)],[y(i+1) y(i)]) ;
P(i) = slope ;
O(i) = origin ;
end
Pdiff = mtlb_diff(P) ;
II = find(Pdiff >= 0) ;
if isempty(II)
new_idx = [1 Nx] ;
elseif ~isempty(II)
new_idx = [1 II+1 Nx] ;
end
// disp(new_idx)
x = x(new_idx) ; // disp(x)
y = y(new_idx) ;
end
y = (1 - 2*ccv)*y ;
u = (2*ccv - 1)*O ;
s = (1 - 2*ccv)*P ;
|
a1eeca3bde49cf170f84e1251bdde8c4e23239aa | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /55/CH9/EX9.8/9ex8.sci | 698dfcb870f0fa41b2d460a10e0ba647bc8476d9 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 389 | sci | 9ex8.sci | A=[0 0 0 1;1 0 1 1;1 0 0 1;1 0 1 0];
disp(A,'adjacency matrix of graph G is')
A4=A^4;
A3=A^3;
A2=A^2;
B4=A+A2+A3+A4;
B4=[4 11 7 7 0 0 0 0 3 7 4 4 4 11 7 7];
for i=1:16
if(B4(i)~=0) then
B4(i)=1;
end
end
disp(B4,'Replacing non zero entries of B4 with 1 ,we get path (reachability) matrix P is:')
disp('there are zero entries in P,therefore the graph is not strongly connected') |
b86f843ad201f97d02dacb996fd4d92e87e7c01b | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /24/CH27/EX27.1/Example27_1.sce | ffd6c9dd0923199a9f150a635ad56dc618570bfb | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 290 | sce | Example27_1.sce | //Given that
rate = 450*10^-6 //in m^3/s
e = 1.6*10^-19
Na = 6.023*10^23
M = 18*10^-3 //in kg/mol
density = 1000 //in kg/m^3
//Sample Problem 27-1
printf("**Sample Problem 27-1**\n")
n = 10
i = e*n*Na/M*density*rate
printf("The current of negative charge is equal to %eA", i) |
d0dbbdbc34179bbbaf5da87c6f7b3a614180d663 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2354/CH17/EX17.6/17_6.sce | bc687a43d4921849058b893402e4dad1d629220b | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 351 | sce | 17_6.sce | //example 17.6
clc; funcprot(0);
// Initialization of Variable
m=0.1;
cp=4179;//J/kg/K
q=10^6;//W/m^3
Do=0.04;
Di=0.02;
pi=3.14;
L=4*m*cp/(Do^2-Di^2)/pi/q*(60-20);
disp(L,"tube length in m");
Re=4*m/pi/Di/6.57e-4;
disp(Re,"reynolds number");
qs=q*(Do^2-Di^2)/4/Di;
ho=qs/(70-60);
disp(ho,"local heat coefficient in W/m^2-K");
clear()
|
658d360fa8841e65f22492ce70913cb02141d5e4 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /620/CH4/EX4.6/example4_6.sce | 0ce5c6f0339ddf261c5806133f91807be2abac60 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 127 | sce | example4_6.sce | r1=10;
r2=144;
a_1=0.0045;
T1=20;
T2=(r2/r1-1)/a_1+T1;
disp("the temperature (in °C) of the hot filament is"); disp(T2); |
f1b6005cb0b99d7baf68909e937bcd5bdce9215f | 0812f3bb6f3cc038b570df68ccee4275da04b11f | /models/complexity_1000/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering/CH12/EX12.10/12_10.sce | 71974dcdc3a2e945c58b1e2572efae72a16b4689 | [] | no_license | apelttom/20-semester_PhD_thesis | edc0b55580bae9d364599932cd73cf32509f4b7a | ff28b115fcf5e121525e08021fa0c02b54a8e143 | refs/heads/master | 2018-12-26T22:03:38.510422 | 2018-12-14T20:04:11 | 2018-12-14T20:04:11 | 106,552,276 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 710 | sce | 12_10.sce | clc;
//part I
p1=6.3;//bar
V1!V2=0.55/1.05;
n=1.3;
p2=p1*[(V1!V2)^n];
T1=297;
T2=T1*[(V1!V2)^[n-1]];
disp("Temperature after expansion is:");
disp("C",T2-273);
//part II
p4=1.013;//bar
V4!V5=0.1/0.05;
p5=p4*[(V4!V5)^n];
A=%pi*(63.5)^2;
sweptV=A*114/(4*10^9);
V1_V6=0.5;
V1=0.55;
V2=1.05;
p=1.013;
p3=p;
V3_V4=0.95
V5=0.05;
V4=0.1;
W_op=[10^5*0.361*10^-3]*[p1*(V1_V6)+[(p1*V1-p2*V2)/0.3]-p*V3_V4-[(p5*V5)-p*V4]/0.3]
disp("powar developed is:");
P=W_op*300/(60*010^3);
disp(P);
//part III
y=1.4;
T3=T2*(p3/p2)^((y-1)/y)
T4=T3
R=287
m4=p4*V4*[10^5*0.361*10^-3]/(R*T4);
m1=p1*V1*[10^5*0.361*10^-3]/(R*T1);
ind_mass=(m1-m4);
rate=ind_mass*300;
disp("mass flow rate of air supplied is;");
disp("kg/min",rate)
|
a85a0b40a132dde5b0ad459eaa85ea0452118273 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /710/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sci | e155fa5753cca32f402d3d8b7e42e5672df3405c | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 388 | sci | 4_1.sci | clc();
clear;
//To determine the wavelengths absent in the reflected light
i=40; //angle of incidence
mew=1.2; //refractive index
r=asind(sin(i)/mew);
t=0.23; //thickness of the film
lambda1=(2*mew*t*cosd(r))*10^3
lambda2=lambda1/2;
printf("The wavelength absent is %f nm",lambda1); |
555844ab13e4dbd699d04df7d89e9b01f4fb5e3f | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2615/CH7/EX35.6/35.sce | 781ebd57fcedc148fdc264724fe446d8a747d485 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 209 | sce | 35.sce | clc
//initialisation of variables
a=1/9//m/sec^2
t=180//sec
h=20//m/sec
q=9//m/sec
//CALCULATIONS
S=h*t-(((t)^2)/(q*2))//m
//RESULTS
printf('the distance the train travelled after braking=% f m',S)
|
51973c4c0064b16dc23a4971ecfd6f7196879457 | e41b69b268c20a65548c08829feabfdd3a404a12 | /3DCosmos/Data/Scripts/Samples/Multiviewport.SCI | 6e3cc05a68028f014fa4b1c357e8c6916686e279 | [
"LicenseRef-scancode-khronos",
"MIT"
] | permissive | pvaut/Z-Flux | 870e254bf340047ed2a52d888bc6f5e09357a8a0 | 096d53d45237fb22f58304b82b1a90659ae7f6af | refs/heads/master | 2023-06-28T08:24:56.526409 | 2023-03-01T12:44:08 | 2023-03-01T12:44:08 | 7,296,248 | 1 | 1 | null | 2023-06-13T13:04:58 | 2012-12-23T15:40:26 | C | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,787 | sci | Multiviewport.SCI | codeblock readtextfile(ScriptDir+"\_TOOLS.sci");
sf=T_scene_create;
sss=T_getscene;
sss.ambientlightcolor=color(0.3,0.3,0.3);
#create secundary viewport
displayname=root.displays.getmembers.get(0).name;
vp2=addviewport(0,0.6,0.6,1.0,displayname,displayname);
vp2.name="main";
vp2.UseStereo=false;
vp2.start;
vp2.camerapos=point(0,6,10);
vp2.cameradir=vecnorm(point(0,0,0)-vp2.camerapos);
vp2.cameraupdir=vector(0,1,0);
vp2.NearClipPlane=0.5;
vp2.FarClipPlane=50;
vp2.FocalDistance=10;
vp2.setscene(sss);
vp2.EraseBackground=true;
vp2.framesize=0.01;
refframe=sss.addsubframe("refframe");
sf1=sss.addsubframe("sf1");
sf1.motion=motionrotate.create(sf1);
sf1.motion.normdir=vector(0,1,0);
sf1.motion.rotspeed=0.02;
br=sf1.add("bar");
br.color=color(1,0.5,0.25);
br.sizex=0.5;br.sizey=0.5;br.sizez=0.5;
br.position=point(-0.5*br.sizex,-0.5*br.sizey,-0.5*br.sizez);
bol2=sf1.add("sphere");
bol2.position=point(1,0,0);
bol2.color=color(0.5,1,0);
bol2.radius=0.25;
bol2.resolution=20;
lsf=sf1.addsubframe;
lsf.cancache=true;
sf2=sss.addsubframe("sf2");
sf2.motion=motionrotate.create(sf2);
sf2.motion.normdir=vector(0,1,0);
sf2.motion.rotspeed=-0.04;
br=sf2.add("bar");
br.color=color(1,0.25,0.5);
br.sizex=0.5;br.sizey=0.5;br.sizez=0.5;
br.position=point(-0.5*br.sizex,2-0.5*br.sizey,-0.5*br.sizez);
bol2=sf2.add("sphere");
bol2.position=point(1,2,0);
bol2.color=color(1,0.5,0);
bol2.radius=0.25;
bol2.resolution=20;
root.time=time(2008,1,1,0,0,0);
root.TimeSpeedFactor=20;
while true do {
incrtime;
refframe.clearobjects;
crv=refframe.add("Curve");
crv.CurveRenderType=CurveRenderDot;
crv.Size=2;
crv.Arrow1Size=0.15;
crv.Arrow2Size=0.15;
pt1=sf1.transf*point(1,0,0);
pt2=sf2.transf*point(1,2,0);
crv.makeline(6*pt1+1*pt2,1*pt1+6*pt2);
render;
}
|
18b2595749d71478d408921ef7e65aed26e18c70 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3523/CH3/EX3.7.19/Ex3_19.sce | 18960a5b7b03c4637eb565cf4938636672cc9251 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 329 | sce | Ex3_19.sce | //Example 19// Ch 3
clc;
clear;
close;
// given data
a = 9003;//constant in m-1kPa-1
B = 256584;//in V/m.kPa
p = 0.5;//in kPa
M = 1/(a*p);//mean free path in meters
printf("mean free path of electron in nitrogen %e m",M)
Vi = B/a; //ionization potential of nitrogen
printf("ionization potential of nitrogen %f V",Vi)
|
ae15d19eba36660aac6f30f7cc724cbcc9f3e99d | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1085/CH6/EX6.6/ex6_6.sce | d31109bca2ceabdfa3f501fcc2fad7f4f6c2ea32 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 337 | sce | ex6_6.sce | //Exam:6.6
clc;
clear;
close;
h=6.625*(10^(-34));//Planck's constant(in m2*kg/s)
c=3*10^8;//speed of light (in m/s)
P_o=10*10^3;//Power of radio receiver (in Watt)
v=440*10^3;//Operating frequency
E=h*v;//Energy of each electron
N=P_o/E;//Number of photons emitted/sec
disp(N,'Number of photons emitted/sec by radio receiver=') |
b3728bd4c5615b45e9d8af4ff3cd26d60f516241 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /692/CH6/EX6.4/P6_4.sce | a2f044958b8d900e21787f038224019304a9fede | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 126 | sce | P6_4.sce | //EXAMPLE 6.4
//Z-Transform
clc;
clear;
syms n z;
x = (-0.6)^n;
X = nusum(x*((1/z)^n),n,0,%inf);
limit(X);
disp(X,' X = ');
|
66fb6d8f7116174ec480ec4468de6d9c043d3a55 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /647/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce | 80e6e365c8226d629a3ae64939c0e4fd1ae8e6de | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 830 | sce | Example8_6.sce | clear;
clc;
// Example: 8.6
// Page: 303
printf("Example: 8.6 - Page: 303\n\n");
// Solution
//*****Data******//
Tl = 273;// [K]
Th = 313;// [K]
H1 = 187;// [Enthalpy of saturated vapour at 273 K, kJ/kg]
H3 = 74;// [Enthalpy of saturated liquid at 313 K,kJ/kg]
H4 = H3;// [kJ/kg]
H2 = 204;// [Enthalpy of Supersaturated Vapour at 273 K, kJ/kg]
//****************//
// Solution (i)
// COP = Ql/Wnet;
COP = ((H1 - H4)/(H2 - H1));
printf("Enthalpy of saturated vapour is %.2f\n",COP);
// Solution (ii)
Ref_Effect = H1 - H4;// [kJ/kg]
printf("Refrigerating Effect is %d kJ/kg\n",Ref_Effect);
// Solution (iii)
COP = Tl/(Th - Tl);
printf("The COP of an ideal Carnot refrigerator is %.2f\n",COP);
// Solution (iv)
W = H2 - H1;// [kJ/kg]
printf("Work done by the compression is %.2f kJ/kg\n",W); |
87cc4094f21196d1a5bb80de94da450e816724e6 | d465fcea94a1198464d7f8a912244e8a6dcf41f9 | /kMatlab/kGetSpeed.sci | 8ef283500c7f3fd8e2670220af0e5ab5e8ceb8c2 | [] | no_license | manasdas17/kiks-scilab | 4f4064ed7619cad9e2117a6c0040a51056c938ee | 37dc68914547c9d0f423008d44e973ba296de67b | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-15T14:18:21.918789 | 2009-05-11T05:43:11 | 2009-05-11T05:43:11 | null | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 627 | sci | kGetSpeed.sci | function [r] = kGetSpeed(ref)
// Ouput variables initialisation (not found in input variables)
r=[];
// Display mode
mode(0);
// Display warning for floating point exception
ieee(1);
//KGETSPEED Get the instantaneous speed of Khepera
//
//value = kGetSpeed(ref)
// Return a vector of 2 values corresponding to the speed of
// the wheels of Khepera.
// Use the reference obtained with kopen.
reply = kcmd(ref,"E");
// !! L.10: Matlab function sscanf not yet converted, original calling sequence used
[value,count,errmsg] = sscanf(reply,"e,%d,%d");
if isempty(errmsg) then
r = value;
else
r = -1;
end;
endfunction
|
c4673b124f9a442b47288b58f57dcbb300675c16 | 0e1b45c07f0938ba9c8a003d6ae1cf2d8315efdb | /acmp.ru/379, Game with date/java/test-03.tst | 65be450d268b0e3a4aa6de71f3f77a5c06ffe721 | [] | no_license | Kot-Angens/acm | c85d8582c3e84f218415321743864b9680e01f2e | 05472eaa0fff7abb6679826085da5e0c990df4cb | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-24T22:36:05.159612 | 2012-10-02T13:51:56 | 2012-10-02T13:51:56 | null | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 35 | tst | test-03.tst | 29 11
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2
|
c3ad4d718b868da10d9d2703c13d3c621f48f836 | 4038e640183a33a5edcfa99a2f4dcfe5153a500e | /Guass_with_start.sce | 32178fe969eac18a860210367a21743b75819f9c | [] | no_license | BrenoPeixotobr/scilabcodes | 2da4518cb6449942e39fae5b3319ed99ea226c43 | 213bdae495fc97ff24b7625a2be30449798e5e4d | refs/heads/master | 2020-07-11T12:43:20.753002 | 2019-09-17T14:58:34 | 2019-09-17T14:58:34 | 204,541,979 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 789 | sce | Guass_with_start.sce | /* refinamento de solução
r = b -Ax
uma solução aproximada
X¹=X⁰+xC⁰
Ax¹=b
A(X⁰+C⁰)=b
*/
function [x,residuo] = Gauss(A,b)
[m,n] = size(A);
b1=b;
A1=A;
for k = 1:n-1
for i = k+1:n
mult = A(k,k)/A(i,k);
b(i)=b(k)-mult*b(i);
A(i,k:n) = A(k,k:n)-mult*A(i,k:n);
end
end
// retrosubstituicao
x = zeros(n,1);
x(n)=b(n)/A(n,n);
for i = n-1:-1:1
x(i) = (b(i)-A(i,i+1:n)*x(i+1:n))/A(i,i);
end
residuo=b1-(A1*x);
endfunction
A=[2 -1 4 1 -1;-1 3 -2 -1 2;5 1 3 -4 1;3 -2 -2 -2 3;-4 -1 -5 3 -4];
b=[7;1;33;24;-80];
[a1,a2]=Gauss(A,b);
r=a2;
C=[];
x=a1;
for interacao=1:1000
erro=norm(r,'inf');
if(erro<10^(-14))
disp(interacao);
break;
else
[L,U]=lu(A);
Y=L\r;
C=U\Y;
x=x+C;
r=b-A*x
end
end
|
64449500186bb34a28424b830f784bf7c58a8c8e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2741/CH8/EX8.13/Chapter8_Example13.sce | c237141e195759594eb234419ab30b95cdfac30d | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 454 | sce | Chapter8_Example13.sce | clc
clear
//Input data
S=2.3;//Solar constant in cal/cm^2/minute
r=7*10^10;//The radius of the sun in cm
R=1.5*10^13;//The distance between the sun and the earth in cm
s=1.37*10^-12;//Stefans constant in cal/cm^2/s
//Calculations
E=(S/60)*(R/r)^(2);//The energy radiated from the sun in cal/s
T=(E/s)^(1/4);//The black body temperature of the sun in K
//Output
printf('The black body temperature of the sun is T = %3.0f K ',T)
|
72ddd77ef8fdd6aef95fed01ae3efa3654ab5db0 | 08fe4df45181e37cb84ba1610cdfb219b4142434 | /macros/GenXcosHelpXml.sci | 4e014b9d614f90441647ca9073d51a09cb705bcf | [] | no_license | gzq763199198/AutoGenHelpToolBox | 17c7db64547e0e196806464f47b788d6ae33bf2e | c85275e8a7a1cd2ab3e19db5b283e9d1e9502843 | refs/heads/master | 2021-02-17T04:02:18.470172 | 2020-03-05T04:35:44 | 2020-03-05T04:35:44 | 245,069,411 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 13,564 | sci | GenXcosHelpXml.sci | function GenXcosHelpXml()
global xcosobj;
global AutoGenHelpToolbox_root;
//file operation
parentdir = xcosobj.Destdir + filesep();
//copy sce script file to dest dir
scriptfile_path = AutoGenHelpToolbox_root + "examples"+filesep()+"tmpFile"+filesep()+"xml2jar_script.sce";
copyfile(parentdir, scriptfile_path);
//New FileDir to save Icon... images
imagesdir = parentdir + "images" + filesep();
mkdir(parentdir, "images");
//copy Icon images to here
[path, fname, extension] = fileparts(xcosobj.Icon);
Iconpath = imagesdir + fname + extension;
copyfile(xcosobj.Icon, Iconpath);
//New FileDir to save Xcos demos
demosdir = parentdir + "demos" + filesep();
mkdir(parentdir, "demos");
//copy .xcos demos file to here
if xcosobj.DemofilePath <> "0" then
[path, fname, extension] = fileparts(xcosobj.DemofilePath);
DemoName = fname + extension;
Demopath = demosdir + fname + extension;
copyfile(xcosobj.DemofilePath, Demopath);
end
//New FileDir to save Xml File
xmlpath = parentdir + "HelpSourceFile" + filesep() + "XmlFiles" + filesep();
mkdir(parentdir + "HelpSourceFile" + filesep(), "XmlFiles");
savefilepath = xmlpath + xcosobj.XcosBlockName + ".xml";
//copy chapter file to Genxmlfile
copyfile(AutoGenHelpToolbox_root+"examples"+filesep()+"tmpFile"+filesep()+"CHAPTER", xmlpath + "CHAPTER");
// Build xml_doc file
blockname = xcosobj.XcosBlockName;
s = "<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?>"+...
"<refentry xml:id="""+blockname+""">"+...//1
"<refnamediv>"+...//1-1
"<refname>"+xcosobj.XcosBlockName+"</refname>"+...//1-1-1
"<refpurpose>"+xcosobj.Overview+"</refpurpose>"+...//1-1-2
"</refnamediv>"+...
"<refsection>"+...//1-2
"<title>模块显示</title>"+...//1-2-1
"<para>"+...//1-2-2
"<inlinemediaobject>"+...//1-2-2-1
"<imageobject>"+...//1-2-2-1-1
"<imagedata fileref="""+Iconpath+""" align=""center"" valign=""middle""/>"+...//1-2-2-1-1-1
"</imageobject>"+...
"</inlinemediaobject>"+...
"</para>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Contents_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO://1-3
"<title>内容提要</title>"+...//1-3-1
"<itemizedlist>"+...//1-3-2
"<listitem>"+...//1-3-2-1
"<para>"+...//1-3-2-1-1
"<link linkend="""+blockname+""">"+blockname+"模块"+"</link>"+...//TODO://1-3-2-1-1-1
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...//1-3-2-2
"<itemizedlist>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Description_"+blockname+""">功能描述</xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Dialogbox_"+blockname+""">输入输出参数说明 </xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Interfacingfunction_"+blockname+""">接口函数</xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Computationalfunction_"+blockname+""">计算函数</xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Seealso_"+blockname+""">参见</xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+...
"<xref linkend="""+"Author_"+blockname+""">作者</xref>"+...//TODO:
"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Description_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO://1-4
"<title>功能描述</title>"+...
"<itemizedlist>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+xcosobj.Detailed+"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Dialogbox_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO://1-5
"<title>输入端口</title>"+...//1-5-1
"<itemizedlist>"+...//1-5-2---->1-5-2-1,1-5-2-2,...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"<title>输出端口</title>"+...//1-5-3
"<itemizedlist>"+...//1-5-4---->1-5-4-1,1-5-4-2,...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"<title>参数设置</title>"+...//1-5-5
"<itemizedlist>"+...//1-5-6---->1-5-6-1,1-5-6-2,...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Interfacingfunction_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO://1-5
"<title>接口函数</title>"+...
"<itemizedlist>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+xcosobj.InterName+"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Computationalfunction_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO:
"<title>计算函数</title>"+...
"<itemizedlist>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+xcosobj.CalcuName+"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Seealso_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO:
"<title>参见</title>"+...
"<simplelist type=""inline"">"+...
"<member>"+...
"<link linkend="""+xcosobj.SeeAlso+""">"+xcosobj.SeeAlso+"</link>"+...
"</member>"+...
"</simplelist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"<refsection id="""+"Author_"+blockname+""">"+...//TODO:
"<title>作者</title>"+...
"<itemizedlist>"+...
"<listitem>"+...
"<para>"+xcosobj.Author+"</para>"+...
"</listitem>"+...
"</itemizedlist>"+...
"</refsection>"+...
"</refentry>"
doc = xmlReadStr(s);
//Input
if xcosobj.Input == "0" then
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1.content = "无";
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(1) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
end
for i = 1:strtod(xcosobj.Input)
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"emphasis");
inNodeChild1Child1.attributes.role = "bold";
inNodeChild1Child1.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Name(i);
inNodeChild2 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild2.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim1(i)+"×"+xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim2(i)+" "+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Type(i)+" "+xcosobj.ParamsData.Details(i);
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(i) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(i).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(i).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1Child1;
doc.root.children(5).children(2).children(i).children(2) = inNodeChild2;
end
//Output
if xcosobj.Output == "0" then
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1.content = "无";
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(1) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
end
for i = 1:strtod(xcosobj.Output)
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"emphasis");
inNodeChild1Child1.attributes.role = "bold";
inNodeChild1Child1.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Name(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+i);
inNodeChild2 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild2.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim1(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+i)+"×"+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim2(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+i)+" "+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Type(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+i)+" "+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Details(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+i);
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(i) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(i).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(i).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1Child1;
doc.root.children(5).children(4).children(i).children(2) = inNodeChild2;
end
//Params
if xcosobj.Params == "0" then
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1.content = "无";
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(1) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
end
for i = 1:strtod(xcosobj.Params)
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"emphasis");
inNodeChild1Child1.attributes.role = "bold";
inNodeChild1Child1.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Name(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+strtod(xcosobj.Output)+i);
inNodeChild2 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild2.content = xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim1(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+strtod(xcosobj.Output)+i)+"×"+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Dim2(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+strtod(xcosobj.Output)+i)+" "+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Type(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+strtod(xcosobj.Output)+i)+" "+...
xcosobj.ParamsData.Details(strtod(xcosobj.Input)+strtod(xcosobj.Output)+i);
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(i) = inNode;
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(i).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(i).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1Child1;
doc.root.children(5).children(6).children(i).children(2) = inNodeChild2;
end
if (xcosobj.DemofilePath <> "0") then
//增加引导条目
// "<listitem>"+...
// "<para>"+...
// "<xref linkend="""+"Example_"+blockname+""">示例</xref>"+...//TODO:
// "</para>"+...
// "</listitem>"+...
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"listitem");
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"para");
inNodeChild1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"xref");
inNodeChild1Child1.attributes.linkend = "Example_"+blockname;
inNodeChild1Child1.content = "示例";
doc.root.children(3).children(2).children(2).children(1).children(4.5) = inNode;
doc.root.children(3).children(2).children(2).children(1).children(5).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
doc.root.children(3).children(2).children(2).children(1).children(5).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild1Child1;
//增加具体导向条目
inNode = xmlElement(doc,"refsection");
inNode.attributes.id = "Example_"+blockname;
inNodeChild1 = xmlElement(doc,"title");
inNodeChild1.content = "示例";
inNodeChild2 = xmlElement(doc,"link");
inNodeChild2.attributes.type = "scilab";
inNodeChild2.attributes.linkend = xcosobj.XcosBlockName+".xcos/demos/"+DemoName;
inNodeChild2Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"inlinemediaobject");
inNodeChild2Child1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"imageobject");
inNodeChild2Child1Child1Child1 = xmlElement(doc,"imagedata");
inNodeChild2Child1Child1Child1.attributes.align = "center";
inNodeChild2Child1Child1Child1.attributes.valign = "middle";
inNodeChild2Child1Child1Child1.attributes.fileref = Demopath;
doc.root.children(7.5) = inNode;
doc.root.children(8).children(1) = inNodeChild1;
doc.root.children(8).children(2) = inNodeChild2;
doc.root.children(8).children(2).children(1) = inNodeChild2Child1;
doc.root.children(8).children(2).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild2Child1Child1;
doc.root.children(8).children(2).children(1).children(1).children(1) = inNodeChild2Child1Child1Child1;
end
xmlDump(doc);
xmlWrite(doc,savefilepath,%t);
disp("生成xcos模块帮助文档成功！");
disp(xcosobj.XcosBlockName + ".xml" + "文件保存位置为:");
disp(" " + xmlpath);
//TODO:善后操作
xmlDelete(doc);
clearglobal xcosobj;
clearglobal bOK;
clearglobal Stop;
endfunction
|
7a37b7b617cc4c9b06fe5e523dc6475383053f8c | fa428f297a915e9a041597642bfe29627ab69c42 | /app/views/static/contact.sce | f95242b8feb88ec72db03bff2cc876b0a02dc431 | [] | no_license | TheBrenny/Web-Dev-and-Security | dff903be92838b14f7126dd1f7092922b86bf2cc | e4abb96dc24e606704b09f5acdd2684d6d5d577d | refs/heads/main | 2023-06-17T08:33:35.176024 | 2021-06-15T05:07:20 | 2021-06-15T05:07:20 | 343,603,444 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 729 | sce | contact.sce | [[i= partials/header ]]
[[i= partials/navbar ]]
<div class="container" style="width: 100%;flex-flow:row;">
[[i= static/sidebar ]]
<div class="container center" style="width:78%;">
<h1>Contact Us</h1>
<form enctype="application/json" style="gap:1em;display:flex;flex-flow:column;" method="POST" action="/contact">
<input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Your Name" value="[[user.name]]">
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Your Email">
<textarea name="message" style="width:100%;height:10em" placeholder="Your Message"></textarea>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</div>
</div>
[[i= partials/footer ]] |
a6045116133b70d78fc3dfa09e54ad938acd0f02 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1946/CH2/EX2.1/Ex_2_1.sce | bb559464d9d5b8d0959ca1c26c7979b69090c62b | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 455 | sce | Ex_2_1.sce | // Example 2.1:Thickness
clc;
clear;
close;
pi=3.14;
n1=3.5;//Waveguide Refractive Index
n2=3.0;//Cladding Refractive Index
v=6;// number of modes
h=1.5;// wavelenght in micro meter
Os= asind(n2/n1)// angle in degree
th= round(12*pi*h)/(2*pi*n1*cosd(Os));// Thickness of the film
disp(th,"Thickness of film in mircometers")
disp("Thcikness of the film should be less than 5 micro meter so that only six modes will be guided along the fiber")
|
1c31066bfbd5ac62e7cb1345ad77544335761c6b | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1997/CH2/EX2.8/example8.sce | 9c6afe9a17c8c6af02d6e189f7d2cced5d75ec27 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 673 | sce | example8.sce | //Chapter-2 example 8
//=============================================================================
clc;
clear;
//input data
F = 9; //Noise figure in dB
BW = 3*10^6; // Bandwidth
To = 290; // Temperature in kelvin
K = 1.38*10^-23; // Boltzman constant
//Calculations
F1 = 10^(F/10) //antilog calculation
Pmin = (K*To*BW)*(F1-1);//minimum receivable power
//Output
mprintf('Minimum receivable power Pmin = %3.4f pW',Pmin*10^12);
mprintf('\n Calculation error at Pmin in textbook');
//==============================================================================
|
de54546e357259535a04d615c50b33573563bfd9 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2153/CH3/EX3.19/ex_3_19.sce | 96ef81d19ef9c8dff6cfe768982b10e8a8a56658 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 381 | sce | ex_3_19.sce | //Example 3.19 : spacing
clc;
clear;
close;
//given data :
h1=2;
k1=0;
l1=0;
h2=2;
k2=2;
l2=0;
h3=1;
k3=1;
l3=1;
r=1.246;
a=(4*r)/sqrt(2);// in angstrum
//d=a/sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2)
d1=a/sqrt(h1^2+k1^2+l1^2);
d2=a/sqrt(h2^2+k2^2+l2^2);
d3=a/sqrt(h3^2+k3^2+l3^2);
disp(d1,"d_200 spacind,d1(angstrom) = ")
disp(d2,"d_220 spacind,d2(angstrom) = ")
disp(d3,"d_111 spacind,d3(angstrom) = ")
|
9212616bfb6251886ff26d2a3597f9f7e065fe41 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2165/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce | 8bfaecafc9082a8c742fa899d2cbbe6731b948cb | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 499 | sce | 3_12.sce | clc
//initialisation of variables
p=120//lb/in^2
ts=264//degree C
T1=(273+130.6)//F
v=0.0171//ft^3/lb
L1=518.4//lb
T2=(273+171.9)//F
L2=487.4//lb
Cp=0.48//lb
L=0.0894/Cp//lb
Ts=T2*1.205//degree
ta=536-273//Degree C
T=649.9//C.H.U
S=131.2//C.H.U
w=(144*40)/1400*(10.49-v)//C.H.U
C=T-S//C.H.U
I=C-w//C.H.U
E=(704.7-57.8)//C.H.U
E1=E-606.5//C.H.U
//CALCULATIONS
E1=E-606.5//C.H.U
H=(704.7-T)//C.H.U
//RESULTS
printf('Heat and internal energy after each operation=% f C.H.U',H)
|
6fef6bb4affad10bd771b49248df4534c806906f | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1946/CH10/EX10.8.a/Ex_10_8_a.sce | e19965b8d3698dc0163e2e3af5ae07aaafb73800 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 513 | sce | Ex_10_8_a.sce | // Example 10.8.a;//MIMIMUM PHOTO CURRENT
clc;
clear;
close;
x=1;
SNR=3.16*10^3;//SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
Fn=1,26;//Noise figure
K=1.38*10^-23;//boltzman constt
C=3*10^8;//SPEED of light in meter per second
e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt.
B=10;//bandwidth in mega hertz
T=120;//tEMPERATURE IN KELVIN
Rl=10//Maximum lod resistance in killo ohm
Ip=(((SNR*((12*K*T*B*10^6*Fn)/(Rl*10^3))))/(((4*K*T*Fn)/(1.1*e*Rl*10^3)))^(2/3))^(3/4);//
disp(Ip,"Photo current in ampere")
|
6865390cfe0db452c70d832272215d841d0baa9f | 8217f7986187902617ad1bf89cb789618a90dd0a | /browsable_source/2.1.1/Unix/scilab-2.1.1/demos/velpic/snapshot.sci | f3b4c84577b4aa357ad9655633edfe6387335a22 | [
"MIT",
"LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain",
"LicenseRef-scancode-warranty-disclaimer"
] | permissive | clg55/Scilab-Workbench | 4ebc01d2daea5026ad07fbfc53e16d4b29179502 | 9f8fd29c7f2a98100fa9aed8b58f6768d24a1875 | refs/heads/master | 2023-05-31T04:06:22.931111 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 258,270,193 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 3,880 | sci | snapshot.sci | //[pk]=snapshot(pt,view,frames,pmode)
//[pk]=snapshot(pt[,view][,frames][,pmode])
//Plot sequence of matrices from a cube (representing snapshots)
//where the structure of the cube is represented by a matrix
//one big matrix of dimension mN x N, i.e.:
//
// | p1 |
// | p2 |
// pt= | . | and pk is an NxN matrix
// | . |
// | pm |
//
//
// ___________
// /| /| view='top'
// p1 -----/ | / |
// / | /--------------------- first matrix
// /_________ / | |
// | | | |-- first matrix |
// | |_____|____| / |
// | / | / / V
// pm ---|-/ | /-------------/------ last matrix
// |/ |-- last matrix /
// |_________|/
// view='front'
//
//
// pt :matrix of dimension mN x N
// view :character chain taking values 'top' or 'front'.
// :values of view are used as described in above figure.
// :default value of view is 'top'.
// frames :frames is either of the form frames=fi:fstep:ff
// :or frames=fstep (in which case frames=1:fstep:m) and
// :indicates which subsequence of the collection of
// :matrices is to be displayed. Default is frames=1:1:m.
// pmode :pmode='3d' for 3d plots and pmode='c' for contour plots
// :default is '3d'
// pk :last frame plotted by snapshot
//
//!
//author: C. Bunks date: 1-NOV-90
[pr,pc]=size(pt);
kmax=pr/pc;
if ent(kmax)<>kmax then,
write(%io(2),'Give matrix column length:')
pc=read(%io(1),1,1);
kmax=pr/pc;
end,
write(%io(2),'Total Number of Frames: '+string(kmax)),
//default evaluation
[lhs,rhs]=argn(0);
if rhs=1 then, view='top'; frames=1:kmax; pmode='3d'; end,
if rhs=2 then,
if type(view)=10 then,
if view='top' then,
frames=1:kmax; pmode='3d';
else,
if view='front' then,
frames=1:kmax; pmode='3d';
else,
pmode=view; view='top'; frames1:kmax;
end,
end,
else,
frames=view; view='top'; pmode='3d';
if maxi(size(frames))=1 then,
if frames>0 then,
frames=1:frames:kmax;
else,
frames=kmax:frames:1;
end,
end,
end,
end,
if rhs=3 then,
if type(view)=10 then,
if view='top' then,
if type(frames)=10 then
pmode=frames; frames=1:kmax;
else,
pmode='3d';
end,
else,
if view='front' then,
if type(frames)=10 then
pmode=frames; frames=1:kmax;
else,
pmode='3d';
end,
else,
pmode='3d';
end,
end,
else,
pmode=frames; frames=view; view='top';
if maxi(size(frames))=1 then,
if frames>0 then,
frames=1:frames:kmax;
else,
frames=kmax:frames:1;
end,
end,
end,
end,
if maxi(size(frames))=1 then,
if frames>0 then,
frames=1:frames:kmax;
else,
frames=kmax:frames:1;
end,
end,
//plot
for k=frames,
if view='top' then,
pk=pt((k-1)*pc+1:k*pc,:);
else,
pk=pt(k:pc:pr,:);
end,
if pmode='3d' then,
plotdb(pk,'agc',[0,%pi/4],'x'),pause,xbasc();
else,
contour(1:pc,1:pc,pk,10),pause,xbasc();
end,
end,
//end
|
b72ca1ceaed5dad6833966b0782c71ab1fcf47d5 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /911/CH14/EX14.1.b/ex_14_1_b.sce | 21ab9602b073ea7ceec073edc1a6642d93481612 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 191 | sce | ex_14_1_b.sce | //example 14.1.b//
clc
//clears the screen//
clear
//clears all existing variables//
r=16*1024;
//given rom capacity//
column=sqrt(r)
disp(column,' no of registers in each column = ') |
c9c3aa8f79357765deee31d97c149faeb3f00405 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1892/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce | 201023afa3f6976b2a6716bdf9a0fd08218b7a61 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 581 | sce | Example2_4.sce | // Example 2.4
clear; clc; close;
format('v',7);
// Given data
f=50;//in Hz
Z1m=3+%i*2.7;//in ohm
Z1a=7+%i*3;//in ohm
alfa=90;//in degree
//Calculations
//Z1a=7+%i*3-%i*Xc;//in ohm(Xc assumed to be connected in auxiliary winding)
fi_a=90-atand(imag(Z1m),real(Z1m))
R1a=real(Z1a);//in ohm
X1a=imag(Z1a);//in ohm
X=tand(fi_a)*R1a;//in ohm
Xc=X+X1a;//in ohm
C=1/2/%pi/f/Xc;//in Farad
disp(C*10^6,"Value of capacitance in micro farad : ");
//Note : In the book, Torque is calculated even not asked in question and not given the sufficient data to calculate it.
|
2228ef9112c20ba8fe7a3b2b920bc590bb097634 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2471/CH3/EX3.13/Ex3_13.sce | 790a63c331ff52c536426768bb6f97225d55ae9d | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 792 | sce | Ex3_13.sce | clear ;
clc;
// Example 3.13
printf('Example 3.13\n\n');
printf('Page No. 73\n\n');
// given
Cash_out = 80000;// Present value of cash outflow for project F in Pound
n = 5;// years
Cash_in= [50000 40000 30000 20000 10000]// Cashn in \flow for project F in Pound
NPV = 0;//At the end of 5 years
//Let the unknown rate for project F be rm.
//The amount standing at the end of 5 years is\n => 0 = 80000*(1+rm)^5 - 50000*(1+rm)^4 - 40000*(1+rm)^3 - 30000*(1+rm)^2 - 20000*(1+rm)^1 - 10000
// By taking (1+rm) = x\n =>8*x^5 - 5*x^4 - 4*x^3 - 3*x^2 - 2*x - 1 = 0\n\n')
function y=fsol1(x)
y= 8*x^5 - 5*x^4 - 4*x^3 - 3*x^2 - 2*x - 1;
endfunction
[xres]=fsolve(100,fsol1);
xres
rm = (xres - 1)*100;
printf('The value of rm for project F is %3.0f per cent\n',ceil(rm))
|
ee52aa761962324e61398c4046cac6dd8239e70a | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1364/CH9/EX9.8.3/9_8_3.sce | ceb8a04ca7ef00e2290e410f7898946c13ef72ce | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 185 | sce | 9_8_3.sce | clc
//initialisation of variables
N= 1800 //rev/min
Vm= 60 //mile/hour
V= 300 //mile/hour
r= 10
//CALCULATIONS
Nm= N*Vm*r/V
//RESULTS
printf (' rotary speed= %.f rev/min',Nm)
|
92d1257e20d5d760e9c3e2df867aa2c709919be9 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1898/CH5/EX5.21/Ex5_21.sce | e30573bbe1735c97f17f9673cb47efa6f6b798fa | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 828 | sce | Ex5_21.sce | clear all; clc;
disp("Scilab Code Ex 5.21 : ")
//Given:
l = 1.5; //m
G = 42*10^3; //GPa
co = 50; //mm
ci = 25;//mm
shear_y = 84; //N/mm^2
strain_y = 0.002; //rad
//Plastic Torque:
T_p = ((2*%pi)*(co^3 - ci^3)*shear_y)/3;
phi_p = (strain_y*l*10^3)/ci;
J = (%pi/2)*(co^4 - ci^4);
shear_r = (T_p*co)/J;
shear_i = (shear_r*ci)/(co);// shear = Tc/J
G = shear_y/strain_y;
phi_dash = (T_p*l*10^3)/(J*G); //phi = TpL/JG;
phi = phi_p - phi_dash;
T_p = T_p/10^6;
//Display:
printf('\n\nThe plastic torque Tp = %1.2f x 10^6 Nmm',T_p);
printf('\nThe permanent twist of the tube if Tp is removed = %1.5f rad',phi);
//----------------------------------------------------------------END------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
d796e199a6c7d9fcddd27143c80a2f9979842eac | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3681/CH4/EX4.23/Ex4_23.sce | e66cd8ea809a729aadbacfabae421451dd1b8787 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,283 | sce | Ex4_23.sce | // Calculating the efficiency of machine and amount of cooling water
clc;
disp('Example 4.23, Page No. = 4.50')
// Given Data
MVA = 30;// MVA rating of turbo-alternator
Ti = 15;// Inlet temperature of air (in degree celsius)
To = 45;// Outlet temperature of air (in degree celsius)
H = 750;// Baromatric height (in mm of mercury)
Va = 30;// Volume of air (in meter cube per second)
nf = 0.4;// Fan efficiency
cp = 1000;// Specific heat of air at constant pressure (in J per kg per degree celsius)
V = 0.78;// Volume of 1 kg of air at N.T.P. (in meter cube)
pf = 0.8;// Power factor
// Calculation of the efficiency of machine
T = To-Ti;// Temperature rise limit (in degree celsius)
Q = Va/((V*10^(3)/(cp*T))*((Ti+273)/273)*(760/H));// Total losses (in kW)
P_out = 30*10^(3)*pf;// Output power (in kW)
n = P_out/(P_out+Q)*100;// Fan power (in kW)
disp(n,'(a) Efficiency of machine (in percentage)=');
// Calculation of the amount of cooling water
T = 8;// Temperature rise of water (in degree celsius)
Vw = 0.24*Q/T;// Amount of cooling water (in litre per second)
disp(Vw,'(b) Amount of cooling water (litre per second)=');
//in book efficiency is equal to 95.7% and amount of cooling water 32.4 (litre per second). The answers vary due to round off error
|
cd160c022c5913fda56040d3e8e28eaa79096375 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /1670/CH11/EX11.7/11_7.sce | fb8e766e1f21b090f7d147fd7729588355924860 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,285 | sce | 11_7.sce | //Example 11.7
//Relaxation Method
//Page no. 376
clc;clear;close;
for i=0:4
for j=0:4
if i==0 | j==0 then
U(5-i,j+1)=0
elseif i==4 | j==4
U(5-i,j+1)=(i*j)^2
else
U(5-i,j+1)=0;
end
end
end
S=['A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I']
disp(U)
deff('y=d(i,j)','y=(U(i-1,j-1)+U(i+1,j+1)+U(i-1,j+1)+U(i+1,j-1))/4') //diagonal 5 point formula
deff('y=s(i,j,l)','y=(U(i-l,j)+U(i+l,j)+U(i,j-l)+U(i,j+l))/4') //std 5 point formula
U(3,3)=s(3,3,2);
for k=0:0
p=3;
for i=2:4
for j=2:4
if k==0 & (i==3 & j==3) then
printf('\n U %s(%i) = %g\n',S(i+j-p),k,U(i,j))
continue
end
if k==0 & i==4 & j==2 then
U(i,j)=d(i,j)
else
U(i,j)=s(i,j,1)
end
if k==0 then
printf('\n U %s = %g\n',S(i+j-p),U(i,j))
else
printf('\n U %s(%i) = %g\n',S(i+j-p),k,U(i,j))
end
end
p=p-2;
end
printf('\n\n')
end
printf('\nHence the solution is : \n\n')
p=3;
for i=2:4
for j=2:4
printf(' U%s = %.3f, ',S(i+j-p),U(i,j))
end
p=p-2
end |
c367582f52bf171508386780dbb93e8c52388fec | b6bf377ad0dd93166c29119fdaf090d104caf3b7 | / extensiblesimulationofplanetsandcomets --username lasxrcista/OfficialThesis/MyCode/NewtonNBody.sci | e640fd3a3c4f6e982d7e61337afbec653396a43d | [] | no_license | tectronics/extensiblesimulationofplanetsandcomets | d69905f0406bf552043dd0e244ea889a55922ef9 | d9d59841d1d177026e60245d3f99c879ee0f8ca0 | refs/heads/master | 2018-01-11T15:15:54.659208 | 2009-07-21T21:22:33 | 2009-07-21T21:22:33 | 47,740,385 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 2,303 | sci | NewtonNBody.sci |
function xyp=f1(t,Z);
name = 1;
xPosition = 2;
yPosition = 3;
xVelocity = 4;
yVelocity = 5;
radius = 6;
mass = 7;
redColor = 8;
greenColor = 9;
blueColor = 10;
textureImage = 11;
parentBody = 12;
aphelionFromParent = 13;
perihelionFromParent = 14;
g = 15;
rotationAngleXYPlane = 16;
//G=12
//get the size of this beast(all planetary/cometary data)
//number of columns equals the number of planets.
numPlanets = max(size(Z))/16;
numAttributes = 16;
//for each planet, calculate thier coordinates.
for i=1:numPlanets
eqnSumX = 0;
eqnSumY = 0;
calcRadius = 0;
//calculating each individual component of the gravitational equation.
for j=1:numPlanets
if j <> i then
calcRadius = ((Z(xPosition + (numAttributes*(i-1))) - ...
Z(xPosition+(numAttributes*(j-1))))^2 + ...
(Z(yPosition+(numAttributes*(i-1))) - ...
Z(yPosition+(numAttributes*(j-1))))^2)^(1/2);
//theradius = disp([calcRadius]);
eqnSumX = eqnSumX + ((Z(mass+(numAttributes*(j-1))) * ...
(Z(xPosition+(numAttributes*(i-1))) - ...
Z(xPosition+(numAttributes*(j-1))) )) / abs(calcRadius)^3);
eqnSumY = eqnSumY + ((Z(mass+(numAttributes*(j-1))) * ...
(Z(yPosition+(numAttributes*(i-1))) - ...
Z(yPosition+(numAttributes*(j-1))) )) / abs(calcRadius)^3);
end
end
//after each component is summed up (which is a property of the
//gravitational equation, set the values back to what they
// should be:
xyp(xPosition+(numAttributes*(i-1))) = ...
Z(xVelocity+(numAttributes*(i-1)));
xyp(xVelocity+(numAttributes*(i-1))) = ...
-Z(g+(numAttributes*(i-1))) * eqnSumX;
xyp(yPosition+(numAttributes*(i-1))) = ...
Z(yVelocity+(numAttributes*(i-1)));
xyp(yVelocity+(numAttributes*(i-1))) = ...
-Z(g+(numAttributes*(i-1))) * eqnSumY;
//clear out the mass values, so the function doesn't add to them.
for k=1:numPlanets
xyp(mass + (numAttributes*(k-1))) = 0;
xyp(g + (numAttributes*(i-1))) = 0;
xyp(rotationAngleXYPlane + (numAttributes*(i-1))) = 0;
end
end
endfunction
gravFunc = f1
|
a19fa341ae4d3520d89a8c66bdc0333b7cdbfe69 | 91da29a7783c3162b1b743ad75d48814bd1f556e | /2_año/MN/GaussElimPP.sce | e3f00b3d98e9303a77b1da8657843e7a6c79e19b | [] | no_license | jfarizano/LCC | a149631059129b07a7c603bf16df0c1b25479edb | 70cb03b0ff0a788b1bbbf1a6bcd51beff48460fe | refs/heads/master | 2022-11-15T14:46:36.171561 | 2022-11-10T21:15:13 | 2022-11-10T21:15:13 | 246,933,544 | 0 | 0 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,520 | sce | GaussElimPP.sce | function [x,a] = gausselimPP(A,b)
// Esta función obtiene la solución del sistema de ecuaciones lineales A*x=b,
// dada la matriz de coeficientes A y el vector b.
// La función implementa el método de Eliminación Gaussiana con pivoteo parcial.
[nA,mA] = size(A)
[nb,mb] = size(b)
if nA<>mA then
error('gausselim - La matriz A debe ser cuadrada');
abort;
elseif mA<>nb then
error('gausselim - dimensiones incompatibles entre A y b');
abort;
end;
a = [A b]; // Matriz aumentada
n = nA; // Tamaño de la matriz
// Eliminación progresiva con pivoteo parcial
for k=1:n-1
kpivot = k; amax = abs(a(k,k)); //pivoteo
for i=k+1:n
if abs(a(i,k))>amax then
kpivot = i; amax = a(i,k);
end;
end;
temp = a(kpivot,:); a(kpivot,:) = a(k,:); a(k,:) = temp;
for i=k+1:n
for j=k+1:n+1
a(i,j) = a(i,j) - a(k,j)*a(i,k)/a(k,k);
end;
for j=1:k // no hace falta para calcular la solución x
a(i,j) = 0; // no hace falta para calcular la solución x
end // no hace falta para calcular la solución x
end;
end;
// Sustitución regresiva
x(n) = a(n,n+1)/a(n,n);
for i = n-1:-1:1
sumk = 0
for k=i+1:n
sumk = sumk + a(i,k)*x(k);
end;
x(i) = (a(i,n+1)-sumk)/a(i,i);
end;
endfunction
// Ejemplo de aplicación
A2 = [0 2 3; 2 0 3; 8 16 -1]
b2 = [7 13 -3]'
[x2,a2] = gausselimPP(A2,b2)
disp(x2)
disp(a2)
|
f62794b89da7b42fa8d123efad0174f3312d49ba | 717ddeb7e700373742c617a95e25a2376565112c | /1340/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sce | eceee048df25ee60d078f297aa284021599f0887 | [] | no_license | appucrossroads/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | b7ce9a8665d6253926fa8cc0989cda3c0db8e63d | 1d1c6f68fe7afb15ea12fd38492ec171491f8ce7 | refs/heads/master | 2021-01-22T04:15:15.512674 | 2017-09-19T11:51:56 | 2017-09-19T11:51:56 | 92,444,732 | 0 | 0 | null | 2017-05-25T21:09:20 | 2017-05-25T21:09:19 | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 1,007 | sce | 8_6.sce |
clear; clc;
xdel(winsid()); //close all windows
s = %s;
G = syslin('c',(s+2)/((s+3)*(s^2+2*s+2)));
evans(G,10);
xgrid();
a = gca();
a.box = "on";
a.data_bounds = [-6 -3; 2 3];
a.children(1).visible = 'off';
xtitle('Root locus of G(s) = (s+2)/ ((s+3)*(s^2+2*s+2))');
up = roots(numer(G));disp(up,"zero of G(s)=");
down = roots(denom(G));disp(down,"poles of G(s)=");
test = -1+%i;
//calculating the angle made by the vector from zero to the pole
zeroangle = atan((imag(down(2))-imag(up)),(real(down(2))-real(up)))*180/%pi;
//calculating the angle made by the vector from rest of the poles to the pole
pole1angle = atan((imag(down(2))-imag(down(1))),(real(down(2))-real(down(1))))*180/%pi;
pole3angle = atan((imag(down(2))-imag(down(3))),(real(down(2))-real(down(3))))*180/%pi;
//angle of departure = 180-(sum of angles from the rest of the poles)+(sum of angles from the zeroes)
depang = 180-(pole1angle+pole3angle)+zeroangle;
disp(depang,"=",down(2),"angle of departure from ");
|
3a4923a97ab23d45aefd0fd2bcbab4fe0d656651 | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /3041/CH3/EX3.25/Ex3_25.sce | 6a795e12bed25f5dd025e82667544d90965e3971 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 702 | sce | Ex3_25.sce | //Variable declaration
beeta=100 //current gain factor
Vbe=0.7 //base to emitter voltage(V)
Rb=250 //base resistance(k ohms)
Vee=10 //emitter voltage(V)
Re=1 //emitter resistance(k ohms)
//Calculations
Ib=(Vee-Vbe)/(Rb+1+beeta) // solving Rb*Ib+Vbe+(Ic+Ib)=Vee and putting Ic+Ib=(1+beeta)Ib
Ic=beeta*Ib //collector current(mA)
rpi=beeta*(25/Ic) //dynamic resistance(ohms)
Vi=(rpi*Ib)+(1+beeta)*Re*Ib //input voltage(V)
Ri=Vi/Ib //input resistance(k ohms)
//Results
printf ("value of Ri is %.1f K ohms",Ri/1E+1)
|
5b34d92bb26e709514711109e2cef8d9a9758a1e | 449d555969bfd7befe906877abab098c6e63a0e8 | /2084/CH14/EX14.17w/14_17w.sce | 0c0d6da9e399874e2fc7b31513f0ab8ab1f6b257 | [] | no_license | FOSSEE/Scilab-TBC-Uploads | 948e5d1126d46bdd2f89a44c54ba62b0f0a1f5e1 | 7bc77cb1ed33745c720952c92b3b2747c5cbf2df | refs/heads/master | 2020-04-09T02:43:26.499817 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 2018-02-03T05:31:52 | 37,975,407 | 3 | 12 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 627 | sce | 14_17w.sce | //developed in windows XP operating system 32bit
//platform Scilab 5.4.1
clc;clear;
//example 14.17w
//calculation of the terminal velocity of the rain drop
//given data
r=.01*10^-3//radius(in m) of the drop
eta=1.8*10^-5//coefficient of viscosity(in N-s/m^2) of the air
rho=1.2//density(in kg/m^3) of the air
rho0=1000//density(in kg/m^3) of the water
g=10//gravitational acceleration(in m/s^2) of the earth
//calculation
//at terminal velocity.........6*%pi*eta*r*v = (4/3)*%pi*r^3*rho*g
v=(2*r^2*rho0*g)/(9*eta)//terminal velocity
printf('the terminal velocity of the rain drop is %3.1f cm/s^2',v*10^2)
|
31c06fe19dd5105edcf338ce6770eee0a191eb8e | 8217f7986187902617ad1bf89cb789618a90dd0a | /source/2.5/macros/scicos/set_background.sci | 04472e124912bf36494c4bd244461c93cedf1f58 | [
"LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain",
"LicenseRef-scancode-warranty-disclaimer"
] | permissive | clg55/Scilab-Workbench | 4ebc01d2daea5026ad07fbfc53e16d4b29179502 | 9f8fd29c7f2a98100fa9aed8b58f6768d24a1875 | refs/heads/master | 2023-05-31T04:06:22.931111 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 2022-09-13T14:41:51 | 258,270,193 | 0 | 1 | null | null | null | null | UTF-8 | Scilab | false | false | 175 | sci | set_background.sci | function set_background()
// Copyright INRIA
if options('Background')<>[] then //compatibility
xset('background',options('Background')(1));
else
xset('background',8)
end
|
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