doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
1,343,380 | The age problem was eventually thought to be resolved by several developments between 1995 and 2003: firstly, a large program with the Hubble Space Telescope measured the Hubble constant at 72 (km/s)/Mpc with 10 percent uncertainty. Secondly, measurements of parallax by the Hipparcos spacecraft in 1995 revised globular... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40836275 | 1,342,644 |
252,147 | In February 1943, the G-6 was introduced with the 13 mm (.51 in) MG 131s, replacing the smaller 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17 – externally this resulted in two sizeable "Beule" blisters over the gun breeches, reducing speed by 9 km/h (6 mph). Over 12,000 examples were built well into 1944 although contradictory factory and R... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24983642 | 252,014 |
39,336 | Abdominal ultrasonography, preferably with doppler sonography, is useful to detect appendicitis, especially in children. Ultrasound can show the free fluid collection in the right iliac fossa, along with a visible appendix with increased blood flow when using color Doppler, and noncompressibility of the appendix, as it... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70980 | 39,321 |
959,362 | Plasmonic nanostructures with conductive polymers have also been suggested as one kind of electronic paper. The material has two parts. The first part is a highly reflective metasurface made by metal-insulator-metal films tens of nanometers in thickness including nanoscale holes. The metasurfaces can reflect different ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9225 | 958,854 |
656,492 | A static test version of the Saturn V second stage S-II-T ruptured during pressure tests at SSC on 28 May 1966, and five North American Aviation technicians monitoring the test received minor injuries. The accident occurred when the hydrogen fuel tank failed under pressure. S-II-T, which had five hydrogen-oxygen J-2 en... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=690479 | 656,148 |
778,453 | However, Stryker returns as a major player at the start of the 2005 "Decimation" storyline, following the "House of M" storyline, in which he deemed the mutant population's sudden massive reduction in numbers as a sign of God, saying "[God] made the first step and now we have to take the next", basically rallying for g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4800502 | 778,036 |
498,030 | O'Connor was born in Gravelmount House, a small country house in Castletown Kilpatrick, a parish located between Kells and Ardee in the north of County Meath in Ireland. He was the third and youngest son and fourth child of John O'Connor, a farmer and company secretary, and his wife Mary Elizabeth, "née" O'Keefe. O'Con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=216426 | 497,773 |
1,804,584 | Transmission of such pathogens occurs predominantly via oral administration when in contact or in the vicinity of diseased organisms via the release of infectious spores. However, there are reports of obtaining infection in some organisms through the skin. Experimentally inducing infection and xenoma formation can be p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5460467 | 1,803,569 |
277,690 | However, the main unsolved problem for a launch from the surface of the Earth was thought to be nuclear fallout. Freeman Dyson, group leader on the project, estimated back in the 1960s that with conventional nuclear weapons, each launch would statistically cause on average between 0.1 and 1 fatal cancers from the fallo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=322533 | 277,540 |
973,719 | Together with other major components of the ECM, such as collagens and fibronectin, laminins have been used to enhance mammalian cell culture, especially in the case of pluripotent stem cells, as well as some primary cell cultures, which can be difficult to propagate on other substrates. Two types of naturally-sourced ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2226150 | 973,209 |
1,116,212 | EMZL occurs more frequently (~2.5-fold increased risk) in individuals who have hepatitis C virus-induced hepatitis. The lymphoma typically occurs 15–25 years (median times) after the viral infection and involves the skin (35% of cases), salivary glands (25%), orbital adnexa (15%) or, uncommonly, the stomach or other ti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21339698 | 1,115,640 |
573,371 | A typical multistep purification protocol starts with a preliminary capture step which often utilizes ion exchange chromatography (IEC). The media (stationary phase) resin consists of beads, which range in size from being large (good for fast flow rates and little to no sample clarification at the expense of resolution... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3865434 | 573,077 |
6,985 | To be specific, MS involves the loss of oligodendrocytes, the cells responsible for creating and maintaining a fatty layer—known as the myelin sheath—which helps the neurons carry electrical signals (action potentials). This results in a thinning or complete loss of myelin and, as the disease advances, the breakdown of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50603 | 6,982 |
1,249,635 | Animals are given symbolic meaning, as in the western association of black cats with poor luck. Biological knowledge varies according to cultural and traditional knowledge and experiences. People share a basic way of comprehending the natural world based on common evolutionary history, and this foundation connects scie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16790280 | 1,248,959 |
105,659 | Winchester manufactured several popular small arms designed by John M. Browning. For decades in the late 19th century-early 20th century, Browning designs and Winchester firearms were synonymous and the collaboration was highly successful. This came to an end when Browning proposed a new long recoil operated semi-autom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=148837 | 105,614 |
2,019,038 | Van Gundy identified a structure found in a sandstone bed of the Nankoweap Formation in Basalt Canyon as a trace fossil impression of a stranded jellyfish. This structure is approximately 12 cm in diameter and consists of a series of radiating lobes, rounded at their ends. Some of these lobes have a median groove radia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35878169 | 2,017,875 |
1,604,589 | Bionic leaves have been considered as an alternative to vertical greenery systems (VGS), also known as green facades. Like VGS, bionic facades can be implemented in buildings to reduce energy consumption from cooling, absorb solar radiation, and reduce CO emissions. Unlike their natural counterpart, bionic facades requ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60018379 | 1,603,688 |
764,188 | An automated drill rig (ADR) is an automated full-sized walking land-based drill rig that drills long lateral sections in horizontal wells for the oil and gas industry. ADRs are agile rigs that can move from pad to pad to new well sites faster than other full-sized drilling rigs. Each rig costs about $25 million. ADR i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1241965 | 763,778 |
2,147,941 | In population-based approaches, one can think of the system being modeled as being in a given state at any given time point, where a state is defined according to the nature and size of the populated pools of molecules. This means that the space of all possible states can become very large. With some simulation methods... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43966823 | 2,146,710 |
1,774,023 | The Great Depression saw a consistent squeeze on Georgia Tech's budget, but World War II–inspired research activity combined with post–World War II enrollment more than compensated for the school's difficulties. Georgia Tech desegregated peacefully and without a court order in 1961, in contrast to other southern univer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8753550 | 1,773,026 |
1,221,997 | "Armillaria gallica" can develop an extensive subterranean system of rhizomorphs, which helps it to compete with other fungi for resources or to attack trees weakened by other fungi. A field study in an ancient broadleaved woodland in England showed that of five "Armillaria" species present in the woods, "A. gallica" w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22450244 | 1,221,338 |
2,134,802 | William MacCallum was born in Dunnville village to a physician father George A. MacCallum and mother Florence Eakins. His grandfather George MacCallum had emigrated from Scotland to Canada in his youth. He was the second of four children, with an elder sister, and a younger brother and a sister. (His brother John Bruce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42753296 | 2,133,577 |
959,350 | In the 1990s another type of electronic ink based on a microencapsulated electrophoretic display was conceived and prototyped by a team of undergraduates at MIT as described in their Nature paper. J.D. Albert, Barrett Comiskey, Joseph Jacobson, Jeremy Rubin and Russ Wilcox co-founded E Ink Corporation in 1997 to commer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9225 | 958,842 |
390,131 | The Swedish Armed Forces recently underwent a transformation from conscription-based recruitment to a professional defence organisation. This is part of a larger goal to abandon the mass army from the Cold War and develop an army better suited to modern maneuver warfare and at the same time retain a higher readiness. S... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=316252 | 389,936 |
1,042,612 | The second round of the season, the 2013 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, saw Toyota debut the new 2013 specification car with one older chassis entered. After a close qualifying session, the updated No. 7 car ran near the front of the race for the first three hours, before retiring due to overheating brakes as a result o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34484574 | 1,042,069 |
336,233 | Singularitarian Eliezer Yudkowsky provides a loose qualitative definition of intelligence as "that sort of smartish stuff coming out of brains, which can play chess, and price bonds, and persuade people to buy bonds, and invent guns, and figure out gravity by looking at wandering lights in the sky; and which, if a mach... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=519280 | 336,055 |
393,757 | The station was constructed by U.S. Navy Seabees led by LTJG Richard Bowers, the eight-man Advance Party being transported by the VX-6 Air Squadron in two R4Ds on November 20, 1956. The U.S. Eighteenth Air Force's C-124 Globemaster IIs airdropped most of the equipment and building material. The buildings were construct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=221644 | 393,562 |
364,422 | id Software replaced Certain Affinity to work on the multiplayer for Windows after the game's launch and promised to fix its issues and introduced new features such as private matches, custom game settings and an enhanced cheat detection system. At E3 2016 on June 12, Bethesda Softworks announced its division, Bethesda... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12915762 | 364,232 |
1,034,142 | Provided that the reset vector had not been occluded by an actively running program, invocation of would interrupt a program and escape to the monitor or Applesoft command prompt. The use of would force a reset at the expense of a small amount of memory corruption. Creative configuration of some soft switches at the mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16733484 | 1,033,605 |
395,050 | Home felt very uncertain how the animal should be classified. Though most individual skeletal elements looked very reptilian, the anatomy as a whole resembled that of a fish, so he initially assigned the creature to the fishes, as seemed to be confirmed by the flat shape of the vertebrae. At the same time, he considere... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=314101 | 394,855 |
535,563 | The overall capacity of the engine was , with a bore and stroke of 78.5 mm x 51.5 mm and a compression ratio of 11.8:1. Later versions used in the 312 B2 and B3 had a bore and stroke of 80 mm x 49.6 mm and a compression ratio of 11.5:1. The aluminum alloy crankcase (with cast iron liners) was made in two pieces, with a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46971755 | 535,284 |
1,633,380 | Hayden was born in Cape Town, South Africa, one of Ann Platt's and Roger Hayden's two sons. His paternal grandfather, Max Raphael Hahn was an entrepreneur, art collector and chairman of the Jewish community in Göttingen, Germany. His father, originally named Rudolf (Rudi) Hahn, fled to London in 1939, enlisted in the B... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33338895 | 1,632,458 |
1,393,017 | A.E.B. de Chancourtois plotted the atomic weights on the surface of a cylinder with a circumference of 16 units, the approximate atomic weight of oxygen. The resulting helical curve, which de Chancourtois called a square circle triangle, brought similar elements onto corresponding points above or below one another on t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9394818 | 1,392,246 |
1,526,372 | iDynoMiCS has been developed by an international team of researchers in order to provide a common platform for further development of all individual-based models of microbial biofilms and such like. The model was originally the result of years of work by Laurent Lardon, Brian Merkey, and Jan-Ulrich Kreft, with code con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29782518 | 1,525,508 |
119,457 | The pupil is dilated using drops (if the IOL is to be placed behind the iris) to help better visualise the cataract. Pupil-constricting drops are reserved for secondary implantation of the IOL in front of the iris (if the cataract has already been removed without primary IOL implantation). Anesthesia may be placed topi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1179794 | 119,408 |
556,877 | An electrical arc was formed between two coaxial water-cooled copper tube electrodes powered by a high voltage alternating current of 5 kV at 50 Hz. A strong static magnetic field generated by a nearby electromagnet spreads the arc into a thin disc by the Lorentz force. This setup is based on an experiment by Julius Pl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9569377 | 556,588 |
937,343 | Marie-Sophie Germain (; 1 April 1776 – 27 June 1831) was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by society, she gained education from books in her father's library, including ones by Euler, and from correspondence with famous mathematic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27791 | 936,845 |
122,446 | Pharmacology developed in the 19th century as a biomedical science that applied the principles of scientific experimentation to therapeutic contexts. The advancement of research techniques propelled pharmacological research and understanding. The development of the organ bath preparation, where tissue samples are conne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24354 | 122,397 |
358,499 | There are also many tangible benefits for biologists. For example, a researcher investigating a certain form of cancer may have narrowed down their search to a particular gene. By visiting the human genome database on the World Wide Web, this researcher can examine what other scientists have written about this gene, in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5219699 | 358,313 |
2,171,842 | One of his research projects, the 1979 Nu machine, became a model for microprocessor-based workstations. Numerous software products have been created due to inspiration of its UNIX port and system software, and the NuBus was an industry standard from the late 1980s to the mid 1990s. In the late 1970s Professor Steve Wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47294802 | 2,170,603 |
1,583,053 | The sawtoothed grain beetle is closely related to the merchant grain beetle, and is commonly found in kitchen cabinets feeding on items such as cereal, breakfast foods, dried fruits, macaroni, crackers, etc. They are the most common grain and stored product pest in the United States. They are very active and tend to cr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16345498 | 1,582,163 |
230,274 | We can follow the trail to the right in the diagram to the IDPs that contain the most volatile and primitive elements. The trail takes us first from interplanetary dust particles to chondritic interplanetary dust particles. Planetary scientists classify chondritic IDPs in terms of their diminishing degree of oxidation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2178570 | 230,157 |
1,931,803 | Delft Aerospace Rocket Engineering is a student-run society within Delft University of Technology, with over 190 members. The main focus of the student group is the development of rocket technology on a non-profit basis. All development, from engines to electronics, is done in-house. Although several projects take plac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43223025 | 1,930,695 |
1,153,503 | During his presidency Wingfield had the James Fort constructed in a month and a day. Barbour claimed he had no proven military service – which is nonsense, since his long service in the military in Ireland and up to fifteen years in the Low Countries is listed in the Calendar of State Papers. Since of the dozen or so c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2173289 | 1,152,893 |
688,880 | "Brazil vs Uruguay 1970 – strike package: Jairzinho – Pelé – Tostão." The example below, is drawn from one of the most famous strike teams in World Cup history- Pelé, Tostão and Jairzinho. This goal, against Uruguay in the 1970 semi-final, captures the power of the move. The fast winger Jairzinho set the stage- dribbli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=651571 | 688,518 |
1,424,584 | The term "irradiation" is a broad one, which covers bombardment by subatomic particles as well as the use of the full range of electromagnetic radiation, including (in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength) infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. Certain natur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20521094 | 1,423,782 |
1,575,393 | Read's first extended work, "Lexical Evidence from Folk Epigraphy in Western North America: A Glossarial Study of the Low Element in the English Vocabulary", was privately published at his own expense in Paris in 1935 since its description of bathroom graffiti was considered too racy for American publishers. Even then,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=627595 | 1,574,504 |
1,473,798 | After both Friday practice sessions, the FIA tested for the first time a new system called the virtual safety car, which is in response to minimising the risk of serious accidents and injuries, such as those suffered by Jules Bianchi at the . Its aim is to force drivers to slow by about 35 per cent in an accident zone,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38847467 | 1,472,967 |
1,553,103 | In one of the worst tragedies in KU history, a firebomb blasted throughout the Kansas Union in early 1970, causing nearly $1 million in damages. In 1972, KU began celebrating "Carrie Watson Day" in honor of the first and longest-serving librarian in the school's history. This same year, the women's rights movement impa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30729405 | 1,552,222 |
539,614 | The lack of comparative literature reviews in Connectivism papers complicate evaluating how Connectivism relates to prior theories, such as socially distributed cognition (Hutchins, 1995), which explored how connectionist ideas could be applied to social systems. Classical theories of cognition such as activity theory ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17364396 | 539,334 |
1,865,518 | "Coquillettidia perturbans" lay their eggs in the form of an egg raft in a marsh or swamp habitat. This raft usually contains around 100 eggs, which generally hatch after several days depending on the temperature of the environment. The larvae and pupae are adapted with an abdominal segment capable of piercing the inne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40942449 | 1,864,445 |
1,392,360 | Borelli's major scientific achievements are focused around his investigation into biomechanics. This work originated with his studies of animals. His publications, "De Motu Animalium I" and "De Motu Animalium II", borrowing their title from the Aristotelian treatise, relate animals to machines and utilize mathematics t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=475100 | 1,391,589 |
1,766,279 | Doushantuo fossils are all aquatic, microscopic, and preserved to a great degree of detail. The latter two characteristics mean that the structure of the organisms that made them can be studied at the cellular level, and considerable insight has been gained into the embryonic and larval stages of many early creatures. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=372516 | 1,765,285 |
818,175 | In many respects, the fundamentals of hydraulic engineering have not changed since ancient times. Liquids are still moved for the most part by gravity through systems of canals and aqueducts, though the supply reservoirs may now be filled using pumps. The need for water has steadily increased from ancient times and the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=521843 | 817,737 |
617,464 | Starting the day at 80/0, Australia lost both Simon Katich and Shane Watson LBW in quick succession within the first five overs. Ponting and Hussey then built an impressive partnership, sharing a stand of 127 runs before Ponting was run out by a direct hit from Andrew Flintoff fielding at mid-off, which marked an impor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8708994 | 617,150 |
110,039 | The association of bacterial species with the production of the toxin is unequivocal – Lago and coworkers state, "[e]ndocellular symbiotic bacteria have been proposed as a possible source of eukaryotic TTX by means of an exogenous pathway," and Chau and coworkers note that the "widespread occurrence of TTX in phylogene... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=238839 | 109,994 |
635,685 | Later Greek schools of philosophy, such as the Epicureans and Stoics, debated the conditions of the good life. Both of these schools argued that tranquility should be the aim of life, but disagreed on the mean of getting there despite both claiming the Socratic tradition. Epicurus taught that the greatest good was plea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27020037 | 635,346 |
631,849 | Campbell died suddenly in July 1971, but there was enough material in "Analog"s inventory to allow the remaining staff to put together issues for the rest of the year. Condé Nast had given the magazine very little attention, since it was both profitable and cheap to produce, but they were proud that it was the leading ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18932608 | 631,511 |
112,783 | The math wars controversy in the United States is an example of the type of heated debate that sometimes follows the implementation of constructivist-inspired curricula in schools. In the 1990s, mathematics textbooks based on new standards largely informed by constructivism were developed and promoted with government s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1040161 | 112,738 |
1,766,471 | He has proposed that the routine use (and overuse) of antibiotics in young children may be causing collateral damage, with extinctions of our ancient microbiota at critical stages of early life. This scenario may be contributing to the risk of epidemic metabolic, immunologic, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Studies i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3453393 | 1,765,477 |
696,635 | Farmers claimed that flooding of their farmlands was caused by suburban development upstream. The flooding was a result of funneled runoff directed into storm drains by impervious cove, which ran unmitigated and unabsorbed into their farmlands downstream. The farmers were awarded an undisclosed amount of money in the t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10040229 | 696,271 |
81,441 | Results are measured in a manner scientifically appropriate for the given experiment. Sometimes, results can be measured by simple numerical measurement using standard tools, such as multimeters for electrical measurements, or various types of thermometers to measure temperature. To gauge results that do not yield nume... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=627304 | 81,408 |
236,925 | In 2015, Emanuel Tschopp, Octávio Mateus, and Roger Benson released a paper on diplodocoid systematics, and proposed that genera could be diagnosed by thirteen differing characters, and species separated based on six. The minimum number for generic separation was chosen based on the fact that "A.ajax" and "A.louisae" d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1346 | 236,806 |
425,222 | Low-C is an in situ Hi-C protocol adapted for use on low cell numbers, which is particularly useful in contexts where cell number is a limiting agent, for example, in primary human cell culture. This method makes use of minor changes, including volumes and concentrations used and the timing and order of certain experim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70169832 | 425,014 |
761,424 | "Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe" received mixed to positive reviews from critics. Adam Sessler of X-Play stated: "Whether it's a decade-late answer to the "Marvel vs. Capcom" team up games or an off-the-cuff boardroom joke gone wildly too far, "Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe" is destined to make just about anyone's short... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17006701 | 761,017 |
354,695 | Webber has written columns for "Autosport", the BBC, and "The Sydney Daily Telegraph". He has provided expert analysis on F1 for the British television broadcaster Channel 4 since the season. Webber has done a similar role for Australia's Channel 10, covering the Australian Grand Prix and co-hosting the 2015 Clipsal 50... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=564161 | 354,512 |
1,742,390 | Much of the experimental evidence for neural binding has traditionally revolved around sensory awareness. Sensory awareness is accomplished by integrating things together by cognitively perceiving them and then segmenting them so that, in total, there is an image created. Since there can be an infinite number of possib... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2872287 | 1,741,406 |
62,254 | When modern architecture was first practiced, it was an avant-garde movement with moral, philosophical, and aesthetic underpinnings. Immediately after World War I, pioneering modernist architects sought to develop a completely new style appropriate for a new post-war social and economic order, focused on meeting the ne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21296224 | 62,229 |
1,275,708 | The exact mechanism by which OMP decarboxylase catalyzes its reaction has been a subject of rigorous scientific investigation. The driving force for the loss of the carboxyl linked to the C6 of the pyrimidine ring comes from the close proximity of an aspartate residue carboxyl group in the enzyme's active site, which d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6840033 | 1,275,015 |
1,068,550 | A standard preliminary was to clear the computer memory of any previous user's detritus being magnetic cores, the memory retained its last state even if the power had been switched off. This was effected by using the console facilities to load a simple computer program via typing its machine code at the console typewri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=92577 | 1,067,996 |
199,969 | Galileo's early studies at the University of Pisa were in medicine, but he was soon drawn to mathematics and physics. At 19, he discovered (and, subsequently, verified) the isochronal nature of the pendulum when, using his pulse, he timed the oscillations of a swinging lamp in Pisa's cathedral and found that it remaine... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13758 | 199,866 |
167,686 | Formula One entered its second turbocharged era in 2014. Australia was the location of the end of the first era (Adelaide 1988) and start of the second (Melbourne 2014). The series is being run under the most radical engine regulation changes since 1995. All cars entering any Formula One championship race must run with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=640098 | 167,597 |
1,236,968 | During the last decade, the development of supercontinua sources has emerged as a research field. This is largely due to new technological developments, which have allowed more controlled and accessible generation of supercontinua. This renewed research has created a variety of new light sources which are finding appli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8736971 | 1,236,304 |
97,464 | Immunodeficiencies occur when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive. The ability of the immune system to respond to pathogens is diminished in both the young and the elderly, with immune responses beginning to decline at around 50 years of age due to immunosenescence. In developed countries, o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14958 | 97,423 |
2,126,066 | 1. The Genomatix Mining Station (GMS) is based on a proprietary genomic pattern recognition paradigm, or GenomeThesaurus, which allows for input of raw sequence reads plus optional quality files from any deep sequencing hardware. It provides ultra fast mapping of sequences of any length (starting from 8bp) with no prac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21669631 | 2,124,845 |
955,094 | After her year-long temporary appointment, McClintock accepted a full-time research position at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. There, she was highly productive and continued her work with the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle, using it to substitute for X-rays as a tool for mapping new genes. In 1944, in recognition of her ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55188 | 954,589 |
496,877 | In a sense, the study of biochemistry can be considered to have started in ancient times, for example when biology first began to interest society—as the ancient Chinese developed a system of medicine based on yin and yang, and also the five phases, which both resulted from alchemical and biological interests. Its begi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10262047 | 496,621 |
66,021 | The size and number of available data sets have grown rapidly as data is collected by devices such as mobile devices, cheap and numerous information-sensing Internet of things devices, aerial (remote sensing), software logs, cameras, microphones, radio-frequency identification (RFID) readers and wireless sensor network... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27051151 | 65,996 |
1,987,573 | Laser sintering and laser beam melting systems for additive manufacturing have become more important recently. The Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (IFA) together with German social accident insurance institutions conducted a measurement programme on inhalation exposure to hazardous substances during laser ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66703721 | 1,986,431 |
225,877 | One ethical question is whether or not it is acceptable to create new life forms, sometimes known as "playing God". Currently, the creation of new life forms not present in nature is at small-scale, the potential benefits and dangers remain unknown, and careful consideration and oversight are ensured for most studies. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=841429 | 225,761 |
977,930 | Halsted returned to New York in 1880 and for the next six years led an extraordinarily vigorous and energetic life. Like when Halsted visited Europe, it was an opportune time for Halsted's involvement because surgery was on the brink of various important discoveries. He operated at multiple hospitals including the Cham... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2394191 | 977,419 |
12,775 | While sharing broadly the blended wing-body design of the Su-27, the Su-27M is visibly distinguished from the basic version by the addition of canards, which are small lifting surfaces, ahead of the wings. First tested in 1985 using an experimental aircraft, the canards, in complement with the reshaped wing leading-edg... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=314292 | 12,770 |
157,792 | The ecology of epiphytes in marine environments differs from those in terrestrial ecosystems. Epiphytes in marine systems are species of algae, bacteria, fungi, sponges, bryozoans, ascidians, protozoa, crustaceans, molluscs and any other sessile organism that grows on the surface of a plant, typically seagrasses or alg... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57994 | 157,720 |
1,317,756 | When the assassination of Henry IV gave full rein to the Ultramontane party at court, Duperron became more importunate, even menacing. Casaubon began to pay attention to overtures from the bishops and the court of England. In October 1610 he came to England in the suite of the ambassador, Lord Wotton of Marley (brother... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=213016 | 1,317,031 |
2,195,084 | After a few months at the Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute in Madrid under Alfonso Valencia and the European Bioinformatics Institute under Ewan Birney, Corpas settled at the Wellcome Sanger Institute as developer of the DECIPHER database under the supervision of Dr Helen V. Firth. Since then he has been worki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61691298 | 2,193,834 |
357,085 | Some may view the contradiction of reductionism in conventional theory (which has as its subject a single part) as simply an example of changing assumptions. The emphasis with systems theory shifts from parts to the organization of parts, recognizing interactions of the parts as not static and constant but dynamic proc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29238 | 356,899 |
603,173 | On July 1, 1954, the Western Development Division (WDD) of the United States Air Force was established, under the command of Brig Gen Bernard A. Schriever. WDD was responsible for the development of the intercontinental ballistic missile. The Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation (RW) was identified as the civilian organization ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2425204 | 602,863 |
1,301,531 | Sims and his successor, academic dean and BCI alumnus Henry Dickason, president from 1936 to 1952, managed this growth with patience and resourcefulness. Bluefield State Teachers College, as the institution was renamed in 1931, was at the center of the rich cultural world of African-American society. Although the rough... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1239128 | 1,300,817 |
252,726 | In the 1950s research was being conducted at Cambridge University in England on blood flow in living organisms. These workers devised a method of constructing a chamber of titanium which was then embedded into the soft tissue of the ears of rabbits. In 1952 the Swedish orthopaedic surgeon, Per-Ingvar Brånemark, was int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1118041 | 252,593 |
1,427,371 | In the 1950s research was being conducted at Cambridge University in England on blood flow in living organisms. These workers devised a method of constructing a chamber of titanium which was then embedded into the soft tissue of the ears of rabbits. In 1952 the Swedish orthopaedic surgeon, Per-Ingvar Brånemark, was int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59781843 | 1,426,568 |
843,352 | The dermatological symptoms of PCT that include blistering and lesions on sun-exposed areas of the skin are caused by a buildup of porphyrin compounds (specifically uroporphyrinogen) close to the surface of the skin that have been oxidized by free radicals or sunlight. The oxidized porphyrins initiate degranulation of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=518666 | 842,902 |
25,969 | The successful launch of Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957 gave credence to Soviet claims about the progress of its intercontinental ballistic missile program, and began the Sputnik crisis in the United States. The U-2 intelligence caused Eisenhower to state in a press conference on 9 October that the launch did "not raise m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32310 | 25,960 |
349,331 | Frank Lloyd Wright was a highly original and independent American architect who refused to be categorized in any one architectural movement. Like Le Corbusier and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, he had no formal architectural training. In 1887–93 he worked in the Chicago office of Louis Sullivan, who pioneered the first tall... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=315927 | 349,149 |
1,793,482 | Although there is a decrease in the rate of edentulism, geriatric patients typically have high levels of plaque, calculus and debris, as they are functionally dependent on others or have lost the capacity to complete tasks such as toothbrushing thoroughly. Consequently, this results in an increased caries prevalence. D... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2684023 | 1,792,473 |
1,967,305 | The five case studies are organized by chapter. Chapter 2 regards airfoil design generally. The early work of Davis illustrates how useful engineering has been done by people who have no formal training in engineering. The Davis wing was instrumental even though Davis did not have the theoretical basis to know how or w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30603530 | 1,966,175 |
868,765 | UNCG's men's basketball team moved into a "new" home in 2009–10, making the Greensboro Coliseum their home court. The move was announced by UNCG chancellor Dr. Linda Brady on December 5, 2008. As a preview of things to come, UNCG hosted Davidson in its new venue two months later and drew a crowd of 11,687. On December ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=77958 | 868,305 |
1,112,330 | Prolonged use of a pond can lead to an incremental buildup of a sludge at the pond's bottom from waste products and excrement. The sludge can be removed mechanically, or dried and plowed to allow biodecomposition, at least in areas without acid problems. Flushing a pond never completely removes this sludge, and eventua... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2167405 | 1,111,764 |
1,607,448 | Shortly afterwards, L-M Duan and G-C Guo also studied this phenomenon and reached the same conclusions as Palma, Suominen, and Ekert. However, Duan and Guo applied their own terminology, using "coherence preserving states" to describe states that do not decohere with dephasing. Duan and Guo furthered this idea of combi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20145865 | 1,606,543 |
1,035,410 | Fronts in meteorology are boundaries between air masses that have different density, air temperature, and humidity. Strictly speaking, the front is marked at the warmer edge of a "frontal zone" where the gradient is very large. When a front passes over a point, it is marked by changes in temperature, moisture, wind spe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=73218 | 1,034,870 |
1,502,700 | The computer science classes were completed after September 15, based on the transfer from other high schools in Bucharest, provided that the average admission to that high school is over 9.00. Starting from 1971 the High School organized its own admission exams, where the minimum grade was usually above 9.00, due to h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28068850 | 1,501,854 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.