doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
173,669 | The origins of the An-70 can be traced back to the mid-1970s, when Antonov Design Bureau began preliminary design work on a successor for the An-12 four-engine turboprop aircraft. The Soviet Armed Forces, by the 1980s, were looking for a replacement for the An-12 and a complement to the Ilyushin Il-76 four-engine jet t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=908224 | 173,578 |
379,758 | Close to 400 million tons of plastic were manufactured globally during year 2018 with annual growth rates approaching 10%, and over 6 gigatons produced in total since 1950. Plastics eventually undergo fragmentation as a typical first step in their decay, and this enables their widespread distribution by air and water c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47503 | 379,563 |
850,134 | The body of the man, Michael Faherty, was found in the living room of his home on 22 December 2010. The scene was searched by forensic experts from the Gardaí and the fire service, and a post-mortem was carried out by pathologist Grace Callagy. Callagy noted that Faherty had suffered from Type 2 diabetes and hypertensi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2220692 | 849,682 |
152,974 | The P 256 was to meet a "Luftwaffe" requirement issued 27 February 1945. It was designed to carry a crew of three (pilot, radar operator, and navigator), with pilot and radar operator together under the canopy, while the navigator was in the fuselage, an idea copied from Arado. Departing from centerline thrust, it was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=182288 | 152,904 |
1,482,780 | The men's 200 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea had an entry list of 72 competitors from 59 nations, with ten qualifying heats (72), five quarterfinal races (40) and two semifinals (16), before the final (8) took off on Wednesday September 28, 1988. The maximum number of athletes per nation had b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8144912 | 1,481,944 |
1,266,987 | The SLOWPOKE-2 reactors (most numerous of SLOWPOKE-family reactors) originally used 93% highly enriched uranium in the form of 28% uranium-aluminium alloy with aluminium cladding, and then in 1985 a new low enriched uranium design (~19.9 % enriched) was commissioned using ceramic UO fuel. The core is an assembly of abo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2807861 | 1,266,297 |
1,994,430 | Sonophoresis, also known as phonophoresis, was dated back all the way to the 1950s in its first mention in a published report. This report showcased that a hydrocodone injection yielded better outcomes for bursitis when combined with an ultrasound massage. Following this, a series of publications from several investiga... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6547312 | 1,993,287 |
1,011,860 | Diffuse clouds are of astronomical interest because they play a primary role in the evolution and thermodynamics of ISM. Observation of the abundant atomic hydrogen in 21 cm has shown good signal-to-noise ratio in both emission and absorption. Nevertheless, HI observations have a fundamental difficulty when they are di... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=737798 | 1,011,339 |
951,628 | George Devol applied for the first robotics patents in 1954 (granted in 1961). The first company to produce a robot was Unimation, founded by Devol and Joseph F. Engelberger in 1956. Unimation robots were also called "programmable transfer machines" since their main use at first was to transfer objects from one point t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=147918 | 951,123 |
295,527 | Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing. It is used to describe, or provide detailed specifications for an object. With the goals of legibility and uniformity, styles are standardized and lettering ability has little relationship to normal writing abili... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=171414 | 295,367 |
1,108,006 | In 1984, Martin Peng proposed an alternate arrangement of magnet coils that would greatly reduce the aspect ratio while avoiding the erosion issues of the compact tokamak: a spherical tokamak. Instead of wiring each magnet coil separately, he proposed using a single large conductor in the center, and wiring the magnets... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67952883 | 1,107,442 |
1,123,808 | Traditional deficit and disease models of child psychiatry have been criticized as rooted in the medical model which conceptualizes adjustment problems in terms of disease states. It is said by these critics that these normative models explicitly characterize problematic behavior as representing a disorder within the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11743428 | 1,123,234 |
1,230,378 | Nutrition education programs within schools try to create behaviors that prevent students from potentially becoming obese, developing diabetes and cardiovascular issues, and forming negative emotional issues by educating students on the aspects of a healthy diet, emphasizing the consumption of lower fat dairy options a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30643499 | 1,229,716 |
2,085,086 | Electrostatic spray ionization (ESTASI) is an ambient ionization method for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of samples located on a flat or porous surface, or inside a microchannel. It was developed in 2011 by Professor Hubert H. Girault’s group at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland. In ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41188349 | 2,083,885 |
860,498 | By the 1980s, U.S. policy makers and industrial managers were forced to take note that America's dominance in the field of machine tool manufacturing evaporated, in what was named the machine tool crisis. Numerous projects sought to counter these trends in the traditional CNC CAM area, which had begun in the US. Later ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10579736 | 860,040 |
1,222,862 | Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, or CHIP, is a common aging-related phenomenon in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or other early blood cell progenitors contribute to the formation of a genetically distinct subpopulation of blood cells. As the name suggests, this subpopulation in the blood is chara... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53925411 | 1,222,203 |
2,044,674 | In order to investigate the brain activity of music students while composing, the study group Beisteiner selected two methods: Cortical DC-potentials of the EEG and MEG. In the experiment, the students had to solve tasks regarding different elements of composition, employing the dodecaphony of Arnold Schönberg. (1) The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=49596807 | 2,043,493 |
1,786,017 | Stimulation of PAK1 activity is accompanied by a series of cellular processes that are fundamental to living systems. Being a nodular signaling molecule, PAK1 operates to converging station of a large number of signals triggered by proteins on the cell surface as well as upstream activators, and translates into specifi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14021340 | 1,785,012 |
346,889 | For a well designed cell the largest overpotential is the reaction overpotential for the four-electron oxidation of water to oxygen at the anode; electrocatalysts can facilitate this reaction, and platinum alloys are the state of the art for this oxidation. Developing a cheap, effective electrocatalyst for this reactio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3206764 | 346,708 |
736,696 | Due to the signal attenuation caused by construction materials, the satellite based Global Positioning System (GPS) loses significant power indoors affecting the required coverage for receivers by at least four satellites. In addition, the multiple reflections at surfaces cause multi-path propagation serving for uncont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13431137 | 736,308 |
394,061 | With the introduction of personal computers in the 1980s, Seiko began to develop computers in the form of watches. The Data 2000 watch (1983) came with an external keyboard for data-entry. Data was synced from the keyboard to the watch via electro-magnetic coupling (wireless docking). The name comes from its ability to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28825877 | 393,866 |
1,355,726 | The United States Department of Defense maintains a larger number of domestic and foreign military bases than all other countries combined. Closing redundant military bases in the United States often has a negative economic impact on local communities. Analysts at the Pentagon respond to budget limitations by identifyi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1794929 | 1,354,978 |
1,045,245 | The Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions, and Noise (CLEEN) program is a public-private partnership under NextGen to accelerate development and commercial deployment of more-efficient technologies and sustainable alternative fuels. The first five-year agreement with manufacturers produced jet engine, wing, and aerodynami... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12942905 | 1,044,700 |
293,443 | The use of magnetic fields as a means to control the flow of an electrical current was spurred by the invention of the Audion by Lee de Forest in 1906. Albert Hull of General Electric Research Laboratory, USA, began development of magnetrons to avoid de Forest's patents, but these were never completely successful. Othe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20861 | 293,285 |
1,626,626 | The uplift of the Rocky Mountains persisted into the early part of the Cenozoic era. They were surrounded by rainforests at this point in prehistory. Areas in the state with lower elevation became the sites of vast lakes. Fish, insects, and leaves would end up entombed in sediments deposited by these lakes. After the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37799146 | 1,625,708 |
1,734,240 | As food technology grew from the individual family farm to the factory level, including the slaughterhouse for meat and poultry processing, the cannery for canned foods, and bakeries for bread, the need to have personnel trained for the food industry did also. Literature such as Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle" in 1906 ab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7302129 | 1,733,263 |
13,874 | The 20th century brought a host of innovations. In physics, the discovery of nuclear fission in the Atomic Age led to both nuclear weapons and nuclear power. Computers were invented and later shifted from analog to digital in the Digital Revolution. Information technology, particularly optical fiber and optical amplifi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29816 | 13,869 |
217,903 | In the early 2000s, Russia had authorized the export of Pero passive electronically scanned array radar designed by Tikhomirov, to China. The Pero antenna can be easily integrated into the existing N001VEP radar system with no significant modification by simply replacing the original slotted planar array, and thus resu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7541645 | 217,795 |
1,304,749 | Sensitive measurement of stable nitrogen isotope ratios in "Gelidium" species collected in southern Monterey Bay between 1878 and 2018 showed a pattern of changes that matched with changes in the California current and provided support for a theory about the end of the local fishing industry. Nitrogen isotope ratios ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15974799 | 1,304,033 |
1,098,516 | The daily requirement for humans to remain in nitrogen balance is relatively small. The median human adult requirement for good quality protein is approximately 0.65 gram per kilogram body weight per day and the 97.5 percentile is 0.83 grams per kilogram body weight per day. Children require more protein, depending on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=571570 | 1,097,956 |
1,183,659 | Trichothecenes are mycotoxins produced by molds that frequently contaminate stores of grain products. This makes trichothecene contamination a significant public health problem, and many areas have strict limits on permitted trichothecene content. For example, in the European Union, only .025 ppm of T-2 toxin is permis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3687230 | 1,183,033 |
1,770,270 | Centrifuge tests can also be used to obtain experimental data to verify a design procedure or a computer model. The rapid development of computational power over recent decades has revolutionized engineering analysis. Many computer models have been developed to predict the behavior of geotechnical structures during ear... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34119149 | 1,769,275 |
109,720 | The M110A2 is an improved version of the original M110 rifle with M-LOK rails, an improved gas system, new suppressor, and adjustable stock. This fills the gap of semi-automatic sniper rifles as most all of the M110A1 rifles issued were the SMDR variant and not designed for sniper work. The M110A2 was first seen at AUS... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3119489 | 109,675 |
32,049 | Von Neumann was the first person to axiomatically define an abstract Hilbert space whereas it was previously defined as the Lp space. He defined it as a complex vector space with a Hermitian scalar product, with the corresponding norm being both separable and complete. In the same papers he also defined several other a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15942 | 32,038 |
69,939 | Technically, in the mid-1970s, the 4.85×49mm round was seen as superior to the then existing version of 5.56mm M193 round in use by the US (for the M16/M16A1) and by other forces. (This was the expressed view of trials team members whilst demonstrating the XL64E5 prototype at the British Army School of Infantry at Warm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=84350 | 69,912 |
575,000 | Mangroves are woody halophytes that form intertidal forests and provide many important ecosystem services including coastal protection, nursery grounds for coastal fish and crustaceans, forest products, recreation, nutrient filtration and carbon sequestration. Mangroves are located in 105 countries, as well as in the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36995466 | 574,706 |
483,395 | Evolved High Speed Packet Access, HSPA+, HSPA (Plus) or HSPAP, is a technical standard for wireless broadband telecommunication. It is the second phase of HSPA which has been introduced in 3GPP release 7 and being further improved in later 3GPP releases. HSPA+ can achieve data rates of up to 42.2 Mbit/s. It introduces ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11728415 | 483,148 |
1,863,504 | He currently lives with his wife in Fort Walton Beach, Florida and works for The United States Air Force as an aeronautical engineer doing research with the Air Force at Eglin Air Force Base. He is married with no children, and has two dogs. He was born in Oxnard, California on March 24, 1963. His family moved around t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31879975 | 1,862,434 |
1,155,311 | The Association was founded in 1831 and modelled on the German Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. It was founded during post-war reconstruction after the Peninsula war to improve the advancement of science in England. The prime mover (who is regarded as the main founder) was Reverend William Vernon Harcour... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=373118 | 1,154,701 |
1,407,098 | Discovery science is usually a complex process, and consequently does not follow a simple linear cause and effect pattern. This means that outcomes are uncertain, and it is expected to have disappointing results as a fundamental part of discovery science. In particular, this may apply to medicine for the critically ill... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2780651 | 1,406,308 |
1,144,529 | Arden Park-East Boston (a National Historic district comprising Arden Park Boulevard and East Boston Boulevard, running for three blocks east of Woodward near the New Center Area) is noted for mansions built by the industrial giants of the 1910s and 1920s. Residents included the Dodge Brothers, J. L. Hudson, and Fred F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8692117 | 1,143,928 |
807,318 | As of April 20, 2020 there has been over 43 contract tracing apps available globally. Countries are in the process of creating their own methods of digitally tracing coronavirus status (symptoms, confirmed infected, exposed). Apple and Google are working together on a shared solution that helps with contract tracing ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=699052 | 806,888 |
249,834 | The land price is costly for acquisition in India. Dedication of land for the installation of solar arrays must compete with other needs. The amount of land required for utility-scale solar power plants is about for every 40–60 MW generated. One alternative is to use the water-surface area on canals, lakes, reservoirs,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11291159 | 249,702 |
1,751,906 | In 1883 Takaki learned of a very high incidence of beriberi among cadets on a training mission from Japan to Hawaii, via New Zealand and South America that lasted for 9 months. On board, 169 men out of 376 developed the disease and 25 died. Takaki made a petition to Emperor Meiji to fund an experiment with an improved ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4190274 | 1,750,919 |
191,208 | There are questions regarding the environmental and economic values of ecosystem services. Some people may be unaware of the environment in general and humanity's interrelatedness with the natural environment, which may cause misconceptions. Although environmental awareness is rapidly improving in our contemporary worl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1855357 | 191,109 |
350,726 | Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein is coded by the TTPA gene on chromosome 8. The binding site for RRR-α-tocopherol is a hydrophobic pocket with a lower affinity for beta-, gamma-, or delta-tocopherols, or for the stereoisomers with an S configuration at the chiral 2 site. Tocotrienols are also a poor fit because the do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54104 | 350,543 |
227,727 | In 1942, the Germans first started deploying the initial B/C low UHF-band version of the Lichtenstein radar, and in extremely limited numbers, using a 32-dipole element "Matratze" (mattress) antenna array. This late date, and slow introduction, combined with the capture of a Ju 88R-1 night fighter equipped with it in A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=164906 | 227,610 |
1,789,610 | IRE has been in use against prostate cancer since 2011, partly in form of clinical trials, compassionate care or individualized treatment approach. As for all other ablation technologies and also most conventional methods, no studies employed a randomized multi-center approach or targeted cancer-specific mortality as e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142982 | 1,788,604 |
1,591,231 | After the end of the Lord's Test, Miller attended a concert and party, before returning to the team hotel after dawn the next morning, just before breakfast. Bradman noticed this and addressed him as "Keith", rather than his nickname "Nugget". Australia was due to play Surrey at The Oval on the same day. Bradman won th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18325173 | 1,590,337 |
239,523 | Gradually, the hydrogen burning in the shell around the solar core will increase the mass of the core until it reaches about 45% of the present solar mass. At this point, the density and temperature will become so high that the fusion of helium into carbon will begin, leading to a helium flash; the Sun will shrink from... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6139438 | 239,403 |
1,126,416 | USEC began working with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in 2000 to resume gas centrifuge enrichment operation activities at the Portsmouth site, including use of previously constructed portions of the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant and the former GCEP facilities. USEC sited its Lead Cascade Test Program on the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12653614 | 1,125,839 |
100,724 | Arizona is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The university's research expenditure in fiscal year 2018 was $687.1 million. Arizona is the fourth most awarded public university by NASA for research. The UA was awarded over $325 million for its Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32015 | 100,679 |
1,156,316 | DNA diameter is about 2 nm, while the length of a stretched single molecule may be up to several dozens of centimetres depending on the organism. Many features of the DNA double helix contribute to its large stiffness, including the mechanical properties of the sugar-phosphate backbone, electrostatic repulsion between ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28268694 | 1,155,706 |
1,396,241 | Failure of the small intestine would be life-threatening due to the inability to absorb nutrients, fluids, and electrolytes from food. Without these essential substances and the ability to maintain energy balances, homeostasis cannot be maintained and one's prognosis will be dismal. Causes of intestinal failure may be ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46300441 | 1,395,470 |
986,151 | Other studies suggest that social exchange between individuals is a vital adaptation to the human brain, going as far to say that the human mind could be equipped with a neurocognitive system specialized for reasoning about social exchange.This adaption is predicted to evolve when two parties are both better off than t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2452832 | 985,636 |
759,810 | The environment of space is lethal without appropriate protection: the greatest threat in the vacuum of space derives from the lack of oxygen and pressure, although temperature and radiation also pose risks. The effects of space exposure can result in ebullism, hypoxia, hypocapnia, and decompression sickness. In additi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1614102 | 759,404 |
727,120 | Although turbidity purports to measure approximately the same water quality property as TSS, the latter is more useful because it provides an actual weight of the particulate material present in the sample. In water quality monitoring situations, a series of more labor-intensive TSS measurements will be paired with rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1010088 | 726,738 |
2,008,808 | The predominant means of investigating nutriepigenetics involves varying the nutritional conditions to which a subject is exposed to and monitoring the effects thereafter. Restricting caloric and protein intake are the two most common methods. A pregnant rodent may have their caloric intake reduced up to 30-50% of norm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30932051 | 2,007,656 |
1,362,906 | Space physics can be traced to the Chinese who discovered the principle of the compass, but did not understand how it worked. During the 16th century, in "De Magnete", William Gilbert gave the first description of the Earth's magnetic field, showing that the Earth itself is a great magnet, which explained why a compass... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4724840 | 1,362,153 |
54,815 | Hume elaborates more on the last principle, explaining that, when somebody observes that one object or event consistently produces the same object or event, that results in "an expectation that a particular event (a 'cause') will be followed by another event (an 'effect') previously and constantly associated with it". ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7925 | 54,792 |
620,510 | The constant battle between armour and armor-piercing round has led to continuous development of the main battle tank design. The evolution of American anti-tank weapons can be traced back to requirements to combat Soviet tanks. In the late 1980s, it was thought that the protection level of the Future Soviet Tank (FST)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10382 | 620,195 |
1,515,063 | The first inter-city railway passenger service in the world was the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, opened in 1830. By 1860, the UK had 10,000 miles of track and employed 180,000 people. Despite being the pioneer, British railways (and European railways in general) were much safer than American lines and consequently... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23667782 | 1,514,212 |
215,555 | would combine the Standard Model and grand unification, particularly for the models with 15 Weyl fermions per generation, without the necessity of right-handed sterile neutrinos by adding new gapped topological phase sectors consistent with the nonperturbative global anomaly cancellation and cobordism constraints (espe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12610 | 215,447 |
1,916,593 | After receiving his Ph.D, he began working at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Embryology in Baltimore for two years. After his short time there, he accepted a faculty position at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Beachy began focusing on the Drosophila hedgehog gene, for which he's known for, in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8742839 | 1,915,494 |
1,436,578 | In his studies of chemical informatics, Swamidass introduced three new kernels: Tanimoto, MinMax, and Hybrid, based on the idea of molecular fingerprints. He studied the properties and tradeoffs of these kernels, and also discussed their applications in terms of predicting mutagenicity, toxicity, and anti-cancer activi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69182555 | 1,435,769 |
514,065 | On 21 May 2009, a T-38 Talon from the test pilot school on a training flight crashed 12 miles north of Edwards AFB, killing the student pilot Major Mark Paul Graziano and severely injuring the student navigator Major Lee Vincent Jones. An accident investigation determined that the crash was caused when the aircraft's r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610257 | 513,799 |
1,650,105 | Netter is one of about a dozen new medical schools established in anticipation of increased demand for medical professionals following the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the aging of the baby boomer generation. Upon opening, it had a strong message that highlighted its desire for graduate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40099075 | 1,649,173 |
26,463 | The Habitable Mobility Platform would be a large pressurized rover used to transport crews across large distances. NASA has developed multiple pressurized rovers including the Space Exploration Vehicle built for the Constellation program which was fabricated and tested. In the 2020 flight manifest it was referred to as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60758751 | 26,453 |
2,242,699 | In 1975, Ann M. Anderson described a new ichnospecies of "Petalichnus" from the Table Mountain Sandstone of South Africa, "P. capensis", Ordovician in time. Its ichnospecific name "capensis" refers to the type locality in the Cape Province of South Africa. Anderson noted that "P. capensis" was larger than the rest of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15331437 | 2,241,428 |
219,891 | ADS was developed as a non-lethal weapon. According to Department of Defense policy, non-lethal weapons "are explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or material, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment." ADS has ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=953399 | 219,782 |
596,818 | The LWMMG is designed to fill the gap between 7.62 mm and .50 BMG machine guns. The weapon uses the .338 Norma Magnum round, giving it greater lethality and double the range of the 7.62 NATO round. The LWMMG has a rate of fire of 500 rounds per minute, an effective range of 1,700 meters (1,860 yards), and a maximum ran... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35841962 | 596,513 |
303,594 | The Curtiss Model 75 was a private venture by the company, designed by former Northrop Aircraft Company engineer Don R. Berlin. The first prototype, constructed in 1934, featured all-metal construction with fabric-covered control surfaces, a Wright XR-1670-5 radial engine developing , and typical United States Army Air... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=493939 | 303,432 |
1,649,708 | Like many rust diseases, "G. sabinae" requires two different hosts to complete its life cycle from year to year. Juniper is the winter host and pear is the most common summer host. Spores (called aeciospores) are produced from the fungal lantern-shaped growths which protrude from the blisters on the underside of the pe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11800151 | 1,648,776 |
1,270,623 | The earliest documentation of red snow was made by Aristotle. While he recognized that something must be contributing to the odd colouration, red snow was also commonly mistaken as mineral deposits or pollen up until the early 1900s. In 1819, samples of ‘red snow’ were brought back for examination with a returning Arct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4338212 | 1,269,932 |
1,385,467 | Computational/theoretical chemistry and biology methods are continuously pushing the horizon. Recently, DeepMind, which is a company specializing in the development of artificial intelligence (AI), created an AI system named AlphaFold. AlphaFold is the most advanced system to date that can accurately predict a protein'... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51708210 | 1,384,700 |
870,500 | In early 1990, Aleph One introduced an upgrade board for Archimedes A300 and A400 series models featuring the ARM3 processor which had been designed by Acorn but was sold independently by VLSI Technology. Although the ARM2 employed by current models could reportedly be run at 20 MHz, it was only ever run at 8 MHz due t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63145 | 870,040 |
1,750,515 | ESPRESSO has been opened to the astronomical community in the 1-UT mode (one single telescope used), and is producing scientific data since October 24, 2018. On quiet stars it has already demonstrated radial-velocity precision of 25 cm/s over a full night. However, there have been some problems, for example, in light c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29213543 | 1,749,529 |
334,812 | CGI has become common in sports telecasting. Sports and entertainment venues are provided with see-through and overlay content through tracked camera feeds for enhanced viewing by the audience. Examples include the yellow "first down" line seen in television broadcasts of American football games showing the line the of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31626763 | 334,634 |
1,152,564 | In 2013, an 18-year-old woman with EIS was reported. DNA sequencing revealed a homozygous mutation in ESR1, the gene that encodes the ERα. Within the ligand-binding domain, the neutral polar glutamine 375 was changed to a basic, polar histidine. An "in vitro" assay of ERα-dependent gene transcription found that the EC ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8104482 | 1,151,954 |
40,947 | While myocarditis has many etiologies and a variable constellation of signs and symptoms, many causes do not have a specific treatment thus the primary focus is on supportive care and symptom management. In some cases of biopsy-proven myocarditis, the causative cell type may indicate condition specific treatments that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=452461 | 40,932 |
588,168 | Grosseteste was already an elderly man, with an established reputation, when he became a bishop. As an ecclesiastical statesman, he showed the same fiery zeal and versatility of which he had given proof in his academic career; but the general tendency of modern writers has been to exaggerate his political and ecclesias... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=94721 | 587,866 |
1,920,263 | Works by geographers and other scholars began focusing on humans and the environmental context, especially Carl O. Sauer at University of California, Berkeley. Other early scholars examining humans and nature interactions, such as William Denevan, Julian Steward, Eric Wolf, and Claude Lévi-Strauss. In terms of impact, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=65056762 | 1,919,161 |
1,735,084 | Alterations in the expression and function of OAT1 play important roles in intra- and inter-individual variability of the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of many drugs. As a result, the activity of OAT1 must be under tight regulation so as to carry out their normal functions. The regulation of OAT transport activ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28829284 | 1,734,107 |
936,172 | Exposure effects can range from mild skin irritation to birth defects, tumors, genetic changes, blood and nerve disorders, endocrine disruption, coma or death. Developmental effects have been associated with pesticides. Recent increases in childhood cancers in throughout North America, such as leukemia, may be a result... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16534351 | 935,677 |
1,435,306 | Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy combines high resolution and clarity at high image acquisition speed, without damaging samples through photobleaching. Photobleaching is a major and highly common problem in fluorescence microscopy wherein fluorescent tags will lose their ability to emit photons upon repeated excitation. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44205022 | 1,434,500 |
218,914 | In 2009, Illumina released its first whole genome sequencers that were approved for clinical as opposed to research-only use and doctors at academic medical centers began quietly using them to try to diagnose what was wrong with people whom standard approaches had failed to help. In 2009, a team from Stanford led by Eu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 | 218,806 |
1,631,399 | Yosemite toads have several apparent adaptations to high elevation. Males live to be at least 12 years, and females until at least 15 years. Their longevity probably helps them outlast years of low snowpack that cause poor breeding conditions, and thus low metamorphic recruitment. They are largely diurnal in contrast t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12358621 | 1,630,477 |
284,202 | In 1878, Albert Neisser isolated and visualized "N. gonorrhoeae" diplococci in samples of pus from 35 men and women with the classic symptoms of genitourinary infection with gonorrhea – two of whom also had infections of the eyes. In 1882, Leistikow and Loeffler were able to grow the organism in culture. Then in 1883, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61837 | 284,049 |
1,163,684 | Modern electric power transmission systems consist of generating plants inter-connected by electrical circuits that operate at fixed transmission voltages controlled at substations. The grid voltages employed are largely dependent on the path length between these substations and 200-700 kV system voltages are common. T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9414169 | 1,163,067 |
1,621,149 | While Evanston and Chicago did not have the most oppressive Jim Crow laws in the country, in the post-War era the university and surrounding community remained highly conservative and resistant to changes in traditional social practices. Although as many as five black students were admitted every year, they were exclud... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10414221 | 1,620,234 |
12,663 | Completion requirements vary. Most Australian PhD programs do not have a required coursework component. The credit points attached to the degree are all in the product of the research, which is usually an 80,000-word thesis that makes a significant new contribution to the field. Recent pressure on higher degree by rese... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21031297 | 12,658 |
528,322 | Regulation of AI can be seen as positive social means to manage the AI control problem, i.e., the need to insure long-term beneficial AI, with other social responses such as doing nothing or banning being seen as impractical, and approaches such as enhancing human capabilities through transhumanism techniques like brai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63451675 | 528,048 |
402,763 | The NEP represented a more market-oriented economic policy (deemed necessary after the Russian Civil War of 1918 to 1922) to foster the economy of the country, which had suffered severely since 1915. The Soviet authorities partially revoked the complete nationalization of industry (established during the period of war ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40229586 | 402,563 |
827,549 | Roots, in particular, display observable swarm behavior, growing in patterns that exceed the statistical threshold for random probability, and indicate the presence of communication between individual root apexes. The primary function of plant roots is the uptake of soil nutrients, and it is this purpose which drives s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=207874 | 827,105 |
1,623,979 | First, consider fixed transmitarrays. At each location on the surface of the structure, the unit cells are physically scaled or rotated in order to obtain the required amplitude and phase distribution. Thus, only one focusing direction is available. The aim is to approximate the ideal phase distribution, such as formul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62946879 | 1,623,063 |
460,305 | In 1944, Kartveli began working on a turbojet-powered replacement for the P-47 Thunderbolt piston-engined fighter. The initial attempts to redesign the P-47 to accommodate a jet engine proved futile due to the large cross-section of the early centrifugal compressor turbojets. Instead, Kartveli and his team designed a b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=442516 | 460,079 |
404,505 | While the issue of military funding was perhaps the most obvious explanation for Grothendieck's departure from the IHÉS, those who knew him say that the causes of the rupture ran more deeply. Pierre Cartier, a "visiteur de longue durée" ("long-term guest") at the IHÉS, wrote a piece about Grothendieck for a special vol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2042 | 404,305 |
1,263,561 | The university's international dimension grew significantly during the 1990s, but was hampered by new training requirements for air-traffic controllers. ENAC participated in European projects such as EATCHIP (European Air Traffic Control Harmonization and Integration Program), and offered student-mobility programs thro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2008318 | 1,262,873 |
1,261,937 | On March 2, 1908 Nobel prize winning French physicist Gabriel Lippmann presented his ideas for "Photographie intégrale", based on insect eyes. He was probably also inspired by the barrier grid autostereograms of Frederic Ives and Eugène Estanave, representing Estanave at several presentations of Estanave's works at the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5291448 | 1,261,250 |
1,228,523 | Levels of "over 1000" and 750 mSv/h are reported from water within unit 2 (but outside the containment structure) and 3 respectively. Japan's Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency indicate that "The level of radiation is greater than 1,000 millisieverts. It is certain that it comes from atomic fission ... But we are not... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31167895 | 1,227,861 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.