doc_id int32 18 2.25M | text stringlengths 245 2.96k | source stringlengths 38 44 | __index_level_0__ int64 18 2.25M |
|---|---|---|---|
828,674 | Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was one of the first matrix-free desorption/ionization approaches used to analyze metabolites from biological samples. SIMS uses a high-energy primary ion beam to desorb and generate secondary ions from a surface. The primary advantage of SIMS is its high spatial resolution (as sm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1029211 | 828,228 |
2,155,973 | In addition to widespread poverty, the country faces other challenges: the need to develop the rule of law; the high cost of combating drug trafficking and terrorism on its border; low Internet penetration (16% of the population in 2013) and a small domestic market. The government sector is not structured to meet the d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54245572 | 2,154,742 |
327,867 | Monk had disappeared from the scene by the mid-1970s for health reasons and made only a small number of appearances during the final decade of his life. His last studio recordings as a leader were made in November 1971 for the English Black Lion label, near the end of a worldwide tour with the Giants of Jazz, a group w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=84250 | 327,693 |
989,886 | In a project sponsored by the DOE and operated by UOP LLC in collaboration with faculty from four different universities, MOFs were tested as possible carbon dioxide removal agents in post-combustion flue gas. They were able to separate 90% of the CO from the flue gas stream using a vacuum pressure swing process. Throu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12637359 | 989,369 |
170,152 | Often, many colleges and universities in the United States will compete with their teams in what is known as a tournament. In the tournament, from eight, 16, 32, 64, 75, or more individual wrestlers/teams can compete in each bracket. This allows many schools to establish their rankings, not only for individual student-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=622572 | 170,062 |
407,312 | Gerbner's model was first published by George Gerbner in his 1956 paper "Toward a General Model of Communication". It is a linear transmission model. It is based on the Shannon–Weaver model and Lasswell's model but expands them in various ways. It aims to provide a general account of all forms of communication. An impo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33742208 | 407,111 |
1,950,967 | In the appendix he elaborated on comments in the main text on how artificial selection—the elimination of trees of poor timber quality from the breeding stock—could be used to improve timber quality, and even create new varieties of trees. He extrapolated from this to what is today recognised as a description of natura... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54486030 | 1,949,846 |
259,958 | The S-3 was removed from front-line fleet service aboard aircraft carriers in January 2009, its missions having been taken over by the P-3C Orion, P-8 Poseidon, SH-60 Seahawk, and F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. For more a decade after that, some S-3s were flown by Air Test and Evaluation Squadron Thirty (VX-30) at Naval Base ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29475 | 259,824 |
1,269,371 | Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) mediates endocytosis of the virus into the host cell. Fusion with the plasma membrane to release the core into the host cytoplasm. Early phase: early genes are transcribed in the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1620206 | 1,268,680 |
1,820,348 | In mRNA degradation, ribonuclease E recognizes and cleaves the single-stranded RNA in A- and U-rich regions. The RNase E catalytic domain binds selectively to 5′-monophosphate RNA termini but has a mode of cleavage in the 3′ to 5′ direction. RNase E can identify cleavage sites by a 3′ to 5′ scanning mechanism. The anch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39057774 | 1,819,311 |
1,368,558 | Development of "Overwatch" followed after the cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game "Titan", a game that had been in development at Blizzard for seven years since around 2007. "Overwatch" director Jeff Kaplan said that "Titan" was a class-based shooter game, with each class having... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55762533 | 1,367,802 |
939,632 | Current bids for new nuclear power plants in China were estimated at between $2800/kW and $3500/kW, as China planned to accelerate its new build program after a pause following the Fukushima disaster. However, more recent reports indicated that China will fall short of its targets. While nuclear power in China has been... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10838742 | 939,131 |
831,570 | Eagleman is currently an adjunct professor at Stanford University, after directing a neuroscience research laboratory for 10 years at Baylor College of Medicine. He serves as the Chief Science Advisor for the Mind Science Foundation, and is the youngest member of the board of directors of the Long Now Foundation. Eagle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6058684 | 831,121 |
855,016 | While living at Haverstock Hill, Robert would work six days a week, rising at 5 am, when he would study the sciences and read poetry; he was a firm Tory, but avoided reading political articles in newspapers. He was respected and known as "The Chief", but told a friend that he felt that his reputation would "break under... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=252957 | 854,561 |
1,124,523 | TOA and AOA measurements are also subject to multipath errors, particularly when the direct path from the transmitter to receiver is blocked by an obstacle. Time of arrival measurements are also most accurate when the signal has distinct time-dependent features on the scale of interest—for example, when it is composed ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1932188 | 1,123,949 |
1,239,649 | The stoichiometry (measurement of chemical reactants and products) of primary production in the surface ocean plays a crucial role in the cycling of elements in the global ocean. The ratio between the elements carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in exported organic matter expressed in terms of the C:N:P ratio ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61256010 | 1,238,981 |
91,636 | The aging red blood cell undergoes changes in its plasma membrane, making it susceptible to selective recognition by macrophages and subsequent phagocytosis in the mononuclear phagocyte system (spleen, liver and lymph nodes), thus removing old and defective cells and continually purging the blood. This process is terme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67158 | 91,596 |
382,820 | Surveying instruments have characteristics that make them suitable for certain uses. Theodolites and levels are often used by constructors rather than surveyors in first world countries. The constructor can perform simple survey tasks using a relatively cheap instrument. Total stations are workhorses for many professio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60891 | 382,625 |
1,791,189 | To create the mutant, three genes were inactivated that green sulfur bacteria acquired late in their evolution. In this way it was possible to go backward in evolutionary time to an intermediate state with much less variable and better ordered chlorosome organelles than the wild-type. The chlorosomes were isolated from... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4487041 | 1,790,182 |
368,451 | The MiG-29K project was initiated in the late 1970s when the Soviet Navy developed a requirement for a supersonic carrier-based fighter. As a first step to meet this requirement, the Mikoyan design bureau designed a "proof of concept" version of the MiG-29 fitted with a stronger undercarriage and a reinforced tail sect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3687116 | 368,258 |
502,665 | Forensic engineering has been defined as ""the investigation of failures - ranging from serviceability to catastrophic - which may lead to legal activity, including both civil and criminal"." It includes the investigation of materials, products, structures or components that fail or do not operate or function as intend... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69817 | 502,407 |
864,528 | The intimate relationships that necessarily existed between metrology and geodesy explain that the International Association of Geodesy, founded to combine and use the geodetic works of different countries, in order to reach a new and more exact determination of the shape and dimensions of the Globe, gave birth to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28200487 | 864,068 |
453,877 | Before the Enlightenment, virtually all Jews believed that the Torah was dictated to Moses by God. Since many parts of the Torah, specifically the laws and commandments, are written in unspecific terms, they also believed that Moses received an interpretation of the Torah that was transmitted through the generations in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=142703 | 453,656 |
1,157,443 | The species is the largest member in its genus and specimens may have a height (from tip of dorsal to tip of anal fin) of as much as . Its natural base color is silver but with three brownish/red vertical stripes and red striations into the fins. The species may show red spotting and a blueish green dorsal overcast whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=729247 | 1,156,830 |
737,360 | Wildlife in cities are more susceptible to suffering ill effects from exposure to toxicants (such as heavy metals and pesticides). In China, fish that were exposed to industrial wastewater had poorer body condition; being exposed to toxicants can increase susceptibility to infection. Humans have the potential to induce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=295670 | 736,971 |
1,086,184 | Upon its move to London in 1877 the Institution rented premises at No. 10 Victoria Chambers, where it remained for 20 years. In 1895 the Institution bought a plot of land at Storey's Gate, on the eastern end of Birdcage Walk, for £9,500. Architect Basil Slade looked to the newly-completed Admiralty buildings facing the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1404820 | 1,085,626 |
555,397 | Born the son of Hall Plumer and Louisa Alice Plumer (née Turnley) and educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Plumer was commissioned as a lieutenant into the 65th Regiment of Foot on 11 September 1876. He joined his regiment in India and became adjutant of his battalion on 29 April 1879. Pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1126070 | 555,108 |
1,295,040 | The Mathnasium approach first revolves around an assessment to determine what a student does and does not know. Next, a personalized and prescriptive learning program is made. Each student follows the program with the help of specially trained Mathnasium math instructors who provide instruction and encouragement. For p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27742079 | 1,294,329 |
1,286,502 | High stiffness and excellent chemical stability makes BNNTs ideal material for reinforcement in polymers, ceramics and metals. For instance, buckypaper-based BNNT/epoxy composites and polyurethane-modified buckypaper composites have been successfully developed. These composite materials exhibit Young’s moduli over twic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48540155 | 1,285,801 |
403,792 | The decade that followed the 1989 repurchase was a time of significant advancements for Gulfstream. The company signed a five-year contract with NetJets in 1994. It completed the Gulfstream V Integration Test Facility and rolled out the GV – the first ultra-long range business jet – in 1995. The opening of a $16 millio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=511793 | 403,592 |
624,901 | The various geyser basins are located where rainwater and snowmelt can percolate into the ground, get indirectly superheated by the underlying Yellowstone hotspot, and then erupt at the surface as geysers, hot springs, and fumaroles. Thus flat-bottomed valleys between ancient lava flows and glacial moraines are where m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=245174 | 624,568 |
698,296 | Various astronomers, especially those who had access to more precise observations, were skeptical of the geocentric Ptolemaic model and proposed alternatives, including the heliocentric theory (now known to be correct) where the planets and the Earth orbit the Sun. Many proposals did not diffuse outside the local cultu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19327051 | 697,932 |
1,018,135 | The first of these designs that the He 277 was pitted against, mostly to determine the "most producible" bomber that could also be license-built, given Germany's limited aircraft production capacity to arm the Luftwaffe with, and partially to determine the best long-range bomber design to fulfill the needs of the sprin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=455378 | 1,017,609 |
1,725,889 | As more research is performed on, further developments will be made that will increase the viability and usability of cortical implants. Decreasing the size of the implants would help with keeping procedures less complicated and reducing the bulk. The longevity of these devices is also being considered as developments ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=49706798 | 1,724,918 |
1,081,321 | The J-2X was intended to be based on the J-2 used on the S-II and S-IVB stages of the Saturn rockets used during the Apollo program, but as required thrust for the Ares I increased due to weight problems it became a clean-sheet design. It entered development in 2007 as part of the now-cancelled Constellation program. O... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5846760 | 1,080,765 |
1,184,892 | Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function. In the case of an ongoing insult (a neurodegenerative insult) the relative preservation of neuronal integrity implies a reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time, which can be expressed as a differential equation. It is a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2597506 | 1,184,264 |
408,594 | The Andromeda Galaxy is approaching the Milky Way at about as indicated by blueshift. However, the lateral speed (measured as proper motion) is very difficult to measure with sufficient precision to draw reasonable conclusions. Until 2012, it was not known whether the possible collision was definitely going to happen o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7901784 | 408,393 |
742,724 | Peroxisomes can be derived from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum under certain experimental conditions and replicate by membrane growth and division out of pre-existing organelles. Peroxisome matrix proteins are translated in the cytoplasm prior to import. Specific amino acid sequences (PTS or peroxisomal targeting sig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24062 | 742,330 |
1,318,729 | After the June 2015 Charleston church shooting, radio commentators Colin McEnroe and Ray Hardman questioned whether the preservation of the college's name was an inappropriate legacy of white supremacy. The events, which instigated student protests and alumni petitions in the same year, caused administrators to conside... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1300577 | 1,318,004 |
742,222 | Different hemorrhagic fever viruses act on the body in different ways, resulting in different symptoms. In most VHFs, it is likely that several mechanisms contribute to symptoms, including liver damage, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and bone marrow dysfunction. In DIC, small blood clots form in blood ve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1719309 | 741,830 |
305,213 | In the 1960s and 1970s the new social forces, introduced, the social democrats argued, by their 'mixed economy' and their many reforms of capitalism, began to change the political landscape in the western world. The long postwar boom and the rapid expansion of higher education produced, as well as rising living standar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47246185 | 305,051 |
1,642,150 | As a practical example, an efficient image inpainting method for color images via the CSC model is shown. Consider the three-channel dictionary formula_200, where formula_201 denotes the formula_118-th atom at channel formula_104, represents signal formula_5 by a single cross-channel sparse representation formula_6, wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59448183 | 1,641,223 |
930,620 | Since the 1970s and 1980s, several scholars have attempted a systematic re-evaluation of the inscriptional and papyrological evidence (Smith 1972, Teodorsson 1974, 1977, 1978; Gignac 1976; Threatte 1980, summary in Horrocks 1999). According to their results, many of the relevant phonological changes can be dated fairly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3110015 | 930,129 |
441,970 | The wavelengths at which azobenzene isomerization occurs depends on the particular structure of each azo molecule, but they are typically grouped into three classes: the azobenzene-type molecules, the aminoazobenzenes, and the pseudo-stilbenes. These azos are yellow, orange, and red, respectively, owing to the subtle d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1107528 | 441,755 |
24,342 | Sixth edition was released on June 23, 2012. Changes to this edition included the adoption of an optional Psychic Power card system similar to that of the game's sister product "Warhammer Fantasy Battle" as well as the inclusion of full rules for flying vehicles and monsters and a major reworking of the manner in which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=89633 | 24,333 |
1,213,327 | On 5 May 1998, a fire broke out onboard while off the Western Australia coast. The fire was caused by the rupture of a flexible fuel line (one of a number used to replace rigid hoses) on cylinder number nine, starboard engine. This sprayed diesel fuel onto a hot indicator cock, which ignited a spray fire, resulting in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5606945 | 1,212,675 |
1,296,238 | As the aircraft climbed through 30 minutes into the flight, according to the subsequent mishap investigation report "the aircraft encountered turbulence and morphed into an unexpected, persistent, high dihedral configuration. As a result of the persistent high dihedral, the aircraft became unstable in a very divergent ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22078663 | 1,295,527 |
777,339 | Economists believe that incentives and costs play a pervasive role in shaping decision making. An immediate example of this is the consumer theory of individual demand, which isolates how prices (as costs) and income affect quantity demanded. Modern mainstream economics has foundations in neoclassical economics, which ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8693555 | 776,923 |
190,400 | Iñupiat people on the North Slope of Alaska had mined oil-saturated peat for possibly thousands of years, using it as fuel for heat and light. Whalers who stayed at Point Barrow saw the substance the Iñupiat called pitch and recognized it as petroleum. Charles Brower, a whaler who settled at Barrow and operated trading... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=197732 | 190,303 |
1,397,631 | As described in Chapters 6-10 of the concept study's Final Report, "Lynx" is designed as an X-ray observatory with a grazing incidence X-ray telescope and detectors that record the position, energy, and arrival time of individual X-ray photons. Post-facto aspect reconstruction leads to modest requirements on pointing p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55589664 | 1,396,858 |
1,232,884 | The cell cycle begins with interphase when the DNA replicates, the cell grows and prepares to enter mitosis. Mitosis includes four phases, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Prophase is the initial phase when spindle fibers appear that function to move the chromosomes toward opposite poles. This spindle appa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=376924 | 1,232,221 |
1,366,711 | Online learning environments however tend to reflect the cultural, epistemological, and pedagogical goals and assumptions of their designers. In computer-supported collaborative learning environments, there is evidence that cultural background may impact learner motivation, attitude towards learning and e-learning, lea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4548948 | 1,365,955 |
1,079,592 | During his association with Carl Zeiss' microscope works, not only was he at the forefront of the field of optics but also labor reform. He founded the social democratic Jenaische Zeitung (newspaper) in 1890 and in 1900, introduced the eight-hour workday, in remembrance of the 14-hour workday of his own father. In addi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=524981 | 1,079,037 |
651,322 | The H in the F2H of 1978 denoted "High Speed". It was yet another titanium-armored F2 but this time with a fixed (not reflex), semi-silvered, pellicle mirror, manual lens diaphragm control and a mechanically matched titanium-armored Nikon MD-100 high-speed motor drive. The maximum shutter speed is 1/1000 (vs. 1/2000 fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3146672 | 650,980 |
1,869,568 | The thin lacustrine interbeds of the Mawson Formation have received several names in literature, being known as either Carapace Sandstone or Carapace Formation, being a series of Freshwater environments developed during times when the Kirkpatrick Basalt stopped invading the zone. The lava flow deposits of the Kirkpatri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62202084 | 1,868,492 |
1,721,311 | This involves the approval of a product for sale in a jurisdiction. Typically a national agency such as the US Food and Drug Administration (specifically, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, or CDER), the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency or Health Canada or Ukrainian Drug Registration Age... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10338164 | 1,720,341 |
1,473,804 | Button qualified seventh, but incurred a five-place grid penalty for changing his gearbox, promoting his teammate Magnussen to seventh. Although Räikkönen in eighth improved his car's balance, he slid multiple times after a unrectifiable frontal problem, creating understeer. Sutil took ninth and Maldonado, who was the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38847467 | 1,472,973 |
1,387,841 | In June 2010 the 2008–2009 Annual Report of the President's Cancer Panel was released and recommended: "Because of the long latency period of many cancers, the available evidence argues for a precautionary approach to these diverse chemicals, which include (…) bisphenol A". In August 2010, the Maine Board of Environmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57552333 | 1,387,074 |
883,677 | In recent years, the increased sophistication and accessibility of eye-tracking technologies have generated a great deal of interest in the commercial sector. Applications include web usability, advertising, sponsorship, package design and automotive engineering. In general, commercial eye-tracking studies function by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1543423 | 883,213 |
182,337 | At the 99th IOC Session in July 1992, the IOC voted to approve women's hockey as an Olympic event beginning with the 1998 Winter Olympics as part of their effort to increase the number of female athletes at the Olympics. Women's ice hockey had not been in the programme when Nagano, Japan had won the right to host the O... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1855215 | 182,241 |
1,685,117 | Natural history in the eighteenth century was the "nomination of the visible". Carl Linnaeus was preoccupied with fitting all nature into taxonomy, fixated on only what was visible. Towards the turn of the eighteenth century, Immanuel Kant became interested in understanding where species derived from, and was less conc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8243937 | 1,684,172 |
144,219 | Higher performing solid rocket propellants are used in large strategic missiles (as opposed to commercial launch vehicles). HMX, CHN(NO), a nitramine with greater energy than ammonium perchlorate, was used in the propellant of the Peacekeeper ICBM and is the main ingredient in NEPE-75 propellant used in the Trident II ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37830 | 144,161 |
65,269 | During these battles, the Nationalist Sabres introduced a new element into aerial warfare. Under a secret effort designated Operation Black Magic, the U.S. Navy had provided the ROC with the AIM-9 Sidewinder, its first infrared-homing air-to-air missile, which was just entering service with the United States. A small t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=359331 | 65,244 |
833,869 | The light emitted by most VFDs contains many colors and can often be filtered to enhance the color saturation providing a deep green or deep blue, depending on the whims of the product's designers. Phosphors used in VFDs are different from those in cathode-ray displays since they must emit acceptable brightness with on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=497899 | 833,420 |
1,538,231 | Born on 15 February 1952, Dipankar Banerjee graduated in metallurgical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras in 1974. After gaining a master's degree, he pursued his doctoral studies at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) to earn a PhD in 1979. His post-doctoral work was at the Aeronautical Res... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56079268 | 1,537,358 |
2,139,421 | After returning from the winter break, Rensselaer was forced to postpone or cancel several games in early January due to an increase in positive COVID-19 tests. When they did began playing games, the team also found itself in need of a new starting goaltender as presumptive primary netminder, Linden Marshall, had not p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68602559 | 2,138,191 |
720,103 | The first bolometers made by Langley consisted of two steel, platinum, or palladium foil strips covered with lampblack. One strip was shielded from radiation and one exposed to it. The strips formed two branches of a Wheatstone bridge which was fitted with a sensitive galvanometer and connected to a battery. Electromag... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=98918 | 719,723 |
1,181,513 | A variant of the land bridge hypothesis has been proposed in an attempt to explain both how a land bridge could have formed, and why other mammalian orders failed to cross it. Geological studies have shown that following the collision of India and Asia, the Davie Fracture Zone had been pushed up by tectonic forces, pos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26770557 | 1,180,889 |
502,670 | Trace evidence is sometimes an important factor in reconstructing the sequence of events in an accident. For example, tire burn marks on a road surface can enable vehicle speeds to be estimated, when the brakes were applied and so on. Ladder feet often leave a trace of movement of the ladder during a slip and may show ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69817 | 502,412 |
1,701,321 | An even more controversial direction was taken for the new university based on a daring vision that higher education should be completely separated from religious doctrine. One of the largest construction projects in North America up to that time, the new Grounds were centered upon a library (then housed in the Rotunda... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42259670 | 1,700,367 |
1,143,041 | A driverless tractor is an autonomous farm vehicle that delivers a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds for the purposes of tillage and other agricultural tasks. It is considered driverless because it operates without the presence of a human inside the tractor itself. Like other unmanned ground vehicles, the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38711859 | 1,142,444 |
822,515 | Capital budgeting, in relation to engineering economics, is the proper usage and utilization of capital to achieve project objectives. It can be fully defined by the statement; "... as the series of decisions by individuals and firms concerning how much and where resources will be obtained and expended to meet future o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7977203 | 822,074 |
133,322 | The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14400 | 133,269 |
1,427,231 | Leijonhufvud's monetary economics built on the work of the American economist Robert W. Clower. In 1968, at the age of 35, he published a famous scholarly book entitled "On Keynesian Economics and the Economics of Keynes". In the book, he argued that Keynesian economics had to be re-examined. He made the case that John... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15742838 | 1,426,428 |
384,629 | Nitrosamines can be formed during the curing process used to preserve meats, when sodium nitrite-treated meat is cooked, and also from the reaction of nitrite with secondary amines under acidic conditions (such as occurs in the human stomach). Dietary sources of nitrosamines include US cured meats preserved with sodium... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=407615 | 384,434 |
326,912 | In January 2004, the UK Ministry of Defence announced the selection of an A330 MRTT variant to provide tanking for the RAF for the next 30 years under the Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft (FSTA) programme, replacing the RAF's TriStar and VC10 tankers. The Ministry of Defence entered negotiations with the EADS-led AirTa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=616482 | 326,738 |
1,963,548 | The CDRD has developed a helium balloon-based stationary surveillance platform equipped with pan–tilt–zoom and infrared cameras, demining machines, voice encryption devices for telephones and radios, high nutrition/ high caloric ration packs alongside packaging material and containers, GPS-based vehicle tracking device... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64487376 | 1,962,420 |
868,482 | Armour-piercing, composite rigid (APCR) in British nomenclature, high-velocity armour-piercing (HVAP) in US nomenclature, and 'hard core ammunition' () in German nomenclature, is a projectile which has a core of high-density hard material, such as tungsten carbide, surrounded by a full-bore shell of a lighter material ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=79266 | 868,022 |
549,668 | The earliest discovery of a burrowing "Thrinaxodon" places the specimen found around 251 million years ago, a time frame surrounding the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Much of these fossils had been found in the flood plains of South Africa, in the Karoo Basin. This behavior had been seen at a relatively low occurr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2969781 | 549,380 |
216,573 | On 13 June 2012, a major milestone of the HMP was announced by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) director Francis Collins. The announcement was accompanied with a series of coordinated articles published in Nature and several journals in the Public Library of Science (PLoS) on the same day. By mapping the normal ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=205464 | 216,465 |
195,774 | Further major construction largely ceased on the site until the groundbreaking for the College of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences (CHASS) in April 1951. A group of five buildings designed by different architects in a decidedly more Modern style were completed by 1954: the Rivera Library, Webber Hall, Geology Buildi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=230311 | 195,674 |
1,359,440 | The first courses at the Royal Engineers Establishment were done on an all ranks basis with the greatest regard to economy. To reduce staff the NCOs and officers were responsible for instructing and examining the soldiers. If the men could not read or write they were taught to do so and those that could read and write ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3125065 | 1,358,689 |
1,381,723 | The International Code Council is focused on assuming the community's buildings support the resilience of communities ahead of disasters. The process presented by the ICC includes understanding the risks, identifying strategies for the risks, and implementing those strategies. Risks vary based on communities, geographi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40050529 | 1,380,960 |
771,133 | Various control programs aim to stop onchocerciasis from being a public health problem. The first was the Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP), which was launched in 1974, and at its peak, covered 30 million people in 11 countries. Through the use of larvicide spraying of fast-flowing rivers to control black fly popu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=276846 | 770,719 |
400,171 | In the middle of February 1945, back in fighting trim, the carrier steamed for Ulithi, arriving on 13 March. She set off westward for strikes on Japan on 14 March and four days later launched strikes against airfields on Kyūshū. That morning a twin-engined Japanese G4M "Betty" broke through a curtain of defensive fire,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=245903 | 399,972 |
878,149 | By 1981, laboratory members including Terry Walters, Tom Abrams, and Robert Hawkins had been able to extend the "Aplysia" system into the study of classical conditioning, a finding that helped close the apparent gap between the simple forms of learning often associated with invertebrates and more complex types of learn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=193622 | 877,687 |
1,902,015 | Grazier was hired at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory while still in graduate school to write mission planning and analysis software, used primarily by the Cassini/Huygens Mission. Upon completion of his Ph.D., he was hired full-time onto Cassini as a Science System Engineer (later Science Planning Engineer) and, a short ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46885105 | 1,900,925 |
1,546,343 | The phosphorus atom in phosphines has a formal oxidation state −3 (σλ) and are the phosphorus analogues of amines. Like amines, phosphines have a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry although often with smaller C-E-C angles (E = N, P), at least in the absence of steric effects. The C-P-C bond angle is 98.6° for trimet... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8502542 | 1,545,469 |
75,764 | In keeping with the norms of the time, Kolmer completed a relatively small animal trial with 42 monkeys before proceeding to self experimentation in 1934. He tested his vaccine upon himself, his two children, and his assistant. He gave his vaccine to just 23 more children before declaring it safe and sending it out to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=192198 | 75,736 |
1,290,610 | Due to the atypical presentation and rarity of the infection, it takes a physician longer to diagnose than more common types of bladder infections. Diagnosis requires a personalized investigation with consideration to risk factors and symptoms. Radiology of the abdominal or pubic region has proven to be an important to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39900219 | 1,289,900 |
878,150 | Starting in 1966 James Schwartz collaborated with Kandel on a biochemical analysis of changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage. By this time it was known that long-term memory, unlike short-term memory, involved the synthesis of new proteins. By 1972 they had evidence that the second messenger mol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=193622 | 877,688 |
2,155,961 | Andrew Lumsden has co-authored a book entitled "The Developing Brain" with Michael Brown and Roger Keynes. Following his PhD on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in mammalian development, Lumsden's interest moved to the question of how integumental structures, such as teeth and vibrissae acquire their nerve supply, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29140493 | 2,154,730 |
1,472,860 | Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women in developed countries, and it is well studied that hypoestrogenism has many regulatory functions in the cardiovascular system. Estradiol (E2), an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone, has a cardio-protective effect. As such, hypoe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15738568 | 1,472,030 |
744,473 | While the motivating factors behind unequal recombination remain obscure, elements of the physical mechanism have been elucidated. Mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, for instance, are a well-known regulatory family of proteins, responsible for regulating mismatched sequences of DNA during replication and escape regulation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64045 | 744,079 |
908,442 | Rutan made headlines again in June 2004 with SpaceShipOne, which became the first privately built, flown and funded manned craft to reach space. The project, named "Tier One" (later known as Tier 1b), was developed and flown by Mojave Aerospace Ventures, which is part-owned by Scaled Composites and was a joint venture ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=422813 | 907,964 |
564,714 | "Ichthyornis" was one of the first Mesozoic avialans ever found and the first one known to have had teeth, making it an important discovery in the early history of paleontology. It remains important today, as it represents one of the closest non-avian relatives of modern birds, and one of a handful of Mesozoic bird rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1708899 | 564,424 |
2,218,488 | The site is located in the innermost part of Tanabe Bay facing the Kii Channel on the western shore of the Kii Peninsula. The area contains many sea caves caused by wave erosion, and the Isoma site is a rock shelter measuring about 23 meters wide by about 5 meters deep by 5 meters high on the west slope of a 20-meter h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=69429739 | 2,217,226 |
2,092,597 | Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, by K. P. Huber and Gerhard Herzberg (Van nostrand Reinhold company, New York, 1979, ), is a classic comprehensive multidisciplinary reference text contains a critical compilation of available data for all diatomic molecules and ions known at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13182486 | 2,091,392 |
16,188 | The KGB's report, declassified in March 2003, dismissed various conspiracy theories and instead indicated the actions of airbase personnel contributed to the crash. The report states that an air-traffic controller provided Gagarin with outdated weather information and that by the time of his flight, conditions had dete... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34226 | 16,183 |
605,049 | Various application notes describe analysis in areas such as flavor and fragrance, food and beverage, packaging, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and perfumes, and chemical companies. More recently they can also address public concerns in terms of olfactive nuisance monitoring with networks of on-field devices. Since emission ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8736181 | 604,739 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.