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678,091 | The One Health Commission (OHC) was chartered in Washington, D.C. in 2009 as a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Its mission is to connect individuals and create relationships across human, animal, and environmental health sectors, as well as to educate the public about these issues with the intent to improve global hea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31155073 | 677,737 |
1,598,598 | Choi's teammates Chang and Ki each won in their brackets to meet in the semifinals. As the defending champion Ki was the favourite to advance to the final, but Chang overcame a poor start - which included scoring a three with her second arrow - to win in five sets and progress to the final, ending Ki's hopes of becomin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45521589 | 1,597,698 |
1,909,834 | The College of Science's Academy of Integrated Science is an interdisciplinary degree-conferring program offering majors in Computational Modeling & Data Analytics (CMDA), Nanoscience, and Systems Biology, and a minor in Science, Technology & Law.[21] The CMDA program is administered by faculty from the Department of M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32855490 | 1,908,736 |
440,351 | The skull of "E. annectens" is known for its long, wide muzzle. Cope compared this feature to that of a goose in side view, and to a short-billed spoonbill in top view. The skull was longer and lower proportionally than in any other known hadrosaurid. The toothless portion of the anterior mandible was relatively longer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13078611 | 440,137 |
2,003,924 | The DSD process was invented in the late 1990 by Mark Lehmann with the first successful demonstration of the process in a factory hall of the Obrecht AG, Doettingen, Switzerland. The results of the experiments were evaluated and double-checked by Prof. Dr. Kurt Heiniger (University of applied Sciences and Arts, Northwe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63078029 | 2,002,775 |
1,979,955 | Aralkylamine "N"-acetyltransferase (AANAT) (), also known as arylalkylamine "N"-acetyltransferase or serotonin "N"-acetyltransferase (SNAT), is an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin, by modification of serotonin. It is in humans encoded by the ~2.5 kb "AANAT gene" containing four ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9578853 | 1,978,817 |
957,222 | Multitasking is a common feature of computer operating systems since at least the 1960s. It allows more efficient use of the computer hardware; when a program is waiting for some external event such as a user input or an input/output transfer with a peripheral to complete, the central processor can still be used with a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6857 | 956,716 |
179,161 | The chemotherapy or irradiation given immediately prior to a transplant is called the conditioning regimen, the purpose of which is to help eradicate the patient's disease prior to the infusion of HSCs and to suppress immune reactions. The bone marrow can be ablated (destroyed) with dose-levels that cause minimal injur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=575810 | 179,068 |
961,266 | Water turbines, particularly in the Americas, would largely become standardized with the establishment of the Holyoke Testing Flume, described as the first modern hydraulic laboratory in the United States by Robert E. Horton and Clemens Herschel, the latter of which would serve as its chief engineer for a time. Initial... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34053 | 960,757 |
1,392,116 | Veereman-Wauters et al. (2012) assessed the potential behavioral benefits of MFGM supplementation in young children. In this double-blind RCT, healthy preschool children (2.5 to 6 years of age) consumed for 4 months, either a control formula (n=97) providing 60 mg/day of endogenous phospholipid, or an MFGM-supplemented... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55178557 | 1,391,345 |
2,150,790 | In the technical working of medical electrolysis the most minute precautions are required. The solution of the drug must be made with as pure water as possible, recently distilled. The spongy substance forming the electrode must be free from any trace of electrolytic substances. Hence all materials used must be washed ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4001248 | 2,149,559 |
206,798 | Another important theoretical mechanism is the arise of intrinsic genetic incompatibilities, addressed in the Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller model. Genes from allopatric populations will have different evolutionary backgrounds and are never tested together until hybridization at secondary contact, when negative epistatic in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29000 | 206,691 |
358,258 | Their ancestors may have reached the island by one million years ago. In 2016, fossil teeth and a partial jaw from hominins assumed to be ancestral to "H. floresiensis" were discovered at Mata Menge, about from Liang Bua. They date to about 700,000 years ago and are noted by Australian archaeologist Gerrit van den Berg... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1108628 | 358,072 |
1,841,152 | Vitaros® - is a rapid-onset (generally 5–15 minutes) topical cream for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It contains Prostaglandin E1 as the active ingredient and the Company's proprietary permeation enhancer (NexACT®) which facilitates the delivery of the drug into the blood stream. The current formulation of Vit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31333922 | 1,840,100 |
1,952,370 | During the season, the team lost to its only ranked opponent, #4 Connecticut (December 22), but defeated power conference opponents Boston College (January 5) of the Atlantic Coast Conference and Colorado (November 28) of the Big 12 Conference. The Colorado victory was the team's first ever against a Big 12 opponent. I... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=31094018 | 1,951,249 |
875,318 | The stellarator was invented by American scientist Lyman Spitzer of Princeton University in 1951, and much of its early development was carried out by his team at what became the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). Lyman's Model A began operation in 1953 and demonstrated plasma confinement. Larger models follow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29591 | 874,856 |
254,504 | Royal Ordnance designed variants with 105 mm Royal Ordnance L7 gun as an upgrade package for owners of the Type 59. The upgrades incorporated 105 mm L7A3 gun with thermal sleeve and ammunition stowage of 34 rounds, British smoke grenade dischargers on both sides of the turret, Graviner fire-suppression system, Vickers ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=676065 | 254,371 |
1,378,100 | Inside a magnet the wires are subjected to high Lorentz forces as well as thermal stresses during cooling. Any strain in the niobium tin causes a decrease in the superconducting performance of the material, and can cause the brittle material to fracture. Because of this, the wires need to be as stiff as possible. The Y... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3196393 | 1,377,338 |
186,322 | Chemical tests for blood use the pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin to catalyze a reaction between the heme component of both hemoglobin and myoglobin and the chromogen (a substance that acquires colour after a chemical reaction) tetramethylbenzidine to produce an oxidized chromogen, which has a green-blue colour.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21479285 | 186,225 |
2,181,623 | The beetle be found in every place where the willow grows. They hibernate under barks or debris, and can be found under logs and mud. The species live for 8–9 months. They are active during spring, particularly in May, and can be found on the ground where the tree have started throwing its buds. From May to June the sp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34850936 | 2,180,376 |
1,720,841 | The idea that the Moon is not perfectly smooth originates to at least , when Democritus asserted that the Moon's "lofty mountains and hollow valleys" were the cause of its markings. However, not until the end of the 15th century AD did serious study of selenography begin. Around AD 1603, William Gilbert made the first ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8955468 | 1,719,871 |
1,986,368 | Many different studies have attempted to quantify the amount of adaptive evolution in the human genome, the vast majority using the comparative approaches outlined above. Although there are discrepancies between studies, generally there is relatively little evidence of adaptive evolution in protein coding DNA, with est... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30142141 | 1,985,226 |
2,147,534 | While working as an assistant in his first job, he met Thomas Nuttall and developed an interest in the natural sciences which filled his leisure time for the remainder of his life. He was particularly interested in mineralogy, and made extensive collections of minerals which he described and shared with Parker Cleavela... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30204601 | 2,146,303 |
1,324,821 | Robinson, an African American, started his college education at LeMoyne-Owen College and graduated from Memphis State University now the University of Memphis, in 1979 with summa cum laude honors and a B.S. degree in chemistry. He received a Ph.D. in nuclear chemistry from Washington University in St. Louis in 1984. In... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36487327 | 1,324,094 |
264,263 | In the Soviet Union, military planners had also formulated similar requirements, which led to TsAGI, the Soviet aerodynamics bureau, performing extensive studies into variable geometry wings. TsAGI evolved two distinct designs, differing mainly in the distance (expressed as a percentage of total wingspan) between the w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=349470 | 264,120 |
27,197 | The ability of gene transcription to be regulated allows for the conservation of energy as cells will only make proteins when needed. Gene expression can be influenced by positive or negative regulation, depending on which of the two types of regulatory proteins called transcription factors bind to the DNA sequence clo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9127632 | 27,187 |
636,216 | Using the setup in figure 2, detecting the signal at frequency ω will give a value for formula_19 or formula_20. Plotting in derivative mode also emphasizes Auger fine structure, which appear as small secondary peaks surrounding the primary Auger peak. These secondary peaks, not to be confused with high energy satellit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36835 | 635,877 |
1,508,218 | Often a combination of both environmental conditions and stress will cause failure. Metal components are designed to withstand the environment and stresses that they will be subjected to. The design of a metal component involves not only a specific elemental composition but also specific manufacturing process such as h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28446647 | 1,507,370 |
1,225,598 | The energy center was named after Duane Arnold who grew up in Sanborn, Iowa. Arnold was educated at Grinnell College and went to work for Iowa Electric Light and Power Company in 1946. At the time of his death in 1983, at the age of 65, he was chairman of the board and CEO of that company, marrying along the way the da... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=579254 | 1,224,938 |
1,485,671 | In 2009, Ying-Hui Fu and colleagues described how a genetic variant in DEC2 produced the short sleep phenotype. In this variant, an arginine residue is substituted for a proline residue typically present at position 384. Within the family studied, people having the DEC2 mutation had shorter sleep durations. The researc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67466517 | 1,484,833 |
207,933 | The term "leukoplakia" was coined in 1861 by Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky, who used it to refer to white lesions of the urinary tract. In 1877, Schwimmer first used the term for an oral white lesion. It is now thought that this white lesion on the tongue represented syphilitic glossitis, a condition not included in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=878905 | 207,826 |
848,165 | A low-carbon economy (LCE) or decarbonised economy is an economy based on energy sources that produce low levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions due to human activity are the dominant cause of observed climate change since the mid-20th century. Continued emission of greenhouse gases will cause long-las... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8941842 | 847,715 |
497,523 | A similar phenomenon occurs in the sea urchin, "Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis". Urchin mothers in nutrient rich environments produce a large number of small eggs. Offspring from these small eggs grow at a faster rate than their large egg counterparts from nutrient poor mothers. Again, it is beneficial for sea urchi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=343457 | 497,266 |
600,636 | Lindzen was born on February 8, 1940 in Webster, Massachusetts. His father, a shoemaker, had fled Nazi Germany with his mother. He moved to the Bronx soon after his birth and grew up in a Jewish household in a predominantly Catholic neighborhood there. Lindzen attended the Bronx High School of Science (winning Regents'... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=182075 | 600,330 |
1,572,114 | When used for women of advanced maternal age and for patients with repetitive IVF failure, PGP is mainly carried out as a screening for detection of chromosomal abnormalities such as aneuploidy, reciprocal and Robertsonian translocations, and few cases for other abnormalities such as chromosomal inversions or deletions... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38823222 | 1,571,226 |
32,392 | Applied science lead to the development of the steam engine. The sequence of events began with the invention of the barometer and the measurement of atmospheric pressure by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643, demonstration of the force of atmospheric pressure by Otto von Guericke using the Magdeburg hemispheres in 1656, la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9251 | 32,380 |
671,331 | Concurrency control in Database management systems (DBMS; e.g., Bernstein et al. 1987, Weikum and Vossen 2001), other transactional objects, and related distributed applications (e.g., Grid computing and Cloud computing) ensures that "database transactions" are performed concurrently without violating the data integrit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=217356 | 670,979 |
2,023,471 | He led a team of researchers studying the ecology of the overwintering grounds of the monarch in the mountains of Michoacan, Mexico, starting in the winter of 1977, incorporating aspects of thermal biology, predator-prey interactions, and chemical ecology. In the 1980s, he assisted conservation groups in Mexico and the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54035491 | 2,022,307 |
131,381 | In 2003 Mannheim adopted a prototype light-rail vehicle (LRV) using the MITRAC Energy Saver system from Bombardier Transportation to store mechanical braking energy with a roof-mounted supercapacitor unit. It contains several units each made of 192 capacitors with 2700 F / 2.7 V interconnected in three parallel lines. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33307786 | 131,329 |
1,314,001 | MININEC is an independent implementation of the concepts in NEC. It uses the same method of moments algorithm to calculate the outcomes, but using entirely original code. The first versions were written in 1980 in BASIC for 32 kB Apple II computers, and after following some advice from Professor Wilton at the Universit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4716957 | 1,313,281 |
365,883 | The idea behind ray casting, the predecessor to recursive ray tracing, is to trace rays from the eye, one per pixel, and find the closest object blocking the path of that ray. Think of an image as a screen-door, with each square in the screen being a pixel. This is then the object the eye sees through that pixel. Using... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26000 | 365,692 |
1,264,038 | In many developing countries the reuse and reprocessing of SUDs are simply because of cost restraints and immediate need of these medical devices, but are potentially risk-bounded, as the sterilisation and standards are not yet up to date and could possibly be a hazard for patients. A study done in African countries, r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60888520 | 1,263,350 |
1,646,060 | Economic historian Roderick Floud's analysis, in the 1970s, of relative imports and exports led him to the conclusion that it was "unlikely that the American share of the British market was rising significantly, until the 1890s ... [it rose to] a peak in 1899 before settling back to a period of less astonishing but sti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30046818 | 1,645,131 |
2,087,535 | Aside from their synthetic utility, P450 enzymes have also been engineered to better understand their biochemistry. Based on the proposed catalytic cycle, an axially ligated thiolate moiety (cysteine) donates electron density to the metal center aiding in protonation of a ferric-peroxo anion intermediate (O-O-Fe) which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53843175 | 2,086,333 |
1,652,805 | No prior knowledge of the elastic parameters and density beyond the solution space defined by any hard constraints is provided at the well locations. This makes comparison of the filtered well logs and the inversion outputs at these locations a natural quality control. The lowest frequencies from the inversion are repl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21495178 | 1,651,873 |
1,720,918 | The structure of 40-42 kDa porphobilinogen deaminase, which is highly conserved amongst organisms, consists of three domains. Domains 1 and 2 are structurally very similar: each consisting of five beta-sheets and three alpha helices in humans. Domain 3 is positioned between the other two and has a flattened beta-sheet ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5758323 | 1,719,948 |
131,954 | Spectroscopy is a branch of science concerned with the spectra of electromagnetic radiation as a function of its wavelength or frequency measured by spectrographic equipment, and other techniques, in order to obtain information concerning the structure and properties of matter. Spectral measurement devices are referred... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27752 | 131,902 |
1,104,285 | A poor fit of the action to the stock is also a source of problems, and this problem is exacerbated by issues such as thermal expansion of metal parts during use, and swelling and contracting of wooden stocks with changes in humidity. These changes can affect accuracy either by allowing the action to shift under recoil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1369191 | 1,103,722 |
1,831,674 | Following discussions by Captain Murray Sueter of the Royal Naval Air Service and Bramah Diplock of the Pedrail Transport Company, the machine was designed by the British engineer Colonel R.E.B. Crompton on behalf of the Landship Committee. The brief was for a vehicle that could carry a unit of troops - a "trench storm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61315137 | 1,830,627 |
1,504,550 | After her PhD in 1967, Thomas remained with Cambridge at Darwin College until 1969. During this time, she held a Beit Memorial Fellowship for Medical Research at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB), a lab dedicated to understanding biological processes in order to solve major proble... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11568677 | 1,503,704 |
2,060,264 | During a visit at his parents in Königsberg, he got engaged and married Martha Kobligk; they had three daughters. Although he liked staying in Germany, Friedländer accepted a position at the Technologische Gewerbemuseum in Vienna in 1895. During that time, he discovered the thioindigo. His research on the color variati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5837675 | 2,059,077 |
418,484 | Plants in this family are characterized by simple leaves that are alternate spiral to distichial, serrated, and usually glossy. Most of the genera have evergreen foliage, but "Stewartia" and "Franklinia" are deciduous. The toothed margins are generally associated with a characteristic Theoid leaf tooth, which is crowne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=616450 | 418,279 |
864,373 | The progression of this disease varies from person to person. It's the prevalence of symptoms is dependent on when the individual is diagnosed with diabetes. Individuals with type 1 diabetes are often diagnosed at a young age, usually between childhood and adolescence. In some cases, brain development in these patients... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26876046 | 863,913 |
1,439,481 | The chemoproteomic toolkit is anchored by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS or LC-MS) based quantitative proteomics, which allows for the near complete identification and relative quantification of complex proteomes in biological samples. In addition to proteomic analysis, the detection of post-t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48999251 | 1,438,671 |
730,347 | Geology was popularized by several authors. John Pye Smith's lectures published in 1840 reconciled an extended time frame with Genesis by the increasingly common gap theology or day-age theology, and said it was likely that the gravel and boulder formations were not "diluvium", but had taken long ages predating the cre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=543667 | 729,962 |
570,066 | The defence industry of Russia is a strategically important sector and a large employer. Russia is the second largest conventional arms exporter after the United States, with $8 billions' worth of exports in 2008. The most popular types of weaponry bought from Russia are Sukhoi and MiG fighters, air defense systems, he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21886445 | 569,776 |
216,222 | The McCormick Tribune Campus Center (MTCC) at 33rd and State Streets opened in September 2003. Designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas, considered one of the "10 most influential living architects by the American Institute of Architects," the campus center arranges various areas around diagonal pathways, resembling in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=73299 | 216,114 |
1,025,466 | The 1859 publication of Darwin's theory in "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life" is often considered the central event in the history of modern biology. Darwin's established credibility as a naturalist, the sober tone of the work, and mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=322460 | 1,024,933 |
27,453 | Starting in 2002, the "Le Mans Classic" has been held as a biennial event on the full circuit in July. The races take place over a full 24-hour day/night cycle, with starts on set times allowing cars from the same era to compete simultaneously. A team typically consists of a car in each class. The team with the most po... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1401596 | 27,443 |
981,984 | Because the rotation of P3 is exacerbated by continued pull on the deep digital flexor tendon, one approach to therapy has been to cut this tendon, either in the cannon region (mid-metacarpus) or in the pastern region. Over a time period of 6 weeks, tenotomy is thought to allow P3 to realign with the ground surface. Cr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1580943 | 981,472 |
1,612,675 | Unlike these assembly methods, reduction methods make all the bonds between atom pairs, generating a hypergraph. Then, the size of the graph is reduced with respect to the constraints. First, the existence of substructures in the hypergraph is checked. Unlike assembly methods, the generation tree starts with the hyperg... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66452088 | 1,611,770 |
2,126,344 | Reproduction is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering the cellular and molecular biology of reproduction, including the development of gametes and early embryos in all species; developmental processes such as cell differentiation, morphogenesis and related regulatory mechanisms in normal and disease models, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20813644 | 2,125,123 |
2,163,487 | Robert Cowan of "The Independent" wrote, "MacMillan's Concerto extends the 'dialogue of extremes' that has proved a pivotal aspect of his earlier work. It opens with a bang, and keeps the soloist busily employed virtually for the duration. It is, in a word, a 'real' Cello Concerto - lyrical, combative, rich in dialogue... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48458599 | 2,162,251 |
1,471,994 | It is worth noting that migration through the amoeboid mechanism of invasion is accompanied by changes not only in the cell shape, but also in the shape of the nucleus and its orientation and position relative to other internal organelles. The nucleus, which is the largest and stiffer, compared to the surrounding cytos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58886026 | 1,471,165 |
1,072,212 | Applications for DNA nanotechnology in nanomedicine also focus on mimicking the structure and function of naturally occurring membrane proteins with designed DNA nanostructures. In 2012, Langecker "et al." introduced a pore-shaped DNA origami structure that can self-insert into lipid membranes via hydrophobic cholester... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26901564 | 1,071,658 |
1,249,917 | The third controversy involved the dispute over California's potential oil wealth with Yale Professor Benjamin Silliman Jr. After conducting a small-scale survey of surface seeps of petroleum in Ventura County, Silliman claimed that California possessed "fabulous wealth in the best of oil". Whitney vehemently contested... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=763199 | 1,249,241 |
715,903 | Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are believed to be contributing factors leading to neuronal loss and mitochondrial dysfunction in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease, and may play an early role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. It is reported that CL content in the brain decreases with aging, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1799250 | 715,528 |
1,357,468 | The mechanism of NFCI is poorly understood. Reduced control of circulation and damage to the microcirculation are characteristic. Although some authorities consider the cause to be only prolonged vasoconstriction, others think it likely to be more complex. There is evidence suggesting that extent and severity of tissue... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63625795 | 1,356,718 |
334,734 | The Leclerc has an eight-cylinder SACM (now Wärtsilä) V8X-1500 1,500 hp Hyperbar diesel engine and a SESM (now Renk AG) automatic transmission, with five forward and two reverse gears. The official maximum speed by road is 71 km/h and 55 km/h cross country (speeds in excess of 80 km/h were reported on road). The maximu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=375366 | 334,556 |
15,270 | In 2010, Sweden awarded Saab a four-year contract to improve the Gripen's radar and other equipment, integrate new weapons, and lower its operating costs. In June 2010, Saab stated that Sweden planned to order the Gripen NG, designated JAS 39E/F, and was to enter service in 2017 or earlier dependent on export orders. O... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=87577 | 15,265 |
816,128 | With the deployment of GCI, CH became the early warning portion of the radar network. To further simplify operations and reduce manpower requirements, the job of plotting the targets became semi-automated. An analogue computer of some complexity, known simply as "The Fruit Machine", was fed information directly from th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=382754 | 815,692 |
832,685 | Berkeley computer scientist Stuart Russell has noted that omitting an implicit constraint can result in harm: “A system [...] will often set [...] unconstrained variables to extreme values; if one of those unconstrained variables is actually something we care about, the solution found may be highly undesirable. This is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50785023 | 832,236 |
1,983,786 | There are also concerns or issues with use of GIS tools for public health efforts. Chief among those is a concern for privacy and confidentiality of individuals. Public health is concerned about the health of the population as a whole, but must use data on the health of individuals to make many of those assessments, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22180696 | 1,982,647 |
1,038,921 | SpaceX uses multiple redundant in a fault-tolerant design in its Falcon 9 rocket. Each Merlin engine is controlled by three voting computers, with two physical processors per computer that constantly check each other's operation. Linux is not inherently fault-tolerant (no operating system is, as it is a function of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40817876 | 1,038,380 |
206,801 | Sexual selection can drive speciation in a clade, independently of natural selection. However the term "speciation", in this context, tends to be used in two different, but not mutually exclusive senses. The first and most commonly used sense refers to the "birth" of new species. That is, the splitting of an existing s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29000 | 206,694 |
1,629,847 | The Nano-particle field extraction thruster or "NanoFET" is an experimental high-speed spacecraft engine under development by the University of Michigan. It provides thrust by emitting charged particles. These particles are cylindrical carbon nanotubes which can either be contained in tanks or manufactured in-flight. B... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24730139 | 1,628,928 |
1,596,325 | In the 1880s, the fall of grain prices greatly impacted Dutch society. Due to the agricultural base of the economy, government intervention was required to prevent poverty and these actions created a model for the development of science policy. The term “science policy” was coined much later. Scientific experiments pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60894579 | 1,595,426 |
1,270,871 | Islamic scholarship had inherited Aristotelian physics from the Greeks and during the Islamic Golden Age developed it further, especially placing emphasis on observation and "a priori" reasoning, developing early forms of the scientific method. With Aristotelian physics, physics was seen as lower than demonstrative mat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17944118 | 1,270,180 |
451,987 | Ultraviolet (UV) light induces the formation of covalent linkages on DNA and thereby prevents microbes from reproducing. Without reproduction, the microbes become far less dangerous. Germicidal UV-C light in the short wavelength range of 100–280 nm acts on thymine, one of the four base nucleotides in DNA. When a germic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5301306 | 451,768 |
1,850,701 | The intent had been to fly a 6-kg male Southern pig-tailed macaque ("Macaca nemestrina") named "Bonny" in low Earth orbit for 30 days. However, after only 8.8 days in orbit, the mission was terminated because of the subject's deteriorating health. High development costs were a strong incentive for maximising the scient... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50957182 | 1,849,640 |
332,463 | Numerous critiques have been made regarding the use of impact factors, both in terms of its statistical validity and also of its implications for how science is carried out and assessed. A 2007 study noted that the most fundamental flaw is that impact factors present the mean of data that are not normally distributed, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1036865 | 332,286 |
1,040,959 | Changing clocks and DST rules has a direct economic cost, entailing extra work to support remote meetings, computer applications and the like. For example, a 2007 North American rule change cost an estimated $500 million to $1 billion, and Utah State University economist William F. Shughart II has estimated the lost op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=65801630 | 1,040,416 |
947,920 | The second-generation RocketMotorTwo engine is a variant of the earlier SNC basic design, but is fueled by polyamide plastic fuel, while continuing to use the same nitrous oxide oxidizer. The second-generation engine is now made in-house by Virgin Galactic rather than by SNC. By December 2012, 15 full-scale tests had b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1311283 | 947,416 |
1,982,977 | The need for a more modernized method for forecasting tropical cyclones had become apparent by the mid-1980s. At that time Department of Defense was using acetate, grease pencils, and disparate computer programs to forecast tropical cyclones. The ATCF software was developed by the Naval Research Laboratory for the Join... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40392400 | 1,981,838 |
1,349,352 | On 6 December 1942 James Pelly-Fry led 2 Group's Operation Oyster daylight raid on the Philips electrical works at Eindhoven in the Netherlands. Eight of 2 Group's squadrons were committed to the raid, which was complicated by the need to use three different types of bomber aircraft to get an adequate bomb load to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1777245 | 1,348,606 |
847,460 | In hydraulic fracturing, radioactive tracer isotopes are injected with hydraulic fracturing fluid to determine the injection profile and location of created fractures. Tracers with different half-lives are used for each stage of hydraulic fracturing. In the United States amounts per injection of radionuclide are listed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=420361 | 847,010 |
639,344 | One of the perceived differences between technical and other forms of recreational diving is the associated hazards, of which there are more associated with technical diving, and risk, which is often, but not always greater in technical diving. Hazards are the circumstances that may cause harm, and risk is the likeliho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=291242 | 639,005 |
510,895 | Since the advent of high-power semiconductors such as the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), it is now possible to build a switched-mode power supply capable of coping with the high loads of arc welding. These designs are known as inverter welding units. They generally first rectify the utility AC power to DC; t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1546777 | 510,630 |
241,523 | On February 15, 2007, two groups—the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)—jointly announced the adoption of a new ionizing radiation warning symbol to supplement the traditional trefoil symbol. The new symbol, to be used on sealed radiation sources, is a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=528679 | 241,397 |
374,817 | Manufacturers have developed in-cell touch panels, integrating the production of capacitive sensor arrays in the AMOLED module fabrication process. In-cell sensor AMOLED fabricators include AU Optronics and Samsung. Samsung has marketed its version of this technology as "Super AMOLED". Researchers at DuPont used comput... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20695220 | 374,622 |
468,091 | As the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA takes place inside the mitochondria, mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of diminished electron transport chain function has long been suspected as a feature in MMA. Recent research has found that in rat models mitochondria of rats affected by the disorder grow t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=549725 | 467,856 |
1,605,667 | The school was founded on 9 December 1939 in Baku. On 4 March 1945, on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, the school was awarded the Battle Banner of the school. Fifteen years after the original founding date, the school was named after Sergei Mironovich Kirov. On 22 February 1968, the school was awarded th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64334706 | 1,604,763 |
347,505 | Prior to Mühe, the only specialty performing laparoscopy on a widespread basis was gynecology, mostly for relatively short, simple procedures such as a diagnostic laparoscopy or tubal ligation. The introduction in 1990 of a laparoscopic clip applier with twenty automatically advancing clips (rather than a single load c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68469 | 347,324 |
1,590,025 | After hitting Westervelt, the tornado weakened and probably lifted before reforming and re-intensifying over southern Moultrie County. The new tornado then passed directly through the northern half of Mattoon, causing F4 damage and "near-total destruction" in its path. It destroyed 496 homes, damaged 284, and killed at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27482751 | 1,589,131 |
324,302 | From youth, Marconi was interested in science and electricity. In the early 1890s, he began working on the idea of "wireless telegraphy"—i.e., the transmission of telegraph messages without connecting wires as used by the electric telegraph. This was not a new idea; numerous investigators and inventors had been explori... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12104 | 324,130 |
529,914 | Once again, the Eagles would continue their every-other-year or even-numbered-years trend by missing out on the Frozen Four in the 2013 Tournament via a 5–1 first round loss to Union College and returning the following year in 2014. After defeating Denver 6–2 and UMass Lowell 4–3 in Worcester, the Eagles advanced to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18880361 | 529,640 |
1,606,073 | Research into the chemical and physical properties intrinsic to the materials used to create cultural heritage objects is a large part of the study of conservation science. Materials science, in conjunction with the broader field of restoration and preservation, has resulted in what is now recognized as modern conserva... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9962115 | 1,605,169 |
1,784,585 | Map symbols commonly employ multiple visual variables simultaneously. This can be used to reinforce the depiction of a single property; for example, a capital city having a symbol that is larger and a different shape than other cities, or a color progression on a choropleth map from pale yellow to dark green, using bot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64829941 | 1,783,581 |
607,792 | A banjo-shaped wooden case housed a large iron wire hoop with red silk stretched and glued over it. The opposite end had a much smaller hoop in which a very thin disc of colored glass was secured. This entire iron wire assembly was pivoted inside an electromagnet on what was known as a "Z" armature which was wound with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14849714 | 607,481 |
742,410 | In English the word "microtonality" is mentioned in 1946 by Rudi Blesh who related it to microtonal inflexions of the so-called "blues scales". In Court B. Cutting's 2019 "Microtonal Analysis of “Blues Notes” and the Blues Scale", he states that academic studies of the early blues concur that its pitch scale has within... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68276 | 742,018 |
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