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|---|---|---|
46,200 | 333 | QUESTION:
Carry on.
ANSWER:
It is -- thank you. It is possible that I wrote th is
letter as a follow-on to the first generation study
that we did and, as we got results back --
confirmatory testing results back, I drafted this s o
that Dr Collins could contact those. There is
something in that letter, if I rec... |
46,201 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes, the first paragraph says:
"When you donated blood recently, we included
two new tests for a form of Hepatitis or Jaundice
virus."
ANSWER:
Okay. So this letter does refer to the comparative
first generation study we did.
|
46,202 | 333 | QUESTION:
Thank you. That was what I --
ANSWER:
So this is as the results of that study -- yeah.
That's where it came from, then, because it says tw o
57 tests.
|
46,203 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then, just in terms of once testing was fully
operational across for the Northern Region, I think
there came a point in the course of 1992 when it
appears that you learnt that Dr Collins had not bee n
communicating to donors who had tested positive the
fact of their positive test and what steps they sho u... |
46,204 | 333 | QUESTION:
The reference, just for the transcript, I don't
propose to go to it is NHBT0003991. How had that
happened and what steps were taken to rectify that
situation?
ANSWER:
Steps to rectify: as soon as we found out, we sort of
piled resources then to get the letters out, dedica ted
a secretary to help with... |
46,205 | 333 | QUESTION:
Dr Lloyd, I'm going to move in a moment to three
further short topics of questioning I have for you,
but before I do so, on the question of the
introduction of hepatitis C screening, is there
anything further that you would want to say or that we
haven't covered or haven't covered in your statemen t?
A... |
46,206 | 333 | QUESTION:
So I'm going to move now to an issue about the
introduction of hepatitis B core antibody testing.
Not as a surrogate measure for non-A, non-B hepatit is
but in relation to hepatitis B itself.
If we pick this up at WITN6935033.
This is a memo from you. I think it's an
internal memo from the names.
159 ... |
46,207 | 333 | QUESTION:
18 May 1983. It refers to you having spoken to
Dr Gunson regarding hepatitis B core antibody testi ng.
"He says that the results of the trial have now
been completed and are being presented to the
appropriate Department of Health Committee on
Virological Safety."
Then the next paragraph discusses the t... |
46,208 | 333 | QUESTION:
And the reference to being "as usual ... incredibly
slow in their deliberations", is that harkening bac k
to the then not too distant past of the issue relat ing
to hepatitis C screening, do you think, or were the re
other issues that you had in mind?
ANSWER:
No, I think I was just referring to hepatitis... |
46,209 | 333 | QUESTION:
Is this right: that the Newcastle Centre or the
Northern Region, had been involved in the trial of the
anti-HBc test kits?
ANSWER:
Yes, I think we had. I think I've seen somewhere
a little -- a few sheets of paper sort of showing s ome
results, so yes, we did do some work on it. I can' t
remember the... |
46,210 | 333 | QUESTION:
Just for the transcript --
61 ANSWER:
But I notice in that --
|
46,211 | 333 | QUESTION:
Carry on.
ANSWER:
Sorry.
I notice at the bottom of this that we're
talking about the information they had available fr om
the Liverpool study. I haven't seen -- I may have
seen it at the time, but obviously that was a study
that I thought at the time was of note.
|
46,212 | 333 | QUESTION:
And I won't go to it but there's a letter from
Dr Gunson to you in February of '93 which refers to
your participation in the trial of test kits from
Abbott and Pasteur, and the reference for the
transcript is NHBT0018413.
Can I then pick up this issue about anti-HBc
testing with a meeting in July of '93... |
46,213 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes, it was a meeting on 27 July '93 of
RTDs/chief executives/general managers, and you wer e
present along with a number of others who fell into
that category.
162 If we look at page 4, picking it up at
paragraph 6.1, under the headed in "UK Advisory
Committee on Transfusion Transmitted Diseases", you... |
46,214 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then if we pick matters up towards the end of 1993,
at NHBT0005291_003.
This is a letter from you dated
8 November '93 to all consultant haematologists,
finance managers and blood transfusion contract
holders.
This particular letter is addressed to
Dr Hamilton.
"As you know, we included provision for
... |
46,215 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then we can see next paragraph:
"At the beginning of this year we were asked not
to start this test and to wait until the whole coun try
65 started testing. We have now been informed that th is
test is not to be introduced, this instructio... |
46,216 | 333 | QUESTION:
It would appear that Dr Hamilton, to whom this was
addressed, was troubled by the decision. We can se e
166 that from NHBT000 --
ANSWER:
He would be.
|
46,217 | 333 | QUESTION:
-- 5291_002.
So Dr Hamilton, who was Dr Peter Hamilton,
a haematologist at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, wa s
here three days later seeking advice from solicitor s.
He referred to the letter he'd received from you, a nd
then said:
"As the Consultant in Administrative Charge of
Blood Bank at this hospi... |
46,218 | 333 | QUESTION:
Just one further document, I think then, on this
issue, which is at NHBT0097150_007, please. This i s
a newspaper article in The Times, April 1995, so it 's
a year and a half, or so, later. If we just pick i t
up in the middle column, second paragraph down from
the top. I think we can leave the whole ... |
46,219 | 333 | QUESTION:
An accurate reflection of your views, as at 1995?
ANSWER:
Yes, it is. Apart from a comment in the second
section right-hand column, right at the end:
"Dr Lloyd, however, agrees with the Health
Department's decision in this case."
I don't know how that comment came about because
it does not match anyt... |
46,220 | 333 | QUESTION:
I think that's a reference to testing for HTLV-I,
Dr Lloyd.
ANSWER:
Is it? Oh, I see.
|
46,221 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes. That's how I read it.
ANSWER:
Yes, thank you for that. Yes, you're quite right.
|
46,222 | 333 | QUESTION:
As opposed to the anti-HBc.
ANSWER:
Okay. But anti-HBc, yes, I -- that was my feeling at
the time. I think that's a fairly accurate reflect ion
of what I was thinking and we see some -- you know,
Dr Peter Hamilton was good at coming forward and
stating the point clearly, and I have to agree with
him. ... |
46,223 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then, whether by reference to those SHO years or th en
in the 1980s when you began to concentrate on
haematology and transfusion and you had some
experience with blood banking, and so on, do you
recall what the position was in terms of record
keeping? Were there -- how meticulous or rigorous an
approa... |
46,224 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then if we could look at document you've exhibited to
your statement please WITN6935018. This is headed
"Transfusion -- Do We Have Any Choice?":
"The answer is Yes and No!
"In many instances there is no choice, but in
some cases there is a choice.
"The main choices can be summarised as follows:
174 "... |
46,225 | 333 | QUESTION:
I just wanted to ask you a little more about the
second and third of those choices. The "Make
judgments on clinical state not just on the value",
what did you mean by that?
ANSWER:
Well, not just on the value of the haemoglobin. So
175 ...[frozen screen]... look at the clinical state of
the patient. ... |
46,226 | 333 | QUESTION:
And do you know when that process of having -- this
idea of the maximum blood order schedule, when that
was introduced in the region?
ANSWER:
Oh, it wouldn't have been introduced across the reg ion
as a single process but, you know, you have to
remember in the Northern Region most of the
haematologists ... |
46,227 | 333 | QUESTION:
And I think we can see a reference to --
ANSWER:
I can't remember --
|
46,228 | 333 | QUESTION:
We can see a reference to those meetings and to
hospital transfusion committees at NHBT0009710.
These are the notes of a November '91 visit to
the RTC by Dr Ala and Dr Hewitt. If we just go to
page 2, we pick it up at the bottom half of the
page first of all, paragraph 1.3, "Regional
Transfusion Commi... |
46,229 | 333 | QUESTION:
Do you know when that weekly practice started? Was it
already ongoing when you came back to the Centre in
86/87?
ANSWER:
It was -- that was going back -- that was operating
back in 1981. I recall going into it as a registra r
being in -- Dr Collins saying, "You know, you shoul d
get across to that me... |
46,230 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then the next paragraph refers to three-monthly
haematology audits. It says there:
"... topic-orientated and have included
transfusion matters."
Is there a system with which you were -- or
a process with which you were involved at the
Transfusion Service, was that done with the region and
the hospita... |
46,231 | 333 | QUESTION:
And if we look at the top of the page we can just p ick
up the reference to hospital transfusion committees .
It says:
"Twenty/twenty-one Hospital Transfusion
Departments are serviced by the RTC and of these,
three/four have set up Hospital Transfusion
Committees. These generally meet at three-monthly... |
46,232 | 333 | QUESTION:
November 1991, the date of this.
ANSWER:
Dr Ala and Dr Hewitt, yes. When Dr Hewitt and Dr A la
visited. So I think there was a hospital transfusi on
committee at the Freeman Hospital before that, when
179 I was still perhaps a senior registrar. But they
would have been one of the sort of -- one of th... |
46,233 | 333 | QUESTION:
Looking back now, Dr Lloyd, do you think there is m ore
that could have been done, whether by the Regional
Transfusion Service or by the hospitals within the
region or, indeed, nationally perhaps, by the Chief
Medical Officer or the Department of Health, to
reinforce the message about using transfusion
... |
46,234 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then last on this topic, NHBT0072687_001.
This is a letter from you to a consultant
cardiothoracic surgeon at the Freeman Hospital,
Dr Hilton, 11 June 1990. It says:
"Following the recent episode in which you
phoned myself requiring that we provide blood bags for
you to collect blood from staff in thea... |
46,235 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then my final topic, Dr Lloyd, is in relation to
record keeping. We've covered already in your
statement, and the documents we've got refers to th e
record-keeping systems at the Centre and your
introduction of the various computerised systems, s o
I'm not proposing to ask you more about that, but y ou... |
46,236 | 333 | QUESTION:
Do you not have it on your screen?
ANSWER:
I don't, no. We've not moved on from Dr Hilton's
letter yet.
|
46,237 | 333 | QUESTION:
Ah, let's try again. Could you reload it, Sully,
because it was on my screen. Have you got it there ?
ANSWER:
Yes, I have 1.1, "Introduction". Thank you.
183 |
46,238 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes, so it says:
"Transfusion Centres store a wide range of
documents and records ..."
Then if we skip down to the third paragraph:
"Each group of documents or records can be
viewed as having to be retained for certain minimum
periods to satisfy specific legal requirements ..."
Then you say:
"The need ... |
46,239 | 333 | QUESTION:
If we go to page 7, please, Sully, top half of the
page. We can see outline recommendations and you
identify there three categories: "Long Term", where
the recommendation is to keep the records for
30 years:
"This covers Donor and Donation records and
policy and management records as well as records
d... |
46,240 | 333 | QUESTION:
I think the Inquiry has heard some evidence or
received some evidence that the Red Book guidelines
around this time were 15 years, in relation to the
kind of records you were here identifying should be
kept for 30 years.
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,241 | 333 | QUESTION:
Was that your understanding and was the intention,
therefore, to essentially depart from the Red Book
guidance and create a longer term storage system?
ANSWER:
Yes, definitely. I think the three of us recognise d
that you couldn't, sort of, rely on things, you kno w,
just saying, oh, well, you know, it... |
46,242 | 333 | QUESTION:
Don't worry, if you don't know, you don't know.
The next question is about donor exclusion on
the basis of previous transfusions. You'll recall we
looked yesterday at both the national guidance and
190 then the Northern Region zone guide or booklet on
donor selection, which looked at deferral of donor... |
46,243 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then when donors were either excluded or deferred - -
and this next question is not limited to previous
blood transfusion -- what were the circumstances in
which a donor might be advised to go and see their GP
and have further testing?
ANSWER:
I mean, that usually -- that was sort of a rather
191 indi... |
46,244 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes.
ANSWER:
Very different requirement to go and see somebody.
|
46,245 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then if you had a donor who was being deferred or s ent
away because they'd had a blood transfusion in the
192 past -- I appreciate the period of time might vary
depending upon the particular set of guidance in
operation at that time, but if you were doing that,
was there any practice of telling donors ... |
46,246 | 333 | QUESTION:
Cases of possible transfusion-associated hepatitis, is
it right to understand that you did not report such
cases to the CDSC?
ANSWER:
Well, if a patient had a transfusion -- well, had
a transfusion and then developed hepatitis, that --
I don't think -- I don't think we were informing th e
CDSC ourselve... |
46,247 | 333 | QUESTION:
Do you think it would have been helpful to have som e
kind of reporting obligation and a body, whether it
was CDSC or another body, to whom all such cases of
transfusion-associated hepatitis should be reported ?
ANSWER:
Oh yes, definitely it would have -- it is the sort of
thing that, you know, you look a... |
46,248 | 333 | QUESTION:
Then next can I ask you to look at your statement,
WITN6935001.
Page 108, please, Sully.
If we look at the bottom of the page,
paragraph 171, there's the reference there to "Maxi mum
benefit at minimal cost". And then I'm not asking you
about the first sentence in the context of the
question. I've j... |
46,249 | 333 | QUESTION:
Next --
ANSWER:
I hope that helps you.
|
46,250 | 333 | QUESTION:
Thank you. The next question relates to the delays in
the introduction of hepatitis C screening. One of the
concerns expressed in documentation at the time is
about false positives. What was your view on the
issue of false positives and how to deal with donor s
or the possible situation of donors be... |
46,251 | 333 | QUESTION:
In the Northern Region, could you just help us with
understanding who was undertaking the screening. I f
we leave aside at the moment the Teesside office an d
talk about the rest of the sessions, whether they w ere
general public sessions or industrial sessions in t he
Northern Region --
ANSWER:
Okay.... |
46,252 | 333 | QUESTION:
-- was it a donor session clerk with, then, referra l
to a medical officer in some instances?
ANSWER:
Yes, the donor -- actually it was the same for both
the Teesside office and the new -- sessions out of
Newcastle. At both sites we employed people who we re
specifically looking after donor issues. So... |
46,253 | 333 | QUESTION:
When in May/June of 1991 there was a backlash in
relation to your decision to introduce hepatitis C
screening ahead of the common start date, what was the
response, if any, of your Regional Health Authority ?
Were they supportive of your position?
ANSWER:
Yes. I had absolutely no problem. I had no ad... |
46,254 | 333 | QUESTION:
And then the last question is this: did you get any
sense during the decision making in relation to
hepatitis C testing, whether from Dr Gunson and --
ANSWER:
Sorry, could you --
|
46,255 | 333 | QUESTION:
Yes, I'll start again.
ANSWER:
I'm sorry, I'm going to have to ask you to start th at
question again.
|
46,256 | 333 | QUESTION:
No problem.
199 During the introduction -- the decision making
about the introduction of hepatitis C testing, or
indeed after you'd introduced it, did you get any
sense that litigation, in particular the fact that
there had been the HIV Haemophilia Litigation again st
the Department of Health, and oth... |
46,257 | 334 | null |
46,258 | 335 | null |
46,259 | 336 | QUESTION:
Sir, we are turning to the issue of domestic
production of blood products and questions around t he
self-sufficiency. There will be a series of
presentations in the coming weeks and then some ora l
witnesses as well.
We are beginning with a presentation on
production of blood products in England and ... |
46,260 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes.
ANSWER:
We are going to bear in mind, are
we, that there may have been sources of production if
one viewed the whole as United Kingdom.
|
46,261 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes. That is something that will be touched
upon today and examined in more detail next week by
Mr Boukraa.
Northern Ireland will be dealt with more with
Scotland because that is where product began to be
made in the 1980s for Northern Ireland. Again, it
will be touched upon today and some evidence ... |
46,262 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes, we will be looking at that. In preparing
these presentations, we are very conscious of the f act
that you have heard oral evidence. These
presentations aren't an effort to try to surpass th at
oral evidence or even to try to analyse it. They a re
a piece of a jigsaw to go with the oral evidenc... |
46,263 | 336 | QUESTION:
Exactly so, sir. These are not our submissions.
These are an account of what the documents seem to us
to show.
ANSWER:
And you will be open to others who
look at the documents to interpret them in a differ ent
way, if they think that is appropriate, and to
persuade me in their submissions that that... |
46,264 | 336 | QUESTION:
Absolutely, sir. Two people can look in good
faith at the same document and come to differing
conclusions, and that will be -- there will be an
opportunity for all Core Participants to make those
submissions in due course.
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,265 | 336 | QUESTION:
This presentation that I'm going to start today,
and I'm sure will go into tomorrow as well, doesn't
attempt to be comprehensive. It is inevitably base d
upon a selection of the documents, otherwise we wou ld
be here for many, many weeks.
4No special status is gained by a document being
included or e... |
46,266 | 336 | QUESTION:
I think that's right, sir, yes. It brings me on
to where we are with this presentation which begins in
the 1970s. There are other places where one can
begin, as the fractionators have, back in the '50s.
You, sir, have looked at some documents in the
past from the 1960s, and in particular a letter fr... |
46,267 | 336 | QUESTION:
Exactly so, sir. Perhaps we can bring it up as
good a place to start as any.
ANSWER:
It might be a place to begin. It's
a contribution to the debate.
|
46,268 | 336 | QUESTION:
It is, and Dr Biggs is an important player in
that debate, as we will see in the 1970s as well.
It's DHSC0100025_62. We can see from the heading - -
7ANSWER:
I was wrong about the April. It's
August.
|
46,269 | 336 | QUESTION:
It's August. 22 August 1967. We can see from
the heading, should anybody need the reminder, that
Dr Biggs was from the Oxford haemophilia centre,
addressed to Dr Godber, Chief Medical Officer and w hat
the letter says is this. The first paragraph is ab out
thanking Dr Godber for an invitation to join... |
46,270 | 336 | QUESTION:
That's right. That's right.
ANSWER:
When did that come in?
|
46,271 | 336 | QUESTION:
That comes in the mid-1970s when, firstly, there
is a reference to units and then it becomes
international units. That refers to the end produc t,
how much is actually made. The way that how much
plasma goes in to make that end product is describe d
in various ways, initially from donations, later i... |
46,272 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes.
12 ANSWER:
-- which we've heard, again perhaps,
a lot about just recently.
|
46,273 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes, that will be something that comes up again
repeatedly in the '70s. Of notice, the fact that t he
letter was addressed to Dr Godber at the Department of
Health --
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,274 | 336 | QUESTION:
-- or, as it was then called, the Ministry of
Health, later becomes the Department of Health and
Social Security.
I will be coming on to the '70s shortly but,
just so there is a route map of where we are going to
go, the intention of a presentation is to trace the
rise in demand for Factor VIII concent... |
46,275 | 336 | QUESTION:
Exactly, exactly. That is not something that we
will be looking at in detail this week, because the
focus is rather at the other end of the telescope
about how fractionators and civil servants and
regional administrators responded to what they
understood the demand to be. It is not a question of
how... |
46,276 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes, absolutely. It's the top-down and
bottom-up approach.
ANSWER:
-- how those two, personal autonomy
and clinical decision making or, for that matter,
strategic decision making, fit together.
|
46,277 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes.
The fourth theme that we've identified is the
importance of the availability of commercial produc ts
in pushing forward both demands for self-sufficienc y
and pressures on clinicians, on politicians and civ il
servants, and on fractionators. Those commercial
products threatened, at least in som... |
46,278 | 336 | QUESTION:
This is an attempt to calculate the total number
of patients. We will see later in the document tha t
32 there is an estimate of the number of most severely
affected.
ANSWER:
Well, the reason I say that is if we
look at the top of the page, she starts off talking
about the United States estimates, ... |
46,279 | 336 | QUESTION:
I think so, sir. A problem with many of these
documents is that it's not entirely clear what it i s
that -- or what the numbers represent, whether or n ot
this is intended just to be people with severe
haemophilia or others as well.
As we will see in the debate that follows, there
is a number that is... |
46,280 | 336 | QUESTION:
I think that's right, sir. The test gradually
improves in its sensitivity over the years as well.
ANSWER:
So what she is reporting on is
material which was -- some of which probably was
collected and manufactured into product, so far as it
was concentrate, before it was screened.
|
46,281 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes.
39 Going back to the paper, we can see that the
next issue that Dr Biggs turns to is the amount of
Factor VIII concentrate required to treat
haemophiliacs in Great Britain. And we can see fro m
the paragraph that follows that she bases many of h er
calculations on work that was done at Treloar'... |
46,282 | 336 | QUESTION:
She refers to Great Britain.
ANSWER:
Great Britain, so that's the UK?
|
46,283 | 336 | QUESTION:
I think that may be -- yes, a misonym For Great
Britain and Northern Ireland.
ANSWER:
When she spoke about the 50,000
earlier, she spoke about it on the basis of "our
practice", and her own reference in, I think, the
1 earlier letter ... |
46,284 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes.
ANSWER:
So this may not be comparing like
with like --
|
46,285 | 336 | QUESTION:
No, I was about to say, sir, it is not a direct
comparison. She does refer to "our practice" and - -
ANSWER:
Which may mean Oxford, and Oxford
was recognised as a centre, wasn't it?
|
46,286 | 336 | QUESTION:
It does and, from the context of her letter, she
refers not just to Oxford but to patients who were
coming into Oxford.
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,287 | 336 | QUESTION:
So it is a significant proportion of England,
but it is not the same figure here, which is betwee n
400,000 and 750,000. Of course, Dr Biggs, in her 1 967
letter, wasn't seeking to project into the future t he
demand that would be required in six or seven years '
time; she was talking about what, in ... |
46,288 | 336 | QUESTION:
Yes. Yes. So it's not saying that is the total
number of people with severe haemophilia in the
country.
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,289 | 336 | QUESTION:
I'm just mentioning in parenthesis here, sir,
44 that the assumption that is made there about home
treatment, and that it shouldn't involve the use of
more concentrate than in hospital, is an important
assumption, which plays out in the estimates that
follow. It is one that is later challenged. Ther... |
46,290 | 336 | QUESTION:
There is a debate which emerges about this.
There is a sense that the higher use of home
treatment, initially, is making up the previous
under-treatment, which was done in hospital, and th e
reference to "good hospital care" by Dr Biggs may b e
hinting at that.
There is also a subsequent debate, whic... |
46,291 | 336 | QUESTION:
That would certainly fit with what we see in
terms of the demand curve, once home treatment beco mes
more widely used.
ANSWER:
Indeed, it was, I think, one of the
suggestions made at the time that people became awa re
of the risk that blood products might transmit
whatever it was that was causing A... |
46,292 | 336 | QUESTION:
I think, sir, we will see in some of the later
papers that there is an acceptance that the assumpt ion
made here by Dr Biggs is not one which is borne out in
practice.
Dr Biggs goes on in the paper to discuss the
economics of treatment. This is a short section in
46 which she points out that the co... |
46,293 | 336 | QUESTION:
Optimum treatment is 700,000 or 750,000.
ANSWER:
Yes.
|
46,294 | 336 | QUESTION:
The requirement for on-demand treatment, as she
puts it, is 400,000. So, in her analysis, there is ,
at that time, under-treatment, and that's consisten t
with what she has said in her letters and what
Dr Rizza has said in his. As mentioned earlier, th at
figure should be the same whether that treatm... |
46,295 | 336 | QUESTION:
Impracticable and, at that time it wasn't
51 necessarily clinically advised either. We will see --
I'm not going to go through the debate on prophylac tic
treatment in the 1970s but, every now and again, it
crops up in the papers and we can see that it is
something which has been considered at this ... |
46,296 | 336 | QUESTION:
Sir, a couple of points of housekeeping just at
the start. First of all, the presentation
I understand is now up on the website and so people
will be able to access it there. It should also ha ve
been provided on the CP work spaces.
The second point is that I earlier referred to
some paragraph numbe... |
46,297 | 336 | QUESTION:
Turning back to where we left off, sir, which
was the expert group on the treatment of haemophili a
and its first meeting on 20 March 1973. We've
looked at Dr Biggs' paper which was considered by t he
group. Dr Maycock also provided two papers dealing
firstly with capacity figures for the production ... |
46,298 | 336 | QUESTION:
"Close co-operation between England (including
Wales and Northern Ireland) and Scotland will be
required in order to co-ordinate and optimise blood
collection and transport, the fractionation process es,
distribution of the therapeutic agents, and
utilisation of other blood fraction by-products."
Yes,... |
46,299 | 336 | QUESTION:
Dr Douglas from Aberdeen.
That was what the expert group said. The
response to that group within the DHSS can be seen in
a series of letters, which are summarised in the
written presentation. I won't take you to those.
I will, however, flag the fact that one of those
letters from Dr Reid to Dr Wait... |
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