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kp-eb0714-025502-3137
MARNE, a department of the north of France, formed out of the parts of the ancient province of Champagne, called Remois and Perthois, and a portion of Brie. It extends in east longitude from 2. 20. to 4. 53. and in north latitude from 48. 4L to 49. 24. including a surface of 3399 square miles, or, according to the Desc...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARNE
kp-eb0714-025601-3150
MARONDA, a small town of Hindustan, in the Rajpoot territories, in the province of Ajmeer, and twenty miles north-east from the town of Aimeer. Long. 75. 7. E. Lat. 26. 43. N.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
26 43' N 75 7' E
MARONDA
kp-eb0714-025602-3150
MARONITES, in Ecclesiastical History, a sect of oriental Christians, who follow the Syrian rite, and are subject to the pope, their principal habitation being on Mount Libanus. Mosheim informs us, that the doctrine of the Monothelites, condemned and exploded by the council of Constantinople, found a refuge amongst the...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARONITES
kp-eb0714-025603-3150
MAROT, Clement, the best French poet of his time, was born at Cahors in 1495, being the son of John Marot, valet-de-chambre to Francis I. and poet to Queen Anne of Bretagne. He enjoyed his father’s place as valet-de-chambre [7:14:257]to Francis I., and was page to Margaret of France, wife of the Duke of Alençon. In 152...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MAROT
kp-eb0714-025701-3163
MARQUE, or Letters of Marque, in war, are letters of reprisal, granting the subjects of one prince or state liberty to make reprisals on those of another. They are so called from the German marche, limit, frontier, as being jus concessum in alterius principis marchas seu limites transeundi, sibique jus faciendi, or a r...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARQUE
kp-eb0714-025702-3163
MARQUESAS, or Mendoca Islands. This group of islands, which extends from 138 to 140 degrees of west longitude, and from 8∣ to 10∣ south latitude, is situated in the South Pacific Ocean. They were discovered by Mendana, a Spanish navigator, in 1595, and were named by him Marquesas de Mendoca, in honour of Mendoca, then ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARQUESAS
kp-eb0714-025703-3163
MARQUETRY, Inlaid Work, a curious kind of work, composed of pieces of hard fine wood of different colours, fastened, in thin slices, on a ground, and sometimes enriched with other substances, as tortoise-shell, ivory, tin, and brass. There is another kind of marquetry, made of glasses of various colours instead of woo...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARQUETRY
kp-eb0714-025801-3176
MARQUIS, a title of honour, next in dignity to that of duke. The office of marquis is to guard the frontiers and limits of the kingdom, which were called the marches, from the Teutonic word marche, a limit, as, in particular, were the marches of Wales and Scotland whilst they continued hostile to England. The persons w...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARQUIS
kp-eb0714-025802-3176
MARRACCI, Ludovico, a learned Italian, who was born at Lucca, in Tuscany, in 1612. After having finished his juvenile studies, he entered into the Congregation of regular clerks of the Mother of God, and early distinguished himself by his learning and merit. He taught rhetoric for seven years, and passed through severa...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARRACCI
kp-eb0714-025803-3176
MARRIAGE is a contract entered into between two persons of different sexes, with a view to one undivided state or society for life. It has its origin in the constitution, and is nearly coeval with the history, of man; and the first occasion of its occurrence is represented to us in holy writ as having taken place under...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARRIAGE
kp-eb0714-025901-3189
MARS, in Astronomy, one of the eleven planets, situated without the earth’s orbit, and remarkable for the extent of its atmosphere and the redness of its light. See Astronomy. Mars, in the Pagan mythology, was the god of war. According to some, he was the son of Jupiter and Juno; whilst others say that he was the son o...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARS
kp-eb0714-025902-3189
MARSAC, a town of France, in the department of the Puy-de-Dôme and arrondissement of Ambert. It stands on the left bank of the river Dore, and contains 620 houses, and 3100 inhabitants. There are carried on here manufactures of thread and silk lace, of ribbons and linen.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSAC
kp-eb0714-025903-3189
MARSAIS, Cesar Chesneau du, an eminent literary [7:14:260]character, was born at Marseilles in 1676. He attached himself at an early period of life to the order of the Congregation of the Oratory; but the situation was too confined for his genius, and he soon left it. At Paris he married, became advocate, and entered o...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSAIS
kp-eb0714-026001-3202
MARSALA, a parliamentary city of the island of Sicily, in the kingdom of Naples, in the province of Mazzara, and seventy miles from Palermo. It was the Lilybaeum of the ancients, the capital and chief fortress of the Carthaginians. It is now an old wall, with four bastions, but no glacis, and has neither ordnance, quar...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
37 48' 10" N 12 25' 10" E
MARSALA
kp-eb0714-026002-3202
MARSEILLES, a city of the south of France, on the Mediterranean Sea, the capital of the department of the Bouches du Rhone, 102 posts or 500 miles from Paris. It is asserted to be the most ancient city of Europe, having been founded by a colony of Greek Phocians 560 years before the Christian era, at which time it bore...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSEILLES
kp-eb0714-026301-3241
MARSH, Narcissus, a learned Irish prelate, was born at Hannington, in Wiltshire, in 1638. He was made principal of St Alban’s Hall, Oxford, in the year 1673, but removed to the provostship of Dublin College in 1678; was promoted to the bishopric of Leighlin and Ferns in 1682, translated to the archbishopric of Cashel i...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSH
kp-eb0714-026302-3241
MARSHAL, or Mareschal (marescallus), primarily denotes an officer who had the charge or the command of horses. Nico derives the word from polemarchus, master of the camp; and Matthew Paris from Martis senes-callus. In the Old Gaulish language, march meant horse; and hence mareschal might signify him who commanded the c...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSHAL
kp-eb0714-026303-3241
MARSHALLING a Coat, in Heraldry, is the disposal of several coats of arms belonging to distinct families in one and the same escutcheon or shield, together with their ornaments, parts, and appurtenances.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSHALLING
kp-eb0714-026304-3241
MARSHFIELD, a town of the county of Gloucester and the hundred of Thornbury, 102 miles from London. It is situated on the frontier of the county, touching both on Wilts and on Somerset. It has a corporation, governed by a bailiff, with a market on Thursday. The parish is extensive, though thinly peopled. The inhabitant...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSHFIELD
kp-eb0714-026305-3241
MARSI, a nation of Germany, who afterwards settled in Italy, where they occupied the territory in the environs of the Fucine Lake. They at first proved inimical to Rome, but in process of time they became its firmest supporters. They were allowed by the Romans to be the most intrepid soldiers of their legions when frie...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSI
kp-eb0714-026306-3241
MARSICONUOVO, a city of the kingdom of Naples, in the province Principato Citeriore. It stands at the source of the river Acri, is the seat of a bishop, and has a cathedral and five other churches, with 6790 inhabitants.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSICONUOVO
kp-eb0714-026307-3241
MARSIGLI, Louis Ferdinand Count de, an Italian geographer and naturalist, was descended of an ancient and noble family, and born at Bologna on the 10th of July 1658. He acquired a great knowledge in the art of war and of fortification; and he served under the Emperor Leopold II. against the Turks, by whom he was taken ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSIGLI
kp-eb0714-026401-3254
MARSYAS, in fabulous history, a celebrated musician of Celaenae, in Phrygia, and reputed the son of Olympus, or of Hyagnis, cr Oeagrus. He was so skilful in playing on the flute, that he is generally deemed the inventor of that instrument. According to the opinion of some, he found it after Minerva had thrown it aside ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARSYAS
kp-eb0714-026402-3254
MART, a great fair held every year, for buying and selling goods. Public marts, or places of buying and selling, such as markets and fairs, with the tolls there levied, can only be set up by virtue of the king’s grant, or by immemorial usage and prescription, which presupposes such a grant. The limitation of these publ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MART
kp-eb0714-026403-3254
MARTHA or Marta, Santa, a province of South America, in Magdalena, formerly a department of Colombia. It is bounded on the east by Rio Hacha, on the west by Carthagena, on the south by Mariqnita and Antioquia, and on the north by the Caribbean Sea. The provinces of Rio Hacha and Santa Martha, being separated by no reco...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTHA
kp-eb0714-026404-3254
MARTIALIS, Marcus Valerius, a famous Latin poet, born at Bilbilis, now called Bubiera, in the kingdom o Aragon, in Spain, was of the equestrian order. He went to Rome about the age of twenty-one, and staid there thirty-five years, under the reign of Galba and the succeeding emperors, till that of Trajan; and having acq...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTIALIS
kp-eb0714-026501-3267
MARTIN, St, was born at Sabaria, in Pannonia (Stain, in Lower Hungary), in the beginning of the fourth century. He was elected Bishop of Tours in the year 374. To the zeal and charity of a bishop he joined the humility and poverty of an anchorite. That he might detach himself the more from the world, he built the celeb...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTIN
kp-eb0714-026502-3267
MARTIN, St, an island in the West Indies, situated between Anguilla and St Bartholomew, in latitude 18.4.0. north, and longitude 63. 14. 0. west. It is about fifteen miles in length by twelve at its greatest breadth. The coast is indented with numerous bays, which makes it appear larger than it really is. The interior ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTIN
kp-eb0714-026503-3267
MARTINGALE, in the manege, a thong of leather, fastened to one end of the girths under a horse’s belly, and at the other end to the muss-roll, to prevent him from rearing.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTINGALE
kp-eb0714-026504-3267
MARTINICO, or Martinique, a large island in the West Indies, belonging to France. It is nearly fifty miles in length by about sixteen in breadth, and comprehends an area of 360 square miles. The surface is uneven, and intersected in all parts by steep and rugged rocks. Piton de Corbet, one of the highest, is about 812 ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTINICO
kp-eb0714-026601-3280
MARTINSBERG, a market-town of the circle of Wieselburg, in the province beyond the Danube, in Hungary. It contains 1500 inhabitants, who chiefly subsist by the cultivation of vineyards. It stands at the foot of the Mons Sacer Pannomae, on the top of which is a Benedictine convent, which is immediately under the patrona...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
47 32' 32" N 17 39' 1" E
MARTINSBERG
kp-eb0714-026602-3280
MARTLETS, in Heraldry, little birds represented without feet, and used as a difference or mark of distinction for younger brothers, to put them in mind that they are to trust to the wings of virtue and merit, in order to raise themselves, and not to their feet, inasmuch as they have little land to take their stand upon...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTLETS
kp-eb0714-026603-3280
MARTOCK, a town of Somersetshire, in the hundred of the same name, 130 miles from London. It is in a rich level district, through which runs the river Ivel. The church is a large and elegant structure. In the market-place is a fluted column after the model of the celebrated pillar of Trajan. The population amounted in ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTOCK
kp-eb0714-026604-3280
MARTYR is one who lays down his life, or who suffers death, for the sake of his religion. The word is Greek, μa%∏)ζ, and properly signifies a witness. It is applied, by way of eminence, to those who suffered in witness of the truth of the gospel. The Christian church has abounded in martyrs, and history is filled with ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTYR
kp-eb0714-026605-3280
MARTYROLOGY, a catalogue or list of martyrs, including the history of their lives and sufferings for the sake of religion. The term is formed of, ωαgrug, witness, and aoyog, discourse. The Martyrology of Eusebius of Caesarea was the most celebrated in the ancient church. It was translated into Latin by St Jerome, but ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARTYROLOGY
kp-eb0714-026701-3293
MARVEJOLS, an arrondissement of the department of the Lozère, in France, 728 square miles in extent. It is divided into ten cantons and seventy-six communes, and contains 57,100 inhabitants. The capital is a city of the same name situated in a beautiful valley on the river Coulanges; it is well built, and contains 660 ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
44 25' N 3 14' E
MARVEJOLS
kp-eb0714-026702-3293
MARVELL, Andrew, an ingenious writer in the seventeenth century, was bred at Cambridge. He travelled through the most polite parts of Europe, and was secretary to the embassy at Constantinople. His first appearance in public business at home was as assistant to John Milton, Latin secretary to the protector. A little be...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARVELL
kp-eb0714-026703-3293
MARWAR, an extensive district of Hindustan, in the province of Ajmeer, situated principally between the twenty-sixth and twenty-eighth degrees of north latitude. It has been possessed from time immemorial by the Rajpoot rajah of Joudpore.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARWAR
kp-eb0714-026704-3293
MARY (Heb. o ι >ηn, Gr. Mαg∕αμ vel Mag∕a). Of persons bearing this name, no less than seven are mentioned in different parts of the sacred volume. They are the following: Mary or Miriam, the sister of Aaron and Moses. She was the daughter of Amram and Jochebed, who were both of the tribe of Levi (Exod. ii. 1), and wer...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MARY
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MARYBOROUGH, a borough, market, and post town, and the assizes town to Queen’s County, in the province of Leinster, in Ireland; so called in honour of Mary queen of England, who reduced this part of the country to shireground by act of parliament 6 and 7 Philip and Mary. It is governed by a burgomaster and bailiffs, an...
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53 0' N 7 20' W
MARYBOROUGH
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MARYLAND, one of the United States of North America, is bounded on the east by Delaware and a portion of the Atlantic Ocean, on the south-west and west by Virginia, on the south by the confluence of Chesapeake Bay with the Atlantic, and on the north by Pennsylvania. It extends from longitude 75. 10. to 79. 20. west, an...
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MARYLAND
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MARY-LE-BONE, one of the large parishes of the metropolis, which sends two members to parliament; but the parish of Paddington, and a part of St Paneras, are united with it for this purpose. The population of this parish amounted in 1801 to 63,982, in 1811 to 75,624, in 1821 to 96,040, and in 1831 to 122,206. See Londo...
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MARY-LE-BONE
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MARYPORT, a market-town and sea-port of the county of Cumberland, in the parish of Cross-Cannonby, Allerdale-ward, below Darwent, thirty miles south-west by west from Carlisle, and 309∣ north-west by north from London. It is situated at the foot of the river Ellen, and is irregularly built, partly on the sea-shore and ...
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MARYPORT
kp-eb0714-027503-3397
MARZION, a market-town of Cornwall, in the parish of St Hillary and hundred of Penwith. It is sometimes called Market Jew. Marzion is 278 miles from London, being situated on an arm of the sea known as Mounts Bay, near the Land’s End. The buildings are indifferent, and the harbour not very commodious. There is a market...
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MARZION
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MAS, Louis du, natural son of Jean Louis de Montcalm Seigneur de Candiac, and a widow of rank belonging to Rouergue, was born at Nismes in 1676. His attention was first bestowed on jurisprudence; but he afterwards occupied himself exclusively with the study of mathematics, philosophy, and languages. Father Malebranche ...
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MAS
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MASBATE, one of the Philippine Islands, lying due south of the island of Lucon or Luconia. It may be estimated at sixty miles in length by seventeen in average breadth. The principal produce of the island is rice. There are some mines, but they are unwrought. Long. 123. 20. E. Lat. 12. 18. N.
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12 18' N 123 20' E
MASBATE
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MASBOTHAEI, or Mesbothaei, the name of a sect, or rather of two sects. Hegesippus, cited by Eusebius, mentions two different sects of Masbothaeans. The first wa⅛ [7:14:276]one of the seven sects which rose out of Judaism, and proved very troublesome to the church; the second was one of the seven Jewish sects before the...
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MASBOTHAEI
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MASCALI, a parliamentary city of the island of Sicily, in the kingdom of Naples, in the province Demone, 140 miles from Palermo. It is situated on a river issuing from Mount Aetna, in a salubrious district, and is very ill built, but contains 14,000 inhabitants, some of whom are employed in weaving cloth, others in the...
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MASCALI
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MASCAT, or Muscat, a sea-port of Arabia, which has the best harbour, indeed almost the only one, on the eastern shore. This harbour is formed on the south-eastward by the Mascat Island, a ridge of rocks from 200 to 300 feet in height, which is separated from the mainland by a narrow channel capable of admitting small b...
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23 38' N 59 15' E
MASCAT
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MASCULINE, something belonging to the male, or the stronger of the two sexes. Masculine is used in grammar to signify the first and worthiest of the genders of nouns. The masculine gender is that which belongs to the male kind, or something analogous to it. Most substances are ranged under the heads of masculine or fe...
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MASCULINE
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MASINA, a kingdom of Western Africa, situated to the east and north of Bambara, and to the west of Timbuctoo, upon the northern bank of the Niger. It is inhabited by the Foulahs, who are engaged chiefly in pasturage.
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MASINA
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MASHAM, a town of Yorkshire, in the wapentake of Hang‘East, in the north riding, 224 miles from London. It stands on the river Ure. Near to it was formerly the large Cistertian Abbey of Jervaux, founded in 1145, whose walls, which may now be traced, extended nearly two miles. There is a market, which is held on Tuesday...
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MASHAM
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MASINISSA, a king of the Massyli, a tribe of the Nu∙ midians, in Africa, was son of Gala, and born about 239 B. c. He died 149 b. c. The earlier part of his life seems to have been spent in Carthage, where he attracted so much of the attention of Asdrubal, the son of Gisgo, that he offered to him his daughter in marria...
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MASINISSA
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MASKELYNE, Nevil, a most industrious and accurate astronomer, born in London on the 6th of October 1732, was the son of Mr Edmund Maskelyne, a gentleman of respectable family in Wiltshire. At the age of nine he was sent to Westminster School, and continued to apply with diligence to the usual pursuits of that place, u...
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16 32' S 167 59' E
MASKELYNE
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MASON, William, an English poet of distinction, born in the year 1725, was the son of a clergyman who held the living of Hull. He took his first degree at St John’s College, Cambridge, in 1745, whence he removed to Pembroke College, of which he was admitted a fellow in 1747. The Earl of Holdernesse presented him to the...
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MASON
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MASONRY, Free, denotes the rule or system of mysteries and secrets peculiar to the society of free and accepted masons. One of the first objects of man, in a rude state of being, is to screen himself and his family from the heat of the tropical sun, from the inclemency of the polar regions, or from the sudden changes ...
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MASONRY
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MASONRY. 1. Masonry is the art of building with stones. The art of reducing stones to regular or determinate forms is sometimes called stone-cutting, but is usually considered a branch of masonry. Workers in marble are also called masons; but it is stone-masonry only which we intend to treat of in this article, as mar...
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MASONRY. 1
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MASORA, a term in the Jewish theology, signifying a work on the Bible, performed by several learned rabbin, in order to secure it from any alterations which might otherwise happen. The work of the Masorites regards merely the letter of the Hebrew text, in which they have, first, fixed the true reading by vowels and ac...
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MASORA
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MASQUE, or Mask, a cover for the face, contrived with apertures for the eyes and mouth, and originally worn chiefly by women of condition, either to preserve their complexion from the weather, or out of modesty to prevent their being known. Poppaea, wife of Nero, is said to have been the inventor of the masque, which s...
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MASQUE
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MASQUERADE, an assembly of persons masked or disguised, who meet to dance and divert themselves. This was once much in use with us, and has been long a common practice abroad, especially in carnival time. The word comes from the Italian mascarata, and that from the Arabic mascara, which signifies raillery or buffoonery...
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MASQUERADE
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MASRAKITHA, a pneumatic instrument of music amongst the ancient Hebrews, being composed of pipes of various sizes, fitted into a kind of wooden chest, open at the top, and stopped at the bottom with wood covered with a skin. Wind was conveyed to it from the lips, by means of a pipe fixed to the chest; the pipes were of...
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MASRAKITHA
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MASS, in Mechanics, the matter of any body cohering with it, that is, moving and gravitating along with it. In this sense mass is distinguished from bulk or volume, which is the expansion of a body in length, breadth, and thickness. The mass of any body is rightly estimated by its weight; and the masses of two bodies o...
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MASS
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MASSA, a small independent state in Italy, called a duchy, the sovereign of which is a female of the house of Este, at whose death it falls to her son the Duke of Modena. It contains about ninety square miles, with two cities, two towns, thirty-seven villages, and 27,500 inhabitants. It produces some little corn, with ...
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MASSA
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MASSACHUSETTS, oneofthe United StatesofNorth America, is bounded on the north by New Hampshire and Vermont, on the south by Connecticut and Rhode Island, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the state of New York. It extends from long. 69. 50. to 73. 10. and from lat. 41. 23. to 43. 52. being 180 miles...
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MASSACHUSETTS
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MASSAGETAE, an ancient people, about whose original seat there is as much doubt as about that of the Amazons. Tibullus and Ammianus place them near Albania, beyond the Araxes, which sometimes denotes the Oxus; and it is probable they dwelt to the east of Sogdiana. (Dionysius Periegetes, Herodotus, Arrian).
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MASSAGETAE
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MASSALIANS, a set of enthusiasts who sprang up about the year 361, in the reign of the Emperor Constantius, and maintained that men have two souls, a celestial ιnd a diabolical, and that the latter is driven out by prayer.
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MASSALIANS
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MASSANIELLO. See Naples.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MASSANIELLO
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MASSE’S Island, an island in the South Pacific Ocean, ∙,o called by Captain Marchand, and forming one of the group called Hergest’s Islands.
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MASSE’S
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MASSILIA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Gallia Narbonensis, peopled by a colony of 1 hoccans, from Pho- aca, a city of Ionia, and universally celebrated, not only or its port, commerce, and strength, but especially for the politeness and learning of its inhabitants. It is now Marseilles, a maritime city of Provence.
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MASSILIA
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MASSILLON, Jean Baptiste, one of the greatest pulpit orators of France, and in the pathetic department of sacred eloquence the first, was the son of François Massillon, a notary ofHiéres in Provence. He was born on the 24th of June 1663, and entered, when very young, into the college of the Oratory in that city. Whilst...
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MASSILLON
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MASSINGER, Philip, a distinguished dramatic writer, was born at Salisbury in 1584, and educated at Wilton, the scat of the Earl of Pembroke, to whose family his father was attached. In May 1602, he became a commoner of Alban Hall, Oxford, where he studied for some time; but he left the university abruptly, without taki...
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MASSINGER
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MASSIVE, amongst builders, an epithet given to whatever is heavy and solid. Thus a massive column is one short and thick for the order whose capital it bears; and a massive wall is one the openings or lights of which are small in proportion.
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MASSIVE
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MASSUAH, a town of Egypt, situated on an island of the Red Sea, not more than three quarters of a mile in length. The houses are built chiefly of wooden poles and thatch; but a few are composed of a kind of stone, in which shells are embedded. When the commerce with India flowed through this channel, the trade of Massu...
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MASSUAH
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MAST, a long round piece of timber, elevated perpendicularly upon the keel of a ship, to which are attached the yards, the sails, and the rigging. See Ship-Building. The mast which is placed at the middle of the ship’s length is called the main-mast; that which is placed in the fore part, the fore-mast; and that which...
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MAST
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MASTER, a title given to several officers and persons of authority and command, particularly to the chiefs of the orders of knighthood, and some others. Thus we say, the grand master of Malta, of St Lazarus, of the golden fleece, of the free masons, and so of others. Master (Magister) was a title frequent amongst the ...
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MASTER
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MASTICATION, the action of chewing or agitating the solid parts of our food between the teeth, by the motion of the jaws, the tongue, and the lips, whereby it is broken into small pieces, impregnated with saliva, and so fitted for deglutition and a more easy digestion.
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MASTICATION
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MASTICH, a kind of resin exuding from the lenticus tree, and brought from Chio, in small yellowish transparent grains or tears, of an agreeable smell, especially when heated or set on fire.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MASTICH
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MASTICOT, Massico, or Yellow Lead, is the calx or ashes of lead, gently calcined, by which it is changed to yellow of lighter or deeper tint, according to the degree of calcination.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MASTICOT
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MASTIFF Dog, Band Dog (canis villaticus or catenarius), is a species of great size and strength, and having a very loud bark. See Mammalia.
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MASTIFF
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MASTIGADOUR, or Slabbering-bit, in the manege, a snaffle of iron, all smooth, and of a piece, guarded with paternosters, and composed of three halfs of great rings, made into demi-ovals of unequal size, the lesser being enclosed within the greater, which ought to be about half a foot high.
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MASTIGADOUR
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MASULI, a large island, 160 miles long by 60 broad, formed by the Brahmaputra River. It is intersected throughout by channels of communication, by which it iš converted into a cluster of islands. It is of a very rich soil.
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MASULI
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MASULIPATAM, or Muchilipatam, a considerable sea-port of Hindustan, in the Northern Circars, and district of Condapilly. It is defended by a fort, which is of an oblong square figure, 800 yards in length by 600 in breath, and situated in the midst of a salt morass, close to an inlet or canal, which communicates with th...
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16 10' N 81 10' E
MASULIPATAM
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MASWEY, a town of Hindustan, in the nabob of Oude’s territories, and district of Lucknow, 16 miles north-northeast from the city of Lucknow. Long. 80. 40. E. Lat. 27.
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MASWEY
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MATAN, a small island amongst the Philippines, near the port of Sibu, where the celebrated Magellan was killed in 1521, in an engagement with the natives.
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MATAN
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MATARAM, a large town of Asia, formerly the capital of an empire of that name in the island of Java. It is strong by situation, and is seated in a very fertile, pleasant, and populous country, surrounded with mountains. Long. 111. 25. E. Lat. 7. 55. S.
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7 55' S 111 25' E
MATARAM
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MATARO, a city of the province of Catalonia, in Spain. It is about four leagues from Barcelona, in a fertile district, which produces large quantities of the red wine called Bencarlo. It is also a place of considerable manufactures, and makes silks of various kinds, cotton goods, laces, and glass ware. It contains abou...
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MATARO
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MATCH, a kind of rope, slightly twisted, and prepared to retain fire for the uses of artillery, mines, fireworks, and the like.
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MATCH
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MATE of a Ship of War, an officer under the direction of the master, by whose choice he is generally appointed, to assist him in the several branches of his duty. Accordingly, he is to be particularly attentive to the navigation in his watch, to keep the log regularly, and examine the line and glasses by which the ship...
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MATE
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MATERA, a city, the capital of a district of the same name, in the province of Basilicata, in the kingdom of Naples. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Matera and Acerenza, is well built, and contains, besides a cathedral, six monasteries, with their churches, a collegiate institution for the education of nobles, and ...
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MATERA
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MATERIA MEDICA. The signification given to this term by different authors has varied very much indeed, some employing it to denote the whole range, and others only a particular department, of that branch of medical science which relates to the means employed for the prevention or in the treatment of diseases. Prophylac...
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MATERIA MEDICA
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MATERIAL denotes something composed of matter, in which sense the word is opposed to immaterial. See Metaphysics.
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MATERIAL
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MATERIALISTS, a sect in the ancient church, composed of persons who, being prepossessed with the maxim of the ancient philosophy, Ex nihilo nihil fit, out of nothing can arise nothing, had recourse to an eternal matter, upon which they supposed that God wrought in the creation, instead of admitting that God alone was t...
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MATERIALISTS
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MATHEMATICS are divided into two kinds, pure and mixed. In pure mathematics magnitude is considered in the abstract; and as they are founded on the simplest notions of quantity, the conclusions to which they lead have the same evidence and certainty as the elementary principles from which these conclusions are deduced....
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MATHEMATICS
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MATLOCK, a town and parish of the county of Derby and hundred of Wirksworth, 144 miles from London. It is situated on the river Derwent, in a most picturesque situation, and is chiefly remarkable for its warm springs, celebrated for the cure of incipient consumptions, for which they are very much resorted to. The scene...
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MATLOCK
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MATRICE, or Matrix, in dyeing, is applied to the five simple colours, from which all the rest are derived. These are, the black, white, blue, red, and yellow or root colour. Matrices used by the letter-founders, are those little pieces of copper or brass, at one end of which are engraven, dentwise, or en creux, the se...
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MATRICE
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MATRICULA, a register kept of the admission of officers and persons entered into any body or society of which a list is made. Hence those who are admitted into our universities are said to be matriculated. Amongst ecclesiastical authors, we find mention made of two kinds of matricule; the one containing a list of the e...
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MATRICULA
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MATRONALIA, a Roman festival instituted by Romulus, and celebrated on the kalends of March, in honour of Mars. It was particularly observed by matrons, and bachelors were entirely excluded from any share in the solemnity. During this festival the men sent presents to the women, for which a return was made by .them at t...
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MATRONALIA
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MATROSSES are soldiers in the train of artillery, who are next to the gunners, and assist them in loading, firing, and sponging the great guns. They carry firelocks, and march along with the store waggons, both as a guard, and also to afford assistance in case a waggon should break down.
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MATROSSES
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MATSMAI, a large town, the capital of the island of Japan, at the southern extremity of the island. Golownin, who was taken prisoner by the Japanese, and here confined, supposes its population to amount to 50,000.
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MATSMAI
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MATT, in a ship, is a name given to rope-yarn, junk, or the like, beaten flat, interwoven, and used to preserve the yards from galling or rubbing, in hoisting or lowering them.
ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, SEVENTH EDITION: A MACHINE-READABLE TEXT TRANSCRIPTION (v3.1), The Nineteenth-Century Knowledge Project, 2024 nckp@temple.edu, https://tu-plogan.github.io/. License: CC-BY-4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, ...
MATT