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because Java Script allows us to
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manipulate the Dom the document object
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model that represents all of the
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elements that happen to be on that page
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so to do that let's go ahead and return
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to hello HTML this again was this paté
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web page that just said hello and gave
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me a button where if I clicked on that
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button it would display an alert that
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said hello world now what I'd like to do
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is instead of having the hello function
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display an alert I'd like to have it
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manipulate something on the page and
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what might I want me to manipulate well
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inside the body of the page I here have
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this heading this heading that just says
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hello for example which is inside of an
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h1 element and what I might like to do
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is actually change
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that element how can I do that well it
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turns out that in JavaScript we have
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access to a function called document dot
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query selector and what document query
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selector is going to do is it is going
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to give us the ability to look through
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an HTML page and extract an element out
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of that page so that we can manipulate
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that HTML element using JavaScript code
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and so if I want to select like an h1
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element I can say document query
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selector and then as the argument the
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input to document our query selector
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I'll go ahead and say each one meaning
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go through the page find me an h1
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element and query selector is only going
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to return one element so if they're
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multiple it's going to return the first
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thing it finds but here we only have one
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h1 element so it's ok I'm gonna say look
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through this document try and find in h1
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element and when you do I'd like to
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manipulate it and the way I'd like to
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manipulate it is by saying dot innerhtml
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equals of let's say goodbye for example
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so alright what's going on here well
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right now initially when we first load
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the page we have an h1 a big heading at
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the top that just says hello and now
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when this hello function is called which
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is called when this button is clicked on
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because it has an on-click attribute
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that is equal to hello calling the hello
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function what the hello function is
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going to do is it's going to say
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document query selector h1 find me the
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h1 element that will return this element
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right here a JavaScript representation
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of this HTML element that is just an h1
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whose HTML inside of it says hello and
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if I want to change that HTML I can do
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that by modifying the inner HTML
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property of the JavaScript elephant in
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order to update a property of anything
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in JavaScript will generally use this
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dot notation we're dot accesses of
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property of some particular object and
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so I have this element this h1 and
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saying dot inner HTML means take that
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element and access its inner HTML
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property some property of that object
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and I would like to update its inner
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HTML to just in this case be the word
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goodbye followed by an exclamation point
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for example
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so now what we'll see is that when we
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run this page when we open this page up
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as by opening up hello HTML I still see
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an h1 that says hello I still see a
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button that says click here but now when
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I actually click on the button click
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here you'll see that hello changes to
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goodbye
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we've run JavaScript code that finds an
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h1 element on the page and manipulates
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it changing it to something else than it
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was originally now every time I click
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here nothing else happens because every
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time I click here it's going to find the
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same h1 and it's going to update its
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HTML changing it from hello to goodbye
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so maybe what I'd really like then is
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the ability to toggle back and forth to
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toggle back and forth between hello and
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goodbye rather than just change it from
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one thing to something else every time I
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click the button I'd like it to
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alternate back and forth and there are a
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number of ways you can imagine doing
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this but one way is by taking advantage
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of conditions so much in the same way
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