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that a language like Python has
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conditions ifs and LS and else's
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JavaScript too has if and else if and
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else that allow us to describe
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conditions such that we can only run
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certain blocks of code when a particular
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boolean expression is true for example
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so what would that look like well let's
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go ahead and say inside of this hello
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function I can ask a question if
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document query selector H ones inner
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HTML is equal to hello well then go
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ahead and set it to goodbye and else
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then go ahead and update the inner HTML
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this h1 element go ahead and set it to
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hello instead so what is this hello
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function doing it's now a little bit
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more sophisticated
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it now has a condition where I say if
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the keyword if followed by in
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parentheses the condition that I want to
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check for the thing I want to see is
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this true or not and what I'm checking
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for is is let me run document out query
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selector h1 which again looks through
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the page finds me the h1 tag and get to
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that element for me if I look at that
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inner HTML if it is equal to hello then
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I want to do something and this triple
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equals sign
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is JavaScript's way of checking for
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strict equality checking to make sure
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the two values are equal and also that
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their types are the same thing that if
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this is a string this must also be a
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string it turns out in JavaScript is
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also a weaker way to check for equality
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that just uses two equal signs and that
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is going to check the values are the
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same but it's going to allow for a bit
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of differences in type the two things
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might have different types but so long
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as they're basically the same value the
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double equal sign might generally come
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to be true usually if you can you'll
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want to use this triple equal sign the
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strict equality to make sure that not
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only are the types the same but the
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values are the same too and the triple
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equal sign will check both of those
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things so if I go ahead and find the h1
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element and its inner HTML is the word
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hello well then go ahead and find the h1
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element and update its inner HTML
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setting it equal to goodbye for example
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and else go ahead and find that same h1
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element updated inner HTML set it equal
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to hello and again just as in functions
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where we use these curly braces to
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enclose the body of the function all of
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the lines of code that are inside of the
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function JavaScript does the same thing
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to that inside of a condition when we
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want to express that this is inside the
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body of an if condition I can use curly
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braces to say this line of code in that
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line of code that's inside of the if
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expression or that's inside of the else
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expression for example so let's go ahead
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and try this now I can go ahead and open
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hello dot HTML
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refresh it it currently says hello with
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a button that says click here and now
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when I click here hello changes to
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goodbye and when I click here again
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goodbye changes back to hello and every
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time I click the button it's going to
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alternate between hello and goodbye
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because we either get caught in the if
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expression or we get caught in the else
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expression now there are a couple of
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places where you might look at this and
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notice that maybe this isn't as
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efficient as this code could potentially
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be and recall that every time we run
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document query selector to say go ahead
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and try and find a particular HTML
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element for me it's going to look
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through that page trying to find the h1
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element and it turns out that right now
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we have three separate calls to query
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selector even though only two of them
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will ever run on any given instance of
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the function but we
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document a query selector then we call
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it again inside of the if expression we
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can probably improve the design of this
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page by factoring that out by just
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looking for the h1 element once and then
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manipulating it and checking it using
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