text
stringlengths
1
81
start
float64
0
10.1k
duration
float64
0
24.9
those should be the only ones colored red.
4,947.76
3.41
So now, when I refresh this, I now see that Facebook
4,951.17
2.72
is a link that is now colored red, instead of colored blue, because I've
4,953.89
3.72
been very specific about picking an attribute
4,957.61
2.37
that I would like to use in order to reference that particular HTML element.
4,959.98
5.71
And we can use CSS selectors in more powerful ways too, maybe not just
4,965.69
4.04
to style a particular element always, but to style
4,969.73
2.88
an element only under certain conditions or only when
4,972.61
3.21
an element is in a particular state.
4,975.82
2.43
And this is very often done for something
4,978.25
1.71
like when you hover over something, when you hover over a button and something
4,979.96
4.14
pops out, or you hover over something and it changes color slightly.
4,984.1
3.49
We can begin to do this by adding what we call a pseudo class to a CSS
4,987.59
4.7
selector.
4,992.29
0.87
So let's take a look at an example of that
4,993.16
2.01
to see how we can modify an element when a user hovers their cursor
4,995.17
4.44
over that element, for example.
4,999.61
2.28
So I'll go ahead and open up a new file, hover.html, where here, I'll go ahead
5,001.89
5.49
and inside the body of the page just give myself a button.
5,007.38
3.99
This button is going to say, Click Me.
5,011.37
3.54
And let's add some style to the button.
5,014.91
1.99
By default, buttons show up as fairly simple buttons
5,016.9
2.43
that just look something like this.
5,019.33
1.58
I might like to add a little bit more to this button and say, you know what,
5,020.91
3.3
let's add some style to the button, and give it a width of 200 pixels,
5,024.21
4.8
a height of 50 pixels, a font size of 24 pixels,
5,029.01
4.95
and maybe a background color of green, for example.
5,033.96
4.11
So I've specified some size information, how big I'd like the font to be,
5,038.07
3.87
and also a background color for the button, such that now here's
5,041.94
3.33
what that button looks like.
5,045.27
1.17
Shrink it down a little bit.
5,046.44
1.16
It says, Click Me.
5,047.6
1.69
But many buttons, especially nowadays, they give you a little bit of feedback.
5,049.29
3.96
You hover over them, and they change their color slightly.
5,053.25
3.09
How do they do that?
5,056.34
1.18
Well, often it's using a CSS pseudo class,
5,057.52
3.2
where I can say button colon hover, meaning
5,060.72
3.99
when I am hovering over a button, then I'd
5,064.71
3.57
like you to change the background color to orange,
5,068.28
3.91
for example, some other color.
5,072.19
2.43
So now, I specified that by default normally for a button,
5,074.62
3.45
your background color should be green, but when
5,078.07
2.37
the button is being hovered over instead,
5,080.44
2.28
now change the background color to orange,
5,082.72
2.76
such that now when I open up this page and go to Click Me,
5,085.48
3
if I hover over the button, the color of the button changes.
5,088.48
3.69
Normally green changes to orange.
5,092.17
2.34
And so that is a very powerful feature that we have access to as well.
5,094.51
4.72
All right, so now we've seen how we can use various different CSS
5,099.23
3.08
selectors to very precisely define how we want our web pages to be styled.
5,102.31
4.71
But one other thing we can use CSS for that's quite powerful
5,107.02
2.82
is responsive design.
5,109.84
1.86
And responsive design is all about making sure
5,111.7
2.43
that our web pages look good, no matter how you're looking at the web page.
5,114.13
3.57
Nowadays, people aren't always looking at web pages on their computers.
5,117.7
3.11
But they're looking at web pages on their mobile phones or on their tablets
5,120.81
3.13
as well.
5,123.94
0.85
And it's important as we begin to design web pages that we design our web
5,124.79
3.2
pages in a responsive way.
5,127.99
1.98
So we'll look at a number of different ways
5,129.97
1.8
we can implement responsive design in our web pages,
5,131.77
3.24
starting with the discussion of the viewport.
5,135.01
3.21
And what the viewport is is the viewport is the visual part of the screen
5,138.22
4.41
that the user can actually see.
5,142.63
1.91
So the viewport is this entire area of the web page
5,144.54
3.22
that displays content to the user.
5,147.76
2.4
So one question you might ask is, what's going to happen when you take this page
5,150.16
3.48
and translate it onto a mobile screen?
5,153.64
3.27
Well, one thing that many mobile devices do by default
5,156.91
2.85
is treat their viewport as though it is the same width as a computer screen.
5,159.76
4.65
Because not all web pages are optimized from all device mobile devices,
5,164.41
3.66
you want to make sure that on a mobile device you can see everything.
5,168.07
2.88
And so many phones will take a web page like this
5,170.95
3.12
and just shrink it down to fit onto a mobile screen that
5,174.07
3.87
looks a little something like that.
5,177.94
1.86
Now, of course, that's probably not really what we want it to look like.
5,179.8
3
Ideally, we want our page to adapt to different sized screens.
5,182.8
3.69
Maybe we want the heading and the image and the text,
5,186.49
2.4
if that's what these are, to grow a little bit to fill that entire screen.
5,188.89
4.17
And so one simple thing we can do is just to add a little line of code
5,193.06
4.32
to our HTML inside the head section of our page that controls the viewport.
5,197.38
5.16
This line of code here is providing some metadata to our HTML page and saying,
5,202.54
4.92
I would like you to change the viewport to be
5,207.46
2.52
specifically the width of the device.
5,209.98
3.09
By default, many phones will use a viewport that's actually
5,213.07
2.55
wider than the width of the device, treat
5,215.62
1.99
it as if they're loading a page in a computer,
5,217.61
2.09
and then shrinking it down to the size of a mobile device.
5,219.7
3.12
If you and your web page specify, though,
5,222.82
2.07
that you want the viewport to be just the device width,
5,224.89
2.91
oftentimes a page is going to look a whole lot better on a mobile device.
5,227.8
5.05
But in addition to just adding a line like this,
5,232.85
2
there are other actual changes we can make
5,234.85
1.83
to our page to make it look a little better on different screens.
5,236.68
3.51
And one of those has to do with media queries.
5,240.19
2.67
And media queries are all about controlling
5,242.86
2.37
how our page is going to look depending on how we render that particular page,
5,245.23
4.83
or what size screen we're rendering that page on.
5,250.06
2.76
So let's take a look at an example of how
5,252.82
2.13
we might go about using media queries in order
5,254.95
3.06